POLYMERIC-METAL COMPOSITE ELECTRODE-BASED ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICE FOR GENERATING OXIDANTS

A water treatment system comprises at least one electrolytic cell comprising at least one electrode and a power source for powering the electrode. The electrode may be a metal electrode comprising a coating of polymer comprising structural units of formula I (I) wherein Ris independently at each occurrence a C-Calkyl radical or —SOM wherein M is independently at each occurrence a hydrogen or an alkali metal a hydrogen or an alkali metal, Ris independently at each occurrence a C-Calkyl radical, a is independently at each occurrence an integer ranging from 0 to 4, and b is independently at each occurrence an integer ranging from 0 to 3. An associated method is also described. 2. The water treatment system of claim 1 , wherein b=0.3. The water treatment system of claim 2 , wherein a=0.4. The water treatment system of claim 2 , wherein a=1 and Ris —SOM wherein M is a hydrogen or an alkali metal.5. The water treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the metal electrode comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of titanium claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , aluminum claim 1 , molybdenum claim 1 , niobium claim 1 , tin claim 1 , tungsten claim 1 , zinc claim 1 , and combinations thereof.6. The water treatment system of claim 5 , wherein the metal electrode comprises titanium.7. The water treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the metal electrode is a metal plate or a metal foam electrode.8. The water treatment system of claim 7 , wherein the polymer coating comprises fibers formed using an electrospinning process.9. The water treatment system of claim 8 , wherein the metal electrode is a metal foam electrode.10. The water treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the electrolytic cell comprises at least two electrodes and a liquid chamber between the at least two electrodes and wherein at least one electrode is a bipolar electrode.11. The water treatment system of claim 10 , comprising an input line and/or an output line in communication with the liquid chamber.13. The method of ...

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR GENERATING OXIDANTS IN SITU

A method of reducing the organic compounds in an aqueous stream by generating an oxidant in-situ using at least one electrolytic cell. The method may comprise contacting at least a portion of the aqueous stream with the electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cell may have at least two electrodes, wherein at least one electrode is a metal electrode and, a power source for powering the at least two electrodes. A water treatment system for generating an oxidant in-situ comprising at least one electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cell may have at least two electrodes, wherein at least one electrode is a metal electrode, and a power source for powering the at least two electrodes. A method of improving the rejection rate of a reverse osmosis membrane using an oxidant generated in-situ. The method may comprise contacting at least a portion of the aqueous stream with the electrolytic cell thereby creating an oxidized aqueous stream. At least a portion of the oxidized aqueous stream may be fed through a reverse osmosis membrane. The electrolytic cell may comprise at least two electrodes, wherein at least one electrode is a metal electrode, and a power source for powering the at least two electrodes. 1. A method of reducing organic compounds in an aqueous stream by generating oxidants in-situ using at least one electrolytic cell , said method comprising contacting at least a portion of said aqueous stream with said electrolytic cell and wherein said electrolytic cell comprises:a. at least two electrodes, wherein at least one electrode is an anode and at least one electrode is a cathode, and wherein at least one electrode is a metal electrode; andb. a power source for powering said at least two electrodes.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said metal electrode comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of titanium claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , aluminum claim 1 , molybdenum claim 1 , niobium claim 1 , tin claim 1 , tungsten claim 1 , zinc claim 1 , and combinations thereof. ...

ELECTROCHEMICAL WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM AND METHOD

A water treatment system comprises an electrolytic cell comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode comprising a coating of polymer comprising structural units of formula I and a power source for powering the first and the second electrodes; wherein Ris independently at each occurrence a C-Calkyl radical or —SOH; Ris independently at each occurrence a C-Calkyl radical; a is independently at each occurrence an integer ranging from 0 to 4; and b is independently at each occurrence an integer ranging from 0 to 3. An associated method is also described. 2. The water treatment system of claim 1 , wherein b=0.3. The water treatment system of claim 2 , wherein a=0.4. The water treatment system of claim 2 , wherein a=1 claim 2 , Ris —SOH.5. The water treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the first electrode is opposite to the coating of the polymer.6. The water treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the electrolytic cell comprises a liquid chamber between the first electrode and the coating of the polymer.7. The water treatment system of claim 6 , comprising an input line in communication with the liquid chamber.8. The water treatment system of claim 6 , comprising an output line in communication with the liquid chamber.9. The water treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the electrolytic cell comprises a gas chamber on an opposite side of the coating of the polymer and away from the first electrode.11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the aqueous solution is an alkali halide solution.12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the oxidation products are diatomic halide gas.13. The method of claim 10 , wherein the passing step comprises passing the electric current through a first electrode and a second electrode of an electrolytic cell.14. The method of claim 10 , wherein the aqueous solution is a sodium chloride solution or a potassium chloride solution.15. The method of claim 10 , wherein b=0.16. The method of claim 15 , wherein a=0.17. The method of claim 15 , wherein a=1 ...

SCALE INHIBITION IN HIGH PRESSURE AND HIGH TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS

Methods are provided to inhibit scale formation in oil or gas production systems. In one embodiment, the scale inhibiting treatment comprises: A) an AAA terpolymer and B) a polycarboxylate such as a polyepoxy succinic acid (PESA). The treatment can be added to these systems in the well area itself, to the well annulus and its associated tubes, casings, etc., to the oil or gas bearing subterranean formation, to injection conduits for injection of steam or fracking fluid to the subterranean formation, to the produced water, or to equipment in fluid contact with the produced water. 2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein (B) is a polyepoxy succinic acid (PESA).3. The method as recited in claim 2 , wherein c claim 2 , d claim 2 , and e are all present claim 2 , wherein c is present in an amount of 1-80 claim 2 , d is present in an amount of 1-30 claim 2 , and e is present in an amount of 1-30.4. The method as recited in claim 3 , wherein a brine laden aqueous product is produced in said system claim 3 , defining produced water claim 3 , said method comprising adding said scale imparting treatment to said produced water.5. The method as recited in claim 4 , wherein said produced water comprises an Fe content of 3 mg/L or greater.6. The method as recited in claim 5 , wherein said produced water has a temperature of 90° C. and higher and is under a pressure of 1 Atm and greater.7. The method as recited in claim 6 , wherein said pressure is 500 psig and greater.8. The method as recited in claim 4 , wherein said produced water has a Ca content of 500 mg/L and greater.9. The method as recited in claim 8 , wherein said Ca content is 2 claim 8 ,000 mg/L and greater.10. The method as recited in claim 3 , wherein said Fe content is 100 mg/L or greater.11. The method as recited in claim 2 , wherein said scale inhibiting treatment is fed to said produced water in an amount of about 0.1-100 mg/L (combined A and B) of said produced water.12. The method as recited in claim 2 , ...

SULFATE SCALE INHIBITION IN HIGH PRESSURE AND HIGH TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS

Methods are provided to inhibit scale formation in oil or gas production systems. In one embodiment, the scale inhibiting treatment comprises: A) an AAA terpolymer and B) a phosphonate. The treatment can be added to these systems in the well area itself, to the well annulus and its associated tubes, casings, etc., to the oil or gas bearing subterranean formation, to injection conduits for injecting steam or fracking fluid to the subterranean formation, to the produced water or to equipment in fluid flow contact with the produced water. 2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein c claim 1 , d claim 1 , and e are all present wherein c is present in an amount of 1-80 claim 1 , d is present in an amount of 1-30 claim 1 , and e is present in an amount of 1-30.3. The method as recited in claim 2 , wherein a brine laden aqueous product is produced in said system claim 2 , defining produced water claim 2 , said method comprising adding said scale inhibiting treatment to said produced water.4. The method as recited in claim 3 , wherein said produced water comprises a Ca content of 300 mg/L or greater.5. The method as recited in claim 4 , wherein said Ca content is 800 mg/L or greater.6. (canceled)7. The method as recited in claim 4 , wherein said produced water has a temperature of 90° C. and higher and is under a pressure of 1 Atmosphere and greater.8. The method as recited in claim 7 , wherein said pressure is 300 psig and greater.9. The method as recited in claim 7 , wherein said scale is calcium sulfate claim 7 , calcium carbonate claim 7 , barium sulfate claim 7 , or strontium sulfate.10. (canceled)11. The method as recited in claim 9 , wherein said treatment is fed to said produced water in an amount of about 0.1-100 mg/L (combined A and B) of said produced water.12. The method as recited in claim 7 , wherein (A) is a terpolymer comprising repeat units of i) acrylic acid or salt claim 7 , ii) allylalkoxylated ether or water soluble salt claim 7 , and iii) ...

Sulfate scale inhibition in high pressure and high temperature applications

Methods are provided to inhibit scale formation in oil or gas production systems. In one embodiment, the scale inhibiting treatment comprises: A) an AAA terpolymer and B) a phosphonate. The treatment can be added to these systems in the well area itself, to the well annulus and its associated tubes, casings, etc., to the oil or gas bearing subterranean formation, to injection conduits for injecting steam or fracking fluid to the subterranean formation, to the produced water or to equipment in fluid flow contact with the produced water.

Sulfate scale inhibition in high pressure and high temperature applications

Methods are provided to inhibit scale formation in oil or gas production systems. In one embodiment, the scale inhibiting treatment comprises: A) an AAA terpolymer and B) a phosphonate. The treatment can be added to these systems in the well area itself, to the well annulus and its associated tubes, casings, etc., to the oil or gas bearing subterranean formation, to injection conduits for injecting steam or fracking fluid to the subterranean formation, to the produced water or to equipment in fluid flow contact with the produced water.

Water treatment using a bipolar membrane

Device and method for generating oxidants in situ

A method of reducing the organic compoundsin an aqueous stream by generating an oxidant in-situ using at least one electrolytic cell. The method may comprise contacting at least a portion of the aqueous stream with the electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cell may have at least two electrodes, wherein at least one electrode is a metal electrode and, a power source for powering the at least two electrodes. A water treatment system for generating an oxidant in-situ comprising at least one electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cell may have at least two electrodes, wherein at least one electrode is a metal electrode, anda power source for powering the at least two electrodes. A method of improving the rejection rate of a reverse osmosis membrane using an oxidant generated in-situ. The method may comprise contacting at least a portion of the aqueous stream with the electrolytic cell thereby creating an oxidized aqueous stream. At least a portion of the oxidized aqueous stream may be fed through a reverse osmosis membrane. The electrolytic cell may comprise at least two electrodes, wherein at least one electrode is a metal electrode, anda power source for powering the at least two electrodes.

Scale inhibition in high pressure and high temperature applications

Methods are provided to inhibit scale formation in oil or gas production systems. In one embodiment, the scale inhibiting treatment comprises: A) an AAA terpolymer and B) a polycarboxylate such as a polyepoxy succinic acid (PESA). The treatment can be added to these systems in the well area itself, to the well annulus and its associated tubes, casings, etc., to the oil or gas bearing subterranean formation, to injection conduits for injection of steam or fracking fluid to the subterranean formation, to the produced water, or to equipment in fluid contact with the produced water.

Sulfate scale inhibition in high pressure and high temperature applications

Methods are provided to inhibit scale formation in oil or gas production systems. In one embodiment, the scale inhibiting treatment comprises: A) an AAA terpolymer and B) a phosphonate. The treatment can be added to these systems in the well area itself, to the well annulus and its associated tubes, casings, etc., to the oil or gas bearing subterranean formation, to injection conduits for injecting steam or fracking fluid to the subterranean formation, to the produced water or to equipment in fluid flow contact with the produced water.

用於電凝聚之裝置及方法

本揭示案闡述一種自組裝高表面積電極。該自組裝高表面積電極包括電極基板、電極磁粒子及磁場源。在該磁場源之影響下，該等電極磁粒子於該電極基板之表面上進行組裝。該自組裝高表面積電極可用作用於處理受污染給水之電凝聚系統中的陽極及/或陰極。該自組裝高表面積電極產生金屬氫氧根離子及金屬氫氧化物物種以幫助生成聚集物來移除給水中之污染物。可移除該磁場源，此舉導致電極磁粒子離開該電極基板之表面用於清潔。再引入該磁場源導致該自組裝高表面積電極之再組裝。

Apparatus for one step removal of contaminants from aqueous system and method thereof

An apparatus (100) configured for removing contaminants from an influent fluid stream comprises an inlet (130) and an effluent outlet (125); a flow path through which the fluid stream passes extending from the inlet (130) to the outlet (125), the flow path comprised of a first chamber (205), a second chamber (210) and a third chamber (215), these chambers (205,210,215) are coaxial; a mixing device (140) disposed in the first chamber (205) of the apparatus (100) for urging the influent fluid stream along the flow path; said first chamber (205) being defined by the inner diameter of an inner cylinder (105); and a DC power supply (305) configured to provide electric potential to said inner cylinder (105) which is used as a cathode and at least one sacrificial electrode (135) which is used as an anode, thereby creating an electrolysis chamber in said first chamber (205). And a corresponding method for removing contaminants from an influent fluid stream comprises providing said apparatus configured for treating an influent fluid stream; providing an influent fluid stream containing contaminants to said inlet; generating and extracting suspended coagulants and precipitates from the fluid stream; extracting the clarified fluid stream from the apparatus. The apparatus has lower maintenance requirements and the method is a simplified contaminant removal process.

用於自水性系統單步驟移除污染物之設備及方法

在一實施例中，本發明係關於經組態用於自流入物流體流移除污染物之設備，其包括：入口及流出物出口；流動路徑，該流體流自該入口延伸至該出口穿過該流動路徑；該流動路徑包括第一室、第二室及第三室；該等第一室、第二室及第三室係同軸的；及混合裝置，其佈置於該設備之該第一室中用於沿該流動路徑推動該流入物流體流。在另一實施例中，本發明進一步係關於用於自流入物流體流移除污染物之方法，其包括：提供經組態用於處理流入物流體流且包括入口及出口之設備；將含有污染物之流入物流體流提供至該入口；自該流體流生成懸浮凝結物及沈澱物並進行抽取；自該設備抽取經澄清的流體流。