Mechanical activation and enhancement method for preparing cellulose acetate-butyrate or cellulose acetate-propionate
The invention relates to the field of cellulose processing, and in particularly relates to a mechanical activation and enhancement method for preparing cellulose acetate-butyrate or cellulose acetate-propionate. The method comprises the following steps: weighing reactants including cellulose, butyric acid, acetic anhydride and a catalyst in a ratio of 10g:(30-100g):(10-30g):(0.1-0.5g), putting all the reactants into a ball mill, controlling the ratio of the reactants to pellets at 100g:(100-300ml), controlling the temperature of a circulating water bath at 50-80 DEG C, stirring at a low speed to perform an acylation reaction for 1-4 hours to obtain a crude product, separating the crude product and the pellets, standing the crude product in 50% ethanol water to separate out a solid, separating the separated solid, and washing the separated solid with deionized water until the solid is neutral, thereby obtaining a cellulose acetate-butyrate or cellulose acetate-propionate product. Compared with the existing method for producing cellulose acetate-butyrate or cellulose acetate-propionate, the method disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of simple process, high efficiency, no pollution, high product quality and the like. 1. A mechanical activating strengthening method of preparing cellulose butyrate acetate, characterized in that in accordance with the cellulose: butyric acid: acetic anhydride: catalyst = 10g : 30-100g : 10-30g: 0.1-0.5g weighing taking the ratio of the reaction materials, reaction in all the materials in the ball mill, controlling the reaction material and the incline of the proportion (stack volume) = 100g: 100-300ml, control of the temperature of the circulating water bath the 50-90 [...] , the acylation reaction of low-speed mixing 1-4h, the crude product is obtained after the reaction, the crude product from ardealite separation of the product, product crude product in aqueous solution in ethanol for separating solid, separating the precipitated solid, washing separating solid to neutral, gets acetate butyrate cellulose products. 2. Mechanical activation strengthening method of preparing cellulose acetate butyrate according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cellulose as cotton fibre element , wood cellulose or any one of their composition; the catalyst is acid, alkali, salt in any one of; the acid is sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, a perchloric acid, methanesulfonic acid, benzosulfonate any one of; the said alkali is sodium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide in any one of; the salt is sodium carbonate, sodium acetate, calcium acetate, sodium benzosulfonate, any one of zinc chloride in. 3. Mechanical activation strengthening method of preparing cellulose acetate butyrate according to Claim 2, characterized in that the incline of the zirconium dioxide, zirconium ball dioxide has a diameter of 0.5-6 mm. 4. Mechanical activation strengthening method of preparing cellulose acetate butyrate according to Claim 2, characterized in that the low-speed mixing as the stirring speed control in 100-500r/min. 5. Any one of the mechanical activating strengthening method of preparing cellulose acetate butyrate according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the ethanol aqueous solution as 40-60% aqueous solution of ethanol. 6. A mechanical activating strengthening method of preparing cellulose propionate acetate, characterized in that in accordance with the cellulose: propionic acid: acetic anhydride: catalyst = 10g : 30-100g : 10-30g: 0.1-0.5g weighing taking the ratio of the reaction materials, reaction in all the materials in the ball mill, controlling the reaction material and the incline of the proportion (stack volume) = 100g: 100-300ml, control of the temperature of the circulating water bath the 50-90 [...] , the acylation reaction of low-speed mixing 1-4h, the crude product is obtained after the reaction, the crude product from ardealite separation of the product, product crude product in aqueous solution in ethanol for separating solid, separating the precipitated solid, washing separating solid to neutral, cellulose propionate acetate product obtained. 7. Mechanical activation strengthening method of preparing acetic acid cellulose propionate according to Claim 6, characterized in that the cellulose as cotton fibre element , wood cellulose or any one of their composition; the catalyst is acid, alkali, salt in any one of; the acid is sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, a perchloric acid, methanesulfonic acid, benzosulfonate any one of; the said alkali is sodium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide in any one of; the salt is sodium carbonate, sodium acetate, calcium acetate, sodium benzosulfonate, any one of zinc chloride in. 8. Mechanical activation strengthening method of preparing acetic acid cellulose propionate according to Claim 7, characterized in that the incline of the zirconium dioxide, zirconium ball dioxide has a diameter of 0.5-6 mm. 9. Any one of the mechanical activating strengthening method of preparing acetic acid cellulose propionate according to Claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the low-speed mixing as the stirring speed control in 100-500r/min. 10. Mechanical activation strengthening method of preparing acetic acid cellulose propionate according to Claim 9, characterized in that the ethanol aqueous solution as 40-60% aqueous solution of ethanol.