MULTI-COMPONENT FORCE MEASURING INSTRUMENT

The invention concerns multi-component Kraft measuring instrument with a dynamometer effective in force main direction of one the one which can be measured Kraft and with at least two transverse force measuring instruments.

In many applications, in particular also with the examination of force receivers, in the special case force normal measuring instruments, it is to be represented desired, those forces which can be measured regarding all determining sizes, i.e. amount, angle and space coordinates, precisely and determined. It concerns not only the accurate illustration the size Kraft through the components, but above all also around the possibility determining it, of reducing the Messunsicherheiten of multi-component Kraft receivers substantially to possibility on the level from single component-comparison-normal.

An instrumentation definition of a large Kraft with very high accuracy is possible so far practically only by dead load machines. The handling of large Totlasten is however complex and unpractical. In addition a substantial restriction consists of the fact that with dead load machines the force direction and force size are given by the force of gravity. The force direction cannot be selected from there in arbitrary spatial process.

Multi-component Kraft measuring instruments of the kind initially specified are well-known; they make possible however only the collection of transverse force influences during the power measurement by means of a dynamometer. A complete representation of the measured forces regarding all determining sizes, i.e. amount, angle and space coordinates, is however not possible thereby.

Task of the invention is it to train multi-component Kraft measuring instrument of the kind initially specified in such a way that all are seized Kraft determining sizes which can be measured and Kraft after amount, angle and space coordinates with high accuracy be represented can.

This task is solved according to invention by the fact that the dynamometer is supported over a supporting mechanism decoupling of transverse force influences in force main direction at a basis body that between the basis body and the dynamometer transverse forces a transverse force deformation body measuring transferring into two axles and is arranged, which is decoupled against a force application in force main direction, and that on that the basis body opposite side of the dynamometer a force application body is arranged, with the dynamometer is connected to which by bending moment measuring instrument.

The dynamometer is decoupled in force main direction of transverse force influences. The spatial angle deviation those which can be measured Kraft of the force main direction, given , by geometry of the dynamometer is measured by deformation of the transverse force deformation body. This is again decoupled against the introduction Kraft in force main direction, so that the determination of the transverse forces takes place uninfluenced by that very much larger force component in force main direction.

The attack place those which can be measured Kraft is determined by the bending moment measuring instrument. If Kraft which can be measured central into the dynamometer one introduces, no bending moment in the force application place arises. However if a bending moment is measured there, then from it the attack place can the one which can be measured Kraft be determined to that.

Kraft which can be determined from there with high accuracy by it is illustrated the determining components. The Messunsicherheiten of the today available multi-component Kraft receivers can be reduced thereby to the level by comparison-normal.

Beyond that the user can represent and determine also large forces without unpractical handling of complex Totlasten with the help of the multi-component Kraft measuring instrument according to invention accurately. The multi-component Kraft measuring instrument can be normally used as force vector, which is suitable for the mobile employment also, with which 6-Komponenten-Messeinrichtungen can be attached for the first time to the national force and moment-normal, which are realized by complex dead load machines generally. Also the examination of existing force normal measuring instruments on direction and situation of the produced normal force becomes thereby for the first time possible.

Preferably the used dynamometer is a bending ring dynamometer. Such bending ring dynamometers are in different execution forms admit and for the power measurement in particular suitably.

In order to decouple the bending ring dynamometer from transverse force influences to, in accordance with a favourable execution form of the invention outer ring of the bending ring dynamometer is supported over in force main direction running pendulum bending supports at the basis body. These bending supports represent one technically and constructionally simple possibility of transferring on the one hand high forces into force main direction to eliminate on the other hand however the influence as far as possible from right-angled transverse forces running in addition.

In arrangement of the invention thought it is intended that the transverse force deformation body is connected by a diaphragm extending transverse to the force main direction with the dynamometer and/or the basis body. This diaphragm transfers the diaphragm level toward arranged transverse forces; it is in normal direction for this, i.e. in the force main direction, however so easily ductile that the influence, of the relatively high force component working in force main direction on the transverse force measurement eliminated as far as possible.

The transverse force deformation body serving for the determination of the transverse forces in two axles is preferably in the cross section of square hollow bodies, whose walls are equipped with strain gauges. Thus the determination of the transverse forces in two axles leaves itself in simple way and with small space requirement would drive through.

Further favourable arrangements of the invention thought are the subject of further Unteransprüche.

The invention we with a remark example more near describes in the following, which is represented in the design. It shows:

• Fig. 1 multi-component Kraft measuring instrument in the profile,
• Fig. 2 a cut along the line II-II in Fig. 1 and
• Fig. 3 a cut along the line III III in Fig. 1.

The multi-component Kraft measuring instrument represented in the design forms a vector sensor, which makes the regulation Kraft regarding all it for determining sizes, i.e. amount, angle and space coordinates possible. The multi-component Kraft measuring instrument exhibits a dynamometer 1 implemented as bending ring dynamometer, which is rotationally symmetrically arranged and whose axle given by their geometry is called force main direction z here.

The bending ring dynamometer 1 exhibits a bend ring 2, which carries strain gauges 3, 4 at its two faces, which form circulating for example in each case turns and with an electronic evaluation mechanism 5 are connected. The bending ring 2 is connected by a circulating Ringsteg 6, which forms a bending joint, with outer ring 7. The bending ring 2 is connected by an internal Ringsteg 8, which forms a bending joint, with central, to partly hollowcylindrically implemented interior body 9. One between the central interior body 9 and the outer ring 7 Kraft working in force main direction z leads to a deformation of the bending ring 2 in the way that the strain gauges 3 are tossed on a face of the bending ring 2 and the strain gauges 4 on the other face of the bending ring 2 are stretched. These opposite length variations of the strain gauges 3 and 4 lead in each case to a change of the electrical resistance and supply thereby measuring signals to the evaluation mechanism 5.

The outer ring 7 of the dynamometer 1 is supported over three pendulum bending supports 10 at a for example plattenförmigen basis body 11 implemented as slim bending staffs. The pendulum bending supports 10 extend in the force main direction z. The pendulum bending supports 10 are clamped with the represented remark example at their two ends in each case. The decoupling effect arises as a result of the S-förmige deflection of the pendulum bending supports 10th place its is also an execution obtained with very small Kraft as pure print bars without introduction of a bending moment possible.

Between the basis body 11 and the bending ring dynamometer 1 a transverse force deformation body 12 is arranged, that with the represented remark example in the cross section (Fig. 2) square hollow body is, whose walls 13 at their insides with strain gauges 14, 15 are equipped. Instead the transverse force deformation body can be also with other Querschnitsform implemented, for example with round hollow or full cross section. The Dhnungsmessstreifen can be appliziert also at the exterior of the transverse force deformation body 12.

The strain gauges 14, 15 are connected with the evaluation mechanism 5 and serve for the determination of the transverse forces arising toward the axles x and y. For this the transverse force deformation body 12 on the one hand fixed at the basis body 11 and on the other hand at a diaphragm 16 is, which is connected transverse to the force main direction z extended and with the outer ring 7 of the dynamometer 1. Instead the diaphragm could be arranged also between the transverse force deformation body 12 and the basis body 11, whereby a rigid connection of the transverse force deformation body 12 with the outer ring 7 of the dynamometer 1 was then selected.

The diaphragm 16, which is to a large extent rigid in force main direction z easily ductile and in by the axles the x, y determined normal level for this, transfers toward the axles x, y working transverse forces the transverse force deformation body 12 and decouples this however as far as possible of the axial force substantially working in force main direction z higher in relation to the transverse forces.

Kraft F which can be measured at the front side at a force application body 17 is introduced, whereby the force application takes place only ideally accurately in the force main direction z and in the axle center of the dynamometer 1. Practical is to be assumed Kraft F which can be measured outside of the axle center and spatially in an angle for force main direction z one introduces.

Between the force application body 17 and the interior body 9 of the dynamometer 1 a hollow cylinder 18 is arranged, which is connected resistant to bending both with the force application body 17 and with the interior body 9 of the dynamometer 1. The hollow cylinder 18 is equipped at its cylinder wall with strain gauges 19, 20, which are connected with the evaluation mechanism 5. The strain gauges 19, 20 are appliziert at the inside of the cylinder wall of the hollow cylinder 18. Instead of its is to be applizieren also possible, the strain gauges at the exterior. During an eccentric introduction Kraft F at the force application body 17 a bending moment arises in the hollow cylinder 18, which is converted by length variations of the strain gauges 19, 20 and thereby caused changes of electrical resistance into a measuring signal, which is transmitted to the evaluation mechanism 5.

If Kraft F which can be measured into the multi-component Kraft measuring instrument one introduces and one supports over their basis body 11, the force component working in force main direction z is determined by the bending ring dynamometer 1. Transverse forces toward the axles x and y due to an angle deviation Kraft F of the main force direction z are determined over the transverse force deformation body 12 and its strain gauges 14, 15. An eccentric deviation of the point of attack Kraft F from the axle center of the force application body 17 leads to a bending moment, which is determined over a deformation of the hollow cylinder 18 and length variations of the strain gauges 19, 20 applizierten there.

Thus all are present Kraft F determining sizes, i.e. amount, angles and space coordinates in the evaluation mechanism, which are used computationally for a complete and with high accuracy definition Kraft F which can be required. The evaluation mechanism 5 is connected with an only schematically suggested expenditure or indicator plant 20.

Since the determination those which can be measured Kraft F - contrary to the use of a dead load machine - without influence of the force of gravity, takes place, the multi-component Kraft measuring instrument can be used in arbitrary direction, so that a mobile employment is made possible. Thus existing force normal measuring instruments can be examined for direction and situation of the produced normal force. The multi-component Kraft measuring instrument forms thus transfer-normally.