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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
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Применить Всего найдено 8876. Отображено 100.
15-03-2012 дата публикации

Membrane cleaning with pulsed airlift pump

Номер: US20120061333A1
Принадлежит: Siemens Industry Inc

A method of cleaning a membrane surface immersed in a liquid medium with a fluid flow, including the steps of providing a randomly generated intermittent or pulsed fluid flow along the membrane surface to dislodge fouling materials therefrom. A membrane module is also disclosed comprising a plurality of porous membranes ( 6 ) or a set of membrane modules ( 5 ) and a device ( 11 ) for providing a generally randomly generated, pulsed fluid flow such that, in use, said fluid flow moves past the surfaces of said membranes ( 6 ) to dislodge fouling materials therefrom.

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10-05-2012 дата публикации

Filtration purpose flat-membrane element, flat-membrane-type separation membrane module, and filtration apparatus

Номер: US20120111784A1
Принадлежит: SUMITOMO ELECTRIC FINE POLYMER INC

A flat-membrane element is rendered likely to vibrate by air bubbling from an aeration tube. The element has a sheet-shaped filtering membrane that has oppositely positioned portions placed with a space between them being provided as a flowing path for a treated liquid, a supporter that is placed between the oppositely positioned portions of the filtering membrane to secure the space as a flowing path for a treated liquid, and a periphery-sealing portion that seals the peripheral edges of the oppositely positioned portions of the filtering membrane with a treated-liquid outlet being provided. The filtering membrane and supporter are formed of flexible material and the periphery-sealing portion has flexibility, thereby rendering the entire element flexible. The flat-membrane element has a total thickness of 6 to 1 mm.

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10-05-2012 дата публикации

Surface Deposition of Small Molecules to Increase Water Purification Membrane Fouling Resistance

Номер: US20120111791A1
Принадлежит: University of Texas System

The present invention includes methods and compositions for liquid separation and water purification. The present invention includes a purification membrane having a polymer matrix purification membrane that has been treated with hydroquinone, catechol, and/or dopamine coated membrane with a high water flux.

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17-05-2012 дата публикации

Water treatment apparatus and water treatment method

Номер: US20120118824A1
Принадлежит: Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd

There is provided a water treatment apparatus, including: first membrane filtration means in which a filtration membrane having an average pore diameter of 1 μm or more is used; second membrane filtration means for treating water filtered by the first membrane filtration means, by using a microfiltration membrane or ultrafiltration membrane; and reverse osmosis membrane filtration means for treating water filtered by the second membrane filtration means. In particular, there is provided a water treatment apparatus, wherein a hydrophobic polymer membrane that is not subjected to hydrophilicizing processing is used as the filtration membrane having an average pore diameter of 1 μm or more. There is also provided a water treatment method that can be implemented by these water treatment apparatuses.

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07-06-2012 дата публикации

Use of electromagnetic pulses in cross-flow filtration systems

Номер: US20120138517A1
Автор: David W. Alley
Принадлежит: CLEARWATER SYSTEMS Corp

A cross-flow filtration system includes a first filter element having a first conduit for receiving a flow of a first aqueous feed stream, a second conduit operable to discharge a flow of first permeate water and a third conduit operable to discharge a flow of first retentate water. The cross-flow filtration system includes a coil assembly disposed about the first conduit. The first coil assembly is operable to subject the first aqueous feed stream to electromagnetic pulses. A second filter element is in fluid communication with the first filter element via the third conduit. The second filter element is operable to receive the first retentate water via the third conduit. A second coil assembly is disposed about the third conduit and is operable to subject the first retentate water to electromagnet pulses.

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26-07-2012 дата публикации

Methods of cleaning membrane modules

Номер: US20120187044A1
Принадлежит: Siemens Industry Inc

A method and apparatus for backwashing a membrane filtration system wherein permeate remaining present in the filtration system wherein permeate remaining present in the filtration system when the filtration process is stopped or suspended is used to provide liquid for backwashing the membrane pores during a backwashing process.

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26-07-2012 дата публикации

Systems and methods for scouring membrane bioreactors

Номер: US20120187048A1
Автор: Boyd Gregg, Ted Jenkins
Принадлежит: ENVIRO MIX LLC

A system and method for scouring membranes in a membrane bioreactor system are disclosed. The system employs scouring devices and controls by which pressurized air creates bursts of bubbles that act to scour the membranes of fouling.

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23-08-2012 дата публикации

Slurry Concentration System and Method

Номер: US20120211418A1

A system and method for concentrating a slurry is disclosed. A preferred embodiment comprises a filter that is used to filter a slurry into a concentrate and a permeate. A portion of the permeate is used in a backflow operation of the filter once a pressure differential of 0.8 bar is obtained from the filter inlet to the permeate outlet of the filter.

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25-10-2012 дата публикации

Osmotic separation systems and methods

Номер: US20120267306A1
Принадлежит: Oasys Water Inc

Separation processes using engineered osmosis are disclosed generally involving the extraction of solvent from a first solution to concentrate solute by using a second concentrated solution to draw the solvent from the first solution across a semi-permeable membrane. Enhanced efficiency may result from using low grade waste heat from industrial or commercial sources.

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25-10-2012 дата публикации

Osmotic separation systems and methods

Номер: US20120267307A1
Автор: Robert L. Mcginnis
Принадлежит: Individual

Separation processes using osmotically driven membrane systems are disclosed generally involving the extraction of solvent from a first solution to concentrate solute by using a second concentrated solution to draw the solvent from the first solution across a semi-permeable membrane. Enhanced efficiency may result from using low grade waste heat from industrial or commercial sources. Pre-treatment and post-treatment may also enhance the osmotically driven membrane processes.

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20-12-2012 дата публикации

Oxygen separation membrane

Номер: US20120318145A1
Принадлежит: KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS ELECTRONICS NV

The invention relates to membranes, in particular oxygen separation membranes, which enable improved gas separation conditions with respect to cost, price, size, weight, and noise. The membrane, in particular oxygen separation membrane, according to the invention comprises a support layer ( 28 ) and a separation layer ( 30 ), wherein the separation layer ( 30 ) is permeable for oxygen and has a sorptive affinity for at least one other gas, in particular for nitrogen, wherein the membrane ( 20 ) is designed such that substantially only the separation layer ( 30 ) is heatable by a heating device.

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20-12-2012 дата публикации

Spiral-type filtration module, and liquid treatment method and device employing the same

Номер: US20120318736A1
Автор: Kenichi Saito, Toshio Sano
Принадлежит: Yuasa Membrane Systems Co Ltd

The present invention provides a spiral-type filtration module including a liquid collection tube, and one or more units each including a first filtration membrane, a permeated-liquid flow-path member, a second filtration membrane, and a raw-liquid flow-path member, which are laminated on each other, wherein the one or more units are wound around the liquid collection tube to form a spiral-type membrane element, and the spiral-type membrane element is housed in a substantially-cylindrical outer container. In the permeated-liquid flow-path member, there are formed partition members for inhibiting a permeated liquid from flowing in a module axial direction.

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27-12-2012 дата публикации

Combined acoustic micro filtration and phononic crystal membrane particle separation

Номер: US20120325747A1
Принадлежит: Flodesign Sonics Inc

A system is provided that includes one or more acoustic microfilters through which is flowed a mixture of a fluid and a particulate to selectively filter particles from the fluid. Also included are one or more phononic crystal units coupled to the acoustic microfilter(s) to further selectively filter particles from the fluid. Related apparatus, systems, techniques and articles are also described.

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27-12-2012 дата публикации

Antimicrobial water treatment membranes and production thereof

Номер: US20120325748A1
Принадлежит: BAR ILAN UNIVERSITY

The present invention discloses antimicrobial water treatment membranes, comprising a water treatment membrane, covalently attached to one or more antimicrobial peptides or derivatives thereof, either directly or via one or more tether molecules. There are also provided a process for preparing these antimicrobial membranes, and uses thereof in water treatment applications.

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24-01-2013 дата публикации

Device for treatment of waste liquid

Номер: US20130020245A1
Принадлежит: Korea Hydro and Nuclear Power Co Ltd

A waste liquid treatment apparatus with enhanced treatment capacity for a pre-treatment facility of a liquid radwaste treatment system for a nuclear power plant. The waste liquid treatment apparatus includes: a water tank into which a waste liquid is introduced and from which filtered permeated water is discharged; a waste liquid introduction section through which waste liquid is introduced into the water tank; submerged membranes annularly disposed and spaced apart from each other for filtering foreign substances from the waste liquid; a permeated water suctioning section suctioning the filtered water of the waste liquid and discharging the filtered water outside the water tank; an air supplying section supplying compressed air to the submerged membranes to remove foreign substances; and a porous support plate supporting the submerged membranes.

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31-01-2013 дата публикации

Spiral wound element and seal assembly

Номер: US20130026090A1
Принадлежит: Dow Global Technologies LLC

A spiral wound element and a seal assembly comprising: a ring-shaped seal disposed about a portion of an outer periphery of the element, a secondary pathway and a valve that selectively permits fluid flow through the secondary pathway.

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23-05-2013 дата публикации

Water Treatment Apparatus, System and Process

Номер: US20130126433A1
Автор: Kyle Anthony Wolff
Принадлежит: HYDRASYST PTY LTD

Water treatment apparatus, including: a ceramic filter; and a flow apparatus operable to pass water through the ceramic filter in a forward direction so as to filter the water, the flow apparatus also operable to pass water through the ceramic filter in a reverse direction so as to remove material from the ceramic filter, whereby material having been deposited by filtration of the water is removed.

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13-06-2013 дата публикации

Membrane with localized asymmetries

Номер: US20130146539A1
Принадлежит: Pall Corp

Membranes with localized asymmetries, devices including the membranes, and methods of making and using the membranes, are disclosed.

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13-06-2013 дата публикации

Immersed screen and method of operation

Номер: US20130146548A1
Принадлежит: General Electric Co

A static screen has a plurality of screening bodies and a plurality of aeration devices downstream of the screening bodies. Each aeration device is associated with a set of one or more of the screening bodies. Each aeration device may be a pulsing aerator. The pulsing aerators do not all release air at the same time. Each screening body works through periods of dead end filtration separated by backwashing events. The backwashing events comprise introducing a slug or pulse of air into the bottom of the screening body. Flow through the static screen continues at all times because the screening bodies are not all backwashed at the same time. The static screen may be used to remove trash from water flowing to an immersed membrane unit. Alternatively, the static screen may be used to provide primary wastewater treatment.

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03-10-2013 дата публикации

Membrane suitable for blood filtration

Номер: US20130256230A1
Принадлежит: DSM IP ASSETS BV

The invention relates to a membrane construction comprising multiple layers wherein at least one of the layers is a nanoweb made of polymeric nanofibers, wherein the mean flow pore size of the nanoweb is in the range from 50 nm to 5 μm, wherein the number average diameter of the nanofibers is in the range from 100 to 600 nm, wherein the basis weight of the nanoweb is in the range from 1 to 20 g/m 2 , wherein the porosity of the nanoweb is in the range from 60 to 95%, wherein at least one of the layers is a support layer and wherein the nanoweb is hydrophilic.

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17-10-2013 дата публикации

Multimodal dialysis system

Номер: US20130274642A1
Принадлежит: MEDTRONIC INC

A dialysis device for operation in multiple modes and for maintaining a known gradient of potassium ion or other electrolyte between the blood of a patient and a dialysate fluid is described. The dialysis device is capable of being used for hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, and the dialysis device is capable of operation with a dialysate purification unit outside of a clinical setting or with a supply of water that can be supplied in a clinical setting. The dialysis device has a composition sensor containing a potassium-sensitive electrode for measuring a potassium ion concentration in one or more of the patient's blood and the dialysate fluid and an infusate pump operated to adjust a potassium ion concentration in the dialysate fluid based at least in part on data from the composition sensor.

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05-12-2013 дата публикации

Method and Apparatus of Flush Pump Feature for Portable Liquid Purifying Filter

Номер: US20130319084A1
Принадлежит: Nephros Inc

A flush pump feature on a liquid purifying filter includes a segment of flexible tubing containing a small bulb pump is described. Two check valves are positioned upstream and downstream of the bulb pump which then terminates with a simple manually operated open/closed valve. The addition of this flush pump feature enables the filter unit to be easily purged of air at first use and also will make the filter easier to clean and maintain without the need to remove it from a hydration carrier. In addition, the flush bulb feature can also be used to perform a simple visual integrity test of filter while out in a remote location and also can be used to effectively remove bulk water from the filter for lighter storage when not in use which also minimizes freeze related damage when used in a cold environment.

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09-01-2014 дата публикации

Filtration filter and production method therefor

Номер: US20140008290A1
Принадлежит: Tokyo Electron Ltd

Provided is a filtration filer with which a stable opening size during filtration is obtained, and which can be easily regenerated when clogged and used repeatedly. The filtration filter ( 10 ) comprises: a substrate stack wherein substrates ( 11 ) that have a through hole that penetrates from front to back are stacked; stoppers ( 15 ) that define the spacing between the substrates ( 11 ); and pillars ( 16 ) with a larger thermal expansion coefficient than the stoppers ( 15 ). The spacing between the substrates ( 11 ) at normal temperature is defined at least by the stoppers ( 15 ), and the spacing when heated is defined by the thermally expanded pillars ( 16 ). The gaps between the substrates ( 11 ) form the filtration surface that traps contaminants contained in the liquid that is being treated A.

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16-01-2014 дата публикации

Oscillatory crossflow membrane separation

Номер: US20140014578A1
Принадлежит: Rockwater Resource LLC

Oscillatory crossflow membrane separation apparatus and methods are disclosed for effluent treatment. The apparatus include a membrane module with a housing containing a membrane element, said module having an input for receiving effluent for treatment and a treated effluent output. A crossflow pump is connected for moving oscillating fluid through the membrane module and a feed pressure pump is connected with the membrane module for applying membrane operating pressure. A fluid oscillator is active with either pump for pulsating fluid received thereat.

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03-04-2014 дата публикации

Autonomous Filter Element

Номер: US20140091020A1
Принадлежит: EMD Millipore Corp

An autonomous filter device and a method for improving the filter life and performance is disclosed. The filter element is equipped with one or more sensors, adapted to measure one or more characteristics. In response to the measured characteristic, the control logic within the filter element is able to determine an appropriate response. For example, the control logic may determine that a sudden, but temporary, blockage has occurred in the filter membrane. In response, the control logic may initiate a specific response designed to alleviate the blockage. The control logic will then determine the success of the response, based monitoring any change in the fluid characteristics. Based thereon, the control logic may alert the operator that the filter element must be replaced. Alternatively, if the response was successful in correcting the blockage, the control logic need not notify the operator, as the filter element is back to normal operating operation.

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07-01-2021 дата публикации

METHODS, SYSTEMS, AND COMPOSITIONS FOR DELIVERY OF NANOBUBBLES IN WATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS

Номер: US20210001273A1
Принадлежит:

Methods, systems, and devices for water treatment or for preventing fouling of components of water treatment systems can include the upstream introduction of nanobubbles in-line and/or in close proximity to a reverse osmosis membrane in the water treatment system. The nanobubbles can bind to and cluster (flocculate) nanoparticles (and possible larger solid particles) so that they can be removed and not foul water purification components such as reverse osmosis membranes. The nanobubbles can also interact with and change some characteristics of nanoparticles and thereby reduce fouling of some system components, such as reverse osmosis membranes, or other components. The systems, methods, and devices disclosed herein can help produce potable water safe for human consumption in a more cost-effective manner, e.g., by reducing maintenance costs and in some cases manufacturing costs. 160-. (canceled)61. A method for treating raw water containing suspended particles including suspended nanoparticles by way of introduction of nanobubbles for interacting with the suspended nanoparticles , the method comprising:collecting raw water in a reservoir, the water including suspended nanoparticles of calcium carbonate and other contaminates;filtering an amount of the other contaminates out of the water, thereby generating filtered water containing nanoparticles of calcium carbonate;detecting a concentration of the nanoparticles of calcium carbonate in the filtered water;mixing nanobubbles into the filtered water so as to raise a concentration of nanobubbles in the filtered water to a concentration at least as high as the concentration of the nanoparticles of calcium carbonate in the filtered water, thereby creating a mixture of filtered water and nanobubbles;pumping the mixture of filtered water and nanobubbles to a reverse osmosis membrane device having a membrane with pores having a size from 0.01 to 0.05 nanometers, wherein the mixture of filtered water and nanobubbles do not ...

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07-01-2021 дата публикации

COMPOSITE SEMIPERMEABLE MEMBRANE AND COMPOSITE SEMIPERMEABLE MEMBRANE ELEMENT

Номер: US20210001282A1
Принадлежит: Toray Industries, Inc.

By having a coating layer, this composite semipermeable membrane has fouling resistance easily maintainable before and after contact with acid, and enables stable operation over a long period of time. This composite semipermeable membrane comprises a porous support layer, a separation function layer arranged on the porous support layer, and a coating layer arranged on the separation function layer, wherein the separation function layer contains a crosslinked aromatic polyamide which is a polycondensate of polyfunctional aromatic amines and polyfunctional aromatic acid chloride, and the coating layer contains an aliphatic polymer having the structure (I) in the description. 2. The composite semipermeable membrane according to claim 1 ,wherein an amide bond is formed between the aliphatic polymer and the crosslinked aromatic polyamide.3. The composite semipermeable membrane according to claim 1 ,wherein a terminal of the aliphatic polymer is a carboxy group.4. The composite semipermeable membrane according to claim 1 , which satisfies the following conditions (A) claim 1 , (B) claim 1 , (C) claim 1 , and (D):{'sup': −1', '−, '(A) intensity of a maximum peak between 3700 cmand 2900 cmis 0.08 or more in a difference spectrum of an infrared absorption (IR) spectrum measured under conditions of 25° C. and a relative humidity of 97% and an IR spectrum measured under conditions of 25° C. and a relative humidity of 3%;'}{'sup': −1', '−1', '−1', '−1, '(B) a peak top wave number of the difference spectrum between 3700 cmand 2900 cmis 3400 cmor more and 3550 cmor less;'}(C) a peak of C1s has one or more maximum values within a range of 290 eV or more and 295 eV or less in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurement performed by irradiating a coating layer side of the composite semipermeable membrane with X-rays; and(D) the following formula (1): a+b≥10×(c+d+e) (1) is satisfied, in which a, b, c, d, e are respectively count numbers in the cases of m/z of positive secondary ions ...

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04-01-2018 дата публикации

Integrated Reverse Osmosis Module with Energy Recovery for Desalination

Номер: US20180001264A1
Автор: Law Wing-Keung, Song Jie
Принадлежит:

A system includes a first fluid inlet and a single reverse osmosis membrane module having a permeate outlet and a first inlet/outlet channel and a second fluid inlet/outlet channel in fluid communication with the first fluid inlet. An energy transfer system has a second fluid inlet, a brine outlet, a first energy exchanging module and a second energy exchanging module. The first and second energy exchanging modules are adapted to reversibly operate in opposite flow phases where a flow direction for the expulsion flow phase in each energy exchanging module is constant and where a flow direction for the energy recover flow phase in each energy exchanging module is constant. The single reverse osmosis membrane module is adapted to reversibly receive a feed flow through one of the first and second fluid inlet/outlet channels and produce a brine outflow through the other of the first and second inlet/outlet channels. 114-. (canceled)15. A system comprising:a first fluid inlet;a single reverse osmosis membrane module having a permeate outlet and a first inlet/outlet channel and a second fluid inlet/outlet channel in fluid communication with the first fluid inlet; andan energy transfer system having a second fluid inlet, a brine outlet, a first energy exchanging module and a second energy exchanging module, the first and second energy exchanging modules each in fluid communication with the second fluid inlet and the brine outlet in an expulsion flow phase and in fluid communication with the first and second fluid inlet/outlet channels of the single reverse osmosis membrane module in an energy recovery flow phase;wherein the first and second energy exchanging modules are adapted to reversibly operate in opposite flow phases where a flow direction for the expulsion flow phase in each energy exchanging module is constant and where a flow direction for the energy recover flow phase in each energy exchanging module is constant; andwherein the single reverse osmosis membrane ...

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05-01-2017 дата публикации

ANTIFOULING AND ANTIMICROBIAL COATINGS FOR THIN FILM COMPOSITE MEMBRANES

Номер: US20170001151A1
Принадлежит:

A coated, thin-film composite membrane includes a porous support and a polyamide barrier layer in contact with the porous support. A fouling-resistant and antimicrobial layer of star polymers is in contact with the polyamide barrier layer. The star polymers included hydrophilic arms of about 40 mol % to about 80 mol % of neutral hydrophilic moieties, and about 60 mol % to about 20 mol % of antimicrobial functional groups. 1. A coated , thin-film composite membrane , comprising:a porous support;a polyamide barrier layer in contact with the porous support; anda fouling-resistant and antimicrobial layer of star polymers in contact with the polyamide barrier layer, wherein the star polymers comprise hydrophilic arms, the hydrophilic arms comprising:(i) about 40 mol % to about 80 mol % of neutral hydrophilic moieties, and(ii) about 60 mol % to about 20 mol % of antimicrobial functional groups.2. The membrane of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophilic arms of the star polymers comprise:(i) about 45 mol % to about 73 mol % of polyethylene glycol moieties, and(ii) about 55 mol % to about 27 mol % of at least one of amine-functionalized moieties and ammonium moieties.3. The membrane of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophilic arms of the star polymers comprise (i) polyethylene glycol (meth)acrylates and (ii) amino-functional (meth)acrylates.4. The membrane of claim 3 , wherein the hydrophilic arms of the star polymers comprise: (i) polyethylene glycol methacrylate (PEGMA) and (ii) dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA).5. The membrane of claim 1 , wherein the star polymers comprise a hydrophobic core.6. The membrane of claim 5 , wherein the hydrophobic core comprises polystyrene.7. The membrane of claim 1 , wherein the porous support comprises polysulfone (PSF).8. The membrane of claim 1 , wherein the fouling-resistant and antimicrobial layer of star polymers comprises a single layer of star polymers.9. The membrane of claim 8 , wherein the single layer is self-assembled.10. A method ...

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02-01-2020 дата публикации

MEMBRANE SEPARATION DEVICE AND MEMBRANE SEPARATION METHOD

Номер: US20200001240A1
Принадлежит: Mitsubishi Electric Corporation

This membrane separation device includes: an organic substance concentration measurement means which measures the organic substance concentration in the treatment target water; a pressure measurement unit which measures a transmembrane pressure of the separation membrane; transmembrane pressure increase speed comparing means which compares a transmembrane pressure increase speed selected on the basis of the value of the organic substance concentration measured by the organic substance concentration measurement means, with a transmembrane pressure increase speed calculated from the transmembrane pressure measured by the pressure measurement unit; and a control unit which controls the membrane surface aeration flow amount of the membrane surface aeration device, wherein the control unit changes the membrane surface aeration flow amount on the basis of the difference between the transmembrane pressure increase speeds, obtained by the transmembrane pressure increase speed comparing means. 1: A membrane separation device comprising:a separation membrane which filters treatment target water in a membrane separation tank;a membrane surface aeration device which supplies air for performing membrane surface aeration for the separation membrane;organic substance concentration measurement means which measures an organic substance concentration in the treatment target water;a pressure measurement unit which measures a transmembrane pressure of the separation membrane;{'sub': T', 'M, 'transmembrane pressure increase speed comparing means which compares a transmembrane pressure increase speed Rselected on the basis of a value of the organic substance concentration measured by the organic substance concentration measurement means, with a transmembrane pressure increase speed Rcalculated from the transmembrane pressure measured by the pressure measurement unit; and'}a control unit which controls a membrane surface aeration flow amount of the membrane surface aeration device, ...

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03-01-2019 дата публикации

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL LAUNDRY WASTEWATER

Номер: US20190001277A1
Автор: WOLFF Kyle Anthony
Принадлежит: WATER RECOVERY SYSTEMS, LLC

The present invention relates generally to an effluent treatment device including in one embodiment a skid configuration. The method and apparatus of the present invention can use only two fluid pump units and including individual or multiple membrane modules in a stacked longitudinally arranged configuration. The stacked or in series modules can be either vertical or horizontal forming a column. The membrane modules are contained in large diameter pipes with enough space around each module so that filtered permeate water collects in the pipe and backwash water can flow in the pipe to backwash the modules and contained membranes. The present invention includes one or more hollow fiber ceramic membrane modules which each includes multiple hollow fibers bundled together by end or band caps (e.g., ceramic, epoxy of glass material end caps) to form a complete membrane module. A complete hollow fiber membrane module can comprise multiple symmetric individual hollow fibers between about 2.0 to 4.00 millimeters inside diameter and can be made of aluminium oxide (AlO) substrate material. The geometry of the individual ceramic fiber walls can be between about 1.0 to 2.0 millimeters in thickness, known as the membrane wall. Such ceramic hollow fibers can have pores including a range of nominal 1 nanometer to 1400 nanometers. The ceramic hollow fibers can comprise selective membranes pores including a range of nominal 1 nanometer to 1400 nanometers which may include individual or multiple separating layers attached to the fiber walls of nominal 1 to 100 nanometers. The separating layers can each be a porous polymeric material. In one embodiment, a skid mounted treatment device is operable to pass water through an individual hollow fiber ceramic membrane module or multiple membrane modules in series known as a membrane loop. Filtration is inside to out flow filtration through the hollow fiber membranes. The apparatus is also operable to pass water through the hollow fiber ...

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07-01-2021 дата публикации

HEADER-EQUIPPED AIR DIFFUSION DEVICE, AND MEMBRANE SEPARATION ACTIVATED SLUDGE DEVICE

Номер: US20210002158A1

A header-equipped air diffusion device can sufficiently suppress the intrusion of sludge into the air diffusion device from the header and allow stable operation even with repeated operating and stopping, and a membrane separation activated sludge device. The header-equipped air diffusion device can include an air diffusion device and a header which are immersed in water to be treated. The header includes an air storage unit, on the lower end of which is formed an inlet for the water to be treated, and an air supply part and an air sending part provided on the upper section of the air storage unit. The air sending part and a horizontal tube of the air diffusion device are connected, the air sent from the header is diffused by the air diffusion device, and an air sending of the air sending part in the air storage unit is positioned above an air supply port of the air supply part. 1. A header-equipped air diffusion device comprising:an air diffusion device and a header that are immersed in target treatment water,wherein the header includes an air storage portion that stores air, an air supply portion that feeds the air into the air storage portion, and an air feeding portion through which the air in the air storage portion is fed out,the air supply portion and the air feeding portion are provided in an upper portion of the air storage portion,a target treatment water-inlet port is formed in a lower portion of the air storage portion,the air feeding portion and the air diffusion device are connected to each other, and air which is fed from the header is diffused by the air diffusion device, andan air feeding port of the air feeding portion, the air feeding port being open in the air storage portion, is positioned higher than an air supply port of the air supply portion, the air supply port being open in the air storage portion.2. The header-equipped air diffusion device according to claim 1 , wherein a partition portion is provided in the air storage portion to ...

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07-01-2016 дата публикации

Reverse osmosis membrane apparatus and method of operating same

Номер: US20160002072A1
Принадлежит: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd

A reverse osmosis membrane apparatus has a plurality of high pressure vessels 12 a and 12 b in parallel with each other with respect to introducing passage 18 of clarified seawater obtained by subjecting raw seawater to sterilization and removal of relatively large foreign substances. The high pressure vessels 12 a and 12 b have first-stage reverse osmosis membrane elements 14 a and 14 b , respectively. Concentrated seawater subjected to membrane separation in the high pressure vessels 12 a and 12 b flows into a high pressure vessel 16 . In the high pressure vessel 16 , a plurality of reverse osmosis membrane elements 42 are arranged in series. When a detected value obtained by a differential pressure meter 56 a or 56 b provided for the high pressure vessel 12 a or 12 b exceeds a threshold value, introduction of the clarified seawater is stopped, and the reverse osmosis membrane element is washed or replaced.

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05-01-2017 дата публикации

FILTRATION ELEMENT

Номер: US20170001884A1
Принадлежит: BASF SE

The invention relates to a element () for filtering fluids comprising an element housing (), wherein at least one membrane arrangement () and at least one permeate collecting tube () are arranged within the element housing () and wherein the at least one permeate collecting tube () is arranged in an outer part () of the filtration element (). The invention further relates to a filtration module () and a filtration system () comprising such a filtration element () as well as uses of such a filtration element (). 114-. (canceled)15. A filtration system comprising multiple filtration modules arranged in series , each filtration module including a module housing , wherein at least one filtration element for filtering fluids comprising an element housing , wherein at least one membrane arrangement and at least one permeate collecting tube are arranged within the element housing , wherein the at least one permeate collecting tube is arranged in an outer part of the filtration element is arranged within the module housing ,wherein the filtration modules are mounted horizontally andwherein the filtration elements are arranged such that the at least one permeate collecting tube is located substantially at the top of the filtration module.16. The filtration system of claim 15 , wherein the at least one permeate collecting tube is arranged within an outer circumferential ring of the filtration element.17. The filtration system of claim 15 , wherein the permeate collecting tube is located within the filtration element such that the permeate collecting tube at least partially touches the element housing.18. The filtration system of claim 15 , wherein at least two permeate collecting tubes are arranged within the element housing.19. The filtration system of claim 18 , wherein at least two permeate collecting tubes are arranged opposite each other in the outer part of the filtration element.20. The filtration system of claim 15 , wherein the filtration element further comprises a ...

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07-01-2016 дата публикации

Development of Zwitterionic Coatings that Confer Ultra Anti-Biofouling Properties to Commercial Reverse Osmosis Membranes

Номер: US20160002489A1
Принадлежит:

Disclosed are methods of preparing antifouling coatings on reverse osmosis membranes with initiated chemical vapor deposition. The coatings enhance the stability and lifetime of membranes without sacrificing performance characteristics, such as permeability or salt retention. 3. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein R is H.4. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein Y is alkylene.5. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein Y is 1 claim 1 ,2-ethylene.6. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein X is —COO.7. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein m is 1.8. The polymer of claim 2 , wherein the number ratio of first repeat units to third repeat units is about 9:1.9. A composition claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises a substrate and a coating material claim 1 , wherein the coating material comprises a polymer of .10. The composition of claim 9 , wherein the substrate comprises a polysulfone claim 9 , a polyimide claim 9 , or a polyamide.11. The composition of claim 9 , wherein the substrate comprises a polyamide.12. The composition of claim 9 , wherein the substrate is a membrane.13. The composition of claim 9 , wherein the substrate is an RO membrane.14. The composition of claim 9 , wherein the static contact angle is from about 20° to about 50° at about 25° C. and about 1 atm.15. The composition of claim 9 , wherein claim 9 , upon exposure to a biomolecule claim 9 , an area of the composition adsorbs less than about 80% claim 9 , less than about 70% claim 9 , less than about 60% claim 9 , less than about 50% claim 9 , less than about 40% claim 9 , less than about 30% claim 9 , less than about 20% claim 9 , or less than about 10% by mass of the biomolecule claim 9 , as compared to the mass of the biomolecule adsorbed by the same area of the substrate alone claim 9 , without the coating material claim 9 , under identical conditions.16. The composition of claim 9 , wherein claim 9 , upon exposure to a quantity of an organism claim 9 , an area of the composition adsorbs less than about 50% claim 9 , ...

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02-01-2020 дата публикации

SUBMERGED REVERSE OSMOSIS SYSTEM

Номер: US20200003232A1
Принадлежит:

A submersible reverse osmosis desalination apparatus and method employs airlift to remove desalinated water from the apparatus via as annular flow regime over a substantial portion of the product water discharge conduit. Use of a high air fraction for airlift operation and an annular flow regime significantly lowers the weight of the product water column, as well as the backpressure on the downstream side of the osmotic membranes and at the bottom of the discharge water conduit. This permits deployment of the apparatus at reduced depths and in many eases closer to shore. In preferred embodiments the apparatus relies wholly upon hydrostatic pressure to drive seawater through the osmotic membranes, and continuously desalinates seawater and delivers pure water to the discharge water conduit without using any submerged moving parts subject to wear or breakage. 138-. (canceled)39. A submerged reverse osmosis desalination system comprising a reverse osmosis desalination apparatus comprising:a) one or more submerged osmotic membranes each having an inlet surface supplied with saltwater at least partially under hydrostatic pressure and an outlet surface that provides desalinated water to a submerged product water collector in fluid communication with the outlet surface(s),b) an air supply for removing water from the collector via airlift, andc) an at least partially submerged water discharge conduit in fluid communication with the collector and containing desalinated water lifted by the supplied air in an annular flow regime over 10% or more of the airlift depth.40. A system according to wherein the apparatus relies wholly upon hydrostatic pressure to drive seawater through the osmotic membranes.41. A system according to wherein the apparatus does not include submerged frictional sliding surfaces claim 39 , a submerged mechanical pump or a submerged valve.42. A system according to wherein the air supply further comprises an onshore claim 39 , ship-borne or platform-mounted ...

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14-01-2021 дата публикации

ADAPTIVE SYSTEM FOR BLOOD FLUID REMOVAL

Номер: US20210008265A1
Принадлежит:

Methods for monitoring patient parameters and blood fluid removal system parameters include identifying those system parameters that result in improved patient parameters or in worsened patient parameters. By comparing the patient's past responses to system parameters or changes in system parameters, a blood fluid removal system may be able to avoid future use of parameters that may harm the patient and may be able to learn which parameters are likely to be most effective in treating the patient in a blood fluid removal session. 1. A method carried out by a blood fluid removal system , comprising:storing a second data in a most effective to date data set; wherein the second data is data regarding system parameters employed in a first blood fluid removal session of a patient; and wherein a first data is data regarding the patient, the first data including one or more of a physiological parameter and time since last blood fluid removal session prior to the first blood fluid removal session of the patient; wherein at least one physiological parameter is measured in a dialysate;storing the second data in a least effective to date data set;determining whether at least one physiological parameter in a third data is closer to a target value than the first data; and replacing the data in the most effective to date data set with a fourth data if the third data is closer to the target value than the first data;wherein the third data is data regarding the patient, the data including one or more of a physiological parameter and time since last blood fluid removal session prior to a second blood fluid removal session of the patient; wherein at least one physiological parameter is measured in a dialysate; and wherein the fourth data is data regarding system parameters employed in the second blood fluid removal session of the patient;determining whether at least one physiological parameter in the third data is further from a target value than the first data; and replacing the data ...

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27-01-2022 дата публикации

ULTRAFILTRATION/NANOFILTRATION MEMBRANE WITH TUNABLE PORE SIZE

Номер: US20220023805A1
Автор: FARNIA Farhad, Zhao Yue
Принадлежит:

An ultrafiltration/nanofiltration membrane with gas-tunable pore size is provided. This membrane comprises an active layer arranged between two porous support layers, wherein the active layer is formed of randomly arranged cellulose nanocrystals, wherein pores are defined in the active layer by the free spaces existing between the randomly arranged cellulose nanocrystals, and wherein chains of a CO-responsive polymer are grafted on the surface of the cellulose nanocrystals. There are also provided methods for filtering a feed using the membrane, for tuning the apparent pore size/MWCO/charge of the membrane, for cleaning the membrane, and for manufacturing the membrane. 1. An ultrafiltration/nanofiltration membrane with gas-tunable pore size comprising an active layer arranged on a first porous support layer ,wherein the active layer is formed of randomly arranged cellulose nanocrystals,wherein pores are defined in the active layer by the free spaces existing between the randomly arranged cellulose nanocrystals, and{'sub': '2', 'wherein chains of a CO-responsive polymer are grafted on the surface of the cellulose nanocrystals.'}2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. The membrane of claim 1 , wherein the cellulose nanocrystals are covalently bonded to the first porous support layer.5. The membrane of claim 1 , wherein the cellulose nanocrystals are covalently bonded to each other.6. (canceled)7. (canceled)8. An ultrafiltration/nanofiltration membrane with gas-tunable pore size comprising an active layer claim 1 , wherein the active layer is formed of a porous polyether sulfone (PES) claim 1 , cellulose acetate claim 1 , Nylon claim 1 , cellulose nitrate claim 1 , or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane and wherein chains of CO-responsive polymer are grafted on the surface and the gates of the membrane.9. The membrane of claim 1 , wherein upon exposure of the membrane to CO claim 1 , the chains of the CO-responsive polymer either extend away from the surface of the cellulose ...

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14-01-2021 дата публикации

DISPOSABLE DEVICE FOR FILTERING A LARGE MEDIUM VOLUME

Номер: US20210008498A1
Принадлежит:

A single-use device for filtration of a large volume of medium comprises a plurality of single-use filter units, at least some of which, preferably all of which, are connected to each other by rigid pipes. The filter units include at least one prefilter and at least one main filter for virus filtration which is configured as a hollow fiber capsule. 1. A single-use device for filtering a large volume of medium , comprising a plurality of single-use filter units , at least some of which are connected to each other by rigid pipes , the filter units including at least one prefilter and at least one main filter for virus filtration which is configured as a hollow fiber capsule.2. The single-use filtration device according to claim 1 , characterized in that a rigid pipe is provided between the at least one prefilter and the at least one main filter.3. The single-use filtration device according to claim 1 , characterized in that an inlet pipe to the at least one main filter is configured as a rigid pipe.4. The single-use filtration device according to claim 1 , characterized in that the at least one prefilter and the at least one main filter are connected in series.5. The single-use filtration device according to claim 1 , characterized in that the rigid pipes are formed by pressure-stable tubes having a defined diameter.6. The single-use filtration device according to claim 1 , characterized in that it has both a common inlet connection and a common outlet connection for the medium and is adapted to be integrated into a filtration branch by sterile connectors.7. The single-use filtration device according to claim 1 , characterized in that the filter units and the rigid pipes are arranged such that all prefilters and the main filters are each exposed to a flow in parallel.8. The single-use filtration device according to claim 1 , characterized in that the prefilters are designed for dead-end filtration and the main filters for cross-flow filtration.9. The single-use ...

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14-01-2021 дата публикации

Full-effect reverse osmosis membrane element, and water purifier having same

Номер: US20210008501A1
Автор: Guoping Li, Juan Wang

A full-effect reverse osmosis membrane element includes a central tube and a reverse osmosis membrane assembly wound around the central tube. The reverse osmosis membrane assembly includes a pair of reverse osmosis membranes attached at front surfaces thereof and wound around the central tube. A water feed channel has a water inlet formed at front edges of the reverse osmosis membranes and a water outlet formed at rear edges of the reverse osmosis membranes. A water division structure is arranged in the water feed channel, and includes a first water division band forming a preset space with the central tube when the reverse osmosis membranes are in an unfolded state. The first water division band divides the water feed channel into a first flow channel having a gradually decreasing cross-section and a second flow channel in communication with the first flow channel.

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10-01-2019 дата публикации

Method for Processing Solutions of Biomolecules

Номер: US20190009215A1
Автор: Charles HEISE, Tibor Nagy

Apparatus for in-line liquid exchanging a biomolecule-containing liquid is provided. The apparatus comprises a means (3) for mixing at least two liquids comprising a multiple inlet flow-controller (2), the means for mixing also comprising an outlet in fluid connection with a tangential flow filtration device (1) configured in single-pass mode.

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10-01-2019 дата публикации

Method and System for Cleaning Membrane Filters

Номер: US20190009221A1
Принадлежит: Meurer Research, Inc.

The disclosure relates to a system and method for cleaning filters, such as membrane filters. More particularly, a method and system are disclosed for retaining a plurality of small particulates, preferably in the shape of beads, which contact sludge or other despots on the membrane filters to remove unwanted debris that would otherwise form on the cleaning filters. In various embodiments, the plurality of small particulates are retained in a permeable enclosure formed of wedgewire. 1. A method for cleaning filtration membrane modules , comprising:providing at least two removable housing structures, with each of said at least two removable housing structures having a wedgewire screen that entirely surrounds one or more filtration membranes on all four sides and on top and on bottom, said at least two removable housing structures comprising at least four vertically extending panels on each side of said one or more filtration membranes and a horizontally extending top and a horizontally extending bottom, said removable housing structure, adapted to be positioned within a basin for containing wastewater;positioning said at least two removable housing structures in said basin;flushing the one or more filtration membranes with a liquid containing biologically inert particles;cleaning the filtration membrane modules by circulating the biologically inert particles through the liquid and in a manner to achieve contact between the biologically inert particles and the one or more filtration membranes, said biologically inert particles impacting both sides of said one or more filtration membranes simultaneously during said circulating step;wherein deposits situated on one or more surfaces of the one or more filtration membranes are mechanically abraded by the biologically inert particles, and wherein the biologically inert particles are of a size able to be retained within the at least two removable housing structures;wherein during said circulating step, said biologically ...

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14-01-2021 дата публикации

Electrochemical Membrane Module for Selectively Removing Pollutants and Preparation Method Thereof

Номер: US20210009446A1
Принадлежит: TONGJI UNIVERSITY

An electrochemical membrane module for selectively removing pollutants and a preparation method thereof are provided. A Ti/SnO—Sb substrate electrode is coated with a MI-TiOsol-gel by means of a dip-coating method, and then sintered to obtain a molecular imprinting type Ti/MI-TiO/SnO—Sb coated electrode; the coated electrode is adhered to a ceramic micro-filtration membrane using epoxy resin glue to obtain a Ti/MI-TiO/SnO—Sb MI-anodic conductive composite membrane; the MI-anodic conductive composite membrane is used as an anode, and a titanium mesh is used as a cathode, so that the electrochemical membrane module capable of selectively removing pollutants is obtained. The invention effectively combines an electrochemical micro-filtration membrane and a molecular imprinting technique. When the electrochemical membrane module is used, suspended particles and refractory organics in the sewage are removed, and a highly selective removal of certain refractory pollutants can be achieved. 1. An electrochemical membrane module for selectively removing pollutants , comprising a membrane bracket , MI-anodic composite membranes , and a titanium mesh , wherein the membrane bracket is provided with a suction port connecting with an inner cavity of the membrane bracket , the inner cavity of the membrane bracket is internally provided with the titanium mesh as a cathode , and both outer sides of the membrane bracket are provided with the MI-anodic composite membranes , and each of the MI-anodic composite membranes comprises a Ti—SnO—Sb substrate electrode and a ceramic micro-filtration membrane , wherein the Ti—SnO—Sb substrate electrode is opposite to the inner cavity of the membrane bracket , and the Ti—SnO—Sb substrate electrode is coated with a MI-TiOsol-gel coating.2. A method for preparing the electrochemical membrane module according to claim 1 , comprising the steps of:{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2, '(1) immersing the Ti—SnO—Sb substrate electrode in the MI-TiOsol-gel ...

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03-02-2022 дата публикации

METHOD FOR OPERATING MEMBRANE FILTRATION UNIT AND MEMBRANE FILTRATION UNIT

Номер: US20220032234A1
Принадлежит: Toray Industries, Inc.

The present invention relates to a method of operating a membrane filtration unit including plural hollow fiber membrane modules connected to each other in parallel, the method including: a filtration step; a collection step; and a recovery step, in which a relation of n≥n>nis satisfied, where nis the number of the hollow fiber membrane modules simultaneously used in executing the filtration step, nis the number of the hollow fiber membrane modules simultaneously used in executing the collection step, and nis the number of the hollow fiber membrane modules simultaneously used in executing the recovery step. 1. A method of operating a membrane filtration unit , the membrane filtration unit comprising plural hollow fiber membrane modules connected to each other in parallel , each hollow fiber membrane module comprising a container which has a raw liquid inlet , a filtrate outlet , and a raw liquid outlet and is filled with hollow fiber membranes ,the method comprising:a filtration step of introducing a raw liquid into the container from the raw liquid inlet, filtering the raw liquid through the hollow fiber membranes from a primary side to a secondary side, and leading out resulting filtrate to outside the container from the filtrate outlet;a collection step of causing the filtrate existing in the container to flow in a reverse direction through the hollow fiber membranes from the secondary side to the primary side and leading out resulting backflow liquid to outside the container from at least one of the raw liquid inlet and the raw liquid outlet; anda recovery step of introducing the backflow liquid into the container again from at least one of the raw liquid inlet and the raw liquid outlet, filtering the backflow liquid through the hollow fiber membranes from the primary side to the secondary side, and leading out resulting recovery liquid to outside the container from the filtrate outlet,{'sub': 1', '2', '3', '1', '2', '3, 'wherein a relation of n≥n>nis satisfied, ...

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19-01-2017 дата публикации

SEAWATER DESALINATION DEVICE, METHOD FOR DESALINATING SEAWATER USING THE SAME, AND METHOD FOR CLEANING SEAWATER DESALINATION DEVICE

Номер: US20170014770A1
Автор: DONG Wanzhang, WANG Guilin
Принадлежит:

A seawater desalination device including: a seawater introducing and filtering device, a seawater reverse osmosis filtering device, and a control circuit. The seawater reverse osmosis filtering device includes a first control valve and a second control valve. The seawater introducing and filtering device is connected to the first control valve of the seawater reverse osmosis filtering device. The second control valve is disposed at a terminal pipe of the seawater reverse osmosis filtering device. The control circuit is adapted to control operations of the seawater reverse osmosis filtering device. 2. The device of claim 1 , whereinthe seawater introducing and filtering device comprises: a seawater inlet valve, a seawater pump, and a precise filter assembly connected in that order via pipelines;the seawater reverse osmosis filtering device comprises: the first control valve, a pressure pump, a reverse osmosis membrane assembly, a pressure regulating valve, the second control valve, and a purge water tank connected in that order via pipelines;one end of the seawater inlet valve of the seawater introducing and filtering device is connected to a seawater inlet, and the other end of the seawater inlet valve is connected to the seawater pump; an outlet end of the seawater pump is connected to the precise filter assembly, and an outlet of the precise filter assembly is connected to the first control valve; andthe first control valve of the seawater introducing and filtering device is connected to the pressure pump, and the pressure pump is connected to a water inlet of the reverse osmosis membrane assembly; a freshwater outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane assembly is divided into two paths, one path is connected to a freshwater outlet valve, and the other path is connected to a purge water tank via a liquid level valve; the reverse osmosis membrane assembly further comprises a concentrated seawater outlet, and the concentrated seawater outlet is connected to the ...

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19-01-2017 дата публикации

MEMBRANE CASING AND MEMBRANE COMPONENT

Номер: US20170015569A1
Принадлежит: KUBOTA CORPORATION

A membrane casing that watertightly houses a membrane element for filtering raw water includes a tubular casing main body, a lid body, and a pressing mechanism. The casing main body houses a membrane element. The lid body fits an opening end of the casing main body and is movable in the axial direction of the casing main body while maintaining the attitude and while securing watertightness with the casing main body. The pressing mechanism and presses the lid body to press and hold the membrane element housed in the casing main body. The membrane casing has a simple configuration capable of watertightly securing using a predetermined pressing force by accommodating variations in size of the membrane element, even if the membrane casing cannot be formed into a cylindrical shape. 1. A membrane casing configured to watertightly house a membrane element for filtering raw water , the membrane casing comprising:a tubular casing main body configured to house the membrane element;a lid body configured to fit an opening end of the casing main body and configured to be movable in an axial direction of the casing main body while maintaining an attitude and while securing watertightness with the casing main body; anda pressing mechanism configured to press the lid body to press and hold the membrane element housed in the casing main body.2. The membrane casing according to claim 1 , a supporting unit configured to be supported by the casing main body; and', 'a maintaining unit configured to adjustably maintain relative positions of the supporting unit and the lid body along the axial direction of the casing main body., 'wherein the pressing mechanism comprises3. The membrane casing according to claim 1 ,wherein the lid body has a fluid conducting opening through which a fluid inside the casing main body is capable of flowing, andwherein the maintaining unit comprises a fluid conducting pipe capable of being communicatably coupled to the fluid conducting opening.4. The membrane ...

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19-01-2017 дата публикации

Divalent Ion Removal From Monoethylene Glycol (MEG) Feed Streams

Номер: US20170015612A1
Принадлежит:

A system and process for removing divalent ions from a MEG feed stream is presented. The system includes a chemical treatment tank where chemicals are mixed with the feed stream to form insoluble carbonate and hydroxide salts. The system also includes a solid-liquid separation unit that receives the feed stream from the chemical treatment tank and separates it into a liquids portion containing MEG and a insoluble salts portion. The system may also include washing the insoluble salts portion to remove additional MEG, which is then recycled to a MEG regeneration or reclamation process. The system may also include a dryer that receives waste slurry from the solid-liquid separation unit and dries it to form a solid waste, thereby facilitating its handling, storage, and disposal. 1. A system for removing divalent ions from a feed stream having MEG mixed with produced water , the system comprising:a chemical treatment tank arranged to receive the feed stream and react chemicals mixed with the feed stream to form insoluble carbonate and hydroxide salts; anda solid-liquid separation unit arranged to receive the reacted feed stream from the chemical treatment tank and separate the reacted feed stream into a liquids portion and an insoluble salts portion;a return line arranged to receive wash water used to wash the insoluble salts portion and return the wash water to the chemical treatment tank.2. A system according to wherein the chemical treatment tank has a temperature ranging from approximately 10° C. (50° F.) to approximately 100° C. (212° F.).3. A system according to wherein the chemical treatment tank has a temperature ranging from approximately 50° C. (122° F.) to approximately 85° C. (185° F.).4. A system according to wherein the chemical treatment tank has a residence time ranging from approximately five minutes to approximately sixty minutes.5. A system according to wherein the residence time is approximately thirty minutes.6. A system according to wherein the ...

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21-01-2016 дата публикации

HOLLOW FIBER MEMBRANE MODULE AND WATER TREATMENT DEVICE USING HOLLOW FIBER MEMBRANE MODULE

Номер: US20160016120A1
Принадлежит:

A water treatment device using a hollow fiber membrane module is provided, including: a water container filled with raw water; a hollow fiber membrane module installed in the water container and provided with hollow fiber membranes therein to perform water treatment by a water pressure difference; and a raw water supplying part positioned on the water container, and configured to supply the raw water into the water container through the hollow fiber membrane module, in which the hollow fiber membrane module causes the raw water supplied from the raw water supplying part collide with the hollow fiber membrane to move the hollow fiber membrane, so that it is possible to minimize contamination of the hollow fiber membrane, minimize use of energy using electricity, and wash the hollow fiber membrane by a physical method.

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21-01-2016 дата публикации

Systems for water extraction

Номер: US20160016127A1
Принадлежит: Aquaporin AS

The present invention relates to a water extraction system comprising a flow cell comprising a membrane; said membrane comprising an active layer comprising immobilized aquaporin water channels and a support layer, and said membrane having a feed side and a non-feed side; and an aqueous source solution in fluid communication with the feed side of the membrane.

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19-01-2017 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR MAKING A POLYZWITTERION OR POLYZWITTERIONIC ACID

Номер: US20170015788A1
Принадлежит:

A zwitterionic monomer and corresponding cyclopolymerized polyzwitterion (±) (PZ) (i.e. poly(Z-alt-SO). Phosophonate ester hydroloysis in PZ gave a pH-responsive polyzwitterionic acid (±) (PZA). The PZA under pH-induced transformation was converted into polyzwitterion/anion (±−) (PZAN) and polyzwitterion/dianion (±=) (PZDAN). 2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the alkyl group R is CHCH; andn is the number of repeating units in the range of 20-1,500.37-. (canceled)8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polymerizing agent is tert-butyl hydroperoxide.9. The process of claim 1 , further comprising:{'sub': 2', '2, 'reacting the polyzwitterion or polyzwitterionic acid with an acid solution to hydrolyze the P(O)(OR)groups into groups of formula —P(O)(OH).'}10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polymerizing occurs in a solution of dimethylsulfoxide.11. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polymerizing agent is azobisisobutyronitrile. The present application is a continuation of Ser. No. 14/144,094, now allowed.Technical FieldThe present invention relates to a zwitterionic monomer, a polyzwitterion synthesized from the zwitterionic monomer, a pH-responsive polyzwitterionic acid synthesized from the polyzwitterion, a polyzwitterion/anion and polyzwitterion/dianion synthesized from the polyzwitterionic acid, and the corresponding methods by which each compound and polymer is formed and use of the polyzwitterionic acid as an antiscalant.Description of the Related ArtThe “background” description provided herein is for the purpose of generally presenting the context of the disclosure. Work of the presently named inventors, to the extent it is described in this background section, as well as aspects of the description which may not otherwise qualify as prior art at the time of filing, are neither expressly or impliedly admitted as prior art against the present invention.The architecture of Butler's cyclopolymers from diallylammonium salts (Butler G B. Cyclopolymerization and ...

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17-01-2019 дата публикации

HOLLOW FIBER MEMBRANE MODULE AND METHOD FOR OPERATING SAME

Номер: US20190015786A1
Принадлежит: Toray Industries, Inc.

The present invention provides a hollow fiber membrane module that can effectively resolve the accumulation of suspended solids within the membrane module, lower running costs, and also operate stably. The present invention relates to a hollow fiber membrane molecule provided with: a cylindrical case having a first end and a second end in the direction of height; a plurality of hollow fiber membranes accommodated within the cylindrical case; and a first potting part accommodated within the cylindrical case and attaching the plurality of hollow fiber membranes together such that the end parts of the plurality of hollow membrane fibers at a first end side of the cylindrical case are open. The hollow fiber membranes are porous hollow fiber membranes having a breaking strength of 23 MPa, and the hollow membrane module has a membrane area per unit volume of 800-3700 m/m. The filling fraction for the hollow fiber membranes in a cross-section orthogonal to the direction of height of the cylindrical case is 25-38%. 1. A hollow-fiber membrane module comprising:a cylindrical case having a first end and a second end in a height direction,a plurality of hollow-fiber membranes housed in the cylindrical case, anda first potting part which bonds end parts of the plurality of hollow-fiber membranes located on the first end side of the cylindrical case while the end parts being open, whereinthe hollow-fiber membrane is a porous hollow-fiber membrane and has a breaking strength of 23 MPa or more,{'sup': 2', '3, 'a membrane area per unit volume of the hollow-fiber membrane module is from 800 to 3,700 m/m, and'}in a cross-section which perpendicularly intersects the height direction of the cylindrical case, a filling ratio of the hollow-fiber membranes is from 25% to 38%.2. The hollow-fiber membrane module according to claim 1 , whereinthe hollow-fiber membrane contains a fluororesin-based polymer,the hollow-fiber membrane has a columnar texture oriented in a longitudinal direction ...

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17-01-2019 дата публикации

FLAT-SHEET SEPARATION MEMBRANE ELEMENT, ELEMENT UNIT, FLAT-SHEET SEPARATION MEMBRANE MODULE, AND OPERATION METHOD FOR FLAT-SHEET SEPARATION MEMBRANE MODULE

Номер: US20190015788A1
Принадлежит: Toray Industries, Inc.

The present invention relates to a flat-sheet separation membrane element having formed therein a separation membrane pair in which separation membranes are disposed such that permeation-side faces thereof face each other and in which a channel material is provided, wherein the area of a high-elasticity region satisfying a bending modulus of 100-1000 MPa and a maximum bending stress of 1-15 MPa at least in one direction is not less than 10% of the area of a filtration region of the pair of separation membranes. 1. A flat-membrane type separation membrane element comprising a separation membrane pair , whereinseparation membranes are disposed so that permeate-side faces of the separation membranes face each other anda channel material is disposed inside between the separation membranes to form the separation membrane pair, andthe separation membrane pair has a high-modulus region which satisfies, in at least one direction, a bending modulus of 100-1,000 MPa and a maximum bending stress of 1-15 MPa and an area of the high-modulus region accounts for 10% or more of an area of a filtration region of the separation membrane pair.2. The flat-membrane type separation membrane element according to claim 1 , wherein at least a part of the channel material is a plurality of resin parts claim 1 , the resin parts having been fixed to both the permeate-side faces of the separation membrane pair.3. The flat-membrane type separation membrane element according to claim 2 , wherein the resin parts in the high-modulus region have a tensile modulus of 50-1 claim 2 ,000 MPa.4. The flat-membrane type separation membrane element according to claim 2 , wherein the resin parts in the high-modulus region have been disposed at intervals.5. The flat-membrane type separation membrane element according to claim 2 , wherein the resin parts have a major-axis length of 10 mm or larger.6. The flat-membrane type separation membrane element according to claim 2 , wherein the resin parts have a minor- ...

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18-01-2018 дата публикации

Chemical free and energy efficient desalination system

Номер: US20180016173A1
Принадлежит: IDE Technologies Ltd

A desalination system ( 100 ) having an intake unit ( 110 ) providing seawater to a pre-treatment unit ( 120 ) connected to a reverse osmosis (RO) desalination unit ( 130 ) and a post treatment unit ( 150 ). The desalination system ( 100 ) is configured to operate without any external addition of chemicals to simplify logistics and regulation concerns. The units of the system are configured to prevent biofouling, scaling and corrosion by mechanical and biological means including high flow speeds, biological flocculation of colloids, and making the water entering the RO units inhospitable to bacteria and other organisms that cause biofouling, hence preventing their settlement and removing them with the brine. Recovery rate is lowered and energy is recovered to increase the energetic efficiency and minerals that are added to the product water are taken from the brine.

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21-01-2016 дата публикации

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR RECOVERING HIGH PURITY GELATIN FROM GELATIN NET GENERATED IN GELATIN CAPSULE MANUFACTURING PROCESS

Номер: US20160017182A1
Автор: KIM Ju-su
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for recovering gelatin from a gelatin net generated in a gelatin capsule manufacturing process and more particularly, to a recycle of a gelatin for use as a raw material for manufacturing a gelatin capsule by extracting a high purity gelatin through removing an additive, specifically, a coloring included in a gelatin net. To this end, in the present invention, a gelatin net is cleaned in a pre-process, the gelatin net is dissolved by a solvent, and a foreign substance is filtered by sequentially using a normal filtering scheme, a microfiltering scheme and an ultrafiltering scheme, a coloring causing material is removed in an ion separating step, and the gelatin net is concentrated and dried.

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16-01-2020 дата публикации

FILTER MEDIUM, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME, AND FILTER UNIT COMPRISING SAME

Номер: US20200016545A1
Принадлежит:

A filter medium according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a first support having a plurality of pores; a nanofiber web comprising nanofibers disposed on upper and lower portions of the first support and forming a three-dimensional network structure, and a hydrophilic coating layer formed on at least a part of an outer surface of the nanofibers, wherein the hydrophilic coating layer is formed of a hydrophilic coating composition comprising a hydrophilic polymer compound having at least one functional group selected from a hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group and a crosslinking agent comprising at least one sulfone group; and a second support having a plurality of pores interposed between the first support and the nanofiber web. 1. A filter medium comprising:a first support having a plurality of pores;nanofiber webs disposed above and below the first support and comprising nanofibers forming a three-dimensional network structure and a hydrophilic coating layer formed on at least a part of an outer surface of the nanofibers and formed of a hydrophilic coating composition including a hydrophilic polymer compound including one or more types of functional groups selected from a hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group and a crosslinking agent including one or more sulfonic groups; anda second support interposed between the first support and the nanofiber webs and having a plurality of pores.2. The filter medium of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophilic polymer compound is polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of polymerization of 500 to 2 claim 1 ,000 and a degree of saponification of 85 to 90%.3. The filter medium of claim 1 , wherein the crosslinking agent comprises sulfosuccinic acid and poly(styrene sulfonic acid-maleic acid) at a weight ratio of 1:3 to 1:10.4. The filter medium of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophilic coating layer is formed by crosslinking the hydrophilic polymer compound using the crosslinking agent.5. The filter medium of claim 1 , wherein the ...

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17-04-2014 дата публикации

Semipermeable Membrane and Process Using Same

Номер: US20140102982A1
Принадлежит: NUWATER RESOURCES INTERNATIONAL LLC

An enhanced process for semipermeable membrane performance. Counter flowing chambers on either side of a semipermeable membrane is disclosed. Each comprise turbulent flow injectors and flow deflector cells giving rise to swirling and turbulent boundary layer conditions. The disclosed invention obviates concentration polarization in osmotic systems and maximizes flux (fluid flow) through the semipermeable membrane. This invention fills a need in large volume, forward osmosis water purification systems.

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22-01-2015 дата публикации

OPERATING METHOD FOR MEMBRANE SEPARATION DEVICE AND MEMBRANE SEPARATION DEVICE

Номер: US20150021266A1
Принадлежит:

A membrane separation device includes a separation membrane immersed in water to be treated and an air diffusion device positioned below the separation membrane, and provides treated water that has permeated through the separation membrane while diffusing air from the air diffusion device towards the separation membrane. A target value setting step sets a target value of an amount of diffusion air diffused from the air diffusion device based on a transmembrane pressure difference, and the air diffusion device is controlled such that the amount of the diffusion air becomes the target value. In the target value setting step, an absolute value of a change or a rate of change in the target value for increasing the amount of the air diffusion is set greater than an absolute value of a change or a rate of change in the target value for decreasing the amount of the air diffusion. 1. A method for operating a membrane separation device , the membrane separation device including a separation membrane immersed in water to be treated and an air diffusion device positioned below the separation membrane , the membrane separation device providing treated water that has permeated through the separation membrane while diffusing air from the air diffusion device towards the separation membrane , the method comprising:a target value setting step for setting a target value of an amount of the diffusion air diffused from the air diffusion device based on a transmembrane pressure difference; anda diffusion air amount control step for controlling the air diffusion device so that the amount of the diffusion air becomes the target value,wherein in the target value setting step, an absolute value of a change or a rate of change in the target value for increasing the amount of the air diffusion is set greater than an absolute value of a change or a rate of change in the target value for decreasing the amount of the air diffusion.2. The method for operating the membrane separation device ...

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28-01-2016 дата публикации

SYSTEM FOR CLEANING A MEMBRANE

Номер: US20160023166A1
Автор: Zuback Joseph Edward
Принадлежит:

A system () for cleaning a membrane () includes at least one of a ceramic or polymeric membrane () for filtering solids from fluid in a filtration system, the membrane () having a clean side and a dirty side. The system further comprises at least a first supply of high pressure fluid () with dissolved gas therein. The first supply of high pressure fluid () is in fluid communication with the clean side of the membrane () during a cleaning process. The dissolved gas in the high pressure fluid () is at a concentration such that gas bubbles form on the dirty side of the membrane () during the cleaning process, wherein dissolved gas includes a first gas and the first gas is an oxidative gas. 1100200300122322122322124321126323132232332132232332124321122322132232332126323122322. A system (; ; ) for cleaning a membrane (; ) , wherein the membrane (; ) includes at least one of a ceramic or polymeric membrane for filtering solids from fluid in a filtration system , the membrane having a clean side (; ) and a dirty side (; ); the system further comprising at least a first supply of high pressure fluid (; , ) with dissolved gas therein; the first supply of high pressure fluid (; , ) being in fluid communication with the clean side (; ) of the membrane (; ) during a cleaning process; and the dissolved gas in the high pressure fluid (; , ) being at a concentration such that gas releases , optionally in the form of bubbles , on the dirty side (; ) of the membrane (; ) during the cleaning process; wherein the dissolved gas includes a first gas and the first gas is an oxidative gas.2200300220325122322. The system (; ) as recited in claim 1 , further comprising a source of cleaning reagent (; ) being selected to physically or chemically coact with the dirt accumulated at the membrane (; ) during the cleaning process.3100200142242122142242. The system (; ) as recited in any one of the preceding claims claim 1 , comprising a second supply of high pressure fluid (; ) being selectively ...

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25-01-2018 дата публикации

WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR TREATING WATER LOCATED IN A WATER RESERVOIR

Номер: US20180021734A1
Принадлежит: VEDER Waterbox GmbH

The invention relates to a water treatment system () and a method for treating water () located in a water reservoir (). The water treatment system () comprises a recirculation means () and a membrane filtration means () with a plurality of filter modules () disposed in the recirculation means (). The water treatment system () particularly comprises a gas supply means () by which gas can be introduced into the filter modules () to clean the membranes of the filter modules () of the membrane filtration means () or by which gas supply means () gas can be introduced into the water reservoir () at one or more locations, periodically or when required, to circulate and mix up the water (). 133-. (canceled)34232. Method for treating water () located in a water reservoir () , for example in a swimming pool , pond or aquarium , in particular for cleaning and disinfecting the water () , comprising:{'b': 2', '3', '6', '4, 'removing a pre-settable quantity of water () per unit of time from the water reservoir () via one or more extraction line(s) () of a recirculation means ();'}{'b': 2', '9', '4', '9', '10, 'filtering the removed partial quantity of water () by means of a membrane filtration means () disposed in the recirculation means (), the membrane filtration means () comprising a number of filter modules () fluidically connected in a parallel arrangement;'}{'b': 3', '7', '4, "returning the water to the'water reservoir () via one or more return line(s) () of the recirculation means ();"}{'b': 10', '10', '17, 'cleaning the membranes of the filter modules (), periodically or when required, by backwashing with a backwashing liquid by reversing the direction of flow through the filter modules () compared with that of the filtration operation and discharging the dirty liquid occurring during backwashing via a discharge (),'}{'b': 10', '9', '24', '10', '3', '24', '2', '3', '24', '10', '2', '3, 'wherein in order to clean the membranes of the filter modules () of the membrane ...

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25-01-2018 дата публикации

METHOD FOR IDENTIFYING THE TYPE OF CLOGGING IN A MEMBRANE FILTRATION APPARATUS

Номер: US20180021735A1
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a method for processing a membrane filtration apparatus having at least one fluid inlet and at least one fluid outlet, said method comprising a first step a) of supplying and flowing a first enzyme solution comprising at least one protease through said membrane filtration apparatus for a first predetermined time period, said first step a) being followed by a first measurement, performed at said at least one fluid inlet and/or said at least one fluid outlet of said membrane filtration apparatus, of at least one first parameter value making it possible to characterize the fluid flowing within said membrane filtration apparatus, said at least one first measured parameter value being compared to a value of the same parameter measured before step a). 1. Method for treating a membrane filtration apparatus having at least one fluid inlet and at least one fluid outlet , said method comprising a first step a) of supplying and flowing , through said membrane filtration apparatus for a first predetermined period of time , a first enzyme solution comprising at least one protease , said first step a) being followed by a first measurement , carried out at said at least one fluid inlet and/or at said at least one fluid outlet of said membrane filtration apparatus , of at least one first value of a parameter for characterising the fluid flowing in said membrane filtration apparatus , this at least one first measured value of a parameter being compared with a measured value of this same parameter prior to step a) ,said method being characterised in that it comprises, for identifying the nature of the clogging present in said membrane filtration apparatus, a second step b) of supplying and flowing in said membrane filtration apparatus, for a second predetermined period of time, a second enzyme solution comprising at least one enzyme other than a protease, said second step b) being followed by a second measurement, carried out at said at least one ...

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26-01-2017 дата публикации

Method for recovering an acid or base

Номер: US20170022585A1
Принадлежит:

Disclosed herein is a method for recovering an acid or a base during a metal extraction process. The method comprises contacting a feed stream comprising the acid or base and the metal with an ultrafiltration membrane to produce an ultrafiltration retentate and an ultrafiltration permeate, and contacting the ultrafiltration permeate with a nanofiltration membrane. The nanofiltration retentate produced comprises a majority of the metal from the feed stream, and the nanofiltration permeate produced comprises a majority of the acid or base from the feed stream. Also disclosed herein is a recovery apparatus for recovering an acid or a base during a metal extraction process. 1. A method for recovering an acid or a base during a metal extraction process , the method comprising:contacting a feed stream comprising the acid or base and the metal with an ultrafiltration membrane to produce an ultrafiltration retentate and an ultrafiltration permeate; andcontacting the ultrafiltration permeate with a nanofiltration membrane to produce a nanofiltration retentate comprising a majority of the metal from the feed stream, and a nanofiltration permeate comprising a majority of the acid or base from the feed stream.2. The method of claim 1 , comprising re-using at least a portion of the acid or base from the nanofiltration permeate in an upstream step of the metal extraction process.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the feed stream is an eluate.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the eluate is formed by passing the acid or base through a contactor containing the metal.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the acid or base that is passed through the contactor onto which the metal has been loaded comprises the acid or base from the nanofiltration permeate.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the acid or base is selected from the group consisting of: sulphuric acid claim 1 , nitric acid claim 1 , hydrochloric acid claim 1 , phosphoric acid claim 1 , sodium carbonate claim 1 , sodium ...

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24-01-2019 дата публикации

ULTRATHIN, CONDUCTIVE AND FOULING-RESISTANT ZWITTERIONIC POLYMER FILMS

Номер: US20190022594A1
Принадлежит:

Disclosed are methods of preparing antifouling coatings on reverse osmosis membranes with initiated vapor deposition or oxidative vapor deposition. The coatings enhance the stability and lifetime of membranes without sacrificing performance characteristics, such as permeability or salt retention. 2. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the first repeat unit is represented by Formula IA.3. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the first repeat unit is represented by Formula IIA.4. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the second repeat unit is represented by Formula IB.5. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the second repeat unit is represented by Formula IIB.6. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the first repeat unit is represented by Formula IA; and the second repeat unit is represented by Formula IB.7. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the first repeat unit is represented by Formula IB; and the second repeat unit is represented by Formula IIB.8. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein Ris H; and Ris H.9. (canceled)10. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein n is 0.11. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein X is —SO.12. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of first repeat units to second repeat units is about 0.8:0.2.13. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of first repeat units to second repeat units is about 2:1.14. A composition claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises a substrate and a coating material claim 1 , wherein the coating material comprises a polymer of or PEDOT.15. The composition of claim 14 , wherein the substrate comprises a polysulfone claim 14 , a polyimide claim 14 , or a polyamide.16. (canceled)17. The composition of claim 14 , wherein the substrate is a membrane.18. The composition of claim 17 , wherein the substrate is a reverse osmosis membrane.1927-. (canceled)28. An article claim 14 , comprising a composition of ; wherein the article is incorporated into a water desalination device.29. A method claim 14 , comprising{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00014', 'claim 14 ...

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28-01-2021 дата публикации

Water Treatment System

Номер: US20210024382A1
Принадлежит:

The disclosure relates to water treatment systems that may be used to remove impurities from water, particularly systems that inserted at the point of entry of a water supply into a building. 1. A water treatment system , comprising 'wherein said at least one filtration cassette comprises at least two linked filtration units;', 'at least one filtration cassette;'} wherein said at least one reverse osmosis cassette comprises at least two linked reverse osmosis cartridges;', said first and said second manifold each having two channels;', 'said first mainfold flowing input water into said at least two reverse osmosis cartridges in a first channel;', 'said first manifold flowing permeate water away from said at least one reverse osmosis cartridge in a second channel;', 'said second manifold flowing concentrate water away from said at least two reverse osmosis cartridges;, 'said at least two reverse osmosis cartridges fluidly connected by at least one first manifold and by at least one second manifold'}], 'at least one reverse osmosis cassette;'}at least one pump;a frame; andat least one bypass unit.2. The water treatment system of further comprising a storage tank.3. The water treatment system of wherein said storage tank is a hydropneumatic tank.4. The water treatment system of wherein said tank holds from about 30 gallons to about 100 gallons of water.5. The water treatment system of wherein said tank is maintained from about 75 psi to about 80 psi when said tank is full.6. The water treatment system of wherein said tan7. The water treatment system of claim 1 , comprising a unit that transmits realtime information about the status of said system.8. The water treatment system of wherein said at least one reverse osmosis cartridge of each said at least one cassette are in parallel9. The water treatment system of wherein said bypass unit comprises an outlet claim 1 , an inlet claim 1 , at least one flow meter and at least one sensor.10. The water treatment system of ...

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29-01-2015 дата публикации

BACKWASHABLE FILTRATION ELEMENT

Номер: US20150027948A1
Принадлежит:

A planar filtration element includes a planar support structure () and at least one filtration layer () made of a membrane material. The planar support structure has first and second opposite outer surfaces () spaced apart and secured by spacing members () to define a drainage compartment () between the first and second outer surfaces. At least one of the first and second outer surfaces includes through-openings () for fluid connection with the drainage compartment (), and wherein the outer surfaces (), when one disregards the through-openings, are formed of a material extending continuously throughout the outer surfaces. The filtration layer () coats the outer surface such that the membrane material penetrates the through-openings () to anchor the filtration layer () to the support structure (). 1. A planar filtration element , comprising a planar support structure and at least one filtration layer made of a membrane material , wherein the planar support structure comprises first and second opposite outer surface layers spaced apart and secured to each other at a multitude of points distributed throughout the support structure by spacing members extending between the first and second outer surface layers , thus defining a drainage compartment between said first and second outer surface layers , the drainage compartment is configured to drain filtrate , wherein at least one of said first and second outer surface layers comprises through-openings in fluid connection with the drainage compartment , wherein the through-openings are distributed throughout the outer surface layers and are free of internal connections between one another within the outer surface layer ,wherein said at least one outer surface layer, except for the through-openings, is formed of a material extending continuously throughout the outer surface layer,and wherein the at least one filtration layer covers the at least one outer surface layer including the through-openings,wherein the membrane ...

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23-01-2020 дата публикации

Four-way valve for backflush filter system

Номер: US20200025298A1
Автор: Gaowen MAO
Принадлежит: Individual

A four-way valve for a backflush filter system comprises a valve body ( 3 ) and a rotating valve core ( 2 ) having a valve rod at one end of a central shaft. A valve core port IV ( 16 ) is arranged at the other end of the central shaft of the valve core ( 2 ). Three ports are arranged in the radial direction of the valve core ( 2 ): a valve core port I ( 13 ), a valve core port II ( 14 ) and a valve core port III ( 15 ). The valve body ( 3 ) encasing the valve core ( 2 ) also has four ports. Three radial ports are respectively a valve body port I ( 9 ), a valve body port II ( 10 ) and a valve body port III ( 11 ), and the other port is an axial valve body port IV ( 12 ). By increasing the sizes of the relevant ports and sealing end surfaces, the four-way valve solves the problems that a backflush effect is affected by insufficient inflow rate during backflush of a four-way valve in the prior art, the distribution of the relative positions of three ports of the valve body is single, and sealing is difficult.

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02-02-2017 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR POINT OF USE/POINT OF ENTRY WATER TREATMENT

Номер: US20170028356A1
Принадлежит:

Water treatment systems and methods are provided to beneficially use the concentrate stream for other, non-potable, use. Embodiments of the invention use the distribution pressure to drive the membrane process and are configured in line with household plumbing so the concentrate is directed through the treatment system but bypassing the treatment mechanism to other uses in the building. In embodiments of this system, only the purified water that is needed for potable consumption is extracted from the water with the rest proceeding to its intended destination at the same pressure. 1. A water treatment system , comprising:a vessel configured to hold a volume of a liquid containing membrane foulants, the vessel having an inlet and a permeate outlet, the vessel installed in line with a water feed line; anda membrane element disposed within the pressure vessel, the membrane element having one or more membrane sheets spaced apart at a spacing from about 1 mm to about 8 mm; andan antifouling apparatus configured to deliver a supply of antifouling particles to the liquid, wherein the antifouling particles are configured to coat membrane surfaces of the membrane element to form a protective layer that attracts and holds membrane foulants while allowing passage of permeate through the membrane element;wherein the spacing of the membrane sheets of the membrane element is configured to reduce a longitudinal head loss of the water feed such that a concentrate stream maintains a preselected distribution pressure.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the membrane element is a spiral-wound membrane element.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the membrane element is a reverse-osmosis or nanofiltration membrane element.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the antifouling particles have a specific surface area of 10 m/g or more.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the antifouling particles have a specific surface area of 30 m/g or more.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the antifouling ...

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04-02-2016 дата публикации

CONTAINER WITH BIOFILM FORMATION-INHIBITING MICROORGANISMS IMMOBILIZED THEREIN AND MEMBRANE WATER TREATMENT APPARATUS USING THE SAME

Номер: US20160030890A1
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure relates to a technique for inhibiting biofouling of the surface of a membrane caused by a biofilm, through immobilizing biofilm formation-inhibiting microorganisms to a container in a membrane water treatment process. The present disclosure provides a non-hollow/hollow columnar or sheet-like permeable carrier with flowability owing to submerged aeration and a container with biofilm formation-inhibiting microorganisms immobilized therein, comprising biofilm formation-inhibiting microorganisms immobilized in the carrier. The present disclosure also provides a membrane water treatment apparatus comprising a reactor accommodating water to be treated, a membrane module for water treatment and a container with biofilm formation-inhibiting microorganisms immobilized therein placed in the reactor. 1. A container with biofilm formation-inhibiting microorganisms immobilized therein , comprising a columnar or sheet-like permeable carrier having fluidisability through submerged aeration and biofilm formation-inhibiting microorganisms immobilized in the carrier.2. The container with biofilm formation-inhibiting microorganisms immobilized therein according to claim 1 , wherein the permeable carrier is a circular columnar carrier.3. The container with biofilm formation-inhibiting microorganisms immobilized therein according to claim 1 , wherein the permeable carrier is a hollow columnar carrier.4. The container with biofilm formation-inhibiting microorganisms immobilized therein according to claim 1 , wherein the columnar permeable carrier has an aspect ratio of around 5-500 claim 1 , the aspect ratio being a ratio of a maximum diameter of a cross-section to length thereof.5. The container with biofilm formation-inhibiting microorganisms immobilized therein according to claim 1 , wherein the sheet-like permeable carrier has a ratio of surface area to volume (SAN) of around 5-1 claim 1 ,000 mm.6. The container with biofilm formation-inhibiting microorganisms ...

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01-02-2018 дата публикации

FILTRATION UNIT

Номер: US20180028981A1
Принадлежит: Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.

A filtration unit includes a plurality of filtration modules and a piping unit. Each filtration module includes a plurality of hollow fiber membranes extending in a vertical direction and arranged side by side in a form of a plate, and a first water collector having a linear shape that is connected to upper openings of the hollow fiber membranes and through which filtered liquid that has permeated into each hollow fiber membrane flows. The piping unit is connected to the first water collectors of the filtration modules. The filtration modules are arranged in two rows and in a striped pattern in each row. The piping unit includes two combining pipes that are arranged parallel to each other and that are connected to outer end portions of the first water collectors of the filtration modules in each row by first connection pipes. 1. A filtration unit comprising:a plurality of filtration modules, each including a plurality of hollow fiber membranes extending in a vertical direction and arranged side by side in a form of a plate and a first water collector having a linear shape that is connected to upper openings of the hollow fiber membranes and through which filtered liquid that has permeated into each hollow fiber membrane flows; anda piping unit connected to the first water collectors of the filtration modules,wherein the filtration modules are arranged in two rows and in a striped pattern in each row, andwherein the piping unit includes two combining pipes that are arranged parallel to each other and that are connected to outer end portions of the first water collectors of the filtration modules in each row by first connection pipes.2. The filtration unit according to claim 1 , wherein each filtration module includes a second water collector having a linear shape that is connected to lower openings of the hollow fiber membranes and through which the filtered liquid that has permeated into each hollow fiber membrane flows claim 1 , andwherein the piping unit includes ...

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01-02-2018 дата публикации

CONTAINER WITH BIOFILM FORMATION-INHIBITING MICROORGANISMS IMMOBILIZED THEREIN AND MEMBRANE WATER TREATMENT APPARATUS USING THE SAME

Номер: US20180028982A1
Принадлежит: SNU R&DB FOUNDATION

The present disclosure relates to a technique for inhibiting biofouling of the surface of a membrane caused by a biofilm, through immobilizing biofilm formation-inhibiting microorganisms to a container in a membrane water treatment process. The present disclosure provides a non-hollow/hollow columnar or sheet-like permeable carrier with flowability owing to submerged aeration and a container with biofilm formation-inhibiting microorganisms immobilized therein, comprising biofilm formation-inhibiting microorganisms immobilized in the carrier. The present disclosure also provides a membrane water treatment apparatus comprising a reactor accommodating water to be treated, a membrane module for water treatment and a container with biofilm formation-inhibiting microorganisms immobilized therein placed in the reactor. 1. A membrane bio-reactor (MBR) process for water treatment , comprising:contacting water to be treated with microorganisms for biological water treatment; andfiltering the biologically treated water through the membrane in the presence of a container comprising a permeable carrier and biofilm formation-inhibiting microorganisms, other than the microorganisms for biological water treatment, immobilized in the carrier,wherein the biofilm formation-inhibiting microorganisms inhibit quorum sensing of the microorganisms for biological water treatment responsible for biofilm formation on a surface of the membrane; andwherein the permeable carrier comprises a hydrogel and has fluidisability through submerged aeration.2. A membrane bio-reactor (MBR) process for water treatment according to claim 1 , wherein the permeable carrier is a spherical in shape.3. A membrane bio-reactor (MBR) process for water treatment according to claim 1 , wherein the permeable carrier is a columnar or sheet-like in shape.4. A membrane bio-reactor (MBR) process for water treatment according to claim 3 , wherein the permeable carrier is a circular columnar in shape.5. A membrane bio- ...

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31-01-2019 дата публикации

Filtration apparatus

Номер: US20190030487A1
Автор: Vincent -
Принадлежит: Wateroam Pte Ltd

Various embodiments relate generally to a filtration apparatus. The filtration apparatus may include a filtration module having an inner longitudinal chamber and an outer annular chamber surrounding the inner longitudinal chamber. The filtration module may further include a base module coupled to an end of the filtration module, and an integrated check valve module coupled to a corresponding end of the inner longitudinal chamber of the filtration module through the base module. The base module and the integrated check valve module may be configured to define an annular base chamber adjacent to a corresponding end of the outer annular chamber of the filtration module. The integrated check valve module may include a housing having a first port for external fluid communication, a second port to interface with the annular base chamber and a third port to interface with the inner longitudinal chamber.

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31-01-2019 дата публикации

Scale inhibitor for reverse osmosis membranes and reverse osmosis membrane treatment method

Номер: US20190030489A1
Автор: Kazuki Ishii
Принадлежит: Kurita Water Industries ltd

Provided is a scale inhibitor for RO membranes which effectively inhibits the precipitation of calcium carbonate in an RO membrane treatment without increasing the phosphorus concentration in effluent and which can be used even in the RO membrane treatment of feed in which high-M-alkalinity concentrate having a calcium hardness level of 100 to 600 mg/L-CaCO3 and an M alkalinity of 1000 to 16000 mg-CaCO3/L is produced. A scale inhibitor for reverse osmosis membranes which inhibits the formation of calcium carbonate scale in an RO membrane treatment, the scale inhibitor including components (A) and (B) below. An RO membrane treatment method including adding the scale inhibitor for RO membranes to RO feed. Component (A): Terpolymer of maleic acid, an acrylic acid alkyl ester, and vinyl acetate, Component (B): Homopolymer of carboxylic acid

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01-05-2014 дата публикации

Hollow fiber membrane module repair method and hollow fiber membrane module

Номер: US20140116935A1
Принадлежит: Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd

This repair method for a hollow fiber membrane module is a method for repairing a leaking section occurring in the hollow fiber membrane module, the repair method having a repair step for using a repair adhesive that hardens due to a composite curing function that comprises a moisture-curing function and a photo-curing function, to repair the leaking section.

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04-02-2021 дата публикации

Reverse Osmosis Membrane with Hydrogel Coating

Номер: US20210031149A1
Принадлежит: Nl Chemical Technology Inc

A reverse osmosis membrane is disclosed that has a hydrogel disposed on its surface, wherein the hydrogel is formed from a crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone or a copolymer of vinyl pyrrolidone. The hydrogel-coated membrane resists fouling by feed water contaminants. The permeate flux rate and salt rejection of the underlying membrane are not negatively affected by the hydrogel coating.

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04-02-2021 дата публикации

METHODS OF MEMBRANE-BASED PROTEOMIC SAMPLE PREPARATION

Номер: US20210033505A1
Принадлежит: CHILDREN'S MEDICAL CENTER CORPORATION

A method for rapid isolation of a biological compound (e.g. protein) from an aqueous sample is described herein. The method uses a porous hydrophobic membrane that has an average pore size significantly greater than the size of the biological compound. The method permits the biological compound to attach to the membrane while the aqueous solvent rapidly moves through the membrane under the application of a vacuum. The biological compound that is attached to the membrane can be washed, optionally digested, and eluted for analysis. 1. A method of separating a biological compound from an aqueous sample containing the biological compound , the method comprising:(i) introducing the aqueous sample to a well of a plate, wherein the well has a bottom comprising a porous hydrophobic membrane, and the sample is in contact with a first side of the porous hydrophobic membrane;(ii) applying a vacuum to a second side of the porous hydrophobic membrane, thereby drawing the aqueous sample through the porous hydrophobic membrane, wherein the biological compound associates with the porous hydrophobic membrane as aqueous solvent passes through; and(iii) introducing a solvent solution to the first side of the porous hydrophobic membrane to elute the biological compound from the porous hydrophobic membrane.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biological compound is a peptide or polypeptide.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising moving the hydrophobic membrane to a separate container after step (ii).4. The method of any of - claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 , after step (ii) claim 1 , a step of introducing a solution comprising a proteolytic enzyme to the first side of the porous hydrophobic membrane claim 1 , thereby permitting the biological compound to be digested by the enzyme.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the proteolytic enzyme is trypsin.6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the solution introduced after step (ii) comprises an organic solvent.7. The method of claim 6 ...

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08-02-2018 дата публикации

Continuous Liquid Desiccant Dehumidification System

Номер: US20180036675A1
Принадлежит: Ngee Ann Polytechnic

This invention relates to a system for continuously dehumidifying humid gas. More particularly, this invention relates to a system that continuously dehumidifies gas using a liquid desiccant dehumidifying module, a regeneration modules utilizing a membrane distillation module to regenerate diluted liquid desiccant and means for connecting the two modules together.

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08-02-2018 дата публикации

Method for Fouling Reduction in Membrane Based Fluid-Flow Processes, and Device Capable of Performing Such Method

Номер: US20180036685A1
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a method for fouling reduction and/or fouling removal and/or prevention of fouling in membrane based fluid-flow processes, such as ED, RED, EDR, CDI, fuel cells, filtration, flow batteries, and a device capable of performing such methods. The method comprises the steps of: —providing a dynamic membrane stack with a number of membranes, the stack capable of changing the average inter-membrane distance between two adjacent membranes with the inter-membrane distance being the distance between the membrane surfaces of two adjacent membranes; —performing the membrane based fluid-flow process in a first state with the stack having a first set of average inter-membrane distances; —switching the membrane based fluid-flow process between the first state and a second state wherein the stack having a second set of average inter-membrane distances different from the first set; and —performing the membrane based fluid-flow process in the second state, wherein, at least in an initiating phase, fouling is removed and/or reduced and/or prevented. 1. Method for fouling reduction and/or fouling removal and/or prevention of fouling in membrane based fluid-flow processes , comprising the steps of:providing a dynamic membrane stack with a number of membranes, the stack capable of changing the average inter-membrane distance between two adjacent membranes with the inter-membrane distance being the distance between the membrane surfaces of two adjacent membranes;performing the membrane based fluid-flow process in a first state with the stack having a first set of average inter-membrane distances;switching the membrane based fluid-flow process between the first state and a second state wherein the stack having a second set of average inter-membrane distances different from the first set; andperforming the membrane based fluid-flow process in the second state, wherein, at least in an initiating phase, fouling is removed and/or reduced and/or prevented.2. Method ...

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08-02-2018 дата публикации

CONVERSION OF MEDIA FILTER INTO MEMBRANE GRAVITY FILTER

Номер: US20180037473A1
Принадлежит:

A conventional media filter such as a gravity sand filter is converted into a membrane filter. The media is removed and replaced by immersed membrane modules. Transmembrane pressure is created by a static head pressure differential, without a suction pump, thereby creating a membrane gravity filter (MGF). Preferred operating parameters include transmembrane pressure of 5-20 kPa, 1-3 backwashes per day, and a flux of 10-20 L/m/h. The membranes are dosed with chlorine or another oxidant, preferably at 700 minutes*mg/L as Clequivalent per week or less. The small oxidant does is believed to provide a porous biofilm or fouling layer without substantially removing the layer. The media filter may be modified so that backwash wastewater is removed from near the bottom of the tank rather than through backwash troughs above the membrane modules. Membrane integrity testing may be done while the tank is emptied after a backwash. 1. A process for operating immersed membranes comprising steps of ,{'b': 14', '112, 'sub': '2', 'filtering water through the membranes (, ) at a flux of 20 L/m/h or less; and,'}{'sub': '2', 'backwashing the membranes with water containing an oxidant so as to expose the membranes to a weekly dosage of 700 minutes*mg/L of oxidant as Cl, or less.'}2. The process of wherein the membranes are backwashed not more than 5 times per day.3. The process of wherein the membranes are not treated to regenerative recovery cleaning over a period of at least 6 months.4. The process of comprising creating transmembrane pressure of not more than 20 kPa through the membranes by gravity.5. The process of comprising filtering water through the membranes at a flux of 15 L/m/h or less.6. The process of comprising backwashing the membranes with water containing an oxidant so as to expose the membranes to a weekly dosage of 500 minutes*mg/L of oxidant as Cl claim 1 , or less.7. The process of wherein the oxidant is dosed in an amount effective to provide a more porous biofilm or ...

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12-02-2015 дата публикации

Desalination system and method

Номер: US20150041322A1
Принадлежит: General Electric Co

A desalination system comprises a silica removal unit. The silica removal unit comprises first and second electrodes, a plurality of ion exchange membranes disposed between the first and second electrodes and a plurality of spacers disposed between adjacent ion exchange membranes and between the first and second electrodes and the respective ion exchange membranes. The plurality of the ion exchange membranes comprises a pair of cation exchange membranes and a pair of anion exchange membranes disposed between the pair of cation exchange membranes. A first channel is defined between the anion exchange membranes and second and third channels are defined between each anion exchange membrane and an adjacent cation exchange membrane. A silica removal apparatus and a desalination method are also presented.

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07-02-2019 дата публикации

METHOD FOR CONTROLLING OPERATION OF REVERSE OSMOSIS MEMBRANE APPARATUS AND REVERSE OSMOSIS MEMBRANE TREATMENT SYSTEM

Номер: US20190039022A1
Принадлежит:

The formation of scale in a reverse osmosis membrane apparatus is reduced at low water temperatures without the necessity of pH adjustment or addition of a scale dispersant to continue a consistent operation for a long period of time. The operation of a reverse osmosis membrane apparatus is controlled on the basis of the concentration of aluminum ions and/or iron ions in the feed to the reverse osmosis membrane apparatus and/or the concentrate from the reverse osmosis membrane apparatus. Not only silica but also aluminum ions and iron ions that are also present in the water significantly affect the reduction in the flux of a reverse osmosis membrane which is caused by silica scale. It is necessary to appropriately control the concentration of aluminum ions and/or iron ions in the feed and/or the concentrate to consistently operate a reverse osmosis membrane apparatus for a long period of time. 1. A method for controlling operation of a reverse osmosis membrane apparatus , in which raw water is treated through the reverse osmosis membrane apparatus ,wherein the reverse osmosis membrane apparatus is controlled on the basis of concentration of aluminum ions and/or iron ions in water fed to the reverse osmosis membrane apparatus (hereinafter, this water is referred to as “feed”) and/or concentrate from the reverse osmosis membrane apparatus.2. The method for controlling operation of a reverse osmosis membrane apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein one or more items selected from 1) to 9) below are controlled on the basis of the concentration of aluminum ions and/or iron ions in the feed and/or the concentrate.1) Suitability of raw water as the feed2) Temperature of the feed3) Concentration rate or recovery rate of the reverse osmosis membrane apparatus4) Pressure at which the feed is fed to the reverse osmosis membrane apparatus, pressure of the concentrate, or pressure of treated water from the reverse osmosis membrane apparatus5) Flow rate of the concentrate6) ...

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07-02-2019 дата публикации

Filter unit

Номер: US20190039025A1
Принадлежит: Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd

An object of the present invention is to provide a filter unit in which hollow fiber membranes can be effectively cleaned. A filter unit of the present invention includes a plurality of filtration modules and one or more air bubble generation modules that supply bubbles to the filtration modules from below. Each filtration modules includes a plurality of hollow fiber membranes extending in an up-down direction and arranged side by side in a curtain shape and which are arranged at intervals. The one or more air bubble generation modules supply coarse bubbles to the filtration modules.

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07-02-2019 дата публикации

Process for the preparation of an aqueous solution comprising at least one earth alkali hydrogen carbonate

Номер: US20190039922A1
Принадлежит: Omya International AG

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of an aqueous solution comprising at least one earth alkali hydrogen carbonate, a process for the mineralization and/or stabilization of water as well as the use of the aqueous solution comprising at least one earth alkali hydrogen carbonate obtained by the process for the mineralization and/or stabilization of water.

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06-02-2020 дата публикации

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR WATER FILTRATION USING DISCARDED DIALYZERS

Номер: US20200038812A1
Принадлежит: Nufiltration Ltd.

A connector for connecting a dialyzer to a hole in a side wall of a water pipe, the connector including a connector body including a cavity crossing the connector body from a first end of the connector body to a second end, for enabling water flow from the first end to the second end, wherein the cavity at the first end is shaped and sized for pressing onto a port of a dialyzer, and the cavity at the second end is shaped and sized for pressing into a hole in a side wall of a water pipe. In a water filtration system including dialyzers for water filtration, a method of cleaning a dialyzer including providing clean water from a clean water output of one first dialyzer to a clean water output of one second dialyzer, to backwash the second dialyzer. Related apparatus and methods are also described. 129-. (canceled)30. In a water filtration system comprising dialyzers for water filtration , a method of cleaning a dialyzer comprising providing clean water from a clean water output of one first dialyzer to a clean water output of one second dialyzer , to backwash the second dialyzer.31. The method of claim 30 , wherein the providing clean water from a clean water output comprises providing clean water from a clean water output of a first plurality of dialyzers to a clean water output of a second plurality of dialyzers claim 30 , to backwash the second plurality of dialyzers claim 30 ,wherein a number of dialyzers included in the first plurality of dialyzers is not greater than a number of dialyzers in the second plurality of dialyzers.32. The method of claim 30 , wherein the providing clean water from a clean water output comprises providing clean water from a clean water output of a first plurality of dialyzers to a clean water output of a second plurality of dialyzers claim 30 , to backwash the second plurality of dialyzers claim 30 ,wherein a total membrane area of the first plurality of dialyzers is not greater than a total membrane area of the second plurality of ...

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12-02-2015 дата публикации

AGENT AND METHOD FOR CLEANING PERMEABLE MEMBRANES

Номер: US20150045276A1
Принадлежит: Kurita Water Industries ltd

The invention provides cleaning agents, cleaning liquids and cleaning methods that effectively remove contaminants which are impossible to remove sufficiently with conventional cleaning liquids at the occurrence of a decrease in performances such as permeation flux and salt rejection rate due to contamination of permeable membranes, in particular aromatic polyamide RO membranes used in water treatment. Permeable membranes are cleaned with a cleaning liquid which is an aqueous solution including a chloramine compound and an alkali agent and having a pH of 10 or above. The chloramine compound is preferably one obtained by mixing a compound having a primary amino group with hypochlorous acid and/or a hypochlorite. 1. A cleaning agent for permeable membranes , wherein the cleaning agent consists of an aqueous solution comprising a chloramine compound and an alkali agent and having a pH of 13 or above.2. The cleaning agent for permeable membranes according to claim 1 , wherein the aqueous solution has a pH of 13 or more and 15 or less.3. The cleaning agent for permeable membranes according to claim 1 , wherein the aqueous solution has a concentration of the chloramine compound of 0.2 to 2 M and a concentration of the alkali agent of 1 to 3 M.4. The cleaning agent for permeable membranes according to claim 1 , wherein the chloramine compound includes monochlorosulfamic acid.5. The cleaning agent for permeable membranes according to claim 1 , wherein the chloramine compound is obtained by mixing one claim 1 , or two or more compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds having a primary amino group claim 1 , ammonia and ammonium salts (hereinafter claim 1 , referred to as “NHcompound(s)”) claim 1 , with hypochlorous acid and/or a hypochlorite.6. The cleaning agent for permeable membranes according to claim 5 , wherein the hypochlorous acid and/or the hypochlorite is mixed with the NHcompound in a Cl/N molar ratio of 0.1 to 1 wherein Clindicates the concentration ...

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18-02-2016 дата публикации

FILTRATION AND EMULSIFICATION DEVICE

Номер: US20160045871A1
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a device for the microfiltration, ultrafiltration, or nanofiltration and/or the emulsification of liquids. The device has at least one rotatable membrane medium, which has a filtrate/permeate side or a side facing a dispersed phase and a concentrate/retentate side or a side facing a coherent phase and which can be rotated in a container in order to produce a vacuum on an unfiltered liquid side or the side facing the coherent phase on partial regions of the at least one rotatable membrane medium in the container in small time segments at a frequency of 1-100 Hz. Said container has at least one feed for an unfiltered liquid or the coherent phase, at least one overflow for an unfiltered liquid or an emulsion, and at least one rotatable channel for filtrate/permeate drainage or feed of the dispersed phase, and a suction device, in particular in the manner of a suction strip or nozzle plate. The suction device has at least one suction strip or nozzle plate arranged parallel to the rotatable membrane medium or is such a suction strip or nozzle plate, which is attached at a distance of less than 0.1 to 10 mm from the membrane medium, and thus cleans non-permeating materials collected on the unfiltered liquid side during a filtration process from a surface of the membrane medium, or promotes drop formation of the dispersed phase exiting from a membrane surface on the side facing the coherent phase during an emulsification process. The invention further relates to uses of the device. 124.-. (canceled)25. A device for treatment of substances , comprising:at least one membrane medium comprising a first side configured to face an unfiltered phase of a substance and a second side configured to face a filtered phase of the substance; anda housing in which the membrane medium is stationary or adapted to be rotated, the housing comprising:at least one feed for the unfiltered phase of the substance,at least one overflow for the unfiltered phase of the ...

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18-02-2016 дата публикации

Filtration apparatus and method for cleaning filtration module

Номер: US20160045872A1
Автор: Hideki Kashihara
Принадлежит: Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd

Provided are a filtration apparatus and a method for cleaning a filtration module in which it is possible to maintain sufficiently high levels of filtration efficiency even when filtration is continued for a long time. A filtration apparatus includes a filtration module having a hollow-fiber membrane bundle in which a plurality of hollow-fiber membranes are bundled together; a filtration vessel that houses the filtration module; and a cleaning device that cleans the filtration module. The cleaning device includes an internal cleaning device which cleans the hollow-fiber membrane bundle from the inside by jetting wash water from the tip of an internal cleaning nozzle inserted into the hollow-fiber membrane bundle so as to generate an internal cleaning flow in the hollow-fiber membrane bundle. A method for cleaning a filtration module uses the filtration apparatus.

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18-02-2016 дата публикации

NANOCOMPOSITE MEMBRANES WITH ADVANCED ANTIFOULING PROPERTIES UNDER VISIBLE LIGHT IRRADIATION

Номер: US20160045874A1
Автор: Deng Baolin, Yin Jun

Nitrogen doped TiO(N—TiO) is used to fabricate Poly(vinylene fluoride) (PVDF)/N—TiOmixed matrix hollow fiber membranes (HFMs) through a phase inversion method to improve filtration efficiencies and antifouling properties. The membranes performances were evaluated based on the water permeability, humic acid (HA) rejection and antifouling properties. Resulting membranes showed brown color and improved hydrophilicity, especially under light irradiation. When compared to original PVDF and PVDF/P25 membrane, mixed matrix membranes containing N—TiOnanoparticles (NPs) showed clear photocatalytic activities under visible light irradiation. Also, membrane performance assessments indicated that PVDF/N—TiOmembranes possessed enhanced water flux, similar HA rejection (e.g., above 96%) and improved fouling resistance with PVDF membranes as a control. The results demonstrate the potential of the suggested methodology for development of membranes with improved water permeability and superior antifouling properties based on photo-degradation processes and photo-induced hydrophilicity enhancement driven by solar light as a renewable energy source. 1. Antifouling membranes for use in water treatment and materials separation , the membranes having integrating fillers with visible light photocatalytic activity comprising nitrogen-doped TiOnanoparticles used to produce Poly(vinylene fluoride) PVDF/N—TiOmixed matrix hollow fiber membranes (HFMs) which are activated by visible light , the membranes exhibiting an enhanced surface hydrophilicity compared to a PVDF membrane , and with the fillers also affecting a surface cleaning through a photodegradation process resulting from visible light irradiation so to enhance the fouling resistance of the membranes to organic materials and biomaterials compared to a PVDF membrane.2. The antifouling membranes of in which the nitrogen-doped TiOnanoparticles are blended in a phase inversion process to produce the Poly(vinylene fluoride) PVDF/N—TiOmixed ...

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18-02-2021 дата публикации

Device and method for purifying drinking water

Номер: US20210047207A1
Принадлежит: BWT AG

In order to improve the lifespan of the semi-permeable membrane or the yield of the reverse osmosis system in the treatment of drinking water by means of reverse osmosis, the invention provides a device for treating drinking water with at least one reverse osmosis vessel which is divided into at least two chambers by at least one semi-permeable membrane, wherein a first chamber has an inlet for the water to be treated and an outlet for the concentrate, and the second chamber has an outlet for the treated water, wherein the device comprises at least one pressure vessel which is connected to the outlet for the treated water via a line, wherein the device is designed in such a way that, in an idle state, treated water flows out of the pressure vessel, through the semi-permeable membrane and into the first chamber. 121.-. (canceled)22. A method for purifying drinking water , comprising:{'b': '11', 'conveying, during an extraction operation mode, drinking water to be purified through a semipermeable membrane () in reverse osmosis operation and separating the drinking water into permeate and concentrate;'}{'b': 4', '4, 'allowing, during an extraction stop, the permeate to flow into a pressure tank (), whereby a supply of permeate accumulates and is pressurized in the pressure tank (); and'}{'b': '11', 'backflushing, during an idle operation state, permeate accumulated in the pressure tank through the membrane () due to an overpressure and thereby displacing the concentrate on a concentrate side of the membrane and removing deposits that may be present on the concentrate side of the membrane.'}23. The method for purifying drinking water as claimed in claim 22 ,{'b': 11', '11, 'wherein a pressure difference across the semipermeable membrane () for conveying the permeate through the semipermeable membrane () is in a range between 0.05 bar and 1 bar.'}24. The method for purifying drinking water as claimed in claim 22 ,{'b': '11', 'wherein, on the concentrate side of the ...

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18-02-2016 дата публикации

INTELLIGENT FLUID FILTRATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Номер: US20160046503A1
Принадлежит:

A filtration system can comprise a pressure pump configured to apply a pressure on fluid flowing between a first chamber and a second chamber. The filtration system can also comprise a flow sensor configured to determine at least one parameter associated with fluid flowing across a membrane deposited between the first chamber and a second chamber. The filtration system can comprise a pressure sensor configured to determine pressure readings of the fluid flowing from the first chamber to the second chamber. The filtration system can comprise a filtration management system configured to cause the pressure pump to apply a constant pressure on fluid flowing across the membrane for a first predetermined time based on the pressure reading. The filtration management system can be configured to cause the pressure pump to reverse the fluid flow across the membrane based on the at least one parameter for a second predetermined time. 1. A method comprising:monitoring one or more parameters associated with one or more membranes of a filtration system;determining a condition of the one or more filters based on the monitored one or more parameters; andperforming one or more maintenance procedures based on the determined condition.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein monitoring is performed as an average of the full filtration system or by monitoring local performance parameters within the filtration system claim 1 , to detect spatial variability in individual filter fouling.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more parameters comprise one or more of a transfilter pressure drop claim 1 , a filtrate flow rate claim 1 , a filtrate turbidity claim 1 , a filtrate salinity claim 1 , a filtrate pH claim 1 , a filtrate color claim 1 , a filtrate hardness claim 1 , a filtrate total organic concentration claim 1 , a filtrate microbial count claim 1 , a feed microbial count claim 1 , a concentration of one or more predefined filtrate claim 1 , feed claim 1 , or concentrate ions claim ...

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16-02-2017 дата публикации

METHOD FOR OPERATING CLARIFYING-FILM MODULE

Номер: US20170043298A1
Принадлежит: Toray Industries, Inc.

In a method for operating a clarification membrane module the invention, either following steps is conducted after the position of the closed ends in the clarification membrane module is made above the position of the open ends therein: (a) closed-end high-position cleaning step A in which the outer side of the clarification membranes within the clarification membrane module is filled with liquid and air scrubbing is then performed by supplying a gas; (b) closed-end high-position cleaning step B in which air scrubbing is conducted by supplying a gas, while supplying liquid to the outer side of the clarification membranes within the clarification membrane module. 1. A method for operating a clarification membrane module which comprises external-pressure type hollow-fiber clarification membranes and in which water to be treated is passed through the clarification membranes from an outer side thereof toward an inner side thereof to obtain filtrate ,the clarification membranes each having a filtrate flow channel and having, at one end thereof, an open end where the filtrate flow channel is open and, at the other end, a closed end where the filtrate flow channel is closed,the method comprising: performing a filtration step in which while keeping the clarification membranes so that a position of the open ends is above a position of the closed ends, water to be treated is filtrated from the other side to the inner side of each clarification membrane and the filtrate obtained is taken out through the open ends; and performing closed-end high-position cleaning step after making the position of the closed ends the position of the open ends, the closed-end high-position cleaning step being either the following step (a) or step (b):(a) closed-end high-position cleaning step A in which the outer side of the clarification membranes within the clarification membrane module is filled with liquid and air scrubbing is then performed by supplying a gas;(b) closed-end high-position ...

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15-02-2018 дата публикации

LOCALIZING NANOPORE FABRICATION ON A MEMBRANE BY LASER ILLUMINATION DURING CONTROLLED BREAKDOWN

Номер: US20180043310A1
Принадлежит: THE UNIVERSITY OF OTTAWA

A method for fabricating a nanopore at a particular location in a membrane includes controlling a dielectric strength of the membrane at a particular location on the membrane while applying one of an electric potential or an electric current to the membrane, monitoring an electrical property across the membrane while one of the electric potential or the electric current is being applied across the membrane, detecting an abrupt change in the electrical property across the membrane while one of the electric potential or the electric current is being applied across the membrane; and removing the electric potential or the electric current from the membrane in response to detecting the abrupt change in the electrical property. 1. A method for fabricating a nanopore at a particular location in a membrane comprised of at least one dielectric material , the method comprising:controlling a dielectric strength of the membrane at a particular location on the membrane while applying one of an electric potential or an electric current to the membrane;monitoring an electrical property across the membrane while one of the electric potential or the electric current is being applied across the membrane;detecting an abrupt change in the electrical property across the membrane while one of the electric potential or the electric current is being applied across the membrane; andremoving the electric potential or the electric current from the membrane; in response to detecting the abrupt change in the electrical property.2. The method of wherein the controlling dielectric strength of the membrane further comprises directing a laser beam onto the particular location on the membrane.3. The method of further comprises removing the laser beam from the particular location on the membrane in response to detecting the abrupt change in the electrical property across the membrane.4. The method of wherein the one of the electric potential or the electric current is applied after the laser beam is ...

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19-02-2015 дата публикации

Methods for Cleaning Membranes used for Filtering Chemicals

Номер: US20150050598A1

A method includes performing a first cleaning step to clean a membrane, wherein during the first cleaning step, a first solvent passes through the membrane. After the first cleaning step, a second cleaning step is performed to clean the membrane. During the second cleaning step, a second solvent passes through the membrane. The first solvent and the second solvent are in different groups among three solvent groups, wherein the three solvent groups include a non-polar solvent group, a polar aprotic solvent group, and a polar protic solvent group. 1. A method comprising:performing a first cleaning step to clean a membrane, wherein during the first cleaning step, a first solvent passes through the membrane; andafter the first cleaning step, performing a second cleaning step to clean the membrane, wherein during the second cleaning step, a second solvent passes through the membrane, wherein the first solvent and the second solvent are in different groups among three solvent groups, and wherein the three solvent groups include a non-polar solvent group, a polar aprotic solvent group, and a polar protic solvent group.2. The method of further comprising filtering a photo resist using the membrane claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises performing a photolithography process using the filtered photo resist.3. The method of further comprising:after the second cleaning step, performing a third cleaning step on the membrane, wherein during the third cleaning step, a third solvent passes through the membrane, and wherein the first solvent, the second solvent, and the third solvent are in different groups among the three solvent groups.4. The method of further comprising claim 1 , after the first and the second cleaning steps claim 1 , flushing the membrane with water.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first solvent is selected from the non-polar solvent group claim 1 , and the second solvent is selected from the polar aprotic solvent group or the polar protic solvent ...

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19-02-2015 дата публикации

Method of sterilizing separation membrane module, method of producing chemical by continuous fermentation, and membrane separation-type continuous fermentation apparatus

Номер: US20150050694A1
Принадлежит: TORAY INDUSTRIES INC

A method of sterilizing a separation membrane module using water vapor includes: a liquid supplying step of supplying a liquid having a boiling point of 80° C. or higher at atmospheric pressure to a secondary side of the separation membrane module such that a filling ratio of the liquid in a space surrounded by a filtration portion of a separation membrane is 70% or more, the filtration portion being used for filtration; a liquid sealing step of isolating the secondary side of the separation membrane module such that the filling ratio of the liquid supplied to the secondary side in the liquid supplying step is 70% or more; and a sterilization step of sterilizing the separation membrane module by supplying water vapor to a primary side of the separation membrane module while the secondary side of the separation membrane module is isolated.

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03-03-2022 дата публикации

TECHNIQUES FOR MANAGING SCALE FORMATION IN WATER FILTRATION SYSTEMS AND A REVERSE OSMOSIS (RO) AND NANOFILTRATION (NF) SYSTEM IMPLEMENTING SAME

Номер: US20220064021A1
Автор: SMITH Stanton Russell
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure is directed to filtering technologies that combine elements of continuous and batch NF/RO based on the constraints of the end-user facility to achieve a target balance between, for instance, recovery and power consumption, and to reduce long term operating cost of a plant. A method for extending batch operation into a second induction period with antiscalant injection is also disclosed herein, with the second induction period allowing for yet higher water recovery. 1. A method of operating a filtration system , the filtration system having at least one inlet fluidly coupled to at least one feed stream , at least one filter membrane fluidly coupled to the at least one inlet to receive feed water from the at least one feed stream , and at least one pump to generate a pressure to displace the feed water from the at least one feed stream into the at least one filter membrane and produce an output permeate stream , the method comprising:causing a first driving signal to be provided to the at least one pump to cause the generated pressure to produce the output permeate stream at a recovery rate that is substantially equal to a first target recovery rate during a first period of time, the first target recovery rate being greater than a maximum non-scaling recovery rate for the at least one filter membrane and less than 100%.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:causing a second driving signal to be provided to the at least one pump to cause the generated pressure to produce the output permeate stream at a recovery rate substantially equal to a second target recovery rate during a second period of time.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the second target recovery rate is equal to or less than a maximum non-scaling recovery rate for the at least one filter membrane or wherein the second target recovery rate is greater than the maximum non-scaling recovery rate for the at least one filter membrane.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the second ...

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14-02-2019 дата публикации

Multipurpose Membrane Cell Stack and Method of Manufacturing the Same

Номер: US20190046928A1
Автор: Van Engelen Johannes
Принадлежит: FUJIFILM MANUFACTURING EUROPE B.V.

Membrane cell stack arrangement comprising a housing, a stack of membranes defining flow compartments and a fluid manifold system, wherein the direction of flow through the flow compartments is different to the direction of flow through entry and exit openings and the width of the entry and exit openings are each larger than 45% of the width of the flow compartment. 1. A membrane cell stack arrangement , comprisinga housing having a central axis;a stack of membranes, each membrane comprising a major membrane surface and being enclosed by the housing with the major membrane surface arranged substantially perpendicular to the central axis;the membrane cell stack arrangement further comprising a plurality of flow compartments each interposed at least in part between two adjacent membranes, wherein each flow compartment comprises an inflow channel, an outflow channel, and a main flow channel extending between the inflow channel and the outflow channel,the inflow channel, the outflow channel and the main flow channel having a major inflow direction, a major outflow direction and a major main flow direction, respectively, wherein the major inflow direction and the major outflow direction are arranged at respective predetermined angles to the major main flow direction in a plane parallel to the major membrane surface,each inflow channel comprising an entry opening and each outflow channel comprising an exit opening,the membrane cell stack arrangement further comprising an internal fluid manifold system in communication with respective entry openings and exit openings of the inflow channels and outflow channels of the plurality of flow compartments, wherein the main flow channel has a main flow channel width, the entry opening has a width and the exit opening has a width, wherein entry opening width and exit opening width are each larger than 45% of the main flow channel width.2. The membrane cell stack arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of ...

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14-02-2019 дата публикации

MEMBRANE FILTRATION DEVICE, FILTRATION MEMBRANE CLEANING METHOD, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING FILTRATION MEMBRANE

Номер: US20190046930A1
Принадлежит: Mitsubishi Electric Corporation

A membrane filtration device including a filtration mode for filtrating water to be treated by passing the water to be treated from a primary side to a secondary side of a filtration membrane and a filtration membrane cleaning mode for cleaning the filtration membrane by passing ozone water from the secondary side to the primary side of the filtration membrane, wherein the membrane filtration device includes an inter-membrane differential pressure controller for controlling an inter-membrane differential pressure ΔP, and is configured such that in the filtration membrane cleaning mode, the inter-membrane differential pressure controller performs control to gradually lower the inter-membrane differential pressure ΔP twin a predetermined initial differential pressure ΔP1 to a final differential ΔP2, which is a value lower than the ΔP1. 1: A membrane filtration device having a filtration mode in which by passing water to be treated from a primary side to a secondary side of a filtration membrane , the water to be treated is filtrated , and a filtration membrane cleaning mode in which by passing ozone water from the secondary side to the primary side of the filtration membrane , the filtration membrane is cleaned , andcomprising an inter-membrane differential pressure controller which controls an inter-membrane differential pressure ΔP which is a differential between liquid pressure at the primary side of the filtration membrane and liquid pressure at the secondary side of the filtration membrane,{'sub': 1', '2', '1, 'wherein in the filtration membrane cleaning mode the inter-membrane differential pressure controller controls to gradually decrease the inter-membrane differential pressure ΔP from an initial differential pressure ΔPwhich is set in advance to a final differential pressure ΔPwhich is a value smaller than a value of the P.'}2: The membrane filtration device according to claim 1 , wherein the inter-membrane differential pressure controller controls the inter- ...

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25-02-2016 дата публикации

CENTRAL BAFFLE AND PRESSURE-TYPE HOLLOW FIBER MEMBRANE MODULE COMPRISING THE SAME AND ITS CLEANING METHOD

Номер: US20160051936A1
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure relates to a structure of a pressure-type hollow fiber membrane module and its cleaning method, and more particularly, to a pressure-type hollow fiber membrane module with a central baffle in which the central baffle has a cylindrical shape with a hollow inside the module. The module includes an air zone with at least one backwash hole passing therethrough and a water zone with at least one backwash hole passing therethrough. The central baffle is installed on the same axis as a concentration part at the center of the pressure-type hollow fiber membrane module to allow a uniform flow of concentrated water and cleaning air in all directions. 1. A central baffle of a cylindrical shape having a hollow inside , the central baffle comprising:an air zone with at least one backwash hole passing therethrough regularly or irregularly on an outer circumference of the air zone; anda water zone with at least one backwash hole passing therethrough regularly or irregularly on an outer circumference of the water zone.2. The central baffle according to claim 1 , wherein a size of the backwash hole formed passing therethrough on the outer circumference of the air zone is larger than a size of the backwash hole formed passing therethrough on the water zone.3. The central baffle according to claim 1 , wherein an area of the water zone is larger than an area of the air zone.4. A pressure-type hollow fiber membrane module comprising an inlet part of raw water claim 1 , a concentration part of treated water claim 1 , and a filtration part claim 1 ,{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'wherein the central baffle defined in is located in a module housing on the same axis as the concentration part provided at one end of the pressure-type hollow fiber membrane module, the inlet part of raw water is provided at the other end of the module housing, and the filtration part is provided on a side of the concentration part.'}5. The pressure-type hollow fiber ...

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25-02-2016 дата публикации

METHOD FOR CLEANING HOLLOW FIBER MEMBRANE MODULE

Номер: US20160051937A1
Принадлежит: Toray Industries, Inc.

An efficient method is provided for cleaning hollow fiber membrane modules, the method being capable of efficiently removing substances accumulated inside hollow fiber membrane modules. The internal liquid on the raw liquid side of the hollow fiber membrane module () is discharged from a lower end face nozzle () of the hollow fiber membrane module () while air-cleaning is performed. The method for cleaning hollow fiber membrane modules is characterized in that the rate of liquid discharge from the lower end face nozzle of the hollow fiber membrane module () when discharging the internal liquid from the lower end face nozzle is adjusted so that the air supplied from the lower end face nozzle of the hollow fiber membrane module () through the aeration holes is supplied to the hollow fiber membrane module (). 1. A method for cleaning a hollow fiber membrane module , the module comprising: a cylindrical case having , in a side face thereof , an upper side face nozzle and a lower side face nozzle , having , in an upper end face , an upper end face nozzle and having , in a lower end face , a lower end face nozzle; and a hollow fiber membrane bundle comprising a plurality of hollow fiber membranes and inserted into the cylindrical case , wherein: in an upper end portion of the hollow fiber membrane bundle , an upper membrane-bonded section is formed , the section being bonded and fixed to the cylindrical case with an adhesive in a state where respective end faces of the hollow fiber membranes are opened; in a lower end portion of the hollow fiber membrane bundle , a lower membrane-bonded section is formed , the section being bonded and fixed to the cylindrical case with an adhesive in a state where respective end faces of the hollow fiber membranes are closed; and a plurality of aeration holes are made in the lower membrane-bonded section; and in the method , while air is supplied through the lower end face nozzle , an internal liquid inside the cylindrical case is ...

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25-02-2021 дата публикации

Membrane cleaning device and membrane cleaning method

Номер: US20210053014A1
Принадлежит: Mitsubishi Electric Corp

The membrane cleaning device uses treated water filtered through an MBR separation membrane as dissolution water, and performs a first process of dissolving ozone gas in the dissolution water under a neutral or alkaline condition, and a second process of dissolving ozone gas in the dissolution water under an acidic condition, to generate ozone water. At this time, whether to shift from the first process to the second process is determined on the basis of the organic substance concentration in the dissolution water, and whether to start feeding the ozone water to the separation membrane is determined on the basis of the dissolved ozone concentration in the dissolution water. Therefore, even when the organic substance concentration in the dissolution water varies depending on the MBR operation conditions, the treatment times in the first process and the second process can be optimized.

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13-02-2020 дата публикации

HIGH RECOVERY INTEGRATED UF/RO SYSTEM

Номер: US20200047126A1
Автор: PEICHEL John Thomas
Принадлежит:

This specification describes membrane based filtration and softening systems and methods. A system has a microfiltration or ultrafiltration (MF/UF) membrane unit upstream of a nanofiltration or reverse osmosis (NF/RO) membrane unit, optionally with no intermediate tank. In some cases, the system and method may be used with feed water provided at municipal line pressure to the membranes. NF/RO permeate is collected in a tank and then pumped to a header. Treated water may be drawn from the header for use or recycled to the system, for example to backwash or flush one or both of the membrane units. In a combined process, NF/RO permeate flushes the feed side of the NF/RO unit and then backwashes the MF/UF unit. In another process, the MF/UF unit and NF/RO unit are filled with NF/RO permeate before being placed in a standby mode. 1. A water softening system adapted for use in a building with a municipal water supply at a line pressure comprising ,a microfiltration or ultrafiltration (MF/UF) membrane unit connected to the municipal water supply;a nanofiltration or reverse osmosis (NF/RO) membrane unit connected to a permeate outlet of the MF/UF unit;a tank connected to a permeate outlet of the NF/RO unit;a pump having an inlet connected to the tank; and,a header connected to the outlet of the pump and adapted to supply water pressurized by the pump to the building.2. The system of wherein the permeate outlet of the MF/UF unit is connected to the NF/RO unit without an intervening tank.3. The system of wherein the header is connected to the inlet of the MF/UF unit.4. The system of wherein the header is connected to the inlet of the NF/RO unit.5. The system of wherein a retentate outlet of the NF/RO unit is connected to the permeate outlet of the MF/UF unit.6. The system of wherein the system can be configured to temporarily provide a flow path from the header through the feed side of the NF/RO unit and to the permeate side of the MF/UF unit.7. The system of wherein the ...

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26-02-2015 дата публикации

Desalination system

Номер: US20150053596A1
Принадлежит: HITACHI LTD

There is provided a desalination system capable of monitoring a situation of a semipermeable membrane element in real time. A desalination system 15 includes a plurality of semipermeable membrane elements 10 accommodated in series in a pressure vessel 12 , a first intake port 22 for intake of filtrate water from an upstream semipermeable membrane element 10 in the pressure vessel 12 , a second intake port 26 for intake of filtrate water from a downstream semipermeable membrane element 10 in the pressure vessel 12 , and a supervisory controller 18 that outputs an index correlated with fouling on the semipermeable membrane element 10 based on at least one of first water quantity 46 , first water quality 48 , second water quantity 52 , and second water quality 54 , the first water quantity 46 and first water quality 48 being quantity and quality of the filtrate water from the first intake port 22 , and the second water quantity 52 and second water quality 54 being quantity and quality of the filtrate water from the second intake port 26.

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