PROCEDURE FOR THE SEPARATION OF A FINE-GRAINED ONE, TIGHTLY PACKED ONE CELEBRATIONS OF MATERIAL OF A LIQUID, WITH WHICH THE FINE-GRAINED MATERIAL IS IMPREGNATED

The invention concerns a procedure for the separation of a fine-grained, tightly packed firm material of a liquid, with which the fine-grained material is impregnated. The fine-grained material can exist in some cases of metal connections essentially without value, e.g. from certain pickling bath products, which are safe for the environment, with which the liquid phase can be harmful s however hechgiftig or for other reasons for the environment. In other cases the fine-grained material can be more valuable, so that it is desirable to strive for it. That concerns both certain kinds of pickling precipitation as well as certain metal oxides in powder form from venturi filters in metallurgical plants. Another material, which can be treated favourably according to invention, is received with the machine cutting treatment of pieces of I0 from high-speed steel and other hochgrädigen alloys. With such a machine cutting treatment sharpening procedures are often accomplished in connection with cutting oil or other liquids or chemicals. With these procedures very fine-grained, in a liquid phase, e.g. forms like oil or an oily emulsion, soaked SGhleifabfäile. With the conditions no practically suitable procedure for the handling of these Schleifabfälle exists to the technology, obwoh! it a high value in the form of alloy metals represent. On the contrary, the handling of this material created difficult Abfallund of environmental problems. It is often desirable, the metal content in waste material of obenbesuhriebener kind in metaIIurgischen blast furnaces umzuschmelzen. That is with the present state of the art however not possibly, primarily for the following three reasons: If the material is brought freely into the blast furnace, then a liquid runs down to the ground of the blast furnace and cools and soaks the ground, so that in the blast furnace lining tears develop; if the material impregnated with liquid is brought in closed containers into the blast furnace, evaporate the volatile components, which can lead the large liquid volume under unfavorable conditions to bangs and explosions forms a quantity smoke, which affects the internal and outside environment unfavorably. IT is from there a first-rate goal of the invention of separating a fine-grained, tightly packed firm material by a liquid, with which the fine-grained material is impregnated, so that one can handle the firm material in desired way. In particular insists if the liquid phase malicious or on other way for the environment is harmful, while the firm phase is harmless fi} r the environment, however on the other hand from no substantial economic value is, a goal of depositing the firm material as well as other waste material. If the firm phase contains on the other hand valuable elements, e.g. valuable alloying elements, it is a goal of the invention of removing the liquid in order to use the firm material further, e.g. “to the Chargieren of metallurgical blast furnaces with the material. Still different goal of the invention is also the possibility of the separation of the liquid from the mass impregnated with liquid, in order to be able to reuse the liquid. These and other goals can be achieved by that the mass in a container is collected; that the mass collected in the container is from downside heated up, so that the liquid, beginning in the lower part of the mixture, is evaporated in a vaporization zone and the liquid in the higher parts of the mass toward the mass to the surface is upward pushed, where the liquid is collected and removed from where the liquid from the container. So that the liquid, if it concerns an inflammable, does not catch fires, the heating without each air supply takes place. During the last process step the remaining liquid is so hot that, if the liquid consists oil of oil or and/or appropriate Agentien contains something can form for 8auch. This belly and/or this gas can be burned by means of a safety flame or be used for the heating of the container. The procedure according to invention is based on the following principles: a) “a sufficiently large gas pressure in the lower parts of the paste-like mass is to be manufactured by heating the container up from downside, so that the gas upward pushes the liquid with a certain desired speed. This condition can be expressed through d_.yv = A A. dp, (i) dt” dy whereby the following definitions to be valid: data processing D " - = VOL around river of the liquid A = horizontal plane of section A = permeability dp= pressure gradient in vertical direction. dy b) the grain size, or more exactly said the seal packing degree is like that to be that gas bubbles essentially do not move upward and Flfissigkeitstropfen essentially do not fall downward into the area between the grains (or particles). A i0 movement of the liquid is to be prevented by the capillary forces in the finely divided mixture with other words. It hiebei accepted that a gas bubble with a tendency is subjected to upward-rise in the critical moment, if it is in the process becoming detached zwef to forces, i.e. the free lift, which is upward arranged, and which surface tension, which as Kraft works downward. A liquid drop, which becomes detached and falls downward, is affected in reverse way. If the channels between the particles are smaller in the mixture than the radius of the critical gas bubbles and/or drops, therefore the movement of the liquid prevents. 4 RA the force of gravity FT = “(F1 üssigkeit - p gas)” g Oberfläehenspannkraft Fy = C. 2 r with smallest critical Blasenund drop radius is FT = Fy. The smallest critical Blasenoder drop radius rcrit, which defines the lowest desired seal packing degree, is thus rcrit = 2 (liquid - PGas) “g (2) whereby the following definitions are valid: r = blister radius A = surface tension liquid - gas p = density g = Schwerkraftbeschlsunigung of the seal packing degrees should be thus like that the smallest width of the channels between the particles does not exceed the double critical radius rcrit. c) The gas pressure PGas at the ground of the container should be more highly than the hydrostatisehe pressure of the liquid, but lower than the hydrostatic pressure of the entire quantity of the paste-like mixture over the gas volume. Otherwise gas would penetrate from lower regions through the mixture. That results in the following expression: PAtin + P liquid “g” (h, + h2) < PGas < PAtin + mixture “g 'h2 + liquid” g “h, (3) whereby h, = height of the liquid volume collected at the surface dere mass, h2 = height calls liquid impregnated mass. By connection of the expression (3) with the equation (i) can the maximum Trenngesohwindigkeit be calculated. In accordance with a further developed, execution form according to invention a procedure for the separation of the liquid from the firm material is ordered by an essentially continuous process. It is also a goal of the execution form of obtaining also regarding the heat energy a still larger Wirtsahaftlichkeit and of achieving preferably also a higher purity of the products by an essentially continuous counter current process. Further it is a goal of another, still far developed execution form of the invention of increasing the “maximum” separation speed still further. In accordance with the execution form of the invention will this by increase the gas pressure gradients in the vertical direction in the mass by increase of the difference of the gas pressure PGas in the lower part of the mass and the pressure on the firm phase at the surface of the mass ensured, for exceeding by heating up obtained “that can by it be achieved that an outside pressure Py is applied on the firm phase from above, e.g. by presses of a wire mesh against the firm phase, whereby the wire mesh lets the liquid through, not however the firm phase. Another method is vacuum eyes above at the container, i.e. vacuum eyes from the area of the container present over the mass surface. These two alternatives can be also combined. Equation (3) can therefore on (4) to be extended: + +. gh +. gh vacuum + p liquid “g (h + h2) < PGas < Py PVakuum mass 2 0Flüssigkeit • (of 4} through or the difference of pressure between the gas pressure PGas in the vaporization zone in the lower part of the mass and the pressure increases both these means to the firm phase at the surface of the mass. At the same time the Verdampfungspunkt is affected in a favorable direction. The invention is more near described now on the basis some preferential execution forms. Also to the designs is referred, which represent the principles of the execution forms schematically. Fig.1 shows a container with a mass containing a liquid, from which the liquid phase is separated from the firm phase. Fig.2 shows a set of containers, whose liquid content is separated. Fig.3 illustrates a further developed execution form of the invention for continuous liquid separation. Fig.4 illustrates another further developed execution form of the invention and shows a container with a mass containing a liquid, where the liquid phase is separated from the firm phase, and Fig.5 shows the printing conditions in the container of the execution form according to invention represented in Fig.4 and/or Fig.l. Referring to the Fig.1 is a gelatinous mass of metalliferous and with a liquid soaked particle generally also --I-- designated. If the metalliferous particles consist of metal oxides of venturi filters of metallurgical blast furnaces or of metal connections of pickling, the particles have normally “microscopic” size, i.e. a size in the order of magnitude of I0 pm or smaller. If the particles consist of Schleifabfällen, then the majority of the Schleifabfälle has a size of, those of very small, relatively round particles with a size of about (5 pm varied up to somewhat larger, usually oblong particles with sizes of about 150 × 2 {} pm. This mixture from fine particles and liquid forms one leaves --1-- with charakterlstlscher Gallertkonsistenz. The mass --I-- becomes in a container --2-- collected, which consists in accordance with the execution form of a conventional oil ton, how they are normally used as transport containers for the present “Abfallprcdukte”. The container --2-- becomes with a cover --3-- hermetically locked. A burner --4-- is under the container for heating contents of the container up --2-- planned. In accordance with the represented execution form the burner is a gas burner, which makes it possible in a practical way to intercept also with the heating process received combustible gases. Naturally also different heating procedures can be considered, as e.g. heating up by means of a ÖIbrenners, which was used favourably for execution by attempts. Also electrical heating up is prinzpiell conceivable. The number --5-- designates a line for taking the combustible gases off. An overflow channel is also --6-- designated. Closing valves in the gas line and in the overflow channel --6-- are also --7 and/or 8-- designated. Liquid, which is collected gradually at the mass surface, is also --9-- designated. Nr.361881 although this with normal conditions as unnecessary proved, is it possible to separate the top of the partly dried mass of Bodenund center section and first part umzuleeren into a new container to the further liquid withdrawal. Like that it is possible to receive a mass which is practically liquid-free. The invention can be illustrated with the following examples. Example 1: 110 a 1 of a mass containing Ö] ton consisting of Schleifabfällen of high-speed steel soaked in cutting oil from downside by means of an oil burner one heated up. Oil rate in the container with beginning of the attempt was 32.5% of the mass. After 10 h oil rate in the Bedenteil of the container had been reduced D, h to less than 0.2%. this part of the container was 10praktisch oil-free. Also the center of the mass was essentially de-oiled, while the outside parts had dropped with a level on 4,2 and/or 2,4%, represented in Fig.l. In the top of the mass oil rate in the center section 17.0% and in the outside parts amounted to 9.5 and/or 15.5%. The points of sample are drawn in Fig.1. On top was an oil bed, which by the overflow channel --6-- one derived. At the end of de-oiling a hot oil smoke formed, for that by the line --5-- one derived and one burned än a safety flame. A number of from conventional Ö! tons existing containers one de-oiled in this way. Afterwards the containers with contents in an electrical 30-Tonnen-Lichtbogenofen in quantities up to 2 t per load were melted. 1.5 t per load proved as suitable quantity, which corresponded to 5% of the entire load at raw materials. There was not a tendency to bangs as well as no danger of an accelerated lining wear or a considerable smoke development. Example 2: In this case the mass existed --i-- from mud, which consisted of depressed MetalIverbindungen. These extremely small particles consisted essentially of Eisenverbindungen. The liquid was an aqueous solution. This mass, which contained about 45% water, was heated up according to invention in an oil ton in the way illustrated in Fig.1. The aqueous solution --9--, which was collected gradually at the surface, it became derived on which the essentially dried material as well as other waste material could be deposited, without affecting the environment harmful. Fig.2 points a production plant in schematic representation to the Durcbführung of the procedure of the execution form according to invention shown in Fig.1. The containers --1-- are on a common stove --10-- arranged, as is shown in the designs. The separated liquid becomes by a line --la-- to a collecting container --12-- through-carried. Gas, which forms with the separation of liquid, becomes, if it is inflammable, in accordance with the execution form heating up in the stove --10-- used and for this purpose by a line --13-- supplied. Fig.3 shows a plant for continuous treatment according to invention. According to this execution form of the procedure according to invention the raw material has the form of a mud with a very high liquid content, e.g. a mud, which contains pickling deposits. A plant shown in Fig.3 is from there with a tilting basin --21-- with Chargiervorrichtungen --22-- for the new raw material provide, the basin --21-- has a bent ground, so that the deposits collect themselves primarily in the deepest part of the basin. Suitable means of transport can be intended for the transport of the deposit by other parts of the basin ground. That is schematiseh in Fig.3 by a Eäumgerät --23-- represented. The mud in the basin --21-- is also --24-- designated. In the deepest part of the basin a container is in form of a pit --25-- planned, in which the set off, flüssigkeitshaltige mass is gradually collected. Underneath the pit is a heating source --26-- planned. According to the execution form this heating source exists it of a number of oil burners, can however also of gas burners, electrical heating mechanisms, mechanisms for the use of waste heat from dern processes or a combination of the heating sources mentioned consist on. A discharge device for the liquid phase is also --30-- designated. This device consists after the execution form of an overflow channel. Also different emptying devices conceivably, like e.g. are a Saugvorriehtung. In the Bedenteßl of the pit - the container --25-- - is a flume for material with a high content of dry substance. In the flume --27-- conveyer systems are intended, e.g. one of an engine --29-- claimant auger --28--. The auger --28-- extends also by the lower part of the pit --25--, so that the dry material by the channel, in the floor part of the pit --27-- to be away-carried can. The channel --27-- flows into a photographic chamber --31--, in which positive pressure prevails. That is symbolic in the Fig.3 by a compressor --32-- represented. A container for separated dry material is also --34-- designated. Around the liquid separation capacity in the pit --25-- to increase, the mechanism can do terpresse also with a Fi] - --33-- provided its. In order to increase the capacity still further, it is also possible, the pit --25-- to subject one from above coming vacuum. That requires however an amended construction of the plant, which is not represented in Fig.3. The above, briefly described plant is to function in the following way. By the line --22-- becomes Bohmaterial in mud form the basin --21-- supplied. The firm material sets off and becomes in the pit --25-- collected. The clearing equipment --23-- or an appropriate mechanism is used, if necessary. The pit - the container --25-- - becomes by means of the pickling plant--26-- from downside heats ago. The liquid in the pit --25-- evaporates for mass present in the lower part of the pit. Under the condition that the criteria indicated in the introduction of this description are fulfilled, urge steam or other gases the liquid by the pit upward. By Begelung of the Wä]: mezufuhr dry material can essentially continuously by means of the auger --28-- by the flume --27-- are taken, during at the same time new material from above zuù. Pit --25-- one supplies. By the zone evaporation developed, upward arranged and on the liquid Kraft working in the mass it is thus in such a way adjusted that it with the supply of new liquid by the continuous supply of new damp mass to the 25Schacht --25-- and with the Ent] eerung of dry material from the floor part of the pit step holds. The floor part of the pit --25-- at the same time to a certain positive pressure, steam and other gases of it are subject hold, the pit by the flume --27-- to leave. , The dry material from the chamber is recommended --31-- to remove over an exhausting valve, so that the procedure can be perfectly continuously implemented. It is also possible that the pit --25-- with more than one flume, which can be alternatively used, thus dafi the withdrawal without interruptions is provided in the supply being accomplished can. In Fig.4 and 5 another further developed Ausfübrungsform of the procedure according to invention is illustrated. The mass which can be treated can be from the same kind, as regarding Fig.1 the described or of another material specified in the description introduction to consist. To the Fig.4 a container is referring --41-- shown and a cover] --42--. The damp mass in the container --41--“is also --43-- designated. With the situation represented in the designs the liquid is separate from the lower mass parts in the container. The lower. drier part, which essentially consists consequently of relatively dry powder, is also --44-- designated. Between the dry part --44-- and with liquid durchtränk%en 40Masse --43-- a vaporization zone exists --45--, those by heating tank capacity up from downside by means of a number of burners --46-- comes off. A line for the derivative of the combustible gas from the container --41-- is also --47-- designated. The line --47-- is to a tire pump --48-- to the production of a vacuum in the container in the tree --49-- over the mass --43-- attached. Around the pressure on the firm phase in the mass --43--, i.e. to the quantity of the firm particles in the mass to increase, is a piston --50-- planned, that against the mass --48-- by means of sealing by the cover --42-- penetrating bar --51-- to be downward pressed can. Pressing the piston --50-- against the mass --43-- been made by a wire mesh --52--, whereby liquid of the mass --43-- by the wire mesh, that for the firm particles in the mass --43-- is essentially impermeable, to penetrate can. By the wire mesh --52-- filtered liquid penetrates gradually through openings --53-- in the piston --50-- further and becomes as liquid volume --54-- collected. The liquid volume --54-- becomes from the container --41-- up-sucked, by the line --47-- by a liquid intake after removal of the vaccum pump --48-- one replaces. Alternatively can take place the derivative of the liquid under vacuum with vainer particularly apparatus planned for liquid exhaust. It is also possible, the liquid volume --54-- to remove in a last step after finished separation of the liquid from the firm phase in the container. The vaporization zone rises gradually in the mass --43-- upward. Fig.5 shows the condition after the treatment of approximately half of the mass quantity in the container. The printing conditions in the container are schematically represented in the diagram in Fig.5. The continuous line in the diagram shows thus the conditions in accordance with the further developed execution form of the invention, whereby a difference of pressure of P2 between the pressure in the “dry” part --44-- the mass in the container and the gas pressure at the surface of the mass exists. The strichlierte line in the diagram in Fig.5 shows the appropriate conditions if the pressure in the area --49-- in the top of the container --41-- and the piston corresponds to the atmospheric pressure --50-- not against the mass --43-- one presses. The difference of pressure p, which will receive in this case, is substantially smaller than the difference of pressure Ap2. The procedure in accordance with this execution form can be combined also with a continuous supply of new mass into the top of the container and a continuous derivative of the separated liquid and the dried material, whereby the level of the vaporization zone in the area is kept essentially constant.