PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SEEDS OF HIGH ONES KEIMFAEHIGKEIT FROM THE TAPS OF KONIFEREN

The subject of the invention is a procedure for the production of seeds of high germ ability from the taps of Koniferen, in particular from the taps of the Larcho (Larix decidua) and frame, the Föhre (Pinus frame), the spruce ('Pieea of abies) and frame, and the fir (Abies of abies). These seeds f'mden expanded application with the Produktien of Ferstpflanzen for afforestations and for the planting of Parkaulageu and Ziergltrteu. The rational production of these seeds from the taps of the tree species mentioned st013t also today still on betrachtliche difficulties. An important step with the Samengewirmung is the release of the seeds from the taps. In nature this release takes place allm lich - in technical production all seeds are to be set free as at the same time as possible. Fact that seed becomes by Erwarmen on 50 °C, however under Beeintr', lchtigung the KeimPahigkeit, into which taps are loosened at present for the technical production of Llirehenund Föhreusamen beniltzL altogether is divided at present usual technical procedure into at least two steps: 1) Klengung by Erwllnneu of the taps on the desired temperature and separation of the seeds by a shaking filter, failing thereby. 2) Kleugung by cutting the taps up end to Abtrermung and cleaning of the seeds by different mechanical Veffahreusschritte (seven, Windsichteu, among other things). By this procedure depending upon tree species and location yields at seeds will receive 60% with a Keimkraft from 30 60% from 20. A disadvantage of this procedure is that a large number of outer seeds is accused of with cutting the taps up, from which a decreased germ ability of the seeds results. The gegeustILrtdii¢he invention contains a procedure for the sperm collection, with which the Zerkleinenmgsschritt can be avoided glinzlich, with altogether strongly improved yield and Keimkraft of the seeds. The procedure is characterized erfindungsgemliß by that the taps are illuminated with light of the wavelengths by 400-750 Nm, in particular with blue light. The seed release is facilitated by this irradiation with visible light and thus the yield at set free seeds is strongly increased. Particularly high yields are received with the irradiation with blue light. By the careful kind of the Freiseazung the seeds won in this procedure have a high Keänfähigkeit (70 95%). The seed release is considerably facilitated, if small, 2-5 cm long pieces of branch to remain connected with the taps. The Samenfreis¢tzung succeed however also from directly taps in very good yield, separated at the Zapfeuende (7_, apfeuboden) from the tree. The procedure can be still improved, by for the relief of the seed release from the perfectly closed taps latter additionally with the enzyme catalase, with passwords by Kalziumund potassium salts, and also with hydrogen peroxide are treated. This Zuätze k0unen in various combinations to be used. Also a Vorbehaudlung of the taps at low temperatures up to minus 20 “! a Körung of the Sameufreisetzung can cause 2. Which combination angeführteu of the Bchandiungeu leads to a maximum Sameufreisetzung, depends on the tree species, from which the taps come. In addition, within the species the location of the trees, e.g. the H6henlage, has large influence on the combination of the aforementioned treatments which can be selected, which lead then to a maximum Sameufrciseazung. So e.g. is. a cold weather, shock ftlr the Sameufreisetzung from the taps of Lichen of the high situation (over 1400 m) favorably, wlihmnd with larches from other layers such a treatment only gea'inge distribute brings. With the erf'mdungsgemäßen Beswalüung affects the light of the indicated wave-long Photorezeptoreu, which developed from the dismantling of Pflanzenpigmeuteu, in particular the chlorophyll. The positive effect on the seed release, already ascertainable with Weißlicht, strengthens with use of blue light in high measure. The Aufsprühen of catalase draw on the closed taps improve further the yield outer set free seed. The enzyme catalase is to be seen in close relationship with intermedilireu the hydrogen peroxide metabolism and has from there also large influence on seed maturing and Sameuruhe. By the K talasebehandlung at the same time the germ ability of the seeds v becomes an additive of the salts mentioned, particularly that of the calcium, affects activating various enzymes of the tap and the seed metabolism, whereby both the seed release and the KeimPahigkeit of the seeds are affected positively. The procedure according to invention is accomplished preferentially at temperatures to maximally 40 °C. In the following some examples are indicated for the production of the Kenifereu mentioned by seeds from the taps and their KeimPahigkeit. The Keimf'dhigkeit of the gewonaenen seeds was tested according to the generally usual method. Example 1: 1 kg of Lltrcheuzapfen (Larix decidua) of B iumen the low situation with blue light (25 Watts) 12 hours be.strahlL thereby the taps on a shaking filter is moved. The temperature does not exceed thereby 40 °C. The set free seeds fall by the punches of the filter into a container which is under it. Yield 60 75%. After 6 days 75% in such a way won seed are germinated. RK 396,414 B Beisoiel 2: 1 kg of Lärchenzapfen (Larix deeidua) low situation is sprayed with a solution, which contains 3000 units catalase from cattle liver per litre. Afterwards the taps on a shaking filter become with blue light (25 W) 6 hours illuminated. The temperature does not exceed thereby 40 °C. Yield at set free seeds: 90 95%. After 6 days 85 90% in such a way won seed is germinated. Example 3: 1 kg of Lärchenzapfen low situation is sprayed with a I sung, which contains 3000 Einheitefi catalase and 0.074 g Kalziumhydroxid per litre. Afterwards the taps on a shaking filter become 6 hours with blue light (25 W) exposed. During the whole Beliehtungszeit the temperature under 40 °12 remains. After 6 days 85 95% in such a way won seed is germinated. Example 4: 1 kg of Lärehenzapfen is sprayed with a password, which contains 3000 units Kotala e, 0.074 g Knlziumhydroxid and 6 g hydrogen peroxide in the litre. Afterwards the taps with blue light (25 W) on a shaking filter become 12 hours exposed. During the whole exposure time the temperature remains under *C. Yield at set free seed 95 99%. After 6 days 85 95% in such a way won seed is germinated. Example 5, 1 kg LL henzapfen the MitteUage with a solution, which of 3000 units catalase and 0.1 g Kalziumhydroxid in the litre contain, are sprayed. Afterwards the taps on a shaking filter become 6 hours with blue light (25 W) illuminated. During the whole exposure duration the temperature under 40 remains °C. Yield at set free seed 95%. After 6 days 85% in such a way won seed are germinated. Example 6: 1 kg of Lltrchenzapfen of the high situation (over 1300 m) with a password, which contains 3000 units catalase and 0.1 g Kalziumhydroxid in the litre, are sprayed. Afterwards the taps on a shaking filter become 12 hours with blue light (25 W) exposed. During this time the temperature always remains under 40 °C. Yield at set free seed 60 70%. After 6 days 65 75% in such a way won seed is germinated. Example 7: I kg l., lirchenzapfen the high situation one week with minus 20 °C are stored. Anschliel3end are sprayed it with a password, which of 3000 units catalase and 0.1 g Kalziumhydroxid per litre contain. Afterwards the taps on a shaking filter become 12 hours with blue light (25 W) exposed. During this time the temperature always remains under 40 °C. Yield at set free seed 70 80%. After 6 days 70 80% the so gewormenen seed is germinated. Example 8: I kg of Föhrenzapfen (Pinus silvestrls) of trees center-blaze low situation with blue light 12 stood illuminated (25 W). The taps lie thereby on a Rfittelsieb. The temperature is held during the whole exposure duration under 40 °C. Yield at set free seeds: 80%. After g days are germinated 80% in such a way won seed. Example 9: 1 kg of Föhrenzapfen center-blaze low situation with a solution, which contains 3000 units catalase and 0.1 g Kalziumhydroxid or 0.15 g calcium chloride per litre, are sprayed. Afterwards the taps on a shaking filter become 12 hours with blue light (25 W) exposed. During the whole exposure duration the temperature under 40 is held °C. Yield at set free seed 95%. After 8 days 85% in such a way won seed are germinated. Example 10: 1 kg of Föhrenzapfen of trees of the high situation is sprayed with a solution, which contains 3000 units catalase and 0.1 g Kalzinmhydroxid per litre. Afterwards the taps on a shaking filter become with blue light (25 W) 12 hours illuminated. During the whole exposure duration the temperature under 40 is held *C. The yield at set free seeds amounts to 75 85%. After 8 days 70 90% in such a way won seed is germinated. Beistfi¢l! ! ; 1 kg of taps of spruce (Pieea of abies) is sprayed with a solution, which contains 3000 units catalase and 0.1 g Kalziumhydroxid per litre. Afterwards the taps on a shaking filter with blue light RK become 396,414 B (25 W) 5 hours illuminated. Wgdlrend of the whole Befichtungsdauer is held the temperature under 40 °C. The yield at set free seeds betrltgt 85 95%. After 6 days 85 95% in such a way won seed is germinated.