УСТРОЙСТВО И СПОСОБ ДЛЯ ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ ДИАЛИЗА

Группа изобретений относится к медицинской технике. Устройство для проведения диализа содержит корпус одноразового использования, имеющий проток диализата, содержащий диализат, полученный от пациента, из которого в процессе обработки удаляют загрязняющие вещества, при этом указанный корпус одноразового использования содержит камеру хранения, которая находится в соединении с протоком диализата и служит для хранения диализата. Блок управления предназначен для управления потоком диализата в протоке диализата в указанном корпусе одноразового использования. Устройство сопряжения выполнено с возможностью соединения блока управления и корпуса одноразового использования для удаления загрязняющих веществ из диализата. Средство перемещения текучей среды выполнено с возможностью перемещения диализата вдоль протока диализата и содержит деформируемую диафрагму, выполненную как единое целое по меньшей мере с одной стенкой указанной камеры хранения. Проток герметизирован от блока управления и от устройства ...

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ СОРБЦИОННОЙ ОЧИСТКИ ОТРАБОТАННОГО ДИАЛИЗАТА

Изобретение относится к медицинской технике. Устройство для сорбционной очистки отработанного диализирующего или перитонеального растворов содержит полый корпус, наполненный сорбентом, два фильтра для крупнодисперсной и среднедисперной фильтрации и две крышки со штуцерами для подключения магистралей. Корпус имеет подковообразную форму с горловинами, имеющими пазы под уплотнительные кольца и пазы для крепления крышек. Крышки располагаются на горловинах и имеют крепежные выступы для крепления к горловинам корпуса. Внутренняя полость корпуса имеет подковообразную форму, сужающуюся к горловинам. Фильтры располагаются в горловинах корпуса. Штуцеры для подключения магистралей направлены в одну сторону. Выходная крышка имеет датчик проводимости для контроля состава очищенного раствора, включающий разъем, установленный с внешней стороны крышки, и подсоединенные к нему контакты из нержавеющей стали, один из которых выполнен в форме кольца, вклеенного в выходную крышку, а второй - в форме иглы, установленной ...

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ СОРБЦИОННОЙ ОЧИСТКИ ОТРАБОТАННОГО ДИАЛИЗАТА

Устройство для сорбционной очистки отработанного диализирующего или перитонеального растворов, содержащее корпус, крупнодисперсные и среднедисперсные фильтры и две крышки со штуцерами для подключения магистралей, отличающееся тем, что профиль корпуса устройства имеет подковообразную форму, штуцеры для подключения магистралей расположены с одной стороны, выходная крышка имеет датчик проводимости для контроля состава очищенного раствора, состоящий из разъема, установленного с внешней стороны крышки, и подсоединенных к нему контактов из нержавеющей стали, один из которых выполнен в форме кольца, а второй - в форме иглы, установленной в геометрическом центре первого контакта при помощи предусмотренной в выходной крышке крестовины.

СПОСОБЫ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ПЕРИТОНЕАЛЬНОГО ДИАЛИЗА

... 1. Система, включающая: ! первый трубопровод для текучей среды, который переносит поток текучей среды из брюшинной полости пользователя; ! разделитель, который разделяет поток текучей среды на относительно богатую белком фракцию и относительно безбелковую фракцию, где относительно богатая белком фракция составляет в среднем по меньшей мере 15 об.% от потока текучей среды в течение по меньшей мере некоторого периода времени; ! и линию обработки, которая обрабатывает по меньшей мере часть относительно богатой белком фракции для получения фракции модифицированного диализата; и ! второй трубопровод для текучей среды, который вводит по меньшей мере часть фракции модифицированного диализата в брюшинную полость. ! 2. Система по п.1, в которой относительно богатая белком фракция составляет в среднем по меньшей мере 40 об.% от фракции использованного диализата по меньшей мере в течение некоторого периода времени. ! 3. Система по п.1, в которой относительно богатая белком фракция составляет в среднем ...

VORRICHTUNG ZUR AUSSERKÖRPERLICHEN BLUTBEHANDLUNG

COMPUTER-CONTROLLED MEDICAL CARE SYSTEM

MACROMOLECULAR CARBONYL GROUPS-CONTAINING MATERIAL SUITABLE FOR USE AS SORBENT FOR UREA

GERÄT FÜR DIE PLASMAREINIGUNG IN KOMBINATION MIT PLASMAADSORPTION-PERFUSION DURCH VERWENDUNG EINES TRIKOMPARTIMENT-DIALYSATORS

METHOD FOR REMOVING UREMIC WASTES FROM DIALYSING FLUID IN AN ARTIFICIAL KIDNEY

... 1461634 Purifying dialysing fluid TAKEDA YAKUHIN KOGYO KK 27 Feb 1974 [27 Feb 1973] 8853/74 Heading B1X Uremic wastes are removed from dialysing fluid in an artificial kidney of the recycle type by treating artificial kidney dialysing fluid with activated carbon and gel-type alumina. The dialysate may be treated with a mixture of the carbon and alumina, or successively with the carbon and alumina or the alumina and the carbon e.g. packed in respective columns. The gel-type alumina may comprise up to 30% by weight of silica, based on the total weight. Reference has been directed by the comptroller to Specification 1406133.

RECIRCULATING DIALYSATE SYSTEM

... 1316355 Recirculating dialysis fluid; filters CCI AEROSPACE CORP 17 June 1970 [30 June 1969] 29341/70 Headings B1D and B1X Used dialysis fluid is recycled by pump 12 through columns 22, 36 for purification before re-admittance to an artificial kidney 11. The column 22 contains zirconium phosphate, urease and diatomaceous earth to break urea into ammonium salts whilst the column 22 contains activated carbon over a layer of hydrated zirconium oxide for further purification. The apparatus also includes a dialysis fluid reservoir 48, to accommodate the increase in volume arrising from the fluid withdrawn from a patient, and a reservoir 59 which contains a dialysis fluid re-constitution solution containing for example, magnesium and calcium salts.

HEMODIALYSIS SYSTEMS

DIALYSIS DEVICE

METHOD FOR EXTRACTING UREA FROM BLOOD WASHING EFFLUENTS OR FROM BLOOD LIQUIDS

DIALYZER

... 1470206 Dialysis apparatus TAKEDA YAKUHIN KOGYO KK 19 Sept 1974 [19 Sept 1973 2 May 1974] 40969/74 Heading B1X A combined dialyser and adsorber unit comprises a core member and a sleeve member around the core, are of the members being a dialyser and the other an adsorber, for regenerating spent dialysate in situ, with an inlet and outlet and dialysate distribution means for directing the flow of dialysate through the adsorber from the inlet to the outlet and through the dialyser. In one embodiment, the core 10 may be the adsorber container 13 with an inlet 22a and an outlet 16, and the sleeve 11 the dialyser. In another embodiment, not shown, the inverse arrangement is envisaged. The adsorber container may comprise a mass of adsorbent material 12 (12a), optionally mixed with dialysate, both in the form of granules. The adsorbents listed include activated carbon and carbon paper, aluminium oxide, ion exchange resins and enzymes. The dialyser may be a coiled tube, a capillary tube or a plate ...

PORTABLE HEMODIALYSIS MACHINE AND DISPOSABLE CARTRIDGE

PORTABLE HEMODIALYSIS MACHINE AND DISPOSABLE CARTRIDGE

PORTABLE HEMODIALYSIS MACHINE AND DISPOSABLE CARTRIDGE

PORTABLE HEMODIALYSIS MACHINE AND DISPOSABLE CARTRIDGE

DIALYSIS WITH ULTRAFILTRIERUNG

DIALYSAT REGENERATIONSEINHEIT

DIALYSIERVORRICHTUNG MIT SELEKTIVER CHEMISCHER AKTIVITAET

VORRICHTUNG FUER HAEMODIALYSEBEHANDLUNGEN

PORTABLE ARTIFICIAL KIDNEY WITH REGENERATION SYSTEM

ADSORBENT FOR REGENERATION DIALYSEFLUSSIGKEIT OR FOR THE DISTANCE OF UREMI IMPURITIES FROM ONE DIALYSEFLUSSIGKEIT FUR A AFTER THE CIRCULATION METHOD WORKING KUNSTLICHE KIDNEY

SYSTEM FOR THE PERITONEALDIALYSE

MACROMOLECULAR CARBONYLGRUPPEN CONTAINING PRODUCTS AND USE FOR THE EXTRACTION OF UREA.

MECHANISM AS A CHECK AND ADJUSTMENT OF THE DIALYSATFLUSSES IN A HÄMODIAFILTRATIONSVERFAHREN

Portable dialysis machine

H:\mhiutewovn\N~orbf\CC\MH56030_Lducx-1/03j2(08 The specification discloses a portable dialysis machine having a detachable controller unit and base unit. The controller unit includes a door having an interior face, a housing with a panel, where the housing and panel define a recessed region configured to receive the interior face of the door, and a manifold receiver fixedly attached to the panel. The base unit has a planar surface for receiving a container of fluid, a scale integrated with the planar surface, a heater in thermal communication with the planar surface, and a sodium sensor in electromagnetic communication with the planar surface. Embodiments of the disclosed portable dialysis system have improved structural and functional features, including improved modularity, ease of use, and safety features. WO 2012/108910 PCT/US2011/053184 201 211 210 ...

Sorbent for a dialysis device and dialysis system

The invention relates to a sorbent for removing metabolic waste products from a dialysis liquid, the sorbent comprising a soluble source of sodium ions. The sorbent comprises an ion exchange system which converts urea to ammonium ions and which is configured to exchange ammonium ions for predominantly hydrogen ions and to exchange Ca, Mg, and K for predominantly sodium ions. The soluble source of sodium ions overcomes an initial drop in sodium concentration in regenerated dialysate. When used in conjunction with an infusion system configured to utilise exchange of Ca, Mg and K for sodium during dialysate regeneration a desired sodium ion concentration can be maintained.

Apparatus and method for generating dialysate for dialysis

The invention relates to an apparatus for generating dialysate for dialysis comprising a dialysate outlet (7) and a dialysate inlet (6) and dialysate purifying means, wherein the purifying means comprise a cryopurifier for generating pure water, wherein the inlet (101) of the cryopurifier is connected to the dialysate outlet (7) and the outlet (125) of the cryopurifier is connected to the dialysate inlet (6). The invention also relates to a method for reclaiming of fresh dialysate from ultrafiltrate and wasted dialysate extracted from a dialysis patient, comprising the following steps: (a) preparing an ice slurry from the dialysate, wherein the ice slurry contains ice crystals and a liquid containing solutes; and (b) separating the ice crystals from the liquid containing the solutes.

Virtual kidney donation

A system includes a dialyzer having a blood side and a dialysate side, a first extracorporeal circuit including one or more first fluid connectors for connecting the blood side of the dialyzer to the vascular system of a kidney patient, a second extracorporeal circuit including one or more second fluid connectors for connecting the dialysate side of the dialyzer to the vascular system of a healthy animal, a first pump in fluid communication with at least one of the first and second extracorporeal circuits, and a driver mechanically coupled to the first pump, where the driver is configured to drive the first pump using energy from an energy source.

Systems and methods of microfluidic membraneless exchange using filtration of extraction fluid outlet streams

Peritoneal dialysis methods and apparatus

A peritoneal-based ("bloodless") artificial kidney processes peritoneal fluid without need for additional fluids ("waterless"). Fluid is separated into a protein-rich stream and a protein-free stream. The protein-rich stream is regenerated using a sorbent assembly, and its protein composition can be modified by removal of selected protein(s) ("dialysate-pheresis"). It is then reconstituted with additives and returned into the peritoneal cavity, thereby reducing protein-loss and providing oncotic-pressure for ultrafiltration. The protein-free stream is used to produce free water, and an alkaline or acid fluid for optimization of the composition of the regenerated stream. The unused protein-free stream can be used to "reverse flush" the separator to maintain its patency and the excess discarded for fluid-balance regulation. Compared to prior art, immobilization of urease allows more protein rich fluid to be regenerated and re-circulated into the peritoneal cavity for toxin removal and allows ...

Wearable kidney

Two stage hemofiltration that generates replacement fluid

Method for treating dialysate, dialysis system, and method for pre-evaluating dialysis patients for treatment with same

A method for treating dialysate solutions used in dialysis wherein dialysate is treated in an early part of a dialysis treatment session by external infusion of bicarbonate solution into the dialysate circuit to eliminate the need for bicarbonate requirements in concentrates used for preparation of precursor dialysate (priming) solutions and/or for a solid bicarbonate layer in a sorbent cartridge. Dialysate is treated in a latter part of a dialysis treatment session by introduction of sterile dilution water to reduce sodium concentration in the dialysate. The method provides a more efficient and reduced use of dialysate fluids, electrolytes, sorbent cartridge materials, equipment scale, or any combinations of these, while maintaining purity standards and applicable physiological ranges for bicarbonate, sodium, and other dialysate solution components over the course of a dialysis treatment session.

A flow system of a dialysis device and a portable dialysis device

Degassing system for dialysis

The degassing system can include a degassing vessel and can utilize a vacuum pump and a fluid pump located downstream of the degassing vessel to control the pressure within the degassing vessel in order to control the concentration of gases in fluid exiting the degassing system. The degassing system can further comprise sensors in communication with the pumps to control the rate of flow and pressure through the degassing system. The degassing system may be placed in a dialysate flow path to remove dissolved gases including carbon dioxide from the dialysate.

Priming system and method for dialysis systems

Method and apparatus for preventing protein loss with peritoneal dialysis

COLUMN FOR A CIRCULATING DIALYSATE SYSTEM

Sodium zirconoum carbonate and zirconium basic carbonate and methods of making the same

Cartridges useful in cleaning dialysis solutions

DIALYSIS APPARATUS WITH SELECTIVE CHEMICAL ACTIVITY

DIALYSATE REGENERATION SYSTEM FOR PORTABLE HUMAN DIALYSIS

A dialysate regeneration chamber is provided. In one embodiment, the dialysate regeneration chamber may include a toxin trap configured to selectively trap toxins and repel select cations.

CARTRIDGES USEFUL IN CLEANING DIALYSIS SOLUTIONS

Cartridges useful in regenerating or purifying dialysis solutions are decribed as well as methods to regenerate or purify spent dialysis solutions. Dialysis systems using the sorbent cartridges of the present invention are further described.

ARTIFICIAL KIDNEY DIALYSIS SYSTEM

The present disclosure relates to a wearable dialysis system and method for removing uremic waste metabolites and fluid from a patient suffering from renal disease. Uremic waste metabolites can be removed by a wearable peritoneal dialysis device (10) that regenerates the peritoneal dialysis solution without removing positively charged, essential ions from the solution and, consequently, the patient. Fluids can be removed. from the blood of the patient by an implantable fluid removing device (100). Fluids are delivered to the bladder and preferably removed from the body of the patient through urination. The wearable dialysis system may be operated continuously or; semi-continuously and be comfortably adapted to the body of the patient while allowing the patient to perform normal activities.

AUTOMATED INTERMITTENT BLOOD PURIFICATION PROCESS

AUTOMATED INTERMITTENT BLOOD PURIFICATION PROCESS An automated blood purification process, preferably hemodialysis, which establishes the operating parameters of rate, and time based upon blood analysis shortly prior to, and during, said process to insure attainment of physician controlled objectives for each patient in minimum time. The process optionally automates preparation of the extracorporeal circuit, including the artificial kidney, for use and at the end of the treatment automatically flushes blood in the extracorporeal circuit back into the patient and concurrently prepares the artificial kidney for possible reuse.

RECIRCULATING DIALYSATE SYSTEM FOR USE WITH AN ARTIFICIAL KIDNEY MACHINE

FILTER CARTRIDGE ASSEMBLIES AND METHODS OF FILTERING FLUIDS

Filter cartridge assemblies and housings are provided and include a tubular housing having an inner wall, an outer wall, a first end, and a second end. The housings include inner walls with shoulders or other radially-inwardly extending flow directors at the intersectins of adjacent sections of the tubular body. The assemblies include a plurality of filter media sections within the housing, and each of the plurality of filter media sections preferably has a different filter media composition. One or more of the filter media sections traverses one or more of the shoulders or other radially- inwardly extending flow directors such that the flow directors evenly direct the flow of fluid through the assembly. The assemblies find particular applicability in dialysis systems.

COMBINED DIALYZER AND ADSORBER UNIT

DUAL RESERVOIR HEMODIALYSIS SYSTEM

A portable hemodialysis system is provided including a dialyzer, a closed loop blood flow path which transports blood from a patient to the dialyzer and back to the patient, and a closed loop dialysate flow path which transports dialysate through the dialyzer. In addition, the hemodialysis system includes two reservoirs which can be alternately placed in the dialysis flow path using various controllable fluid valves. The hemodialysis system may include a sorbent filter in the dialysate flow path which filters used dialysate. Alternatively, the filter may be positioned within a separate closed loop filter flow path which is isolated from the blood flow path and dialysate flow path. For this embodiment, the hemodialysis system includes additional controllable fluid valves which selectively connect the filter flow path to the reservoir which is not currently providing dialysis treatment to a patient.

MODULAR BLOOD TREATMENT SYSTEMS, UNITS, AND METHODS

A portable adapter is provided that can include a closure system configured to control the flow of blood and/or dialysate between the adapter and a blood treatment apparatus. Modular systems are also provided that include the portable adapter engaged with various units such as a portable blood processing module, a non-portable base module, and/or a remote module. Methods of conducting blood treatments such as blood circulation, hemodialysis, and hemofiltration, hemodiafiltration, using the modular systems are also provided. The systems, units, and methods enable the engagement and disengagement of the adapter from the various units to conduct, interrupt, and resume blood treatments without disconnecting the adapter from the vasculature of a patient. Modular systems including interchangeable portable and base modules configured for various blood treatments are also provided that can be engaged and disengaged with each other without disconnecting the portable module from the vasculature of ...

PORTABLE DIALYSIS MACHINE

DIALYSATE REGENERATION SYSTEM FOR PORTABLE HUMAN DIALYSIS

... ²²²A dialysate regeneration chamber is provided. In one embodiment, the dialysate ²regeneration chamber may include a toxin trap configured to selectively trap ²toxins and repel select cations.² ...

CARTRIDGES USEFUL IN CLEANING DIALYSIS SOLUTIONS

Cartridges useful in regenerating or purifying dialysis solutions are described as well as methods to regenerate or purify spent dialysis solutions. Dialysis methods using the sorbent cartridges of the present invention are further described.

HEMODIALYSIS AND PERITONEAL DIALYSIS SYSTEMS HAVING ELECTRODIALYSIS AND ELECTRODEIONIZATION CAPABILITIES

Systems and methods for hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis having integrated electrodialysis and electrodeionization capabilities are provided. In an embodiment, the dialysis system includes a carbon source, a urease source, an ED/EDI unit. The carbon source, urease source, and/or the ED/EDI unit can be in the form of removable cartridges.

UNIVERSAL PORTABLE MACHINE FOR ONLINE HEMODIAFILTRATION USING REGENERATED DIALYSATE

Manifolds suitable for use in hemodialysis, hemofiltration, hemodiafiltration, and peritoneal dialysis are provided. One or more of the manifolds can include a manifold body (412) and an external tube. The manifold body can include at least one conduit including a first conduit and at least one port including a first port in fluid communication with the first conduit. The external tube can be in fluid communication with the first port and can include a main segment (714), a first branch segment (716), and a second branch segment (718) containing at least one bacterial filter (724, 726). The first branch segment (716) and/or second branch segment (718) can include at least one flow restrictor (720, 722). Dialysis machines, systems, and kits including one or more such manifold are also provided, as are methods of performing hemodiafiltration using such manifolds.

CARBON DIOXIDE GAS REMOVAL FROM A FLUID CIRCUIT OF A DIALYSIS DEVICE

The present invention is directed to degassing devices for dialysate circuits. One embodiment has a first housing and a second housing positioned within the first housing in an annular relationship. A second embodiment comprises a dialysate regeneration system with urease, a dialyzer, and a housing with an external wall, where the external wall is exposed to atmosphere and comprises a material that passes gas but does not pass liquid and where the housing is positioned between the urease and dialyzer.

LIVER SUPPORT SYSTEM

The present disclosure relates to an artificial, extracorporeal system for liver replacement and/or assistance, comprising a liver dialysis device for conducting hemodialysis on a patient suffering from liver failure, which is characterized in that it comprises a first standard hollow fiber membrane dialyzer which does not allow passage of an essential amount of albumin over the membrane wall and which is perfused with the patient's blood, and a second hollow fiber membrane dialyzer which allows the passage of essential but defined amounts of albumin over the membrane wall and which receives the blood of the first standard hemodialyzer and wherein the filtrate space is closed off from the lumen space of the hollow fibers and is populated by adsorbent material which may comprise one or more different adsorbents.

Procédé de purification d'une solution conductrice ionique

Appareil de dialyse

GERAET ZUR BEHANDLUNG UND RUECKFUEHRUNG EINER DIALYSATLOESUNG IN VERBINDUNG MIT EINER KUENSTLICHEN NIERE.

DIALYSIS COMPOSITION BY ADSORBING SUBSTANCES [...] IN AN ARTIFICIAL KIDNEY.

SYSTEM OF LIQUID DIAPHRAGM CAPS SUSPENDED IN A WAESSRIGEN SUSPENSION PHASE, PROCEDURES FOR THEIR PRODUCTION AND THEIR USE.

Device of dialysis.

Il dispositivo di dialisi comprende un circuito per un liquido di dialisi configurato per l’interazione con un circuito di sangue da depurare, e mezzi di rigenerazione del liquido di dialisi comprendenti almeno una cella elettrolitica.

PROCEDE ET DISPOSITIF POUR L'EPURATION DU SANG

INVENTION CONCERNANT L'EPURATION DU SANG. PROCEDE ET DISPOSITIF POUR L'EPURATION DU SANG SUR LA BASE DE LA COMBINAISON D'UNE HEMODIALYSE AVEC UNE HEMOFILTRATION. LE FILTRAT EXTRAIT DE L' "HEMOFILTRE" EST AMENE A UN SYSTEME D'ADSORPTION, Y EST REGENERE ET EST RAMENE EN CIRCULATION CYCLIQUE A L'HEMOFILTRE, DE SORTE QUE DANS CE DISPOSITIF LE SANG EST "DIALYSE" PAR RAPPORT A SON PROPRE FILTRAT REGENERE. APPLICATION A LA REALISATION DE REINS ARTIFICIELS.

REIN ARTIFICIEL

Rein artificiel. Ce rein artificiel est caractérisé par le fait que le volume de la cavité traversée par le sang est de 3 à 5 ml et que le volume du compartiment pour le dialysat est de 300 à 5000 ml et que le compartiment pour le dialysat est entouré par une gaine. Ce rein artificiel laisse une plus grande liberté de mouvement au malade ...

APPAREIL D'HEMODIALYSE

APPAREIL DE DIALYSE TRANSPORTABLE. LE CIRCUIT DU SANG ET LE CIRCUIT POUR LE LIQUIDE DIALYTIQUE COMPRENNENT UNE POMPE D'ASPIRATION ET DE CIRCULATION POUR CHAQUE CIRCUIT DU TYPE OU UN TUBE FLEXIBLE EST ETRANGLE PERIODIQUEMENT PAR AU MOINS UN ELEMENT DE LA TETE DE POMPE, CETTE DERNIERE ETANT MAINTENUE EN CONTACT D'ETRANGLEMENT AVEC LEDIT TUBE SUR AU MOINS UNE PARTIE DE SA LONGUEUR, LA POMPE DU LIQUIDE DIALYTIQUE AYANT SON COTE D'ASPIRATION EN COMMUNICATION AVEC LA SORTIE DU DIALYSEUR PAR UN RESERVOIR D'ALIMENTATION TANDIS QUE LE COTE DE REFOULEMENT EST RELIE A L'ENTREE DU DIALYSEUR OU A UNE POCHE COLLECTRICE D'ULTRAFILTRAT. APPLICATIONS A L'EPURATION DU SANG.

DISPOSITIF DE DIALYSE AVEC SYSTEME DE REGENERATION POUR DIALYSE PERITONEALE

LE DISPOSITIF DE DIALYSE A SYSTEME DE REGENERATION POUR LA DIALYSE PERITONEALE AMBULANTE CONTINUE EST CONSTITUE PAR UN CATHETER A DEMEURE 1 POUR DIALYSE PERITONEALE, PAR UN CONDUIT EN TUYAU SOUPLE 2 ET PAR UN RESERVOIR A LIQUIDE DE DIALYSE 4, LE SYSTEME DE REGENERATION 7 ASSURE LA PURIFICATION DU PRODUIT DE DIALYSE ET EST CONSTITUE PAR UN OU PLUSIEURS ELEMENTS DE REGENERATION 8 CONTENANT DES ADSORBANTS SELECTIFS 9 OU DES ECHANGEURS D'IONS OU DES MELANGES DE CES SUBSTANCES ET MONTE A L'INTERIEUR OU A L'EXTERIEUR DU RESERVOIR 4 A LIQUIDE DE DIALYSE.

KIDNEY MACHINE - REGULATION OF THE PRESSURE OF THE LIQUID OF DIALYSIS

Extracorporeal blood treatment device, has treatment unit with fluid inlet and fluid outlet, where inlet is in fluid communication with outlet of exchanger, and outlet is in fluid communication with inlet line

L'objet de la présente invention est la filtration de sang afin de séparer et extraire sélectivement des molécules de taille choisie par le biais de systèmes extracorporels pour la séparation de substances. Ainsi l'invention concerne un dispositif de traitement extracorporel de sang comprenant: au moins un échangeur (1) comportant au moins une première entrée (2) pour le sang à traiter, une première sortie (4) de fluide et une deuxième sortie (5) de fluide, une ligne d'entrée (10) du sang à traiter raccordée à la première entrée (2) de l'échangeur (1), une ligne de sortie (ou ligne veineuse) (11) du sang raccordée à la première sortie (4) de l'échangeur (1),au moins une unité de traitement (21) comportant au moins une première entrée (22) de fluide et au moins une première sortie (24) de fluide, la deuxième sortie (5) de l'échangeur (1) étant en communication de fluide avec la première entrée (22) de l'unité de traitement (21),caractérisé en ce que la première sortie (24) de l'unité de ...

REMOVAL OF UREA FROM A CIRCULATING DIALYSATE SOLUTION

ARTIFICIAL KIDNEY AND A METHOD OF ULTRFILTERING LIQUID

DISPOSITIF MUNI D'UN AGENT DE SORPTION POUR PURIFIER LE SANG, AGENT DE SORPTION APPROPRIE A L'EMPLOI ORAL ET PROCEDE POUR PREPARER L'AGENT DE SORPTION

Ce dispositif pour purifier le sang comprend une membrane à perméabilité sélective 2 et, de part et d'autre de celle-ci, respectivement, un compartiment à sang 3 et un compartiment de clarification 4, traversés l'un par le sang et l'autre par le liquide clarifiant pour éliminer les déchets du sang, ainsi qu'un agent de sorption en Il qui est en contact avec le liquide et qui sert à extraire des phosphates du liquide provenant par 9 du compartiment de clarification. Comme agent de sorption on utilise un échangeur de cations organique chargé d'ions d'un métal dont le phosphate est peu soluble. Le dispositif peut être utilisé comme rein artificiel 1 pour le traitement de malades souffrant d'insuffisance rénale chronique.

Artificial kidney machine - uses closed circuit regeneration of small volume of dialysis liquid

DEVICE AND PROCESS OF TREATMENT OF BLOOD WITH SELECTIVE EXTRACTION OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS

DEVICE AND PROCESS OF TREATMENT OF BLOOD WITH SELECTIVE EXTRACTION OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS

DEVICE AND PROCESS OF TREATMENT OF BLOOD WITH SELECTIVE EXTRACTION OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS

DEVICE AND PROCESS OF TREATMENT OF BLOOD WITH SELECTIVE EXTRACTION OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE REMOVAL OF PARTIALLY PROTEIN BOUND SUBSTANCES

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR HEMODIALYSIS

... 본 발명의 혈액 투석 유닛을 수용하는 포위체는 혈액 투석을 수행하는 부품을 지지하는 데 적절하고 투석기(14), 투석기를 통해 혈액을 순환시키는 1개 이상의 펌프, 투석물 공급원 그리고 투석기를 통해 투석물을 순환시키는 1개 이상의 펌프를 포함하는 하우징(51)을 포함한다. 하우징은 혈액 회로 연결부 및 투석물 유체 연결부 예컨대 환자 혈액 접근을 위한 혈액 라인 연결부, 시약 공급부를 위한 연결부 그리고 혈액 유동 및 투석물의 양쪽 모두를 위한 투석기 연결부 등이 위치되는 전방 패널(511)을 가질 수 있다. 포위체는 하우징에 힌지식으로 장착되는 한 쌍의 수직의 나란한 도어(53)를 또한 포함할 수 있다. 도어가 폐쇄 위치에 있는 상태에서, 환자 접근 및 투석물 유체 연결부로의 접근이 차단될 수 있고, 도어는 살균 사이클 중의 살균을 위해 적절한 하우징 내에서의 열의 보유를 가능케 한다.

ARTIFICIAL KIDNEY AND A METHOD OF ULTRFILTERING LIQUID

WEARABLE CONTINUOUS RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY DEVICE

A continuous renal replacement therapy device adapted to be worn on a portion of the body of a patient, including: a plurality of contoured dialyzers, which are connected in series and utilize dialysate to remove impurities from the blood of the patient; and a plurality of contoured sorbent device, which are connected in series and are for regenerating the spent dialysate.

PRIMING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DIALYSIS SYSTEMS

The application is directed to an extracorporeal blood processing system capable of using dialysate to prime the system. A plastic molded compact manifold supports molded blood and dialysate fluidic pathways along with relevant sensors, valves and pumps. The compact manifold is also disposable in one embodiment and can be detachably installed in the dialysis machine. A two-way valve in the manifold is used to direct the dialysate flow through the blood circuit to prime the circuit for use in treatment.

WEARABLE ULTRAFILTRATION DEVICE

An ultrafiltration device adapted to be worn on a portion of the body of a patient includes a blood inlet tube leading from a first blood vessel, a blood pump, an anticoagulant reservoir for infusing anticoagulants into the blood, a blood filter including a substrate through which the blood is circulated and filtered, a fluid bag for storing the excess fluid and a blood outlet tube leading to a second blood vessel.

PLASMA EXCHANGE WASTE LIQUID PURIFICATION CIRCULATION DIALYZER

An apparatus in which in plasma exchange therapy, valuable plasma is recycled as a dialysis solution without disposing of the same, which apparatus is operable with only some modifications applied to the conventional plasma exchange equipment. There is provided a unit for use in plasma exchange therapy characterized in that at least portion of separated plasma is purified, circulated as a dialysis solution and used to dialyze patient’s blood, thereby removing hazardous substances contained in the plasma. There are further provided a plasma exchange apparatus including the above unit and an artificial liver equipped with the apparatus.

Carbon block/filtration bed/conical reactor with fluidized bed system allowing small sorbent particles to regenerate fluid during extracorporeal blood treatment

Methods and devices for powdered sorbent regeneration of biologic fluids are disclosed. The present invention includes three novel methods, which may be used singly or in any combination, for constraining or immobilizing powders so that they can be perfused with a biological fluid or dialysate: a porous carbon block filter, a filtration bed of very fine powder, and a cone-shaped reactor.

Macromolecular ketoaldehydes

Methods of producing macromolecular compositions and using same are provided. The method includes preparing a resin material; forming an acetyl group on the resin material; and oxidizing the acetyl group via a one-step reaction including reacting a sulfoxide and an acid with the acetyl group to form a ketoaldehyde group. The macromolecular compositions are capable of removing an effective amount of one or more constituents from a physiological solution, such as urea during dialysis therapy.

Dialysis instrument with dialysate side pump for moving body fluids

A dialysis instrument having a pump located on the dialysate side of a dialyzer for moving body fluids. A disposable cartridge mounted to a main frame includes containers of calcium chloride, priming solution, water, sorbent column, dialysate reservoir bag and potassium/hydrogen citrate reinfusate reservoir. A plurality of monitors detect the status of the flow of fluids and process of dialysis and provide data for the operation of a plurality of pumps and clamps to control the direction of flow of various fluids. The entire instrument is mounted on a scale to detect weight change due to the difference between inflow and outflow of body fluids.

Dialysis apparatus with selective chemical activity

A compact dialysis unit having a dialysis membrane forming a partition between a liquid to be dialyzed and a dialysate, at least that surface of the membrane facing the liquid to be dialyzed having a selectively chemically active therapeutic substance fixed thereon and a selectively acting adsorbent in the dialysate circuit. Preferably, the dialysate circuit includes at least one dosimeter and a safety warning system.

Multimodal dialysis system

A dialysis device for operation in multiple modes and for maintaining a known gradient of potassium ion or other electrolyte between the blood of a patient and a dialysate fluid is described. The dialysis device is capable of being used for hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, and the dialysis device is capable of operation with a dialysate purification unit outside of a clinical setting or with a supply of water that can be supplied in a clinical setting. The dialysis device has a composition sensor containing a potassium-sensitive electrode for measuring a potassium ion concentration in one or more of the patient's blood and the dialysate fluid and an infusate pump operated to adjust a potassium ion concentration in the dialysate fluid based at least in part on data from the composition sensor.

Sodium management for dialysis systems

Systems and methods for providing dialysis therapies are provided. In a general embodiment, the present disclosure provides an apparatus for dialysis treatment comprising first and second fluid flow pathways in a parallel arrangement. The first fluid flow pathway contains a first cation exchange resin, wherein greater than 90% of exchange sites of the first cation exchange resin are populated with hydrogen ions. The second fluid flow pathway contains a second cation exchange resin, wherein greater than 90% of exchange sites of the second cation exchange resin are populated with sodium ions. The apparatus can be used to maintain a constant and safe level of sodium in a constantly regenerated dialysis fluid over an extended period of time.

Dialysate Regeneration Unit

A dialysate regeneration unit adapted for regenerating a dialysate containing carrier substances comprises a first flow path and a second flow path. The first flow path comprises a first supply unit adapted for adding an acidic fluid to the dialysate flowing in the first flow path, and a detoxification unit located downstream of the first supply unit. The detoxification unit is adapted for removing toxins from the acidified dialysate flowing in the first flow path. The second flow path extends in parallel to the first flow path. The second flow path comprises a second supply unit adapted for adding an alkaline fluid to the dialysate flowing in the second flow path, and a further detoxification unit located downstream of the second supply unit. The further detoxification unit is adapted for removing toxins from the alkalised dialysate flowing in the second flow path. 11964. A dialysate regeneration unit ( , ) for regenerating a dialysate containing carrier substances , with{'b': '27', 'claim-text': [{'b': 29', '27, 'a first supply unit adapted for adding an acidic fluid () to the dialysate flowing in the first flow path (),'}, {'b': '27', 'a detoxification unit located downstream of the first supply unit, the detoxification unit being adapted for removing toxins from the acidified dialysate flowing in the first flow path (),'}], 'a first flow path () comprising'}{'b': 28', '27', '28, 'claim-text': [{'b': 31', '28, 'a second supply unit adapted for adding an alkaline fluid () to the dialysate flowing in the second flow path (),'}, {'b': '28', 'a further detoxification unit located downstream of the second supply unit, the further detoxification unit being adapted for removing toxins from the alkalised dialysate flowing in the second flow path (), and'}], 'a second flow path () that extends in parallel to the first flow path (), the second flow path () comprising'}an electronic control unit.2. The dialysate regeneration unit of claim 1 , wherein the acidic fluid added ...

DIALYSIS SYSTEM INCLUDING PERISTALTIC TUBING PUMPING CASSETTE

A hemodialysis system includes: a peristaltic blood pump; a first peristaltic dialysate pump; a second peristaltic dialysate pump; and a fluid cassette including an upper portion and a lower portion, a blood pumping tube extending linearly from the upper portion to the lower portion, the blood pumping tube actuated by the peristaltic blood pump, a first dialysate pumping tube extending linearly from the upper portion to the lower portion, the first dialysate pumping tube actuated by the first dialysate pump, and a second dialysate pumping tube extending linearly from the upper portion to the lower portion, the second dialysate pumping tube actuated by the second dialysate pump. 1. A hemodialysis system comprising:a peristaltic blood pump;a first peristaltic dialysate pump;a second peristaltic dialysate pump; and a blood pumping tube extending linearly from the upper portion to the lower portion of the fluid cassette, the blood pumping tube actuated by the peristaltic blood pump,', 'a first dialysate pumping tube extending linearly from the upper portion to the lower portion of the fluid cassette, the first dialysate pumping tube actuated by the first dialysate pump, and', 'a second dialysate pumping tube extending linearly from the upper portion to the lower portion of the fluid cassette, the second dialysate pumping tube actuated by the second dialysate pump., 'a fluid cassette including an upper portion and a lower portion,'}2. The hemodialysis system of claim 1 , wherein the upper and lower portions of the fluid cassette each include at least one fluid port for fluid flow to or from at least one of the blood pumping tube claim 1 , the first dialysate pumping tube or the second dialysate pumping tube.3. The hemodialysis system of claim 1 , wherein the upper and lower portions of the fluid cassette each define at least one fluid path positioned and arranged to carry fluid to or from at least one of the blood pumping tube claim 1 , the first dialysate pumping tube ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PRIMING SORBENT-BASED HEMODIALYSIS USING DIALYSIS FLUID

A method for priming a hemodialysis treatment includes: providing a sorbent cartridge for cleaning spent dialysate fluid returning from a dialyzer; preparing a batch of dialysate in a quantity commensurate with being recycled through the sorbent cartridge multiple times; priming a dialysate circuit in fluid communication with the dialyzer using the batch of dialysate; and priming a blood circuit in fluid communication with the dialyzer using the batch of dialysate. 1. A method for priming a hemodialysis treatment comprising:providing a sorbent cartridge for cleaning spent dialysate fluid returning from a dialyzer;preparing a batch of dialysate in a quantity commensurate with being recycled through the sorbent cartridge multiple times;priming a dialysate circuit in fluid communication with the dialyzer using the batch of dialysate; andpriming a blood circuit in fluid communication with the dialyzer using the batch of dialysate.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein priming the blood circuit includes reversing a blood pump at least one time.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein preparing the batch of dialysate includes mixing water and concentrate.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein preparing the batch of dialysate includes using on the order of five liters of water to mix the dialysate.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein priming the blood circuit includes venting air through a vent.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein priming the blood circuit includes connecting the ends of arterial and venous lines of the blood circuit together.7. The method of claim 1 , which includes closing and opening at least one valve or line clamp in the blood circuit to prime the blood circuit.8. The method of claim 1 , which includes purifying the dialysate for priming the blood circuit.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein priming the blood circuit includes directing the dialysate at one time in a first direction towards an air trap located in the blood circuit and at another time in a second direction ...

Acid Zirconium Phosphate and Alkaline Hydrous Zirconium Oxide Materials For Sorbent Dialysis

A combination of acid zirconium phosphate and alkaline hydrous zirconium oxide are utilized as ion-exchange materials, for example, in sorbent dialysis. The combination provides for dialysate regeneration while maintaining constant and controlled levels of Na, HCO, and pH. 130-. (canceled)31. An apparatus for conducting dialysis comprising a sorbent cartridge , and a dialyzer in fluid communication with the sorbent cartridge , wherein spent dialysate passes from the dialyzer to and through the sorbent cartridge , and wherein said sorbent cartridge comprising a layer of a mixture of acid zirconium phosphate (AZP) and alkaline hydrous zirconium oxide (NaHZO) in the sorbent cartridge , and wherein said acid zirconium phosphate is the only form of zirconium phosphate present in said layer.32. The apparatus of claim 31 , wherein the spent dialysate is spent hemodialysate claim 31 , spent peritoneal dialysate claim 31 , or combinations thereof.33. The apparatus of claim 31 , wherein the dialyzer is in fluid communication with the blood of a patient.34. A dialysis system comprising a sorbent cartridge and a source of spent dialysate claim 31 , wherein the source of the spent dialysate is in fluid communication with the sorbent cartridge and the spent dialysate passes to and through the sorbent cartridge claim 31 , and wherein said sorbent cartridge comprising a layer of a mixture of acid zirconium phosphate (AZP) and alkaline hydrous zirconium oxide (NaHZO) in the sorbent cartridge claim 31 , and wherein said acid zirconium phosphate is the only form of zirconium phosphate present in said layer.35. The dialysis system of claim 34 , wherein the spent dialysate passes through the sorbent cartridge at a rate of about 100 ml/min to about 550 ml/min.36. The dialysis system of claim 34 , wherein the spent dialysate is regenerated.37. The dialysis system of claim 36 , wherein the spent dialysate is regenerated to a pH level about equal to that of fresh dialysate.38. The dialysis ...

HEMODIALYSIS AND PERITONEAL DIALYSIS SYSTEMS HAVING ELECTRODIALYSIS AND ELECTRODEIONIZATION CAPABILITIES

Systems and methods for hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis having integrated electrodialysis and electrodeionization capabilities are provided. In an embodiment, the dialysis system includes a carbon source, a urease source, an ED/EDI unit. The carbon source, urease source, and/or the ED/EDI unit can be in the form of removable cartridges. 1. A dialysis fluid system recycling used dialysis fluid , the system comprising:a carbon source;a urease source in fluid communication with the carbon source; and (i) an ED component, and', '(ii) an EDI component in fluid communication with the ED component., 'an electrodialysis/electrodionization (“ED/EDI”) unit in fluid communication with at least one of the carbon and urease sources, the ED/EDI unit including'}2. The dialysis fluid system of claim 1 , which includes an ion exchange unit operating with the ED/EDI unit to recycle used dialysis fluid.3. The dialysis fluid recycling system of claim 1 , which includes a concentrate metering source located downstream of the ED/EDI unit.4. The dialysis fluid recycling system of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of fluid within the ED/EDI unit is recirculated back into the ED/EDI unit.5. The dialysis fluid recycling system of claim 1 , wherein the ED unit includes multiple ED units.6. A hemodialysis system recycling used dialysis fluid claim 1 , the hemodialysis system comprising:a blood circuit and a dialysis fluid circuit in fluid communication with a dialyzer;a carbon source in the dialysis fluid circuit;a urease source in fluid communication with the carbon source; andan electrodialysis/electrodionization (“ED/EDI”) unit in fluid communication with at least one of the carbon and urease sources and, the ED/EDI unit including an ED component and an EDI component in fluid communication with the ED component.7. The hemodialysis system of claim 6 , which includes an ion exchange unit in the dialysis fluid circuit.8. The hemodialysis system of claim 6 , which includes a concentrate ...

HEMODIALYSIS SYSTEM HAVING A FLOW PATH WITH A CONTROLLED COMPLIANT VOLUME

Systems and methods for the performance of kidney replacement therapy having or using a dialyzer, control components, sorbent cartridge and fluid reservoirs configured to be of a weight and size suitable to be worn or carried by an individual requiring treatment are disclosed. The system for performing kidney replacement therapy has a controlled compliance dialysis circuit, where a control pump controls the bi-directional movement of fluid across a dialysis membrane. The dialysis circuit and an extracorporeal circuit for circulating blood are in fluid communication through the dialysis membrane. The flux of fluid moving between the extracorporeal circuit and the dialysis circuit is modified by the rate at which the control pump is operating such that a rate of ultrafiltration and convective clearance can be controlled. The system provides for the monitoring of an inlet and outlet conductivity of the sorbent cartridge to provide a facility to quantify or monitor the removal of urea by the sorbent cartridge. 1. A system for performing kidney replacement treatment or for performing kidney replacement treatment with enhanced convective clearance and reduced blood clotting risk , comprising:a hemodialysis system having a controlled compliance dialysis circuit, a dialyzer with a dialysis membrane, a blood inlet end for receiving blood, a blood outlet end for allowing blood out of the dialyzer, a dialysate inlet end for receiving dialysate and a dialysate outlet end for allowing dialysate out of the dialyzer, wherein the blood and the dialysate contact different sides of the dialysis membrane;an extracorporeal circuit having a conduit for receiving blood from a subject and a conduit for returning blood to the subject, and a blood pump for conveying blood from the subject, to the dialyzer and back to the subject;a dialysis circuit having a sorbent cartridge for removing at least one impurity or waste species from the dialysate, one or more conduits for conveying dialysate ...

Multimodal dialysis system

A dialysis device for operation in multiple modes and for maintaining a known gradient of potassium ion or other electrolyte between the blood of a patient and a dialysate fluid is described. The dialysis device is capable of being used for hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, and the dialysis device is capable of operation with a dialysate purification unit outside of a clinical setting or with a supply of water that can be supplied in a clinical setting. The dialysis device has a composition sensor containing a potassium-sensitive electrode for measuring a potassium ion concentration in one or more of the patient's blood and the dialysate fluid and an infusate pump operated to adjust a potassium ion concentration in the dialysate fluid based at least in part on data from the composition sensor.

DUAL, SINGLE NEEDLE BLOOD TREATMENT SYSTEM AND METHOD

A blood treatment system includes: (i) a dialysate circuit; (ii) a blood filter in fluid communication with the dialysate circuit; and (iii) an extracorporeal circuit in fluid communication with the blood filter, the extracorporeal circuit including a blood pump, a downstream line from the blood pump, an upstream line to the blood pump, a first patient access line, a second patient access line, a first valve arrangement fluidly communicating the first and second patient access lines to the downstream line, and a second valve arrangement fluidly communicating the first and second patient access lines to the upstream line. 1. A blood treatment system comprising:a dialysate circuit;a blood filter in fluid communication with the dialysate circuit; and a blood pump,', 'a downstream line from the blood pump,', 'an upstream line to the blood pump,', 'a first patient access line,', 'a second patient access line,', 'a first valve arrangement fluidly communicating the first and second patient access lines to the downstream line, and', 'a second valve arrangement fluidly communicating the first and second patient access lines to the upstream line., 'an extracorporeal circuit in fluid communication with the blood filter, the extracorporeal circuit including'}2. The blood treatment system of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and second valve arrangements includes a three-way valve.3. The blood treatment system of claim 1 , which includes a control unit programmed to switch the first and second valve arrangements such that fluid is pumped: (i) down the downstream line and into the first patient access line during a first time period and (ii) down the downstream line and into the second patient access line during a second time period.4. The blood treatment system of claim 3 , wherein the control unit is programmed to switch the first and second valve arrangements such that fluid is pumped: (i) up the second patient access line and into the upstream line during the first ...

METHOD AND COMPOSITION FOR REMOVING UREMIC TOXINS IN DIALYSIS PROCESSES

Methods and devices for providing dialysis treatment are provided. The device comprises a cartridge for providing regenerative dialysis, the cartridge comprising: a body having an inlet and an outlet and defining an interior, the interior including at least a layer comprising urease, a layer comprising zirconium oxide, a layer comprising zirconium phosphate, and a layer comprising carbon, wherein at least two of the layers are blended together to provide a gradient of the two materials. 1. A cartridge for providing regenerative dialysis , the cartridge comprising: a body having an inlet and an outlet and defining an interior , the interior including at least a layer comprising urease , a layer comprising zirconium oxide , a layer comprising zirconium phosphate , and a layer comprising carbon , wherein at least two of the layers are blended together to provide a gradient of the two materials.2. The cartridge of wherein the zirconium oxide has been modified to remove a nitrate ion and substitute a bicarbonate ion therefore.3. The cartridge of wherein the zirconium oxide is in hydroxyl form.4. The cartridge of wherein the layer comprising carbon is located adjacent to the outlet.5. The cartridge of wherein the layer comprising zirconium phosphate comprises approximately 200 to about 800 grams of zirconium phosphate.6. The cartridge of wherein the layer comprising carbon comprises approximately 50 to about 200 grams of carbon.7. The cartridge of wherein the layer comprising carbon removes less than 30 grams of glucose from a dialysis solution passing through the cartridge.8. The cartridge of wherein the interior of the body includes two separate layers comprising zirconium oxide.9. The cartridge of wherein the blended layers include the layer comprising zirconium oxide and the layer comprising zirconium phosphate.10. The cartridge of wherein the blended layers include two or more layers between the layer comprising zirconium oxide and the layer comprising zirconium ...

WEIGHT-CONTROLLED SORBENT SYSTEM FOR HEMODIALYSIS

A hemodialysis system including (i) a dialyzer, (ii) a blood circuit including a blood pump in fluid communication with the dialyzer, (iii) a dialysate circuit including a dialysate circulation pump in fluid communication with the dialyzer, the dialysate circuit further including a sorbent cartridge for cleaning used dialysate, (iv) a dialysate reservoir, (v) a reservoir pump in fluid communication with the dialysate circuit and the dialysate reservoir, (vi) a supply of concentrate for reconstituting dialysate in the dialysate circuit, and (vii) wherein the hemodialysis system is configured to electronically weigh the dialysate reservoir and the supply of concentrate. 1. A hemodialysis system comprising:a dialyzer;a blood circuit including a blood pump in fluid communication with the dialyzer;a dialysate circuit including a dialysate circulation pump in fluid communication with the dialyzer, the dialysate circuit further including a sorbent cartridge for cleaning used dialysate;a dialysate reservoir;a reservoir pump in fluid communication with the dialysate circuit and the dialysate reservoir;a supply of concentrate for reconstituting dialysate in the dialysate circuit; andwherein the hemodialysis system is configured to electronically weigh the dialysate reservoir and the supply of concentrate.2. The hemodialysis system of claim 1 , wherein the dialysate reservoir holds an initial batch of dialysate.3. The hemodialysis system of claim 1 , wherein the dialysate reservoir and the supply of concentrate are weighed by a same electronic balance.4. The hemodialysis system of claim 1 , wherein the reservoir pump is positioned and arranged to also pump concentrate from the concentrate supply.5. The hemodialysis system of claim 4 , which includes a first valve positioned between the dialysis reservoir and the reservoir pump and a second valve positioned between the concentrate supply and the reservoir pump.6. A hemodialysis system comprising:a dialyzer;a blood circuit ...

Pumping systems for cassette-based dialysis

A dialysis machine includes: a hardware unit including at least one pump actuator, at least one valve actuator and a cassette interface, the cassette interface including: (i) a plate that abuts the cassette; (ii) at least one pump aperture defined by the plate; (iii) at least one pump head moveable out of and retractable into the at least one pump aperture to operate a pumping portion of the cassette; (iv) at least one valve aperture defined by the plate; (v) at least one valve apparatus moveable out of and retractable into the at least one valve aperture to operate a valve portion of the cassette; (vi) at least one sensor aperture defined by the plate; and (vii) at least one sensor located in the least one sensor aperture, the at least one sensor operable with a sensor portion of the cassette.

Dialysis machine

Embodiments of the present disclosure include a dialysis system having a disposable cartridge which includes one or more flowpaths arranged on or within the cartridge.

Priming System and Method for Dialysis Systems

The application is directed to an extracorporeal blood processing system capable of using dialysate to prime the system. A plastic molded compact manifold supports molded blood and dialysate fluidic pathways along with relevant sensors, valves and pumps. The compact manifold is also disposable in one embodiment and can be detachably installed in the dialysis machine. A two-way valve in the manifold is used to direct the dialysate flow through the blood circuit to prime the circuit for use in treatment. 1. A priming process for priming a manifold within a dialysis machine for use in a dialysis treatment , comprising the steps of:a. Inserting said manifold into the dialysis machine, wherein said manifold comprises a substrate defining a first circuit and a second circuit and a compressible valve structure in fluid communication with each of said first and second circuits, wherein said valve structure has a first state and a second state and wherein, when in said first state, fluid from the first circuit cannot enter into the second circuit and when in said second state, fluid from the first circuit can enter into the second circuit;b. Placing said valve in said second state by removing pressure from said compressible valve structure;c. Pumping fluid through said first and second circuits;d. Placing said valve in said first state by applying pressure to said compressible valve structure; ande. Removing fluid from said second circuit.2. The priming process of wherein the first circuit is a dialysate circuit and wherein the second circuit is a blood circuit.3. The priming process of wherein the fluid is dialysate and wherein claim 2 , in said second state claim 2 , the dialysate flows through the dialysate circuit and into the blood circuit.4. The priming process of wherein the dialysate is removed from the blood circuit upon completion of the priming process.5. The priming process of wherein the dialysate is pumped from a dialysate reservoir and not from a separate ...

SENSING AND STORAGE SYSTEM FOR FLUID BALANCE

A sensing and storage system for fluid balance during dialysis is provided. The sensing and storage system has flow sensors on either side of a dialyzer in a controlled volume dialysate flow path. The sensors are positioned so that no fluid can be added to or removed from the dialysate flow path between the sensors except for that which is added or removed by action of a control pump. The sensing and storage system can have a fluid removal line for the removal of fluid from the dialysate flow loop. 1. A sensing and storage system for fluid balance during dialysis , comprising;a control pump in a dialysate flow loop in fluid communication with a dialyzer, wherein the dialysate flow loop has a controlled volume;a fluid removal line fluidly connected to the dialysate flow loop and in communication with the control pump;an extracorporeal flow loop in fluid communication with the dialysate flow loop across a semi-permeable membrane in the dialyzer;an inflow sensor in the dialysate flow loop and positioned in the dialysate flow loop at a position before the dialyzer;an outflow sensor in the dialysate flow loop and positioned in the dialysate flow loop at a position after the dialyzer; anda control system receiving data from the inflow sensor and the outflow sensor; wherein said control system is in electronic communication with the control pump, wherein the control system utilizes a fluid balancing system that automatically adjusts a pump rate of the control pump based on a difference between the flow measured at inflow sensor and outflow sensor to maintain a controlled volume in the dialysate flow loop.2. The sensing and storage system of claim 1 , wherein the dialysate flow loop is a controlled compliant dialysate flow loop.3. The sensing and storage system of claim 1 , further comprising at least one fluid pump other than the control pump fluidly connected to a fluid source and in fluid communication with the dialysate flow loop; wherein the at least one fluid pump ...

SORBENT POUCH

A sorbent pouch for use in sorbent dialysis. The sorbent pouch allows for fluid to freely pass into and through the sorbent materials, while keeping the sorbent materials inside the sorbent pouch. 1. A sorbent pouch , comprising:a porous material forming in-part a sorbent containing a material consisting essentially of alumina, the porous material retaining at least 98% by weight of the alumina.2. The sorbent pouch of claim 1 , the porous material allowing dissolved urease to pass through the porous material.3. The sorbent pouch of claim 1 , the porous material preventing undissolved urease from passing through the porous material.4. The sorbent pouch of claim 1 , wherein the porous material is selected from the group consisting of bolting cloth claim 1 , porous polymer claim 1 , porous metal claim 1 , cotton claim 1 , ashless filter paper claim 1 , Dacron claim 1 , and polyethylene terephthalate.5. The sorbent pouch of claim 1 , wherein the sorbent pouch has a shape selected from the group consisting of a circular shape claim 1 , a square shape claim 1 , a triangular shape claim 1 , a rectangular shape claim 1 , and a disc shape.6. The sorbent pouch of claim 1 , wherein the sorbent pouch is shaped to be adapted into an internal cavity defined by a sorbent cartridge in which the sorbent pouch is housed.7. The sorbent pouch of claim 1 , wherein the sorbent pouch has a semi-rigid structure.8. The sorbent pouch of claim 1 , wherein the sorbent pouch has a rigid structure.9. The sorbent pouch of claim 1 , wherein the sorbent pouch has a flexible structure.10. The sorbent pouch of claim 1 , further comprising side portions constructed from a fluid impermeable material.11. The sorbent pouch of claim 10 , further comprising an elastomeric material disposed on a side portion of the sorbent pouch.12. The sorbent pouch of claim 1 , wherein the porous material is impregnated with an antimicrobial substance and/or an anticoagulant.13. The sorbent pouch of claim 1 , wherein the ...

ZIRCONIUM PHOSPHATE RECHARGING METHOD AND APPARATUS

Methods and related apparatuses for sorbent recharging are provided. The methods and related apparatuses for recharging can recharge a specific rechargeable layer or module of a sorbent material such as zirconium phosphate in a sorbent cartridge. The methods and apparatuses include a fluid source containing at least one recharging fluid, wherein the fluid source is fluidly connectable to at least one rechargeable sorbent module for use in sorbent dialysis in a fluid flow path. The methods and apparatuses include passing a single solution through the zirconium phosphate for ion exchanges, resulting in zirconium phosphate to maintain a substantially consistent pH in a dialysate used during dialysis. 136-. (canceled)37. A solution for recharging zirconium phosphate , comprising a combination of at least one sodium salt and at least one acid , the solution having a predetermined pH value that results in a substantially consistent pH in a dialysate passing through the zirconium phosphate after the solution is used for recharging zirconium phosphate.38. The solution of claim 37 , wherein the solution is selected from the group consisting of sodium acetate/acetic acid solution claim 37 , glycolic/glycolate solution claim 37 , citric/citrate solution claim 37 , propionate/propionic solution claim 37 , phosphate-monobasic solution claim 37 , or any combination thereof.39. The solution of claim 37 , wherein the solution consists essentially of sodium chloride claim 37 , sodium acetate and acetic acid.40. The solution of claim 39 , wherein concentrations of the sodium chloride claim 39 , the sodium acetate claim 39 , and the acetic acid are about 3.60M claim 39 , 0.40M claim 39 , and 0.40M claim 39 , respectively claim 39 , or about 3.88M claim 39 , 0.12M claim 39 , and 0.40M claim 39 , respectively. The present application is a Divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/722,119 filed May 26, 2015, which is a continuation-in-part (CIP) application of U.S. patent ...

Method for extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal

The present invention generally relates to a process suitable for extracorporeal lung support. The process relies on exposing blood, separated by a semipermeable membrane from the dialysis liquid. The dialysis liquid of the present invention comprises a buffering agent and has a high buffering capacity for H* ions. Carbon dioxide, bicarbonate and hydrogen cations can be efficiently transported across a semipermeable membrane to the dialysis liquid. The present invention also allows for the regeneration and recycling of the dialysis liquid, and thus for its recycling and repeated use. The versatility of the dialysis liquid allows to adjust the pH of the dialysis liquid, add fluids to the dialysis liquid and/or to the blood in the extracorporeal circuit and to remove substances from the blood in the extracorporeal circuit, depending on the conditions and needs. Thus, the present invention is versatile, and suitable for treating or preventing respiratory acidosis, metabolic acidosis, diseases associated with lung malfunction and/or kidney malfunction and/or liver malfunction. For example, when the kidney function is limited, the acid-base balance of the blood can be provided by the method of the present invention; and when the liver function is limited, toxins can be removed from blood by the method of the present invention.

SYSTEM FOR REMOVING UREMIC TOXINS IN DIALYSIS PROCESSES

A dialysis system comprising: a sorbent cartridge including a zirconium phosphate layer followed by at least one of a urease layer, a zirconium oxide layer, or a carbon layer; a pump in fluid communication sorbent cartridge; and a control unit in operable communication with the pump, wherein the control unit is programmed to cause the pump to pump a dialysis fluid to flow (i) in a first direction through the sorbent cartridge, wherein the zirconium phosphate layer is contacted by the dialysis fluid before the at least one of the urease layer, zirconium oxide layer or carbon layer and (ii) in a second direction through the sorbent cartridge wherein the at least one of the urease layer, zirconium oxide layer or carbon layer is contacted by the dialysis fluid before the zirconium phosphate layer. 1. A dialysis system comprising:a sorbent cartridge in fluid communication with at least one of a patient or a dialyzer, the sorbent cartridge including a housing having a urease layer followed by a zirconium phosphate layer;a storage container in fluid communication with the sorbent cartridge;a pump in fluid communication with the sorbent cartridge and the storage container; anda control unit in operable communication with the pump, wherein the control unit is programmed to cause the pump to pump a dialysis fluid to flow (i) in a first direction through the sorbent cartridge, wherein the urease layer is contacted by the dialysis fluid before the zirconium phosphate layer and (ii) in a second direction, reverse from the first direction, through the sorbent cartridge wherein the zirconium phosphate layer is contacted by the dialysis fluid before the urease layer.2. The dialysis system of claim 1 , wherein the control unit is programmed to cause the pump to recirculate the dialysis fluid through the sorbent cartridge for at least two cycles claim 1 , after which the dialysis fluid is stored in the storage container.3. The dialysis system of claim 2 , wherein the control unit is ...

HEMODIALYSIS SYSTEM WITH ULTRAFILTRATION CONTROLLER

The hemodialysis system includes a closed loop dialysate flow path which includes a dialyzer and a reservoir for storing dialysate, and a closed loop blood flow path which passes through the dialyzer in the opposite direction as the dialysate flow path. In addition, the hemodialysis system includes pumps for pumping dialysate and blood through their respective flow paths, a flow sensor for measuring the flow rate of dialysate in the dialysate flow path, and a level sensor for measuring the level of dialysate in the dialysate reservoir. A processor is connected to the flow sensor, reservoir level sensor and pumps to provide a first closed loop control system including the processor, flow sensor and a first dialysate pump, and a second closed loop control system including the processor, level sensor and a second dialysate pump which enable the processor to initiate, monitor and maintain ultrafiltration. 1. A hemodialysis system comprising:an arterial blood line for connecting to a patient's artery for collecting blood from a patient;a venous blood line for connecting to a patient's vein for returning blood to a patient;a dialyzer having a semipermeable membrane;a blood flow path connected to said arterial blood line and said venous blood line for transporting blood from a patient to said dialyzer and back to a patient, said blood flow path passing through said dialyzer on one side of said semipermeable membrane;a reservoir for storing a dialysate solution;a closed loop dialysate flow path, isolated from the blood flow path, for transporting a dialysate from said reservoir to said dialyzer and back to said reservoir, said dialysate flow path passing through said dialyzer on the side of the semipermeable membrane opposite said blood flow path;a blood pump for pumping blood through said blood flow path;a first dialysate pump connected to said dialysate flow path upflow from said dialyzer which pumps dialysate through said dialysate flow path; anda second dialysate pump ...

DIALYSIS SYSTEM HAVING INDUCTIVE HEATING

A dialysis fluid system includes a dialysis fluid inlet; a dialysis fluid outlet; a pump positioned and arranged to pump dialysis fluid through the dialysis fluid inlet and the dialysis fluid outlet; and an inductive heater located between the dialysis fluid inlet and the dialysis fluid outlet, the inductive heater including a fluid flowpath positioned and arranged to receive non-heated dialysis fluid from the dialysis fluid inlet and to output heated dialysis fluid to the a dialysis fluid outlet, a conductive heater element located within the fluid flowpath so as to be or act as a secondary coil of a transformer, and a primary coil of the transformer located outside of the fluid flowpath and positioned so as to magnetically induce a current into the conductive heater element, causing the conductive heater element and surrounding fluid to heat. 1. A dialysis fluid system comprising:a dialysis fluid inlet;a dialysis fluid outlet;a pump positioned and arranged to pump dialysis fluid through the dialysis fluid inlet and the dialysis fluid outlet; and a fluid flowpath positioned and arranged to receive non-heated dialysis fluid from the dialysis fluid inlet and to output heated dialysis fluid to the dialysis fluid outlet,', 'a conductive heater element located within the fluid flowpath so as to be or act as a secondary coil of a transformer, and', 'a primary coil of the transformer located outside of the fluid flowpath and positioned so as to magnetically induce a current into the conductive heater element, causing the conductive heater element and surrounding dialysis fluid to heat., 'an inductive heater located between the dialysis fluid inlet and the dialysis fluid outlet, the inductive heater including'}2. The dialysis fluid system of claim 1 , wherein the fluid flowpath and the conductive heater element are located within a heater housing in fluid communication with the dialysis fluid inlet and the dialysis fluid outlet.3. The dialysis fluid system of claim 2 , ...

HEMODIALYSIS AND PERITONEAL DIALYSIS SYSTEMS HAVING ELECTRODEIONIZATION CAPABILITIES

Systems and methods for hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis having integrated electrodeionization capabilities are provided. In an embodiment, the dialysis system includes a carbon source, a urease source and an electrodeionization unit. The carbon source and urease source can be in the form of removable cartridges. 1. A method of performing hemodialysis comprising:passing a spent dialysis fluid from a dialyzer through a carbon source, a urease source and an electrodeionization unit to produce a clean dialysis fluid; andpassing the clean dialysis fluid through the dialyzer.2. The method of claim 1 , which includes passing the clean dialysis fluid through an ion exchange unit before the clean dialysis fluid passes through the dialyzer.3. The method of claim 1 , which includes adding at least one dialysis component to the clean dialysis fluid before the clean dialysis fluid passes through the dialyzer.4. A method of performing peritoneal dialysis comprising:passing a spent dialysis fluid from an individual through a carbon source, a urease source and an electrodeionization unit to produce a clean dialysis fluid; andreturning the clean dialysis fluid to the individual.5. The method of claim 4 , which includes passing the clean dialysis fluid through an ion exchange unit before the clean dialysis fluid returns to the patient.6. The method of claim 4 , which includes adding at least one dialysis component to the clean dialysis fluid before the clean dialysis fluid returns to the individual.7. The method of claim 4 , which includes passing the clean dialysis fluid through a filter before the clean dialysis fluid returns to the patient.8. The method of claim 4 , which includes passing the clean dialysis fluid through an ultraviolet bactericidal light before the clean dialysis fluid returns to the patient.9. A method of performing dialysis comprising:passing a spent dialysis fluid through a dialysis compartment of a dialyzer comprising an ion-rejection membrane that allows ...

Method And System Of Enhancing Removal Of Toxic Anions And Organic Solutes In Sorbent Dialysis

A method of sorbent dialysis is provided for enhanced removal of uremic toxins, such as toxic anions and/or organic solutes, from spent dialysate. More highly adsorbable zirconium polymeric complexes of these anions and/or organic solutes can be initially formed in spent dialysate by treatment with zirconium salt solution or other zirconium cation source, and then removed with adsorbent to provide purified or regenerated dialysate. Sorbent dialysis systems for detoxifying spent dialysate containing toxic anions and organic solutes are also provided. 1. A method of detoxifying spent dialysate comprising:(a) providing a first spent dialysate comprising complexable species comprising complexable anions or complexable organic solutes or both;(b) converting the complexable species in said first spent dialysate to an adsorbable zirconium complex of said species to produce a second spent dialysate comprising said adsorbable zirconium complex of said species;(c) passing said second spent dialysate through an ion exchange column comprising an ion exchange sorbent effective for adsorbing at least part of said zirconium complex of said species from said second spent dialysate to produce a third spent dialysate having reduced content of said zirconium complex of said species than in said second spent dialysate.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said adsorbing is performed in the presence of phosphate ions in the second spent dialysate.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said species are anions.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said species are sulfate ions claim 1 , citrate ions claim 1 , oxalate ions claim 1 , or phenolate ions claim 1 , or any combination thereof.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said species are at least one organic solute.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein said converting of said species in said first spent dialysate to said zirconium complex comprises contacting said first spent dialysate with a zirconium salt solution or cation source.7. The method of ...

Manifold Diaphragms

The specification discloses a portable dialysis machine having a detachable controller unit and base unit. The controller unit includes a door having an interior face, a housing with a panel, where the housing and panel define a recessed region configured to receive the interior face of the door, and a manifold receiver fixedly attached to the panel. The manifold includes diaphragms adapted to minimize the dead space between the dialysis machine pins and improve responsivity. The base unit has a planar surface for receiving a container of fluid, a scale integrated with the planar surface and a heater in thermal communication with the container. Embodiments of the disclosed portable dialysis system have improved structural and functional features, including improved modularity, ease of use, and safety features. 1. A diaphragm integrated into a disposable manifold for use in a dialysis machine and adapted to be compressed by components that are within said dialysis machine and external to said disposable manifold , said diaphragm comprising: a convex exterior surface protruding outward from the manifold and fixedly attached to said manifold at a first end and at a second end , wherein a distance between the first end and second end defines a length and height of said diaphragm , wherein the diaphragm at the first end and second end has the same height as the manifold , wherein the height of said convex exterior surface increases from said first end to a first height relative to the manifold , and wherein the height of said convex exterior surface decreases from said first height to the second end.2. The diaphragm of claim 1 , wherein the first height of said diaphragm is between 0.03 and 0.04 inches relative to the manifold.3. The diaphragm of claim 1 , wherein the diaphragm has a thickness along the length from the first end to the second end and wherein said thickness is substantially constant along said length.4. The diaphragm of claim 1 , wherein the thickness of ...

Manifolds for Use in Conducting Dialysis

The present application discloses novel systems for conducting the filtration of blood using manifolds. The manifolds integrate various sensors and have fluid pathways formed therein to direct fluids from various sources through the requisite blood filtration or ultrafiltration system steps. 1. A disposable apparatus for use in filtering blood comprising:a molded plastic substrate having a first flow path and a second flow path formed therein, wherein said first flow path and second flow path are fluidically isolated from each other;at least one transducer diaphragm co-molded into at least one of the first or second flow paths; anda plurality of ports integrated into said molded plastic substrate.2. The disposable apparatus of further comprising tubing having a first end fixedly attached to at least one of said ports and a second end fixedly attached to an input port of a dialyzer.3. The disposable apparatus of further comprising tubing having a first end fixedly attached to at least one of said ports and a second end adapted to be removably attached to an input port of a collection reservoir.4. The disposable apparatus of further comprising tubing having a first end fixedly attached to at least one of said ports and a second end adapted to be removably attached to an input port of a dialysate regeneration system.5. The disposable apparatus of further comprising a first tubing having a first end fixedly attached to a first one of said ports and a second end fixedly attached to an input port of a dialyzer and a second tubing having a first end fixedly attached to a second one of said ports and a second end fixedly attached to an output port of the dialyzer.6. The disposable apparatus of further comprising embedded data claim 1 , wherein said embedded data uniquely identifies the disposable apparatus.7. A disposable apparatus for use in filtering blood comprising:first and second inlet ports;first and second outlet ports;a first flow path formed in a plastic substrate ...

UREA SEQUESTRATION COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS

Graphene-based materials for sequestering urea from aqueous solutions are provided. The graphene-based materials include graphene aggregates as well as graphene oxides. 1. A method comprising:contacting a fluid comprising urea with a mass of graphene-based material particles;sorbing at least a portion of the urea into or onto the graphene-based material particles to produce a graphene-based material/urea complex; andreducing the level of urea in the fluid wherein the amount of urea in the graphene-based material/urea complex is greater than 25 mg urea per gram of graphene-based material.2. The method of wherein the fluid is selected from at least one of an aqueous fluid claim 1 , water claim 1 , whole blood claim 1 , blood plasma claim 1 , processed blood claim 1 , preserved blood claim 1 , serum claim 1 , plasma claim 1 , clotted blood claim 1 , anti-clotted blood claim 1 , centrifuged blood claim 1 , hematocrit claim 1 , biological filtrate claim 1 , ultrafiltrate claim 1 , dialysate claim 1 , extracellular fluids claim 1 , intracellular fluids claim 1 , interstitial fluids claim 1 , lymphatic fluids claim 1 , transcellular fluids claim 1 , urine claim 1 , urine-derived fluids claim 1 , agricultural runoff and sewage.3. (canceled)4. The method of wherein the concentration of urea in the fluid is reduced by greater than 10 percent by weight.5. The method of comprising agitating claim 1 , stirring claim 1 , shaking claim 1 , sonicating claim 1 , flowing claim 1 , cooling and/or heating a suspension of the graphene-based material particles in the fluid.6. The method of claim 1 , the method comprising flowing the fluid through a bed comprising graphene-based material particles.7. The method of wherein the graphene-based material is graphene oxide having an atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen of from 20:1 to 1.5:1.8. The method of wherein the graphene-based material is a graphene aggregate.9. The method of comprising removing at least one non-urea component of the fluid ...

PERITONEAL DIALYSATE TEMPERATURE REGULATION SYSTEM

The invention relates to devices, systems, and methods for temperature regulation in generating peritoneal dialysate and using a peritoneal dialysis (PD) system. The system can use a heater and temperature sensors to regulate the temperature of fluid within the PD system. 1. A temperature regulation system for use in peritoneal dialysis , comprising:a first fluid line fluidly connected to a dialysate generation system; the first fluid line including a heater and a first temperature sensor positioned downstream of the heater;the first fluid line fluidly connectable to an integrated cycler through a second fluid line having a second temperature sensor;a control system in communication with the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, and the heater; the control system controlling the heater based on a temperature measured by the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor.2. The temperature regulation system of ; wherein the first fluid line is fluidly connected to at least one osmotic agent source downstream of the heater.3. The temperature regulation system of ; further comprising a sterilization module positioned between the first fluid line and the osmotic agent source.4. The temperature regulation system of ; wherein the sterilization module comprises one or more ultrafilters.5. The temperature regulation system of claim 1 , the dialysate generation system fluidly connectable to a disinfectant source.6. The temperature regulation system of claim 5 , the dialysate generation system fluidly connectable to a waste line; the waste line fluidly connectable to the integrated cycler.7. The temperature regulation system of claim 6 , further comprising a system pump; the system pump recirculating fluid from the disinfectant source claim 6 , through the dialysate generation system claim 6 , the temperature regulation system claim 6 , and the second fluid line.8. The temperature regulation system of claim 7 , the control system controlling the ...

Carbon Block/Filtration Bed/Conical Reactor with Fluidized Bed System Allowing Small Sorbent Particles to Regenerate Fluid During Extracorporeal Blood Treatment

Methods and devices for powdered sorbent regeneration of biologic fluids are disclosed. The present invention includes three novel methods, which may be used singly or in any combination, for constraining or immobilizing powders so that they can be perfused with a biological fluid or dialysate: a porous carbon block filter, a filtration bed of very fine powder, and a cone-shaped reactor. 1. A regeneration system for a biologic fluid in extracorporeal blood treatment comprising:a housing comprising an interior volume and at least one inlet and at least one outlet;a solid filtration module comprising a surface adsorptive agent positioned within the housing between the inlet and the interior volume;a bed of sorbent particles positioned within the housing between the filtration block and the outlet; anda cone shaped reactor placed below the solid filtration module to create a fluidized bed within it, keeping most of the larger sorbent particles within the reactor and allowing the fine particles to flow with perfusing solution to form the above bed of particles.2. The regeneration system of claim 1 , wherein the filtration module and bed of sorbent particles are arranged within the housing relative to the inlet and outlet such that fluid entering the housing through the inlet fluidizes the bed of sorbent particles claim 1 , and passes through the filtration block before exiting the housing though the outlet claim 1 , and the cone shaped reactor is placed below the filtration module claim 1 , allowing collection of sorbent particles from the filtration bed which fall off of the filtration module when flow is stopped.3. The regeneration system of claim 1 , wherein the sorbent particles do not penetrate the filtration module to exit the housing through the outlet.4. The regeneration system of claim 1 , wherein the filtration module comprises activated carbon.5. The regeneration system of claim 1 , wherein the filtration module comprises a body of compressed activated carbon ...

DIALYSIS SYSTEM INCLUDING DISPOSABLE CASSETTE

A dialysis system includes a dialysis machine having a pump actuator, a valve actuator and a sorbent device, and a disposable cassette including (i) a housing having a dialyzer inlet port, a dialyzer outlet port, a pump portion configured to operate with the pump actuator, a valve portion configured to operate with the valve actuator, a venous port, and an arterial port, (ii) at least one dialyzer in fluid communication with the housing, the at least one dialyzer including a dialysate inlet, and a dialysate outlet; (iii) an arterial line for connecting to a patient, the arterial line connected to and extending externally from the arterial port of the housing; (iv) a venous line for connecting to a patient, the venous line connected to and extending externally from the venous port of the housing; and (v) first and second dialysate fluid connections in fluid communication with the sorbent device. 1: A dialysis system comprising: a blood pump actuator,', 'a dialysate pump actuator,', 'a blood valve actuator,', 'a dialysate valve actuator, and', 'a pressure sensor;, 'a dialysis machine including'}a sorbent device; a dedicated dialyzer inlet port,', 'a dedicated dialyzer outlet port,', 'a blood pump portion operable with the blood pump actuator,', 'a dialysate pump portion operable with the dialysate pump actuator,', 'a blood valve portion operable with the blood valve actuator,', 'a dialysate valve portion operable with the dialysate valve actuator,', 'a pressure sensor portion operable with the pressure sensor, and', 'a recirculation line in fluid communication with the sorbent device;, 'a disposable cassette including'} a dialysate inlet, and', 'a dialysate outlet;, 'a dialyzer including'}a first dialysate fluid connection extending from the dedicated dialyzer inlet port of the disposable cassette to the dialysate inlet of the dialyzer; anda second dialysate fluid connection extending from the dedicated dialyzer outlet port of the disposable cassette to the dialysate ...

Dialysis system including automatic priming

A hemodialysis system comprising: a source of priming fluid; an extracorporeal circuit including an arterial line, a venous line, and a drip chamber; a level sensor operable with the drip chamber; a reversible blood pump operable with the extracorporeal circuit; a connection between the arterial and the venous line; and a priming sequence in which priming fluid from the source is pumped in a reverse pump direction through the extracorporeal circuit and reversibly in a normal pump direction through the extracorporeal circuit, wherein an output from the level sensor is used to determine when to stop pumping in at least one of the directions.

DEXTROSE CONCENTRATION SENSOR FOR A PERITONEAL DIALYSIS SYSTEM

System and methods for sensing fluid characteristics of peritoneal dialysate infused into and removed from a patient during treatment are provided. The systems and methods can use an optical sensor including a transmitter light source operable to emit light through a fluid flow path and an optical receiver operable to receive at least a portion of the light emitted by the transmitter light source. 1. A sensor , comprising:a transmitter light source; the transmitter light source operable to emit light through a fluid flow path; andan optical receiver; the optical receiver operable to receive at least a portion of the light emitted by the transmitter light source, passing through the fluid flow path,wherein the sensor is configured to measure at least one optical parameter of a fluid in the fluid flow path in one or more wavelengths.2. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the at least one optical parameter is an index of refraction of light passing through the fluid in the fluid flow path.3. The sensor of claim 2 , wherein the index of refraction of light passing through the fluid in the fluid flow path is in a wavelength range of 950 nm to 1750 nm.4. The sensor of claim 2 , wherein the transmitter light source is a visible point light source and the optical receiver is a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera claim 2 , wherein an angle of bend of the light when passed through the fluid in the fluid flow path is proportional to the refractive index of the fluid.5. The sensor of claim 2 , further comprising:an optical fiber defining a first end and a second end, wherein at least a portion of the optical fiber between the first end and the second end is disposed within the fluid flow path,wherein the transmitter light is optically couplable to the first end of the optical fiber and the optical receiver is optically couplable to the second end of the optical fiber.6. The sensor of claim 5 , wherein at least a portion of the optical fiber disposed within the fluid flow path ...

Systems and methods for onsite sorbent material reuse

Methods, sorbent cartridges and cleaning devices are disclosed for refurbishing sorbent materials. In one implementation among multiple implementations, a medical fluid delivery method includes: providing a sorbent cartridge including H + ZP within a casing for a treatment; and after the treatment, refurbishing the H + ZP while maintained within the casing via (i) regenerating the non-disinfected H + ZP by flowing an acid solution through the casing, (ii) rinsing the regenerated H + ZP while maintained within the casing, (iii) disinfecting the regenerated and rinsed H + ZP by flowing a disinfecting agent through the casing, and (iv) rinsing the regenerated and disinfected H + ZP while maintained within the casing. Multiple batch sorbent refurbishing implementations are also disclosed.

METHOD FOR EXTRACORPOREAL LUNG SUPPORT

The present invention generally relates to a process suitable for extracorporeal lung support. The process comprises contacting blood with a dialysis liquid separated by a semipermeable membrane. Oxygen is introduced into blood and/or into the dialysis liquid prior to contacting blood and dialysis liquid being separated by the semipermeable membrane. The process is versatile and allows for blood oxygenation as well as removal of at least one undesired substance occurring in the blood, selected from carbon dioxide, bicarbonate and hydrogen cations, from blood. Thereby, the present invention takes advantage of the Haldane effect in the extracorporeal contacting step. The undesired substance can be efficiently transported across a semipermeable membrane to the dialysis liquid. In contrast to extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal methods of the prior art (ECCCbR), the present invention employs a versatile dialysis liquid that allows to adjust the pH and buffering capacity of the dialysis liquid, to add fluids to the dialysis liquid and/or to the blood and to remove substances from the blood in the extracorporeal circuit, depending on the conditions and needs. The present invention also provides regeneration and recycling of the dialysis liquid, and thus for its repeated use. The present invention is suitable for treating human or animal subjects suffering from lung failure or lung disorders. 1. Process for oxygenating blood , comprising the steps(i) introducing oxygen into blood and/or into a dialysis liquid,wherein the dialysis liquid has a pH the range from pH 6.8 to pH 11; and wherein the dialysis liquid comprises albumin, preferably 10 to 60 g/l albumin;thereby generating oxygen-enriched blood and/or oxygen-enriched dialysis liquid; and(ii) contacting said blood to said dialysis liquid via a semipermeable membrane.2. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the oxygen introduced into the blood and/or into the dialysis fluid is introduced by means of liquid oxygen or ...

VIRTUAL PATIENT DONATION

A system includes a device having a blood side, a solution side, and a semipermeable membrane structurally configured for diffusion of one or more solutes therethrough. The system also includes a first extracorporeal circuit having one or more first fluid connectors for connecting the blood side of the device to the vascular system of a first animal, a second extracorporeal circuit including one or more second fluid connectors for connecting the solution side of the device to the vascular system of a second animal, a first pump in fluid communication with at least one of the first and second extracorporeal circuits, and a driver mechanically coupled to the first pump, the driver configured to drive the first pump using energy from an energy source. 1. A system comprising:a device having a blood side and a solution side, the device including a semipermeable membrane structurally configured for diffusion of one or more solutes therethrough;a first extracorporeal circuit including one or more first fluid connectors for connecting the blood side of the device to the vascular system of a first animal;a second extracorporeal circuit including one or more second fluid connectors for connecting the solution side of the device to the vascular system of a second animal;a first pump in fluid communication with at least one of the first and second extracorporeal circuits; anda driver mechanically coupled to the first pump, the driver configured to drive the first pump using energy from an energy source.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein one or more of the first animal and the second animal is a human.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein one or more of the first animal and the second animal is a non-human.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein blood from one or more of the first animal and the second animal contains solutes that are desirous for transfer into blood of the other one of the first animal and the second animal.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the driver includes a ...

MODULAR HEMODIALYSIS SYSTEM

Apparatuses, systems, and methods for the performance of kidney replacement therapy having or using a dialyzer, control components, sorbent cartridge, and fluid reservoirs configured to be of a weight and size suitable to be worn or carried by an individual requiring treatment are disclosed. The system has a controlled compliance dialysis circuit, where a control pump controls the bi-directional movement of fluid across a dialysis membrane. A first sorbent cartridge is provided for use in a portable treatment module having activated carbon and zirconium oxide. The system also provides for the monitoring of an inlet and outlet conductivity of a sorbent cartridge containing urease to provide a facility to quantify or monitor the removal of urea by a detachable urea removal module. 1. A system , comprising:an extracorporeal module, an attachable urea removal module, and an attachable portable treatment module;the extracorporeal module having a blood pump that pumps blood from a subject through an extracorporeal circuit, the extracorporeal circuit having one or more attachments for fluidly connecting to a blood inlet and a blood outlet of a dialyzer;the dialyzer having a dialysis membrane where blood is conveyed from the subject to the dialyzer and back to the subject; and a single dialysate inlet and single dialysate outlet;wherein the portable treatment module is controlled compliant; and wherein the portable treatment module comprises a first dialysis circuit and a first dialysate pump for conveying a dialysate from the single dialysate outlet of the dialyzer and back to the single dialysate inlet of the dialyzer, wherein the portable treatment module has one or more attachments for connecting to a dialysate inlet and a dialysate outlet of the dialyzer;at least a first control pump in the portable treatment module for controlling a flux of fluid moving between the extracorporeal circuit and the portable treatment module by changing the rate at which the first control ...

HEMODIALYSIS SYSTEM HAVING A FLOW PATH WITH A CONTROLLED COMPLIANT VOLUME

Systems and methods for the performance of kidney replacement therapy having or using a dialyzer, control components, sorbent cartridge and fluid reservoirs configured to be of a weight and size suitable to be worn or carried by an individual requiring treatment are disclosed. The system for performing kidney replacement therapy has a controlled compliance dialysis circuit, where a control pump controls the bi-directional movement of fluid across a dialysis membrane. The dialysis circuit and an extracorporeal circuit for circulating blood are in fluid communication through the dialysis membrane. The flux of fluid moving between the extracorporeal circuit and the dialysis circuit is modified by the rate at which the control pump is operating such that a rate of ultrafiltration and convective clearance can be controlled. The system provides for the monitoring of an inlet and outlet conductivity of the sorbent cartridge to provide a facility to quantify or monitor the removal of urea by the sorbent cartridge. 1. A system for performing dialysis , comprising:a microbial filter having an inlet in fluid connection with a dialysis circuit having a sorbent cartridge for removing at least one impurity or waste species from a fluid; andan outlet in fluid connection with a dialyzer having a dialysis membrane.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the fluid is a dialysate and wherein the dialyzer comprises a blood inlet end for receiving blood claim 1 , a blood outlet end for allowing blood out of the dialyzer claim 1 , a dialysate inlet end for receiving dialysate and a dialysate outlet end for allowing dialysate out of the dialyzer claim 1 , wherein the blood and the dialysate contact different sides of the dialysis membrane.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the dialysis circuit has one or more conduits for conveying dialysate between the sorbent cartridge and the dialyzer claim 2 , and a dialysate pump for conveying dialysate from the sorbent cartridge claim 2 , to the dialyzer ...

Fluid Purification Filters And The Method of Fluid Purification Using The Same

The present invention relates in part to a filter comprising a tubular housing having a proximal end, a distal end and a housing lumen therethrough; a tubular membrane having a proximal end, a distal end and a membrane lumen therethrough, wherein the tubular membrane is positioned within the housing lumen; a contaminated fluid sample inlet fluidly connected to the proximal end of the membrane, and a contaminated fluid sample outlet fluidly connected to the distal end of the membrane, thereby creating a sample flow-path from the sample inlet through the membrane lumen to the sample outlet; and a purification material inlet fluidly connected to a distal region of the housing lumen, and a purification material outlet fluidly connected to a proximal region of the housing lumen, thereby creating a purification material flow-path from the purification material inlet through the housing lumen to the purification material outlet; wherein the direction of the sample flow-path is in the opposite direction of the purification material flow-path. The invention also relates a method of purifying a contaminated fluid using said filter.

RECIRCULATING DIALYSATE FLUID CIRCUIT FOR BLOOD MEASUREMENT

A blood based solute monitoring system for measuring at least one blood solute species that has a first recirculation flow path in fluid communication with a dialyzer. The first recirculation flow path is configured to allow a fluid to recirculate through a dialyzer such that the concentration of at least one solute species in the fluid becomes equilibrated to the solute species concentration of the blood in a blood compartment of the dialyzer. The blood solute monitoring system has at least one sensor to measure a fluid characteristic. 1. A system , comprising:at least a first recirculation flow path;the first recirculation flow path in fluid communication with a dialyzer;the first recirculation flow path comprising at least one pump and at least one sensor measuring at least one fluid characteristic;wherein a concentration of at least one solute in a fluid recirculating in the first recirculation flow path becomes equilibrated with a concentration of the at least one solute in a blood of a patient.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sensor is located upstream of the dialyzer and downstream of a dialysate regeneration unit wherein the dialysate regeneration unit is fluidly connectable to the first recirculation flow path.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one sensor comprises an ion selective sensor.4. The system of claim 1 , further comprising at least two sensors to measure the at least one fluid characteristic.5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the at least two sensors include a conductivity sensor.6. The system of claim 4 , wherein the at least two sensors include any one of a potassium sensor claim 4 , a bicarbonate sensor claim 4 , and an ammonia sensor.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one sensor comprises a pH sensor.8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one sensor comprises a urea sensor.9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one sensor comprises a conductivity sensor.10. The system of claim 9 , further ...

REPLENISHING UREASE IN DIALYSIS SYSTEMS USING UREASE POUCHES

An apparatus and method for replenishing urease in a sorbent cartridge for use in sorbent dialysis using urease pouches. The sorbent cartridge is configured to allow insertion of a urease pouch or injection of a urease solution into the sorbent cartridge containing a urease pouch. The sorbent module can also comprise other, rechargeable, sorbent materials for removing toxins other than urea from spent dialysate. 116-. (canceled)17. A method , comprising the steps of:adding either solid urease or urease solution to a sorbent cartridge adapted to replenish urease in the sorbent cartridge.18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the step of adding the solid urease comprises the steps of removing a urease pouch having a reduced amount of urease claim 17 , if present claim 17 , and then adding a fresh urease pouch into the sorbent cartridge.19. The method of claim 17 , wherein the step of adding the urease solution comprises introducing a urease solution into the sorbent cartridge having a concentration between any of 1 mg/mL to 250 mg/mL claim 17 , 15 mg/mL to 150 mg/mL claim 17 , 10 mg/mL to 100 mg/mL claim 17 , or 75 mg/mL to 250 mg/mL of urease.20. The method of claim 17 , further comprising the step of either:recharging an amount of one or more sorbent materials contained in the sorbent cartridge by passing a solution containing an appropriate amount of solutes for recharging the one or more sorbent materials through the sorbent cartridge; orrecharging an amount of one or more sorbent materials by replacing one or more modules of a modular regeneration assembly containing an amount of the one or more of sorbent materials. This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/644,576 filed Mar. 11, 2015, which claims benefit of and priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/077,169 filed Nov. 7, 2014, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/016,613 filed Jun. 24, 2014, and the disclosures of each of the above-identified applications are hereby ...

PARALLEL MODULES FOR IN-LINE RECHARGING OF SORBENTS USING ALTERNATE DUTY CYCLES

Parallel modules for in-line recharging of sorbent materials using alternate duty cycles for a sorbent cartridge. The sorbent cartridge can have two or more modules contained therein having connectors connecting each of the modules. One or more of the modules can be reusable and the sorbent materials therein can be recharged. 1. (canceled)2. A method of recharging a sorbent , comprising the steps of:connecting at least a first module containing at least one sorbent material to a recharger; wherein the recharger contains at least one fluid capable of recharging the at least one sorbent material; andpassing the at least one fluid capable of recharging the at least one sorbent material through the first module.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the first module is fluidly connected to at least a second module containing at least a second sorbent material.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the first module contains zirconium phosphate claim 2 , and wherein the at least one fluid contains sodium and hydrogen ions.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the first module contains zirconium oxide and wherein the at least one fluid contains sodium and hydrogen ions.6. The method of claim 2 , wherein the first module contains activated carbon claim 2 , and wherein the at least one fluid contains heated water.7. The method of claim 2 , wherein the first module contains alumina and urease claim 2 , and wherein the at least one fluid contains urease.8. The method of claim 3 , wherein one of the first and second modules contains zirconium phosphate and wherein the other one of the first and second modules contains zirconium oxide.9. The method of claim 3 , wherein at least one of the at least one fluids capable of recharging the at least one sorbent material is not passed through the second module.10. The method of claim 3 , wherein the first module and second module are connected in parallel.11. The method of claim 8 , further comprising the step of connecting the second module to a ...

Disposable Cartridge System for Use with Sorbent or Premixed Dialysate

A hemodialysis machine defining a closed loop fluid path for dialysate solution, the fluid path comprising: a first pump chamber having a pump inlet and a pump outlet, a dialyser having a dialyser inlet and a dialyser outlet, a conduit connected between the outlet of the first pump chamber and the inlet of the dialyser, a second pump chamber having a pump inlet and a pump outlet, a conduit connected between the outlet of the dialyser and the inlet of the second pump chamber, a dialysate regeneration device having a filter inlet and a filter outlet, a conduit connected between the outlet of the second pump chamber and the inlet of the dialysate regeneration device, a reservoir having a reservoir inlet and a reservoir outlet, a conduit connected between the outlet of the dialysate regeneration device and the inlet of the reservoir and, a conduit connected between the outlet of the reservoir and the inlet of the first pump chamber. 1. A hemodialysis machine defining a closed loop fluid path for dialysate solution , the hemodialysis machine comprising:a mixing chamber for receiving the dialysate solution;a first flow balance chamber connected to the mixing chamber;a second flow balance chamber connected to the first flow balance chamber;a dialyser for cleaning the dialysate solution, the dialyser connected between the first flow balance chamber and the second flow balance chamber; anda filter for cleaning the dialysate solution, the filter connected between the second flow balance chamber and the mixing chamber;wherein the mixing chamber and first and second flow balance chambers are provided on a cartridge removably mountable in the hemodialysis machine.2. A hemodialysis machine defining a closed loop fluid path for dialysate solution , the hemodialysis machine comprising:a fixed volume of dialysate solution;a mixing chamber for receiving the dialysate solution;a first flow balance chamber connected to the mixing chamber;a second flow balance chamber connected between ...

Urease Purification And Purified Urease Products Thereof And Sorbent Cartridges, Systems And Methods Using The Same

Methods for purifying urease are described that make use of a precipitating agent such as ammonium sulfate to obtain urease as a precipitate. The method can involve use of a solubilizing agent, such as a citrate-containing solution, to dissolve the precipitate. The method can involve the use of a sugar to provide protected urease in a sugar-urease solution and immobilization of the urease. The method can involve freeze drying of the immobilized urease. A sugar-urease preparation and an immobilized urease, and a sorbent cartridge containing the urease are described as well as methods to conduct dialysis. 1. A method of purifying urease , comprising:a) mechanically separating an extract mixture to provide a separated solution, wherein the extract mixture comprises an extracting agent in solution and a comminuted source of urease;b) combining ammonium sulfate with the separated solution to precipitate urease in the separated solution to provide a precipitate-containing mixture;c) mechanically separating the precipitate-containing mixture to collect the precipitate;d) dissolving the precipitate collected to provide a urease-containing solution;e) combining the urease-containing solution with a sugar to provide a sugar-urease solution;f) combining the sugar-urease solution and a sorbent material to immobilize urease on the sorbent material to provide an immobilized urease preparation; andg) optionally freeze drying the immobilized urease preparation to provide an immobilized urease product.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the source of urease is a botanical source of urease claim 1 , fungal source of urease claim 1 , algal source of urease claim 1 , bacterial source of urease claim 1 , invertebrate source of urease claim 1 , or any combination thereof.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the source of urease comprises jack beans claim 1 , sword beans claim 1 , soy beans claim 1 , or any combination thereof.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the source of urease is jack ...

Hemodialysis System

A dialysis system comprises a filtration means, a pump and a sorbent device for performing a dialysis treatment and/or for regenerating a dialysate solution.

Recirculating dialysate fluid circuit for measurement of blood solute species

A blood based solute monitoring system for measuring at least one blood solute species that has a first recirculation flow path in communication with a dialyzer. The first recirculation flow path is configured to allow a fluid to recirculate through a dialyzer such that the concentration of at least one solute species in the fluid becomes equilibrated to the solute species concentration of the blood compartment of the dialyzer. The blood solute monitoring system has at least one sensor to measure a fluid characteristic.

METHODS FOR DELIVERING REGIONAL CITRATE ANTICOAGULATION (RCA) DURING EXTRACORPOREAL BLOOD TREATMENTS

Disclosed are methods, compositions, and devices for improved delivery of regional citrate anticoagulation during extracorporeal blood treatments. Methods comprise quantification of the clearance of calcium and/or citrate using one or more on-line/in-line sensors, establishing a correlation between the differential conductivity between afferent and efferent dialysate and the clearance of calcium and/or citrate. The methods described herein further include quantifying citrate clearance using glucose as a surrogate. 1. A method for delivering regional citrate anticoagulation to a subject , comprising:introducing blood into an extracorporeal system comprising a hemofilter;infusing the blood with citrate to form complexes of citrate/calcium;flowing the blood through the hemofilter;flowing dialysate through the hemofilter in a flow direction opposite of the blood flow;measuring the conductivity of the dialysate prior to passage through the hemofilter and measuring the conductivity of the dialysate after passage through the hemofilter to determine a differential conductivity;determining an actual clearance of calcium and of citrate through the membrane;correlating the differential conductivity to the actual clearance of calcium and citrate;infusing blood that has passed through the hemofilter with calcium chloride based on the measured differential conductivity; andreturning the blood to the subject.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dialysate flow rate is at least twice that of the blood flow rate.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the dialysate flow rate is 400 mL/min.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject is undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy or intermittent dialysis.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the capture and infusion of calcium is accomplished in a dialysate single pass format or in a dialysate recirculation format.6. A method for delivering regional citrate anticoagulation to a subject claim 1 , comprising:introducing blood into an ...

System and Method for Administering Peritoneal Dialysis

Systems and methods are provided for improved techniques associated with administering peritoneal dialysis. Embodiments of the invention relate to the continuous introduction and circulation of dialysate fluid in and through the peritoneal cavity. This constant influx of fresh fluid results in a perpetually high diffusion gradient between the toxin solute concentration of the blood and the dialysate fluid traversing the abdominal cavity, which promotes a much more efficient and rapid transfer of toxic solutes from the blood stream into the abdominal fluid. The fluid is continuously removed from the abdominal cavity and passed through an external filter using a pulsatile pump. The external filter cleanses the toxic solutes from the fluid before returning the fluid to the abdominal cavity. Embodiments of the invention also relate to improvements in catheters used to access the peritoneal cavity.

PLASMA GENERATION WITH DIALYSIS SYSTEMS

Embodiments for a blood plasma and red blood cell generation device are disclosed. The device may operate as an alternative modality of the dialysis machine, as part of the dialysis machine and/or as an add-on module. The fluid handling components of the plasma generation system may be integrated with a microprocessor unit for controlling and executing generation of plasma, or a control unit of the dialysis machine may be adapted to control the plasma generation aspects of the treatment. 1. A blood processing device , comprising:an extracorporeal blood circuit having at least a first dialyzer and a second dialyzer, wherein the first dialyzer is a plasma dialyzer and the second dialyzer is a standard dialyzer located downstream of an outlet port of the first dialyzer.2. The blood processing device according to claim 1 , wherein the standard dialyzer has fibers with a pore size cut off around 60 claim 1 ,000 daltons claim 1 , and wherein the plasma dialyzer has fibers with a pore size greater than 60 claim 1 ,000 daltons.3. The blood processing device according to claim 1 , further comprising:a control unit that controls fluid flow rates among components of the extracorporeal blood circuit.4. The blood processing device according to claim 3 , wherein the control unit further controls modality of the device to collect blood plasma and/or red-blood cells.5. The blood processing device according to claim 1 , wherein the first dialyzer and the second dialyzer each include a semipermeable membrane claim 1 , and wherein blood plasma produced by the first dialyzer is directed to an inlet port of the second dialyzer located downstream of the first dialyzer.6. The blood processing device according to claim 1 , wherein the first dialyzer and the second dialyzer each include a semipermeable membrane claim 1 , and wherein a red blood cell mixture produced by the first dialyzer is directed to an inlet port of the second dialyzer located downstream of the first dialyzer.7. The ...

PRECISION DIALYSIS THERAPY BASED ON SORBENT EFFLUENT ANALYSIS

The invention relates to devices, systems, and methods for preforming a precision dialysis therapy session based on an analysis of an effluent from a zirconium phosphate sorbent module during an ammonium removal process. The settings for the precision dialysis therapy session can be obtained by estimating a patient's physiological state, such as BUN level, based on the analysis of the effluent for a particular sorbent module linked to a particular patient. 1. A method , comprising the steps of:{'b': 109', '102', '107, 'setting at least one dialysis parameter for a subsequent dialysis session for a patient based on at least one fluid parameter of an ammonium removal solution effluent; wherein the at least one fluid parameter of the ammonium removal solution effluent is measured in either an effluent line () fluidly connected to a sorbent module () containing zirconium phosphate, or a reservoir () fluidly connected to the effluent line.'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one fluid parameter is received from a sensor in the effluent line or in the reservoir fluidly connected to the effluent line.3. The method of or claim 1 , wherein the at least one fluid parameter comprises a total ammonia content in the ammonium removal solution effluent of the sorbent module; and wherein the total ammonia content in the ammonium removal solution effluent is received from an ammonia sensor.4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising the step of estimating a patient pre-dialysis BUN level based on the total ammonia content of the ammonium removal solution effluent.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the step of setting at least one dialysis parameter for the subsequent dialysis session comprises setting at least one of: a dialysate flow rate claim 3 , a blood flow rate claim 3 , a dialyzer size claim 3 , a zirconium phosphate sorbent module size claim 3 , a sorbent cartridge size claim 3 , a bicarbonate addition profile claim 3 , dialysis session timing claim 3 , ...

Modular assembly for a portable hemodialysis system

A modular assembly for a portable hemodialysis system may include a dialysis unit, e.g., that contains suitable components for performing hemodialysis, such as a dialyzer, one or more pumps to circulate blood through the dialyzer, a source of dialysate, and one or more pumps to circulate the dialysate through the dialyzer, and a power unit having a housing that contains suitable components for providing operating power to the pumps of the dialysis unit. The power unit may be selectively connected to the dialysis unit and provide power (e.g., pneumatic power in the form of pressure and/or vacuum) to the dialysis unit for the pumps when connected to the dialysis unit, but may be incapable of providing power to the dialysis unit when disconnected from the dialysis unit. The dialysis unit and the power unit are sized and weighted to each be carried by hand by a human.

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR UREA PHOTO-OXIDATION

Apparatus and method for photo-chemical oxidation are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a dialysis fluid regeneration system includes: a nanostructured anode; a source of light configured to illuminate the anode; and a cathode that is oxygen permeable. 1. A dialysis fluid regeneration system , comprising:a nanostructured anode;a source of light configured to illuminate the anode; anda cathode that is oxygen permeable.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the dialysis fluid is a dialysate.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system is a kidney dialysis system.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the system is a hemofiltration system claim 3 , or a hemodialysis system claim 3 , or a hemodiafiltration system.5. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a source of electrical voltage operationally coupled to the anode and the cathode.6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the source of electrical voltage is portable.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the dialysis fluid regeneration system is portable or wearable.8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the dialysis fluid regeneration system is stationary.9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the anode claim 1 , the source of light claim 1 , and the cathode that is oxygen permeable are parts of one dialysis-fluid regeneration cell claim 1 , and wherein the system comprises a plurality of additional dialysis-fluid regeneration cells.10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the cathode is an air-breathable cathode.11. The system of claim 10 , wherein the cathode is a conductive cloth-based cathode or a conductive paper-based cathode.12. The system of claim 11 , wherein the cloth is a platinum-coated cloth.13. The system of claim 11 , wherein the cathode is configured to electrochemically split water.14. The system of claim 1 , wherein the nanomaterial of the anode is configured to generate photo-electrons or holes when exposed to light.15. The system of claim 1 , wherein the source of light comprises an array of light emitting diodes (LEDs ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR UREA PHOTO-OXIDATION

Apparatus and method for photo-chemical oxidation are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a method for regenerating a dialysis fluid includes: flowing the dialysis fluid between an anode and a cathode of a dialysis system, where the anode comprises a plurality of nanostructures; illuminating the anode with a source of light; flowing oxygen through the cathode toward the dialysis fluid; and converting urea in the dialysis fluid into CO2, N2 and H2O thereby regenerating the dialysis fluid. 1. A method for regenerating a dialysis fluid , the method comprising:flowing the dialysis fluid between an anode and a cathode of a dialysis system, wherein the anode comprises a plurality of nanostructures;illuminating the anode with a source of light;flowing oxygen through the cathode toward the dialysis fluid; and{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'converting urea in the dialysis fluid into CO, Nand HO thereby regenerating the dialysis fluid.'}2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising recirculating the dialysis fluid within a dialysis system.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the dialysis system is portable.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the dialysis system is wearable.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the dialysis system is stationary.6. The method of claim 2 , further comprising:coupling a positive voltage to the anode; andcoupling a negative voltage to the cathode.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein a voltage differential between the positive voltage and the negative voltage is within a range from about 0.6 V to about 0.8 V.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the source of light comprises an array of light emitting diodes (LEDs).9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the LEDs generate an irradiance of less than 4 mW/cmat a surface of the anode.10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the LEDs emit light in a wavelength band that includes 365 nm wavelength.11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the source of light comprises a source of ultraviolet (UV) light.12. The method of claim 1 , wherein ...

SYSTEM FOR REMOVING UREMIC TOXINS IN DIALYSIS PROCESSES

A method of performing dialysis includes: recirculating a dialysis fluid from a patient or a dialyzer for at least two cycles, each cycle contacting the dialysis fluid first with a zirconium phosphate layer followed by at least one of a urease layer, a zirconium oxide layer, or a carbon layer; storing the recirculated dialysis fluid in a storage container; and transferring the dialysis fluid from the storage container to the patient or the dialyzer. In one example, the zirconium phosphate layer and the at least one of the urease layer, the zirconium oxide layer, or the carbon layer is provided by a sorbent cartridge. 1. A method of performing dialysis comprising:recirculating a dialysis fluid from a patient or a dialyzer for at least two cycles, each cycle contacting the dialysis fluid first with a zirconium phosphate layer followed by at least one of a urease layer, a zirconium oxide layer, or a carbon layer;storing the recirculated dialysis fluid in a storage container; andtransferring the dialysis fluid from the storage container to the patient or the dialyzer.2. The method of claim 1 , which includes operating valves to alternate between a cleaning cycle and a storing cycle.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein each cycle contacts the dialysis fluid first with a zirconium phosphate layer claim 1 , followed by a urease layer claim 1 , followed by at least one of a second zirconium phosphate layer claim 1 , a zirconium oxide layer claim 1 , and a carbon layer.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein each cycle contacts the dialysis fluid first with a zirconium phosphate layer claim 3 , followed by a urease layer claim 3 , followed by a second zirconium phosphate layer claim 3 , followed by a zirconium oxide layer claim 3 , followed by a carbon layer.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the zirconium phosphate layer and the at least one of the urease layer claim 1 , the zirconium oxide layer claim 1 , or the carbon layer is provided by a sorbent cartridge.6. A method of ...

RECHARGE SOLUTION FOR ZIRCONIUM PHOSPHATE

The invention relates to devices, systems, and methods for mixing one or more solutions to generate a recharge solution having specified concentrations of a sodium salt and acid for recharging and disinfecting zirconium phosphate in reusable sorbent modules. The devices, systems, and methods can generate a recharge solution by a sorbent recharger that is introduced through the sorbent module to recharge and to disinfect the zirconium phosphate. 1. A system , comprising:a sorbent recharger having a recharging flow path comprising at least one receiving compartment for a zirconium phosphate sorbent module; the at least one receiving compartment comprising a zirconium phosphate module inlet and a zirconium phosphate module outlet;at least one recharge solution source; the at least one recharge solution source comprising an acid source and a sodium source; anda controller controlling at least one pump to introduce fluid from the at least one recharge solution source through the zirconium phosphate sorbent module.2. The system of claim 1 , the at least one recharge solution source further comprising a base source.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sodium source is selected from the group consisting of sodium chloride claim 1 , sodium acetate claim 1 , sodium phosphate claim 1 , sodium citrate claim 1 , sodium hydroxide claim 1 , and combinations thereof claim 1 , and the acid source is selected from the group consisting of acetic acid claim 1 , phosphoric acid claim 1 , sulfuric acid claim 1 , citric acid claim 1 , and combinations thereof.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sodium source and acid source is selected from sodium diacetate claim 1 , monosodium citrate claim 1 , monosodium phosphate claim 1 , sodium bisulfate claim 1 , and combinations thereof.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one recharge solution source comprises a source of solid sodium salt claim 1 , solid acid claim 1 , and/or solid sodium salt and solid acid.6. The system of claim ...

METHODS AND APPARATUSES USING UREA PERMSELECTIVE DIFFUSION THROUGH CHARGED MEMBRANES

Methods and apparatuses for regenerating used dialysis fluid are described herein. In an embodiment, a regenerative dialysis fluid system includes a dialysis unit configured to generate used dialysis fluid including urea, a urea separation unit configured to separate at least a portion of the urea from the used dialysis fluid into a secondary fluid, and a urea removal unit configured to remove at least a portion of the urea from the secondary fluid and return the secondary fluid to the urea separation unit. In an embodiment, the urea separation unit includes a membrane separating a dialysis fluid chamber from a urea chamber, the membrane including at least one of: (i) a positive charge to prevent positive ions from transporting across the membrane; and (ii) a negative charge to prevent negative ions from transporting across the membrane. 1a dialysis unit configured to generate used dialysis fluid including urea;a urea separation unit configured to separate at least a portion of the urea from the used dialysis fluid into a secondary fluid;a urea removal unit configured to remove at least a portion of the urea from the secondary fluid and return the secondary fluid to the urea separation unit; anda peritoneal dialysis cassette fluidly coupled to the dialysis unit and the urea separation unit.. A regenerative dialysis fluid system comprising: The present application claims priority to and the benefit as a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/265,058, filed Sep. 14, 2016, entitled “Methods and Apparatuses using Urea Permselective Diffusion Through Charged Membranes”, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/273,863, filed Dec. 31, 2015, entitled, “Devices for Urea Electrolysis and Methods of Using Same”, and to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/373,108, filed Aug. 10, 2016, entitled, “Methods and Apparatuses using Urea Permselective Diffusion Through Charged Membranes”, the entire contents of each of which are ...

DIALYSIS SYSTEM AND METHODS

Dialysis systems and methods are described which can include a number of features. The dialysis systems described can be to provide dialysis therapy to a patient in the comfort of their own home. The dialysis system can be configured to prepare purified water from a tap water source in real-time that is used for creating a dialysate solution. The dialysis systems described also include features that make it easy for a patient to self-administer therapy. For example, the dialysis systems include disposable cartridge and patient tubing sets that are easily installed on the dialysis system and automatically align the tubing set, sensors, venous drip chamber, and other features with the corresponding components on the dialysis system. Methods of use are also provided, including automated priming sequences, blood return sequences, and dynamic balancing methods for controlling a rate of fluid transfer during different types of dialysis, including hemodialysis, ultrafiltration, and hemodiafiltration. 1. A method of priming a tubing set and a dialyzer of a dialysis system , comprising the steps of:connecting an arterial line of a tubing set to a venous line of the tubing set to form a continuous loop in the tubing set;pumping air out of the tubing set with an air pump;pulling a flow of fluid from a fluid source into the tubing set with the air pump;operating a blood pump of the dialysis system in a forward operating mode to flow fluid from the fluid source into the tubing set in a first direction; andoperating the blood pump in a reverse operating mode to flow fluid through the tubing set in a second direction opposite to the first direction.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pulling step further comprises pulling the fluid into the tubing set with the air pump until the fluid is detected by a first level sensor in a venous drip chamber.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein operating the blood pump in the forward operating mode further comprises operating the blood pump in ...

Manifold Diaphragms

The specification discloses a portable dialysis machine having a detachable controller unit and base unit. The controller unit includes a door having an interior face, a housing with a panel, where the housing and panel define a recessed region configured to receive the interior face of the door, and a manifold receiver fixedly attached to the panel. The manifold includes diaphragms adapted to minimize the dead space between the dialysis machine pins and improve responsivity. The base unit has a planar surface for receiving a container of fluid, a scale integrated with the planar surface and a heater in thermal communication with the container. Embodiments of the disclosed portable dialysis system have improved structural and functional features, including improved modularity, ease of use, and safety features. 1. A diaphragm integrated into a disposable manifold for use in a dialysis machine and adapted to be compressed by components that are within said dialysis machine and external to said disposable manifold , said diaphragm comprising: a convex exterior surface protruding outward from the manifold and fixedly attached to said manifold at a first end and at a second end , wherein a distance between the first end and second end defines a length and height of said diaphragm , wherein the diaphragm at the first end and second end has the same height as the manifold , wherein the height of said convex exterior surface increases from said first end to a first height relative to the manifold , and wherein the height of said convex exterior surface decreases from said first height to the second end.2. The diaphragm of claim 1 , wherein the first height of said diaphragm is between 0.03 and 0.04 inches relative to the manifold.3. The diaphragm of claim 1 , wherein the diaphragm has a thickness along the length from the first end to the second end and wherein said thickness is substantially constant along said length.4. The diaphragm of claim 1 , wherein the thickness of ...

Dialysis systems including therapy prescription entries

A dialysis system includes a dialysis machine configured to control fluid loss or ultrafiltration (“UF”) volume over a treatment; a graphical user interface (“GUI”) that allows selection of a prescription entry for the treatment; and a processor operating with the GUI, the processor programmed to (i) receive a plurality of prescription entries via a local or wide area mode of data communication, each prescription entry including at least one prescribed parameter for operating the dialysis machine to control the fluid loss or UF volume, and (ii) enable an operator to choose between the prescription entries provided at the GUI, and select one of the prescription entries for the treatment.

SYSTEMS FOR UTILIZING THE WATER CONTENT IN FLUID FROM A RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY PROCESS

The present invention relates to systems, methods and uses for recycling at least a part of water lost during various renal replacement therapy processes, e.g. in the preparation of a fresh dialysate solution or fresh reconstitution fluid for kidney disease dialysis and hemofiltration by utilizing water from the spent fluids. The system of the invention is useful in hemodialysis and in peritoneal dialysis as well as in hemofiltration for reuse of water from filtrates and spent fluids. In addition, the system of the invention is useful in the development of a renal assist device or artificial kidney. 1507509505102506103104105507509505. A system for recycling at least a part of the water content in waste fluid () from a hemofiltration process resulting in a flux of water from said waste fluid into a supply of electrolyte replacement concentrate () or into a stream of concentrated blood resulting from said hemofiltration () , said system comprising a forward osmosis (FO) unit ( , ) comprising a forward osmosis membrane () comprising nanoporous water channels , said membrane having a feed side () and a draw side () wherein the feed side is in fluid communication with said waste fluid () being the filtrate from a patient undergoing said hemofiltration , and wherein the draw side is in fluid communication with a supply of said electrolyte concentrate () or wherein the draw side is in fluid communication with a stream of concentrated blood resulting from said hemofiltration ().2515516. The system according to claim 1 , wherein said system further comprises means for pumping said feed () and said draw fluids ().3. The system according to or claim 1 , wherein said nanoporous water channels are selected from the group consisting of nanoparticles claim 1 , nanotubes claim 1 , carbon nanotubes claim 1 , graphene based materials claim 1 , aquaporin water channels and biomimetic synthetic water selective porous material.4. The system according to any one of to claim 1 , wherein ...

Hemodialysis system including a disposable cassette

A dialysis system includes a dialyzer, a sorbent cartridge configured to clean used dialysate from the dialyzer, a dialysate pump actuator configured to pump dialysate to the dialyzer, and a conductivity sensor located adjacent to a temperature sensor. The dialysis system also includes a disposable cassette configured to carry dialysate pumped by the dialysate pump actuator. The disposable cassette includes a combined conductivity and temperature sensor fluid chamber separate from the conductivity sensor and the temperature sensor and located so as to operate with the conductivity sensor and the temperature sensor, respectively, when mounted for operation.

Portable hemodialysis assembly with ammonia sensor

A portable hemodialysis system is provided including a disposable cartridge and a reused dialysis machine. The disposable cartridge includes a dialysate flow path and a blood flow path which flow in opposite directions through a dialyzer. The disposable cartridge includes a filter for removing waste products from the dialysate, and pressure and fluid flow sensors for measuring the pressure and fluid flow in the dialysate flow path and blood flow path. Preferably, the filter has a vapor membrane for releasing gases including ammonia, but not liquids such as the dialysate. The reused dialysis machine possesses a reservoir for dialysate, an ammonia sensor adjacent to the vapor membrane, a level sensor, a blood leak sensor, a venous blood line pressure sensor, a venous blood line bubble detector, pump motors, and a processor connected to the motors and sensors for controlling and monitoring hemodialysis treatment.

Portable hemodialysis machine and disposable cartridge with blood leak sensor

A portable hemodialysis system is provided including a disposable cartridge and a reused dialysis machine. The disposable cartridge includes a dialysate flow path and a blood flow path which flow in opposite directions through a dialyzer. The disposable cartridge includes a filter for removing waste products from the dialysate. The reused dialysis machine possesses a reservoir for dialysate, various sensors including a blood leak sensor assembly, and a processor connected to the various sensors for controlling and monitoring hemodialysis treatment. The blood leak sensor assembly includes a light source for emitting light through the dialysate flow path and a light sensor for receiving light having passed through the dialysate flow path. The processor is connected to the light source for determining whether blood has leaked from the blood flow path into the dialysate flow path. Preferably, the light source emits light having two peak wavelengths.

NANOCLAY SORBENTS FOR DIALYSIS

Dialysis is enhanced by using nanoclay sorbents to better absorb body wastes in a flow-through system. The nanoclay sorbents, using montmorillonite, bentonite, and other clays, absorb significantly more ammonium, phosphate, and creatinine, and the like, than conventional sorbents. The montmorillonite, the bentonite, and the other clays may be used in wearable systems, in which a dialysis fluid is circulated through a filter with the nanoclay sorbents. Waste products are absorbed by the montmorillonite, the bentonite, and the other clays and the dialysis fluid is recycled to a patient's peritoneum. Using an ion-exchange capability of the montmorillonite, the bentonite, and the other clays, waste ions in the dialysis fluid are replaced with desirable ions, such as calcium, magnesium, and bicarbonate. The nanoclay sorbents are also useful for refreshing a dialysis fluid used in hemodialysis and thus reducing a quantity of the dialysis fluid needed for the hemodialysis. 1. A system for removing body wastes from a fluid , the system comprising:a closed fluid loop for circulating blood to and from a hemodialysis machine;at least one pump attached to the loop for circulating the blood into and out of the hemodialysis machine and through the fluid loop;a replaceable cartridge housing connected to the closed fluid loop, the housing having a first end including an inlet, and a second end including an outlet;a filter with nanoclay particles, the filter attached to the fluid loop for removing body wastes from the blood, wherein the nanoclay particles comprise a processed nanoclay having at least one dimension from 1 nm to 200 nm, and wherein the processed nanoclay particles have been chemically enhanced with an acid to increase an acidity such that urea uptake is increased; anda drain container connected to the closed fluid loop for removing an excess fluid.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the processed nanoclay is selected from the group consisting of expanded clays claim 1 ...

Method For Treating Dialysate, Dialysis System, And Method For Pre-Evaluating Dialysis Patients For Treatment With Same

A method for treating dialysate solutions used in dialysis wherein dialysate is treated in an early part of a dialysis treatment session by external infusion of bicarbonate solution into the dialysate circuit to eliminate the need for bicarbonate requirements in concentrates used for preparation of precursor dialysate (priming) solutions and/or for a solid bicarbonate layer in a sorbent cartridge. Dialysate is treated in a latter part of a dialysis treatment session by introduction of sterile dilution water to reduce sodium concentration in the dialysate. The method provides a more efficient and reduced use of dialysate fluids, electrolytes, sorbent cartridge materials, equipment scale, or any combinations of these, while maintaining purity standards and applicable physiological ranges for bicarbonate, sodium, and other dialysate solution components over the course of a dialysis treatment session. 1. A method of treating dialysate comprising:a) passing spent dialysate received from a dialyzer through a sorbent cartridge to produce regenerated dialysate that is discharged from the sorbent cartridge for circulation back to the dialyzer;b) introducing bicarbonate solution into the regenerated dialysate during a first dialysis treatment time period to provide a treated regenerated dialysate that is circulated to the dialyzer;c) adding sterile water to the regenerated dialysate during a second dialysis treatment time period occurring after the first dialysis treatment time period to provide a diluted regenerated dialysate that is circulated to the dialyzer.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first dialysis treatment time period occurs within an initial 50% of total dialysis treatment time of a dialysis treatment session claim 1 , and the second dialysis treatment time period occurs within a final 50% of the total dialysis treatment time of the same dialysis treatment session.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the introducing of the bicarbonate solution into the ...

pH AND BUFFER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR HEMODIALYSIS SYSTEMS

Systems and methods for managing the pH of a dialysate fluid during hemodialysis therapy. The systems and methods adjust dialysate pH and buffer concentration to generate a predetermined total bicarbonate buffer concentration in a dialysate entering a dialyzer. 1. A system for infusing a buffer into a dialysate , comprising:a dialysate flow loop for circulating a dialysate through a dialyzer, wherein acid or base equivalents are added to the dialysate during operation of the dialysate flow loop;a urea sensor that measures or allows for the calculation of urea content of the dialysate in at least one portion of the dialysate flow loop;an infusate system configured to add a bicarbonate buffer component or unbuffered sodium bicarbonate to the dialysate; anda controller for controlling an amount of the bicarbonate buffer component or unbuffered sodium bicarbonate for addition to the dialysate to generate a predetermined total bicarbonate buffer concentration in the dialysate entering the dialyzer.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system further comprises a dialysate regeneration unit claim 1 , the dialysate regeneration unit for removing a waste species from the dialysate.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the dialysate regeneration unit contains urease for converting urea to ammonium carbonate.4. The system of claim 2 , wherein the dialysate regeneration unit modifies the total bicarbonate buffer concentration of the dialysate entering the dialysate regeneration unit or modifies the pH of the dialysate entering the dialysate regeneration unit.5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the dialysate exiting the dialysate regeneration unit comprises a concentration of bicarbonate buffer that is less than the predetermined total bicarbonate buffer concentration.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the controller determines the total bicarbonate buffer concentration of the dialysate in a first portion of the dialysate flow loop based at least in part upon a urea concentration ...

SODIUM MANAGEMENT FOR HEMODIALYSIS

Systems and methods for managing the sodium concentration of a dialysate fluid during hemodialysis therapy and adjusting sodium concentration using a sodium management system to generate a sodium-modified fluid. The systems and methods also provide a mechanism for controlled addition of sodium ions to the dialysate to generate a predetermined total sodium concentration in a dialysate. 1. A system for kidney replacement therapy and sodium management , comprising:a dialysate flow loop for circulating a dialysate through a dialyzer where at least one waste species enters the dialysate;a dialysate regeneration unit for removing at least a portion of the at least one waste species and releasing at least one conductive species to the dialysate or absorbing at least one conductive species from the dialysate;a conductivity detector that measures the conductivity or sodium ion concentration of the dialysate;a sodium management system for generating a sodium-modified fluid for controlled addition to the dialysate in the dialysate flow loop, the sodium-modified fluid generated by the sodium management system from any one of an input dialysate, input ultrafiltrate, input solid sodium salt or input concentrated sodium resulting in a sodium ion concentration or conductivity that is higher or lower than the fluid in the dialysate flow loop.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sodium-modified fluid is regenerated into a physiologically-compatible dialysate claim 1 , wherein only the physiologically-compatible dialysate is contacted with the blood via the dialyzer.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the physiological compatible dialysate comprises from about 120 to about 150 mM NaCl.4. The system of claim 2 , wherein electrolytes removed from the input dialysate or input ultrafiltrate by the sodium management system are not returned or added to the dialysate in the dialysate flow loop.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the input dialysate or input ultrafiltrate is divided into ...

DISPOSABLE CASSETTE AND SYSTEM FOR DIALYSIS

A disposable cassette and system for dialysis are disclosed. An example disposable cassette includes a rigid portion, a fluid source inlet configured to be placed in fluid communication with a fluid source, and a fluid pumping receptacle placed in fluid communication with the fluid source inlet. The fluid pumping receptacle is configured to operate with a fluid pump actuator to pump fluid from the fluid source. The example disposable cassette also includes a dampening chamber formed as part of the rigid portion and in fluid communication with the fluid pumping receptacle. The dampening chamber is sized and arranged to reduce pressure fluctuations in the fluid delivered from the fluid pumping receptacle. The example disposable cassette further includes an outlet in fluid communication with the dampening chamber. The outlet provides dialysis fluid for a dialysis treatment. 1. A disposable cassette for a dialysis treatment comprising:a rigid portion;a fluid source inlet configured to be placed in fluid communication with a fluid source;a fluid pumping receptacle placed in fluid communication with the fluid source inlet, the fluid pumping receptacle configured to operate with a fluid pump actuator to pump fluid from the fluid source;a dampening chamber formed as part of the rigid portion and in fluid communication with the fluid pumping receptacle, the dampening chamber sized and arranged to reduce pressure fluctuations in the fluid delivered from the fluid pumping receptacle; andan outlet in fluid communication with the dampening chamber, the outlet for providing dialysis fluid for the dialysis treatment.2. The disposable cassette of claim 1 , further comprising a concentrate inlet for communication fluidly with a concentrate source.3. The disposable cassette of claim 2 , wherein fluid from the fluid source is mixed with concentrate from the concentrate source to form the dialysis fluid.4. The disposable cassette of claim 3 , wherein the fluid from the fluid source is ...

SYSTEM FOR PERITONEAL DIALYSIS AND EXTRACORPOREAL BLOOD TREATMENTS

A dialysis system is configured to enable a patient to undergo both peritoneal dialysis and extracorporeal blood treatments. The example dialysis system includes a base unit configurable to provide a first fluid for use in preforming at least one peritoneal dialysis treatment at a first time. The base unit is further configurable to provide a second, different fluid for use in at least one extracorporeal blood treatment at a second, different time. The example dialysis system also includes a blood treatment unit configured to be docked to the base unit. The blood treatment unit includes a blood pump configured to pump blood from the patient to a blood filter and from the blood filter back to the patient. The blood filter or a blood line in communication with the blood filter receives the second fluid from the base unit for use in the at least one extracorporeal blood treatment. 1. : In a system enabling both peritoneal dialysis and extracorporeal blood treatments , the system comprising:a base unit configured to provide first fluid for use in performing at least one peritoneal dialysis treatment on the patient; and a blood pump configured to pump blood from the patient and back to the patient,', 'a controller for controlling the blood pump, and', 'a user interface for displaying at least one of blood pump settings or blood parameter readings,, 'a blood treatment unit operable with the base unit to perform at least one extracorporeal blood treatment on a patient, the blood treatment unit including'}wherein the base unit is configured to provide a second, different fluid for use in the at least one extracorporeal blood treatment.2. : The system of claim 1 , wherein the first fluid is a peritoneal dialysis dialysate and the second fluid is an extracorporeal blood treatment dialysate.3. : The system of claim 1 , wherein the second fluid is a replacement fluid.4. : The system of claim 1 , wherein the base unit is configured to prepare dialysis fluid for the at least one ...

BLOOD CIRCUIT ASSEMBLY FOR A HEMODIALYSIS SYSTEM

A blood circuit assembly for a dialysis unit may include an organizing tray, a pair of pneumatic pumps mounted to the organizing tray for circulating blood received from a patient through a circuit including a dialyzer unit and returned to the patient, an air trap mounted to the organizing tray arranged to remove air from blood circulating in the circuit, a pair of dialyzer connections arranged to connect to the inlet and outlet of a dialyzer unit, and a pair of blood line connectors, one inlet blood line connector for receiving blood from the patient and providing blood to the pneumatic pumps and the other outlet blood line connector for returning blood to the patient. 1. A blood circuit assembly for a dialysis unit , comprising:an organizing tray;a pair of pneumatic pumps mounted to the organizing tray for circulating blood received from a patient through a circuit including a dialyzer unit and returned to the patient;an air trap mounted to the organizing tray arranged to remove air from blood circulating in the circuit;a pair of dialyzer connections arranged to connect to the inlet and outlet of a dialyzer unit; anda pair of blood line connectors, one inlet blood line connector for receiving blood from the patient and providing blood to the pneumatic pumps and the other outlet blood line connector for returning blood to the patient.2. The blood circuit assembly of claim 1 , further comprising an anticoagulant connection for engaging with an anticoagulant source and providing anticoagulant into the circuit.3. The blood circuit assembly of claim 2 , further comprising a pump for pumping anticoagulant from the anticoagulant source to the circuit.4. The blood circuit assembly of claim 3 , wherein the pair of pneumatic pumps claim 3 , the anticoagulant connection claim 3 , and the anticoagulant pump are part of a pump cassette.5. The blood circuit assembly of claim 4 , wherein the inlet blood line connector is connected to an inlet for the pump cassette claim 4 , an ...

SORBENT FOR A DIALYSIS DEVICE AND DIALYSIS SYSTEM

The invention relates to a sorbent for removing metabolic waste products from a dialysis liquid, the sorbent comprising a soluble source of sodium ions. The sorbent comprises an ion exchange system which converts urea to ammonium ions and which is configured to exchange ammonium ions for predominantly hydrogen ions and to exchange Ca, Mg, and K for predominantly sodium ions. The soluble source of sodium ions overcomes an initial drop in sodium concentration in regenerated dialysate. When used in conjunction with an infusion system configured to utilise exchange of Ca, Mg and K for sodium during dialysate regeneration a desired sodium ion concentration can be maintained. 1. A sorbent for removing metabolic waste products from a dialysis liquid , the sorbent comprising a homogeneous mixture of: (a) uremic toxin-treating enzyme particles comprising a uremic toxin-treating enzyme immobilized on a solid support; (b) cation exchange particles configured to exchange ammonium ions for predominantly hydrogen ions and to exchange essential cations predominantly for sodium ions; and (c) anion exchange particles , and further comprising a soluble source of sodium ions , wherein the cation exchange particles are set to a pH range of from 3.5 to 5.0.2. A sorbent as claimed in wherein the soluble source of sodium ions is a soluble salt.3. A sorbent as claimed in wherein the soluble salt is a basic salt.4. A sorbent as claimed in wherein the soluble salt is selected from one or more of the group consisting of sodium carbonate claim 3 , sodium bicarbonate and sodium hydroxide.5. (canceled)6. A sorbent as claimed in wherein the soluble salt is a neutral salt or a salt of a weak acid.7. (canceled)8. A sorbent as claimed in wherein said cation exchange particles are set to a pH of 4.5.9. A sorbent as claimed in wherein said cation exchange particles comprise an amorphous claim 1 , water-insoluble metal phosphate in protonated form.10. (canceled)11. (canceled)12. A sorbent as claimed in ...

SELECTIVE SORBENT-BASED REGENERATION DIALYSIS SYSTEMS AND METHODS

Systems and methods are provided for performing selective sorbent-based regeneration of dialysate. The systems and method provide for dialysate regeneration to be carried out intermittently throughout a dialysis session, decreasing the necessary amounts of sorbent materials and infusates to conduct dialysis. The system and methods allow for regeneration of dialysate as needed based on the concentration of waste species in the dialysate, allowing for effective treatment with a decreased need for sorbent materials. 1. A dialysis flow loop , comprising:a dialyzer flow loop having a dialyzer and at least a first dialysate storage container;a regeneration flow loop having a sorbent cartridge, the regeneration flow loop fluidly connectable to the dialyzer flow loop;at least one valve positioned to control fluid movement between the dialyzer flow loop and the regeneration flow loop; anda controller to control the valve, wherein the controller controls the valve based on an amount of waste solutes in a dialysate in the dialyzer flow loop.2. The dialysis flow loop of claim 1 , further comprising at least a first dialyzer flow loop pump located in the dialyzer flow loop claim 1 , and at least a one regeneration flow loop pump located in the regeneration flow loop.3. The dialysis flow loop of claim 2 , further comprising a second dialyzer flow loop pump claim 2 , wherein the first dialyzer flow loop pump is located on an inlet side of the dialyzer claim 2 , and wherein the second dialyzer flow loop pump is located on an outlet side of the dialyzer.4. The dialysis flow loop of claim 1 , further comprising a second dialysate storage container in the dialyzer flow loop; wherein the first dialysate storage container is located on an inlet side of the dialyzer claim 1 , and wherein the second dialysate storage container is located on an outlet side of the dialyzer.5. The dialysis flow loop of claim 1 , further comprising a dialysate storage container in the regeneration flow loop ...

PRESERVING SORBENT DEVICES IN DIALYSIS SYSTEMS

A method of preserving a sorbent device of a dialysis system, the method comprising—after administering a first dialysis treatment at the dialysis system and before administering a second dialysis treatment at the dialysis system—circulating a fluid through the sorbent device to prevent matter within the sorbent device from solidifying and circulating the fluid through a filter coupled to an outlet of the sorbent device to remove contaminants from the fluid.

PRECISION RECHARGING BASED ON SORBENT EFFLUENT ANALYSIS

The invention relates to devices, systems, and methods for precision recharging of sorbent materials in a sorbent module. The devices, systems, and methods use sensor-based analysis of an effluent of the sorbent module during recharging to set recharge parameters used in recharging the sorbent material. 1. A system , comprising:{'b': 101', '301', '401', '302', '402', '305', '306', '405', '406', '307', '407', '310', '413', '309', '411', '304', '404, 'a sorbent recharger (), the sorbent recharger comprising a recharging flow path (, ), the recharging flow path fluidly connectable to a sorbent module (, ) containing at least one sorbent material; at least one recharge solution source (, , , ) containing at least one recharge solution for recharging the at least one sorbent material within the sorbent module, the at least one recharge solution source fluidly connectable to a sorbent module inlet; at least one pump (, ) in the recharging flow path; and at least a first sensor (, ) in an effluent line (, ) fluidly connectable to a sorbent module outlet (, ) of the sorbent module; and'}a processor; the processor programmed to receive data from the first sensor and to set at least one recharge parameter for recharging of the at least one sorbent material.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one sorbent material comprises zirconium phosphate.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one sorbent material comprises zirconium oxide.4. The system of any of - claim 1 , wherein the at least one recharge parameter is selected from the group consisting of a volume of at least one recharge solution introduced through the sorbent module claim 1 , a concentration of at least one recharge solution introduced through the sorbent module claim 1 , and a flow rate of at least one recharge solution introduced through the sorbent module.5311412. The system of any of - claim 1 , further comprising at least a second sensor ( claim 1 , ) positioned between the at least one ...

Dialysate free artificial kidney device

A device and method are described for the treatment of blood, which device may be used in conjunction with or in place of a failed Kidney. The device includes an ultrafiltration unit to remove proteins, red and white blood cells and other high molecular weight components, a nanofiltration unit to remove glucose, at least one electrodeionization unit to transport ions from the blood stream, and a reverse osmosis unit to modulate the flow of water, to both the blood and urine streams. In one embodiment, a specialized electrodeionization unit is provided having multiple chambers defining multiple dilute fluid channels, each channel filled with an ion specific resin wafer, and electrodes at the extremity of the device and proximate each of the resin filled dilute channels. By selective application of voltages to these electrodes, the ion transport functionality of a given dilute channel can be turned on or off. 1. A separation device for the selective removal of ions from an ion containing fluid comprising:an electrodeionization stack having a multiplicity of fluid flow chambers, first and second outer flow chambers at the external boundary of the device defined on a first side of the stack by a first exterior electrode, and on the other side of the stack by a second exterior electrode, the inside wall of said first and second outer flow chambers defined interiorly by an ionic membrane disposed parallel to and spaced from said exterior electrodes;additional interior flow chambers of the device defined by a plurality of separation membranes, with alternating interior flow chambers filled with resin wafers of specific ion transport capabilities;additional electrodes associated with each of the interior resin wafer filled flow chambers; and,means for selectively applying a voltage to one or more of the electrodes of the device.2. The separation device of wherein said additional electrodes are disposed within the resin wafer filled flow chambers.3. The separation device of ...

Enhanced Clearance In An Artificial Kidney Incorporating A Pulsatile Pump

A continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) device is provided that weighs between 2 and 10 pounds. The CRRT device can be portable, mobile or completely worn on the person of the patient. Blood and dialysate are each pumped in a pulsed or pulsatile manner through a dialyzer such that a significant portion of the peak pulse of the blood flow coincides with a significant portion of a low pulse portion of the dialysate flow. An differential pressure between a dialysate inlet of the dialyzer and the blood inlet of the dialyzer periodically changes from a high differential pressure of between 70 and 120 mmHg for a first time period and a low differential pressure of between −10 and 10 mmHg for a first time period and a low differential pressure of between −10 and 10 mmHg for a second time period. The frequency of the high and low differential pressure cycle is between about 0.5 and 4 Hz. 1. A method of dialysis comprising:receiving blood in a blood circuit of a dialysis device;pumping the blood in a pulsed manner to provide an average pulsatile blood flow rate of between 30 and 90 ml/min;pumping dialysate, in a dialysate circuit of said dialysis device, in a pulsed manner to provide an average pulsatile dialysate flow rate of between 30 and 90 ml/min;receiving said pumped blood at a blood inlet of a dialyzer; andreceiving said pumped dialysate at a dialysate inlet of said dialyzer, wherein a pressure differential between said blood in said blood inlet and said dialysate in said dialysate inlet fluctuates at a periodic rate between 0 mmHg+/−10 mmHg and 120 mmHg+/−20 mmHg; andtransferring urea molecules from said blood to said dialysate while said blood and said dialysate are passing through said dialyzer;cleaning said dialysate by a filtration means, said cleaned dialysate being recirculated in said dialysate circuit.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein cleaning said dialysate further comprises regenerating said dialysate by adding predetermined additives to said ...

DIALYSIS SYSTEM

A dialysis system is disclosed. An example dialysis system includes a heat disinfected dialysate fluid path. The example dialysis system also includes a disposable blood fluid path. The example dialysis system also includes an active carbon filter to purify influent water to purified water for dialysis or as a substitution fluid. An example method for dialysis includes providing a heat disinfected dialysate fluid path, providing a disposable blood fluid path, and purifying influent water via an active carbon filter to for dialysis or as a substitution fluid. 1. A hemodialysis system , comprising:a heat disinfected dialysate fluid path;a disposable blood fluid path; andan active carbon filter to purify influent water to purified water for dialysis or as a substitution fluid.2. The hemodialysis system of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of subsystems configured such that spent dialysate is filtered by active carbon filter and reused as dialysate for hemodialysis.3. The hemodialysis system of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of subsystems configured as a single machine to purify the influent water by active carbon filter and hemodialysis treatment claim 1 , wherein the system provides heat disinfection of a dialysis machine with active carbon filter by the same component used for water purification.5. A water purification method for hemodialysis claim 1 , comprising:providing a heat disinfected dialysate fluid path;providing a disposable blood fluid path; andpurifying influent water via an active carbon filter for dialysis or as a substitution fluid.6. The water purification method of claim 5 , further comprising water purification modules sized with relation to the contaminant levels in the feed water.7. The water purification method of claim 5 , further comprising providing bagged water or dialysate solutions.8. The water purification method of claim 5 , further comprising determining the fluid flow rate from at least one bag.9. The water purification ...

Process For Regeneration Of Spent Zirconium Phosphate For Reuse in Sorbent Treatments

A method is provided for regenerating spent zirconium phosphate for reuse in sorbent dialysis treatments or other re-uses as a sorbent material. The method includes contacting spent zirconium phosphate with an aqueous disinfectant solution having at least one antimicrobial agent, and treating the resulting disinfected zirconium phosphate with an acidic solution to provide a treated zirconium phosphate that can be re-used as a sorbent material. Sorbent cartridge products containing the regenerated spent zirconium phosphate are also provided. Methods and systems for sorbent dialysis which re-use the regenerated zirconium phosphate such as part of sorbent cartridges, additionally are provided. 1. A method for regeneration of spent zirconium phosphate comprising:a) contacting spent zirconium phosphate with an aqueous disinfectant solution comprising at least one antimicrobial agent to provide disinfected zirconium phosphate, andb) treating the disinfected zirconium phosphate with an acidic solution to provide a treated zirconium phosphate.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the treating removes cations adsorbed on the disinfected zirconium phosphate.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising filtering and washing the disinfected zirconium phosphate to provide washed disinfected zirconium phosphate before the treating step b).4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the washing of the disinfected zirconium phosphate comprises washing the disinfected zirconium phosphate with an aqueous solution to obtain a halogen ppm level of about 0 ppm in wash effluent.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising c) filtering and washing the treated zirconium phosphate to provide washed treated zirconium phosphate.6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising d) titrating the washed treated zirconium phosphate to a pH of about 5.5 to about 8.5 to provide titrated zirconium phosphate.7. The method of claim 6 , further comprising e) filtering and washing the titrated zirconium phosphate to ...

Modular dialysate regeneration assembly

A customizable modular dialysate regeneration assembly with connectable sorbent packaging systems. The dialysate regeneration assembly can be customized based on patient parameters or dialysis session parameters. A processor can be included that can determine the correct amount of each sorbent material necessary for a given patient and a given dialysis session.

Sorbent And Chemical Regeneration Of Dialysate

The present invention generally relates to systems and methods for the regeneration of spent dialysis solutions. The present invention further relates to systems and methods for continuously regenerating spent dialysis solution during dialysis. The present invention further relates to systems and methods for conducting dialysis that further include using chemical and physical separators in conjunction with ion exchange cartridges and/or adsorption cartridges. 19-. (canceled)10. A method for regenerating spent dialysate comprising passing said spent dialysate , which contains urea , through at least one sorbent device capable of converting at least a portion of said urea to ammonia , and then passing said spent dialysate through a liquid-liquid counter-current extractor to remove at least a portion of said ammonia from said spent dialysate.11. The method of claim 10 , further comprising passing said spent dialysate claim 10 , after removing at least a portion of said ammonia claim 10 , through one or more subsequent sorbent devices to further purify said spent dialysate.12. The method of claim 11 , wherein said one or more subsequent sorbent devices comprise at least one cartridge capable of removing phosphate or a portion thereof claim 11 , and/or capable of removing organic uremic toxins or a portion thereof.13. The method of claim 10 , wherein said passing of said spent dialysate through said liquid-liquid counter-current extractor comprises countercurrently passing the spent dialysate containing ammonia and at least one liquid immiscible with dialysate solution containing an extractor molecule through said liquid-liquid counter-current extractor claim 10 , wherein the extractor molecule is complexed with the ammonia removed from said spent dialysate to produce a complex.14. The method of claim 13 , further comprising heating said at least one liquid and said complex after said countercurrently passing of said spent dialysate and said at least one liquid claim 13 ...

Hybrid blood and peritoneal dialysis treatment systems and methods

A method for a hybrid blood and peritoneal dialysis (“PD”) machine comprising: (i) determining whether a previous treatment left a last fill of dialysate in a patient's peritoneum; (ii) if a next treatment is a PD treatment, and if the previous treatment did not leave the last fill of dialysate, causing a PD treatment in which a first cycle is a fill cycle to be initiated; (iii) if the next treatment is a PD treatment, and if the previous treatment did leave the last fill of dialysate, causing a PD treatment in which a first cycle is a last fill drain cycle to be initiated; and (iv) if the next treatment is a blood treatment and if the previous treatment did leave the last fill of dialysate, causing a blood treatment including a last fill drain cycle to be initiated.

DIALYSATE REGENERATING DEVICE

Devices and methods for regenerating dialysate are disclosed. In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides a multi-stage dialysate regenerating device comprising a first stage having a filter membrane for filtering a dialysate solution into a first fluid flow and a second fluid flow and a second stage having an osmotic membrane for allowing transfer of solvent from one of the first or second fluid flow into the other. Multi-stage dialysate regenerating devices with at least one stage operating by forward-osmosis are also disclosed. 1. A method , comprising:filtering a dialysate fluid into a permeate fluid and retentate fluid with a filter membrane having a nominal molecular weight limit (NMWL) of 500 kDa or less; andpassing water from the permeate fluid into the retentate fluid through an osmotic membrane separate from the filter membrane and having a lower nominal molecular weight limit (NMWL) than the nominal molecular weight limit (NMWL) of the filter membrane.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein:passing water from the permeate fluid into the retentate fluid through an osmotic membrane includes passing water from the permeate fluid into the retentate fluid using forward osmosis or partial forward osmosis.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein:the filter membrane has a nominal molecular weight limit (NMWL) of 100 kDa or less.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein:the filter membrane has a nominal molecular weight limit (NMWL) of 10 kDa or less.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein:the nominal molecular weight limit (NMWL) of the osmotic membrane is less than 80% of the nominal molecular weight limit (NMWL) of the filter membrane.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein:the nominal molecular weight limit (NMWL) of the osmotic membrane is less than 50% of the nominal molecular weight limit (NMWL) of the filter membrane.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein:the nominal molecular weight limit (NMWL) of the osmotic membrane is less than 30% of the nominal molecular weight limit (NMWL ...

SORBENT CARTRIDGE TO MEASURE SOLUTE CONCENTRATIONS

A sorbent based monitoring system for measuring the solute concentration of at least one component of a fluid. The system has a sorbent regeneration system for regeneration of the fluid and has a sorbent cartridge that has at least one material layer. The fluid is conveyed through the sorbent cartridge and contacts at least one sensor after having contacted at least one material layer. 1. A sorbent based monitoring system for measuring a solute concentration of at least one component of a fluid , comprising:a sorbent regeneration system for regeneration of the fluid, wherein the sorbent regeneration system has a sorbent cartridge having at least one material layer, wherein the fluid is conveyed through the sorbent cartridge and contacts at least one sensor after having contacted at least one material layer.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the fluid is a dialysate for hemodialysis or hemodiafiltration and the sorbent cartridge receives a spent dialysate containing at least one species from the dialysate outlet port of a dialyzer and removes at least a portion of a species from the dialysate to regenerate the dialysate for recirculation of at least a portion of the regenerated dialysate to the dialysate inlet port of a dialyzer.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the fluid is a filtrate and the sorbent cartridge receives a filtrate containing at least one species from the filtrate outlet port of a hemofilter and removes at least a portion of a species from the filtrate to regenerate a replacement fluid for return of at least a portion of the regenerated replacement fluid to a conduit of an extracorporeal circuit.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the fluid is a dialysate for peritoneal dialysis and the sorbent cartridge receives a spent dialysate containing at least one species from a subject receiving treatment and removes at least a portion of a species from the dialysate to regenerate the dialysate for recirculation of at least a portion of the regenerated ...

FLUID CIRCUITS FOR SORBENT CARTRIDGE WITH SENSORS

A system for measuring at least one fluid characteristic at various stages within a sorbent system that has a sorbent cartridge that has at least one material layer and at least one fluid passageway in at least one location in the sorbent system to provide a diverted sample stream from the various stages. At least one fluid characteristic of the diverted sample stream is measured. 1. A system for measuring at least one fluid characteristic at various stages within a sorbent regeneration system , comprising:a sorbent cartridge having at least one material layer;at least one fluid passageway in at least one location in the sorbent regeneration system to provide a diverted sample stream from the various stages; wherein the at least one fluid characteristic of the diverted sample stream is measured.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the fluid is the dialysate from a dialyzer.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system has various positions along a sorbent regeneration flow path for additionally measuring at least one or more fluid characteristic.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one material layer comprises one or more selected from a urease-containing material claim 1 , alumina claim 1 , zirconium phosphate claim 1 , zirconium oxide claim 1 , a divalent ion exchanger claim 1 , activated carbon claim 1 , and combinations thereof.5. The system of claim 4 , wherein all material layers of the sorbent system are contained within a single container or cartridge.6. The system of claim 4 , wherein at least one material layer of the sorbent system is contained in a separate container or cartridge from at least one of the other material layers of the sorbent system.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein a measured characteristic is the conductivity of the diverted sample stream.8. The system of claim 7 , wherein the conductivity of the diverted sample stream is measured by electrodes.9. The system of wherein the measured characteristic is the pH of the diverted ...

Recirculating dialysate fluid circuit for blood measurement

A blood based solute monitoring system for measuring at least one blood solute species that has a first recirculation flow path in fluid communication with a dialyzer. The first recirculation flow path is configured to allow a fluid to recirculate through a dialyzer such that the concentration of at least one solute species in the fluid becomes equilibrated to the solute species concentration of the blood in a blood compartment of the dialyzer. The blood solute monitoring system has at least one sensor to measure a fluid characteristic.

SORBENT CARTRIDGE WITH ELECTRODES

A sorbent cartridge that has at least one sensor located within the sorbent cartridge. 1. A sorbent cartridge comprising at least one sensor located within the sorbent cartridge.2. A sorbent cartridge comprising at least one sensor in contact with at least one material layer in the sorbent cartridge.3. The sorbent cartridge of or , wherein the sensor is a conductivity sensor.4. The sorbent cartridge of claim 3 , wherein said conductivity sensor has electrodes.5. The sorbent cartridge of claim 4 , wherein said electrodes are ion selective.6. The sorbent cartridge of claim 1 , wherein the sorbent cartridge contains at least one material layer.7. The sorbent cartridge of or claim 1 , wherein at least one material layer comprises one or more selected from a urease-containing material claim 1 , alumina claim 1 , zirconium phosphate claim 1 , zirconium oxide claim 1 , and activated carbon claim 1 , and combinations thereof.8. The sorbent cartridge of or comprising a plurality of sensors.9. The sorbent cartridge of claim 8 , wherein at least two sensors are positioned parallel to a central axis in the direction of fluid flow of the sorbent cartridge.10. The sorbent cartridge of claim 8 , wherein at least two sensors are positioned perpendicular to a central axis in the direction of fluid flow of the sorbent cartridge.11. The sorbent cartridge of claim 8 , wherein the plurality of sensors is located in at least two different locations within said sorbent cartridge.12. The sorbent cartridge of claim 8 , wherein the plurality of sensors is located in at least two different material layers within said sorbent cartridge.13. The sorbent cartridge of or claim 8 , wherein said at least one sensor is in contact with at least one of said material layers contained in said sorbent cartridge.14. The sorbent cartridge of or claim 8 , wherein at least one said sensor is located between two different material layers.15. The sorbent cartridge of claim 13 , wherein at least two sensors are ...

RECIRCULATING DIALYSATE FLUID CIRCUIT FOR BLOOD MEASUREMENT

A blood based solute monitoring system for measuring at least one blood solute species that has a first recirculation flow path in fluid communication with a dialyzer. The first recirculation flow path is configured to allow a fluid to recirculate through a dialyzer such that the concentration of at least one solute species in the fluid becomes equilibrated to the solute species concentration of the blood in a blood compartment of the dialyzer. The blood solute monitoring system has at least one sensor to measure a fluid characteristic. 1. A method for measuring a solute concentration of at least one blood solute species during a fluid therapy , comprising the steps of:switching fluid flow from a first flow path to a dialyzer recirculation flow path;equilibrating a dialysate with a blood side of a dialyzer; andmeasuring the solute concentration in the dialysate that has been equilibrated with the blood side of the dialyzer;the method using a system comprising the dialyzer recirculation flow path in fluid communication with the dialyzer wherein the dialyzer recirculation flow path is configured to allow the dialysate to recirculate through the dialyzer such that a concentration of at least one solute species in the dialysate becomes equilibrated to the concentration of the solute species in the blood in the blood side of the dialyzer; and at least one sensor to measure a fluid characteristic of the fluid.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of switching flow from the dialyzer recirculation flow path to the first flow path for continuing with the fluid therapy.3. A method for measuring BUN via the use of fluid therapy device including a sorbent regeneration system and a dialyzer claim 1 , comprising the steps of:switching fluid flow in the fluid therapy device from a first flow path to a sorbent bypass fluid path;recirculating a dialysate through the dialyzer; andequilibrating the dialysate with blood in the blood side of the dialyzer;the method ...

Priming System and Method for Dialysis Systems

The application is directed to an extracorporeal blood processing system capable of using dialysate to prime the system. A plastic molded compact manifold supports molded blood and dialysate fluidic pathways along with relevant sensors, valves and pumps. The compact manifold is also disposable in one embodiment and can be detachably installed in the dialysis machine. A two-way valve in the manifold is used to direct the dialysate flow through the blood circuit to prime the circuit for use in treatment. 1. A priming process for priming a manifold within a dialysis machine for use in a dialysis treatment , comprising the steps of:a. Inserting said manifold into the dialysis machine, wherein said manifold comprises a substrate defining a first circuit and a second circuit and a compressible valve structure in fluid communication with each of said first and second circuits, wherein said valve structure has a first state and a second state and wherein, when in said first state, fluid from the first circuit cannot enter into the second circuit and when in said second state, fluid from the first circuit can enter into the second circuit;b. Placing said valve in said second state by removing pressure from said compressible valve structure;c. Pumping fluid through said first and second circuits;d. Placing said valve in said first state by applying pressure to said compressible valve structure; ande. Removing fluid from said second circuit.2. The priming process of wherein the first circuit is a dialysate circuit and wherein the second circuit is a blood circuit.3. The priming process of wherein the fluid is dialysate and wherein claim 2 , in said second state claim 2 , the dialysate flows through the dialysate circuit and into the blood circuit.4. The priming process of wherein the dialysate is removed from the blood circuit upon completion of the priming process.5. The priming process of wherein the dialysate is pumped from a dialysate reservoir and not from a separate ...

Conductivity Control Systems

A dialysis system has a module with a dialyzer configured to remove one or more substances from a dialysis solution as it passes through a dialyzer. The module has a fluid line, a sorbent cartridge, and a sodium control system adapted to actively alter a sodium concentration of dialysis solution passing through the fluid line as the dialysis solution exits the sorbent cartridge. The sodium control system has a conductivity sensor that sends a signal indicating the conductivity of the dialysis solution as the dialysis solution exits the sorbent cartridge, the conductivity meter being in communication with the sodium control system, a processor configured to receive the signal from the conductivity sensor, compare the conductivity signal to a threshold value lower than a prescription value, and cause the sodium control system to stop actively altering the sodium concentration if the signal is greater than the threshold value. 1. A dialysis system , comprising: a fluid line in fluid communication with the dialyzer;', 'a sorbent cartridge in fluid communication with the fluid line; and', a conductivity sensor that is adapted to send a signal indicating the conductivity of the dialysis solution as the dialysis solution exits the sorbent cartridge, the conductivity meter being in communication with the sodium control system; and', 'a processor configured to receive the signal from the conductivity sensor, compare the conductivity signal to a threshold value lower than a prescription value, and cause the sodium control system to stop actively altering the sodium concentration if the signal is greater than the threshold value and adding dilution water to the solution exiting the sorbent cartridge if the signal is greater than the prescription value., 'a sodium control system in fluid communication with the fluid line, the sodium control system being adapted to actively alter a sodium concentration of dialysis solution passing through the fluid line as the dialysis solution ...

PORTABLE HEMODIALYSIS MACHINE AND DISPOSABLE CARTRIDGE

A portable hemodialysis system is provided including a disposable cartridge and a reused dialysis machine. The disposable cartridge includes a dialyzer, and a dialysate flow path and a blood flow path which flow in opposing directions through the dialyzer. The disposable cartridge includes pressure and fluid flow sensors for measuring the pressure and fluid flow in the dialysate flow path and blood flow path. In addition, the disposable cartridge possesses pump actuators (but not pump motors) for pumping dialysate and blood through their respective flow paths. Preferably, the disposable cartridge includes a filter for removing waste products from dialysate. 1. A disposable cartridge for hemodialysis comprising:a blood flow path;a dialysate flow path, isolated from the blood flow path;a dialyzer in said blood flow path and said dialysate flow path, said dialyzer including a semipermeable membrane that separates said blood flow path and said dialysate flow path;a first pump actuator connected to said dialysate flow path upflow from said dialyzer which pumps dialysate through said dialysate flow path; anda second pump actuator connected to said dialysate flow path downflow from said dialyzer which pumps dialysate through said dialysate flow path.2. The disposable cartridge for hemodialysis of further comprising:a flow sensor connected to said dialysate flow path which measures the fluid flow within said dialysate flow path;a pressure sensor connected to said dialysate flow path which measures the pressure within said dialysate flow path; andcartridge electrical terminals electrically connected to said disposable cartridge's flow sensor and said disposable cartridge's pressure sensor, said cartridge electrical terminals located upon the exterior of the disposable cartridge so as to engage and electrically connect, or disengage and electrically disconnect, to electrical terminals of a reusable dialysis machine.3. The disposable cartridge for hemodialysis of further ...

PRESSURE RELIEF MECHANISM FOR SORBENT CANISTERS

A sorbent canister utilized when performing a dialysis treatment during hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) is provided. The sorbent canister includes inlet and outlet ports that include a threaded interface for connection to inlet and outlet tubes for circulation of dialysate through the sorbent canister. Upon disconnection from a dialysis machine, a pressure relief cap can be threaded onto the threaded interface to seal the fluid in the sorbent canister while allowing for off-gases to be expelled when a pressure within the sorbent canister exceeds a threshold pressure, thereby preventing a rupture in the canister body. In one embodiment, the pressure relief cap includes a deformable insert with a hole formed therein that is closed in an uncompressed state and opened in a compressed state. In another embodiment, the pressure relief cap includes a diaphragm that mates with a feature of the inlet or outlet port. 1. A sorbent canister for utilization in a dialysis system , the sorbent canister comprising:a canister body including an inlet port and an outlet port; andat least one pressure-relief cap coupled to one or more of the inlet port and the outlet port, wherein the pressure relief cap is configured to open a fluid path from the inlet port or the outlet port to an external environment of the canister body when a pressure within the canister body exceeds a threshold pressure.20. The sorbent canister according to claim , wherein the pressure relief cap comprises:a cap body with a recess formed therein that allows fluid to flow through a first end of the recess, the cap body including a surface disposed at a second end of the recess, the surface including a hole formed therein; anda deformable insert that is inserted into the recess adjacent the surface, wherein, in an uncompressed state, the deformable insert prevents fluid flow between the first end of the recess and the hole, and wherein, in a compressed state, the deformable insert allows fluid flow ...

Detachable Module for Recharging Sorbent Materials with Optional ByPass

A detachable module for optionally recharging sorbent materials, including zirconium phosphate, with an optional bypass and conduits for a sorbent cartridge. The sorbent cartridge can have one or more modules contained therein having connectors connecting each of the modules. One or more of the modules can be reusable and the sorbent materials therein recharged. 1. A method of recycling a removable module , comprising the steps of:disconnecting a removable module from connectors connecting the removable module to another module, a bypass line and/or a wash line;removing the removable module from a sorbent cartridge;emptying the removable module of a sorbent material;refilling the removable module with new sorbent material; andreconnecting the removable module to the connectors in the sorbent cartridge.2. A method for replacing a removable module , comprising the steps of:disconnecting a removable module from connectors connecting the removable module to another module, a bypass line and/or a wash line;removing the removable module from a sorbent cartridge;discarding the removed module;inserting and attaching to the connectors a new module in the sorbent cartridge.3. A method for recharging sorbent material within a reusable sorbent cartridge , comprising the steps of:disconnecting a reusable module from connectors connecting the reusable module to another module, bypass line, and/or a wash line;connecting the reusable module to a recharger, wherein the recharger contains a fluid capable of regenerating the sorbent material in the removable module;passing the fluid from the recharger through the reusable module; andreconnecting the reusable module to the connectors in the sorbent cartridge.4. The method of wherein the reusable module contains zirconium phosphate claim 3 , and the recharger contains a solution comprising sodium and hydrogen ions.5. The method of wherein the reusable module further contains ion exchange resin.6. The method of wherein the reusable ...

DIALYSIS SYSTEM HAVING A VENTED DISPOSABLE DIALYSIS FLUID CARRYING MEMBER

A system for performing a dialysis treatment includes a dialysis fluid machine; a disposable dialysis fluid carrying member operable with the dialysis fluid machine; and a venting filter provided by the disposable member, the venting filter positioned and arranged to be coupled along with the disposable member to the dialysis fluid machine to perform the dialysis treatment and to vent air from the disposable member. 1. A system for performing a dialysis treatment comprising:a dialysis fluid machine;a disposable dialysis fluid carrying member operable with the dialysis fluid machine; anda venting filter provided by the disposable member, the venting filter positioned and arranged to be coupled along with the disposable member to the dialysis fluid machine to perform the dialysis treatment and to vent air from the disposable member.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the venting filter is in fluid communication with at least one of a pump chamber of the disposable member or a patient line extending from the disposable member.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the venting filter is positioned and arranged to vent air from the disposable member during the dialysis treatment.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the dialysis machine includes a controller configured to cause a priming sequence to be performed claim 1 , the venting filter allowing air to escape during the priming sequence.5. The system of claim 1 , which includes at least one dialysis fluid container in fluid communication with the disposable member.6. The system of claim 1 , which includes a port extending from the disposable member claim 1 , the venting filter attached to the port.7. The system of claim 1 , which includes a bushing claim 1 , the venting filter fixed to the bushing claim 1 , the bushing attached to the disposable member.8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the venting filter includes a hydrophobic membrane.9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the venting filter is made from a material selected ...

PARALLEL MODULES FOR IN-LINE RECHARGING OF SORBENTS USING ALTERNATE DUTY CYCLES

Parallel modules for in-line recharging of sorbent materials using alternate duty cycles for a sorbent cartridge. The sorbent cartridge can have two or more modules contained therein having connectors connecting each of the modules. One or more of the modules can be reusable and the sorbent materials therein can be recharged. 1. A method of recharging a sorbent , comprising the steps of:connecting at least a first module and a second module in parallel with one or more connectors;fluidly connecting at least one connector to a wash line, wherein the wash line is fluidly connected to a recharger;fluidly connecting at least one connector to a bypass line, wherein the bypass line diverts flow from the connector to bypass at least one module;connecting one or more valves to the connectors at junctions between the modules, bypass lines and/or the wash lines; andselectively opening and closing the valves to direct flow through the connectors, modules, bypass lines and/or wash lines.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more valves are any one of a two-way claim 1 , three-way claim 1 , four-way valve or combinations thereof.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein a valve is positioned on a connector before the first module claim 1 , the valve connecting the connector claim 1 , a wash line and the second module claim 1 , wherein the valve is open to the wash line claim 1 , and closed to the connector and second module such that flow is directed to a recharger.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein a valve is positioned on a connector before the first module claim 1 , the valve connecting the connector claim 1 , a wash line and the second module claim 1 , wherein the valve is open to the wash line and connector claim 1 , and closed to the second module such that flow is directed to a recharger.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein a valve is positioned on a connector before the first module claim 1 , the valve connecting the connector claim 1 , a wash line and the second module ...

Parallel Modules for In-Line Recharging of Sorbents Using Alternate Duty Cycles

Parallel modules for in-line recharging of sorbent materials using alternate duty cycles for a sorbent cartridge. The sorbent cartridge can have two or more modules contained therein having connectors connecting each of the modules. One or more of the modules can be reusable and the sorbent materials therein can be recharged. 1. A sorbent cartridge , comprising:at least two modules, wherein the at least two modules are positioned parallel to one another;the modules having one or more connectors fluidly connectable to any one of a fluid flow path, a wash line wherein the wash line is fluidly connectable to a recharger, and a bypass line wherein the bypass line is fluidly connectable to another module or fluid flow path.2. The sorbent cartridge of claim 1 , further comprising valves positioned before and/or after the modules on the connectors to selectively direct flow through the modules claim 1 , fluid flow paths claim 1 , wash lines claim 1 , or bypass lines.3. The sorbent cartridge of claim 2 , further comprising valves positioned before and/or after the modules on the connectors to selectively direct flow through the modules.4. The sorbent cartridge of or claim 2 , wherein the valve is any one of a two-way claim 2 , three-way claim 2 , four-way valve or combinations thereof.5. The sorbent cartridge of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the modules is configured to be in an offline state by being fluidly connectable to one or more recharger claim 1 , and at least one of the modules is configured to be in an online state by being fluidly connectable to any one of the fluid flow path or the bypass line.6. The sorbent cartridge of claim 2 , wherein a first module is positioned in series before a second and third module claim 2 , wherein the second and third module are positioned parallel to one another.7. The sorbent cartridge of claim 6 , wherein the first module is connected to a first connector the first connector having a first valve claim 6 , wherein the first ...

Module for In-Line Recharging of Sorbent Materials with Optional Bypass

A module for optionally recharging sorbent materials in-line, including zirconium phosphate, with an optional bypass and conduits for a sorbent cartridge. The sorbent cartridge can have one or more modules contained therein having connectors connecting each of the modules. One or more of the modules can be reusable and the sorbent materials therein recharged. 1. A sorbent cartridge , comprising:at least one reusable module having one or more connectors fluidly connectable to any part of a fluid flow path selected from any one of a wash line, a bypass line or a fluid line;wherein the wash line is optionally fluidly connectable to a recharger;wherein the bypass line is optionally fluidly connectable to another module; andwherein the fluid line is optionally fluidly connectable to any portion of a dialysis circuit.2. The sorbent cartridge of claim 1 , further comprising at least one valve positioned before and/or after the modules on the connectors to selectively direct flow through at least one module claim 1 , wash line claim 1 , recharger claim 1 , or bypass line.3. The sorbent cartridge of claim 2 , further comprising any one of a four-way claim 2 , three-way claim 2 , two-way valve claim 2 , or combinations thereof claim 2 , positioned before and/or after the modules on the connectors to selectively direct fluid flow through the modules claim 2 , wash line claim 2 , recycler and/or bypass line.4. The sorbent cartridge of claim 1 , wherein the reusable module is configured to be in an off-line state by being fluidly connectable to a recharger.5. The sorbent cartridge of claim 1 , wherein the reusable module is configured to be in an in-line state by being fluidly connectable to any one of the fluid line or the bypass line.6. The sorbent cartridge of claim 1 , wherein a least one reusable module and a second module are connected in series claim 1 , and a first bypass line connects a first valve positioned on a connector before the reusable module to a second valve; ...

pH BUFFER MEASUREMENT SYSTEM FOR HEMODIALYSIS SYSTEMS

A pH-buffer measurement system that has at least one source for modifying the pH of a fluid entering the system, the source selected from an acid source and a base source. The acid source adds an acid equivalent to provide an acid reacted fluid and the base source adds a base equivalent to provide a base reacted fluid. The source is in fluid communication with a flow path and a component for determining a fluid characteristic of the acid reacted fluid or the base reacted fluid. The fluid characteristic that is measured is any one of a gas phase pressure, an electrical conductivity, or thermal conductivity. 1. A pH-buffer measurement system , comprising:at least one source for modifying the pH of a fluid entering the system, the source selected from an acid source and a base source wherein the acid source adds an acid equivalent to provide an acid reacted fluid and the base source adds a base equivalent to provide a base reacted fluid wherein the source is in fluid communication with a flow path; anda component for determining a fluid characteristic of the acid reacted fluid or the base reacted fluid; wherein the fluid characteristic that is measured is any one of a gas phase pressure, an electrical conductivity, or thermal conductivity.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the component determines a fluid characteristic of an unreacted fluid.3. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a static mixer downstream from the at least one source for modifying the pH of the fluid entering the system.4. The system of claim 1 , further comprising one or more pumps for pumping fluid into and out of the system.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system determines a pH claim 1 , buffer content or both of the fluid by taking a difference between a first value of the fluid characteristic of the fluid entering the system and a second value of the fluid characteristic of the acid reacted fluid or the base reacted fluid.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system determines a pH ...

Manifolds for Use in Conducting Dialysis

The present application discloses novel systems for conducting the filtration of blood using manifolds. The manifolds integrate various sensors and have fluid pathways formed therein to direct fluids from various sources through the requisite blood filtration or ultrafiltration system steps. 1. A disposable apparatus for use in filtering blood comprising:a molded plastic substrate having a first flow path and a second flow path formed therein, wherein said first flow path and second flow path are fluidically isolated from each other;at least one transducer diaphragm co-molded into at least one of the first or second flow paths; anda plurality of ports integrated into said molded plastic substrate.2. The disposable apparatus of further comprising tubing having a first end fixedly attached to at least one of said ports and a second end fixedly attached to an input port of a dialyzer.3. The disposable apparatus of further comprising tubing having a first end fixedly attached to at least one of said ports and a second end adapted to be removably attached to an input port of a collection reservoir.4. The disposable apparatus of further comprising tubing having a first end fixedly attached to at least one of said ports and a second end adapted to be removably attached to an input port of a dialysate regeneration system.5. The disposable apparatus of further comprising a first tubing having a first end fixedly attached to a first one of said ports and a second end fixedly attached to an input port of a dialyzer and a second tubing having a first end fixedly attached to a second one of said ports and a second end fixedly attached to an output port of the dialyzer.6. The disposable apparatus of further comprising embedded data claim 1 , wherein said embedded data uniquely identifies the disposable apparatus.7. A disposable apparatus for use in filtering blood comprising:first and second inlet ports;first and second outlet ports;a first flow path formed in a plastic substrate ...

Blood purification device

A blood purification device includes a device body and a cassette. The cassette includes: a casing that accommodates a removal water receptacle; and pump tube. The device body includes fingers, a driving unit, and a housing. The cassette can be attached to and removed from the housing of the device body so that the pump tubes are positioned between the plurality of fingers and the outer surfaces of the casing.

CARTRIDGE AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING ADSORPTION DIALYSIS

A cartridge to be used for adsorption dialysis. A container having flexible walls are arranged to provide an inner space enclosing adsorption powder, comprising activated carbon, a phosphate adsorbent and a potassium ion adsorbent and other adsorbents. A sufficient amount of activated carbon is provided for adsorption of urea by the activated carbon. The cartridge forms a vacuum-packed transportation cartridge by generating a sub-pressure in the inner space, whereby the powder particles are immobilized and the cartridge becomes stiff. Before use, the cartridge is primed by introducing a liquid into the inner space, which introduction takes place at a low pressure. During use, dialysis solution is circulated through the cartridge, which is still exposed to a sub-pressure, whereby the flexible walls are sucked against the powder material. A peritoneal dialysis circuit comprises a filter, in which a primary circuit is formed with the filter and the peritoneal cavity and a secondary circuit is formed with the filter and the adsorbent cartridge. 1. A cartridge for dialysis , comprising a container having an interior space with variable volume , which comprises a powder material for adsorbent dialysis ,wherein the container comprises at least a portion made of a flexible material, and wherein said interior space of the container comprises a sub-pressure in relation to the ambient pressure during use.2. The cartridge according to claim 1 , wherein said adsorbent material comprises activated carbon.3. The cartridge according to claim 1 , wherein a pressure reducing valve is arranged at an inlet of the cartridge for lowering the pressure at the inlet line of the cartridge.4. The cartridge according to claim 3 , wherein said pressure reducing valve is arranged integrally with said cartridge.5. The cartridge according to claim 3 , wherein said pressure reducing valve is arranged to reduce pressure by at least 50 mbar.6. The cartridge according to claim 3 , wherein said ...

DIALYSATE REGENERATION UNIT AND BLOOD DIALYZING APPARATUS HAVING THE SAME

Provided is a temperature-based dialysate regeneration device for regulating a temperature of dialysate discharged from a hemodialyzer to remove uremic toxins and waste therefrom, the temperature-based dialysate regeneration device including: a Joule-Thomson refrigerator, including a compressor, condenser, expander and evaporator, an adsorbent column, and a dialysate heat exchanger in which heat transfer occurs between dialysates. The refrigerant used for the JT refrigerator may be a mixture of two or more refrigerants to enhance the heat transfer generated by the latent heat in the evaporator and the condenser. 1. A temperature-based dialysate regeneration device for regenerating dialysate , comprising:a compressor compressing refrigerant;a condenser cooling the refrigerant pressurized by the compressor;an expander expanding the refrigerant having passed through the condenser;an evaporator where the refrigerant having passed through the expander collects heat from the dialysate;an adsorbent column removing waste from the dialysate; anda dialysate heat exchanger performing heat exchange between the dialysate discharged from a hemodialyzer and the dialysate having passed through the adsorbent column.2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. The temperature-based dialysate regeneration device of claim 1 , comprising a thermostat adjusting a temperature of the dialysate.5. The temperature-based dialysate regeneration device of claim 1 , comprising an ion balancer measuring and adjusting an electrolyte concentration of the dialysate.6. The temperature-based dialysate regeneration device of claim 5 , wherein the refrigerant passing through the compressor claim 5 , the condenser claim 5 , the expander claim 5 , and the evaporator is a mixture of two or more refrigerants.7. The temperature-based dialysate regeneration device of claim 5 , wherein the adsorbent column is detachable.8. The temperature-based dialysate regeneration device of claim 5 , wherein the dialysate having passed ...