Flat Heating System.

[0001] The invention relates to a radiant heating system or a temperable flat heating system preferably for trucks, trailers, semi-trailers, and the like also tent roofs or freight compartment, with a preferably dimensionally stable arranged tarpaulin, [...] or film are equipped.

[0002] a device for the removal of snow from roofs is proposed according For DE 10 2006,006,828 A1, a smooth-surfaced tarpaulin respectively under the snow on the roof surface to attach and to remove the snow on the tarpaulin located to draw by slipping down from the roof surface. Heat to tarpaulin is to be attached to a heated tube to facilitate the pulling of the tarpaulin. This proposal is primarily for Tilt-a. Pitched roofs suitable.

[0003] over from the construction industry it is well known, warm air by means of a fan to introduce in building coverings, to see to perform work in the cold season and a facade between the building covering, for example 10 2007,019,112 A1 DE.

[0004] A heatable tarpaulin for trucks is known for example from DE 20 2011,003,084 U1. Here the tarpaulin is penetrated with heating wires to heat the tarpaulin. Advantageously, the heating wire is to be in the center of the welded- tarpaulin material, particularly in material thicknesses of about 2-3 mm. In thinner material of the heating wire is to be arranged between two layers, the subsequently be welded together. The preparation of such scheduling is accordingly expensive and the heating wire must, wherever possible, be arranged over the entire roof surface of the tarpaulin close meshed. This increases, on the one hand, the material and labor and, on the other hand, there is a high risk of wire breakage tarpaulin movements and the different coefficients of thermal expansion as a result of the.

[0005] In DE 10 2009,008,967 A1 proposes a plastic laminate with integrated heating function, in particular a temperature controllable tarpaulin. This comprises an electrically insulating and load-bearing matrix structure of fibre materials, their underside on is plastic coated and their upper side is made of plastic coated. In or around the matrix is electrically conductive, or integrated on nanoparticles based carbon-or CNT-structure applied, allows the a heating power.

To Heating is provided with a temperature control.

Another solution is proposed in EP 1,236,819 B1, wherein carbon yarns in weft-or. The warp direction of a fabric are arranged on the entire area of a truck-tarpaulin. The carbon yarns are connected to each other via metal threads, the serve as supply and current feed threads. The metal threads are spaced from each other more than the carbon yarns.

[0006] The invention is based on the problem, a flat heating system respectively a temperable, especially heated or also coolable flat heating system for trucks, trailers, trailer, tent roofs and the like to create the freight compartments or also, a simple and reliable keeping free the roof region, which, for example, a tarpaulin of ice and snow in, relative to the state of the art clearly reduced power consumption, allows.

[0007] The task is solved with the features of claim 1.

[0008] according to invention a ceiling surface is provided with at least one flat heating system, the respectively individually temperature controllable Fields dividable is divided into individually controllable respectively. The fields are electrically connected to one another and they can further into modules Preferably, and/or be divisible cells. Also the flat heating system is that also a tarpaulin, [...] or foil or a part thereof may be, on, under or in the ceiling surface arranged.

[0009] Preferred embodiments are disclosed in the dependent claims.

[0010] The flat heating system itself is provided with at least one heating element in each field, for example an electrical conductor and a heat-conducting or heat-reflecting element comprises, between an upper layer and a lower, insulating layer, the the outside of the truck, for example, the outer side of the tarpaulin is facing is arranged.

[0011] materials for heating elements are predominantly metallic alloys, but may also non-metallic, electrochemical embodiments are used.

[0012] a silicone heating conductor The electrical conductor may, in particular, a heating wire, a be infrared element or the like, in each field individually preferably form of a loop, for example is arranged in a meander structure comprises.

[0013] The outer, wherein exterior Arrangement upper layer can be constructed as a heat storage and/or have a lotus effect.

[0014] The heat reflective inner, wherein exterior Arrangement lower layer (analogously in placement within the roof structure) can consist of a heat reflecting material or fabric, preferably made of metal and is, in particular, a aluminum material respectively an aluminum foil.

[0015] Any situation can, if necessary, alone or as a composite 3D-pressure or by screen printing are produced preferably by means of.

[0016] Boxes may also be constructed with individual cells or solar cell modules have as such.

[0017] The individual fields are as small as possible, they may also be divided into cells and the latter, in turn, into modules, to obtain small units for the control of the effectiveness of the radiant heating system, the minimization of energy consumption and necessary repairs or replacement of fields, etc. modules and cells and their heating elements.

[0018] for further reducing energy consumption in individual fields can tempering The, modules or cells preferably out of phase (multiplexing) take place. The switching on load limitationstarting peak is flat and is obtained by means of the method.

[0019] The reduction of power consumption relative to the state of the art can be up to about 75%. These results from both the targeted, respectively field-wise heating Temperature control of the radiant heating system, the low voltage used and from the agents used for this purpose.

[0020] Optional sensors in boxes, also allow an additional function control modules or cells, a leak control the flat heating system as well as a security monitoring against unauthorized access to the cargo hold.

[0021] This arrangement also allows the usual displacement of the scheduling without affecting the heating.

[0022] main components are such an integrated flat heating system the power supply, the hardware and software of the heating control and the previously described heating elements and layers.

[0023] the inventive radiant heating system are preferably lorries-Plan main fields of application, lorries-roofing and fixed superstructures and tent roofs.

[0024] in the state is to primarily The flat heating system, in particular overnight Applying, access to an external power supply is so that there is also a possible. A operation during transport is due to the low voltage used, preferably to 24V possible.

[0025] main advantages of the invention are the energy-saving functions radiant heating system (phase-wise-and phase shifted anneal, switching on load limitation, energy consumption only as high as necessary), a simple handling and the electrical safety (manually or automatically, remote function ) (low voltage, automatic monitoring of the roof and automatic triggering of a disorder, or function message ). Also the software can comprise a self-learning function, subsequent Table see.

Hardware & software

Intelligence

_AOE280A2AO> selflearning

_AOE280A2AO> Miscellaneous weather scenarios preprogrammed

_AOE280A2AO> Simple Up Date-Method

energy-reducing Method

_AOE280A2AO> switching on load limitation

_AOE280A2AO> Multiplexing

_AOE280A2AO> [...]

_AOE280A2AO> etc.

Simple Handling

_AOE280A2AO> on/off manually

_AOE280A2AO> Remote control

_AOE280A2AO> Automatic Control

Security

_AOE280A2AO> Low Voltage

_AOE280A2AO> message releaseroof monitoring with automatically configurable

Power Source

_AOE280A2AO> Motor

_AOE280A2AO> Battery

_AOE280A2AO> Generator

_AOE280A2AO> Hydrogen Cell

_AOE280A2AO> Mains

_AOE280A2AO> Solar Cells

_AOE280A2AO> etc.

[0026] The invention is closer described subsequently in a embodiment on the basis of a drawing. In the drawing which show

Fig. 1:a simplified illustrated truck equipped with flat heating system,

Fig. 2: main components of the invention radiant heating system,

Fig. 3:a radiant heating system according to the invention in plan view,

Fig. 4:a radiant heating system according to the invention in cross-section.

[0027] a semitrailer or truck 2 1 is covered with a tarpaulin loading surface The or a boxed, in a not shown frame preferably is dimensionally stable guided, a loading space so as to form fully housed (1 Fig.). The tarpaulin [...] 2 can be displaced in a known manner as a pleated blind (a box body is, on the other hand, fixedly).

[0028] An upper ceiling surface is respectively provided with a flat heating system according to the invention 4 2 3 the tarpaulin formed as a flat heating system, in fields 8, and the latter, in turn is divided into modules 10 from cells (Fig. 3) 9.

[0029] the power supply 12 are main components of such a integrated radiant heating system, the hardware and software of the heating control and the previously described heating elements and layers 13 (2 Fig.). Energy supplies by motor and battery 12 can, in particular of the electrical system, an external power grid, a generator, or by solar cells a hydrogen fuel cell, for example, take place on the flat heating system 4.

[0030] 8 respectively in each field in each module or 4 The flat heating system comprises a heating element in the form of an electrical conductor 10 in each cell 6,7 between an upper layer and a lower, insulating layer 5 is arranged. The lower layer 5 is facing the ceiling surface 2 is along the same part of the same can also be on or in a different embodiment. The lower layer 5 a can, the top surface 52 and a facing base layer, the heating element in the form of a metal foil or a metal fabric comprise 6 facing heat reflector 51 (4 Fig.).

[0031] 6 61 62 of intermediate layers can comprise a heating conductor The heating element within.

[0032] 6 are preferably in the form of strips and arranged respectively in a meander structure comprises heating elements The extend longitudinally or transversely to the direction of travel.

[0033] 8 and 10 respectively the heating elements 6 are Boxes cells electrically connected to one another.

[0034] Operation of the flat heating system takes place in the state 4 respectively overnight, particularly preferably by means of external power supply by means of the electrical system ( electrical net or diesel generator) or also. If necessary the operation takes place and during the journey 4 the flat heating system, for example with an operating voltage of 24 V.

[0035] In snowfall or freezing rain can snow and ice cover 4 with the inventive radiant heating system on the roof or the formation of a 3 the top surface be avoided.

Conversely, may be achieved by appropriate additional means also a cooling in the summer.

[0036]

1 TRUCK

2 tarpaulin, [...], film

3 ceiling surface

4 radiant heating system

5 lower layer

6 heating element

7 upper layer

8 field

9 module

10 cell

11 sensor

12 power supply

13 hardware and software

51 heat reflector

52 base layer

61 heating conductors

62 intermediate layer