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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Форма поиска

Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
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Применить Всего найдено 3726. Отображено 100.
08-03-2012 дата публикации

Carrier element, biological water treatment system and their use, and method for biologically treating waste water

Номер: US20120055870A1
Автор: Mikko Siivonen, Petri Pajuniemi
Принадлежит: Individual

The invention relates to a carrier element for an aerobic biological water treatment system. The carrier element has a first end and a second end at a distance from each other, the maximum diameter of the first end being larger than the maximum diameter of the second end. It also has biofilm growing surface structures that extend from the first end to the second end and from inner part of the element towards periphery of the element and at least two support structures that encircle the growing surface structures at the periphery of the element and connect the growing surface structures to each other. The support structures define the outer boundary surface of the carrier element, whereby the support structures are spaced from each other so that apertures allowing access to the biofilm growing surface structures are formed between the support structures. The invention relates also to a water treatment system employing the carrier elements.

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Номер записи: 1
22-03-2012 дата публикации

Apparatus, systems and methods for mass transfer of gases into liquids

Номер: US20120067427A1
Автор: Evan E. Koslow
Принадлежит: Individual

An apparatus for mass transfer of a gas into a liquid, including a tank that defines a chamber for receiving the gas, and at least one surface provided within the chamber. Each surface has an inner region, an outer region and an edge adjacent the outer region. Each surface is configured to receive the liquid at the inner region and rotate such that the liquid flows on the surface from the inner region to the outer region, and, upon reaching the edge of the surface, separates to form liquid particles that move outwardly through the gas in the chamber. The liquid particles are sized so that the gas is absorbed by the liquid particles to produce a mixed liquid saturated with the gas during a brief flight time of the liquid particles through the chamber.

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Номер записи: 2
22-03-2012 дата публикации

Methods and Apparatus for Enhanced Gas Distribution

Номер: US20120068111A1
Автор: Ashfaq Shaikh
Принадлежит: Eastman Chemical Co

Methods and apparatus for introducing a gas into the reaction zone of a reactor. Such methods and apparatus can more evenly distribute the gas throughout the reaction zone. Spargers for introducing a gas into the reaction zone of a reactor can be employed in systems and methods for carrying out the liquid-phase oxidation of an oxidizable compound, such as para-xylene.

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Номер записи: 3
14-03-2013 дата публикации

Method and device for the metered addition of fluids into reaction vessels

Номер: US20130064738A1
Автор: Andreas MÄCHLER, Christine Schnetz, Fritz Bircher, Manfred Schär, Philipp Haslebacher, Stefan Berger
Принадлежит: RESEACHEM GmbH

Proposed is a metering device ( 87, 54 ) for introducing a fluid ( 31 ) into a reaction vessel such as, for example, a bioreactor ( 2 ). The metering device according to the disclosure comprises a closure element ( 89 ) for closing the reaction vessel, at least one drop generator ( 33 ) arranged in the closure element, and a feed line ( 91 ) serving for feeding the fluid to the at least one drop generator. The drop generator comprises a nozzle ( 36 ) for dispensing the fluid into the reaction vessel, and a valve ( 35 ). In the closed state, the valve disconnects the nozzle from the feed line. The drop generator is suitable for generating individual drops of the fluid.

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Номер записи: 4
21-03-2013 дата публикации

MOLTEN METAL REACTORS

Номер: US20130071292A1
Автор: Bingham Dennis N., Klingler Kerry M., Turner Terry D., Wilding Bruce M.
Принадлежит: BATTELLE ENERGY ALLIANCE, LLC

A molten metal reactor for converting a carbon material and steam into a gas comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide is disclosed. The reactor includes an interior crucible having a portion contained within an exterior crucible. The interior crucible includes an inlet and an outlet; the outlet leads to the exterior crucible and may comprise a diffuser. The exterior crucible may contain a molten alkaline metal compound. Contained between the exterior crucible and the interior crucible is at least one baffle. 1. A molten metal reactor , comprising:an exterior crucible member having a vent;an interior crucible member having a portion contained within the exterior crucible member, the interior crucible member having an inlet and an outlet, the outlet comprising a diffuser; andat least one baffle contained between the interior crucible member and the exterior crucible member.2. The molten metal reactor of claim 1 , further comprising at least one filter contained between the interior crucible member and the exterior crucible member.3. The molten metal reactor of claim 1 , further comprising a molten alkaline metal compound contained between the interior crucible member and the exterior crucible member.4. The molten metal reactor of claim 3 , further comprising at least one temperature sensor positioned to measure the temperature within the molten alkaline metal compound.5. The molten metal reactor of claim 1 , further comprising at least one temperature sensor positioned to measure a temperature between the interior crucible and the exterior crucible.6. The molten metal reactor of claim 1 , further comprising an ion control screen contained between the interior crucible member and the exterior crucible member.7. The molten metal reactor of claim 1 , further comprising a heater adjacent to an exterior surface of the exterior crucible member.8. The molten metal reactor of claim 1 , further comprising an exterior crucible outlet and an exterior crucible ...

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Номер записи: 5
11-04-2013 дата публикации

Gas-Liquid Contactor

Номер: US20130089480A1
Автор: David John Parkinson, Kevin E. Collier, Theodore E. Dickinson
Принадлежит: Specialist Process Tech Ltd

A contactor for reacting a flow of gas with a liquid, comprises a vessel, a first chamber in the vessel and a second chamber in the vessel, the first and second chambers being linked only by a porous wall, and means for directing ultrasonic noise into at least one of the first and second chambers.

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Номер записи: 6
20-06-2013 дата публикации

Integrated Process For Steam Cracking

Номер: US20130156656A1
Автор: Brown Stephen H., Davis S. Mark, DiNicolantonio Arthur R., Keusenkothen Paul F., Liou Jiunn-Shyan, Stell Richard C., Waldrop John J.
Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc.

This invention relates to a process and system for cracking hydrocarbon feedstock containing vacuum resid comprising: (a) subjecting a vacuum resid to a first thermal conversion in a thermal conversion reactor (such as delayed coker, fluid coker, Flexicoker™, visbreaker and catalytic hydrovisbreaker) where at least 30 wt % of the vacuum resid is converted to material boiling below 1050° F. (566° C.); (b) introducing said thermally converted resid to a vapor/liquid separator, said separator being integrated into a steam cracking furnace, to form a vapor phase and liquid phase; (c) passing said vapor phase to the radiant furnace in said steam cracking furnace; and (d) recovering at least 30 wt % olefins from the material exiting the radiant furnace (based upon the weight of the total hydrocarbon material exiting the radiant furnace). 135.-. (canceled)36. A system for cracking hydrocarbon feedstock containing vacuum resid comprising:a) a first thermal conversion zone operating at a temperature of less than 649° C. selected from the group consisting of: a delayed coker, a fluid coker, a Flexicoker™, a visbreaker or a catalytic hydrovisbreaker, said first thermal conversion zone in fluid communication with b) a steam cracking furnace having a vapor/liquid separator in fluid communication with said furnace.37. The system of claim 36 , further comprising a second a vapor/liquid separator in fluid communication with said thermal conversion zone.38. The system of claim 36 , wherein the first thermal conversion zone is a fluidized coker comprising:i) a fluidized bed gasifier,ii) a transfer line reactor comprising a hydrocarbon feed inlet in fluid communication with a lower portion of said separator, and a pyrolysis product outlet line,iii) a solids conduit connecting a lower portion of said fluidized bed gasifier with said transfer line reactor, andiv) at least one cyclone separator having an inlet connected to said pyrolysis product outlet line, a cracked product outlet at a ...

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Номер записи: 7
04-07-2013 дата публикации

Horizontal High-Pressure Melamine Reactor

Номер: US20130172555A1
Автор: Schadt Arne, Schlesinger Robert
Принадлежит: BOREALIS AGROLINZ MELAMINE GMBH

A high-pressure melamine reactor is provided. The high-pressure melamine reactor comprising at least one horizontal reactor body having a bottom and a top side with at least one dome integrally formed on the top side of the reactor body. The at least one horizontal reactor body comprises at least two compartments separated by at least one baffle, in particular an overflow baffle. The at least one dome is solely located above at least one of the compartments serving as melamine synthesis unit, wherein the at least one compartment serving as melamine synthesis unit comprises at least one heating element. 114-. (canceled)15. A high-pressure melamine reactor comprising:at least one horizontal reactor body having a bottom and a top side with at least one dome integrally formed on the top side of the reactor body, whereinthe at least one horizontal reactor body comprises at least two compartments separated by at least one baffle, in particular an overflow baffle,the at least one dome is solely located above at least one of the compartments serving as a melamine synthesis unit, andthe at least one compartment serving as a melamine synthesis unit comprises at least one heating element.16. The reactor according to claim 15 , wherein the at least one dome serves as a scrubber unit.17. The reactor according to claim 15 , wherein the second of the compartments serves as a stripping unit.18. The reactor according claim 15 , wherein the dimensions of the dome correspond to the dimensions of the melamine synthesis compartment such that the dome covers fully or at least partially said compartment.19. The reactor according to claim 15 , wherein the dome has a diameter between 1 m and 5 m claim 15 , preferably between 1 m and 3 m claim 15 , in particular preferably between 1 m and 2 m.20. The reactor according to claim 15 , wherein the at least one dome has a height between 1 and 10 m claim 15 , preferably 3 and 8 m claim 15 , in particular preferably between 4 and 6 m.21. The ...

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Номер записи: 8
18-07-2013 дата публикации

Isothermal reactor for hydrocarbon nitration

Номер: US20130183206A1
Автор: Daniel M. Trauth
Принадлежит: Angus Chemical Co

Disclosed are a process and an apparatus for synthesizing nitroalkanes by reaction of a hydrocarbon feedstock with aqueous nitric acid. By using an isothermal reactor with multiple input ports for aqueous nitric acid, a hydrocarbon feedstock may be sequentially exposed to a plurality of flows of aqueous nitric acid as it flows through the reactor.

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Номер записи: 9
01-08-2013 дата публикации

Device for Producing Gas Hydrate

Номер: US20130195730A1
Автор: Hayase Tetsuo, Ohya Nobutaka, Takahashi Masahiro, Tokunaga Noriya
Принадлежит: MITSUI ENGINEERING & SHIPBUILDING CO., LTD.

To enable long-term continuous operation by preventing blocking of a reaction pipe line disposed in a multi-pipe or double-walled-pipe heat exchanger, provided is a device for producing gas hydrate including a multi-pipe or double-walled-pipe device for generating gas hydrate having a reaction pipe line for flowing raw material water w and raw material gas g and a coolant circulation region for circulating a coolant c and thereby cooling the reaction pipe line , wherein a coil spring extending in the longitudinal direction of the reaction pipe line is provided in the reaction pipe line 1. A device for producing gas hydrate , comprising:a multi-pipe or double-walled-pipe device for generating gas hydrate having a reaction pipe line for flowing raw material water and raw material gas and a coolant circulation region for circulating a coolant and thereby cooling the reaction pipe line, characterized in thata coil spring extending in the longitudinal direction of the reaction pipe line is provided in the reaction pipe line.2. A device for producing gas hydrate , comprising:a multi-pipe or double-walled-pipe device for generating gas hydrate having a reaction pipe line for flowing raw material water and raw material gas and a coolant circulation region for circulating a coolant and thereby cooling the reaction pipe line, characterized in thata coil spring extending in the longitudinal direction of the reaction pipe line is provided in the reaction pipe line, andthe raw material gas is merged with the raw material water on a side upstream of the reaction pipe line.3. A device for producing gas hydrate , comprising:a multi-pipe or double-walled-pipe device for generating gas hydrate having a reaction pipe line for flowing raw material water and raw material gas and a coolant circulation region for circulating a coolant and thereby cooling the reaction pipe line, characterized in thata coil spring extending in the longitudinal direction of the reaction pipe line is provided ...

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Номер записи: 10
01-08-2013 дата публикации

Suspended-slurry reactor

Номер: US20130197109A1
Автор: Karim M. Ayman, Paul H. Humble, Ward E. Tegrotenhuis, Yong Wang
Принадлежит: Battelle Memorial Institute Inc

An apparatus for generating a large volume of gas from a liquid stream is disclosed. The apparatus includes a first channel through which the liquid stream passes. The apparatus also includes a layer of catalyst particles suspended in a solid slurry for generating gas from the liquid stream. The apparatus further includes a second channel through which a mixture of converted liquid and generated gas passes. A heat exchange channel heats the liquid stream. A wicking structure located in the second channel separates the gas generated from the converted liquid.

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Номер записи: 11
22-08-2013 дата публикации

Process For Nitroalkane Recovery By Aqueous Phase Recycle To Nitration Reactor

Номер: US20130216443A1
Автор: Pendergast John G., Sawant Mahesh, Trauth Daniel M.
Принадлежит:

Disclosed are a process and an apparatus for synthesizing nitroalkanes by reaction of a hydrocarbon feedstock with aqueous nitric acid. Energy and capital costs may be reduced by recycling a majority of the aqueous phase back to the reactor. 1. An apparatus for synthesizing at least one nitroalkane , the apparatus comprising:a reactor for reacting a hydrocarbon feedstock with aqueous nitric acid to produce a reaction product stream;a cooling system for quenching the reaction product stream such that it phase separates into at least a gas phase, an oil phase, and an aqueous phase;a divider for dividing the aqueous phase into a first aqueous stream and a second aqueous stream;a recycling system for returning the first aqueous stream to the reactor; anda recovery system for recovering the at least one nitroalkane from at least one of the oil phase and the second aqueous stream.2. An apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the reactor the reactor is a downflow configured reactor.3. An apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising an absorber for absorbing water-soluble and oil-soluble components from the gas phase into the oil phase and the second aqueous stream to form a gas-recovered mixture. The invention relates to a process for synthesizing nitroalkanes. More specifically, the invention relates to a process for improved nitroalkane recovery in which an aqueous phase is recycled back to the nitration reactor.The nitration of hydrocarbons generally involves the distillation of both an oil phase and an aqueous phase. However, this process requires large energy and capital expenditures.In conventional vapor phase nitration schemes, described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,780,115 and 3,869,253, the reactor effluent is rapidly quenched and the quenched mixture is sent to a separator. The gas phase is then withdrawn for purification and recycling and the aqueous phase and the oil phase are separated by decantation and treated simultaneously to recover the desired ...

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Номер записи: 12
12-09-2013 дата публикации

DOUBLE HELIX TYPE GAS HYDRATE REACTOR

Номер: US20130236368A1
Автор: Kim Joung Ha, Lee Jin Woo, Lee Ju Dong, Park Kyeong Nam
Принадлежит: Korea Institute of Industrial Technology

A double helix gas hydrate reactor is disclosed. The reactor includes an inlet port () into which water and gas are supplied, an outlet port () disposed opposite the inlet port, a hollow jacket () extending from the inlet port to the outlet port, a hollow outer helix () installed in the hollow jacket, and an inner helix () installed in the outer helix. The gas and water that are supplied into the inlet port react with each other to form gas hydrate in a channel defined between the inner helix and the hollow jacket. 1. A double helix gas hydrate reactor , comprising:an inlet port into which water and gas are supplied;an outlet port disposed opposite the inlet port;a hollow jacket extending from the inlet port to the outlet port;a hollow outer helix installed in the hollow jacket; andan inner helix installed in the outer helix,wherein the gas and water that are supplied into the inlet port react with each other to form gas hydrate in a channel defined between the inner helix and the hollow jacket,the outer helix and the inner helix rotate in a same direction, anda winding direction of an outer helix blade of the outer helix is opposite to a winding direction of an inner helix blade of the inner helix.2. The double helix gas hydrate reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the channel comprises:an outer channel formed between the hollow jacket and the outer helix; andan inner channel formed between the outer helix and the inner helix,the outer channel communicating with the inner channel at a position adjacent to the inlet port.3. The double helix gas hydrate reactor according to claim 2 , wherein fluid in the outer channel flows in a direction from the inlet port to the outlet port because of rotation of the outer helix claim 2 , andfluid in the inner channel flows in a direction from the outer port to the inlet port because of rotation of the inner helix.4. The double helix gas hydrate reactor according to claim 3 , wherein the outer helix has at least one opening at a ...

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Номер записи: 13
19-09-2013 дата публикации

HIGH SHEAR HYDROGENATION OF WAX AND OIL MIXTURES

Номер: US20130243671A1
Автор: Anthony Rayford G., Borsinger Gregory G., HASSAN Abbas, Hassan Aziz
Принадлежит: H R D Corporation

A system for producing enhanced wax alternatives, including a high shear device comprising a rotor and a stator, and configured to process petroleum wax and base oil with a hydrogen-containing gas under shearing conditions to form a feedstock, wherein at least one of the rotor and the stator comprises a toothed surface; and a reactor comprising a reactor inlet and a reactor outlet, and configured for hydrogenation of the feedstock for a time sufficient to produce enhanced hydrogenated products, wherein the high shear device is in fluid communication with the reactor, whereby the feedstock is transferable therebetween. 1. A system for producing enhanced wax alternatives , the system comprising:a high shear device comprising a rotor and a stator, wherein the high shear device is configured to process petroleum wax and base oil with a hydrogen-containing gas under shearing conditions to form a feedstock, and wherein at least one of the rotor and the stator comprises a toothed surface; anda reactor comprising a reactor inlet and a reactor outlet, and configured for hydrogenation of the feedstock for a time sufficient to produce enhanced hydrogenated products,wherein the high shear device is in fluid communication with the reactor, whereby the feedstock is transferable therebetween.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the high shear device comprises at least one catalytic surface.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the rotor and the stator are separated by a shear gap claim 1 , wherein the shear gap is the minimum distance between the rotor and the stator claim 1 , and wherein the shear gap is in the range of from about 0.0254 mm to about 3.175 mm.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the high shear device is configured to provide a shear rate in the range of from about 20 claim 1 ,000 sto about 1 claim 1 ,600 claim 1 ,000 s.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the feedstock comprises gas bubbles with an average bubble diameter of less than about 5 μm.6. The system of claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 14
24-10-2013 дата публикации

THERMOCHEMICAL SYSTEM HAVING A MODULAR CONNECTION

Номер: US20130280140A1
Автор: Dutruy Laurent, Kindbeiter Francis, Rigaud Laurent
Принадлежит: COLDWAY

A thermochemical system having a reactor or a chamber for storing a reactive material capable of absorbing a gas that is taken into the reactor by a diffuser placed along the longitudinal axis of the latter. The reactive material and the gas are such that, when placed in the presence of each other, same are subjected to a reaction causing the reactive material to absorb the gas, and conversely, same are subjected to a reaction for desorbing the gas, absorbed by the reactive material, by heating applied to the latter when it has absorbed gas. The diffuser includes a gas supply mechanism, a mechanism for dispensing the gas into the reactive material, a filtration mechanism, and a heating mechanism. The various mechanisms form a sub-assembly that is attached onto the housing of the reactor by a sealing element. 1. Thermochemical system of the type comprising a reactor , or a storage enclosure of a reaction product capable of absorbing a gas , which is admitted into the reactor through a diffuser arranged along the longitudinal axis thereof , wherein the reaction product and the gas are such that when placed in the presence of each other they undergo a chemical reaction having the effect of gas absorption by the reaction product and , conversely , they undergo a reverse chemical reaction of desorption of the gas absorbed by the reaction product under the effect of heating applied to the latter when it has absorbed the gas , characterized in that the diffuser comprises the gas supply means , means for distributing the gas in the reaction product , filtering means , and heating means , said different means forming a subassembly which is fixed to the casing of the reactor by a closure member.2. Thermochemical system of characterized in that the shape and volume of said sub-assembly are such that it is capable of being introduced into the reactor through an orifice which is closable by the valve member once introduction has been performed.3. Thermochemical system according ...

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Номер записи: 15
31-10-2013 дата публикации

THIN FILM TUBE REACTOR

Номер: US20130289282A1
Автор: Raston Colin L.
Принадлежит: The University of Western Australia

A thin film tube reactor comprising a tube having a longitudinal axis, an inner cylindrical surface, a closed end and an open end, wherein the tube is rotatable about the longitudinal axis and wherein the angle of the longitudinal axis relative to the horizontal is variable between about 0 degrees and about 90 degrees. 1. A thin film tube reactor comprising a tube having a longitudinal axis , an inner cylindrical surface , a closed end and an open end , wherein the tube is rotatable about the longitudinal axis and wherein the angle of the longitudinal axis relative to the horizontal is variable between about 0 degrees and about 90 degrees.2. A thin film tube reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the angle of the longitudinal axis relative to the horizontal is variable between greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees.3. A thin film tube reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the tube is substantially cylindrical or comprises at least a portion that is tapered.4. A thin film tube reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the tube comprises a lip adjacent to the open end.5. A thin film tube reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the speed of rotation of the tube about the longitudinal axis is variable.6. A thin film tube reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the thin film tube reactor comprises means for supplying at least one reactant to the tube.7. A thin film tube reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the inner surface of the tube comprises surface structures or aberrations.8. A thin film tube reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the thin film tube reactor comprises means for introducing a gas to the tube.9. A thin film tube reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the thin film tube reactor comprises means for removing a gas from the tube.10. A thin film tube reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the reactor comprises at least one jacket surrounding at least a portion of the tube claim 1 , adapted to provide heating and/or cooling to the tube.11. A thin ...

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Номер записи: 16
16-01-2014 дата публикации

Apparatus for generating 1-methylcyclopropene

Номер: US20140017134A1
Автор: Jin Wook Chung, Sang Ku Yoo
Принадлежит: ERUM BIOTECHNOLOGIES Inc

Provided is an apparatus for generating 1-methylcyclopropene. The apparatus of the present invention may enable the immediate and convenient generation of 1-methylcyclopropene in a desired location using stable 1-methylcyclopropene precursors.

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Номер записи: 17
06-03-2014 дата публикации

Fluid treatment apparatus

Номер: US20140061027A1
Автор: Graham Tyrie, Neil Polwart, Steve Barfield
Принадлежит: Albagaia Ltd

A fluid treatment apparatus comprising: a reactor vessel defining a chamber and having an inlet and an outlet to allow fluid to flow through the chamber; a UV light source adapted to transmit light within the chamber; and a plurality of catalyst members comprising a catalytic outer surface, the catalyst members being freely contained within the chamber, wherein the apparatus is adapted to cause the catalyst members to move around within the chamber as fluid flows through the chamber.

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Номер записи: 18
07-01-2021 дата публикации

Microdroplet/bubble-producing device

Номер: US20210001340A1
Автор: Naotomo TOTTORI, Takasi Nisisako
Принадлежит: Tokyo Institute of Technology NUC

The invention provides a microdroplet- or bubble-producing device that does not require separate through-holes for different liquid droplet/air bubble-producing flow channels. The droplet-producing flow channels are configured in a three-dimensional manner unlike in a conventional device where they are configured in a two-dimensional plane, and therefore the flow channels can be provided in a more high-density configuration than the prior art. In the microdroplet/bubble-producing device comprising slit(s) and the row of the plurality of microflow channels, the slit(s) is/are a continuous phase supply slit, a dispersion phase supply slit and a discharge slit, the plurality of microflow channels are configured so that the ends of the slit(s) and the two supply ports on both sides or the supply port and discharge port on either side are mutually connected, and at the sites of connection between the microflow channels and the slit(s), the dispersion phase undergoes shear with the continuous phase flow as the driving force, producing droplets or air bubbles of the dispersion phase, which are recovered from the discharge port.

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Номер записи: 19
03-01-2019 дата публикации

Cylindrical reactor and use thereof for continuous hydroformylation

Номер: US20190001298A1
Автор: Hans-Gunter Thelen, Jens Rudolph, Oliver Bey, Oliver Christian GOBIN, Rainer Papp
Принадлежит: BASF SE

Proposed is a cylindrical reactor ( 1 ) having a vertical longitudinal axis for continuous hydroformylation of a C 6 -C 20 -olefin or a mixture of C 6 -C 20 -olefins with synthesis gas in the presence of a homogeneously dissolved metal carbonyl complex catalyst, having a multiplicity of Field tubes ( 2 ) which are oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis of the reactor ( 1 ) and welded into a tube plate at the upper end of the reactor ( 1 ), having a circulation tube ( 3 ) open at both ends which envelops the Field tubes ( 2 ) and at its lower end projects beyond said tubes, having a jet nozzle ( 4 ) at the bottom of the reactor ( 1 ) for injecting the reactant mixture comprising the C 6 -C 20 -olefin, the synthesis gas and the metal carbonyl complex catalyst, wherein the Field tubes ( 2 ) are configured in terms of their number and their dimensions such that the total heat exchanger area of said tubes per unit internal volume of the reactor is in the range from 1 m 2 /m 3 to 11 m 2 /m 3 and the cross sectional area occupied by the Field tubes ( 2 ) per unit cross sectional area of the circulation tube ( 3 ) is in the range from 0.03 m 2 /m 2 to 0.30 m 2 /m 2 , a gas distributor ring ( 5 ) is provided at the lower end of the circulation tube ( 3 ), at the inner wall thereof, via which a substream of the synthesis gas is feedable, and wherein one or more distributor trays ( 6 ) are provided in the circulation tube ( 3 ).

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Номер записи: 20
27-01-2022 дата публикации

BORON NITRIDE NANOTUBE SYNTHESIS VIA DIRECT INDUCTION

Номер: US20220024764A1
Автор: JORDAN Kevin C., SMITH Michael W., STEVENS Jonathan C., WHITNEY R. Roy
Принадлежит:

High quality, catalyst-free boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) that are long, flexible, have few wall molecules and few defects in the crystalline structure, can be efficiently produced by a process driven primarily by Direct Induction. Secondary Direct Induction coils, Direct Current heaters, lasers, and electric arcs can provide additional heating to tailor the processes and enhance the quality of the BNNTs while reducing impurities. Heating the initial boron feed stock to temperatures causing it to act as an electrical conductor can be achieved by including refractory metals in the initial boron feed stock, and providing additional heat via lasers or electric arcs. Direct Induction processes may be energy efficient and sustainable for indefinite period of time. Careful heat and gas flow profile management may be used to enhance production of high quality BNNT at significant production rates. 1. A process for synthesizing boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) , the process comprising:feeding gas containing nitrogen to a chamber in a first direction;pre-heating a boron feedstock in the chamber to form an electrically conductive boron material;supplying power to a Direct Induction coil surrounding the electrically conductive boron material;heating the electrically conductive boron material through induction heating from tine Direct Induction coil to form a boron melt;wherein boron and boron-nitrogen evaporate from the boron melt in the first direction, and BNNTs self-assemble from the evaporated boron and boron-nitrogen downstream from the boron melt in the first direction.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein pre-heating the boron feedstock to form an electrically conductive boron material comprises heating the boron feedstock to a temperature above 800° C. and below the melting temperature of boron nitride.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein forming the boron melt causes a portion of the nitrogen in the gas entering the chamber to dissolve in the boron melt and evaporate ...

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Номер записи: 21
09-01-2020 дата публикации

RING-OPENING POLYMERIZATIONS USING A FLOW REACTOR

Номер: US20200010610A1
Автор: Hedrick James L., Jones Gavin O., Lin Binhong, Park Nathaniel H., Piunova Victoria A., Waymouth Robert M., Zubarev Dmitry
Принадлежит:

Techniques regarding the synthesis of polyesters and/or polycarbonates through one or more ring-opening polymerizations conducted within a flow reactor and facilitated by a urea anion catalyst and/or a thiourea catalyst are provided. For example, one or more embodiments can comprise a method, which can comprise polymerizing, via a ring-opening polymerization within a flow reactor, a cyclic monomer in the presence an organocatalyst comprising a urea anion. 1. A method , comprising:polymerizing, via a ring-opening polymerization within a flow reactor, a cyclic monomer in the presence of an organocatalyst comprising a urea anion.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cyclic monomer is selected from a group consisting of a lactone monomer claim 1 , a cyclic carbonate monomer claim 1 , a substituted cyclic carbonate monomer claim 1 , a cyclic phospholane monomer claim 1 , a morpholinone monomer claim 1 , tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-thione claim 1 , oxepane-2-thione claim 1 , tetrahydrothiopyranone claim 1 , and 2-thiepanone.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the organocatalyst is derived from a chemical compound selected from a second group consisting of 1 claim 2 ,3-bis[3 claim 2 ,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]urea claim 2 , 1-[3 claim 2 ,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]urea claim 2 , 1-[3 claim 2 ,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-phenylurea claim 2 , 1-[3 claim 2 ,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-cyclohexylurea claim 2 , 1-phenyl-3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]urea claim 2 , 1 claim 2 ,3-diphenylurea claim 2 , and 1-cyclohexyl-3-phenylurea.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the urea anion is derived from a chemical reaction between the chemical compound and a chemical base claim 3 , wherein the chemical base is selected from a third group consisting of 1 claim 3 ,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0[undec-7-ene claim 3 , 7-methyl-] claim 3 ,5 claim 3 ,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene claim 3 , phosphazene bases claim 3 , ] claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,2-diazaphosphorin-2-amin ...

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Номер записи: 22
18-01-2018 дата публикации

Purified Silicon, Devices and Systems for Producing Same

Номер: US20180016151A1
Автор: Showalter M. Robert
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure provides devices and systems that utilize concurrent and countercurrent exchange platforms to produce purified silicon. 1. A device for purifying silicon comprising:a vessel having a top end, an opposing bottom end, and a sidewall extending between the opposing ends and defining a chamber;a silicon inlet at a top portion of the vessel for introducing molten silicon into the chamber;a gas injection structure at a bottom portion of the vessel, the gas injection structure having a plurality of orifices for introducing a gas comprising oxygen into the chamber in the form of bubbles, where introduction of the gas bubbles into the molten silicon oxidizes silicon at the outside of the bubbles and produces a plurality of in situ silica-walled gas filled beads in the chamber;a countercurrent exchange section located between the silicon inlet and the gas injection structure, the countercurrent exchange section comprising(1) a controlled downward flow of the molten silicon;(2) a controlled upward flow of the beads;wherein the countercurrent flow between the molten silicon and the silica-walled gas filled beads provides intimate high area contact between the down-flowing molten silicon and the up-flowing beads that enables impurities present in the molten silicon to transfer into the up-flowing silica walled gas filled beads so that the down-flowing molten silicon is purified.2. The device of wherein the transfer of impurities to the silica-walled gas filled beads convert the relatively pure bead silica walls initially formed by bubbling to less pure bead silica walls claim 1 , so that the plurality of up-flowing gas filled beads carry impurities upward as the molten silicon flows downward.3. The device of wherein the countercurrent exchange section has a volume and the volume comprises a packed bed the of beads and interstitial molten silicon.4. The device of wherein the countercurrent exchange section comprises from 20 vol % to 35 vol % molten silicon ...

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Номер записи: 23
21-01-2021 дата публикации

FLOW TYPE REACTION DEVICE

Номер: US20210016242A1
Автор: Sakai Kazuya, TOKUOKA Shinya
Принадлежит:

An object of the present invention is to provide a flow type reaction device which is capable of maintaining reaction efficiency and productivity which are sufficient for practical use for a long time, and reducing the size and cost of the reaction device, and the present invention provides a flow type reaction device () for continuously reacting two or more kinds of raw materials, including a mixing section () which is configured to mix two or more kinds of the raw materials, and a reaction section () which is provided on a secondary side with respect to the mixing section (), and configured to obtain a product by reacting two or more kinds of the raw materials, the mixing section () includes a mixing device () which is configured to mix two or more kinds of the raw materials, and two or more supply pipes (L, L) which are configured to supply each of two or more kinds of the raw materials to the mixing device (), the supply pipes (L, L) are respectively connected to the mixing device (), and at least one of the supply pipes (L) has, in the vicinity of a connection portion of the supply pipe (L) with the mixing device (), a suppression mechanism which is configured to suppress movement of a fluid from the mixing device () to the supply pipe (L). 1. A flow type reaction device for continuously reacting two or more kinds of raw materials ,wherein the flow type reaction device includes a mixing section which is configured to mix two or more kinds of the raw materials, and a reaction section which is provided on a secondary side with respect to the mixing section, and configured to obtain a product by reacting two or more kinds of the raw materials,the mixing section includes a mixing device which is configured to mix two or more kinds of the raw materials, and two or more supply pipes which are configured to supply each of two or more kinds of the raw materials to the mixing device,the supply pipes are respectively connected to the mixing device, and at least one of ...

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Номер записи: 24
18-01-2018 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR SAMPLING HALOSILANES

Номер: US20180017472A1
Автор: Wiederin Daniel R.
Принадлежит:

This disclosure is directed to a system and method relevant to sampling halosilanes or other water-reactive samples. In embodiments, a system for hydrolyzing samples includes a container with a receiving liquid (e.g., an HF solution) contained therein and an actuator coupled with the container. The actuator can be configured to rotate the container, thereby inducing a vortex in the receiving liquid. The system further includes a sample tube configured to direct a halosilane sample into the vortexed receiving liquid. The sample tube can be oriented to release the sample in a flow direction of the vortexed receiving liquid. 1. A system for hydrolyzing samples , comprising:a container with a receiving liquid contained therein;an actuator coupled with the container, the actuator being configured to rotate the container, thereby inducing a vortex in the receiving liquid; anda sample tube configured to direct a sample into the vortexed receiving liquid, wherein the sample tube is oriented to release the sample in a flow direction of the vortexed receiving liquid.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sample comprises a halosilane.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the receiving liquid comprises a hydrofluoric acid solution.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sample tube is configured to direct an inert gas into the vortexed receiving liquid prior to introduction of the sample.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein an end of the sample tube that directs the sample into the vortexed receiving liquid is tapered or coupled to a nozzle.6. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a second tube configured to direct an evaporation gas into the container.7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the evaporation gas comprises nitrogen.8. The system of claim 6 , wherein the evaporation gas is heated above an ambient temperature.9. The system of claim 6 , wherein the sample tube and the second tube are parallel to one another.10. The system of claim 6 , wherein the sample tube and the ...

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Номер записи: 25
16-01-2020 дата публикации

BORON NITRIDE NANOTUBE SYNTHESIS VIA DIRECT INDUCTION

Номер: US20200017360A1
Автор: JORDAN Kevin C., SMITH Michael W., STEVENS Jonathan C., WHITNEY R. Roy
Принадлежит:

High quality, catalyst-free boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) that are long, flexible, have few wall molecules and few defects in the crystalline structure, can be efficiently produced by a process driven primarily by Direct Induction. Secondary Direct Induction coils, Direct Current heaters, lasers, and electric arcs can provide additional heating to tailor the processes and enhance the quality of the BNNTs while reducing impurities. Heating the initial boron feed stock to temperatures causing it to act as an electrical conductor can be achieved by including refractory metals in the initial boron feed stock, and providing additional heat via lasers or electric arcs. Direct Induction processes may be energy efficient and sustainable for indefinite period of time. Careful heat and gas flow profile management may be used to enhance production of high quality BNNT at significant production rates. 1. An apparatus for synthesizing BNNTs through direct induction , the apparatus comprising: a chamber providing a boron feedstock mounting surface;a nitrogen gas supply system configured to feed nitrogen to the chamber in a first direction;a boron feedstock support; andan induction coil surrounding the boron feedstock support and configured to inductively heat an electrically conductive feedstock on the boron feedstock support.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:a growth zone region downstream of the boron feedstock support in the first direction, the growth zone region configured to allow BNNTs to self-assemble downstream of the boron feedstock support in the first direction.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the boron feedstock support comprises a crucible made of at least boron nitride.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the boron feedstock support comprises a water cooling channel.5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the concentrator surrounds the crucible.6. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the concentrator comprises an outer cylindrical portion of a ...

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Номер записи: 26
22-01-2015 дата публикации

Ozonization continuous reaction device and a working method thereof

Номер: US20150021279A1
Автор: Furong CHEN, Hao Hong, Jian Tao
Принадлежит: Individual

The invention discloses an ozonization continuous reaction device, comprising a raw material inlet, a raw material distributing device, one or plurality of single reaction tubes, a product outlet and an air vent. The first end of the raw material distributing device is communicated with the raw material inlet; the first end of one or plurality of single reaction tubes is communicated with the second end of the raw material distributing device; the product outlet is communicated with the second end of the single reaction tube; ozone is conveyed to the single reaction tube via the air vent. The ozonization continuous reaction device provided by the invention realizes the large-scale and continuous production of the ozonization reaction on the basis of guaranteeing security; as the single reaction tube is arranged, the ozone amount and the liquid raw material existing in the single reaction tube in unit time become fewer, the reaction security is greatly improved; in addition, the liquid raw material and the ozone are continuously fed into the reaction device, the exhaust gas and the products are continuously discharged from the reaction device, the accumulation of the ozone is prevented, the security is greatly guaranteed, and the production capacity also can be improved to a higher level.

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Номер записи: 27
24-01-2019 дата публикации

Device for Producing Particles and Method for Producing Particles

Номер: US20190022551A1
Автор: Doya Yo
Принадлежит: TSUKISHIMA KIKAI CO., LTD.

A method of producing particles by bringing plural dissimilar materials A and B into contact with each other includes feeding a liquid into a reactor from a first end portion of the reactor such that the liquid flows along the inner peripheral surface of the reactor and generating a vortex flow toward a second end portion in the reactor by the feed of the liquid; disposing a flow-assisting blade capable of rotating around the central axis line in the reactor and rotating the flow-assisting blade; and injecting materials to be contacted A and B into the reactor, discharging a contacted liquid from the second end portion of the reactor, and generating the particles in the contacted liquid. 1. A method of producing particles by bringing plural dissimilar materials into contact with each other , the method comprising:feeding a liquid into a reactor from a first end portion of the reactor such that the liquid flows along the inner peripheral surface of the reactor and generating a vortex flow toward a second end portion in the reactor by the feed of the liquid;disposing a flow-assisting blade capable of rotating around the central axis line in the reactor and rotating the flow-assisting blade; andinjecting materials to be contacted into the reactor, discharging a contacted liquid from the second end portion of the reactor, and generating particles in the contacted liquid.2. The method of producing particles according to claim 1 , wherein all or part of the contacted liquid discharged from the second end portion of the reactor is fed into the reactor from the first end portion of the reactor such that the liquid flows along the inner peripheral surface of the reactor.3. The method of producing particles according to claim 2 , wherein part of the contacted liquid is extracted from a circulation system that transfers the contacted liquid discharged from the second end portion of the reactor to the first end portion of the reactor claim 2 , and the particles are recovered by ...

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Номер записи: 28
29-01-2015 дата публикации

Plant for hydrogen peroxide production and process using it

Номер: US20150030505A1
Автор: Patrick Markus Dhaese, Stephen Bloomfield
Принадлежит: SOLVAY SA

A plant for producing hydrogen peroxide by an autoxidation process (AO-process) comprising hydrogenating an anthraquinone in a working solution, oxidizing the hydrogenated anthraquinone with oxygen to form hydrogen peroxide and extracting the hydrogen peroxide from the working solution, the plant comprising at least one skid mounted module selected from the group consisting of a skid mounted module comprising at least one hydrogenator (hydrogenation reactor) to hydrogenate the anthraquinone in the working solution (hydrogenation skid 1); a skid mounted module comprising at least one oxidizer (oxidation reactor) to oxidize the hydrogenated anthraquinone with oxygen to form hydrogen peroxide (oxidizer skid 2); optionally a skid mounted module comprising at least one means to compress air (process air compressor skid 3), to feed oxygen, in particular oxygen from the air, into an oxidizer of skid 2, and in case of presence of skid 3 a further skid mounted module comprising at least one means to recover the solvent (solvent recovery unit skid 4), in particular if oxygen from the air is used to feed oxygen into an oxidizer of skid 2; a skid mounted module comprising at least one means to extract the hydrogen peroxide from the working solution (extraction skid 5); a skid mounted module (skid 6), comprising at least one means to deliver hydrogen peroxide solution to the point of use and/or optionally to a storage tank optionally with additional means for adjusting the hydrogen peroxide concentration. Preferably the plant is a modular reactor system which is configured to operate without a reversion unit as a small-to-medium scale mini-AO process plant with a production capacity of hydrogen peroxide of up to 20 kilo tons per year and which can be controlled also remotely.

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Номер записи: 29
29-01-2015 дата публикации

Process for Solid-State Polycondensation

Номер: US20150031850A1
Автор: Christel Andreas
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a method as well as an apparatus for fixed phase polycondensation of polyesters, preferably polyethylene terephthalate and/or copolymers thereof, characterised in that the fixed phase polycondensation is performed with polyester prepolymer particles in a reaction chamber in which an absolute pressure predominates in the range from 10 mbar to 200 mbar, preferably 20 to 150 mbar, and a process gas flow in the range of an R-value of 0.005 to 0.05. 118-. (canceled)21. The process as claimed in claim 19 , wherein the solid-state polycondensation is carried out at a temperature of from 180° C. to 5° below the crystalline melting point of the polyester prepolymer particles.22. The process as claimed in claim 19 , wherein the solid-state polycondensation is carried out over a period of time in the range from 2 to 30 hours.23. The process as claimed in claim 19 , wherein the process gas is nitrogen.24. The process as claimed in claim 23 , wherein the process gas is additionally used as cooling medium in a cold trap upstream of a vacuum system to set the absolute pressure in the reaction space.25. The process as claimed in claim 19 , wherein the polyester prepolymer particles have a degree of crystallization of at least 25% before entering the reaction space.26. The process as claimed in claim 19 , wherein polyester particles having an intrinsic viscosity in the range from 0.70 to 0.95 dl/g are produced claim 19 , with an increase in the intrinsic viscosity being at least 0.05 dl/g.27. The process as claimed in claim 19 , wherein a solid-state polycondensation using polyethylene terephthalate is carried out in a temperature range of from 190° C. to 240° C.28. An apparatus for carrying out the process according to claim 19 , which comprisesa reactor having a materials inlet and a materials outlet, optionally a process gas feed line, and a connected vacuum system,reservoirs upstream of the materials inlet and downstream of the materials outlet ...

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Номер записи: 30
01-02-2018 дата публикации

INDUCTION-COUPLED PLASMA SYNTHESIS OF BORON NITRIDE NANOTUBES

Номер: US20180029885A1
Автор: JORDAN Kevin C., SMITH Michael W., STEVENS Jonathan C.
Принадлежит: BNNT, LLC

Described herein are processes and apparatus for the large-scale synthesis of boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) by induction-coupled plasma (ICP). A boron-containing feedstock may be heated by ICP in the presence of nitrogen gas at an elevated pressure, to form vaporized boron. The vaporized boron may be cooled to form boron droplets, such as nanodroplets. Cooling may take place using a condenser, for example. BNNTs may then form downstream and can be harvested. 1. A process for synthesizing boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) , the process comprising:a. introducing a feed consisting of gas including nitrogen and a boron-containing feedstock into a chamber;b. heating the nitrogen gas and boron-containing feedstock with an induction-coupled plasma to form heated reactants;c. triggering formation of BNNTs; andd. collecting the BNNTs.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the formation of BNNTs is triggered by at least one of introducing asperities into the chamber claim 1 , natural nucleation claim 1 , and cooling with a condenser.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the formation of BNNTs is triggered by at least one of a copper rod claim 1 , a tungsten wire claim 1 , a network of copper rods claim 1 , a network of tungsten wires claim 1 , a grid of copper rods claim 1 , and a grid of tungsten wires.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the process proceeds with no reactive feedstock other than boron and nitrogen.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the collecting is performed using at least one of a solid surface condenser claim 1 , collection surfaces claim 1 , and filters downstream of the growth zone.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein introducing nitrogen gas and a boron-containing feedstock into a chamber is a continuous process.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein collecting BNNTs is a continuous process.8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the chamber is at an elevated pressure of at least 2 atmospheres to about 250 atmospheres.9. The process of claim 8 , wherein the ...

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Номер записи: 31
17-02-2022 дата публикации

Metal Supported Powder Catalyst Matrix and Processes for Multiphase Chemical Reactions

Номер: US20220048006A1
Автор: Harp Gary P., III William J., JR. Jeffrey A., Knopf, Napier
Принадлежит:

A catalytic membrane composite that includes porous supported catalyst particles durably enmeshed in a porous fibrillated polymer membrane is provided. The porous fibrillated polymer membrane may be manipulated to take the form of a tube, disc, or diced tape and used in multiphase reaction systems. The supported catalyst particles are composed of at least one finely divided metal catalyst dispersed on a porous support substrate. High catalytic activity is gained by the effective fine dispersion of the finely divided metal catalyst such that the metal catalyst covers the support substrate and/or is interspersed in the pores of the support substrate. In some embodiments, the catalytic membrane composite may be introduced to a stirred tank autoclave reactor system, a continuous flow reactor system, or a Parr Shaker reaction system and used to effect the catalytic reaction. 1. A continuous flow reaction system for multiphase reactions having at least three phases , said reaction system comprising:a catalytic article comprising a porous fibrillated polymer membrane that includes supported catalyst particles durably enmeshed within the porous fibrillated polymer membrane;a liquid phase comprising at least one liquid phase reactant;a gas phase comprising at least one gas phase reactant; anda reaction vessel configured for continuous flow of the liquid phase reactant and the gas phase reactant across and through the catalytic article,wherein the catalytic article is in the form of a tube or a plurality of tubes bundled in a tubular array.2. The reaction system of claim 1 , wherein the catalytic article is not configured as a contactor.3. The reaction system of claim 1 , wherein the reaction system is configured for hydrogenation.4. The reaction system of claim 1 , wherein the porous fibrillated polymer membrane is insoluble to reactants and products in the multiphase chemical reaction.5. The reaction system of claim 1 , wherein the porous fibrillated polymer membrane ...

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Номер записи: 32
04-02-2021 дата публикации

Metal Supported Powder Catalyst Matrix And Processes For Multiphase Chemical Reactions

Номер: US20210031163A1
Автор: Harp Gary P., Knopf Jeffrey A., NAPIER William J.
Принадлежит:

A catalytic membrane composite that includes porous supported catalyst particles durably enmeshed in a porous fibrillated polymer membrane is provided. The porous fibrillated polymer membrane may be manipulated to take the form of a tube, disc, or diced tape and used in multiphase reaction systems. The supported catalyst particles are composed of at least one finely divided metal catalyst dispersed on a porous support substrate. High catalytic activity is gained by the effective fine dispersion of the finely divided metal catalyst such that the metal catalyst covers the support substrate and/or is interspersed in the pores of the support substrate. In some embodiments, the catalytic membrane composite may be introduced to a stirred tank autoclave reactor system, a continuous flow reactor system, or a Parr Shaker reaction system and used to effect the catalytic reaction. 1. A reaction system for multiphase reactions having at least three phases , said reaction system comprising:a stirred tank reaction vessel comprising a rotatable impeller shaft having thereon at least one impeller blade, said rotatable impeller shaft being rotatably affixed to a catalytic article, said catalytic article comprising a porous fibrillated polymer membrane that includes supported catalyst particles durably enmeshed within the porous fibrillated polymer membrane;a liquid phase comprising at least one liquid phase reactant; anda gas phase comprising at least one gas phase reactant,wherein the porous fibrillated polymer membrane is in the form of an immobilized catalyst disc or disc stack.2. The reaction system of claim 1 , wherein reaction system is configured for hydrogenation.3. The reaction system of claim 1 , wherein the catalytic article is not configured as a contactor.4. The reaction system of claim 1 , wherein the impeller blade is pitched.5. The reaction system of claim 1 , wherein the disc stack comprises a plurality of immobilized catalyst discs with intervening spacers ...

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Номер записи: 33
12-02-2015 дата публикации

METHOD FOR RECOVERING LITHIUM CARBONATE

Номер: US20150044124A1
Автор: Haavanlammi Liisa, TIIHONEN Marika
Принадлежит: OUTOTEC (FINLAND) OY

A method and arrangement for recovering lithium carbonate from a raw material containing lithium, which method comprises pulping () the raw material containing lithium in the presence of water and sodium carbonate for producing a slurry containing lithium from the raw material containing lithium. After pulping the lithium-containing slurry is leached () for dissolving the lithium in the solution thus producing a solution containing lithium carbonate. After pulping and leaching the method comprises carbonating () the solution containing lithium carbonate by using carbon dioxide under atmospheric conditions for producing a solution containing lithium bicarbonate and separating () the solids form the solution. The solution containing lithium bicarbonate is purified () to produce a purified solution containing lithium bicarbonate, and recovering by crystallising () lithium carbonate from the purified lithium bicarbonate-containing solution. 1. A method for recovering lithium carbonate from a raw material containing lithium selected from a group consisting of brine , a mineral containing lithium , spodumene , petalite or lepidolite or mixtures thereof , wherein the method comprisespulping the raw material containing lithium in the presence of water and sodium carbonate for producing a slurry containing lithium,leaching the slurry containing lithium in the presence of high pressure steam for producing a solution containing lithium carbonate,carbonating the solution containing lithium carbonate by using carbon dioxide under atmospheric conditions for producing a solution containing lithium bicarbonate,separating the solids from the solution containing lithium bicarbonate by solid-liquid separation,purifying the solution containing lithium bicarbonate by ion exchange for producing a purified solution containing lithium bicarbonate, andrecovering lithium carbonate by crystallising from the purified solution containing lithium bicarbonate.2. (canceled)2. The method according ...

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Номер записи: 34
06-02-2020 дата публикации

FILM OZONOLYSIS IN A TUBULAR OR MULTITUBULAR REACTOR

Номер: US20200039910A1
Автор: ADAMI Icilio, BURNS Neil, CHAPEAUX Alexandre, Foley Patrick, MILICIA Antonio
Принадлежит: P2 Science, Inc.

The disclosure relates to a method of performing ozonolysis or ozone-based oxidation on a liquid or emulsified reagent using a tubular falling firm reactor with one or multiple tubes wherein the combined ozone and carrier gas flow is co-current. 162.-. (canceled)63. A method of performing ozonolysis or ozone-based oxidation on a liquid or emulsified reagent using an industrial scale tubular falling film reactor with multiple tubes wherein the combined ozone and carrier gas flow is co-current , and wherein the ozonolysis occurs continuously without accumulation of large amounts of hazardous intermediates , and wherein the tubes are cooled by flow of a coolant.64. The method of claim 63 , wherein method comprises two or more industrial scale tubular falling film reactors with multiple tubes connected in series to process a continuous stream of the liquid or emulsified reagent.65. The method of claim 63 , wherein the carrier gas is selected from air claim 63 , oxygen (O) claim 63 , and an oxygen (O)/nitrogen (N) mixture.66. The method of claim 65 , wherein the carrier gas is an oxygen/nitrogen mixture comprising about 10% to about 30% oxygen and about 70% to about 90% nitrogen claim 65 , or 7.5-12.5% oxygen and 87.5-92.5% nitrogen.67. The method of claim 63 , wherein the liquid or emulsified reagent is an emulsion in water.68. The method of claim 63 , wherein the reactor comprises the multiple tubes in parallel enclosed in a cylindrical reactor.69. The method of claim 63 , wherein the diameter of the tube(s) is between 5 mm and 30 mm.70. The method of claim 69 , wherein the diameter of the tube(s) is between 10 mm and 25 mm.71. The method of claim 63 , wherein the gas flow rate is from 10 to 1500 L/min in each of said tube or tubes.72. The method of claim 63 , wherein the gas flow rate is about 150 L/min in each of said tube or tubes.73. The method of claim 63 , wherein the tubes are between 1 and 7 meters in length.74. The method of claim 73 , wherein the tubes are ...

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Номер записи: 35
18-02-2021 дата публикации

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR EFFECTIVE PREPARATION OF TRIFLUOROAMINE OXIDE

Номер: US20210047184A1
Автор: Kang Hong Suk, KIM Beom Sik, Kwak Junghun, Kwon Byunghyang, Lee Soo Bok, Park In Joon, So Won Wook, Sohn Eun-ho, Yook Shin Hong
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a preparation method of trifluoroamine oxide which comprises the steps of producing an intermediate product by reacting nitrogen trifluoride and nitrous oxide in the presence of a reaction catalyst wherein the unreacted gas containing nitrogen (N) produced in the course of the reaction is removed and instead nitrogen trifluoride and nitrous oxide are injected additionally; and producing trifluoroamine oxide by reacting the intermediate product with sodium fluoride. 1. A preparation method of trifluoroamine oxide comprising the following steps:{'sub': '2', 'producing an intermediate product by reacting nitrogen trifluoride and nitrous oxide in the presence of a reaction catalyst wherein the unreacted gas containing nitrogen (N) produced in the course of the reaction is removed and instead nitrogen trifluoride and nitrous oxide are injected additionally; and'}producing trifluoroamine oxide by reacting the intermediate product with sodium fluoride.2. The preparation method of trifluoroamine oxide according to claim 1 , wherein the step of producing an intermediate product is characterized by reusing nitrogen trifluoride and nitrous oxide separated from the unreacted gas containing nitrogen to be removed.3. The preparation method of trifluoroamine oxide according to claim 1 , wherein the step of producing an intermediate product is characterized by the repeat of the reaction process composed of removing the unreacted gas containing nitrogen (N) generated during the reaction and additionally injecting nitrogen trifluoride and nitrous oxide instead.4. The preparation method of trifluoroamine oxide according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction in the step of producing an intermediate product is performed at a temperature range of 110° C.˜150° C.5. The preparation method of trifluoroamine oxide according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction in the step of producing an intermediate product is performed with stirring at a rotation speed of 50˜800 ...

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Номер записи: 36
03-03-2022 дата публикации

IN SITU PRODUCTION AND FUNCTIONALIZATION OF CARBON MATERIALS VIA GAS-LIQUID MASS TRANSFER AND USES THEREOF

Номер: US20220064004A1
Автор: Chiattello Marion L., Oman Mark
Принадлежит: Performance Nanocarbon, Inc.

A method for making a solid carbon material comprises: delivering a liquid comprising at least one liquid organic compound into a reaction region of a reactor; delivering a gas comprising at least one gaseous organic compound into the reaction region of the reactor; and inducing a chemical reaction between the at least one liquid organic compound and the at least one gaseous organic compound, wherein: the chemical reaction occurs in the reaction region of the reactor; the solid carbon material is made via the reaction; the solid carbon material is made during the reaction in the form of a dispersion comprising the solid carbon material dispersed in the liquid; and the chemical reaction is a homogeneous reaction comprising homogeneous nucleation of the solid carbon material in the reaction region of the reactor.

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Номер записи: 37
26-02-2015 дата публикации

Evaporative gas generating device, method for producing evaporative gas, hydrogen bromide production device, and method for producing hydrogen bromide

Номер: US20150056128A1
Автор: Hirohide Saito, Masaru Wada
Принадлежит: Showa Denko KK

An evaporative gas generating device and a method for producing evaporative gas. A hydrogen bromide production device and a method for producing hydrogen bromide are also disclosed. The hydrogen bromide production device is provided with an evaporative gas generating device ( 1 ) that generates bromine gas, and a reactor ( 3 ) that reacts the bromine gas with hydrogen gas to form hydrogen bromide. The evaporative gas generating device ( 1 ) is provided with a container ( 10 ) that accommodates liquid bromine (B), and heating jackets ( 35, 36 ) that supply heat to a wall surface of the container ( 10 ), and heat and evaporate the liquid bromine (B) within a liquid accommodating part ( 15 ) of the container ( 10 ) to raise the temperature of the bromine gas within the evaporative gas accommodating part ( 16 ).

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Номер записи: 38
26-02-2015 дата публикации

Method for cavitation-assisted refining, degumming and dewaxing of oil and fat

Номер: US20150057460A1
Автор: Igor Gorodnitsky, Roman Gordon, Varvara Grichko
Принадлежит: Cavitation Technologies Inc

A method for degumming and/or refining crude oil containing impurities involving mixing the crude oil with degumming agents, i.e., water or acid, and subjecting the mixture to flow-through, hydrodynamic cavitation processing. The cavitational processing transfers impurities in the crude oil to a water phase for easier separation. The water phase may be separated from the oil phase by commonly available separation methods.

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Номер записи: 39
03-03-2016 дата публикации

Contacting device and method

Номер: US20160061541A1
Автор: Andrew P. Dybdahl, Guang X. Chen, John P. Ricotta, Kirk F. Larson, Steven C. Brown
Принадлежит: Praxair Technology Inc

The present invention provides a vapor-liquid contact device for use in a distillation column and method incorporating the use of such a vapor-liquid contact device. The vapor-liquid contact device has arrays of elongated strips to support a falling film of a liquid and contact of a vapor with the film. The strips are supported in a structure having top and bottom sections connected to opposite ends of the strips. The top sections have apertures in registry with the strips so that liquid distributed to the top section seeps out of the apertures to initiate formation of the falling film. Openings are provided at the top and bottom sections, so that a vapor is able to pass through the support structure to contact the falling film to effect contact between the liquid and the vapor. Liquid distributors are associated with the top section to distribute the liquid to the apertures.

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Номер записи: 40
12-03-2015 дата публикации

Energy and/or material transport including phase change

Номер: US20150068110A1
Автор: Roy Edward McAlister
Принадлежит: McAlister Technologies LLC

Techniques, systems and material are disclosed for transport of energy and/or materials. In one aspect, a method includes generating gaseous fuel (e.g., from biomass dissociation) at a first location of a low elevation. The gaseous fuel can be self-transported in a pipeline to a second location at a higher elevation than the first location by traveling from the first location to the second location without adding energy of pressure. A liquid fuel can be generated at the second location of higher elevation by reacting the gaseous fuel with at least one of a carbon donor, a nitrogen donor, and an oxygen donor harvested from industrial waste. The liquid fuel can be delivered to a third location of a lower elevation than the second location while providing pressure or kinetic energy.

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Номер записи: 41
12-03-2015 дата публикации

Mixing Apparatus for Magnet Recycling

Номер: US20150069677A1
Автор: Catalina Oana Tudor, Miha Zakotnik, Peter Afiuny, Scott Dunn
Принадлежит: Individual

Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for recycling magnetic material. One of the systems includes a gas mixing apparatus for fragmenting and mixing waste magnetic material comprising a plurality of reaction vessels, each of the plurality of reaction vessels comprising an internal liner having a plurality of openings defined therein, each of the internal liners configured to receive magnetic material and facilitate the circulation of gas around the magnetic material through the plurality of openings, and a pump and valve assembly operatively coupled to the plurality of reaction vessels to control the introduction of gas into the plurality of reaction vessels and to control transfer of gas between the plurality of reaction vessels.

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Номер записи: 42
29-05-2014 дата публикации

METHODS OF PRODUCING CARBONATE MINERALS AND APPARATUSES OF PRODUCING THE CARBONATE MINERALS

Номер: US20140147351A1
Автор: CHI Se-Jung, JIN Gwang-Min, KANG Il-Mo, KIM In-Joon, SONG Yun-Goo
Принадлежит: KOREA INSTITUTE OF GEOSCIENCE AND MINERAL RESOURCES

An apparatus of producing a carbonate mineral includes a first reaction device including a fluid path along which an ion exchange solution moves; a cation exchange medium disposed in the fluid path, the cation exchange medium containing an alkaline earth metal; a second reaction device accommodating a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and receiving the ion exchange solution containing an alkaline earth metal ion from the first reaction device; and a carbon dioxide supplying device supplying a carbon dioxide to the second aqueous solution. 2. The apparatus of claim 1 ,wherein the first reaction device comprises a reaction tube extending in one direction, through which the ion exchange solution passes and in which the cation exchange medium disposed.3. The apparatus of claim 2 ,wherein the cation exchange medium comprises a plurality of stacked powders comprising the alkaline earth metal and filling a portion of the reaction tube, andwherein each of the powders comprises at least one of a clay mineral, a zeolite, an iron or manganese oxide, an iron or manganese hydroxide, and an organic ion exchange resin.4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the first reaction device further comprises a permeable membrane disposed in the reaction tube claim 3 , the permeable membrane preventing the powders escaping from the reaction tube.5. The apparatus of claim 2 , further comprising:a first container accommodating the ion exchange solution;a first connection tube connecting the first container and the reaction; anda solution rotation tube connecting the second reaction device and the first container,wherein the ion exchange solution accommodated in the first container moves to the reaction tube through the first connection tube and the solution accommodated in the second reaction device after formation of the carbonate mineral moves to the first container through the solution rotation tube.6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein an inlet of the reaction tube is positioned over an ...

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Номер записи: 43
24-03-2022 дата публикации

Metal Supported Powder Catalyst Matrix and Processes for Multiphase Chemical Reactions

Номер: US20220088564A1
Автор: Harp Gary P., III William J., JR. Jeffrey A., Knopf, Napier
Принадлежит:

A catalytic membrane composite that includes porous supported catalyst particles durably enmeshed in a porous fibrillated polymer membrane is provided. The porous fibrillated polymer membrane may be manipulated to take the form of a tube, disc, or diced tape and used in multiphase reaction systems. The supported catalyst particles are composed of at least one finely divided metal catalyst dispersed on a porous support substrate. High catalytic activity is gained by the effective fine dispersion of the finely divided metal catalyst such that the metal catalyst covers the support substrate and/or is interspersed in the pores of the support substrate. In some embodiments, the catalytic membrane composite may be introduced to a stirred tank autoclave reactor system, a continuous flow reactor system, or a Parr Shaker reaction system and used to effect the catalytic reaction. 1. A continuous flow reaction system for multiphase reactions having at least three phases , said reaction system comprising:a catalytic article comprising a porous fibrillated polymer membrane that includes supported catalyst particles durably enmeshed within the porous fibrillated polymer membrane, said catalytic article being in the form of diced tape;a liquid phase comprising at least one liquid phase reactant;a gas phase comprising at least one gas phase reactant; anda reaction vessel in the form of a continuous loop and being configured for continuous flow of the liquid phase reactant and the gas phase reactant across and through the catalytic article.2. The reaction system of claim 1 , wherein the catalytic article is not configured as a contactor.3. The reaction system of claim 1 , wherein the reaction system is configured for hydrogenation.4. The reaction system of claim 1 , wherein the porous fibrillated polymer membrane is insoluble to reactants and products in the multiphase chemical reaction.5. The reaction system of claim 1 , wherein the porous fibrillated polymer membrane comprises ...

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Номер записи: 44
25-03-2021 дата публикации

HYDROGEN PRODUCTION APPARATUS AND HYDROGEN PRODUCTION METHOD

Номер: US20210086157A1
Автор: KIMURA Hiroyuki, Muramoto Tomoya, SEO Satoshi
Принадлежит: IHI CORPORATION

A hydrogen production apparatus includes: a first furnace configured to heat a mixed gas of a raw material gas, which contains at least methane, and hydrogen to 1,000° C. or more and 2,000° C. or less; and a second furnace configured to accommodate a catalyst for accelerating a reaction of a first gas generated in the first furnace to a nanocarbon material, and to maintain the first gas at 500° C. or more and 1,200° C. or less. 1. A hydrogen production apparatus , comprising:a first furnace configured to heat a mixed gas of a raw material gas, which contains at least methane, and hydrogen to 1,000° C. or more and 2,000° C. or less; anda second furnace configured to accommodate a catalyst for accelerating a reaction of a first gas generated in the first furnace to a nanocarbon material, and to maintain the first gas at 500° C. or more and 1,200° C. or less.2. The hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising a cooling unit configured to rapidly cool the first gas generated in the first furnace to 600° C. or less claim 1 ,wherein the first gas rapidly cooled by the cooling unit is introduced into the second furnace.3. The hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the first furnace accommodates a catalyst for accelerating a reaction of the mixed gas to any one or both of acetylene and ethylene.4. The hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a furnace having a lower temperature of the first furnace and the second furnace uses heat released from a furnace having a higher temperature thereof as a heating source.5. The hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein at least a heating source of the first furnace is a light collecting device configured to collect sunlight claim 1 , and to generate solar heat.6. The hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising a preheating unit configured to preheat the raw material gas with heat released from a furnace having a lower ...

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Номер записи: 45
05-04-2018 дата публикации

CURING SYSTEMS FOR MATERIALS THAT CONSUME CARBON DIOXIDE AND METHOD OF USE THEREOF

Номер: US20180093240A1
Автор: Atakan Vahit, Hu Xudong, Kuppler John P., Smith Kenneth
Принадлежит:

The invention provides a curing system that is useful for curing materials that consume carbon dioxide as a reagent. The system has a curing chamber that contains the material to be cured and a gas that contains carbon dioxide. The system includes apparatus that can deliver carbon dioxide to displace ambient air upon loading the system, that can provide carbon dioxide as it is needed and as it is consumed, that can control carbon dioxide concentration, temperature and humidity in the curing chamber during the curing cycle and that can record and display to a user the variables that occur during the curing process. A method of curing a material which requires COas a curing reagent is also described. 120.-. (canceled)21. A method of curing a material which requires COas a curing reagent , comprising the steps of: [{'sub': 2', '2, 'a curing chamber configured to contain a material that consumes COas a reagent and that does not cure in the absence of COduring curing, said curing chamber having at least one port configured to allow said material to be introduced into said curing chamber and to be removed from said curing chamber, and having at least one closure for said port, said closure configured to provide an atmospheric seal when closed so as to prevent contamination of a gas present in said curing chamber by gas outside said curing chamber;'}, 'a source of carbon dioxide configured to provide gaseous carbon dioxide to said curing chamber by way of a gas entry port in said curing chamber, said source of carbon dioxide having at least one flow regulation device configured to control a flow rate of said gaseous carbon dioxide into said curing chamber;', {'sub': '2', 'a gas flow subsystem configured to circulate said gas through said curing chamber during a time period when said material that consumes COas a reagent is being cured;'}, 'a temperature control subsystem configured to control a temperature of said gas within said chamber;', 'a humidity control subsystem ...

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Номер записи: 46
12-05-2022 дата публикации

Apparatus for preparing oligomer

Номер: US20220143568A1
Автор: Dong Kwon Lee, Hong Min LEE, Jeong Seok Lee, Jong Hun SONG, Kyung Seog Youk, Moon Sub HWANG
Принадлежит: LG Chem Ltd

The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for preparing an oligomer, the apparatus including: a reactor for oligomerizing a feed stream containing a fed monomer; a stirrer inserted into a hole formed in an upper portion of the reactor; and a solvent transfer line extending inward from a side of the reactor, wherein the stirrer includes a rotating shaft vertically extending downward from the upper portion of the reactor, and a blade having a conical shape whose vertex is positioned at a lower end of the rotating shaft and outer diameter increases from a bottom toward a top, and the solvent transfer line has a plurality of spray nozzles formed in a direction toward the blade.

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Номер записи: 47
05-04-2018 дата публикации

METHOD FOR COMPRESSION OF AMMONIA SYNTHESIS GAS AND RECYCLE GAS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF AMMONIA BY SCREW COMPRESSORS

Номер: US20180093898A1
Автор: Lennon Derek Carlton
Принадлежит:

A method for producing ammonia may be provided. The method may include supplying ammonia synthesis gas to a synthesis gas screw compressor and compressing the synthesis gas. The compressed synthesis gas may be joined with a flow of recycle gas compressed in a recycle gas screw compressor. The compressed combined flow may then be introduced to an ammonia reactor. The ammonia reactor may discharge ammonia, purge gas, and unconverted gas, which may be the recycle gas. 1. A method for producing ammonia comprising:supplying ammonia synthesis gas to a synthesis gas screw compressor, wherein the ammonia synthesis gas is supplied with an inlet pressure of 20 bar to 50 bar;compressing the ammonia synthesis gas in the synthesis gas screw compressor to a pressure of 70 bar to 120 bar;discharging a flow of compressed ammonia synthesis gas;combining a flow of compressed recycle gas with the flow of compressed ammonia synthesis gas, forming a compressed combined gas flow with a pressure of 76 bar to 116 bar;supplying the compressed combined gas flow to an ammonia reactor, wherein the ammonia reactor discharges ammonia, purge gas, and recycle gas having a pressure of 66 bar to 116 bar;supplying the recycle gas to a recycle gas screw compressor;compressing the recycle gas; andsupplying the compressed recycle gas to the flow of compressed ammonia synthesis gas.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the synthesis gas screw compressor and recycle gas screw compressor are disposed on a single shaft.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the synthesis gas screw compressor and recycle gas screw compressor are disposed on separate shafts.4. A method for producing ammonia comprising:supplying ammonia synthesis gas to a screw compressor;introducing a flow of recycle gas to the screw compressor;compressing and combining the ammonia synthesis gas and recycle gas in the screw compressor;discharging a flow of the compressed ammonia synthesis gas and recycle gas as a combined gas flow;supplying the ...

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Номер записи: 48
28-03-2019 дата публикации

FLOW-THROUGH REACTORS FOR THE CONTINUOUS QUENCHING OF PEROXIDE MIXTURES AND METHODS COMPRISING THE SAME

Номер: US20190091645A1
Автор: ADAMI Icilio, CHAPEAUX Alexandre, Foley Patrick, MILICIA Antonio
Принадлежит:

This disclosure relates to a highly efficient and safe reactor for the continuous quenching of peroxide mixtures generated during the reaction of unsaturated compounds with ozone, which minimizes the amount of highly reactive peroxides accumulated in the reactor at any given time. The reactor may be modified to allow for expansion to accommodate the quenching parameters of a wide variety of ozonolysis reactions and flow rates. The reactor may be constructed from highly pressure rated stainless steel for maximum durability, safety, and economic practicality while increasing the safety of peroxide quenching, thus allowing tighter process control and improved product yields. This disclosure also related to methods for quenching ozonides. 1. A reactor for the continuous quenching of a peroxide mixture (PM) , wherein said reactor is either a single-pass flow-through reactor or a recirculating flow-through reactor , said reactor comprising:(a) either (1) a single input for both a peroxide mixture (PM) and a peroxide quenching solution (PQS), or (2) a first input for a PM and a second input for a PQS;(b) an output for a quenched product solution (QPS);(c) a heat exchanger (HE); and(d) optionally, a circulatory pump (CP);{'sub': 'out', 'wherein the output for the quenched product solution (QPS) has a flow rate out of the reactor, F, of 80 to about 1,000,000 mL/minute, and wherein the overall pressure in the reactor is 1 psi to 6000 psi, and wherein the heat exchanger maintains the reactor temperature at −78° C. to 300° C.'}2. The reactor of claim 1 , wherein the reactor is a single-pass flow-through reactor and the reactor further comprises:a second single-pass flow-through reactor connected to the first single-pass flow-through reactor, said second reactor optionally comprising a circulatory pump (CP), heat exchanger (HE), or both.3. The reactor of claim 1 , wherein the reactor is a single pass-flow through reactor.4. The reactor of claim 1 , wherein the reactor is a ...

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Номер записи: 49
26-03-2020 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR THE OLIGOMERIZATION OF ETHYLENE IN A COMPARTMENTALIZED GAS/LIQUID REACTOR

Номер: US20200094213A1
Автор: AUGIER Frederic, SOZINHO Tiago, Touchais Natacha, VONNER Alexandre
Принадлежит: IFP ENERGIES NOUVELLES

Compartmentalized reactor which makes possible the oligomerization of olefins to give linear olefins and preferably to give linear α-olefins, comprising a reaction chamber and at least one heat exchanger(s). The compartmentalized reactor is also employed in an oligomerization process. 2. The reactor as claimed in claim 1 , in which the compartmentalization means are provided in the form of perforated plates.3. The reactor as claimed in claim 1 , in which at least one heat exchanger is located inside the reaction chamber.4112. The reactor as claimed in claim 3 , comprising a single heat exchanger extending along the vertical axis of the reaction chamber () in each reaction zone (Z claim 3 , Z claim 3 , . . . claim 3 , Zn).521212. The reactor as claimed in claim 1 , comprising a plurality of heat exchangers () located outside the reaction chamber () claim 1 , each heat exchanger () being associated with a reaction zone (Z claim 1 , Z claim 1 , . . . claim 1 , Zn).62330. The reactor as claimed in claim 1 , comprising between 2 and 30 reaction zones (Z claim 1 , Z claim 1 , . . . claim 1 , Z).7. An olefin oligomerization process employing the reactor as claimed in claim 1 , at a pressure between 1.0 and 10.0 MPa and at a temperature between 0° C. and 200° C. claim 1 , comprising the following stages:{'b': '1', 'a) the olefin and a catalytic oligomerization system comprising at least one metal precursor and at least one activating agent are introduced into the liquid phase of the reaction chamber ();'}{'b': 1', '2, 'b) said olefin and said system are brought into contact in each reaction zone (Z, Z, . . . , Zn);'}{'b': '2', 'c) the reaction medium is cooled by means of at least one heat exchanger ();'}{'b': '7', 'd) a liquid reaction effluent () is recovered in the upper part of the reaction chamber of the reactor.'}8. The oligomerization process as claimed in claim 7 , in which the heat exchanger(s) decrease the temperature of the reaction medium by 1.0 to 11.0° C.9. ...

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Номер записи: 50
12-04-2018 дата публикации

HIGH-PRESSURE REACTOR FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF MELAMINE

Номер: US20180099941A1
Автор: Rizzi Enrico
Принадлежит: Casale SA

Reactor for the synthesis of melamine from urea, in accordance with the high-pressure non-catalytic process, comprising: a vertical reactor body (), at least one inlet () for the urea melt, a set of heating elements (), and a central duct (), said set of heating elements () being arranged inside said central duct. 1. A process for the high-pressure synthesis of melamine from a urea feed , comprising a primary reaction stage in which urea is converted into melamine with an endothermic reaction , inside a vertical reactor ,wherein said primary reaction stage is performed with a circulatory flow in a liquid mass comprising melamine and urea, said flow comprising:a descending flow through a central portion of said reactor, said flow being directly heated by heating elements installed in said central portion of reactor and in contact with the liquid mass, and an ascending flow in a peripheral reaction zone which is arranged around said central portion and is without heating elements,the urea feed being introduce into said peripheral zone.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the pressure is at least 70 bar.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the pressure is between 70 and 250 bar. This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/123,924, filed Sep. 6, 2016, which is a national phase of PCT/EP2015/054807, filed Mar. 9, 2015, which claims priority to European Patent Application No. 14159283.2 filed Mar. 12, 2014, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.The invention relates to a high-pressure reactor for the synthesis of melamine.The processes for the synthesis of melamine from urea are commonly classified as low-pressure catalytic processes, typically below 1 MPa, and high-pressure non-catalytic catalytic processes, typically above 7 MPa. These processes are well-known in literature (see for example Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 6th ed., vol. 21, p. 205).One of the known ...

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Номер записи: 51
26-03-2020 дата публикации

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE CATALYTIC PRESSURELESS DEPOLYMERIZATION OF HYDROCARBON-CONTAINING SUBSTANCES

Номер: US20200095505A1
Автор: Koch Christian
Принадлежит:

A method or catalytic compressed air conversion of hydrocarbonaceous substances to oil has the steps of: providing a hydrocarbonaceous substance and a catalyst oil in a mixing turbine, mixing the catalyst oil with the hydrocarbonaceous substance to give a mixture, where the step of mixing comprises producing heat for a catalytic oxidation in the mixing turbine, providing the distillation device downstream of the mixing turbine, removing liquid constituents of the mixture into the distillation device, distilling the liquid constituents, and collecting oil and water, and is characterized in that the step of mixing comprises introducing oxygen into the mixing turbine. An apparatus with which this method can be employed has a mixing turbine comprising a first feed for a catalyst oil and a hydrocarbonaceous substance and an outlet for liquid constituents after a catalytic oxidation. In addition, such an apparatus comprises a distillation device for distilling the liquid constituents led out of the mixing turbine and a collecting device for collecting oil and water separated out from the distillation device, wherein the mixing turbine has a second feed for oxygen. The present invention relates to a method of catalytic ambient-pressure conversion of hydrocarbonaceous substances to oil, comprising the steps of providing a hydrocarbonaceous substance and a catalyst oil in a mixing turbine; mixing the catalyst oil with the hydrocarbonaceous substance to give a mixture; where the step of mixing comprises producing heat for a catalytic oxidation in the mixing turbine; providing a distillation device downstream of the mixing turbine; removing liquid constituents of the mixture into the distillation device; distilling the liquid constituents; and collecting oil and water.The present invention also relates to an apparatus for catalytic ambient-pressure conversion of hydrocarbonaceous substances to oil, having a mixing turbine comprising a first feed for a catalyst oil and a ...

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Номер записи: 52
21-04-2016 дата публикации

Modular refining reactor and refining methods

Номер: US20160107953A1
Автор: Joe Griffith Cruz, Philip David Fulmer, Scott Ray Mobley
Принадлежит: Lytoil Inc

Methods and apparatus for refining feedstocks, such as crude or synthetic oil, and like feedstocks, are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a reactor for refining a feedstock includes: a chamber having an inner volume to hold a liquid feedstock, a feedstock inlet port, a process gas inlet port, and an outlet port; a gas diffuser housed within the chamber and coupled to the process gas inlet port; and a radical generator coupled in fluid communication with the inner volume via the gas diffuser. In some embodiments, a method for refining feedstock includes: providing liquid feedstock to an inner volume of a reactor; flowing a radicalized process gas from a radical generator into the inner volume and into contact with the feedstock via a gas diffuser to fractionate the feedstock and produce one or more fractions of product in a vaporous mixture; and collecting a desired product from the vaporous mixture.

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Номер записи: 53
26-04-2018 дата публикации

EPILAMIZATION METHOD OF AN ELEMENT OF A TIMEPIECE OR PIECE OF JEWELLERY

Номер: US20180112144A1
Автор: FRANCOIS Nicolas, Letondor Christophe, RANNOUX Claire
Принадлежит: The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd

The invention relates to a method for epilamization of at least one portion of a substrate surface comprising the steps of: 1. A epilamization method of at least one part of a substrate surface comprising the steps of:a) preparing an epilame agentb) optionally, preparing the substrate surfacec) placing the substrate and the epilame agent in a chamber at ambient pressure{'sub': '2', 'd) introducing COinto the hermetically sealed chamber at a pressure comprised between 25 bar and 74 bar and at a temperature comprised between 10° C. and 80° C. for a duration comprised between 1 minute and 30 minutes.'}e) reducing the pressure in the chamber, andf) removing the epilamized substrate from the chamber.2. The epilamization method according to claim 1 , wherein the pressure in the hermetically sealed chamber in step d) is comprised between 45 bar and 70 bar.3. The epilamization method according to claim 2 , wherein the pressure in the hermetically sealed chamber in step d) is comprised between 50 bar and 60 bar.4. The epilamization method according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature in the hermetically sealed chamber in step d) is comprised between 25° C. and 60° C.5. The epilamization method according to claim 4 , wherein the temperature in the hermetically sealed chamber in step d) is comprised between 30° C. and 50° C.6. The epilamization method according to claim 1 , wherein the duration of step d) is comprised between 1 minute and 20 minutes.7. The epilamization method according to claim 6 , wherein the duration of step d) is comprised between 3 minutes and 15 minutes.8. The epilamization method according to claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises claim 1 , between steps e) and f) claim 1 , a step g) of heat treatment of the epilamized substrate.9. The epilamization method according to claim 1 , wherein step b) comprises a COtreatment at a temperature comprised between 10° C. and 80° C. and a pressure comprised between 25 bar and 250 bar.10. The epilamization ...

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Номер записи: 54
27-04-2017 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING CHLOROSILANE GAS USING CONTINUOUS TUBULAR REACTOR

Номер: US20170113938A1
Автор: JANG Eunsu, KIM Jeong Kyu, Kim Yoo Seok, Lee Jungwoo, YOO Jinhyoung
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing trichlorosilane from tetrachlorosilane in an efficient manner. The apparatus includes an inlet through which reaction raw materials including a metal silicon powder dispersed in liquid tetrachlorosilane enter, a hole through which a gaseous reaction raw material is fed, an outlet through which reaction products including trichlorosilane exit, a tubular reactor in which the reaction raw materials entering through the inlet react with each other during flow, and means for impeding the flow of the fluids to cause collision of the fluids during flow. 1. An apparatus for producing trichlorosilane , comprising an inlet through which reaction raw materials comprising a metal silicon powder dispersed in liquid tetrachlorosilane enter , a hole through which a gaseous reaction raw material is fed , an outlet through which reaction products comprising trichlorosilane exit , a tubular reactor in which the reaction raw materials entering through the inlet react with each other during flow , and means for impeding the flow of the fluids to cause collision of the fluids during flow.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the fluid-flow impeding means are structures protruding from the inner wall of the tubular reactor to a reaction space.3. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the fluid-flow impeding means are formed by bending a flow path of the tubular reactor.4. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the gaseous reaction raw material is hydrogen chloride claim 1 , hydrogen or a mixture thereof.5. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction is carried out in a liquid phase.6. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction is carried out at 300 to 1000° C.7. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the metal silicon powder has an average particle diameter of 10 microns or less.8. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the metal silicon and the tetrachlorosilane are ...

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Номер записи: 55
18-04-2019 дата публикации

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR COMPRESSION OF AMMONIA SYNTHESIS GAS AND RECYCLE GAS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF AMMONIA BY SCREW COMPRESSORS

Номер: US20190112197A1
Автор: Lennon Derek Carlton
Принадлежит:

A method for producing ammonia may be provided. The method may include supplying ammonia synthesis gas to a synthesis gas screw compressor and compressing the synthesis gas. The compressed synthesis gas may be joined with a flow of recycle gas compressed in a recycle gas screw compressor. The compressed combined flow may then be introduced to an ammonia reactor. The ammonia reactor may discharge ammonia, purge gas, and unconverted gas, which may be the recycle gas. 1. A system for producing ammonia comprising:at least one screw compressor; andan ammonia reactor, wherein the at least one screw compressor compresses at least one of ammonia synthesis gas and recycle gas and supplies a compressed gas flow to the ammonia reactor, and wherein the ammonia reactor discharges produced ammonia, purge gas, and recycle gas.2. The system of claim 1 , comprising one screw compressor configured to receive and compress ammonia synthesis gas and recycle gas claim 1 , and supply a compressed flow of combined synthesis gas and recycle gas to the ammonia reactor.3. The system of claim 1 , comprising a first screw compressor configured to receive ammonia synthesis gas and discharge a flow of compressed ammonia synthesis gas and a second screw compressor configured to receive recycle gas and discharge a flow of compressed recycle gas claim 1 , wherein the flows of compressed synthesis gas and compressed recycle gas are combined and supplied to the ammonia reactor.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the first screw compressor and the second screw compressor are disposed on a single shaft.5. The system of claim 3 , wherein the first screw compressor and the second screw compressor are disposed on separate shafts.6. The of claim 1 , wherein the ammonia reactor is configured to supply the recycle gas to the at least one screw compressor.7. A method for producing ammonia comprising:supplying ammonia synthesis gas to a screw compressor;compressing the ammonia synthesis gas in the screw ...

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Номер записи: 56
13-05-2021 дата публикации

BORON NITRIDE NANOTUBE SYNTHESIS VIA DIRECT INDUCTION

Номер: US20210139329A1
Автор: JORDAN Kevin C., SMITH Michael W., STEVENS Jonathan C., WHITNEY R. Roy
Принадлежит:

High quality, catalyst-free boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) that are long, flexible, have few wall molecules and few defects in the crystalline structure, can be efficiently produced by a process driven primarily by Direct Induction. Secondary Direct Induction coils, Direct Current heaters, lasers, and electric arcs can provide additional heating to tailor the processes and enhance the quality of the BNNTs while reducing impurities. Heating the initial boron feed stock to temperatures causing it to act as an electrical conductor can be achieved by including refractory metals in the initial boron feed stock, and providing additional heat via lasers or electric arcs. Direct Induction processes may be energy efficient and sustainable for indefinite period of time. Careful heat and gas flow profile management may be used to enhance production of high quality BNNT at significant production rates. 1. A process for synthesizing boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) , the process comprising:feeding gas containing nitrogen to a chamber in a first direction;pre-heating a boron feedstock in the chamber to form an electrically conductive boron material;supplying power to a Direct Induction coil surrounding the electrically conductive boron material;heating the electrically conductive boron material through induction heating from the Direct Induction coil to form a boron melt;wherein boron and boron-nitrogen evaporate from the boron melt in the first direction, and BNNTs self-assemble from the evaporated boron and boron-nitrogen downstream from the boron melt in the first direction.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein pre-heating the boron feedstock to form an electrically conductive boron material comprises heating the boron feedstock to a temperature above 800° C. and below the melting temperature of boron nitride.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein forming the boron melt causes a portion of the nitrogen in the gas entering the chamber to dissolve in the boron melt and evaporate ...

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Номер записи: 57
17-07-2014 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR THE CONTINUOUS REACTION OF LIQUIDS WITH GASES

Номер: US20140200351A1
Автор: Bauer Roland, Bey Oliver, Huebler Patrick, KUNKELMANN Christian, Zehner Peter
Принадлежит: BASF SE

The present invention relates to an apparatus of the loop Venturi reactor type for the continuous reaction of liquids with gases, in particular for hydrogenations, oxidations or acetylations, e.g. for the preparation of toluenediamine by hydrogenation of dinitrotoluene, and a process for the continuous reaction of liquid reactants with gaseous reactants in the apparatus. The apparatus of the invention comprises one or more ejectors which each comprise a diffuser. 1. An apparatus comprising:a vertically elongated reactor comprising a reaction space,a heat exchanger arranged within the reactor,a first inlet adapted for introducing a cooling medium into the heat exchanger,a first outlet adapted for taking the cooling medium off from the heat exchanger,a second inlet adapted for introducing a gaseous reactant into the reaction space,a third inlet adapted for introducing a liquid reactant into the reaction space,a mixing chamber,a downward-directed driving jet nozzle adapted for introducing a reaction medium, an outlet of which is arranged above the mixing chamber and which is in fluid connection with the reaction space,a second outlet adapted for taking the reaction medium off from the reactor anda means arranged below the heat exchanger and below the mixing chamber for diverting the reaction medium flowing downward through the mixing chamber in such a way that the reaction medium once again flows upward through the heat exchanger,wherein each mixing chamber is connected, at its lower end, to a diffuser.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the heat exchanger comprises heat exchanger tubes.3. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the means for diverting the reaction medium flowing downward through the mixing chamber is a diversion pan.4. The apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising a third outlet adapted for taking the reaction medium off from the internal circulatory flow claim 1 , located above the heat exchanger.5. The apparatus according ...

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Номер записи: 58
07-05-2015 дата публикации

Device useful for hydrogenation reactions (ii)

Номер: US20150126768A1
Автор: Werner Bonrath
Принадлежит: DSM IP ASSETS BV

The present invention relates to a device for treatment of material transported through the device comprising at least one porous element consisting of specific solid metallic structure which allows cross-flow of the material through the porous element and wherein the porous element is coated by a non-acidic metal oxide which is impregnated by palladium (Pd).

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Номер записи: 59
07-05-2015 дата публикации

Multi-phase reactor system with slinger liquid reflux distributor

Номер: US20150126771A1
Автор: Rajaram S. Ghadge, Thomas Mathew
Принадлежит: Reliance Industries Ltd

A multi-phase reactor system for performing multi-phase reactions is disclosed. The reactor system includes a reaction vessel having a slinger device ( 100 ) mounted on a centrally positioned agitator shaft ( 102 ) proximal to an operative top of the reaction vessel. The slinger device ( 100 ) comprises a holding means defined by a vertical circumferential plate ( 108 ) and a cover plate ( 107 ) for at least partially encasing the agitator shaft ( 102 ) to define a space for collecting a liquid. The holding means comprise at least one spraying means including spray pipes ( 106 ) for distributing the liquid on an inner wall of the reaction vessel by a projectile trajectory path on rotation of the agitator shaft. A concave blade ( 104 ) may be positioned over the cover plate ( 107 ) for preventing overflow of the liquid from the holding means and forming an umbrella of the flowing liquid to effect scrubbing of the vapors and off-gas.

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Номер записи: 60
03-05-2018 дата публикации

Airlift Reactor Assembly with Helical Sieve Plate

Номер: US20180119083A1
Автор: Chen Yuqi, Gao Minjie, Zhan Xiaobei, Zheng Zhiyong
Принадлежит:

The present invention discloses an airlift reactor assembly with a helical sieve plate, comprising a reaction tank, wherein a draft tube and a gas sparger are assembled in the reaction tank, the gas sparger is arranged just below an riser section of the draft tube, a helical sieve plate is arranged in the riser section of the draft tube, and a body of the helical sieve plate is helical upwards to guide a part of two/three-phase flow in the riser section, and the body of the helical sieve plate is provided with a plurality of sieve meshes to guide the remaining two/three-phase go through the helical sieve plate in the riser section and to break bubbles. The present invention gives consideration to both macroscopic mixing and microscopic mixing processes. In addition to driving liquid to circularly flow by using ejected gas, the helical sieve plate can be used for breaking large bubbles into small bubbles thereby effectively preventing the bubbles from coalescing, increasing gas holdup and increasing a volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient. 1. An airlift reactor assembly with a helical sieve plate , comprising a reaction tank , wherein the reaction tank being assembled with a draft tube and a gas sparger therein; wherein an inner space and an outer space of the draft tube respectively forming a cylindrical guide passage and an annulus-shaped guide passage; wherein one of the cylindrical guide passage and the annulus-shaped guide passage being arranged to be an riser section and the other one being arranged to be a downcomer section , and the gas sparger being arranged just below the riser section; wherein a helical sieve plate is mounted in the riser section of the draft tube; wherein a body of the helical sieve plate is helical upwards to guide a part of two/three-phase flow in the riser section , and the body of the helical sieve plate is provided with a plurality of sieve meshes to guide the remaining two/three-phase flow go through the helical sieve plate in the ...

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Номер записи: 61
23-04-2020 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR MAINTAINING CHEMISTRY IN MOLTEN SALT SYSTEMS

Номер: US20200122109A1
Автор: Goyal Puru, Hanson Michael, Kruizenga Alan, Merwin Augustus
Принадлежит: KAIROS POWER LLC

Methods and systems for removing impurities from a molten salt stream are provided. A molten salt stream is provided that comprises a mixture of compounds selected from the group consisting of LiF, BeF, and NaF, and ZrF. The molten salt stream is flowed through a loop that may contain a precipitation filter, electrochemical potential, and/or a sparger, which thereby remove impurities in the molten salt stream. Various physical methods and apparatus are used to control the ability to remove impurities from the molten salt stream based on temperature, solubility, and general chemistry control. 1. A method of removing impurities from a molten salt stream , the method comprising:a. providing a trap to allow residence time in said molten salt stream;b. said trap having packing media to remove impurities from the molten salt stream.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the trap comprises a phase separator.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the trap controls the removal of impurities by controlling temperature of the molten salt stream.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the trap controls the removal of impurities through controlling chemical potential of the molten salt stream.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the trap controls the removal of impurities through controlling the electrochemical potential of the molten salt stream.6. The method of claim 2 , wherein the phase separator comprises a vessel with a packed bed claim 2 , wherein the packed bed is comprised of a beryllium alloy.7. The method of claim 2 , wherein phase separator comprises a vessel with a packed bed claim 2 , wherein the packed bed is comprised of a lithium alloy.8. The method of claim 2 , wherein the method includes a degassing stream.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the trap comprises a degasser.10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the trap controls the removal of impurities by controlling temperature of the molten salt stream.11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the trap controls the removal of ...

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Номер записи: 62
23-04-2020 дата публикации

METHOD OF PRODUCING HYDROCARBON AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING HYDROCARBON

Номер: US20200123079A1
Автор: Itoh Miki, Niikawa Miki, Park Kwihwan, Sajiki Hironao, SAWAMA Yoshinari
Принадлежит:

A hydrocarbon is produced by applying mechanical energy to a metal body containing stainless steel by solid-solid contact so that a contact pressure per unit area is 30 kPa or more, in the presence of a gas containing carbon dioxide and a hydrogen source, thereby adding hydrogen to carbon dioxide. Further, a hydrocarbon is produced by providing a reaction vessel for applying mechanical energy to a metal body by solid-solid contact in the presence of a gas containing carbon dioxide and a hydrogen source, a gas introduction unit for introducing the gas containing carbon dioxide to the reaction vessel, a hydrogen source introduction unit for introducing the hydrogen source to the reaction vessel, and a gas discharge unit for discharging a gas containing the hydrocarbon produced in the reaction vessel, and adding hydrogen to the carbon dioxide in the reaction vessel. 1. A method of producing a hydrocarbon from carbon dioxide , comprising applying mechanical energy to a metal body containing stainless steel by solid-solid contact so that a contact pressure per unit area is 30 kPa or more in the presence of a gas containing carbon dioxide and a hydrogen source , thereby adding hydrogen to carbon dioxide to produce a hydrocarbon.2. The method of producing a hydrocarbon according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrogen source is water.3. The method of producing a hydrocarbon according to claim 1 , wherein a production amount or a production efficiency of a hydrocarbon to be produced is controlled by controlling an amount of the mechanical energy.4. The method of producing a hydrocarbon according to claim 1 , wherein an amount or a concentration of the carbon dioxide or the hydrocarbon is detected and fed back to control one or more of an amount of the gas containing carbon dioxide and an amount of the mechanical energy.5. The method of producing a hydrocarbon according to claim 1 , wherein the adding of hydrogen to carbon dioxide is performed by metal carbonating the carbon ...

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Номер записи: 63
18-05-2017 дата публикации

Enhanced homogenous catalyzed reactor systems

Номер: US20170137344A1
Автор: Abduljelil ILIYAS, Abdullah Alqahtani, Shahid Azam, Shehzada Khurram, Waheed Al-Masry
Принадлежит: SABIC Global Technologies BV

An energy storage system is provided. The energy storage system includes a vessel made of a refractory material and containing a phase change material, a thermally insulating cover at least partially surrounding the vessel, an emitter, made of a refractory material, having a first side arranged to be heated by the phase change material and a second side intended to radiate thermal power, at least one photovoltaic cell arranged to receive the thermal power emitted by the second side of the emitter, and electric means for heating the phase change material.

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Номер записи: 64
21-08-2014 дата публикации

MIXING DEVICE WITH TANGENTIAL INLETS FOR TWO-PHASE CONCURRENT VESSELS

Номер: US20140231308A1
Автор: Muller Morten
Принадлежит: MORTEN MULLER LTD. APS

A mixing device for mixing concurrently-flowing streams of vapor and liquid in a vessel contains flow baffles forming a tangential inlet orifice through which the liquid and vapor streams flow at high flow velocity and in a tangential direction into a swirl box. The high momentum of the streams in the inlet orifice, the tangential direction of the streams, and the large distance between the inlet orifice and the vessel centerline, result in a violent swirling flow and a large number of fluid rotations in the swirl box, thereby thoroughly mixing the streams entering through the inlet orifice. A mixed stream of vapor and liquid exits the mixing device through an outlet opening in the bottom of the mixing device. An impingement plate located below the outlet opening spreads the liquid and decreases the velocity of the mixed stream. The temperature and chemical composition of the mixed stream are equilibrated. 1. A method for admixing vapor and liquid flowing concurrently in a catalytic reactor between an upper catalyst bed and a lower catalyst bed thereof , the method comprising the steps of:providing a swirl box comprising a top wall, a side wall and a bottom wall; an outlet opening in the bottom wall; and at least one tangential inlet orifice configured for entry of said vapor and liquid into said swirl box;passing said vapor and liquid from a space above said swirl box through said at least one tangential inlet orifice and into said swirl box at a location near said side wall and in a direction close to a flow direction of the swirling vapor and liquid inside the swirl box adjacent the at least one tangential inlet orifice;rotating said vapor and liquid around said outlet opening during a residence time inside said swirl box to provide mixing of said vapor and liquid; andpassing said vapor and liquid from said swirl box through said outlet opening to a space below said swirl box.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said side wall and said at least one ...

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Номер записи: 65
16-05-2019 дата публикации

CATALYTIC REACTOR CONFIGURATION, PREPARATION AND METHOD OF DIRECT SYNTHESIS OF ETHYLENE THROUGH OXYGEN-FREE CATALYSIS OF METHANE

Номер: US20190143288A1
Автор: Bao Xinhe, FANG Guangzong, GUO Xiaoguang, MENG Jingheng, PAN Xiulian, TAN Dali, YU Qinqin
Принадлежит:

A reactor configuration comprises an inlet section I, a preheating section II, a transition section III, a reaction section IV and an outlet section V; except for the preheating section II and the reaction section IV, the existence of the inlet section I, the transition section III and the outlet section V depends on reaction conditions; and the process realizes no coke deposition synthesis of methane and high selectivity synthesis of ethylene. The methane conversion rate is 20-90%; ethylene selectivity is 65-95%; propylene and butylene selectivity is 5-25%; aromatic hydrocarbon selectivity is 0-30%; and coke deposition is zero. 1. A catalytic reactor , at least comprising a preheating section and a reaction section , wherein the reaction section refers to directly lattice doping active components to the inner wall of a quartz tube or a silica carbide tube , or coating Si-based material lattice-doped by the active components to the inner wall of the quartz tube or the silica carbide tube to form a dopant thin layer , and the quartz tube or the silica carbide tube with the inner wall which is directly doped or doped by coating is called as the reaction section; reaction conditions of the catalytic reactor configuration optionally include one or two of an inlet section located at the front of the preheating section or a transition section located between the preheating section and the reaction section or an outlet section located at the rear of the reaction section , or simultaneously include the above inlet section , the transition section and the outlet section; and two sections or three to five sections of the inlet section , the preheating section , the transition section , the reaction section and the outlet section are respectively manufactured and connected.2. The catalytic reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the length II of the preheating section and the length IV of the reaction section are respectively 50-2000 mm.3. The catalytic reactor according to ...

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Номер записи: 66
31-05-2018 дата публикации

Process and Reactor System for Oxidizing Cycloalkylbenzene

Номер: US20180148406A1
Автор: CHANG Min, Igci Yesim, Patel Bryan A.
Принадлежит:

Disclosed are processes and systems for oxidizing cycloalkylbenzene such as cyclohexylbenzene to make an oxygenate such as a hydroperoxide thereof. A liquid distributor having multiple liquid ingress ports is used for supplying a cycloalkylbenzene-containing liquid into an oxidation reactor in the form of liquid streams forming part of the reaction medium. A gas distributor distributing an O-containing gas into the reaction medium in the form of gas streams is preferably located below the liquid distributor. Preferably the gas bubbles upwards in the reaction medium. The agitation and mixing provided by the liquid streams, gas streams/bubbles result in sufficient homogeneity of cycloalkylbenzene concentration, cycloalkylbenzene hydroperoxide concentration, dissolved oxygen concentration, and temperature in the liquid phase. 1. A process for oxidizing cycloalkylbenzene in an oxidation reactor comprising a reactor body and a liquid distributor housed inside the reactor body , the process comprising:(I) supplying a cycloalkylbenzene-containing liquid through the liquid distributor into the reactor body; and{'sub': '2', '(II) contacting the cycloalkylbenzene-containing liquid with an O-containing gas in the reactor body;'}wherein the liquid distributor is arranged such that during normal operation of the oxidation reactor: (a) the liquid reaction medium inside the reactor body above the liquid distributor is agitated at least partly by the flowing liquid supplied from the liquid distributor; and (b) the liquid reaction medium at least 10 centimeters above the liquid distributor has a concentration variation of the cycloalkylbenzene not higher than 20%.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the cycloalkylbenzene is cyclohexylbenzene.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the liquid distributor is located at a distance from the bottom of the reactor body in a range from 5 centimeters to 500 centimeters.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the O-containing gas is supplied into the ...

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Номер записи: 67
16-05-2019 дата публикации

Thin film liquid thermal testing

Номер: US20190145948A1
Автор: Gregory C. Miiller, Jonathan C. Evans, Marta Manning, Theodore W. Selby, William John VanBergen
Принадлежит: Tannas Co

Elevated temperature liquid testing apparatus and methodology in which a thin film of test liquid and a reactant/control gas are provided about the top of a depositor member that is surrounded by a special mantle, for example, a substantially cylindrically walled glass mantle. As an oxidative engine oil test, it may mimic turbocharger conditions of a modern internal combustion engine. For example, employing moist air, the apparatus can test a thin film of engine oil for oxidation deposits at a predetermined temperature, say, 285° C., 290° C., or cycled between 285° C. or 290° C. and 320° C. or 330° C.

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Номер записи: 68
22-09-2022 дата публикации

Processing System and Method for Producing a Particulate Material

Номер: US20220297076A1
Автор: CHEN Liang-Yuh, Wang Yan, YANG LU
Принадлежит:

A processing system and method of producing a particulate material from a liquid mixture are provided. The processing system generally includes a system inlet connected to one or more gas lines to deliver one or more gases into the processing system, one or more power jet modules adapted to jet a liquid mixture into one or more streams of droplets and to force the one or more streams of droplets into the processing system, and a reaction chamber adapted to deliver the one or more streams of droplets in the presence of the one or more gases and process the one or more streams of droplets into the particulate material. The method includes delivering one or more gases into a processing system, jetting the liquid mixture into one or more first droplets streams using one or more power jet modules of the processing system and into the processing system, and reacting the one or more first droplets streams delivered from the processing chamber inside a reaction chamber of the processing system in the presence of the one or more gases into the particulate material at a first temperature. 1. A processing system of producing a particulate material for a battery cell from a liquid mixture , comprising:one or more first gas sources having one or more first gases therein and being connected to one or more first gas lines;a system inlet connected to the one or more first gas lines to deliver the one or more first gases into the processing system and generate uniform gas flows; at least one nozzle array; and', 'one or more arrays of two or more orifices on the at least one nozzle array, wherein each orifice is connected to one or more liquid sources having the liquid mixture therein, and provided to jet the liquid mixture into one or more streams of droplets into the processing system;, 'at least one power jet comprising, 'an array of two or more power jet modules, wherein each power jet module comprisesa dispersion chamber connected to the power jet modules, wherein the dispersion ...

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Номер записи: 69
07-06-2018 дата публикации

Process For Preparing Calcium Fluoride From Fluosilicic Acid

Номер: US20180155207A1
Автор: Kossir Abdelaali, Samrane Kamal
Принадлежит: OCP SA

The invention relates to a process for preparing synthetic calcium fluoride (CaF) (min 90% CaFby weight) from fluosilicic acid, comprising the following steps: 1. A process for preparing synthetic calcium fluoride (CaF) from fluosilicic acid , comprising the following steps:{'sub': 2', '6, '(a) reacting fluosilicic acid (HSiF) with ammonium hydroxide or ammonia in a first reactor so as to obtain a first slurry; filtering said first slurry so as to obtain a filtrate containing a solution of ammonium fluoride;'}{'sub': '3', '(b) precipitating the solution of ammonium fluoride obtained as a filtrate in step (a) with calcium carbonate (CaCO) as a dry form or as a suspension at a concentration ranging from 10 to 80% by weight in a second reactor so as to produce a second slurry containing calcium fluoride and ammonium carbonate; filtering said second slurry so as to obtain a filter cake containing calcium fluoride and a filtrate containing a solution of ammonium carbonate; washing and drying said filter cake so as to obtain calcium fluoride and a filter cake washing containing a solution of ammonium carbonate; wherein a portion of the second slurry ranging from 10 to 70% is recycled to the second reactor so as to enhance calcium fluoride crystallization in the second reactor;'}(c) evolving the major part of ammonia from the second reactor in step (b) because of partial decomposition of ammonium carbonate under reactor conditions and then scrubbing and returning said ammonia to the first reactor, and gathering and treating by distillation and condensation both ammonium carbonate solutions obtained as the filtrate and the filter cake washing in step (b) to recover liquid ammonia which is recycled to the first reactor.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein at step (a) the filtration of the first slurry produces a filter cake containing amorphous precipitated silica and said silica cake is further washed and dried.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the concentration of the ...

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Номер записи: 70
24-06-2021 дата публикации

HEAT EXCHANGER

Номер: US20210187412A1
Автор: POPA Dorin
Принадлежит: Stamicarbon B.V.

Disclosed is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger type with a tube bundle and has a redistribution chamber connected to tubes of the tube bundle and to a duct. The duct extends between the redistribution chamber and the shell. 1. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger which comprises a vessel which comprises a shell and at least one tube bundle , wherein the shell encloses a vessel space , wherein the tube bundle comprises tubes having ends , and wherein a shell space is provided between the tubes and the shell ,wherein the heat exchanger further comprises a redistribution chamber located in said vessel space, wherein said redistribution chamber comprises a wall for separating a first fluid in the shell space from a second fluid inside the redistribution chamber,wherein a plurality of said tubes are connected to a single redistribution chamber such that said second fluid can flow between said tubes and said redistribution chamber,wherein the heat exchanger further comprises a duct extending from an opening for the second fluid in said shell through said vessel space to said redistribution chamber, such that the second fluid can flow between a tube end and said opening for the second fluid in said shell through said redistribution chamber and said duct.215-. (canceled)16. The heat exchanger according to claim 1 , wherein each duct has a first duct end connected with a wall of the redistribution chamber and a second end connected with the shell.17. The heat exchanger according to claim 16 , wherein the first duct end is aligned with an opening in the wall and the second duct end is aligned with an opening in the shell claim 16 , such that fluid can flow from outside the shell to the redistribution chamber through the duct; wherein the duct is at least in part located in the vessel; wherein the first duct end is located in the vessel; wherein the duct extends through the vessel space; and wherein the outer surface of the duct is exposed to the shell space.18. The heat exchanger ...

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Номер записи: 71
15-06-2017 дата публикации

Hydrogen Sulfide Production Process and Related Reactor Vessels

Номер: US20170166447A1
Автор: Hasenberg Daniel M, Mertens Ives, Pauwels Alex
Принадлежит:

The present invention discloses a hydrogen sulfide reactor vessel with an external heating system that is conductively and removably attached to an exterior portion of the reactor vessel. Also disclosed are processes for producing hydrogen sulfide utilizing the reactor vessel. 1. A HS reactor vessel comprising:(a) a reaction chamber comprising a reactor wall, the reaction chamber configured to contain liquid sulfur;(b) a reactor inlet for liquid sulfur, the reactor inlet positioned at an upper portion of the reactor vessel;(c) a reactor outlet for liquid sulfur, the reactor outlet positioned at a lower portion of the reactor vessel;(d) a gas inlet for a hydrogen-containing gas, the gas inlet connected to a gas distributor, the gas distributor positioned above the reactor outlet for liquid sulfur and configured to inject the hydrogen-containing gas into the liquid sulfur in the reaction chamber;{'sub': '2', '(e) a gas outlet for a HS-rich gas stream, the gas outlet positioned above the reactor inlet;'}(f) an internal heating system, the internal heating system positioned in the liquid sulfur in the reaction chamber during continuous operation of the reactor vessel and configured to maintain an operating temperature above the melting point of sulfur; and(g) an external heating system comprising a heated reactor conduit conductively and removably attached to a portion of an exterior surface of the reactor wall, wherein at least a portion of the heated reactor conduit is positioned in close proximity to the internal heating system and is configured to maintain a start-up temperature of the liquid sulfur above the melting point of sulfur at least until a level of the liquid sulfur in the reaction chamber is above the internal heating system.2. The vessel of claim 1 , wherein the reactor vessel is configured for an operating temperature of at least about 300° C.3. The vessel of claim 1 , wherein the hydrogen-containing gas comprises H.4. The vessel of claim 1 , wherein ...

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Номер записи: 72
25-06-2015 дата публикации

Trihalosilane refining device

Номер: US20150174506A1
Автор: Jong Ku Lee, Joon Ho Shin, Sung Kyu Lee, Sung Kyun KIM
Принадлежит: LG Chem Ltd

A trihalosilane refining device and a trihalosilane refining method are provided. The trihalosilane refining device can be useful in obtaining high-purity trihalosilane from a feed containing a trihalosilane while consuming a small amount of energy.

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Номер записи: 73
23-06-2016 дата публикации

Gas diffusion system and method for introducing a gas stream in an apparatus, in particular a passivating gas stream in a urea plant

Номер: US20160175795A1
Автор: Paolo Minola
Принадлежит: Saipem Spa

A gas diffusion system configured to feed a gas stream, in particular a passivating gas stream, into an apparatus, in particular a decomposer, of a urea plant; the system extends along an axis and has a gas feed conduit having an outlet from which the gas flows substantially parallel to the axis, and a diffuser assembly configured to diffuse the gas supply from the conduit; the diffuser assembly is shaped so as to intercept the gas stream flowing axially from the outlet, and divert the gas stream substantially radially with respect to the axis and uniformly about the axis.

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Номер записи: 74
08-07-2021 дата публикации

REACTOR SYSTEM

Номер: US20210205774A1
Автор: Austic Gregory B., Burton Rachel, Fan Xiaohu
Принадлежит:

A reactor tank is provided having an enzyme inlet, a heating jacket positioned around the exterior center of the tank, a gas outlet for communicating with a vacuum apparatus to create a vacuum within the reactor tank and for communicating with a condensing unit, a first gas inlet for receiving gas from a feed tank and a first liquid outlet for recirculating the liquid from the first liquid outlet back to the feed tank. The reactor tank further includes a sparged unit and a screen positioned within the tank between the sparged unit and the first liquid outlet, where the sparged unit is connected to the first gas inlet for receiving gas from the feed tank. The reactor tank is utilized in a reactor system further including a condensing unit, vacuum pump or venturi valve, a first feed tank connected to the first gas inlet, a coalescer having at least one circulation pipe and a first circulation pump connected to the first liquid outlet for circulating a portion of the liquid dispelled from the liquid outlet to the coalescer, which after being filtered through coalescer is recirculated through circulation pipe back to the first feed tank. 1. A reactor comprising:a tank having a catalyst inlet;a heating jacket positioned around the exterior center of the tank;a gas outlet for communicating with a contact condenser unit for the continuous removed of water from the tank during use;a first gas inlet for receiving gas from a feed tank;a first liquid outlet for recirculating the liquid from the first liquid outlet back to the feed tank;a sparged unit positioned within the tank and in communication with the first gas inlet to sparge the gas received through the first gas inlet; anda screen positioned within the tank between the sparged unit and the first liquid outlet.2. The reactor of further includes a second gas outlet on the second end of the vessel to vent air from the reactor.3. The reactor of further including an agitator mount.4. The reactor of further including a raw ...

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Номер записи: 75
18-09-2014 дата публикации

Reactor Vessel for Complexecelle Formation

Номер: US20140271413A1
Автор: Frianeza-Kullberg Teresita
Принадлежит: Perfect Lithium Corp.

A reactor vessel for complexecelle formation is described. The reactor vessel has a vessel for containing a first reactant wherein the vessel comprises an open top. A lid is provided for attachment to the vessel which is adapted for sealing the open top. An impeller shaft extends through the lid and into the vessel wherein the impeller comprises at least one stirrer blade extending from the impeller shaft and the impeller shaft is adapted to rotate in the first reactant. A gas diffuser extends into the first reactant. A gas source is provided which is capable of providing gas to the gas diffuser for dispersing the gas into the first reactant. The rotating impeller shaft and gas source are capable of simultaneously acting to form bubble surfaces of the first reactant. A metering device is provided for introducing a second reactant to the vessel onto the bubble surfaces. 1. A reactor vessel for complexecelle formation comprising:a vessel for containing a first reactant wherein said vessel comprises an open top;a lid for attachment to said vessel adapted for sealing said open top;an impeller shaft extending through said lid into said vessel wherein said impeller comprises at least one stirrer blade extending from said impeller shaft and wherein said impeller shaft is adapted to rotate in said first reactant;a gas diffuser extending into said first reactant;a gas source capable of providing gas to said gas diffuser for dispersing said gas into said first reactant;wherein said rotating impeller shaft and said gas source are capable of simultaneously acting to form bubble surfaces of said first reactant; anda metering device for introducing a second reactant to said vessel onto said bubble surfaces.2. The reactor vessel for complexecelle formation of wherein said at least one stirrer blade comprises a core and coiled loops around said core.3. The reactor vessel for complexecelle formation of wherein said at least one stirrer blade comprises a cross-brace.4. The reactor ...

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Номер записи: 76
05-07-2018 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING UNSATURATED ALDEHYDE AND/OR UNSATURATED CARBOXYLIC ACID

Номер: US20180186712A1
Автор: Hiraoka Ryota, Kawamura Tomoyuki, Sugiyama Motohiko, YASUDA Shogo
Принадлежит: Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha

Provided is a method for producing an unsaturated aldehyde and/or an unsaturated carboxylic acid, which enables one to achieve an operation stably over a long period of time while improving an effective yield, even in a high-load reaction, and in the method for producing an unsaturated aldehyde and/or an unsaturated carboxylic acid, multilayer filling of stacking two or more catalyst layers each containing a complex metal oxide catalyst in the axial direction of the tube under specified conditions is performed, and the catalyst layer on the most gas outlet side in the tube axis contains a catalyst containing a compound represented by a specified formulation formula. 2. The method for producing an unsaturated aldehyde and/or an unsaturated carboxylic acid according to claim 1 ,wherein in a step of preparing the compound represented by the formula (1), a molybdenum component raw material is constituted of only an ammonium molybdate, and a weight of water for dissolution is 8.5 times or less relative to a weight of molybdenum contained in the ammonium molybdate; anda bismuth component raw material is constituted of only bismuth nitrate, a weight of a nitric acid aqueous solution for dissolution is 2.3 times or more relative to a weight of bismuth contained in the bismuth nitrate, and a concentration of nitric acid of the nitric acid aqueous solution for dissolving bismuth nitrate therein is 10% by weight or more.3. The method for producing an unsaturated aldehyde and/or an unsaturated carboxylic acid according to claim 1 ,wherein the complex metal oxide catalyst is a spherical coating catalyst in which catalytic active components are supported on a surface of an inert carrier.4. The method for producing an unsaturated aldehyde and/or an unsaturated carboxylic acid according to claim 1 ,wherein a load of the alkene in the raw material gas to be supplied into the multitubular reactor is 100 times or more (converted in a standard state) relative to a unit catalyst volume ...

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Номер записи: 77
13-07-2017 дата публикации

Purified Silicon, Devices and Systems for Producing Same

Номер: US20170197841A1
Автор: Showalter M. Robert
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure provides devices and systems that utilize concurrent and countercurrent exchange platforms to produce purified silicon. 1. A device for purifying silicon comprising:a vessel having a top end, an opposing bottom end, and a sidewall extending between the opposing ends and defining a chamber;a silicon inlet at a top portion of the vessel for introducing molten silicon into the chamber;a gas injection structure at a bottom portion of the vessel, the gas injection structure having a plurality of orifices for introducing a gas comprising oxygen into the chamber in the form of bubbles, where introduction of the gas bubbles into the molten silicon oxidizes silicon at the outside of the bubbles and produces a plurality of in situ silica-walled gas filled beads in the chamber;a countercurrent exchange section located between the silicon inlet and the gas injection structure, the countercurrent exchange section comprising(1) a controlled downward flow of the molten silicon;(2) a controlled upward flow of the beads;wherein the countercurrent flow between the molten silicon and the silica-walled gas filled beads provides intimate high area contact between the down-flowing molten silicon and the up-flowing beads that enables impurities present in the molten silicon to transfer into the up-flowing silica walled gas filled beads so that the down-flowing molten silicon is purified.2. The device of wherein the transfer of impurities to the silica-walled gas filled beads convert the relatively pure bead silica walls initially formed by bubbling to less pure bead silica walls claim 1 , so that the plurality of up-flowing gas filled beads carry impurities upward as the molten silicon flows downward.3. The device of wherein the countercurrent exchange section has a volume and the volume comprises a packed bed the of beads and interstitial molten silicon.4. The device of wherein the countercurrent exchange section comprises from 20 vol % to 35 vol % molten silicon ...

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Номер записи: 78
21-07-2016 дата публикации

Column with angular profiles

Номер: US20160206970A1
Автор: Christian Matten, Gerhard Alzner
Принадлежит: Linde GmbH

The invention relates to a column having: a shell, which is extended along a longitudinal axis and encloses an interior of the column, at least one mass transfer tray, which is extended along a column cross section, extending transversely to the longitudinal axis, of the column, and at least one liquid distributor, which is designed to feed the at least one mass transfer tray with a liquid phase. In accordance with the invention, the mass transfer tray has a plurality of runoff elements extending parallel to and at a distance from one another, more particularly in the form of angular profiles, which are each extended along the column cross section, where the runoff elements each have first and second runoff surfaces extended along the column cross section, and where the two runoff surfaces converge along the longitudinal axis in the direction of the liquid distributor and meet, and in so doing form an edge extended along the column cross section, and where the liquid distributor is designed to apply the liquid phase to the edges of the runoff elements, so that the liquid phase applied to the respective runoff element flows off from the respective runoff element via the runoff surfaces at both sides of the respective edge.

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Номер записи: 79
19-07-2018 дата публикации

Furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid purge process

Номер: US20180201596A1
Автор: Ashfaq Shahanawaz Shaikh, Kenny Randolph Parker, Lee Reynolds Partin, Mesfin Ejerssa Janka
Принадлежит: Eastman Chemical Co

Disclosed is an oxidation process to produce a crude carboxylic acid product carboxylic acid product. The process comprises oxidizing a feed stream comprising at least one oxidizable compound to generate a crude carboxylic acid slurry comprising furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid (FDCA) and compositions thereof. Also disclosed is a process to produce a dry purified carboxylic acid product by utilizing various purification methods on the crude carboxylic acid.

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Номер записи: 80
19-07-2018 дата публикации

PRECIPITATED CALCIUM CARBONATE WITH IMPROVED RESISTANCE TO STRUCTURAL BREAKDOWN

Номер: US20180201789A1
Автор: Dalton Michael, Gane Patrick A.C., Kreuger Wolfgang, Maurer Marc, Ridgway Catherine Jean, Salonen Aaro, Skrzypczak Mathieu, Spiegel Holger, Wenk Joe
Принадлежит:

The present invention is directed to a process for producing precipitated calcium carbonate with improved resistance to structural breakdown, wherein the milk of lime is carbonated in the presence of at least one gas other than carbon dioxide, or the carbonation is carried out in the presence of a static gas bubble comminution unit as well as to precipitated calcium carbonate obtained by such a process. 1. A process for producing precipitated calcium carbonate comprising the steps of:a) providing a calcium oxide containing material,b) providing an aqueous solution,c) providing a gas comprising carbon dioxide,{'sub': '2', 'd) preparing a milk of lime comprising Ca(OH)by mixing the aqueous solution of step b) with the calcium oxide containing material of step a),'} [{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'i) the gas of step c) further comprises at least one gas other than carbon dioxide and the gas of step c) is introduced at a rate of 0.06 to 5.00 kg gas/h per kg of dry Ca(OH)with the proviso that the carbon dioxide is introduced at a rate of 0.05 to 3.50 kg CO/h per kg of dry Ca(OH), and/or'}, 'ii) the carbonation is carried out in the presence of a static gas bubble comminution unit that is located in the milk of lime and the gas of step c) is flushed around and/or through the static gas bubble comminution unit., 'e) carbonating the milk of lime obtained from step d) with the gas of step c) to form an aqueous suspension of precipitated calcium carbonate, wherein'}2. The process of claim 1 , characterized in that the process further comprises the steps off) separating the precipitated calcium carbonate from the aqueous suspension obtained from step e), and optionallyg) drying the separated precipitated calcium carbonate obtained from step f).3. The process of claim 1 , characterized in that the aqueous solution of step b) consists only of water.4. The process of claim 1 , characterized in that the aqueous solution of step b) comprises further additives selected from the group ...

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Номер записи: 81
06-08-2015 дата публикации

WEIR QUENCH AND PROCESSES INCORPORATING THE SAME

Номер: US20150217256A1
Автор: Bai Hua, Luebbe Thomas U., McMurray Victor E., Tirtowidjojo Max M.
Принадлежит: Dow Global Technologies LLC

The present invention provides a weir quench, an apparatus comprising a reactor and the weir quench and processes incorporating the same. The weir quench incorporates an inlet having an inner diameter (Di) and an upper chamber having an inner diameter (Duc), wherein the inlet inner diameter (Di) is at least 90% of the upper chamber inner diameter (Duc). The apparatus comprises a reactor having an outlet with an inner diameter fluidly coupled with the weir quench inlet, wherein the ratio of the reactor outlet inner diameter (Dr) to the weir quench inlet diameter (Di) is greater than one. The weir quench, and apparatus comprising a reactor and the weir no quench, are advantageously utilized in processes utilizing a limiting reagent. 1. A weir quench comprising an inlet having an inner diameter , an upper chamber having an inner diameter and at least one downcomer having an inner diameter , wherein the inlet inner diameter is at least 90% of the upper chamber inner diameter and wherein the ratio of the inner diameter of the inlet to the downcomer inner diameter is greater than 3.2. (canceled)3. The weir quench of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the inlet inner diameter to the downcomer inner diameter is less than 6.4. The weir quench of claim 3 , wherein the ratio of the inlet inner diameter to the downcomer inner diameter is at least 4 and less than 5.5. The weir quench of claim 1 , wherein the weir quench comprises more than one downcomer.6. The weir quench of claim 1 , wherein the at least one downcomer has an inner diameter of at least 1 inch.7. The weir quench of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the downcomer length to the downcomer inner diameter is from 3 to 8.8. The weir quench of claim 1 , further comprising a lower chamber operatively disposed relative to the at least one downcomer claim 1 , and wherein the lower chamber comprises a baffle.9. An apparatus comprising:A reactor having an outlet with an inner diameter; andA weir quench fluidly connected to the ...

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Номер записи: 82
27-07-2017 дата публикации

Alkylbenzene hydroperoxide production using dispersed bubbles of oxygen containing gas

Номер: US20170210708A1
Автор: Andrey Vladimirovich Zinenkov, Arkady Samuilovich Dykman, Mark Erik Nelson
Принадлежит: SABIC Global Technologies BV

An apparatus for oxidation of a C 8 -C 12 alkylbenzene reactant to a C 8 -C 12 alkylbenzene hydroperoxide product, the re-actor can comprise: a flow reactor comprising a reactant inlet, an oxidate product outlet, wherein the reactor is configured to provide a liquid flow from the reactant inlet to the product outlet, a gas inlet configured to introduce an oxygen-containing gas into the reactor and an inlet sparger configured to flow gas bubbles comprising the oxygen-containing gas within the liquid flow, and wherein: the inlet sparger is configured to flow the gas bubbles having a diameter of 1.0 mm to 5.0 mm over a gas bubble residence time from 1 to 200 seconds, and/or the inlet sparger configured to flow the gas bubbles such that greater than or equal to 80% of the gas bubbles do not coalesce into larger bubbles over a gas bubble residence time of 1 to 200 seconds.

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Номер записи: 83
09-10-2014 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING WATER-ABSORBENT POLYMER PARTICLES WITH A HIGHER PERMEABILITY BY POLYMERIZING DROPLETS OF A MONOMER SOLUTION

Номер: US20140302321A1
Автор: Blei Stefan, Funk Rüdiger, Heide Wilfried, Hillebrecht Annemarie, Krüger Marco, Lösch Dennis, Seidl Volker, Stueven Uwe, Weismantel Matthias
Принадлежит: BASF SE

A process for preparing water-absorbing polymer beads with high permeability by polymerizing droplets of a monomer solution in a gas phase surrounding the droplets, wherein a water-insoluble inorganic salt is suspended in the monomer solution and the polymer beads have a mean diameter of at least 150 μm. 2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the monomer a) has at least one acid group.3. The process according to claim 2 , wherein the acid groups of the monomer a) are at least partly neutralized.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein monomer a) is acrylic acid to an extent of at least 50 mol %.5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer beads have a mean diameter of at least 200 μm.6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein at least 90% by weight of the polymer beads have a diameter of from 100 to 800 μm.7. The process according to claim 1 , wherein a carrier gas flows through a reaction chamber.8. The process according to claim 7 , wherein the carrier gas leaving the reaction chamber is recycled at least partly after one pass.9. The process according to claim 7 , wherein an oxygen content of the carrier gas is from 0.001 to 0.15% by volume.10. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer beads are dried and/or postcrosslinked in at least one further process step.11. Water-absorbing polymer beads prepared according to the process of .1221-. (canceled)22. A hygiene article comprising polymer beads prepared according to the process of . The present invention relates to a process for preparing water-absorbing polymer beads with high permeability by polymerizing droplets of a monomer solution in a gas phase surrounding the droplets, wherein a water-insoluble inorganic salt is suspended in the monomer solution and the polymer beads have a mean diameter of at least 150 μm.The preparation of water-absorbing polymer beads is described in the monograph “Modern Superabsorbent Polymer Technology”, F. L. Buchholz and A. T. Graham, Wiley- ...

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Номер записи: 84
04-07-2019 дата публикации

LIGHT ABSORBING MEMBER, MEMBER FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION, AND HYDROGEN PRODUCTION APPARATUS

Номер: US20190202691A1
Автор: AKIYAMA Masahide, OHKUMA Takeshi, Ono Kohei
Принадлежит:

A light absorbing member includes a ceramic composite having a plurality of first ceramic particles exhibiting positive resistance temperature characteristics in a first ceramics having an open porosity of 5% or lower. 1. A light absorbing member comprising:a ceramic composite having a plurality of first ceramic particles exhibiting positive resistance temperature characteristics in a first ceramic having an open porosity of 5% or lower.2. The light absorbing member according to claim 1 ,{'sub': '3', 'wherein the first ceramic particles are a perovskite type composite oxide represented as ABO.'}3. The light absorbing member according to claim 2 ,{'sub': 3', '3, 'wherein the first ceramic particles comprise La as an element of an A site of the ABOand comprises Mn as an element of a B site of the ABO.'}4. The light absorbing member according to claim 1 ,wherein a luminance of color of the first ceramic is 5 or higher in luminance indication classified by the Munsell color system.5. A member for hydrogen production comprising:a hydrogen generating part comprising a porous ceramic composite comprising second ceramic particles in a porous second ceramic; anda light absorbing part,{'claim-ref': [{'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}], 'wherein the light absorbing part comprises a first light absorbing member according to the light absorbing member according to and a second light absorbing member according to the light absorbing member according to .'}6. The member for hydrogen production according to claim 5 ,wherein the first ceramic particles and the second ceramic particles have an average particle diameter of 5 nm to 200 nm.7. The member for hydrogen production according to claim 5 ,{'sub': '3±δ', 'wherein the second ceramic particles are selected from the group consisting of AXO (where 0≤δ≤1, A: at least one of rare earth elements, alkaline earth elements, and alkali metal elements, X: at least one of transition metal elements and ...

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Номер записи: 85
16-10-2014 дата публикации

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING A GAS STREAM

Номер: US20140308029A1
Автор: Barbosa Luis
Принадлежит:

A process of treating hydrogen gas liberated from the acid or alkaline dissolution of a metal is provided. The process comprises a step of passing the liberated hydrogen gas through a reactor containing an oxidising agent for oxidation of the hydrogen gas into water, followed by a step of regenerating the oxidising agent. Also provided is an apparatus for carrying out the process, the apparatus comprising a reactor containing the oxidising agent, wherein the reactor is at least partially immersed in an alumina bath. 1. A heating apparatus comprising an alumina bath supplied with one or more external heating elements , wherein the alumina bath defines a cavity into which a reactor may be placed , the reactor comprising an oxidising agent for the oxidation of hydrogen gas into water.2. The heating apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the oxidising agent comprises copper oxide.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the oxidising agent is diluted with an inert diluent.4. The heating apparatus of claim 2 , wherein hydrogen gas is passed into the CuO reactor in which the hydrogen gas is oxidised into water while the CuO is converted into Cu.5. The heating apparatus of claim 4 , wherein a stream of air-containing nitrogen gas (N2/air) is fed into the CuO reactor to oxidise Cu in order to regenerate CuO.6. The heating apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the reactor is at least partially immersed in the alumina bath.7. The heating apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the reactor is completely immersed in the alumina bath.8. The heating apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the one or more external heating elements is selected from a collar claim 1 , a jacket claim 1 , and a heating coil.9. The heating apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the external heating elements are electrically heated.10. The hearing apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the alumina bath is a heat exchanger.11. The heating apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the alumina bath heats up the reactor to a desired initial reaction temperature with no ...

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Номер записи: 86
03-08-2017 дата публикации

TURBINE CONNECTED HYBRID SOLAR-SYNGAS POWER SYSTEM

Номер: US20170218840A1
Автор: HABIB MOHAMED ABDEL-AZIZ, Nemitallah Medhat Ahmed
Принадлежит: KING FAHD UNIVERSITY OF PETROLEUM AND MINERALS

A zero-emission, closed-loop and hybrid solar-produced syngas power cycle is introduced utilizing an oxygen transport reactor (OTR). The fuel is syngas produced within the cycle. The separated oxygen inside the OTR through the ion transport membrane (ITM) is used in the syngas-oxygen combustion process in the permeate side of the OTR. The combustion products in the permeate side of the OTR are COand HO. The combustion gases are used in a turbine for power production and energy utilization then a condenser is used to separate HO from CO. COis compressed to the feed side of the OTR. HO is evaporated after separation from COand fed to the feed side of the OTR. 113-. (canceled)14. A zero-emission closed-loop hybrid solar-syngas power cycle system , comprising:{'sub': '2', 'a solar reformer that converts methane to a syngas comprising CO and H;'}a first oxygen transport reactor comprising a first ion transport membrane separating a first feed side and a first permeate side, the first feed side having a first feed inlet and a first feed outlet and the first permeate side having a first permeate inlet and a first permeate outlet,{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2, 'wherein HO fed to the first feed inlet is converted into Hgas on the first feed side passes and oxygen that passes across the first ion transport membrane to the first permeate side; and a first gas mixture comprising Hand HO is passed from the first feed outlet of the first oxygen transport reactor;'}a second oxygen transport reactor comprising a second ion transport membrane separating a second feed side and a second permeate side, the second feed side having a second feed inlet and a second feed outlet and the second permeate side having a second permeate inlet and a second permeate outlet,{'sub': 2', '2, 'wherein COgas fed to the second feed inlet is converted into CO gas on the second feed side and oxygen that passes across the second ion transport membrane to the second permeate side; and a second gas mixture ...

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Номер записи: 87
11-07-2019 дата публикации

PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR THE UNIFORM DISTRIBUTION OF LIQUID ORGANIC SUBSTANCE IN THE FORM OF A THIN LAYER INTO A FALLING FILM REACTOR

Номер: US20190209992A1
Автор: DI CARPEGNA Giuseppe, PERANI Luigi
Принадлежит:

System and process for uniform distribution of liquid organic substance in thin layer form in a falling film reactor, defined by a plurality of tubes. It is contemplated to feed the same amount of liquid organic substance to all tubes and then distribute it uniformly as a thin layer on the perimeter of each tube and by two coupled plates and sheet interposed therebetween; the lower plate is machined to create a groove and a spillway around each hole, a slit of constant thickness. 1. A process for the uniform distribution of liquid organic substance in the form of a thin layer into a falling film reactor , the latter defined by a plurality of tubes; wherein it provides for feeding the same amount of liquid organic substance in all the tubes and then uniformly distributing it as a thin layer on the perimeter of each tube.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein it provides for feeding the organic substance into grooves each of which in turn provides for feeding the entire circumference of each tube3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein it is provided to transfer the organic substance from the groove to the tube passing through a slit of constant thickness smaller than 0.5 mm.4. A distribution system of an organic substance in a sulfonation process in a falling film reactor defined by a plurality of tubes claim 1 , wherein it comprises two coupled plates and a sheet interposed between the two; the plates are provided with a hole in correspondence to each tube claim 1 , having the same diameter as the interior of the tubes; the bottom plate claim 1 , is machined so as to create a groove around each hole.5. The system according to claim 4 , wherein the organic substance is fed to the grooves by means of channels formed in the thickness of the plate and through a connecting hole for each groove.6. The system according to claim 5 , wherein said hole has an orifice having a passage section of such a size as to generate a high product load loss.7. The system ...

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Номер записи: 88
12-08-2021 дата публикации

DEVICE FOR CHLORINATING TITANIUM-CONTAINING MATERIAL IN A SOLUTION OF CHLORIDE SALTS

Номер: US20210245131A1
Автор: CHUVASHOV Vyacheslav Yurievich, SARSEMBEKOV Turar Kusmanovich
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to non-ferrous metallurgy and concerns a device for chlorinating titanium-containing material in a solution of chloride salts. The technical effect of the invention is an increase in the service life of the device and a reduction in raw material losses. This technical effect is achieved by means of the proposed device for chlorinating titanium-containing material in a solution of chloride salts, comprising a housing, a lined upper cylindrical chamber for a gas-vapour mixture, a lined chlorinating chamber in the shape of an inverted truncated cone, the generatrix of which is inclined at an angle of 15-25° to the axis of the chamber, graphite electrodes, a hearth, tuyeres, chlorine feed lines, and a feedstock charging assembly, wherein the housing is provided with reinforcing ribs in the region of the chlorinating chamber and of an upper drainage pocket. 1. A device for chlorinating a titanium-containing raw material in a chloride-salt melt, comprising a housing, a lined upper cylindrical gas-vapor mixture chamber, a lined chlorination chamber configured as an inverted truncated cone having a generatrix inclined at an angle of 15°-25° to a chamber axis, graphite electrodes, a hearth, tuyeres, chloride feed lines, and a charge loading assembly arranged directly on the chlorination chamber, wherein a ratio between a diameter of the hearth, a diameter of the gas-vapor mixture chamber and a height of the chlorination chamber is 1:(1.2-1.5):(3.5-4.5), and wherein the housing is provided with reinforcing ribs in the region of the chlorination chamber and of an upper drainage pocket, the upper drainage pocket is lined with a graphite plate, and the tuyeres are provided with a compressed air feeding assembly comprising hoses with a metal double tube. The invention relates to non-ferrous metallurgy and concerns a device for chlorinating a titanium-containing raw material in a chloride-salt melt.RU 2165567 discloses a device for chlorinating a titanium- ...

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Номер записи: 89
20-08-2015 дата публикации

Gas-liquid reactor

Номер: US20150231596A1
Автор: Vladimir Vladimirovich Bushkov, Vladislav Sergeevich Stankevich
Принадлежит: Sibur Holding PJSC

The gas-liquid reactor relates to the field of process equipment for realization of gas-liquid processes and can be used in the chemical, petrochemical and other industries. The technical result of the present invention lies in the fact that the invention provedes maximum target product output and a plug flow regime. A further technical result lies in improving convenience in using and maintaining the reactor. Another technical result lies in that the invention makes it possible to assess, during the development stage and with high accuracy, the geometrical parameters of the reactor and the effects thereof on the speed of the chemical process and the output of target product. The gas-liquid reactor comprises housing with pipes for the introduction of reagents and the removal of reaction products. The reactor housing contains a pipe bundle situated in such a way that the space between the pipes does not communicate with the internal volume of said pipes. The reactor housing is also provided with input and output pipes which communicate with the space between the pipes for the supply of a coolant or heat-carrier. A rod is removably installed in at least one of the pipes. Plates are attached to the rod, each of the plates has at least one opening. The plates are arranged in such a way that the openings of neighboring plates are not coaxial in relation to one another.

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Номер записи: 90
11-08-2016 дата публикации

Heat recovery device

Номер: US20160231062A1
Автор: Joon Ho Shin, Sung Kyu Lee, Tae Woo Kim
Принадлежит: LG Chem Ltd

Disclosed are a heat recovery device and a heat recovery method. According to the heat recovery device, it is possible to recovery heat which is discontinuously generated in a batch reactor. In addition, a heat-exchanged heat exchange medium is supplied to a heat storage facility so that various kinds and a great quantity of steams can be produced, if necessary, thereby utilizing these produced steams in various industrial fields.

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Номер записи: 91
30-10-2014 дата публикации

CURING SYSTEMS FOR MATERIALS THAT CONSUME CARBON DIOXIDE AND METHOD OF USE THEREOF

Номер: US20140322083A1
Автор: Atakan Vahit, Hu Xudong, Kuppler John P., Smith Kenneth
Принадлежит: SOLIDIA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

The invention provides a curing system that is useful for curing materials that consume carbon dioxide as a reagent. The system has a curing chamber that contains the material to be cured and a gas that contains carbon dioxide. The system includes apparatus that can deliver carbon dioxide to displace ambient air upon loading the system, that can provide carbon dioxide as it is needed and as it is consumed, that can control carbon dioxide concentration, temperature and humidity in the curing chamber during the curing cycle and that can record and display to a user the variables that occur during the curing process. 1. A curing system for curing a material which requires COas a curing reagent , comprising:{'sub': 2', '2, 'a curing chamber configured to contain a material that consumes COas a reagent and that does not cure in the absence of COduring curing, said curing chamber having at least one port configured to allow said material to be introduced into said curing chamber and to be removed from said curing chamber, and having at least one closure for said port, said closure configured to provide an atmospheric seal when closed so as to prevent contamination of a gas present in said curing chamber by gas outside said curing chamber;'}a source of carbon dioxide configured to provide gaseous carbon dioxide to said curing chamber by way of a gas entry port in said curing chamber, said source of carbon dioxide having at least one flow regulation device configured to control a flow rate of said gaseous carbon dioxide into said curing chamber;{'sub': '2', 'a gas flow subsystem configured to circulate said gas through said curing chamber during a time period when said material that consumes COas a reagent is being cured;'}a temperature control subsystem configured to control a temperature of said gas within said chamber;a humidity control subsystem configured to control a humidity in said gas within said chamber; and{'sub': '2', 'at least one controller in communication ...

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Номер записи: 92
16-08-2018 дата публикации

Oxidation control for improved flue gas desulfurization performance

Номер: US20180229179A1
Автор: Raymond Raulfs Gansley
Принадлежит: General Electric Technology GmbH

A system and method of using the system for controlling oxidation of sulfites to reduce total nitrite and nitrate levels in a slurry is disclosed. The system includes a tank having an inlet for receiving a slurry produced in a wet flue gas desulfurization process. The tank also includes an inlet for receiving a gas. The inlet for receiving the gas is operable to disperse at least a portion of the gas received in the tank through at least a portion of the slurry received in the tank. A sensor is configured to measure a sulfite concentration of the slurry received in the tank to obtain a sulfite concentration measurement. In some embodiments, the sensor is a sulfite analyzer. In other embodiments, the sensor is a virtual analyzer. The system also includes a controller. Software executing on the controller generates an electronic signal affecting an adjustment of a flow rate of gas into the slurry in the tank based at least in part on the sulfite concentration/sulfite concentration measurement.

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Номер записи: 93
26-08-2021 дата публикации

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DIRECT THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF A HYDROCARBON COMPOUND INTO CARBON AND HYDROGEN

Номер: US20210260553A1
Автор: VAN LOOKEREN CAMPAGNE Constant Johan
Принадлежит:

A method of carrying out direct thermal decomposition of a hydrocarbon compound into carbon and hydrogen comprises: introducing a gaseous feed stream comprising at least one hydrocarbon compound into a reactor; and removing at least hydrogen gas and particulate carbon formed by thermal decomposition from the reactor. The method includes providing in the reactor a layer permeable to the particulate carbon and comprising loose particles other than the particulate carbon in a gas phase and passing the gaseous feed stream through the layer. The loose particles other than the particulate carbon comprise particles comprising a catalyst on a carrier. The method includes removing at least part of the layer from the reactor, separating constituents of the removed part, the constituents including some of the particles comprising a catalyst on a carrier, and returning the separated particles comprising a catalyst on a carrier to the layer. 120-. (canceled)21. A method of carrying out direct thermal decomposition of a hydrocarbon compound into carbon and hydrogen , comprising:introducing a gaseous feed stream comprising at least one hydrocarbon compound into a reactor; andremoving at least hydrogen gas and particulate carbon formed by thermal decomposition from the reactor, providing in the reactor a layer permeable to the particulate carbon and comprising loose particles other than the particulate carbon in a gas phase, and', 'passing the gaseous feed stream through the layer,, 'wherein the method includeswherein the loose particles other than the particulate carbon comprise particles comprising a catalyst on a carrier; andwherein the method includes: (i) removing at least part of the layer from the reactor, (ii) separating constituents of the removed part, the constituents including some of the particles comprising a catalyst on a carrier, and (iii) returning the separated particles comprising a catalyst on a carrier to the layer; the layer forms a fluidised bed; and', 'the ...

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Номер записи: 94
26-08-2021 дата публикации

NITRATION REACTOR AND METHOD

Номер: US20210260560A1
Автор: Meili Stefan F.
Принадлежит:

A nitration reactor () incorporating sections of downward flow for use in preparing nitrated organic compounds. It comprises a first vertically-oriented reactor section (), a second vertically-oriented reactor section (), a connecting section () between the two reactor sections, one or more inlets () for introducing nitration reactants into the reactor, an outlet () for the removal of nitration reaction products, a vertically-downward flowpath () for the nitration reactants in one of the reactor sections or the connecting section, and operating conditions that produce a flow regime in the vertically-downward flowpath that is a dispersed flow regime or a bubbly flow regime. The invention overcomes the limitations of prior art nitration reactors of the type in which fluids flow largely in a vertically upward direction, with respect to hydrostatic demands and plant layout considerations. 15-. (canceled)711-. (canceled)12. A nitration reactor according to claim 6 , wherein the section having the vertically-downward flowpath is the connecting section.13. A nitration reactor according to claim 6 , wherein the section having the vertically-downward flowpath is the first reactor section.14. A nitration reactor according to claim 6 , wherein the section having the vertically-downward flowpath is the second reactor section.15. A nitration reactor according to claim 6 , wherein the first reactor section and the second reactor section have the same configuration.16. A nitration reactor according to claim 6 , wherein the first reactor section and the second reactor section have a different configuration.1718-. (canceled)19. A nitration reactor according to claim 6 , further comprising a plurality of additional vertically-oriented reactor sections and connecting sections connected in series downstream of the second reactor section claim 6 , at least one of said additional reactor sections and connecting sections having an additional vertically-downward flowpath for the nitration ...

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Номер записи: 95
25-08-2016 дата публикации

JET LOOP REACTOR WITH NANOFILTRATION AND GAS SEPARATOR

Номер: US20160243519A1
Автор: Franke Robert, Hamers Bart
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a device for the continuous homogeneous catalytic reaction of a liquid with a gas and optionally a further fluid, wherein the device comprises at least one jet loop reactor having an external liquid circuit driven by at least one pump, and wherein the device has at least one membrane separation unit, preferably retaining the homogeneous catalyst, which membrane separation unit is arranged in the external liquid circuit of the jet loop reactor. The object thereof is to reduce the costs of the device. This is achieved by providing an additional apparatus, namely a gas separator, which is arranged in the external liquid circuit of the jet loop reactor and is installed for separating off gas from the external liquid circuit and feeding it back into the jet loop reactor. 1. A device for the continuous homogeneous catalytic reaction of a liquid with a gas and optionally a further fluid , wherein the device comprises at least one jet loop reactor having an external liquid circuit driven by at least one pump , and wherein the device has at least one membrane separation unit , preferably retaining the homogeneous catalyst , which membrane separation unit is arranged in the external liquid circuit of the jet loop reactor , wherein a gas separator is arranged in the external liquid circuit of the jet loop reactor , which gas separator is installed for separating off gas from the external liquid circuit and feeding it back into the jet loop reactor.2. The device according to claim 1 , wherein in the external liquid circuit claim 1 , upstream of the membrane separation unit claim 1 , a heat exchanger is arranged for cooling the feed of the membrane separation unit claim 1 , and in that the gas separator is arranged downstream of the heat exchanger upstream of the membrane separation unit.3. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the pump is arranged upstream of the membrane separation unit claim 1 , in particular in that it is arranged upstream of the ...

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Номер записи: 96
25-08-2016 дата публикации

Method And Device For Regenerating Hydrochloric Acid

Номер: US20160244330A1
Автор: Frank Barhold
Принадлежит: ANDRITZ AG

The subject matter of the present invention is a method to extract or recover hydrochloric acid from hydrochloric acid solutions containing metal by means of pyrohydrolytic treatment, followed by absorption and/or condensation of the gaseous hydrogen chloride thus formed in order to form hydrochloric acid. According to the invention, a first partial flow of the hydrochloric acid solution containing metal undergoes pyrohydrolytic treatment and a second partial flow of the metal-containing solution is fed to the absorption column. A device for implementing the process according to the invention is also the subject of the present invention.

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Номер записи: 97
23-07-2020 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING NANOPARTICLES FROM A LIQUID MIXTURE

Номер: US20200231438A1
Автор: Paschereit Christian Oliver, SCHIMEK Sebastian, SIEBER Moritz
Принадлежит: TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAT BERLIN

A process for the production of nanoparticles from a liquid mixture comprising at least one precursor and at least one solvent in a reactor with continuous through-flow comprises the steps of feeding at least one oxygen-containing gas inflow stream having a temperature into the at least one reactor, adding at least one fuel having a temperature to the oxygen-containing gas inflow stream, wherein the fuel and the oxygen-containing gas inflow stream form a homogeneous ignitable mixture having a temperature, wherein the temperature of the homogeneous ignitable mixture is above the autoignition temperature of the homogeneous ignitable mixture, introducing at least one precursor-solvent mixture into the homogeneous ignitable mixture; autoignition of the ignitable mixture of oxygen-containing gas and fuel after an ignition delay time to form a stabilized flame and reacting the precursor-solvent mixture in the stabilized flame to form nanoparticles from the metal salt precursor, removing the formed nanoparticles. 1. A process for the production of nanoparticles from a liquid mixture comprising at least one precursor and at least one solvent in a reactor with continuous through-flow , comprising:{'sub': 'I', 'a) feeding at least one oxygen-containing gas inflow stream having a temperature Tinto the at least one reactor,'}{'sub': F', 'IM', 'IM', 'AIM, 'b) adding at least one fuel having a temperature Tto the oxygen-containing gas inflow stream, wherein the fuel and the oxygen-containing gas inflow stream form a homogeneous ignitable mixture having a temperature T, wherein the temperature of the homogeneous ignitable mixture Tis above the autoignition temperature Tof the homogeneous ignitable mixture,'}c) introducing at least one precursor-solvent mixture into the homogeneous ignitable mixture,d) autoignition of the ignitable mixture of oxygen-containing gas and fuel after an ignition delay time tip to form a stabilized flame and reacting the precursor-solvent mixture in the ...

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Номер записи: 98
09-09-2021 дата публикации

Process For The Preparation Of Nanoparticles

Номер: US20210276882A1
Автор: CARNIDE Guillaume, CHAMPOURET Yohan, CLERGEREAUX Richard, KAHN Myrtil, MINGOTAUD Anne-Francoise, VAHLAS Constantin
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a “safety-by-design” method for the preparation of nanoparticles, to a method for the preparation of a nanocomposite material, and to the use of a direct liquid injection device so as to prepare nanoparticles or nanocomposite materials in a “safety-by-design” process. 1. A method for the preparation of nanoparticles selected from the group consisting of metal nanoparticles , metal oxide nanoparticles and semiconductor nanoparticles , at least one reacting chamber including at least one first inlet for admission of said liquid phase in said reacting chamber, at least one second inlet for admission of said gas phase in said reacting chamber, and an outlet for expulsion of said nanoparticles from said reacting chamber,', 'a liquid injector arranged upstream of the first inlet for injecting or spraying said liquid phase into said reacting chamber,', 'an injector of nanoparticles arranged downstream of the outlet for injecting or spraying said nanoparticles through an outlet of said nanoparticles injector, and', 'control means for controlling the injection or the spray of said liquid phase and/or said nanoparticles, and wherein said method comprises:', 'a step 1) of injecting a liquid phase comprising at least one nanoparticles precursor selected from the group consisting of precursors of metals, precursors of metal oxides and precursors of semiconductors in said reacting chamber through said liquid injector,', 'a step 2) of contacting said liquid phase with a gas phase comprising at least one carrier gas and at least one reacting gas, said step 2) being carried out in said reacting chamber,', 'a step 3) of reacting the nanoparticles precursor with the reacting gas so as to form nanoparticles, and', 'a step 4) of expulsion of the nanoparticles produced in step 3) from the reacting chamber through the nanoparticles injector, said nanoparticles being under the form of an aerosol at the outlet of the nanoparticles injector., 'wherein said ...

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Номер записи: 99
31-08-2017 дата публикации

FILM OZONOLYSIS IN A TUBULAR OR MULTITUBULAR REACTOR

Номер: US20170247306A1
Автор: ADAMI Icilio, BURNS Neil, CHAPEAUX Alexandre, Foley Patrick, MILICIA Antonio
Принадлежит:

The disclosure relates to a method of performing ozonolysis or ozone-based oxidation on a liquid or emulsified reagent using a tubular falling film reactor with one or multiple tubes wherein the combined ozone and carrier gas flow is co-current. 1. A method of performing ozonolysis or ozone-based oxidation on a liquid or emulsified reagent using a tubular falling film reactor with one or multiple tubes wherein the combined ozone and carrier gas flow is co-current.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the diameter of the tube(s) is between 5 mm and 5 m.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the diameter of the tube(s) is between 5 and 30 mm.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the diameter of the tube(s) is between 5 and 50 mm.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the diameter of the tube(s) is between 50 mm and 5 m.6. The method of where the tube diameter is between 50 mm and 5 m and an annular element is added in to regulate gas flow and to add additional film surface area.7. The method of any one of - claim 1 , wherein the length of the tube(s) is between 1 and 20 m.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the length of the tube(s) is between 1 and 7 m.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the length of the tube(s) is 1.7 m.10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the length of the tube(s) is 6 m.11. The method of claim 7 , wherein the length of the tube(s) is between 7 and 20 m.12. The method of any one of - claim 7 , wherein the distribution of gas within the tube(s) may be controlled by annular spaces for gas flow within the tube(s).13. The method of any one of - claim 7 , wherein multiple falling film tube reactors are used in series to process a continuous stream of liquid or emulsified reagent.14. A method of performing ozonolysis or ozone-based oxidation on a liquid or emulsified reagent with a gaseous reagent comprising ozone and one or more carrier gases claim 7 , the method comprising:(a) feeding the liquid or emulsified reagent from a common liquid or emulsified reagent feeding ...

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Номер записи: 100