Single-brush two-phase 2/2 pole magnetoresistance vibrating electric machine
Technical Field The invention relates to a non-symmetrical magnetic field structure of the reluctance motor, in particular to flat micro-vibrating motor. Background Art The present flat micro-vibration of the motor there are two kinds of structure, with a commutator, a is not with commutator, rely on external reversing circuit to the coil commutation. Micro-vibrating motor is applied to the mobile telephone or other personal portable electronic information products, and generally use the battery as a power supply, therefore called miniature motor on the one hand, low power consumption, small size, light weight, on the other hand, the required to achieve the application purpose and: has sufficient vibration intensity. The current to the coil as the rotor of a flat vibration motor on vibration intensity has been substantially reached its limit, the complicated manufacturing process is difficult to reduce cost of the motor. Ordinary reluctance motor are the fixing of the winding, permanent magnet rotating, the support of the reversing circuit and brushless form work. Reversing circuit adopts a position detecting device for a rotor, to judge the on/off of the coil current to critical moment, and on the basis of the coil and the other coil of the phase operation of the phase relationship, all at the same time to calculate the on-off time the current of the coil of the. Reluctance motor although has the advantages of high efficiency, simple structure, the small current opens the extension the superiority of the prominent, but general reluctance motor usually only the reversing circuit can be used together, this the speed of application is very natural, but the rotational speed of the load is fixed and the high requirements of the application of the stable, complex and high cost is the reversing circuit is surplus. This is to promote relatively high electromechanical efficiency caused by reluctance motor concerns cost. Existing two-pole DC motor, in other words 2/2 pole DC motor, is a rotor and a stator are only two pole motor. Usually because of this kind of electrical machinery brush type commutator rotor at particular position without opening Drehmoment, uncertain opening Drehmoment direction, and a power supply short circuit phenomenon of the reversing moment and lack of practical application value, but this kind of motor is provided with a motor of simple structure, torque is large and the rotational speed is high. As long as the solution to the problems inherent in the same, and combining the characteristics of a reluctance motor, in the application of the motor to create a new field. Content of the invention The present invention provides a structure of the permanent magnet rotor is provided with an eccentric flat DC micro-vibrating motor and nonoscillatory motor method, this kind of adaptation and the commutator of the motor, and under the asymmetric magnetic field 2/2 pole reluctance motor brush driving scheme, for example, general reluctance motor by the brush driving scheme. The technical scheme of the invention is:to 2/2 pole reluctance motor is concerned, the eccentric relative to the rotation shaft of the rotor or stator magnetic field, in order to obtain any phase of the motor opening Drehmoment, if is a vibrating motor, at the same time also the mass center of the rotor deflection; the commutator of the winding coil of the stator according to the rotor position to provide current on-off operation; preferably axial air-gap vibration motor, power motor can be optionally axial and radial air gap. The beneficial effect of the invention is, as a two-pole motor preferred embodiment of the present invention, rational use of the characteristics of the two-pole motor, to permanent magnet rotor pole eccentric obtained have oscillator effect and the starting torque, no dead point opens the extension , the starting current is small, the short circuit phenomenon without the reversing process. The commutator of the simple and reliable structure, rotor position sensor can be directly replaced. If the commutator of the control of the power switching circuit is connected, directly control the power switch to the winding power output end of the circuit of the coil current on-off operation, as to the ordinary reluctance direct current motor, which can not only replace the rotor position detection circuit, it is also possible to avoid brush because of the heavy current switching of electric spark caused by the electromagnetic radiation generated by the ablation of the brush surface and the, so that the simple structure of the brush can be in the reluctance motor can be applied, and the life-SPAN of the electric brush is greatly improved. If the line of centers of two magnetic poles of the rotor with the rotating shaft is not positive hands over but center of gravity of the rotating shaft, or so the center of gravity on the rotating shaft balanced coil as the rotor, eccentric of magnetic poles as the stator, the two-pole motor can be self-starting capability, so that the two-pole motor torque is large, the rotational speed is high of prospects for the practical application in more widely. As a flat miniature permanent magnet vibration motor, in order to the permanent magnet as the eccentricity of the rotor not only can the rotor having a larger adjustment-degree-of-freedom, but also makes the magnetic air gap in the axial direction, because the coil brace is omitted and more small and stable; Description of drawings Below and in conjuction with a preferred embodiment of the present invention is further explained. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the invention 1st preferred embodiment of the micro-vibrating motor; Figure 2A is a schematic diagram of the motor circuit of the 1st embodiment; Figure 2B is a schematic diagram of the 1st embodiment of a circuit and the other end of the motor of the embodiment; Figure 3A-F 1st embodiment of the running state of the motor and the commutator the corresponding relationship between the reversing phase; Figure 4 is the magnetic pole phase foreword chart of the 1st embodiment of the two under the action of the commutator of the motor stator coils; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the 2nd embodiment of the micro-vibrating motor; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the 3rd embodiment of the micro-vibrating motor; Figure 7 is partial a schematic diagram of a radial air gap for the permanent magnet rotor of the vibration motor; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the rotor of the programme a rotor center-of-mass balancing, magnetic pole eccentric; Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a stator coil bias, the rotor magnetic pole and the center-of-mass of symmetrical motor; Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the motor structure the bottom regards a bias magnetic pole of the stator, the rotor winding and a center-of-mass on the symmetrical rotating shaft, and provided with an axial air gap; In the Figure, 1. Permanent magnet eccentric rotor, 2. Stator, 3. Commutator, 4. Fixed shaft, 5. Bearing, 6. Motor casing, 10. Permanent magnet, 11. Eccentric rod, 12. Rotor shaft sleeve, 13. electronics brush place , 14. An eccentric rotor radial air gap, 15. Non-eccentric rotor, 20. Particulate iron core, 21. Coil 1, 22. Coil 2, 23. Forming core, 24. Stator sleeve, 30. Brush, 31. Heat to the plate, 32. electronics brush link , 33. Brush ring brush, 34. Brush ring electronics brush place , 41 rotating shaft, 50. Shaft seat gasket, 51. The upper axle seat, 52. The lower axle seat, 60. The motor base plate, 61. Motor upper cover, 210. Coil 1 of a center tap terminal b, 211. Coil 1 a the beginning of the, 212. Coil 1 end end of c, 213. Coil 1 of the N1 pole coil, 214. Coil 1 of the S1 electrode coil, 220. Coil 2 of a center tap terminal b, 221. Coil 2 a the beginning of the, 222. Coil 2 end end of c, 223. Coil 2 of the N1 pole coil, 224. Coil 2 of the S2 pole coil. Mode of execution Figure 1 is shown in the 1st preferred embodiment of the invention a miniature DC vibration motor structure of Figure. Without an iron core of the stator of the motor and damaging two phase coils, the two poles of the permanent magnet of the rotor in the form of the eccentric. Permanent magnet eccentric rotor (1) in the stator coil 1 (21) and 2 (22) on one side in the axial direction, and is composed of a lower shaft seat (52) supporting the rotor (1) and the stator coil (2) in the axial direction between the magnetic air gap to maintain extremely small. The stator coil 1 (21) and 2 (22) is hollow, the two coil (21) and (22) axis parallel to the fixed shaft, the axes of the two stator coil, and the connecting line between the fixed axis (4) orthogonal to the axis. The stator coil 1 (21) and a stator coil 2 (22) are bonded and fixed at the bottom plate of the motor (60) is. The fixed axis (4) is fixed on one end of the bottom plate of the motor (60) of the lower shaft seat (52) is, the other end is inserted into the motor upper cover (60) of the upper axle seat (51) on. Permanent magnet eccentric rotor (1) can be provided with a plurality of forms. Figure 1 is shown in a permanent-magnet eccentric rotor (1) of the preferred embodiment. Eccentric rotor permanent magnet in the picture (1) of the permanent magnet pole (10) relative to the fixed shaft (4) with a magnetic pole the eccentric distance (11). An arc-shaped eccentric permanent magnet (10) its magnetic pole is located at the two ends of the arc, and magnetized in the axial direction. The diameter of two magnetic poles as the included angle of 120°. Eccentric rod is connected to one end of the arc-shaped permanent magnet (10), the other is connected to one end of the shaft sleeve (12). The shaft sleeve (12) is sleeved on the stationary shaft (4) is, the permanent-magnet eccentric rotor (1) relative to the fixed shaft (4) and a stator coil (2) to rotate. Shaft seat gasket (50) of the rotor shaft sleeve (12) with two seat (51) and (52) isolated, and buffer the axial direction of the vibration force from the rotor shaft, and for lubricating the bearing vibration is reduced. Commutator (3) is sleeved on the stationary shaft, and is fixed on the stator coil 1 (21) and a stator coil 2 (22) at the central position between the, in the permanent magnet eccentric rotor (1) of the shaft sleeve (12) through the below, sleeve of the permanent magnet an eccentric rotor (1) in the fixed axis of the shaft (4) from the through the hole between the commutator (3) and the lower shaft seat (52) contact. Brush (30) is fixed to the permanent magnet of the eccentric rotor (1) of the eccentric rod (11) is, in its own to the elastic effect of the contact of the commutator is pressed downwards (3) of the heat to the on-chip. As the eccentric distance of the rod-shaped part (11) of the rod is made of non-magnetic material can be used. The actual permanent magnet eccentric rotor (1) can be made of epoxy resin to seal nd-Fe-b magnetic stripe, brush (30) or the electric brush seat (13) and the copper sleeve (12) the method for manufacturing, in order to make the permanent magnet (10), the handgrip (11), brush (30) or the electric brush seat (13) and a shaft sleeve (12) formed at an economical cost. The stator coil 1 (21) and a stator coil 2 (22) are respectively provided with a coil of a starting end (211), d (221), and a center tap terminal b (210) and e (220) and the end c the tail end (212) and f (222). Wherein the stator coil (2) is concerned, if the current from the center tap b (210) and e (220) into, are respectively composed of a (211) and d (221) flows out, the stator coil (2) of the permanent magnet rotor (1) demonstrate S electrode, and the electric current from the c (212) and f (222) to flow out, the stator coil (2) of the permanent magnet rotor (1) demonstrate N pole. The actual situation is so. A center tap of each coil are fixed to one of the electrodes of the power supply, is connected with the anode of the power supply are, for example, if the stator coil 1 (21) is shown as very N, is introduced into the electric current from the center tap b (210) and the end point c (212) of the N1 pole coil (213), on the other hand, is introduced into the electric current from the center tap b (220) and starting point a (211) of the S1 electrode coil (214). By the same token the stator coil 2 (22) there are also corresponding to the N2 pole coil (223) and S2 pole coil (224). In order to avoid the stator coil 1 (21) and the pole S N the performance of non-uniformities, N1 coil (213) and S1 coil (214) can be in process at the same time to the manufactured by the method of winding in the same direction, and the two-wire coil formed by this one of the starting end and the other end is connected with the tail end of one of a, b to form a center tap (210), one electrode of the power supply, for example, is connected with the positive pole of the power supply. Because each winding of the coil of the double-line thread have been fixed is connected to the commutator (3) the corresponding segmentation (31) the upper, and the other is fixedly connected with the one end on the positive pole of the power supply, can be ensured in each of the coils in accordance with the provisions of the electric current which is flowing in the direction of advance. As shown in Figure 2A illustrated, the preferred embodiment of the present invention the motor circuit of the example: all b a center tap terminal of the stator coil (210) and e (220) is connected with the DC power source, a all initial end (211), d (221) and the end c the tail end (212) and f (222) according to the converter phase angle to the commutator (3) of the corresponding segmentation (31) are connected; the brush (30) is connected with the commutator (3) the sliding contact, the other end of the handgrip as electrical conductor (11) the brush seat (13); ; permanent magnet eccentric rotor (1) of the eccentric rod (11) through the shaft sleeve (12) and the fixed shaft (4) in contact with the way of the sliding bearing, and the cathode of the DC power supply to form a circuit connection. When the motor is running, current from the power supply positive → coil a center tap terminal b (210) or e (220) → a starting end of the coil (211), d (221) at the tail end or last c (212), f (222) → heat to the sheet (31) → brush (30) → brush seat (13) → eccentric rod (11) → rotor shaft sleeve (12) → fixed shaft (4) → shaft seat (6) → cathode of the power supply. Because the brush (30) fixed to the rotor of the electric brush seat (13) under the driving of, with respect to the commutator (3) to rotate, the N1, S1, N2 and S2 pole coil according to the phase sequence is switched on and off respectively, form the directional torque of the rotor. Figure 2B example of the present invention to a other embodiment of the circuit of the motor. This embodiment is in the above-mentioned circuit, the brush seat (13) and the eccentric rod (11) insulation, and with the additional installation of a brush ring (32) is connected with the circuit. Brush ring brush (33) with the brush ring (32) is in the continuous electrical contact, and is fixed to the brush ring brush seat (34) is, the brush ring brush seat (34) is connected with the negative pole of the power supply. The circuit of the embodiment of the representative can be see fig. 5 description. Figure 2 the commutator has exemplified only the form of the coil of the direct-drive, this will bring about under normal conditions, the commutation spark. If heat to the sheet and a power control terminal of the switching circuit, such as a Darlington power transistor is connected to the base of, the coil is connected to the emitter of the emitter in the bearing, the heat of the spark will not longer exist, and the commutator can be in a very small voltage and current work, service life is greatly enhanced. Figure 3A-F the present invention are described in the 1st embodiment of the corner and in operation of the motor commutator (3) corresponding to the relationship between the phase of the. Figure 3A-F in order to clear and easy to describe the problem, N S coil and the outer coil as a coil to processing. Wherein the outer coil in a power-on state, is N1 or N2 coil, the inner coil in a power-on state, is S1 or S2 coil. Figure 3A at the corner is that the 0 °, brush (30) in the coil 1 (21) magnetic pole reversing moment. The coils 2 of the S2 coil is turned on. Permanent magnet eccentric rotor (1) of the coil pole is S 2 (22) pole magnetic S the exclusion of, the rotor (1) extremely S from deflection of the coil 2 in order to seek the center position of minimum reluctance state and forms a the rotor (1) the clockwise rotation of torque. Coil 1 (21) of the N1 pole coil (213) and S1 coil (214) at this instant is switched on at the same time, coil 1 (21) of magnetic is offset, but in the previous only S1 coil (214) is switched on, is after N1 coil (213) is turned on, are respectively continuous to the rotor (1) of electrode N clockwise driving torque. Figure 3B said that when the rotor (1) toward the 60 °, the brush at the commutator (3) to make the coil 1 (21) of the N1 coil (223) of the energized position. The rotor (1) is first two poles of the pole by the coil N 1 (21) of the N1 pole coil (213) the exclusion, then is S pole by the coil of the rotor 1 (21) of the N1 pole coil (213) the suction. To the rotor when the moment of 60 °, each of which in the front and in the back of the 60° within the range of angle of 120 °, and having relatively stable of the role of the clockwise driving torque, at this moment a normal operation current of the coil at the same time the rotor (1) has two magnetic poles the acting force of the stronger, until the rotor reaches the coil extremely S 1 (21) of the central position. Because this embodiment is directed to 2/2 pole DC motor, so that when the one magnetic pole of the rotor relative to the coil a certain close to or more than the angular distance is 90 °, the coil on the rotor (1) and the acting force of the magnetic force will rapidly reduce, however, the coil to the current component of the magnetic pole of the rotor of the induced electromotive force under the trend of reduced, on the contrary, become rapidly increased, to be sure at this moment the motor under the effect of a factor that, with reduced electromechanical efficiency trend. In order to avoid this phenomenon, the preferred embodiment of the present invention the electromechanical efficiency of the example, this embodiment is selected as the coil 60° the action range of the magnetic pole of the rotor. That is to say, when one magnetic pole of the rotor a distance greater than the angular separation of the coil is 60 °, the commutator will cut off the coil to the role of the magnetic pole of the rotor current. Figure 3C demonstrated when the rotor (1) toward the 120 °, S pole and the coil of the rotor 1 (21) coincides with the central position of the, coil 1 is in the reversing moment. N the very beginning of the rotor by the coil 2 (22) the S2 coil (224) of the suction, the reversing moment of the rotor continuously by the driving moment. In fact, in this embodiment any one of the change-over instant, and a corner position any, rotor (1) all of the driving torque over has not stopped. Figure 3D said that when rotor toward the 180 °, N pole and the coil of the rotor 2 (22) coincides with the central position. When the coil 2 (22) before the end of the reversing course of the, extremely S of the rotor by the coil 1 (21) of the S1 coil (213) the role of, continue to produce a clockwise torque. When the coil 2 (22) after the reversing end, the rotor has been turning coil 2 (22) of the central position, re-to the coil 2 (22) having a force arm. The coils 2 (22) of the N2 pole coil (223) N of the rotor clockwise torque is generated, the coil 1 of the electrode coil S (214) in the coil 2 (22) when the reversing end, is cut-off the current, the loss is extremely S the role of the rotor. Figures 3E and F the basic repeat the above process have been stated the principle of, change without decorates states. In short, the present invention 1st embodiment of the micro-vibrating motor, is rotor magnetic pole included angle of 120 °, 60° define the programme range of action of the commutator (3) the reversal of the phase relationship. Because the two angles are supplementary to each other, therefore the commutator with the segmentation (31) symmetrically distributed, starting there is no dead center, there is no reversing the short circuit phenomenon, does not need usually reluctance motor required initial opens the extension the characteristics of position locating device. Figure 4 is the magnetic pole of the stator of reversing the phase sequence chart corresponding to chart 3A-F each position. Part of marking Letters in the Figure, the coil of the stator (2) is on the end of a thread of the corresponding to the period of time, with the chart 3A-F segmentation in (31) on the alphabet having the same significance. Figure 5 the 2nd example of the present invention micro-vibrating motor of the embodiment of a schematic diagram. The electric motor structure is the variation part of the commutator (3) is mounted to the electrode cover (61) at the center, on the shaft seat (51) in the commutator (3) at the centre. Brush (30) also is moved to the back of the rotor the handgrip (11) is, and and brush ring brush (33) is fixed on the brush seat a (13) and the brush ring brush seat (34) is combined, and the dynamic. Similarly, brush ring (32) also and the commutator (3) the merger. Figure 5 is also described in the 2nd embodiment of this invention the other of the motor stator embodiment, the above-mentioned miniature permanent magnet vibration motor in the structure, the two stator coil 1 (21) and 2 (22) embedded in the hollow part of the coil the granular iron core (20). Figure 6 the 3rd example embodiment of the present invention is a schematic diagram of the micro electric motor. Unique of the programme of the core device is passed. This type of core may be improve the action efficiency of the rotor, the radial dimension of the motor is smaller. Figure 7 is partial a schematic diagram of a the eccentric of the radial air gap vibration motor of the rotor. The eccentric rotor is adopted to the air gap with respect to the iron core in the form of the outer diameter of the cup-shaped rotor forms or types. In Figure 6 and Figure 7 are fixedly connected with the rotor and the rotating shaft in the form of the rotating axis can be and extends out of the machine casing these special application forms, also indicates that, if the center of gravity of the rotor balancing of the rotating shaft to the eccentric rotor magnetic pole and, in the form of the invention the miniature motor can be used as a vibration characteristic as the dragging power motor application. Figure 8 is a balancing rotor center-of-gravity of the rotating shaft to the rotor of the above programme. The two magnetic pole center line of the rotor does not intersect with the rotating shaft. This is a 2/2 magnetoresistive motor used for the power drive, not only non-vibrating the application of the form of the rotor. As a result of the rotor with the eccentric rotor the same opening Drehmoment, but will not produce the vibration. Because the expensive magnetic form material, Image 8, the permanent magnet material for the rotor for balancing will have cost concerns, so can adopt other material to make the balancing part, but to a more balanced detection and calibration process. Figure 9 is a stator winding bias of the programme of the motor. The programme generated by the stator winding of the center line of two magnetic poles, and the rotating shaft is not intersecting, but two pieces of magnetic pole of the rotor center line of orthogonal with the rotating shaft, and the center of mass on the rotating shaft of the rotor. Fig. 9 is fig. 8 shown in an improved rotor of the programme. Opening Drehmoment still exist, but the rotor has no need for balancing. Figure 10 is the ordinary 2/2 pole motor a schematic diagram of a bias magnetic pole of the stator, but the rotor-armature symmetrical structure. opens the extension torque of the motor still exists, as long as the commutator equipped with the, reversing instant will not be the phenomenon of the short circuit of the power source. Combining Figure 8 programme, and in diagram 10 is shown in scheme similarly, there can also be generated by the rotor armature bias magnetic poles of two magnetic poles and the stator with the line of centers of the programme orthogonal rotary shafts. As shown in Figure 8 the rotor armature made into the structure of the magnetic poles are distributed of, its effect as an ordinary Trislot direct current motor rotor, and a salient pole winding open-circuit in order to as counter weight. The commutator is adopted, the rotor armature can still start and operate. If it is applied to the vibration application, will serve as a counterweight of salient poles can be removed. This invention will develop 2/2 pole DC motor application prospect, in particular in the field of micro-motor. The invention provides a micro-vibrating motor programme, the conventional AC asynchronous vibration motor field is also an impact. The commutator of the direct current motor to reduce the cost of the magneto has practical significance. The invention disclosed a two phases 2/2 pole magnetic reluctance vibratory motor structure-One end of the coil in the stator connects to the commutator segnemt, the other connects to one of the poles of the power supply, and the brush connects to the other pole of the power supply. The rotor is composed by eccentric permanent magnets and sleeve. The stator is composed by the coils arranged on the opposite sides of the fixed shaft, and the rotor rotates on the fixed shaft via the sleeve. The fixed shaft not only don't superpose with the weight center of the rotor but also don't cross the linked line between the magnet poles of the rotor, thus compose the eccentric vibrator. The single brush commutator provides starting moment and steady operative moment to the eccentric rotor. After the center of gravity of the rotor being balance, the same motor structure can be used to ordinary drive motor, and the same single brush commutator can be used to the magnetic reluctance motor which has armature rotor, so that replaces the rotor position sensor of ordinary magnetic reluctance motor to drive high-power commutation circuit directly. This motor structure can be also used to mult-pole magnetic reluctance motor. 1. The commutator of a kind, by a set of segmentation and at least one of a brush, which is characterized in: The so-called single brush, brush only refer to the power supply is connected with one of the electrodes; A heat to the on-chip is connected with at least one individual coil; Positioned between the individual coil one end to the sheet, on the other end and the other electrode of power source is connected directly or indirectly; The so-called indirect is connected to the power supply electrode, refer to brush or heat to the piece is directly the power switch circuit is connected with the control electrode, and the power switch circuit and the output end of the is connected with one electrode of the power supply. 2. The commutator states Shan Shua according to Claim 1, can directly replace the rotor position sensor, which is characterized in: The brush is fixed on the rotor, rotating together with a rotor; Heat to the sheet is fixed on a stator; When the rotor rotates, the brush and contact one by one sequentially, according to the rotor position as the stator winding coils are supplied with current on-off operation.