Разделения, проводимые в отношении мишенного устройства

FIELD: nuclear physics, nuclear technology. SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to means of generating radioisotopes. System for generating radioisotopes includes one or more containers, including a first container, the first container comprising a source material which includes at least one target material. System comprises a radiation generator and a radiation bombardment chamber for accommodating one or more containers. Injection component is used, adapted to move material for extraction into the first container, thus bringing material of the source inside the first container into contact with material for extraction. Material for extraction is selected for dissolution, without dissolving target material, one or more radioisotopes; invention provides an extraction component which enables to extract material for extraction with a dissolved radioisotope from a first container without removing target material from the first container. EFFECT: high efficiency of the system for generating radioisotopes by eliminating the need for complete dissolution or destruction of the target before removing any radiation products through repeated use of the same physical target. 109 cl, 3 tbl, 12 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 708 226 C2 (51) МПК G21K 5/08 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК G21K 5/08 (2019.05) (21)(22) Заявка: 2017124515, 24.12.2015 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: (73) Патентообладатель(и): ТЕРРАПАУЭР, ЭлЭлСи (US) Дата регистрации: 05.12.2019 29.12.2014 US 62/097,235 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 31.01.2019 Бюл. № 4 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 2200997 C2, 20.03.2003. US 20110286565 A1, 24.11.2011. US 20110305309 A1, 15.12.2011. RU 2511215 C1, 10.04.2014. RU 2494484 C2, 27.09.2013. (45) Опубликовано: 05.12.2019 Бюл. № 34 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 31.07.2017 2 7 0 8 2 2 6 Приоритет(ы): (30) ...

VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON TEILCHEN

Method of particle formation

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE GRÖSSSENABHÄNGIGEN SEPARATION FROM MIKROUND NANO-PARTICLES

Verfahren zur Anreicherung von Wertstoffen aus einem flüssigen Rohstoff

In a method for enriching valuable substances, in particular phytochemicals, such as polyphenols, colorants, antioxidants and similar, from a liquid raw material, such as lipids, fermentation broths or solvent extracts, the raw material is mixed in a mixing device (5) with a compressed extraction agent, in particular CO2, from a storage container (1), whereupon the mixture is fed to a pre-concentrate separator (13) and the more highly soluble components in the extraction agent are separated from the undissolved components. The charged extraction agent is extracted from the pre-concentrate separator (13) and the undissolved components remain as a pre-concentrate, wherein the charged extraction agent is guided via a separation system, in which the dissolved substances are separated from the charged extraction agent, wherein the purified extraction agent is returned to the storage container (1).

LIPIDABTRENNUNG AUS SUSPENSIONEN

In a process for extracting lipids from aqueous suspensions of biomass, especially from digested algal suspensions, using water-immiscible solvents, the algal suspension with an algal content of 50% by weight is supplied continuously to a thin-film extruder and contacted as a thin film with the solvent present in the liquid or supercritical state in the thin-film extractor, and then the solvent is recovered by expanding the solution composed of solvent and lipids, and the extracted lipids are removed.

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR DIFFUSION EXCHANGE BETWEEN NOT MIXABLE LIQUIDS

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PARTICLES

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PARTICLES

Near-critical fluid extraction process

Coformulation methods and their products

Targetry coupled separations

Targetry coupled separations refers to enhancing the production of a predetermined radiation product through the selection of a target (including selection of the target material and the material's physical structure) and separation chemistry in order to optimize the recovery of the predetermined radiation product. This disclosure describes systems and methods for creating (through irradiation) and removing one or more desired radioisotopes from a target and further describes systems and methods that allow the same target to undergo multiple irradiations and separation operations without damage to the target. In contrast with the prior art that requires complete dissolution or destruction of a target before recovery of any irradiation products, the repeated reuse of the same physical target allowed by targetry coupled separation represents a significant increase in efficiency and decrease in cost over the prior art.

Supercritical fluid chromatography system

Provided is a supercritical fluid chromatography system, and components comprising such a system, including one or more of a supercritical fluid chiller, a supercritical fluid pressure-equalizing vessel, and a supercritical fluid cyclonic separator. The supercritical fluid chiller and the use of the chiller allow efficient and consistent pumping of liquid-phase gases employing off-the-shelf HPLC pumps in the supercritical chromatography system using liquid-phase gas mobile phase. The pressure equalizing vessel allows the use of off the shelf HPLC column cartridges in the supercritical chromatography system. The cyclonic separator efficiently and effectively allows for separation of sample molecules from a liquid phase or gas phase stream of a supercritical fluid.

Method and apparatus for diffusive transfer between immiscible fluids

TARGETRY COUPLED SEPARATIONS

Targetry coupled separations refers to enhancing the production of a predetermined radiation product through the selection of a target (including selection of the target material and the material's physical structure) and separation chemistry in order to optimize the recovery of the predetermined radiation product. This disclosure describes systems and methods for creating (through irradiation) and removing one or more desired radioisotopes from a target and further describes systems and methods that allow the same target to undergo multiple irradiations and separation operations without damage to the target. In contrast with the prior art that requires complete dissolution or destruction of a target before recovery of any irradiation products, the repeated reuse of the same physical target allowed by targetry coupled separation represents a significant increase in efficiency and decrease in cost over the prior art.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DIFFUSIVE TRANSFER BETWEEN IMMISCIBLE FLUIDS

In order to facilitate diffusive transfer of an entity such as a solute between immiscible fluids and subsequent separation of the liquids without mixing, method and apparatus are disclosed having first and second flow paths (1, 2) carrying first and second immiscible fluids on opposite sides of a foraminous sheet (8) wherein the height of the apertures (10) therein are not greater than 200 micrometers (measured perpendicular to the width of the sheet and to the direction of fluid flow), and a stable interface is formed between the fluids within each aperture, with a significant amount of fluid flow immediately adjacent the interface. Diffusive transfer takes place across the interface, and subsequently the fluids flow away from the region without mixing. The width of the flow paths measured perpendicular to sheet (8) lies between 10 and 500 micrometers. The walls of each aperture may be parallel or tapered.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DIFFUSIVE TRANSFER BETWEEN IMMISCIBLE FLUIDS

In order to facilitate diffusive transfer of an entity such as a solute between immiscible fluids and subsequent separation of the fluids without mixing, method and apparatus are disclosed having first and second fluid flow paths (11, 12) carrying first and second immiscible fluids, the flow paths communicating with one another in an interface region (16) in which the fluids contact one another and a stable open interface is formed. Diffusive transfer takes place across the interface, and subsequently the fluids flow away from the interface without mixing. The width of the flow paths in the interface region measured normal to the interface lies between 10 and 500 micrometres.

Verfahren zur Trennung von Stoffgemischen

METHODS FOR EXTRACTING AND ISOLATING CONSTITUENTS OF CELLULOSIC MATERIAL

METHOD FOR REFINING SQUALENE PRODUCED BY MICROALGAE

The invention relates to a method for preparing a composition that is very rich in squalene produced by fermentation of micro-organisms. The method is characterised in that it comprises a purification step selected from the group including: supercritical CO2 extraction in a multi-stage counter-current fractionation column with extract reflux, and short-path molecular distillation.

Supercritical water upgrading process to produce high grade coke

Embodiments of a process for producing high grade coke from crude oil residue include at least partially separating, in a solvent extraction unit, the crude oil residue into a deasphalted oil (DAO)-containing stream and an asphaltene containing-stream, producing a pressurized, heated DAO-containing stream, where the pressurized, heated DAO-containing stream, mixing a supercritical water stream with the pressurized, heated DAO-containing stream to create a combined feed stream, introducing the combined feed stream to an upgrading reactor system operating at supercritical temperature and pressure to yield one or more upgrading reactor output streams comprising upgraded product and a slurry mixture, where the slurry mixture comprises sulfur and one or more additional metals. The process also may include calcining the slurry mixture at a temperature of from 700° C. to 1900° C. to produce a product stream comprising the high grade coke.

Process for separating ethanol from aqueous solution

The present invention provides a process for separating ethanol from an aqueous solution by supercritical or near supercritical extraction in combination with reverse osmosis, which includes contacting an ethanol containing aqueous solution with one side of a reverse osmosis membrane in the presence of a supercritical or near supercritical CO2 having a pressure of 72.8-88.4 atm and a temperature of 26.5 DEG -34 DEG C., wherein the volumetric ratio of the supercritical or near supercritical CO2 to the ethanol containing aqueous solution is higher than 1.8, and recovering a permeate solution having a lower ethanol concentration from the opposite side of the membrane.

Extraction apparatus

An extraction apparatus comprises an extraction vessel configured to remove an extracted material from a source material in contact with a process fluid to form a mixture. The apparatus further comprises a separation chamber and a process fluid circulation conduit, the conduit comprising a separation portion configured to receive the mixture and permit a portion of the extracted material to separate from the mixture within the separation chamber. The apparatus further comprises a temperature regulator configured to permit re-circulation of a temperature regulation fluid and regulate the temperature of the process fluid.

ХИМИЧЕСКИЙ ПРОЦЕСС

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: method involves reaction of a nitrogen-containing precursor selected from a group consisting of amines, polyamines, polyaminoamides, polyurethanes and mixtures of said substances with epihalohydrin. The method also involves a step for cleaning the formed polymer solution from organic impurities. The cleaning step involves separation of impurities from the epihalohydrin polymer solution through extraction of said impurities. Extraction is carried out using CO 2 in liquid, supercritical or close to supercritical state. The extracted impurities are then separated. EFFECT: efficient removal of organic impurities from the obtained reaction product. 14 cl, 5 ex, 2 tbl, 2 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 399 633 (13) C2 (51) МПК C08G 73/02 (2006.01) C08F 6/06 (2006.01) B01D 11/04 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ, ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21), (22) Заявка: 2008103316/04, 09.06.2006 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 09.06.2006 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.08.2009 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: WO 99/33901 A1, 08.07.1999. WO 00/40639 A1, 13.07.2000. EP 0374879 A2, 27.06.1990. SU 509243 A, 30.03.1976. (73) Патентообладатель(и): АКЦО НОБЕЛЬ Н.В. (NL), ФРАУНХОФЕР-ГЕЗЕЛЛЬШАФТ ЦУР ФЕРДЕРУНГ ДЕР АНГЕВАНДТЕН ФОРШУНГ Е.Ф. (DE) 2 3 9 9 6 3 3 R U (86) Заявка PCT: SE 2006/050188 (09.06.2006) C 2 C 2 (85) Дата перевода заявки PCT на национальную фазу: 30.01.2008 (87) Публикация PCT: WO 2007/004972 (11.01.2007) Адрес для переписки: 129090, Москва, ул.Б.Спасская, 25, стр.3, ООО "Юридическая фирма Городисский и Партнеры", пат.пов. А.В.Мицу, рег.№ 364 (54) ХИМИЧЕСКИЙ ПРОЦЕСС (57) Реферат: Изобретение относится к способу получения азотсодержащего полимера эпихлоргидрина. Способ включает в себя реакцию азотсодержащего предшественника, выбранного из группы, состоящей из аминов, полиаминов, полиаминоамидов, полиуретанов и смесей указанных веществ с ...

ЭКСТРАКТОР

Полезная модель относится к области экстракции в сверхкритических условиях и может быть использована в строительной, нефтехимической, пищевой, парфюмерной, фармацевтической отраслях промышленности. Экстрактор для извлечения целевого компонента в экстрагенте содержит корпус, крышку с уплотнительной манжетой, корпус снабжен сверху и снизу переходниками, к которым с помощью фитингов закреплены стальные трубки: снизу - для подвода экстрагента и сверху - для отвода извлеченного целевого компонента в экстрагенте, на переходнике для отвода целевого продукта установлен манометр, а крышка с корпусом совмещена байонетным соединением. Технический эффект: упрощение конструкции экстрактора и повышение удобства при эксплуатации. 3 ил.

ХИМИЧЕСКИЙ ПРОЦЕСС

... 1. Способ производства азотсодержащего полимера эпигалогенгидрина, включающий реакцию азотсодержащего предшественника, выбранного из группы, состоящей из аминов, полиаминов, полиаминоамидов, полиуретанов и их смесей с эпигалогенгидрином с образованием раствора упомянутого полимера эпигалогенгидрина, причем данный способ включает стадию очистки для удаления органических примесей из образованного раствора полимера эпигалогенгидрина, при этом указанная стадия очистки включает: контактирование раствора полимера эпигалогенгидрина с текучей средой, находящейся в жидком, надкритическом или близком к надкритическому состоянии, для осуществления экстракции органических примесей из раствора полимера эпигалогенгидрина в текучую среду, отведение текучей среды, обогащенной органическими примесями, от раствора полимера эпигалогенгидрина, и отделение экстрагированных примесей от отведенной текучей среды, причем текучая среда содержит вещество, которое при атмосферном давлении и комнатной температуре ( ...

Process for the removal of contaminants

A process is described for the removal of a contaminantselected from a drying agent and a corrosion inhibitorfrom a sorbent selected from afiltration medium, a molecular sieve material, a porous oxide or a chemical sorbent,comprising the step of applying a carbon dioxide stream in which the carbon dioxide is present in the liquid phase orsupercriticalphase, to the contaminated sorbent in a sorbent vessel to remove the contaminant from the sorbent and form a contaminant-laden carbon dioxide stream and a decontaminated sorbent. Preferably the contaminant-laden carbon dioxide stream is recovered from the sorbent vessel and fedto a separation vessel in which the pressure is reduced to cause separation of the contaminant from a depressurised gaseous carbon dioxide. Adepressurised gaseous carbon dioxidestream and a separate contaminant streammay then be recovered from the separation vessel. The recovered depressurised carbon dioxide may be re-pressurised and fed back to the sorbent vessel. The ...

Method of seperating Mannosylerythitol Lipids

Method and apparatus for diffusive transfer between immiscible fluids

SINGLE PHASE ENRICHMENT OF SUPER CRITICAL FLUIDS

Natural crystalline colorant and process for production

A crystalline pigment or colorant composition having high color intensity and/or low sugar content, and methods and processes of preparation. The composition may comprise purified fruit and/or vegetable color juices. The unique dried colorants obtained from natural sources including plants, such as fruits and vegetables, and algae. The colorants may be obtained from red grape juice and/or purple carrot juice. The process of producing the dried colorant includes, purifying the color pigments using various purification technologies and subsequently removing water using low temperature drying methods. This combination of purification technologies and low temperature drying1 produces a unique natural colorant that is high in color and/or low in sugar. The colorants exhibit superior storage stability and/or handling characteristics including, but not limited to density, flowability, water dispersion and/or hygroscopicity.

EXTRACTION OF ORGANIC PRODUCTS FROM PLANT AND ANIMAL MATERIALS

The present disclosure relates, according to disclosed embodiments, to a system for extracting an organic compound from a natural source, the system comprising a computer processor operational to control the system; a storage vessel configured to store an extraction gas, the storage vessel comprising a storage vessel outlet in electrical communication with the computer processor; a valve in electrical communication with the computer processor, the valve comprising a valve inlet and a valve outlet, wherein the valve inlet connects to the storage vessel outlet; a dynamic extraction vessel; and a spray evaporation loop system configured to receive a solute from the dynamic extraction vessel, the spray evaporation loop system comprising an injection nozzle in electrical communication with the computer processor, the injection nozzle comprising an injection nozzle inlet connected to the first dynamic extraction vessel outlet; and a cyclonic separator in electrical communication with the computer ...

SUPERCRITICAL WATER SEPARATION PROCESS

A supercritical water separation process and system is disclosed for the removal of metals, minerals, particulate, asphaltenes, and resins from a contaminated organic material. The present invention takes advantage of the physical and chemical properties of supercritical water to effect the desired separation of contaminants from organic materials and permit scale-up. At a temperature and pressure above the critical point of water (374°C, 22.1 MPa), nonpolar organic compounds become miscible in supercritical water (SCW) and polar compounds and asphaltenes become immiscible. The process and system disclosed continuously separates immiscible contaminants and solids from the supercritical water and clean oil product solution. The present invention creates a density gradient that enables over 95% recovery of clean oil and over 99% reduction of contaminants such as asphaltenes and particulate matter depending on the properties of the contaminated organic material.

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR WATER RECOVERY

Disclosed are methods comprising: (a) first contacting at least a portion of a wastewater stream comprising one or more hydrophilic solutes and one or more crude-oil- associated hydrophobic solutes with an extractant comprising a bi-directional solvent at a first temperature (T1) within 40 ºC of the solvent-water critical temperature to form a water- depleted first aqueous solution and a water-enriched first organic phase; (b) adjusting the temperature of said first organic phase to a second temperature (T2), to form a second organic phase and a second aqueous solution; wherein the absolute value of (T2 T1) is at least 20; (c) separating at least a portion of said one or more crude-oil-associated hydrophobic solutes from said second organic phase; and (d) recycling bi-directional solvent from said second organic phase to said first contacting. Disclosed are also systems.

FLUID EXTRACTION OF METALS AND/OR METALLOIDS

A method of extracting metalloid and metal species from a solid or liquid material by exposing the material to a supercritical fluid solvent containing a chelating agent is described. The chelating agent forms chelates that are soluble in the supercritical fluid to allow removal of the species from the material. In preferred embodiments, the extraction solvent is supercritical carbon dioxide and the chelating agent is a fluorinated .beta.-diketone. In especially preferred embodiments the extraction solvent is supercritical carbon dioxide, and the chelating agent comprises a fluorinated .beta.-diketone and a trialkyl phosphate, or a fluorinated .beta.-diketone and a trialkylphosphine oxide. Although a trialkyl phosphate can extract lanthanides and actinides from acidic solutions, a binary mixture comprising a fluorinated .beta.-diketone and a trialkyl phosphate or a trialkylphosphine oxide tends to enhance the extraction efficiencies for actinides and lanthanides. The method provides an ...

Preparing squalene composition used in e.g. cosmetic field by fermentation of microorganisms, involves purifying squalene by extracting supercritical carbon dioxide on multistage fractionation column and molecular distillation column

L'invention se rapporte à un procédé de préparation d'une composition à haute richesse en squalène produit par fermentation de microorganismes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une étape de purification choisie dans le groupe constitué de l'extraction par CO2 supercritique sur colonne de fractionnement multiétagée fonctionnant à contre-courant avec reflux d'extrait, et de la distillation moléculaire dite de « court trajet ».

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DIFFUSIVE TRANSFER BETWEEN IMMISCIBLE FLUIDS

본 발명은 비혼화성 유체 사이의 용질과 같은 물질의 확산 전달 및 혼합 없이 액체의 후속 분리를 촉진시키기 위하여, 구멍(10)의 높이가 200㎛ 미만이고(시트의 폭 및 유체 흐름의 방향에 대해 수직으로 측정됨), 각각의 구멍내의 유체 사이에 경계면이 형성되고 경계면에 바로 인접한 위치에 다량의 유체 흐름가 있는, 소공성 시트(8)의 반대면상에 제 1 및 제 2 비혼화성 유체를 운반시키는 제 1 및 제 2 흐름 경로(1,2)를 갖는 장치 및 방법에 관한 것이다. 확산 전달은 경계면을 횡단하여 일어나고, 후속하여 유체는 혼합 없이 영역으로부터 유동한다. 시트(8)에 대해 수직으로 측정된 흐름 경로의 폭은 10 내지 500㎛이다. 각각의 구멍의 벽은 평행하거나 점점 가늘어진 형태일 수 있다. In order to facilitate subsequent separation of the liquid without diffusion transfer and mixing of materials such as solutes between the immiscible fluids, the present invention provides that the height of the holes 10 is less than 200 μm (perpendicular to the width of the sheet and the direction of fluid flow). Agent for conveying the first and second immiscible fluids on opposite sides of the porosity sheet 8, with an interface formed between the fluid in each hole and a large amount of fluid flow at a location immediately adjacent to the interface. A device and method having a first and second flow paths (1, 2). Diffusion transfer occurs across the interface and subsequently fluid flows out of the region without mixing. The width of the flow path measured perpendicular to the sheet 8 is 10 to 500 μm. The walls of each hole can be parallel or tapered.

이산화탄소 추출에 의한 추출 보조제를 포함하는 그리스 매트릭스로부터의 퍼플루오르화 폴리에테르 오일의 회수

... 본 발명은 퍼플루오로폴리에테르를 추출하기 위한 공정에 관한 것이다. 이 공정은 (a) 추출 대역에서 증점제, 추출 보조 재료 및 퍼플루오로폴리에테르를 포함하는 윤활 그리스와 액체 이산화탄소 또는 초임계 이산화탄소를 포함하는 용매를 접촉시켜 추출된 퍼플루오로폴리에테르를 포함하는 추출 용액을 형성하는 단계; 및 (b) 추출 용액으로부터 추출된 퍼플루오로폴리에테르를 회수하는 단계를 포함하고, 이때 회수된 추출된 퍼플루오로폴리에테르는 약 2 중량% 이하의 증점제를 포함한다.

Разделения, проводимые в отношении мишенного устройства

Method and apparatus for the formation of particles

The invention provides a method for forming particles of a substance, by co-introducing into a particle formation vessel, in which the temperature and pressure are controlled, of a supercritical fluid; a solution or suspension of the substance in a first vehicle; and a second vehicle which is both substantially miscible with the first vehicle and substantially soluble in the supercritical fluid, in such a way that dispersion of the solution or suspension and the second vehicle, and extraction of the vehicles, occur substantially simultaneously and substantially immediately on introduction of the fluids into the vessel, by the action of the supercritical fluid. Preferably the solution/suspension of the substance is introduced separately from the second vehicle, in such a way that contact between the solution/suspension and the second vehicle occurs either substantially simultaneously with, or immediately before, their dispersion by the supercritical fluid and extraction of the vehicles by the supercritical fluid. The method allows a high degree of control over the size, shape, crystalline form and other physico-chemical properties of the particulate product. The invention also provides apparatus for carrying out such a method, using a coaxial nozzle to introduce the fluids into the particle formation vessel, and a particulate product made using the method or the apparatus.

SOLVENT EXTRACTION OF B-CAROTIN

PROCEDURE FOR THE CRACKING OF A MATERIAL CONSISTING OF SEVERAL COMPONENTS WITH THE HELP OF A SOLVENT WITH SUPERCRITICAL PRESSURE

PROCEDURE AND VORICHTUNG FUR DIFFUSION EXCHANGE BETWEEN NOT MIXABLE LIQUIDS

VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUM EXTRAHIEREN VON STOFFEN AUS FLÜSSIGKEITEN ODER FESTSTOFFDISPERSIONEN

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PARTICLES

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR EXTRACTING MATERIALS FROM LIQUIDS OR SOLID DISPERSIONS

Extraction of impurities from thinly-coated fluid film involves treating its surface with liquid carbon dioxide whilst continuously replenishing film thickness

The fluid or dispersion is coated in a pressure-tight reactor as a thin film. The surface of the film is treated with an extractant, especially liquid- or super-critical CO2. The surface of the thin film is constantly replenished with fluid or dispersion through mechanical action, over at least part of the layer thickness. The surface of the thin film is renewed by wiping, rolling or blade-coating, simultaneously adjusting layer thickness. The pressure-tight reactor (1) has feed openings (14, 16) for fluid to be treated. Compressed extractant (CO2) is introduced through coating openings (15, 17). The fluid is coated on the internal casing (13) of the reactor using an internal rotor (8) with radial arms. These hold rods (11) running parallel to the axis (9), which carry scrapers, wipers or rollers (12). The reactor has a cylindrical or conical internal casing. The rotor shaft is connected through a magnetic coupling with the drive (6). The feed opening is a radial and axial bore in a cover ...

LIPIDABTRENNUNG AUS SUSPENSIONEN

In a process for extracting lipids from aqueous suspensions of biomass, especially from digested algal suspensions, using water-immiscible solvents, the algal suspension with an algal content of 50% by weight is supplied continuously to a thin-film extruder and contacted as a thin film with the solvent present in the liquid or supercritical state in the thin-film extractor, and then the solvent is recovered by expanding the solution composed of solvent and lipids, and the extracted lipids are removed.

Verfahren zur Anreicherung von Wertstoffen aus einem flüssigen Rohstoff

Bei einem Verfahren zur Anreicherung von Wertstoffen, insbesondere Phytochemikalien, wie z.B. Polyphenole, Farbstoffe, Antioxydantien und dergleichen, aus einem flüssigen Rohstoff, wie z.B. Lipiden, Fermentationsbrühen oder Lösungsmittelauszügen, wird der Rohstoff in einer Mischvorrichtung (5) mit einem komprimierten Extraktionsmittel, insbesondere CO2, aus einem Speicherbehälter (1) vermischt, worauf die Mischung einem Vorkonzentratabscheider (13) zugeführt wird und die im Extraktionsmittel höher löslichen Komponenten in einer ersten Anreicherungsstufe von den ungelösten Bestandteilen getrennt werden, wobei das beladene Extraktionsmittel aus dem Vorkonzentratabscheider (13) abgezogen wird und die ungelösten Bestandteile als Vorkonzentrat verbleiben, wobei das beladene Extraktionsmittel über ein Abscheidersystem geführt wird, in dem die gelösten Substanzen vom beladenen Extraktionsmittel getrennt werden, wobei das gereinigte Extraktionsmittel dem Speicherbehälter (1) rückgeführt wird und das Vorkonzentrat in einer zweiten Anreicherungsstufe weiter aufkonzentriert wird. In a process for the enrichment of valuable substances, in particular phytochemicals, such as e.g. Polyphenols, dyes, antioxidants and the like, from a liquid raw material, e.g. Lipids, fermentation broths or solvent extracts, the raw material is mixed in a mixing device (5) with a compressed extractant, in particular CO2, from a storage container (1), whereupon the mixture is fed to a Vorkonzentratabscheider (13) and the extractant more highly soluble components in a separating the laden extractant from the preconcentrate separator (13) and leaving the undissolved constituents as preconcentrate, the loaded extractant being passed through a separator system in which the solutes are separated from the loaded extractant, the first enrichment step being separated from the undissolved constituents; wherein the purified extractant is recycled to the storage vessel (1) and the preconcentrate is further ...

Fluid extraction of metals and/or metalloids

Lipid removal from suspensions

In a process for extracting lipids from aqueous suspensions of biomass, especially from digested algal suspensions, using water-immiscible solvents, the algal suspension with an algal content of 50% by weight is supplied continuously to a thin-film extruder and contacted as a thin film with the solvent present in the liquid or supercritical state in the thin-film extractor, and then the solvent is recovered by expanding the solution composed of solvent and lipids, and the extracted lipids are removed.

NATURAL CRYSTALLINE COLORANT AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION

METHOD FOR REFINING SQUALENE PRODUCED BY MICROALGAE

L'invention se rapporte à un procédé de préparation d'une composition à haute richesse en squalène produit par fermentation de microorganismes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une étape de purification choisie dans le groupe constitué de l'extraction par CO2 supercritique sur colonne de fractionnement multiétagée fonctionnant à contre-courant avec reflux d'extrait,et de la distillation moléculaire dite de «court trajet».

NATURAL CRYSTALLINE COLORANT AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION

A crystalline pigment or colorant composition having high color intensity and/or low sugar content, and methods and processes of preparation. The composition may comprise purified fruit and/or vegetable color juices. The unique dried colorants obtained from natural sources including plants, such as fruits and vegetables, and algae. The colorants may be obtained from red grape juice and/or purple carrot juice. The process of producing the dried colorant includes, purifying the color pigments using various purification technologies and subsequently removing water using low temperature drying methods. This combination of purification technologies and low temperature drying1 produces a unique natural colorant that is high in color and/or low in sugar. The colorants exhibit superior storage stability and/or handling characteristics including, but not limited to density, flowability, water dispersion and/or hygroscopicity.

FLUID EXTRACTION OF METALS AND/OR METALLOIDS

A method of extracting metalloid and metal species from a solid or liquid material by exposing the material to a supercritical fluid sol- vent containing a chelating agent is described. The chelating agent forms chelates that are solu- ble in the supercritical fluid to allow removal of the species from the material. In preferred em- bodiments, the extraction solvent is supercritical carbon dioxide and the chelating agent is a fluo- rinated .beta.-diketone. In especially preferred em- bodiments the extraction solvent is supercritical carbon dioxide, and the chelating agent com- prises a fluorinated .beta.-diketone and a trialkyl phosphate, or a fluorinated .beta.-diketone and a tri- alkylphosphine oxide. Although a trialkyl phos- phate can extract lanthanides and actinides from acidic solutions, a binary mixture comprising a fluorinated .beta.-diketone and a trialkyl phosphate or a trialkylphosphine oxide tends to enhance the extraction efficiencies for actinides and lan- thanides. The method ...

Method for preparing natural crystalline pigment and

PROCEEDED OF FRACTIONATION Of a MATTER MADE UP OF SEVERAL COMPONENTS AL' HELPS Of a SOLVENT HAS PRESSURE SUPERCRITICAL

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DIFFUSIVE TRANSFER BETWEEN IMMISCIBLE FLUIDS

본 발명은 제 1 및 제 2의 비혼화성 유체들간의 공정을 수행하기 위한 방법 및 장치를 제공하는 것으로서, 본 발명의 장치는 제 1 및 제 2 비혼화성 유체의 흐름을 허용하고 각각 자체들의 일부분이 서로 밀접 또는 근접하게 배치되어 안정한 개방 경계면을 형성하고 있는 영역에서 서로 개통-연결되어 있는 제 1 및 제 2 흐름로를 구비하고 있으며, 상기 영역에서 상기 경계 영역의 최소한 제 1 흐름로는 경계면에 대하여 수직으로 10 내지 500 ㎛ 범위에 해당되는 폭을 가진다. The present invention provides a method and apparatus for performing a process between first and second immiscible fluids, wherein the apparatus of the present invention permits the flow of the first and second immiscible fluids and each of which is part of itself. First and second flow paths that are open-connected to each other in an area disposed close to or close to each other to form a stable open interface, wherein at least the first flow path of the boundary area in the area is relative to the interface. Vertically having a width in the range of 10 to 500 μm.

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE EXTRACTION OF MATERIALS FROM LIQUIDS OR SOLID DISPERSIONS

СПОСОБЫ ЭКСТРАКЦИИ И ВЫДЕЛЕНИЯ КОМПОНЕНТОВ ЦЕЛЛЮЛОЗНОГО МАТЕРИАЛА

Изобретение относится к способу экстракции и выделения компонентов из целлюлозного материала, который включает: (a) взаимодействие целлюлозного материала с надкритической жидкостью при условиях, обеспечивающих получение экстракта; (b) удаление нерастворимого вещества из экстракта; и (c) фракционирование экстракта с помощью дистилляции при пониженном давлении с получением одного или большего количества выделенных компонентов. Технический результат заключается в обеспечении удаления растворителя из экстракта без проведения дополнительной стадии обработки. 3 н. и 15 з.п. ф-лы, 3 ил.

VERFAHREN UND VORICHTUNG FUR DIFFUSIONSAUSTAUSCH ZWISCHEN NICHT MISCHBARE FLÜSSIGKEITEN

VERFAHREN UND VORICHTUNG FUR DIFFUSIONSAUSTAUSCH ZWISCHEN NICHT MISCHBARE FLÜSSIGKEITEN

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON PARTIKELN

VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON PARTIKELN

Methods for particle formation and their products

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PARTICLES

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MEDICINE MATERIAL PARTICLES

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PARTICLES

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HIGH-ENRICHED NATURAL SUBSTANCE PARLIAMENTARY GROUPS FROM PALMÖL USING SUPERCRITICAL AND ALMOST SUPERCRITICAL LIQUID MEDIA

Method and apparatus for the formation of particles

Method for continuous processing of fluids using supercritical fluids and microwave energy

INDUCED CAVITATION MIXING APPARATUS

A cavitation mixing apparatus is provided for performing separations from solid material using subcritical liquid CO2. A cavitation inducing device inside a cavitation mixing vessel is held in place with a cavitation mixer mount comprising at least one fluid channel for equalizing gaseous pressure of CO2 around the cavitation inducing device. Also described is method of separating oils from a crude plant oil mixture by injecting crude plant oil into a pressurized mixing vessel comprising liquid carbon dioxide and mixing the crude oil with the liquid carbon dioxide under pressure using powered induced cavitation, the cavitation mixing vessel comprising an encapsulated cavitation inducing device.

IMPROVED PROCESS FOR PRODUCING FUCOXANTHIN AND/OR POLYSACCHARIDES FROM MICROALGAE

The present invention provides a process for production of fucoxanthin and/or polysaccharides from microalgae and the use of purified fucoxanthin thereof in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, nutraceutical and food compositions.

PROCESS FOR THE FRACTIONATION OF ESSENTIAL OILS

This invention discloses a method for modifying the composition of essential oils to be used as such or as ingredients for flavour and fragrance formulations, said process using carbon dioxide and suitable solvents in combination with specific supports. It also covers the flavours and fragrances containing ingredients produced by said method and applications using said flavours and fragrances.

NATURAL CRYSTALLINE COLORANT AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION

A crystalline pigment or colorant composition having high color intensity and/or low sugar content, and methods and processes of preparation. The composition may comprise purified fruit and/or vegetable color juices. The unique dried colorants obtained from natural sources including plants, such as fruits and vegetables, and algae. The colorants may be obtained from red grape juice and/or purple carrot juice. The process of producing the dried colorant includes, purifying the color pigments using various purification technologies and subsequently removing water using low temperature drying methods. This combination of purification technologies and low temperature drying1 produces a unique natural colorant that is high in color and/or low in sugar. The colorants exhibit superior storage stability and/or handling characteristics including, but not limited to density, flowability, water dispersion and/or hygroscopicity.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE FORMATION OF PARTICLES

The invention provides a method for forming particles of a substance, by co-introducing into a particle formation vessel, in which the temperature and pressure are controlled, of a supercritical fluid; a solution or suspension of the substance in a first vehicle; and a second vehicle which is both substantially miscible with the first vehicle and substantially soluble in the supercritical fluid, in such a way that dispersion of the solution or suspension and the second vehicle, and extraction of the vehicles, occur substantially simultaneously and substantially immediately on introduction of the fluids into the vessel, by the action of the supercritical fluid. Preferably the solution/suspension of the substance is introduced separately from the second vehicle, in such a way that contact between the solution/suspension and the second vehicle occurs either substantially simultaneously with, or immediately before, their dispersion by the supercritical fluid and extraction of the vehicles by the supercritical fluid. The method allows a high degree of control over the size, shape, crystalline form and other physico-chemical properties of the particulate product. The invention also provides apparatus for carrying out such a method, using a coaxial nozzle to introduce the fluids inro the particle formation vessel, and a particulate product made using the method or the apparatus.

Supercritical water separation process

A supercritical water separation process and system is disclosed for the removal of metals, minerals, particulate, asphaltenes, and resins from a contaminated organic material. The present invention takes advantage of the physical and chemical properties of supercritical water to effect the desired separation of contaminants from organic materials and permit scale-up. At a temperature and pressure above the critical point of water (374° C., 22.1 MPa), nonpolar organic compounds become miscible in supercritical water (SCW) and polar compounds and asphaltenes become immiscible. The process and system disclosed continuously separates immiscible contaminants and solids from the supercritical water and clean oil product solution. The present invention creates a density gradient that enables over 95% recovery of clean oil and over 99% reduction of contaminants such as asphaltenes and particulate matter depending on the properties of the contaminated organic material.

Cyclodextrin derivative salts

Chiral salts comprising anionic cyclodextrin derivatives with particular types of non-metal cations are provided. The anionic CD derivative salts can serve as ionic liquids and can possess substantial advantages over currently commercially available ionic liquids particularly for use as chiral phase transfer catalyst, chiral reaction medium, chiral extraction medium, and/or as chiral additive to a chemical process. Methods of preparing the same are provided.

Supercritical Water Separation Process

A supercritical water separation process and system is disclosed for the removal of metals, minerals, particulate, asphaltenes, and resins from a contaminated organic material. The present invention takes advantage of the physical and chemical properties of supercritical water to effect the desired separation of contaminants from organic materials and permit scale-up. At a temperature and pressure above the critical point of water (374° C., 22.1 MPa), nonpolar organic compounds become miscible in supercritical water (SCW) and polar compounds and asphaltenes become immiscible. The process and system disclosed continuously separates immiscible contaminants and solids from the supercritical water and clean oil product solution. The present invention creates a density gradient that enables over 95% recovery of clean oil and over 99% reduction of contaminants such as asphaltenes and particulate matter depending on the properties of the contaminated organic material. 1. A process for treating a feedstock comprising:delivering a feedstock and supercritical water into a hydrothermal separation vessel, said hydrothermal separation vessel including an upper separation zone, a mid-level mixing zone, and a bottom concentration zone, wherein the feedstock and supercritical water are fed separately into the mixing zone to form a mixture, said mixing zone providing sufficient shear and mixing to cause dissolution of any soluble components of the feedstock into the supercritical water;maintaining a temperature and pressure within the hydrothermal separation vessel to achieve a vertical density gradient therein such that the separation zone exhibits a lower density than the concentration zone to form a product stream and a stream containing insoluble components; andremoving the product stream from the separation zone and the stream containing insoluble components from the concentration zone.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein any components present in the feedstock that are ...

Removal of hydrophobic particles using carbon dioxide

A plurality of collection surfaces for use in an aqueous slurry has a polymeric coating to provide a compliant and sticky surface. The polymer coating has a chemical to render the surface hydrophobic so as to attract hydrophobic or hydrophobized mineral particles in the slurry. The substrate can take the form of a conveyor belt, a bead, a mesh, an impeller, a filter or a flat surface. The substrate can also be an open-cell foam. The collection surfaces having the mineral particles attached thereon are caused to interact with liquid and supercritical carbon dioxide so that the mineral particles can be stripped from the collection surfaces.

Dispersion flow device for extraction vessel and methods of use

An extraction system and method of extraction are described herein. The extraction system generally includes an extraction vessel including a vessel body, an extraction solvent inlet, a material inlet, and an outlet, a collection vessel operably connected to the outlet, a dispersion devise disposed proximate the extraction solvent inlet and including a first surface and a second surface, a plurality of openings formed in the dispersion device and extending from the first surface to the second surface, whereby the plurality of openings are adapted for the flow of an extraction solvent therethrough.

СПОСОБЫ И СИСТЕМЫ ДЛЯ РЕГЕНЕРАЦИИ ВОДЫ

1. Способ, включающий:a) первое приведение в контакт по меньшей мере части потока сбросной воды, содержащего одно или несколько гидрофильных растворенных веществ и одно или несколько ассоциированных с сырой нефтью гидрофобных растворенных веществ, с экстрагирующим средством, содержащим двунаправленный растворитель, при первой температуре (T) в пределах 40°C от критической температуры системы растворитель-вода, с образованием обедненного водой первого водного раствора и обогащенной водой первой органической фазы;b) регуляцию температуры указанной первой органической фазы до второй температуры (T) с образованием второй органической фазы и второго водного раствора; причем абсолютная величина (T-T) составляет по меньшей мере 20;c) отделение по меньшей мере части указанного одного или нескольких ассоциированных с сырой нефтью гидрофобных растворенных веществ из указанной второй органической фазы иd) рециркуляцию двунаправленного растворителя из указанной второй органической фазы для указанного первого приведения в контакт.2. Способ по п. 1, включающий отделение воды из указанного второго водного раствора с образованием концентрированного водного раствора и отделенной воды.3. Способ по п. 2, отличающийся тем, что указанное отделение воды включает приведение в контакт указанного второго водного раствора с мембраной с образованием пермеата и ретентата, при этом указанный ретентат содержит указанный концентрированный водный раствор.4. Способ по п. 3, отличающийся тем, что указанная мембрана представляет собой обратноосмотическую мембрану.5. Способ по п. 3 или 4, отличающийся тем, что указанный ретентат разделяют на концентрированный водный раство РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (51) МПК C02F 1/26 (11) (13) 2014 151 820 A (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2014151820, 19.05.2013 (71) Заявитель(и): СОЛЕКС УОТЕР ЛТД. (IL) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (72) Автор(ы): ЭЯЛ Ахарон (IL), РАЗ Карми (IL ...

Coformulation methods and their products

Coformulation methods and their products

Method of particle formation

Method and apparatus for particle formation

Methods and apparatus for particle formation

SUPERCRITICAL WATER SEPARATION PROCESS

A supercritical water separation process and system is disclosed for the removal of metals, minerals, particulate, asphaltenes, and resins from a contaminated organic material. The present invention takes advantage of the physical and chemical properties of supercritical water to effect the desired separation of contaminants from organic materials and permit scale-up. At a temperature and pressure above the critical point of water (374°C, 22.1 MPa), nonpolar organic compounds become miscible in supercritical water (SCW) and polar compounds and asphaltenes become immiscible. The process and system disclosed continuously separates immiscible contaminants and solids from the supercritical water and clean oil product solution. The present invention creates a density gradient that enables over 95% recovery of clean oil and over 99% reduction of contaminants such as asphaltenes and particulate matter depending on the properties of the contaminated organic material.

FLUID EXTRACTION

A method for extracting metalloid and metal species from a solid or liquid m aterial by exposing the material to a fluid solvent, particularly supercritical carbon dioxide, containing a chelating agent is d escribed. The chelating agent forms chelates that are so luble in the fluid to allow removal of the species from the material. In preferred embodiments, the extraction solvent is supercritical ca rbon dioxide and the chelating agent comprises a trialkyl phosphate, a trialkyl p hosphate, an alkyl-aryl phosphate, a trialkylphosphine o xide, a triarylphosphine oxide, an alkyl-arylphosphine oxide, and mixtures thereof. The method provides an environmentally benign process fo r removing contaminants from industrial waste. The method is particularly usef ul for extracting actinides from acidic solutions, and t he process can be aided by the addition of salts, such as nitrate salts, and mo difiers, such as water and the lower alkyl alcohols and esters. The chelate and supercritical fluid can ...

High-pressure fluid oscillation damping and flow stabilizing device

PROCESS AND INSTALLATION OF SEPARATION OF COMPOSE HEAVY AND LIGHT BY EXTRACTION BY A SUPERCRITICAL FLUID AND NANOFILTRATION

According to the process, a solid or liquid phase containing the compounds to be separated is contacted with a supercritical fluid in the extractor (1), and the supercritical fluid charged with compounds and coming out of the extractor (1) is subjected to a nanofiltration in the device (3) in order to collect a permeate stream containing the separated light compounds (at 51) and a retentate stream containing the heavy compounds (at 57). The starting phase may be butter or a fish oil with the aim to fractionate the fatty substances.

Device for extracting active substances contained in solid or liquid substrates, has coupler permitting circulation of supercritical fluid between extractor and receiver and creating pressure modulations of supercritical fluid in extractor

L'invention concerne un dispositif constitué de 1 ou 2 autoclaves-Extracteurs couplés à un autoclave-Récepteur par un Coupleur formé de 1 ou 2 pompes à fluide supercritique (FSC) et de 2 vannes. Ce coupleur permet de faire circuler le fluide supercritique et de créer ou non des modulations de pression autour des pressions égales ou différentes dans l'Extracteur et le Récepteur. La circulation du fluide supercritique et la modulation de pression du fluide supercritique augmentent le rendement de l'extraction. Celui-ci est suffisamment importante pour permettre de baisser judicieusement les pressions de fonctionnement. Selon la configuration du coupleur, le dispositif fonctionne au mode: □ dynamique à 1 pression avec circulation forcée et modulation de pression avec 2 pompes FSC et 2 vannes, □ isobare avec circulation contrôlée du dit fluide supercritique avec 2 simples pompes de circulation et 2 vannes, □ isobare avec circulation non contrôlée du dit fluide FSC avec seulement 2 simples pompes ...

COLOURING NATURAL CRYSTALLINE AND PROCE UNDER FOR ITS PRODUCTION

Una composición de colorante o de pigmento cristalino que tiene alta intensidad de color y/o bajo contenido de azúcar, y métodos y procesos de preparación. La composición puede comprender jugos de colores vegetales o frutales purificados.Reivindicación 1: Una composición de colorante natural que comprende: un pigmento cristalino o una mezcla de pigmentos derivados de plantas o algas; donde la composición tiene una intensidad de color que es superior al jugo crudo; y donde la composición tiene menor contenido de azúcar, sobre una base de peso seco, que el jugo crudo.

Methods for recovering organic heteroatom compounds from hydrocarbon feedstocks

Methods for recovering organic heteroatom compounds from a hydrocarbon feedstock include feeding into a contactor a hydrocarbon feedstock and an aqueous solvent to form an extraction mixture of the aqueous solvent with the hydrocarbon feedstock. The hydrocarbon feedstock includes a hydrocarbon and an organic heteroatom compound. The aqueous solvent includes an ionic liquid formed from pressurized carbon dioxide and water. A pressure and temperature of the extraction mixture may be established that together tune the aqueous solvent to selectively form a solvent complex with the at least one organic heteroatom compound. Then, the solvent complex is extracted to a recovery vessel from the extraction mixture in the contactor. By adjustment of a recovery temperature of the recovery vessel, a recovery pressure of the recovery vessel, or both, the solvent complex decomposes into carbon dioxide and the organic heteroatom compound. The organic heteroatom compound is then recovered from th ...

СПОСОБЫ ЭКСТРАКЦИИ И ВЫДЕЛЕНИЯ КОМПОНЕНТОВ ЦЕЛЛЮЛОЗНОГО МАТЕРИАЛА

... 1. Способ экстракции и выделения компонентов из целлюлозного материала, способ включает:(a) взаимодействие целлюлозного материала с надкритической жидкостью при условиях, обеспечивающих получение экстракта;(b) удаление нерастворимого вещества из экстракта; и(c) фракционирование экстракта с помощью дистилляции при пониженном давлении с получением одного или большего количества выделенных компонентов.2. Способ по п.1, в котором надкритической жидкостью, использующейся на стадии (а), является диоксид углерода.3. Способ по п.2, в котором температура на стадии (а) равна примерно 40°С и давление на стадии (а) равно примерно 30 МПа.4. Способ по п.1, который дополнительно включает стадию удаления воды после стадии (b).5. Способ по п.1, в котором стадия (с) включает первую стадию дистилляции, проводимую при температуре, равной от 80 до 150°С, более предпочтительно 90-120°С и наиболее предпочтительно от 100 до 110°С.6. Способ по п.1, в котором стадия (с) включает первую стадию дистилляции, проводимую ...

VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG FÜR DIFFUSIONSAUSTAUSCH ZWISCHEN NICHT MISCHBARE FLÜSSIGKEITEN

Particle synthesis apparatus and method

Near-critical fluid extraction process

A process for fractionating the constituents of a solution obtained by extracting plant or animal material with an aqueous-organic solvent where the aqueous-organic solvent is a mixture of water and a water-miscible organic solvent, generally including the steps of contacting the solution with a near-critical fluid to produce a raffinate phase containing high polarity constituents and water, and a near-critical fluid phase containing low to medium polarity constituents, separating the near-critical fluid phase from the raffinate phase, and recovering the low to medium polarity constituents from the near-critical fluid phase and the high polarity constituents from the raffinate phase.

Supercritical fluid chromatography system

Provided is a supercritical fluid chromatography system, and components comprising such a system, including one or more of a supercritical fluid chiller, a supercritical fluid pressure-equalizing vessel, and a supercritical fluid cyclonic separator. The supercritical fluid chiller and the use of the chiller allow efficient and consistent pumping of liquid-phase gases employing off-the-shelf HPLC pumps in the supercritical chromatography system using liquid-phase gas mobile phase. The pressure equalizing vessel allows the use of off the shelf HPLC column cartridges in the supercritical chromatography system. The cyclonic separator efficiently and effectively allows for separation of sample molecules from a liquid phase or gas phase stream of a supercritical fluid.

Methods of Purifying Cannabinoids, Compositions and Kits Thereof

The present specification discloses methods of purifying one or more cannabinoids from a plant material, purified cannabinoids and pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more cannabinoids produced by the disclosed method, methods and uses for treating a disease or condition employing such purified cannabinoids and pharmaceutical compositions. 1. A method of purifying one or more cannabinoids from a plant material , the method consisting essentially of the following steps:a) incubating the plant material with a non-polar solvent selected from the group consisting of petroleum ether, pentane and hexane to form a first solvent mixture which extracts the one or more cannabinoids from a plant material;b) reducing the volume of the first solvent mixture to about 50% or less of the original volume of the first solvent mixture in step (a) thereby concentrating the one or more cannabinoids;c) incubating the reduced first solvent mixture at a temperature range of between about −70° C. to about 40° C. to crystallize the one or more cannabinoids;d) incubating the one or more crystallized cannabinoids with the non-polar solvent, wherein the non-polar solvent is the same non-polar solvent as in step (a) to form a second solvent mixture, thereby dissolving at least 50% of the one or more crystallized cannabinoids; ande) incubating the second solvent mixture at a temperature range of between about −70° C. to about 40° C. to crystallize the one or more cannabinoids, thereby resulting in the purification of one or more cannabinoids.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein recovery of one or more crystallized cannabinoids of step (c) is performed prior to step (d).3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the recovery is performed using filtration that results in collection of a crystalline product and a mother liquor.4. The method according to claim 3 , further comprising incubating the mother liquor at a temperature range of between about −70° C. to about 40° C. to ...

INDUCED CAVITATION MIXING APPARATUS

A cavitation mixing apparatus is provided for performing separations from solid material using subcritical liquid CO. A cavitation inducing device inside a cavitation mixing vessel is held in place with a cavitation mixer mount comprising at least one fluid channel for equalizing gaseous pressure of COaround the cavitation inducing device. Also described is method of separating oils from a crude plant oil mixture by injecting crude plant oil into a pressurized mixing vessel comprising liquid carbon dioxide and mixing the crude oil with the liquid carbon dioxide under pressure using powered induced cavitation, the cavitation mixing vessel comprising an encapsulated cavitation inducing device. 1. A cavitation mixing apparatus comprising:{'sub': '2', 'a cavitation mixing vessel comprising a material inlet and a discharge outlet, the cavitation mixing vessel capable of containing pressurized liquid CO;'}a cavitation inducing device mounted inside the cavitation mixing vessel;an electrical connection for connecting the cavitation inducing device to a power supply through the cavitation mixing vessel; and{'sub': '2', 'a cavitation mixer mount for mounting the cavitation inducing device inside the cavitation mixing vessel, the cavitation mixer mount comprising at least one fluid channel for equalizing pressure of COaround the cavitation mixer inside the cavitation mixing vessel.'}2. The mixing apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the cavitation inducing device is an ultrasonic mixer.3. The mixing apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the ultrasonic mixer produces an ultrasonic vibration at a frequency of at least 20 KHz.4. The mixing apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the ultrasonic mixer operates at a frequency of between 20 KHz to 1.0 MHz.5. The mixing apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the cavitation inducing device is a high shear cavitation mixer.6. The mixing apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising an injection tube to direct crude oil proximate the cavitation inducing device.7. The ...

Supercritical Water Separation Process

A supercritical water separation process and system is disclosed for the removal of metals, minerals, particulate, asphaltenes, and resins from a contaminated organic material. The present invention takes advantage of the physical and chemical properties of supercritical water to effect the desired separation of contaminants from organic materials and permit scale-up. At a temperature and pressure above the critical point of water (374° C., 22.1 MPa), nonpolar organic compounds become miscible in supercritical water (SCW) and polar compounds and asphaltenes become immiscible. The process and system disclosed continuously separates immiscible contaminants and solids from the supercritical water and clean oil product solution. The present invention creates a density gradient that enables over 95% recovery of clean oil and over 99% reduction of contaminants such as asphaltenes and particulate matter depending on the properties of the contaminated organic material. 1. A process for separating contaminants from a contaminated feedstock comprised of:combining a contaminated feedstock and supercritical water to form a supercritical water and feedstock solution in a hydrothermal separation vessel, said hydrothermal separation vessel including an upper separation zone and a bottom concentration zone;maintaining a temperature and pressure within the hydrothermal separation vessel to achieve a vertical density gradient therein such that the separation zone of the hydrothermal separation vessel exhibits a lower density than the concentration zone of the hydrothermal separation vessel, to cause the contaminants to separate from the solution in the separation zone and to form a product stream;removing the product stream from the separation zone of the hydrothermal separation vessel; andremoving the contaminants from the concentration zone of the hydrothermal separation vessel.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the separation zone is maintained at a pressure greater than 22.1 MPa ...

EXTRACTION OF CANNABINOIDS, CURCUMINOIDS AND GINSENOSIDES

An example method for extracting phytochemical oil from plant parts includes freezing plant parts from at least one of Cannabis sativa, Curcuma longa, Panax ginseng, and Panax quinquefolius. The frozen plant parts are reduced to a plant powder, which is suspended in an aqueous buffer. The aqueous buffer containing the suspended plant powder is incubated with at least one pectinase and at least one cellulose. An aqueous phase of the incubated aqueous buffer is evaporated through steam heating to obtain a steam dried product. Phytochemical oil, which includes at least one of cannabinoids, curcuminoids, and ginsenosides, is extracted from the steam dried product. 1. A method for extracting phytochemical oil from plant parts , comprising:freezing plant parts from at least one of Cannabis sativa, Curcuma longa, Panax ginseng, and Panax quinquefolius;reducing the frozen plant parts to a plant powder;suspending the plant powder in an aqueous buffer;incubating the aqueous buffer containing the suspended plant powder with at least one pectinase and at least one cellulase;evaporating an aqueous phase of the incubated aqueous buffer through steam heating to obtain a steam dried product; andextracting phytochemical oil from the steam dried product, the phytochemical oil including at least one of cannabinoids, curcuminoids, and ginsenosides.2. The method of claim 1 , comprising claim 1 , prior to said freezing:sanitizing the plant parts, the sanitizing including at least one of washing, ultraviolet irradiation, and ozonolysis.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein said washing and disinfecting removes microorganisms from the plant parts.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein said reducing the frozen plant parts to a plant powder comprises pulverizing the frozen plant parts.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein:said freezing comprises cooling the plant parts with dry ice; andsaid reducing is performed while the plant parts are being cooled by the dry ice.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein ...

SOURCE SUPPLIER FOR A SUPERCRITICAL FLUID, SUBSTRATE PROCESSING APPARATUS HAVING THE SAME

A source supplier includes a source reservoir that contains a liquefied source fluid for a supercritical process, a vaporizer that vaporizes the liquefied source fluid into a gaseous source fluid under high pressure, a purifier that removes organic impurities and moistures from the gaseous source fluid and an analyzer connected to the purifier that analyzes an impurity fraction and a moisture fraction in the gaseous source fluid. Moisture and organic impurities are removed from the source fluid to reduce the moisture concentration of the supercritical fluid in the supercritical process. 1. A source supplier that supplies a source fluid to a supercritical fluid generator in which the source fluid is in a supercritical state , comprising:a source reservoir that contains a liquefied source fluid for a supercritical process;a vaporizer that vaporizes the liquefied source fluid into a gaseous source fluid under high pressure;a purifier that removes organic impurities and moisture from the gaseous source fluid; andan analyzer connected to the purifier that analyzes an impurity fraction and a moisture fraction in the gaseous source fluid.2. The source supplier of claim 1 , wherein the purifier includes:a first filter that filters the organic impurities from the gaseous source fluid, wherein an impurity-filtered source fluid is formed; anda second filter that filters moisture from the impurity-filtered source fluid, wherein a dehydrated source fluid is formed.3. The source supplier of claim 2 , wherein the first filter includes a high-efficiency particulate arrestance (HEPA) filter and a carbon filter combined into one structure and the second filter includes a dehumidifying agent.4. The source supplier of claim 2 , wherein the analyzer includes an impurity detector that detects organic impurities in the impurity-filtered source fluid and a moisture detector that detects moisture in the dehydrated source fluid.6. The source supplier of claim 5 , wherein the detection cell ...

A METHOD OF SEPARATING RHAMNOLIPIDS FROM A FERMENTATION BROTH

A method of extracting at least one rhamnolipid compound from a rhamnolipid fermentation mixture, the method comprising the steps of: (a) admixing an inert adsorbing support with a rhamnolipid fermentation mixture; (b) dissolving the mixture in an organic solvent at a temperature higher than 31° C. and at a pressure higher than 73 bars; (c) separating at least one fatty compound; (d) adding a co-solvent to said organic solvent; (e) modifying temperature and/or pressure; (f) separating a first rhamnolipid compound; and (g) separating a second rhamnolipid compound. 1. A method of extracting at least one rhamnolipid compound from a rhamnolipid fermentation mixture , the method comprising the steps of:(a) admixing an inert adsorbing support with a rhamnolipid fermentation mixture;(b) dissolving the mixture in an organic solvent at a temperature higher than 31° C. and at a pressure higher than 73 bars;(c) separating at least one fatty compound;(d) adding a co-solvent to said organic solvent;(e) modifying temperature and/or pressure;(f) separating a first rhamnolipid compound; and(g) separating a second rhamnolipid compound.2. A method according to wherein the rhamnolipid extraction of steps (f) and (g) follows addition of a co-solvent (d) and increase in temperature and/or pressure in step (e).3. A method according to wherein the defatting step (c) precedes steps (d) to (f).4. A method according to wherein the steps are alphabetically sequential.5. (canceled)6. A method according to wherein the first rhamnolipid compound comprises a mono-rhamnolipid.7. A method according to wherein the second rhamnolipid compound comprises a di-rhamnolipid.8. A method according to wherein the inert adsorbing support comprises diatomaceous earth.9. A method according to wherein the organic solvent is carbon dioxide.10. A method according to wherein the organic solvent is in the supercritical state.11. A method according to wherein the organic solvent is in a supercritical state throughout ...

Dispersion flow device for extraction vessel and methods of use

An extraction system and method of extraction are described herein. The extraction system generally includes an extraction vessel including a vessel body, an extraction solvent inlet, a material inlet, and an outlet, a collection vessel operably connected to the outlet, a dispersion devise disposed proximate the extraction solvent inlet and including a first surface and a second surface, a plurality of openings formed in the dispersion device and extending from the first surface to the second surface, whereby the plurality of openings are adapted for the flow of an extraction solvent therethrough.

NATURAL CRYSTALLINE COLORANT AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION

A crystalline pigment or colorant composition having high color intensity and/or low sugar content, and methods and processes of preparation. The composition may comprise purified fruit and/or vegetable color juices. 1. A composition comprising:a crystalline pigment derived from algae;wherein the composition has a color intensity that is higher than the algae, andwherein the composition has micropores within its crystal structure.2. The composition of claim 1 , containing less than about 5% sugar on a dry weight basis.3. The composition of claim 1 , having a color intensity greater than about 40 claim 1 ,000 color units.4. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a total sugar content of less than about 20% of dry weight.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the pigment is selected from the group consisting of chlorophyll and chlorophyll derivatives.6. A colorant composition comprising:a crystalline pigment or mixture of pigments derived from plants, wherein the composition has a color intensity that is higher than raw juice, wherein the composition has decreased sugar on a dry weight basis than raw juice, and wherein the composition has micropores within its crystal structure.7. The composition of claim 6 , containing less than about 5-20% sugar on a dry weight basis.8. The composition of claim 6 , having a color intensity greater than about 40 claim 6 ,000 color units.9. The composition of claim 6 , wherein the pigment is a red grape anthocyanin and the composition has a color intensity of about 40 claim 6 ,000-55 claim 6 ,000 color units.10. The composition of claim 6 , wherein the pigment is a purple carrot anthocyanin and the composition has a color intensity of about 90 claim 6 ,000-125 claim 6 ,000 color units.11. The composition of claim 6 , further comprising a total sugar content of less than 20% of dry weight.12. The composition of claim 6 , wherein the pigment is selected from the group consisting of anthocyanins claim 6 , carotenoids claim 6 , ...

Method of Separating Mannosylerythritol Lipids

A method of fractionating a mannosylerythritol lipids (MELs) containing composition by loading the composition onto an adsorbing support, separating a fraction which is enriched in MELs from the support using supercritical carbon dioxide, and optionally separating one or more further fractions enriched in MELs from the support using supercritical carbon dioxide and an optional co-solvent. The MELs can be obtained at high concentration by using only “green” solvents. 1. A method of fractionating a MEL-containing composition which comprises:(i) loading the composition onto an adsorbing support,(ii) optionally separating a fraction from the support using liquid carbon dioxide,(iii) separating a fraction which is enriched in MEL from the support using supercritical carbon dioxide, and(iv) optionally separating one or more further fractions enriched in MEL from the support using supercritical carbon dioxide and an optional co-solvent.2. The method according to wherein the MEL-containing composition is a fermentation broth and the method comprises:(i) dewatering the broth,(ii) loading the dewatered composition onto an adsorbing support,(iii) separating a fraction from the support using liquid carbon dioxide,(iv) separating a fraction which is enriched in MEL from the support using supercritical carbon dioxide, and(v) optionally separating one or more further fractions enriched in MEL from the support using supercritical carbon dioxide and an optional co-solvent.3. The method according to which comprises:(i) loading the composition onto an adsorbing support,(ii) optionally separating a fraction from the support using liquid carbon dioxide,(iii) separating a fraction which is enriched in MEL from the support using supercritical carbon dioxide, and(iv) separating one or more further fractions enriched in MEL from the support using supercritical carbon dioxide and an optional co-solvent.4. The method according to wherein the co-solvent is present.5. The method according to ...

SOLVENT SEPARATION METHOD AND SOLVENT SEPARATION APPARATUS

A separation method and a separation apparatus for a solvent extracted by supercritical extraction. The separation method increases a solvent recovery rate by minimizing the amount of a solvent to be evaporated and lost since the pressure of a solvent is reduced by arranging two or more separators in series. The method includes: introducing a fluid having passed through a supercritical extractor into a first flash vessel; introducing the fluid which has passed through the first flash vessel into a second flash vessel; and discharging and recovering the carbon dioxide and the solvent which have passed through the second flash vessel, respectively. The pressure of the first flash vessel is 40-100 bar, and the pressure of the second flash vessel is 1-30 bar. The fluid includes carbon dioxide and a solvent. 1. A solvent separation method comprising:1) introducing a fluid having passed through a supercritical extractor into a first flash vessel, wherein the fluid comprises carbon dioxide and a solvent;2) introducing the fluid which has passed through the first flash vessel into a second flash vessel; and3) discharging and recovering the carbon dioxide and the solvent which have passed through the second flash vessel, respectively,wherein the pressure of the first flash vessel is 40-100 bar, and the pressure of the second flash vessel is 1-30 bar.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the temperatures of the first flash vessel and the second flash vessel are individually maintained at 10-30° C.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein discharging and recovering the solvent is carried out at atmospheric pressure and room temperature.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the supercritical extractor is maintained at a pressure of 73.8-300 bar and a temperature of 31.1-80° C.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carbon dioxide is pressurized and liquefied through a compressor and a heat exchanger connected to an upper portion of the second flash vessel and recovered in a liquid state in a ...

DUAL PHASE EXTRACTION APPARATUS

A dual phase re-circulating extraction apparatus comprises at least one extraction vessel, at least one separation chamber, and a circulation conduit configured to direct a process fluid into the extraction vessel, where it may come into contact with a source material to form a mixture, and is then passed to the separation chamber, where the process fluid separates from the extracted material, and the process fluid is recirculated back to the extraction vessel. The apparatus includes a gas pump, at least one heat exchanger, and a liquid pump, each connected to the conduit, to efficiently convert a relatively low pressure gas after separation to a relatively high pressure liquid or supercritical fluid for extraction. The apparatus can be configured to enable a batch mode process allowing continuous flow to the separators while the extractors are cycled online and offline in a sequence to enable servicing and reloading. 1. A dual phase recirculating extraction apparatus , comprising:an extraction vessel having first and second extraction vessel openings, wherein each extraction vessel opening can function either as an ingress or an egress, the extraction vessel configured to receive a process fluid through the ingress, allow the process fluid to come into contact with a source material within the extraction vessel to form a mixture, and permit the mixture to exit the extraction vessel through the egress;a first filter adapted to retain the source material while also allowing the process fluid or the mixture to pass through the first extraction vessel opening;a second filter adapted to retain the source material while also allowing the process fluid or the mixture to pass through the second extraction vessel opening;a separation chamber;a circulation conduit configured to direct the process fluid into the extraction vessel through a predetermined ingress selected from the first and second extraction vessel openings, direct flow of the mixture from the extraction vessel ...

REMOVAL OF HYDROPHOBIC PARTICLES USING CARBON DIOXIDE

A plurality of collection surfaces for use in an aqueous slurry has a polymeric coating to provide a compliant and sticky surface. The polymer coating has a chemical to render the surface hydrophobic so as to attract hydrophobic or hydrophobized mineral particles in the slurry. The substrate can take the form of a conveyor belt, a bead, a mesh, an impeller, a filter or a flat surface. The substrate can also be an open-cell foam. The collection surfaces having the mineral particles attached thereon are caused to interact with liquid and supercritical carbon dioxide so that the mineral particles can be stripped from the collection surfaces. 1. An apparatus , comprising:loaded media comprising one or more collection surfaces having mineral particles attached thereon;a releasing agent; anda mixing compartment configured to facilitate contacting between said one or more collection surfaces and the releasing agent so as to separate the mineral particles from said one or more collection surfaces, wherein the releasing agent is selected from the group consisting of liquid carbon dioxide, supercritical fluid carbon dioxide, HFC, alcohols and liquid alkanes.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein each of said one or more collection surfaces comprises a solid-phase body having a surface functionalized to be hydrophobic.3. The apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the solid-phase body is made of a synthetic material.4. The apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the solid-phase body comprises a three-dimensional open cellular structure.5. The apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the solid-phase body comprises an open-cell foam coated with a compliant claim 2 , tacky polymer of low surface energy.6. The apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the solid-phase body comprises an open-cell foam made from a material selected from the group consisting of reticulated polyurethane claim 2 , silicone claim 2 , polychloroprene claim 2 , polyisocyanurate claim 2 , ...

SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION APPARATUSES AND METHODS FOR OPERATING THE SAME

A supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) apparatus is provided that is capable of being operated in a continuous and/or steady-state fashion. The SFE apparatus may include an extraction assembly. The extraction assembly may include a first extraction chamber (FEC) to contain a first amount of source material from which a compound is to be extracted, and a second extraction chamber (SEC) to contain a second amount of the source material. The extraction assembly may include a valve to control a flow of a solvent into the FEC or the SEC. The SFE apparatus may include a collection chamber that is mounted substantially perpendicular to the extraction assembly. Other embodiments are described. 1. An extraction assembly of a supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) apparatus , the extraction assembly comprising:a first extraction chamber (FEC) to contain a first amount of a first source material from which a first compound is to be extracted;a second extraction chamber (SEC) to contain a second amount of a second source material from which a second compound is to be extracted; anda valve to control a flow of a solvent into the FEC or the SEC,wherein, when the solvent is to flow into the FEC, the solvent is to enter a supercritical phase to obtain, from the first source material, a first composition comprising the solvent and the first compound, andwherein, after the solvent is to flow into the FEC, the solvent is to be recirculated into the SEC, and when the solvent is to flow into the SEC, the solvent is to enter a supercritical phase to obtain, from the second source material, a second composition comprising the solvent and the second compound.2. The extraction assembly of claim 1 , wherein the solvent is to be recirculated into the SEC without the SFE apparatus undergoing a decompression operation.3. The extraction assembly of claim 1 , wherein new first source material is to be placed inside the FEC as the solvent is recirculated into the SEC and without the SFE apparatus ...

Targetry coupled separations

Targetry coupled separation refers to enhancing the production of a predetermined radiation product through the selection of a target (including selection of the target material and the material's physical structure) and separation chemistry in order to optimize the recovery of the predetermined radiation product. This disclosure describes systems and methods for creating (through irradiation) and removing one or more desired radioisotopes from a target and further describes systems and methods that allow the same target to undergo multiple irradiations and separation operations without damage to the target. In contrast with the prior art that requires complete dissolution or destruction of a target before recovery of any irradiation products, the repeated reuse of the same physical target allowed by targetry coupled separation represents a significant increase in efficiency and decrease in cost over the prior art.

Method for preparation of a cannabinoid extract from hemp

The invention relates to a method for extraction and separation of cannabinoids from industrial hemp, designed for medicinal purposes, and also the preparation of an extract, not containing tetrahydrocannabinol, and the preparation of maximum refined individual cannabinoids. The advantage of the method according to the invention consists in the preparation of an extract from hemp, which contains at a high percentage medically useful cannabinoids and doesn't contain undesirable admixtures and tetrahydrocannabinol, so that it can be used without any restrictions as a pharmaceutical. Moreover, the method allows the possibility of separation, if required, into individual useful cannabinoids as pure compounds, in ecological terms, without environmental pollution, as it is according to the most synthetic methods. The possibility of producing pure compounds represents a great contribution to the research of substances, related to a concrete medical application and the preparation of various combinations thereof, with the objective of expansion the field of application. The method is also cost-effective. The method consists in that the extract, obtained in accordance with various methods, undergoes a centrifugal countercurrent liquid-liquid chromatography, as the operation includes a centrifugation of solvents and the extract, obtained during the previous operations; the solvents form two phases, the phase, which the extract is dissolved in, is mobile, and the other one is stationary, whereby the mobile phase passes through the stationary phase, wherein several amounts of the components of the extract content are captured; this passing of the mobile phase through the stationary phase is repeated many times, until separation of the desired substances, which are analyzed in a familiar way, whereby as stationary phase solvents are used, which are selected from the group of straight-chain and branched-chain hydrocarbons, produced from crude oil, straight-chain and/or ...

Supercritical water upgrading process to produce high grade coke

Embodiments of a process for producing high grade coke from crude oil residue include at least partially separating, in a solvent extraction unit, the crude oil residue into a deasphalted oil (DAO)-containing stream and an asphaltene containing-stream, producing a pressurized, heated DAO-containing stream, where the pressurized, heated DAO-containing stream, mixing a supercritical water stream with the pressurized, heated DAO-containing stream to create a combined feed stream, introducing the combined feed stream to an upgrading reactor system operating at supercritical temperature and pressure to yield one or more upgrading reactor output streams comprising upgraded product and a slurry mixture, where the slurry mixture comprises sulfur and one or more additional metals. The process also may include calcining the slurry mixture at a temperature of from 700° C. to 1900° C. to produce a product stream comprising the high grade coke.

TARGETRY COUPLED SEPARATIONS

Targetry coupled separation refers to enhancing the production of a predetermined radiation product through the selection of a target (including selection of the target material and the material's physical structure) and separation chemistry in order to optimize the recovery of the predetermined radiation product. This disclosure describes systems and methods for creating (through irradiation) and removing one or more desired radioisotopes from a target and further describes systems and methods that allow the same target to undergo multiple irradiations and separation operations without damage to the target. In contrast with the prior art that requires complete dissolution or destruction of a target before recovery of any irradiation products, the repeated reuse of the same physical target allowed by targetry coupled separation represents a significant increase in efficiency and decrease in cost over the prior art. 120-. (canceled)21. A method of manufacturing a radionuclide metal that is a fission product of the fissioning of uranium , the method comprising:fissioning a molten fuel salt containing uranium, thereby generating an irradiated fuel salt mixture containing molten uranium salt and fission products, wherein the fission products include the radionuclide metal;contacting at least some of the irradiated fuel salt mixture with supercritical carbon dioxide containing a ligand that forms a metal complex with the radionuclide metal but does not form a metal complex with the uranium in the fuel salt, thereby forming a combined fuel salt and supercritical carbon dioxide mixture containing an amount of radionuclide metal complexes;separating at least some of the radionuclide metal complexes from the combined fuel salt and supercritical carbon dioxide mixture; anddecomposing the radionuclide metal complexes to obtain the radionuclide metal.22. The method of claim 21 , wherein the contacting further comprises:removing the irradiated fuel salt mixture from a molten ...

NATURAL CRYSTALLINE COLORANT AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION

A crystalline pigment or colorant composition having high color intensity and/or low sugar content, and methods and processes of preparation. The composition may comprise purified fruit and/or vegetable color juices. 1. A composition , comprising:a crystalline pigment or mixture of pigments derived from a plant source, wherein the crystalline pigment or mixture of pigments comprises a color intensity greater than that of a raw juice extracted from the plant source, and wherein the crystalline pigment or mixture of pigments comprises glassy and angular crystals with micropores.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the color intensity is at least about 5% to 200% higher than that of the raw juice.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the crystalline pigment or mixture of pigments comprises a lower sugar content on a dry weight basis than the raw juice.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the plant source comprises plants or algae.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the glassy and angular crystals are produced by refractive window drying or freeze drying.6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the glassy and angular crystals are larger than crystals produced by spray drying.7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the glassy and angular crystals are approximately 7 times larger than crystals produced by spray drying.8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the glassy and angular crystals have a size that is different from that of crystals produced by spray drying.9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the crystalline pigment or mixture of pigments comprises a particle density that is greater than a particle density produced by spray drying.10. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the crystalline pigment or mixture of pigments comprises a particle density that is 50% greater than a particle density produced by spray drying.11. A composition claim 1 , comprising:a crystalline pigment or mixture of pigments derived from plants or algae, wherein the crystalline ...

CRYSTAL FORMS OF tetrahydro-N,N-dimethyl-2,2-diphenyl-3-furanmethanamine hydrochloride, PROCESSES OF MAKING SUCH FORMS, AND THEIR PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS

Polymorphic forms of tetrahydro-N,N-dimethyl-2,2-diphenyl-3-furanmethanamine hydrochloride (ANAVEX2-73) and a metabolite of tetrahydro-N,N-dimethyl-2,2-diphenyl-3-furanmethanamine hydrochloride (ANAVEX2-73) are disclosed and characterized. Compositions and method for treatment of Alzheimer's disease that includes the polymorphic forms and metabolite of tetrahydro-N,N-dimethyl-2,2-diphenyl-3-furanmethanamine hydrochloride (ANAVEX2-73). 1. A crystalline form of tetrahydro-N ,N-dimethyl-2 ,2-diphenyl-3-furanmethanamine hydrochloride characterized by the PXRD pattern shown in , , or .2. The crystalline form of claim 1 , further characterized by the FTIR spectrum shown in or .3. The crystalline form of claim 1 , further characterized by the H-NMR spectrum shown in or .4. The crystalline form of claim 1 , further characterized by the particle shapes depicted in claim 1 , claim 1 , or .5. The crystalline form of claim 1 , further characterized by the particle sizes depicted in claim 1 , claim 1 , or .6. The crystalline form of claim 1 , wherein the habit is plate-like.7. The crystalline form of claim 1 , wherein the habit is needle-like.8. The crystalline form of claim 1 , wherein the habit is lath-like.9. A method of making the crystalline form of claim 1 , wherein the method uses a supercritical fluid (SCF) technique.10. A dosage form comprising a therapeutically neuroprotective amount of the crystalline form of .11. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease comprising a therapeutically effective amount of the crystalline form of .12. A method of treating Alzheimer's disease in a subject comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the crystalline form of .13. Crystalline Form I of tetrahydro-N claim 1 ,N-dimethyl-2 claim 1 ,2-diphenyl-3-furanmethanamine hydrochloride characterized by the PXRD pattern shown in any of the group consisting of claim 1 , claim 1 , and .1415.-. (canceled)16. The crystalline Form I ...

Targetry coupled separations

Targetry coupled separation refers to enhancing the production of a predetermined radiation product through the selection of a target (including selection of the target material and the material's physical structure) and separation chemistry in order to optimize the recovery of the predetermined radiation product. This disclosure describes systems and methods for creating (through irradiation) and removing one or more desired radioisotopes from a target and further describes systems and methods that allow the same target to undergo multiple irradiations and separation operations without damage to the target. In contrast with the prior art that requires complete dissolution or destruction of a target before recovery of any irradiation products, the repeated reuse of the same physical target allowed by targetry coupled separation represents a significant increase in efficiency and decrease in cost over the prior art.

NATURAL CRYSTALLINE COLORANT AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION

A crystalline pigment or colorant composition having high color intensity and/or low sugar content, and methods and processes of preparation. The composition may comprise purified fruit and/or vegetable color juices. 1. A system , comprising:a conveyor belt having a top surface, wherein the conveyor belt is configured to receive a liquid feed on the top surface;an applicator tray at a first end of the conveyor belt that receives the liquid feed and provides the liquid feed to the top surface;one or more heating trays underneath the conveyor belt that heats the liquid feed to facilitate production of a crystalline product from the liquid feed, wherein hot water circulates through the one or more heating trays.2. The system , further comprisingan air pump;a suction hose connected to the air pump; anda feed barrel connected to the suction hose.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the air pump pumps a raw liquid feed from the feed barrel through a filter into a feed balance tank.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the air pump is controlled by a level of the liquid feed in the feed balance tank.5. The system of claim 1 , further comprising valves on one or more feed spouts that drain the liquid feed onto the applicator tray claim 1 , forming a thin layer on the moving surface of the belt.6. The system of claim 1 , where the hot water is at a temperature of up to about 210° F.7. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a tunnel through which the conveyor belt passes.8. The system of claim 1 , wherein a temperature of the liquid feed is lower than a hot water temperature.9. The system of claim 1 , further comprising air blowers that move water vapor away from the conveyor belt.10. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a plastic edge to facilitate removing the crystalline product from the conveyor belt.11. The system of claim 1 , wherein the liquid feed includes a pigment selected from the group consisting of anthocyanins claim 1 , carotenoids claim 1 , betalains claim ...

PROCESS FOR REDUCING BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND OF FOOD AND BEVERAGE PROCESSING EFFLUENT

A process and system for reducing biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of food and beverage processing effluents. 1. A process for reducing biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of a food or beverage processing effluent with a BOD greater than 750 mg/L comprising:(i) contacting the process effluent with one or more microorganisms that have been genetically engineered to produce secondary metabolites wherein the secondary metabolites are selected from the group consisting of terpenoids, cannabinoids, cannabinoid producing enzymes, alkaloids or combinations thereof;(ii) allowing the process effluent and microorganisms to react or ferment creating a reaction mass comprising the process effluent with a BOD less than 500 mg/L, the microorganisms and the secondary metabolites; and(iii) removing the secondary metabolites from the reaction mass.2. The process according to wherein the process effluent is whey or whey permeate.3. The process according to wherein the microorganisms have been genetically engineered to produce a cannabinoid.4. The process according to wherein the secondary metabolites are removed with a supercritical COextraction using COobtained from step (ii).5. The process according to wherein hexanoic acid is added to step (ii).6. The process according to wherein the hexanoic acid is obtained from a process wherein a first a food or beverage processing effluent with a BOD greater than 750 mg/L is contacted with a genetically engineered microorganism that has been engineered to produce hexanoic acid.7. The process according to further comprising the step of separating the process effluent with a BOD less than 500 mg/L from the reaction mass.8. The process according to further comprising the step of separating the microorganisms from the reaction mass to create a biomass.9. The process according to comprising the steps of treating the biomass to anaerobic digestion to create a biogas and capturing the biogas to supply energy to the process equipment. This application ...

CRYSTAL FORMS OF TETRAHYDRO-N,N-DIMETHYL-2,2-DIPHENYL-3-FURANMETHANAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE, PROCESSES OF MAKING SUCH FORMS, AND THEIR PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS

Polymorphic forms of tetrahydro-N,N-dimethyl-2,2-diphenyl-3-furanmethanamine hydrochloride (ANAVEX2-73) and a metabolite of tetrahydro-N,N-dimethyl-2,2-diphenyl-3-furanmethanamine hydrochloride (ANAVEX2-73) are disclosed and characterized. Compositions and method for treatment of Alzheimer's disease that includes the polymorphic forms and metabolite of tetrahydro-N,N-dimethyl-2,2-diphenyl-3-furanmethanamine hydrochloride (ANAVEX2-73). 1. A method of making a crystal form of ANAVEX2-73 , comprising crystallizing the ANAVEX2-73 in a supercritical fluid (SCF) environment.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the supercritical fluid comprises supercritical carbon dioxide.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the crystallizing comprises:a. making a solution of ANAVEX2-73 in a solvent;b. introducing the solution to the SCF;c. allowing crystallization of ANAVEX2-73 in the SCF environment to form crystals;d. isolating the crystals, thus obtaining the crystal form of ANAVEX2-73.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the solvent comprises ethanol claim 3 , acetonitrile claim 3 , isopropyl alcohol claim 3 , trifluoroethanol claim 3 , acetone claim 3 , 3-methyl-I-butanol claim 3 , 2-ethoxyethanol claim 3 , 1-propanol claim 3 , dichloromethane claim 3 , dimethyl sulfoxide claim 3 , N claim 3 ,N′-dimethylacetamide claim 3 , dimethylformamide claim 3 , trifluoroethanol claim 3 , 1:9 v/v trifluoroethanol+ethanol claim 3 , 1:1 v/v acetone+ethanol claim 3 , 3-methyl-1-butanol claim 3 , N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone claim 3 , tert-butanol claim 3 , or a combination thereof.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the SCF environment comprises pressure from about 85 bar to about 200 bar claim 3 , temperature ranging from about 40° C. to about 80° C. claim 3 , and TS flow ranging from about 0.1 g/min to about 1.7 g/min.6. A crystal form produced according to the method of claim 1 , substantially characterized by an X-ray diffraction pattern of claim 1 , claim 1 , or .7. The crystal form of claim 6 , further ...

Supercritical water and ammonia oxidation system and process

The present application provides systems and methods for upgrading an oil stream. The system includes a reactor, a phase separator, an expansion device, a cooling unit, and two separation units. The reactor receives the oil stream, ammonia, and supercritical water. The supercritical water upgrades the oil stream, and the ammonia reacts with sulfur initially present in the oil stream to produce ammonia-sulfur compounds. The phase separator receives a mixture stream comprising the upgraded oil stream, supercritical water, and the ammonia-sulfur compounds, and separates out non-dissolved components. The expansion device reduces the pressure of the mixture stream below a water critical pressure. The cooling unit reduces the temperature of the mixture stream. A first separation unit separates the mixture stream it into a hydrocarbon-rich gaseous phase, a water stream containing ammonia-sulfur compounds, and a treated oil stream. A second separation unit separates the ammonia-sulfur compounds from the water stream.

IMPROVED PROCESS FOR PRODUCING FUCOXANTHIN AND/OR POLYSACCHARIDES FROM MICROALGAE

Provided is a process for production of fucoxanthin and/or polysaccharides from microalgae and the use of purified fucoxanthin thereof in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, nutraceutical and food compositions. 123.-. (canceled)24. An improved process for producing fucoxanthin and/or polysaccharides from microalgae comprising the steps of:(a) cultivating the microalgae medium using inducers to enable rapid cell growth for enhanced production of fucoxanthin and/or polysaccharides;(b) harvesting and drying the algal culture to produce a dry culture;(c) carrying out air pressure milling to crack the cell walls of the algae;(d) extracting the dry culture to produce extracts rich in fucoxanthin and/or polysaccharides; and(e) separating the extraction mixture into a biomass fraction and a fucoxanthin-rich oleoresin and/or polysaccharide-rich extract and optionally further purifying said fucoxanthin-rich oleoresin and/or polysaccharide-rich extract.25PhaeodactylumIsochrysisAmphoraNaviculla lensi, Naviculla incertaChaeotocerous. The process of claim 24 , wherein the algal culture is selected from sp. claim 24 , sp. claim 24 , sp. claim 24 , and sp.26. The process of claim 24 , wherein cultivating the microalgae is carried out using stress conditions selected form nitrogen or nitrate starvation claim 24 , phosphorous starvation claim 24 , light starvation claim 24 , selecting specific light wavelengths claim 24 , changing the light wavelengths during cultivation (from blue-green to green-red) claim 24 , adding HO claim 24 , applying heat claim 24 , using higher pH claim 24 , adding chlorine ions claim 24 , adding plant hormones claim 24 , exposing the medium to ozone and combination of stress conditions thereof.27. The process of claim 24 , wherein harvesting the microalgae is carried out by separating the microalgae from the aqueous mixture by centrifugation and optionally re-centrifugation followed by drying.28. The process of claim 27 , wherein the algal culture is dried by at ...

SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE EXTRACTION OF RESIDUAL GLUTARALDEHYDE FROM CROSSLINKED COLLAGEN

A system and method for removing residual glutaraldehyde from a natural polymer scaffold crosslinked with glutaraldehyde is provided. The system includes a cleaning solution comprising carbon dioxide and one or more polar solvents and an environmental chamber that can include and a treatment chamber. The environmental chamber is maintained at a temperature greater than 31.1° C. and the carbon dioxide is maintained at a pressure greater than 7.38 megapascals to form supercritical carbon dioxide. A crosslinked natural polymer scaffold treated via the glutaraldehyde removal system and method can have a glutaraldehyde content of less than about 3 parts per million. A crosslinked natural polymer scaffold cleaning solution comprising supercritical carbon dioxide and one or more polar solvents is also provided. 1. A system for removing residual glutaraldehyde from a natural polymer scaffold crosslinked with glutaraldehyde , the system comprising:a cleaning solution comprising carbon dioxide and one or more polar solvents; andan environmental chamber comprising a treatment chamber, wherein the environmental chamber is maintained at a temperature greater than 31.1° C. and the carbon dioxide is maintained at a pressure greater than 7.38 megapascals to form supercritical carbon dioxide.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the treatment chamber receives the natural polymer scaffold.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the environmental chamber comprises a presaturation chamber claim 1 , wherein the cleaning solution is mixed in the presaturation chamber.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the cleaning solution is deliverable from the presaturation chamber to the treatment chamber.5. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a pump claim 1 , wherein the pump compresses the carbon dioxide.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the cleaning solution is delivered to the treatment chamber at a flow rate ranging from about 1.5 millimeters per minute to about 3.5 milliliters per minute.7. The ...

EXTRACTION PROCESS SPLASH GUARD AND DIFFUSER

The present disclosure relates to methodologies, systems, and devices for collecting extract in a CO-based extraction system. A diffuser can be used, attached to one end of an extraction tube, in order to depressurize the COand extract mixture as it exits the diffuser and enters the extraction collection container. A splash guard can also be attached to the extraction tube in order to block any splashing of extract while COis allowed to vent from the extraction collection container. 1. A guard for an extraction process , comprising:a body having a cylindrical extension including a passage for flowing a fluid including a mix of an extract and extraction fluid;a disc shaped support flange radially extending from the body and having at least one vent hole extending parallel to a central vertical axis and radially offset from the body;an outer baffle radially extending from the body and spaced from the disc shaped support flange along the central vertical axis; andan inner baffle radially extending from the body and spaced from the disc shaped support flange along the central vertical axis,wherein the outer baffle and the inner baffle are disposed on opposing sides of the disc shaped support flange and overlap the at least one vent hole.2. The guard of claim 1 , wherein the passage is configured and dimensioned to receive therein an extraction tube of a cyclone separator.3. The guard of claim 1 , wherein the disc shaped support flange defines a convex configuration.4. The guard of claim 1 , wherein the disc shaped support flange includes a circumferential lip extending perpendicularly relative to the central vertical axis.5. The guard of claim 1 , wherein the disc shaped support flange radially surrounds the outer baffle.6. The guard of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the overlapping outer baffle or inner baffle is centered relative to the vent hole vertical axis.7. A diffuser for an extraction process claim 1 , comprising:a body including an entrance opening ...

Process for the fractionation of essential oils

A method for modifying the composition of essential oils to be used as such or as ingredients for flavour and fragrance formulations, the process using carbon dioxide and suitable solvents in combination with specific supports; Flavours and fragrances containing ingredients produced by the method and applications using the flavours and fragrances.

DUAL CHANNEL CONNECTOR UNITS, DEVICES, METHODS, AND SYSTEMS INCLUDING THE SAME

Technologies for providing a gas inlet and gas outlet to a compartment are described. In embodiments, the technologies include a dual channel connector unit that includes an inlet passageway and an outlet passageway. In embodiments at least a portion of the outlet passageway is disposed radially around the inlet passageway. The connector unit is configured to install into a portion (e.g., wall, bottom, top, or lid) of a compartment. Systems and methods including such connector units are also described. 2. The connector unit of claim 1 , further comprising:a first inlet connector coupled to the first proximal end; anda second inlet connector coupled to the first distal end.3. The connector unit of claim 2 , further comprising an outlet connector configured to couple to the second proximal end.4. The connector unit of claim 1 , wherein the second distal end is located proximal to the first distal end.5. The connector unit of claim 2 , wherein the second inlet connector comprises said first distal end claim 2 , and the second distal end is located proximal to the first distal end.6. The connector unit of claim 1 , wherein said self drilling elements comprise teeth claim 1 , blades claim 1 , or a combination thereof.7. The connector unit of claim 1 , wherein said self drilling elements are integral with said end surface of the wall of the second body.8. The connector unit of claim 7 , wherein:the inward facing surface of the wall of the second body that defines at least a portion of the first passageway;when the fourth connector portion is inserted into the first passageway, a gap is present between the outer surface of the first body and the inward facing surface of the wall of said second body; andsaid gap defines at least a portion of the outlet passageway.9. The connector unit of claim 8 , further comprising at least one standoff element extending from the outer surface of the first body claim 8 , the at least one standoff element to maintain the gap between the ...

PERFLUOROPOLYETHER EXTRACTION PROCESSES

This disclosure relates to a process for extracting a perfluoropolyether. The process involves: (a) contacting a solvent comprising a liquid or supercritical carbon dioxide with a lubricating grease comprising a thickener and the perfluoropolyether in an extraction zone to form an extraction solution comprising an extracted perfluoropolyether; and (b) recovering the extracted perfluoropolyether from the extraction solution; wherein the recovered extracted perfluoropolyether comprises no more than about 2 wt % of the thickener. 1. A process for extracting a perfluoropolyether , comprising:(a) contacting a solvent comprising a liquid or supercritical carbon dioxide with a lubricating grease comprising a thickener and the perfluoropolyether in an extraction zone to form an extraction solution comprising an extracted perfluoropolyether; and(b) recovering the extracted perfluoropolyether from the extraction solution; wherein the recovered extracted perfluoropolyether comprises no more than about 2 wt % of the thickener.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recovered extracted perfluoropolyether comprises no more than about 0.1 wt % of the thickener.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the thickener is selected from the group consisting of PTFE claim 1 , FEP claim 1 , PFA claim 1 , MFA claim 1 , ETFE claim 1 , PCTFE claim 1 , ECTFE claim 1 , PVDF claim 1 , and combinations thereof.4. The process of claim 3 , wherein the thickener is PTFE.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the thickener is selected from the group consisting of talc claim 1 , silica claim 1 , clay claim 1 , boron nitride claim 1 , titanium dioxide claim 1 , silicon nitride claim 1 , and combinations thereof.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the thickener is selected from the group consisting of metal soaps claim 1 , melamine cyanurate claim 1 , urea claim 1 , polyureas claim 1 , polyurethanes claim 1 , polyolefins claim 1 , and combinations thereof.7. The process of claim 6 , wherein the metal soap is ...

Dispersion Flow Device for Extraction Vessel and Methods of Use

An extraction system and method of extraction are described herein. The extraction system generally includes an extraction vessel including a vessel body, an extraction solvent inlet, a material inlet, and an outlet, a collection vessel operably connected to the outlet, a dispersion devise disposed proximate the extraction solvent inlet and including a first surface and a second surface, a plurality of openings formed in the dispersion device and extending from the first surface to the second surface, whereby the plurality of openings are adapted for the flow of an extraction solvent therethough. 1. An extraction method , comprising:contacting a material comprising an extractant and a matrix with an extraction solvent within an extraction vessel at extraction conditions sufficient to form an extraction product comprising the extractant, the extraction solvent and the matrix; andapplying a pressure differential to the extraction product to separating the matrix from the extractant and the extraction solvent,wherein the extraction solvent flows through a dispersion devise prior or essentially simultaneously with contact with the material and wherein the dispersion device comprises a first surface and a second surface, and a plurality of openings extending from the first surface to the second surface, whereby the plurality of openings are adapted for the flow of an extraction solvent therethrough.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the extraction conditions comprise supercritical conditions.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the extraction solvent comprises CO.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the extraction conditions comprise a pressure in a range of from about 900 psi to 20000 psi.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the extraction conditions comprise a temperature in a range of from about −20° C. to about 200° C.6. An extraction system comprising:an extraction vessel comprising a vessel body, an extraction solvent inlet, a material inlet, and an outlet;a collection ...

SUPERCRITICAL WATER UPGRADING PROCESS TO PRODUCE HIGH GRADE COKE

Embodiments of a process for producing high grade coke from crude oil residue include at least partially separating, in a solvent extraction unit, the crude oil residue into a deasphalted oil (DAO)-containing stream and an asphaltene containing-stream, producing a pressurized, heated DAO-containing stream, where the pressurized, heated DAO-containing stream, mixing a supercritical water stream with the pressurized, heated DAO-containing stream to create a combined feed stream, introducing the combined feed stream to an upgrading reactor system operating at supercritical temperature and pressure to yield one or more upgrading reactor output streams comprising upgraded product and a slurry mixture, where the slurry mixture comprises sulfur and one or more additional metals. The process also may include calcining the slurry mixture at a temperature of from 700° C. to 1900° C. to produce a product stream comprising the high grade coke. 1. A process for producing high grade coke from crude oil residue comprising:at least partially separating, in a solvent extraction unit, the crude oil residue into a deasphalted oil (DAO)-containing stream and an asphaltene containing-stream;producing a pressurized, heated DAO-containing stream by pressurizing and heating the DAO-containing stream, where the pressurized, heated DAO-containing stream is at a temperature greater than 75° C., and a pressure greater than a critical pressure of water;mixing a supercritical water stream with the pressurized, heated DAO-containing stream to create a combined feed stream, where the supercritical water stream has a pressure greater than the critical pressure of water and a temperature greater than a critical temperature of water;introducing the combined feed stream to an upgrading reactor system comprising one or more upgrading reactors operating at a temperature greater than the critical temperature of water and a pressure greater than the critical pressure of water to yield one or more ...

Heat and Energy Integrated Continuous Process for Plastic Waste Recovery

Improvements relate to a heat and energy integrated method and apparatus for plastic waste recovery having supercritical liquefaction. A volume of plastic waste is processed to produce a plastic waste stream. A reaction unit is utilized for adsorbing the plastic with a solvent having at least water, plus heating and pressurizing the plastic waste stream with the solvent into a supercritical extraction state for converting the plastic waste stream into a mixture fluid stream of a supercritical nature within the reaction unit. The mixture fluid stream may be cycled proximate to the outlet from the reaction unit via periodically letting the pressure down, and then letting the pressure recover. A volume of inert solids are removed from the mixture fluid stream thereby creating a remaining combined gases and liquids fluid stream. Power is recovered from the remaining combined gases and liquids fluid stream. And, volumes of water, gas and oil are separated from the combined gases and liquids fluid stream.

High-efficiency supercritical oil extraction method

A high-efficiency supercritical oil extraction method is provided. According to the method, in an early extraction stage, extraction is performed using an extractant along an extraction kettle from top to bottom; in a middle extraction stage, the extraction kettle is longitudinally flipped by 180 degrees, extraction is still performed using an extractant along the extraction kettle from top to bottom; in a later extraction stage, extraction is performed using a conventional extractant along the extraction kettle from bottom to top. Thus, the pressure effect and the critical extraction effect of the critical extractant are simultaneously exerted, thereby greatly improving the extraction efficiency of supercritical oil extraction, shortening the extraction time, and reducing the dosage of extractant, so as to achieve high-efficiency and low-cost oil extraction.

Fluorinated crown ethers and methods and systems for extraction of lithium using same

The present disclosure provides fluorinated crown ethers. The fluorinated crown ethers have one or more pendant fluorinated groups (e.g., thioether groups with a terminal fluorinated group). The fluorinated crown ethers have desirable solubility in supercritical carbon dioxide. Also provided are methods and systems for removal of lithium (e.g., lithium ions) from aqueous samples using the fluorinated crown ethers coupled with lipophilic cation exchangers.

CRYSTAL FORMS OF TETRAHYDRO-N,N-DIMETHYL-2,2-DIPHENYL-3-FURANMETHANAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE, PROCESSES OF MAKING SUCH FORMS, AND THEIR PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS

Polymorphic forms of tetrahydro-N,N-dimethyl-2,2-diphenyl-3-furanmethanamine hydrochloride (ANAVEX2-73) and a metabolite of tetrahydro-N,N-dimethyl-2,2-diphenyl-3-furanmethanamine hydrochloride (ANAVEX2-73) are disclosed and characterized. Compositions and method for treatment of Alzheimer's disease that includes the polymorphic forms and metabolite of tetrahydro-N,N-dimethyl-2,2-diphenyl-3-furanmethanamine hydrochloride (ANAVEX2-73). 1. A metabolite ANAVEX19-144 characterized by any one of the PXRD patterns shown in , the DSC-TGA data shown in and/or the FTIR spectrum shown in .2. The metabolite ANAVEX19-144 of claim 1 , characterized by particle shapes as depicted in .3. The metabolite ANAVEX19-144 of claim 1 , characterized by particle sizes as depicted in .4. The metabolite ANAVEX19-144 of claim 1 , wherein the habit is needle-like.5. The method of making the metabolite ANAVEX19-144 of claim 1 , wherein the method uses a supercritical fluid (SCF) technique.6. A dosage form comprising a therapeutically neuroprotective amount of the metabolite ANAVEX19-144 of .7. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease comprising a therapeutically effective amount of the metabolite ANAVEX19-144 of .8. A method of treating Alzheimer's disease in a subject comprising administrating to a subject a therapeutically effective amount of the metabolite ANAVEX19-144 of .9. A metabolite ANAVEX19-144 characterized by the PXRD pattern shown in and/or the DSC-TGA data shown in .10. The metabolite ANAVEX19-144 of characterized by particle shapes as depicted in .11. The metabolite ANAVEX19-144 of claim 9 , characterized by particle sizes as depicted in .12. A method of making the metabolite ANAVEX19-144 of claim 9 , wherein the method uses a supercritical fluid (SCF) technique.13. A dosage form comprising a therapeutically neuroprotective amount of the metabolite ANAVEX19-144 of .14. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease comprising a ...

用于在不混溶流体之间进行扩散传递的方法与设备

在不混溶液体之间扩散传递诸如溶质之类的物质然后在不混合的情况下分离所说的液体的方法与设备：薄板的相反侧上具有第一和第二流路，它们用于传送第一和第二不混溶的流体，其中，薄板上开孔的高度不大于200微米，在各开孔内的流体之间会形成稳定的界面，在紧邻上述界面处有显著量的流体流。在上述界面的两端进行扩散传递，然后流体在不混合的情况下流离上述区域。所述流路按垂直于薄板测量时的宽度在10至500微米之间。各开孔的壁面可以是平行的或者是呈锥形的。

Method of particle formation

The invention provides a method for forming particles of a target substance, comprising (a) co-introducing into a particle formation vessel, under controlled temperature and pressure, a supercritical or near-critical anti-solvent fluid; a “target solution or suspension” of the target in a first vehicle; and a second vehicle which is soluble in the anti-solvent fluid; and (b) using the anti-solvent to disperse the target solution/suspension and the second vehicle, and to extract the vehicles, substantially simultaneously and substantially immediately on introduction of the fluids into the particle formation vessel, wherein the second vehicle is immiscible with the first, and wherein contact between the target solution/suspension and the second vehicle occurs a sufficiently short period of time before their dispersion by the anti-solvent, and with sufficient physical mixing, as to allow only insignificant, if any, phase separation to occur between the two vehicles between their contact with one another and their dispersion

Method and apparatus for the formation of particles

The invention provides a method for forming particles of a substance, by co-introducing into a particle formation vessel, in which the temperature and pressure are controlled, of a supercritical fluid; a solution or suspension of the substance in a first vehicle; and a second vehicle which is both substantially miscible with the first vehicle and substantially soluble in the supercritical fluid, in such a way that dispersion of the solution or suspension and the second vehicle, and extraction of the vehicles, occur substantially simultaneously and substantially immediately on introduction of the fluids into the vessel, by the action of the supercritical fluid. Preferably the solution/suspension of the substance is introduced separately from the second vehicle, in such a way that contact between the solution/suspension and the second vehicle occurs either substantially simultaneously with, or immediately before, their dispersion by the supercritical fluid and extraction of the vehicles by the supercritical fluid. The method allows a high degree of control over the size, shape, crystalline form and other physico-chemical properties of the particulate product. The invention also provides apparatus for carrying out such a method, using a coaxial nozzle to introduce the fluids into the particle formation vessel, and a particulate product made using the method or the apparatus.

Method of particle formation

The invention provides a method for forming particles of a target substance, comprising (a) co-introducing into a particle formation vessel, under controlled temperature and pressure, a supercritical or near-critical anti-solvent fluid; a “target solution or suspension” of the target in a first vehicle; and a second vehicle which is soluble in the anti-solvent fluid; and (b) using the anti-solvent to disperse the target solution/suspension and the second vehicle, and to extract the vehicles, substantially simultaneously and substantially immediately on introduction of the fluids into the particle formation vessel, wherein the second vehicle is immiscible with the first, and wherein contact between the target solution/suspension and the second vehicle occurs a sufficiently short period of time before their dispersion by the anti-solvent, and with sufficient physical mixing, as to allow only insignificant, if any, phase separation to occur between the two vehicles between their contact with one another and their dispersion.

Method of particle formation

The invention provides a method for forming particles of a target substance, comprising (a) co-introducing into a particle formation vessel, under controlled temperature and pressure, a supercritical or near-critical anti-solvent fluid; a first target substance in a first vehicle; and a second target substance in a second vehicle; and (b) using the anti-solvent to disperse the target substances in their respective vehicles and to extract the vehicles, substantially simultaneously and substantially immediately on introduction of the fluids into the particle formation vessel. The second vehicle is immiscible with the first, and contact between the first and second vehicles occurs a sufficiently short period of time before their dispersion by the anti-solvent, and with sufficient physical mixing, as to allow only insignificant, if any, phase separation to occur between the two vehicles between their contact with one another and their dispersion.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DIFFUSIVE TRANSFER BETWEEN IMMISCIBLE FLUIDS.

본 발명은 비혼화성 유체 사이의 용질과 같은 물질의 확산 전달 및 혼합 없이 액체의 후속 분리를 촉진시키기 위하여, 구멍(10)의 높이가 200μm 미만이고(시트의 폭 및 유체 흐름의 방향에 대해 수직으로 측정됨), 각각의 구멍내의 유체 사이의 경계면이 형성되고 경계면에 바로 인접한 위치에 다량의 유체 흐름가 있는, 소공성 시트(8)의 반대면상에 제1 및 제2비혼화성 유체를 운반시키는 제1 및 제2흐름 경로(1,2)를 갖는 장치 및 방법에 관한 것이다. 확산 전달은 경계면을 횡단하여 일어나고, 후속하여 유체는 혼합 없이 영역으로부터 유동한다. 시트(8)에 대해 수직으로 측정된 흐름 경로의 폭은 10 내지 500μm이다. 각각의 구멍의 벽은 평행하거나 점점 가늘어진 형태일 수 있다.

Heat and energy integrated continuous process for plastic waste recovery

Improvements relate to a heat and energy integrated method and apparatus for plastic waste recovery having supercritical liquefaction. A volume of plastic waste is processed to produce a plastic waste stream. A reaction unit is utilized for adsorbing the plastic with a solvent having at least water, plus heating and pressurizing the plastic waste stream with the solvent into a supercritical extraction state for converting the plastic waste stream into a mixture fluid stream of a supercritical nature within the reaction unit. The mixture fluid stream may be cycled proximate to the outlet from the reaction unit via periodically letting the pressure down, and then letting the pressure recover. A volume of inert solids are removed from the mixture fluid stream thereby creating a remaining combined gases and liquids fluid stream. Power is recovered from the remaining combined gases and liquids fluid stream. And, volumes of water, gas and oil are separated from the combined gases and liquids fluid stream.

Method and apparatus for the formation of particles

The invention provides a method for forming particles of a substance, by co-introducing into a particle formation vessel, in which the temperature and pressure are controlled, of a supercritical fluid; a solution or suspension of the substance in a first vehicle; and a second vehicle which is both substantially miscible with the first vehicle and substantially soluble in the supercritical fluid, in such a way that dispersion of the solution or suspension and the second vehicle, and extraction of the vehicles, occur substantially simultaneously and substantially immediately on introduction of the fluids into the vessel, by the action of the supercritical fluid. Preferably the solution/suspension of the substance is introduced separately from the second vehicle, in such a way that contact between the solution/suspension and the second vehicle occurs either substantially simultaneously with, or immediately before, their dispersion by the supercritical fluid and extraction of the vehicles by the supercritical fluid. The method allows a high degree of control over the size, shape, crystalline form and other physico-chemical properties of the particulate product The invention also provides apparatus for carrying out such a method, using a coaxial nozzle to introduce the fluids into the particle formation vessel, and a particulate product made using the method or the apparatus.

Process and apparatus for diffusion transfer between immiscible liquids

Recovery of perfluorinated polyether oils from grease matrices incorporating extraction aids by carbon dioxide extraction

본 발명은 퍼플루오로폴리에테르를 추출하기 위한 공정에 관한 것이다. 이 공정은 (a) 추출 대역에서 증점제, 추출 보조 재료 및 퍼플루오로폴리에테르를 포함하는 윤활 그리스와 액체 이산화탄소 또는 초임계 이산화탄소를 포함하는 용매를 접촉시켜 추출된 퍼플루오로폴리에테르를 포함하는 추출 용액을 형성하는 단계; 및 (b) 추출 용액으로부터 추출된 퍼플루오로폴리에테르를 회수하는 단계를 포함하고, 이때 회수된 추출된 퍼플루오로폴리에테르는 약 2 중량% 이하의 증점제를 포함한다. The present invention relates to a process for extracting perfluoropolyethers. The process comprises (a) an extraction comprising perfluoropolyether extracted by contacting a lubricating grease comprising a thickener, an extraction aid and perfluoropolyether with a solvent comprising liquid carbon dioxide or supercritical carbon dioxide in an extraction zone. forming a solution; and (b) recovering the extracted perfluoropolyether from the extraction solution, wherein the recovered extracted perfluoropolyether comprises up to about 2% by weight of a thickener.

Utilize supercritical water to the method for crude oil upgrading processing and desulfurization

本发明主要涉及一种利用超临界水对原油进行提质加工和脱硫的方法。总的来说，本发明提供了一种通过将原油流与超临界水混合，然后滤出由原油流和超临界水混合而得到的沉淀的固体化合物，从而从原油流中除去杂质的方法。

Removing the target tree

타겟트리 결합 분리(targetry coupled separation)는 미리 정해진 방사선 조사 생성물의 회수를 최적화하기 위하여 타겟(타겟 재료 및 재료의 물리적 구조의 선택을 포함함)과 분리 화학(separation chemistry)을 통해 미리 정해진 방사선 생성물의 생산을 향상시키는 것을 나타낸다. 본 개시 내용은, 타겟으로부터 하나 이상의 원하는 방사선 동위 원소를 (방사선 조사를 통해) 생성하는 시스템 및 방법을 설명하며, 타겟에 대한 손상 없이 동일한 타겟이 다수의 방사선 조사 및 분리 동작을 겪는 것을 허용하는 시스템 및 방법을 더 설명한다. 임의의 방사선 조사 생성물의 회수 전에 타겟의 완전한 용해 또는 파괴를 필요로 하는 종래 기술과 대조적으로, 타겟트리 결합 분리에 의해 가능하게 된 동일한 물리적 타겟의 반복된 재사용은 종래 기술에 비하여 효율에서의 상당한 증가와 비용에서의 감소를 나타낸다.

Method and device for the extraction of materials from liquids or solid dispersions

The invention relates to a method for the extraction of contained materials, in particular contaminants, from liquids or solid dispersions, by means of the use of compressed extraction agents, such as for example supercritical or liquid carbon dioxide, whereby the liquid or dispersion is introduced into a pressure-resistant vessel in the form of a thin film and the surface of the thin film treated with the extraction agent, in particular carbon dioxide. The surface of the thin film is continuously regenerated over at least a part of the layer thickness of the thin film as a result of the mechanical treatment of the liquid or dispersion.

Method and apparatus for diffusion transfer between immiscible fluids

Carbon dioxide recovery

Supercritical water hardening process for high quality coke production

원유 잔사유로부터 고품위 코크스를 생산하는 공정의 실시태양들은, 용매 추출 유닛에서, 원유 잔사유를 탈아스팔트 오일 (DAO)-함유 스트림 및 아스팔텐 함유-스트림으로 적어도 부분적으로 분리하는 단계, 가압, 가열 DAO-함유 스트림을 생성하는 단계, 초임계수 스트림과 가압, 가열 DAO-함유 스트림을 혼합하여 배합 피드 스트림을 생성하는 단계, 배합 피드 스트림을 초임계 온도 및 압력에서 작동되는 경질화 반응기 시스템에 도입하여 경질화 생성물 및 슬러리 혼합물을 포함하는 하나 이상의 경질화 반응기 출력 스트림을 획득하되, 슬러리 혼합물은 황 및 하나 이상의 추가 금속을 포함하는 단계를 포함한다. 공정은 또한 슬러리 혼합물을 700℃ 내지 1900℃의 온도에서 소성하여 고품위 코크스를 포함하는 생성물 스트림을 생산하는 단계를 포함한다.

Supercritical co2 carrot feedstock extraction

The present invention provides methods for producing carrot fiber product by contacting carrot feedstock with supercritical carbon dioxide.

Near-critical fluid fractionation process for extracting plant or animal material

A process for fractionating the constituents of a solution obtained by extracting plant or animal material with an aqueous-organic solvent where the aqueous-organic solvent is a mixture of water and a water-miscible organic solvent, generally including the steps of: (a) contacting the solution with a near-critical fluid to produce a raffinate phase containing high polarity constituents and water, and a near-critical fluid phase containing low to medium polarity constituents; (b) separating the near-critical fluid phase from the raffinate phase; and (c) recovering the low to medium polarity constituents from the near-critical fluid phase and the high polarity constituents from the raffinate phase.

Particle synthesis apparatus and method

An apparatus for dissolving or suspending a substance in a solvent comprising an outer chamber for containing a dense gas; an inlet for supplying dense gas as a solvent; a porous chamber within the outer chamber for containing a substance for dissolution or suspension with the solvent, the porous chamber having a wall which allows passage of solvent and the substance dissolved or suspended in the solvent, and an outlet for removing solvent and solution and/or dispersion from the outer chamber and a turbulence means for creating turbulence within the porous chamber. A method of dissolving or suspending a substance, and fine particles formed from the resulting solution or suspension are disclosed.

PROCESS FOR REFINING SQUALENE PRODUCED BY MICROALOGUES

L'invention se rapporte à un procédé de préparation d'une composition à haute richesse en squalène produit par fermentation de microorganismes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une étape de purification choisie dans le groupe constitué de l'extraction par CO2 supercritique sur colonne de fractionnement multiétagée fonctionnant à contre-courant avec reflux d'extrait, et de la distillation moléculaire dite de « court trajet ». The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a high squalene rich composition produced by fermentation of microorganisms, characterized in that it comprises a purification step chosen from the group consisting of supercritical CO2 extraction on a column. multi-stage fractionation operating against the current with reflux of extract, and molecular distillation called "short path".

Particle generation method and particle generation device

(57)【要約】 本発明は、物質の粒子を生成する方法に関し、この方法は、温度と圧力が制御された混合チャンバ（８）に、流体ガス（４）、および溶液または懸濁液内に少なくとも１種類の物質を含む少なくとも１つの媒体系（１）を導入するステップを有する。流体ガス（４）または媒体系（１）の少なくとも一方のフローに制御された乱雑を形成するために、流体ガス（４）と媒体系（１）の少なくとも一方に乱流を誘導し、混合チャンバ（８）内の粒子生成を制御し、制御された乱雑さは、少なくとも１つのフロー撹乱手段（１１）により形成される。また本発明は、少なくとも１つの供給部材（４，５）により供給される流体ガス（４）または媒体系（１）の少なくとも一方に乱流または限定的な乱雑さを誘導するために、流体ガス（４）または媒体系（１）の少なくとも一方と相互作用するために配置された少なくとも１つのフロー撹乱手段（１１）を含む混合チャンバに関する。

Carbon dioxide recovery

Chemical process

The invention relates to a process for the production of a nitrogen containing epihalohydrin polymer involving reaction of a nitrogen-containing precursor selected from the group consisting of amines, poly-amines, polyaminoamides, polyurethanes and mixtures thereof with epihalohydrin to form of a solution of said epihalohydrin polymer, the process comprising a purification step to remove organic impurities from the formed solution of the epihalohydrin polymer, said purification step comprising contacting the solution of the epihalohydrin polymer with a fluid under liquid, supercritical or near supercritical conditions to effect extraction of organic impurities from the solution of the epihalohydrin polymer to the fluid, withdrawing fluid enriched in organic impurities from the solution of the epihalohydrin polymer, and separating extracted impurities from the withdrawn fluid, wherein the fluid comprises a substance that at atmospheric pressure and room temperature (about 25~C) is gaseous. The invention also relates to a process for purifying a solution of a nitrogen containing epihalohydrin polymer.

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTINUOUSLY TRANSFERRING MATERIAL BETWEEN TWO FLUID PHASES

Procédé d'échange de matière en continu par mise en contact à contre-courant d'une première phase fluide et d'une seconde phase fluide non totalement miscibles, caractérisé en ce que la mise en contact est réalisée dans un seul appareil qui est un appareil de type appareil de Chromatographie de Partage Centrifuge (CPC) comprenant une pluralité de cellules, avec une phase stationnaire immobilisée dans chacune des cellules et une phase mobile traversant la phase stationnaire, et en ce que l'on effectue successivement les étapes a), b), et c) suivantes : a) Étape dans laquelle la phase mobile est constituée par la première phase fluide, et la phase stationnaire immobilisée dans les cellules est constituée par la seconde phase fluide; b) Étape dans laquelle la phase mobile est constituée par la seconde phase fluide, et la phase stationnaire immobilisée dans les cellules est constituée par la première phase fluide; c) Répétition de la succession des étapes a) et b) ; l'étape b) étant effectuée immédiatement après l'étape a) et l'étape c) étant effectuée immédiatement après l'étape b). Dispositif pour la mise en œuvre de ce procédé.

Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction industrializes equipment manufacturing device and production method

一种超临界二氧化碳流体萃取工业化装备制造装置及制作方法。萃取设备必须具有防腐功能，材料为不锈钢是唯一选择，其耐高压性能低，不适合制造大容量的压力容器，不锈钢来制造此类容器成为制约发展的瓶颈。本发明组成包括：钢管（1），钢管的上方和底部分别通过焊接与下法兰盘（4）、半圆封头（14）固定组成釜体，下法兰盘通过连接轴与上盖连接，下法兰盘与所述的上盖通过4个卡箍（5）固定，并且在下法兰盘与上盖之间装有唇形密封圈（9），上盖内壁具有不锈钢层（8），其顶部焊接有不锈钢套A（7），釜体内壁具有不锈钢层（11），釜体底部焊接有不锈钢套B（13），釜体外侧固定有围板（2）。本发明用于超临界二氧化碳流体萃取工业化装备。

Removal of hydrophobic particles using carbon dioxide

A plurality of collection surfaces for use in an aqueous slurry has a polymeric coating to provide a compliant and sticky surface. The polymer coating has a chemical to render the surface hydrophobic so as to attract hydrophobic or hydrophobized mineral particles in the slurry. The substrate can take the form of a conveyor belt, a bead, a mesh, an impeller, a filter or a flat surface. The substrate can also be an open-cell foam. The collection surfaces having the mineral particles attached thereon are caused to interact with liquid and supercritical carbon dioxide so that the mineral particles can be stripped from the collection surfaces.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING PARTICLES

Fluid extraction

A method for extracting metalloid and metal species from a solid or liquid material by exposing the material to a fluid solvent, particularly supercritical carbon dioxide, containing a chelating agent is described. The chelating agent forms chelates that are soluble in the fluid to allow removal of the species from the material. In preferred embodiments, the extraction solvent is supercritical carbon dioxide and the chelating agent comprises a trialkyl phosphate, a trialkyl phosphate, an alkyl-aryl phosphate, a trialkylphosphine oxide, a triarylphosphine oxide, an alkyl-arylphosphine oxide, and mixtures thereof. The method provides an environmentally benign process for removing contaminants from industrial waste. The method is particularly useful for extracting actinides from acidic solutions, and the process can be aided by the addition of salts, such as nitrate salts, and modifiers, such as water and the lower alkyl alcohols and esters. The chelate and supercritical fluid can be regenerated, and the contaminant species recovered, to provide an economic, efficient process.

Process for carbon dioxide recovery from a process tool

A system for removing and purifying a carbon dioxide-containing stream from a batch process tool is provided. A multi-phase contaminated stream containing at least carbon dioxide and one or more co-solvent is removed from a process tool and conveyed to at least one intermediate pressure separator. The contaminant-containing stream is separated into an intermediate pressure carbon dioxide-enriched vapor stream and an intermediate pressure solvent and contaminant-enriched stream in the intermediate pressure separator.

Fluid-based extractor

An extraction apparatus comprises an extraction vessel configured to remove an extracted material from a source material in contact with a process fluid to inform a mixture. The apparatus further comprises a separation chamber and a process flu id circulation conduit, the conduit comprising a separation portion configured to receive the mixture and permit a portion of the extracted material to separate from the mixture within the separation chamber. The apparatus further comprises a temperature regulator configured to permit re-circulation of a temperature regulation fluid and regulate the temperature of the process fluid.

Extract recovery method and analysis method

A specimen is stored in a container (125) disposed upstream of a back pressure control valve (140). A mixed fluid comprising carbon dioxide in a supercritical state and a modifier is introduced into the container, and a component contained in the sample is extracted. The extracted component is introduced into a trap column (135) together with the carbon dioxide and the modifier and is collected by the trap column. The trap column is loaded with polymer beads as a filler.

Supercritical water upgrading method for producing high grade coke

Process and plant for separating heavy and light compounds by extraction with a supercritical fluid and by nanofiltration

L'invention concerne un procédé et une installation de séparation de composés lourds et légers, par extraction par un fluide supercritique et nanofiltration. Selon ce procédé, on met en contact une phase solide ou liquide contenant les composés à séparer avec un fluide supercritique dans l'extracteur (1), puis on soumet le fluide supercritique chargé de composés sortant de l'extracteur (1) à une nanofiltration dans le dispositif (3) pour récupérer un courant de perméat contenant les composés légers séparés (en 51) et un courant de rétentat contenant des composés lourds (en 57). La phase de départ peut être du beurre ou une huile de poisson en vue de fractionner les corps gras.

A method of separating rhamnolipids from a fermentation broth

A method of extracting at least one rhamnolipid compound from a rhamnolipid fermentation mixture, the method comprising the steps of: (a) admixing an inert adsorbing support with a rhamnolipid fermentation mixture; (b) dissolving the mixture in an organic solvent at a temperature higher than 31 °C and at a pressure higher than 73 bars; (c) separating at least one fatty compound; (d) adding a co-solvent to said organic solvent; (e) modifying temperature and/or pressure; (f) separating a first rhamnolipid compound; and (g) separating a second rhamnolipid compound.

Method for resolving optical isomers using supercritical fluid extraction techniques

本发明提供了一种通过超临界流体萃取技术从外消旋体中拆分光学异构体的方法。具体地，本发明将超临界流体萃取技术应用于酶拆分工艺中，主要应用于酶拆分后产物的分离。以D‑泛解酸内酯制备工艺为例，关键点在于通过超临界流体萃取方法从酶拆分液中分离D‑泛解酸和L‑泛解酸内酯，取代了现有的有机溶剂提取方法，工艺方法简单易行，D‑泛解酸收率高，纯度好，大大减少了有机溶剂的使用量，降低了生产成本，环境友好，可以很大程度地改善工人的工作环境，提高运行安全指数。本发明所提供的方法在酶拆分分离工艺中有很大的应用潜力。

Closed environmental compartment to accommodate humans

Targetry coupled separations

Recovery of perfluorinated polyether oil from grease substrates containing extraction aids by carbon dioxide extraction

Process and plant for separation of light and heavy components by extrusion with a supercritical fluid and by nanofiltration

Cracking treatment method and system for crude oil

本发明涉及一种原油的裂解处理方法与系统，所述方法如下：将原油送入裂解炉的对流段第一管组进行预热，再汽化处理，得到第一气相和第一液相；将第一液相进行超临界抽提处理，得到抽提油、沉降油和沥青；将第一气相、抽提油分别与水蒸气混合后送入裂解炉的对流段第二管组，加热后送入裂解炉的辐射段进行裂解处理得到裂解产物，所述裂解产物经分离得到低碳烯烃。本发明中原油经过裂解炉预热、汽化处理后，所得气相进入裂解炉，所得液相经超临界抽提单元后分离出抽提油进入裂解炉，该方法能够有效提高原油的裂解效率，提高产品中低碳烯烃的收率，延长运行周期，减少气化原油混合物在裂解过程中发生结焦的现象。

Method for recovering carboxylic acids from dilute aqueous streams

在此披露了通过用加压液化的丙烯和/或丙烷进行液-液抽提来改进从水性流中分离低级羧酸，其中，羧酸从水相中被转移到液体溶剂相(抽提物)中。

Separation processes using expulsion from dilute supercritical solutions

A process for separating isotopes as well as other mixtures by utilizing the behavior of dilute repulsive or weakly attractive elements of the mixtures as the critical point of the solvent is approached.

Lipid extraction from suspensions

Procedimiento para la extracción de lípidos a partir de suspensiones acuosas de biomasa, especialmente de suspensiones de algas abiertas, utilizando disolventes no miscibles con agua, caracterizado porque la suspensión con una proporción de biomasa de hasta 50% se introduce a presión de forma continua en un extractor de capa fina resistente a la presión, se forma una fina película de la suspensión en la camisa cilíndrica interior del extractor, la fina película se pone en contacto con el disolvente, el cual en el extractor de capa fina se presenta en estado líquido o supercrítico, la fina película con ayuda de un rotor dispuesto en el extractor se aplica mecánicamente, por lo que la fina película de la suspensión se renueva continuamente por la aplicación mecánica sobre al menos una parte del grosor de la capa de fina película, la suspensión en el intersticio de forma anular entre la camisa interior del extractor y el perímetro exterior del rotor se comprime hacia abajo y el disolvente cargado con los lípidos extraídos se evacúa del extractor, a continuación de lo cual el disolvente, de forma isobara por intercambio de fases o por descompresión, se recupera a partir de la solución de disolvente y lípidos, y los lípidos extraídos se separan. Procedure for the extraction of lipids from aqueous biomass suspensions, especially from open seaweed suspensions, using solvents not miscible with water, characterized in that the suspension with a biomass proportion of up to 50% is continuously introduced under pressure in a pressure resistant thin layer extractor, a thin film of the suspension is formed in the inner cylindrical jacket of the extractor, the thin film is contacted with the solvent, which in the thin layer extractor is presented in a liquid state or Supercritical, the thin film with the help of a rotor arranged in the extractor is applied mechanically, so that the thin film of the suspension is continually renewed by mechanical application on at least a part of ...

Method and device for forming particles

The present invention relates to a method for forming particles of a substance, comprising the step of introducing into a mixing chamber (8), in which the temperature and pressure are controlled, a fluid gas (4) and at least one vehicle system (1) comprising at least one substance in solution or suspension such that droplet formation and extraction of the vehicle occur substantially simultaneously by the action of the fluid gas (4). Turbulence is induced in at least one of said fluid gas (4) and said vehicle system (1) so as to create a controlled disorder in the flow of the at least one of the fluid gas (4) or the vehicle system (1) in order to control the particle formation in said mixing chamber (8), said controlled disorder being created by at least one flow perturbation means (11). The invention also relates to a mixing chamber having at least one flow perturbation means (11) that is disposed for interacting with at least one of a fluid gas (4) or vehicle system (1) supplied by the at least one supply member (4, 5) so as to induce turbulence or limited disorder in the at least one of the fluid gas (4) or vehicle system (1).

A method of high-purity grafted olefin polymers are prepared using supercritical technology

本发明涉及接枝烯烃聚合物的制备方法，公开了一种利用超临界技术制备高纯度接枝烯烃聚合物的方法。该方法包含以下步骤：1）将普通接枝烯烃聚合物产品置于鼓风干燥器中，在流化的条件下干燥，得粗产品；2）将粗产品置于带有内部气体循环装置的超临界CO 2 萃取釜中，注入CO 2 ，加压至超临界状态，密封加热，萃取；3）卸去CO 2 压力，卸压时间1‑5s；4）将步骤3）中所得产品置于真空烘箱中干燥后，利用挤出机造粒，即可得高纯度接枝烯烃聚合物。该制备方法工艺流程简单，绿色环保，所得高纯度接枝烯烃聚合物VOC含量极低，无刺激性气味和黑、黄点，能够广泛应用于食品和医药包装等高卫生标准领域。

A METHOD FOR SEPARATING COMPOUNDS FROM A FERMENTATION BRASS

Un método para extraer al menos un compuesto ramnolípido de una mezcla de fermentación de ramnolípidos; en donde el método comprende los siguientes pasos: (a) mezclar un soporte de adsorción inerte con una mezcla de fermentación de ramnolípidos; (b) disolver la mezcla en un solvente orgánico a una temperatura superior a 31ºC y a una presión superior a 73 bares; (c) separar al menos un compuesto graso; (d) agregar un cosolvente a dicho solvente orgánico; (e) modificar la temperatura y/o la presión; (f) separar un primer compuesto ramnolípido; y (g) separar un segundo compuesto ramnolípido. A method for extracting at least one ramnolipid compound from a fermentation mixture of ramnolipids; wherein the method comprises the following steps: (a) mixing an inert adsorption support with a ramnolipid fermentation mixture; (b) dissolve the mixture in an organic solvent at a temperature greater than 31 ° C and at a pressure greater than 73 bar; (c) separating at least one fatty compound; (d) adding a cosolvent to said organic solvent; (e) modify the temperature and / or pressure; (f) separating a first ramnolipid compound; and (g) separating a second ramnolipid compound.

Method and system for directly cracking crude oil to prepare olefin

The present invention relates to a method and system for cracking crude oil. The method comprises: delivering the crude oil to a first tube group of a convection section of a cracking furnace for preheating and then performing vaporization to obtain a first gas phase and a first liquid phase; performing high-pressure extraction on the first liquid phase to obtain a non-asphalt oil and an asphalt; and mixing the first gas phase and the non-asphalt oil with water vapor respectively, or mixing the first gas phase with the non-asphalt oil prior to mixing with water vapor, then delivering the same to a second tube group of the convection section of the cracking furnace for heating, followed by delivering same to a radiation section of the cracking furnace for cracking to obtain a cracked product, and separating the cracked product to obtain low-carbon olefins. In the present invention, after the crude oil is preheated in a cracking furnace and vaporized, the obtained gas phase is passed into the cracking furnace, and the obtained liquid phase is passed through a supercritical extraction unit to separate an extract oil, which is then passed into the cracking furnace The method can effectively improve cracking efficiency of the crude oil, improve the yield of low-carbon olefins in the product, extend the operating cycle, and reduce coking of a gasified crude oil mixture in a cracking process.

Methods and apparatus for particle formation

The invention provides a method for forming particles of a target substance (26), involving: (a) preparing a solution or suspension of the substance in a vehicle (21) which is or includes either a near-critical fluid (21) or a first supercritical fluid; (b) introducing the solution or suspension into a particle formation vessel (32); and (c) contacting the solution or suspension, in the particle formation vessel, with a second supercritical fluid, under conditions which allow the second supercritical fluid to cause precipitation of particles of the target substance from the solution or suspension; wherein the second supercritical fluid is miscible or substantially miscible with the vehicle and is a fluid in which the target substance is insoluble or substantially insoluble. Also provided is apparatus for use in carrying out an embodiment of the method, including a particle formation vessel and means for controlling the temperature and pressure inside it; a fluid mixing vessel and means for controlling the temperature and pressure inside it; first fluid inlet means for introducing into the fluid mixing vessel a vehicle and a solution of a target substance in a primary solvent, so as to form in the fluid mixing vessel a solution of the substance and the primary solvent in the vehicle; and second fluid inlet means for introducing the solution thus formed, preferably together with a second supercritical fluid, into the particle formation vessel. The invention also provides a particulate product formed using the method.

Methods for extracting and isolating constituents of cellulosic material

A method for extracting and isolating constituents of cellulosic matter, comprising providing cellulosic matter; contacting the cellulosic matter with a supercritical fluid; separating the supercritical fluid from the cellulosic matter, thereby forming an extract and a raffinate; and separating at least one compound present in the extraction medium by distillation.

Method and apparatus for diffusive transfer between immiscible fluids