CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR

A circulating fluidized bed reactor comprising a furnace (20), defined by a substantially vertical and planar first wall (12), and a particle separator having a return duct (40) adjacent said first wall. In the lower part of the return duct is arranged a gas seal adjacent a planar tube wall, which wall is said planar wall (12) or a wall (16) defining a space in gas flow connection with the furnace. The width of the horizontal cross section of the lower part of the return duct, measured in the direction of the first wall, is larger than its depth, measured perpendicular to the width. The gas seal includes a seal structure comprising water tubes bent from said tube wall (12, 16).

CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR

A circulating fluidized bed reactor comprising a furnace (20), defined by a substantially vertical and planar first wall (12), and a particle separator having a return duct (40) adjacent said first wall. In the lower part of the return duct is arranged a gas seal adjacent a planar tube wall, which wall is said planar wall (12) or a wall (16) defining a space in gas flow connection with the furnace. The width of the horizontal cross section of the lower part of the return duct, measured in the direction of the first wall, is larger than its depth, measured perpendicular to the width. The gas seal includes a seal structure comprising water tubes bent from said tube wall (12, 16).

SEAL POT DESIGN

An apparatus including at least one seal pot having at least one penetration through a surface other than the top of the seal pot, each of the at least one penetrations being configured for introduction, into the at least one seal pot, of solids from a separator upstream of the at least one seal pot; a substantially non-circular cross section; or both at least one penetration through a surface other than the top of the seal pot and a substantially non-circular cross section.

РЕАКТОР С ЦИРКУЛИРУЮЩИМ ПСЕВДООЖИЖЕННЫМ СЛОЕМ

FIELD: circulating fluidized bed reactors. SUBSTANCE: proposed reactor has furnace whose bottom part is provided with gas nozzles for fluidizing bet material supplied thereto, this furnace being bounded by vertical and flat first walls; particle separator designed to separate bed material from gas escaping from reactor; return channel for bed material coming from particle separator that communicates with first wall and has bottom part; gas seal disposed in bottom part of return channel that functions to prevent gas passage from furnace to return channel; intake cavity bounded by flat wall of water tube. Intake cavity may function as mentioned furnace with water tube wall being used as front wall or cavity communicating through gas flow passage with furnace; gas seal is joined with water tube wall that confines intake cavity so that horizontal cross-sectional area width of return channel bottom part, as measured in direction of first wall, is greater than depth perpendicular to mentioned width; gas seal has structural members incorporating water tube which are joined together and formed by water tubes bent out from water tube wall confining intake cavity; structural members separate certain part from circulating material bed in bottom part of return channel and form gas-seal channel bounded by seal structural members whose bottom parts have flow passage means communicating with return channel and in essence by front vertical wall whose upper part passes return flow through hole made in water tube wall confining intake cavity; mentioned structural members have side wall joined with front one and water tubes in water tube wall confining intake cavity which are bent out to cool down side wall and to form supporting structure for the latter. Structural members incorporate water tubes joined together and bent out from those in water tube wall confining intake cavity which are used to support water tube wall and to prevent reduction of water tube wall strength due to ...

HEATING STOVE WHICH INCLUDES A PYROLYSIS GASIFIER

HEATING STOVE WHICH INCLUDES A PYROLYSIS GASIFIER Abstract The heating stove system includes a fuel hop-per (10) from which fuel is fed into a pyrolysis gasifier (12) by means of a fuel auger apparatus (14). Controlling the entry of biomass input and air into the gasifier and ignition of the material in the gasifier is a head valve apparatus (16) which includes an igniter (129). The gasifier (12) in operation produces carbon and fuel gas which are moved into a stove burner (90) by a blower apparatus (18). The operation of the heating stove system is automatically controlled from a thermostat (150).

IN-BED SOLIDS CONTROL VALVE WITH IMPROVED RELIABILITY

КЛАПАН ДЛЯ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ ТВЕРДОЙ ФАЗЫ В ПСЕВДООЖИЖЕННОМ СЛОЕ, ОБЛАДАЮЩИЙ ПОВЫШЕННОЙ НАДЕЖНОСТЬЮ

FIELD: machine engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to reactor structures comprising a circulating fluidized layer and one or more bubbling fluidized layers, and also to non-mechanical valves to selectively control the flow of solid phase particles moving between zones with a slow bubbling layer and zones with highly fluidized circulating layers. The non-mechanical valve comprises a partition wall separating the two sections, an opening in the partition wall, independently adjustable fluidizing means arranged upstream or downstream relative to the opening, connected to the fluidizing medium supplying means and configured to selectively control the flow of the particulate solid phase passing through the opening, collectors connected to independently controlled fluidizing means, enabling the collection of any solid phase particles entering the fluidizing means so that the accumulated solid phase does not interfere with the supply of the fluidizing medium to the fluidizing means, and independently controlled solid phase removal means located upstream or downstream relative to the opening, designed to remove the solid phase and agglomerates. EFFECT: improved control of local fluidization and operation of non-mechanical valves. 36 cl, 10 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 627 866 C2 (51) МПК B01J 8/24 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2015118310, 27.08.2013 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 27.08.2013 Дата регистрации: (73) Патентообладатель(и): ТЕ БАБКОК ЭНД ВИЛКОКС КОМПАНИ (US) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 17.10.2012 US 13/653,636 (45) Опубликовано: 14.08.2017 Бюл. № 23 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 2011/0073049 A1, 31.03.2011. US 5365889 A, 22.11.1994. US 2006/0000143 A1, 05.01.2006. RU 2459659 C1, 27.08.2012. (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 18.05.2015 (86) Заявка PCT: US 2013/056724 ...

Heating stove which includes a pyrolysis gasifier

The heating stove system includes a fuel hopper (10) from which fuel is fed into a pyrolysis gasifier (12) by means of a fuel auger apparatus (14). Controlling the entry of biomass input and air into the gasifier and ignition of the material in the gasifier is a head valve apparatus (16) which includes an igniter (129). The gasifier (12) in operation produces carbon and fuel gas which are moved into a stove burner (90) by a blower apparatus (18). The operation of the heating stove system is automatically controlled from a thermostat (150).

REACTOR WITH CIRCULATING FLUIDISED BED

SEAL POT DESIGN

An apparatus including at least one seal pot having at least one penetration through a surface other than the top of the seal pot, each of the at least one penetrations being configured for introduction, into the at least one seal pot, of solids from a separator upstream of the at least one seal pot; a substantially non-circular cross section; or both at least one penetration through a surface other than the top of the seal pot and a substantially non-circular cross section.

КЛАПАН ДЛЯ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ ТВЕРДОЙ ФАЗЫ В ПСЕВДООЖИЖЕННОМ СЛОЕ, ОБЛАДАЮЩИЙ ПОВЫШЕННОЙ НАДЕЖНОСТЬЮ

1. Котел с циркулирующим псевдоожиженным слоем, содержащий:реакционную камеру котла с циркулирующим псевдоожиженным слоем, содержащую боковые стенки и распределительную решетку, образующую днище на нижнем конце реакционной камеры котла с циркулирующим псевдоожиженным слоем и выполненную с возможностью подачи псевдоожижающего газа в реакционную камеру котла с циркулирующим псевдоожиженным слоем;барботажный псевдоожиженный слой, созданный в пределах нижней части реакционной камеры котла с циркулирующим псевдоожиженным слоем и ограниченный ограждающими стенками и днищем реакционной камеры котла с циркулирующим псевдоожиженным слоем;по меньшей мере, один регулируемый погруженный в слой теплообменник, при этом указанный погруженный в псевдоожиженный слой теплообменник перекрывает часть днища реакционной камеры котла с циркулирующим псевдоожиженным слоем и находится с внутренней стороны ограждающих стенок секции с барботажным псевдоожиженным слоем;по меньшей мере, один немеханический клапан, выполненный с возможностью обеспечения регулирования отвода твердых частиц из барботажного псевдоожиженного слоя в циркулирующий псевдоожиженный слой реакционной камеры котла; при этом указанный клапан содержит, по меньшей мере, одно отверстие в ограждающей стенке барботажного псевдоожиженного слоя и, по меньшей мере, одно независимо регулируемое средство псевдоожижения, размещенное, по меньшей мере, выше или ниже по потоку относительно указанного отверстия;указанное, по меньшей мере, одно независимо регулируемое средство псевдоожижения соединено каждое с соответствующим средством подачи РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (51) МПК B01J 8/24 (11) (13) 2015 118 310 A (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2015118310, 27.08.2013 (71) Заявитель(и): ТЕ БАБКОК ЭНД ВИЛКОКС КОМПАНИ (US) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 17.10.2012 US 13/653,636 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 18.05.2015 (86) ...

ТЕПЛООБМЕННИК С ПСЕВДООЖИЖЕННЫМ СЛОЕМ

Изобретение относится к области теплотехники и может быть использовано в котлах с псевдоожиженным слоем. Предложен теплообменник (10) с псевдоожиженным слоем котла (12) с псевдоожиженным слоем, причем теплообменник содержит переднюю стенку (16), смежную с котлом с псевдоожиженным слоем, заднюю стенку (18), противоположную передней стенке, и две боковые стенки (60, 60′), при этом стенки сформированы как водотрубные панели, входное отверстие (24), расположенное в первой секции верхней части теплообменника для подачи горячих частиц из котла с псевдоожиженным слоем в теплообменник, теплопередающие поверхности (34) для извлечения тепла из частиц и выходное отверстие (36), расположенное во второй секции верхней части теплообменника, для возвращения охлажденных частиц в качестве перелива из теплообменника назад в котел с псевдоожиженным слоем, в котором теплообменник содержит разделительную перегородку (26) между первой (38) и второй (40) секциями верхней части теплообменника, при этом разделительная перегородка проходит от передней стенки до срединного сечения теплообменника, и разделительная перегородка сформирована посредством изгибания кипятильных труб, по меньшей мере, от одной боковой стенки (60, 60′) теплообменника. Технический результат - уменьшение габаритов теплообменника. 10 з. п. ф-лы, 2 ил.

In-bed solids control valve with improved reliability

A non-mechanical valve arrangement for use with circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers has a CFB reaction chamber and a bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) within an enclosure in the lower portion of the CFB reaction chamber, the BFB containing an in-bed heat exchanger (IBHX). Solids flowing from the BFB enclosure to the CFB reaction chamber may be controlled using one or more non-mechanical valves. Each non-mechanical valve is independently controlled using independently controlled fluidizing means. The non-mechanical valve has collectors to collect solids backsifting into the fluidizing means of the valve. Agglomerates are removed which could block the valve. Channel walls parallel to the direction of solids flow through the valve opening may be provided to reduce external interference with local fluidization to maintain the proper functionality of the non-mechanical valve.

In-bed solids control valve with improved reliability

A non-mechanical valve arrangement for use with circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers has a CFB reaction chamber and a bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) within an enclosure in the lower portion of the CFB reaction chamber, the BFB containing an in-bed heat exchanger (IBHX). Solids flowing from the BFB enclosure to the CFB reaction chamber may be controlled using one or more non-mechanical valves. Each non-mechanical valve is independently controlled using independently controlled fluidizing means. The non-mechanical valve has collectors to collect solids backsifting into the fluidizing means of the valve. Agglomerates are removed which could block the valve. Channel walls parallel to the direction of solids flow through the valve opening may be provided to reduce external interference with local fluidization to maintain the proper functionality of the non-mechanical valve.

CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR

L'invention porte sur un réacteur à lit fluidisé circulant comportant un four (20), délimité par une première paroi (12) sensiblement verticale et plane, et un séparateur de particules présentant un conduit de retour (40) contigu à ladite paroi. A la partie inférieure du conduit de retour se trouve un joint étanche aux gaz contigu à la paroi plane du tube, ladite paroi étant la susdite paroi plane (12) ou une paroi (16) délimitant un espace communiquant pour les gaz avec le four. La largeur de la section transversale horizontale de la partie inférieure du conduit de retour mesurée dans la direction de la première paroi est plus importante que sa profondeur mesurée perpendiculairement à ladite largeur. Le joint étanche aux gaz comporte une structure de tubes à eau recourbés à partir de ladite paroi du tube (12, 16).

IN-BED SOLIDS CONTROL VALVE WITH IMPROVED RELIABILITY

A non-mechanical valve arrangement for use with circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers has a CFB reaction chamber and a bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) within an enclosure in the lower portion of the CFB reaction chamber, the BFB containing an in-bed heat exchanger (IBHX). Solids flowing from the BFB enclosure to the CFB reaction chamber may be controlled using one or more non-mechanical valves. Each non-mechanical valve is independently controlled using independently controlled fluidizing means. The non-mechanical valve has collectors to collect solids backsifting into the fluidizing means of the valve. Agglomerates are removed which could block the valve. Channel walls parallel to the direction of solids flow through the valve opening may be provided to reduce external interference with local fluidization to maintain the proper functionality of the non-mechanical valve.

System and method and apparatus for maintaining a pressure balance in a solids flow loop and for controlling the flow of solids therethrough

A system includes a standpipe for receiving a flow of solids therethrough, the standpipe having at least one inlet configured to receive a gas for decreasing a solids-to-gas ratio of the flow, a sealpot having an inlet fluidly coupled to the standpipe and an outlet fluidly coupled to a riser, the sealpot being configured to fluidize the solids received from the standpipe and to transport the solids to the riser, and a drain device fluidly coupled to an outlet in the standpipe, the outlet being located upstream from the inlet of the sealpot. The drain device is configured to remove the excess gas from the flow of solids within the standpipe to increase the solids-to-gas ratio of the flow prior to the solids entering the sealpot.

Circulating fluidized bed reactor

Wirbelschichtfeuerung

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Wirbelschichtfeuerung mit einem Verbrennungs-Wirbelbett (6a), dem zu verfeuernde Brennstoffe zugeführt werden und mit einem Wärmetauscher-Wirbelbett (6b), dem Tauchheizflächen (17) zugeordnet sind. Ein Wärmeaustrag aus dem Verbrennungs-Wirbelbett (6a) wird dadurch hergestellt, indem Bettmaterial vom Verbrennungs-Wirbelbett (6a) zum Wärmetauscher-Wirbelbett (6b) geführt ist. Eine Rückführeinheit ist vorgesehen, mittels derer ein kontinuierlicher, regelbarer Materialkreislauf zwischen dem Verbrennungs-Wirbelbett und dem Wärmetauscher-Wirbelbett verwirklicht wird. Die Rückführeinheit kann als Rohrkonstruktion oder stark expandiertes Wirbelbett ausgebildet sein. Mehrere Systeme können zu größeren Einheiten zusammengefasst werden.

Circulating fluidized bed reactor

一种循环的流化床反应器，其包括一个炉子(20)，该炉子由基本上竖直且平面的第一壁(12)形成，以及一个颗粒分离器，它有一个邻近该第一壁的返回管道(40)。在返回管道的下部设有一个邻近平面的管壁的气体密封装置，该壁是平面壁(12)，或者是形成与炉子在气体流动上是连通的空间的一个壁(16)。返回管道的下部在第一壁的方向上测量的水平截面的宽度比它的与该宽度垂直方向上测量的深度大。气体密封装置包括一个密封结构，此结构包括由管道壁(12、16)弯曲的水管。

System, method and apparatus for maintaining a pressure balance in a solids flow loop and for controlling the flow of solids therethrough

IN-BED SOLIDS CONTROL VALVE WITH IMPROVED RELIABILITY

A non-mechanical valve arrangement for use with circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers has a CFB reaction chamber and a bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) within an enclosure in the lower portion of the CFB reaction chamber, the BFB containing an in-bed heat exchanger (IBHX). Solids flowing from the BFB enclosure to the CFB reaction chamber may be controlled using one or more non-mechanical valves. Each non-mechanical valve is independently controlled using independently controlled fluidizing means. The non-mechanical valve has collectors to collect solids backsifting into the fluidizing means of the valve. Agglomerates are removed which could block the valve. Channel walls parallel to the direction of solids flow through the valve opening may be provided to reduce external interference with local fluidization to maintain the proper functionality of the non-mechanical valve.

HEATING STOVE WHICH INCLUDES A PYROLYSIS GASIFIER

The heating stove system includes a fuel hopper (10) from which fuel is fed into a pyrolysis gasifier (12) by means of a fuel auger apparatus (14). Controlling the entry of biomass input and air into the gasifier and ignition of the material in the gasifier is a head valve apparatus (16) which includes an igniter (129). The gasifier (12) in operation produces carbon and fuel gas which are moved into a stove burner (90) by a blower apparatus (18). The operation of the heating stove system is automatically controlled from a thermostat (150).

Circulating fluidized bed reactor

SYSTEM, METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING THE FLOW DIRECTION, FLOW RATE AND TEMPERATURE OF SOLIDS

An apparatus for controlling flow of a material includes an inlet for receiving the material from a source, and a seal mechanism connected to the inlet, the seal mechanism having a fluidizing bed configured to receive the material from the inlet, a first discharge passageway and a second discharge passageway. The fluidizing bed includes a first transport zone associated with the first discharge passageway and a second transport zone associated with the second discharge passageway, wherein the first and second transport zones are configured to receive transport gas from a transport gas source. The transport gas is controllable to selectively divert a flow of the material into the first discharge passageway and the second discharge passageway.

SEAL POT DESIGN

An apparatus including at least one seal pot having at least one penetration through a surface other than the top of the seal pot, each of the at least one penetrations being configured for introduction, into the at least one seal pot, of solids from a separator upstream of the at least one seal pot; a substantially non-circular cross section; or both at least one penetration through a surface other than the top of the seal pot and a substantially non-circular cross section.

Prepn. of carbon black with large specific surface area or controlled size

Prepn. of C black comprises (1) a combustion stage to produce a high temp. combustion gas stream (I); (2) a reaction stage for introducing a hydrocarbon (II) used as starting material into (I) under a pressure not less than 0.5 kg/cm2, measured at the valve, to convert (II) to C black by thermal decomposition; and (3) a reaction stopping stage, in which reaction is stopped by rapid cooling of the reaction mixt. stream (III), for C black recovery. Also claimed is the appts. used.

SEAL POT DESIGN

An apparatus including at least one seal pot having at least one penetration through a surface other than the top of the seal pot, each of the at least one penetrations being configured for introduction, into the at least one seal pot, of solids from a separator upstream of the at least one seal pot; a substantially non-circular cross section; or both at least one penetration through a surface other than the top of the seal pot and a substantially non-circular cross section.

SEAL POT DESIGN

An apparatus including at least one seal pot having at least one penetration through a surface other than the top of the seal pot, each of the at least one penetrations being configured for introduction, into the at least one seal pot, of solids from a separator upstream of the at least one seal pot; a substantially non-circular cross section; or both at least one penetration through a surface other than the top of the seal pot and a substantially non-circular cross section.

CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR

FLUIDIZED BED HEAT EXCHANGER

A fluidized bed heat exchanger (10) of a fluidized bed boiler (12), the heat exchanger comprising a front wall (16) adjacent the fluidized bed boiler, a rear wall (18) opposite to the front wall and two side walls (60,60'), the walls being formed as water tube panels, an inlet opening (24) arranged in a first section of an upper portion of the heat exchanger for introducing hot particles from the fluidized bed boiler to the heat exchanger, heat exchange surfaces (34) for recovering heat from the particles and an outlet opening (36) arranged in a second section of the upper portion of the heat exchanger for returning cooled particles as an overflow from the heat exchanger back to the fluidized bed boiler, wherein the heat exchanger comprises a partition wall (26) between the first (38) and second (40) sections of the upper portion of the heat exchanger, wherein the partition wall extends from the front wall to a center section of the heat exchanger, and the partition wall is formed by bending ...

유동층 열교환기

... 본 발명은 유동층 보일러 (12) 의 유동층 열교환기 (10) 로서, 상기 열교환기는 상기 유동층 보일러에 인접한 전방 벽 (16), 상기 전방 벽의 반대편에 있는 후방 벽 (18) 및 두 개의 측방 벽들 (60, 60') 을 포함하고, 벽들은 수관 패널들로서 형성되고, 또한 상기 열교환기는 상기 유동층 보일러로부터 상기 열교환기까지 고온 입자들을 도입하기 위해 상기 열교환기의 상부 부분의 제 1 섹션에 배치된 입구 개구 (24), 상기 입자들로부터 열을 회수하기 위한 열교환 표면 (34) 및 상기 열교환기로부터 상기 유동층 보일러까지 다시 냉각 입자들을 오버플로우로서 복귀시키기 위해 상기 열교환기의 상기 상부 부분의 제 2 섹션에 배치된 출구 개구 (36) 를 포함하고, 상기 열교환기는 상기 열교환기의 상기 상부 부분의 상기 제 1 섹션 (38) 과 상기 제 2 섹션 (40) 사이의 격벽 (26) 을 포함하고, 상기 격벽은 상기 전방 벽으로부터 상기 열교환기의 중심 섹션까지 연장하고, 상기 격벽은 상기 열교환기의 적어도 하나의 측방 벽 (60, 60') 으로부터의 수관들을 굽힘으로써 형성되는, 유동층 열교환기에 관한 것이다.

HEATING STOVE WHICH INCLUDES A PYROLYSIS GASIFIER

UN APARATO CALEFACTOR QUE TIENE UN GASIFICADOR DE PIROLISIS, QUE COMPRENDE UN RECIPIENTE DE COMBUSTIBLE QUE TIENE UN ALIMENTADOR DE COMBUSTIBLE QUE SE EXTIENDE DESDE EL MISMO EL CUAL ESTA CONECTADO A UNA VALVULA DE CARGA EN LA PORCION SUPERIOR DE UN GASIFICADOR DE PIROLISIS, TENIENDO EL GASIFICADOR UN VENTILADOR EN SU EXTREMO INFERIOR EL CUAL ESTA CONECTADO A LA UNIDAD QUEMADORA DEL CALEFACTOR, INCLUYENDO ADEMAS EL GASIFICADOR UN CONTROL CONECTADO A UN TERMOSTATO (PARA CARGAR LA VALVULA), UN ENCENDEDOR DEL GASIFICADOR EL CUAL ESTA CONECTADO AL TERMOSTATO Y ES CONTROLADO POR EL MISMO, Y UN CONTROL DE GASIFICADOR QUE ESTA CONECTADO AL TERMOSTATO, AL VENTILADOR, A LA VALVULA DE CARGA Y AL QUEMADOR DEL CALEFACTOR (PARA TERMINAR LA OPERACION DEL GASIFICADOR).

REAKTOR MIT ZIRKULIERENDER WIRBELSCHICHT

IN-BED SOLIDS CONTROL VALVE WITH IMPROVED RELIABILITY

REAKTOR MIT ZIRKULIERENDER WIRBELSCHICHT

개선된 신뢰성을 가진 인-베드 고형물질 제어밸브

... 순환하는 유동층(circulating fluidized bed (CFB))을 가지고 사용하기 위한 비-기계식 밸브 배치는 CFB 연소실 및 CFB 연소실의 하부 부분에서 밀폐체 내에 기포 유동층(a bubbling fluidized bed (BFB))을 가지고, BFB는 인-베드 열교환기(an in-bed heat exchanger (IBHX))를 포함한다. BFB 밀폐체에서 CFB 연소실로 유동하는 고형물질은 하나 이상의 비-기계식 밸브를 사용하여 제어되어진다. 각 비-기계식 밸브는 독립적으로 제어된 유동화 수단을 사용하여 독립적으로 제어된다. 비-기계식 밸브는 밸브의 유동화 수단으로 백시프팅하는 고형물질을 수집하는 집진장치를 가지고 있다. 덩어리들은 밸브를 차단하여 제거된다. 밸브 개구부를 통하여 고형물질 유동 방향에 평행한 채널 벽들은 비-기계식 밸브의 적절한 기능성을 유지하도록 국소 유동화와 외부 간섭을 감소시키기 위하여 제공된다.

Heating stove which includes a pyrolysis gasifier

The heating stove system includes a fuel hopper (10) from which fuel is fed into a pyrolysis gasifier (12) by means of a fuel auger apparatus (14). Controlling the entry of biomass input and air into the gasifier and ignition of the material in the gasifier is a head valve apparatus (16) which includes an igniter (129). The gasifier (12) in operation produces carbon and fuel gas which are moved into a stove burner (90) by a blower apparatus (18). The operation of the heating stove system is automatically controlled from a thermostat (150).

IN-BED SOLIDS CONTROL VALVE WITH IMPROVED RELIABILITY

A non-mechanical valve arrangement for use with circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers has a CFB reaction chamber and a bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) within an enclosure in the lower portion of the CFB reaction chamber, the BFB containing an in-bed heat exchanger (IBHX). Solids flowing from the BFB enclosure to the CFB reaction chamber may be controlled using one or more non-mechanical valves. Each non-mechanical valve is independently controlled using independently controlled fluidizing means. The non-mechanical valve has collectors to collect solids backsifting into the fluidizing means of the valve. Agglomerates are removed which could block the valve. Channel walls parallel to the direction of solids flow through the valve opening may be provided to reduce external interference with local fluidization to maintain the proper functionality of the non-mechanical valve.

流動層熱交換器

... 流動層ボイラ１２の流動層熱交換器１０であって、流動層ボイラに隣接した前壁１６と、前壁に向かい合った後壁１８と、２つの側壁６０、６０’とを有し、それぞれの壁が水管パネルとして形成されており、熱交換器はまた、流動層ボイラから熱交換器に高温の粒子を導入するための、熱交換器の上方部分の第１のセクションに配置された入口開口部２４と、粒子から熱を回収するための熱交換面３４と、冷却された粒子をオーバーフローとして熱交換器から流動層ボイラに戻すための、熱交換器の上方部分の第２のセクションに配置された出口開口部３６とを有し、また熱交換器はさらに、熱交換器の上方部分の第１のセクション３８と第２のセクション４０との間に隔壁２６を有し、隔壁は、前壁から熱交換器の中央セクションまで延び、また隔壁は、熱交換器の少なくとも１つの側壁６０、６０’から水管を曲げることによって形成される、流動層熱交換器１０。 ...

METHOD OF PREVENTING BLOCKAGE OF CIRCULATING BED MATERIAL IN A CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR ARRANGEMENT

A method of preventing blockage of circulating bed material in a circulating fluidized bed reactor includes collecting a continuously flowing bed of solid particles in a gas lock in a return leg of a reactor, measuring gas lock bed pressure values within the bed of the particles, generating a gas lock bed height indication signal on the basis of measured gas lock bed pressure values. A definition stage includes defining and storing to a control system a range of normal gas lock bed height indication signals, formed in normal circulation flow conditions, as a function of the reactor load, and defining and storing to the digital control system a reactor load dependent alarm criterion. The method includes comparing a current gas lock bed height indication signal with the reactor load dependent alarm criterion, and decreasing the reactor load if the current indication signal fulfils the reactor load dependent alarm criterion.

System, method and apparatus for controlling the flow direction, flow rate and temperature of solids

An apparatus for controlling flow of a material includes an inlet for receiving the material from a source, and a seal mechanism connected to the inlet, the seal mechanism having a fluidizing bed configured to receive the material from the inlet, a first discharge passageway and a second discharge passageway. The fluidizing bed includes a first transport zone associated with the first discharge passageway and a second transport zone associated with the second discharge passageway, wherein the first and second transport zones are configured to receive transport gas from a transport gas source. The transport gas is controllable to selectively divert a flow of the material into the first discharge passageway and the second discharge passageway.

SEAL POT DESIGN

SEAL POT DESIGN

High temperature and high pressure solid processing system

A METHOD OF PREVENTING BLOCKAGE OF CIRCULATING BED MATERIAL IN A CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR ARRANGEMENT

A method of preventing blockage of circulating bed material in a circulating fluidized bed reactor arrangement (10), the method comprising steps of: collecting a continuously flowing bed (52, 54) of the solid particles in a gas lock in the return leg of the reactor, measuring gas lock bed pressure values within the continuously flowing bed of the solid particles, forming a gas lock bed height indication signal on the basis of measured gas lock bed pressure values, and a definition stage of the method comprises defining and storing to a digital control system a range of normal gas lock bed height indication signals, formed in normal solid particles circulation flow conditions, as a function of the reactor load, and defining and storing to the digital control system a reactor load dependent alarm criterion, the fulfillment of which comprises that a current gas lock bed height indication signal is outside the range of normal gas lock bed height indication signals for the prevailing reactor load, and a stage of using the method comprises comparing a current gas lock bed height indication signal with the reactor load dependent alarm criterion, and decreasing the reactor load in case the current gas lock bed height indication signal fulfils the reactor load dependent alarm criterion, for preventing blockage of the gas lock.

CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED BOILER AND A METHOD FOR OPERATING A CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED BOILER

A method for operating a circulating fluidized bed boiler (100). The method comprises combusting fuel in a furnace (130) thereby producing a mixture (M) comprising flue gas and bed material; separating from the mixture (M) a bed material fraction (BM) and a flue gas fraction (FG) with the particle separator (140); and conveying at least a part of the bed material fraction (BM) from the particle separator to a first heat exchanger (200) comprising a heat exchanger tube (201) arranged upstream from the furnace (130). The method further comprises feeding a sulphur-containing reagent (R) to the bed material fraction (BM) upstream from the heat exchanger tube (201). A fluidized bed boiler suitable for use in the context of the method. The circulating fluidized bed boiler (100) comprises a sulphur removal unit (500) for removing sulphur from the flue gas fraction (FG), a second heat exchanger (410, 420) configured to recover heat from the flue gas fraction (FG), and a pipeline (412) configured to convey heat exchange medium from the second heat exchanger (410, 420) to the first heat exchanger (200).

Circulating fluidized bed reactor

HEATING STOVE WHICH INCLUDES A PYROLYSIS GASIFIER

The heating stove system includes a fuel hopper (10) from which fuel is fed into a pyrolysis gasifier (12) by means of a fuel auger apparatus (14). Controlling the entry of biomass input and air into the gasifier and ignition of the material in the gasifier is a head valve apparatus (16) which includes an igniter (129). The gasifier (12) in operation produces carbon and fuel gas which are moved into a stove burner (90) by a blower apparatus (18). The operation of the heating stove system is automatically controlled from a thermostat (150).

SYSTEM AND METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAINTAINING A PRESSURE BALANCE IN A SOLIDS FLOW LOOP AND FOR CONTROLLING THE FLOW OF SOLIDS THERETHROUGH

A system includes a standpipe for receiving a flow of solids therethrough, the standpipe having at least one inlet configured to receive a gas for decreasing a solids-to-gas ratio of the flow, a sealpot having an inlet fluidly coupled to the standpipe and an outlet fluidly coupled to a riser, the sealpot being configured to fluidize the solids received from the standpipe and to transport the solids to the riser, and a drain device fluidly coupled to an outlet in the standpipe, the outlet being located upstream from the inlet of the sealpot. The drain device is configured to remove the excess gas from the flow of solids within the standpipe to increase the solids-to-gas ratio of the flow prior to the solids entering the sealpot.

System, method and apparatus for maintaining a pressure balance in a solids flow loop and for controlling the flow of solids therethrough

A system includes a standpipe for receiving a flow of solids therethrough, the standpipe having at least one inlet configured to receive a gas for decreasing a solids-to-gas ratio of the flow, a sealpot having an inlet fluidly coupled to the standpipe and an outlet fluidly coupled to a riser, the sealpot being configured to fluidize the solids received from the standpipe and to transport the solids to the riser, and a drain device fluidly coupled to an outlet in the standpipe, the outlet being located upstream from the inlet of the sealpot. The drain device is configured to remove the excess gas from the flow of solids within the standpipe to increase the solids-to-gas ratio of the flow prior to the solids entering the sealpot.

Fluidized bed heat exchanger

System, method and apparatus for controlling the flow direction, flow rate and temperature of solids

An apparatus for controlling flow of a material includes an inlet for receiving the material from a source, and a seal mechanism connected to the inlet, the seal mechanism having a fluidizing bed configured to receive the material from the inlet, a first discharge passageway and a second discharge passageway. The fluidizing bed includes a first transport zone associated with the first discharge passageway and a second transport zone associated with the second discharge passageway, wherein the first and second transport zones are configured to receive transport gas from a transport gas source. The transport gas is controllable to selectively divert a flow of the material into the first discharge passageway and the second discharge passageway.

Una valvula para usar con calderas de lecho fluido circulante y su método para prevenir la aglomeración de solidos

CALDERA DE LECHO FLUIDIZADO CIRCULANTE QUE COMPRENDE UNA CAMARA DE REACCION CON PAREDES LATERALES Y UNA RED DE DISTRIBUCION, UN LECHO FLUIDIZADO BURBUJEANTE, AL MENOS UN INTERCAMBIADOR DE CALOR INTRA-LECHO CONTROLABLE, Y AL MENOS UNA VALVULA NO MECANICA; DISPOSICION DE VALVULA; METODO.

High temperature and pressure solids handling system

A fluidized bed gasification system which comprises a fluidized bed gasification reactor having a bottom ash discharge outlet below the reactor, wherein an L-valve is used to control the rate of bottom ash discharge. The L-valve uses an aeration port located on distal side of the L-valve vertical pipe at a location that is above the center line of the horizontal pipe. Also provided are methods of controlling the bottom ash discharge as well the fluidized reaction bed height of the system.

HEATING STOVE WHICH INCLUDES PYROLYSIS GASIFIER

FLUIDIZED BED BOILER AND CONSOLIDATED PRODUCTION OF VALVE FLOW CONTROL OF SOLIDS

Circulating fluidized bed reactor

A circulating fluidized bed reactor includes a furnace, defined by a substantially vertical and planar first wall, and a particle separator having a return duct adjacent to the first wall. In the lower part of the return duct is arranged a gas seal adjacent to a planar tube wall, which wall is the planar wall or a wall defining a space in gas flow connection with the furnace. The width of the horizontal cross section of the lower part of the return duct, measured in the direction of the first wall, is larger than its depth, measured perpendicular to the width. The gas seal includes a seal structure that includes water tubes bent from the tube wall.

HIGH TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE SOLIDS HANDLING SYSTEM

A fluidized bed gasification system which comprises a fluidized bed gasification reactor having a bottom ash discharge outlet below the reactor, wherein an L-valve is used to control the rate of bottom ash discharge. The L-valve uses an aeration port located on distal side of the L-valve vertical pipe at a location that is above the center line of the horizontal pipe. Also provided are methods of controlling the bottom ash discharge as well the fluidized reaction bed height of the system.

válvula de controle de sólidos embutidos com confiabilidade aperfeiçoada

resumo "válvula de controle de sólidos embutidos com confiabilidade aperfeiçoada" uma disposição de válvula não mecânica para uso com aquecedores de lei-to fluidificado circulante (cfb) possui uma câmara de reação cfb e um leito fluidifi-cado borbulhante (bfb) dentro de um recinto na parte inferior da câmara de reação cfb, o bfb contendo um permutador de calor embutido (ibhx). os sólidos fluindo a partir do recinto bfb para a câmara de reação cfb podem ser controlados utilizando-se uma ou mais válvulas não mecânicas. cada válvula não mecânica é controlada independentemente utilizando-se os meios de fluidificação controlados independentemente. a válvula não mecânica possui coletores para coletar os sólidos retornados para dentro dos meios de fluidificação da válvula. os aglomerados são removidos e podem bloquear a válvula. as paredes do canal paralelas à direção do fluxo de sólidos através da abertura de válvula podem ser fornecidas para reduzir a interferência externa com a fluidificação local para manter a funcionalidade adequada da válvula não mecânica.

HEATING STOVE WITH PYROLYSIS GASIFIER

The bed has the advantages of improving the reliability of the solid control valve

Fluidized bed heat exchanger

一种流化床锅炉(12)的流化床换热器(10)，该换热器包括：前壁(16)，其与流化床锅炉相邻；后壁(18)，其与前壁对置；以及两个侧壁(60、60')，该壁形成为水管面板；入口开口(24)，其布置在换热器的上部部分的第一区段中，以用于从流化床锅炉向换热器引入热颗粒；换热表面(34)，其用于从颗粒回收热；以及出口开口(36)，其布置在换热器的上部部分的第二区段中，以用于将冷却的颗粒作为溢流从换热器返还回流化床锅炉，其中，换热器包括在换热器的上部部分的第一区段(38)和第二区段(40)之间的间隔壁(26)，其中，间隔壁从前壁延伸至换热器的中心区段，并且间隔壁通过从换热器的至少一个侧壁(60、60')弯曲水管形成。

Valve control of solids in bed with improved reliability

Una caldera de lecho fluidizado circulante que comprende: una cámara de reacción de caldera de lecho fluidizado circulante (1) que comprende paredes laterales y una rejilla de distribución (9) para proporcionar gas fluidizante en la cámara de reacción de caldera de lecho fluidizado circulante; un lecho fluidizado burbujeante en un compartimento que incluye al menos una pared de cerramiento (30); al menos un intercambiador de calor en lecho controlable (3), el intercambiador de calor en lecho que se ubica dentro del compartimento que comprende el lecho fluidizado burbujeante; al menos una válvula no mecánica (40) adaptada para controlar descarga de sólidos desde el lecho fluidizado burbujeante a la cámara de reacción de caldera de lecho fluidizado circulante, comprendiendo la válvula al menos una abertura en la pared de cerramiento, e incluyendo al menos un medio fluidizante controlado independientemente ubicado al menos en uno de corriente arriba y corriente abajo de la abertura; y el al menos un medio fluidizante controlado independientemente (86, 87, 94, 95) conectándose a un medio de suministro de medios de fluidización, el medio fluidizante controlado independientemente adaptado para controlar un caudal de sólidos desde el lecho fluidizado burbujeante a la cámara de reacción de caldera de lecho fluidizado circulante, el medio fluidizante controlado independientemente que se controla por separado de la rejilla de distribución; caracterizado por colectores (92, 93) vinculados al uno o más medios fluidizantes controlados independientemente, los colectores adaptándose para recoger sólidos en el caso de marcha atrás de los sólidos en el medio fluidizante de manera que los sólidos recogidos no obstruyen un suministro del medio de fluidización. A circulating fluidized bed boiler comprising: a circulating fluidized bed boiler reaction chamber (1) comprising side walls and a distribution grid (9) to provide fluidizing gas in the circulating fluidized bed boiler reaction ...

In-bed solids control valve with improved reliability

Circulating fluidized bed reactor

In-bed solids control valve with improved reliability

一种与循环流化床(CFB)一起使用的非机械阀装置，具有CFB反应室和位于该CFB反应室下部中的围封体内的鼓泡流化床(BFB)，该BFB含有床内热交换器(IBHX)。从BFB围封体流到CFB反应室的固体可以通过一个或多个非机械阀而得到控制。通过独立受控流化装置来独立控制每个非机械阀。非机械阀具有收集器以将回筛到所述阀的流化装置中的固体进行收集。去除可能堵塞该阀的团块。平行于固体流过阀开口的方向的通道壁可以设置成减少与局部流化的外部干涉，以维持非机械阀的合适功能。

Fluidized bed heat exchanger

본 발명은 유동층 보일러 (12) 의 유동층 열교환기 (10) 로서, 상기 열교환기는 상기 유동층 보일러에 인접한 전방 벽 (16), 상기 전방 벽의 반대편에 있는 후방 벽 (18) 및 두 개의 측방 벽들 (60, 60') 을 포함하고, 벽들은 수관 패널들로서 형성되고, 또한 상기 열교환기는 상기 유동층 보일러로부터 상기 열교환기까지 고온 입자들을 도입하기 위해 상기 열교환기의 상부 부분의 제 1 섹션에 배치된 입구 개구 (24), 상기 입자들로부터 열을 회수하기 위한 열교환 표면 (34) 및 상기 열교환기로부터 상기 유동층 보일러까지 다시 냉각 입자들을 오버플로우로서 복귀시키기 위해 상기 열교환기의 상기 상부 부분의 제 2 섹션에 배치된 출구 개구 (36) 를 포함하고, 상기 열교환기는 상기 열교환기의 상기 상부 부분의 상기 제 1 섹션 (38) 과 상기 제 2 섹션 (40) 사이의 격벽 (26) 을 포함하고, 상기 격벽은 상기 전방 벽으로부터 상기 열교환기의 중심 섹션까지 연장하고, 상기 격벽은 상기 열교환기의 적어도 하나의 측방 벽 (60, 60') 으로부터의 수관들을 굽힘으로써 형성되는, 유동층 열교환기에 관한 것이다. The present invention is a fluidized bed heat exchanger (10) of a fluidized bed boiler (12), wherein the heat exchanger is a front wall (16) adjacent to the fluidized bed boiler, a rear wall (18) opposite the front wall and two side walls (60). , 60'), and the walls are formed as water pipe panels, and the heat exchanger is also provided with an inlet opening disposed in the first section of the upper part of the heat exchanger to introduce hot particles from the fluidized bed boiler to the heat exchanger ( 24) disposed in a second section of the upper portion of the heat exchanger to return the cooling particles from the heat exchanger to the fluidized-bed boiler back as an overflow, and a heat exchange surface 34 for recovering heat from the particles. And an outlet opening (36), said heat exchanger comprising a partition wall (26) between said first section (38) and said second section (40) of said upper portion of said heat exchanger, said partition wall being said front side It extends from a wall to a central section of the heat exchanger, and the partition wall relates to a fluidized bed heat exchanger, which is formed by bending water pipes from at least one lateral wall (60, 60') of the heat exchanger.

A fluidized bed boiler and a method for operating a circulating fluidized bed boiler

A method for operating a circulating fluidized bed boiler (100). The method comprises combusting fuel in a furnace (130) thereby producing a mixture (M) comprising flue gas and bed material; separating from the mixture (M) a bed material fraction (BM) and a flue gas fraction (FG) with the particle separator (140); and conveying at least a part of the bed material fraction (BM) from the particle separator to a first heat exchanger (200) comprising a heat exchanger tube (201) arranged upstream from the furnace (130). The method further comprises feeding a sulphur-containing reagent (R) to the bed material fraction (BM) upstream from the heat exchanger tube (201). A fluidized bed boiler suitable for use in the context of the method.

Reaktor mit zirkulierender wirbelschicht

循環流動床反応器構成内の循環する床材料の閉塞を防止する方法

超临界cfb锅炉床温控制系统和控制方法

本发明公开了一种超临界CFB锅炉床温控制系统和控制方法。该超临界CFB锅炉床温控制系统可包括多组床温控制装置，每一组所述床温控制装置可包括被布置在炉膛两侧的钢架副跨内的旋风分离器、被布置在所述旋风分离器下的回料器和外置床，所述外置床中具有用于控制床温的换热器，旋风分离器分离出的物料进入回料器，回料器中的物料被分为两部分，一部分直接返回超临界CFB锅炉的炉膛，另一部分通过外置床后返回炉膛。可将锅炉负荷的前馈作用于回料器的阀门，并且在该阀门的控制信号上叠加小幅振荡信号。本发明能使床温控制快速响应于实际工况，并使得床温控制独立于再热汽温调整，实现稳定、快速、准确的床温控制。

Método de prevenção de bloqueio de material de leito circulante em uma disposição de reator de leito fluidizado circulante

MÉTODO DE PREVENÇÃO DE BLOQUEIO DE MATERIAL DE LEITO CIRCULANTE EM UMA DISPOSIÇÃO DE REATOR DE LEITO FLUIDIZADO CIRCULANTE. Método para evitar bloqueio de material de leito circulante em uma disposição de reator de leito fluidizado circulante (10), o método compreendendo as etapas de: recolher um leito de fluxo contínuo (52, 54) das partículas sólidas em uma eclusa de gás na perna de retorno do reator, medir os valores de pressão do leito da eclusa de gás dentro do leito de fluxo contínuo das partículas sólidas, formar um sinal de indicação de altura do leito da eclusa de gás com base nos valores medidos da pressão do leito da eclusa de gás, e um estágio de definição do método compreende definir e armazenar em um sistema de controle digital uma faixa de sinais normais de indicação de altura do leito de eclusa de gás formados em condições de fluxo de circulação de partículas sólidas normal em função da carga do reator, e definir e armazenar no sistema de controle digital um critério de alarme dependente da carga do reator, cujo cumprimento compreende que um sinal de indicação de altura do leito da eclusa de gás atual está fora da faixa dos sinais normais de indicação de altura do leito da eclusa de gás para a carga do reator predominante, e um estágio de utilização do método compreende comparar um sinal de indicação de altura do leito da eclusa de gás atual com o critério de alarme dependente da carga do reator, e diminuir a carga do reator no caso do sinal de indicação de altura do leito da eclusa de gás atual cumprir o critério de alarme dependente da carga do reator, para evitar o bloqueio da eclusa de gás.

A method of preventing blockage of circulating bed material in a circulating fluidized bed reactor arrangement

A method of preventing blockage of circulating bed material in a circulating fluidized bed reactor arrangement (10), the method comprising steps of: collecting a continuously flowing bed (52, 54) of the solid particles in a gas lock in the return leg of the reactor, measuring gas lock bed pressure values within the continuously flowing bed of the solid particles, forming a gas lock bed height indication signal on the basis of measured gas lock bed pressure values, and a definition stage of the method comprises defining and storing to a digital control system a range of normal gas lock bed height indication signals, formed in normal solid particles circulation flow conditions, as a function of the reactor load, and defining and storing to the digital control system a reactor load dependent alarm criterion, the fulfillment of which comprises that a current gas lock bed height indication signal is outside the range of normal gas lock bed height indication signals for the prevailing reactor load, and a stage of using the method comprises comparing a current gas lock bed height indication signal with the reactor load dependent alarm criterion, and decreasing the reactor load in case the current gas lock bed height indication signal fulfils the reactor load dependent alarm criterion, for preventing blockage of the gas lock.

防止循环流化床反应器装置中的循环床材料的堵塞的方法

一种防止循环流化床反应器装置(10)中的循环床材料堵塞的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：收集反应器的返回支管中的气闸中的固体颗粒的连续流动床(52、54)，测量固体颗粒的连续流动床内的气闸床压力值，基于测量的气闸床压力值形成气闸床高度指示信号，并且该方法的定义阶段包括将在正常固体颗粒循环流条件下形成的作为反应器负荷的函数的正常气闸床高度指示信号的范围定义和存储到数字控制系统，并且将与反应器负荷相关的警报标准定义和存储到数字控制系统，满足该警报标准包括当前气闸床高度指示信号在针对当前反应器负荷的正常气闸床高度指示信号的范围之外，并且使用该方法的阶段包括将当前气闸床高度指示信号和与反应器负荷相关的警报标准进行比较，并且在当前气闸床高度指示信号满足与反应器负荷相关的警报标准的情况下降低反应器负荷，以用于防止气闸的堵塞。

循環流動床反応器構成内の循環する床材料の閉塞を防止する方法

循環流動床反応器構成（１０）内の循環する床材料の閉塞を防止する方法。方法は、固体粒子の連続的に流れる床（５２、５４）を、反応器の戻り路内のガスロック内で収集する工程と、固体粒子の連続的に流れる床の中でガスロック床圧力値を測定する工程と、測定されたガスロック床圧力値に基づいて、ガスロック床高さ報知信号を形成する工程と、を含み、方法の定義段階が、反応器負荷の関数として、正常な固体粒子循環流条件において形成される正常なガスロック床高さ報知信号の範囲を定めて、デジタル制御システムに記憶する工程と、反応器負荷に依存する警告基準を定めて、デジタル制御システムに記憶する工程であって、警告基準を満たすことは、現在のガスロック床高さ報知信号が、支配的な反応器負荷に対して正常なガスロック床高さ報知信号の範囲の外側にあることを含む、工程と、を含み、方法を使用する段階が、現在のガスロック床高さ報知信号を反応器負荷に依存する警告基準と比較する工程と、現在のガスロック床高さ報知信号が反応器負荷に依存する警告基準を満たす場合、ガスロックの閉塞を防止するために反応器負荷を低下させる工程と、を含む。

A method of preventing blockage of circulating bed material in a circulating fluidized bed reactor arrangement

带高温分解气化器的取暖炉

取暖炉系统包含一个燃料装料斗(10)，由燃料推进加料器(14)把燃料从装料斗供给一个高温分解气化器(12)。由包含一个点火器(129)的主阀装置(16)，控制输入的生物物质和空气进入气化器，并点燃气化器内的材料。气化器(12)运行时，产生碳和可燃气体，用一个风机装置(18)把它们送往炉子的燃烧室(90)。取暖炉系统的运行，从一个恒温箱(150)自动地进行控制。

防止循环流化床反应器装置中的循环床材料的堵塞的方法

一种防止循环流化床反应器装置(10)中的循环床材料堵塞的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：收集反应器的返回支管中的气闸中的固体颗粒的连续流动床(52、54)，测量固体颗粒的连续流动床内的气闸床压力值，基于测量的气闸床压力值形成气闸床高度指示信号，并且该方法的定义阶段包括将在正常固体颗粒循环流条件下形成的作为反应器负荷的函数的正常气闸床高度指示信号的范围定义和存储到数字控制系统，并且将与反应器负荷相关的警报标准定义和存储到数字控制系统，满足该警报标准包括当前气闸床高度指示信号在针对当前反应器负荷的正常气闸床高度指示信号的范围之外，并且使用该方法的阶段包括将当前气闸床高度指示信号和与反应器负荷相关的警报标准进行比较，并且在当前气闸床高度指示信号满足与反应器负荷相关的警报标准的情况下降低反应器负荷，以用于防止气闸的堵塞。

A method of preventing blockage of circulating bed material in a circulating fluidized bed reactor arrangement

Sposób zapobiegania zablokowaniu materiału złoża obiegowego w układzie reaktora z obiegowym złożem fluidalnym