HETEROPHASIC COPOLYMERS

A heterophasic polypropylene resin comprising a polypropylene homopolymer matrix phase (A) and an ethylene-propylene copolymer phase (B) dispersed within the matrix, wherein the xylene soluble fraction of the heterophasic polypropylene resin is in the range 20 to less than 50 wt %; the heterophasic polypropylene resin has an MFR2 of 0.01 to 50 g/10 min; the ethylene content of the xylene soluble fraction of the heterophasic polypropylene resin is in the range of at least 20 wt % to less than 50 wt %; the heterophasic polypropylene resin has a notched charpy impact strength at −20 C of at least 25 kJ/m, preferably at least 50 kJ/m; and wherein the MFR(Matrix)/MFR(XS)≧5, preferably ≧10. 1. A heterophasic polypropylene resin comprising a polypropylene homopolymer matrix phase (A) and an ethylene-propylene copolymer phase (B) dispersed within the matrix , whereinthe xylene soluble fraction of the heterophasic polypropylene resin is in the range 20 to less than 50 wt %;{'sub': '2', 'the heterophasic polypropylene resin has an MFRof 0.01 to 50 g/10 min;'}the ethylene content of the xylene soluble fraction of the heterophasic polypropylene resin is in the range of at least 20 wt % to less than 50 wt %;{'sup': '2', 'the heterophasic polypropylene resin has a notched charpy impact strength at −20° C. of at least 25 kJ/m; and wherein'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'the MFR(XS)/MFR(matrix)≅5.'}2. A heterophasic polypropylene resin comprising a polypropylene homopolymer phase (A) and an ethylene-propylene copolymer phase (B) dispersed within phase (A) , whereinthe xylene soluble fraction of the heterophasic polypropylene resin is in the range 20 to less than 50 wt %;{'sub': '2', 'the heterophasic polypropylene resin has an MFRof 0.01 to 50 g/10 min;'}the ethylene content of the xylene soluble fraction of the heterophasic polypropylene resin is in the range of at least 20 wt % to less than 50 wt %;{'sub': '2', 'the MFR(xylene insoluble) is 0.2 g/10 min or less; and wherein'}{'sub': 2', '2, ' ...

Catalyst

A process for the preparation of a compound of formula (V): comprising at least the step of reacting a compound of formula (VI) with a compound (VII) wherein; R 2 is hydrogen or a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical provided that at least one R 2 is not hydrogen; R 5 is hydrogen or a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group optionally containing one or more heteroatoms from groups 14-16; R 6 is hydrogen or a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group optionally containing one or more heteroatoms from groups 14-16; n is 1, 2 or 3; each R 8 is a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group; and Hal is a halide; in the presence of a nickel imidazolidin-2-ylidene compound.

Process for olefin polymerisation using group 4 metallocene as catalysts

A process for the preparation of a random propylene copolymer comprising polymerizing propylene and at least one C2-10 alpha olefin (especially ethylene) in the presence of a catalyst; wherein said catalyst comprises: (i) a complex of formula (I): wherein M is zirconium or hafnium; each X is a sigma ligand; L is a divalent bridge selected from —R′ 2 C—, —R′ 2 C—CR′ 2 —, —R′ 2 Si—, —R′ 2 Si—SiR 2 —, —R′ 2 Ge—, wherein each R′ is independently a hydrogen atom, C1-C20-hydrocarbyl, tri(C1-C20-alkyl)silyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-arylalkyl or C7-C20-alkylaryl; each R 1 is a C4-C20 hydrocarbyl radical branched at the β-atom to the cyclopentadienyl ring, optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16, or is a C3-C20 hydrocarbyl radical branched at the β-atom to the cyclopentadienyl ring where the β-atom is an Si-atom; n is 0-3; each R 18 is the same or different and may be a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16; each R 4 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-6-hydrocarbyl radical; each W is a 5 or 6 membered aryl or heteroaryl ring wherein each atom of said ring is optionally substituted with an R 5 group; each R 5 is the same or different and is a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16; and optionally two adjacent R 5 groups taken together can form a further mono or multicyclic ring condensed to W optionally substituted by one or two groups R 5 ; and (ii) a cocatalyst comprising an organometallic compound of a Group 13 metal.

Asymmetrical ligands

A ligand of formula (I′) wherein L is a divalent bridge selected from —R′2C—, —R′2C—CR′2—, —R′2Si—, —R′2Si—SiR′2—, —R′2Ge—, wherein each R′ is independently a hydrogen atom, C1-20-hydrocarbyl, tri(C1-20-alkyl)silyl, C6-20-aryl, C7-20-arylalkyl or C7-20-alkylaryl; R2and R2′ are each independently a C1-20hydrocarbyl radical; R5′ is a C1-20hydrocarbyl group; R6, R6′, R7and R7′ are each independently hydrogen or a C1-20hydrocarbyl group; Ar and Ar′ are independently an aryl or heteroaryl group having up to 20 carbon atoms; each R1is a C1-20hydrocarbyl group or two R1groups on adjacent carbon atoms taken together can form a fused 5 or 6 membered non aromatic ring with the Ar group; and each R4is a C1-20hydrocarbyl group; and the dotted lines represent a double bond present in between carbons 1 and 2 or 2 and 3 of the indenyl ring.

CATALYSTS

A solid particulate catalyst free from an external carrier comprising: 2. A catalyst as claimed in obtainable by a process in which(I) a liquid/liquid emulsion system is formed, said liquid/liquid emulsion system comprising a solution of the catalyst components (i) and (ii) dispersed in a solvent so as to form dispersed droplets; and(II) solid particles are formed by solidifying said dispersed droplets.3. A catalyst as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the two multicyclic ligands making up the complex of formula (I) are identical.4. A catalyst as claimed in claim 1 , wherein each X is independently a hydrogen atom claim 1 , a halogen atom claim 1 , C-alkoxy group or an R group claim 1 , wherein R is a C-alkyl claim 1 , phenyl or benzyl group.5. A catalyst as claimed in claim 1 , wherein L is —SiR— claim 1 , wherein each Ris independently C1-C20-alkyl claim 1 , C6-C20-aryl or tri(C1-C20-alkyl)silyl-residue or ethylene bridge claim 1 , especially dimethyl.6. A catalyst as claimed in claim 1 , wherein Ris a linear or branched C-alkyl radical.7. A catalyst as claimed in claim 1 , wherein Rand R claim 1 , taken together form a non aromatic 4-7 membered ring or a phenyl ring.8. A catalyst as claimed in claim 1 , wherein Ris linear or branched claim 1 , C-alkyl radical.9. A catalyst as claimed in claim 1 , wherein Ris a hydrogen atom or methyl claim 1 , ethyl claim 1 , propyl or isopropyl group.10. A catalyst as claimed in claim 1 , wherein W is an optionally substituted phenyl group claim 1 , or a 5 or 6 membered heteroaryl group selected from furanyl claim 1 , thiophenyl claim 1 , pyrrolyl claim 1 , triazolyl claim 1 , and pyridinyl.11. A catalyst as claimed in claim 1 , any wherein Ris a linear or branched claim 1 , cyclic or acyclic claim 1 , C1-C10-alkyl group or two adjacent Rgroups taken together can form a further mono or multicyclic aromatic ring condensed to W.14. A process for the manufacture of a catalyst as claimed in claim 1 , comprising obtaining a complex of ...

Catalysts

A catalyst comprising (i) an asymmetric complex of formula (I) wherein M is zirconium or hafnium; each X is a sigma ligand; L is a divalent bridge selected from —R′ 2 C—, —R′ 2 C—CR′ 2 —, —R′ 2 Si—, —R′ 2 Si—SiR′ 2 —, —R′ 2 Ge—, wherein each R′ is independently a hydrogen atom, C1-C20-alkyl, tri(C1-C20-alkyl)silyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-arylalkyl or C7-C20-alkylaryl; R 2 and R 2′ are each independently linear C 1-10 hydrocarbyl; R 5 and R 5′ are each independently hydrogen or a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group; R 6 and R 6′ are each independently hydrogen or a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group; R 7 is hydrogen or a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group or is ZR 3 ; Z is O or S, preferably O; R 3 is a C1-10 hydrocarbyl group; Ar is an aryl or heteroaryl group having up to 20 carbon atoms optionally substituted by one or more groups R 8 ; Ar′ is an aryl or heteroaryl group having up to 20 carbon atoms optionally substituted by one or more groups R 8′ ; and R 8 and R 8′ are each independently is a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group; with the proviso that at least one of R 6 or R 7 is not H; and (ii) a cocatalyst comprising a compound of a group 13 metal, e.g. boron.

CATALYSTS

A complex of formula (I): wherein M is zirconium or hafnium; each X is a sigma ligand; L is a divalent bridge selected from —R′C—, —R′C—CR′—, —R′Si—, —R′Si—SiR′—, —R′Ge—, wherein each R′ is independently a hydrogen atom, C1-C20-hydrocarbyl, tri(C1-C20-alkyl)silyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-arylalkyl or C7-C20-alkylaryl; each Ris a C4-C20 hydrocarbyl radical branched at the β-atom to the cyclopentadienyl ring, optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16, or is a C3-C20 hydrocarbyl radical branched at the β-atom to the cyclopentadienyl ring where the β-atom is an Si-atom; n is 0-3; each Ris the same or different and may be a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16; each Ris a hydrogen atom or a C-hydrocarbyl radical; each W is a 5 or 6 membered aryl or heteroaryl ring wherein each atom of said ring is optionally substituted with an Rgroup each Ris the same or different and is a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16; and optionally two adjacent Rgroups taken together can form a further mono or multicyclic ring condensed to W optionally substituted by one or two groups R. 2. A catalyst comprising{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, '(i) a complex of formula (I) as defined in ; and'}(ii) a cocatalyst comprising an organometallic compound of a Group 13 metal.3. A catalyst as claimed in prepared by a process comprising(I) forming a liquid/liquid emulsion system, said liquid/liquid emulsion system comprising a solution of the catalyst components (i) and (ii) dispersed in a solvent so as to form dispersed droplets; and(II) solidifying said dispersed droplets to form solid particles.4. A catalyst as claimed in further comprising an inert carrier.5. A complex of claim 1 , wherein L is —SiR— claim 1 , wherein each Ris independently C1-C20-alkyl claim 1 , C6-C20-aryl or tri(C1-C20-alkyl)silyl-residue or ethylene bridge.6. A ...

Solid particulate catalysts comprising bridged metallocenes

A polypropylene homopolymer with a melting point of less than 147° C., a percentage of 2.1 errors of at least 1% and a xylene soluble fraction of less than 0.5 wt %.

DEVICE FOR MEASURING A TEMPERATURE DIFFERENTIAL

The invention relates to a device () for measuring a difference in temperature (TT) upstream and downstream from a member travelled by a fluid, in particular the temperature of a gas upstream and downstream of a particle filter or any other gas-treatment element, said device comprising: a first thermocouple () for taking an upstream measurement; a second thermo couple () for taking a downstream measurement, the first and second thermocouples being electrically connected head-to-foot in series, at least during an operating phase of the device; a chain () for processing the voltage output by the assembly formed by the two thermocouples electrically connected in series, such as to generate a signal () which is a function of the temperature difference (TT) measured by the thermocouples. 1. A device for measuring a difference in temperature upstream and downstream of a part through which a fluid flows , comprising the temperature of a gas upstream and downstream of a particle filter said device comprising:a first thermocouple for carrying out a measurement upstream;a second thermocouple for carrying out a measurement downstream, the first and second thermocouples being electrically series-connected head-to-tail, at least during a phase of operation of the device; anda processing chain for processing the voltage delivered by the assembly formed by the two electrically series-connected thermocouples, so as to generate a signal which is a function of the difference in temperature measured by the thermocouples.2. The device according to claim 1 , the two thermocouples being permanently electrically series-connected.3. The device according to claim 1 , comprising a switching system that can assume at least two states:a first state in which at least one of the two thermocouples is connected to the input of an amplifier, so as to enable the processing chain to deliver a signal corresponding to at least one of the temperatures,a second state in which the two thermocouples are ...

Catalysts

A complex of formula (I): wherein M is zirconium or hafnium; each X is a sigma ligand; L is a divalent bridge selected from —R′ 2 C—, —R′ 2 C—CR′ 2 —, —R′ 2 Si—, —R′ 2 Si—SiR′ 2 —, —R′ 2 Ge—, wherein each R′ is independently a hydrogen atom, C1-C20-hydrocarbyl, tri(C1-C20-alkyl)silyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-arylalkyl or C7-C20-alkylaryl; each R 1 is a C4-C20 hydrocarbyl radical branched at the β-atom to the cyclopentadienyl ring, optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16, or is a C3-C20 hydrocarbyl radical branched at the β-atom to the cyclopentadienyl ring where the β-atom is an Si-atom; n is 0-3; each R 18 is the same or different and may be a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16; each R 4 is a hydrogen atom or a C 1-6 -hydrocarbyl radical; each W is a 5 or 6 membered aryl or heteroaryl ring wherein each atom of said ring is optionally substituted with an R 5 group each R 5 is the same or different and is a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16; and optionally two adjacent R 5 groups taken together can form a further mono or multicyclic ring condensed to W optionally substituted by one or two groups R 5 .

Optical detector for the presence of gas bubbles in a liquid

The invention concerns a method for detecting gas bubbles in a liquid adapted to a device comprising a light source, a light detector and a data controlling and processing unit connected to a client system comprising the following steps: emitting light from the light source, acquiring successive measurements of the light intensity sensed by the light detector and calculating a variation between two successive measurements of said light intensity. In accordance with a first embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises a step which consists in comparing the variation between two successive measurements of light intensity to a threshold S. Advantageously, a warning counter is incremented by a value A when variation between two successive measurements is higher than the threshold S and decremented by a value B in the opposite case. A proportion of bubbles higher than a maximum authorized rate is detected when said warning counter exceeds a warning value C. In a second embodiment ...

Bridged metallocene catalysts

A solid, particulate catalyst comprising: (i) a complex of formula (I) wherein M is zirconium or hafnium; each X is a sigma ligand; L is a divalent bridge selected from —R ′2 C—, —R′ 2 C—CR′ 2 —, —R′ 2 Si—, —R′ 2 Si—SiR′ 2 —, —R′ 2 Ge—, wherein each R′ is independently a hydrogen atom, C1-C20-hydrocarbyl, tri(C1-C20-alkyl)silyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-arylalkyl or C7-C20-alkylaryl; each R 1 is a C4-C20 hydrocarbyl radical branched at the β-atom to the cyclopentadienyl ring, optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16, or is a C3-C20 hydrocarbyl radical branched at the β-atom to the cyclopentadienyl ring where the β-atom is an Si-atom; each R 18 is a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16; each R 4 is a hydrogen atom or a C 1-6 -hydrocarbyl radical; each W is a 5 or 6 membered aryl or heteroaryl ring wherein each atom of said ring is optionally substituted with at least one R 5 group; each R 5 is the same or different and is a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16; and optionally two adjacent R 5 groups taken together can form a further mono or multicyclic ring condensed to W optionally substituted by one or two groups R 5 ; and each R 7 is a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical; and (ii) a cocatalyst, preferably comprising an organometallic compound of a Group 13 metal.

Catalysts

A racemic complex of formula (I), wherein M is zirconium or hafnium; each X is a sigma ligand; L is a divalent bridge selected from —R′ 2 C—, —R′ 2 C—CR′ 2 , —R′ 2 Si—, —R′ 2 Si—SiR′ 2 —, —R′ 2 Ge—, wherein each R′ is independently a hydrogen atom, C 1-20 -hydrocarbyl, tri(C 1-20 -alkyl)silyl, C 6-20 -aryl, C 7-20 -arylalkyl or C 7-20 -alkylaryl; R 2 and R 2 ′ are each independently a C 1-20 hydrocarbyl radical optionally containing one or more heteroatoms from groups 14-16; R 5 ′ is a C 1-20 hydrocarbyl group optionally containing one or more heteroatoms from groups 14-16 and optionally substituted by one or more halo atoms.

PREPARATION OF POLYPROPYLENE IN THE PRESENCE OF A SINGLE-SITE CATALYST

Process for the preparation of a polypropylene, wherein propylene is polymerised optionally with a comonomer selected from the group consisting of ethylene, a C4-C20 α-olefin and mixtures thereof, in the presence of a catalyst system comprising solid catalyst particles, wherein the solid catalyst particles (a) comprise a transition metal compound of formula (I) LRMX(I) wherein “M” is a transition metal of anyone of the groups 3 to 10 of the periodic table (IUPAC), each “X” is independently a monovalent anionic σ-ligand, each “L” is independently an organic ligand which coordinates to the transition metal (M), each “R” is a bridging group linking two organic ligands (L), “m” is 2 or 3, preferably 2, “n” is 0, 1 or 2, preferably 1, “q” is 1, 2 or 3, preferably 2, m+q is equal to the valency of the transition metal (M), (c) comprise a cocatalyst (Co) comprising an element (E) of group 13 of the periodic table (IUPAC), preferably a cocatalyst (Co) comprising a compound of Al, wherein further the loss of activity of the solid catalyst particles during polymerization is at most 20%. 5. Process according to claim 1 , wherein:{'sub': 1', '20', '1', '20', '1', '20', '1', '20', '3', '12', '6', '20', '6', '20', '7', '20', '7', '20', '3', '3', '3', '2', '1', '20', '1', '20', '1', '20', '3', '12', '6', '20, '(a) the lignads (X) are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, Cto Calkyl, Cto Calkoxy, Cto Calkenyl, Cto Calkinyl, Cto Ccycloalkyl, Cto Caryl, Cto Caryloxy, Cto Carylalkyl, Cto Carylalkenyl, —SR″, —PR″, —SiR“, —OSiR″and —NR″, wherein each R” is independently hydrogen, Cto Calkyl, Cto Calkenyl, Cto Calkinyl, Cto Ccycloalkyl or Cto Caryl,'}and/or(b) at least one organic ligand (L), preferably both organic ligands (L), is(are independently) selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl ligand, substituted cyclopentadienyl ligand, unsubstituted indenyl ligand, substituted indenyl ligand, unsubstituted fluorenyl ligand and ...

GEARBOX POSITION DETECTION

The invention relates to a motor vehicle gearbox position detector comprising a sensor (3) designed to cooperate with a moving target (5) connected to a gearbox ratio actuation element so as to provide at least one analogue signal representative of the position of the neutral point of the gearbox, characterized in that it additionally comprises a unit for processing the signal (9) comprising an analogue-to-digital converter designed to convert the analogue signal into a digital output signal (17) so as to provide periodic predefined information corresponding to the position of the neutral point only when, on the one hand, the target (5) is in the neutral point position and, on the other hand, when the sensor (1) is in the normal operating state.

Polymerisation process

A process for the preparation of a propylene homopolymer comprising polymerizing propylene in the presence of a catalyst comprising: (i) a metallocene complex of a group (IV) metal said metallocene comprising at least two cyclopentadienyl type ligands; (ii) a boron cocatalyst; and (iii) an aluminoxane cocatalyst; said catalyst being in solid form, preferably in solid particulate form, and being free from an external carrier; preferably wherein the melting point of the propylene polymer is controlled by adjusting the amount of or nature of the boron cocatalyst.

Optical detector for the presence of gas bubbles in a liquid

The invention concerns a method for detecting gas bubbles in a liquid adapted to a device comprising a light source, a light detector and a data controlling and processing unit connected to a client system comprising the following steps: emitting light from the light source, acquiring successive measurements of the light intensity sensed by the light detector and calculating a variation between two successive measurements of said light intensity. In accordance with a first embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises a step which consists in comparing the variation between two successive measurements of light intensity to a threshold S. Advantageously, a warning counter is incremented by a value A when variation between two successive measurements is higher than the threshold S and decremented by a value B in the opposite case. A proportion of bubbles higher than a maximum authorized rate is detected when said warning counter exceeds a warning value C. In a second embodiment ...

Solid single site catalysts with high polymerisation activity

Process for the preparation of a solid catalyst system comprising the steps of preparing a liquid clathrate comprising a mixing of an aluminoxane, an aromatic compound and an organo-silicon compound, wherein the mol-ratio between the organo-silicon compound and aluminum of the aluminoxane is below 0.1, mixing said liquid clathrate with an organometallic compound obtaining a liquid mixture, and precipitating the solid catalyst system out of said liquid mixture by adding a saturated aliphatic compound to said mixture liquid.

OPTICAL DETECTOR FOR THE PRESENCE OF GAS BUBBLES IN A LIQUID

The invention concerns a method for detecting gas bubbles in a liquid adapted to a device comprising a light source, a light detector and a data controlling and processing unit connected to a client system comprising the following steps: emitting light from the light source, acquiring successive measurements of the light intensity sensed by the light detector and calculating a variation between two successive measurements of said light intensity. In accordance with a first embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises a step which consists in comparing the variation between two successive measurements of light intensity to a threshold S. Advantageously, a warning counter is incremented by a value A when variation between two successive measurements is higher than the threshold S and decremented by a value B in the opposite case. A proportion of bubbles higher than a maximum authorized rate is detected when said warning counter exceeds a warning value C. In a second embodiment ...

Catalyst

A catalyst in solid particulate form free from an external carrier material comprising (I) a complex of formula (I) wherein M is zirconium or hafnium; each X is a sigma ligand; L is a divalent bridge selected from —R′ 2 C—, —R′ 2 C—CR′ 2 —, —R′ 2 Si—, —R′ 2 Si—SiR′ 2 —, —R′ 2 Ge—, wherein each R′ is independently a hydrogen atom, C1-C20-alkyl, tri(C1-C20-alkyl)silyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-arylalkyl or C7-C20-alkylaryl; each R 2 is independently hydrogen or a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical provided that at least one R 2 is not hydrogen; each R 5 is independently hydrogen or a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group optionally containing one or more heteroatoms from groups 14-16; each R 6 is independently hydrogen or a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group optionally containing one or more heteroatoms from groups 14-16; each n is independently 1, 2 or 3; and each R 8 is a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group; and (ii) a cocatalyst comprising a compound of a group 13 metal, e.g. Al or boron.

Asymmetrical Ligands

A ligand of formula (I′) 2. A ligand as claimed in in which Rand R are hydrogen and Rand R are the same.3. A ligand as claimed in claim 1 , in which R is a Chydrocarbyl group containing one or more heteroatoms from groups 14-16 and optionally substituted by one or more halo atoms claim 1 , preferably R is Z′R wherein Z′ is O or S; and R is a Chydrocarbyl group optionally substituted by one or more halo groups.4. A ligand as claimed in claim 1 , wherein Ar and Ar′ are different.9. A ligand as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the ligand is selected from the group consisting of:(6-tert-Butyl-5-methoxy-2-methyl-4-phenyl-1H-inden-1-yl)-(6-tert-butyl-2-methyl-4-phenyl-1H-inden-1-yl)dimethylsilane;(6-tert-Butyl-5-methoxy-2-methyl-4-phenyl-1H-inden-1-yl)[4-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-methyl-1H-inden-1-yl]dimethylsilane;[6-tert-Butyl-4-(3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)-2-methyl-1H-inden-1-yl]-(6-tert-butyl-5-methoxy-2-methyl-4-phenyl-1H-inden-1-yl)dimethylsilane;[4-(4-tert-Butylphenyl)-2-methyl-1H-inden-1-yl][6-isopropyl-2-methyl-5-(pentafluoro phenoxy)-4-phenyl-1H-inden-1-yl]dimethylsilane;(2-methyl-4-phenyl-5-methoxy-6-tert-butyl-1H-inden-1-yl)[2,7-dimethyl-4-(3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)-1H-inden-1-yl]dimethylsilane;(2-methyl-4-phenyl-5-methoxy-6-tert-butyl-1H-inden-1-yl)[2,4-dimethyl-7-(3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)-1H-inden-1-yl]dimethyl silane;[2-Methyl-4-phenyl-5-methoxy-6-tert-butyl-1H-inden-1-yl]-[2-methyl-4-(3,5-di-tertbutylphenyl)-7-methoxy-1H-inden-1-yl]dimethylsilane;[6-tert-Butyl-4-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-1H-inden-1-yl][4-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-methyl-1H-inden-1-yl]dimethylsilane;[6-tert-Butyl-4-(3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-1H-inden-1-yl][4-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-methyl-1H-inden-1-yl]dimethylsilane; or(6-tert-Butyl-5-isobutoxy-2-methyl-4-phenyl-1H-inden-1-yl)[4-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-methyl-1H-inden-1-yl]dimethylsilane. This is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/131,588, having a filing date of Jul. 6, 2012 (PCT filing date) and a 371(c) ...

Gearbox position detection

The invention relates to a motor vehicle gearbox position detector comprising a sensor (3) designed to cooperate with a moving target (5) connected to a gearbox ratio actuation element so as to provide at least one analog signal representative of the position of the neutral point of the gearbox, characterized in that it additionally comprises a unit for processing the signal (9) comprising an analog-to-digital converter designed to convert the analog signal into a digital output signal (17) so as to provide periodic predefined information corresponding to the position of the neutral point only when, on the one hand, the target (5) is in the neutral point position and, on the other hand, when the sensor (1) is in the normal operating state.

Polymerisation process and catalyst

A process for the polymerization of at least one olefin comprising reacting said at least one olefin with a catalyst comprising: (i) a metallocene complex said metallocene comprising at least two cyclopentadienyl type ligands; (ii) a boron cocatalyst; and (iii) an aluminoxane cocatalyst; said catalyst being in solid form, preferably in solid particulate form, and being free from an external carrier.

BRIDGED METALLOCENE CATALYSTS

A solid, particulate catalyst comprising: (i) a complex of formula (I) wherein M is zirconium or hafnium; each X is a sigma ligand; L is a divalent bridge selected from —RC—, —R′C—CR′—, —R′Si—, —R′Si—SiR′—, —R′Ge—, wherein each R′ is independently a hydrogen atom, C1-C20-hydrocarbyl, tri(C1-C20-alkyl)silyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-arylalkyl or C7-C20-alkylaryl; each Ris a C4-C20 hydrocarbyl radical branched at the β-atom to the cyclopentadienyl ring, optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16, or is a C3-C20 hydrocarbyl radical branched at the β-atom to the cyclopentadienyl ring where the β-atom is an Si-atom; each Ris a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16; each Ris a hydrogen atom or a C-hydrocarbyl radical; each W is a 5 or 6 membered aryl or heteroaryl ring wherein each atom of said ring is optionally substituted with at least one Rgroup; each Ris the same or different and is a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16; and optionally two adjacent Rgroups taken together can form a further mono or multicyclic ring condensed to W optionally substituted by one or two groups R; and each Ris a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical; and (ii) a cocatalyst, preferably comprising an organometallic compound of a Group 13 metal. 2. A catalyst as claimed in wherein the catalyst is obtainable by a process in which(I) a liquid/liquid emulsion system is formed, said liquid/liquid emulsion system comprising a solution of the catalyst components (i) and (ii) dispersed in a solvent so as to form dispersed droplets; and(II) solid particles are formed by solidifying said dispersed droplets.3. A catalyst as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the catalyst further comprises an inert carrier claim 1 , like silica or alumina.4. A catalyst as claimed in wherein in said complex of formula (I) claim 1 , L is —SiR— claim 1 , wherein each Ris independently C1-C20- ...

Catalyst

A catalyst comprising (i) a metallocene complex of a group (IV) metal said metallocene comprising at least two cyclopentadienyl type ligands; (ii) a boron cocatalyst; and (iii) an aluminoxane cocatalyst; said catalyst being in solid form, preferably in solid particulate form, and being free from an external carrier.

SOLID PARTICULATE CATALYSTS COMPRISING BRIDGED METALLOCENES

Solid, particulate catalysts comprising bridged his indenyl n-ligands are disclosed, together with methods for the preparation and use thereat for example, in olefin polymerization. 115-. (canceled)17. The solid claim 16 , particulate catalyst of claim 16 , being free of an external carrier.18. The solid claim 17 , particulate catalyst of claim 17 , obtained by a process in which(I) a liquid/liquid emulsion system is formed, wherein the liquid/liquid emulsion system comprises a solution of the catalyst components (i) and (ii) dispersed in a solvent so as to form dispersed droplets therewith; and(II) solid particles are formed by solidifying the dispersed droplets.19. The solid claim 16 , particulate catalyst of claim 16 , wherein the two multicyclic ligands making up the complex of formula (I) are identical.20. The solid claim 16 , particulate catalyst of claim 16 , wherein each X is independently a hydrogen atom claim 16 , a halogen atom claim 16 , a C-alkoxy group claim 16 , or an R group claim 16 , wherein R is a C-alkyl claim 16 , phenyl claim 16 , or benzyl group.21. The solid claim 16 , particulate catalyst of claim 16 , wherein L is —SiR— claim 16 , wherein each Ris independently C1-C20-alkyl claim 16 , C6-C20-aryl claim 16 , or tri(C1-C20-alkyl)silyl-residue.22. The solid claim 16 , particulate catalyst of claim 16 , wherein L is a dimethylsilyl or ethylene bridge.23. The solid claim 16 , particulate catalyst of claim 16 , wherein Ris a linear or branched C-alkyl radical.24. The solid claim 16 , particulate catalyst of claim 16 , wherein Ris a linear C1-6 alkyl radical.25. The solid claim 16 , particulate catalyst of claim 16 , wherein Wand/or Wis an optionally substituted phenyl group claim 16 , or a 5 or 6 membered heteroaryl group selected from the group consisting of furanyl claim 16 , thiophenyl claim 16 , pyrrolyl claim 16 , triazolyl claim 16 , and pyridinyl.26. The solid particulate catalyst of claim 16 , wherein Ris a linear or branched claim 16 , ...

Catalysts

An asymmetric complex of formula (I) wherein M is zirconium or hafnium; each X is a sigma ligand; L is a divalent bridge selected from —R′ 2 C—, —R′ 2 C—CR′ 2 —, —R′ 2 Si—, —R′ 2 Si—SiR′ 2 —, —R′ 2 Ge—, wherein each R′ is independently a hydrogen atom, C1-C20-alkyl, tri(C1-C20-alkyl)silyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-arylalkyl or C7-C20-alkylaryl; R 2 and R 2 ′ are each independently a C 1 -C 20 hydrocarbyl radical; R 5′ is a C 1-20 hydrocarbyl group; R 5 is hydrogen, or a C 1-20 hydrocarbyl group; R 6 is a non tertiary C 1-10 alkyl group or C6-10-aryl group or C7-10 arylalkyl group or ZR 3 ; R 6′ is a tertiary C 4-20 alkyl group; Z is O or S; R 3 is a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group optionally substituted with halo; Ar is an aryl or heteroaryl group having up to 20 carbon atoms optionally substituted by one or more groups R 1 ; Ar′ is an aryl or heteroaryl group having up to 20 carbon atoms optionally substituted by one or more groups R 1 ; each R 1 is a C 1-20 hydrocarbyl group or two R 1 groups on adjacent carbon atoms taken together can form a fused 5 or 6 membered ring with the Ar group, said ring being itself optionally substituted with one or more groups R 4 ; and each R 4 is a C 1-20 hydrocarbyl group.

Preparation of polypropylene in the presence of a single-site catalyst

Process for the preparation of a polypropylene, wherein propylene is polymerized optionally with a comonomer selected from the group consisting of ethylene, a C4-C20 α-olefin and mixtures thereof, in the presence of a catalyst system comprising solid catalyst particles, wherein the solid catalyst particles (a) comprise a transition metal compound of formula (I) LmRnMXq (I) wherein “M” is a transition metal of anyone of the groups 3 to 10 of the periodic table (IUPAC), each “X” is independently a monovalent anionic σ-ligand, each “L” is independently an organic ligand which coordinates to the transition metal (M), each “R” is a bridging group linking two organic ligands (L), “m” is 2 or 3, preferably 2, “n” is 0, 1 or 2, preferably 1, “q” is 1, 2 or 3, preferably 2, m+q is equal to the valency of the transition metal (M), (c) comprise a cocatalyst (Co) comprising an element (E) of group 13 of the periodic table (IUPAC), preferably a cocatalyst (Co) comprising a compound of A1, wherein further ...

Catalyst

A process for the preparation of a compound of formula (V): 110.-. (canceled)1316-. (canceled)17. A process as claimed in claim 11 , wherein said nickel imidazolidin-2-ylidene compound is PPhIPrNiCl claim 11 , wherein IPr represents 1 claim 11 ,3-bis(2 claim 11 ,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazolidin-2-ylidene or 1 claim 11 ,3-bis(2 claim 11 ,4 claim 11 ,6-trimethylphenyl)imidazolidin-2-ylidene.18. A process as claimed in claim 11 , further comprising a step of contacting the reaction product of compounds (VI) and (VII) with an acid catalyst.19. A process as claimed in claim 18 , wherein said acid catalyst is tosyl alcohol.20. A process as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the alkoxy group at the 1-position in formula (VI) is MeO—.21. A process as claimed in claim 11 , wherein{'sub': 2', '2, 'Ris hydrogen or a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical provided that at least one Ris not hydrogen;'}{'sub': '5', 'Ris hydrogen or an aliphatic C1-20 hydrocarbyl group;'}{'sub': '6', 'Ris hydrogen or an aliphatic C1-20 hydrocarbyl group;'}n is 1, 2 or 3; and{'sub': '8', 'each Ris an aliphatic C1-20 hydrocarbyl group.'}22. A process as claimed in claim 11 , wherein{'sub': '2', 'Ris a C1-10 alkyl group;'}{'sub': '5', 'Ris hydrogen or a C1-10 alkyl group;'}{'sub': '6', 'Ris hydrogen or a C1-10 alkyl group;'}n is 1 to 3;{'sup': '8', 'and each Ris a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group.'}23. A process as claimed in claim 11 , wherein{'sub': '2', 'Ris a C1-10 alkyl group;'}n is 1 to 3;{'sub': '5', 'Ris hydrogen;'}{'sub': '6', 'Ris hydrogen;'}{'sup': '8', 'and each Ris a C1-10 alkyl group or C6-10 aryl group.'}23. A process as claimed in claim 11 , wherein{'sub': '5', 'Ris hydrogen;'}{'sub': '6', 'Ris hydrogen;'}{'sub': '2', 'Ris methyl;'}n is 2; and{'sub': 8', '8, 'Ris C3-8 alkyl and Ris in the 3,5-position on the ring.'}24. A process as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the halide is Br. This invention relates to new bisindenyl catalysts, in particular, solid particulate racemic symmetrical metallocene catalysts ...

Heterophasic copolymers

A heterophasic polypropylene resin comprising a polypropylene homopolymer matrix phase (A) and an ethylene-propylene copolymer phase (B) dispersed within the matrix, wherein the xylene soluble fraction of the heterophasic polypropylene resin is in the range 20 to less than 50 wt %; the heterophasic polypropylene resin has an MFR2 of 0.01 to 50 g/10 min; the ethylene content of the xylene soluble fraction of the heterophasic polypropylene resin is in the range of at least 20 wt % to less than 50 wt %; the heterophasic polypropylene resin has a notched charpy impact strength at −20 C of at least 25 kJ/m 2 , preferably at least 50 kJ/m 2 ; and wherein the MFR 2 (Matrix)/MFR 2 (XS)≧5, preferably ≧10.

PROCESS FOR OLEFIN POLYMERISATION USING GROUP 4 METALLOCENE AS CATALYSTS

A process for the preparation of a random propylene copolymer comprising polymerising propylene and at least one C2-10 alpha olefin (especially ethylene) in the presence of a catalyst; wherein said catalyst comprises: (i) a complex of formula (I): wherein M is zirconium or hafnium; each X is a sigma ligand; L is a divalent bridge selected from —R′ 2 C—, —R′ 2 C—CR′ 2 —, —R′ 2 Si—, —R′ 2 Si—SiR 2 —, —R′ 2 Ge—, wherein each R′ is independently a hydrogen atom, C1-C20-hydrocarbyl, tri(C1-C20-alkyl)silyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-arylalkyl or C7-C20-alkylaryl; each R 1 is a C4-C20 hydrocarbyl radical branched at the β-atom to the cyclopentadienyl ring, optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16, or is a C3-C20 hydrocarbyl radical branched at the β-atom to the cyclopentadienyl ring where the β-atom is an Si-atom; n is 0-3; each R 18 is the same or different and may be a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16; each R 4 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-6-hydrocarbyl radical; each W is a 5 or 6 membered aryl or heteroaryl ring wherein each atom of said ring is optionally substituted with an R 5 group; each R 5 is the same or different and is a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16; and optionally two adjacent R 5 groups taken together can form a further mono or multicyclic ring condensed to W optionally substituted by one or two groups R 5 ; and (ii) a cocatalyst comprising an organometallic compound of a Group 13 metal.

SOLID PARTICULATE CATALYSTS COMPRISING BRIDGED METALLOCENES

A polypropylene homopolymer with a melting point of less than 147° C., a percentage of 2.1 errors of at least 1% and a xylene soluble fraction of less than 0.5 wt %. 1. A polypropylene homopolymer having a melting point of less than 147° C. , a percentage of 2.1 errors of at least 1% and a xylene soluble fraction of less than 0.5 wt %.2. The polypropylene homopolymer of claim 1 , having a melting point of less than 145° C. claim 1 , a percentage of 2.1 errors of at least 1.5% and a xylene soluble fraction of less than 0.5 wt %.3. The polypropylene homopolymer of claim 1 , having a tensile modulus of less than 1680 MPa claim 1 , an rr triad content of less than 0.2%; and a Mw/Mn of more than 4.4. The polypropylene homopolymer of claim 1 , having a tensile modulus of less than 1900 MPa; an rr triad content of less than 0.2%; and a Mw/Mn of more than 3.4.5. The polypropylene homopolymer of claim 3 , having a percentage of 2.1 errors of at least 1.4%.6. A nucleated polypropylene homopolymer having a melting point of less than 150° C.; a xylene soluble fraction of less than 1 wt %; and a percentage of 2.1 errors of at least 1%.7. The nucleated polypropylene homopolymer of claim 6 , having a tensile modulus of at least 1650 MPa; a Tc of at least 115° C.; and a rr triad content of less than 0.2%.9. The polypropylene homopolymer of claim 8 , wherein the solid claim 8 , particulate catalyst is free of an external carrier and comprises (i) a complex of formula (I) and (ii) a cocatalyst.10. The polypropylene homopolymer of claim 8 , wherein the solid claim 8 , particulate catalyst is free of an external carrier and is obtained by a process in which(I) a liquid/liquid emulsion system is formed, the liquid/liquid emulsion system comprising a solution of the catalyst components (i) and (ii) dispersed in a solvent so as to form dispersed droplets therewith; and(II) solid particles are formed by solidifying said dispersed droplets.12. The polypropylene homopolymer of claim 1 , ...

TEMPERATURE SENSOR

Method for the manufacture of a temperature sensor with a thermocouple comprising the following successive steps: 1. A method for the manufacture of a temperature sensor with a thermocouple comprising the following , performed successively:introducing, in a support tube made of a ceramic material, two thermocouple wires until they extend beyond said support tube;welding the ends of said thermocouple wires extending beyond said support tube to form a thermocouple hot point;independently of introducing and welding the thermocouple wires, introducing, at least partially, of the support tube into a reinforcement tube made of a stainless steel; andfixing a cap onto said reinforcement tube to protect said hot point.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the support tube is partitioned.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the cap is swaged before being fixed onto the support tube.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the cap is shaped so as to cover over 90% of the outer lateral surface of the support tube.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein before fitting the cap claim 1 , the cap is filled with an insulating material of a material chosen from aluminum and/or magnesium.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the cap is made of Inconel.7. The temperature sensor manufactured by method according to .8. The temperature sensor according to claim 7 , wherein the temperature sensor is used in an environment at a temperature above 1000° C. and/or in which the temperature can vary between −40° C. and 1200° C.9. A heat engine of a motor vehicle comprising a temperature sensor according to . This invention relates to a temperature sensor comprising a thermocouple designed to measure temperatures that can vary between −40° C. and 1200° C. particularly in a heat engine of a motor vehicle.As shown in , a temperature-measuring device conventionally comprises a temperature sensor extended by an extension cable allowing the temperature sensor to be ...

Catalysts

A solid particulate catalyst free from an external carrier comprising: (i) a complex of formula (I): wherein M is zirconium or hafnium; each X is a sigma ligand; L is a divalent bridge selected from R2C, R2CCR2, R2Si, R2SiSiR2, R2Ge, wherein each R is independently a hydrogen atom, C1-C20-alkyl, tri(C1-C20-alkyl)silyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-arylalkyl or C7-C20-alkylaryl; each R1 independently is hydrogen or a linear or branched C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical optionally containing one or more heteroatoms from groups 14-16 of the Periodic Table of the Elements; each R2 and R3 taken together form a 4-7 membered ring condensed to the benzene ring of the indenyl moiety, said ring optionally containing heteroatoms from groups 14-16, each atom forming said ring being optionally substituted with at least one R18 radical; each R18 is the same or different and may be a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16; each R4 is a hydrogen atom or a C1- ...

CATALYSTS

An asymmetric complex of formula (I) 2. A complex as claimed in being a racemic anti isomer.3. A complex as claimed in wherein Ar and Ar′ are different.4. A complex as claimed in wherein Rand R are methyl.5. A complex as claimed in wherein Ris H and/or wherein R is methoxy.6. A complex as claimed in wherein Ris methyl and/or R is tBu.11. A catalyst comprising (i) an asymmetric complex of formula (I) as claimed inand (ii) a cocatalyst comprising a compound of a group 13 metal.12. A catalyst as claimed in obtainable by a process in which(a) a liquid/liquid emulsion system is formed, said liquid/liquid emulsion system comprising a solution of the catalyst components (i) and (ii) dispersed in a solvent so as to form dispersed droplets; and(b) solid particles are formed by solidifying said dispersed droplets.13. A process for the manufacture of a catalyst as claimed in comprising obtaining a complex of formula (I) and a cocatalyst as hereinbefore described;forming a liquid/liquid emulsion system, which comprises a solution of catalyst components (i) and (ii) dispersed in a solvent, and solidifying said dispersed droplets to form solid particles.14. A process for the polymerisation of at least one olefin comprising reacting said at least one olefin with a catalyst as claimed in . This invention relates to new asymmetrical bisindenyl complexes and catalysts comprising those complexes. The invention also relates to the use of the new bisindenyl metallocene catalysts for the production of polypropylene with high molecular weight at good activity levels.Metallocene catalysts have been used to manufacture polyolefins for many years. Countless academic and patent publications describe the use of these catalysts in olefin polymerisation. Metallocenes are now used industrially and polyethylenes and polypropylenes in particular are often produced using cyclopentadienyl based catalyst systems with different substitution patterns.The present inventors sought new metallocenes, which ...

CATALYSTS

A racemic complex of formula (I), wherein M is zirconium or hafnium; each X is a sigma ligand; L is a divalent bridge selected from —R′C—, —R′C—CR′, —R′Si—, —R′Si—SiR′—, —R′Ge—, wherein each R′ is independently a hydrogen atom, C-hydrocarbyl, tri(C-alkyl)silyl, C-aryl, C-arylalkyl or C-alkylaryl; Rand R′ are each independently a Chydrocarbyl radical optionally containing one or more heteroatoms from groups 14-16; R′ is a Chydrocarbyl group optionally containing one or more heteroatoms from groups 14-16 and optionally substituted by one or more halo atoms. 2. The complex of being a racemic anti isomer.3. The complex of claim 1 , in which Rand R are hydrogen and Rand R are the same.4. The complex of claim 1 , in which R is R is a Chydrocarbyl group containing one or more heteroatoms from groups 14-16 and optionally substituted by one or more halo atoms claim 1 , preferably R is Z′R wherein Z′ is O or S; and R is a Chydrocarbyl group optionally substituted by one or more halo groups.5. The complex of claim 1 , wherein Ar and Ar′ are different.10. A catalyst comprising a complex of formula (I) as claimed in and (ii) a cocatalyst comprising a compound of a group 13 metal claim 1 , e.g. Al or boron.11. The catalyst of obtainable by a process in which(a) a liquid/liquid emulsion system is formed, said liquid/liquid emulsion system comprising a solution of the catalyst components (i) and (ii) dispersed in a solvent so as to form dispersed droplets; and(b) solid particles are formed by solidifying said dispersed droplets.12. A process for the manufacture of the catalyst as defined in claim 10 , comprising obtaining a complex of formula (I) and a cocatalyst as defined in ;forming a liquid/liquid emulsion system, which comprises a solution of catalyst components (i) and (ii) dispersed in a solvent, and solidifying said dispersed droplets to form solid particles.13. Use in olefin polymerisation of the catalyst as defined in claim 10 , especially for the formation of a ...

SOLID SINGLE SITE CATALYSTS WITH HIGH POLYMERISATION ACTIVITY

Process for the preparation of a solid catalyst system comprising the steps of preparing a liquid clathrate comprising a mixing of an aluminoxane, an aromatic compound and an organo-silicon compound, wherein the mol-ratio between the organo-silicon compound and aluminum of the aluminoxane is below 0.1, mixing said liquid clathrate with an organometallic compound obtaining a liquid mixture, and precipitating the solid catalyst system out of said liquid mixture by adding a saturated aliphatic compound to said mixture liquid. 1. A process for the preparation of a solid catalyst system (CS) comprising the steps of(i) preparing a liquid clathrate (LC) comprising a mixing of an aluminoxane (A), an aromatic compound (AC) and an organo-silicon compound (OS), wherein the mol-ratio between the organo-silicon compound (OS) and aluminum (Al) of the aluminoxane (A) [(OS)/(Al)] is equal or below 0.1,(ii) mixing said liquid clathrate (LC) with an organometallic compound (C),(iii) obtaining a liquid mixture (Ml), wherein the liquid mixture (Ml) is homogeneous, precipitating the solid catalyst system (CS) out of said liquid mixture (Ml) by adding a saturated aliphatic compound to said liquid mixture (MI), and(iv) optionally recovering particles of the solid catalyst system (CS),wherein during the process no carrier material is added.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said organometallic compound (C) is of formula (I){'br': None, 'sub': m', 'n', 'q, '(L)RMX\u2003\u2003(I)'}wherein“M” is a transition metal (M) of group 3 to 10 of the Periodic Table (IUPAC 2007), each “X” is independently a mono anionic ligand, like a σ-ligand,each “L” is independently an organic ligand which coordinates to the transition metal “M”,“R” is a bridging group linking said organic ligands (L),“m” is 1, 2 or 3,“n” is 0, 1 or 2,“q” is 1, 2 or 3, andm+q is equal to the valency of the transition metal (M).3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the mol-ratio between the aluminum (Al) of the ...

POLYMERISATION PROCESS AND CATALYST

A process for the polymerisation of at least one olefin comprising reacting said at least one olefin with a catalyst comprising: (i) a metallocene complex said metallocene comprising at least two cyclopentadienyl type ligands; (ii) a boron cocatalyst; and (iii) an aluminoxane cocatalyst; said catalyst being in solid form, preferably in solid particulate form, and being free from an external carrier. 1. A process for the polymerisation of at least one olefin comprising reacting said at least one olefin with a catalyst comprising:(i) a metallocene complex said metallocene comprising at least two cyclopentadienyl type ligands;(ii) a boron cocatalyst; and(iii) an aluminoxane cocatalyst;said catalyst being in solid form, preferably in solid particulate form, and being free from an external carrier.2. A process for the preparation of a propylene and ethylene copolymer comprising copolymerising propylene and ethylene in the presence of a catalyst comprising:(i) a metallocene complex of a group (IV) metal said metallocene comprising at least two cyclopentadienyl type ligands;(ii) a boron cocatalyst; and(iii) an aluminoxane cocatalyst;said catalyst being in solid form, preferably in solid particulate form, and being free from an external carrier;wherein the productivity of the process is at least 60 kg polymer/g cat.3. A process for the preparation of a propylene and ethylene copolymer comprising copolymerising propylene and ethylene in the presence of a catalyst comprising:(i) a metallocene complex of a group (IV) metal, said metallocene comprising at least two cyclopentadienyl type ligands;(ii) a boron cocatalyst; and(iii) an aluminoxane cocatalyst;said catalyst being in solid form, preferably in solid particulate form, and being free from an external carrier; obtained by a process in which(a) a liquid/liquid emulsion system is formed, said liquid/liquid emulsion system comprising a solution of the catalyst components (i) to (iii) dispersed in a solvent so as to form ...

Catalyst

A catalyst comprising (i) a metallocene complex of a group (IV) metal said metallocene comprising at least two cyclopentadienyl type ligands; (ii) a boron cocatalyst; and (iii) an aluminoxane cocatalyst; said catalyst being in solid form, preferably in solid particulate form, and being free from an external carrier.

CATALYST

A catalyst in solid particulate form free from an external carrier material comprising

POLYMERISATION PROCESS

A process for the preparation of a propylene homopolymer comprising polymerising propylene in the presence of a catalyst comprising: (i) a metallocene complex of a group (IV) metal said metallocene comprising at least two cyclopentadienyl type ligands; (ii) a boron cocatalyst; and (iii) an aluminoxane cocatalyst; said catalyst being in solid form, preferably in solid particulate form, and being free from an external carrier; preferably wherein the melting point of the propylene polymer is controlled by adjusting the amount of or nature of the boron cocatalyst. 1. A process for the preparation of a propylene homopolymer comprising polymerizing propylene in the presence of a catalyst , the catalyst comprising:(i) a metallocene complex of a group (IV) metal comprising at least two cyclopentadienyl type ligands;(ii) a boron cocatalyst; and(iii) an aluminoxane cocatalyst;said catalyst being in solid form and free from an external carrier;wherein the melting point of the propylene homopolymer is at least 152.5° C.2. The process according to claim 1 , comprisingselecting the boron cocatalyst or an amount thereof to control the melting point of the propylene homopolymer.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the boron cocatalyst is a borate-type cocatalyst.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is prepared by a process comprising(a) forming a liquid/liquid emulsion system said liquid/liquid emulsion system comprising a solution of components (i) to (iii) dispersed in a solvent so as to form dispersed droplets; and(b) forming solid particles by solidifying said dispersed droplets.5. The process according to further comprising step{'sub': 2', '10', '2', '10, '(c) prepolymerizing the solid particles from step (b) with at least one C-Calpha-olefin monomer and optionally one or more different C-Calpha-olefin comonomers.'}9. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said process is carried out at a temperature of 60° C. or more.10. The process ...

CATALYST

A catalyst in solid particulate form free from an external carrier material comprising 2. The catalyst of which is obtainable by a process in which(a) a liquid/liquid emulsion system is formed, said liquid/liquid emulsion system comprising a solution of the catalyst components (i) and (ii) dispersed in a solvent so as to form dispersed droplets; and(b) solid particles are formed by solidifying said dispersed droplets.7. A catalyst as claimed in wherein L is dimethylsilyl claim 1 , ethylene or methylene.8. A catalyst as claimed in comprising the complex{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2, 'sup': 't', 'rac-MeSi[2-Me-4(3,5-BuPh)-Ind]ZrClor'}{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2, 'sup': 't', 'rac-MeSi[2-Me-4(3,5-BuPh)-Ind]HfCl.'}9. A catalyst as claimed in wherein said cocatalyst is aluminoxane claim 1 , preferably MAO.10. A catalyst as claimed in wherein the two ligands forming the complex are identical.13. A process for the manufacture of a catalyst as claimed in comprising obtaining a (i) complex of formula (I) and (ii) a cocatalyst comprising a compound of a group 13 metal;forming a liquid/liquid emulsion system, which comprises a solution of catalyst components (i) and (ii) dispersed in a solvent, and solidifying said dispersed droplets to form solid particles.14. A process for the polymerisation of at least one olefin comprising polymerising said at least one olefin with the catalyst as claimed in .15. A process as claimed in wherein the process forms an isotactic polypropylene.16. A process as claimed in wherein the catalyst activity in said process is at least 10.0 kg/g(cat)/h. This invention relates to new bisindenyl catalysts, in particular, solid particulate racemic symmetrical metallocene catalysts containing such bisindenyl ligands. The invention also relates to the use of such new bisindenyl metallocene catalysts for the production of polypropylene at excellent catalyst activities to give polypropylene with high molecular weight, and very high melting point even at industrially ...

Catalysts

A catalyst comprising (i) an asymmetric complex of formula (I) wherein M is zirconium or hafnium; each X is a sigma ligand; L is a divalent bridge selected from —R′ 2 C—, —R′ 2 C—CR′ 2 —, —R′ 2 Si—, —R′ 2 Si—SiR′ 2 —, —R′ 2 Ge—, wherein each R′ is independently a hydrogen atom, C1-C20-alkyl, tri(C1-C20-alkyl)silyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-arylalkyl or C7-C20-alkylaryl; R 2 and R 2′ are each independently linear C 1-10 hydrocarbyl; R 5 and R 5′ are each independently hydrogen or a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group; R 6 and R 6′ are each independently hydrogen or a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group; R 7 is hydrogen or a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group or is ZR 3 ; Z is O or S, preferably O; R 3 is a C1-10 hydrocarbyl group; Ar is an aryl or heteroaryl group having up to 20 carbon atoms optionally substituted by one or more groups R 8 ; Ar′ is an aryl or heteroaryl group having up to 20 carbon atoms optionally substituted by one or more groups R 8′ ; and R 8 and R 8′ are each independently is a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group; with the proviso that at least one of R 6 or R 7 is not H; and (ii) a cocatalyst comprising a compound of a group 13 metal, e.g. boron.

Preparation of polypropylene in the presence of a single-site catalyst

Process for the preparation of a polypropylene, wherein propylene is polymerised optionally with a comonomer selected from the group consisting of ethylene, a C 4 -C 20 α-olefin and mixtures thereof, in the presence of a catalyst system comprising solid catalyst particles, wherein the solid catalyst particles (a) comprise a transition metal compound of formula (I) L m R n MX q (I) wherein "M" is a transition metal of anyone of the groups 3 to 10 of the periodic table (IUPAC), each "X" is independently a monovalent anionic σ-ligand, each "L" is independently an organic ligand which coordinates to the transition metal (M), each "R" is a bridging group linking two organic ligands (L), "m" is 2 or 3, preferably 2, "n" is 0, 1 or 2, preferably 1, "q" is 1, 2 or 3, preferably 2, m+q is equal to the valency of the transition metal (M), (c) comprise a cocatalyst (Co) comprising an element (E) of group 13 of the periodic table (IUPAC), preferably a cocatalyst (Co) comprising a compound of Al, wherein further the loss of activity of the solid catalyst particles during polymerization is at most 20 %.

Preparation of single-site catalysts

Preparation of single-site catalysts

Process for the preparation of a catalyst system comprising the steps of (a) preparing a solution (A) comprising (i) a transition metal compound of formula (I)          L m R n MX q      (I) wherein "M" is a transition metal of anyone of the groups 3 to 10 of the periodic table (IUPAC), each "X" is independently a monovalent σ-ligand, each "L" is independently an organic ligand which coordinates to the transition metal (M), "R" is a bridging group linking said organic ligands (L), "m" is 2 or 3, preferably 2, "n" is 0, 1 or 2, preferably 1, "q" is 1, 2 or 3, preferably 2, m+q is equal to the valency of the transition metal (M), (ii) a cocatalyst (Co) comprising an element (E) of group 13 of the periodic table (IUPAC), preferably a cocatalyst (Co) comprising a compound of Al, (iii) a solvent (A'), (b) generating an emulsion by dispersing the solution (A) in a solvent (B) and in the presence of a surfactant (S) wherein (i) the solvent (B) constitutes the continuous phase of the emulsion and (ii) the solution (A) constitutes in form of droplets the dispersed phase of the emulsion, (iii) the transition metal compound of formula (I) and the cocatalyst (Co) are present in the droplets, and (iv) the surfactant (S) is a reaction product (RP) of at least one compound of formula (II) and a compound (C) comprising an element (E) of group 13 of the periodic table (IUPAC), preferably a compound comprising Al, the formula (II) is wherein R 1 is a semi-, highly- or perfluorinated hydrocarbon residue, and R 2 is a residue selected from the group consisting of -C(R 3 )=C(R 3' )-R 4 , wherein R 3 , R 4 , R 3' , are independently from each other selected from the group consisting of H, C 1 to C 20 alkyl, C 2 to C 20 alkenyl, C 2 to C 20 alkinyl, (c) solidifying said dispersed phase to convert said droplets to solid particles and (d) optionally recovering said particles to obtain said catalyst system.

Polymerisation process

Polymerisation process and catalyst

A process for the polymerisation of at least one olefin comprising reacting said at least one olefin with a catalyst comprising: (i) a metallocene complex said metallocene comprising at least two cyclopentadienyl type ligands; (ii) a boron cocatalyst; and (iii) an aluminoxane cocatalyst; said catalyst being in solid form, preferably in solid particulate form, and being free from an external carrier.

Catalyst for the polymerisation of olefins

Solid single site catalysts with high polymerisation activity

Process for the preparation of a solid catalyst system comprising the steps of preparing a liquid clathrate comprising a mixing of an aluminoxane, an aromatic compound and an organo-silicon compound, wherein the mol-ratio between the organo-silicon compound and aluminum of the aluminoxane is below 0.1, mixing said liquid clathrate with an organometallic compound obtaining a liquid mixture, and precipitating the solid catalyst system out of said liquid mixture by adding a saturated aliphatic compound to said mixture liquid.

Catalyst

Process for the preparation of a ligand for a catalyst

Catalysts

Group 4 metallocenes useful as catalysts for the polymerization of olefins

Process for the polymerization of olefins using group 4 metallocenes as catalysts

Un proceso para la preparación de un copolímero aleatorio de propileno que comprende la polimerización de propileno y al menos una alfa-olefina C2-10 (especialmente etileno) en presencia de un catalizador; en el que dicho catalizador comprende: (i) un complejo de fórmula (III)**Fórmula** en la que M es Zr o Hf; cada R1 es CH2-Ph, CH1-C(R3)3-q(H)q en la que R3 es un grupo alquilo C1-6 o dos grupos R3 juntos forman un anillo cicloalquilo C3-7 en el que dicho anillo está opcionalmente sustituido con un grupo alquilo C1-6 y q puede ser 1 o 0; L es SiR6 2; R6 es alquilo C1-10, arilo C6-10, alquilarilo C7-12, o arilalquilo C7-12; cada X es un átomo de hidrógeno, OR, un átomo de halógeno, o un grupo R; R es alquilo C1-10 cada R4 es H o alquilo C1-3; n es de 0 a 2; p es de 0 a 2; cada R5 es alquilo C1-10 y cada R18 es alquilo C1-6; y en el que los dos ligandos que forman el complejo son idénticos; y (ii) un cocatalizador que comprende un compuesto organometálico de un metal del Grupo 13. A process for the preparation of a propylene random copolymer comprising the polymerization of propylene and at least one C2-10 alpha-olefin (especially ethylene) in the presence of a catalyst; wherein said catalyst comprises: (i) a complex of formula (III)**Formula** wherein M is Zr or Hf; each R1 is CH2-Ph, CH1-C(R3)3-q(H)q in which R3 is a C1-6 alkyl group or two R3 groups together form a C3-7 cycloalkyl ring in which said ring is optionally substituted with a C1-6 alkyl group and q can be 1 or 0; L is SiR6 2; R6 is C1-10 alkyl, C6-10 aryl, C7-12 alkylaryl, or C7-12 arylalkyl; each X is a hydrogen atom, OR, a halogen atom, or an R group; R is C1-10 alkyl each R4 is H or C1-3 alkyl; n is from 0 to 2; p is from 0 to 2; each R5 is C1-10 alkyl and each R18 is C1-6 alkyl; and wherein the two ligands forming the complex are identical; and (ii) a cocatalyst comprising an organometallic compound of a Group 13 metal.

Bridged metallocene catalysts

A solid, particulate catalyst comprising: (i) a complex of formula (I) wherein M is zirconium or hafnium; each X is a sigma ligand; L is a divalent bridge selected from -R '2 C-, -R' 2 C-CR' 2 -, -R' 2 Si-, -R' 2 Si-SiR' 2 -, -R' 2 Ge-, wherein each R' is independently a hydrogen atom, C1-C20-hydrocarbyl, tri(C1-C20-alkyl)silyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-arylalkyl or C7-C20-alkylaryl; each R 1 is a C4-C20 hydrocarbyl radical branched at the β-atom to the cyclopentadienyl ring, optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16, or is a C3-C20 hydrocarbyl radical branched at the β-atom to the cyclopentadienyl ring where the β-atom is an Si-atom; each R 18 is a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16; each R 4 is a hydrogen atom or a C 1-6 -hydrocarbyl radical; each W is a 5 or 6 membered aryl or heteroaryl ring wherein each atom of said ring is optionally substituted with at least one R 5 group; each R 5 is the same or different and is a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16; and optionally two adjacent R 5 groups taken together can form a further mono or multicyclic ring condensed to W optionally substituted by one or two groups R 5 ; and each R 7 is a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical; and (ii) a cocatalyst, preferably comprising an organometallic compound of a Group 13 metal.

Heterophasic copolymers

Metallocene complexes and catalysts made therefrom

A racemic metallocene complex of formula (I') wherein each X is a sigma donor ligand; L is a carbon, silicon or germanium based divalent bridge in which one or two backbone atoms link the ligands; M is Ti, Zr or Hf; each Het is independently a monocyclic or multicyclic heteroaromatic or heterocyclic group containing at least one heteroatom selected from O, N or S; each R1 is the same or different and is a linear C1-10 alkyl group, or linear C1-10 alkoxy, each n is 0 to 3; each R2 is the same or different and is a -Si(RaRbRc) group; Ra is C1-10 alkyl or phenyl group optionally substituted by 1 to 3 C1-6 alkyl groups; Rb is C1-10 alkyl or phenyl group optionally substituted by 1 to 3 C1-6 alkyl groups; Rc is a phenyl group optionally substituted by 1 to 3 C1-6 alkyl groups; and each p is 1 to 3.

Process for polymerizing ethylene in a multi-stage polymerization process

The present invention is concerned with a process for polymerizing ethylene or copolymerizing ethylene and at least one alpha-olefin comonomer in the presence of a supported polymerization catalyst in a multi-stage process in which the last polymerization stage is a gas phase reactor, the use of said process for reducing particle carry-over in the last polymerization stage and the use of a supported polymerization catalyst with a certain median particle size to polymerize an ethylene homo- or copolymer in said multi-stage process with a span of its particle size distribution which can be predicted from the median particle size of the catalyst.

Process for polymerizing ethylene in a multi-stage polymerization process

The present invention is concerned with a process for polymerizing ethylene or copolymerizing ethylene and at least one alpha-olefin comonomer in the presence of a supported polymerization catalyst in a multi-stage process in which the last polymerization stage is a gas phase reactor, the use of said process for reducing particle carry-over in the last polymerization stage and the use of a supported polymerization catalyst with a certain median particle size to polymerize an ethylene homo- or copolymer in said multi-stage process with a span of its particle size distribution which can be predicted from the median particle size of the catalyst.

Solid single site catalysts with high polymerisation activity

Process for polymerizing ethylene in a multi-stage polymerization process

The present invention is concerned with a process for polymerizing ethylene or copolymerizing ethylene and at least one alpha-olefin comonomer in the presence of a supported polymerization catalyst in a multi-stage process in which the last polymerization stage is a gas phase reactor, the use of said process for reducing particle carry-over in the last polymerization stage and the use of a supported polymerization catalyst with a certain median particle size to polymerize an ethylene homo- or copolymer in said multi-stage process with a span of its particle size distribution which can be predicted from the median particle size of the catalyst.

Preparation of single site catalysts

Proceso de preparación de un sistema catalizador que comprende los pasos de (a) preparar una solución (A) que comprende (I) un compuesto de metal de transición de fórmula (I) LmRnMXq (I) en donde "M" es un metal de transición de cualquiera de los grupos 3 a 10 de la tabla periódica (IUPAC), cada "X" es independientemente un ligando σ monovalente, cada "L" es independientemente un ligando orgánico que se coordina con el metal de transición (M), "R" es un grupo de puenteo que une a dichos ligandos orgánicos (L), "m" es 2 o 3, y preferiblemente 2, "n" es 0, 1 o 2, y preferiblemente 1, "q" es 1, 2 o 3, y preferiblemente 2, m+q es igual a la valencia del metal de transición (M), (II) un cocatalizador (Co) que comprende un elemento (E) del grupo 13 de la tabla periódica (IUPAC), preferiblemente un cocatalizador (Co) que comprende un compuesto de Al, y (III) un solvente (A'), (b) generar una emulsión dispersando la solución (A) en un solvente (B) y en presencia de un agente superficiactivo (S), en donde (I) el solvente (B) constituye la fase continua de la emulsión y (II) la solución (A) constituye en forma de gutículas la fase dispersada de la emulsión, (III) el compuesto de metal de transición de fórmula (I) y el cocatalizador (Co) están presentes en las gutículas, y (IV) el agente superficiactivo (S) es (α) al menos un compuesto (SP) de fórmula (II) y/o (β) un producto de reacción (RP) de al menos un compuesto (SP) de fórmula (II) y un compuesto (C) que comprende un elemento (E) del grupo 13 de la tabla periódica (IUPAC), preferiblemente un compuesto que comprende Al, la fórmula (II) es**Fórmula** en donde R1 es un residuo hidrocarburo semihalogenado, altamente halogenado o perhalogenado, y R2 es -C(R3)>=C(R3')-R4, en donde R3, R4 y R3' son independientemente entre sí seleccionados de entre los miembros del grupo que consta de H, alquilo de C1 a C20, alquenilo de C2 a C20 y alquinilo de C2 a C20, (c) ...

Catalyst

A catalyst in solid particulate form free from an external carrier material comprising a complex of formula (I) wherein M is zirconium or hafnium; each X is a sigma ligand; L is a divalent bridge selected from -R' 2 C-, -R' 2 C-CR' 2 -, -R' 2 Si-, -R' 2 Si-SiR' 2 -, -R' 2 Ge-, wherein each R' is independently a hydrogen atom, C1-C20-alkyl, tri(C1-C20-alkyl)silyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-arylalkyl or C7-C20-alkylaryl; each R 2 is independently hydrogen or a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical provided that at least one R 2 is not hydrogen; each R 5 is independently hydrogen or a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group optionally containing one or more heteroatoms from groups 14-16; each R 6 is independently hydrogen or a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group optionally containing one or more heteroatoms from groups 14-16; each n is independently 1, 2 or 3; each R 8 is a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group and (ii) a cocatalyst comprising a compound of a group 13 metal, e.g. Al or boron.

Catalysts

Un complejo asimétrico de fórmula (I)**Fórmula** en la cual M es zirconio o hafnio; cada X es un ligando sigma; L es un puente divalente seleccionado de -R'2C-, -R'2C-CR'2-, -R'2Si-, -R'2Si-SiR'2-, -R'2Ge-, en las cuales cada R' es independientemente un átomo de hidrógeno, alquilo de C1-C20, tri(alquilo de C1-C20)sililo, arilo de C6-C20, aril-alquilo de C7-C20 o alquilarilo de C7-C20; R2 y R2' son cada uno independientemente un radical hidrocarbilo de C1-C20; R5' es un grupo hidrocarbilo de C1-20; R5 es hidrógeno, o un grupo hidrocarbilo de C1-20; R6 es un grupo alquilo no terciario de C1-10 o un grupo arilo de C6-10 o un grupo aril-alquilo de C7-10 o ZR3; Z es O o S; R6' es un grupo alquilo terciario de C4-20; R3 es un grupo hidrocarbilo de C1-20 opcionalmente sustituido con halo; Ar es un grupo arilo o heteroarilo que tiene hasta 20 átomos de carbono opcionalmente sustituido por uno o más grupos R1; Ar' es un grupo arilo o heteroarilo que tiene hasta 20 átomos de carbono opcionalmente sustituido por uno o más 35 grupos R1; cada R1 es un grupo hidrocarbilo de C1-20 o dos grupos R1 sobre átomos adyacentes de carbono que tomados juntos pueden formar un anillo fusionados de 5 o 6 miembros con el grupo Ar, y dicho anillo mismo se sustituye opcionalmente con uno o más grupos R4; y cada R4 es un grupo hidrocarbilo de C1-20. An asymmetric complex of formula (I) ** Formula ** in which M is zirconium or hafnium; each X is a sigma ligand; L is a divalent bridge selected from -R'2C-, -R'2C-CR'2-, -R'2Si-, -R'2Si-SiR'2-, -R'2Ge-, in which each R 'is independently a hydrogen atom, C1-C20 alkyl, tri (C1-C20 alkyl) silyl, C6-C20 aryl, C7-C20 aryl-alkyl or C7-C20 alkylaryl; R2 and R2 'are each independently a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical; R5 'is a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group; R5 is hydrogen, or a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group; R6 is a C1-10 non-tertiary alkyl group or a C6-10 aryl group or a C7-10 aryl- ...

Catalysts

Preparation of single-site catalysts

Process for the preparation of a catalyst system comprising the steps of (a) preparing a solution (A) comprising (i) a transition metal compound of formula (I)          L m R n MX q      (I) wherein "M" is a transition metal of anyone of the groups 3 to 10 of the periodic table (IUPAC), each "X" is independently a monovalent σ-ligand, each "L" is independently an organic ligand which coordinates to the transition metal (M), "R" is a bridging group linking said organic ligands (L), "m" is 2 or 3, preferably 2, "n" is 0, 1 or 2, preferably 1, "q" is 1, 2 or 3, preferably 2, m+q is equal to the valency of the transition metal (M), (ii) a cocatalyst (Co) comprising an element (E) of group 13 of the periodic table (IUPAC), preferably a cocatalyst (Co) comprising a compound of Al, (iii) a solvent (A'), (b) generating an emulsion by dispersing the solution (A) in a solvent (B) immiscible with said solution (A) and in the presence of a surfactant (S) wherein (i) the solvent (B) constitutes the continuous phase of the emulsion and (ii) the solution (A) constitutes in form of droplets the dispersed phase of the emulsion, (iii) the transition metal compound of formula (I) and the cocatalyst (Co) are present in the droplets, and (iv) the surfactant (S) is (α) at least one compound of formula (II) or (β) a reaction product (RP) of at least one compound of formula (II) and a compound (C) comprising an element (E) of group 13 of the periodic table (IUPAC), preferably a compound comprising Al, the formula (II) is wherein R 1 is a semi-, highly- or perfluorinated hydrocarbon residue, and R 2 is a residue selected from the group consisting of -C(R 3 )=C(R 3' )-R 4 , wherein R 3 , R 4 , R 3' , are independently from each other selected from the group consisting of H, C 1 to C 20 alkyl, C 2 to C 20 alkenyl, C 2 to C 20 alkinyl, (c) solidifying said dispersed phase to convert said droplets to solid particles and (d) ...

Preparation of polypropylene in the presence of a single-site catalyst

Process for the preparation of a polypropylene, wherein propylene is polymerised optionally with a comonomer selected from the group consisting of ethylene, a C 4 -C 20 α-olefin and mixtures thereof, in the presence of a catalyst system comprising solid catalyst particles, wherein the solid catalyst particles (a) comprise a transition metal compound of formula (I) L m R n MX q (I) wherein "M" is a transition metal of anyone of the groups 3 to 10 of the periodic table (IUPAC), each "X" is independently a monovalent anionic σ-ligand, each "L" is independently an organic ligand which coordinates to the transition metal (M), each "R" is a bridging group linking two organic ligands (L), "m" is 2 or 3, preferably 2, "n" is 0, 1 or 2, preferably 1, "q" is 1, 2 or 3, preferably 2, m+q is equal to the valency of the transition metal (M), (c) comprise a cocatalyst (Co) comprising an element (E) of group 13 of the periodic table (IUPAC), preferably a cocatalyst (Co) comprising a compound of Al, wherein further the loss of activity of the solid catalyst particles during polymerization is at most 20 %.

Catalyst

A catalyst comprising (i) a metallocene complex of a group (IV) metal said metallocene comprising at least two cyclopentadienyl type ligands; (ii) a boron cocatalyst; and (iii) an aluminoxane cocatalyst; said catalyst being in solid form, preferably in solid particulate form, and being free from an external carrier.

Polymerisation process

A process for the preparation of a propylene homopolymer comprising polymerising propylene in the presence of a catalyst comprising: (i) a metallocene complex of a group (IV) metal said metallocene comprising at least two cyclopentadienyl type ligands; (ii) a boron cocatalyst; and (iii) an aluminoxane cocatalyst; said catalyst being in solid form, preferably in solid particulate form, and being free from an external carrier; preferably wherein the melting point of the propylene polymer is controlled by adjusting the amount of or nature of the boron cocatalyst.

Preparation of single-site catalysts

The formula (II) is (formula (II)) wherein R 1 is a semi-, highly- or perfluorinated hydrocarbon residue, and R 2 is a residue selected from the group consisting of -C(R 3 )=C(R 3' )-R 4 , wherein R 3 , R 4 , R 3' , are independently from each other selected from the group consisting of H, C 1 to C 20 alkyl, C 2 to C 20 alkenyl, C 2 to C 20 alkinyl.

Preparation of single-site catalysts

Process for the preparation of a catalyst system comprising the steps of (a) preparing a solution (A) comprising (i) a transition metal compound of formula (I) L m R n M q wherein "M" is a transition metal of anyone of the groups 3 to 10 of the periodic table (IUPAC), each "X" is independently a monovalent σ-ligand, each "L" is independently an organic ligand which coordinates to the transition metal (M), "R" is a bridging group linking said organic ligands (L), "m" is 2 or 3, preferably 2, "n" is 0, 1 or 2, preferably 1, "q" is 1, 2 or 3, preferably 2, m+q is equal to the valency of the transition metal (M), (ii) a cocatalyst (Co) comprising an element (E) of group 13 of the periodic table (IUPAC), preferably a cocatalyst (Co) comprising a compound of A1, (iii) a solvent (A'), (b) generating an emulsion by dispersing the solution (A) in a solvent (B) and in the presence of a surfactant (S) wherein (i) the solvent (B) constitutes the continuous phase of the emulsion and (ii) the solution (A) constitutes in form of droplets the dispersed phase of the emulsion, (iii) the transition metal compound of formula (I) and the cocatalyst (Co) are present in the droplets, and (iv) the surfactant (S) is a reaction product (RP) of at least one compound of formula (II) and a compound (C) comprising an element (E) of group 13 of the periodic table (IUPAC), preferably a compound comprising A1, the formula (II) is wherein R 1 is a semi-, highly- or perfluorinated hydrocarbon residue, and R 2 is a residue selected from the group consisting of -C(R 3 )=C(R 3' )-R 4 , wherein R 3 , R 4 , R 3' , are independently from each other selected from the group consisting of H, C 1 to C 20 alkyl, C 2 to C 20 alkenyl, C 2 to C 20 alkinyl, (c) solidifying said dispersed phase to convert said droplets to solid particles and (d) optionally recovering said particles to obtain said catalyst system.

Preparation of single-site catalysts

Catalysts

A complex of formula (I): wherein M is zirconium or hafnium; each X is a sigma ligand; L is a divalent bridge selected from -R' 2 C-, -R' 2 C-CR' 2 -, -R' 2 Si-, -R' 2 Si-SiR' 2 -, -R' 2 Ge-, wherein each R' is independently a hydrogen atom, C1-C20-hydrocarbyl, tri(C1-C20-alkyl)silyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-arylalkyl or C7-C20-alkylaryl; each R 1 is a C4-C20 hydrocarbyl radical branched at the β-atom to the cyclopentadienyl ring, optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16, or is a C3-C20 hydrocarbyl radical branched at the β-atom to the cyclopentadienyl ring where the β-atom is an Si-atom; n is 0-3; each R 18 is the same or different and may be a C1 -C20 hydrocarbyl radical optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16; each R 4 is a hydrogen atom or a C 1-6 -hydrocarbyl radical; each W is a 5 or 6 membered aryl or heteroaryl ring wherein each atom of said ring is optionally substituted with an R 5 group each R 5 is the same or different and is a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16; and optionally two adjacent R 5 groups taken together can form a further mono or multicyclic ring condensed to W optionally substituted by one or two groups R 5 .

Catalysts

A racemic complex of formula (I), wherein ∙ M is zirconium or hafnium; ∙ each X is a sigma ligand; ∙ L is a divalent bridge selected from -R' 2 C-, -R' 2 C-CR' 2 , -R' 2 Si-, - R' 2 Si-SiR' 2 -, -R' 2 Ge-, wherein each R' is independently a hydrogen atom, C 1-20 -hydrocarbyl, tri(C 1-20 -alkyl)silyl, C 6-20 -aryl, C 7-20 -ary- lalkyl or C 7-20 -alkylaryl; ∙ R 2 and R 2 ' are each independently a C 1-20 hydrocarbyl radical optionally containing one or more heteroatoms from groups 14-16; ∙ R 5 ' is a C 1-2 0 hydrocarbyl group optionally containing one or more heteroatoms from groups 14-16 and optionally substituted by one or more halo atoms.

Catalysts

A solid, particulate catalyst comprising: (i) a complex of Formula (I), wherein M is zirconium or hafnium; each X is a sigma ligand; L is a divalent bridge selected from -R' 2 C-, -R' 2 C-CR' 2 -, -R' 2 Si-, -R' 2 Si-SiR' 2 -, -R' 2 Ge-, wherein each R' is independently a hydrogen atom, C1-C20-alkyl, tri(C1-C20-alkyl)silyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-arylalkyl or C7-C20-alkylaryl; each R 1 independently is a linear or branched C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical optionally containing one or more heteroatoms from groups 14-16; T 1 and T 4 , which can be the same or different, are an OR 2 , a SR 2 , CH(R 18 ) 2 , CH 2 R 18 , aryl or heteroaryl group; each R 2 , which can be the same or different, is a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical; each R 18 , which can be the same or different, is a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical or two R 18 groups together with the carbon atom to which they are attached may form a cyclic C4-C20 hydrocarbyl group; T 2 and T 3 , which may be the same or different, are a C(R 18 ) 3 group; W 1 and W 2 , which may be the same or different, are a 5 or 6 membered aryl or heteroaryl ring wherein each atom of said ring is optionally substituted with an R 5 group; each R 5 , which can be the same or different, is a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16; and optionally two adjacent R 5 groups taken together can form a further mono or multicyclic ring condensed to W 1 or W 2 , optionally substituted by one or two groups R 5 ; and (ii) a cocatalyst.

Catalysts

A polypropylene homopolymer with a melting point of less than 147°C, a percentage of 2,1 errors of at least 1% and a xylene soluble fraction of less than 0.5 wt%.

Solid single site catalysts with high polymerisation activity

Process for the preparation of a solid catalyst system comprising the steps of preparing a liquid clathrate comprising a mixing of an aluminoxane, an aromatic compound and an organo-silicon compound, wherein the mol-ratio between the organo-silicon compound and aluminum of the aluminoxane is below 0.1, mixing said liquid clathrate with an organometallic compound obtaining a liquid mixture, and precipitating the solid catalyst system out of said liquid mixture by adding a saturated aliphatic compound to said mixture liquid.

Solid single site catalysts with high polymerisation activity

Solid particulate catalysts comprising bridged metallocenes

Catalyst

A catalyst comprising (i) an asymmetric complex of formula (I) wherein M is zirconium or hafnium; each X is a sigma ligand; L is a divalent bridge selected from -R' 2 C-, -R' 2 C-CR' 2 -, -R' 2 Si-, -R' 2 Si-SiR' 2 -, -R' 2 Ge-, wherein each R' is independently a hydrogen atom, C1-C20-alkyl, tri(C1-C20-alkyl)silyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-arylalkyl or C7-C20-alkylaryl; R 2 and R 2' are each independently linear C 1-10 hydrocarbyl; R 5 and R 5' are each independently hydrogen or a C 1-20 hydrocarbyl group; R 6 and R 6' are each independently hydrogen or a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group; R 7 is hydrogen or a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group or is ZR 3 ; Z is O or S, preferably O; R 3 is a C1-10 hydrocarbyl group; Ar is an aryl or heteroaryl group having up to 20 carbon atoms optionally substituted by one or more groups R 8 ; Ar' is an aryl or heteroaryl group having up to 20 carbon atoms optionally substituted by one or more groups R 8' ; R 8 and R 8' are each independently is a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group; with the proviso that at least one of R 6 or R 7 is not H; and (ii) a cocatalyst comprising a compound of a group 13 metal, e.g. boron.

Polymerisation process

A process for the preparation of a propylene homopolymer comprising polymerising propylene in the presence of a catalyst comprising: (i) a metallocene complex of a group (IV) metal said metallocene comprising at least two cyclopentadienyl type ligands; (ii) a boron cocatalyst; and (iii) an aluminoxane cocatalyst; said catalyst being in solid form, preferably in solid particulate form, and being free from an external carrier; preferably wherein the melting point of the propylene polymer is controlled by adjusting the amount of or nature of the boron cocatalyst.

Group 4 metallocenes useful as catalysts for the polymerization of olefins

A complex of formula (I): wherein M is zirconium or hafnium; each X is a sigma ligand; L is a divalent bridge selected from -R' 2 C-, -R' 2 C-CR' 2 -, -R' 2 Si-, -R' 2 Si-SiR' 2 -, -R' 2 Ge-, wherein each R' is independently a hydrogen atom, C1-C20-hydrocarbyl, tri(C1-C20-alkyl)silyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-arylalkyl or C7-C20-alkylaryl; each R 1 is a C4-C20 hydrocarbyl radical branched at the β-atom to the cyclopentadienyl ring, optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16, or is a C3-C20 hydrocarbyl radical branched at the β-atom to the cyclopentadienyl ring where the β-atom is an Si-atom; n is 0-3; each R 18 is the same or different and may be a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16; each R 4 is a hydrogen atom or a C 1-6 -hydrocarbyl radical; each W is a 5 or 6 membered aryl or heteroaryl ring wherein each atom of said ring is optionally substituted with an R 5 group; each R 5 is the same or different and is a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16; and optionally two adjacent R 5 groups taken together can form a further mono or multicyclic ring condensed to W optionally substituted by one or two groups R 5 .

Polymerisation process and catalyst

A process for the polymerisation of at least one olefin comprising reacting said at least one olefin with a catalyst comprising: (i) a metallocene complex said metallocene comprising at least two cyclopentadienyl type ligands; (ii) a boron cocatalyst; and (iii) an aluminoxane cocatalyst; said catalyst being in solid form, preferably in solid particulate form, and being free from an external carrier.

Catalysts

DEVICE FOR MEASURING THE LEVEL OF A LIQUID

POSITION SENSOR OF A GEARBOX

TEMPERATURE SENSOR

OPTICAL DETECTOR FOR THE PRESENCE OF GAS BUBBLES IN A LIQUID

TEMPERATURE SENSOR

La présente invention concerne un capteur (1) de température comprenant une CTN (10) et au moins une résistance (20) montée en série avec la CTN. The present invention relates to a temperature sensor (1) comprising a CTN (10) and at least one resistor (20) mounted in series with the CTN.

DEVICE FOR MONITORING THE COOLING CIRCUIT OF A MOTOR VEHICLE

Catalysts

Complejo racémico de fórmula (I) **(Ver fórmula)** en la que M es circonio o hafnio; cada X es un ligando sigma; L es un puente divalente seleccionado entre -R'2C-, -R'2C-CR'2-, -R'2Si-, -R'2Si-SiR'2-, -R'2Ge-, en el que cada R' es independientemente un átomo de hidrógeno, hidrocarbilo C1-20, tri(alquil C1-20)sililo, arilo C6-20, arilalquilo C7-20 o alquilarilo C7-20; R2 y R2' son cada uno independientemente un radical hidrocarbilo C1-20 que contiene opcionalmente uno o más heteroátomos de los grupos 14-16; R5' es Z'R3' en el que Z' es O o S; y R3' es un grupo hidrocarbilo C1-10; R6 y R6' son cada uno independientemente hidrógeno o un grupo hidrocarbilo C1-20 que contiene opcionalmente uno o más heteroátomos de los grupos 14-16; R7 y R7' son cada uno independientemente hidrógeno o un grupo hidrocarbilo C1-20 que contiene opcionalmente uno o más heteroátomos de los grupos 14-16; Ar es independientemente un grupo arilo o heteroarilo que tiene hasta 20 átomos de carbono opcionalmente sustituido con uno o más grupos R1; Ar' es independientemente un grupo arilo o heteroarilo que tiene hasta 20 átomos de carbono opcionalmente sustituido con uno o más grupos R1; cada R1 es un grupo hidrocarbilo C1-20 o dos grupos R1 en átomos de carbono adyacentes tomados conjuntamente pueden formar un anillo no aromático condensado de 5 o 6 miembros con el grupo Ar, estando dicho anillo opcionalmente sustituido con uno o más grupos R4; y cada R4 es un grupo hidrocarbilo C1-20. Racemic complex of formula (I) ** (See formula) ** in which M is zirconium or hafnium; each X is a sigma ligand; L is a divalent bridge selected from -R'2C-, -R'2C-CR'2-, -R'2Si-, -R'2Si-SiR'2-, -R'2Ge-, in which each R 'is independently a hydrogen atom, C1-20 hydrocarbyl, tri (C1-20 alkyl) silyl, C6-20 aryl, C7-20 arylalkyl or C7-20 alkylaryl; R2 and R2 'are each independently a C1-20 hydrocarbyl radical ...

Polymerisation process and catalyst

A process for the polymerisation of at least one olefin comprising reacting said at least one olefin with a catalyst comprising: (i) a metallocene complex said metallocene comprising at least two cyclopentadienyl type ligands; (ii) a boron cocatalyst; and (iii) an aluminoxane cocatalyst; said catalyst being in solid form, preferably in solid particulate form, and being free from an external carrier.

TEMPERATURE SENSOR

Procédé de fabrication d'un capteur de température à thermocouple comportant les étapes successives suivantes : a) introduction, dans un tube de support en un matériau céramique, de deux fils de thermocouple, jusqu'à ce qu'ils dépassent hors dudit tube de support ; b) soudure des extrémités desdits fils de thermocouple dépassant hors dudit tube de support de manière à former un point chaud de thermocouple ; c) introduction, au moins partielle, du tube de support dans un tube de renfort en un acier inoxydable ; d) fixation d'un capuchon sur ledit tube de renfort de manière à protéger ledit point chaud. A method of manufacturing a thermocouple temperature sensor comprising the following successive steps: a) feeding two thermocouple wires into a support tube of ceramic material until they protrude beyond said support tube ; b) welding the ends of said thermocouple wires protruding out of said support tube so as to form a thermocouple hot spot; c) introducing, at least partially, the support tube into a reinforcing tube made of stainless steel; d) fixing a cap on said reinforcing tube so as to protect said hot spot.

Bridged metallocene catalysts

A solid, particulate catalyst comprising: (i) a complex of formula (I) wherein M is zirconium or hafnium; each X is a sigma ligand; L is a divalent bridge selected from -R '2 C-, -R' 2 C-CR' 2 -, -R' 2 Si-, -R' 2 Si-SiR' 2 -, -R' 2 Ge-, wherein each R' is independently a hydrogen atom, C1-C20-hydrocarbyl, tri(C1-C20-alkyl)silyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-arylalkyl or C7-C20-alkylaryl; each R 1 is a C4-C20 hydrocarbyl radical branched at the β-atom to the cyclopentadienyl ring, optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16, or is a C3-C20 hydrocarbyl radical branched at the β-atom to the cyclopentadienyl ring where the β-atom is an Si-atom; each R 18 is a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16; each R 4 is a hydrogen atom or a C 1-6 -hydrocarbyl radical; each W is a 5 or 6 membered aryl or heteroaryl ring wherein each atom of said ring is optionally substituted with at least one R 5 group; each R 5 is the same or different and is a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical optionally containing one or more heteroatoms belonging to groups 14-16; and optionally two adjacent R 5 groups taken together can form a further mono or multicyclic ring condensed to W optionally substituted by one or two groups R 5 ; and each R 7 is a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical; and (ii) a cocatalyst, preferably comprising an organometallic compound of a Group 13 metal.

Catalyst for the polymerization of olefins

Un catalizador para la polimerización de olefinas que comprende: (i) un complejo de metaloceno de un metal del grupo (IV), comprendiendo dicho metaloceno al menos dos ligandos de tipo ciclopentadienilo; (ii) un cocatalizador de boro; y (iii) un cocatalizador de aluminoxano; estando dicho catalizador en forma de partículas sólidas y estando libre de un vehículo externo y siendo obtenible mediante un proceso en el que (a) se forma un sistema de emulsión de líquido/líquido, comprendiendo dicho sistema de emulsión de líquido/líquido una solución de los componentes (i) a (iii) de catalizador dispersados en un disolvente para formar gotas dispersadas; (b) se forman partículas sólidas mediante la solidificación de dichas gotas dispersadas; y (c) se prepolimerizan las partículas sólidas. A catalyst for olefin polymerization comprising: (i) a metallocene complex of a group (IV) metal, said metallocene comprising at least two cyclopentadienyl-type ligands; (ii) a boron cocatalyst; and (iii) an aluminoxane cocatalyst; said catalyst being in the form of solid particles and free of an external vehicle and being obtainable by a process in which (a) a liquid / liquid emulsion system is formed, said liquid / liquid emulsion system comprising a solution of catalyst components (i) to (iii) dispersed in a solvent to form dispersed droplets; (b) solid particles are formed by solidification of said dispersed droplets; and (c) the solid particles are prepolymerized.

PRESSURE SENSOR

La présente concerne un capteur (1) de pression comprenant : - un support en céramique (3) présentant une première surface (5) et une deuxième surface (6) opposée, - un élément sensible (7) disposé sur le support céramique (3) au niveau de la première surface (5), - un substrat circuit imprimé (2) sur lequel est disposé le support céramique (3) un élément (20) de support étant disposé de façon à traverser le substrat circuit imprimé (2) et de façon à ce que la deuxième face (6) du support céramique (3) soit en appuie sur cet élément (20). Figure 1. The present relates to a pressure sensor (1) comprising: - a ceramic support (3) having a first surface (5) and an opposite second surface (6), - a sensitive element (7) arranged on the ceramic support (3 ) at the level of the first surface (5), - a printed circuit substrate (2) on which the ceramic support (3) is arranged, a support element (20) being arranged so as to pass through the printed circuit substrate (2) and so that the second face (6) of the ceramic support (3) rests on this element (20). Figure 1.

Liquid level detector, has temperature correction for current injected into liquid level probe

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de détection du niveau d'un liquide caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprend : - une sonde résistive (10) destinée à être au moins partiellement immergée dans le liquide,- des moyens (20) d'alimentation électrique capables d'appliquer un courant d'alimentation électrique contrôlé à la sonde (10), - des moyens de surveillance de la dérivée de tension résultante aux bornes de la sonde (10), et- des moyens (32) de comparaison aptes à comparer la valeur de la dérivée ainsi obtenue par rapport à une échelle prédéfinie entre une valeur mini et une valeur maxi connues.

Temperature sensor

The invention relates to a temperature sensor with a thermocouple, comprising: a mineral insulated cable comprising a protective sheath (5) having an outer diameter of less than 4 mm and encapsulating a hot point (13) of a thermocouple, and a closed reinforcing tube (20) preferably fastened, in a tight manner, to the protective sheath, and defining a chamber (64) containing the part of the protective sheath that encapsulates said hot point.

SENSOR FOR DETECTING THE LEVEL OF A LIQUID

Group 4 metallocenes useful as catalyst for the polymerization of olefins.

La presente invención se refiere a un complejo de fórmula (I): (Ver Formula) en donde M es circonio o hafnio; cada X es un ligando sigma; L es un puente divalente seleccionado de -R'2C-, - R'2C-CR'2-, -R'2Si-, -R'2Si-SiR'2-, -R'2Ge-, en donde cada R' es independientemente un átomo de hidrógeno, hidrocarbilo C1-C20, tri(alquil-C1-C20)sililo, arilo C6-C20, arilalquilo C7-C20 o alquilarilo C7-C20; cada R1 es un radical hidrocarbilo C4-C20 ramificado en el átomo-ß al anillo ciclopentadienilo, que contiene opcionalmente uno o más heteroátomos que pertenecen a los grupos 14-16, o es un radical hidrocarbilo C3-C20 ramificado en el átomo-ß al anillo ciclopentadienhlo donde el átomo-ß es un átomo-Si; n es 0-3; cada R18 es el mismo o diferente y puede ser un radical hidrocarbilo C1-C20 que contiene opcionalmente uno o más heteroátomos que pertenecen a los grupos 14-16; cada R4 es un átomo de hidrógeno o un radical hidrocarbilo C1-6; cada W es un anillo arilo o heteroarilo de 5 ó 6 miembros en donde cada átomo del anillo es opcionalmente sustituido con un grupo R5 cada R5 es el mismo o diferente y es un radical hidrocarbilo C1-C20 que contiene opcionalmente uno o más heteroátomos que pertenecen a los grupos 14-16; y opcionalmente dos grupos R5 adyacentes tomados juntos pueden formar un anillo mono o multicíclico adicional condensado a W opcionalmente sustituido por uno o dos grupos R5.

TEMPERATURE SENSOR

La présente invention concerne un capteur (1) de température comprenant une CTN (10) et au moins une résistance (20) montée en série avec la CTN. The present invention relates to a temperature sensor (1) comprising a CTN (10) and at least one resistor (20) connected in series with the CTN.

Catalyst

A catalyst in solid particulate form free from an external carrier material comprising (i) a complex of formula (I) wherein M is zirconium or hafnium; each X is a sigma ligand; L is a divalent bridge selected from -R' 2 C-, -R' 2 C-CR' 2 -, -R' 2 Si-, -R' 2 Si-Si R' 2 -, -R' 2 Ge-, wherein each R' is independently a hydrogen atom, C 1-20 -alkyl, tri(C 1-20 -alkyl)silyl, C 6-20 -aryl, C 7-20 -arylalkyl or C 7-20 -alkylaryl; R 2 is a C 1-20 -hydrocarbyl radical; R 2 ' is a C 1-20 -hydrocarbyl radical;R 6 is a linear or branched aliphatic C 1-20 -hydrocarbyl group, SR 9 or OSR 9 ;R 6 ' is a linear or branched aliphatic C 1-20 -hydrocarbyl group, SR 9 'or OR 9 '; with the proviso that neither R 6 or R 6 ' represents a group having a quaternary carbon atom directly attached to the indenyl ring; R 9 is a C 1-20 -hydrocarbyl group;R 9 ' is a C 1-20 -hydrocarbyl group; Ar is a C 6-12 -aryl or C 5-12 -heteroaryl group optionally carrying one or more substituents R 8 ; Ar' is a C 6-12 -aryl or C 5-12 -heteroaryl group optionally carrying one or more substituents R 8 ';each R 8 is a C 1-20 -hydrocarbyl group;each R 8 ' is a C 1-20 -hydrocarbyl group;wherein at least two of R 2 and R 2 '; R 6 and R 6 '; or Ar and Ar' are the same;and (ii) a cocatalyst comprising a compound of a group 13 metal, e.g. Al or boron.

Sensor for detecting gas bubbles in a liquid

Device for detecting gas bubbles in a liquid comprises two electrodes (10, 20) and a device (30) for measuring the electrical resistance between the two electrodes. Bubbles are detected as a change in resistance caused by a change in conductivity between the two electrodes.

DEVICE FOR MEASURING A TEMPERATURE DIFFERENTIAL

Dispositif (1) de mesure d'une différence de température (T2-T1) en amont et en aval d'un organe parcouru par un fluide, notamment la température d'un gaz en amont et en aval d'un filtre à particules ou tout autre élément de traitement des gaz, ce dispositif comportant : - un premier thermocouple (10) pour effectuer une mesure en amont, - un deuxième thermocouple (20) pour effectuer une mesure en aval, les premier et deuxième thermocouples étant reliés électriquement en série tête-bêche, au moins pendant une phase de fonctionnement du dispositif, - une chaîne de traitement (13, 50) de la tension délivrée par l'ensemble formé par les deux thermocouples électriquement reliés en série, de façon à générer un signal (51) qui est fonction de la différence de température (T2-T1) mesurée par les thermocouples. Device (1) for measuring a temperature difference (T2-T1) upstream and downstream of a member traversed by a fluid, in particular the temperature of a gas upstream and downstream of a particulate filter or any other gas treatment element, this device comprising: a first thermocouple (10) for performing an upstream measurement; a second thermocouple (20) for performing a downstream measurement, the first and second thermocouples being electrically connected in series; at least during an operating phase of the device, a processing chain (13, 50) of the voltage delivered by the assembly formed by the two thermocouples electrically connected in series, so as to generate a signal (51 ) which is a function of the temperature difference (T2-T1) measured by the thermocouples.

TEMPERATURE SENSOR

L'invention concerne un capteur de température à thermocouple comportant - un câble à isolant minéral comportant une gaine de protection (5) présentant un diamètre extérieur inférieur à 4 mm et encapsulant un point chaud (13) d'un thermocouple, et - un tube de renfort fermé (20) fixé, de préférence de manière étanche, sur la gaine de protection, et définissant une chambre (64) dans laquelle est logée la partie de la gaine de protection encapsulant ledit point chaud. A thermocouple temperature sensor comprising: a mineral insulated cable having a protective sheath (5) having an outer diameter of less than 4 mm and encapsulating a hot spot (13) of a thermocouple, and - a tube closed reinforcing member (20) fixed, preferably sealingly, on the protective sheath, and defining a chamber (64) in which is housed the portion of the protective sheath encapsulating said hot spot.

SENSOR FOR DETECTING THE LEVEL OF A LIQUID

La présente invention a pour objet un capteur pour la détection du niveau d'un liquide comprenant une sonde résistive (10) destinée à être partiellement immergée dans le liquide à surveiller, un connecteur électrique (15) pour relier le capteur à une alimentation électrique (20) de la sonde (10) et des moyens (30) de mesure d'une grandeur physique en fonction de l'alimentation électrique appliquée. Le capteur comprend en outre un filtre passe-bas (35) pour protéger ladite sonde (10) de courants hautes fréquences. The present invention relates to a sensor for the detection of the level of a liquid comprising a resistive probe (10) intended to be partially immersed in the liquid to be monitored, an electrical connector (15) for connecting the sensor to a power supply ( 20) of the probe (10) and means (30) for measuring a physical quantity as a function of the applied power supply. The sensor further comprises a low-pass filter (35) for protecting said probe (10) from high-frequency currents.

TEMPERATURE SENSOR

L'invention concerne un capteur de température à thermocouple comportant - un câble à isolant minéral comportant une gaine de protection (5) présentant un diamètre extérieur inférieur à 4 mm et encapsulant un point chaud (13) d'un thermocouple, et - un tube de renfort fermé (20) fixé, de préférence de manière étanche, sur la gaine de protection, et définissant une chambre (64) dans laquelle est logée la partie de la gaine de protection encapsulant ledit point chaud. A thermocouple temperature sensor comprising: a mineral insulated cable having a protective sheath (5) having an outer diameter of less than 4 mm and encapsulating a hot spot (13) of a thermocouple, and - a tube closed reinforcing member (20) fixed, preferably sealingly, on the protective sheath, and defining a chamber (64) in which is housed the portion of the protective sheath encapsulating said hot spot.