향상된 리튬이온 도핑속도를 갖는 흑연전극 및 이를 채용한 리튬이온커패시터

In hereinafter, with reference to fig. 1, a lithium ion insertion/detachment provided electrode of the present invention are described as follows. Figure 1 shows a cross-section of the present invention also represent one embodiment of lithium ion insertion/detachment electrode are disclosed. Embodiments of the electrode lithium ion insertion/detachment of Figure 1, with both collector (100) as, metallic copper current collector including a metal with higher standard reduction potential (100); and said collector (100) formed in at least one of lithium ion insertion/detachment active material layer (200); comprises.

Having standard reduction potential higher than metallic copper metal is, for example, about + 0. 342 V to about + 2. 0 V may have a standard reduction potential, preferably, about + 0. 5 V to about + 1. 5 V may have standard reduction potential. Said metal standard reduction potentials is too low, the possibility of falling significantly speed graphite electrode using existing copper current collector doping than 2000. Said metal standard reduction potentials is too high, the stability cell can be.

Having standard reduction potential higher than metallic copper metal is, for example, gold, platinum, palladium, is, single component such as metal or combinations thereof, can be or their alloys. In a preferred for example, metallic copper having metal is gold or platinum is higher standard reduction potential can be. Table 1 provides for a metal standard reduction potential is shown. Table 1 is, comparison example copper standard reduction potential shown together.

Higher standard reduction potential including a metal with a metal collector has at one side. The current collector has a, for example, sheet (sheet) or mesh (mesh) form form may have. Qualitative layer active lithium ion insertion/detachment of current collectors can be formed one or two surfaces. When and whose mesh form, the active material layer is formed on both sides of the current collector, can be both active material layer are in contact with each other.

In another embodiment, collector, including a metal with higher standard reduction potential metallic copper surface; and said surface layer and including other metal core of can. The core portion has, for example, a metal having excellent low or middle distance below standard reduction potential can be electrically conductive metal. Specific example, core portion copper, aluminum, nickel, iron, steel, stainless steel, or the like can be. Higher standard reduction potential metal copper surface layer part having a metal (e.g., gold, platinum, palladium, is, single component such as metal or combinations thereof, or alloys thereof) implementation being. Core advantage of collector surface layer having a surface layer part of even a small composite layer coating only, when the entire collector surface layer part used in metal can be similar to the characteristic are disclosed. Figure 2 shows a also, lithium ion insertion/detachment surface electrode in one embodiment of the present invention having a collector core cross-section represent one embodiment using are disclosed. Embodiment of Figure 2, collector (100) includes a surface (120) and core portion (110) having a predetermined wavelength. Surface layer (120) comprising a core section (110) and for coating. Surface layer (120) has a thickness of, for example, about 2 Å to about 50 micro m implementation being. Surface layer (120) if too thin thickness of the coated portion is found to a rotation force other. Surface layer (120) not coated portion exists, current collector (100) is to implement a improved potential cannot. Surface layer (120) of a partial photoresist layer generates can be times and cost door number is generated. Surface layer (120) is, for example, sputtering, electroless plating, electroplating, by casting (casting), core portion (110) can be coated on the surface of.

In another embodiment, electrode is lithium ion insertion/detachment, copper graphite electrode which is a collector; and copper current collector attached to said back side, higher standard reduction potential metal layer with metallic copper; can be comprising. Graphite electrode metal layer having a metal standard reduction potential higher than copper current collector can be improve fixed on the back lithium fed electrode contrast potential.

Figure 3 shows a also, lithium ion insertion/detachment electrode current collector in one embodiment of the present invention represent one embodiment further including cross-back metal layer are disclosed. Embodiment of Figure 3, a metal layer having a higher standard reduction potential (100) graphite electrode a copper current collector (150) physically attached on the backside of lithium fed electrode contrast potential can be improve. The improved by a potential doping rate reduced disclosed. In addition doping the metal can then (100) readily redesign of the basin. In another embodiment, metal layer (100) also sheet or mesh may be in the form disclosed.

Qualitative layer lithium ion insertion/detachment active material, for example, lithium secondary battery and lithium ion insertion/detachment can be binder. Active lithium ion insertion/detachment qualitative layer, further include conductive number may be filled.

Lithium ion insertion/detachment active material can be any material big lithium ion collector. Lithium ion insertion/detachment active material, for example, artificial graphite, natural graphite, graphite carbon fiber, with carbon microphone bead meso sleeve, petroleum coke, hard carbon, soft carbon, resin plastic, carbon fiber, and economic, or a mixture of these can be. Preferably, the active material a lithium ion insertion/detachment artificial graphite, natural graphite, or a mixture of these can be.

As the binder, for example, SBR (styrene-a butadiene rubber), PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), PVDF (polyvinylidenefluoride), PVDF non-HFP(polyvinylidenefluoride-a co non-hexafluoropropylene), PVA (polyvinylalcohol), PMMA (polymethylmetacrylate), or mixtures thereof can be used.

As conductive number, for example, carbon black, acetylene black, metal powder, or a mixture of these can be used.

Lithium ion insertion/detachment electrode is of the present invention, for example, a slurry or paste-like active material layer composition for lithium ion insertion/detachment, metallic copper at least a portion of negative electrode active material including a metal with higher standard reduction potential, by applying a number bath 1308.

Lithium ion insertion/detachment composition for forming an active material, for example, lithium ion insertion/detachment active material, binder and solvent can. Composition for forming lithium ion insertion/detachment active material layer, further include conductive number may be filled. As said solvent, for example, NMPNMP (N a-Methyl-a 2 a-pyrrolidone), DMF (dimethyl formamide), or mixtures thereof can be used.

In hereinafter, lithium ion insertion/detachment method implementation of the present invention pre-doping lithium electrode to detailed as follows.

Lithium ion insertion/detachment method embodiments of the present invention pre-doping of lithium electrode number 1, metallic copper current collector including a metal with higher standard reduction potential; and said lithium ion insertion/detachment of a collector formed in at least one active material layer; including of the present invention a lithium ion insertion/detachment of lithium fed electrode directly contacting said cathode active material comprising the following steps. Figure 4 shows a diagram of one embodiment of the present invention pre-doping lithium ion insertion/detachment also number 1 cross-section represents a lithium electrode method are disclosed. In fig. 4, container (500) in electrolyte (400), lithium ion insertion/detachment electrode (collector (100), active material layer (200)), lithium fed electrode (300) receiving in the nanometer range. Lithium ion insertion/detachment copper electrode includes a metal current collector including a metal with higher standard reduction potential (100); and said collector (100) formed in at least one of lithium ion insertion/detachment active material layer (200); and for a. In addition, lithium ion insertion/detachment electrode active material layer (200) a lithium fed electrode (300) etc. in direct contact with. In this case lithium ion insertion/detachment electrode active material layer (200) a lithium fed electrode (300) in direct contact with as a positive potential difference occurs by spontaneous prefetches doping is equal to solve them.

Lithium ion insertion/detachment method embodiments of the present invention pre-doping lithium electrode of number 2, lithium ion insertion/detachment electrode of the present invention comprising the following steps in said lithium fed electrode spaced apart from each other in opposite state for a long time. Figure 5 shows a diagram of one embodiment of the present invention pre-doping lithium ion insertion/detachment also lithium electrode cross-section represents a number 2 method are disclosed. In fig. 5, container (500) in electrolyte (400), lithium ion insertion/detachment electrode, lithium fed electrode receiving in the nanometer range. Lithium ion insertion/detachment copper electrode includes a metal current collector including a metal with higher standard reduction potential (100); and said collector (100) formed in at least one of lithium ion insertion/detachment active material layer (200); and for a. Lithium fed electrode is copper current collector (310) and lithium metal layer (320) etc. with. Lithium ion insertion/detachment electrode active material layer (200) is a lithium metal layer (320) spaced apart from each other and opposite disclosed. Active material layer (200) and lithium metal layer (320) between the ion conductive layer (600) can be interposed. In addition, collector (100) on a copper current collector (310) between the, insect discharge giga-coupled with each other.

Embodiments of the present invention pre-doping lithium ion insertion/detachment method number 3 of lithium electrode, said electrode in lithium ion insertion/detachment of the present invention facing the lithium fed electrode spaced apart from each other for a long time, using external leads to said collector and said lithium fed electrode circuited (short) comprising the following steps. Figure 6 shows a diagram of one embodiment of the present invention pre-doping lithium ion insertion/detachment also visually representing a cross-section number 3 lithium electrode method are disclosed. Also in 6, container (500) in electrolyte (400), lithium ion insertion/detachment electrode, lithium fed electrode receiving in the nanometer range. Lithium ion insertion/detachment copper electrode includes a metal current collector including a metal with higher standard reduction potential (100); and said collector (100) formed in at least one of lithium ion insertion/detachment active material layer (200); and for a. Lithium fed electrode is copper current collector (310) and lithium metal layer (320) etc. with. Lithium ion insertion/detachment electrode active material layer (200) is a lithium metal layer (320) spaced apart from each other and opposite disclosed. Active material layer (200) and lithium metal layer (320) between the ion conductive layer (600) can be interposed. In addition, collector (100) on a copper current collector (310) comprises an outer conductor (700) is shorted by 2000. By a combination of a short between the electrodes occurs spontaneously when external pre-doping to be coated.

In the present invention in addition, anode, layer number 1, cathode, and lithium supply electrode layer including lithium ion capacitor as number 2,

Said cathode, with metallic copper as both collector including a metal with higher standard reduction potential collector; and said collector formed of at least one of lithium ion insertion/detachment active material layer; including a,

Lithium ion capacitor is encoded ball number.

<In the embodiment>

In the embodiment 1

Collector as its surface is covered with a copper sheet (thickness: 20 micro m) as well as platinum. The coating thickness of the platinum min 200 Å. Active material composition for forming, as a 45 parts by weight of graphite powder (Aldrich, #7782 - 42 - 5), carbon black as conductive number (Super P, & TIMCAL Graphite Carbon) 2. 5 Parts by weight, (Aldrich, Mw=455,000) 2 PVDF non-HFP(polyvinylidenefluoride-a co non-hexafluoropropylene) as a binder. 5 Parts by weight, as a solvent NMP 50 parts by weight of a high pressure liquid coolant to his number. One active material after applying the composition for forming the active material layer is dried to form collector weight percent. The active material formed has a weight 3 mg/cm² Min.

Comparison example 1

Copper sheet (thickness: 20 micro m) was used as a current collector. Active material composition for forming, as a 45 parts by weight of graphite powder (Aldrich, #7782 - 42 - 5), 5 parts by weight of PVDF-a HFP (Aldrich, Mw=455,000) as a binder (polyvinylidenefluoride-a co non-hexafluoropropylene), as a solvent NMP 50 parts by weight of a high pressure liquid coolant to his number. One active material after applying the composition for forming the active material layer is dried to form collector weight percent. The active material formed has a weight 3 mg/cm² Min.

Lithium Pre-doping

Container housed within the electrolyte (EC (ethylene carbonate): a weight ratio of 3:7 phosphorus mixed solvent (diethylene carbonate) DEC LiPF₆ 1M solution) in, in number in the embodiment 1 and comparison example 1 prepared by the electrode, active material liquid for lithium metal layer and placed in direct contact and in this state, 15 minutes lithium-gate pre-doping. Pre-doping amount WBCS3000 kindergarten children using lithium reel [thu 0. 03 C conditions were measured. 7 Also have shown to result. Also in the embodiment 1 and comparison example 1 Figure 7 shows a graph indicating pre dizzily quantity lithium for electrodes are disclosed. From 7 also, in the embodiment 1 of this comparison example 1 (i.e., further enhanced by doping speed) of 40% than further enhanced electrical capacity is also used for indicating can be. This copper current collector platinum and whose reduction potential greater than lithium fed electrode contrast because the disclosed.

In addition, large reduction potentials than conventional metal such as copper also 3 graphite applied (e.g., copper graphite electrode which is a collector) even physically direct contact method, 30% or more has been confirmed that the doping speed improved.