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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Форма поиска

Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
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Применить Всего найдено 171. Отображено 171.
28-06-2018 дата публикации

Pattern laser

Номер: AU2016371235A1
Принадлежит: Fisher Adams Kelly Callinans

The invention resides in a pattern laser comprising a plurality of laser devices each emitting a treatment laser beam into an optical fibre of an optical fibre bundle. An optical coupling module is associated with each laser device and each optical fibre for coupling a treatment laser beam into the associated optical fibre. A controller controls the operation of the laser devices by selectively turning on or off one or more of the laser devices so as to form a laser treatment pattern at an end of the fibre bundle away from the laser devices. A delivery system images the output from the fibre bundle to a treatment zone.

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04-10-2018 дата публикации

BEAM MULTIPLEXER FOR WRITING REFRACTIVE INDEX CHANGES IN OPTICAL MATERIALS

Номер: CA0003056866A1
Принадлежит: NELLIGAN O'BRIEN PAYNE LLP

A refractive index writing system includes a pulsed laser source, an objective lens for focusing an output of the pulsed laser source to a focal spot in an optical material, and a scanner for relatively moving the focal spot with respect to the optical material along a scan region. A beam multiplexer divides the output of the laser source into at least two working beams that are focused to variously shaped focal spots within the optical material. A controller controls at least one of a temporal and a spatial offset between the focal spots of the working beams together with the relative speed and direction of the scanner for maintaining an energy profile within the optical material along the scan region above a nonlinear absorption threshold of the optical material and below a breakdown threshold of the optical materials.

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29-12-2005 дата публикации

Method and device for optical ophthalmic therapy

Номер: US2005288745A1
Принадлежит:

Optical scanning system and method for performing therapy on trabecular meshwork of a patient's eye, including a light source for producing alignment and therapeutic light, a scanning device for deflecting the alignment and therapeutic light to produce an alignment therapeutic patterns of the alignment and therapeutic light, and an ophthalmic lens assembly for placement over a patient's eye that includes a reflective optical element for reflecting the light patterns onto the trabecular meshwork of the patient's eye. The reflective optical element can be a continuous annular mirror (e.g. smooth or with multiple facets) to image the entire trabecular meshwork, or a reflective optical element that moves in coordination with the deflection of the beam. Visualization of the alignment and therapeutic patterns of light on the eye can be implemented by reflection thereof off a visualization mirror that transmits a portion of light emanating from the trabecular meshwork.

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09-02-2023 дата публикации

BEAM MULTIPLEXER FOR WRITING REFRACTIVE INDEX CHANGES IN OPTICAL MATERIALS

Номер: US20230038030A1
Автор: Wayne H. Knox
Принадлежит:

A refractive index writing system includes a pulsed laser source, an objective lens for focusing an output of the pulsed laser source to a focal spot in an optical material, and a scanner for relatively moving the focal spot with respect to the optical material along a scan region. A beam multiplexer divides the output of the laser source into at least two working beams that are focused to variously shaped focal spots within the optical material. A controller controls at least one of a temporal and a spatial offset between the focal spots of the working beams together with the relative speed and direction of the scanner for maintaining an energy profile within the optical material along the scan region above a nonlinear absorption threshold of the optical material and below a breakdown threshold of the optical materials.

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31-12-2018 дата публикации

Apparatus and method for fractional light treatment

Номер: IL0000263151D0
Автор:
Принадлежит:

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15-10-2009 дата публикации

Dentales Laserbearbeitungsgerät zur Bearbeitung von Zahnmaterial

Номер: DE102008011811B3
Принадлежит: KASENBACHER ANTON, KASENBACHER, ANTON

Dentales Laserbearbeitungsgerät zur Ablation oder Abtragung von Zahnmaterial, insbesondere kariösem Zahnmaterial, umfassend: - eine Laserstrahlquelle (1; 10) zum Bereitstellen eines gepulsten Bearbeitungs-Laserstrahls (50), und - ein Fokussiermittel (2) zum Fokussieren des Bearbeitungs-Laserstrahls (50), wobei der Bearbeitungs-Laserstrahl (50) aufweist: - eine Wellenlänge der Laserpulse in einem Bereich zwischen 700 nm und 1400 nm, - eine zeitliche Halbwerts-Breite der Laserpulse in einem Bereich zwischen 5 ps und 100 ps, und - eine Energiedichte der Laserpulse auf der Oberfläche des Zahnmaterials in einem Bereich zwischen 1,5 J/cm2 und 7,5 J/cm2, gekennzeichnet durch - eine Laserstrahl-Auskoppeleinheit (70), - ein mit der Laserstrahl-Auskoppeleinheit (70) verbundenes Fixierelement (150) zur räumlichen Fixierung eines distalen Endes der Laserstrahl-Auskoppeleinheit (70) in Bezug auf einen Abschnitt des Zahnmaterials, - eine Scan-Einheit (80) zum Abrastern oder Scannen eines Bereichs des ...

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04-04-2019 дата публикации

Tailored laser pulses for surgical applications

Номер: AU2017339894A1
Принадлежит: Spruson & Ferguson

A laser system may include a controller configured to direct a plurality of temporally spaced-apart electrical pulses to a device that optically pumps a lasing medium, and a lasing medium configured to output a quasi-continuous laser pulse in response to the optical pumping. The plurality of temporally spaced-apart electrical pulses may include (a) a first electrical pulse configured to excite the lasing medium to an energy level below a lasing threshold of the lasing medium, and (b) multiple second electrical pulses following the first electrical pulse. The quasi-continuous laser pulse is output in response to the multiple second electrical pulses.

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14-10-2004 дата публикации

Method and apparatus for dermatological treatment and fractional skin resurfacing

Номер: AU2004226378A1
Принадлежит:

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27-04-2017 дата публикации

LASER INDUCED COLLAGEN CROSSLINKING IN TISSUE

Номер: CA0003001139A1
Принадлежит: Columbia University of New York

The presently disclosed subject matter provides techniques for inducing collagen cross-linking in human tissue, such as cartilage or cornea, without using a photosensitizer (e.g., riboflavin), by inducing ionization of the water contained in the tissue to produce free radicals that induce chemical cross-linking in the human tissue. In an embodiment, a femtosecond laser operates at sufficiently low laser pulse energy to avoid optical breakdown of tissue. In an embodiment, the femtosecond laser operates in the infrared frequency range.

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14-12-2020 дата публикации

Laser devices for treating high intensity pain using complex wavelengths and programmed scanning handpieces

Номер: KR0102190881B1
Автор:
Принадлежит:

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18-10-2018 дата публикации

Device And Method For Skin Treatment

Номер: US20180296269A1
Принадлежит: Candela Corp

A device and a method for fractional skin treatment. The device employs two diffractive optical elements. One of the diffractive optical elements provides two coaxial laser beams and another diffractive optical element splits the two coaxial laser beams into a plurality of beamlets. A lens arranged to receive the plurality of the laser beams and to focus them in a skin treatment plane. The lens forms an image where each of the beamlets is imaged as a spot with a high intensity central area and a lower intensity area surrounding the central area.

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31-05-2016 дата публикации

Method and apparatus for dermatological treatment and fractional skin resurfacing

Номер: US0009351792B2

A system and method for performing fractional resurfacing of a target area of skin using electromagnetic radiation are provided. An electromagnetic radiation is generated by an electromagnetic radiation source. The electromagnetic radiation is caused to be applied to a particular portion of a target area of skin. The electromagnetic radiation can be impeded from affecting another portion of the target area of the skin by a mask. Alternatively, the electromagnetic radiation may be applied to portions of the target area of the skin, other than the particular portion.

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28-12-2020 дата публикации

Насадка для терапии ткани множеством лучей

Номер: RU2739683C1
Принадлежит: Николай ТАНКОВИЧ (US)

Группа изобретений относится к медицинской технике. В частности, предлагается насадка, которая позволяет терапевтическим системам электромагнитной энергии доставлять множество лучей перекрывающейся, частично перекрывающейся и неперекрывающейся электромагнитной энергии при терапии нарушений и состояний ткани. Насадка применяется с лазерными системами, системами на основе интенсивного импульсного света, системами на основе LED, радиочастотными системами и микроволновыми системами. 3 н. и 35 з.п. ф-лы, 14 ил.

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03-07-2018 дата публикации

조직 내 레이저 유도된 콜라겐 가교결합

Номер: KR1020180074674A
Принадлежит:

... 본 명세서에 개시된 대상은 인간 조직에서 화학적 가교결합을 유도시키는 자유 라디칼을 생성시키기 위해 조직에 함유된 물의 이온화를 유도함으로써, 감광제(예를 들어, 리보플라빈)를 사용하지 않으면서 연골 또는 각막과 같은 인간 조직에서 콜라겐 가교결합을 유도하기 위한 기술을 제공한다. 일 실시형태에서, 펨토초 레이저는 조직의 광학적 파괴를 방지하기 위해 충분히 낮은 레이저 펄스 에너지에서 작동한다. 일 실시형태에서, 펨토초 레이저는 적외선 주파수 범위에서 작동한다.

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08-10-2019 дата публикации

Номер: KR1020190113308A
Автор:
Принадлежит:

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30-11-2006 дата публикации

Electromagnetic energy emitting device with increased spot size

Номер: AU2006249353A1
Принадлежит:

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22-06-2017 дата публикации

PATTERN LASER

Номер: CA0003008180A1
Принадлежит: Ellex Medical Pty Ltd, Ooi Yong Min

The invention resides in a pattern laser comprising a plurality of laser devices each emitting a treatment laser beam into an optical fibre of an optical fibre bundle. An optical coupling module is associated with each laser device and each optical fibre for coupling a treatment laser beam into the associated optical fibre. A controller controls the operation of the laser devices by selectively turning on or off one or more of the laser devices so as to form a laser treatment pattern at an end of the fibre bundle away from the laser devices. A delivery system images the output from the fibre bundle to a treatment zone.

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19-10-2021 дата публикации

Pattern laser

Номер: US0011147624B2
Принадлежит: ELLEX MEDICAL PTY LTD, Ellex Medical Pty Ltd

The invention resides in a pattern laser comprising a plurality of laser devices each emitting a treatment laser beam into an optical fibre of an optical fibre bundle. An optical coupling module is associated with each laser device and each optical fibre for coupling a treatment laser beam into the associated optical fibre. A controller controls the operation of the laser devices by selectively turning on or off one or more of the laser devices so as to form a laser treatment pattern at an end of the fibre bundle away from the laser devices. A delivery system images the output from the fibre bundle to a treatment zone.

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04-01-2018 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR FRACTIONAL LIGHT TREATMENT

Номер: CA0003026179A1
Принадлежит: LUMENIS LTD

A method of cosmetically treating skin tissue includes the steps of: providing a light source to direct one or more light energy beams to the skin tissue; providing a prism and interposing the prism between the light source and the skin tissue; activating the light source. The one or more light energy beams passing through the prism converge and are focused to one or more focal points at or near the skin tissue surface; and then each of the one or more light energy beams each diverge after passing through the one or more focal points to each create a plurality of microchannels in the skin tissue.

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27-03-2020 дата публикации

Medical handpiece

Номер: KR0102094456B1
Автор: 김규남, 김종달
Принадлежит: 김종달, 주식회사 하이페리온

본 발명은 의료용 핸드피스에 관한 것으로서, 레이저 시술 등에 사용되며 다양한 레이저 빔 패턴을 출력할 수 있는 의료용 핸드피스에 관한 것이다. 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 레이저 빔 패턴을 형성하여 조사하는 의료용 핸드피스는, 레이저가 통과하는 내부 공간이 마련된 몸체; 소정의 투과율을 가지는 복수의 개별 패턴이 배열되는 패턴 렌즈를 포함하는 렌즈 구조체; 및 상기 몸체와 결합되고, 상기 렌즈 구조체를 수용하는 공간이 마련되고, 상기 수용 공간을 통해 상기 렌즈 구조체와 탈착되는 렌즈 홀더를 포함한다. 상기 패턴 렌즈를 투과한 레이저가 상기 복수의 개별 패턴에 의해 소정의 레이저 빔 패턴을 발생시킨다.

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25-04-2024 дата публикации

Tailored Laser Pulses for Surgical Applications

Номер: US20240130785A1
Принадлежит: Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.

A laser system may include a controller configured to direct a plurality of temporally spaced-apart electrical pulses to a device that optically pumps a lasing medium, and a lasing medium configured to output a quasi-continuous laser pulse in response to the optical pumping. The plurality of temporally spaced-apart electrical pulses may include (a) a first electrical pulse configured to excite the lasing medium to an energy level below a lasing threshold of the lasing medium, and (b) multiple second electrical pulses following the first electrical pulse. The quasi-continuous laser pulse is output in response to the multiple second electrical pulses.

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12-01-2006 дата публикации

Method and device for optical ophthalmic therapy

Номер: AU2005260743A1
Принадлежит:

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19-09-2019 дата публикации

Pattern laser

Номер: AU2016371235B2
Принадлежит: Ellex Medical Pty Ltd

The invention resides in a pattern laser comprising a plurality of laser devices each emitting a treatment laser beam into an optical fibre of an optical fibre bundle. An optical coupling module is associated with each laser device and each optical fibre for coupling a treatment laser beam into the associated optical fibre. A controller controls the operation of the laser devices by selectively turning on or off one or more of the laser devices so as to form a laser treatment pattern at an end of the fibre bundle away from the laser devices. A delivery system images the output from the fibre bundle to a treatment zone.

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09-06-2020 дата публикации

Laser devices for treating high intensity pain using complex wavelengths and programmed scanning handpieces

Номер: KR1020200065345A
Автор:
Принадлежит:

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09-03-2021 дата публикации

Laser induced collagen crosslinking in tissue

Номер: US0010940042B2

The presently disclosed subject matter provides techniques for inducing collagen cross-linking in human tissue, such as cartilage or cornea, without using a photosensitizer (e.g., riboflavin), by inducing ionization of the water contained in the tissue to produce free radicals that induce chemical cross-linking in the human tissue. In an embodiment, a femtosecond laser operates at sufficiently low laser pulse energy to avoid optical breakdown of tissue. In an embodiment, the femtosecond laser operates in the infrared frequency range.

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07-12-2022 дата публикации

PREVENTATIVE DENTAL HARD TISSUE LASER TREATMENT SYSTEMS, METHODS, AND COMPUTER-READABLE MEDIA

Номер: EP4096548A1
Принадлежит:

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01-03-2018 дата публикации

Laser induced collagen crosslinking in tissue

Номер: AU2016342057A1
Принадлежит: WRAYS PTY LTD

The presently disclosed subject matter provides techniques for inducing collagen cross-linking in human tissue, such as cartilage or cornea, without using a photosensitizer (e.g., riboflavin), by inducing ionization of the water contained in the tissue to produce free radicals that induce chemical cross-linking in the human tissue. In an embodiment, a femtosecond laser operates at sufficiently low laser pulse energy to avoid optical breakdown of tissue. In an embodiment, the femtosecond laser operates in the infrared frequency range.

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17-05-2022 дата публикации

Light energy surgical system, apparatus, and method

Номер: US0011331144B2
Принадлежит: COVIDIEN LP

A surgical instrument includes a light guide configured to convey light energy, a lens configured to focus the light energy into a light beam, a mounting tube, a jaw assembly coupled to the mounting tube, and a handle assembly. The jaw assembly includes a first jaw member non-movably secured to the mounting tube, a second jaw member movably secured to the mounting tube, and a window secured to the first jaw member and forming a tissue contacting surface. The window is oriented in a plane oblique to a longitudinal axis of the mounting tube and forms a liquid-tight seal between tissue and the lens. The handle assembly is coupled to the jaw assembly to move the second jaw member between an open position in which the second jaw member is spaced part from the window and a closed position.

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24-08-2022 дата публикации

IMPROVED LOW POWER LASER THERAPY DEVICE

Номер: EP3787742B1
Автор: Rózsa, Tamás
Принадлежит: Rózsa, Tamás

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02-04-2009 дата публикации

Method and apparatus for dermatological treatment and fractional skin resurfacing

Номер: AU2009201002A1
Принадлежит:

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07-11-2023 дата публикации

Application of electromagnetic radiation to the human iris

Номер: US0011806282B2
Автор: Gregg Homer

Rather than rely solely upon pupillary occlusion or tracking of eye movement to protect the fundus from accidental exposure to electromagnetic radiation, the present invention also utilizes an electromagnetic radiation pathway with a profile such that the energy density at the iris is greater than the energy density at the posterior portion of the eye. This disparity in energy density allows for efficacy at the anterior iris treatment site, without injury to the fundus.

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17-01-2008 дата публикации

Steering laser treatment system and method of use

Номер: US2008015553A1
Автор: ZACHARIAS JAIME
Принадлежит:

A system and method for delivering therapeutic laser energy onto selected treatment locations of the retina following a predetermined spatial distribution pattern using one single laser beam. A beam steering mechanism and control system delivers the laser energy sequentially to treatment locations forming a pre-selected treatment layout pattern. The invention allows time consuming therapeutic laser procedures such as pan-retinal photo-coagulation and segmental photocoagulation to be performed with increased accuracy and in a fraction of the time currently required for such procedures.

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17-05-2023 дата публикации

HEMOSTASIS METHODS AND APPARATUSES

Номер: EP4178414A2
Принадлежит:

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07-11-2019 дата публикации

LIGHT ENERGY SURGICAL SYSTEM, APPARATUS, AND METHOD

Номер: US20190336218A1
Принадлежит:

A surgical instrument includes a light guide configured to convey light energy, a lens configured to focus the light energy into a light beam, a mounting tube, a jaw assembly coupled to the mounting tube, and a handle assembly. The jaw assembly includes a first jaw member non-movably secured to the mounting tube, a second jaw member movably secured to the mounting tube, and a window secured to the first jaw member and forming a tissue contacting surface. The window is oriented in a plane oblique to a longitudinal axis of the mounting tube and forms a liquid-tight seal between tissue and the lens. The handle assembly is coupled to the jaw assembly to move the second jaw member between an open position in which the second jaw member is spaced part from the window and a closed position. 1. A surgical instrument , comprising:a mounting tube defining a longitudinal axis and having a proximal portion and a distal portion;a light guide disposed inside the mounting tube and configured to convey light energy;at least one lens positioned distal to the light guide and configured to focus the light energy into a light beam; a first jaw member non-movably secured to the distal portion of the mounting tube,', 'a second jaw member movably secured to the distal portion of the mounting tube, and', 'a window secured to the first jaw member and forming a tissue contacting surface, the window being oriented in a plane oblique to the longitudinal axis and forming a liquid-tight seal between tissue and the at least one lens; and, 'a jaw assembly coupled to the distal portion of the mounting tube and positioned distal to the at least one lens, the jaw assembly includinga handle assembly coupled to the jaw assembly and operable to move the second jaw member between an open position in which the second jaw member is spaced part from the window and a closed position.2. The surgical instrument of claim 1 , wherein the second jaw member includes a tissue contacting surface that includes at ...

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27-12-2012 дата публикации

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR TREATING THE EPIDERMIS

Номер: US20120330288A1
Принадлежит:

A laser device is described for skin ablation treatment. The device comprises a laser source (5) and a handpiece (9). The laser beam has a Gaussian distribution of the power density to obtain different effects in the various regions exposed to the laser beam.

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29-10-2020 дата публикации

Laser System With Controlled Firing Of Cooling Agent And Laser Based On Applicator Position

Номер: US20200337771A1
Принадлежит: Candela Corp

A laser system includes a base unit having a power source. A hand-held applicator is connected with the base unit configured to engage biological tissue for treatment. Position detection structure is associated with the applicator for determining a position of the applicator relative to the engaged biological tissue. A laser source generates a laser beam. A cooling system provides a cooling agent to the biological tissue during treatment. A processor circuit is connected with the position detection structure, the laser source and the cooling system. Based on data received from the position detection structure, the processor circuit triggers application of the cooling agent to the treated biological tissue, or triggers application of the cooling agent to the treated biological tissue, followed by a time delay, and then triggers the laser source.

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27-03-2020 дата публикации

Lens assembly and Medical handpiece

Номер: KR0102094457B1
Автор:
Принадлежит:

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17-04-2018 дата публикации

LENS ASSEMBLY AND MEDICAL HANDPIECE

Номер: KR1020180039033A
Автор: KIM KYU NAM
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a lens assembly and to a medical handpiece which can be used for laser surgery and the like and can output various laser beam patterns. The medical handpiece for forming and irradiating a laser beam pattern according to the present invention comprises: a body provided with an inner space through which the laser passes; a plurality of individual patterns having a predetermined transmittance formed on one surface of the lens; and the lens assembly detachably attachable to the body. The laser beam transmitted through the pattern lens generates a predetermined laser beam pattern by the individual patterns. COPYRIGHT KIPO 2018 ...

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28-08-2018 дата публикации

패턴 레이저

Номер: KR1020180095881A
Принадлежит:

... 본 발명은 각각 치료 레이저 빔을 광섬유 다발의 광섬유로 방출하는 복수의 레이저 장치들을 구비한다. 관 결합 모듈이 각 레이저 장치를 각 광섬유에 연계시켜 치료 레이저 빔을 연계된 광섬유에 결합한다. 컨트롤러는 하나 이상의 레이저 장치들을 선택적으로 켜고 끔으로써 레이저 장치들로부터 먼 광섬유 다발의 단부에 레이저 치료 패턴을 형성하도록 레이저 장치들의 작동을 제어한다. 전송 시스템은 광섬유 다발로부터의 출력을 치료 영역에 투영한다.

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06-10-2011 дата публикации

OPHTHALMIC LASER TREATMENT APPARATUS

Номер: US20110245815A1
Автор: Hitoshi ABE, ABE HITOSHI
Принадлежит: NIDEK CO., LTD.

An ophthalmic laser treatment apparatus for treating a patient's eye by irradiating a treatment laser beam thereto, comprises: an irradiation unit including a treatment laser source, and a scanner for scanning an irradiation spot of the treatment beam from the laser source onto a tissue of the patient's eye in two dimensions; a memory for storing a plurality of predetermined irradiation patterns in each of which a plurality of the irradiation spots of the treatment beam are arranged in a predetermined arrangement; an irradiation pattern selecting unit including a selection switch for inputting a signal to select a desired irradiation pattern from the irradiation patterns stored in the memory; an irradiation pattern changing unit including a change switch for inputting a signal to change a part of the arrangement of the irradiation pattern in which the irradiation spots are arranged on the basis of the selected irradiation pattern by the irradiation pattern selecting unit; and a control unit for controlling driving of the irradiation unit to sequentially irradiate the treatment beam based on the irradiation pattern changed by the irradiation pattern changing unit.

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27-09-2018 дата публикации

External Charger with Adjustable Alignment Indicator

Номер: US20180272141A1
Принадлежит:

Electrical energy is transcutaneously transmitted at a plurality of different frequencies to an implanted medical device. The magnitude of the transmitted electrical energy respectively measured at the plurality of frequencies. One of the frequencies is selected based on the measured magnitude of the electrical energy (e.g., the frequency at which the measured magnitude of the electrical energy is the greatest). A depth level at which the medical device is implanted within the patient is determined based on the selected frequency. For example, the depth level may be determined to be relatively shallow if the selected frequency is relatively high, and relatively deep if the selected frequency is relative low. A charge strength threshold at which a charge strength indicator generates a user-discernible signal can then be set based on the determined depth level.

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26-07-2007 дата публикации

Gerät für die dermatologische Behandlung und fraktionale Oberflächenerneuerung der Haut

Номер: DE202004021226U1
Автор:

Vorrichtung, umfassend: wenigstens ein Teil, das gestaltet ist, um zumindest einen Teilbereich einer Zielfläche der Haut vor einer elektromagnetischen Strahlung abzudecken, die von einer elektromagnetischen Strahlungsquelle bereitgestellt ist, worin zumindest ein Teil derart gestaltet ist, dass eine bestimmte Menge der elektromagnetischen Strahlung, die auf das wenigstens eine Teil einwirkt, in eine Richtung der elektromagnetischen Strahlungsquelle reflektiert wird.

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12-01-2012 дата публикации

TISSUE OPTICAL CLEARING DEVICES FOR SUBSURFACE LIGHT-INDUCED PHASE-CHANGE AND METHOD OF USE

Номер: US20120010603A1
Принадлежит: Dermalucent, LLC

Tissue optical clearing devices for subsurface photodisruption and methods of use generally comprise an energy source in conjunction with mechanical optical clearing for the creation of high precision surface and subsurface photodisruption and/or photoablation.

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10-11-2016 дата публикации

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DERMATOLOGICAL TREATMENT AND FRACTIONAL SKIN RESURFACING

Номер: US20160324578A1
Принадлежит: The General Hospital Corporation

A system and method for performing fractional resurfacing of a target area of skin using electromagnetic radiation are provided. An electromagnetic radiation is generated by an electromagnetic radiation source. The electromagnetic radiation is caused to be applied to a particular portion of a target area of skin. The electromagnetic radiation can be impeded from affecting another portion of the target area of the skin by a mask. Alternatively, the electromagnetic radiation may be applied to portions of the target area of the skin, other than the particular portion.

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15-03-2019 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR FRACTIONAL LIGHT TREATMENT

Номер: CN0109475383A
Принадлежит:

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03-03-2005 дата публикации

Method and apparatus for fractional photo therapy of skin

Номер: US2005049582A1
Автор:
Принадлежит:

A method and apparatus for providing fractional treatment of tissue (e.g., skin) using lasers is disclosed. The method involves creating one or more microscopic treatment zones of necrotic tissue and thermally-altered tissue and intentionally leaving viable tissue to surround the microscopic treatment zones. The dermatological apparatus includes one or more light sources and a delivery system to generate the microscopic treatment zones in a predetermined pattern. The microscopic treatment zones may be confined to the epidermis, dermis or span the epidermal-dermal junction, and further the stratum corneum above the microscopic treatment zones may be spared.

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03-06-2010 дата публикации

EXTERNAL CHARGER WITH ADJUSTABLE ALIGNMENT INDICATOR

Номер: US20100137948A1

Electrical energy is transcutaneously transmitted at a plurality of different frequencies to an implanted medical device. The magnitude of the transmitted electrical energy respectively measured at the plurality of frequencies. One of the frequencies is selected based on the measured magnitude of the electrical energy (e.g., the frequency at which the measured magnitude of the electrical energy is the greatest). A depth level at which the medical device is implanted within the patient is determined based on the selected frequency. For example, the depth level may be determined to be relatively shallow if the selected frequency is relatively high, and relatively deep if the selected frequency is relative low. A charge strength threshold at which a charge strength indicator generates a user-discernible signal can then be set based on the determined depth level.

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11-05-2018 дата публикации

By laser induced in the organization of collagen cross-linked

Номер: CN0108024831A
Автор:
Принадлежит:

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10-01-2020 дата публикации

LASER HANDPIECE APPARATUS FOR HAIR REMOVAL

Номер: KR0102064817B1
Автор:
Принадлежит:

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17-01-2019 дата публикации

SINGLE OPTICAL FIBER-BASED MULTI-RING LASER BEAM DEVICE, AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREFOR

Номер: US20190020170A1
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a single optical fiber-based multi-ring laser beam device, and a manufacturing method therefor. The present invention enables a laser beam to be emitted in a single optical fiber through at least two stair-type processing methods by allowing the laser beam to be radially spread out in a lengthwise direction of the optical fiber in two or more ring forms. Therefore, if two ring-form light profiles are used instead of one ring-form light profile, an energy burden on a glass tube is reduced because of an energy dispersion effect such that a safe treatment effect can be provided without the risk of damage to the glass tube. In addition, according to one embodiment of the present invention, an unnecessary process is removed by forming two rings in one optical fiber instead of using two optical fibers, such that advantages of simple manufacturing and cost reduction are provided. Furthermore, according to another embodiment of the present invention, two or more ...

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16-10-2004 дата публикации

Method and apparatus for dermatological treatment and fractional skin resurfacing

Номер: TW0200420317A
Принадлежит:

A system and method for performing fractional resurfacing of a target area of skin using electromagnetic radiation are provided. An electromagnetic radiation is generated by an electromagnetic radiation source. The electromagnetic radiation is caused to be applied to a particular portion of a target area of skin. The electromagnetic radiation can be impeded from affecting another portion of the target area of the skin by a mask. Alternatively, the electromagnetic radiation may be applied to portions of the target area of the skin, other than the particular portion.

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21-05-2019 дата публикации

TAILORED LASER PULSES FOR SURGICAL APPLICATIONS

Номер: CN0109788988A
Принадлежит:

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22-09-2016 дата публикации

APPARATUS FOR DERMATOLOGICAL TREATMENT AND FRACTIONAL SKIN RESURFACING

Номер: US20160270850A1
Принадлежит: General Hospital Corp

A system and method for performing fractional resurfacing of a target area of skin using electromagnetic radiation are provided. An electromagnetic radiation is generated by an electromagnetic radiation source. The electromagnetic radiation is caused to be applied to a particular portion of a target area of skin. The electromagnetic radiation can be impeded from affecting another portion of the target area of the skin by a mask. Alternatively, the electromagnetic radiation may be applied to portions of the target area of the skin, other than the particular portion.

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03-01-2019 дата публикации

단일 광섬유 기반의 멀티-링 레이저빔 디바이스, 그리고 이의 제조 방법

Номер: KR0101934774B1
Автор: 이경용
Принадлежит: 이경용

... 본 발명은 단일 광섬유 기반의 멀티-링 레이저빔 디바이스, 그리고 이의 제조 방법에 관한 것이다. 본 발명은, 단일 광섬유에 적어도 2개 이상의 계단식 가공에 의해 레이저 빔을 2개 이상의 링 형태로 광섬유의 길이 방향으로부터 방사형으로 퍼져서 조사되도록 할 수 있다. 이에 의해, 한 개의 링 형태의 광 프로파일보다 두 개의 링 형태의 광 프로파일을 사용하면 에너지 분산 효과로 유리관에 에너지 부담을 덜 줌으로써, 유리관이 파손의 위험에서 벗어나 안전한 시술의 효과를 제공할 수 있다. 또한, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따라, 두 개의 광섬유를 사용하는 것보다 한 개의 광섬유에서 두 개의 링이 만들어지면 불필요한 공정 과정이 없게 되어 제작이 용이하게 되고 비용 또한 절감이 되는 장점을 제공하는 효과가 있다. 뿐만 아니라, 본 발명의 다른 실시예에 따라 하나의 광섬유에서 두 개 이상의 링 형태의 광 프로파일을 제공함으로써, 유리관의 크기를 줄일 수 있는 효과를 제공한다.

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17-09-2019 дата публикации

Device and method for skin treatment

Номер: US0010413361B2
Принадлежит: Candela Corporation, CANDELA CORP

A device and a method for fractional skin treatment. The device employs two diffractive optical elements. One of the diffractive optical elements provides two coaxial laser beams and another diffractive optical element splits the two coaxial laser beams into a plurality of beamlets. A lens arranged to receive the plurality of the laser beams and to focus them in a skin treatment plane. The lens forms an image where each of the beamlets is imaged as a spot with a high intensity central area and a lower intensity area surrounding the central area.

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08-06-2021 дата публикации

Method and device for optical ophthalmic therapy

Номер: US0011026860B2

Optical scanning system and method for performing therapy on trabecular meshwork of a patient's eye, including a light source for producing alignment and therapeutic light, a scanning device for deflecting the alignment and therapeutic light to produce an alignment therapeutic patterns of the alignment and therapeutic light, and an ophthalmic lens assembly for placement over a patient's eye that includes a reflective optical element for reflecting the light patterns onto the trabecular meshwork of the patient's eye. The reflective optical element can be a continuous annular mirror (e.g. smooth or with multiple facets) to image the entire trabecular meshwork, or a reflective optical element that moves in coordination with the deflection of the beam. Visualization of the alignment and therapeutic patterns of light on the eye can be implemented by reflection thereof off a visualization mirror that transmits a portion of light emanating from the trabecular meshwork.

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01-05-2014 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR FRACTIONAL SCANNER AND TREATMENT

Номер: US20140121730A1
Принадлежит: LUMENIS LTD.

A method and apparatus for treating tissue includes an energy application device that directs energy at the skin tissue of the patient in a fractional treatment mode in which a plurality of spots receive energy which may be in a form of a laser beam. In order to lessen thermal damage to the surrounding tissue of the spot, a controller will cause the laser or the energy application device to skip around the area to be treated rather than to apply the laser beam in a sequential, raster-like fashion to each of the points in a fractional treatment area.

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30-05-2019 дата публикации

LASER BEAM DEVICE AND LASER BEAM HAND PIECE

Номер: US20190160301A1
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a laser beam device outputting a multi-spot laser beam, and a laser bean hand piece. The laser beam device, according to the present invention, comprises: a light source unit which generates and emits a single-spot laser beam having a first wavelength; a laser beam oscillation unit which outputs the first wavelength single-spot laser beam emitted from the light source unit as any one of a first wavelength multi-spot laser beam and a single-spot laser beam having a second wavelength, and then outputs any one of the outputted first wavelength multi-spot laser beam and second wavelength single-spot laser beam as a second wavelength multi-spot laser beam, and an amplification unit which amplifies the second wavelength multi-spot laser beam so that the output energy of the second wavelength multi-spot laser beam outputted from the laser beam oscillation unit is relatively high output energy.

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20-04-2022 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR AESTHETIC TREATMENT

Номер: EP3983062A1
Принадлежит: Dominion Aesthetic Technologies Inc

Provided herein is a multifunctional aesthetic system including a housing, an electromagnetic array situated in the housing and having one or more electromagnetic radiation (EMR) sources, a controller in electronic communication with the array to operate the one or more of the EMR sources to direct the EMR beam to a treatment area, and one or more sensors in electronic communication with the controller for providing feedback to the controller based on defined parameters to allow the controller to adjust at least one operating condition of the multifunctional system in response to the feedback.

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17-12-2020 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR AESTHETIC TREATMENT

Номер: US20200391051A1
Принадлежит:

Provided herein is a multifunctional aesthetic system including a housing, an electromagnetic array situated in the housing and having one or more electromagnetic radiation (EMR) sources, a controller in electronic communication with the array to operate the one or more of the EMR sources to direct the EMR beam to a treatment area, and one or more sensors in electronic communication with the controller for providing feedback to the controller based on defined parameters to allow the controller to adjust at least one operating condition of the multifunctional system in response to the feedback.

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07-11-2019 дата публикации

LIGHT ENERGY SURGICAL SYSTEM, APPARATUS, AND METHOD

Номер: US2019336218A1
Принадлежит:

A surgical instrument includes a light guide configured to convey light energy, a lens configured to focus the light energy into a light beam, a mounting tube, a jaw assembly coupled to the mounting tube, and a handle assembly. The jaw assembly includes a first jaw member non-movably secured to the mounting tube, a second jaw member movably secured to the mounting tube, and a window secured to the first jaw member and forming a tissue contacting surface. The window is oriented in a plane oblique to a longitudinal axis of the mounting tube and forms a liquid-tight seal between tissue and the lens. The handle assembly is coupled to the jaw assembly to move the second jaw member between an open position in which the second jaw member is spaced part from the window and a closed position.

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13-05-2021 дата публикации

TAILORED LASER PULSES FOR SURGICAL APPLICATIONS

Номер: US20210137596A1
Принадлежит: Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.

A laser system may include a controller configured to direct a plurality of temporally spaced-apart electrical pulses to a device that optically pumps a lasing medium, and a lasing medium configured to output a quasi-continuous laser pulse in response to the optical pumping. The plurality of temporally spaced-apart electrical pulses may include (a) a first electrical pulse configured to excite the lasing medium to an energy level below a lasing threshold of the lasing medium, and (b) multiple second electrical pulses following the first electrical pulse. The quasi-continuous laser pulse is output in response to the multiple second electrical pulses. 120-. (canceled)21. A laser system , comprising:a controller configured to direct a plurality of temporally spaced-apart electrical pulses to a device that optically pumps a lasing medium; anda lasing medium configured to output a quasi-continuous laser pulse in response to the optical pumping,wherein the plurality of temporally spaced-apart electrical pulses include (a) one electrical pulse configured to excite the lasing medium to an energy level below a lasing threshold of the lasing medium, and (b) a plurality of electrical pulses following the one electrical pulse, andwherein the quasi-continuous laser pulse is output in response to the plurality of electrical pulses.22. The system of claim 21 , wherein the lasing medium includes one of Ho:YAG claim 21 , Tm:YAG claim 21 , Tm:Ho:YAG claim 21 , Er:YAG claim 21 , Er:YLF claim 21 , Nd:YAG claim 21 , Tm-fiber laser claim 21 , or CTH:YAG.23. The system of claim 21 , wherein each electrical pulse of the plurality of electrical pulses has an electrical pulse duration between 10-1000 μs.24. The system of claim 21 , wherein a spacing between adjacent electrical pulses of the plurality of electrical pulses is between 10-300 μs.25. The system of claim 21 , wherein a laser pulse duration of the quasi-continuous laser pulse is between 250 μs to 10 ms.26. The system of claim 21 , ...

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24-01-2023 дата публикации

Laser induced collagen crosslinking in tissue

Номер: US0011559433B2

The presently disclosed subject matter provides techniques for inducing collagen cross-linking in human tissue, such as cartilage, by inducing ionization of the water contained in the tissue to produce free radicals that induce chemical cross-linking in the human tissue. In an embodiment, a femtosecond laser operates at sufficiently low laser pulse energy to avoid optical breakdown of the tissue being treated. In an embodiment, the femtosecond laser operates in the infrared frequency range.

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28-08-2018 дата публикации

Pattern laser

Номер: CN0108463192A
Принадлежит:

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22-04-2021 дата публикации

MEDICAL HANDPIECE AND MEDICAL LASER APPARATUS

Номер: US20210113851A1
Принадлежит: Lutronic Corp

A medical laser apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a laser oscillation unit for oscillating a laser; a beam width adjustment unit for adjusting the beam width of the laser oscillated from the laser oscillation unit; and a concentration unit for concentrating the laser of which the beam width has expanded by means of the beam width adjustment unit.

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13-02-2024 дата публикации

Tailored laser pulses for surgical applications

Номер: US0011896300B2
Принадлежит: Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.

A laser system may include a controller configured to direct a plurality of temporally spaced-apart electrical pulses to a device that optically pumps a lasing medium, and a lasing medium configured to output a quasi-continuous laser pulse in response to the optical pumping. The plurality of temporally spaced-apart electrical pulses may include (a) a first electrical pulse configured to excite the lasing medium to an energy level below a lasing threshold of the lasing medium, and (b) multiple second electrical pulses following the first electrical pulse. The quasi-continuous laser pulse is output in response to the multiple second electrical pulses.

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05-01-2016 дата публикации

External charger with adjustable alignment indicator

Номер: US0009227075B2

Electrical energy is transcutaneously transmitted at a plurality of different frequencies to an implanted medical device. The magnitude of the transmitted electrical energy respectively measured at the plurality of frequencies. One of the frequencies is selected based on the measured magnitude of the electrical energy (e.g., the frequency at which the measured magnitude of the electrical energy is the greatest). A depth level at which the medical device is implanted within the patient is determined based on the selected frequency. For example, the depth level may be determined to be relatively shallow if the selected frequency is relatively high, and relatively deep if the selected frequency is relative low. A charge strength threshold at which a charge strength indicator generates a user-discernible signal can then be set based on the determined depth level.

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05-05-2015 дата публикации

Ophthalmic laser treatment apparatus

Номер: US0009023017B2

An ophthalmic laser treatment apparatus comprises: a laser source that emits a laser beam for treatment of an affected part of a patient's eye; an optical fiber that transmits the laser beam emitted from the laser source; and a delivery optical system that irradiates the laser beam emitted from the optical fiber to the affected part of the patient's eye, the delivery optical system including: a plurality of diffraction optical elements each being configured to shape a beam profile of the laser beam at an emission end face of the optical fiber into a beam profile having one of a uniform intensity and a lower intensity in the center than on the periphery on the affected part and also to shape the laser beam to have a different spot size on the affected part of the patient's eye; and a changing unit which selectively disposing one of the diffraction optical elements on an optical path.

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24-01-2008 дата публикации

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DERMATOLOGICAL TREATMENT AND FRACTIONAL SKIN RESURFACING

Номер: US2008021442A1
Принадлежит:

A system and method for performing fractional resurfacing of a target area of skin using electromagnetic radiation are provided. An electromagnetic radiation is generated by an electromagnetic radiation source. The electromagnetic radiation is caused to be applied to a particular portion of a target area of skin. The electromagnetic radiation can be impeded from affecting another portion of the target area of the skin by a mask. Alternatively, the electromagnetic radiation may be applied to portions of the target area of the skin, other than the particular portion.

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17-01-2008 дата публикации

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DERMATOLOGICAL TREATMENT AND FRACTIONAL SKIN RESURFACING

Номер: US2008015555A1
Принадлежит:

A system and method for performing fractional resurfacing of a target area of skin using electromagnetic radiation are provided. An electromagnetic radiation is generated by an electromagnetic radiation source. The electromagnetic radiation is caused to be applied to a particular portion of a target area of skin. The electromagnetic radiation can be impeded from affecting another portion of the target area of the skin by a mask. Alternatively, the electromagnetic radiation may be applied to portions of the target area of the skin, other than the particular portion.

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04-03-2021 дата публикации

TIP FOR MULTIPLE BEAM TISSUE THERAPY

Номер: US20210059753A1
Принадлежит: Individual

The invention provides a tip that permits therapeutic electromagnetic energy systems to deliver multiple beams of overlapping, partially overlapping, and non-overlapping electromagnetic energy in the treatment of tissue disorders and conditions. The tip finds use with laser systems, intense pulsed light systems, LED systems, radiofrequency systems, and microwave systems.

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09-06-2015 дата публикации

Ophthalmic laser treatment apparatus

Номер: US0009050170B2
Автор: Hitoshi Abe, ABE HITOSHI
Принадлежит: NIDEK CO., LTD., ABE HITOSHI, NIDEK KK

An ophthalmic laser treatment apparatus for treating a patient's eye by irradiating a treatment laser beam thereto, comprises: an irradiation unit including a treatment laser source, and a scanner for scanning an irradiation spot of the treatment beam from the laser source onto a tissue of the patient's eye in two dimensions; a memory for storing a plurality of predetermined irradiation patterns in each of which a plurality of the irradiation spots of the treatment beam are arranged in a predetermined arrangement; an irradiation pattern selecting unit including a selection switch for inputting a signal to select a desired irradiation pattern from the irradiation patterns stored in the memory; an irradiation pattern changing unit including a change switch for inputting a signal to change a part of the arrangement of the irradiation pattern in which the irradiation spots are arranged on the basis of the selected irradiation pattern by the irradiation pattern selecting unit; and a control ...

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12-04-2016 дата публикации

Ophthalmic laser treatment apparatus

Номер: US0009308129B2
Автор: Hitoshi Abe, ABE HITOSHI
Принадлежит: NIDEK CO., LTD., NIDEK KK

An ophthalmic laser treatment apparatus for treating an eye including: an irradiation unit including a laser source, and a scanner for scanning an irradiation spot from the laser source onto a tissue of the eye in two dimensions; a memory for storing a plurality of predetermined irradiation patterns in each of which a plurality of the irradiation spots are arranged in a predetermined arrangement; an irradiation pattern selecting unit including a switch for inputting a signal to select a pattern from the patterns stored in the memory; an pattern changing unit including a switch for inputting a signal to change part of the arrangement of the irradiation pattern in which irradiation spots are arranged on the basis of the selected irradiation pattern; and a control unit for controlling driving of the irradiation unit to sequentially irradiate the beam based on the irradiation pattern changed by the pattern changing unit.

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21-08-2018 дата публикации

SINGLE OPTICAL FIBER-BASED MULTI-RING LASER BEAM DEVICE, AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREFOR

Номер: CN0108432068A
Автор: LEE KYUNG YONG
Принадлежит: Individual

本发明涉及一种基于单光纤的多环激光束装置以及制造方法。本发明通过在单光纤中的至少两个步进加工过程,将激光束以两个以上的环形态从光纤的长度方向放射状扩展。因此,通过使用两个环形光学轮廓而不是一个环形光学轮廓,能量分散效应可以减少玻璃管上的能量负担,从而防止玻璃管破裂的风险并提供安全的治疗效果。并且,根据本发明的一实施例,在一个光纤做成两个环而不是使用两个光纤,从而减少不必要的工艺过程制造容易且节省费用,并且,根据本发明的另一实施例,可以在单根光纤中创建两个以上的环形光学轮廓,从而减少玻璃管的尺寸。

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16-04-2024 дата публикации

Laser induced collagen crosslinking in tissue

Номер: US0011957622B2

The presently disclosed subject matter provides techniques for inducing collagen cross-linking in human tissue, such as cartilage, by inducing ionization of the water contained in the tissue to produce free radicals that induce chemical cross-linking in the human tissue. In an embodiment, a femtosecond laser operates at sufficiently low laser pulse energy to avoid optical breakdown of the tissue being treated. In an embodiment, the femtosecond laser operates in the infrared frequency range.

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23-10-2018 дата публикации

LASER INDUCED COLLAGEN CROSSLINKING IN TISSUE

Номер: BR112018007437A2
Принадлежит:

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30-08-2005 дата публикации

Método e aparato para tratamento de pele usando padrões de energia óptica

Номер: BR0314913A
Автор:
Принадлежит:

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19-01-2021 дата публикации

Tailored laser pulses for surgical applications

Номер: US0010893906B2

A laser system may include a controller configured to direct a plurality of temporally spaced-apart electrical pulses to a device that optically pumps a lasing medium, and a lasing medium configured to output a quasi-continuous laser pulse in response to the optical pumping. The plurality of temporally spaced-apart electrical pulses may include (a) a first electrical pulse configured to excite the lasing medium to an energy level below a lasing threshold of the lasing medium, and (b) multiple second electrical pulses following the first electrical pulse. The quasi-continuous laser pulse is output in response to the multiple second electrical pulses.

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12-07-2018 дата публикации

Laser Induced Collagen Crosslinking in Tissue

Номер: US20180193188A1

The presently disclosed subject matter provides techniques for inducing collagen cross-linking in human tissue, such as cartilage or cornea, without using a photosensitizer (e.g., riboflavin), by inducing ionization of the water contained in the tissue to produce free radicals that induce chemical cross-linking in the human tissue. In an embodiment, a femtosecond laser operates at sufficiently low laser pulse energy to avoid optical breakdown of tissue. In an embodiment, the femtosecond laser operates in the infrared frequency range. 1. A method of reshaping curvature of a region of a cornea having an initial curvature , the method comprising:inducing partial ionization in a region of the cornea by applying laser light energy below optical breakdown, wherein a majority of the laser light is in wavelengths, or integral fractions thereof, that are not absorbed directly by amino acids in collagen of the cornea.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:projecting an illumination pattern on the cornea;recording a pattern of reflection from the cornea with a camera; andconverting the pattern of reflection into a topography of the cornea.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the laser light energy is applied in an illumination pattern generated by a continuous wave laser.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the initial curvature is reshaped to a curvature corresponding to a desired topography.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the region of the cornea to be modified is based at least in part on a deformation map.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inducing partial ionization comprises scanning a laser over the region of the cornea to be modified.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the scanning comprises scanning a femtosecond laser.8. The method of claim 6 , wherein the scanning comprises scanning a femtosecond laser having an average power output from about 10 mW to about 100 mW.9. The method of claim 6 , wherein the scanning comprises scanning a femtosecond laser having ...

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09-06-2016 дата публикации

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR NON-INVASIVE TREATMENT OF SKIN USING LASER LIGHT

Номер: US20160157935A1
Принадлежит:

An increasing number of non-invasive skin treatment devices are being provided for use by consumers instead of by medical professionals. Such home use raises new concerns, such as safety and treatment efficacy. The invention improves on existing devices and treatment methods. The invention provides a device and method, wherein a light source is configured and arranged to provide a first (31) and a second (32) region of non-zero intensity within a transverse cross-section of a laser light beam (21) having a single higher-order laser beam mode, and a third region (33), disposed between the first (31) and second (32) regions, of lower light intensity than the non-zero light intensity. The first (31) and second (32) regions are configured to create, during use, a lesion in skin tissue in the focal spot of the laser light beam, and the third (33) region is configured to avoid creating in the focal spot, during use, a lesion in skin tissue between the lesions created by the first and second regions ...

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13-09-2022 дата публикации

Laser system with controlled firing of cooling agent and laser based on applicator position

Номер: US0011439463B2
Автор: Kevin Schomacker
Принадлежит: CANDELA CORPORATION, Candela Corporation

A laser system includes a base unit having a power source. A hand-held applicator is connected with the base unit configured to engage biological tissue for treatment. Position detection structure is associated with the applicator for determining a position of the applicator relative to the engaged biological tissue. A laser source generates a laser beam. A cooling system provides a cooling agent to the biological tissue during treatment. A processor circuit is connected with the position detection structure, the laser source and the cooling system. Based on data received from the position detection structure, the processor circuit triggers application of the cooling agent to the treated biological tissue, or triggers application of the cooling agent to the treated biological tissue, followed by a time delay, and then triggers the laser source.

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20-02-2020 дата публикации

BEAM MULTIPLEXER FOR WRITING REFRACTIVE INDEX CHANGES IN OPTICAL MATERIALS

Номер: US20200054485A1
Принадлежит:

A refractive index writing system includes a pulsed laser source, an objective lens for focusing an output of the pulsed laser source to a focal spot in an optical material, and a scanner for relatively moving the focal spot with respect to the optical material along a scan region. A beam multiplexer divides the output of the laser source into at least two working beams that are focused to variously shaped focal spots within the optical material. A controller controls at least one of a temporal and a spatial offset between the focal spots of the working beams together with the relative speed and direction of the scanner for maintaining an energy profile within the optical material along the scan region above a nonlinear absorption threshold of the optical material and below a breakdown threshold of the optical materials.

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30-06-2005 дата публикации

Multi-spot laser surgical apparatus and method

Номер: US2005143719A1
Принадлежит:

An array of light beams is swept along a main scan direction and dithered in a sub-scan direction to generate a treatment pattern of spots. The array is elongated along the sub-scan direction and the dithering has a travel that is significantly less than the length of the array in the sub-scan direction.

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03-07-2018 дата публикации

External charger with adjustable alignment indicator

Номер: US0010010717B2

Electrical energy is transcutaneously transmitted at a plurality of different frequencies to an implanted medical device. The magnitude of the transmitted electrical energy respectively measured at the plurality of frequencies. One of the frequencies is selected based on the measured magnitude of the electrical energy (e.g., the frequency at which the measured magnitude of the electrical energy is the greatest). A depth level at which the medical device is implanted within the patient is determined based on the selected frequency. For example, the depth level may be determined to be relatively shallow if the selected frequency is relatively high, and relatively deep if the selected frequency is relative low. A charge strength threshold at which a charge strength indicator generates a user-discernible signal can then be set based on the determined depth level.

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05-04-2018 дата публикации

TAILORED LASER PULSES FOR SURGICAL APPLICATIONS

Номер: US20180092693A1
Принадлежит: Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.

A laser system may include a controller configured to direct a plurality of temporally spaced-apart electrical pulses to a device that optically pumps a lasing medium, and a lasing medium configured to output a quasi-continuous laser pulse in response to the optical pumping. The plurality of temporally spaced-apart electrical pulses may include (a) a first electrical pulse configured to excite the lasing medium to an energy level below a lasing threshold of the lasing medium, and (b) multiple second electrical pulses following the first electrical pulse. The quasi-continuous laser pulse is output in response to the multiple second electrical pulses. 1. A laser system , comprising:a controller configured to direct a plurality of temporally spaced-apart electrical pulses to a device that optically pumps a lasing medium; anda lasing medium configured to output a quasi-continuous laser pulse in response to the optical pumping, the plurality of temporally spaced-apart electrical pulses including (a) a first electrical pulse configured to excite the lasing medium to an energy level below a lasing threshold of the lasing medium, and (b) multiple second electrical pulses following the first electrical pulse, wherein the quasi-continuous laser pulse is output in response to the multiple second electrical pulses.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the lasing medium includes one of Ho:YAG claim 1 , Tm:YAG claim 1 , Tm:Ho:YAG claim 1 , Er:YAG claim 1 , Er:YLF claim 1 , Nd:YAG claim 1 , Tm-fiber laser claim 1 , and CTH:YAG.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein each electrical pulse of the multiple second electrical pulses has an electrical pulse duration between about 10-1000 μs.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein a spacing between adjacent electrical pulses of the multiple second electrical pulses is between about 10-300 μs.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein a laser pulse duration of the quasi-continuous laser pulse is between about 250 μs to 10 ms.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein ...

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11-08-2020 дата публикации

External charger with adjustable alignment indicator

Номер: US0010737103B2

Electrical energy is transcutaneously transmitted at a plurality of different frequencies to an implanted medical device. The magnitude of the transmitted electrical energy respectively measured at the plurality of frequencies. One of the frequencies is selected based on the measured magnitude of the electrical energy (e.g., the frequency at which the measured magnitude of the electrical energy is the greatest). A depth level at which the medical device is implanted within the patient is determined based on the selected frequency. For example, the depth level may be determined to be relatively shallow if the selected frequency is relatively high, and relatively deep if the selected frequency is relative low. A charge strength threshold at which a charge strength indicator generates a user-discernible signal can then be set based on the determined depth level.

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15-08-2006 дата публикации

Multi-spot laser surgical apparatus and method

Номер: US0007090670B2

An array of light beams is swept along a main scan direction and dithered in a sub-scan direction to generate a treatment pattern of spots. The array is elongated along the sub-scan direction and the dithering has a travel that is significantly less than the length of the array in the sub-scan direction.

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27-12-2018 дата публикации

PATTERN LASER

Номер: US20180368915A1
Принадлежит: Ellex Medical Pty Ltd

The invention resides in a pattern laser comprising a plurality of laser devices each emitting a treatment laser beam into an optical fibre of an optical fibre bundle. An optical coupling module is associated with each laser device and each optical fibre for coupling a treatment laser beam into the associated optical fibre. A controller controls the operation of the laser devices by selectively turning on or off one or more of the laser devices so as to form a laser treatment pattern at an end of the fibre bundle away from the laser devices. A delivery system images the output from the fibre bundle to a treatment zone.

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31-07-2018 дата публикации

Carbon dioxide fractional laser treatment instrument capable of arbitrarily deforming treatment region

Номер: CN0108338835A
Автор: LIU XI, LIU YIRAN, FAN CUNLU
Принадлежит:

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12-07-2019 дата публикации

Laser induced collagen crosslinking in tissue

Номер: HK1254187A1
Принадлежит: Univ Columbia

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26-02-2014 дата публикации

Apparatus for dermatological treatment and fractional skin resurfacing

Номер: EP2316373B9
Принадлежит: General Hospital Corp

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20-03-2023 дата публикации

Pattern laser

Номер: PL3389577T3
Принадлежит: Ellex Medical Pty Ltd

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06-05-2004 дата публикации

Method and apparatus for treating skin using patterns of optical energy

Номер: CA2502619A1
Принадлежит: Individual

A dermatological apparatus includes multiple light source and optical pathway connections. Each light source is capable of delivering an optical beam through its connected optical pathway to a targeted portion of a human skin. The dermatological apparatus also includes a control system to select and control the light sources to deliver multiple optical beams in a discontinuous pattern and a focusing element to focus the power of the delivered optical beams to multiple discrete treatment zones that are located up to 1.5 mm underneath an outer surface of the targeted portion. The discrete treatment zones have sizes in the range of 10 ~m to 1000 ~m.

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11-08-2022 дата публикации

Application of electromagnetic radiation to the human iris

Номер: US20220249280A1
Автор: Gregg Homer
Принадлежит: Stroma Medical Corp

Rather than rely solely upon pupillary occlusion or tracking of eye movement to protect the fundus from accidental exposure to electromagnetic radiation, the present invention also utilizes an electromagnetic radiation pathway with a profile such that the energy density at the iris is greater than the energy density at the posterior portion of the eye. This disparity in energy density allows for efficacy at the anterior iris treatment site, without injury to the fundus.

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18-02-2011 дата публикации

Noninvasive medical device i.e. remote linear ultrasonic device, for treating e.g. skin of patient, has cold laser probe provided with high intensity and scanning that is adjusted in stage by stage mode or horizontal or vertical line

Номер: FR2949067A1
Принадлежит: Individual

Dispositif médical non invasif utilisant les ultrasons hautement focalisés à faisceau linéaire ajustable et le laser froid à haute intensité à balayage réglable pour traiter le derme, les tissus adipeux et les lipodistrophies. Le dispositif est constitué d'un système de transducteur à ultrasons hautement focalisé (HFU) dont le faisceau d'émission est linéaire et dont la ligne de focal est ajustable en profondeur de 2mm à 20mm et, d'une sonde laser froid à haute intensité manuelle et à balayage, dont le balayage est ajustable en mode point par point ou ligne horizontale ou verticale grâce à un effet de scanner miniaturisé. La vitesse de balayage, la puissance ainsi que la surface de balayage étant réglable par l'opérateur par l'interface homme machine (IHM). Le dispositif selon l'invention est particulièrement destiné à des applications techniques en établissement de soins ambulatoires et utilisable par un simple manipulateur.

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30-11-2006 дата публикации

Electromagnetic energy emitting device with increased spot size

Номер: CA2609559A1

Outputs of a plurality of electromagnetic energy emitting devices are merged to create merged electromagnetic energy. The merged electromagnetic energy illuminates a target with a spot size larger than a spot size obtained with a single electromagnetic energy emitting device.

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01-01-2020 дата публикации

Beam multiplexer for writing refractive index changes in optical materials

Номер: EP3585332A1
Автор: Wayne H. Knox
Принадлежит: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER

A refractive index writing system includes a pulsed laser source, an objective lens for focusing an output of the pulsed laser source to a focal spot in an optical material, and a scanner for relatively moving the focal spot with respect to the optical material along a scan region. A beam multiplexer divides the output of the laser source into at least two working beams that are focused to variously shaped focal spots within the optical material. A controller controls at least one of a temporal and a spatial offset between the focal spots of the working beams together with the relative speed and direction of the scanner for maintaining an energy profile within the optical material along the scan region above a nonlinear absorption threshold of the optical material and below a breakdown threshold of the optical materials.

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26-01-2011 дата публикации

Apparatus for dermatological treatment and fractional skin resurfacing

Номер: EP2277470A1
Принадлежит: General Hospital Corp

A system and method for performing fractional resurfacing of a target area of skin using electromagnetic radiation are provided. An electromagnetic radiation is generated by an electromagnetic radiation source. The electromagnetic radiation is caused to be applied to a particular portion of a target area of skin. The electromagnetic radiation can be impeded from affecting another portion of the target area of the skin by a mask. Alternatively, the electromagnetic radiation may be applied to portions of the target area of the skin, other than the particular portion.

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13-07-2011 дата публикации

DEVICE AND DERMATOLOGICAL TREATMENT AND FRACTIONATED SKIN RENEWAL.

Номер: ES2362825T3
Принадлежит: General Hospital Corp

Un aparato (108/400) para aplicar una radiación electromagnética a un área diana de la piel (114) que comprende: al menos un miembro (202/402) configurado para ocultar al menos una porción de un área diana de la piel (114) a la radiación electromagnética proporcionada por una fuente de radiación electromagnética, en el que el al menos un miembro (202/402) tiene al menos aproximadamente 50 µm de ancho y como máximo aproximadamente 300 µm de ancho y está configurado de forma que una cantidad de la radiación electromagnética particular que impacta con el al menos un miembro es reflejada en una dirección de la fuente de radiación electromagnética. An apparatus (108/400) for applying electromagnetic radiation to a target area of the skin (114) comprising: at least one member (202/402) configured to hide at least a portion of a target area of the skin (114 ) to electromagnetic radiation provided by a source of electromagnetic radiation, in which the at least one member (202/402) is at least about 50 µm wide and at most about 300 µm wide and is configured so that an amount of the particular electromagnetic radiation that impacts with the at least one member is reflected in a direction of the source of electromagnetic radiation.

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27-02-2023 дата публикации

Laser handpiece apparatus having improved adjust module that can change the shape of the beam

Номер: KR102504000B1
Автор: 김용태, 김정열, 이상진
Принадлежит: 주식회사 티에스젠

본 발명은 서로 다른 형태의 글래스로드들이 교체되어 출력되는 레이저의 형태를 변경하는 글래스로드 변환부와, 상기 출력되는 레이저의 초점을 조절할 수 있는 초점거리 조정부와, 상기 글래스로드 변환부 및 초점거리 조정부의 위치를 변경할 때 상기 글래스로드 변환부와 초점거리 조정부의 간격을 자동 조정하는 조정모듈을 포함하며, 상기 조정모듈은 중심이 동일하지 않은 두 개의 원판이 상대회전하여 글래스로드의 종류를 변경하는 글래스로드 변환부를 구비하는 개선된 빔모양 변환모듈을 구비하는 레이저 핸드피스 장치를 제공한다. The present invention provides a glass rod converting unit that changes the shape of an output laser by replacing glass rods of different shapes, a focal length adjusting unit that can adjust the focus of the output laser, and the glass rod converting unit and the focal length adjusting unit. and an adjustment module that automatically adjusts the distance between the glass rod converting unit and the focal length adjusting unit when the position of the glass rod is changed, and the adjustment module changes the type of the glass rod by relatively rotating two discs with unequal centers. A laser handpiece device having an improved beam shape conversion module having a rod conversion unit is provided.

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08-09-2022 дата публикации

Polygonal glass rod module for laser handpiece apparatus

Номер: KR102441503B1
Автор: 김용태, 김정열, 이상진
Принадлежит: 주식회사 티에스젠

본 발명은 서로 다른 형태의 글래스로드들이 교체되어 출력되는 레이저의 형태를 변경하는 글래스로드 변환부와, 상기 출력되는 레이저의 초점을 조절할 수 있는 초점거리 조정부와, 상기 글래스로드 변환부 및 초점거리 조정부의 위치를 변경할 때 상기 글래스로드 변환부와 초점거리 조정부의 간격을 자동 조정하는 조정모듈을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 레이저 핸드피스 장치를 개시한다. The present invention provides a glass rod converting unit for changing the shape of the laser output by replacing different types of glass rods, a focal length adjusting unit capable of adjusting the focus of the output laser, the glass rod converting unit and the focal length adjusting unit Disclosed is a laser handpiece device comprising an adjustment module for automatically adjusting the distance between the glass rod converting unit and the focal length adjusting unit when changing the position of the laser handpiece.

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17-01-2008 дата публикации

Method and apparatus for dermatological treatment and fractional skin resurfacing

Номер: US20080015555A1
Принадлежит: General Hospital Corp

A system and method for performing fractional resurfacing of a target area of skin using electromagnetic radiation are provided. An electromagnetic radiation is generated by an electromagnetic radiation source. The electromagnetic radiation is caused to be applied to a particular portion of a target area of skin. The electromagnetic radiation can be impeded from affecting another portion of the target area of the skin by a mask. Alternatively, the electromagnetic radiation may be applied to portions of the target area of the skin, other than the particular portion.

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20-09-2006 дата публикации

Multi-spot laser surgical apparatus and method

Номер: EP1701665A2
Автор: Robert K. Sink
Принадлежит: Reliant Technologies LLC

An array of light beams is swept along a main scan direction and dithered in a sub-scan direction to generate a treatment pattern of spots. The array is elongated along the sub-scan direction and the dithering has a travel that is significantly less than the length of the array in the sub-scan direction.

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02-10-2008 дата публикации

Ophthalmic laser treatment apparatus

Номер: US20080243108A1
Автор: Koichi Ito, Naho Murakami
Принадлежит: Nidek Co Ltd

An ophthalmic laser treatment apparatus comprises: a laser source that emits a laser beam for treatment of an affected part of a patient's eye; an optical fiber that transmits the laser beam emitted from the laser source; and a delivery optical system that irradiates the laser beam emitted from the optical fiber to the affected part of the patient's eye, the delivery optical system including: a plurality of diffraction optical elements each being configured to shape a beam profile of the laser beam at an emission end face of the optical fiber into a beam profile having one of a uniform intensity and a lower intensity in the center than on the periphery on the affected part and also to shape the laser beam to have a different spot size on the affected part of the patient's eye; and a changing unit which selectively disposing one of the diffraction optical elements on an optical path.

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06-07-2022 дата публикации

System and method for laser treatment based on skin lesion shape

Номер: KR20220094353A
Принадлежит: 경북대학교 산학협력단

본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 피부 병변 형상에 기반한 레이저 치료 시스템은 대상체의 피부 병변 영상 정보를 수집하고, 상기 대상체의 특정영역에 레이저를 선택적으로 조사하는 레이저 조사부; 상기 레이저 조사부에 의해 수집된 병변 영상 정보를 이용하여 대상체의 시술 영역을 설정하고, 설정된 시술 영역의 병변 형상에 따라 상기 레이저 조사부에 의해 조사되는 레이저를 제어하는 본체부; 및 상기 레이저 조사부와 상기 본체부를 연결하는 로봇 가이드부를 포함한다.

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13-04-2023 дата публикации

Tailored laser pulses for surgical applications

Номер: AU2023201631A1
Принадлежит: Boston Scientific Scimed Inc

TAILORED LASER PULSES FOR SURGICAL APPLICATIONS A laser system may include a controller configured to direct a plurality of temporally spaced-apart electrical pulses to a device that optically pumps a lasing medium, and a lasing medium configured to output a quasi-continuous laser pulse in response to the optical pumping. The plurality of temporally spaced-apart electrical pulses may include (a) a first electrical pulse configured to excite the lasing medium to an energy level below a lasing threshold of the lasing medium, and (b) multiple second electrical pulses following the first electrical pulse. The quasi-continuous laser pulse is output in response to the multiple second electrical pulses.

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04-03-2021 дата публикации

멀티 스팟 레이저 발생장치의 동작 방법, 이를 이용하는 레이저 발생장치, 및 레이저 시스템

Номер: KR102223083B1
Автор: 김동현, 이자인
Принадлежит: 주식회사 하이로닉

본 발명의 실시 예에 따른 레이저 발생 장치는 단일 스팟(spot) 레이저 광을 생성하는 레이저 광원, 상기 레이저 광원으로부터 입사된 상기 단일 스팟 레이저 광을 멀티 스팟 레이저 광으로 바꾸어 출력시키는 멀티 스팟 생성 유닛, 출력된 상기 멀티 스팟 레이저 광의 스팟 크기를 조절하여 타겟에 조사하는 스팟 크기조절 광학계, 타겟에 조사된 상기 멀티 스팟 레이저 광의 스팟의 형태를 센싱하는 광 스팟 센서 및 센싱된 상기 멀티 스팟 레이저 광의 스팟의 형태에 따라, 상기 스팟 크기조절 광학계를 제어하는 광학계 컨트롤러를 포함한다.

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20-03-2024 дата публикации

Systems and methods for aesthetic treatment

Номер: EP3983062A4

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24-01-2024 дата публикации

Preventative dental hard tissue laser treatment systems, methods, and computer-readable media

Номер: EP4096548A4
Принадлежит: Enamel Pure LLC

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28-11-2019 дата публикации

Tökéletesített kisteljesítményû terápiás lézer eszköz

Номер: HUP1800145A2
Автор: Tamás Rózsa
Принадлежит: Tamás Rózsa

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14-09-2023 дата публикации

Pulsed laser irradiation device

Номер: US20230285077A1
Автор: Sung Hyun Pyun, Wan Ki Min
Принадлежит: Speclipse Inc

A laser irradiation device includes a housing which has an accommodation space formed therein and an opening formed in one side thereof, a laser module which is positioned in the accommodation space and outputs a pulsed beam having a predetermined focal length and a predetermined focal depth range through the opening, a guide member positioned at one side of the housing, and a contact member which is mounted on the guide member and includes a contact portion having a through-hole, through which the pulsed beam passes, formed therein, wherein the contact portion is in contact with a subject to assist in fixing an irradiation point of the pulsed beam, one end of the contact portion is positioned within the focal depth range such that plasma ablation is induced in at least a portion of the subject, and a diameter of the through-hole having a circular shape.

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17-04-2018 дата публикации

렌즈 어셈블리 및 의료용 핸드피스

Номер: KR20180039033A
Автор: 김규남
Принадлежит: 주식회사 하이페리온

본 발명은 레이저 시술 등에 사용되며 다양한 레이저 빔 패턴을 출력할 수 있는 렌즈 어셈블리 및 의료용 핸드피스에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 따른 레이저 빔 패턴을 형성하여 조사하는 의료용 핸드피스는, 레이저가 통과하는 내부 공간이 마련된 몸체; 및 소정의 투과율을 가지는 복수의 개별 패턴이 렌즈의 일면에 형성된 패턴 렌즈를 포함하며, 상기 몸체와 탈부착 가능한 렌즈 어셈블리를 포함한다. 상기 패턴 렌즈를 투과한 레이저가 상기 복수의 개별 패턴에 의해 소정의 레이저 빔 패턴을 발생시킨다.

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06-11-2023 дата публикации

빔 사이즈 조절과 식별이 용이하도록 구성되는 의료용 레이저 조사장치

Номер: KR102597337B1
Автор: 오봉양, 이진홍, 홍순건
Принадлежит: 홍순건

본 발명에 따른 빔 사이즈 조절과 식별이 용이하도록 구성되는 의료용 레이저 조사장치는 외장을 형성하는 하우징과 상기 하우징의 저면에 설치되는 바퀴를 포함하며, 레이저빔을 발생시키는 본체부와, 상기 본체부의 상부에 결합되어 상기 본체부로부터의 레이저빔을 안내하기 위한 다관절가이드부와, 상기 다관절가이드부에 결합되어 상기 다관절가이드부 내부로 가이드빔을 발생시키기 위한 가이드빔발생부와, 상기 다관절가이드부의 단부에 결합되어 상기 레이저빔과 가이드빔을 조절하기 위한 빔조절부를 포함한다. 본 발명에 의해, 레이저 조사장치의 작동 자유도가 높게 구성되어 조작이 용이해지며, 조사되는 레이저빔의 크기를 시각적으로 명확히 확인할 수 있다. 또한, 전력 공급을 위한 케이블들이 컴팩트하게 거치될 수 있고, 조사되는 레이저빔의 강도와 크기를 용이하게 조절할 수 있다.

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22-02-2024 дата публикации

Pulsed laser irradiation device

Номер: AU2021269451B2
Автор: Sung Hyun Pyun, Wan Ki Min
Принадлежит: Speclipse Inc

] A laser irradiation device for inducing plasma ablation in skin according to one embodiment of the present application includes a housing which has an accommodation space formed therein and an opening formed in one side thereof, a laser module which is positioned in the accommodation space and outputs a pulsed beam having a predetermined focal length and a predetermined focal depth range through the opening, a guide member positioned at one side of the housing, and a contact member which is mounted on the guide member and includes a contact portion having a through-hole, through which the pulsed beam passes, formed therein, wherein the contact portion is in contact with a subject to assist in fixing an irradiation point of the pulsed beam, one end of the contact portion is positioned within the focal depth range such that plasma ablation is induced in at least a portion of the subject, and a diameter of the through-hole having a circular shape is formed to be less than or equal to a preset length such that the at least a portion of the subject is maintained within the focal depth range even when the contact member presses the subject.

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11-02-2022 дата публикации

基于涂敷器位置利用冷却剂和激光器的受控发射的激光系统

Номер: CN114040725A
Автор: 凯文·肖马克
Принадлежит: Candela Co

激光系统包括具有电源的基座单元。手持式涂敷器与基座单元连接,手持式涂敷器被配置为接合生物组织以用于治疗。位置检测结构与涂敷器相关联,用于确定涂敷器相对于所接合的生物组织的位置。激光源生成激光束。冷却系统在治疗期间向生物组织提供冷却剂。处理器电路与位置检测结构、激光源和冷却系统连接。基于从位置检测结构接收的数据,处理器电路触发将冷却剂施加到所治疗的生物组织,或触发将冷却剂施加到所治疗的生物组织,随后是时间延迟,然后触发激光源。

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16-12-2021 дата публикации

Laser system with controlled firing of cooling agent and laser based on applicator position

Номер: AU2020263237A1
Автор: Kevin Schomacker
Принадлежит: Candela Corp

A laser system includes a base unit having a power source. A hand-held applicator is connected with the base unit configured to engage biological tissue for treatment. Position detection structure is associated with the applicator for determining a position of the applicator relative to the engaged biological tissue. A laser source generates a laser beam. A cooling system provides a cooling agent to the biological tissue during treatment. A processor circuit is connected with the position detection structure, the laser source and the cooling system. Based on data received from the position detection structure, the processor circuit triggers application of the cooling agent to the treated biological tissue, or triggers application of the cooling agent to the treated biological tissue, followed by a time delay, and then triggers the laser source.

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29-10-2020 дата публикации

Laser system with controlled firing of cooling agent and laser based on applicator position

Номер: WO2020219308A1
Автор: Kevin Schomacker
Принадлежит: CANDELA CORPORATION

A laser system includes a base unit having a power source. A hand-held applicator is connected with the base unit configured to engage biological tissue for treatment. Position detection structure is associated with the applicator for determining a position of the applicator relative to the engaged biological tissue. A laser source generates a laser beam. A cooling system provides a cooling agent to the biological tissue during treatment. A processor circuit is connected with the position detection structure, the laser source and the cooling system. Based on data received from the position detection structure, the processor circuit triggers application of the cooling agent to the treated biological tissue, or triggers application of the cooling agent to the treated biological tissue, followed by a time delay, and then triggers the laser source.

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02-03-2022 дата публикации

Laser system with controlled firing of cooling agent and laser based on applicator position

Номер: EP3958777A1
Автор: Kevin Schomacker
Принадлежит: Candela Corp

A laser system includes a base unit having a power source. A hand-held applicator is connected with the base unit configured to engage biological tissue for treatment. Position detection structure is associated with the applicator for determining a position of the applicator relative to the engaged biological tissue. A laser source generates a laser beam. A cooling system provides a cooling agent to the biological tissue during treatment. A processor circuit is connected with the position detection structure, the laser source and the cooling system. Based on data received from the position detection structure, the processor circuit triggers application of the cooling agent to the treated biological tissue, or triggers application of the cooling agent to the treated biological tissue, followed by a time delay, and then triggers the laser source.

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18-08-2022 дата публикации

アプリケータの位置に基づく冷却剤及びレーザの制御された発射を用いるレーザシステム

Номер: JP2022536586A

レーザシステムは、電源を備えたベースユニットを有する。手持ち式アプリケータが、前記ベースユニットに接続され、処置のために生物組織と係合するように構成される。位置検出機構が、係合された前記生物組織に対する前記アプリケータの位置を特定するために、前記アプリケータに関連付けられる。レーザ光源が、レーザビームを発生させる。冷却システムが、処置の際に前記生物組織に対して冷却剤を提供する。プロセッサ回路が、前記位置検出機構、前記レーザ光源及び前記冷却システムに接続される。前記プロセッサ回路は、前記位置検出機構から受け取ったデータに基づいて、処置される前記生物組織への冷却剤の適用をトリガするか、又は、処置される前記生物組織への冷却剤の適用をトリガし、その後所定の時間遅延を経て、次にレーザ光源がトリガする。

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13-01-2022 дата публикации

애플리케이터 위치에 기초한 냉각제 및 레이저의 발사가 제어된 레이저 시스템

Номер: KR20220005499A
Автор: 케빈 쇼맥커
Принадлежит: 캔델라 코포레이션

레이저 시스템은 전원을 갖는 베이스 유닛을 포함한다. 휴대용 어플리케이터는 치료를 위해 생물학적 조직과 맞물리도록 구성된 베이스 유닛과 연결된다. 위치 검출 구조물은 맞물린 생물학적 조직에 대한 어플리케이터의 위치를 결정하기 위해 어플리케이터와 연관된다. 레이저 소스는 레이저 빔을 생성한다. 냉각 시스템은 치료 중에 생물학적 조직에 냉각제 소스를 제공한다. 프로세서 회로는 위치 검출 구조물, 레이저 소스 및 냉각 시스템과 연결된다. 위치 검출 구조물로부터 수신된 데이터에 기초하여, 프로세서 회로는 치료된 생물학적 조직에 냉각제의 적용을 트리거하거나 치료된 생물학적 조직에 냉각제의 적용을 트리거한 후 시간 지연이 뒤따르고 난 다음 레이저 소스를 트리거한다.

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15-02-2011 дата публикации

Gerät für die dermatologische behandlung und fraktionale oberflächenerneuerung der haut

Номер: ATE497807T1
Принадлежит: Gen Hospital Corp

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01-03-2021 дата публикации

Tip for multiple beam tissue therapy

Номер: IL276884A
Автор: Tankovich Nikolai
Принадлежит: Tankovich Nikolai

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01-01-2024 дата публикации

Tip for multiple beam tissue therapy

Номер: IL276884B1
Автор: Tankovich Nikolai
Принадлежит: Tankovich Nikolai

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07-11-2019 дата публикации

Improved low power therapy laser device

Номер: WO2019211638A1
Автор: Tamás Rózsa
Принадлежит: Rozsa Tamas

Improved low power therapy laser device (10) comprising a housing (11), a laser light source arranged in the housing (10), a beam expander (18) arranged in the beam path of the laser and diverting lenses (19) in front of the beam expander, and the hollow cavity (20) of the head portion (13) is closed at the front by a transparent closing element (15), wherein in the cavity (20) of the head portion (13) in an even circular distribution at least three lasers (12a, 12b, 12c and in given cases 12d) are arranged, and in front of them respective beam expanders (18a, 18b, 18c and 18d) are arranged, the beam expanders (18a, 18b, 18c and 18d) contact and support each other along respective large surfaces, and the diverting lenses (19) are arranged in an even distribution in front of the beam expanders (18a, 18b, 18c, 18d).

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15-08-2023 дата публикации

止血方法および装置

Номер: JP2023534921A

プローブが、洗浄ポートおよび排出ポートとともに構成され、流動経路を確立し、血液を切除された組織から除去する。プローブは、拡張し、切除された組織に接触し、微細線維を圧縮し、エネルギー源を用いた凝固のために、下層血管へのアクセスを改善するように構成される、バルーンを備える。内視鏡が、組織を視認するために使用されることができ、バルーンは、透明材料または視認ポートを備え、バルーンを通して、出血組織の撮像を可能にしてもよい。プローブは、組織表面に対して斜角に配向されたビームを用いて組織を照明するための光源を有してもよく、これは、血液からの干渉を減少させことができ、血管のより局在化された凝固を可能にし得る。

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27-04-2021 дата публикации

多点激光产生装置的动作方法、激光产生装置及激光系统

Номер: CN112713486A
Автор: 李釨仁, 金昡东
Принадлежит: HIRONIC CO Ltd

根据本发明的实施例的激光产生装置包括:激光光源,其生成单点激光;多点生成单元,其将从上述激光光源入射的上述单点激光变更为多点激光并输出;斑点大小调节光学系统,其调节所输出的上述多点激光的斑点大小并照射到目标;光点传感器,其检测照射到目标的上述多点激光的斑点的形状;及光学系统控制器,其根据检测到的上述多点激光的斑点的形状,控制上述斑点大小调节光学系统。

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10-02-2022 дата публикации

Hemostasis methods and apparatuses

Номер: WO2022011177A3
Принадлежит: PROCEPT BioRobotics Corporation

A probe is configured with a flushing port and an evacuation port to establish a flow path to remove blood from a resected tissue. The probe comprises a balloon configured to expand and contact the resected tissue to compress filaments and improve access to the underlying blood vessels for coagulation with an energy source. An endoscope can be used to view the tissue, and the balloon may comprise a transparent material or a viewing port to allow imaging of the bleeding tissue through the balloon. The probe may have a light source to illuminate the tissue with a beam oriented at an oblique angle to the tissue surface, which can decrease interference from blood and may allow more localized coagulation of the blood vessel.

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22-02-2022 дата публикации

Sistemas e métodos para tratamento estético

Номер: BR112021022285A2
Принадлежит: Dominion Aesthetic Tech Inc

sistemas e métodos para tratamento estético. a presente invenção refere-se a um sistema estético multifuncional incluindo um alojamento, uma matriz eletromagnética situada no alojamento e tendo uma ou mais fontes de radiação eletromagnética (emr), um controlador em comunicação eletrônica com a matriz para operar uma ou mais fontes de emr para direcionar o feixe de emr para uma área de tratamento, e um ou mais sensores em comunicação eletrônica com o controlador para fornecer feedback para o controlador com base em parâmetros definidos para permitir que o controlador ajuste pelo menos uma condição de operação do sistema multifuncional em resposta ao feedback.

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14-03-2024 дата публикации

Optical fiber device with spatially selectable output

Номер: US20240081908A1
Автор: Stephen E. Griffin
Принадлежит: Cyclone Biosciences LLC

An optical-fiber-based optical switch arrangement configured to redirect light from axial propagation to off-axis propagation due to axial repositioning of the optical fiber within the optical termination element and internally reflecting light in an annular fashion off the axis in one state of the switch arrangement and not in the other.

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17-12-2020 дата публикации

Systems and methods for aesthetic treatment

Номер: WO2020252354A1
Принадлежит: Dominion Aesthetic Technologies, Inc.

Provided herein is a multifunctional aesthetic system including a housing, an electromagnetic array situated in the housing and having one or more electromagnetic radiation (EMR) sources, a controller in electronic communication with the array to operate the one or more of the EMR sources to direct the EMR beam to a treatment area, and one or more sensors in electronic communication with the controller for providing feedback to the controller based on defined parameters to allow the controller to adjust at least one operating condition of the multifunctional system in response to the feedback.

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07-09-2023 дата публикации

Contact coupled delivery of radiation for dental hard tissue treatment

Номер: US20230277285A1
Принадлежит: Enamel Pure

Embodiments relate to a systems and methods for preventative irradiative dental treatment. In accordance with one embodiment, a system and method include using a radiation source to generate a radiation; using an optic disposed to accept the radiation to internally reflect he radiation at a first end; using at least one side of the optic to contact a dental hard tissue; using the optic to couple some of the radiation into the dental hard tissue; and, using a controller to control a parameter of the radiation to heat a surface of the dental hard tissue.

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18-05-2023 дата публикации

Prevenative dental hard tissue laser treatment systems and methods

Номер: US20230149136A1
Принадлежит: Individual

In one aspect, embodiments relate to a system for performing preventative dental laser treatment. The system includes, a code reader configured to read a machine readable code, a processor configured to verify the machine readable code and prevent future verification of the machine readable code, and a laser treatment system configured to perform a laser treatment, based upon the verified machine readable code. The laser treatment system includes a laser arrangement configured to generate a laser beam, an optical arrangement configured to direct the laser beam toward a dental hard tissue, and a laser controller configured to control a parameter of the laser beam in order to heat at least a portion of a surface of the dental hard tissue to a temperature above 400° Celsius.

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21-03-2023 дата публикации

Prevenative dental hard tissue laser treatment systems and methods

Номер: US11607297B2
Принадлежит: Enamel Pure LLC

In one aspect, embodiments relate to a system for preventative dental laser treatment that ensures even irradiation of a laser beam. The system includes, a laser arrangement configured to generate the laser beam. The laser beam has one or more of a super-Gaussian energy profile and a transverse ring mode. The system also includes a focus optic. The focus optic is configured to converge the laser beam with a numerical aperture of 0.1 or less to a focal region. The system also includes a hand piece configured to direct the laser beam at a surface of a dental hard tissue. The system additionally includes a controller. The controller is configured to control one or more parameters of the laser source, such that a portion of the surface of the dental hard tissue is heated to a temperature in a range between 400° Celsius and 1300° Celsius.

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01-05-2024 дата публикации

Laser system with controlled firing of cooling agent and laser based on applicator position

Номер: EP4353308A3
Автор: Kevin Schomacker
Принадлежит: Candela Corp

The disclosure relates to a laser system includes a base unit having a power source. A hand-held applicator is connected with the base unit configured to engage biological tissue for treatment. Position detection structure is associated with the applicator for determining a position of the applicator relative to the engaged biological tissue. A laser source generates a laser beam. A cooling system provides a cooling agent to the biological tissue during treatment. A processor circuit is connected with the position detection structure, the laser source and the cooling system. Based on data received from the position detection structure, the processor circuit triggers application of the cooling agent to the treated biological tissue, or triggers application of the cooling agent to the treated biological tissue, followed by a time delay, and then triggers the laser source.

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10-03-2021 дата публикации

Improved low power therapy laser device

Номер: EP3787742A1
Автор: Tamás Rózsa
Принадлежит: Individual

Improved low power therapy laser device (10) comprising a housing (11), a laser light source arranged in the housing (10), a beam expander (18) arranged in the beam path of the laser and diverting lenses (19) in front of the beam expander, and the hollow cavity (20) of the head portion (13) is closed at the front by a transparent closing element (15), wherein in the cavity (20) of the head portion (13) in an even circular distribution at least three lasers (12a, 12b, 12c and in given cases 12d) are arranged, and in front of them respective beam expanders (18a, 18b, 18c and 18d) are arranged, the beam expanders (18a, 18b, 18c and 18d) contact and support each other along respective large surfaces, and the diverting lenses (19) are arranged in an even distribution in front of the beam expanders (18a, 18b, 18c, 18d).

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11-08-2023 дата публикации

一种治疗区域可任意变形的二氧化碳点阵激光治疗仪

Номер: CN108338835B
Автор: 刘喜, 刘屹然, 范存璐
Принадлежит: Chiye Industry Shanghai Co ltd

本发明提供了一种治疗区域可任意变形的二氧化碳点阵激光治疗仪,属于医疗设备技术领域。点阵激光治疗仪包括一输出定位筒,输出定位筒上具有卡接接头和定位环,位于卡接接头与定位环之间的输出定位筒上沿输出定位筒的横截面周向均匀设置有若干推杆,输出定位筒上具有与各推杆一一对应的导向孔,推杆滑动连接在对应的导向孔内,推杆的外端连接一个能够推动推杆在导向孔内滑动的驱动机构,输出定位筒内具有一波纹状的遮闭环,遮闭环为软质的吸热材料制成,遮闭环的外侧边缘与输出定位筒固定相连,遮闭环的内侧边缘与各推杆的内端相连,遮闭环与输出定位筒同轴。本发明具有能够发射出不同形状的点阵图案等优点。

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12-01-2023 дата публикации

빔 사이즈 조절과 식별이 용이하도록 구성되는 의료용 레이저 조사장치

Номер: KR20230007000A
Автор: 오봉양, 이진홍, 홍순건
Принадлежит: 홍순건

본 발명에 따른 빔 사이즈 조절과 식별이 용이하도록 구성되는 의료용 레이저 조사장치는 외장을 형성하는 하우징과 상기 하우징의 저면에 설치되는 바퀴를 포함하며, 레이저빔을 발생시키는 본체부와, 상기 본체부의 상부에 결합되어 상기 본체부로부터의 레이저빔을 안내하기 위한 다관절가이드부와, 상기 다관절가이드부에 결합되어 상기 다관절가이드부 내부로 가이드빔을 발생시키기 위한 가이드빔발생부와, 상기 다관절가이드부의 단부에 결합되어 상기 레이저빔과 가이드빔을 조절하기 위한 빔조절부를 포함한다. 본 발명에 의해, 레이저 조사장치의 작동 자유도가 높게 구성되어 조작이 용이해지며, 조사되는 레이저빔의 크기를 시각적으로 명확히 확인할 수 있다. 또한, 전력 공급을 위한 케이블들이 컴팩트하게 거치될 수 있고, 조사되는 레이저빔의 강도와 크기를 용이하게 조절할 수 있다.

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17-04-2024 дата публикации

Laser system with controlled firing of cooling agent and laser based on applicator position

Номер: EP4353308A2
Автор: Kevin Schomacker
Принадлежит: Candela Corp

The disclosure relates to a laser system includes a base unit having a power source. A hand-held applicator is connected with the base unit configured to engage biological tissue for treatment. Position detection structure is associated with the applicator for determining a position of the applicator relative to the engaged biological tissue. A laser source generates a laser beam. A cooling system provides a cooling agent to the biological tissue during treatment. A processor circuit is connected with the position detection structure, the laser source and the cooling system. Based on data received from the position detection structure, the processor circuit triggers application of the cooling agent to the treated biological tissue, or triggers application of the cooling agent to the treated biological tissue, followed by a time delay, and then triggers the laser source.

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13-11-2023 дата публикации

色素治療システムおよびその使用方法

Номер: JP7378490B2
Принадлежит: Candela Corp

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27-04-2015 дата публикации

의료용 프락셔널 레이저 장치

Номер: KR20150044772A
Автор: 김정현, 김종원
Принадлежит: 원텍 주식회사

본 발명은 의료용 레이저 장치에서 레이저를 프락셔널하게 구동하는 것에 관한 것이다. 프락셔널하게 레이저를 구동하기 위해서 프락셔널 레이저 발생 장치에 있어서, 레이저 발생 장치 및 갈바노미러를 포함하는 시스템 본체; 레이저를 병변에 전달하기 위해 반사미러를 포함하는 굴절암; 굴절암에서 전달된 레이저를 사용자가 병변에 주사할 수 있도록 하는 핸드피스; 핸드피스에서 다수의 스팟을 만들기 위한 마이크로 어레이 렌즈;를 구비한다. 상기와 같이 갈바노미러를 시스템 본체에 장착하고 프락셔널 레이저빔을 만들어서 사용자가 편리하게 사용할 수 있게 콤팩트한 구조의 핸드피스를 제작할 수 있다. 또한 마이크로 어레이 렌즈를 사용하여 갈바노미러만으로 프락셔널 레이저빔을 만드는 것보다 더욱 미세하게 프락셔널 레이저빔을 만들 수 있어 다양한 병변에 효율적으로 적용할 수 있다.

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01-05-2024 дата публикации

Tip for multiple beam tissue therapy

Номер: IL276884B2
Автор: Tankovich Nikolai
Принадлежит: Tankovich Nikolai

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02-05-2024 дата публикации

Beam shaping apparatus for laser beams

Номер: WO2024092221A1
Принадлежит: Avava, Inc.

Monolithic optical elements, optical elements, and methods associated therewith are provided. The monolithic optical element includes a body a body extending between a first side and a second side. The body is configured to receive a diverging non-uniform fluence beam at the first side from a laser source, collimate and shape the received diverging non-uniform fluence beam between the first side and the second side, and emit a shaped and collimated beam from the second side. The emitted shaped and collimated beam has an at least partially annular transverse energy profile.

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25-10-2018 дата публикации

피부 처리 장치 및 방법

Номер: KR20180116736A
Принадлежит: 캔델라 코포레이션

부분적 피부 치료를 위한 장치 및 방법이 제공된다. 이 장치는 2개의 회절형 광학 소자를 사용한다. 회절형 광학 소자들 중 하나는 2개의 동축 레이저 빔을 제공하고 또 하나의 회절형 광학 소자는 이 2개의 동축 레이저 빔을 복수의 빔릿으로 분할한다. 복수의 레이저 빔을 수광하고 그것들을 피부 치료 평면에 집속하도록 렌즈가 배열된다. 이 렌즈는 빔릿들의 각각이 고강도 중앙 영역과 이 중앙 영역을 둘러싸는 보다 낮은 강도 영역을 갖는 스폿으로서 이미징되는 이미지를 형성한다.

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11-01-2024 дата публикации

Application of electromagnetic radiation to the human iris

Номер: US20240009030A1
Автор: Gregg Homer
Принадлежит: Stroma Medical Corp

Rather than rely solely upon pupillary occlusion or tracking of eye movement to protect the fundus from accidental exposure to electromagnetic radiation, the present invention also utilizes an electromagnetic radiation pathway with a profile such that the energy density at the iris is greater than the energy density at the posterior portion of the eye. This disparity in energy density allows for efficacy at the anterior iris treatment site, without injury to the fundus.

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08-07-2022 дата публикации

一种皮肤外科激光护理装置及系统

Номер: CN114711959A
Автор: 史四季
Принадлежит: Individual

本发明公开一种皮肤外科激光护理装置及系统,涉及皮肤护理技术领域。本发明一种皮肤外科激光护理装置,其包括:激光发生机构,用于生成激光点列阵;肢体固定机构,用于固定患者肢体,保持皮肤表面位置和形状的相对稳定;以及,表皮图像采集机构,用于采集皮肤表面的图像;其中,根据皮肤表面的图像获取皮肤中游离神经末梢的位置分布;划定待护理皮肤区域,根据皮肤中游离神经末梢的位置分布,控制激光发生机构在皮肤中形成激光点列阵,并保持激光点列阵避开游离神经末梢。本发明控制激光发生装置生成的激光点列阵,解决了大量使用止痛药对患者身体产生不良影响的问题。

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16-12-2010 дата публикации

생체 조직을 처리하기 위한 방법 및 레이저처리 디바이스

Номер: KR20100132018A
Автор: 안톤 카센바커

본 발명은 펄스화 프로세싱 레이저 빔(50)의 제공 및 펄스화 프로세싱 레이저 빔(50)을 이용하는 방사선에 의한 조직의 처리를 포함하는 방법에 관한 것이며, 상기 펄스화 프로세싱 레이저 빔(50)은 700 nm 내지 1400 nm 범위의 레이저 펄스들의 파장, 5 ps 내지 100 ps 범위의 레이저 펄스들의 반폭 값, 및 1.5 J/cm 2 내지 7.5 J/cm 2 범위의 조직 표면 상의 레이저 펄스의 에너지 밀도를 갖는다.

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19-06-2024 дата публикации

Hemostasis methods and apparatuses

Номер: EP4178414A4
Принадлежит: Procept Biorobotics Corp

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16-11-2023 дата публикации

Intratumoral and systemic immunization using fractional damage-creating device with checkpoint molecules for cancer therapy

Номер: US20230364229A1
Принадлежит: General Hospital Corp

Provided herein are methods for inducing an anti-tumor immune response and/or treating cancer comprising treating tumor tissue of the subject with energy to induce fractional tissue damage in combination with one or more checkpoint molecule modulating agents.

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06-12-2007 дата публикации

System and apparatus for delivering a laser beam to the lens of an eye

Номер: WO2007084694A3

A system and apparatus for increasing the amplitude of accommodation and/or changing the refractive power and/or enabling the removal of the clear or cataractous lens material of a natural crystalline lens is provided. Generally, the system comprises a laser, optics for delivering the laser beam and a control system for delivering the laser beam to the lens in a particular pattern. There is further provided a range determining system for determining the shape and position of the lens with respect to the laser. There is yet further provided a method and system for delivering a laser beam in the lens of the eye in a predetermined shot pattern.

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05-11-2020 дата публикации

Pigment treatment system and methods of use thereof

Номер: US20200345417A1
Принадлежит: Candela Corp

A pigment treatment system includes a handheld apparatus to receive a sub-nanosecond laser beam with a wavelength of about 480 nm to about 550 nm and output a sub-nanosecond laser beam with a wavelength of about 700 nm to about 740 nm. The handheld apparatus includes a monolithic crystal with a first surface coating and a second surface coating to facilitate the change in wavelength of the laser beam through the crystal.

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29-10-2018 дата публикации

의료용 핸드 피스 및 의료용 레이저 장치

Номер: KR20180117337A
Автор: 이희철
Принадлежит: 주식회사 루트로닉

본 발명의 실시예에 따른 의료용 레이저 장치는, 레이저를 발진시키는 레이저 발진부, 상기 레이저 발진부로부터 발진된 레이저의 빔폭을 조절하는 빔폭 조절부 및 상기 빔폭 조절부에 의해 빔폭이 확장된 레이저를 집광시키는 집광부를 포함한다.

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25-10-2018 дата публикации

의료용 핸드 피스 및 의료용 레이저 장치

Номер: WO2018194308A1
Автор: 이희철
Принадлежит: 주식회사 루트로닉

본 발명의 실시예에 따른 의료용 레이저 장치는, 레이저를 발진시키는 레이저 발진부, 상기 레이저 발진부로부터 발진된 레이저의 빔폭을 조절하는 빔폭 조절부 및 상기 빔폭 조절부에 의해 빔폭이 확장된 레이저를 집광시키는 집광부를 포함한다.

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09-07-2024 дата публикации

外科適用例に調整されたレーザパルス

Номер: JP2024094329A
Принадлежит: Boston Scientific Scimed Inc

【課題】レーザ用媒質を有するレーザシステム及びそのコントローラのための方法を提供する。【解決手段】レーザシステムは、電源を介して複数の電気パルスを発生させるように構成されたコントローラを含む。複数の電気パルスは、電気プレパルスと、複数の励起用電気パルスを含む。電気プレパルスは、光ポンプによって光エネルギの第1の部分を発生させるように構成され、光エネルギの第1の部分は、レーザ用媒質のレーザ発光閾値よりも低いエネルギレベルまでレーザ用媒質を励起させるように構成される。複数の励起用電気パルスは、光ポンプによって光エネルギの第2の部分を発生させるように構成され、光エネルギの第2の部分は、レーザ用媒質のレーザ発光閾値よりも高くなるようにレーザ用媒質を励起させるように構成され、複数のレーザパルスを出力する。【選択図】図4A

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14-04-2022 дата публикации

Intratumoral and systemic immunization using fractional damage-creating device with checkpoint molecules for cancer therapy

Номер: WO2022076544A1
Принадлежит: The General Hospital Corporation

Provided herein are methods for inducing an anti-tumor immune response and/or treating cancer comprising treating tumor tissue of the subject with energy to induce fractional tissue damage in combination with one or more checkpoint molecule modulating agents.

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