VЕRFАНRЕN UND АNLАGЕ ZUМ VЕRWЕRТЕN VОN ЕISЕN- UND SСНWЕRМЕТАLLНÄLТIGЕN RЕSТSТОFFЕN UND/ОDЕR ЕISЕNЕRZ

The invention concerns a procedure and a plant for using eisenund sch metallh ltigen residual substances and if necessary iron ore. A groi3es problem eisenund of the steal-producing industry is appropriate in st ndig results quantities on eisenund schwermetallh for ltigen residual substances, how for example Ofenst uben, Schl men, mill scales and such a thing, which are only at grol em expenditure of a recycling course lich and from there is usually deposited, without pulling from its valuable material contents use. Of 0kologischer and economic view a need consists to separate that in the residual substances vorl dene iron yon its Begleitmetallen and it in the Eisenoder Stahlerzeugul prozel zur0ckzuf0hren. A procedure of the initially described kind is the INMETCOVerfahren. Here wel iron-rich H0ttenreststoffe with firm reducing agents to ungebrannten, so-called “gr0J pellets agglomeriert and in a rotary-hearth furnace reduces, whereby the heavy metals verdaml: with the exhaust gas taken off and anschliel end in a melting furnace melted and/or. point welfare to be brikettiert. The disadvantages of this procedure are in the necessity for a pretreatment stage, into which residual substances are agglomedert, and in separately the durchgef0hrten Reduktionsund EinschrT prozel whereby twice the energy for heating the residual substances are applied mul3 in each case an own waste gas system one needs. With in the DE-44 39,939 A1 described procedure are melted residual substances in egg fusion cyclone, the heavy metals are evaporated and from the exhaust gas after one dation as a dust parliamentary group separated. The remaining cinder in a lower furnace D blowing up yon at heavy metals one continues to become impoverished to reduction gas and oxygen and one uses in the F as material used f r the Zementoder stone wool production. The iron is not regenerated into the procedures] edoch, whereby a substantial component of the residual substances uses ul remains. A problem during the pig iron production places in relative grol'& amp; EN quantities available F ore portion, which is to be handled Einschmelzprozel% difficult with Reduktionsund. So success reduction of the Feinerzes usually in Wirbelschichtreaktoren, which wound a grol3en technical cause. Also bringing the reduced Feiner-zes into a melting furnace erfot machine complex devices, whose life span due to dutch the Reaktivit caused t of sponge iron for Verschleii3es ur is only limited. From the US-5,639,293 A it is well-known to collect a pre-reduction of iron ore by Verwirbe of the iron ore particles with oxygen and a reduction gas in a fusion cyclone durc f {Jhren and the melted iron particles in a metallurgical Gef l underneath fusion cyclone and to reduce by injecting oxygen by means of one central by fusion cyclone rising up lance and addition of fuel, whereby a reduction gas ascending in fusion cyclone is formed, which is sucked off after reaction together with the ice with developing exhaust gases at the upper end of the fusion cyclone. By the K0hlwirkung central of the oxygen lance in accordance with l of the US-5,639,293 A, rager by the fusion cyclone into the Schmelzgef l, it can come in the fusion cyclone to Verb@rungen of the reduced iron ore. A device for the reduction and melting iron ore is descriptive in the EP-0 735,141. In accordance with IL of the EP-0 735,146 A1 iron ore in a fusion cyclone is reduced melted and arrived in itself directly a Gef metallurgical below the Schmelz.z.yklons anschliei3el under formation of a Prozer& gas out on cinder /M the layer of blown up coal and injected oxygen the final reduction and the pollster melt opens of the iron takes place. The reducing Prozel%gas is burned partly with Sauel and supplies in this way both in the Schmelzgef@l and in the fusion cyclone di the melt and the reduction n0tige Warmed. The exhaust gases are taken off to the upper Offnung of fusion cyclone. The separation from cinder and pig iron mul the melt only in a Absetzgef l% 0ber become, since with these well-known devices a tap opening is intended in the lower G only in each case. Due to the open fusion cyclone ground and associated not overhand R ckstrt mung in the fusion cyclone it comes (: Amphibian the Gegenstromf hrung and thereby vet 2 verJen mngangsden ien " EN, more ahJder elzJnd m:)xirrch) lge; em ge indie \ ufJert ung tZU - that that |ore the pre A1 and tall ige toff for ihrt, Pa nen) unAT 407,878 B dene turbulence of the reduction gas gegen0ber the iron ore particles to a increased verse deaf degree, animal dutch drug along cinder particles is still worsened and to a substantial discharge of particles from the fusion cyclone with from the fusion cyclone upward the abgefi3hrten exhaust gas f0hrt. The invention aims at the removal of these disadvantages and places themselves the task to create a procedure and a plant which m6glich make it, eisenund schwermetallh ltige residual substances, in particular from eisenund the steal-producing Industde, and if necessary iron ore environmentalcarefully - under avoidance of a Deponierung - to process, whereby the iron can be used, i.e. the steelmaking benefits. The moreover only one exhaust gas stream is produced, whereby plant costs are saved as well as and emissions are minimized the possible efficiency of a EnergieMJckgewinnung are increased. This task becomes invention in accordance with i by the combination of the following characteristics gel0st: - residual substances and if necessary iron ore in fusion cyclone with R0ckstrOmung brought in, - into the fusion cyclone zus tzlich reducing agents and oxygen are brought in and swirled, - iron in fusion cyclone at least to FeO reduced, - heavy metals will in fusion cyclone metals reduced and by evaporation in gaseous phase 0berf0hrt, - which thereby developing gas, which is if necessary heavymetalliferous, the part-reduced iron and the cinder to become into a directly coupled furnace 0berf0hrt, - which furnace electricity zugefOhrt, - into the furnace to become Reduktionsrnittel and oxygen or oxygen-enriched air brought in, - iron will become in the furnace reduced and melted, and the evaporated heavy metals aul erhalb the furnace struck down. Welters is by Verwendun9 of a fusion cyclone with R (mung, which is caused dutch a Einschnl3rung in the fusion cyclone ground, a small verse deaf degree ckstrt mbglich. Eisenund the heavymetalliferous residual substances and iron ore achieve a hohere period spent in the fusion cyclone if necessary by the R0ckstrOmung and become only in the fl0ssigen and/or gaseous condition into the furnace 0berf0hrt. Even during an arrangement of the fusion cyclone 0ber dern furnace cinder particles are held by the Einschn0rung from einern penetration into the fusion cyclone. Besides it does not give to be delivered groove a Auslal ffnung, which is intended in the ground of the fusion cyclone, thus dal particles by means of one dutch the fusion cyclone upward flowing gas k0nnen. Invention in accordance with s are compelling mtliche materials and gases chargierte into the fusion cyclone, into which furnace Liberzugehen can be processed, so them there efficiently. From this also the advantage of only one exhaust gas stream, n results mlich from the furnace, which is treatable accordingly simply and kosteng0nstig. Favourably also Feinerz can be used as eisenh ltiger residual substance, in particular with a portion of purifying particles, which originate from the ore preparation or from the abrasion from a pelletizing plant. Bringing in yon reducing agents, which run off favourably firmly, flessig or gaseously brought in werden0 and oxygen, preferably technical oxygen or oxygen-enriched air, effected horizontal, preferably tangential, into the perpendicularly arranged fusion cyclone, w0durch the Vorg nge Stoffund of the W rme0bertragung very fast. Reducing agents and oxygen are added to evaporation in metallic condition controlled in such quantities, dal3 the heavy metals w hrend a fusion procedure dutch into the gaseous phase 0berf (to be hrt and the iron up to the bivalent ferric oxide FeO is reduced at least. Schwermetallh the ltige gas, the part-reduced iron and the cinder become from the fusion cyclone by means of a feeder line, which is arranged between the ground opening of the fusion cyclone and the fusion cyclone a directly following furnace, into the furnace 0berfOhrt, preferably dutch the cover or by a side panel of the furnace, as well as if necessary waiters maximally an intermediate chamber arranged at the wall of the furnace, which permits a particularly effective separation of a zone of fusion of that Reduktionszone in the furnace. The intermediate chamber, into which the feeder line miJndet, can be also as furnace exit gas line RK 407,878 B ausgef0hrt. In order to reduce, firm reducing agent, preferably coal or char the part-reduced iron available in the form of bivalent Eisenexid in the Schrr to iron metal, to h ltige Abf lle (those at least partially yon fine particles are formed), with oxygen odor s of material-enriched air into the melt is injected. Injecting these materials can take place Unterbadeinblasd0sen or cuber lances, which dive into the slag layer mende on the iron molten bath sch. The furnace is for this purpose provided with off now gene for the Lal. The Einblasd0sen lies zweckm r& reducing agents and/or oxygen are connected industrial union to the Toil underneath the metal bath level with Zuf0hrungen for. The lances k0f after everyone the specialist admitted kind in the furnace arranged its. Due to the density variation the reduced Metalltrt sets) pfchen at the ground of omen in the iron molten bath, which are cut tap hole own just like the cinder favourably separately 0be continuously odor intermittent from the furnace ka Zus tzlich to that and/or the residual substances ltigen in the fusion cyclone melted and before-reduced ice more undtoder eisenund schwermetallh can a portion of rough parliamentary group directly in furnace are chargiert, preferably 0ber off a suitable into the furnace m0ndende Zuf0hrung, spielsweise in the cover or in a side panel of the furnace. The maintenance to the tap of cinder and pig iron melt notwenc of the temperature the furnace electricity becomes zugef0hrt, which prevents aui3erdem a premature Abs, dung of the heavy metals within the range of the furnace. Preferably the energy a direct arc of the melt becomes zugef0hrt. Particularly favourably the Zuf proved {by means of at least an electrode rising up into the furnace, both direct current and alternating current m6glich to h of the electricity is. The evaporated heavy metals are subjected together with the furnace exhaust gas directly at the GasaL of an afterburning, whereby the heavy metals become into a firm oxidic F 0berf0hrt, which after a separation from the remaining exhaust gas in a Niedersch] mechanism of a subsequent treatment zugef0hrt become can. If the products, imlich schwermetallh tiges and melt, originating from the fusion cyclone, are introduced n first into an intermediate chamber, the introduction takes place schwerm, h of iltigen gas into the furnace exhaust gas, alas 0ber the intermediate chamber from the furnace taken off in this intermediate chamber, whereupon the further treatment that takes place together gases. Zweckm l'& amp; industrial union is equipped the Schmelzzyk] on, the Ofengef l above the metal mirror as well as g benenfalls the intermediate chamber with a Verdampfungsk0hlung, whereby the strahlungswtirme from the furnace and the fusion cyclone for evaporation yon K0hlwasser egg sett and so that in the form of steam can be won, which is energy-saving applicable within a H0tten. The same purpose serves in the Anschlul to the afterburning schwermetallh of the l of gas and the furnace exhaust gas durchgef0hrte Abgask0hlung, preferably in a Dampfkess favourable can the utilization that the exhaust gas inherent Warmed odel also completely point in a W of rmetauscher, into which the exit gas line of the furnace m0ndet, take place, wobe air heated up a dryer zugef0hrt to become can, that for the employment in the Schmelz.z.yklon geei! eisenund schwermetallh ltige damp residual substances and/or Schl mme dries. The invention is in the following utert on the basis of Ausf0hrungsbe len represented in the design more nether erl, whereby the Fig. 1 to 4 preferred Ausf0hrungsformen invention in accordance with; Plant in schematic representation show. In accordance with l'& amp; Fig. 1 into a perpendicularly arranged fusion cyclone 1 coal, Sauerstof eisenund schwermetallh lltige residual substances and/or iron ore are brought to dust in form yon bringing in effected in such a way, dal'& amp; the turbulence and with it the connected and W rme0berg nge invention in accordance with {very fast run off, whereby Einschmelzund reduktionsprozer& altogether a high space-time yield exhibits. The controlled delivered a not represented, the Fachr well-known metering unit into the fusion cyclone 1 material 0bernimmt which can be brought in. The materials 0ber several off now gene, the 0ber gesa the fusion cyclone coat distributed its k) nnen, horizontal, preferably tangential, injected into the Schr cyclone 1. Inside 2 of the fusion cyclone 1 a reduction of the iron ore and/or the e finds. =lze offo Jeriber limzen and nen! g 1. lerz hei more ber ung obei, rm E gs3as steps the beige! tallvird, geAblge. =rks igen part those ete; pie13en and .toffVor nn nten} elzsenAT 407,878 B and schwermetallh ltigen residual substances staff, whereby iron to FeO and the heavy metals are reduced at least to the metal. Further melting the reduced eisenhSItigen material and a 0berflJhrung of the heavy metals are caused into the gaseous phase due to a cyclone-specific R0ckstri mung rapidly and efficiently. A Offnung 3 in the ground 4 of the fusion cyclone 1 is formed by a Einschn0rung, which the R0ckstrOmung inside 2 of the fusion cyclone 1 caused and so that a minimum verse deaf degree ermbglicht. The fusion cyclone 1 stands with a furnace 5 arranged underneath the fusion cyclone 1 in direct connection. The fusion products and schwermetallh the iltige gas arrive to Qber a feeder line 6 from above into the furnace in the furnace 5 are a Metallbad 7 (iron bath) and on the Metallbad 7 swimming Schiackenschicht 8, which are taken off from each other separated from 0ber Abstichbffnungen 9 and 10 from the furnace 5. Further the furnace exhibits of 5 in accordance with B these Ausf0hrungsform three electrodes 11, 1 1 ', 11 ", which dive from above into the slag layer 8 and which for the maintenance flat steel bars supply {to 3ssigen with cinder 8 and a Metallbades 7 necessary energy in the form of Lichtbbgen. With this example the enterprise of the electrodes 11, 11 takes place ', 11 " with alternating current, it weird in addition, a Betdeb with direct current mbglich, whereby the furnace 5 only w0rde exhibit one electrode 11. 0ber UnterbadeinblasdQsen 12 in a side panel 13 of the omen 5 or in the ground 14 is brought to reducing agents and/or oxygen into the furnace 5. Preferably the Einblasd0sen 12 is arranged to a Tell underneath the metal bath level. Zus is tzlich with the Ausf0hrungsform in accordance with B Fig. 1 a lance 15 for injecting coal and oxygen intended, which project by the side panel 13 of the furnace 5 schr g into the furnace 5 and dive in with its lower end into the slag layer 8. Into the furnace 5 mf3ndet besides a Zuf {3hrung 16 for a if necessary bring inable rough parliamentary group of a reducing agent or a residual substance. The eisenhaltige melt brought from the fusion cyclone 1 into the furnace 5 is reduced in the slag layer 8 with the help of the reducing agent and the oxygen and the fl0ssige iron in the Metallbad 7 is separated. With the withdrawal from the furnace 5 the exhaust gas air is hrt zugef and an afterburning 21 is initiated. A part of in such a way increased energy content of the exhaust gas becomes in a waste heat boiler 17 on water fJbertragen, whereby the W irmeinhalt the exhaust gas for steam generation is used. AIs example for the further use of steam is a turbine generator 18 angef0hrt, which serve the generation of current. In addition, there is other ranges of application of produced steam conceivably, for example employment in the HDttenwerk for K0hlzwecke etc. In the Anschlul to the boiler 17 the abgek0hlte exhaust gas a filter 19 is zugefQhrt, in a separation of the condensed and as dust resulting heavy metals from the remaining exhaust gas takes place. In Fig. 2 represented preferential Ausf0hrungsform differs yon in Fig. 1 1 into the furnace 5. with these Ausf hrungsform mOndet the feeder line 6 in the side panel 13 of the furnace 5. the reducing agent and the oxygen vetanschaulichten ausschlieBlich cuber Unterbacleinblasd0sen 12 into the furnace 5 are brought by the kind of bringing in the schwermetallhSItigen gas and the Schmelzgutes from the fusion cyclone. The subsequent treatment of the exhaust gas after its withdrawal from the furnace 5 is not further represented; it can take place likewise as in Fig. 1 shown. In accordance with l Fig. 3 the feeder line 6 in one mOndet ats gegebenenfatls widened (strichliert represented) exit gas line ausgef0hrten intermediate chamber 20, thus dal schwermetallh the ltige gas from the fusion cyclone 1 the furnace 5 not to durchstrbmen needs and the Schmelzgut by the reducing furnace exhaust gas on the way into the furnace 5 more welter is already not reduced. In addition, with these AusfQhrung invention in accordance with il%en plant rise up above the lance serving for injecting yon reducing agent and oxygen 15 yon into the furnace 5. you can 0ber the side panel 13 into the furnace 5 rise up. Fig. 4 shows in Fig. 1 descriptive arrangement of fusion cyclone 1 and furnace 5, however is only partly used those the exhaust gas inherent Warmed in the waste heat boiler 17. The still heiBe exhaust gas is wrmegetauscht in a recuperator 22 and led afterwards in abgek {Jhltem condition RST RK 407,878 B into the filter 19, where the descriptive separation of the heavy metals takes place. To dry zugefLlhrt in kuperator 22 air heated up a dryer of 23, which serves for it, damp residual substances Schl mme fur the Eirlsatz in the fusion cyclone 1. Invention in accordance with 13e the operational sequence is stated on the basis the nachfolgeriden examples 1, 2 u. The quantity specifications refer in the following in each case to a ton of Einsa schung without coal and/or Zuschl ige (lime). Example 1: Into the fusion cyclone 1000 became kg/h eisenund schwermetallh ltige residual substances, the egg table 1 composition shown exhibited, as well as 105 coal with 112 Nm3/t Fiord, brought in and with 260 Nm3/t oxygen kg/t swirled. F0r the Ztindung the solid/gas g of sches in the fusion cyclone and for the maintenance of a Zi3ndflamme became 5.4 Nm /t Bren (natural gas) zugef0hrt. Table 1 example 1 fuel element! play 2 example 3, employment mixture unit residual substance-mix 1 residual substance-mix 2 iron ore without iron ore with iron ore chemical analysis - AI203 - C - CaO - Fe - FeO - Fe203 - MgO - MNO - K + well - CI + F - Pb + Zn - SiO2 - S - p Gew % Gew % Gew % Gew % Gew % Gew % Gew % Gew % Gew % Gew % Gew % Gew % Gew % Gew % 0.67 7.9,5.5 10.0 34.4 31.7 1.69 0.15 0.80 0.30 3.13 0.15 0.15 0.90 15.2 5.1 0.70 20.1 46.7 1.1 0.10 0.24 0.13 1.7,3.6 0.10 0.10 0.63 3.0 90.6 0.36 0.17 0.04 0.01 4.0 0.05 0.05 the part-reduced iron reduced thereafter melted in the reduction furnace with 182 kg/t coal and 36 oxygen and. The FSrderluftmenge fi r the solids injected by lances Disen amounted to 45 Nm3/t. Requirements of electric current of the furnace betru9 320 kWI it 576 kg/t molten bath, 130 kg/t cinder and a entstaubte Abgasmen 12140 Nm3/t received. To be taken out of the exhaust gas 24 kg/t schwermetallh iltiger dust abgesch further by Nutzun9 of the Abw trme in a steam generator 737 kWhlt river of ores the composition of the MetaUschmelze, the cinder, the exhaust gas and abgescl the hen dust is table 2. F0r example 2 and 3 resulted Produktzusan setting, which lay in the same range. 6 Reund ld 3 zmile in. , emi gas or It rluft. of. =den. , gt. , iedeimenAT 407,878 B table 2 molten bath - C Gew % - Mn Gew % - SI Gew % - S Gew % - P Gew % cinder - FeO Gew % - CaO Gew % - SiO2 Gew % - MgO Gew % - AI203 Gew % exhaust gas - CO2 VOL % - CO2 VOL % - H20 VOL % - N2 + acre Vot % dust Gew - FeO - ZnO - PbO - SiO2 - CaO Gew % Gew % Gew % Gew % Gew % 2.0 -3.0 < 0,2,0.1 -0.2 < 0,09 < 0,08 3.0 - 6.0 38 - 44 - 36,7.0 - 12,5.0 - 6.5-7.5 16-17 1.0 - 1.5 remainder < 5,0 < 5,0 < 7.0 example 2: Into the fusion cyclone a quantity yon 1000 kg/h on eisenund schwermetallh ltigen residual substances bowie iron ore - the composition of the employment mixture is table 1 to infer - with 56 kg/t coal by means of 106 Nm3/t F6rderluft brought and with 270 NmS/t oxygen swirled. At gaseous fuel quantity 5.1 Nm3/t zugef0hrt became. The quantity on into the furnace brought in reducing agent (coal) amounted to 151 kg/t, at oxygen 30 Nm3/t and at F (rderluft 38 Nm31t. Requirements of electric current amounted to 268 kWh/t. It 480 kg/t molten bath, 125 kg/t cinder, 11900 NmS/t entstaubtes exhaust gas and 36 kg/t schwermetallh ltiger dust received. The electricity production amounted to 684 kWh/t. Example 3: AIs charging product became 1000 kglh iron ore (composition: Table 1) with 290 kg/t coal and a Fbrderluftmenge yon 136 Nm3/t used. Further 336 Nm3tt oxygen and 55 kg/t lime brought into the fusion cyclone. The quantity of gaseous fuel amounted to 6.5 Nm3/t. Hrt to reduction of the iron the furnace 197 kg/t coal with 49 Nm3/t F0rderluft and 38 Nm3/t oxygen zugef. Requirements of electric current amounted to 348 kWh/t. AIs of products fell 625 kg/t molten bath, 139 kg/t cinder, 15760 NmS/t entstaubtes exhaust gas as well as 22 kglt dust on. It 945 kWh/t river produced. RK 407,878 B