Directivity large hole and three-dimensional groove combined non-contact type mechanical sealing structure

Technical Field

The invention relates to a directional controlling the engaging of the non-contact type mechanical seal structure, which belongs to the technical field of mechanical seal.

Background Art

As the petrochemical, and the rapid development of the aerospace industry, the requirements of the mechanical sealing device is also higher, the higher the stability of the liquid and the sealing reliability, and to adapt to constantly changing working conditions more long life cycle, very small leak rate of the standard, and the like is proposed. At present, to realize non-contact type mechanical seal with the end face of the spiral groove texture unidirectional person words, one-way L-shaped spiral groove, the one-way spiral groove, bidirectional tree die , such as two-way T-shaped groove, widely used in rotating equipment shaft sealing device. However, the above-mentioned mechanical seal applicable to variable working conditions, such as start, stop or by vibration, impact, end face deformation, and pressure difference variation, there are the sealing performance is poor, preventing solid particles and the problem of the limited capacity. Therefore, the domestic and foreign Scholar invention a plurality of microporous end surface texture Patent of mechanical seal on the shaft seal device is applied to the liquid, but in the design of the mechanical seal and the capillary end face of the end face seal of the other trough-like texture, for example like public number CN101793324A discloses a three-dimensional texture to the bottom surface of the fish-shaped fluid dynamic pressure type liquid mechanical seal structure, public number CN201087764 discloses a variable distribution porous end face mechanical sealing structure, although these sealing structure has a comparatively good performance of the pressure resistance and wear resistance and the like, but in the ultra-high pressure and variable working condition, the stability is poor or maintenance of liquid film contact condition limited capacity of the non-end face, the end face is friction and abrasion, great friction weakens the advantage of, to shorten the service life of the mechanical seal, deterioration of sealing performance.

Content of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to, in a low-speed, high-pressure, variable working condition or under the condition of large film thickness, in the prior art in order to overcome the limited capacity and preventing solid particles the problem of the poor dynamic pressure effect, prevent the non-contact type mechanical seal during the operation of the change in working condition due to the abrasion of the end face of sealing failure thereof, the present invention provides a directional three dimensional trough combined shape of the non-contact type mechanical seal structure.

The technical proposal of the invention is,

A directional three dimensional trough of the shape of the non-contact type mechanical seal structure, which comprises ring of the mechanical seal, a stationary ring; the movable ring and the immovable ring to one side of the end surface of the high-pressure, upstream side; the other side is the low pressure side, i.e. downstream.

The structure of the invention on the end face of the movable ring and the immovable ring is provided with a radial direction of the non-slotting region is convergence body is the sealing dam and the upstream, downstream and pass between the slotting region not, call seal dam , and a movable ring or the stationary ring at least one end face in a uniform distribution on the directivity of the sporting macroporous and various three dimensional grooved ; the directivity macroporous with obvious directivity, and the long shaft and the hole through the macroporous center of the diameter of the sealing end face of the tilt angle of the included angle, and the angle for the directivity of the macroporous used to characterize; the three-dimensional channel is micron scale shallow groove or mm-scale deep groove, and is uniformly distributed in the sealing end surface of the standpipe the upstream, downstream or upstream and downstream.

Furthermore, the directivity macroporous and three-dimensional channel in accordance with the distance between the center of rotation are symmetrically distributed in a radial, and the like.

Furthermore, the directivity macroporous along a radial direction of the seal face evenly distributed continuously or discontinuously, directivity three dimensional trough shape and is sealed to the periphery of the end surface in the direction of the periodic distribution continuously or discontinuously.

Furthermore, the directivity macroporous is a millimetre scale shallow groove, its depth is 1.5-100 the  m, macroporous side length or diameter of the scope 801 the the m-20000  m, than the range of the long and short 1-25, area density in the range of 0.1-0.55.

Furthermore, the three-dimensional channel is micron scale shallow groove or mm-scale deep groove, its shallow the depth range the 2-50  m, deep groove depth in the range of 0.05-8 mm; shallow trench etched at the downstream side of the sealing end face, deep groove is located on the upstream side of the seal face; for when the liquid medium, preferably in the range of the depth of the shallow circular 10-30  m, the depth of the deep trenches preferred range: 0.05-6 mm; medium is gas, is preferably in the range of the depth of the shallow circular 2-10  m, preferred for the depth of the deep groove is 0.05-2 mm; the spiral of the groove angle degree 8o-20o. The three-dimensional-shaped and extends in the radial direction by the upstream to the downstream narrowed groove width gradually (pumping grooves), or by the upstream to the downstream direction is gradually widened width (reverse pumping grooves), until the outer diameter-side.

Furthermore, the three-dimensional groove-shaped deep groove and so on depth or different laws can be of the deep groove, variable deep groove depth change in a cosine wave, or by downstream to the upstream is a spherical wave, or by the upstream to the downstream in a linear law shoaled, step by step, such as step-shaped or a shallower.

Furthermore, the directivity macroporous or three-dimensional channel-shaped annulus of the upstream, downstream or pass has an annular seal dam , and its radial width value: 0.2-8 mm.

Macroporous of directivity of the present invention in the shape of the seal face is triangular, rhombic, rectangular, hexagonal, square or oval, and the like, and the directional angle is 0o-360o; the three-dimensional channel in the sealing end surface of the V-shaped groove of the, spiral groove, Y-shaped spiral groove, L-shaped spiral groove, nets, wave slot, two-way U-shaped, T-shaped groove, bidirectional shape of tree trough , unidirectional person such as cost.

The working principle of this invention is, in this invention the directivity of the generated-from the high pressure region of the pressure directed to the hole area, subjected to shear effects, macroporous long axial direction along the fluid flow, because of its relatively long aperture and directivity, the flow of the liquid in the hole area growth, fluid have been subjected to constant accumulation and extrusion, a gradual increase in pressure, can remarkably improve the dynamic pressure between the sealing surface of the opening characteristics of the liquid, cavitation effect and the stability of the liquid, change can be very good lubrication characteristic of the liquid film seal face; and the large aperture can be greater hold between the end surfaces of the particulate impurities and storing lubricating medium, reduce frictional wear of the sealing end face. three dimensional trough of the invention in the upstream high pressure region, can guide the fluid into the sealing end face of guiding supercharging pressure is generated, so that the static pressure effect enhanced, and produce strong lubricating and cooling effect. During rotation, will produce give effect, absorb fluid, to ensure sealing in the starting, low speed and a relatively high pressure differential, has strong the opening and adequate lubricating liquid, prevent dry friction between the sealing end surfaces; at the same time, can be more easily three dimensional trough the solid particles and grinding, abrasion of the end face is reduced to the minimum. In a downstream area of the shallower three dimensional trough , when the sealing end face is rotated, will be through the liquid leaked three dimensional trough reverse acting conveying back to the sealing end surfaces, thereby greatly reducing the leakage, the sealing performance is improved. The invention forms the sealing dam in parking, the low-speed the better the sealing effect and further prevent the role of the fluid leakage, the high pressure side of the ring-shaped area and can also prevent solid particles from entering into the low pressure area or between the sealing end face.

The invention large aperture and three dimensional trough the shape and mechanical sealing structure has the advantages that:

Because this invention on seal face pretura directivity macroporous, change the end face can be very good lubrication characteristic of the liquid film, the fluid the flow guiding function is generated, and significantly improve the cavitation effect of the liquid film between the sealing surfaces, dynamic pressure opening characteristics and the stability of the liquid; and the large aperture can be greater hold between the end surfaces of the particulate impurities and storing lubricating medium, reduce frictional wear of the sealing end face. The invention in the sealing end face of the upstream region, or upstream downstream areadownstream area , three dimensional trough processed, so that the static pressure effect reinforced, also has a portion of the reflux or upstream pumping capacity. Said upstream deep groove can be provided for end face strong lubrication and the cooling effect, because under the conditions of the high parameters non-trough area obvious and slotting region or the difference of the heat deformation is formed on the end face of the operating conditions suitable for the controllability of the waviness in the circumferential direction, so as to produce a fluid dynamic pressure effect and the static pressure effect; downstream area can be of the shallow groove of the medium leaking out again to give sealing end surface, the top end of the trough is increased continuously accumulating medium pressure, the end surface of the dynamic pressure effect of the enhanced at the same time, greatly reducing leakage, to realize the purpose of zero leakage.

To sum up, the present invention in the small gap and lower sealing situations such as small pressure difference of the system relies on dynamic pressure effect, with a sufficient opening of the, liquid film rigidity and the liquid film thickness, protecting the sealing surface, thereby improving the reliability and the service life of the; in a low-speed and high-voltage and relying on the better case of the static pressure effect, has better the end face of the opening, and then meet the mechanical sealing device in the under changeable working condition, has strong adaptive capacity of the; large aperture can accommodate more the capacity of the solid particle impurities.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the end face of this invention embodiment of a mechanical seal 1;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the end face of this invention embodiment of a mechanical seal 2;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the end face of this invention embodiment of a mechanical seal 3;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the end face of this invention embodiment of a mechanical seal 4;

In the Figure, is clitellum seal dam 1 ; 2 is the area; one is that the directivity is 3 rhombic macroporous (direction angle 90o); 4 is a drainage channel; flow is 5 ; Y-shaped groove 6 is a two-way rotation; 61Y-shaped groove the left branch portion; 62 is the right branch part of the Y-shaped groove; 63 is the root of the Y-shaped groove; one is that the directivity is the elliptic large hole 7 (direction angle 180o); semi-arc-shaped deep groove 8 ; one is that the directivity is the 9 double superimposed rhombus macroporous (direction angle 180o); 10 is spiral slot; 11 is miniature hole ; 12 is wave-shaped deep hole; 13 one is that the directivity is the rhombic macroporous (direction angle 45o).

Specific embodiments

Embodiment 1

With reference to Figure 1, a directional macroporous and three dimensional trough combined shape of the non-contact mechanical seal structure, including the ring of the mechanical seal, a stationary ring, the moving ring and the stationary ring is the high-pressure one side of the end surface of the upstream side, the other side is downstream of the low-pressure side. The moving ring or the stationary ring in the end face of the at least one sealing ring is provided with a directional rhombic macroporous 3, the spiral grooves in the opposite direction (a drainage channel 4 and collects the launder 5), area 2, clitellum sealing dam 1. The directivity rhombic macroporous 3 is a millimetre scale shallow, its depth is 1.5-100 the  m, macroporous side length or diameter of the scope 801 the the m-20000  m, than the range of the long and short 1-25, area density in the range of 0.1-0.55, the embodiment of the angle of inclination of the end surface of the macroporous directivity 90o; the directivity rhombic macroporous 3 can also be triangular, rectangular, square, regular hexagon or oval with the hole of the directivity, and each macroporous between the minimum clearance is of 0.5 mm. The drainage channel 4 and collects the launder 5 is micron scale shallow groove or mm-scale deep groove, the depth of the range the 2-50   m or 0.05-8 mm. The shallow trench depth range the 2-50  m, when the medium is liquid, the preferred depth of the shallow: the 10-30  m, preferred for the depth of the deep groove: 0.05-6 mm; medium is gas, preferred shallow trench depth: the 2-10  m, preferred for the depth of the deep groove: 0.05-2 mm. The depth of the deep groove is the same or different laws deep-variable, variable deep groove depth change in a cosine wave, or by downstream to the upstream is a spherical wave, or by the upstream to the downstream in a linear law shoaled, such as step-shaped or a shallow step by step; the drainage channel in the opposite direction 4 and collects the launder 5 rotating angle degree range is:8o-20o; the flowcell 4 and collects the launder 5 along the circumferential direction of the two-way extension and radial direction, and the width thereof along the radial direction gradually narrowed from the upstream to the downstream.

The drainage channel 4 and collects the launder 5 on the sealing end face of the shape of the texture of the V-shaped groove of the, spiral groove, Y-shaped spiral groove, L-shaped spiral groove, nets, wave slot, two-way U-shaped, T-shaped groove, bidirectional shape of tree trough , unidirectional person such as cost.

Embodiment 2

See Figure 2, this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the moving ring or the stationary ring is the end face of the radial convergence pumping two-way rotary Y-shaped groove 6 and the directional elliptic macroporous 7. Located in upstream bidirectional rotary Y-shaped groove form is the arrangement of the center along the circumferential direction are symmetrically and evenly distributed; the two-way rotation of the root of the Y-shaped groove 63 is equal to the width in the radial direction, its value is in a range of 0.5-2 mm between; the two-way rotation of the root of the 6 Y-shaped groove 63 in the depth of the 2-50   m or 0.05-8 mm, or can be the deep groove deep groove, variable deep groove along the radial direction from upstream to downstream is linear gradually shoaled, or a cosine wave, wave-shaped and stepped inclined shoaled step by step, the viscosity of the medium taking a larger depth value; the rotation of the left branch portion of the Y-shaped groove 61 and the right branch portion 62 symmetrically the connection assumesdistributed shape each other, along the radial direction from the upstream to the downstream side gradually narrowing the width of, Figure 2 in the left branch portion 61 and the right branch portion 62 spiral angle 10o, the value of the desirable range of 8o-20o; the rotation of the left branch portion of the Y-shaped groove 61 and the right branch portion 62 the depth the 2-500 between   m, can be deep groove deep groove or the, variable deep groove radial direction gradually shallower from the upstream to the downstream, or a simple cosine wave and the radial step by step. The directivity elliptic macroporous 7 in Figure 2 in the long axis has a length of 20 mm, minor axis length 10 mm, an inclined angle is 180o, and directional elliptic macroporous 3 the size of the hole, the inclination angle and the texture is not limited to the form shown in this embodiment, the book can be required in the right size range and texture pass. The remaining structure and the embodiment is the same as with embodiment 1.

Embodiment 3

See Figure 3, this embodiment and the embodiments 1, 2 is the rotor ring or the downstream end surface of the radial convergence of the reverse pumping spiral shallow groove 10 located on the upstream side and of semi-circular arc-shaped deep groove 8 and directional double superimposed rhombus macroporous 9. The downstream spiral shallow groove 10 form is arranged along the circumferential direction are symmetrically and evenly distributed the center, in the radial direction by the downstream to the upstream width is narrowed gradually, the spiral angle 12   o; the downstream spiral shallow groove 10 in the range of the depth of the 2-50  m; the downstream side of the upstream side end surface of the spiral shallow groove and the maximum radial distance is 8 mm. The upstream-side semicircular arc-shaped deep groove 8 for deep groove, depth range 0.05-8 mm, the diameter of the value range of the 100-5000  m. The directional double superimposed rhombus macroporous 9 of the two diamond-shaped holes the minor axis the distance between the diagonal vertices of the desirable range of 0.05-10 mm. The remaining structure of the embodiment with the embodiment 1, is the same as embodiment 2.

Embodiment 4

See Figure 4, this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that the end face of the movable ring or the stationary ring is provided with a periodic distribution of the upstream side of the rhombic the directivity of the macroporous 13, wave-shaped deep groove 12 and miniature hole 11, the liquid can be enhanced and the throttling effect of the hydrodynamic effect. The microporous texture form is distributed along the circumferential direction of the macroporous cross are arranged at intervals and are symmetrically distributed around the center, its depth is 1.5-150 the  m, microporous the side length of in the range or diameter of the 10-500  m, area density in the range of 0.05-0.8; directional rhombic macroporous 13 the inclined angle of 45o; the capillary can be circular, triangular, rhombic, rectangular, square or oval, and the like, and each of the capillary between the minimum clearance of 0.2 mm; the angle of inclination of is-desirable directivity 0o-360o. The remaining structure and the embodiment with the embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 is the same.

This specification is provided by the embodiment of the invention only the content is a list of the forms, the scope of protection of the present invention should not be regarded as limited to the specific forms of the legends, the scope of protection of the present invention and also the technical personnel in this field according to the present invention is the technical means equivalent that can think of.