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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
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Применить Всего найдено 11990. Отображено 100.
05-01-2012 дата публикации

Process for preparing isocyanates

Номер: US20120004445A1
Автор: Carsten Knoesche, Torsten Mattke, Vanessa Simone Lehr
Принадлежит: BASF SE

The invention relates to a process for preparing isocyanates by reacting the corresponding amines with phosgene, optionally in the presence of an inert medium, in which phosgene and amine are first mixed and converted to the isocyanate in a reactor, and in which a reaction gas which comprises isocyanate and hydrogen chloride leaving the reactor is cooled in a quench by adding a liquid quench medium to form a mixture of reaction gas and quench medium as the product stream. The walls of the quench are essentially completely wetted with a liquid.

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Номер записи: 1
29-03-2012 дата публикации

Heater and Related Methods Therefor

Номер: US20120076714A1
Автор: Bruce Hazeltine, Scott Fahrenbruck
Принадлежит: GTAT Corp

The invention relates generally to heaters and methods of using the heaters. In certain embodiments, a heater includes a pressure shell having a cylindrical heating cavity, an annular heat shield disposed within the cylindrical heating cavity, and at least one heating element disposed within an interior volume of the annular heat shield. In another embodiment, a method of preparing a trichlorosilane includes introducing a reactant stream comprising silicon tetrachloride into a heater, passing electrical current through a heating element to heat the reactant stream, and introducing the heated reactant stream into a reactor.

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Номер записи: 2
08-11-2012 дата публикации

Process for the preparation of a multimodal polyolefin polymer with improved hydrogen removal

Номер: US20120283396A1
Автор: Gerhardus Meier, Harald Prang, Michael Aulbach
Принадлежит: BASELL POLYOLEFINE GMBH

Process for the preparation of a multimodal polyolefin polymer at temperatures of from 40 to 150° C. and pressures of from 0.1 to 20 MPa in the presence of a polymerization catalyst in a first and a second polymerization reactor connected in series, wherein further polymerization reactors can be connected to said reactors upstream or downstream of said reactors, in which in the first polymerization reactor a first polyolefin polymer is prepared in suspension in the presence of hydrogen and in the second polymerization reactor a second polyolefin polymer is prepared in the presence of a lower concentration of hydrogen than in the first polymerization reactor, comprising a) withdrawing from the first polymerization reactor a suspension of solid polyolefin particles in a suspension medium comprising hydrogen; b) feeding the suspension to a flash drum of a lower pressure than that of the first polymerization reactor; c) vaporizing a part of the suspension medium; d) withdrawing a hydrogen-depleted suspension from the flash drum and feeding it to the second polymerization reactor; e) withdrawing gas from the gas-phase of the flash drum and feeding it to a heat exchanger; f) condensing a part of the gas withdrawn from the flash drum; and g) returning the liquid obtained in the heat exchanger to the polymerization process at a point where suspension is present, and apparatus for preparing a multimodal polyolefin polymer according to the process.

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Номер записи: 3
24-01-2013 дата публикации

Process for increasing the efficiency of heat removal from a fischer-tropsch slurry reactor

Номер: US20130020054A1
Автор: H. Lynn Tomlinson, Tsungani Record, William Manning, William Schaefer
Принадлежит: Syntroleum Corp

The present invention is directed to a cooling system for removing heat from a Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) slurry reactor. The cooling system including a downcomer disposed within the F-T reactor to deliver a coolant downward through the F-T reactor at a predetermined velocity. The downcomer and the pressure of the introduced coolant cooperate to increase the coolant velocity, thereby maintaining the coolant in the substantially liquid phase in the downcomer. The cooling system further includes a plenum connected to the downcomer, wherein the coolant remains in the substantially liquid phase. Additionally, the cooling system includes at least one riser extending upward from the plenum, wherein a portion of the coolant vaporizes to provide a boiling heat transfer surface on the at least one riser.

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Номер записи: 4
04-07-2013 дата публикации

Chemical reactor with plate type heat exchange unit

Номер: US20130171041A1
Автор: Enrico Rizzi, Ermanno Filippi, Mirco Tarozzo
Принадлежит: Methanol Casale SA

An isothermal chemical reactor ( 1 ) is described comprising a plate ( 30 ) heat exchange unit ( 12 ), immersed in a catalytic bed ( 7 ) and destined to heat or cool the reagents in order to maintain the reaction temperature in a predetermined range; said plates ( 30 ) are formed by two flat walls ( 31, 32 ) and longitudinal spacers ( 33 ), with obtainment of parallel channels ( 34 ) for the circulation of a heat exchange fluid.

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Номер записи: 5
11-07-2013 дата публикации

REACTOR FOR SYNTHESIZING HYDROGEN SULFIDE, APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING HYDROGEN SULFIDE, APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING SODIUM HYDROGEN SULFIDE, METHOD FOR PRODUCING HYDROGEN SULFIDE, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SODIUM HYDROGEN SULFIDE

Номер: US20130177496A1
Автор: IWASAKI NAOYOSHI, KATAGIRI TSUTOMU, Oguro Shuichi, SHIBUYA HIROMITSU, UMINO HIROSHI, Yamada Nobuhiro
Принадлежит: JGC CORPORATION

A reactor for synthesizing hydrogen sulfide in which sulfur and hydrogen are subjected to gas-phase reaction in the absence of a catalyst to synthesize hydrogen sulfide, the reactor including: a reactor body that retains liquid sulfur in a bottom portion thereof; a heating unit that gasifies part of the liquid sulfur; a hydrogen gas supply unit that supplies hydrogen gas into the liquid sulfur; and a heat-exchanging portion provided in a gas-phase reaction region located above the liquid surface of the liquid sulfur in the reactor body, wherein heat-exchanging portion is configured such that the reaction temperature in the gas-phase reaction region is controlled to be within a predetermined temperature range by changing the heat exchange amount per unit volume in a gas-phase reaction region located farther from the liquid surface from the heat exchange amount per unit volume in a gas-phase reaction region located closer to the liquid surface. 1. A reactor for synthesizing hydrogen sulfide in which sulfur and hydrogen are subjected to gas-phase reaction in the absence of a catalyst to synthesize hydrogen sulfide , the reactor comprising:a reactor body that retains liquid sulfur in a bottom portion thereof;a heating unit that gasifies part of the liquid sulfur;a hydrogen gas supply unit that supplies hydrogen gas into the liquid sulfur; anda heat-exchanging portion provided in a gas-phase reaction region located above the liquid surface of the liquid sulfur in the reactor body,wherein the heat-exchanging portion is configured such that the reaction temperature in the gas-phase reaction region is controlled to be within a predetermined temperature range by changing the heat exchange amount per unit volume in a gas-phase reaction region located farther from the liquid surface from the heat exchange amount per unit volume in a gas-phase reaction region located closer to the liquid surface.2. The reactor for synthesizing hydrogen sulfide according to claim 1 , wherein the ...

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Номер записи: 6
15-08-2013 дата публикации

Hydrolysis of used ionic liquid catalyst for disposal

Номер: US20130211175A1
Автор: Hye-Kyung Timken, Shawn Shlomo Winter, Shawn Stephen HEALY
Принадлежит: Chevron USA Inc

We provide a process and apparatus for preparing a used catalyst for disposal, comprising: a. hydrolyzing a used ionic liquid catalyst comprising an anhydrous metal halide to produce a hydrolyzed product; and b. separating the hydrolyzed product into a liquid phase and a solid phase; wherein the liquid phase comprises a non-water-reactive aqueous phase and a hydrocarbon phase; and wherein the solid phase comprises a solid portion of the hydrolyzed product, that is not water reactive. A vessel is used for the hydrolyzing and a separator is used for the separating.

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Номер записи: 7
22-08-2013 дата публикации

Compact fischer tropsch system with integrated primary and secondary bed temperature control

Номер: US20130216448A1
Автор: Joseph J. Hartvigsen, Lyman Joseph Frost, S. Elangovan
Принадлежит: Ceramatec Inc

A Fischer Tropsch (“FT”) reactor includes at least one FT tube. The FT tube may include a catalyst that is designed to catalyze an FT reaction, thereby creating a hydrocarbon from syngas. The FT reactor also includes a primary cooling fluid flow path that extends in a direction that is substantially parallel to the longitudinal length of the FT tube. A secondary cooling fluid flow path extends in a direction that is different than the direction of the primary cooling fluid flow path.

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Номер записи: 8
03-10-2013 дата публикации

Micro-Reactor System Assembly

Номер: US20130259768A1
Автор: Bieler Nikolaus, Forbert Rainald, Roberge Dominique, Zimmermann Bertin
Принадлежит: Lonza AG

A micro-reactor system assembly comprises a stack of at least n process modules (-), wherein n is an integer equal to or greater than 1, made from a rigid first material and comprising at least one reactive fluid passage (A, B, A, A, A) for accommodating and guiding a reactive fluid, and at least n+1 heat exchange modules () made from a ductile second material other than said first material and comprising at least one heat exchange fluid passage (A, A) for accommodating and guiding a heat exchange fluid, wherein each process module (-) is sandwiched between two adjacent heat exchange modules (). 1. A module for a stacked arrangement , micro-reactor system assembly , the module comprising a first plate , a second plate and a structured intermediate plate sandwiched between said first plate and said second plate , said intermediate plate having a fluid passage formed therein , said fluid passage extending between a fluid inlet port and a fluid outlet port for accommodating and guiding a fluid.2. A module according to claim 1 , wherein said intermediate plate is a unitary plate having said fluid passages formed therein.3. A module according to claim 2 , wherein said fluid passages open on opposite surfaces of said intermediate plate and are bounded by said first and second plates.4. A module according to claim 1 , wherein said fluid passage comprises a flat passage including curved and/or straight parts to enable a flow of fluid along a tortuous path claim 1 , said flat passage having a width/height ratio in the range of 1:4 to 1:50.5. A module according to claim 1 , wherein said module is a heat exchange module comprising said first plate claim 1 , said second plate and said structured intermediate plate sandwiched between said first plate and said second plate claim 1 , said first plate having a heat exchange fluid inlet port communicating with said fluid passage and said second plate having a heat exchange fluid outlet port communicating with said fluid passage. ...

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Номер записи: 9
21-11-2013 дата публикации

Temperature control system

Номер: US20130306299A1
Автор: Kentarou Morita, Yuzuru Kato
Принадлежит: Cosmo Oil Co Ltd, Inpex Corp, Japan Oil Gas and Metals National Corp, Japan Petroleum Exploration Co Ltd, JX Nippon Oil and Energy Corp, Nippon Steel and Sumikin Engineering Co Ltd

The temperature control system of the present invention is a temperature control system for recovering reaction heat inside a reactor in which an exothermic reaction takes place, thereby controlling a temperature inside the reactor. The temperature control system is provided with a coolant drum in which a liquid coolant is accommodated in a vapor-liquid equilibrium state, a heat removing unit which is disposed on the reactor to internally circulate the liquid coolant supplied from the coolant drum, a temperature determining unit which determines a temperature inside the reactor, and a pressure controller which controls pressure inside the coolant drum. The pressure controller controls the pressure inside the coolant drum based on a difference between an actual temperature inside the reactor determined by the temperature determining unit and a preset temperature value inside the reactor, thereby controlling the temperature of the liquid coolant inside the coolant drum.

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Номер записи: 10
28-11-2013 дата публикации

Nano-skeletal catalyst

Номер: US20130316896A1
Автор: Maximilian A. Biberger
Принадлежит: SDC Materials Inc

A method of producing a catalyst material with nano-scale structure, the method comprising: introducing a starting powder into a nano-powder production reactor, the starting powder comprising a catalyst material; the nano-powder production reactor nano-sizing the starting powder, thereby producing a nano-powder from the starting powder, the nano-powder comprising a plurality of nano-particles, each nano-particle comprising the catalyst material; and forming a catalyst precursor material from the nano-powder, wherein the catalyst precursor material is a densified bulk porous structure comprising the catalyst material, the catalyst material having a nano-scale structure.

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Номер записи: 11
01-01-2015 дата публикации

Generating cellulosic-renewable identification numbers in a refinery

Номер: US20150000186A1
Автор: Barry A. Freel, Robert G. Graham
Принадлежит: Ensyn Renewables Inc

The present application generally relates to methods of generating cellulosic-renewable identification numbers by thermally processing a cellulosic biomass to form a renewable fuel oil, and then co-processing the renewable fuel oil with a petroleum fraction in a refinery to form a cellulosic-renewable identification number-compliant fuel.

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Номер записи: 12
06-01-2022 дата публикации

DEVICES, SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR AUTOMATIC EXTRACTION, STORAGE AND ENCAPSULATION OF FATTY COMPOUNDS

Номер: US20220001298A1
Автор: Maslaton Ido, Raviv Alon
Принадлежит: ELTIVU TECHNOLOGIES LTD.

A device for automatic extraction, storage and encapsulation of fatty compounds, the device may include: an extraction unit configured to provide a liquid mixture comprising fatty compounds extracted from biological material and a liquid solvent; an evaporation and reaction unit; a storage unit comprising one or more storage outlet ports; and a controller configured to: control delivery of the liquid mixture from the extraction unit to the evaporation and reaction unit; control evaporation of the solvent from the liquid mixture in the evaporation and reaction unit; control delivery of the liquid mixture from the evaporation and reaction unit to the storage unit; detect safe connection of each of at least one of one or more capsules to one of the one or more storage outlet ports of the storage unit; and control filling of at least one of the one or more connected capsules with the liquid mixture. 1. A device for automatic extraction , storage and encapsulation of fatty compounds , the device comprising:a solvent supply unit configured to at least one of supply and store a liquid solvent;an extraction unit configured to provide a liquid mixture comprising fatty compounds extracted from biological material and a liquid solvent;a diluting liquid supply unit configured to at least one of supply and store a diluting liquid;an evaporation and reaction unit;a storage unit comprising one or more storage outlet ports;fluid conduits connecting the solvent supply unit with the extraction unit, the evaporation and reaction unit with the extraction unit, the storage unit with the evaporation and reaction unit, and the diluting liquid supply unit with the evaporation and reaction unit; and ["receive user's preferences concerning the liquid mixture to be produced;", "determine operation parameters based on the user's preferences;", 'control delivery of the liquid solvent from the solvent supply unit to the extraction unit based on the determined operation parameters;', 'control ...

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Номер записи: 13
07-01-2021 дата публикации

SYSTEM TO CONVERT CELLULOSIC MATERIALS INTO SUGAR AND METHOD OF USING THE SAME

Номер: US20210001301A1
Автор: Cohen Peter, Slager Benjamin
Принадлежит:

A device for converting cellulose to sugar comprises a reactor chamber with a plurality of control components, and a control assembly. The control assembly is operatively connected to the reactor chamber, a chive assembly and control components to transmit and receive interoperability signals. The device has an inlet hopper with a detector, a crusher, an outlet hopper, a sensor assembly, a steam inlet, and a carbon dioxide inlet. The inlet hopper is configured to receive and analyze proportion data of matters in a feedstock and catalyst mixture via the detector. The crusher receives and grinds the mixture from the inlet hopper to induce chemical reaction for producing sugar. The outlet hopper is configured to determine a proportion data of matter in the grinded mixture. The control assembly is configured to determine adjustments need to be performed on the components and chive assembly to optimize the sugar production. 1. A device for converting cellulose to sugar , comprising:a reactor chamber comprising a plurality of control components;a control assembly operatively connected to the reactor chamber and to each of the control components, the control components configured to transmit and receive interoperability signals; a crusher assembly configured to receive a mixture of cellulose feedstock and solid acid catalyst, wherein the crusher assembly is configured to grind the mixture under pressure to induce a solid-solid interaction between the cellulose feedstock and the solid acid catalyst inducing a chemical reaction to produce the sugar;an outlet hopper having a detector configured to determine a proportion of matter in the grinded mixture delivered by the crusher assembly, wherein the control assembly is configured to determine if reprocessing of the grinded mixture is required, and if so, tune the control components to optimize sugar production; wherein the crusher assembly comprises rollers.2. The device of claim 1 , further comprising a sensor assembly ...

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Номер записи: 14
04-01-2018 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING B-EUCRYPTITE FINE PARTICLES

Номер: US20180001292A1
Автор: ISAJI Tadayuki, KASHIMA Yoshiyuki, KATO Hirokazu, NAKAJIMA Jun-ichi
Принадлежит: NISSAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD.

The β-eucryptite fine particle production method of the invention includes spraying, into an atmosphere at 50° C. to a temperature lower than 300° C., a solution containing a water-soluble lithium salt, a water-soluble aluminum salt, and colloidal silica, in such amounts that the mole proportions among lithium atoms, aluminum atoms, and silicon atoms (Li:Al:Si) are adjusted to 1:1:1, to thereby dry the solution, and, subsequently, firing the dried product in air at 600 to 1,300° C. 15-. (canceled)6. A method for producing β-eucryptite fine particles , the method comprising:spraying, into an atmosphere at 50° C. to a temperature lower than 300° C., a solution containing a water-soluble lithium salt, a water-soluble aluminum salt, and colloidal silica having a primary particle size, as determined through observation under a transmission electron microscope, of 2 to 50 nm, in such amounts that the mole proportions among lithium atoms, aluminum atoms, and silicon atoms (Li:Al:Si) are adjusted to 1:1:1, to thereby dry the solution, and,subsequently, firing the dried product in air or an oxidizing atmosphere at 600 to 1,300° C.7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the β-eucryptite fine particles have a crystallite size less than 80 nm and a ratio I/I less than 0.05 claim 6 , wherein I represents an X-ray diffraction peak intensity attributed to a (121) plane of the α phase claim 6 , and I represents an X-ray diffraction peak intensity attributed to a (102) plane of the β phase.8. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the water-soluble lithium salt is a lithium organic acid salt.9. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the water-soluble lithium salt is a lithium organic acid salt.10. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the water-soluble aluminum salt is an aluminum organic acid salt.11. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the water-soluble aluminum salt is an aluminum organic acid salt.12. The method according to claim 8 , wherein the organic ...

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Номер записи: 15
03-01-2019 дата публикации

VORTEX WATER FLOW GENERATOR, WATER PLASMA GENERATOR, DECOMPOSITION PROCESSOR, DECOMPOSITION PROCESSOR MOUNTED VEHICLE, AND DECOMPOSITION METHOD

Номер: US20190001171A1
Автор: Watanabe Takayuki, YAGUCHI Hirofumi
Принадлежит: HELIX CO., LTD.

A vortex water generator forms a vortex water flow for passing arc discharge. The vortex water flow generator includes a cylindrical portion configured to form a vortex water flow along an inner circumference; first middle partition and second middle partition protruding from the inner circumference of the cylindrical portion, a rear partition formed in a rear end side of the cylindrical portion, and a front partition provided in a front end side of the cylindrical portion. Each partition has an opening to include a center axis line position of the cylindrical portion. Each opening has a different opening shape in size. The middle partition and the front partition have negative electrode side surfaces formed by tapered surfaces receding from the negative electrode as close to the center axis line. Arc-shaped beveled portions are formed between the tapered surfaces and inner circumferential surfaces of the openings. 1. A vortex water flow generator placed between a negative electrode and a positive electrode of a water plasma generator that injects a water plasma , the water plasma becoming a jet stream by dissociating or ionizing water to form a vortex water flow having a cavity for passing are discharge generated between the negative and positive electrodes , the vortex water flow generator comprising:a cylindrical portion configured to form the vortex water flow along an inner circumference;a middle partition protruding from the inner circumference of the cylindrical portion;a one-end-side partition disposed in one end side of the cylindrical portion to face the negative electrode; andthe-other-end-side partition disposed in the other end side of the cylindrical portion,wherein each of the partitions has an opening in a position including a center axis line of the cylindrical portion, the openings having different opening shapes in size,the middle partition and the-other-end-side partition have surfaces at the negative electrode side, the surfaces being formed by ...

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Номер записи: 16
07-01-2021 дата публикации

CONTINUOUS OR SEMI-CONTINUOUS PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF ETHYLENE GLYCOL AND CATALYST SYSTEM FOR USE THEREIN

Номер: US20210002192A1
Автор: Dekker Paula, McKay Benjamin, SINGH Jagdeep, van der Waal Jan Cornelis
Принадлежит:

A continuous or semi-continuous process for the preparation of ethylene glycol from a carbohydrate source including: 1. A continuous or semi-continuous process for the preparation of ethylene glycol from a carbohydrate source including:reacting, in a reactor, at a temperature in the range from equal to or more than 170° C. to equal to or less than 270° C., at least a portion of a carbohydrate source in the presence of hydrogen, a solvent, and a catalyst system, to yield ethylene glycol;wherein the catalyst system includes:a homogeneous catalyst, which homogeneous catalyst contains tungsten; anda heterogeneous catalyst, which heterogeneous catalyst contains one or more transition metals from groups 8, 9 and 10 of the Periodic Table of the Elements supported on a carrier;and wherein continuously or periodically additional heterogeneous catalyst is added to the reactor.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the selectivity towards ethylene glycol is maintained by continuously or periodically adding additional heterogeneous catalyst to the reactor.3. The process according to claim 2 , wherein the ethylene glycol selectivity is maintained below a threshold of 85% by continuously or periodically adding additional heterogeneous catalyst to the reactor.4. The process according to claim 2 , wherein the ethylene glycol selectivity is maintained within a range of equal to or more than 35% to equal to or less than 85% by continuously or periodically adding additional heterogeneous catalyst to the reactor.5. The process according to any one of to claim 2 , wherein the ethylene glycol selectivity is continuously or periodically determined and compared with a one or more pre-set thresholds and wherein additional heterogeneous catalyst is provided to the reactor if such a threshold is reached or exceeded.6. The process according to any one of to claim 2 , wherein the catalyst system is a catalyst system including:a) a homogeneous catalyst, that is residing in the reactor, ...

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Номер записи: 17
03-01-2019 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PREPARING GRAPHENE OXIDE AND REDUCED GRAPHENE OXIDE

Номер: US20190002292A1
Автор: TAVES Anthony B.
Принадлежит: Nano Trek Holdings, LLC

There is provided an industrially scalable system and method for preparing graphene oxide and thereafter reduced graphene oxide, with high yields (generally better than 98 percent), in which the yield and quality are maximized. In certain embodiments of the present method and process, the initial particle size of the graphite charge and the temperature profile are of greater importance to a successful outcome than the reactants themselves. It should be noted that unlike the previous Hummers methods and derivatives, secondary oxidizers and exfoliation agents such as nitric acid, sodium nitrate and similar intercalation agents are not necessary to achieve the desired result. 1. A method comprising:chilling a reaction vessel to a predetermined chill temperature;intermixing a quantity of two or more acid reactants to form an intermixed acid mixture;chilling the intermixed acid mixture to the predetermined chill temperature;{'sub': '4', 'intermixing a quantity of KMnOand a quantity of graphite;'}{'sub': '4', 'chilling the intermixed KMnOand graphite to the predetermined chill temperature;'}placing the chilled intermixed acid mixture into the chilled reaction vessel and initiating a low speed agitation of the acid mixture;{'sub': '4', 'adding the chilled intermixed KMnOand graphite to the chilled reaction vessel to form a graphite suspension;'}continuing agitation of the reaction vessel for a predetermined period of cool agitation while maintaining the reaction vessel within a predetermined cool temperature profile;adding a first volume of warm distilled water during a first period of warm agitation while the graphite suspension is agitated;adding a second volume of distilled water during a second period of warm agitation while the graphite suspension is agitated;while agitating, cooling the graphite suspension to a predetermined pre-peroxide temperature;adding a predetermined amount of hydrogen peroxide to the reaction vessel;allowing contents of the reaction vessel to ...

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Номер записи: 18
02-01-2020 дата публикации

Processes and apparatuses for toluene and benzene methylation in an aromatics complex

Номер: US20200002245A1
Автор: Gregory B. KUZMANICH, Guanghui Zhu, Joseph A. Montalbano, Mitchell J. Kowalczyk, Steven A. Bradley
Принадлежит: UOP LLC

This present disclosure relates to processes and apparatuses for toluene and benzene methylation in an aromatics complex for producing paraxylene. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to processes and apparatuses for toluene and benzene methylation within an aromatics complex for producing paraxylene wherein an embodiment uses a reactor having a refractory comprising a low iron content refractory.

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Номер записи: 19
03-01-2019 дата публикации

Combined apparatus for the synthesis of urea

Номер: US20190002401A1
Автор: Andrea Scotto, Enrico Rizzi
Принадлежит: Casale SA

Combined apparatus ( 1 ) for the synthesis of urea from ammonia and carbon dioxide, comprising an internal wall ( 3 ) which delimits two coaxial zones ( 4 ) inside the apparatus, operating respectively as reaction ( 4 ) and condensation ( 5 ) zones, and optionally also comprising a stripping zone and/or a scrubber integrated in the same apparatus.

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Номер записи: 20
07-01-2021 дата публикации

Gas purification device

Номер: US20210002569A1
Автор: Kaori Yoshida, Rikio KAN, Seiji Kakesako
Принадлежит: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Engineering Ltd

A gas purification device includes: a converter packed with a catalyst for hydrolyzing both carbonyl sulfide and hydrogen cyanide; an upstream heat exchanger for heat exchange between a gas to be introduced into the converter and a cooling fluid for cooling the gas; a reaction-temperature estimation member for estimating a reaction temperature inside the converter; and a flow-rate adjustment member for adjusting a flow rate of the cooling fluid flowing into the upstream heat exchanger based on an estimated value of the reaction-temperature estimation member to control the reaction temperature.

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Номер записи: 21
01-01-2015 дата публикации

Fluidized catalytic cracking apparatus

Номер: US20150004067A1
Автор: Barry A. Freel, Robert G. Graham
Принадлежит: Ensyn Renewables Inc

The present application generally relates to a fluidized catalytic cracking apparatus having one or more ports for injecting a renewable fuel oil for co-processing the renewable fuel oil and a petroleum fraction.

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Номер записи: 22
14-01-2016 дата публикации

TEMPERATURE MANAGEMENT IN CHLORINATION PROCESSES AND SYSTEMS RELATED THERETO

Номер: US20160008784A1
Автор: Dassel Mark William
Принадлежит:

Reactor design and operating conditions enabling adiabatic direct chlorination of metallurgic silicon by hydrogen chloride are presented. The exothermic heat of reaction is absorbed by cooling fluid in admixture with the reactants and products of the reaction, thereby eliminating the necessity of external cooling for the reactor. Reactor temperature is managed by controlling the temperature and composition of reactor feedstock. Feedstock comprises hydrogen, STC, TCS, HCl, and metallurgic silicon. Exemplary feedstock composition, flow-rates, and temperatures are provided. Alternate means of producing the feedstock are described, including a method whereby the feedstock is the product of an upstream STC converter. 1. A process comprising:a) providing a reactor sited in an environment, the reactor comprising a reactor shell enclosing reactor contents;b) operating the reactor in a continuous mode at an operating temperature and an operating pressure;c) introducing gas phase HCl to the reactor under input conditions;d) introducing gas phase coolant to the reactor under input conditions comprising a coolant temperature less than the operating temperature;e) introducing MGSi to the reactor under input conditions;f) transferring chloride from HCl to MGSi within the reactor, the transfer being exothermic and generating heat within the reactor; andg) recovering a gas phase product comprising TCS exiting the reactor under exit conditions.2. The process of wherein the gas phase coolant comprises at least one of hydrogen claim 1 , STC claim 1 , TCS and DCS.3. The process of wherein the gas phase coolant comprises STC and hydrogen.4. The process of wherein the reactor operating temperature is within the range of 250° C. to 450° C.5. The process of wherein the operating pressure is within the range of 1 barg to 15 barg.6. The process of wherein the chloride donor and the coolant are in admixture upon being introduced into the reactor claim 1 , the admixture having a temperate ...

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Номер записи: 23
11-01-2018 дата публикации

CATALYTIC REACTION ANALYSIS DUAL REACTOR SYSTEM AND A CALIBRATION METHOD FOR CORRECTING NON-CATALYTIC EFFECTS USING THE DUAL REACTOR SYSTEM

Номер: US20180008947A1
Автор: Bunama Ramsey, Choi YongMan, El-Yahyaoui Khalid M.
Принадлежит:

A catalytic reaction analysis dual reactor system and a method for measuring the catalytic activity of a catalyst by correcting for non-catalytic effects with the catalytic reaction analysis dual reactor system. The dual reactor system contains a first reactor comprising a first catalyst on a first catalyst support, and a second reactor comprising a second catalyst support, wherein the particle size and amount of the first catalyst and the second catalyst support are substantially the same, and the effect of the catalyst is isolated by correcting the result obtained from the first reactor containing the catalyst with the result obtained from the second reactor containing the catalyst support. 1. A catalytic reaction analysis dual reactor system , comprising:a gas loop comprising an inert gas source, a feed gas source, a gas feed line, a first reactor feed line and second reactor feed line, wherein the inert gas source and the feed gas source are in fluid communication with the gas feed line and the gas feed line is in fluid communication with the first and second reactor feed lines;a first reactor comprising a first catalyst chamber loaded with a catalyst comprising a first catalyst on a first catalyst support, a first reactor inlet on an upstream side of the first catalyst chamber and a first reactor outlet on a downstream side of the first catalyst chamber;a second reactor comprising a second catalyst chamber loaded with a second catalyst support, a second reactor inlet on an upstream side of the second catalyst chamber and a second reactor outlet on a downstream side of the second catalyst chamber;wherein the first and second catalyst chambers are substantially the same and the particle size and amount of the first catalyst and the second catalyst support are substantially the same;a gas analyzer comprising an analysis feed line downstream of and connected to the first and second reactor outlets;wherein the first and second reactor are connected in parallel to ...

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Номер записи: 24
27-01-2022 дата публикации

BORON NITRIDE NANOTUBE SYNTHESIS VIA DIRECT INDUCTION

Номер: US20220024764A1
Автор: JORDAN Kevin C., SMITH Michael W., STEVENS Jonathan C., WHITNEY R. Roy
Принадлежит:

High quality, catalyst-free boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) that are long, flexible, have few wall molecules and few defects in the crystalline structure, can be efficiently produced by a process driven primarily by Direct Induction. Secondary Direct Induction coils, Direct Current heaters, lasers, and electric arcs can provide additional heating to tailor the processes and enhance the quality of the BNNTs while reducing impurities. Heating the initial boron feed stock to temperatures causing it to act as an electrical conductor can be achieved by including refractory metals in the initial boron feed stock, and providing additional heat via lasers or electric arcs. Direct Induction processes may be energy efficient and sustainable for indefinite period of time. Careful heat and gas flow profile management may be used to enhance production of high quality BNNT at significant production rates. 1. A process for synthesizing boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) , the process comprising:feeding gas containing nitrogen to a chamber in a first direction;pre-heating a boron feedstock in the chamber to form an electrically conductive boron material;supplying power to a Direct Induction coil surrounding the electrically conductive boron material;heating the electrically conductive boron material through induction heating from tine Direct Induction coil to form a boron melt;wherein boron and boron-nitrogen evaporate from the boron melt in the first direction, and BNNTs self-assemble from the evaporated boron and boron-nitrogen downstream from the boron melt in the first direction.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein pre-heating the boron feedstock to form an electrically conductive boron material comprises heating the boron feedstock to a temperature above 800° C. and below the melting temperature of boron nitride.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein forming the boron melt causes a portion of the nitrogen in the gas entering the chamber to dissolve in the boron melt and evaporate ...

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Номер записи: 25
27-01-2022 дата публикации

ELECTRIC HEATING DEVICE

Номер: US20220026108A1
Автор: PADBERG Michael, PRZYBYLSKI Sven, RUSCHE Ulrich
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to an electric heating device () in an exhaust gas system (), having an outer circumferential, in particular circular, housing (), wherein a rib structure is arranged in the housing (), which rib structure can be heated by applying an electric current to it. The rib structure is arranged with rib rows () parallel to one another in the housing (), wherein the parallel-arranged rib rows () are arranged such that are electrically connected to one another in series or in parallel. 113-. (canceled)14. An electric heating device in an exhaust gas system , the electric heating device comprising:an outer circumferential housing; anda rib structure arranged in the housing, whereinthe rib structure is heatable in response to an electric current applied thereto,the rib structure comprises a plurality of rib rows parallel to one another in the housing,each rib row of the plurality of rib rows comprises a plurality of ribs, andthe plurality of rib rows are electrically connected to one another in series or in parallel.15. The electric heating device according to claim 14 , wherein the housing comprises a radially circumferential lateral surface.16. The electric heating device according to claim 14 , further comprising at least one holding element holding the plurality of rib rows in the housing.17. The electric heating device according to claim 14 , wherein the plurality of rib rows are parts of a continuous sheet metal strip.18. The electric heating device according to claim 14 , further comprising an electrically conductive connecting element arranged in a respective end region of each rib row of the plurality of rib rows.19. The electric heating device according to claim 18 , wherein the connecting element comprises a contact plate.20. The electric heating device according to claim 14 , further comprising an electrically insulating spacer arranged in a respective end region of each rib row of the plurality of rib rows.21. The electric heating ...

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Номер записи: 26
09-01-2020 дата публикации

REACTION DEVICE WITH HEAT EXCHANGER AND USE THEREOF

Номер: US20200009524A1
Автор: Aigner Jonathan, Hense Peter, Hornung Andreas, Hornung Thorsten, Pedrazzini Alberto
Принадлежит:

A reaction device is provided with a first wall that defines an interior in which a stirring mechanism is located. A heat exchanger is at least partly provided on the first outer wall surface facing away from the interior and/or on the stirring mechanism, wherein the heat exchanger has a grate structure, and at least two layers are provided which have a grate structure. Thus, it is possible to transfer heat in a precise and efficient manner primarily by means of thermal radiation in endothermic processes at different temperature levels, in particular pyrolysis, gassing, and reforming processes, and thereby use the exhaust heat for other processes. 1. A reaction device comprising:a first wall, which defines an interior, the interior configured to accommodate a stirring mechanism,wherein a heat exchanger is at least partly on a surface of the first wall that faces away from the interior and/or on the stirring mechanism, the heat exchanger including at least two layers each of which has a grate structure.2. The reaction device according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction device has a double wall comprising:the first wall, anda second wall, so that an intermediate space, which accommodates the heat exchanger, is formed between the first wall and the second wall.3. The reaction device according to claim 2 , wherein the reaction device is a tube furnace.4. The reaction device according to claim 1 , wherein the stirring mechanism is a screw conveyor.5. The reaction device according to claim 4 , wherein the screw conveyor comprises screw sections claim 4 , which have different pitches.6. The reaction device according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction device has at least two reaction zones with different temperatures.7. The reaction device according to claim 1 , wherein the layers of the heat exchanger are connected to one another at contact points of the layers or contact surfaces of the layers.8. The reaction device according claim 1 , wherein the structure of a grate ...

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Номер записи: 27
14-01-2021 дата публикации

CARBON DIOXIDE REDUCTION SYSTEM AND CARBON DIOXIDE REDUCTION METHOD

Номер: US20210009428A1
Автор: DASANAYAKE ALUTHGE Rasika, MIYAMA Toshihito, Shinmei Kenichi
Принадлежит: Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.

A carbon dioxide reduction system comprises a transport path that transports carbon dioxide and a reduction apparatus that reduces heated carbon dioxide introduced through the transport path wherein the carbon dioxide is heated in the transport path by at least one of recycled energy and exhaust heat. 1. A carbon dioxide reduction system comprising:a reduction apparatus that reduces carbon dioxide; anda transport path that transports carbon dioxide to the reduction apparatus, wherein the carbon dioxide is heated in the transport path by at least one of recycled energy and exhaust heat.2. The carbon dioxide reduction system according to claim 1 , wherein the recycled energy is produced by at least one selected from the group consisting of solar power generation claim 1 , wind power generation claim 1 , hydraulic power generation claim 1 , wave power generation claim 1 , tidal power generation claim 1 , biomass power generation claim 1 , geothermal power generation claim 1 , solar heat claim 1 , and underground heat.3. The carbon dioxide reduction system according to claim 1 , wherein the exhaust heat is heat generated in a combustion furnace.4. The carbon dioxide reduction system according to claim 1 , further comprising:a carbon dioxide separation apparatus,wherein the carbon dioxide in the transport path is carbon dioxide separated from an exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide by the carbon dioxide separation apparatus.5. The carbon dioxide reduction system according to claim 4 , further comprising:a combustion furnace,wherein the exhaust gas is exhaust gas generated in the combustion furnace, and the transport path is a circulation path that circulates the carbon dioxide so that the carbon dioxide is heated by the heat generated in the combustion furnace.6. The carbon dioxide reduction system according to claim 5 , further comprising:a heat exchanger that cools the exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide generated in the combustion furnace,wherein the circulation ...

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Номер записи: 28
11-01-2018 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR INVESTIGATING NAPHTHA REFORMING PROCESSES

Номер: US20180010058A1
Автор: HAUBER Christoph, KIRCHMANN Marius
Принадлежит: hte GmbH the high throughput experimentation company

An apparatus and a method are used for investigating the naphtha reforming process in catalyst test devices with reactors arranged in parallel. The apparatus has a plurality of reactors arranged in parallel with reaction chambers (R, R, . . . ), a product fluid supply, a process control, and at least one analysis unit. Each individual reactor has an outlet line for the product fluid stream, wherein the analysis unit is operatively connected to each outlet line for the product fluid stream and the apparatus is functionally connected to the control of the apparatus. In carrying out the method, naphtha-containing reactant fluid streams are brought into contact with catalysts in the individual reactors and the product fluid streams are subsequently supplied to the online analysis unit from the respective outlet lines of the individual reactors and analyzed. Using the evaluation of the online analytical characterization data, the process parameters of the respective reactor unit are adapted. The process steps of analytical characterization, evaluation, and adaptation of process parameters are repeated for the duration of the investigation. 1. An apparatus for investigating naphtha reforming , wherein the apparatus comprises:{'b': 1', '2, 'a plurality of reactors arranged in parallel with reaction chambers (R, R, . . . ),'}a product fluid supply common to one or a plurality of these reactors,a process control, andan analysis unit,wherein each individual reactor has an outlet line for the product fluid stream,wherein the analysis unit is operatively connected to each outlet line for the product flow unit, and the analysis unit is functionally connected to the control of the apparatus,and wherein the analysis unit is suitable for analysis of a gaseous product fluid stream, and the analysis unit, together with the process control, allows the determination and optimization of an octane number in the reactors arranged in parallel.2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 29
10-01-2019 дата публикации

System for generating h2s in an alkaline medium and method of using the same

Номер: US20190010049A1
Автор: ABRAHAM Fouad JALBOUT
Принадлежит: Metoxs Pte Ltd

Method of producing hydrogen sulfide in an alkaline environment. A mixture having a sodium salt, elemental sulfur (S) and water is added to a reactor for the purpose of generating hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) gas as the main product and sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4 ) as a byproduct.

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Номер записи: 30
08-01-2015 дата публикации

Cooling between multiple polyolefin polymerization reactors

Номер: US20150011814A1
Автор: Catherine M. Gill, Elizabeth A. Benham, Joel A. Mutchler, Maruti Bhandarkar, Rebecca A. Gonzales, Scott E. Kufeld, Thanh T. Nguyen, Timothy O. Odi
Принадлежит: Chevron Phillips Chemical Co LP

A system and method for a first reactor to produce a transfer slurry having a first polyolefin polymerized in the first reactor, a heat-removal zone to remove heat from the transfer slurry, and a second reactor to receive the transfer slurry cooled by the heat-removal zone, the second reactor to produce a product slurry having a product polyolefin which includes the first polyolefin and a second polyolefin polymerized in the second reactor.

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Номер записи: 31
10-01-2019 дата публикации

High Pressure Polyethylene Product Cooling

Номер: US20190010260A1
Автор: Clymans Paul J., Dewitte Cindy, Lammens Henri A.
Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc.

This disclosure relates to systems and processes for cooling polymer product mixtures manufactured at high pressure. The processes of the invention involve cooling and then subsequently reducing the pressure of the product mixture from the reactor. In the systems of the invention, a product cooler is located downstream of the high pressure reactor and upstream of a high pressure let down valve. 1. A process for producing an ethylene-based polymer , the process comprising:a. compressing ethylene monomer to a pressure of at least 122 MPa;b. contacting the compressed ethylene monomer with a catalyst in a reactor to form a product mixture comprising an ethylene-based polymer; andc. cooling the product mixture and subsequently reducing the pressure of the product mixture.2. The process of claim 1 , further comprising contacting the ethylene monomer and catalyst with a vinyl acetate comonomer.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the compressing is accomplished using a primary compressor and a secondary compressor claim 1 , and further comprising feeding the entire output of the primary compressor to the secondary compressor.4. The process of claim 1 , comprising cooling the product mixture by at least about 30° C.5. The process of claim 1 , comprising cooling the product mixture to less than 200° C.6. The process of claim 1 , comprising reducing the pressure of the product mixture by at least about 50 MPa.7. The process of claim 1 , further comprising insulating a pipe transferring the product mixture from the exit of the reactor.8. The process of claim 1 , further comprising controlling the temperature to which the product mixture is cooled.9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the velocity of the product mixture in the product cooler is at least about 20 m/s.10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the velocity of the product mixture in the product cooler is from about 20 m/s to about 40 m/s.11. The process of claim 1 , further comprising contacting the ethylene monomer and ...

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Номер записи: 32
09-01-2020 дата публикации

SCALABLE HEAT EXCHANGER REFORMER FOR SYNGAS PRODUCTION

Номер: US20200010318A1
Автор: Farace Antonio, Ratan Sanjiv, WALSPURGER Stéphane
Принадлежит:

Heat exchanger-reformer for use in a hydrogen production plant for producing syngas, for instance by means of a steam methane reforming method, wherein the reformer comprises vessel with a first inlet for supplying feed and a second inlet for supplying hot reformer effluent, preferably coming from a main steam methane reformer, wherein the heat exchanger-reformer further comprises a heat exchanging section that is arranged in fluid connection with the first and second inlets for exchanging heat between the feed and reformer effluent to effectuate steam reforming of hydrocarbon to produce syngas, wherein the heat exchanging section comprises a plate heat exchanger assembly for heat exchange between said feed and said reformer effluent. 1. A heat exchanger reformer for convective steam reforming of a hydrocarbon feed , wherein the heat exchanger reformer comprises a vessel having a plate assembly section placed therein comprising of several plates positioned at a distance from each other to provide at least alternating first and second channels between adjacent plates , which vessel comprises a first inlet at a first end of the plate assembly section for supplying a mixture of a hydrocarbon feed and steam to the first channels and causing the mixture to flow in a direction toward a second end of the plate assembly section , which vessel also comprises a second inlet close to the second end of the plate assembly for supplying hot reformer effluent as a heating gas flow to the second channels , wherein the second channels comprise a first and a second section which are connected to each other , wherein the first section is provided for conducting the hot reformer effluent in a direction towards the first end of the plate assembly counter current to the flow of the hydrocarbon feed and steam mixture in the first channels , and the second section is provided for conducting the hot reformer effluent to flow in cross direction of the first channels , which second channels ...

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Номер записи: 33
09-01-2020 дата публикации

RING-OPENING POLYMERIZATIONS USING A FLOW REACTOR

Номер: US20200010610A1
Автор: Hedrick James L., Jones Gavin O., Lin Binhong, Park Nathaniel H., Piunova Victoria A., Waymouth Robert M., Zubarev Dmitry
Принадлежит:

Techniques regarding the synthesis of polyesters and/or polycarbonates through one or more ring-opening polymerizations conducted within a flow reactor and facilitated by a urea anion catalyst and/or a thiourea catalyst are provided. For example, one or more embodiments can comprise a method, which can comprise polymerizing, via a ring-opening polymerization within a flow reactor, a cyclic monomer in the presence an organocatalyst comprising a urea anion. 1. A method , comprising:polymerizing, via a ring-opening polymerization within a flow reactor, a cyclic monomer in the presence of an organocatalyst comprising a urea anion.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cyclic monomer is selected from a group consisting of a lactone monomer claim 1 , a cyclic carbonate monomer claim 1 , a substituted cyclic carbonate monomer claim 1 , a cyclic phospholane monomer claim 1 , a morpholinone monomer claim 1 , tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-thione claim 1 , oxepane-2-thione claim 1 , tetrahydrothiopyranone claim 1 , and 2-thiepanone.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the organocatalyst is derived from a chemical compound selected from a second group consisting of 1 claim 2 ,3-bis[3 claim 2 ,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]urea claim 2 , 1-[3 claim 2 ,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]urea claim 2 , 1-[3 claim 2 ,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-phenylurea claim 2 , 1-[3 claim 2 ,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-cyclohexylurea claim 2 , 1-phenyl-3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]urea claim 2 , 1 claim 2 ,3-diphenylurea claim 2 , and 1-cyclohexyl-3-phenylurea.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the urea anion is derived from a chemical reaction between the chemical compound and a chemical base claim 3 , wherein the chemical base is selected from a third group consisting of 1 claim 3 ,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0[undec-7-ene claim 3 , 7-methyl-] claim 3 ,5 claim 3 ,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene claim 3 , phosphazene bases claim 3 , ] claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,2-diazaphosphorin-2-amin ...

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Номер записи: 34
09-01-2020 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR SYNTHESIZING NATURAL GAS USING CARBON DIOXIDE AND WATER IN AIR

Номер: US20200010771A1
Автор: YOON Kyung Byung
Принадлежит:

An apparatus for producing a natural gas using carbon dioxide and water in air that includes an air-compressing member, a water collecting member, a water storing member, a carbon dioxide collecting member, a water electrolysis member, and a methanation reaction member. The water electrolysis member electrolyzes water separated from compressed air. The methanation reaction member generates a natural gas by reacting hydrogen from the electrolysis and carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide collecting member. A method of producing a natural gas using carbon dioxide and water in air includes supplying hydrogen electrolyzed from water separated from air and carbon dioxide collected from the dry air to a methanation reaction member to generate a natural gas. A natural gas-synthesizing equipment system includes an apparatus for producing a natural gas using carbon dioxide and water in air. 1. An apparatus for producing a natural gas using carbon dioxide and water in air , comprising:an air-compressing member;a water collecting member for collecting and separating water from the compressed air supplied from the air-compressing member;a water storing member connected to the water collecting member and for storing the collected water;a carbon dioxide collecting member connected to the water collecting member and for collecting carbon dioxide from dry air supplied after the water collecting member collects water;a water electrolysis member for electrolyzing water supplied from the water storing member to generate oxygen and hydrogen;a methanation reaction member for generating a natural gas by methanation reaction of hydrogen supplied from a hydrogen storing member connected to the water electrolysis member and carbon dioxide supplied from a carbon dioxide storing member connected to the carbon dioxide collecting member;a separation member having a means for separating the natural gas, carbon dioxide and water contained in a methanation reaction product supplied from the ...

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Номер записи: 35
10-01-2019 дата публикации

RADIANT WALL BURNER INCLUDING PERFORATED FLAME HOLDERS

Номер: US20190011124A1
Автор: COLANNINO JOSEPH, KARKOW DOUGLAS W., WIKLOF CHRISTOPHER A.
Принадлежит:

A cracking furnace includes a combustion volume defined in part by a burner wall having a refractory lining. A plurality of perforated flame holders is arranged in an array that is spaced away from the wall, with fuel input faces facing the wall. Each of a plurality of fuel nozzles is positioned and configured to emit a fuel stream toward the input face of a respective one of the plurality of perforated flame holders. Combustion reactions, supported by the fuel streams emitted by the fuel nozzles, and held by the flame holders, release heat, which is emitted by the flame holders as thermal (blackbody) radiation, a portion of which impinges upon, and heats the inner face of the refractory lining. Thermal radiation from the flame holders and the wall impinges upon a load positioned in the approximate center of the combustion volume, between burner walls. 1. A combustion system , comprising:a combustion volume defined in part by a wall having an inner face of refractory material;a plurality of perforated flame holders, each having a first face and a second face, the plurality of perforated flame holders being arranged in an array and spaced away from the wall with the first faces of the plurality of perforated flame holders facing the inner face of the wall; anda plurality of fuel nozzles, each positioned and configured to emit a fuel stream toward the first face of a respective one of the plurality of perforated flame holders.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of perforated flame holders includes a plurality of apertures extending between the first and second faces of the respective one of the plurality of perforated flame holders claim 1 , and is configured to hold a majority of a combustion reaction supported by the respective one of the plurality of fuel nozzles.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the wall includes a plurality of nozzle apertures claim 1 , and wherein each of the plurality of fuel nozzles is positioned in a respective one of ...

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Номер записи: 36
03-02-2022 дата публикации

SHUT-DOWN PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF GLYCOLS

Номер: US20220033331A1
Автор: DE VLIEGER Dionysius Jacobus Maria, HUIZENGA Pieter, Keyzer Lucas Petrus Simon, MACKAY Munro, MUTHUSAMY Duraisamy
Принадлежит:

The invention provides a shut down method for a process for the preparation of glycols from a starting material comprising one or more saccharides in the presence 5 of hydrogen and a catalyst system comprising one or more retro-aldol catalysts comprising tungsten and one or more catalytic species suitable for hydrogenation in a reactor, said method comprising removing the one or more retro-aldol catalysts from the reactor whilst also in the presence of one or more agents suitable to suppress tungsten precipitation. 1. A shut-down method for a process for the preparation of glycols from a stream comprising one or more saccharides in the presence of hydrogen and a catalyst system comprising one or more retro-aldol catalysts comprising tungsten and one or more catalytic species suitable for hydrogenation in a reactor , said method comprising removing the one or more retro-aldol catalysts from the reactor whilst also in the presence of one or more agents suitable to suppress tungsten precipitation.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more agents suitable to suppress tungsten precipitation comprise at least one of organic oxygenates or buffer systems comprising one or more organic acids claim 1 , their corresponding conjugated bases with alkali-metal as their counterions claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the one or more agents suitable to suppress tungsten precipitation comprise at least one of organic oxygenate solvents claim 2 , the stream comprising one or more saccharides claim 2 , glycols claim 2 , sugar alcohols claim 2 , carboxylic acids claim 2 , other products formed during the process claim 2 , and mixtures thereof.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more retro-aldol catalysts are removed from the reactor prior to or along with removal of the one or more agents suitable to suppress tungsten precipitation.5. The method according claim 1 , wherein the reactor temperature is lowered ...

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Номер записи: 37
19-01-2017 дата публикации

DIRECT CONTACT HEAT TRANSFER IN THE THERMOLYSIS REACTOR OF HYDROGEN PRODUCTION Cu-Cl CYCLE

Номер: US20170015552A1
Автор: Abdulrahman Mohammed Wassef
Принадлежит:

In the thermochemical water splitting process by Cu—Cl cycle, oxygen gas is produced by a thermolysis process in a three-phase reactor. IN accordance with the teachings herein, a technique is provided to achieve the high challenging thermal requirements of the thermolysis reactor, whereby an optimized heat transfer configuration is used. The technique involves using some of the pre-heated stoichiometric oxygen gas produced from the thermolysis reaction, to transfer heat directly to the slurry of molten CuCl and solid CuOClinside the thermolysis reactor. Experiments were performed to examine the volumetric heat transfer coefficient for the direct contact heat transfer between the gas and the slurry. It was found that the thermal scale up analysis of the thermolysis reactor with direct contact heat transfer, is based on the amount of heat carried by the oxygen gas rather than the amount of heat transferred by direct contact heat transfer. 1. A thermolysis reactor for the thermochemical Cu—Cl cycle of hydrogen production , wherein the thermolysis reactor comprises:a housing;an inlet on a first portion of the housing for receiving copper oxychloride solid particles;reaction chamber within the housing for facilitating the thermochemical Cu—Cl cycle where the copper oxychloride solid particles thermally decompose into oxygen gas and molten cuprous chloride;at least one gas outlet on a second portion of the housing for expelling the oxygen gas; anda return pathway having a heating element for heating a portion of the expelled oxygen gas and an injection element coupled to an inlet on a bottom portion of the housing for injecting the heated oxygen gas into the reaction chamber to provide further heating for the thermochemical Cu—Cl cycle.2. The thermolysis reactor of claim 1 , wherein the heating element comprises a heat exchanger and the injection element comprises a gas sparger.3. The thermolysis reactor of claim 1 , wherein the expelled oxygen gas is stoichiometric high ...

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Номер записи: 38
18-01-2018 дата публикации

REGENERATIVE COOLING METHOD AND APPARATUS

Номер: US20180015438A1
Автор: HOERMANN Alexander, TAYLOR Roscoe W.
Принадлежит: MONOLITH MATERIALS, INC.

A method of cooling a liner in a plasma chamber. A recycle gas is contacted with or passed through the liner to cool the liner and pre-heat the recycle gas. The pre-heated gas is then recycled through the plasma chamber to become part of the plasma forming process. The method further comprises the liner is graphite, the recycle gas passes through at least one cooling channel present in the liner, at least one of the cooling channels are covered with at least one removable liner/channel cover, carbon deposits are formed from the presence of hydrocarbons in the recycle gas, at least one channel is formed in a spiral cooling channel pattern, at least one channel is formed in a substantially straight cooling channel pattern, and a plenum to aid in the production of an even distribution of cooling gas in the channels. 1. A method of cooling a liner in a plasma chamber comprising , contacting the liner with or passing through the liner , at least one recycle gas to be used to create the plasma in the plasma chamber , to cool the plasma chamber liner and pre-heat the recycle gas , and returning the pre-heated recycle gas to the plasma chamber to create the plasma.2. The method of wherein the liner is graphite.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the recycle gas passes through at least one cooling channel present in the liner.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein at least one of the cooling channels are covered with at least one removable liner/channel cover.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the cover is removed to remove any carbon deposits in the channels.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the carbon deposits are formed from the presence of hydrocarbons in the recycle gas.7. The method of claim 3 , wherein at least one channel is formed in a spiral cooling channel pattern.8. The method of claim 3 , wherein at least one channel is formed in a substantially straight cooling channel pattern.9. The method of claim 3 , including more than one channel.10. The method of claim 9 , ...

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Номер записи: 39
21-01-2021 дата публикации

WATER TEMPERATURE AS A MEANS OF CONTROLLING KINETICS OF ONSITE GENERATED PERACIDS

Номер: US20210015096A1
Автор: Herdt Brandon, Kraus Paul R., Li Junzhong, McSherry David D., Rustad Thomas C., Staub Richard, Walsh Richard
Принадлежит:

Methods and systems for temperature-controlled, on-site generation of peracids, namely peroxycarboxylic acids and peroxycarboxylic acid forming compositions are disclosed. In particular, methods for using an adjustable biocide formulator or generator system overcome the limitations of temperature on the kinetics of the peracid generation and/or peracid decomposition inside an adjustable biocide formulator or generator system. The methods include the controlling of the temperature of at least one raw starting material, namely water, to improve upon methods of on-site generation of peracids. The methods allow for the generation of user-selected chemistry without regard to the ambient temperatures of the raw starting materials and/or the biocide formulator or generator system. 1. A method for peroxycarboxylic acid forming composition generation or peroxycarboxylic acid generation comprising:inputting a user-desired or system-controlled volume or mass of a peroxycarboxylic acid forming composition or peroxycarboxylic acid into a control software for on-site generation; andcombining one or more esters of a polyhydric alcohol and a C1 to C18 carboxylic acid, a source of alkalinity and an oxidizing agent at an alkaline pH of at least about 12 in an adjustable biocide formulator or generator system, wherein said system is an apparatus that is insensitive to environmental temperatures of the location of the apparatus and/or reagents comprising a reaction vessel, a series of feed pumps, an outlet for dosing the peroxycarboxylic acid forming composition or the peroxycarboxylic acid from said reaction vessel and a controller for a user- or system-inputted selection device; andgenerating the peroxycarboxylic acid forming composition or peroxycarboxylic acid;wherein said temperature insensitivity to the environmental temperatures of the location of the apparatus and/or reagents is controlled by a mechanism for maintaining a controlled temperature of said reaction vessel and/or ...

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Номер записи: 40
17-01-2019 дата публикации

CALCINED GYPSUM TREATMENT DEVICE AND CALCINED GYPSUM TREATMENT METHOD

Номер: US20190016633A1
Автор: HAYASE Ken
Принадлежит: YOSHINO GYPSUM CO., LTD.

A calcined gypsum treatment apparatus has an agitating type of cooler provided with a cooling region for cooling the calcined gypsum, and a moisture supplying device for incorporating moisture into the calcined gypsum. The moisture supplying device includes a humid gas-feeding port which introduces humid gas including moisture or steam, directly into the cooling region. The calcined gypsum is introduced through a calcined gypsum introduction port into the cooling region, and the moisture is incorporated into the calcined gypsum to modify the calcined gypsum. The humid gas-feeding port is positioned in vicinity to the calcined gypsum introduction port so as to allow the spouted or delivered flow of the humid gas to be brought into contact with the calcined gypsum immediately after introduced into the cooling region. 1. A calcined gypsum treatment apparatus , which has a moisture supplying device for incorporating moisture into calcined gypsum and an agitating type of cooler provided with a cooling region for cooling the calcined gypsum;wherein said moisture supplying device includes a humid gas-feeding port which introduces a spouted flow or delivered flow of the humid gas, including moisture or steam, directly into the cooling region;wherein said cooler is provided with a calcined gypsum introduction port for introducing the calcined gypsum into said cooling region; andwherein said humid gas-feeding port is positioned in vicinity to said calcined gypsum introduction port so as to cause said spouted or delivered flow of the humid gas to be brought into contact with said calcined gypsum immediately after being introduced into said cooling region.2. The apparatus as defined in claim 1 , wherein said humid gas is a high temperature and high humidity gas produced in a calciner for calcination of said calcined gypsum and separated from the calcined gypsum; said cooler has a calcined gypsum supply device including the calcined gypsum introduction port; a calcined gypsum ...

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Номер записи: 41
17-01-2019 дата публикации

Process of Removing Heat

Номер: US20190016654A1
Автор: Andre Peter Steynberg, Dennis Parker, Ivan Phillip GREAGER, Jasmeer Jaichland RAMLAL, John Dolan, Roger Allen HARRIS, Steven Claude Leviness
Принадлежит: Velocys Inc, Velocys Technologies Ltd, VENTECH ENGINEERS INTERNATIONAL LLC

The present invention provides an improved process for removing heat from an exothermic reaction. In particular, the present invention provides a process wherein heat can be removed from multiple reaction trains using a common coolant system.

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Номер записи: 42
17-01-2019 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR SUPPRESSING FOAM FORMATION IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HYDROPHILIC POLYAMIDES

Номер: US20190016857A1
Автор: LANGRICK Charles Richard
Принадлежит: INVISTA North America S.a.r.l.

Disclosed is a process for making a polyetheramine containing polyamide without excessive foaming in successive batches by providing a controlled heat input rate step for those batch runs that incorporate polyetheramine containing polyamide heel from previous runs. 128-. (canceled)29. A process for making polyamide comprising:(a) at least partially polymerizing a first aqueous charge of a diamine and a diacid to form polyamide in a reactor;(b) adding a polyetheramine to the reactor and further polymerizing the diamine, diacid and polyetheramine to form polyetheramine-containing polyamide in the reactor;(c) recovering a first portion of the polyetheramine-containing polyamide from the reactor and retaining a second portion of the polyetheramine-containing polyamide within the reactor;(d) loading the reactor with a second aqueous charge of diamine and diacid and at least partially polymerizing the second aqueous charge with the second portion of the polyetheramine-containing polyamide within the reactor;(e) heating the reactor at heat input rate Q1 to temperature range T1 and pressure range P1;(f) reducing the heat input rate to Q2 and holding the reactor at temperature range T2 and pressure range P2 for about 1 minute to about 40 minutes to reduce the water content of the polymerizing mass;(g) adding polyetheramine to the reactor; and(h) increasing the heat input rate to the reactor to Q3, where Q3>Q2, and at least partially venting the reactor to control pressure at or below range P2, and further polymerizing to form polyetheramine-containing polyamide within the reactor.30. The process of wherein the second aqueous charge loaded to the reactor contains from 10 wt. % to 30 wt. % water.31. The process of claim 29 , wherein the polyetheramine is present in the polyetheramine-containing polyamide of step (f) in an amount ranging from 1 wt. % to 20 wt. %.32. The process of claim 29 , wherein the diacid is selected from the group consisting of oxalic acid claim 29 , ...

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Номер записи: 43
16-01-2020 дата публикации

BORON NITRIDE NANOTUBE SYNTHESIS VIA DIRECT INDUCTION

Номер: US20200017360A1
Автор: JORDAN Kevin C., SMITH Michael W., STEVENS Jonathan C., WHITNEY R. Roy
Принадлежит:

High quality, catalyst-free boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) that are long, flexible, have few wall molecules and few defects in the crystalline structure, can be efficiently produced by a process driven primarily by Direct Induction. Secondary Direct Induction coils, Direct Current heaters, lasers, and electric arcs can provide additional heating to tailor the processes and enhance the quality of the BNNTs while reducing impurities. Heating the initial boron feed stock to temperatures causing it to act as an electrical conductor can be achieved by including refractory metals in the initial boron feed stock, and providing additional heat via lasers or electric arcs. Direct Induction processes may be energy efficient and sustainable for indefinite period of time. Careful heat and gas flow profile management may be used to enhance production of high quality BNNT at significant production rates. 1. An apparatus for synthesizing BNNTs through direct induction , the apparatus comprising: a chamber providing a boron feedstock mounting surface;a nitrogen gas supply system configured to feed nitrogen to the chamber in a first direction;a boron feedstock support; andan induction coil surrounding the boron feedstock support and configured to inductively heat an electrically conductive feedstock on the boron feedstock support.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:a growth zone region downstream of the boron feedstock support in the first direction, the growth zone region configured to allow BNNTs to self-assemble downstream of the boron feedstock support in the first direction.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the boron feedstock support comprises a crucible made of at least boron nitride.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the boron feedstock support comprises a water cooling channel.5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the concentrator surrounds the crucible.6. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the concentrator comprises an outer cylindrical portion of a ...

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Номер записи: 44
16-01-2020 дата публикации

TWO-STAGE ENERGY-INTEGRATED PRODUCT GAS GENERATION SYSTEM AND METHOD

Номер: US20200017782A1
Автор: ATTWOOD Brian Christopher, Burciaga Daniel A., Chandran Ravi, Freitas Shawn Robert, HARRINGTON Kaitlin Emily, LEO DANIEL MICHAEL, MILLER Justin Kevin, Newport Dave G.
Принадлежит: Thermochem Recovery International, Inc.

A multi-stage product gas generation system converts a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas which may subsequently be converted into a liquid fuel or other material. One or more reactors containing bed material may be used to conduct reactions to effect the conversions. Unreacted inert feedstock contaminants present in the carbonaceous material may be separated from bed material using a portion of the product gas. A heat transfer medium collecting heat from a reaction in one stage may be applied as a reactant input in another, earlier stage. 144.-. (canceled)45. A method for converting a carbonaceous material into at least one liquid fuel , the method comprising:(a) combining a carbonaceous material and carbon dioxide in a feedstock delivery system;(b) introducing the combined carbonaceous material and carbon dioxide into a first reactor containing a first particulate heat transfer material;(c) introducing steam into the first reactor;(d) reacting the carbonaceous material with steam and carbon dioxide in an endothermic thermochemical reaction to generate a first reactor product gas containing char;(e) introducing a portion of the char into a second reactor containing a second particulate heat transfer material;(f) introducing an oxygen-containing gas into the second reactor;(g) reacting the char with the oxygen-containing gas in the second reactor, in an exothermic thermochemical reaction to generate a second reactor product gas;(h) transferring heat, via a second reactor heat exchanger, from the exothermic thermochemical reaction to a first heat transfer medium in thermal contact with the second reactor, the heat transfer medium comprising steam;(i) introducing at least a portion of the heated first heat transfer medium into the first reactor for use as the source of steam in (c);(j) compressing the first and/or second reactor product gas to thereby form a compressed product gas;(k) removing carbon dioxide from the compressed ...

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Номер записи: 45
17-04-2014 дата публикации

Method And Apparatus For Monitoring And Controlling Exothermic And Endothermic Chemical Reactions

Номер: US20140105808A1
Автор: Richard A. Clark, Richard D. Lusk, JR., Thomas E. McNeel
Принадлежит: Buckman Laboratories International Inc

A method of controlling an exothermic or endothermic chemical reaction is provided. The method involves measuring a temperature of a first reactant flowing at a first flow rate, contacting the first reactant with a second reactant flowing at a second flow rate to form a reaction product, measuring the temperature of the reaction product, and determining the temperature difference between the temperature of the first reactant and the temperature of the reaction product. The method can further involve adjusting the flow rate of at least one of the first reactant and the second reactant, or shutting down flow, based on the temperature difference. An apparatus to carry out the method is also provided. The method and apparatus can be useful in controlling many different reactions, including the reaction of sodium hypochlorite and ammonia to form monochloramine.

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Номер записи: 46
28-01-2016 дата публикации

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING RADIONUCLIDE

Номер: US20160023182A1
Автор: KANI Yuko, TADOKORO Takahiro
Принадлежит:

A method for producing a radionuclide is provided that produces molybdenum trioxide 99 (Mo-99.O) and technetium oxide 99m (Tc-99m.O) by emitting an electron beam accelerated by an electron linear accelerator to a molybdenum trioxide 100 (Mo-100.O) powder sample, and which separates and purifies technetium oxide 99m from both the molybdenum trioxide 99 and the technetium oxide 99m by using a radionuclide separation/purification unit. The method for producing a radionuclide supplies temperature-regulated gas to the molybdenum trioxide 100 powder sample during an irradiation period during which the electron beam is emitted to the molybdenum trioxide 100 powder sample. 1. A method for producing a radionuclide that produces molybdenum trioxide 99 (Mo-99.O) and technetium oxide 99m (Tc-99m.O) by emitting an electron beam accelerated by an electron linear accelerator to a molybdenum trioxide 100 (Mo-100.O) powder sample , and which separates and purifies technetium oxide 99m from both the molybdenum trioxide 99 and the technetium oxide 99m by using a separation/purification unit , the method comprising:supplying temperature-regulated gas to the molybdenum trioxide 100 powder sample during an irradiation period during which the electron beam is emitted to the molybdenum trioxide 100 powder sample.2. The method for producing a radionuclide according to claim 1 , further comprising:vibrating the molybdenum trioxide 100 powder sample during the irradiation period.3. The method for producing a radionuclide according to claim 1 , whereinthe gas supplied to the molybdenum trioxide 100 powder sample during the irradiation period is a gas mixture of oxygen gas and noble gas.4. The method for producing a radionuclide according to claim 1 , further comprising:measuring a temperature of the molybdenum trioxide 100 powder sample during the irradiation period, andregulating a temperature of the gas so that the temperature of the molybdenum trioxide 100 powder sample is adjusted within a ...

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Номер записи: 47
26-01-2017 дата публикации

Chemical synthesis device

Номер: US20170021323A1
Автор: Hiroshi Sera
Принадлежит: Seiko Epson Corp

An aspect of a chemical synthesis device according to the invention includes a substrate in which a channel for chemically synthesizing a plurality of fluids with each other is formed, and a wiring portion that is provided in the substrate, in which an electric resistance value of the wiring portion changes due to the wiring portion coming into contact with the fluids.

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Номер записи: 48
10-02-2022 дата публикации

A METHOD FOR COOLING/QUENCHING OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE GASEOUS STREAM OF METAL- OR METALLOID HALIDES IN CARBIDE DERIVED CARBON PRODUCTION

Номер: US20220040660A1
Автор: Leis Jaan, MARKARIAN Ohannes, Pohlmann Sebastian
Принадлежит:

A method and an apparatus for reducing the corrosion of a condenser in carbide derived carbons (CDC) production where cooling/quenching of a gaseous stream metal or metalloid halide is performed by direct contact of gaseous stream with liquid cooling agent before condenser, without utilizing a heat exchanger for the temperature range above 300° C., while keeping purity of gaseous stream of metal or metalloid halide constant. The apparatus comprises a reactor for carbide to carbon conversion and a condenser for collecting the by-produced metal- or metalloid chloride, and a cooling unit comprising a tank of liquid cooling agent. Temperature of the gas stream entering the condenser is reduced by heat absorbed in vaporization of a liquid metal- or metalloid halide introduced from the tank of liquid cooling agent through by supply pump, through the supply flow valve into the gaseous stream at the exit of the reactor. 1. A method for reducing corrosion of a condenser in CDC production , comprising a step of cooling/quenching a gaseous stream metal or metalloid halide by direct contact of the gaseous stream with liquid cooling agent before the condenser , without utilizing a heat exchanger for a temperature range above 300° C. , while keeping purity of the gaseous stream of metal or metalloid halide constant.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein reduction of temperature of the gaseous stream of metal or metalloid halide is performed before an inlet of the condenser claim 1 , and wherein the temperature of gas stream entering the condenser is reduced by the liquid cooling agent led into direct contact with the gaseous stream.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the cooling agent is a liquid metal- or metalloid halide of same chemical composition as the metal- or metalloid halide being condensed from the gaseous stream.4. An apparatus for carbon production via extraction of non-carbon atoms from a metal- or metalloid carbide comprising:a reactor for carbide to ...

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Номер записи: 49
10-02-2022 дата публикации

Polymerization of Propylene

Номер: US20220041769A1
Автор: GARNER Bryan M., PARKER Anthony O.
Принадлежит:

Disclosed are a method and system for propylene polymerization utilizing a loop slurry reactor. The method can include polymerizing propylene in a loop slurry reactor under bulk polymerization conditions to produce polypropylene. The propylene polymerization system can include i) a loop slurry reactor and a heat exchange system that is configured to cool the legs of the loop slurry reactor and/or ii) an inlet manifold that is configured to connect flashline heaters to a separator. 1. A method of polymerizing propylene in a loop slurry reactor under bulk polymerization conditions to produce polypropylene , comprising:cooling a plurality of vertical legs of the loop slurry reactor with a coolant flowing at a coolant flow rate;cooling the coolant in a heat exchanger positioned externally of the loop slurry reactor so as to control a temperature difference between a first temperature of the coolant entering the heat exchanger and a second temperature of the coolant exiting the heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger has a coolant contact surface;producing polypropylene in the loop slurry reactor at a production rate in a range of from about 75 tons/hr to about 90 tons/hr;{'sup': '3', 'wherein a first ratio of the production rate to the coolant flow rate is in a range of from about 1:40 to about 1:65 tons/hr:m/hr.'}2. The method of wherein a second ratio of the production rate to the temperature difference is in a range of from about 11:1 to about 20:1 tons/hr:° C.3. The method of wherein a third ratio of the production rate to a surface area of the coolant contact surface is in a range of from about 0.0352:1 to about 0.637:1 tons/hr:m.4. The method of wherein a fourth ratio of the production rate to the coolant flow rate to the temperature difference is in a range of from about 1:40:0.087 tons/hr:m/hr:° C. to about 1:65:0.050 tons/hr:m/hr:° C.5. A method of polymerizing propylene in a loop slurry reactor under bulk polymerization conditions to produce polypropylene ...

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Номер записи: 50
23-01-2020 дата публикации

REACTOR

Номер: US20200024371A1
Автор: KOTAKE Tomoya, MATSUOKA Misato, NISHIYAMA Shuhei, YOSHIO Noriyuki
Принадлежит:

A polymerization device that includes: a reaction vessel that houses a polymerization solution and in which a polymerization reaction is performed; a stirring blade that stirs the polymerization solution housed in the reaction vessel; a plurality of heat transfer pipes that transfer heat to the polymerization solution in order to start the polymerization reaction and cause the polymerization reaction to proceed, and that remove, from the polymerization solution, heat generated by the polymerization reaction; and a baffle arranged between a vessel wall of the reaction vessel and the heat transfer pipes. 1. A reactor comprising:a reaction vessel that houses a polymerization solution and in which a polymerization reaction is performed;a stirring blade configured to stir the polymerization solution housed in the reaction vessel;a plurality of heat transfer pipes configured to transfer heat to the polymerization solution in order to start the polymerization reaction and cause the polymerization reaction to proceed, and to remove, from the polymerization solution, heat generated by the polymerization reaction; anda baffle arranged between a vessel wall of the reaction vessel and the heat transfer pipes; whereinthe plurality of heat transfer pipes are arranged in a circumferential shape around the stirring blade, include heat transfer pipes whose lower ends are arranged in a position higher than a bottom face of the reaction vessel, and restrict an amount of the polymerization solution circulated from an inner side to a vessel wall side of the reaction vessel, at a depth at which the heat transfer pipes are arranged, andthe baffle changes a flow direction of the polymerization solution that has flowed between the vessel wall of the reaction vessel and the heat transfer pipes arranged in the circumferential shape, and generates a flow of the polymerization solution to an inward direction of the reaction vessel.2. The reactor according to claim 1 , whereina plurality of the ...

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Номер записи: 51
28-01-2021 дата публикации

RARE EARTH EXTRACTION APPARATUS AND METHOD OF USE THEREOF

Номер: US20210025025A1
Автор: Amato Mark R., Lee W. Davis
Принадлежит:

The invention comprises an apparatus and method of use thereof for generating a rare earth from a rare earth oxide, comprising the steps of: (1) dissociating the rare earth oxide and hydrogen gas in a reaction chamber by inductively heating the reaction chamber to greater than 2000° K to form the associated rare earth and water vapor in a reaction process; (2) driving the reaction process forward by removing the water vapor from the reaction chamber by condensing and freezing the water vapor on a first cold trap surface as water ice, where the reaction comprises: REO+3H→2RE+3HO, where REO is a rare earth oxide and RE comprises a rare earth in the rare earth oxide; and/or () monitoring the reaction process by monitoring generation of at least one of the rare earth and the water in a control system designed for continuous/semi-continuous operation. 1. A method for generating a rare earth from a rare earth oxide , comprising the steps of:dissociating the rare earth oxide and hydrogen gas in a reaction chamber by inductively heating the reaction chamber to greater than 2000° K to form the rare earth and water vapor in a reaction process;driving the reaction process forward by removing the water vapor from the reaction chamber by condensing and freezing the water vapor on a first cold trap surface as water ice, according to Le Chatelier's principle.2. The method of claim 1 , said reaction process comprising:{'br': None, 'sub': 2', '3', '2', '2, 'REO+3H→2RE+3HO'}where REO is a rare earth oxide and RE comprises a rare earth in the rare earth oxide, where the rare earth comprises at least one of: cerium (Ce), dysprosium (Dy), erbium (Er), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), holmium (Ho), lanthanum (La), lutetium (Lu), neodymium (Nd), praseodymium (Pr), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), scandium (Sc), terbium (Tb), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), and yttrium (Y).3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the steps of:weighing the cold trap surface to determine mass of water ice ...

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Номер записи: 52
02-02-2017 дата публикации

Process for chlorination of a polymer

Номер: US20170029536A1
Автор: Ninad Deepak INGLE, Pradeep Paresh KAPADIA, Pradip Munshi, Raksh Vir Jasra
Принадлежит: Reliance Industries Ltd

The present disclosure relates to a process for chlorination of a polymer. The process of the present disclosure includes minimum use of light and maximum chlorine utilization for getting maximum chlorination yield. The chlorinated polymer obtained by the process of the present disclosure exhibit improved properties viz. thermal stability, color, inherent viscosity and mechanical properties.

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Номер записи: 53
23-01-2020 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT FOR MONITORING, CONTROLLING AND SURVEILLING PORTABLE LABORATORY REACTOR

Номер: US20200029053A1
Автор: Birau Mihaela M., Borbely David T., Latchman Harry P.
Принадлежит:

There is described a portable reactor system and computer program product. The system allows an operator to remotely monitor and control the chemical processes of a laboratory reactor on an interface device such as a tablet, remote computer or smart phone. At any time, live video of the reactor can be viewed. The temperature of the reactor, temperature of a bath surrounding the reactor, agitator speed of the blade or impeller in the reactor, conductivity of the reactor contents and pH of the reactor contents can be remotely controlled and monitored. 1. An automated wireless laboratory system comprising:a reactor having multiple ports; a speed sensor for measuring revolutions per minute of the drive motor;', 'a temperature sensor for measuring a temperature within the reactor;, 'a drive motor for agitating contents within the reactor;'}a pressure sensor for measuring a pressure within the reactor;a pH sensor for measuring a pH of contents within the reactor; 'a bath surrounding the reactor for at least one of heating and cooling the reactor;', 'a conductivity sensor for measuring a conductivity of the contents within the reactor;'}a bath temperature sensor for measuring a temperature within the bath; and monitor and wirelessly transmit data about: the temperature within the reactor; the pressure within the reactor, the pH, the conductivity, the revolutions per minute, and the temperature within the bath;', 'receive wireless instructions from a remote user that specify the speed of the drive motor, the temperature with in the reactor, the bath temperature, the pH, the pressure; and', 'set the speed of the drive motor, set the temperature with in the reactor, set the pH, and set the pressure based upon wireless instructions from the remote user., 'at least one computing device configured to2. The automated system of claim 1 , further comprising:a portable skid wherein the reactor is mounted on the portable skid.3. The automated system of claim 1 , further comprising:a ...

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Номер записи: 54
17-02-2022 дата публикации

METHOD AND REACTOR TO PRODUCE SYNGAS

Номер: US20220048766A1
Автор: Granovskiy Mikhail
Принадлежит:

Disclosed herein is a method and a reactor for the conversion of a hydrocarbon gas to syngas. The method and reactor utilizes a oxy-hydrogen flame to partially oxidize hydrocarbon gas to syngas by provide an excess flow of oxygen gas. The oxy-hydrogen flame is generated by a multi-tubular oxy-hydrogen burner. 1. A method of producing syngas comprising the steps of:a) providing an oxy-hydrogen flame generated by a multi-tubular oxy-hydrogen burner comprising an inner tube and an outer tube by delivering a flow of hydrogen gas through the inner tube and delivering a flow of oxygen gas through the outer tube of the multi-tubular oxy-hydrogen burner, wherein the delivered oxygen gas is provided in excess to the stoichiometric amount to completely burn the delivered hydrogen gas; andb) directly interacting hydrocarbon gas with the oxy-hydrogen flame by introducing the hydrocarbon gas upstream of the multi-tubular oxy-hydrogen burner to flow in a direction substantially parallel to the oxy-hydrogen flame, wherein the excess of the oxygen gas in the oxy-hydrogen flame partially oxidizes the hydrocarbon gas to produce syngas.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises adjusting the flow of the hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas to minimize their consumption per the syngas produced.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises adjusting the flow of the hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas to obtain a desired ratio of hydrogen gas:carbon monoxide in the produced syngas.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises adjusting the flow of the hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas to maintain a stable flame plume and to suppress soot formation in continuous operation.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the superficial velocity of the flow of the hydrogen is from about 100 ft/s to about 400 ft/s.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the superficial velocity of the flow of the oxygen is from about 10 ft/s to about 50 ft/s.7. The method of claim ...

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Номер записи: 55
17-02-2022 дата публикации

TRANSITION METAL NITRIDES AS SOLID CARRIERS FOR AMMONIA STORAGE

Номер: US20220048781A1
Автор: Peng Jiayu, Roman Yuriy, Shao-Horn Yang
Принадлежит: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

A system and method of generating ammonia can include an acid and an ammonia precursor. 1. A method of generating ammonia comprising:{'sup': 6', '8, 'providing an ammonia precursor including a d-dtransition metal nitride; and'}exposing the ammonia precursor to an acid to generate ammonia.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ammonia precursor includes an iron nitride or a nickel nitride.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ammonia precursor includes FeN or NiN.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the d-dtransition metal nitride is an iron nitride or nickel nitride.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ammonia precursor is exposed to the acid at a temperature of less than 100 degrees C.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ammonia precursor is exposed to the acid at a pressure of less than 2 atmospheres.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the acid is an aqueous acid.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the acid includes sulfuric acid claim 1 , phosphoric acid claim 1 , or perchloric acid.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ammonia precursor includes FeN or NiN and the acid includes sulfuric acid.10. The method of claim 1 , further comprising recovering the ammonia as NHor NH.11. The method of claim 1 , further comprising controlling an amount of acid to control an amount of ammonia generated.12. The method of claim 1 , further comprising recovering a transition metal ion released by the ammonia precursor.13. An ammonia generator comprising:a reaction chamber including an ammonia precursor;an acid source adjacent to the reaction chamber; andan acid delivery device configured to transport an acid from the acid source to the reaction chamber.14. The ammonia generator of claim 13 , wherein the ammonia precursor includes a d-dtransition metal nitride.15. The ammonia generator of claim 13 , wherein the ammonia precursor includes an iron nitride or a nickel nitride.16. The ammonia generator of claim 13 , wherein the ammonia precursor includes FeN or NiN.17. The ammonia ...

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Номер записи: 56
17-02-2022 дата публикации

SOLUTION POLYMERIZATION PROCESS

Номер: US20220049027A1
Автор: Jain Pradeep, JR. Michael J., Rubalcaba Jorge, Turner Michael D., Wang Alec Y., Zogg
Принадлежит:

Disclosed herein too is a method comprising charging to a reactor system a feed stream comprising a catalyst, a monomer and a solvent; reacting the monomer to form a polymer; where the polymer is contained in a single phase polymer solution; transporting the polymer solution to a pre-heater to increase the temperature of the polymer solution; charging the polymer solution to a liquid-liquid separator; reducing a pressure of the polymer solution in the liquid-liquid separator and separating a polymer-rich phase from a solvent-rich phase in the liquid-liquid separator; transporting the polymer-rich phase to a plurality of devolatilization vessels located downstream of the liquid-liquid separator, where each devolatilization vessel operates at a lower pressure than the preceding devolatilization vessel; and separating the polymer from volatiles present in the polymer rich phase. 1. A system for solution polymerization comprising:a reactor system that is operative to receive a monomer, a catalyst and a solvent, and to react the monomer to form a polymer;a pre-heater located downstream of the reactor system, where the pre-heater is operative to receive a polymer solution from the reactor system and to heat the polymer solution to a temperature greater than its lower critical solution temperature;a liquid-liquid separator that is operative to receive a polymer solution from the pre-heater and to facilitate a separation between the polymer and volatiles by reducing the pressure and/or the temperature of the polymer solution to below the lower critical solution temperature of the polymer solution; where the monomer content in the polymer solution entering the liquid-liquid separator is greater than 5 wt % of a total weight of the polymer solution; and where the polymer is present in a polymer-rich phase and the volatiles are present in a solvent-rich phase; anda plurality of devolatilization vessels located downstream of the reactor system, where each devolatilization ...

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Номер записи: 57
17-02-2022 дата публикации

CONTINUOUS SOLID-STATE POLYMERIZATION PROCESS AND REACTOR COLUMN FOR USE THEREIN

Номер: US20220049055A1
Автор: GROLMAN Eric
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a continuous solid-state polymerization process for preparing a polyamide derived from diamine and dicarboxylic acid, wherein the salt is polymerized in a reactor column comprising successive multifunctional zones comprising heating sections and gas-outlet sections, wherein the heating sections comprise static heat exchangers. The invention also relates to the reactor column and use thereof in a continuous solid-state polymerization process. 1. A continuous solid-state polymerization process for preparing a polyamide derived from diamine and dicarboxylic acid , the process comprising steps offeeding solid diammoniumdicarboxylate salt into a reactor column comprising successive multifunctional zones comprising heating sections and gas-outlet sections; heating the salt, respectively the polymerizing mixture and polyamide, in the heating sections, thereby polycondensing the salt to form a polymerizing mixture, respectively further polycondensing the polymerizing mixture to form a polyamide, and optionally further polycondensing the polyamide to form a polyamide with higher molecular weight, and producing water vapor, and', 'removing the water vapor via gas-outlet sections; and, 'transporting the salt, or where applicable a polymerizing mixture or a polyamide resulting thereof, as a moving packed bed through the successive multifunctional zones, while'}discharging the resulting polyamide from the reactor column;wherein the salt, the polymerizing mixture and polyamide are kept in the solid-state and wherein the heating sections comprise static heat exchangers.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the solid diammoniumdicarboxylate salt is fed into the reactor column via a charging section and the resulting polyamide is discharged from the reactor column via a discharge section claim 1 , and wherein a purge of inert gas is fed into the charging section claim 1 , or into the discharge section claim 1 , or into both.3. The process according ...

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Номер записи: 58
30-01-2020 дата публикации

PROCESS COMPRISING EXOTHERMAL CATALYTIC REACTION OF A SYNTHESIS GAS AND RELATED PLANT

Номер: US20200031664A1
Автор: Moreo Pietro, SASSI Fabio
Принадлежит:

A synthesis process comprising steam reforming a gaseous hydrocarbon feedstock (); exothermically reacting the resulting synthesis gas; removing heat from said exothermal reaction by producing steam (); using said steam as heat input to the steam reforming, wherein the steam reforming comprises: a) forming a mixture () containing steam and hydrocarbons by at least the step of adding a first stream of water () to the hydrocarbon feedstock (); b) heating said mixture () by indirect heat exchange with synthesis gas; c) reforming said mixture after said heating step b). 115-. (canceled)16. A synthesis process , comprising:steam reforming a gaseous hydrocarbon feedstock, thereby obtaining a synthesis gas;exothermically reacting said synthesis gas in the presence of a catalyst, thereby obtaining a synthesis product;removing heat from said exothermal reaction by producing steam, wherein at least part of said steam provides a heat input to the reforming of said hydrocarbon feedstock; a) forming a mixture containing steam and hydrocarbons by at least a step of adding a first stream of water to the hydrocarbon feedstock in a saturating tower, said stream of water being pre-heated by indirect heat exchange, prior to admission into said tower, with at least a portion of the steam produced by removing heat from the exothermal synthesis reaction;', 'b) heating said mixture by indirect heat exchange with at least part of said synthesis gas; and', 'c) reforming said mixture after said heating step b)., 'wherein the steam reforming of the hydrocarbon feedstock includes17. The synthesis process of claim 16 , wherein the formation of said mixture further includes mixing an effluent of said tower with a second stream of water claim 16 , and said second stream is pre-heated by indirect heat exchange with said synthesis gas.18. The synthesis process of claim 17 , wherein a stream of synthesis gas transfers heat to said mixture during the heating step b) claim 17 , and the synthesis gas ...

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Номер записи: 59
04-02-2016 дата публикации

HIGH-DENSITY PRECURSOR FOR MANUFACTURE OF COMPOSITE METAL OXIDE CATHODES FOR LI-ION BATTERIES

Номер: US20160036043A1
Автор: CARTER John David, Dai Hongli, JOHNSON Christopher S., Wu Huiming
Принадлежит:

The disclosed embodiments relate to the manufacture of a precursor co-precipitate material for a cathode active material composition. During manufacture of the precursor co-precipitate material, an aqueous solution containing at least one of a manganese sulfate and a cobalt sulfate is formed. Next, a NHOH solution is added to the aqueous solution to form a particulate solution comprising irregular secondary particles of the precursor co-precipitate material. A constant pH in the range of 10-12 is also maintained in the particulate solution by adding a basic solution to the particulate solution. 1. A method for manufacturing a precursor co-precipitate material for a cathode active material composition , comprising:forming an aqueous solution comprising at least one of a manganese sulfate and a cobalt sulfate;{'sub': '4', 'adding a NHOH solution to the aqueous solution to form a particulate solution comprising irregular secondary particles of the precursor co-precipitate material; and'}maintaining a constant pH in the range of 10-12 in the particulate solution by adding a basic solution to the particulate solution.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:agitating the particulate solution to form spherical co-precipitate particles from the irregular secondary particles.3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising:filtering the spherical co-precipitate particles from the particulate solution;washing the filtered spherical co-precipitate particles; anddrying the spherical co-precipitate particles.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the spherical co-precipitate particles have a median particle size of greater than 5 microns.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the particulate solution is agitated for 3-72 hours or continuously.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the particulate solution is maintained at a constant temperature in the range of 30-65° C.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the basic solution comprises at least one of an alkali metal hydroxide claim 1 , an ...

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Номер записи: 60
11-02-2016 дата публикации

PROCESSING DEVICE AND PROCESSING METHOD

Номер: US20160038901A1
Автор: MATSUOKA Akira, NOISHIKI Koji
Принадлежит: Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd.)

A processing device and processing method that can perform processing of a starting material fluid while favorably controlling the processing temperature of same. The processing device includes: a processing member that leads in the starting material fluid and processes same therewithin; and a processing tank that houses the processing member and retains the processed processing products. The processing member includes: a minute duct provided therewithin and causes the flow-through of the starting material fluid; and a heat medium duct that causes the flow-through of a heat medium having a different temperature from that of the starting material fluid flowing through the minute duct. The minute duct and the heat medium duct are separated from each other so that heat exchange is possible between the starting material fluid and heat medium flowing through. 1: A processing device for subjecting a material fluid to a process while controlling a processing temperature of the material fluid , comprising:a processing member into which the material fluid is guided and subjected to the process inside; anda processing bath that accommodates said processing member and stores a processing product provided by the process in said processing member, whereinsaid processing member has at least one minute flow passage provided inside said processing member, the minute flow passage inside which the material fluid is circulated, and at least one heat medium flow passage provided inside said processing member, the heat medium flow passage inside which a heat medium having a temperature different from the temperature of the material fluid circulated in the at-least-one minute flow passage is circulated, andthe at-least-one minute flow passage and the at-least-one heat medium flow passage are isolated from each other in such a manner that heat exchange is capable of being performed between the material fluid flowing through the minute flow passage and the heat medium flowing through the ...

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Номер записи: 61
17-02-2022 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING HYDROGEN AND GENERATING ELECTRICAL POWER

Номер: US20220052364A1
Автор: KRATSCHMAR Kenneth William, Leboe David Aaron, Reid Christopher Edwin John, Schubak Gary Edward
Принадлежит:

There is described a method for producing hydrogen and generating electrical power. A hydrocarbon fuel source is decomposed into hydrogen and carbon using a hydrocarbon dissociation reactor. The carbon is separated from the hydrogen in a carbon separator. Electrical power is generated from the separated carbon using a direct carbon fuel cell. 1. A method for producing hydrogen and generating electrical power , comprising:decomposing a hydrocarbon fuel source into hydrogen and carbon using a hydrocarbon dissociation reactor;separating the carbon from the hydrogen in a carbon separator; andgenerating electrical power from the separated carbon using a direct carbon fuel cell (DCFC).2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising purifying the separated hydrogen using a hydrogen separator.3. The method of or claim 1 , further comprising:mixing, in the carbon separator, the separated carbon with a molten carbonate electrolyte to form a slurry,{'claim-text': ['circulating the slurry to the DCFC, wherein in the DCFC at least some carbon comprised in the slurry is converted to carbon dioxide and electrical power, thereby forming a carbon-depleted slurry; and', 'circulating the carbon-depleted slurry away from the DCFC.'], '#text': 'wherein generating electrical power from the separated carbon comprises:'}4. The method of claim 3 , wherein circulating the slurry to the DCFC comprises circulating the slurry to an anode and to an electrolyte flow field of the DCFC claim 3 , and wherein in the anode at least some carbon comprised in the slurry is converted to carbon dioxide and electrical power claim 3 , thereby forming the carbon-depleted slurry.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein circulating the slurry to the DCFC comprises circulating the slurry to an anode of the DCFC and not to an electrolyte flow field of the DCFC claim 3 , and wherein in the anode at least some carbon comprised in the slurry is converted to carbon dioxide and electrical power claim 3 , thereby forming the ...

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Номер записи: 62
08-02-2018 дата публикации

Systems and processes for producing polyether polyols

Номер: US20180036704A1
Автор: D. Mark Morrison, Jack R. Reese, Jye-Sheng Lai, Robert A. Lenahan, William D. Wray
Принадлежит: Covestro LLC

Disclosed are processes and systems for producing polyether polyols and for the recovery of heat generated during such polyether polyol production.

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Номер записи: 63
24-02-2022 дата публикации

FLOW-TYPE REACTOR HEAT-EXCHANGER AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURE THEREOF

Номер: US20220055008A1
Автор: Jones Jonathan P.
Принадлежит:

A reactor includes a first outer tube configured to contain a working fluid, and a first inner tube disposed in the first outer tube. The first inner tube is configured to contain a source of heat to transfer or absorb heat to or from the working fluid. The reactor further includes a second inner tube in the first outer tube. The second inner tube is wound around the first inner tube in a helical fashion, and the second inner tube is configured absorbs heat from and/or dissipates heat to the working fluid, and/or facilitate a reaction in a reactant contained in the second inner tube. 1. A reactor comprising:a first outer tube configured to contain a working fluid;a first inner tube disposed in the first outer tube, the first inner tube configured to contain a source of heat to at least one of transfer heat to the working fluid and absorb heat from the working fluid; anda second inner tube disposed in the first outer tube, whereinthe second inner tube is wound around the first inner tube in a helical fashion, and absorb heat from or dissipate heat to the working fluid, and', 'facilitate a reaction in a reactant contained in the second inner tube., 'the second inner tube is configured to at least one of2. The reactor of claim 1 , further comprising an interface tube that isolates the second inner tube from a pressure outside of the first outer tube.3. The reactor of claim 2 , whereinthe first outer tube, the first inner tube, and the interface tube have rupture strengths that are greater than a rupture strength of the second inner tube, andthe reactant in the second inner tube can be pressurized up to the rupture strength of one of the first outer tube, the first inner tube, and the interface tube.4. The reactor of claim 1 , further comprising a heating cartridge disposed within the first inner tube claim 1 , wherein the heating cartridge is configured to heat the working fluid and the second inner tube via resistive heating.5. The reactor of claim 1 , wherein the ...

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Номер записи: 64
24-02-2022 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING ORGANIC COMPOUND

Номер: US20220056004A1
Автор: ENDO Takeshi, Enomura Masakazu, TAKEDA Kazutaka
Принадлежит: M. TECHNIQUE CO., LTD.

Provided is a method for producing an organic compound, the method making it possible to ensure an adequate reaction time and obtain a targeted substance at a high yield even in an organic reaction that requires a relatively long time to complete the reaction. A method for producing an organic compound, wherein the method is characterized in that: a fluid processing apparatus F used in the production method is equipped with an upstream processing unit that processes a fluid to be processed between at least two processing surfaces and that relatively rotate, and a downstream processing unit disposed downstream of the upstream processing unit, the downstream processing unit being provided with a plurality of labyrinth seals that function to retain and stir the fluid to be processed that has been processed by the upstream processing unit; due to the fluid to be processed, which contains at least one type of organic compound, being passed through the upstream processing unit, the fluid to be processed is subjected to upstream processing; due to the fluid to be processed that has been subjected to upstream processing being passed through the downstream processing unit, the fluid to be processed that has been subjected to upstream processing is subjected to downstream processing; and the upstream processing and the downstream processing are performed continuously. 1. A method for producing an organic compound , whereina fluid processing apparatus used in the production method comprises an upstream-side processing part in which a fluid to be processed is processed between at least two processing surfaces that rotate relative to each other, and a downstream-side processing part is arranged in the downstream side of the upstream-side processing part and is provided with a plurality of labyrinth seals having functions of retaining and stirring the fluid to be processed being processed in the upstream-side processing part, whereinby the fluid to be processed which contains at ...

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Номер записи: 65
24-02-2022 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR HEATING HYDROISOMERIZATION FEED

Номер: US20220056352A1
Автор: Ayar Yoga R., Ladkat Kiran, Luharuka Pallavi, Petri John A., Tensingh Ashwin Singh
Принадлежит:

The process and apparatus of the disclosure utilize a heater between a hydroprocessing reactor and a hydroisomerization reactor. A hydroprocessing feed exchanger cools hydroprocessed effluent to effect turndown of heated hydroprocessed effluent so as to not feed the hydroprocessed effluent to the hydroisomerization reactor at a higher temperature than necessary. 1. A process for hydroprocessing and hydroisomerizing a hydrocarbon feed stream comprising:heating said hydrocarbon feed stream by heat exchange with a heated hydroprocessed effluent stream;hydroprocessing said hydrocarbon feed stream in the presence of hydrogen over a hydroprocessing catalyst to produce a hydroprocessed effluent stream;heating said hydroprocessed effluent stream to provide said heated hydroprocessed effluent stream;hydroisomerizing said heated hydroprocessed effluent stream in the presence of hydrogen over a hydroisomerization catalyst to produce a hydroisomerized effluent stream.2. The process of further comprising preheating said hydrocarbon feed stream by heat exchanging said hydrocarbon feed stream with said hydroisomerized effluent stream prior to heating said hydrocarbon feed stream.3. The process of further comprising adding a hydrogen stream to said hydrocarbon feed stream prior to preheating said hydrocarbon feed stream.4. The process of further comprising adding a quench stream to said hydroprocessed effluent stream after heat exchanging said hydrocarbon feed stream with said heated hydroprocessed effluent stream.5. The process of further comprising heating said hydroprocessed effluent stream in a fired heater.6. The process of wherein said hydroprocessed effluent stream is periodically hotter at discharge from a hydroprocessing reactor than when fed to a hydroisomerization reactor.7. The process of further comprising cooling said heated hydroprocessed effluent stream by heat exchange with said hydrocarbon feed stream.8. The process of further comprising hydrotreating said ...

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Номер записи: 66
07-02-2019 дата публикации

A REACTOR FOR OXIDATION OF AMMONIA IN THE PRODUCTION OF NITRIC ACID

Номер: US20190039892A1
Автор: Granger Jean Francois
Принадлежит: Casale SA

A method for the production of nitric acid, comprising a step of oxidation of ammonia in the presence of a catalyst, comprising a step of monitoring the temperature of said catalyst by at least one contactless infrared sensor. 1. A method for the production of nitric acid , comprising a step of oxidation of ammonia in the presence of a catalyst , characterized by comprising a step of monitoring the temperature of said catalyst by at least one contactless infrared sensor.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said catalyst is a platinum catalyst or a platinum-rhodium catalyst claim 1 , and said catalyst being preferably the form of a gauze.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein:said sensor is positioned away from the catalyst and the method comprising the step of switching said sensor between at least a first position wherein the sensor points a first region of the catalyst, and a second position wherein the sensor points a second region of the catalyst, so that the sensor can selectively detect the temperature of said first region and second region of catalyst.4. The method according to claim 1 , comprising the use of a plurality of infrared sensors to monitor the temperature of said catalyst.5. The method according to wherein: an alarm signal is generated when the temperature difference between different regions of catalyst exceeds a predetermined alarm threshold.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said step of oxidation is carried out with a ratio of ammonia to an oxidant which is continuously adjusted as a function of the temperature of the catalyst detected by said at least one contactless infrared sensor.7. The reactor for catalytic oxidation of ammonia claim 1 , particularly for subsequent production of nitric acid claim 1 , comprising a pressure vessel and a catalytic basket claim 1 , said catalytic basket containing a catalyst suitable for oxidation of ammonia claim 1 , characterized by comprising at least one infrared sensor arranged to ...

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Номер записи: 67
06-02-2020 дата публикации

Reactor For Conducting At Least Two Reactants

Номер: US20200038832A1
Автор: Jastram Alexander, Kiener Christoph
Принадлежит: SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

Various embodiments include a reactor comprising: a longitudinally extending reaction channel providing a flow path for a first reactant; a feed channel providing a flow path for a second reactant; multiple passage openings spaced apart from one another providing fluidic connecting between the feed channel and the reaction channel via respective partial streams for the second reactant; and a medium channel surrounding the reaction channel to bring a medium for exchange of heat with contents of the reaction channel and influencing a temperature of the reaction channel. The respective partial streams for the second reactant mix with the first reactant in the reaction channel to allow a chemical reaction of the first reactant and the second reactant. 1. A reactor comprising:a longitudinally extending reaction channel providing a flow path for a first reactant;a feed channel providing a flow path for a second reactant;multiple passage openings spaced apart from one another providing fluidic connecting between the feed channel and the reaction channel via respective partial streams for the second reactant;wherein the respective partial streams for the second reactant mix with the first reactant in the reaction channel to allow a chemical reaction of the first reactant and the second reactant; anda medium channel surrounding the reaction channel to bring a medium for exchange of heat with contents of the reaction channel and influencing a temperature of the reaction channel.2. The reactor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:the feed channel defines a flow direction for the second reactant; andthe passage openings are spaced apart from one another along the flow direction.3. The reactor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the reactor is formed as a unitary body.4. The reactor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the reactor is produced by means of a generative manufacturing process.5. The reactor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the reaction channel extends in a helical shape.6. The ...

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Номер записи: 68
06-02-2020 дата публикации

Lewis Base-Mediated Recovery of Fibers From Fiber Reinforced Polymers

Номер: US20200039115A1
Автор: Dalal Hardik, George Panagiotis Emanuel, Gross Adam F., Guan Xin N., Sorensen Adam E., Vajo John J.
Принадлежит:

Disclosed are methods and apparatus for recovering fibers from fiber reinforced polymers wherein the fiber reinforced polymer is contacted with a Lewis base for a time sufficient to allow at least partial depolymerization of the polymer. 1. A method of recovering free fibers from a fiber reinforced polymer , the method comprising: the Lewis base has a melting point of at least about 35° C.; and', 'the fiber reinforced polymer is contained in a container, wherein the container is suspended in the vessel and comprises a plurality of perforations, and is configured to rotate within the vessel;, 'contacting a fiber reinforced polymer with a molten Lewis base in a reaction vessel, wherein'}rotating the container while in contact with the molten Lewis base for a period of time sufficient to at least partially depolymerize a portion of the fiber reinforced polymer to yield free fiber.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the container is rotated in alternating first and second directions every 0.1-10 seconds.3. A method according to claim 1 , further comprising removing the free fiber from the reaction vessel.4. A method according to claim 3 , further comprising cleaning the free fiber claim 3 , wherein the cleaning is performed at a temperature greater than the melting point of the Lewis base.5. A method according to claim 4 , wherein the cleaning comprises washing the mass to yield free fiber claim 4 , wherein the washing comprises washing the mass with a gas or washing the mass with a solvent in which each of the Lewis base and the depolymerized polymer resin are soluble.6. A method according to claim 4 , wherein the cleaning comprises removing free fiber from the mass by spinning the mass claim 4 , by pressing the mass claim 4 , or a combination thereof.7. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature of the molten Lewis base is between about 150° C. and 360° C.8. A method according to claim 1 , where the contacting is carried out under an inert ...

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Номер записи: 69
18-02-2021 дата публикации

INTEGRATED DEVICE FOR PREPARING MAGNESIUM HYDRIDE POWDER AND METHOD FOR PREPARING MAGNESIUM HYDRIDE POWDER

Номер: US20210046550A1
Автор: Ding Wenjiang, ZOU Jianxin
Принадлежит:

Provided is an integrated device for preparing magnesium hydride powder and a method for preparing magnesium hydride powder. The device comprises a heating chamber for heating a magnesium-based metal material to produce metal droplets; a powder-making chamber comprising an atomizing means used for atomizing the metal droplets which are then cooled to form a metal powder; and a reaction chamber used for performing a hydrogenation reaction on the metal powder to form the magnesium hydride powder. The device is an integrated structure monolithic with a simple structure and a convenient operation; and the entire process of preparing magnesium hydride powder can be completed in this single device and can realize automated control. The preparation method is simple and easy to operate and produces a product that has a moderate size, uniform particles, and excellent performance. 1. An integrated device for preparing magnesium hydride powder , characterized in that the device comprises:a heating chamber used for heating a magnesium-based metal material to produce metal droplets;a powder-making chamber comprising an atomizing means used for atomizing the metal droplets which are then cooled to form a metal powder; anda reaction chamber used for performing a hydrogenation reaction on the metal powder to form the magnesium hydride powder.2. The device of claim 1 , characterized in that the device further comprises a collection chamber between the powder-making chamber and the reaction chamber claim 1 , and the collection chamber is used for collecting and screening the metal powder.3. The device according to claim 1 , characterized in that the heating chamber comprises a hatch cover claim 1 , wherein when the hatch cover is opened claim 1 , the heating chamber is in communication with the external environment claim 1 , and the heating chamber can be charged from the external environment; and when the hatch cover is closed claim 1 , the heating chamber is not in communication ...

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Номер записи: 70
06-02-2020 дата публикации

REACTOR

Номер: US20200040111A1
Автор: KOTAKE Tomoya, MATSUOKA Misato, NISHIYAMA Shuhei, YOSHIO Noriyuki
Принадлежит:

A polymerization device that includes: a reaction vessel that houses a polymerization solution and in which a polymerization reaction is performed; a stirring blade that stirs the polymerization solution housed in the reaction vessel; a plurality of heat transfer pipes that transfer heat to the polymerization solution in order to start the polymerization reaction and cause the polymerization reaction to proceed, and that remove, from the polymerization solution, heat generated by the polymerization reaction; and a baffle arranged between a vessel wall of the reaction vessel and the heat transfer pipes. 1. A manufacturing method for a reaction product comprising:housing a polymerization solution in a reaction vessel in which a polymerization reaction is performed;stirring the polymerization solution housed in the reaction vessel using a stirring blade;transferring heat to the polymerization solution in order to start the polymerization reaction and cause the polymerization reaction to proceed, and to remove, from the polymerization solution, heat generated by the polymerization reaction using a plurality of heat transfer pipes; whereinthe plurality of heat transfer pipes are arranged in a circumferential shape around the stirring blade, include a heat transfer pipe whose lower end is arranged in a position higher than a bottom face of the reaction vessel, and restrict an amount of the polymerization solution circulated from an inner side to a vessel wall side of the reaction vessel, at a depth at which the heat transfer pipes are arranged,the method further comprising changing a flow direction of the polymerization solution that has flowed between the vessel wall of the reaction vessel and the heat transfer pipes arranged in the circumferential shape using a baffle arranged between a vessel wall of the reaction vessel and the heat transfer pipes, thereby generating a flow of the polymerization solution to an inward direction of the reaction vessel, and whereinthe ...

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Номер записи: 71
18-02-2021 дата публикации

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR EFFECTIVE PREPARATION OF TRIFLUOROAMINE OXIDE

Номер: US20210047184A1
Автор: Kang Hong Suk, KIM Beom Sik, Kwak Junghun, Kwon Byunghyang, Lee Soo Bok, Park In Joon, So Won Wook, Sohn Eun-ho, Yook Shin Hong
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a preparation method of trifluoroamine oxide which comprises the steps of producing an intermediate product by reacting nitrogen trifluoride and nitrous oxide in the presence of a reaction catalyst wherein the unreacted gas containing nitrogen (N) produced in the course of the reaction is removed and instead nitrogen trifluoride and nitrous oxide are injected additionally; and producing trifluoroamine oxide by reacting the intermediate product with sodium fluoride. 1. A preparation method of trifluoroamine oxide comprising the following steps:{'sub': '2', 'producing an intermediate product by reacting nitrogen trifluoride and nitrous oxide in the presence of a reaction catalyst wherein the unreacted gas containing nitrogen (N) produced in the course of the reaction is removed and instead nitrogen trifluoride and nitrous oxide are injected additionally; and'}producing trifluoroamine oxide by reacting the intermediate product with sodium fluoride.2. The preparation method of trifluoroamine oxide according to claim 1 , wherein the step of producing an intermediate product is characterized by reusing nitrogen trifluoride and nitrous oxide separated from the unreacted gas containing nitrogen to be removed.3. The preparation method of trifluoroamine oxide according to claim 1 , wherein the step of producing an intermediate product is characterized by the repeat of the reaction process composed of removing the unreacted gas containing nitrogen (N) generated during the reaction and additionally injecting nitrogen trifluoride and nitrous oxide instead.4. The preparation method of trifluoroamine oxide according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction in the step of producing an intermediate product is performed at a temperature range of 110° C.˜150° C.5. The preparation method of trifluoroamine oxide according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction in the step of producing an intermediate product is performed with stirring at a rotation speed of 50˜800 ...

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Номер записи: 72
06-02-2020 дата публикации

Pressure Vessel with High-Pressure Window

Номер: US20200041347A1
Автор: Jens Lautenschläger, Werner Lautenschläger, Werner Scholze
Принадлежит: Milestone SRL, Mwt AG

The present invention relates to a pressure vessel (1) having a pressure vessel wall (1a) which completely surrounds a reaction chamber (2) as a pressure space for the initiation and/or promotion of chemical and/or physical pressure reactions of a sample (P) to be heated which is accommodated in the reaction chamber (2), wherein the pressure vessel wall (1a) has an infrared-permeable high-pressure window (30) which extends away outward in a direction from the reaction chamber (2) and which is supported in the pressure vessel wall (1a) with respect to a pressure in the reaction chamber (2), wherein the pressure vessel (1) furthermore has an infrared to temperature sensor (40) which is situated directly opposite the high-pressure window (30), in order to measure the temperature of a sample (P), accommodated in the reaction chamber (2), during a pressure reaction through the high-pressure window (30).

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Номер записи: 73
15-02-2018 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING POWDERED LAUROYL PEROXIDE

Номер: US20180044289A1
Автор: HERMANN Dominik, Nagl Iris, WOLF Hanno
Принадлежит:

The present application relates to a method for producing powdered lauroyl peroxide which is characterised in that a reaction mixture is used which comprises water, lauric acid chloride, hydrogen peroxide, an inorganic base and an alkane. 1. Method for producing powdered lauroyl peroxide having a particle size according to the d90 value of from 50 μm to 400 μm , wherein a reaction mixture is used which comprises water , lauric acid chloride , hydrogen peroxide , an inorganic base and an alkane , and the method is carried out at a predetermined temperature in the range of from approximately 10° C. to approximately 30° C. , the lauroyl peroxide not being heated above the melting point thereof during the method.2. Method according to claim 1 , wherein production of lauroyl peroxide is carried out in the aqueous phase.3. (canceled)4. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the method is carried out at a predetermined temperature in the range of from approximately 15° C. to approximately 20° C.5. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the alkane is selected from the group consisting of straight-chain alkanes claim 1 , branched-chain alkanes claim 1 , cyclic alkanes claim 1 ,. and mixtures thereof.6. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the alkane is a C-alkane.7. Method according to claim 1 , wherein an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide claim 1 , potassium hydroxide claim 1 , or mixtures thereof claim 1 , is used as the inorganic base.8. Method according to claim 1 , wherein a molar excess of hydrogen peroxide above a theoretically required amount in the reaction mixture is from approximately 30% to approximately 80%.9. Method according to claim 1 , wherein a mass ratio of alkane to lauric acid chloride in the reaction mixture is in the range of from approximately 1:10 to approximately 1:1.10. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction mixture comprises further components selected from the group consisting of stabilisers for the hydrogen peroxide claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 74
19-02-2015 дата публикации

Method and Device for the Cooling of Foamed Polymeric Materials

Номер: US20150048535A1
Автор: Schlummer Christian
Принадлежит:

A method for cooling a foamed ribbon-shaped extrudate strand () is performed in a plant which comprises an extruder (), a die (), a vacuum cooling device () and a cooling drum. A polymer melt containing a blowing agent is produced in the extruder (). The extrudate containing the blowing agent is guided to the die (), whereby the die has an opening (), through which a ribbon-shaped extrudate strand () is produced which foams in or after the die () to a foamed ribbon-shaped extrudate strand (). The ribbon-shaped plastic foamed or foamable extrudate strand () is cooled first by a static vacuum cooling device (), so as to obtain a precooled foamed ribbon-shaped extrudate strand () and the precooled foamed ribbon-shaped extrudate strand () is guided over a cooling drum (). The precooled foamed ribbon-shaped extrudate strand () is in contact with the cooling drum over a wrap angle of at least 20°, such that the precooled foamed ribbon-shaped extrudate strand () is cooled. 1381281731131322526232340414223414223) A method for cooling a foamed ribbon-shaped extrudate strand () is performed in a plant which comprises an extruder () , a die () , a vacuum cooling device () and a cooling drum , whereby in the extruder () or a mixing device arranged downstream of the extruder , a polymer melt containing a blowing agent is produced and the polymer melt containing the blowing agent is guided to the die () , whereby the die has an opening () , through which a ribbon-shaped extrudate strand () is produced which foams in or after the die () to a foamed ribbon-shaped extrudate strand () characterized in that the ribbon-shaped plastic foamed or foamable extrudate strand () is cooled first by a static vacuum cooling device ( , , ) , so as to obtain a precooled foamed ribbon-shaped extrudate strand () and the precooled foamed ribbon-shaped extrudate strand () is guided over a cooling drum ( , , ) whereby the precooled foamed ribbon-shaped extrudate strand () is in contact with the cooling ...

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Номер записи: 75
19-02-2015 дата публикации

TOOL TEMPERATURE CONTROL

Номер: US20150048551A1
Автор: Halford Ben
Принадлежит: SURFACE GENERATION LIMITED

A mould tool () has a temperature management system having a first fluid based heater () heating a first side () of the tool, which exhausts to a fluid heater () on a second side of the tool () and is re-circulated back to the first side (). 1. A mould tool temperature management system comprising:a first fluid-based temperature control assembly configured to control the temperature of a first zone of a workpiece, the first fluid-based temperature control assembly having a fluid exhaust,a second fluid-based temperature control assembly arranged to control the temperature of a second zone of a workpiece,in which the second fluid-based temperature control assembly has an input in fluid communication with the exhaust of the first fluid-based temperature control assembly via a first fluid transfer conduit such that exhaust fluid from the first fluid-based temperature control assembly is reused in the second fluid-based temperature control assembly.2. A mould tool temperature management system according to in which the first zone and the second zone are on opposing sides of the workpiece.3. A mould tool temperature management system according to in which the first zone and the second zone are on the same side of the workpiece.4. A mould tool temperature management system according to comprising a plurality of first fluid-based temperature control assemblies exhausting into a common second fluid-based temperature control assembly.5. A mould tool temperature management system according to comprising claim 4 , a plenum chamber situated between the exhaust of the first fluid-based temperature control assembly and the inlet of the second fluid-based temperature control assembly claim 4 , which plenum is arranged to mix the fluid from the plurality of first fluid-based temperature control assemblies.6. A mould tool temperature management system according to comprising a plurality of first fluid-based temperature control assemblies each exhausting into a respective second fluid ...

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Номер записи: 76
07-02-2019 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PREPARING VANADIUM BATTERY HIGH-PURITY ELECTROLYTE

Номер: US20190044171A1
Автор: BAN Qixun, FAN Chuanlin, LIU Jibin, MU Wenheng, WANG Cunhu, Yang Haitao, ZHU Qingshan
Принадлежит:

A system and method for preparing a vanadium battery high-purity electrolyte, comprising preparing a low-valence vanadium oxide with a valence of 3.5 with liquid phase hydrolysis and fluidization reduction with vanadium oxytrichioride, adding clean water and sulfuric acid for dissolution, and further performing ultraviolet activation to obtain the vanadium electrolyte, for use in an all-vanadium redox flow battery stack. The high-temperature tail gas in the reduction fluidized bed is combusted for preheating the vanadium powder material, to recover the sensible heat and latent heat of the high-temperature tail gas, and the sensible heat of the reduction product is recovered through heat transfer between the reduction product and the fluidized nitrogen gas. An internal member is arranged in the reduction fluidized bed to realize the precise regulation of the valence state of the reduction product, and ultraviolet is used to activate the vanadium ions, improving the activity of the electrolyte. 14. A system for preparing a vanadium battery high-purity electrolyte , comprising a vanadium oxytrichloride storage tank , a liquid phase hydrolysis device , a vanadium pentoxide feeding device , a preheating system () , a reduction fluidized bed , a combustion chamber , a cooling system , a secondary cooling system , a low-valence vanadium oxide feeding device , a dissolution reactor and an activation device;wherein the liquid phase hydrolysis device comprises a liquid phase hydrolysis reaction tank and a washing filter;the vanadium pentoxide feeding device comprises a vanadium pentoxide hopper and a vanadium pentoxide screw feeder;the preheating system comprises a venturi preheater, a primary cyclone preheater, a secondary cyclone preheater and a bag-type dust collector;the reduction fluidized bed comprises a feeder, a bed body, a discharger, a gas heater, a gas purifier and a first cyclone separator;the cooling system comprises a venturi cooler, a cyclone cooler and a ...

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Номер записи: 77
07-02-2019 дата публикации

A SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING HIGH-PURITY AND HIGH-ACTIVITY VANADIUM ELECTROLYTE

Номер: US20190044172A1
Автор: BAN Qixun, FAN Chuanlin, LIU Jibin, MU Wenheng, WANG Cunhu, Yang Haitao, ZHU Qingshan
Принадлежит:

A system and method for producing a high-purity and high-activity vanadium electrolyte, comprising converting high-purity vanadium oxytrichloride into an ammonium salt in a fluidized bed by gas phase ammoniation, then in another fluidized bed, reducing the ammonium salt into a low-valence vanadium oxide having an average vanadium valence of 3.5, adding clean water and sulfuric acid for dissolution, and further performing activation by ultrasound to obtain a 3.5-valence vanadium electrolyte which can be directly used in a new all-vanadium redox flow battery stack. The method of producing an ammonium salt containing vanadium in the fluidized bed by gas phase ammoniation is of short process and high efficiency. Precise regulation of the valence state of the reduction product is implemented by arranging an internal member in the reduction fluidized bed, and ultrasonication is used to activate the vanadium ion, thereby greatly improving the activity of the electrolyte. 1. A system for producing a high-purity and high-activity vanadium electrolyte , comprising a vanadium oxytrichloride storage tank , a gas phase ammoniation fluidized bed , a reduction fluidized bed , a pre-cooling device , a secondary cooling device , a low-valence vanadium oxide feeding device , a dissolution reactor , and an activation device;wherein the gas phase ammoniation fluidized bed comprises a vanadium oxytrichloride vaporizer, a purified ammonia liquor vaporizer, a chloride spray gun, a gas phase ammoniation fluidized bed body, a first cyclone separator, and an ammonium chloride settling tower;the reduction fluidized bed comprises a material valve, a bed body, a discharger, a gas heater, a gas purifier, and a second cyclone separator;the pre-cooling device comprises a cyclone cooler and a third cyclone separator;the low-valence vanadium oxide feeding device comprises a low-valence vanadium oxide hopper and a low-valence vanadium oxide screw feeder;wherein a feed outlet at the bottom of the ...

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Номер записи: 78
18-02-2021 дата публикации

HYDROGEN GENERATOR AND A METHOD FOR GENERATING HYDROGEN

Номер: US20210050608A1
Автор: Li Aidan, Wankewycz Taras, Zhang Xiaohu
Принадлежит:

A hydrogen generator can include, in some aspects, a reaction chamber configured to contain a reagent; a supply water tank; water conduit tubing provided inside the reaction chamber, the water conduit tubing including a water conduit tubing inlet being fluidically connected to the supply water tank and a water conduit tubing outlet; a water dispenser provided inside the reaction chamber, the water dispenser including a water dispenser inlet being fluidically connected to the water conduit tubing outlet and a surface with a plurality of water outlet channels; a water pump; an electric power supply; a controller adapted to activate the water pump for transferring water through the hydrogen generator for interacting with the reagent in the reaction chamber to generate hydrogen gas, and a hydrogen collector provided inside the reaction chamber, the hydrogen collector including a surface with a plurality of gas inlet channels for receiving the hydrogen gas. 1. A hydrogen generator comprising:a reaction chamber configured to contain a reagent,a supply water tank,a water conduit tubing provided inside the reaction chamber, the water conduit tubing comprising a water conduit tubing inlet being fluidically connected to the supply water tank and a water conduit tubing outlet,a water dispenser provided inside the reaction chamber, the water dispenser comprising a water dispenser inlet being fluidically connected to the water conduit tubing outlet and a surface with a plurality of water outlet channels,a water pump,an electric power supply,a controller adapted to activate the water pump for transferring water from the supply water tank, to the water conduit tubing, to the water dispenser, and to the reaction chamber for interacting with the reagent in the reaction chamber to generate hydrogen gas, anda hydrogen collector provided inside the reaction chamber, the hydrogen collector comprising a surface with a plurality of gas inlet channels for receiving the hydrogen gas.2. The ...

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Номер записи: 79
03-03-2022 дата публикации

FLUID PROCESSING APPARATUS

Номер: US20220062852A1
Автор: Enomura Masakazu
Принадлежит: M. TECHNIQUE CO., LTD.

A fluid treatment device with a new configuration is provided. The fluid treatment device is provided with an upstream treatment unit defined by treatment surfaces that rotate relative to each other, and a downstream treatment unit arranged downstream of the upstream treatment unit. The upstream treatment unit is configured such that, by passing the fluid to be treated into an upstream treatment space defined by the treatment surfaces, the fluid to be treated is subjected to upstream treatment. The downstream treatment unit is provided with a downstream treatment space which performs the function of retaining and mixing the fluid to be treated by means of a labyrinth seal. An upstream outlet of the fluid to be treated from the upstream treatment unit opens into the downstream treatment space, and the downstream treatment space is configured to use the labyrinth seal to perform the function of controlling retention time. The downstream treatment space is provided with narrow seal spaces, and retention spaces arranged upstream of the seal spaces and wider than the seal spaces, and the upstream outlet opens to a retention space.

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Номер записи: 80
08-05-2014 дата публикации

Methods and apparatuses for detection of properties of fluid conveyance systems

Номер: US20140125052A1
Автор: Roy Edward McAlister
Принадлежит: McAlister Technologies LLC

A system and method for monitoring and/or detecting the flow of one or more fluids in a fluid system including leak detection system integral to the fluid system (e.g., at any point along a conduit, at a connection between conduits such as at a fitting assembly, etc.) configured to detect incipient, early stage levels of the leak. Based on one or more factors related to the fluid and/or the leak, the methods, devices, and systems disclosed herein can provide an indication of a suitable action or process in response to the fluid or the leak including performing preventative maintenance or providing an indication of the need of maintenance in response to the leak.

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Номер записи: 81
03-03-2022 дата публикации

SELECTIVE HYDROXYL GROUP REMOVAL FROM ALKYLPHENOLS

Номер: US20220064079A1
Автор: GONZÁLES ESCOBEDO José Luis, KARINEN Reetta, LAMMINPÄÄ Kaisa, LINDBLAD Marina, MÄKELÄ Eveliina, PUURUNEN Riikka
Принадлежит: Neste Oyj

A process for selective removal of hydroxyl groups from phenolic compounds is disclosed. The process uses a combination of catalytic hydrodeoxygenation and catalytic direct deoxygenation to convert alkylphenols into alkylbenzenes. 1. A process for removing hydroxyl groups from phenolic compounds , the process comprising:providing in a first reactor at least one hydrodeoxygenation catalyst containing sulphided NiMo, CoMo or NiW;providing a feedstock containing phenolic compounds;carrying out hydrodeoxygenation by contacting the feedstock with the hydrodeoxygenation catalyst to obtain a phenolic hydrocarbon feedstock;providing in a second reactor at least one direct deoxygenation catalyst containing Pt/Nb2O5;forming a mixture by feeding into the second reactor the phenolic hydrocarbon feedstock and hydrogen gas; andcarrying out direct deoxygenation to the phenolic hydrocarbon feedstock to obtain hydrocarbons, wherein at least 50 mol-% of the hydroxyl groups originally bonded to phenolic compounds are removed while the aromaticity of the hydrocarbon is preserved.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the hydrodeoxygenation is carried out at a temperature in a range 270-380° C. claim 1 , at a hydrogen pressure in a range 30-100 bar and WHSV of 2-0.5 1/h.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the direct deoxygenation is carried out at a temperature in a range of 340-450° C. claim 1 , at a hydrogen pressure in a range 15-50 bar.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the phenolic hydrocarbon feedstock contains alkylphenols.5. The process of claim 4 , wherein alkylphenols are converted to alkylbenzenes during direct deoxygenation.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the phenolic hydrocarbon feedstock is contacted with the catalyst in liquid phase.7. The process of claim 1 , comprising:obtaining the feedstock from lignocellulosic biomass.8. The process of claim 1 , wherein no water or hydrogen sulfide is added in the first and second reactors during the performance of the process.9. A ...

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Номер записи: 82
03-03-2022 дата публикации

HIGH PRESSURE STRIPPERS FOR USE IN UREA PLANTS

Номер: US20220064109A1
Автор: PORRO Lino Giovanni
Принадлежит:

Shell-and-tube strippers for stripping a urea/carbamate mixture, related systems, methods, and uses. The stripper includes a shell, a plurality of tubes disposed within the shell, and a heating fluid distributor for homogenizing the flow of a heating fluid near a heating fluid inlet. The heating fluid distributor includes an edge wall and a laterally disposed heating fluid distribution plate. Related systems, methods, and uses are also provided.

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Номер записи: 83
25-02-2016 дата публикации

Energy-Producing Reaction Devices, Systems and Related Methods

Номер: US20160051957A1
Автор: Dameron Thomas Barker, ROSSI Andrea
Принадлежит:

A reactor device includes a reaction chamber; one or more thermal units in thermal communication with the reaction chamber configured to transfer thermal energy to the reaction chamber; and a refractory layer between the reaction chamber and the one or more thermal units. 1. A reactor device comprising:a reaction chamber;one or more thermal units in thermal communication with the reaction chamber configured to transfer thermal energy to the reaction chamber; anda refractory layer between the reaction chamber and the one or more thermal units.2. The reactor device of claim 1 , wherein the refractory layer comprises at least one recess configured to receive the one or more thermal units therein.3. The reactor device of claim 2 , wherein the one or more thermal units comprise one or more resistive wires.4. The reactor device of claim 3 , wherein the at least one recess comprises a spiral groove and the one or more resistive wires are helically-disposed in the groove.5. The reactor device of claim 4 , wherein the one or more resistive wires comprises at least three wires for carrying an alternating-current or a direct-current electric power.6. The reactor device of claim 5 , wherein the refractory layer comprises a ribbed or finned surface that increases heat dissipation away from the reaction chamber.7. The reactor device of claim 1 , further comprising sealing members that seal the reaction chamber.8. The reactor device of claim 1 , wherein the reaction chamber is open such that it does not maintain a pressurized seal.9. The reactor device of claim 1 , wherein the reaction chamber comprises a longitudinally extending cylinder.10. A reactor system comprising: a reaction chamber;', 'one or more thermal units in thermal communication with the reaction chamber configured to transfer thermal energy to the reaction chamber;', 'a refractory layer between the reaction chamber and the one or more thermal units., 'a reactor device comprisinga controller configured to control a ...

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Номер записи: 84
25-02-2021 дата публикации

MICRO REFORMER

Номер: US20210053021A1
Автор: Barnett Daniel Joseph
Принадлежит:

A reformer suitable for micro-scale design has horizontal catalyst tube(s) passing through a baffled radiant section for convective and radiant heat transfer to the tube(s). To reduce the footprint and/or to facilitate field assembly a combustion chamber and convection section can be oriented transversely with respect to the radiant section; the tube(s) can be horizontal and/or include structured catalyst; and/or the combustion chamber provides flameless combustion or produces a flame without impinging on the tubes. Also, a skid frame-mountable version of the reformer; and a process for transporting, assembling, and/or operating the steam methane reformer. 1. The reformer of further comprising:one or a plurality of the horizontal tubes passing longitudinally through the radiant section;wherein the radiant section comprises a refractory lining for radiant heat transfer to the horizontal tube(s);wherein the combustion chamber is transversely oriented with respect to the radiant section;wherein the burner provides flameless combustion or provides a flame spaced sufficiently to avoid flame impingement on the tube(s);wherein the catalyst comprises a structured catalyst; anda transversely oriented convection section to pass the flue gas from the radiant section in heat exchange relation with a combustion air preheater to provide preheated air to the burner, and with a feed gas preheater to supply preheated feed gas to the tubes.2. A reformer comprising:a combustion chamber in communication with a longitudinal radiant section to supply flue gas from a burner to the radiant section;a horizontal tube passing longitudinally through the radiant section;catalyst disposed in the horizontal tube to reform a feed gas comprising hydrocarbon and steam;a refractory lining in the radiant section for radiant heat transfer to the horizontal tube; andat least one baffle in the radiant section to direct a flow path of the flue gas transversely across the horizontal tube(s) for convective ...

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Номер записи: 85
13-02-2020 дата публикации

HYDROGEN REFORMER USING EXHAUST GAS

Номер: US20200047145A1
Автор: Kim Myoung Soo
Принадлежит:

Provided is a hydrogen reformer using exhaust gas, comprising: a catalytic reaction unit which generates a reforming gas containing hydrogen when exhaust gas generated in an engine and fuel are supplied thereto; and a heat exchange chamber which is mounted on an outer surface of the catalytic reaction unit and exchanges heat between the exhaust gas and the catalytic reaction unit to supply heat that is required for an endothermic reaction of the catalytic reaction unit, wherein heat of the exhaust gas is used for the endothermic reaction of a catalyst, such that a separate heat source for the endothermic reaction is unnecessary. 1. A hydrogen reformer using exhaust gas , the hydrogen reformer comprising:a catalytic reaction unit for producing a reformed gas containing hydrogen when exhaust gas generated from an engine and fuel are supplied to the catalytic reaction unit; anda heat exchange chamber mounted on an outer surface of the catalytic reaction unit to provide heat necessary for an endothermic reaction of the catalytic reaction unit by using heat of the exhaust gas.2. The hydrogen reformer using exhaust gas of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst reaction unit comprises:a housing having an inlet and an outlet in which the exhaust gas and the fuel are supplied into the housing through the inlet and a reformed gas containing hydrogen produced after the catalytic reaction is discharged through the outlet out of the housing; anda metal catalyst carrier mounted in the housing to react with the exhaust gas and the fuel thereby producing the reformed gas.3. The hydrogen reformer using exhaust gas of claim 2 , wherein the inlet is connected claim 2 , via a first line claim 2 , to an exhaust pipe through which the exhaust gas generated in the engine are exhausted and is connected claim 2 , via a second line claim 2 , to a fuel supply line for supplying the fuel to the engine claim 2 , andthe outlet is connected, via a third line, to the fuel supply line for supplying the ...

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Номер записи: 86
23-02-2017 дата публикации

CONTAINER WITH HEATING DEVICE AND SAFETY DEVICE

Номер: US20170050160A1
Автор: Wei Wu-Yao, Yang Jefferson YS
Принадлежит:

A container is disclosed. The container includes a canister body, at least one heating device and at least one safety device. The canister body includes an inner space for storing a gas storage material. The at least one heating device is accommodated within an inner space of the canister body for heating the gas storage material, so that the gas storage material releases a gas. The at least one safety device is connected with the corresponding heating device and installed on an end part of the canister body. When a temperature of the inner space is higher than a predetermined temperature value or a pressure of the inner space is higher than a predetermined pressure value, a portion of the gas is released through the safety device. 1. A container , comprising:a canister body comprising an inner space for storing a gas storage material;at least one heating device accommodated within an inner space of the canister body for heating the gas storage material, so that the gas storage material releases a gas; andat least one safety device connected with the corresponding heating device and installed on an end part of the canister body,wherein when a temperature of the inner space is higher than a predetermined temperature value or a pressure of the inner space is higher than a predetermined pressure value, a portion of the gas is released through the safety device.2. The container according to claim 1 , wherein the heating device is an electric heating bar or a heater.3. The container according to claim 2 , wherein a heating body of the heating device is covered by a thermally conductive metal layer.4. The container according to claim 1 , wherein the heating device is a positive temperature coefficient thermistor.5. The container according to claim 4 , wherein the heating device comprises an adapter claim 4 , and the heating device is assembled with the safety device through the adapter.6. The container according to claim 1 , wherein the heating device comprises:a sleeve;a ...

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Номер записи: 87
22-02-2018 дата публикации

Non-Contact Reactor And Nanocrystal Fabrication System Having The Same

Номер: US20180050316A1
Автор: CHEN Hsueh-Shih, HO SHIH-JUNG, YEH Chang-Wei
Принадлежит:

The present invention mainly provides a non-contact reactor consisting of: a reaction vessel having a particularly-designed size, a plurality of injection modules, an agitator, a heat exchange module, and an electrical gate valve module. When this non-contact reactor is operated to produce, operators are able to inject at least one precursor solution into the reaction nanometer-scale semiconductor crystallites vessel and make the injected precursor solution reach a specific position in the reaction vessel by using the electrical gate valve to control the injection pressure of the injection modules. Moreover, the operators can further properly control the rotation speed of the agitator through a controller, so as to evenly and quickly mix the injected precursor solution and a specific solution pre-filled into the reaction vessel to a mixture solution; therefore, the acceleration of production rate and the enhance of production yield of the semiconductor nanocrystals are carried out. 1. A non-contact reactor , comprising:a reaction vessel, being provided with a reaction space therein;a plurality of inject modules, being disposed over the reaction vessel, wherein each of the inject modules have an injection nozzle located over the liquid level of a solution pre-filled into the reaction space;an agitator, being electrically connected to an external driving and controlling device, and having at least one stirring paddles located in the reaction space;a heat exchanging module, being connected to the outer wall of the reaction vessel, and comprising a heat exchanging channel, a fluid inlet communicating with the heat exchanging channel and a fluid outlet communicating with the heat exchanging channel; wherein a fluid with a specific temperature can be inputted into the heat exchanging channel via the fluid outlet, and then the fluid would be outputted via the fluid outlet after a heat exchanging process is carried out between the fluid and the reaction vessel in the heat ...

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Номер записи: 88
13-02-2020 дата публикации

BURNERS FOR CONVERSION OF METHANE TO OLEFINS, AROMATICS, AND NANOPARTICLES

Номер: US20200049346A1
Автор: DIBBLE Robert, Roberts William, SARATHY Mani
Принадлежит:

Embodiments of the present disclosure describe burner () configurations used in an industrial process to convert methane to olefins, aromatics, and nanoparticles/nanomaterials. Both a vitiated coflow burner and piloted turbulent burner with inhomogeneous inlets are disclosed. 1. A method of controlling secondary reactions of a burner of combustion products using injected methane , the method comprising:establishing a jet flame in coaxial flow of hot combustion products from a premixed vitiated coflow of gas passing through a porous plate or catalytic monolith, said jet flame established by gas exiting from a central tube;providing a tube positioner to translate the tip of the central tube to an offset height relative to the porous plate or catalytic monolith; andcontrolling the tube positioner to vary the offset height of the central tube tip in a dynamic manner based on chemical inputs, with said controlling resulting in different secondary reactions of combustion products from the burner.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the central tube is a blunt-tipped tube and the gas exiting the central tube is methane.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the coflow gas is a combination of methane and oxygen.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein offset height of the central tube tip is controlled to provide both a methane/oxygen combustion process and subsequent pyrolysis of methane to form olefins claim 1 , aromatics or nanoparticles.5. A method of controlling secondary reactions of a burner of combustion products using injected methane claim 1 , the method comprising:establishing a jet flame in coaxial flow of hot combustion products from gas passing through a porous plate or catalytic monolith, with said jet flame established by a piloted turbulent burner with inhomogeneous inlets and defining three concentric tubes;providing a tube positioner to translate an innermost one of the three concentric tubs to different positions relative to an intermediate tube; andcontrolling the ...

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Номер записи: 89
26-02-2015 дата публикации

FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR

Номер: US20150056104A1
Автор: Baldauf Manfred, Hanebuth Marc, TREMEL Alexander
Принадлежит:

At least one heat pipe for removing heat is led into a reactor housing of a fluidized bed reactor, so that the temperature in the reactor housing can be controlled. 19-. (canceled)10. A fluidized bed reactor , comprising:a reactor housing; andat least one heat pipe, passing through said reactor housing, discharging heat out of said reactor housing to regulate the temperature in the reactor housing.11. The fluidized bed reactor as claimed in claim 10 , further comprising actuating means for varying depth of penetration of the at least one heat pipe into the reactor housing in regulating temperature.12. The fluidized bed reactor as claimed in claim 11 ,wherein said at least one heat pipe includes a plurality of heat pipes, andwherein said actuating means adjusts each heat pipe separately.13. The fluidized bed reactor as claimed in claim 12 ,further comprising a boiler, andwherein each of said pipes has a boiler end accommodated in said boiler and moves in and out of said boiler during variation in the depth of penetration.14. The fluidized bed reactor as claimed in claim 13 , wherein said actuating means includes at least one of electromotive claim 13 , hydraulic and pneumatic actuating means.15. The fluidized bed reactor as claimed in claim 14 , further comprising means for varying at least one of temperature of a heat exchanger medium in said boiler and pressure in said boiler to regulate the temperature in said reactor housing.16. The fluidized bed reactor as claimed in claim 15 , wherein said boiler has at least one of inflow and an outflow of the heat exchanger medium claim 15 , and heating and/or cooling means for thermal control of the heat exchanger medium.17. The fluidized bed reactor as claimed in claim 16 , further comprising a pressure regulating valve varying the pressure in said boiler.18. A method for regulating temperature in a fluidized bed reactor having at least one heat pipe with a reactor end in a reactor housing and a boiler end in a boiler ...

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Номер записи: 90
26-02-2015 дата публикации

Automatic system for synthesizing 123i-mibg and automatic device for synthesizing and dispensing 123i-mibg comprising the same

Номер: US20150056105A1
Автор: Te-Sheng Liang, Tsai-Yueh Luo, Wuu-Jyh Lin, Ying-Hsia Shih
Принадлежит: Institute of Nuclear Energy Research

The present invention relates to an automatic system for synthesizing iodine-123 meta-iodobenzylguanidine ( 123 I-MIBG), which comprises a first reactor for subjecting radioactive iodine-containing sodium iodide and meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) sulfate to an iodine-iodine exchange reaction to obtain radioactive iodine labeled MIBG; a purification unit for purifying the iodine labeled MIBG; and a second reactor for substituting a solvent used in purification with a phosphate buffer to obtain a phosphate solution containing 123 I-MIBG. The present invention also relates to an automatic device for dispensing 123 I-MIBG, which comprises the automatic system for synthesizing 123 I-MIBG, a radioactivity measuring unit, and a dispensing and packing unit.

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Номер записи: 91
10-03-2022 дата публикации

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR TEMPERATURE MONITORING OF A BIOCHEMICAL REACTION VESSEL

Номер: US20220072556A1
Автор: So Austin, Son Jun Ho
Принадлежит:

Embodiments include a reaction vessel having a first reaction chamber filled with a first material; a first light absorbing region adhered to an interior-facing surface of the first reaction chamber; a second reaction chamber filled with a second material; a second light absorbing region adhered to an interior-facing surface of the second reaction chamber; a temperature sensor disposed within the second reaction chamber; and one or more energy sources configured to direct light at the first light absorbing region and the second light absorbing region. A processor may be employed to determine a first temperature of the first material from a second temperature of the second material measured by the temperature sensor. Methods of manufacturing such a reaction vessel are also disclosed. 1. A reaction vessel comprising:a first chamber filled with a first material;a first light absorbing region adhered to a first interior-facing surface of the first chamber;a second chamber filled with a second material different from the first material;a second light absorbing region adhered to a first interior-facing surface of the second chamber;a temperature sensor disposed within the second chamber for measuring a second temperature; anda connector for coupling the temperature sensor to a processor, wherein the temperature sensor is configured to send a signal corresponding to the second temperature to the processor for determining a correlated first temperature corresponding to the first chamber;wherein the first light absorbing region and the second light absorbing region are configured to absorb energy from one or more light sources.2. The reaction vessel of claim 1 , further comprising one or more energy attenuating features configured to reduce an amount of energy transmitted to the second light absorbing region.3. The reaction vessel of claim 2 , wherein the one or more energy attenuating features comprise a light diffusing layer claim 2 , a light reflecting layer claim 2 , a ...

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Номер записи: 92
03-03-2016 дата публикации

MULTIPLE HEAT-TRANSFER MEDIA

Номер: US20160059200A1
Автор: KELMAN, MICKA Thomas A., POINSATTE John P., Sr. Charles R.
Принадлежит: INVISTA NORTH AMERICA S.A R.L.

The present invention relates to methods, systems, and apparatus for making polyamides having at least two heat-transfer media. The method includes heating a first flowable heat-transfer medium, to provide a heated first flowable heat-transfer medium. The method includes transferring heat from the heated first flowable heat-transfer medium to a second flowable heat-transfer medium, to provide a heated second flowable heat-transfer medium. The method also includes transferring heat from the heated second flowable heat-transfer medium to at least one polyamide-containing component of a polyamide synthesis system. 1. A method of making a polyamide , the method comprising:heating a first flowable heat-transfer medium, to provide a heated first flowable heat-transfer medium;transferring heat from the heated first flowable heat-transfer medium to a second flowable heat-transfer medium, to provide a heated second flowable heat-transfer medium; andtransferring heat from the heated second flowable heat-transfer medium to at least one polyamide-containing component of a polyamide synthesis system.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one component of the polyamide synthesis system comprises at least one of a preheater claim 1 , an evaporator claim 1 , a polymerization reactor claim 1 , a flasher claim 1 , a finisher claim 1 , and an autoclave.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first flowable heat-transfer medium comprises at least one of water claim 1 , a polyethylene glycol claim 1 , a polypropylene glycol claim 1 , a mineral oil claim 1 , a silicone oil claim 1 , diphenyl oxide claim 1 , biphenyl claim 1 , trimethylpentane claim 1 , a C10-13 alkane claim 1 , a C10-13 iso-alkane claim 1 , a C14-30 alkylaryl compound claim 1 , a diethylbenzene claim 1 , an ethylenated benzene claim 1 , a cyclohexylbenzene claim 1 , a C14-30 alkyl benzene claim 1 , white petroleum mineral oil claim 1 , ethyl diphenyl ethane claim 1 , diphenyl ethane claim 1 , diethyl diphenyl ...

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Номер записи: 93
21-02-2019 дата публикации

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR RAPIDLY PREPARING LITHIUM CARBONATE OR CONCENTRATED BRINE USING HIGH-TEMPERATURE STEAM

Номер: US20190055134A1
Автор: PENG Fuming, YU Hao, Zeng Xiong, ZHU Binyuan
Принадлежит:

A method and system for rapidly preparing lithium carbonate or concentrated brine using high-temperature steam. The method comprises the steps of: feeding brine into a reactor, heating the brine with high-temperature steam above 200° C. while simultaneously discharging steam produced in the reactor, cooling and condensing the discharged steam in a condenser and collecting the condensate, and stopping the high-temperature steam after the brine is concentrated to a predetermined concentration or after a sufficient amount of lithium carbonate is collected. The system comprises: a reactor provided with a brine inlet, a steam outlet connected to a condenser, a product outlet, and a plurality of steam pipes. The method concerns the direct heating of brine using high-temperature steam, which is effective and efficient, and also produces fresh water. The heating is uniform and rapid, and does not require jackets, heat exchange tubes, mixers and vacuum pumps, vastly simplifying the system. 1. A method for rapidly preparing lithium carbonate or concentrated brine using high-temperature steam comprising the following steps of:1) feeding brine into a reactor;2) introducing high-temperature steam with a temperature above 200° C. into the brine and heating the brine, while concurrently discharging steam produced in the reactor;3) cooling the discharged steam using a condenser, and collecting the condensate;4) stopping the introduction of the high-temperature steam after the brine is concentrated to a predetermined concentration or after a sufficient amount of lithium carbonate is separated out.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the high-temperature steam is introduced into the brine after the brine is preheated to a temperature of not less than 50° C.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the high-temperature steam is superheated steam.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature of the high-temperature steam is not less than 250° C.5. The method ...

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Номер записи: 94
04-03-2021 дата публикации

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE RAPID DISCOVERY AND DESIGN OF POLYMERIZATIONS

Номер: US20210060514A1
Автор: Hartman Ryan Lee, RIZKIN Benjamin A.
Принадлежит: New York University

A reactor system includes at least one reactant provided to perform a reaction. The system includes one or more sensors configured to detect sensor data regarding the reaction. The system includes processing circuitry configured to receive the sensor data from the one or more sensors, apply one or more machine learning models to the sensor data to generate a measurement regarding at least one of the reaction or an activity of at least one catalyst used to perform the reaction, and control at least one of a temperature of the reactor, a flow rate of the at least one reactant, or a concentration of the at least one reactant responsive to the measurement. 1. A system , comprising: 'at least one reactant provided to perform a reaction;', 'a reactor, comprisingone or more sensors configured to detect sensor data regarding the reaction; and receive the sensor data from the one or more sensors;', 'apply one or more machine learning models to the sensor data to generate a measurement regarding at least one of the reaction or an activity of at least one catalyst used to perform the reaction; and', 'control at least one of a temperature of the reactor, a flow rate of the at least one reactant, or a concentration of the at least one reactant responsive to the measurement., 'processing circuitry configured to2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the processing circuitry is configured to control the at least one of the temperature of the reactor claim 1 , the flow rate of the at least one reactant claim 1 , or the concentration of the at least one reactant to increase the measurement to be greater than a threshold measurement.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sensor data comprises at least one of molecular weight claim 1 , polydispersity claim 1 , cross-linking claim 1 , temperature of the reaction claim 1 , or flow rate of the reaction.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sensor data comprises at least one of dynamic light scattering data detected by a dynamic light ...

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Номер записи: 95
01-03-2018 дата публикации

METHOD OF AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING SOLID CARBON MATERIALS

Номер: US20180057752A1
Автор: HU Xun, Li Chun-Zhu
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure provides a method of producing a solid carbon material. The method comprises providing a carbon-containing material formed through the heat treatment of carbonaceous feedstock. The carbon-containing material is capable of undergoing polymerisation. The method further comprises mixing the carbon-containing material with a polymerisation agent to form a material mixture. In addition, the method comprises heating the material mixture to a temperature at which polymerisation of the material mixture occurs so as to produce the solid carbon material. The method also comprises adding a further material into the material mixture before polymerisation. 141-. (canceled)42. A method of producing a solid carbon material , the method comprising:mixing a polymerisation agent with a liquid or paste of a carbon-containing material that has been produced from the heat treatment of a carbonaceous feedstock and that is capable of undergoing polymerisation to form a material mixture; andheating the material mixture to a temperature at which polymerisation of the material mixture occurs so as to produce the solid carbon material.43. The method of claim 42 , wherein the carbon-containing material is formed through pyrolysis or hydrothermal treatment or liquefaction or other thermal treatment of the carbonaceous feedstock.44. The method of claim 43 , wherein the carbonaceous feedstock comprises biomass.45. The method of claim 42 , further comprising the step of mixing the carbon-containing material with a further material that has pores claim 42 , wherein at least some polymerisation of the material mixture takes place within the pores of the further material .46. The method of claim 45 , wherein the further material comprises an organic or inorganic additive to produce a solid carbon material composite.47. The method of claim 43 , further comprising the step of heating the produced solid carbon material to a temperature at which the solid carbon material is ...

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Номер записи: 96
02-03-2017 дата публикации

Process for the preparation of Efavirenz and devices suitable therefore

Номер: US20170057937A1
Автор: Correia Camille A., Gilmore Kerry, McQuade David Tyler, Seeberger Peter H.
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of Efavirenz via an efficient transition metal catalyzed cyclization, to a device suitable to perform such process as well as to novel intermediates. 1. A process for the preparation of 6-chloro-4-(2-cyclopropylethynyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-3 ,1-benzoxazin-2-one comprising reacting 4-cyclopropyl-2-(2 ,5-dichloro-phenyl)-1 ,1 ,1-trifluoro-but-3-yn-2-ol with at least one cyanate in the presence of at least one transition metal compound.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one cyanate is selected from the group consisting of alkali cyanates and alkaline earth cyanates.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one cyanate comprises sodium cyanate.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one transition metal compound is selected from the group consisting of copper claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , palladium claim 1 , rhodium and platinum compounds.5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one transition metal compound is selected from those of formulae (Ia) and (Ib){'br': None, 'sup': '1', 'sub': '2', 'M(Y)\u2003\u2003(Ia),'}{'br': None, 'sup': '2', 'M(Y)\u2003\u2003(Ib),'}whereinM is nickel, palladium or copper(II){'sup': '1', 'Yis chloride, bromide, acetate, nitrate, methanesulphonate, trifluoromethanesulphonate, trifluoroacetate or acetylacetonate, and'}{'sup': '2', 'Yis sulphate;'} [{'br': None, 'sup': '3', 'MY\u2003\u2003(IIa)'}, {'br': None, 'sub': '4', 'sup': '3', '[M(B)](Y)\u2003\u2003(IIb)'}], 'or those of formulae (IIa) and (IIb)'}whereinM is copper (I){'sup': '3', 'Yis chloride, bromide, iodide, acetate, methanesulphonate, trifluoromethanesulphonate, tetrafluoroborate, trifluoroacetate hexafluorophosphate, perchlorate, hexafluoroantimonate, tetra(3,5-bistrifluoromethylphenyl)borate or tetraphenylborate, and'}B is a nitrile such as acetonitrile, benzonitrile, benzyl nitrile; {'br': None, 'sub': '2', '[M(D)]\u2003\u2003(III)'}, 'or those of ...

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Номер записи: 97
04-03-2021 дата публикации

Process for Preparing Fluorobenzene Derivatives and Benzoic Acid Hypofluorite Derivatives

Номер: US20210061737A1
Автор: DU Hongjun, Wu Wenting, Zhou Changyue
Принадлежит: Fujian Yongjing Technology Co., Ltd

The invention relates to a use of a fluorination gas, and the elemental fluorine (F) is preferably present in a high concentration, for example, in a concentration of elemental fluorine (F), especially of equal to much higher than 15% or even 20% by volume, and to a process for the manufacture of a fluorinated benzene derivative starting from benzoic acid derivative by direct fluorination employing a fluorination gas, wherein the elemental fluorine (F) is preferably present in a high concentration, and subsequent decarboxylation of the benzoic acid hypofluorite derivative obtained by direct fluorination. The process of the invention is also directed to the manufacture of a benzoic acid hypofluorite derivative by direct fluorination of benzoic acid derivative. Especially the invention is of interest in the preparation of fluorinated benzene derivative, final products and as well intermediates, for usage in agro-, pharma-, electronics-, catalyst, solvent and other functional chemical applications. 1. A process for the manufacture of a fluorinated benzene derivative , preferably monofluorobenzene derivative , wherein the process comprises the steps of:a) provision of a liquid medium comprising benzoic acid derivative as starting compound;{'sub': '2', 'b) provision of a fluorination gas comprising or consisting of elemental fluorine (F), preferably wherein the fluorine is present in the fluorination gas in a high concentration of at least substantially more than, in particular very much more than 15% by volume (vol.-%), preferably equal to or more than 20% by volume (vol.-%);'}{'sub': '2', 'c) provision of a first reactor or reactor system, resistant to elemental fluorine (F) and hydrogen fluoride (HF);'}{'sub': '2', 'd) in a step of direct fluorination, passing the fluorination gas of b), in a reactor or reactor system of c), through the liquid medium of a) comprising the benzoic acid derivative as starting compound, and thereby reacting the benzoic acid derivative ...

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Номер записи: 98
05-03-2015 дата публикации

External steam reduction method in a fluidized catalytic cracker

Номер: US20150065759A1
Автор: Barry A. Freel, Robert G. Graham
Принадлежит: Ensyn Renewables Inc

The present disclosure generally relates to methods to reduce the external steam supplied to a fluidized catalytic cracker by injecting a stream comprising a water-containing renewable fuel oil into a riser of a fluidized catalytic cracker.

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Номер записи: 99
05-03-2015 дата публикации

Fluidized catalytic cracker riser quench system

Номер: US20150065760A1
Автор: Barry A. Freel, Robert G. Graham
Принадлежит: Ensyn Renewables Inc

The present application generally relates to a riser quench system comprising a quench line and one or more quench injecting ports for injecting a renewable fuel oil into the riser of a fluidized catalytic cracker co-processing a renewable fuel oil and a petroleum fraction as reactants.

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Номер записи: 100