УСТРОЙСТВА И СПОСОБЫ ДЛЯ ТЕСТИРОВАНИЯ ЗРИТЕЛЬНОЙ ФУНКЦИИ И ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОГО ЗРЕНИЯ ПРИ ВАРЬИРУЮЩИХСЯ УРОВНЯХ ЯРКОСТИ

Rahmen für Sehzeichengeräte mit Lichtquellen (Aktiver Rahmen)

Rahmen für Sehzeichengeräte dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er Lichtquellen besitzt für die Refraktion und/oder Demonstration von Sehleistung in Dämmerung und unter Blendung.

Vorrichtung zur Dunkelanpassung fuer Roentgendurchleuchtungen

Sehtestgerät

Test disc used to examine visual acuity under differing lighting conditions

A test disc is used in a unit for the testing of visual acuity under differing lighting conditions. There is a casing, a test object carrier, on which test patterns are arranged for recognition, and holes allowing bright, directed aperture light to pass through. The two parts of the casing rotate against each other, relative to the central axis. A first neutral density filter is fitted to the upper part, covering an angular region of up to 180 deg . This part of the casing is so constructed, that when the first filter is in front of the visible test pattern, no bright light passes through the holes.

Improvements in Apparatus for Enabling the Observer to Ascertain and Measure certain Defects in Vision and to View, Delineate and Measure Entoptic Phenomena.

... 24,162. Barrett, W. F. April 29, 1908. Sight-testing apparatus. - The apparatus described in Specification No. 21,742, A.D. 1905, is supplemented by the following accessory fittings. (1) A pair of tubes, Fig. 6, each with a transparent bottom, the larger one of which is partly filled with some coloured liquid, into which the smaller tube is more or less depressed to adjust the thickness of the coloured stratum through which vision occurs when testing the light and colour sense ; the inner tube may carry a lens and test diagram. (2) A device, Fig. 7, for simultaneously presenting and superposing differently coloured screens, one placed at X and the other at X<1>, the former being seen directly and the latter by reflection in a transparent plate N. (3) A device, Fig. 8, for securing in testing operations the at-rest condition of the eye, consisting of a viewing-lens P over which a reflector N is mounted to present simultaneously to the eye with the test diagram some distant object and thus ...

PERIMETER

PROCEDURE AND SYSTEM FOR THE PROOF OF AUGENDYSFUNKTIONEN

Detection of pathologies in ocular images

Abstract 5 A computer-implemented method of searching for a region (410) indicative of a pathology in an image (400) of a portion of an eye acquired by an ocular imaging system (420), the method comprising: receiving (S10) image data defining the image; searching (S12) for the region in the image by processing the received image data using a learning algorithm; and in case a region in the image that is indicative of the pathology is found: 10 determining (S14) a location of the region in the image; generating (S16) an instruction for an eye measurement apparatus to measure a functional response of the eye to light stimulation to generate measurement data, using a reference point based on the determined location for setting a location of the measurement on the portion of the eye; and receiving (S18) the measurement data from the eye measurement apparatus. Fig. 3 ...

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR EXAMINING THE VISUAL FUNCIONS OF THE EYE

The visual function is determined with the help of test images, comprising inducing photostress induced by illuminating the eye with an intense light, then measuring the time needed for the recovery of the visual function before the illumination. The test images are periodically moving test images, and the visual function is determined on the basis of detecting the phenomenon of optokinetic nystagmus. According to another process the visual function is determined by measuring critical fusion frequency (CFF) before and after the photostress.

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR ASSESSING VISUAL SUPPRESSION

A device is used to determine the presence of and the amount (depth) of visual suppression in a subject. The device includes a first light source emitting a first light and a second light source emitting a second light. Intensities of the light sources are independently controllable. A first filter disposed over one eye of the subject allows transmission of the first light and prevents transmission of the second light. A second filter disposed over the other eye of the subject allows transmission of the second light and prevents transmission of the first light. In a method of using the device, the intensity of at least one of the first and second lights is independently controlled, wherein the difference in intensities of the first and second lights at which the lights appear to be at equal brightness to the subject determines the amount of visual suppression in the subject.

DETECTION OF PATHOLOGIES IN OCULAR IMAGES

A computer-implemented method of searching for a region (410) indicative of a pathology in an image (400) of a portion of an eye acquired by an ocular imaging system (420), the method comprising: receiving (S10) image data defining the image; searching (S12) for the region in the image by processing the received image data using a learning algorithm; and in case a region in the image that is indicative of the pathology is found: determining (S14) a location of the region in the image; generating (S16) an instruction for an eye measurement apparatus to perform a measurement on the portion of the eye to generate measurement data, using a reference point based on the determined location for setting a location of the measurement on the portion of the eye; and receiving (S18) the measurement data from the eye measurement apparatus.

DEVICE FOR DETERMINING A GROUP OF VISION AIDS SUITABLE FOR A PERSON

L'invention concerne un dispositif (10) pour déterminer un groupe d'au moins un équipement d'aide à la vision adapté à la vision d'un individu, comportant des moyens informatiques programmés pour : a) déterminer au moins une caractéristique de la vision dudit individu, b) déterminer au moins une utilisation du groupe d'au moins un équipement d'aide à la vision souhaitée par l'individu, c) déterminer ledit groupe d'au moins un équipement d'aide à la vision en fonction de la caractéristique de la vision et de l'utilisation souhaitée par l'individu.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE DETECTION OF IMPAIRED DARK ADAPTATION

The present method describes a new method for the measurement of dark adaptation. The dark adaptation status of subjects may then be used to identify those subjects who are at risk of developing and/or who are currently suffering from a variety of disease states having their clinical manifestations in impaired dark adaptation. The disease states include, but are not limited to, age related macular degeneration, vitamin A deficiency, Sorsby's Fundus Dystrophy, late autosomal dominant retinal degeneration, retinal impairment related to diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. An apparatus for administering the test method described is also provided.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE DETECTION OF IMPAIRED DARK ADAPTATION

The present method describes a new method for the measurement of dark adaptation. The dark adaptation status of subjects may then be used to identify those subjects who are at risk of developing and/or who are currently suffering from a variety of disease states having their clinical manifestations in impaired dark adaptation. The disease states include, but are not limited to, age related macular degeneration, vitamin A deficiency, Sorsby's Fundus Dystrophy, late autosomal dominant retinal degeneration, retinal impairment related to diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. An apparatus for administering the test method described is also provided.

Gerät zur objektiven Bestimmung der Dunkeladaptation.

Registrier-Adaptometer.

Instrument allowing to determine the adaptation of the ocular vision objectively the darkness

Method and apparatus for measuring contrast sensitivity

A method is provided for testing the ability of a subject to visually perceive contrast between adjacent fields of different luminance. The subject is presented with a series of visual test patterns, each one of which includes at least two fields of differing luminance resulting in a contrast edge at the interface between the fields. The subject's ability to perceive the edge between the fields is monitored. A series of different test patterns are presented electronically to the subject on a computer-controlled screen which includes one field of constant or fixed luminance and one field of variable luminance. The luminance level of the variable field may be predetermined and varied by the computer in one protocol or controlled by the subject using a subject operated control device as an alternative protocol. In the first protocol, the computer will present on the screen a series of test patterns of different edge width and different contrast and the subject is asked to indicate whether ...

Flicker photometer

In a flicker photometer to measure the level of macular pigment in the eye of a subject, a light source 1 produces two beams of light of different wavelengths that are alternately directed to the eyepiece 2 via a rotating chopper 18. The intensity of one of the beams is adjusted by the subject until no or minimal flicker is observed by the subject. The intensity adjustment means comprises a wedge-shaped attenuation filter 20 that is positioned in the path of one of the beams by an electric motor 22. In a further embodiment the light source, filter and chopper are located on a table 60 so that is moveable by means of motor 80 or handle 68 so that the photometer can be used with both short and long sighted subjects. The chopper 18 alternately allows transmission 2 of attenuated light via window 6 to the eyepiece or reflects light via its bevelled edge (186,188,figure 18) to the eyepiece. Use of the bevelled edge of the chopper leads to a compact layout.

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE CONTROLLING OF THE DEGREE OF THE BRIGHTNESS FEELING OF MEANS OF A TIME-VARYING SCREEN

EQUIPMENT FOR THE EXAMINATION OF THE DARK ADAPTATION.

Methods and systems for diagnosing and treating health ailments

Configurations are disclosed for a health system to be used in various healthcare applications, e.g., for patient diagnostics, monitoring, and/or therapy. The health system may comprise a light generation module to transmit light or an image to a user, one or more sensors to detect a physiological parameter of the user's body, including their eyes, and processing circuitry to analyze an input received in response to the presented images to determine one or more health conditions or defects.

Photobleaching device and method and dark adapted perimetry device and dark adapted perimetry method

A dark adapted perimetry device comprising a photobleaching device, a concave, array guide, the guide comprising a stimulus target array comprising a plurality of stimulus target light sources positioned within the guide and a control unit to selectively illuminate light sources comprised in the plurality of stimulus target light sources at a predetermined luminance is disclosed. The stimulus target light sources may be illuminated by a LED complex source comprising two or more LEDs. Also disclosed is a method using the perimetry device. A bleaching device comprising an eye piece for positioning the eye, a locator for moving the bleaching device into and out of the optical path, an imaging system for tracking the gaze direction or a fixation target, an illumination source and a bleach control device to control the brightness and pulse form of the illumination source is also disclosed along with a method of photobleaching.

Apparatus and methods for testing visual function and functional vision at varying luminance levels

A test of visual function and/or functional vision may be performed at varying luminance levels. A first course may be selected for a subject. A given course may comprise a layout having a beginning point, at least one turn, at least one obstacle, and an ending point. The first course may be illuminated with a first luminance level based on an estimated lower light sensitivity cutoff. The subject may be prompted to perform a first run of the test. The test may comprise, from the beginning point to the ending point, navigating the layout of the first course by walking around the at least one turn and avoiding the at least one obstacle. A determination may be made as to whether the subject successfully completed the first course based on one or both of speed or accuracy.

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR DIAGNOSING EYE CONDITIONS, INCLUDING MACULAR DEGENERATION

A wearable augmented reality display device comprising a light source configured to output light for propagation into an eye of a wearer of the wearable augmented reality display device to form an image in the eye and a stack of waveguides configured to pass light from the world into the eye of the wearer, wherein each of the waveguides is configured to in-couple light from the light source and present augmented reality content to the wearer, the augmented reality content comprising a user interface configured to receive input from the wearer, wherein each waveguide of the one or more waveguides is configured to guide the in-coupled light therein by total internal reflection between opposing surfaces of the waveguide, and wherein one or more waveguides of the stack of waveguides are configured to output the light to the eye with a different amount of wavefront divergence than one or more other waveguides of the stack of waveguides, wherein the wearable augmented reality device is configured ...

Method of selecting type of eyewear and electronic device

For determining eye refraction method and device

Optometer

METHOD, SYSTEM AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING OCULAR DYSFUNCTIONS

A method, system and device for detecting an ocular dysfunction with optic neuropathy, such as the glaucoma group of diseases. More particularly, one eye is exposed to a series of flashes, and the resulting pupillary reflexes of both eyes are measured. The pupillary reflexes can then be evaluated to determine if the ocular dysfunction is present. A device that includes at least one light source can be incorporated into a system for recording and evaluating the pupillary reflexes.

Improved Photobleaching Method

The present disclosure provides an improved method for photobleaching an eye of a subject. The disclosed method may be used in a number of psychophysical test methods, including, but not limited to, measurement of dark adaptation. The improved method for photo-bleaching involves at least one of the following improvements: (i) the use of a bleaching light emitting a particular wavelength of light or a tailored spectrum of wavelengths; (ii) restricting or otherwise spatially tailoring the region of the retina that is subject to photobleaching; and (iii) utilizing a bleaching light having an intensity that is at or below the intensity of ambient daylight. The present disclosure additionally provides a combination of a photobleaching light and an apparatus to administer a psychophysical test suitable for use in practicing the disclosed methods.

LIGHT SEAL COVER FOR USE WITH A HEAD-WEARABLE TESTING AND MEASUREMENT DEVICE AND RELATED METHODS

Methods, apparatus, and systems for performing an ophthalmic diagnostic test are disclosed. In one aspect, a head-wearable device for administering an ophthalmic test to a subject can comprise a head-wearable frame for mounting the device onto the subject's head, and a light seal configured for coupling to the frame so as to isolate at least one eye of the subject from ambient light when the device is worn by the subject.

Testing and determining a threshold value

This invention relates to testing and determining a threshold value used in psychometric testing in field of ophthalmology, neuro-ophthalmology and visual neuropsychology. The method comprises at least the following steps: a) displaying a symbol with a distinctive visual appearance and with a stimulus level to a display at a stimulus time-point, the symbol selected from a group of possible symbols, b) monitoring if a response is given on a response device with multiple choices, each choice representing a possible visual appearance or location of the symbol, and b1) if a response is not given in a response time-limit from the stimulus time-point, increasing the stimulus level of the symbol by a predetermined step and returning to step a), or b2) if a response is given in the response time-limit from the stimulus time-point, comparing the response to symbol displayed in step a), and c1) if the response does not correspond to the symbol displayed in step a), producing, e.g. displaying, an ...

AUGMENTED AND VIRTUAL REALITY DISPLAY SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING HEALTH CONDITIONS BASED ON VISUAL FIELDS

Configurations are disclosed for a health system to be used in various healthcare applications, e.g., for patient diagnostics, monitoring, and/or therapy. The health system may comprise a light generation module to transmit light or an image to a user, one or more sensors to detect a physiological parameter of the user's body, including their eyes, and processing circuitry to analyze an input received in response to the presented images to determine one or more health conditions or defects.

Method and apparatus for determining the contrast threshold perceptable by the human eye

A method is provided for testing the ability of a subject to visually perceive contrast between adjacent fields of different luminance. The subject is presented with a series of visual test patterns, each one of which includes at least two fields of differing luminance resulting in a contrast edge at the interface between the fields. The subject's ability to perceive the edge between the fields is monitored. A series of different test patterns are presented electronically to the subject on a computer-controlled screen which includes one field of constant or fixed luminance and one field of variable luminance. The luminance level of the variable field may be predetermined and varied by the computer in one protocol or controlled by the subject using a subject operated control device as an alternative protocol. In the first protocol, the computer will present on the screen a series of test patterns of different edge width and different contrast and the subject is asked to indicate whether ...

УСТРОЙСТВА И СПОСОБЫ ДЛЯ ТЕСТИРОВАНИЯ ЗРИТЕЛЬНОЙ ФУНКЦИИ И ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОГО ЗРЕНИЯ ПРИ ВАРЬИРУЮЩИХСЯ УРОВНЯХ ЯРКОСТИ

FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to medicine, specifically to devices and methods for testing visual function and functional vision with varying brightness levels. Disclosed is a device for realizing a method for performing a functional vision test based on the visual functions of the subject with varying brightness levels, wherein the device comprises a plurality of routes configured to facilitate test execution, wherein said one of the plurality of routes comprises marking having a start point, at least one turn, at least one obstacle and an end point, wherein the marking includes a tile grid, wherein at least one of the tiles is empty, at least one of the tiles includes a directed arrow, and at least one of the tiles includes at least one obstacle. At that, test execution comprises selection of the first route; establishing cut off of initial estimated lower light sensitivity; illumination of the first route with a first level of brightness based on the cutoff of the estimated lower light sensitivity, wherein the cutoff of the estimated lower light sensitivity is the lowest light sensitivity, at which the person being tested can successfully travel along a predetermined route from a plurality of routes, when a cut of the estimated lower light sensitivity is measured; instructing the researcher to perform a first pass of the test, wherein the test comprises, from an initial point to an end point, movement along the marking of the first route by passing at least one turn and avoiding at least one obstacle; and determining whether the analyzed successful first route, based on one or more of speed and accuracy, wherein rate describes time of first route passage, accuracy describes avoidance of obstacles. EFFECT: group of inventions provides higher efficiency of visual function test and functional vision at varying brightness levels. 61 cl, 33 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 695 565 C2 (51) МПК A61B 3/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ...

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Prüfen des Nachtsehens

Ein Verfahren dient zum Prüfen der Nachtsehschärfe. Dabei wird einem Probanden (16) mit geöffneter Pupille, vorzugsweise in einem abgedunkelten Raum (12), mindestens ein Sehzeichen aus einer Entfernung (a) von mehreren Metern angeboten. Das Sehzeichen ist als Lichtpunkt ausgebildet. Die zugehörige Vorrichtung weist eine in dem Raum (12) befindliche Untersuchungsposition (14) für den Probanden (16) und eine Präsentationsvorrichtung (30) für Sehzeichen auf, die in dem Raum (12) in einem Abstand (a) von mehreren Metern von der Untersuchungsposition (14) angeordnet ist. Die Präsentationsvorrichtung (30) enthält mindestens eine punktförmige Lichtquelle, deren Lichtstrahl (42) auf die Untersuchungsposition (14) gerichtet ist (Figur 1).

Method and apparatus for performing a visual field test

Visual faculty testing apparatus

Visual faculty testing apparatus is proposed to facilitate contrast sensitivity assessment. Existing procedures are limited and involve the presentation to a subject of a target of which the overall contrast is varied to determine the minimum level at which it is detectable. The present apparatus differs by presenting a target array of light and dark areas alternating in one direction, and with the luminance of at least one set of areas varying towards that of the other set in another direction, the apparatus including control means affording adjustment of the rate of this luminance variation whereby points of minimum contrast detection can be moved across the target. The amount of adjustment for each movement to prescribed subjectively judged positions or target patterns then gives a comparative basis for contrast sensitivity. The present apparatus in a preferred form presents a single target with progressively varying spacial frequency in the one direction, and by the provision of a plurality ...

METHOD, SYSTEM AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING OCULAR DYSFUNCTIONS

APPARATUS FOR TESTING DARK ADAPTATION

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE DETECTION OF IMPAIRED DARK ADAPTATION

The present method describes a new method for the measurement of dark adaptation. The dark adaptation status of subjects may then be used to identify those subjects who are at risk of developing and/or who are currently suffering from a variety of disease states having their clinical manifestations in impaired dark adaptation. The disease states include, but are not limited to, age related macular degeneration, vitamin A deficiency, Sorsby's Fundus Dystrophy, late autosomal dominant retinal degeneration, retinal impairment related to diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. An apparatus for administering the test method described is also provided.

PERIMETRIC INSTRUMENT TO DETERMINATE THE VISUAL FIELD LIMITS

Automated perimeter

DEVICE FOR DETERMINING A GROUP OF VISION AIDS SUITABLE FOR A PERSON

Apparatus and method for measuring macular pigment

An apparatus 1 and method for measuring macular pigment, comprising a light source 2 for illuminating an observer’s macula 7 having a test optical output comprising a first component of a relatively shorter wavelength of <550nm and a second wavelength component having a relatively longer wavelength. The relative intensities of the first and second components are variable in intensity from 0% to 100% of the test optical output. A controller is configured to adjust the relative intensities of the components until the observer notices that Maxwell’s spot appears or disappears and the relative intensities at which this occurs is recorded. A method of measuring macular pigment by measuring the relative intensities of the components at which Haidinger’s brush appears or disappears in polarised light. A method of measuring macular pigment by measuring the relative intensities of the components at which Maxwell’s spot becomes visible or invisible in variably polarised light.

PERIMETER

PERIMETER

Augmented reality pulse oximetry

One embodiment is directed to a system comprising a head-mounted member removably coupleable to the user's head; one or more electromagnetic radiation emitters coupled to the head-mounted member and configured to emit light with at least two different wavelengths toward at least one of the eyes of the user; one or more electromagnetic radiation detectors coupled to the head-mounted member and configured to receive light reflected after encountering at least one blood vessel of the eye; and a controller operatively coupled to the one or more electromagnetic radiation emitters and detectors and configured to cause the one or more electromagnetic radiation emitters to emit pulses of light while also causing the one or more electromagnetic radiation detectors to detect levels of light absorption related to the emitted pulses of light, and to produce an output that is proportional to an oxygen saturation level in the blood vessel.

Ophthalmological method and instrument for producing dichoptic stimuli

METHODS, APPARATUS, AND SYSTEMS FOR OPHTHALMIC TESTING AND MEASUREMENT

Methods, apparatus, and systems for performing an ophthalmic diagnostic test are disclosed. In one aspect, a head-wearable device for administering an ophthalmic test to a subject can comprise a head-wearable frame for mounting the device onto the subject's head, and a light seal configured for coupling to the frame so as to isolate at least one eye of the subject from ambient light when the device is worn by the subject.

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DETECTING, CHARACTERIZING AND MONITORING OPTIC NERVE DISEASE

APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR TESTING VISUAL FUNCTION AND FUNCTIONAL VISION AT VARYING LUMINANCE LEVELS

A test of visual function and/or functional vision may be performed at varying luminance levels. A first course may be selected for a subject. A given course may comprise a layout having a beginning point, at least one turn, at least one obstacle, and an ending point. The first course may be illuminated with a first luminance level based on an estimated lower light sensitivity cutoff. The subject may be prompted to perform a first run of the test. The test may comprise, from the beginning point to the ending point, navigating the layout of the first course by walking around the at least one turn and avoiding the at least one obstacle. A determination may be made as to whether the subject successfully completed the first course based on one or both of speed or accuracy.

FLICKER PHOTOMETER

A flicker photometer has beam generating means (1, 8 and 4) for generating two beams of light of different colours. Light from the beams is viewed at the viewing means, and the intensity of light of one beam relative to that of the other beam can be adjusted by adjustment means comprising an attenuating filter (20) which is movably mounted in the path of one beam. Movement of the filter relative to the beam alters the degree to which the beam is attenuated, and is achieved using an electric motor (22). The motor provides a relatively easy means of adjusting the filter position, and can be used to provide coarse and fine adjustments in response to suitable signals from an optical encoder. The motor also enables the filter, along with the beam generating means, to be mounted on a movable table for use in enabling the photometer to accommodate both short and long-sighted subjects.

PERIMETRIC INSTRUMENT FOR DETERMINING THE LIMITS OF THE VISUAL FIELD

Method and Apparatus for the Detection of Impaired Dark Adaptation

The present method describes a new method for the measurement of dark adaptation. The dark adaptation status of subjects may then be used to identify those subjects who are at risk of developing and/or who are currently suffering from a variety of disease states having their clinical manifestations in impaired dark adaptation. The disease states include, but are not limited to, age related macular degeneration, vitamin A deficiency, Sorsby's Fundus Dystrophy, late autosomal dominant retinal degeneration, retinal impairment related to diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. An apparatus for administering the test method described is also provided. 1. An apparatus for psychophysical measurement of dark adaptation in a test eye of a subject , said apparatus comprising:a. a system for generating a target stimulus of a desired spectrum and intensity;b. a display for displaying said target stimulus to said test eye at a desired location, said display being in communication with said system;c. an input device to permit said subject to input a reaction of said subject to said target stimulus;d. a controller in communication with said system, said display and said input device, said controller capable of controlling said system, recording at least one of the following: the reaction of said subject to said target stimulus, a time of said reaction, an intensity of said target stimulus at the time of said reaction and a spectrum of said target stimulus at the time of said reaction, and determining at least one threshold measurement from said recording; ande. extracting a rod intercept from the at least one threshold measurement.2. The apparatus of further comprising fitting said at least one threshold measurement to a dark adaptation model and extracting the rod intercept from the dark adaptation model.3. The apparatus of where the controller compares one or more of said at least one threshold measurement or said rod intercept of said subject to corresponding values from a ...

APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR TESTING VISUAL FUNCTION AND FUNCTIONAL VISION AT VARYING LUMINANCE LEVELS

A test of visual function and/or functional vision may be performed at varying luminance levels. A first course may be selected for a subject. A given course may comprise a layout having a beginning point, at least one turn, at least one obstacle, and an ending point. The first course may be illuminated with a first luminance level based on an estimated lower light sensitivity cutoff. The subject may be prompted to perform a first run of the test. The test may comprise, from the beginning point to the ending point, navigating the layout of the first course by walking around the at least one turn and avoiding the at least one obstacle. A determination may be made as to whether the subject successfully completed the first course based on one or both of speed or accuracy. 1. A method for performing a test of visual function and/or functional vision at varying luminance levels , the method comprising:selecting a first course of a plurality of courses for a subject, a given one of the plurality of courses comprising a layout having a beginning point, at least one turn, at least one obstacle, and an ending point;illuminating the first course with a first luminance level based on an estimated lower light sensitivity cutoff, the estimated lower light sensitivity cutoff being the lowest light sensitivity at which the subject can successfully navigate a preliminary course of the plurality of courses when the estimated lower light sensitivity cutoff is measured;indicating to a subject to perform a first run of the test, the test comprising, from the beginning point to the ending point, navigating the layout of the first course by walking around the at least one turn and avoiding the at least one obstacle; anddetermining whether the subject successfully completed the first course based on one or both of speed or accuracy, speed describing the time to complete the first course, accuracy describing avoidance of obstacles.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject is required ...

Optical test pattern

A stelliform arrangement of sectors each having a uniform optical density and with different sectors having different optical densities.

Apparatus and method for assessing visual suppression

A device (10) is used to determine the presence of and the amount (depth) of visual suppression in a subject. The device includes a first light source (20L) emitting a first light and a second light source (20R) emitting a second light. Intensities of the light sources are independently controllable. A first filter (32L) disposed over one eye of the subject allows transmission of the first light and prevents transmission of the second light. A second filter (32R) disposed over the other eye of the subject allows transmission of the second light and prevents transmission of the first light. In a method of using the device, the intensity of at least one of the first and second lights is independently controlled, wherein the difference in intensities of the first and second lights at which the lights appear to be at equal brightness to the subject determines the amount of visual suppression in the subject.

MINIATURE CLINICAL AND FIELD DARK ADAPTOMETER

Measuring sensitivity to polarized light

A method and apparatus for measuring a property of an eye

Improved photobleaching method

The present disclosure provides an improved method for photobleaching an eye of a subject. The disclosed method may be used in a number of psychophysical test methods, including, but not limited to, measurement of dark adaptation. The improved method for photobleaching involves at least one of the following improvements: (i) the use of a bleaching light emitting a particular wavelength of light or a tailored spectrum of wavelengths; (ii) restricting or otherwise spatially tailoring the region of the retina that is subject to photobleaching; and (iii) utilizing a bleaching light having an intensity that is at or below the intensity of ambient daylight. The present disclosure additionally provides a combination of a photobleaching light and an apparatus to administer a psychophysical test suitable for use in practicing the disclosed methods.

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING HEALTH AILMENTS

Configurations are disclosed for a health system to be used in various healthcare applications, e.g., for patient diagnostics, monitoring, and/or therapy. The health system may comprise a light generation module to transmit light or an image to a user, one or more sensors to detect a physiological parameter of the user's body, including their eyes, and processing circuitry to analyze an input received in response to the presented images to determine one or more health conditions or defects.

GLARE SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTER

WEARABLE BINOCULAR OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICE FOR MEASURING LIGHT SENSITIVITY THRESHOLD OF A USER

The invention provides a binocular optoelectronic device (10) wearable by a user for measuring a light sensitivity threshold of the user, comprising: - a diffuser (12) configured to face eyes of the user, - at least one light source (14) for emitting light toward said diffuser (12), wherein the diffuser (12) comprises predetermined parameters allowing to provide a quasi-homogeneous light diffusion to at least one eye of the user from light emitted by said at least one light source (14).

APPARATUS FOR USE IN THE MEASUREMENT OF MACULAR PIGMENT OPTICAL DENSITY AND/OR LENS OPTICAL DENSITY OF AN EYE

This invention relates to apparatus for use in the measurement of the optical density of macular pigment in the human eye, and to apparatus for the use in measuring the lens optical density of a human eye. The invention is particularly applicable to flicker photometers, which are used to measure the macular pigment in the human eye.

APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR TESTING VISUAL FUNCTION AND FUNCTIONAL VISION AT VARYING LUMINANCE LEVELS

A test of visual function and/or functional vision may be performed at varying luminance levels. A first course may be selected for a subject. A given course may comprise a layout having a beginning point, at least one turn, at least one obstacle, and an ending point. The first course may be illuminated with a first luminance level based on an estimated lower light sensitivity cutoff. The subject may be prompted to perform a first run of the test. The test may comprise, from the beginning point to the ending point, navigating the layout of the first course by walking around the at least one turn and avoiding the at least one obstacle. A determination may be made as to whether the subject successfully completed the first course based on one or both of speed or accuracy.

IMPROVED PHOTOBLEACHING METHOD

The present disclosure provides an improved method for photobleaching an eye of a subject. The disclosed method may be used in a number of psychophysical test methods, including, but not limited to, measurement of dark adaptation. The improved method for photobleaching involves at least one of the following improvements: (i) the use of a bleaching light emitting a particular wavelength of light or a tailored spectrum of wavelengths; (ii) restricting or otherwise spatially tailoring the region of the retina that is subject to photobleaching; and (iii) utilizing a bleaching light having an intensity that is at or below the intensity of ambient daylight. The present disclosure additionally provides a combination of a photobleaching light and an apparatus to administer a psychophysical test suitable for use in practicing the disclosed methods.

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR ASSESSING VISUAL SUPPRESSION

A device is used to determine the presence of and the amount (depth) of v isual suppression in a subject. The device includes a first light source emi tting a first light and a second light source emitting a second light. Inten sities of the light sources are independently controllable. A first filter d isposed over one eye of the subject allows transmission of the first light a nd prevents transmission of the second light. A second filter disposed over the other eye of the subject allows transmission of the second light and pre vents transmission of the first light. In a method of using the device, the intensity of at least one of the first and second lights is independently co ntrolled, wherein the difference in intensities of the first and second ligh ts at which the lights appear to be at equal brightness to the subject deter mines the amount of visual suppression in the subject.

Apparatus for testing twilight vision and blinding sensitivity

An apparatus for testing twilight vision and blinding sensitivity includes a housing having openings in opposite sides thereof, a person to be tested being able to look through the housing along a line of sight extending through both openings. A filter is provided for one of the openings to limit external light entering such opening. A concave mirror is arranged in the housing with its optical axis normal to the line of sight, and a semi-transparent mirror is arranged at the intersection of and at 45 DEG angles with respect to the line of sight and the mirror optical axis. A screen arranged at the focal point of the mirror is simultaneously illuminated by two projectors, a test figure being arranged in the beam of one projector and the light intensities of the two projectors being inversely proportionally controlled. Two filters are provided which can each be inserted in the beam of a respective one of the projectors to further reduce the light intensity. A headlight simulating source is ...

Automated perimeter

The invention relates to a perimeter or a campimeter with a visible fixation point and a method used in them. The method comprises at least the following steps: producing a fixation point having a first visual appearance to be shown to a patient; producing a stimulus shown to the patient at a stimulus time-point at a pre-defined location; activating a response device by the patient upon noticing the stimulus at a response time-point; changing the fixation point to have a second visual appearance for a fixation point second visual appearance time interval near the stimulus time-point.

Method and apparatus for performing a visual field test

A method and apparatus are provided for measuring a sensitivity level across a visual field of a subject defined by a set of locations. The method comprises: presenting a sequence of visual stimuli on a display, wherein each stimulus in the sequence has a respective intensity level and is positioned on the display to correspond to a respective location from the set of locations; obtaining from the subject, for each stimulus, a respective binary response indicating whether or not the stimulus was seen by the subject; and after receiving the response from the subject for a given stimulus in the sequence, using a statistical model to estimate, for each location in the set of locations, the sensitivity level at that location; wherein the statistical model incorporates information about correlations in responses between different locations from the set of locations and takes as input, the respective binary response, intensity level and location for multiple stimuli presented in said sequence ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING PERCEIVED BRIGHTNESS USING A TIME VARYING SHUTTER

Einrichtung zur objektiven Bestimmung der Dunkeladaptation

A method and apparatus for measuring a property of an eye of a subject

Apparatus and method for retinal measurement

Method for determining a filter for an ophthalmic lens as a function of a quantity representing a dynamic sensitivity of the eye of a wearer to a variation in a luminous flux

The invention relates to a method for determining a filter for an ophthalmic lens intended for being placed in front of the eye of a wearer, said filter being capable of improving or maintaining the visual comfort and/or the visual performance of said wearer. According to the invention, this method includes: a) a step of determining a quantity representing a dynamic sensitivity of the eye or the two eyes of the wearer to a variation in a luminous flux; and b) a step of determining at least one optical feature of said filter as a function of the determined representative quantity.

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR DIAGNOSING EYE CONDITIONS, INCLUDING MACULAR DEGENERATION

A wearable augmented reality display device comprising a light source configured to output light for propagation into an eye of a wearer of the wearable augmented reality display device to form an image in the eye and a stack of waveguides configured to pass light from the world into the eye of the wearer, wherein each of the waveguides is configured to in-couple light from the light source and present augmented reality content to the wearer, the augmented reality content comprising a user interface configured to receive input from the wearer, wherein each waveguide of the one or more waveguides is configured to guide the in-coupled light therein by total internal reflection between opposing surfaces of the waveguide, and wherein one or more waveguides of the stack of waveguides are configured to output the light to the eye with a different amount of wavefront divergence than one or more other waveguides of the stack of waveguides, wherein the wearable augmented reality device is configured ...

Augmented reality pulse oximetry

Disclosed is a method of determining oxygen saturation of a user, comprising: a. removably coupling a head-mounted member to a head of the user; b. emitting, with one or more electromagnetic radiation emitters coupled to the head-mounted member, light with at least two different wavelengths in the visible to infrared spectrum in a direction of at least one eye of the user and having an associated field of irradiation that includes a retina and a sclera of the eye of the user; c. receiving, with one or more electromagnetic radiation detectors coupled to the head-mounted member, light reflected after encountering at least one blood vessel of the retina or the sclera of the eye of the user; and d. executing a controller, operatively coupled to the one or more electromagnetic radiation emitters and one or more electromagnetic radiation detectors, to cause the one or more electromagnetic radiation emitters to emit pulses of light while also causing the one or more electromagnetic radiation detectors ...

Detection of pathologies in ocular images

Abstract 5 A computer-implemented method of searching for a region (410) indicative of a pathology in an image (400) of a portion of an eye acquired by an ocular imaging system (420), the method comprising: receiving (S10) image data defining the image; searching (S12) for the region in the image by processing the received image data using a learning algorithm; and in case a region in the image that is indicative of the pathology is found: 10 determining (S14) a location of the region in the image; generating (S16) an instruction for an eye measurement apparatus to perform a measurement on the portion of the eye to generate measurement data, using a reference point based on the determined location for setting a location of the measurement on the portion of the eye; and receiving (S18) the measurement data from the eye measurement apparatus. Fig. 3 Start) Receive image data defining an image of a portion of an 10 Ieye Search for a region indicative of a pathology in the image by processing ...

Flicker photometer

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DETECTING, CHARACTERIZING AND MONITORING OPTIC NERVE DISEASE

A method and system are provided for detecting, characterizing and monitoring eye diseases and, particularly optic nerve diseases, by determining the difference in relative brightness sensed by the two eyes. The method utilizes eyeglasses having a pair of cross-polarizing lenses selectively adjustable for blocking or admitting light into each eye. The patient observes an illuminated test object while looking through the eyeglasses at maximum luminance. By adjusting the relative polarization of the lenses for the eye in which the test object appears the brightest, while occluding the other eye, the amount of brightness sensed by that eye can be compared to the other eye. If there is a disparity in brightness-sense between the eyes within certain pre-established ranges, the nature of the eye disease can be detected and specifically characterized, and its progression or resolution can be monitored.

DEVICE FOR DETERMINING A GROUP OF VISION AIDS SUITABLE FOR A PERSON

L'invention concerne un dispositif (10) pour déterminer un groupe d'au moins un équipement d'aide à la vision adapté à la vision d'un individu, comportant des moyens informatiques programmés pour : a) déterminer au moins une caractéristique de la vision dudit individu, b) déterminer au moins une utilisation du groupe d'au moins un équipement d'aide à la vision souhaitée par l'individu, c) déterminer ledit groupe d'au moins un équipement d'aide à la vision en fonction de la caractéristique de la vision et de l'utilisation souhaitée par l'individu.

FLICKER PHOTOMETER

A flicker photometer has beam generating means (1, 8 and 4) for generating two beams of light of different colours. Light from the beams is viewed at the viewing means, and the intensity of light of one beam relative to that of the other beam can be adjusted by adjustment means comprising an attenuating filter (20) which is movably mounted in the path of one beam. Movement of the filter relative to the beam alters the degree to which the beam is attenuated, and is achieved using an electric motor (22). The motor provides a relatively easy means of adjusting the filter position, and can be used to provide coarse and fine adjustments in response to suitable signals from an optical encoder. The motor also enables the filter, along with the beam generating means, to be mounted on a movable table for use in enabling the photometer to accommodate both short and long-sighted subjects.

Vision adaptability measuring device - comprises opaque mask with lens excluding extraneous light and mounting electroluminescent diode

METHOD FOR DETERMINING A FILTER FOR AN OPHTHALMIC LENS AS A FUNCTION OF A QUANTITY REPRESENTING A DYNAMIC SENSITIVITY OF THE EYE OF A WEARER TO A VARIATION IN A LUMINOUS FLUX

EYE EXAMINATION APPLIANCE

The invention relates to an eye examination appliance for characterising the visual function of the eye, said appliance comprising a device for determining the visual acuity in the half-light and/or sensitivity to dazzling, and a device for determining the diameter of the pupil and/or the aberrations of the eye.

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING A TARGET TISSUE

L'invention concerne un dispositif laser (400) comprenant un laser (420), un dispositif (440) de génération d'images et un dispositif (404) d'éclairage. Le dispositif ou le procédé selon l'invention peut être utilisé pour diagnostiquer des troubles de la vision par corrélation de données relatives à la sensibilité ou à l'acuité visuelle avec des images ou des données correspondant à des structures biologiques responsables d'une perte de fonctions visuelles. Un tel procédé permet à un médecin d'identifier aisément des altérations ou des affections dans une structure biologique causant une perte de fonctions visuelles. Des données de sensibilité optique et des données relatives aux structures biologiques peuvent être stockées dans diverses couches de données. Il est possible de comparer ces couches de données les unes aux autres de manière à identifier des correspondances de motifs entre les couches de données. La présentation combinée de deux parties de ces données peut être utilisée en ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR ASSESSING VISUAL SUPPRESSION

A device is used to determine the presence of and the amount (depth) of visual suppression in a subject. The device includes a first light source emitting a first light and a second light source emitting a second light. Intensities of the light sources are independently controllable. A first filter disposed over one eye of the subject allows transmission of the first light and prevents transmission of the second light. A second filter disposed over the other eye of the subject allows transmission of the second light and prevents transmission of the first light. In a method of using the device, the intensity of at least one of the first and second lights is independently controlled, wherein the difference in intensities of the first and second lights at which the lights appear to be at equal brightness to the subject determines the amount of visual suppression in the subject.

Method of and apparatus for testing visual integrity

A method of and apparatus for determining the visual integrity of an individual is disclosed. An equal amount of visible light intensity is provided to the right and left eyes by viewing a target through a binocular viewing mechanism. The eyes of the individual are adapted to the equal intensities of light for an adaptation period and the individual then adjusts the light intensity until the perceived light intensity in each eye is equal. The difference between the light intensities provided to the right and left eyes are measured, which provides an indication of the visual integrity of the individual.

DEVICE FOR DETERMINING A GROUP OF VISION AIDS SUITABLE FOR A PERSON

AUGMENTED AND VIRTUAL REALITY DISPLAY SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING HEALTH CONDITIONS BASED ON VISUAL FIELDS

Configurations are disclosed for a health system to be used in various healthcare applications, e.g., for patient diagnostics, monitoring, and/or therapy. The health system may comprise a light generation module to transmit light or an image to a user, one or more sensors to detect a physiological parameter of the user's body, including their eyes, and processing circuitry to analyze an input received in response to the presented images to determine one or more health conditions or defects.

ILLUMINATED CONTACT LENS AND SYSTEM FOR IMPROVED EYE DIAGNOSIS, DISEASE MANAGEMENT AND SURGERY

A new ocular contact lens has been designed to increase the amount of light reaching the retina. The contact lens edge is chamfered to redirect and increase the light reaching the retina. A light source encircles and contacts the straight or curved chamfered edge. Additionally, a reflective cylinder and its top wall encircle the lens to block any loss of light. This distal edge of the contact lends may be rounded to increase the angle of retina visible. A new ocular imaging camera has a low-light camera subassembly with server, a photosensor next to low-light camera, a short cylindrical housing, a space between the camera subassembly and the housing, an internal program in server to detect good or poor image quality and an alarm for poor image quality, wherein an operator recaptures the image.

APPARATUS FOR USE IN THE MEASUREMENT OF MACULAR PIGMENT OPTICAL DENSITY AND/OR LENS OPTICAL DENSITY OF AN EYE

This invention relates to apparatus for use in the measurement of the optical density of macular pigment in the human eye, and to apparatus for the use in measuring the lens optical density of a human eye. The invention is particularly applicable to flicker photometers, which are used to measure the macular pigment in the human eye.

GLARE SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTER

An apparatus for testing glare susceptibility of a subject. A planar member having an opaque target is surrounded by a contrasting surface which is surrounded by a translucent surface. Light is directed to one side of the planar member and the subject's ability to see the target against the contrasting surface against a glare of light through the translucent surface determines the glare susceptibility of the subject.

Method for suppressing luminance artifacts of transmissive type LCD used for vision test in e.g. ophthalmology, involves using difference between average luminance and reference luminance to adjust backlight of LCD

Le dispositif comprend un capteur de lumière (6) qui est orienté vers un afficheur d'image (3) et qui en mesure la luminance moyenne. Cette mesure est comparée par un module électronique de commande (8) à une référence et la différence est utilisée pour ajuster la source de lumière de l'afficheur (1). Le dispositif sert à obtenir des stimulations visuelles de contraste spatial pur en éliminant les fluctuations de luminance se produisant de façon transitoire lors des modifications du contenu de l'image. Le dispositif selon l'invention est particulièrement destiné aux tests de vision utilisés en ophtalmologie et en neurophysiologie.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING A PROPERTY OF AN EYE OF A SUBJECT

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of measuring a property of an eye of a subject using an apparatus which is: arranged to provide a bleaching light, a background light ostensibly invisible to rods (e.g. substantially red, and/or having or being a wavelength greater than 580 nm) and a target light ostensibly visible to rods (e.g. substantially green, and/or having or being a wavelength less than 580 nm and greater than 400 nm, e.g. around 514 nm+/−50 nm), the background light and/or target light (together) being suitable for rod-dominated stimulation, the background light and target light being superimposable upon one another, and the target light being presentable to the subject such that the target light is incident on a parafoveal region of the subject's retina; the method comprising: a) stimulating the subject's retina with a low level bleach using the bleaching light; b) after the bleach has been undertaken, modulating a target light at an initial luminance at which modulation of the target light is not perceivable by the subject, whilst a background light remains substantially constant; c) increasing the luminance of the modulated target light; d) receiving an input from the subject when modulation of the target light is perceivable by the subject, thus indicating a rod-related threshold; e) after said input, decreasing the luminance of the modulated target light; and f) repeating parts c) to e) of the method to determine a series of rod-related thresholds over a period of time. 1. A method of measuring a property of an eye of a subject using an apparatus which is:arranged to provide a bleaching light, a background light ostensibly invisible to rods and a target light ostensibly visible to rods, the background light and target light together being suitable for rod-dominated stimulation, the background light and target light being superimposable upon one another, and the target light being presentable to the subject ...

Augmented and virtual reality display systems and methods for determining optical prescriptions

Configurations are disclosed for a health system to be used in various healthcare applications, e.g., for patient diagnostics, monitoring, and/or therapy. The health system may comprise a light generation module to transmit light or an image to a user, one or more sensors to detect a physiological parameter of the user's body, including their eyes, and processing circuitry to analyze an input received in response to the presented images to determine one or more health conditions or defects.

Methods and systems for diagnosing binocular vision conditions

Configurations are disclosed for a health system to be used in various healthcare applications, e.g., for patient diagnostics, monitoring, and/or therapy. The health system may comprise a light generation module to transmit light or an image to a user, one or more sensors to detect a physiological parameter of the user's body, including their eyes, and processing circuitry to analyze an input received in response to the presented images to determine one or more health conditions or defects.

Methods and systems for diagnosing eyes using aberrometer

Configurations are disclosed for a health system to be used in various healthcare applications, e.g., for patient diagnostics, monitoring, and/or therapy. The health system may comprise a light generation module to transmit light or an image to a user, one or more sensors to detect a physiological parameter of the user's body, including their eyes, and processing circuitry to analyze an input received in response to the presented images to determine one or more health conditions or defects.

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR DIAGNOSING CONTRAST SENSITIVITY

Configurations are disclosed for a health system to be used in various healthcare applications, e.g., for patient diagnostics, monitoring, and/or therapy. The health system may comprise a light generation module to transmit light or an image to a user, one or more sensors to detect a physiological parameter of the user's body, including their eyes, and processing circuitry to analyze an input received in response to the presented images to determine one or more health conditions or defects. 1. (canceled)2. A wearable augmented reality device comprising: [ 'a light source configured to output light for propagation into the eye of the wearer to form an image in the eye; and', 'an augmented reality display platform configured to pass light from the world into an eye of a wearer wearing the head-mounted system, wherein the display platform comprises, 'a user interface configured to receive input from a user,, 'an augmented reality head-mounted ophthalmic system comprising project the image to the wearer; and', 'detect a response regarding the image to determine a contrast sensitivity of the wearer., 'wherein the wearable augmented reality device is configured to3. The device of claim 2 , wherein the image comprises a plurality of regions having different contrast levels.4. The device of claim 3 , wherein the image comprises a sine-wave grating.5. The device of claim 3 , wherein the image comprises a plurality of letters or numbers projected at different contrast levels.6. The device of claim 5 , wherein the image comprises a Pelli-Robson chart.7. The device of claim 5 , wherein the wearable device is configured to detect a response from the wearer indicating the letters claim 5 , numbers claim 5 , or shapes that are visible to the wearer.8. The device of claim 2 , wherein the light source is configured to consecutively project a plurality of images to the wearer.9. The device of claim 8 , wherein each of the plurality of images differs from at least one other of the ...

Augmented and virtual reality display systems and methods for delivery of medication to eyes

Configurations are disclosed for a health system to be used in various healthcare applications, e.g., for patient diagnostics, monitoring, and/or therapy. The health system may comprise a light generation module to transmit light or an image to a user, one or more sensors to detect a physiological parameter of the user's body, including their eyes, and processing circuitry to analyze an input received in response to the presented images to determine one or more health conditions or defects.

VISUAL FIELD TEST ASSISTANCE APPARATUS

Provided is a visual field test assistance apparatus capable of inferring a current visual field status at each test point. A predetermined mixture distribution is applied to a prior-distribution, and parameters regarding the predetermined mixture distribution are learned with reference to time-series information of visual field test results obtained in the past regarding a plurality of cases. The visual field test assistance apparatus calculates an inference test result vector representing an inference result of visual sensitivity to be obtained by the visual field test at each test point, by Bayesian inference, and performs an information output process on the basis of the inference test result vector obtained by the inference.

OPTOMETRY DEVICE AND METHOD OF PERFORMING A TEST USING SUCH AN OPTOMETRY DEVICE

An optometry device for testing an individual's eye includes: a casing; an imaging module located in the casing and adapted to produce a light beam directed to the individual's eye; and a refraction module adapted to provide a variable optical correction to the individual's eye looking there through into the casing. The optometry device includes an illumination system adapted to produce a variable ambient light level inside the casing. 1. Optometry device for testing an individual's eye comprising:a casing;an imaging module located in the casing and adapted to produce a light beam directed to the individual's eye; anda refraction module adapted to provide a variable optical correction to the individual's eye looking therethrough into the casing; andan illumination system adapted to produce a variable ambient light level inside the casing.2. Optometry device according to claim 1 , wherein the illumination system includes at least one surface and one light source located around the imaging module.3. Optometry device according to claim 1 , wherein the refraction module is displaceably mounted between a first position claim 1 , in which first position the refraction module is crossed by the light beam claim 1 , and a second position claim 1 , in which second position the refraction module is retracted out of the light beam.4. Optometry device according to claim 3 , wherein the imaging module is designed to project the light beam through an eyepiece of the refraction module when the refraction module is in the first position.5. Optometry device according to claim 3 , wherein the refraction module is mounted on a carriage having a gear cooperating with two parallel worms respectively driven by two motors.6. Optometry device according to claim 5 , wherein the refraction module is mounted on the carriage at a position adjustable along a direction perpendicular to an optical axis of the refraction module.7. Optometry device according to claim 1 , wherein the refraction ...

MEASURING SENSITIVITY TO POLARIZED LIGHT

Embodiments test a subject's vision. A polarization arrangement polarizes incident light and rotates an angle of polarization applied to the incident light about an axis substantially collinear with a path of the light. An optical component directs light onto the polarization arrangement and produces light having a selected degree of polarization and having a rotating angle of polarization for observation by the subject The subject may be able to observe the visual phenomenon known as Haidinger's brushes and due to the rotation of the angle of polarization the eye's tendency to adapt away the phenomenon is counteracted, so that the effect persists and a more reliable testing of the subject can be carried out. Testing the subject's ability to perceive the phenomenon at multiple selectable degrees of polarization enables an assessment of the subject's eyes, and an estimate of macular pigment optical density and susceptibility to age-related macular degeneration. 1. Apparatus for testing a subject's vision comprising:a polarization arrangement configured to polarize incident light and rotate an angle of polarization applied to the incident light about an axis substantially collinear with a path of the incident light; andan optical component configured to direct light onto the polarization arrangement,wherein the polarization arrangement is configured to produce light having a selected degree of polarization from multiple selectable degrees of polarization and having a rotating angle of polarization while under observation by the subject.2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the polarization arrangement comprises a rotation direction selection mechanism to select a direction of rotation of the angle of polarization.3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the rotation direction selection mechanism comprises a user input to select the direction of rotation.4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the rotation direction selection mechanism is ...

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR DIAGNOSING CONTRAST SENSITIVITY

Configurations are disclosed for a health system to be used in various healthcare applications, e.g., for patient diagnostics, monitoring, and/or therapy. The health system may comprise a light generation module to transmit light or an image to a user, one or more sensors to detect a physiological parameter of the user's body, including their eyes, and processing circuitry to analyze an input received in response to the presented images to determine one or more health conditions or defects. 115.-. (canceled)16. A wearable augmented reality display system comprising: 'a light source configured to output light for propagation into the eye of the wearer to form an image in the eye; and', 'an augmented reality display configured to pass light from the world into an eye of a wearer wearing the head-mounted system, wherein the display comprisesa user interface configured to receive input from a user, access contrast sensitivity data associated with the wearer; and', 'alert the wearer to hazardous conditions not visible to the wearer due to a deficiency in the contrast sensitivity of the wearer identified based on the accessed contrast sensitivity data., 'wherein the wearable augmented reality display system is configured to17. The system of claim 16 , wherein the contrast sensitivity data comprises macular degeneration testing results.18. The system of claim 17 , wherein the macular degeneration testing results are obtained from one or more examinations performed by the system.19. The system of claim 16 , configured to access the contrast sensitivity data by accessing a remote data source.20. The system of claim 16 , further comprising one or more outward facing cameras configured to identify the hazardous conditions.21. The system of claim 20 , wherein the hazardous conditions are identified based on a correlation of images detected by the one or more outward facing cameras with the accessed contrast sensitivity data of the wearer.22. The system of claim 16 , configured ...

AUGMENTED AND VIRTUAL REALITY DISPLAY SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING HEALTH CONDITIONS BASED ON VISUAL FIELDS

Configurations are disclosed for a health system to be used in various healthcare applications, e.g., for patient diagnostics, monitoring, and/or therapy. The health system may comprise a light generation module to transmit light or an image to a user, one or more sensors to detect a physiological parameter of the user's body, including their eyes, and processing circuitry to analyze an input received in response to the presented images to determine one or more health conditions or defects. 19.-. (canceled)10. A wearable augmented reality system comprising: a light source configured to project light into the eye of the wearer to form an image in the eye; and', 'a user interface configured to receive input from a user,, 'an augmented reality display configured to pass light from the world into an eye of a wearer wearing the head-mounted system, wherein the display comprises access visual field deficiency data of the wearer; and', "alert the wearer to a hazardous condition in the wearer's surroundings, wherein the hazardous condition is invisible to the wearer due to a visual field deficiency."], 'wherein the system is configured to11. The system of claim 10 , configured to alert the wearer by providing a visual notification.12. The system of claim 10 , configured to alert the wearer by providing an audio notification.13. The system of claim 10 , configured to alert the wearer by providing a tactile notification.14. The system of claim 10 , wherein the display comprises a stack of waveguides configured to direct light from the light source into the eye of the wearer to form the image in the eye.15. The system of claim 10 , wherein a waveguide of the stack of waveguides outputs light with a different amount of wavefront divergence than some other waveguides of the stack of waveguides claim 10 , wherein the different amounts of wavefront divergence corresponding to different depth planes.16. The system of claim 15 , wherein each waveguide of the stack of waveguides ...

METHODS, APPARATUS, AND SYSTEMS FOR OPHTHALMIC TESTING AND MEASUREMENT

Methods, apparatus, and systems for performing an ophthalmic diagnostic test are disclosed. In one aspect, a head-wearable device for administering an ophthalmic test to a subject can comprise a head-wearable frame for mounting the device onto the subject's head, and a light seal configured for coupling to the frame so as to isolate at least one eye of the subject from ambient light when the device is worn by the subject. 1. A head-wearable ophthalmic testing and measurement system comprising:a head-wearable frame;at least one test light source mounted in the head-wearable frame and configured to generate at least one of a stimulus light and a bleaching light;at least one optical system mounted in the head-wearable frame and configured to direct light generated by the at least one test light source onto at least one eye of a test subject; anda movable platform on which the at least one test light source and the at least one optical system are mounted, the movable platform being movable along at least two orthogonal directions and configured to align the at least one test light source relative to a pupil of the at least one eye of the test subject.2. The head-wearable ophthalmic testing and measurement system of claim 1 , further comprising at least one fixation light source configured to generate a fixation light that directs attention of the test subject to the light generated by the at least one test light source.3. The head-wearable ophthalmic testing and measurement system of claim 2 , wherein the at least one fixation light source is configured to be movable to allow bringing the fixation light into focus when viewed by the test subject.4. The head-wearable ophthalmic testing and measurement system of claim 2 , further comprising at least one mechanism mounted onto the head-wearable frame and coupled to the at least one fixation light source claim 2 , wherein the mechanism is configured to move the at least one fixation light source relative to the at least one ...

METHODS, APPARATUS, AND SYSTEMS FOR OPHTHALMIC TESTING AND MEASUREMENT

Methods, apparatus, and systems for performing an ophthalmic diagnostic test are disclosed. In one aspect, a head-wearable device for administering an ophthalmic test to a subject can comprise a head-wearable frame for mounting the device onto the subject's head, and a light seal configured for coupling to the frame so as to isolate at least one eye of the subject from ambient light when the device is worn by the subject.

METHODS, APPARATUS, AND SYSTEMS FOR OPHTHALMIC TESTING AND MEASUREMENT

Methods, apparatus, and systems for performing an ophthalmic diagnostic test are disclosed. In one aspect, a head-wearable device for administering an ophthalmic test to a subject can comprise a head-wearable frame for mounting the device onto the subject's head, and a light seal configured for coupling to the frame so as to isolate at least one eye of the subject from ambient light when the device is worn by the subject. 1. A head-wearable ophthalmic testing and measurement system comprising:a head-wearable frame;at least one test light source mounted in the head-wearable frame and configured to generate at least one of a stimulus light and a bleaching light;at least one optical system mounted in the head-wearable frame and configured to direct light generated by the at least one test light source onto at least one eye of a test subject; anda movable platform on which the at least one test light source and the at least one optical system are mounted, the movable platform being movable along at least two orthogonal directions and configured to align the at least one test light source relative to a pupil of the at least one eye of the test subject.2. The head-wearable ophthalmic testing and measurement system of claim 1 , further comprising at least one fixation light source configured to generate a fixation light that directs attention of the test subject to the light generated by the at least one test light source.3. The head-wearable ophthalmic testing and measurement system of claim 2 , wherein the at least one fixation light source is configured to be movable to allow bringing the fixation light into focus when viewed by the test subject.4. The head-wearable ophthalmic testing and measurement system of claim 2 , further comprising at least one mechanism mounted onto the head-wearable frame and coupled to the at least one fixation light source claim 2 , wherein the mechanism is configured to move the at least one fixation light source relative to the at least one ...

Methods, apparatus, and systems for ophthalmic testing and measurement

Methods, apparatus, and systems for performing an ophthalmic diagnostic test are disclosed. In one aspect, a head-wearable device for administering an ophthalmic test to a subject can comprise a head-wearable frame for mounting the device onto the subject's head, and a light seal configured for coupling to the frame so as to isolate at least one eye of the subject from ambient light when the device is worn by the subject.

METHODS, APPARATUS, AND SYSTEMS FOR OPHTHALMIC TESTING AND MEASUREMENT

Methods, apparatus, and systems for performing an ophthalmic diagnostic test are disclosed. In one aspect, a head-wearable device for administering an ophthalmic test to a subject can comprise a head-wearable frame for mounting the device onto the subject's head, and a light seal configured for coupling to the frame so as to isolate at least one eye of the subject from ambient light when the device is worn by the subject. 1. A head-wearable ophthalmic testing and measurement system comprising:a head-wearable frame;at least one test light source mounted in the head-wearable frame and configured to generate at least one of a stimulus light and a bleaching light;at least one optical system mounted in the head-wearable frame and configured to direct light generated by the at least one test light source onto at least one eye of a test subject; anda movable platform on which the at least one test light source and the at least one optical system are mounted, the movable platform being movable along at least two orthogonal directions and configured to align the at least one test light source relative to a pupil of the at least one eye of the test subject.2. The head-wearable ophthalmic testing and measurement system of claim 1 , further comprising at least one fixation light source configured to generate a fixation light that directs attention of the test subject to the light generated by the at least one test light source.3. The head-wearable ophthalmic testing and measurement system of claim 2 , wherein the at least one fixation light source is configured to be movable to allow bringing the fixation light into focus when viewed by the test subject.4. The head-wearable ophthalmic testing and measurement system of claim 2 , further comprising at least one mechanism mounted onto the head-wearable frame and coupled to the at least one fixation light source claim 2 , wherein the mechanism is configured to move the at least one fixation light source relative to the at least one ...

PHOTOBLEACHING METHOD

The present disclosure provides an improved method for photobleaching an eye of a subject. The disclosed method may be used in a number of psychophysical test methods, including, but not limited to, measurement of dark adaptation. The improved method for photobleaching involves at least one of the following improvements: (i) the use of a bleaching light emitting a particular wavelength of light or a tailored spectrum of wavelengths; (ii) restricting or otherwise spatially tailoring the region of the retina that is subject to photobleaching; and (iii) utilizing a bleaching light having an intensity that is at or below the intensity of ambient daylight. The present disclosure additionally provides a combination of a photobleaching light and an apparatus to administer a psychophysical test suitable for use in practicing the disclosed methods.

VIRTUAL REALITY OCULAR EXAMINATION SYSTEM

A virtual reality display system including at least one optical alignment subsystem optically aligned with at least one eye of a subject and at least one virtual reality display device optically aligned with the at least one optical alignment subsystem for displaying to the subject at least one virtual reality object undergoing virtual motion, wherein the virtual motion of the at least one virtual reality object as viewable by the subject is operative for inducing and relaxing accommodation by the at least one eye of the subject. 1. A virtual reality display system comprising:at least one optical alignment subsystem optically aligned with at least one eye of a subject; andat least one virtual reality display device optically aligned with said at least one optical alignment subsystem for providing a virtual reality environment to said subject by displaying to said subject at least one virtual reality object undergoing virtual motion, whereinsaid virtual motion of said at least one virtual reality object as viewable by said subject is operative for inducing and relaxing accommodation by said at least one eye of said subject, and for immersing said subject in said virtual reality environment, thereby enhancing said relaxing of accommodation by said subject.2. An ocular examination system comprising:at least one optical alignment subsystem optically aligned with at least one eye of a subject;at least one virtual reality display device optically aligned with said at least one optical alignment subsystem for providing a virtual reality environment to said subject by displaying to said subject at least one virtual reality object undergoing virtual motion,wherein said virtual motion of said at least one virtual reality object, as viewable by said subject, is operative for inducing and relaxing accommodation by said at least one eye of said subject, and for immersing said subject in said virtual reality environment, thereby enhancing said relaxing of accommodation by said ...

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING EYES USING LIGHT THERAPY

Configurations are disclosed for a health system to be used in various healthcare applications, e.g., for patient diagnostics, monitoring, and/or therapy. The health system may comprise a light generation module to transmit light or an image to a user, one or more sensors to detect a physiological parameter of the user's body, including their eyes, and processing circuitry to analyze an input received in response to the presented images to determine one or more health conditions or defects. 128-. (canceled)29. A wearable augmented reality device comprising:a head-mountable frame for mounting on a head of a wearer; in-coupling diffractive optical elements configured to in-couple light from the light source; and', 'out-coupling diffractive optical elements configured to out-couple light to the eye of the wearer,, 'an augmented reality display attached to the frame and comprising a light source and a waveguide stack comprising a plurality of waveguides, wherein each waveguide of the plurality of waveguides compriseswherein one or more waveguides of the plurality of waveguides are configured to output light with a different amount of wavefront divergence than one or more other waveguides of the plurality of waveguides, wherein the different amounts of wavefront divergence correspond to different depth planes, wherein the display is configured to:pass light from the world into the eye of the wearer; andoutput light from the light source into the eye of the wearer to form an image in the eye,wherein the wearable augmented reality device is configured to selectively administering light of a predefined range of wavelengths into the wearer's eyes based on a treatment protocol.30. The device of claim 29 , wherein the treatment protocol comprises administering a prescribed amount of the light of the predefined range of wavelengths periodically to the wearer's eyes.31. The device of claim 29 , wherein the treatment protocol comprises administering a prescribed amount of the ...

METHODS, APPARATUS, AND SYSTEMS FOR OPHTHALMIC TESTING AND MEASUREMENT

Methods, apparatus, and systems for performing an ophthalmic diagnostic test are disclosed. In one aspect, a head-wearable device for administering an ophthalmic test to a subject can comprise a head-wearable frame for mounting the device onto the subject's head, and a light seal configured for coupling to the frame so as to isolate at least one eye of the subject from ambient light when the device is worn by the subject. 1. A head-wearable device for measurement of dark adaptation in at least one eye of a subject , the head-wearable device comprising:a head-wearable frame;at least one test light source mounted in the frame and configured to generate a bleaching light and a stimulus light; andan optical system mounted in the frame and configured to direct the bleaching light and the stimulus light from the at least one test light source onto at least one eye of the subject.2. The head-wearable device of claim 1 , further comprising a movable platform on which the at least one test light source and the optical system are mounted claim 1 , the movable platform being movable along at least two orthogonal directions and configured to align the at least one test light source relative to the pupil of the subject's eye.3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. The head-wearable device of claim 1 , further comprising at least one fixation light source configured to direct the subject's attention to the at least one test light source claim 1 , the fixation light source and the at least one test light source being positioned relative to one another such that a light beam emitted by the at least one test light source and a fixation light beam emitted by the fixation light source form an angle in a range of about 1 to about 18 degrees at the subject's pupil.6. (canceled)5. The head-wearable device of claim 5 , wherein the at least one fixation light source is configured to be movable claim 5 , along a direction substantially along a propagation direction of light emitted by the fixation ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR GUIDING A TEST SUBJECT THROUGH AN OPHTHALMIC TEST

Methods, apparatus, and systems for performing an ophthalmic diagnostic test are disclosed. In one aspect, a head-wearable device for administering an ophthalmic test to a subject can comprise a head-wearable frame for mounting the device onto the subject's head, and a light seal configured for coupling to the frame so as to isolate at least one eye of the subject from ambient light when the device is worn by the subject. 1113-. (canceled)114. A device for administering an ophthalmic diagnostic test to a subject , comprising:an ophthalmic diagnostic system configured to administer an ophthalmic diagnostic test to at least one eye of the subject, andan automatic subject-instruction system configured to communicate with the subject to guide the test subject through the diagnostic test.115. The device of claim 114 , wherein the subject-instruction system is configured to deliver pre-recorded messages to the subject before claim 114 , during and/or subsequent to administration of the ophthalmic diagnostic test.116. The device of claim 114 , wherein the subject-instruction system is configured to allow communication between the subject and a medical professional.117. The device of claim 114 , further comprising a measurement system configured to monitor performance of the subject during the ophthalmic diagnostic test.118. The device of claim 117 , wherein the measurement system comprises a subject-response device configured for use by the subject to respond to one or more stimuli provided by the ophthalmic diagnostic system.119. The device of claim 118 , wherein the subject-instruction system is in communication with the subject-response device and configured to receive data regarding the subject's response to the stimuli.120. The device of claim 119 , wherein the subject-instruction system is configured to provide verbal commands to the subject in response to the data regarding the subject's response to the stimuli.121. The device of claim 114 , wherein the ophthalmic ...

IN-DIRECT METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY DETECTION

The present invention relates to indirect diagnosis of deficiency of Vitamin A, without taking blood sample. The instrument combines two simple principles for full functionality, An individual having Vitamin A deficiency can be differentiated from a healthy person on 2 basis: (1) The ability to clearly identify pictorial representation of an object in the environment having low amount of light intensity; and (2) The time being taken for eyes to adapt to a significantly different lighting situation. The standardization of the instrument has to be done in nearby area in relatively healthy population having rich diet in vitamin A or it is to be adopted based on findings of other area, The diagnosis can be confirmed after repeating the same set of tests, after giving vitamin A in appropriate dosages, and allowing enough time to pass for that dosage to take an effect (generally, 1 to 2 weeks). 1. In-Direct method and system for Vitamin A deficiency detection consists with electronic paper module , LCD to display test object , MicroSD card , key pad , LEDWherein electronic paper is provided to view the letters and pictures in a natural manner, as it does not have any light source and rather, work on the principle of light reflection;Wherein a LCD is provided to display test data, recorded values, and useful information and it also serves the purpose of user interfacing by giving proper output;Wherein MicroSD card used in the system to provide storage memory for completed tests, and to store configuration file which can be easily updated;Wherein Keypad is provided to take inputs from user.Wherein White Light Emitting Diode is used to produce controlled amount of illumination in the device—on the Electronic Paper, and another similar component used to provide flash light, as a first stage of dark adaption test;Wherein PIN Photodiode is used to measure the light intensity.2. In-Direct method and system for Vitamin A deficiency detection as claimed in wherein multiple number ...

REFRACTION DEVICES

A refraction device includes a main body, a spherical power lens coupled to the main body, an astigmatic power lens movably coupled to the main body, and a visual display coupled to the main body and oriented toward an optical pathway extending through the spherical power lens and the astigmatic power lens. The visual display is configured to display an image for testing visual acuity. 1. A refraction device , comprising:a main body;a spherical power lens coupled to the main body;at least one astigmatic power lens movably coupled to the main body; anda visual display coupled to the main body and oriented toward an optical pathway extending through the spherical power lens and the at least one astigmatic power lens, the visual display configured to display an image for testing visual acuity.2. The refraction device according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one astigmatic power lens is a plurality of astigmatic power lenses claim 1 , each astigmatic power lens of the plurality of astigmatic power lenses being configured to be selectively moved between a position in line with the spherical power lens claim 1 , and a position out of line with the spherical power lens.3. The refraction device according to claim 2 , further comprising a belt disposed within the main body claim 2 , the belt having the plurality of astigmatic power lenses associated therewith.4. The refraction device according to claim 3 , wherein at least one astigmatic power lens of the plurality of astigmatic power lenses is rotatable relative to the belt.5. The refraction device according to claim 3 , wherein the belt is movable relative to the main body to position a selected astigmatic power lens of the plurality of astigmatic power lenses in line with the spherical power lens.6. The refraction device according to claim 5 , wherein the belt has an arcuate configuration such that the belt is movable relative to the main body along a circular pathway.7. The refraction device according to claim 3 , ...

PHOTOBLEACHING DEVICE AND METHOD AND DARK ADAPTED PERIMETRY DEVICE AND DARK ADAPTED PERIMETRY METHOD

A dark adapted perimetry method includes the steps of at least partially photobleaching an eye, selectively illuminating a plurality of stimulus target light sources at a predetermined luminance, and recording a response data including triggering an input device in response to the selective illumination. The plurality of stimulus target light sources define a stimulus target array positioned within a concave array guide. Each stimulus target light source is illuminated by a respective LED complex light source. 1. A dark adapted perimetry method comprising the steps of:(a) at least partially photobleaching an eye;(b) selectively illuminating a plurality of stimulus target light sources at a predetermined luminance, wherein the plurality of stimulus target light sources define a stimulus target array positioned within a concave array guide, each stimulus target light source illuminated by a respective LED complex light source; and(c) recording an response data comprising a triggering of an input device in response to the selective illumination.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising applying a normative data set that has been statistically derived though clinical trials to establish normal response characteristics of3. The method of claim 1 , wherein only one stimulus target light source is illuminated at a time claim 1 , and each time a stimulus target light source is illuminated claim 1 , it is illuminated with known exposure parameters for one or more of intensity claim 1 , spectrum claim 1 , and location relative'to a fixation axis.4. The method of claim wherein each stimulus target light source comprises an optically transmissive element with diffusing light propagation properties claim 1 , and a circular exit diaphragm which forms a stimulus surface.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein each stimulus target light source is connected to a respective optical fiber.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein each respective optical fiber is illuminated by a respective ...

Illuminated Contact Lens and System for Improved Eye Diagnosis, Disease Management and Surgery

A new ocular contact lens has been designed to increase the amount of light reaching the retina. The contact lens edge is chamfered to redirect and increase the light reaching the retina. A light source encircles and contacts the straight or curved chamfered edge. Additionally, a reflective cylinder and its top wall encircle the lens to block any loss of light. This distal edge of the contact lens may be rounded to increase the angle of retina visible. A new ocular imaging camera has a low-light camera subassembly with server, a photosensor next to low-light camera, a short cylindrical housing, a space between the camera subassembly and the housing, an internal program in server to detect good or poor image quality and an alarm for poor image quality, wherein an operator recaptures the image. A system has a highly efficient method to screen and diagnose a large number of patients using the new ocular contact lens and ocular imaging camera. The system receives and processes the photographs. The photographs are transmitted to eye care specialists' smart phone, tablet or virtual reality device for evaluation. As specified, the eye care specialist separates normal from abnormal, diagnoses the abnormality, and may even provide detailed information, such as the grade of the abnormality. The server receives this information and automatically generates the suitable report for the healthcare professional. The server also processes payment to the eye care specialist. 1. An ocular contact lens comprisinga. A proximal curved surface to contact the surface of the eye;b. A distal contact lens surface through which the retina can be seen;c. Chamfered edges of the ocular contact lens wherein the edges have a wider circumference closer to the curved surface and narrower near the flat surface; andd. Straight edge of the ocular contact lens, perpendicular to the distal contact lens surface and extending from the proximal surface to the chamfered edge,Wherein the ocular contact lens ...

GLARE ASSEMBLY FOR EYE TEST DISPLAY

A monitor/display is used to display a vision test. A patient is spaced a predetermined distance to the monitor/display during the testing procedure, and individual, multiple LED housings are equally spaced about a center point of the monitor/display to direct light toward the patient during at least a portion of the test procedure. The light emanating r the individual housings is a diffuse, unfocused light to simulate glare, and the intensity of the light may be selectively altered. Conducting vision testing under glare conditions determines if there is any reduction or fall off in the patient's vision under such circumstances and provides an indication of whether the patient may require cataract surgery or has another ocular problem. An assembly allows an existing vision testing system to be easily modified to provide glare light testing capabilities. 1. An assembly for modifying an existing vision testing system wherein the system includes a monitor/display for displaying a test procedure to include glare test capability , the assembly comprising:at least first and second glare light sources; andat least first and second light brackets each including a cavity dimensioned to receive a respective one of the glare light sources therein at equally-spaced locations relative to a center point of the monitor/display and directed toward an associated patient to conduct the test procedure under glare light conditions.2. The assembly of further comprising a detector in operative communication with the first and second glare light sources to provide signals thereto that control glare light emitted from the glare light sources.3. The assembly of further comprising a support member to which the first and second glare light sources and detector are mounted.4. The assembly of further comprising a support member to which the first and second glare light sources are mounted.5. The assembly of wherein the first and second brackets are secured to the support member in spaced ...

SYSTEMS FOR DETERMINING EYE REFRACTION

Mobile computer devices and systems for refraction determination of an eye, for example for objective refraction determination and/or subjective refraction determination, are provided. Here, a display of the mobile computer device can be driven to display an image for refraction determination. 1. A system for determining subjective refraction of the eye or eyes of a person , the system comprising:a mount to be worn on a head or held thereagainst;a mobile computer device provided in said mount;said mobile computer device having a display, a processor, and a non-transitory computer-readable medium;said non-transitory computer-readable medium having program code stored therein;said program code, when executed on the processor, causing said processor to drive said display to display an image for determining the subjective refraction of an eye on said display;said mount including exchangeable viewing optics for viewing the mobile computer device with a left eye and a right eye of said person; first optical units for imaging the images concerning the left eye and the right eye, respectively, on said display; and,', 'second optical units exchangeable with said first optical units for imaging said images concerning the left eye and the right eye, respectively, on said display to facilitate determination of said subjective refraction by receiving an indication from said person whether an impression of the images displayed on said display changes in response to the exchange of said second optical units for said first optical units; and,', 'said viewing optics defining mutually adjacent optical viewing paths to said display for the left and right eyes, respectively, of said person., 'said exchangeable viewing optics including at least2. The system of claim 1 , wherein said mount is configured for receiving changeable lenses claim 1 , and/or changeable lenses are received in the changeable mount.3. The system of further comprising a combination of polarizer and analyzer for at ...

Visual Neuromodulation System and Methods for Treatments of Visually Triggered Migraine Headaches and Seizures

A visual neuromodulation system includes a processor and a transition function determination module configured to determine a spatial frequency transition function corresponding to a spatial frequency based on user input. The user input includes: (i) a quantity of illusions perceived in response to viewing a spatial frequency pattern associated with the spatial frequency and (ii) a level of discomfort sensed in response to viewing the spatial frequency pattern associated with the spatial frequency. The system also includes a threshold determination module configured to determine a threshold spatial frequency based on the spatial frequency transition function. The system includes, in response to the threshold determination module determining the threshold spatial frequency, a control module that selects a display spatial frequency pattern from a set of spatial frequency patterns. The selected spatial frequency pattern corresponds to a display spatial frequency greater than the threshold spatial frequency to display for a predetermined period. 1. A visual neuromodulation system comprising:a processor; (i) a quantity of illusions perceived in response to viewing a spatial frequency pattern associated with the spatial frequency; and', '(ii) a level of discomfort sensed in response to viewing the spatial frequency pattern associated with the spatial frequency;, 'a transition function determination module configured to determine a spatial frequency transition function corresponding to a spatial frequency based on user input, wherein the user input includesa threshold determination module configured to determine a threshold spatial frequency based on the spatial frequency transition function; andin response to the threshold determination module determining the threshold spatial frequency, a control module selects a display spatial frequency pattern from a set of spatial frequency patterns, and wherein the selected spatial frequency pattern corresponds to a display spatial ...

METHODS AND SYSTEMS USING FRACTIONAL RANK PRECISION AND MEAN AVERAGE PRECISION AS TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY MEASURES

Disclosed herein are methods and systems of evaluating test-retest precision using fractional rank precision or mean-average precision, comprising: a) collecting a test and a retest result of each subject, wherein the results are described in feature space(s) and collected from a vision test machine; b) selecting, a first test result of a first subject; c) calculating distances from the first test result to the retest result of each subject; d) assessing, a similarity between the first test result and the retest result of each subject by ranking the distances in a non-descending order; e) assessing a rank precision for the first subject based on a rank of a distance from the first test result to the retest result of the first subject; f) repeating b), c), d), and e) for each subject; and evaluating, the test-retest precision based on the rank precision for each of the plurality of subjects. 1. A computer-implemented method of evaluating test-retest precision of a test and a retest of a plurality of subjects using fractional rank precision (FRP) or mean-average precision (MAP) , comprising:a) collecting, by a computer, a test result and a retest result of each of the plurality of subjects, wherein the test result and the retest result are described in one or more feature spaces and one of the test result and the retest result is collected from a vision test machine;b) selecting, by the computer, a first subject from the plurality of subjects and a first test result of the first subject;c) calculating, by the computer, distances from the first test result to the retest result of each of the plurality of subjects;d) assessing, by the computer, a similarity between the first test result and the retest result of each of the plurality of subjects by ranking the distances in a non-descending order;e) assessing, by the computer, a rank precision for the first subject based on a rank of a distance from the first test result to the retest result of the first subject;f) ...

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR VISUAL THRESHOLD MEASUREMENT

The present invention relates to a device and method for visual threshold measurement, which belongs to the field of optical precision measurement technology. The device comprises a first uniform plane light source system, a second uniform plane light source system, a first primary color adjusting system, a second primary color adjusting system, a first complementary color adjusting system, a second complementary color adjusting system, a first color mixture system, a second color mixture system, and a beam splitting system. The device can generate four observation targets with variable brightness (illumination), contrast, color difference, and periodic pattern frequency, by using a four-integrating sphere light source system and by multiplexing the color adjusting systems, the color mixture systems, and subsequent light paths, so as to implement multi-parameter measurement for a set of visual thresholds. One device can simultaneously measure visual illumination, contrast, and color difference thresholds, and achieve ease operation, wide range measurement, multi-measurement-parameter coverage, large color gamut adjustment range, and high light source output power. 1. An apparatus for measuring visual threshold , comprising:a first uniform plane light source system comprising a first small integrating sphere having an input port for receiving light source, a first exit and a second exit ports;a second uniform plane light source system comprising a second small integrating sphere having an input port for receiving light source, a first exit and a second exit ports;a first color mixture system comprising a first big integrating sphere having a first input port, a second input port and an output port;a second color mixture system comprising a second big integrating sphere having a first input port, a second input port and an output port;a first primary color adjusting system comprising a light filtering disc and a light blocking disc and disposed between the first exit ...

ILLUMINATION EVALUATION OR RECOMMENDATION USING VISUAL FUNCTION

Illumination can be evaluated for patient using a system including a housing, an adjustable light source mechanically coupled to the housing and configured to illuminate an object for viewing by the patient on an axis substantially perpendicular to a surface of the object. A user-adjustable input coupled to the adjustable light source is to obtain information from a user indicative of a calibrated illuminance and a color property to be provided by the adjustable light source including providing a range of adjustable illuminance and color properties selectable by the user. The adjustable light source can be configured to provide light having an illuminance in excess of 300 lux, and the housing can be configured to provide a first specified distance between the adjustable light source and the object for viewing and to obstruct viewing of the light source directly by the patient. 1. A system to evaluate illumination for a patient , comprising:a housing;an adjustable light source mechanically coupled to the housing and configured to illuminate an object for viewing by the patient on an axis substantially perpendicular to a surface of the object;a user-adjustable input coupled to the adjustable light source, the user-adjustable input configured to obtain information from a user indicative of a calibrated illuminance and a color property to be provided by the adjustable light source including providing a range of adjustable illuminance and color properties selectable by the user; andan indicator configured to provide indicia of a selected illuminance and a selected color property to the user;wherein the adjustable light source is configured to provide light having an illuminance in excess of 300 lux; andwherein the housing is configured to provide a first specified distance between the adjustable light source and the object for viewing, and to obstruct viewing of the light source directly by the patient; andwherein the calibrated illuminance is established at least in ...

VISUAL FIELD TESTING DEVICE

A probability distribution of visual sensitivities at each visual target presentation position of the subject is inferred on the basis of the test result information which is visual sensitivity information at each of the visual target presentation positions obtained through the tests performed in the past. Input of visual sensitivity information of the subject at at least one presentation position among the plurality of visual target presentation positions is received. Mutual information between visual sensitivity information of the subject regarding the visual test target represented by the received information and visual sensitivity information regarding each visual test target for which no visual sensitivity information of subject has been input, using the inferred probability distribution, is calculated, and the calculated mutual information is provided for a predetermined process for selecting a position at which the next visual test target is to be presented. 1. A visual-field test apparatus which selects a visual test target position at which a visual test target is to be presented , from a plurality of visual target presentation positions , and presents , to a tester , a visual test target at the selected position , comprising:a holding device which holds visual sensitivity information at each of the visual target presentation positions obtained through the tests performed in the past, as test result information;an inference device which infers probability distribution of visual sensitivities at each visual target presentation position of the subject on the basis of the test result information held in the holding device;a reception device which receives input of visual sensitivity information of the subject at at least one presentation position among the plurality of visual target presentation positions; anda processing device which calculates mutual information between visual sensitivity information of the subject regarding the visual test target ...

METHODS AND DEVICES FOR DETERMINING EYE REFRACTION

Mobile computer devices and systems for refraction determination of an eye, for example for objective refraction determination and/or subjective refraction determination, are provided. Here, a display of the mobile computer device can be driven to display an image for refraction determination. 1. A mobile computer device comprising:a display;a processor;a non-transitory computer-readable medium having program code stored therein;said program code being configured to, when it is executed on the processor, cause said processor to drive said display to display an image for determining refraction of an eye on said display;said image including elements represented on a background defining a first brightness, wherein said first brightness is configured to be settable for setting a surround luminance;said first brightness of said background being configured to be settable independently of a second brightness of said elements and to be selectively settable to one of at least two different predefined brightness values; and,{'sup': 2', '2, 'said at least two different predefined brightness values being from a group including a first predefined brightness value in a range of scotopic vision with a first luminance of less than 0.03 cd/m, a second predefined brightness value in a range of phototopic vision with a second luminance of greater than 3 cd/mand a third brightness value in a range of mesopic vision with a third luminance between said first luminance and said second luminance.'}2. The mobile computer device of claim 1 , wherein a brightness of the elements is settable for setting an infield luminance.3. A mobile computer device comprising:a display;a processor;a non-transitory data storage unit having program code stored therein;said program code being configured to, when it is executed on the processor, cause said processor to drive said display to display an image for determining refraction of an eye on said display;said image including elements represented on a ...

SYSTEM AND METHODS FOR DETECTING MALFUNCTIONING NOZZLES IN A DIGITAL PRINTING PRESS

A method identifies at least one malfunctioning nozzle in a digital printing press, the digital printing press including a plurality of nozzles. The method includes printing a design on a substrate, acquiring at least one image of the printed design and identifying at least one artifact in the acquired image. The method further includes identifying the malfunctioning nozzle and classifying the at least one malfunctioning nozzle according to the at least one of the acquired image of the printed design, at least a portion of a nozzle pattern and at least a portion of a uniformity pattern. 1. A system for identifying at least one malfunctioning nozzle in a digital printing press having a plurality of nozzles , the printing press configured to print a predetermined number of colors , each printed color corresponding to a subset of the plurality of nozzles , said system comprising:an imager, including an imaging sensor, configured to acquire a digital image of at least one printed image printed on a substrate by said digital printing press; a nozzle pattern including a nozzle color pattern, each nozzle color pattern including one or more nozzle pattern rows, each nozzle pattern row including one or more nozzle marks and at least one nozzle locator; and', a color uniformity pattern; and', 'a product design other than the nozzle pattern or the color uniformity pattern;, 'at least one of], 'computer memory, comprising, information stored therein corresponding to cause the imager to acquire a first digital image of a first printed image corresponding to the design or to a portion of the color uniformity pattern;', 'identify at least one artifact in the acquired first digital image and determine from the identified artifact a group of nozzles suspected of including the at least one malfunctioning nozzle, the group of nozzles comprising fewer than all of the plurality of nozzles,', 'send instructions to the printing press to print only a portion of said nozzle pattern on the ...

Method for manufacturing optical device, optical device, non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, and color adjusting device

A method for manufacturing an optical device, includes obtaining a plurality of test images in each of which spectral intensities of a first color component, a second color component and a third color component are separately changeable, changing the spectral intensity of the first color component in at least a first test image, changing the spectral intensity of the second color component in at least a second test image, obtaining a spectral intensity Rs of the first color component and a spectral intensity Gs of the second color component satisfying a particular test condition when a subject is looking at the first and second test images, and manufacturing the optical device including an optical element configured to adjust spectral intensities of the first color component and the second color component, in light transmitted through the optical element, based on the spectral intensities Rs and Gs.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING A VISUAL FIELD TEST

A method and apparatus are provided for measuring a sensitivity level across a visual field of a subject defined by a set of locations. The method comprises: presenting a sequence of visual stimuli on a display, wherein each stimulus in the sequence has a respective intensity level and is positioned on the display to correspond to a respective location from the set of locations; obtaining from the subject, for each stimulus, a respective binary response indicating whether or not the stimulus was seen by the subject; and after receiving the response from the subject for a given stimulus in the sequence, using a statistical model to estimate, for each location in the set of locations, the sensitivity level at that location; wherein the statistical model incorporates information about correlations in responses between different locations from the set of locations and takes as input, the respective binary response, intensity level and location for multiple stimuli presented in said sequence up to and including the given stimulus. 1. A method for measuring a sensitivity level across a visual field of a subject defined by a set of locations using a visual test apparatus including a display , an input mechanism and a control system , said method comprising:presenting by the control system a sequence of visual stimuli on the display, wherein each stimulus in the sequence has a respective intensity level and is positioned on the display to correspond to a respective location from the set of locations;obtaining from the subject by the control system via the input mechanism, for each stimulus, a respective binary response indicating whether or not the stimulus was seen by the subject; andafter receiving the response from the subject for a given stimulus in the sequence, using a statistical model in the control system to estimate, for each location in the set of locations, the sensitivity level at that location;wherein the statistical model incorporates information about ...

REFRACTION DEVICES

A refraction device includes a main body, a spherical power lens coupled to the main body, an astigmatic power lens movably coupled to the main body, and a visual display coupled to the main body and oriented toward an optical pathway extending through the spherical power lens and the astigmatic power lens. The visual display is configured to display an image for testing visual acuity. 1. A refraction device , comprising:a main body;a first diagnostic lens assembly coupled to the main body;a second diagnostic lens assembly coupled to the main body;a visual display coupled to the main body and configured to display an image for testing visual acuity; anda plurality of sensors coupled to the main body and configured to measure at least one of a vertex distance of a patient or a pupillary distance of the patient.2. The refraction device according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of sensors are configured to determine the vertex distance defined between an outer surface of the patient's eyes and an ophthalmic lens worn by the patient.3. The refraction device according to claim 2 , further comprising a processor configured to adjust a distance between the first and second diagnostic lens assemblies and the patient's respective left and right eyes to match the determined vertex distance.4. The refraction device according to claim 3 , wherein the plurality of sensors are camera sensors configured to measure a position of a pupil of the left eye and a position of a pupil of the right eye.5. The refraction device according to claim 3 , wherein the main body has a face mount claim 3 , the refraction device further comprising a support member protruding proximally from the face mount claim 3 , wherein the processor is configured to move the support member relative to the face mount to adjust the distance between the first and second diagnostic lens assemblies and the patient's respective left and right eyes.6. The refraction device according to claim 1 , further comprising:a ...

AUGMENTED REALITY PULSE OXIMETRY

One embodiment is directed to a system comprising a head-mounted member removably coupleable to the user's head; one or more electromagnetic radiation emitters coupled to the head-mounted member and configured to emit light with at least two different wavelengths toward at least one of the eyes of the user; one or more electromagnetic radiation detectors coupled to the head-mounted member and configured to receive light reflected after encountering at least one blood vessel of the eye; and a controller operatively coupled to the one or more electromagnetic radiation emitters and detectors and configured to cause the one or more electromagnetic radiation emitters to emit pulses of light while also causing the one or more electromagnetic radiation detectors to detect levels of light absorption related to the emitted pulses of light, and to produce an output that is proportional to an oxygen saturation level in the blood vessel. 1. A method of determining oxygen saturation of a user , comprising:a. removably coupling a head-mounted member to a head of the user;b. emitting, with one or more electromagnetic radiation emitters coupled to the head-mounted member, light with at least two different wavelengths in the visible to infrared spectrum in a direction of at least one eye of the user and having an associated field of irradiation that includes a retina and a sclera of the eye of the user;c. receiving, with one or more electromagnetic radiation detectors coupled to the head-mounted member, light reflected after encountering at least one blood vessel of the retina or the sclera of the eye of the user; andd. executing a controller, operatively coupled to the one or more electromagnetic radiation emitters and one or more electromagnetic radiation detectors, to cause the one or more electromagnetic radiation emitters to emit pulses of light while also causing the one or more electromagnetic radiation detectors to detect levels of light absorption related to the pulses of ...

BINOCULAR BRIGHTNESS SENSITIVITY MEASUREMENT METHOD BASED ON WEARABLE DISPLAY DEVICE, DEVICE AND MOBILE TERMINAL

A binocular brightness sensitivity measurement method based on a wearable display device includes: loading a first test image and a second test image which has a brightness different from that of the first test image respectively for two eyes of a user under test; adjusting the brightness of the first test image and/or the second test image until a predefined brightness sensitivity perception test condition is fulfilled; acquiring a brightness difference between the first test image and the second test image; and determining a binocular brightness sensitivity of the user under test based on the brightness difference. 1. A binocular brightness sensitivity measurement method based on a wearable display device , comprising:loading a first test image and a second test image which has a brightness different from that of the first test image respectively for two eyes of a user under test;adjusting the brightness of the first test image and/or the second test image until a predefined brightness sensitivity perception test condition is fulfilled;acquiring a brightness difference between the first test image and the second test image; anddetermining a binocular brightness sensitivity of the user under test based on the brightness difference.2. The binocular brightness sensitivity measurement method based on a wearable display device according to claim 1 , wherein the first test image is a first static image claim 1 , and the second test image is a second static image; wherein image elements in the first static image or the second static image have the same brightness claim 1 , the first static image has a brightness different from that of the second static image claim 1 , and the brightness perception test condition is that the user under test perceives that the first static image and the second static image have the same brightness.3. The binocular brightness sensitivity measurement method based on a wearable display device according to claim 2 , further comprising: ...

Testing and determining a threshold value

This invention relates to testing and determining a threshold value used in psychometric testing in field of ophthalmology, neuro-ophthalmology and visual neuropsychology. The method comprises at least the following steps: a) displaying a symbol with a distinctive visual appearance and with a stimulus level to a display at a stimulus time-point, the symbol selected from a group of possible symbols, b) monitoring if a response is given on a response device with multiple choices, each choice representing a possible visual appearance or location of the symbol, and b1) if a response is not given in a response time-limit from the stimulus time-point, increasing the stimulus level of the symbol by a predetermined step and returning to step a), or b2) if a response is given in the response time-limit from the stimulus time-point, comparing the response to symbol displayed in step a), and c1) if the response does not correspond to the symbol displayed in step a), producing, e.g. displaying, an error feedback and returning to step a), or c2) if the response corresponds to the symbol displayed in step a), determining if stop criteria for the test is satisfied, and d1) if stop criteria for the test is not satisfied, decreasing the stimulus level by a predetermined step and returning to step a), or d2) if stop criteria for the test is satisfied, ending the test.

PERIMETER

A perimeter capable of acquiring, as a threshold SV, a value corresponding to a response result of a subject to an optotype presented with various brightness, for measurement points set across an entire measurement field of view of the ocular fundus, displaying the threshold SV as a threshold inspection result SHR and storing the same in a memory , comprises: a portion for obtaining a pattern deviation PDV of the threshold SV relating to each measurement point RG, from the threshold inspection result SHR; a portion for for obtaining a P value representing the obtained pattern deviation PDV for each measurement point RG as a probability variable, and generating a probability map image MAP indicating the measurement points RG separately for each P value; a portion for selecting, from an abnormal measurement point group RG of points in the probability map image MAP in which at least a prescribed number of measurement points having a P value at most equal to 5% are continuous, and, of those, for which at least a prescribed number of points have a P value at most equal to 1%, measurement points to be used as subsequent measurement points, until ten points have been reached; and a memory for storing the selected subsequent measurement points, wherein the selection of the subsequent measurement points is controlled in such a way that the measurement points RG are selected from the abnormal measurement point group in order of those having a good pattern deviation PDV. 1. A perimeter capable of acquiring , as a threshold , a value corresponding to a response result of an examinee to an stimulus presented with various brightness , for a first number of measurement points set across an entire measurement visual field of the ocular fundus of a subject eye , displaying the threshold as a map image of a threshold testing result and storing the same in a memory; comprising:a pattern deviation calculator that obtains a pattern deviation of the threshold relating to each measurement ...

Method for Determining a Filter for an Ophthalmic Lens as a Function of a Quantity Representing a Dynamic Sensitivity of the Eye of a Wearer to a Variation in a Luminous Flux

The invention relates to a method for determining a filter for an ophthalmic lens intended for being placed in front of the eye wearer, said filter being capable of improving or maintaining the visual comfort and/or the visual performance of said wearer. According to the invention, this method includes: 1. A method for determining a filter for an ophthalmic lens intended to be placed in front of an eye of a wearer , said filter being able to improve or to maintain visual comfort and/or visual performance of said wearer , characterized in that it includes:a) a step of determining a quantity representative of a dynamic sensitivity of the eye or of both eyes of the wearer to a variation in a light flux, andb) a step of determining at least one optical characteristic of said filter depending on the determined representative quantity.2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said quantity representative of the dynamic sensitivity of the eye of the wearer to the variation in light flux is representative of the evolution of the visual comfort and/or of the visual performance of the wearer as a function of the variation in the light flux.3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in step b) claim 1 , an optical transmission of the filter at at least one wavelength claim 1 , in at least one spatial zone of this filter claim 1 , is determined to be all the lower as the quantity representative of the dynamic sensitivity of the eye of the wearer claim 1 , i.e. the quantity determined in step a) claim 1 , indicates a low adaptation capacity with respect to a positive variation in the intensity of the light flux.4. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in step b) claim 1 , an optical transmission of the filter at at least one wavelength claim 1 , in at least one spatial zone of this filter claim 1 , is determined to be all the higher as the quantity representative of the dynamic sensitivity of the eye of the wearer claim 1 , i.e. the quantity ...

A METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING A PROPERTY OF AN EYE

Embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-implemented method of determining a parameter indicative of dark adaptation of an eye, comprising receiving threshold data from a dark adaptometer indicative of a perception threshold of the eye, fitting first and second models to the threshold data, wherein the first model is associated with a first dark adaptation mechanism and the second model is associated with the first dark adaption mechanism and a second dark adaptation mechanism, determining a confidence associated with the fitting of each of the first and second models to the received threshold data, iteratively repeating the steps of receiving the threshold data and fitting the first and second models in dependence on the determined confidence, and outputting an indication of one or more parameters indicative of dark adaptation of an eye associated with one or both of the first and second models. 1. A computer-implemented method of determining a parameter indicative of dark adaptation of an eye , comprising:receiving threshold data from a dark adaptometer indicative of a perception threshold of the eye;fitting first and second models to the threshold data, wherein the first model is associated with a first dark adaptation mechanism and the second model is associated with the first dark adaption mechanism and a second dark adaptation mechanism;determining a confidence associated with the fitting of each of the first and second models to the received threshold data;iteratively repeating the steps of receiving the threshold data and fitting the first and second models in dependence on the determined confidence; andoutputting an indication of one or more parameters indicative of dark adaptation of an eye associated with one or both of the first and second models.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the confidence comprises:determining a variance of each of the first and second models to the received threshold data;determining a covariance matrix ...

AUTOMATED PERIMETER

The invention relates to a perimeter or a campimeter with a visible fixation point and a method used in them. The method comprises at least the following steps: 215. A method according to claim 1 , characterized in that ambient light sensors () are used to adjust intensity i.e. luminance of the stimuli and fixation points during a test based on illumination of perimeter surface so that luminance contrast can be set at the desired level.3. A method according to claim 1 , characterized instarting the fixation point second visual appearance time interval less than 200 ms before the stimulus time-point or sometimes up to 1 second later, and/orending the fixation point second visual appearance time interval not later than 2 seconds, typically 0.5 . . . 1 second, after the stimulus time-point, or after the fixation point second visual appearance is shown, or after patient has responded.4. A method according to claim 1 , characterized in recording whether the patient activates the response device during a response time interval or not.5. A method according to claim 1 , characterized in producing a second stimulus shown to the patient at a second stimulus time-point after a stimulus time interval from either the previous stimulus time-point or the previous response time-point.6. A method according to claim 5 , characterized in varying one or more of:the stimulus time intervallight intensity of the stimulusstimulus sizestimulus colorstimulus location.7. A method according to claim 5 , characterized in varying the position of the fixation point shown to the patient.8. A method according to claim 1 , characterized in changing the fixation point to have a third visual appearance for a time interval near the stimulus time-point when the patient should not activate the response device even if he/she saw the stimulus.1015. A perimetry or a campimeter according to claim 9 , characterized in that ambient light sensors () are used to adjust intensity i.e. luminance of the stimuli and ...

METHODS AND SYSTEMS USING FRACTIONAL RANK PRECISION AND MEAN AVERAGE PRECISION AS TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY MEASURES

Disclosed herein are methods and systems of evaluating test-retest precision using fractional rank precision or mean-average precision, comprising: a) collecting a test and a retest result of each subject, wherein the results are described in feature space(s) and collected from a vision test machine; b) selecting, a first test result of a first subject; c) calculating distances from the first test result to the retest result of each subject; d) assessing, a similarity between the first test result and the retest result of each subject by ranking the distances in a non-descending order; e) assessing a rank precision for the first subject based on a rank of a distance from the first test result to the retest result of the first subject; f) repeating b), c), d), and e) for each subject; and evaluating, the test-retest precision based on the rank precision for each of the plurality of subjects. 1. A computer-implemented method of evaluating test-retest precision of a test and a retest of a plurality of subjects using fractional rank precision (FRP) or mean-average precision (MAP) , comprising:a) collecting, by a computer, a test result and a retest result of each of the plurality of subjects, wherein the test result and the retest result are described in one or more feature spaces and one of the test result and the retest result is collected from a vision test machine;b) selecting, by the computer, a first subject from the plurality of subjects and a first test result of the first subject;c) calculating, by the computer, distances from the first test result to the retest result of each of the plurality of subjects;d) assessing, by the computer, a similarity between the first test result and the retest result of each of the plurality of subjects by ranking the distances in a non-descending order;e) assessing, by the computer, a rank precision for the first subject based on a rank of a distance from the first test result to the retest result of the first subject;f) ...

OPHTHALMIC APPARATUS

A technology for achieving a reduction in size of an ophthalmic apparatus capable of performing a plurality of kinds of measurements performed before cataract surgery is provided. An ophthalmic apparatus is described that includes a refractive power measurement unit and an eyeball information measurement unit. The refractive power measurement unit is configured to project light from a light source onto a subject's eye and detect returning light thereof to determine refractive power of an ocular optical system of the subject's eye. The eyeball information measurement unit is configured to project light from the same light source onto the subject's eye and detect returning light thereof to determine eyeball information representing structure of the subject's eye. 1. An ophthalmic apparatus comprising:a refractive power measurement unit configured to project light from a light source onto a subject's eye and detect returning light thereof to determine refractive power of an ocular optical system of the subject's eye; andan eyeball information measurement unit configured to project light from the light source onto the subject's eye and detect returning light thereof to determine eyeball information representing structure of the subject's eye.2. The ophthalmic apparatus of claim 1 , wherein part of an optical path of the light from the light source formed by the refractive power measurement unit and part of an optical path of the light from the light source formed by the eyeball information measurement unit are common.3. The ophthalmic apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the refractive power measurement unit comprises:a projection system configured to project the light from the light source onto a fundus of the subject's eye through a pupil center of or through an optical center of an eyeball of the subject's eye,a light reception system configured to receive light that has passed through a peripheral portion that is apart from the pupil center of or from the optical center ...

Photobleaching Method

The present disclosure provides an improved method for photobleaching an eye of a subject. The disclosed method may be used in a number of psychophysical test methods, including, but not limited to, measurement of dark adaptation. The improved method for photobleaching involves at least one of the following improvements: (i) the use of a bleaching light emitting a particular wavelength of light or a tailored spectrum of wavelengths; (ii) restricting or otherwise spatially tailoring the region of the retina that is subject to photobleaching; and (iii) utilizing a bleaching light having an intensity that is at or below the intensity of ambient daylight. The present disclosure additionally provides a combination of a photobleaching light and an apparatus to administer a psychophysical test suitable for use in practicing the disclosed methods. 1. (canceled)2. (canceled)3. A method for photobleaching a subject's eye , the method comprising the steps of:a. spatially tailoring a region of a retina of the subject's eye that is subject to photobleaching by exposing only a selected region of the retina to a photobleaching light to photobleach at least a portion of at least one visual pigment in the selected region; andb. using a psychophysical test to monitor a response to the photobleaching light.4. The method of where the psychophysical test measures dark adaptation claim 3 , photopic sensitivity claim 3 , scotopic sensitivity claim 3 , visual acuity claim 3 , contrast sensitivity claim 3 , color sensitivity claim 3 , color discrimination claim 3 , visual field or a combination of the foregoing.5. The method of where the psychophysical test is colorimetry claim 3 , dark adaptometry claim 3 , a visual sensitivity test claim 3 , a contrast sensitivity test claim 3 , a spatial resolution acuity test claim 3 , a photostress test claim 3 , a flicker photometry test claim 3 , a Vernier acuity test claim 3 , a motion detection test claim 3 , an object recognition test or a ...

FUNCTIONAL BIOMARKERS FOR STATIN THERAPY IN AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD)

Methods of using visual functions such as dark adaptation, low luminance visual acuity, low luminance deficit, contrast sensitivity and scotopic sensitivity as functional biomarkers for statin therapy in AMD. These biomarkers can be used, for example, to support clinical trials of statin therapy for AMD by identifying participants more likely to respond, by providing an early indication of response, or by serving as an endpoint; or to support treatment of AMD patients with statins by identifying patients more likely to respond, by providing an early indication of responders vs. non-responders, or by confirming a treatment benefit. 1. A method for evaluating a response of a plurality of subjects in a clinical trial of a statin therapy for treatment of AMD , the method comprising the steps of:a. optionally identifying the plurality of subjects or having the plurality of subjects identified as having AMD;b. administering or having administered the statin therapy to the plurality of subjects;c. measuring or having measured one or more functional biomarkers in the plurality of subjects;d. determining or having determined a baseline value for each of the plurality of subjects from the one or more measurements of step c;e. measuring or having measured the one or more functional biomarkers in the plurality of subjects at one or more second or later time points;f. determining or having determined a corresponding subsequent value for each of the plurality of subjects from the one or more measurements of step e; andg. using as a clinical trial endpoint a comparison of the subsequent value to the baseline value or an earlier subsequent value; andh. optionally taking an action based on the clinical trial endpoint.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein measuring the one or more functional biomarkers comprises measuring one or more of dark adaptation claim 1 , low luminance visual acuity claim 1 , low luminance deficit claim 1 , contrast sensitivity claim 1 , or scotopic sensitivity.3 ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MEASUREMENT OF CONTRAST SENSITIVITY

An apparatus and method for evaluating a patient's contrast sensitivity. The apparatus including a table or chart with a plurality of shaded marks printed in cells in the table or chart. The shaded marks printed with a various contrasts with a log of Weber contrast ranging from −0.20 to −2.15. Where a subject marks an observed position of the shaded marks and a key is used to check the observed position against an actual position of the shaded mark to determine a threshold contrast of the subject. 1. An apparatus for measuring contrast sensitivity , the apparatus comprising:a table arranged in rows and columns of cells, the cells having a white background; anda plurality of shaded marks, each shaded mark of the plurality of shaded marks including a predetermined contrast relative to the background wherein one of the plurality of shaded marks is positioned in a particular horizontal alignment within one or more of the cells.2. The apparatus of further including:a key comprising a generally translucent or transparent material with a plurality of indicators identifying locations of the plurality of shaded marks, wherein the key is overlaid on top of the chart.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the table includes twenty-five rows and four columns of cells claim 1 , wherein the cells comprise elongated rectangles.4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein each of the plurality of elongated rectangles includes the shaded mark positioned in one of six positions within the elongated rectangle.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the shaded mark comprises a circular spot.6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the circular spot comprises a diameter of 9 mm.7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the contrast of each of the shaded marks comprise a log of Weber contrast ranging from −0.85 to −2.05 as an integral multiple of 0.058. The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the plurality of shaded marks in each of the rows comprise the same Weber contrast.9. The apparatus of claim 7 , ...

Apparatus for Use in the Measurement of Macular Pigment Optical Density and/or Lens Optical Density of an Eye

An apparatus for use in the measurement of the optical density of macular pigment in the human eye, and an apparatus for the use in measuring the lens optical density of a human eye. The apparatus is particularly applicable to flicker photometers, which are used to measure the macular pigment in the human eye. 1. An apparatus for use in the measurement of macular pigment optical density in an eye under examination , the apparatus comprising illumination means for illuminating an area with light of a rapidly repeating sequence of different colors , to provide a stimulus for said eye; intensity adjustment means for adjusting the intensity of light of one of the colors relative to light of another of the colors , until any flicker in the stimulus perceived by the eye is minimized or removed; measurement means for determining the intensity of light of said one of the colors at which said minimizing or removal of flicker occurs; wherein the apparatus includes size selection means for enabling the size of the stimulus to be selected from either a small size , in which all or most of the stimulus falls on the macula of the eye , or a large size , in which the stimulus extends to a portion of the retina of the eye at which there is substantially no macular pigment.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the apparatus includes viewing elements via which claim 1 , in use claim 1 , either stimulus is viewed by the eye under examination at a set minimum distance from the illuminated area that provides the stimuli claim 1 , so that the angle that each stimulus subtends at the eye is controlled or constrained.3. The apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the small stimulus subtends an angle of not more than 1.5° at the eye under examination.4. The apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein at least part of the large stimulus subtends an angle of at least 14° at the eye under examination.5. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein both stimuli are symmetric about a ...

METHOD FOR DETERMINING A RISK SCORE OF AN EYE DISEASE FOR A USER AND SYSTEM FOR THE EXECUTION OF SUCH METHOD

A method, implemented by a computer device, for determining a risk score of an eye disease for a user, the method including a first eye-mediated physiological parameter providing step, during which a first eye-mediated physiological parameter indicative of a first eye-mediated perception or behaviour of the user is provided, a second eye-mediated physiological parameter providing step, during which a second eye-mediated physiological parameter indicative of a second eye-mediated perception or behaviour of the user is provided, and a risk score determining step, during which the risk score of eye disease is determined based on the first eye-mediated physiological parameter and on the second eye-mediated physiological parameter. 1. A method , implemented by computer , for determining a risk score of an eye disease for a user , the method comprising:a first eye-mediated physiological parameter providing step, during which a first eye-mediated physiological parameter indicative of a first eye-mediated perception or behaviour of the user is provided,a second eye-mediated physiological parameter providing step, during which a second eye-mediated physiological parameter indicative of a second eye-mediated perception or behaviour of the user is provided, anda risk score determining step, during which the risk score of eye disease is determined based on the first eye-mediated physiological parameter and on the second eye-mediated physiological parameter.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first eye-mediated physiological parameter relates to the dark adaptation of at least one eye of the user claim 1 , and wherein the second eye-mediated physiological parameter relates to the pupil light reflex of at least one eye of the user and/or to the flicker sensitivity of at least one eye of the user.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first eye-mediated physiological parameter provided during the first eye-mediated physiological parameter providing step and/ ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS OF INFRAFRED PSYCHOPHYSICAL MEASUREMENT

A system for examination of an eye of a subject includes a laser for irradiating a select portion of the retina with a short pulse light having a wavelength of about 800 nm to about 1400 nm at an intensity effective to stimulate two photon induced isomerization of visual pigments in the select portion of the retina of the subject's eye, and an input device to permit the subject to input a reaction or response of the subject to the irradiating light. 1. A system for examination of an eye of a subject comprising:a laser for irradiating a selected portion of the retina with a short pulse light having a wavelength of about 800 nm to about 1400 nm at an intensity effective to stimulate two photon induced isomerization of visual pigments in the selected portion of the retina of the subject's eye, andan input device to permitting input of a reaction of the subject due to the two-photon induced isomerization of visual pigments in the selected portion of the retina of the subject's eye to the irradiating light.2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a controller capable of recording at least one of the following: a selected portion of the retina irradiated with the light claim 1 , the reaction of the subject to the irradiating light claim 1 , a time of the reaction claim 1 , the intensity of the irradiating light at the time of the reaction claim 1 , and the wavelength of the irradiating light at the time of the reaction.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the projecting device contains at least one of a galvo scanner claim 1 , a resonant scanner claim 1 , an amplitude mask claim 1 , a phase mask claim 1 , a modulating device as a chopper modulator or an optical modulator.4. The system of claim 1 , including means for choosing selected portions of the retina to be stimulated.5. The system of claim 4 , including means for identifying the selected portion on an image of the retina.6. The system of claim 2 , wherein the controller compares the at least one threshold ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR GUIDING A TEST SUBJECT THROUGH AN OPHTHALMIC TEST

Methods, apparatus, and systems for performing an ophthalmic diagnostic test are disclosed. In one aspect, a head-wearable device for administering an ophthalmic test to a subject can comprise a head-wearable frame for mounting the device onto the subject's head, and a light seal configured for coupling to the frame so as to isolate at least one eye of the subject from ambient light when the device is worn by the subject. 1295-. (canceled)296. An ophthalmic testing system for administering a ophthalmic test to at least one eye of a subject , the system comprising:a head-wearable frame comprising an internal surface configured to be at least partially placed against a portion of a face of the subject, the internal surface comprising at least one optical interface configured to optically couple the at least one eye of the test subject with the head-wearable frame;an optical system comprising at least one light source configured to emit and direct, onto the at least one eye of the subject, a stimulus light configured to stimulate the at least one eye;an electromechanical interface configured to receive a response from the subject that indicates recognition of the stimulus light;one or more processors coupled to the optical system;a memory coupled to the one or more processors; provide the subject with introductory information outlining procedures to follow in order to complete the ophthalmic test, the introductory information comprising a video of a sample ophthalmic test;', 'provide the subject with one or more commands for conducting at least one action required for carrying out the ophthalmic test, the at least one action comprising at least one of: fixating gaze and keeping the at least one eye open; and', 'direct the subject to provide one or more response signals via the electromechanical interface., 'one or more programs stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions that upon ...

Systems and methods for measuring visual function maps

A system can include a non-transitory memory to store machine readable instructions and data, and a processor to access the non-transitory memory and execute the machine-readable instructions. The machine-readable instruction can include a global module that can be programmed to generate a visual field map (VFM) model that can include a set of visual function map parameters for an entire visual field for a subject. The global module can be programmed to update the set of visual function map parameters corresponding to updating a shape of the VFM based on subject response data generated during each administration of a vision test to a subject.

ASSESSMENT OF LOW CONTRAST VISUAL SENSITIVITY

Devices, systems and methods are described that can facilitate automated administration of a low contrast visual acuity test to a user. The low contrast visual acuity test can be administered using a display device and a computing device. The computing device can score results of the low contrast visual acuity test and determine a visual status of the user based on the score. 1. A system comprising:a display device;a sensor to measure a property related to a distance between the display device and a user; a memory storing computer-executable instructions; and', launch at least one module related to a low contrast visual acuity test;', 'display a graphical user interface (GUI) on the display device, wherein the GUI corresponds to the low contrast visual acuity test;', 'calculate the distance between the display device and the user based on the property;', 'when the distance between the display device and the user is within a test value, administer the low contrast visual acuity test to the user using the GUI by executing the at least one module to present a series of images to a user;', 'receive inputs from the user via the GUI based on the series of images being presented to the user;', 'determine a score for the user based on a number of inputs comprising answers within a normal range; and', 'determine a visual status of the user based on the score., 'a processor to execute the computer-executable instructions to at least], 'a computing device comprising2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the GUI comprises an on-screen keyboard that allows the user to self-administer the low contrast visual acuity test.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one module comprises a Low Contrast Letter Acuity Test (LCLAT) module or a Contrast Sensitivity Vision Test (CSVT) module claim 1 ,wherein the LCLAT module presents vector-type images of optotypes of varying at least one of contrasts, colors, shadings, and sizes;wherein the CSVT module presents wavelike-gratings of ...

Method and Apparatus for the Detection of Impaired Dark Adaptation

The present method describes a new method for the measurement of dark adaptation. The dark adaptation status of subjects may then be used to identify those subjects who are at risk of developing and/or who are currently suffering from a variety of disease states having their clinical manifestations in impaired dark adaptation. The disease states include, but are not limited to, age related macular degeneration, vitamin A deficiency, Sorsby's Fundus Dystrophy, late autosomal dominant retinal degeneration, retinal impairment related to diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. An apparatus for administering the test method described is also provided. 1. A method for psychophysical measurement of dark adaptation in a subject , said method comprising the steps of:a. providing said subject;b. bleaching a test eye of said subject;c. presenting a target stimulus to said test eye of said subject;d. obtaining a response of said subject to said target stimulus and obtaining at least one threshold measurement; ande. extracting a rod intercept value from said at least one threshold measurement.2. The method of further comprising subjecting said at least one threshold measurement to a noise reduction protocol.3. The method of where the noise reduction protocol is a non-destructive noise reduction protocol.4. The method of where said non-destructive noise reduction protocol is selected from the group consisting of threshold guidance claim 3 , curve guidance and a combination of the foregoing.5. The method of where threshold guidance comprises comparing a presumptive threshold measurement to a base threshold measurement or a model-fit of said base threshold measurement claim 4 , determining if said presumptive threshold measurement falls within a predetermined window of said base threshold measurement or model-fit and discarding said presumptive threshold measurements that do not fall within said window or replacing said presumptive threshold measurements that do not fall within said ...

Method and Apparatus for the Detection of Impaired Dark Adaptation

The present method describes a new method for the measurement of dark adaptation. The dark adaptation status of subjects may then be used to identify those subjects who are at risk of developing and/or who are currently suffering from a variety of disease states having their clinical manifestations in impaired dark adaptation. The disease states include, but are not limited to, age related macular degeneration, vitamin A deficiency, Sorsby's Fundus Dystrophy, late autosomal dominant retinal degeneration, retinal impairment related to diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. An apparatus for administering the test method described is also provided. 1. An apparatus for psychophysical measurement of dark adaptation in a test eye of a subject , said apparatus comprising:a. a system for generating a target stimulus of a desired spectrum and intensity;b. a display for displaying said target stimulus to said test eye at a desired location, said display being in communication with said system;c. an input device to permit said subject to input a reaction of said subject to said target stimulus; andd. a controller in communication with said system, said display and said input device, said controller capable of controlling said system, recording at least one of the following: the reaction of said subject to said target stimulus, a time of said reaction, the intensity of said target stimulus at the time of said reaction and the spectrum of said target stimulus at the time of said reaction, and determining at least one threshold measurement or partial threshold curve from said recording; wherein said at least one threshold measurement or said partial threshold curve is predominately obtained in the second component of the rod mediated recovery.2. The apparatus of where the controller compares said at least one threshold measurement or said partial threshold curve to corresponding values from a comparative database comprising a population of individuals claim 1 , said controller ...

METHODS, APPARATUS, AND SYSTEMS FOR OPHTHALMIC TESTING AND MEASUREMENT

Methods, apparatus, and systems for performing an ophthalmic diagnostic test are disclosed. In one aspect, a head-wearable device for administering an ophthalmic test to a subject can comprise a head-wearable frame for mounting the device onto the subject's head, and a light seal configured for coupling to the frame so as to isolate at least one eye of the subject from ambient light when the device is worn by the subject.

Light Seal For A Head-Wearable Testing And Measurement Device and Related Methods

Methods, apparatus, and systems for performing an ophthalmic diagnostic test are disclosed. In one aspect, a head-wearable device for administering an ophthalmic test to a subject can comprise a head-wearable frame for mounting the device onto the subject's head, and a light seal configured for coupling to the frame so as to isolate at least one eye of the subject from ambient light when the device is worn by the subject.

APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR TESTING VISUAL FUNCTION AND FUNCTIONAL VISION AT VARYING LUMINANCE LEVELS

A test of visual function and/or functional vision may be performed at varying luminance levels. A first course may be selected for a subject. A given course may comprise a layout having a beginning point, at least one turn, at least one obstacle, and an ending point. The first course may be illuminated with a first luminance level based on an estimated lower light sensitivity cutoff. The subject may be prompted to perform a first run of the test. The test may comprise, from the beginning point to the ending point, navigating the layout of the first course by walking around the at least one turn and avoiding the at least one obstacle. A determination may be made as to whether the subject successfully completed the first course based on one or both of speed or accuracy. 1. A method for performing a test of visual function and/or functional vision at varying luminance levels , the method comprising:selecting a first course of a plurality of courses for a subject, a given one of the plurality of courses comprising a layout having a beginning point, at least one turn, at least one obstacle, and an ending point;illuminating the first course with a first luminance level based on an estimated lower light sensitivity cutoff, the estimated lower light sensitivity cutoff being the lowest light sensitivity at which the subject can successfully navigate a preliminary course of the plurality of courses when the estimated lower light sensitivity cutoff is measured;indicating to a subject to perform a first run of the test, the test comprising, from the beginning point to the ending point, navigating the layout of the first course by walking around the at least one turn and avoiding the at least one obstacle; anddetermining whether the subject successfully completed the first course based on one or both of speed or accuracy, speed describing the time to complete the first course, accuracy describing avoidance of obstacles.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject is required ...

Photobleaching device and method and dark adapted perimetry device and dark adapted perimetry method

A dark adapted perimetry device comprising a photobleaching device, a concave, array guide, the guide comprising a stimulus target array comprising a plurality of stimulus target light sources positioned within the guide and a control unit to selectively illuminate light sources comprised in the plurality of stimulus target light sources at a predetermined luminance is disclosed. The stimulus target light sources may be illuminated by a LED complex source comprising two or more LEDs. Also disclosed is a method using the perimetry device. A bleaching device comprising an eye piece for positioning the eye, a locator for moving the bleaching device into and out of the optical path, an imaging system for tracking the gaze direction or a fixation target, an illumination source and a bleach control device to control the brightness and pulse form of the illumination source is also disclosed along with a method of photobleaching.

OPHTHALMOLOGIC APPARATUS

An ophthalmologic apparatus includes a refractive power application unit, a storage unit, and a control unit. The refractive power application unit is configured to be capable of changing refractive power applied to a subject's eye. The storage unit stores at least a measurement value of eye refractive power obtained by a measurement performed for the subject's eye in the past. The control unit controls the refractive power application unit to selectively apply the measurement value and one or more refractive values different from the measurement value to the subject's eye in response to the input of an instruction to change refractive power applied to the subject's eye. 1. An ophthalmologic apparatus comprising:a refractive power application unit configured to be capable of changing refractive power applied to a subject's eye;a storage unit configured to store at least a measurement value of eye refractive power obtained by a measurement performed for the subject's eye in a past; anda control unit configured to control the refractive power application unit to selectively apply the measurement value and one or more refractive values different from the measurement value to the subject's eye in response to input of an instruction to change refractive power applied to the subject's eye.2. The ophthalmologic apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the one or more refractive values include one or more calculation values obtained based on the measurement value.3. The ophthalmologic apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising one operation unit configured to receive the input of the instruction to change refractive power applied to the subject's eye claim 1 , whereinthe control unit is configured to control the refractive power application unit to sequentially apply the measurement value and the one or more refractive values to the subject's eye each time predetermined operation is performed on the operation unit.4. The ophthalmologic apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the control unit ...

Assessment of low contrast visual sensitivity

Devices, systems and methods are described that can facilitate automated administration of a low contrast visual acuity test to a user. The low contrast visual acuity test can be administered using a display device and a computing device. The computing device can score results of the low contrast visual acuity test and determine a visual status of the user based on the score.

Vision test for determining retinal disease progression

The present invention provides a reading test to measure vision loss. In one embodiment, the vision loss is due to disease progression. The tests are useful in evaluating the effects of intervention in vision deterioration. The tests are non-invasive, simple, quick, sensitive, reproducible, and easy to administer. The tests measure the subject's reading speed and accuracy under defined conditions of illumination and contrast. The results of these tests may be used to determine if treatment of a disease should be initiated, terminated, altered, or remain unchanged.

PHOTOBLEACHING METHOD

The present disclosure provides an improved method for photobleaching an eye of a subject. The disclosed method may be used in a number of psychophysical test methods, including, but not limited to, measurement of dark adaptation. The improved method for photobleaching involves at least one of the following improvements: (i) the use of a bleaching light emitting a particular wavelength of light or a tailored spectrum of wavelengths; (ii) restricting or otherwise spatially tailoring the region of the retina that is subject to photobleaching; and (iii) utilizing a bleaching light having an intensity that is at or below the intensity of ambient daylight. The present disclosure additionally provides a combination of a photobleaching light and an apparatus to administer a psychophysical test suitable for use in practicing the disclosed methods. 1. A method for photobleaching a subject's eye , said method comprising the steps of:a. exposing at least a portion of a retina of the subject's eye to a photobleaching light having at least one of an intensity that is at or below the intensity of ambient daylight and a tailored wavelength spectra within the visible spectrum to photobleach at least a portion of at least one visual pigment in the retina;b. using a psychophysical test to monitor a response, wherein the exposure to the photobleaching light alters the response.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the photobleaching light accentuates or minimizes the response of a subset of photoreceptors to the photobleaching light.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the psychophysical test measures dark adaptation claim 1 , photopic sensitivity claim 1 , scotopic sensitivity claim 1 , visual acuity claim 1 , contrast sensitivity claim 1 , color sensitivity claim 1 , color discrimination claim 1 , visual field or a combination of the foregoing.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the psychophysical test is colorimetry claim 1 , dark adaptometry claim 1 , a visual sensitivity test claim 1 , ...

TESTING AND DETERMINING A THRESHOLD VALUE

This invention relates to testing and determining a threshold value used in psychometric testing in field of ophthalmology, neuro-ophthalmology and visual neuropsychology. The method comprises at least the following steps: 1. Method for testing and determining a threshold value in psychometric testing in field of ophthalmology , neuro-ophthalmology and visual neuropsychology , the method comprising at least following steps:{'b': 102', '101, 'a) displaying a symbol () with a distinctive visual appearance and with a stimulus level to a display () at a stimulus time-point, the symbol having been selected from a group of possible symbols,'}{'b': 103', '104', '105, 'b) monitoring if a response is given on a response device () with multiple choices (, ), each choice representing a possible visual appearance or location of the symbol, and'}b1) if a response is not given in a response time-limit from the stimulus time-point, increasing the stimulus level of the symbol by a predetermined step and returning to step a), or{'b': '102', 'b2) if a response is given in the response time-limit from the stimulus time-point, comparing the response to symbol () displayed in step a), and'}c1) if the response does not correspond to the symbol displayed in step a), producing an error feedback and returning to step a),d1) if stop criteria for the test is not satisfied, decreasing the stimulus level by a predetermined step and returning to step a), ord2) if stop criteria for the test is satisfied, ending the test.2. Method according to claim 1 , wherein said response time-limit is more than 0.5 seconds but less than 3 seconds.3. Method according to claim 1 , wherein said group of possible symbols comprises only two possible symbols.4. Method according to claim 1 , wherein said stimulus level of the symbol is the size of the symbol.5. Method according to claim 1 , wherein said stimulus level of the symbol is the contrast level of the symbol on the display.811-. (canceled)12. The method of ...

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING PRESBYOPIA

Configurations are disclosed for a health system to be used in various healthcare applications, e.g., for patient diagnostics, monitoring, and/or therapy. The health system may comprise a light generation module to transmit light or an image to a user, one or more sensors to detect a physiological parameter of the user's body, including their eyes, and processing circuitry to analyze an input received in response to the presented images to determine one or more health conditions or defects. 1. (canceled)2. The A wearable ophthalmic system for addressing presbyopia , the system comprising:a head-mounted display device having a display configured to be worn on a person, the display device configured to form an image in at least one eye of the person, wherein the display device comprises a light source configured to output light for propagation into the at least one eye to form the image;a sensor configured to determine an orientation of a gaze of each eye of the person; andan adaptive optics element through which light from an ambient environment and the light output from the light source are directed to the person, determine a convergence point of the eyes of the person, and', 'modify respective focuses of the light from the ambient environment and the light output from the light source, using the adaptive optics element, based on the convergence point, wherein a degree of modification of the respective focuses varies for convergence points at different distances from the person., 'wherein the ophthalmic system is configured to3. The device of claim 2 , wherein the orientation of the gaze of the person is determined based on a position of a head of the person.4. The device of claim 3 , further comprising gyroscopic sensors configured to determine the position of a head of the person.5. The device of claim 2 , wherein the orientation of the gaze of the person is determined by tracking a position of the eye.6. The device of claim 2 , further comprising a waveguide ...

WEARABLE BINOCULAR OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICE FOR MEASURING LIGHT SENSITIVITY THRESHOLD OF A USER

Disclosed is a binocular optoelectronic device wearable by a user for measuring a light sensitivity threshold of the user, including: a diffuser configured to face eyes of the user; at least one light source for emitting light toward the diffuser. The diffuser includes predetermined parameters allowing to provide a quasi-homogeneous light diffusion to at least one eye of the user from light emitted by the at least one light source. 2. The binocular optoelectronic device according to claim 1 , wherein said predetermined parameters comprise at least one among: shape claim 1 , geometry and material of the diffuser.3. The binocular optoelectronic device according to claim 1 , wherein said predetermined parameters allow to provide a light diffusion with a homogeneity of at least 55%.4. The binocular optoelectronic device according to claim 1 , the homogeneity being determined based on the luminance distribution diffused by the diffuser and projected on a planar measuring surface claim 1 , wherein the homogeneity is determined with regard to at least one predetermined area of said planar measuring surface.5. The binocular optoelectronic device according to claim 4 , wherein said at least predetermined area is circular.6. The binocular optoelectronic device according to claim 5 , wherein said predetermined parameters allows to provide a light diffusion with a homogeneity of:{'sup': '2', 'at least 55% with a predetermined area equal or lower than 4245 mm, and/or'}{'sup': '2', 'at least 74% with a predetermined area equal or lower than 1060 mm, and/or'}{'sup': '2', 'at least 76% with a predetermined area equal or lower than 470 mm, and/or'}{'sup': '2', 'at least 84% with a predetermined area equal or lower than 115 mm, and/or'}{'sup': '2', 'at least 85% with a predetermined area equal or lower than 29 mm.'}7. The binocular optoelectronic device according to claim 1 , wherein said diffuser is concave.8. The binocular optoelectronic device according to claim 7 , wherein said ...

MEASURING DARK ADAPTATION

Methods, systems, and devices are provided for measuring dark adaptation of one or both eyes of a patient, and more particularly, for measuring dark adaptation with a mobile device application. An exemplary method includes exposing an eye of a patient to a light source to bleach a retinal location of the eye, displaying on a mobile device a figure with a luminance and waiting until the patient communicates with the mobile device to acknowledge that the patient can see the figure, measuring and recording a level of the luminance and a time period between first displaying the figure and the patient communicating with the mobile device, continuing to display additional figures with decreasing luminance one at a time, and determining by a processor dark adaptation measurements of the patent based on the measured and recorded luminance and time periods. 1. A method for measuring dark adaptation characteristics comprising:exposing at least one eye of a patient to a light source to bleach a retinal location of the at least one eye;displaying to the at least one eye on a mobile device a figure with a luminance and waiting until the patient communicates with the mobile device to acknowledge that the patient can see the figure;measuring and recording a level of the luminance and a time period between first displaying the figure and the patient communicating with the mobile device;continuing to display additional figures with decreasing luminance one at a time until the patient communicates with the mobile device to acknowledge that the patient can see each additional figure and to measure and record each decreasing luminance and each time period between first displaying each additional figure and the patient communicating with the mobile device until either a maximum allowable time period has expired or an additional figure with a lowest possible luminance has been displayed by the mobile device and acknowledged by the patient; anddetermining, by a processor, dark adaptation ...

Methods and systems for diagnosing and treating presbyopia

Configurations are disclosed for a health system to be used in various healthcare applications, e.g., for patient diagnostics, monitoring, and/or therapy. The health system may comprise a light generation module to transmit light or an image to a user, one or more sensors to detect a physiological parameter of the user's body, including their eyes, and processing circuitry to analyze an input received in response to the presented images to determine one or more health conditions or defects.

Method and system for rendering virtual content

A waveguide apparatus includes a planar waveguide and at least one optical diffraction element (DOE) that provides a plurality of optical paths between an exterior and interior of the planar waveguide. A phase profile of the DOE may combine a linear diffraction grating with a circular lens, to shape a wave front and produce beams with desired focus. Waveguide apparati may be assembled to create multiple focal planes. The DOE may have a low diffraction efficiency, and planar waveguides may be transparent when viewed normally, allowing passage of light from an ambient environment (e.g., real world) useful in AR systems. Light may be returned for temporally sequentially passes through the planar waveguide. The DOE(s) may be fixed or may have dynamically adjustable characteristics. An optical coupler system may couple images to the waveguide apparatus from a projector, for instance a biaxially scanning cantilevered optical fiber tip.

Methods and systems for diagnosing and treating presbyopia

In order to diagnose, monitor, and treat health conditions and ailments, including ophthalmic as well as other conditions and ailments, a wearable ophthalmic system for addressing presbyopia is proposed and includes: a display device; a sensor configured to determine an orientation of a gaze of the person; and an adaptive optics element through which light from an ambient environment and the light output from the light source are directed to the person, wherein the adaptive optics element is configured to modify respective focuses of the light from the ambient environment and the light output from the light source in the eye based on the orientation of the gaze of the person. The display device comprises: a stacked waveguide assembly comprising transmissive beamsplitter substrates configured to be worn on a person and to output light into an eye of the person to form an image in the eye, wherein the transmissive beamsplitter substrates are waveguides, and wherein at least one of the transmissive beamsplitter substrates is configured to project light appearing to originate from a different depth plane than an other of the transmissive beamsplitter substrates; and a light source configured to output light, for forming the image, into the stacked waveguide assembly.

Methods and systems for diagnosing contrast sensitivity

Configurations are disclosed for a health system to be used in various healthcare applications, e.g., for patient diagnostics, monitoring, and/or therapy. The health system may comprise a light generation module to transmit light or an image to a user, one or more sensors to detect a physiological parameter of the user's body, including their eyes, and processing circuitry to analyze an input received in response to the presented images to determine one or more health conditions or defects.

Augmented and virtual reality display systems and methods for diagnosing health conditions based on visual fields

Configurations are disclosed for a health system to be used in various healthcare applications, e.g., for patient diagnostics, monitoring, and/or therapy. The health system may comprise a light generation module to transmit light or an image to a user, one or more sensors to detect a physiological parameter of the user's body, including their eyes, and processing circuitry to analyze an input received in response to the presented images to determine one or more health conditions or defects.

Methods and systems for diagnosing and treating health ailments

Configurations are disclosed for a health system to be used in various healthcare applications, e.g., for patient diagnostics, monitoring, and/or therapy. The health system may comprise a light generation module to transmit light or an image to a user, one or more sensors to detect a physiological parameter of the user's body, including their eyes, and processing circuitry to analyze an input received in response to the presented images to determine one or more health conditions or defects.

Augmented and virtual reality display systems and methods for diagnosing health conditions based on visual fields

Configurations are disclosed for a health system to be used in various healthcare applications, e.g., for patient diagnostics, monitoring, and/or therapy. The health system may comprise a light generation module to transmit light or an image to a user, one or more sensors to detect a physiological parameter of the user's body, including their eyes, and processing circuitry to analyze an input received in response to the presented images to determine one or more health conditions or defects.

Methods and systems for diagnosing and treating presbyopia

Configurations are disclosed for a health system to be used in various healthcare applications, e.g., for patient diagnostics, monitoring, and/or therapy. The health system may comprise a light generation module to transmit light or an image to a user, one or more sensors to detect a physiological parameter of the user's body, including their eyes, and processing circuitry to analyze an input received in response to the presented images to determine one or more health conditions or defects.

Method for Determining a Filter for a Transparent Support Based on a Determined Individual Light Sensitivity

The invention provides a method for determining at least one filter for a transparent support, the method comprising the following steps: —determining a quantity representative of a light sensitivity threshold of the user; —determining, for each light environment among a group of light environments, an index representative of the level of protection required by the user; —determining a score for each light environment among the group of light environments () and for each filter among a group of filters, said score being representative of the capacity of the filter to reach the level of protection required by the user, determining at least one filter among the group of filters based on the scores of said at least one filter in a plurality of light environments () among the group of light environments. 1. A method for determining at least one filter for a transparent support able to improve or to maintain the visual comfort and/or visual performance of a user , the method comprising:determining a quantity representative of a light sensitivity threshold of the user;determining, for each light environment among a group of light environments, an index representative of the level of protection required by the user;determining a score for each light environment among the group of light environments and for each filter among a group of filters, said score being representative of the capacity of the filter to reach the level of protection required by the user;determining at least one filter among the group of filters based on the scores of said at least one filter in a plurality of light environments among the group of light environments.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the group of light environments is selected among a set of environments; each environment of the set of environments being associated with a given light level.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the environments of the set of environments are associated with light levels different from ...

Spectrally adjustable ocular photosensitivity analyzer

Ocular photosensitivity analyzer. In an embodiment, a programmable light source, comprising a plurality of multi-spectra light modules, is configured to emit light according to a lighting condition. For one or a plurality of iterations, the programmable light source is activated to emit the light according to the lighting condition, and collect a response, by a subject, to the emitted light via a sensing system comprising one or more sensors. Between iterations, the programmable light source may be reconfigured based on the response to determine a visual photosensitivity threshold of the subject.

FEATURES

增强现实脉冲血氧定量法

一个实施例涉及包括以下的系统：头戴式构件，其可拆卸地耦接到用户的头部；一个或多个电磁辐射发射器，其耦接到头戴式构件并被配置为沿着用户的至少一个眼睛发射具有至少两个不同波长的光；一个或多个电磁辐射检测器，其耦接到头戴式构件并且被配置为接收在遇到眼睛的至少一个血管之后所反射的光；以及控制器，其可操作地耦接到一个或多个电磁辐射发射器和检测器，并且被配置为使一个或多个电磁辐射发射器发出光脉冲，同时还使所述一个或多个电磁辐射检测器检测与所发射的光脉冲相关的光吸收的水平，并产生与血管中的血氧饱和度水平成比例的输出。

用于诊断和治疗健康疾病的方法和系统

公开了用于在各种医疗应用中使用的健康系统的配置，例如，用于患者诊断、监测和/或治疗。所述健康系统可以包括：光生成模块，用于向用户传输光或图像；一个或多个传感器，用于检测用户身体(包括其眼睛)的生理参数；以及处理电路，用于分析响应于所呈现的图像所接收的输入，以确定一个或多个健康状况或缺陷。

穿戴式增强现实装置和穿戴式虚拟现实装置

本申请公开了穿戴式增强现实装置和穿戴式虚拟现实装置。一种被配置成由佩戴者佩戴的穿戴式增强现实装置，所述显示装置包括：增强现实头戴式眼科系统，包括增强现实显示器，所述增强现实头戴式眼科系统被配置成将来自世界的光传送到佩戴所述头戴式系统的佩戴者的眼睛中；光源，被配置成将光投射到所述佩戴者的所述眼睛中，以在所述眼睛中形成移动图像；以及用户接口，被配置成接收来自用户的输入，其中，所述穿戴式增强现实装置被配置成将所述图像投射在所述佩戴者的视野的外围的特定部分处，并且检测关于所述图像的响应，以确定所述视野的所述部分的健康。

Ophthalmic apparatus

Method and devices for testing eye refraction

提供用于眼睛的折射确定、例如用于客观的折射确定和/或主观的折射确定的移动计算机装置和系统。在此，所述移动计算机装置（10）的显示部（11）可以被操控用于显示用于折射确定的图像。

Augmented Reality Pulse Oximy Tree

일 실시예는 사용자의 머리에 제거가능하게 커플링가능한 머리-장착 부재; 머리-장착 부재에 커플링되고, 사용자의 눈들 중 적어도 하나를 향하여 적어도 2개의 상이한 파장을 가지는 광을 방출하도록 구성된 하나 또는 그 초과의 전자기 방사선 방출기들; 머리-장착 부재에 커플링되고, 사용자 눈의 적어도 하나의 혈관에 부딪힌 후 반사된 광을 수신하도록 구성된 하나 또는 그 초과의 전자기 방사선 검출기들; 및 하나 또는 그 초과의 전자기 방사선 방출기들 및 검출기들에 동작가능하게 커플링되고, 하나 또는 그 초과의 전자기 방사선 방출기들이 광의 펄스들을 방출하게 하면서 또한 하나 또는 그 초과의 전자기 방사선 검출기들이 방출된 광의 펄스들에 관련된 광의 흡수 레벨들을 검출하게 하고, 그리고 혈관의 산소 포화도 레벨에 비례하는 출력을 생성하도록 구성된 제어기를 포함하는 시스템에 관한 것이다.

Vision adaptability measuring device - comprises opaque mask with lens excluding extraneous light and mounting electroluminescent diode

A kind of dark adaptation detection device

本发明提供的暗适应检测设备，可分别产生明适应检测环境、暗适应检测环境及相应的不同亮度等级和不同形式的暗视标，用主控制器控制实现各环境的自动切换及对被检者响应的判断，被检者眼睛的状态通过摄像头，在显示屏上显示，可以观察明适应或者暗适应环境下眼球的运动状态，作为客观检查的依据，使检查过程和结果客观准确。同时本发明带有自动稳光系统，可以减少由器件发热或者老化带来的系统误差。

Eye test device

METHOD FOR DETERMINING A FILTER FOR AN OPHTHALMIC LENS AS A FUNCTION OF A QUANTITY REPRESENTING A DYNAMIC SENSITIVITY OF A WEARER'S EYE TO A VARIATION IN A LUMINOUS FLUX

Multifunction ophthalmic examination apparatus

本发明提供一种多功能眼科检查装置。具备各自深度不同的浅底半球型屏(1B)、以及作为由该浅底半球型屏(1B)和半球型屏(1)的周缘部分构成的半球型屏(1)整体的深底半球型屏(1A)。多功能眼科检查装置根据所实施的眼科检查的种类，以深底半球型屏(1A)和浅底半球型屏(1B)的其中一个处于由投影仪(2)投影眼科检查图像的位置的方式，驱动深底半球型屏(1A)或浅底半球型屏(1B)。在该状态下，投影仪(2)向深底半球型屏(1A)和浅底半球型屏(1B)的其中一个投影眼科检查用图像，由此，提供了能够利用半球型屏进行各种眼科检查的多功能眼科检查装置。

Systems and methods for measuring visual function maps

A system can include a non-transitory memory to store machine-readable instructions and data, and a processor to access the non-transitory memory and execute the machine-readable instructions. The machine-readable instruction can include a global module that can be programmed to generate a visual field map (VFM) model that can include a set of visual function map parameters for an entire visual field for a subject. The global module can be programmed to update the set of visual function map parameters corresponding to updating a shape of the VFM based on subject response data generated during each administration of a vision test to a subject.

One kind stimulating sighting target test macro for different photosensory cell dynamic visions

本发明涉及一种针对不同感光细胞动态视觉刺激视标测试系统，包括视标元素生成模块、视标参数控制模块和视标呈现模块，所述的视标元素生成模块用于生成视标元素，所述的视标元素为具有特定颜色和大小的圆形；所述的视标参数控制模块包括视标大小控制模块和视标速度控制模块；所述的视标大小控制模块根据输入的参数对视标大小进行控制；所述的视标速度控制模块根据输入的参数对视标运动的速度进行控制；所述的视标呈现模块用于呈现视标背景、视标运动模式和测试流程。

Methods and systems for diagnosing and treating health ailments

In order to diagnose, monitor, and treat health conditions and ailments, including ophthalmic as well as other conditions and ailments, a wearable augmented reality device is proposed and includes an augmented reality head-mounted ophthalmic system comprising an augmented reality display platform comprising: a frame configured to be worn on the head of a wearer wearing the head-mounted system; and a display attached to the frame, the display comprising a waveguide stack configured to pass light from the world into an eye of the wearer and a light source configured to provide light for generating virtual content, wherein the waveguide stack comprises a plurality of waveguides, each waveguide of the plurality of waveguides comprising in-coupling diffractive optical elements configured to in-couple light provided by the light source and out-coupling diffractive optical elements configured to out-couple in-coupled light to the eye of the wearer, wherein one or more waveguides of the plurality of waveguides are configured to output in-coupled light to an eye of the wearer with a different amount of wavefront divergence than one or more other waveguides of the plurality of waveguides, wherein different amounts of wavefront divergence are associated with different accommodation by the eye, and wherein the outputted light with different amounts of wavefront divergence forms virtual objects at different perceived depths away from the wearer, wherein each waveguide of the plurality of waveguides is configured to guide light therein by total internal reflection between opposing surfaces of the waveguide. The device further includes a medication delivery system configured to deliver medication to the eye of the wearer, wherein the augmented reality head-mounted ophthalmic system is configured to: display a visual cue on the display; and provide an alert to the wearer to focus on the visual cue while the medication is delivered.

Binocular brightness sensitivity measurement method and device based on wearable display device and mobile terminal

一种基于可穿戴显示设备的双目亮度敏感度测量方法，包括以下步骤：针对被测用户的双眼分别加载第一测试图像以及加载亮度不同于第一测试图像的第二测试图像；调整该第一测试图像和/或第二测试图像的亮度直至达到预设的亮度感知测试条件；获取该第一测试图像和第二测试图像的亮度差；以及根据该亮度差确定被测用户的双眼亮度敏感度。