Composite materials obtained from a cement material and organic fibres with improved mechanical properties

Claims 1. reinforced composite material whose basic structure is a matrix obtained from at least one hydraulic binder or chemical fibers and polyamide treated with one or more additives selected from: latexes; alkyl phosphates and their derivatives as the [...] and [...]; # phosphonic acids, polyvinylphosphonic, [...], polyvinylphosphonic-acrylic copolymers, and salts thereof; the polar olefins the alkoxysilane functional block copolymers prepared by controlled radical polymerization; [...] random copolymers selected for example from among the linear polymers (meth) low acid acrylic, in particular sulfonated or phosphated, the comb polymers for backbone with poly (acrylic acid (meth)) and grafts compatible with cement as PEG-based grafts, the backbone of the comb polymers with for peg and grafts (meth) based on acrylic acid; acids and dicarboxylic acids, and particularly auric acid, adipic acid, glutaric acid and succinic acid, alone or as mixtures, their salts and derivatives, and especially the [...]; # products catechol derivatives; polyphenols and particularly polyphenols sulfonated; [...] amino acids such as aspartic acid, the [...], methionine, andc... and salts thereof; the polyamide oligomers comprising up to 7 repeat units; the polyamide oligomers grafted by a function, for example selected from phosphates, phosphonate, sulfonate, alkoxysilane, aluminum dicarboxylates, - an amino carboxylate, anhydride, epoxies and diols; urethane acrylate resins and polyester acrylates; and water-soluble polyamide resins, particularly resins prepared by introduction of comonomers polyamines and reaction with epichlorohydrin, <Desc/Clms Page number 30> these additives can be used alone or in combination of two or more thereof.

2. the composite material of claim 1, characterized in that the additive is different from an alkylphosphate and its derivatives such as [...] and [...]; 3. the composite material of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the additive is a latex selected from: - an aqueous dispersion of acrylic esters; - a nanolatex, as for example a nanolatex carboxylated, a nanolatex phosphated, or a nanolatex sulfonated; and - a latex of the alkali-soluble or alkali-swelling, in particular comprising more than 30% by weight methacrylic acid based on the weight of dry matter.

4. the composite material of claim 1, characterized in that the additive is selected from the alkyl phosphate and alkylphosphonate and alkali metal salts thereof, these are for example selected from potassium lauryl phosphate, potassium persulfate and the [...][...] potassium.

5. the composite material of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the additive is selected from: - polymers containing olefinic monomers and polar groups; - homopolymers and copolymers of olefin monomers modified after synthesis by polar groups chosen from maleic anhydride, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid; - homopolymers and copolymers of olefin monomers modified by oxidation; and - the copolymers of olefin monomers and polar monomers, optionally ion neutralized.

6. the composite material of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the additive is an alkoxysilane of formula (I-): emi30.1 <Desc/Clms Page number 31> wherein: a is a hydrolyzable radical, for example chosen from alkoxy radicals, alkoxyalkyl and alkoxycarbonyl group, linear or branched having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably a methoxy or ethoxy radical, it being understood that when 3-n is strictly greater than 1, the radicals a may be the same or different; Y represents an organic radical [...] substituted with a functional group, in particular a group reactable/interact with amines, carboxylic acids or amides, e.g. an unsaturated bond, an acid function, an amine function, an ester function, anhydride, epoxy function or an isocyanate function; Z is inert organic radical, for example a linear or branched alkyl group comprising 1 to 6 carbon atoms, with the proviso that when n is strictly greater than 1, the radicals Z may be identical or different; and n represents 2 or 0.1, preferably 0.

7. the composite material of claim 6 or 1.2, characterized in that the additive is selected from the general formula cr1r2=cr3 [...] - (ch2) m if - (or4) 3 and their [...], where m is an integer, typically between 0 and 6, inclusive, wherein R ', the R, R3 and R4, which are identical or different, are chosen from the hydrogen atom, an alkyl and alkoxyalkyl radical, the alkyl and alkoxy radicals in the term alkoxyalkyl being linear or branched and has 1 to 6 atoms of carbon, and wherein the vinyl trialkoxysilane is in particular selected from vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, the [...], the [...] stdc0196 ([...]), and the [...] ([...]), in particular 3 - (methacryloxy) propyl trimethoxysilane.

8. the composite material of claim 6 or 1.2, characterized in that the additive is an alkoxysilane selected from glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane, and aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and their [...].

9. composite material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the additive is a block copolymer synthesized by controlled radical polymerization of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer selected from styrene and its derivatives, butadiene, chloroprene, (meth) acrylic esters, vinyl esters and vinyl nitriles. <Desc/Clms Page number 32>

10. The composite material of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the additive is a carboxylic acid selected from auric acid and salts and derivatives thereof, and the CBOs, - dicarboxylic acids, such as adipic acid, glutaric acid, succinic acid and salts and derivatives thereof, alone or in mixtures of two or more thereof.

11. Composite material according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polyamide fibers are selected from polyamide 6.6 (Pa at 6.6), polyamide 6 (Pa at 6), copolymer AI 6.6 pa 6, copolymer AI 6.6 - pa 6, semi-aromatic polyamides, such as polyamide 6t, fibers and other polyamides 11.12, 4 - 6.

12. composite material according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fibers have a denier between 0.2 and 9 decitex, advantageously between 0.3 and 3.3 dtex, preferably between 0.4 and 2.0 decitex.

13. Composite material according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fibers have a uniform or non-uniform length (including mixed) of between 2 mm and 30 mm and, preferably between 3 mm and 20 mm, 6 mm for example.

14. Composite material according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises other organic and inorganic fibers, natural, artificial or synthetic.

15. Composite material according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the total amount of the fibers is between 0, 1% to 25% by weight relative to the total components of the binder matrix dried hydraulic or chemical.

16. Composite material according to claim 15, characterized in that the proportions by weight of fibers with respect to all of the dry components are between 0, 1% and 10%, preferably between 0.5% and 5% by weight, preferably between about 1% and about 3% by weight. <Desc/Clms Page number 33>

17. Composite material according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the amount of additives is between 0, 1% and 10% by weight relative to the total weight of crude fiber to be processed.

18. composite material according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the binder is a hydraulic binder selected from the Portland cement, containing the additives or not, the high alumina cement, the slag cement, calcium sulfate (gypsum), the calcium silicates formed via autoclaving and the particular binder combinations and other chemical linkers.

19. Polyamide fiber for reinforcement material comprising at least one hydraulic binder or chemical, treated with one or more additives selected from: latexes; alkyl phosphates and their derivatives as the [...] and [...]; phosphonic acids, polyvinylphosphonic, [...], polyvinylphosphonic-acrylic copolymers, and salts thereof; the polar olefins; the alkoxysilane functional; the block copolymers prepared by controlled radical polymerization; [...] random copolymers selected for example from among the linear polymers (meth) low acid acrylic, in particular sulfonated or phosphated, the comb polymers for backbone with poly (acrylic acid (meth)) and grafts compatible with cement as PEG-based grafts, the backbone of the comb polymers with for peg and grafts (meth) based on acrylic acid; acids and dicarboxylic acids, and particularly auric acid, adipic acid, glutaric acid and succinic acid, alone or as mixtures, as well as salts and derivatives, and in particular the [...]; the products catechol derivatives; polyphenols and particularly polyphenols sulfonated; [...] amino acids such as aspartic acid, the [...], methionine, andc... and salts thereof; the polyamide oligomers comprising up to 7 repeat units; the polyamide oligomers grafted by a function, for example selected from phosphates, phosphonate, sulfonate, alkoxysilane, aluminum dicarboxylates, - an amino carboxylate, anhydride, epoxies and diols; <Desc/Clms Page number 34> aliphatic urethane acrylate resins and polyester acrylates; and water-soluble polyamide resins, particularly resins prepared by introduction of comonomers polyamines and reaction with epichlorohydrin, these additives can be used alone or in combination of two or more thereof.

20. Polyamide fiber according to claim 19, characterized in that the additive is different from an alkylphosphate and its derivatives such as [...] and [...]; 21. Use polyamide fibers treated according to claim 19 or 20 as reinforcement materials obtained from a matrix comprising at least one hydraulic binder or chemical, for example cement.

22. use of composite material according to any of claims 1 to 18 for the manufacture of plates, pavements, coating a roofing or cladding, piping, vessels, tanks, particularly rain water tanks, containers.

23. Article obtained by using at least one composite material according to any of claims 1 to 18.