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Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Применить Всего найдено 38225. Отображено 100.
05-01-2012 дата публикации

Uniform electrical field dielectric barrier discharge reactor

Номер: US20120000782A1
Автор: Kun-Liang Hong
Принадлежит: Kun-Liang Hong

A uniform electrical field dielectric barrier discharge reactor consists of an electrode unit, a dielectric catalyst container and an insulative housing. Each electrode plate of the electrode unit includes an insulative plane frame structure, and discharge needles evenly distributed on the insulative plane frame structure. The dielectric catalyst container is a hollow solid member internally coated with a metallic catalyst coating layer. The flow directing plate is made of a conducting substrate, having two opposite sides thereof covered by a metallic catalyst coating layer. The invention is practical for use in an air purifier, fluid sterilizer or waste water treatment equipment.

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Номер записи: 1
31-10-2018 дата публикации

Устройство для магнитно-резонансной модификации углеводородного топлива

Номер: RU0000184581U1
Автор: Борис Владимирович Скворцов, Дилара Раисовна Таипова, Дмитрий Борисович Скворцов, Сергей Анатольевич Борминский
Принадлежит: федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Самарский национальный исследовательский университет имени академика С.П. Королева"

Полезная модель относится к устройствам автоматического управления технологическими процессами производства нефтепродуктов и может быть использована для производства нефтепродуктов улучшенного качества, связанного с модификацией углеводородов, полученных в результате классических методов нефтепереработки.Решение поставленной задачи достигается тем, что в устройстве для магнитно-резонансной модификации углеводородов, содержащем емкость с углеводородным сырьем, расположенную внутри индуктора, подключенного к генератору переменного тока и помещенного в зазор постоянного магнита, магнитный поток которого ортогонален магнитному потоку индуктора, систему подвода и отвода нефтепродукта, в индуктор введен дополнительный соленоид, вход которого через первый ключ подключен к выходу генератора импульсов и через второй ключ к входу импульсного устройства регистрации ядерного магнитного резонанса, выход которого подключен к частотозадающему входу генератора переменного тока, а управляющие входы ключей и генератора импульсов подсоединены к выходу блока управления.Технический результат - быстрый поиск частот ядерного магнитного резонанса, возможность непрерывной автоматической подстройки частоты генератора на частоты ядерного магнитного резонанса компонентов поступающего сырья. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 184 581 U1 (51) МПК C10G 15/08 (2006.01) C10G 32/02 (2006.01) B01J 19/12 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК C10G 15/08 (2018.08); C10G 32/02 (2018.08); B01J 19/12 (2018.08) (21)(22) Заявка: 2018126331, 16.07.2018 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: Дата регистрации: 31.10.2018 (45) Опубликовано: 31.10.2018 Бюл. № 31 1 8 4 5 8 1 R U (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 140192 U, 10.05.2014. RU 2568273 C1, 20.11.2015. CA 0002837010 A1, 22.11.2012. (54) Устройство для магнитно-резонансной модификации углеводородного топлива (57) Реферат: Полезная модель ...

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Номер записи: 2
30-01-2019 дата публикации

Лабораторное устройство для отмывки порошковых продуктов химических реакций от посторонних примесей

Номер: RU0000186728U1
Автор: Алексей Валерьевич Панов, Андрей Валерьевич Матвеев, Денис Игоревич Прохоров, Елена Сергеевна Жаворонок, Кристина Павловна Юрьева, Леонид Ерухимович Фрумин, Станислав Анатольевич Кедик
Принадлежит: Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "МИРЭА - Российский технологический университет"

Полезная модель относится к области экспериментальной разработки многостадийных технологических процессов, а именно, к лабораторному устройству для отмывки порошковых исходных веществ или продуктов химических реакций от примесей, состоящему из ультразвуковой ванны (1) с узлами энергопитания и управления, в которую погружена емкость (2), снабженная в нижней части пористой фильтровальной перегородкой для отделения твердой фазы от жидкой фазы, на входе связанная по потоку воздуха с атмосферой, а по потоку жидкой фазы на выходе - с прямым холодильником (3), расположенным вне ванны (1), к выходу из которого через угловой аллонж (4), имеющий боковой отвод, присоединен приемник жидкой фазы (5), снабженный в нижней части краном для ее отбора или слива, причем аллонж (4) боковым отводом соединен по потоку воздуха с трехходовым краном (6), обеспечивающим связь совокупности узлов (2)-(5) с устройством, создающим разрежение, или с атмосферой. Полезная модель обеспечивает практически полное исключение потерь целевого продукта, значительное сокращение объема используемой для промывки воды или растворителя, числа и времени промывок, необходимых для достижения требуемой степени очистки целевого продукта. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 186 728 U1 (51) МПК B01D 29/78 (2006.01) B01J 19/10 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК B01D 29/78 (2018.08); B01J 19/10 (2018.08) (21)(22) Заявка: 2018136940, 19.10.2018 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: Дата регистрации: 30.01.2019 (45) Опубликовано: 30.01.2019 Бюл. № 4 1 8 6 7 2 8 R U (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 2133253 C1, 20.07.1999. US 6251294 B1, 26.06.2001. US 5547574 A, 20.08.1996. US 4127487 A, 05.10.1976. SU 608769, 30.05.1978. (54) ЛАБОРАТОРНОЕ УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ОТМЫВКИ ПОРОШКОВЫХ ПРОДУКТОВ ХИМИЧЕСКИХ РЕАКЦИЙ ОТ ПОСТОРОННИХ ПРИМЕСЕЙ (57) Реферат: Полезная модель относится к области (4), имеющий боковой отвод, ...

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Номер записи: 3
15-01-2020 дата публикации

Проточная ячейка для проведения химических реакций

Номер: RU0000195095U1
Автор: Дмитрий Сергеевич Довженко, Игорь Руфаилович Набиев, Павел Михайлович СОКОЛОВ, Павел Сергеевич Самохвалов
Принадлежит: федеральное государственное автономное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет "МИФИ" (НИЯУ МИФИ)

Полезная модель относится к области прикладных исследований, направленных на оптимизацию условий протекания химических реакций. Проточная ячейка для проведения химических реакций состоит из двух прозрачных пластин, расположенных параллельно друг другу, причем на нижнюю поверхность верхней прозрачной пластины нанесен отражающий материал, а нижняя прозрачная пластина на своей верхней поверхности содержит канал прямоугольной формы, на поверхность которого нанесен отражающий материал, поверх которого нанесен катализатор, при этом глубина канала и толщина отражающего материала выполнены так, чтобы собственная электромагнитная мода резонаторной проточной ячейки, образованной двумя упомянутыми пластинами, совпадала с известным электронным или колебательным переходом молекул субстрата химической реакции или катализатора, кроме того, сами прозрачные пластины зафиксированы вместе с помощью двух крепежных пластин, которые имеют отверстия для возможности прохождения электромагнитного излучения внутрь проточной ячейки, а на нижней из крепежных пластин закреплен хотя бы один магнит, который служит для создания магнитного поля внутри проточной ячейки. Техническим результатом является повышение эффективности прохождения химических реакций, протекающих в жидкой или газообразной среде в проточной ячейке. 5 з.п. ф-лы, 1 ил. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 195 095 U1 (51) МПК B01J 19/12 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК B01J 19/12 (2019.08) (21)(22) Заявка: 2019133026, 18.10.2019 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: Дата регистрации: 15.01.2020 (45) Опубликовано: 15.01.2020 Бюл. № 2 1 9 5 0 9 5 R U (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 2014102876 A1, 17.04.2014. WO 2015008159 A2, 22.01.2015. RU 2666853 C1, 12.09.2018. US 7175817 B2, 13.02.2007. US 20030194363 A1, 16.10.2003. (54) ПРОТОЧНАЯ ЯЧЕЙКА ДЛЯ ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ ХИМИЧЕСКИХ РЕАКЦИЙ (57) Реферат: Полезная модель относится ...

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Номер записи: 4
02-02-2012 дата публикации

Method for treating a substance with wave energy from plasma and an electrical arc

Номер: US20120024718A1
Автор: Todd Foret
Принадлежит: Foret Plasma Labs LLC

An apparatus for synergistically combining a plasma with a comminution means such as a fluid kinetic energy mill (jet mill), preferably in a single reactor and/or in a single process step is provided by the present invention. Within the apparatus of the invention potential energy is converted into kinetic energy and subsequently into angular momentum by means of wave energy, for comminuting, reacting and separation of feed materials. Methods of use of the apparatus in the practice of various processes are also provided by the present invention.

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Номер записи: 5
23-02-2012 дата публикации

Microwave Assisted Chemical Synthesis Instrument with Controlled Pressure Release

Номер: US20120043313A9
Автор: Edward Earl King, James Edward Thomas
Принадлежит: Individual

An instrument is disclosed for carrying out controlled microwave assisted chemical processes, and that is particularly useful for handling relatively small samples. The instrument includes a needle, and a needle seal adjacent the needle and having a shaft coaxial with the needle and in communication with the needle. A pressure transducer is opposite the needle seal from the needle and in communication with the shaft. A housing holds the needle to the needle seal and the needle seal to the transducer. A chamber is formed between the housing and the needle seal. A lateral shaft goes through the needle seal from the coaxial shaft to the chamber in the housing, and a valve is in communication with the chamber.

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Номер записи: 6
15-03-2012 дата публикации

Process for producing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene

Номер: US20120065437A1
Автор: Daniel C. Merkel, Haiyou Wang, Hsueh S. Tung, Konstantin A. Pokrovski
Принадлежит: Honeywell International Inc

The instant invention relates to a process and method for manufacturing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene by dehydrohalogenating a reactant stream of 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane that is substantially free from impurities, particularly halogenated propanes, propenes, and propynes.

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Номер записи: 7
22-03-2012 дата публикации

Apparatus, systems and methods for mass transfer of gases into liquids

Номер: US20120067427A1
Автор: Evan E. Koslow
Принадлежит: Individual

An apparatus for mass transfer of a gas into a liquid, including a tank that defines a chamber for receiving the gas, and at least one surface provided within the chamber. Each surface has an inner region, an outer region and an edge adjacent the outer region. Each surface is configured to receive the liquid at the inner region and rotate such that the liquid flows on the surface from the inner region to the outer region, and, upon reaching the edge of the surface, separates to form liquid particles that move outwardly through the gas in the chamber. The liquid particles are sized so that the gas is absorbed by the liquid particles to produce a mixed liquid saturated with the gas during a brief flight time of the liquid particles through the chamber.

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Номер записи: 8
22-03-2012 дата публикации

Methods and Apparatus for Enhanced Gas Distribution

Номер: US20120068111A1
Автор: Ashfaq Shaikh
Принадлежит: Eastman Chemical Co

Methods and apparatus for introducing a gas into the reaction zone of a reactor. Such methods and apparatus can more evenly distribute the gas throughout the reaction zone. Spargers for introducing a gas into the reaction zone of a reactor can be employed in systems and methods for carrying out the liquid-phase oxidation of an oxidizable compound, such as para-xylene.

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Номер записи: 9
12-04-2012 дата публикации

Process for producing steam using heat recovered from a polymerization reaction

Номер: US20120088892A1
Автор: Mourad Abouahi, Pierre Van Grambezen
Принадлежит: Total Petrochemicals Research Feluy SA

The present invention relates to a process for producing steam using heat recovered from a polymerization reaction. In particular, the present invention relates to a process for producing steam using heat recovered from a polymerization reaction for producing polyolefin, comprising the steps of: thermally contacting said polymerization reaction with a cooling fluid such that the cooling fluid removes heat from said reaction, thermally contacting at least part of said cooling fluid with at least one absorption cycle thereby transferring heat from the cooling fluid to said absorption cycle, using said absorption cycle to produce steam from a condensate, wherein the cooling fluid is used as a hot source for heating at least one evaporator and at least one generator comprised in said at least one absorption cycle. The present invention also relates to a process for cooling a polymerization reaction using a process as described herein. Said invention also relates to a polyolefin producing unit.

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Номер записи: 10
19-04-2012 дата публикации

Multiple Loop Reactor for Olefin Polymerization

Номер: US20120093693A1
Автор: Hugo Vandaele
Принадлежит: Total Petrochemicals Research Feluy SA

The present invention provides a multiple loop reactor suitable for polymerizing olefins comprising at least two interconnected loop reactors, whereby said connection essentially consists of one or more transfer lines suitable for transferring polymer slurry from a reactor to another reactor and whereby said transfer line extends substantially horizontally. The invention further relates to a process for producing olefin polymers in a multiple loop react or according to the invention. The invention also relates to the use of a transfer line for transferring polymer slurry from a reactor to another reactor in a multiple loop reactor comprising at least two interconnected loop reactors, whereby said transfer line extends substantially horizontally.

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Номер записи: 11
26-04-2012 дата публикации

Method and apparatus for manufacturing trichlorosilane

Номер: US20120100044A1
Автор: Eiji Komai, Harumi Satoh, Toshiyuki Ishii
Принадлежит: Mitsubishi Materials Corp

An apparatus 1 for manufacturing trichlorosilane includes a decomposition furnace 2 into which polymers and hydrogen chloride are introduced, the decomposition furnace 2 includes: a heating device 11 which heats an interior of the decomposition furnace 2; a reaction chamber 4 which is formed in the decomposition furnace; a center tube 3 which is inserted in the reaction chamber 4 along a longitudinal direction of the reaction chamber and has a lower-end opening portion 3 a; raw-material-supply pipes 5 and 6 which supplies the polymer and the hydrogen chloride to the reaction chamber 4 at an exterior of the center tube 3; and a gas-discharge pipe 7 which leads out reacted gas from the center tube 3, the apparatus 1 further includes a fin 14 that leads the polymer and the hydrogen chloride to the lower-end opening portion 3 a of the center tube 3 so as to stir the polymer and the hydrogen chloride.

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Номер записи: 12
03-05-2012 дата публикации

Spinel-Type Lithium Titanium Oxide/Graphene Composite and Method of Preparing the Same

Номер: US20120104327A1
Автор: Hyun Kyung KIM, Ji Young Kim, Kwang Bum Kim
Принадлежит: Industry Academic Cooperation Foundation of Yonsei University

A spinel-type lithium titanium oxide/graphene composite and a method of preparing the same are provided. The method can be useful in simplifying a manufacturing process and shortening a manufacturing time using microwave associated solvothermal reaction and post heat treatment, and the spinel-type lithium titanium oxide/graphene composite may have high electrochemical performances due to its excellent capacity and rate capability and long lifespan, and thus be used as an electrode material of the lithium secondary battery.

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Номер записи: 13
14-06-2012 дата публикации

Method for the production of silicon from silyl halides

Номер: US20120145533A1
Автор: Norbert Auner
Принадлежит: Spawnt Private SarL

The present invention relates to a method for the production of silicon from silyl halides. In a first step, the silyl halide is converted, with the generation of a plasma discharge, to a halogenated polysilane, which is subsequently decomposed to silicon, in a second step, with heating.

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Номер записи: 14
21-06-2012 дата публикации

System and process for production of polyvinyl chloride

Номер: US20120156104A1
Автор: Abbas Hassan, Aziz Hassan, Ebrahim Bagherzadeh, Gregory Borsinger, Rayford G. Anthony
Принадлежит: HRD Corp

A system configured to produce polyvinyl chloride that includes a high shear mixing device comprising at least one rotor/stator set and configured to produce a polymerization mixture by high shear mixing a vinyl chloride solution with an initiator solution, wherein the polymerization mixture comprises an emulsion of droplets; a pump in fluid communication with an inlet of said high shear mixing device; and a vessel in fluid communication with an outlet of said high shear mixing device and configured for to maintain a predetermined pressure and temperature on the polymerization mixture, wherein the vessel comprises an outlet for a product comprising polyvinyl chloride and unconverted vinyl chloride and a vent gas outlet for at least one gas selected from the group consisting of gaseous vinyl chloride, volatile reaction products, and combinations thereof.

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Номер записи: 15
05-07-2012 дата публикации

Photoreactor

Номер: US20120168300A1
Автор: Alexandra Seeber, Florina Corina Patcas, Gerrit Waters, Goetz-Peter Schindler, Grigorios Kolios
Принадлежит: BASF SE

The present invention relates to a reactor for the photocatalytic treatment of liquid or gaseous streams, which reactor comprises a tube through which the stream to be treated flows, wherein, in the tube, there are arranged at least one light source, at least one flat means M 1 provided with at least one photocatalytically active material and at least one flat means M 2 reflecting the light radiation radiated by the at least one light source, wherein the reflecting surface of the at least one means M 2 and the inner wall of the tube are at an angle greater than or equal to 0°, in such a manner that the light exiting from the light source is reflected by the at least one means M 2 onto the photocatalytically active material, and to a method for the photocatalytic treatment of liquid or gaseous streams by irradiation with light in the reactor according to the invention.

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Номер записи: 16
12-07-2012 дата публикации

System for producing l-homophenylalanine and a process for producing l-homophenylalanine

Номер: US20120178133A1
Автор: Abdul Latif Ahmad, Pei Ching Oh, Syamsul Rizal Abd. Shukor
Принадлежит: Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM)

The present invention relates to a system ( 10 ) for producing L-homophenylalanine and a process for producing L-homophenylalanine using the system ( 10 ). The system ( 10 ) and the process include monitoring and controlling of the reaction conditions (e.g., temperature and pH) to desired or predetermined values. The monitoring, adjusting and agitating steps provided by the method thereby result in a more complete conversion of the available substrate and produce a sufficient yield of homophenylalanine.

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Номер записи: 17
02-08-2012 дата публикации

Stackable structural reactors

Номер: US20120195801A1
Автор: Brian L. Davis, Gordon W. Brunson, Joseph W. WHITTENBERGER, Randall J. Bartos, Todd A. Romesberg, William A. Whittenberger
Принадлежит: Catacel Corp

A reactor for carrying out catalytic reactions. The reactor includes a reactor component optionally arranged on a central rod in a reactor tube. The reactor component can have fluid ducts for directing fluid flow through the reactor. The fluid ducts are effective for increasing heat transfer in the reactor. The reactor component can further have a washer attached to a top or bottom surface for directing fluid flow.

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Номер записи: 18
23-08-2012 дата публикации

Plasmon photocatalysis

Номер: US20120211349A1
Автор: Roderick A. Hyde
Принадлежит: SEARETE LLC

Plasmons on a waveguide may deliver energy to photocatalyze a reaction.

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Номер записи: 19
30-08-2012 дата публикации

Dispersed Bubble Reactor For Enhanced Gas-Liquid-Solids Contact And Mass Transfer

Номер: US20120216680A1
Автор: Alexander Bonsu, Guohai Liu, Pannalal Vimalchand, Wanwang Peng
Принадлежит: Southern Co

An apparatus to promote gas-liquid contact and facilitate enhanced mass transfer. The dispersed bubble reactor (DBR) operates in the dispersed bubble flow regime to selectively absorb gas phase constituents into the liquid phase. The dispersion is achieved by shearing the large inlet gas bubbles into fine bubbles with circulating liquid and additional pumped liquid solvent when necessary. The DBR is capable of handling precipitates that may form during absorption or fine catalysts that may be necessary to promote liquid phase reactions. The DBR can be configured with multistage counter current flow sections by inserting concentric cylindrical sections into the riser to facilitate annular flow. While the DBR can absorb CO 2 in liquid solvents that may lead to precipitates at high loadings, it is equally capable of handling many different types of chemical processes involving solids (precipitates/catalysts) along with gas and liquid phases.

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Номер записи: 20
30-08-2012 дата публикации

Uv disinfection system with contactless cleaning

Номер: US20120216843A1
Автор: Ernst Martin Billing, Friedhelm Krüger, Hans-Joachim Anton, Ralf Fiekens
Принадлежит: XYLEM IP HOLDINGS LLC

A UV disinfection system for waste water and drinking water, including a number of UV radiators arranged in cladding tubes and a cleaning device for the cladding tubes. The cladding tubes are configured essentially symmetrically to a longitudinal axis. The cleaning device for the cladding tubes includes (a) at least one cleaning ring for each cladding tube, which surround the cladding tube, (b) at least one drive for driving the cleaning ring in the direction of the axis, wherein the at least one cleaning ring is disposed at a distance (d) from the surface of the cladding tube, (c) openings directed in the cleaning ring towards the cladding tube, and (d) a supply of pressurised liquid under high pressure into the openings so that the pressurised liquid is directed as a cleaning jet onto the surface of the cladding tube.

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Номер записи: 21
13-09-2012 дата публикации

Electromagnetic Casting Apparatus for Silicon

Номер: US20120230902A1
Автор: Kyojiro Kaneko
Принадлежит: Individual

This invention aims at providing a silicon electromagnetic casting apparatus for accurate and easy manufacturing of high quality silicon ingots. This apparatus uses a furnace vessel 100, a conductive crucible 200 installed in the internal part of the furnace vessel 100 and an induction coil 300 installed on the outer circumference of the crucible 200. Constant pressure is maintained in the internal part of the furnace vessel 100 using a prescribed gas and the silicon inside the above mentioned crucible 200 is solidified after melting it by induction heating by applying voltage on the induction coil 300. The induction coil 300 is made by placing 2 induction coils 310 and 320 having different induction frequencies one above the other.

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Номер записи: 22
04-10-2012 дата публикации

Hydrocarbon cracking antenna

Номер: US20120247945A1
Автор: Francis Eugene PARSCHE
Принадлежит: HARRIS CORP

An aspect of at least one embodiment of the present invention is a device for cracking heavy hydrocarbons. A linear applicator is positioned within heavy oil containing aromatic molecules. A radio frequency electrical current source is electrically connected to the applicator at a first connection point and a second connection point to create a closed electrical loop. The radio frequency source is configured to apply a signal to the applicator that is sufficient to create a magnetic field and an electric field relative to the axis of the linear applicator. The device also includes a chamber positioned around the applicator generally between the first connection point and the second connection point to concentrate the magnetic field within a region surrounding the applicator and containing the heavy hydrocarbons.

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Номер записи: 23
06-12-2012 дата публикации

Process for the preparation of perfluoroalkylcyano- or perfluoroalkylcyanofluoroborates

Номер: US20120309981A1
Автор: Jan Sprenger, Maik Finze, Michael Schulte, Nikolai (Mykola) Ignatyev, Walter Frank
Принадлежит: Merck Patent GmBH

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of salts having perfluoroalkyltricyano- or perfluoroalkylcyanofluoroborate anions, ((per)fluoro)phenyltricyano- or ((per)fluoro)phenylcyanofluoroborate anions, phenyltricyanoborate anions which are mono- or disubstituted by perfluoroalkyl groups having 1 to 4 C atoms or phenylcyanofluoroborate anions which are mono- or disubstituted by perfluoroalkyl groups having 1 to 4 C atoms, by reaction of alkali metal trifluoroperfluoroalkylborate with trialkylsilyl cyanide and a subsequent salt-exchange reaction or by direct reaction of an organic trifluoroperfluoroalkyl borate with trialkylsilyl cyanide.

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Номер записи: 24
27-12-2012 дата публикации

Pyrolysis of Biomass

Номер: US20120324785A1
Автор: Garth Philip Wilton Way, Lee Mcmahon, Rodney Taylor
Принадлежит: Energy Environmental Ltd

A method of treating biomass material, particularly plant-derived biomass material, to produce pyrolysis thereof, comprising subjecting the biomass material to radio frequency electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwave radiation, while the material is being agitated, under suitable conditions to produce a desired degree of pyrolysis.

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Номер записи: 25
03-01-2013 дата публикации

Process for electrosynthesis of energetic molecules

Номер: US20130001072A1
Автор: Stuart Licht
Принадлежит: George Washington University

A process for the production of energetically rich compounds comprising: using externally supplied thermal energy to heat an electrolyzable compound to a temperature greater than the ambient temperature; generating electricity from a solar electrical photovoltaic component; subjecting the heated electrolyzable compound to electrolysis with the solar generated electricity to generate an energetically rich electrolytic product.

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Номер записи: 26
03-01-2013 дата публикации

Flashline heater system and method

Номер: US20130005929A1
Автор: John D. Hottovy, Scott E. Kufeld
Принадлежит: Chevron Phillips Chemical Co LP

The present embodiments provide a system and method for separation within a polymer production process. Specifically, a flashline heater configured according to present embodiments may provide more time than is required for complete vaporization of liquid hydrocarbons that are not entrained within a polymer fluff produced within a polymerization reactor. Such extra time may allow for liquid hydrocarbons that are entrained within the polymer fluff to be vaporized.

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Номер записи: 27
14-02-2013 дата публикации

Olefin Hydration Process with an Integrated Membrane Reactor

Номер: US20130041186A1
Автор: Aadesh Harale, Ibrahim Abba, Stephan Ralf Vogel, Wei Xu
Принадлежит: Saudi Arabian Oil Co

An olefin hydration process and reactor are provided, wherein an integrated membrane selectively removes alcohol product from the reactor, thereby allowing for increased yields.

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Номер записи: 28
28-02-2013 дата публикации

Method for the Treatment of a Liquid, in Particular a Mineral Oil

Номер: US20130048486A1
Автор: Anibal Luis Veneciano Rivera, Fedor Chernikov, Jose Miguel Delgado Castillo, Ruediger Uwe Nuerk
Принадлежит: Pristec Ag

A method is disclosed for the treatment of a liquid, in particular a mineral oil, for increasing the portion of low-boiling fractions. The treatment comprises generating pressure waves having a first frequency, subjecting the liquid to said pressure waves in a region of application and feeding the so-treated liquid to a tank. At least one pipe flowed through by the treated liquid and immediately following said region of application is excited to oscillations of a second frequency, which is the resonance frequency of the excited system.

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Номер записи: 29
28-02-2013 дата публикации

Antenna placement in degenerate modal cavities of an electromagnetic energy transfer system

Номер: US20130048880A1
Автор: Arnit Rappel, Denis Dikarov, Michael Sigalov, Pinchas Einziger, Yoel Biberman
Принадлежит: Goji Ltd

Antenna placement in degenerate modal cavities of an electromagnetic energy transfer system, an apparatus and method for applying electromagnetic energy to an object are disclosed in a degenerate energy application zone via a source of electromagnetic energy. The apparatus may include at least one processor configured to regulate the source to apply electromagnetic energy at a predetermined frequency that excites a plurality of resonant modes in the degenerate energy application zone. The plurality of resonant modes are of the same transverse type.

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Номер записи: 30
28-03-2013 дата публикации

Static reactive jet mixer, and methods of mixing during an amine-phosgene mixing process

Номер: US20130079550A1
Автор: Hua Bai, Jorg-Peter Gehrke, Joydeep Mukherjee, Paul Aaron Gillis, Sanjib Kumar Das Sharma
Принадлежит: Dow Global Technologies LLC

This disclosure relates to a static mixer ( 1 ) with a plurality of nozzles, and more generally, to a mixer and method of use thereof for mixing phosgene and amine with shaped jets or at least two rows of nozzles ( 15,16 )where the second row ( 16 ) is used to enrich an area of deficit of the phosgene flow within the static reactive jet mixer ( 1 ). Configurations of enriching secondary flow include the use of concentric, eccentric, or offset jets of amine/phosgene, and the use of nozzles with different and regular geometries to help focus amine/phosgene to a specific area of the principal phosgene flow.

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Номер записи: 31
04-04-2013 дата публикации

DIRECTED INFRA-RED COUNTERMEASURE SYSTEM

Номер: US20130082183A1
Автор: Mudge Damien Troy
Принадлежит: BAE SYSTEMS AUSTRALIA LIMITED

A tracking sensor for a directed infra-red countermeasure (DIRCM) system, the sensor including a first set of image elements in a inner region of the sensor and each having or operable to monitor respective first fields of view; and a second set of image elements in an outer region of the sensor and each having or operable to monitor respective second fields of view. The first fields of view are smaller than the second fields of view or the image elements of the first set provide higher resolution than the image elements of the second set. 117-. (canceled)18. A tracking sensor for a directed infra-red countermeasure (DIRCM) system , said sensor comprising:a first set of image elements in an inner region of said sensor, each having or operable to monitor respective first fields of view; anda second set of image elements in an outer region of said sensor, each having or operable to monitor respective second fields of view;wherein said first fields of view are smaller than said second fields of view or said image elements of said first set provide higher resolution than said image elements of said second set.19. A sensor as claimed in claim 18 , wherein the inner region is a central region claim 18 , and the outer region comprises:all image elements of said sensor not in said inner region.20. A sensor as claimed in claim 18 , in combination with a DIRCM system.21. A sensor and DIRCM system combination as claimed in claim 20 , comprising:an optical system for directing incoming light onto the first and second sets of image elements of said sensor such that the optical system defines the first and second fields of view, and said image elements of said first set have higher resolution than said image elements of said second set.22. A sensor and DIRCM system combination as claimed in claim 20 , wherein said sensor is configured to detect UV claim 20 , IR or both UV and IR.23. A sensor and DIRCM system combination as claimed claim 20 , arranged to combine outputs of groups ...

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Номер записи: 32
11-04-2013 дата публикации

Gas-Liquid Contactor

Номер: US20130089480A1
Автор: David John Parkinson, Kevin E. Collier, Theodore E. Dickinson
Принадлежит: Specialist Process Tech Ltd

A contactor for reacting a flow of gas with a liquid, comprises a vessel, a first chamber in the vessel and a second chamber in the vessel, the first and second chambers being linked only by a porous wall, and means for directing ultrasonic noise into at least one of the first and second chambers.

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Номер записи: 33
11-04-2013 дата публикации

Nanostructured metal oxides and mixed metal oxides, methods of making these nanoparticles, and methods of their use

Номер: US20130089739A1
Автор: Aziz Fihri, Vivek Polshettiwar
Принадлежит: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology KAUST

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide for nanoparticles, methods of making nanoparticles, methods of using the nanoparticles, and the like. Nanoparticles of the present disclosure can have a variety of morphologies, which may lead to their use in a variety of technologies and processes. Nanoparticles of the present may be used in sensors, optics, mechanics, circuits, and the like. In addition, nanoparticles of the present disclosure may be used in catalytic reactions, for CO oxidation, as super-capacitors, in hydrogen storage, and the like.

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Номер записи: 34
18-04-2013 дата публикации

NEAR-FIELD LIGHT MICROCHANNEL STRUCTURE AND NEAR-FIELD LIGHT MICROREACTOR

Номер: US20130095005A1
Автор: Isozaki Katsuhiro, Miki Kazushi, Nittoh Kohichi, Ochiai Takao, Taguchi Tomoya
Принадлежит: NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR MATERIALS SCIENCE

The object can be attained by the near-field light microchannel structure that comprises a structure provided with a microchannel and a near-field light two-dimensional array arranged inside the microchannel and enabling in-plane near-field light generating, in which the near-field light two-dimensional array comprises an electroconductive layer formed on the inner wall surface of the microchannel , a immobilizing layer immobilized on one surface of the electroconductive layer via chemical bonding, and metal nanoparticle arrays immobilized on one surface of the immobilizing layer via chemical bonding, and in which the metal nanoparticle arrays each comprise multiple metal nanoparticles arrayed at regular intervals and bonded to each other via the modifying part arranged on the surface thereof. 1. A near-field light microchannel structure that comprises a structure provided with a microchannel and a near-field light two-dimensional array arranged inside the microchannel and enabling in-plane near-field light generating;wherein the near-field light two-dimensional array comprises an electroconductive layer formed on the inner wall surface of the microchannel, a immobilizing layer immobilized on one surface of the electroconductive layer via chemical bonding, and metal nanoparticle arrays immobilized on one surface of the immobilizing layer via chemical bonding, andwherein the metal nanoparticle arrays each comprise multiple metal nanoparticles arrayed at regular intervals and bonded to each other via the modifying part arranged on the surface thereof.2. The near-field light microchannel structure as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the structure has a first member and a second member laminated on one side of the first member claim 1 , and the microchannel is arranged between the first member and the second member.3. The near-field light microchannel structure as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the distance between the metal nanoparticles is from 1 to 10 nm.4. The near-field ...

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Номер записи: 35
25-04-2013 дата публикации

Chemical synthesis comprising heat treatment by intermittent dielectric heating, combined with a recycling system

Номер: US20130102804A1
Автор: Mikaele Raynard, Pierre Charlier De Chily
Принадлежит: Aldivia SAS

This invention relates to the design of a process by intermittent dielectric heating combined with a recycling system. This process consists in subjecting reagents to electromagnetic waves selected in the frequencies ranging between 300 GHz and 3 MHz intermittently using a recycling system. This process enables the treatment of oils that are hardly absorbent as well as great investment savings. This process enables operation on different scales, whether in laboratories, on a semi-industrial or industrial scale, without forfeiting the advantages of continuous dielectric heating.

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Номер записи: 36
02-05-2013 дата публикации

Method for the delivery of oligonucleotides

Номер: US20130108686A1
Автор: Francesc Xavier Blasco Sole, Jose Carlos Perales Losa, Ramon Eritja Casadella, Sandra Milena Ocampo
Принадлежит: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas CSIC, Universitat de Barcelona UB

The invention relates to a method for obtaining formulations which improve the binding capacity of siRNAs in relation to plasma components, which promote the transport of siRNA in the blood, which increase the passage of siRNA through the cell membrane and, consequently, which increase the inhibitory activity of siRNA. The invention also relates to a method for obtaining a formulation comprising siRNA associated with plasma components, characterised in that the method includes a step in which the plasma components are dispersed in an aqueous medium.

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Номер записи: 37
09-05-2013 дата публикации

Methods And Compositions For Administering A Specific Wavelength Phototherapy

Номер: US20130115180A1
Автор: Goren Andy Ofer, McCoy John
Принадлежит:

Methods and compositions are disclosed for administering electromagnetic radiation (EMR), for therapeutic or cosmetic purposes, or for purposes of curing a polymeric material. 1. A method delivering a dose of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) to an object , comprising the steps of:covering the object with a composition which selectively allows passage of EMR of one or more predetermined wavelengths, while excluding other wavelengths; andexposing said object to a light source that includes EMR of a spectrum that includes said one or more predetermined wavelengths.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of stopping the exposure of the object to the light source when the object has received a predetermined amount of EMR at the one or more predetermined wavelengths.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein said step of stopping occurs after a predetermined time after the beginning of said step of exposure claim 2 , further comprising the step of adjusting the concentration of said composition within a carrier material so as to only allow claim 2 , within the predetermined time claim 2 , said predetermined amount of EMR.4. The method of claim 2 , further comprising the step of providing a dosimeter that measures exposure to at least one of said one or more predetermined wavelengths claim 2 , and that provides an indication when said object has received a predetermined amount of EMR at the measured wavelength or wavelengths; wherein the step of stopping the exposure occurs when the dosimeter provides said indication.5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising the step of covering the dosimeter with said composition.6. The method of claim 2 , wherein said composition comprises a photoactive molecule that changes its chemical structure after being exposed to a threshold level of EMR claim 2 , such that it becomes opaque to at least one of the one or more predetermined wavelengths; and wherein the step of stopping the exposure occurs when said photoactive molecule ...

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Номер записи: 38
16-05-2013 дата публикации

OPTICAL REACTOR AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME

Номер: US20130121889A1
Автор: Usami Hisanao
Принадлежит: SHINSHU UNIVERSITY

An optical reactor configured such that a large number of particles . . . formed of a glass material are accommodated in a glass tube and a fluid L can flow through the glass tube is characterized in that a contact portion between the glass tube and the particles . . . and a contact portion between the particles . . . serve as welding surfaces J . . . each having a predetermined area so that light guides C are provided continuing to the glass tube and the particles . . . through the welding surfaces J. An photocatalyst layer can be provided on the surfaces of the particles . . . and an inner surface of the glass tube except the welding surfaces J . . . . The glass tube may be formed having a circular cross sectional shape or may be formed having a non-circular cross sectional shape. 1. An optical reactor configured such that a large number of particles formed of a glass material are accommodated in a glass tube , and a fluid can flow through the glass tube , characterized in thata contact portion between the glass tube and the particles and a contact portion between the particles serve as welding surfaces each having a predetermined area so that light guides are provided continuing to the glass tube and the particles through the welding surfaces.2. The optical reactor according to claim 1 , whereinan photocatalyst layer is provided on the surfaces of the particles and an inner surface of the glass tube except the welding surface.3. The optical reactor according to claim 1 , whereinthe glass tube is a single tube capable of applying a light beam to an outer peripheral surface from a light emitting portion outside.4. The optical reactor according to claim 1 , whereinthe glass tube is formed having a circular sectional shape.5. The optical reactor according to claim 1 , whereinthe glass tube is formed having a non-circular sectional shape, and this non-circular shape includes at least a polygon, a linear or curved elongated shape whose long side is three times or more ...

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Номер записи: 39
16-05-2013 дата публикации

METHOD AND DEVICE USING PLASMON- RESONATING NANOPARTICLES

Номер: US20130122396A1
Автор: Christopher Phillip N., Linic Suljo
Принадлежит: THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN

Disclosed herein are methods and articles that include a plasmon-resonating nanostructure that employ a photo-thermal mechanism to catalyze the reduction of an oxidant. As such, the plasmon-resonating nanostructure catalyzes a redox reaction at a temperature below a predetermined activation temperature. The method can be efficiently used to catalyze the reduction of an oxidant, for example in a catalytic reactor or in a fuel cell that includes a photon source. 1. A method comprising:supplying an oxidant having a π-antibonding orbital to a surface of a plasmon-resonating nanostructure;exposing the plasmon-resonating nanostructure to photons at a wavelength sufficient to photoexcite the plasmon-resonating nanostructure; andreducing the oxidant at a rate about 1.1 to about 10,000, times the rate of reduction of the oxidant under the same conditions but in the absence of the photons.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step ofreducing the oxidant comprises reducing the oxidant at a temperature below a predetermined thermodynamic barrier.3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising supplying and oxidizing a reductant at the temperature below the predetermined activation temperature.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the reductant is an alkene.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the alkene is selected from the group consisting of ethylene claim 4 , propylene claim 4 , and butylene.6. The method of claim 3 , wherein the reductant is a material selected from the group consisting of hydrogen claim 3 , methanol claim 3 , and ammonia.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plasmon-resonating nanostructure is present on a support.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the support is one of silica and alumina.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein reducing the oxidant produces an oxidation product selected from a group consisting of water claim 1 , ethylene oxide claim 1 , propylene oxide claim 1 , acrylonitrile claim 1 , propenal claim 1 , acrylic acid claim 1 , carbon dioxide claim 1 ...

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Номер записи: 40
16-05-2013 дата публикации

Pump for loop reactor

Номер: US20130123442A1
Автор: Daan Dewachter, Frank Timmermans, Louis Fouarge, Wouter Ooms
Принадлежит: Total Research and Technology Feluy SA

The present invention relates the use of a pump in a loop reactor for the production of polyethylene, as well as a reactor comprising such pump and methods for producing polyolefin by means of such reactor. The pump according to the invention is characterized in that it is an axial flow impeller circulation pump, wherein the impeller comprises 6 blades and wherein the pump is fixed on a spring supported frame. Use of the pump according to the present invention allows for preparation of homogeneous polyethylene products that meet high quality standards from the complicated ethylene polymerization mixtures while at the same time being produced with low energy consumption.

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Номер записи: 41
30-05-2013 дата публикации

REACTORS FOR CONDUCTING THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES WITH SOLAR HEAT INPUT, AND ASSOCIATED SYSTEMS AND METHODS

Номер: US20130136658A1
Автор: McAlister Roy E.
Принадлежит:

Reactors for conducting thermochemical processes with solar heat input, and associated systems and methods. A representative system includes a reactor having a reaction zone, a reactant source coupled in fluid in communication with the reactant zone, and a solar concentrator having at least one concentrator surface positionable to direct solar energy to a focal area. The system can further include an actuator coupled to the solar concentrator to move the solar concentrator relative to the sun, and a controller operatively coupled to the actuator. The controller can be programmed with instructions that direct the actuator to position the solar concentrator to focus the solar energy on the reaction zone when the solar energy is above a threshold level, and point to a location in the sky having relatively little radiant energy to cool an object when the solar energy is below the threshold level. 1. A reactor system for processing a reactant , comprising:a reactor having a reaction zone;a reactant source coupled in fluid communication with the reaction zone of the reactor;a solar concentrator having at least one concentrator surface positionable to direct solar energy to a focal area;an actuator coupled to the solar concentrator to move the solar concentrator relative to the sun; and direct the actuator to position the solar concentrator to focus the solar energy on the reaction zone when the solar energy is above a threshold level; and', 'direct the actuator to position the solar concentrator to point to a location in the sky having relatively little radiant energy to cool an object positioned at the focal area when the solar energy is below the threshold level., 'a controller operatively coupled to the actuator, the controller being programmed with instructions that, when executed231-. (canceled) The present application claims priority to pending U.S. Provisional Application 61/304,403, filed Feb. 13, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference. To the extent the ...

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Номер записи: 42
30-05-2013 дата публикации

Nanoporous photocatalyst having high specific surface area and high crystallinity and method for preparing the same

Номер: US20130137566A1
Автор: Hae-Jin Kim, Hye-Ran Kim, Hyun-Uk Lee, Jou-hahn Lee, Jung-Hye Seo, Soon-Chang Lee, Won-Ki Hong
Принадлежит: Korea Basic Science Institute KBSI

Disclosed is a nanoporous photocatalyst having a high specific surface area and high crystallinity and a method for preparing the same, capable of preparing nanoporous photocatalysts, which satisfy both of the high specific surface area of 350 m 2 /g to 650 m 2 /g and high crystallinity through a simple synthetic scheme, in mass production at a low price. The nanoporous catalyst having a high specific area and high crystallinity includes a plurality of nanopores having an average diameter of about 1 nm to about 3 nm. A micro-framework of the nanoporous photocatalyst has a single crystalline phase of anatase or a bicrystalline phase of anatase and brookite, and a specific surface area of the nanoporous photocatalyst is in a range of about 350 m 2 /g to 650 m 2 /g.

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Номер записи: 43
06-06-2013 дата публикации

RECYCLING AND MATERIAL RECOVERY SYSTEM AND METHOD ASSOCIATED THEREWITH

Номер: US20130140170A1
Автор: Farneman John Otis, Welch Keith Leroy
Принадлежит:

A method of recovering an organic decomposition product from an organic source may include: a) causing an inert gas to flow through the reduction zone from a reduction inlet to a reduction outlet in such a way that pressure in the reduction zone is maintained above ambient pressure of a local environment for the material recovery system and b) applying electromagnetic wave energy to the organic source in the reduction zone via a bifurcated waveguide assembly in the substantial absence of oxygen to produce at least one gaseous organic decomposition product in the reduction zone that is exhausted from the reduction zone along with the inert gas through the reduction outlet. A material recovery system may include a housing with an inert gas inlet, a reduction zone, and a reduction outlet, an inert gas supply, an electromagnetic wave generator, a bifurcated waveguide assembly, and a controller. 1. A method for recovering at least one organic decomposition product from an organic source in a reduction zone of a material recovery system , the method including:a) flowing an inert gas through the reduction zone from a reduction inlet to a reduction outlet to purge the reduction zone and maintain a positive pressure therein; andb) applying electromagnetic wave energy to the organic source in the reduction zone via a bifurcated waveguide assembly, while maintaining the organic source in a stationary position for at least a portion of the applying, to produce at least one gaseous organic decomposition product in the reduction zone;exhausting the at least one gaseous organic decomposition product from the reduction zone along with the inert gas through the reduction outlet.2. The method of claim 1 , further including:opening an access port to the reduction zone;placing the organic source in the reduction zone through the access port; andclosing the access port.3. The method of claim 1 , further including:receiving the organic source at a lock inlet of the material recovery ...

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Номер записи: 44
06-06-2013 дата публикации

SELECTIVE RESONANT RECONFIGURATION OF CHEMICAL STRUCTURES

Номер: US20130140472A1
Автор: Ishikawa Muriel Y., JR. Lowell L., Jung Edward K.Y., Leuthardt Eric C., Myhrvold Nathan P., Wood
Принадлежит: SEARETE LLC

Chemical compositions may be selectively or preferentially excited by the application of scores comprising a series of energy inputs. 190.-. (canceled)91. An instrument for exciting chemical compositions , comprising:an interpreter that converts a score comprising a plurality of energy input descriptors into control instructions for an energy input component; andan energy input component constructed to direct an energy input into a medium in accordance with control instructions generated by the interpreter, wherein the score is selected to specify inputs that induce a group of proximate atoms to shift from a first geometric configuration to a second geometric configuration.92. The instrument of claim 91 , wherein each energy input descriptor comprises a description of at least one attribute selected from the group consisting of frequency claim 91 , modulation frequency claim 91 , phase claim 91 , amplitude claim 91 , temporal profile claim 91 , polarization claim 91 , direction claim 91 , and coherence.93. The instrument of claim 91 , wherein the energy input component is a laser.94. The instrument of claim 91 , wherein the energy input component comprises a beam control element that directs or modifies the beam.95. The instrument of claim 94 , wherein the beam control element is selected from the group consisting of a reflector claim 94 , a polarizer claim 94 , an optical fiber claim 94 , and a lens.96. The instrument of claim 91 , further comprising a score location component that selects a score to be converted by the interpreter.97. The instrument of claim 96 , wherein the score location component selects the score from a library of scores claim 96 , each score in the library being associated with one or more compositions claim 96 , wherein the energy input descriptors of each score describe a set of energy inputs selected to induce a conformational change in its associated one or more compositions.98. The instrument of claim 97 , wherein the library of scores ...

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Номер записи: 45
13-06-2013 дата публикации

METHOD OF CREATING COLORED MATERIALS BY FIXING ORDERED STRUCTURES OF MAGNETITE NANOPARTICLES WITHIN A SOLID MEDIA

Номер: US20130146788A1
Автор: Ge Jianping, Kwon Sunghoon, Yin Yadong
Принадлежит: The Regents of the University of California

Compositions and methods wherein ordered structures of photonic nanocrystals are created in a liquid medium and then such structures are fixed by converting the liquid medium to a solid. In addition, compositions and methods of reversibly fixing such structures, so that ordered structures can be reversibly created in a liquid medium, converted to solid, and then converted back to liquid, wherein new ordered structures can be created and again fixed. 1. A method of creating colored materials , comprising:fixing ordered structures of magnetically responsive nanoparticles within a media, such that the ordered structures diffract light to create colors.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising creating the ordered structures of magnetically responsive nanoparticles with an external magnetic field.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the ordered structures of magnetically responsive nanoparticles are created in a liquid media and the ordered structures are fixed by converting the liquid media to a solid media.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the liquid media is a photocurable solution.5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising fixing the ordered structures of magnetically responsive nanoparticles with an UV source having a wavelength of approximately 240 nm to approximately 365 nm.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ordered structures are created in a reversible media claim 1 , wherein the reversible media is reversible from a solid to a liquid claim 1 , such that the color can be changed.7. A method of generating multicolored patterns comprising:fixing a structural color from a superparamagnetic colloidal nanocrystal clusters (CNC); andintroducing a high resolution patterning of multiple structural colors using a single material.8. The method of claim 7 , further comprising repetitive tuning and fixing of the structural color from a mixture of superparamagnetic photonic crystals and photocurable resin.9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the superparamagnetic ...

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Номер записи: 46
13-06-2013 дата публикации

CHEMICAL REACTORS WITH ANNULARLY POSITIONED DELIVERY AND REMOVAL DEVICES, AND ASSOCIATED SYSTEMS AND METHODS

Номер: US20130149208A1
Автор: McAlister Roy Edward
Принадлежит: McAlister Technologies, LLC

Chemical reactors with annularly positioned delivery and removal devices, and associated systems and methods. A reactor in accordance with a particular embodiment includes a reactor vessel having a light-transmissible surface proximate to a reaction zone, and a movable reactant delivery system positioned within the reactor vessel. The reactor can further include a product removal system positioned within the reactor vessel and positioned annularly inwardly or outwardly from the delivery system. A solar concentrator is positioned to direct solar radiation through the light-transmissible surface to the reaction zone. 1. A chemical reactor , comprising:a reactor vessel having a light-transmissible surface proximate to a reaction zone;a movable reactant delivery system positioned within the reactor vessel;a product removal system positioned within the reactor vessel and positioned annularly inwardly or outwardly from the delivery system; anda solar concentrator positioned to direct solar radiation through the light transmissible surface to the reaction zone.223-. (canceled) The present application claims priority to and the benefit of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 61/304,403, filed on Feb. 13, 2010 and titled FULL SPECTRUM ENERGY AND RESOURCE INDEPENDENCE, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. To the extent the foregoing application and/or any other materials incorporated herein by reference conflict with the disclosure presented herein, the disclosure herein controls.The present technology relates generally to chemical reactors with annularly positioned reactant delivery devices and product removal devices, and associated systems and methods. In particular embodiments, reactor systems with these devices can be used to produce clean-burning, hydrogen-based fuels from a wide variety of feedstocks with enhanced energy efficiency, and can produce structural building blocks from carbon and/or other elements that are released when forming the hydrogen ...

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Номер записи: 47
20-06-2013 дата публикации

System and Method Using a Microwave-Transparent Reaction Chamber for Production of Fuel from a Carbon-Containing Feedstock

Номер: US20130156655A1
Автор: Aaron Sherman, Catto Michael, Van Thorre Douglas
Принадлежит:

Approaches for producing fuel from a carbon-containing feedstock are described. Feedstock is introduced into a substantially microwave-transparent reaction chamber. A microwave source emits microwaves which are directed through the microwave-transparent wall of the reaction chamber to impinge on the feedstock within the reaction chamber. The microwave source may be rotated relative to the reaction chamber. The feedstock is subjected to microwaves until the desired reaction occurs to produce a fuel. A catalyst can be mixed with the feedstock to enhance the reaction process. 1a first reaction chamber comprising a first microwave-transparent chamber wall and a first reaction cavity configured to hold the carbon-containing feedstock and having a steam exit port;a second reaction chamber, separate from the first reaction chamber, the second reaction chamber comprising a second microwave-transparent chamber wall and a second reaction cavity configured to hold the carbon-containing feedstock;a microwave subsystem comprising at least one microwave device configured to emit microwaves when energized, the microwave device positioned relative to the first and second reaction chambers so that the microwaves are directed through the first and second microwave-transparent chamber walls and into the first and second reaction cavities, respectively;a mechanism configured to provide relative motion between the microwave device and at least one of the first and second reaction chambers; anda motor-driven feedstock transport mechanism configured to mechanically compress the carbon-containing feedstock in the first reaction chamber and to move the carbon-containing feedstock into the second reaction chamber;wherein the microwave subsystem is configured to cause the microwave device to heat the carbon-containing feedstock in the first reaction chamber to a first temperature of about 100° C. while steam exits from the first reaction chamber via the steam exit port and to heat the carbon- ...

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Номер записи: 48
20-06-2013 дата публикации

PLASMONIC ASSISTED SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR INTERIOR ENERGY-ACTIVATION FROM AN EXTERIOR SOURCE

Номер: US20130156905A1
Автор: Bourke, JR. Frederic Avery, Vo-Dinh Tuan
Принадлежит: Immunolight, LLC

A method and a system for producing a change in a medium disposed in an artificial container. The method places in a vicinity of the medium at least one of a plasmonics agent and an energy modulation agent. The method applies an initiation energy through the artificial container to the medium. The initiation energy interacts with the plasmonics agent or the energy modulation agent to directly or indirectly produce the change in the medium. The system includes an initiation energy source configured to apply an initiation energy to the medium to activate the plasmonics agent or the energy modulation agent. 1. A method for producing a change in a medium , comprising:(1) placing inside the medium to be treated an energy modulation agent and a photoactivatable agent, said energy modulation agent comprising a photon emitter which emits at least one of ultraviolet and visible light into the medium to be treated upon interaction with an initiation energy;(2) applying the initiation energy from an energy source including at least one of x-rays, gamma rays, or an electron beam to the medium in order to provide said at least one of ultraviolet and visible light at one or more positions displaced from the energy modulation agent inside the medium to be treated; and(3) inducing from the light emitted into the medium a photoreactive change to the photoactivatable agent displaced from the energy modulation agent inside the medium to be treated.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein inducing a photoreactive change includes at least one or more of:photocuring the medium to be treated;photocuring an adhesive as the medium to be treated;sterilizing the medium to be treated;pasteurizing the medium to be treated;deactivating fermentation in the medium to be treated;reducing contaminants in waste water comprising said medium to be treated;activating a photoreactive drug in the medium to be treated; oractivating in vivo a photoreactive drug in the medium to be treated.3. The method of claim 1 ...

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Номер записи: 49
27-06-2013 дата публикации

OPTICAL ARRANGEMENT AND METHOD FOR EXAMINING OR PROCESSING AN OBJECT

Номер: US20130161538A1
Автор: Fischer Marc, HOLZWARTH Ronald, MEI Michael
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to an optical arrangement () and to a method of examining or processing an object (). Here, a first laser pulse with a first central wavelength and a second laser pulse with a second central wavelength different from the first central wavelength are generated. Both pulses are superimposed in or on the object () such that multi-photon absorption takes place there with the involvement of at least one photon of the first laser pulse and at least one photon of the second laser pulse. 1. Optical arrangement for examining or processing an object , comprising:a first laser pulse generator for generating a first laser pulse with a first central wavelength,a second laser pulse generator for generating a second laser pulse with a second central wavelength, wherein the second central wavelength is different from the first central wavelength,a beam steering system which is configured to superimpose the first laser pulse and the second laser pulse at a certain target position within or on the object, so that multi-photon absorption takes place at the target position with the involvement of at least one photon of the first laser pulse and at least one photon of the second laser pulse, wherein the first laser pulse generator and the second laser pulse generator each comprise a separate, pulsed laser, wherein the two pulsed lasers are synchronized with each other.2. Optical arrangement for examining or processing an object , comprising:a first laser pulse generator for generating a first laser pulse with a first central wavelength,a second laser pulse generator for generating a second laser pulse with a second central wavelength, wherein the second central wavelength is different from the first central wavelength,a beam steering system which is configured to superimpose the first laser pulse and the second laser pulse at a certain target position in or on the object, so that multi-photon absorption takes place at the target position with the involvement of at ...

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Номер записи: 50
04-07-2013 дата публикации

MAGNETIC FLUX CHANNEL COUPLED PLASMA REACTOR

Номер: US20130171038A1
Автор: CHOI Dae-Kyu
Принадлежит:

A magnetic flux channel coupled plasma reactor includes a hollow reactor body having a plasma discharge space coupled to magnetic flux channels, a magnetic flux channel coupled plasma source including magnetic cores having two or more magnetic flux entrances forming the magnetic channel and primary winding coils wound in the magnetic cores and generating magnetic flux channel coupled plasma in the plasma discharge space, and an AC switching power supply for supplying plasma generation power to the primary winding coils and the capacitively coupled electrodes. The magnetic flux channel coupled plasma reactor independently generates the magnetic flux channel coupled plasma or hybrid plasma through capacitively coupled electrodes or inductive antenna coils in the inside of the reactor body. 1. A magnetic flux channel coupled plasma reactor comprising:a hollow reactor body having a plasma discharge space coupled to magnetic flux channels;a magnetic flux channel coupled plasma source including magnetic cores having two or more magnetic flux entrances forming the magnetic channel and primary winding coils wound in the magnetic cores and generating magnetic flux channel coupled plasma in the plasma discharge space;capacitively coupled electrodes capacitively coupled while the plasma discharge space is interposed therebetween to generate capacitively coupled plasma in the plasma discharge space; andan AC switching power supply for supplying plasma generation power to the primary winding coils and the capacitively coupled electrodes.2. The magnetic flux channel coupled plasma reactor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the reactor body is formed of a dielectric body.3. The magnetic flux channel coupled plasma reactor as claimed in claim 2 , comprising a conductive reactor body cover surrounding an outside of the reactor body.4. The magnetic flux channel coupled plasma reactor as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the conductive reactor body cover serves as the capacitively coupled ...

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Номер записи: 51
11-07-2013 дата публикации

High-speed mixing reactor and application thereof

Номер: US20130178596A1
Автор: Dezhen Sun, Jiansheng Ding, Qingle Hou, Weiqi Hua, Wenbo Wang, Xueli Yu
Принадлежит: Yantai Wanhua Polyurethanes Co Ltd

Disclosed is a rapid mixing reactor, comprising a first feed-in passage housing, a reactor housing, a second feed-in passage, a hollow blade-wheel feed distributor, a rotation shaft, and a first feed distributor, wherein the first feed-in passage housing and the reactor housing are constructed coaxially and communicated with each other; the second feed-in passage, the hollow blade-wheel feed distributor and the rotation shaft each are fixed in connection with each other in the sequence along the central axis of the reactor; the hollow blade-wheel feed distributor is located within the reactor housing and rotates axially under the driving force of the rotation shaft; the second feed-in passage is connected with the hollow blade-wheel feed distributor; the first feed-in passage housing is set up with at least one first feed-in inlet therein; the reactor housing is set up with at least one reaction liquid outlet at its distal end; and the first feed distributor and the hollow blade-wheel feed distributor are provided with first feed-in jetting hole(s) and second feed-in jetting hole(s), respectively. The reactor is capable of effecting instantaneously rapid mixing of two streams of fluid under a massive capacity, and improving the yield and quality of the target product.

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Номер записи: 52
18-07-2013 дата публикации

MOBILE PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL WITH ULTRASOUND

Номер: US20130180165A1
Автор: Brasil Alex Noqueira
Принадлежит: BIOMINAS ENGENHARIA E INDUTRIA DE ENERGIA LTDA.

A portable production system for biodiesel production is contained within a rolling chassis. A reactor connected to the rolling chassis includes a transparent reaction vessel which houses ultrasonic transducers arranged to disperse ultrasonic energy to a biodiesel precursor, to promote a transesterification reaction of vegetable oil and or animal fat. A mechanical stirrer, also disposed within the reaction vessel, stirs the reactants. A heater, likewise disposed within the reaction vessel, has at least one cover shaped to change a flow of reactants within the reactor vessel as they are stirred by the stirrer. 1. A portable production system for biodiesel production , comprising: a reaction vessel;', 'one or more ultrasonic transducers disposed within the reaction vessel configured to subject a biodiesel precursor to ultrasonic radiation to promote a transesterification reaction of vegetable oil and or animal fat;', 'a heater; and', 'a mechanical stirrer., 'a reactor including'}2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system is supported by a chassis having a plurality of casters claim 1 , and fittings for lifting of said chassis.3. The system of claim 1 , further including:one or more pumps for changing air pressure;one or more pumps for liquid;a tank for holding a recovered reactant;a tank for holding biodiesel produced.4. The system of claim 1 , further including a dry wash purification column.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the one or more ultrasonic transducers are piezoelectric transducers.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the one or more ultrasonic transducers are submerged within the reaction vessel.7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the one or more ultrasonic transducers are contained within a housing.8. The system of claim 7 , wherein the housing is fabricated with titanium.9. The system of claim 6 , wherein the one or more ultrasonic transducers include a plurality of ultrasonic transducers arranged at an angle with respect to each other claim 6 , to ...

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Номер записи: 53
18-07-2013 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR REDUCING TRAPPED ENERGETIC PROTON OR ENERGETIC ELECTRON FLUX AT LOW EARTH ORBITS

Номер: US20130181145A1
Автор: PAPADOPOULOS Konstantinos
Принадлежит: BAE Systems Information and Electronic Systems Integration Inc.

A system and method for improving the survivability of space systems following a High Altitude Nuclear Explosion (HANE) incident resulting in energetic electrons being trapped in the inner radiation belt of Earth is disclosed. The ULF electromagnetic waves is generated by space or ground based transmitters and the frequency range is selected such that the injected waves are in gyrofrequency resonance with trapped energetic particles. The Radiation Belt Remediation (RBR) depends on the wave-number of the injected waves and the wave-number of the injected waves increases along their propagation path when they approach the cyclotron frequency of the dominant or minority ions 0, He and H. 1. A method for improving the survivability of space systems following a High Altitude Nuclear Explosion (HANE) incident resulting in energetic electrons being trapped in the inner radiation belt of Earth comprising the steps of:generating electromagnetic waves using at least one transmitter;injecting said electromagnetic waves to Earth's radiation belts;selecting frequency range of said electromagnetic waves;ensuring said electromagnetic waves in gyro frequency resonance with trapped protons of energy between 10 and 100 Mev and relativistic electrons with MeV energy.2. The method of wherein said electromagnetic waves comprise Ultra-Low Frequency (ULF) electromagnetic waves.3. The method of wherein Radiation Belt Remediation (RBR) depends on the wave-number Kof the injected waves.4. The method of wherein the wave-number of the injected waves increases along their propagation path when they approach the cyclotron frequency of the dominant or minority ions.5. The method of wherein the dominant or minority ions are 0 claim 4 , Heand H.6. The method of wherein energetic electrons satisfy a resonant condition which becomes{'br': None, 'i': 'k', 'sub': z', 'z', 'e, 'ω−ν=−Ω/γ\u2003\u2003Equation 7'}7. The method of wherein{'sub': 'e', 'claim-text': {'br': None, 'i': 'k', 'sub': z', 'e', 'z, ...

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Номер записи: 54
25-07-2013 дата публикации

Synthesis of Silicon Nanocrystals by Laser Pyrolysis

Номер: US20130189161A1
Автор: Herlin-Boime Nathalie, Lacour Frederic, Sublemontier Olivier
Принадлежит: Commissariat a I'energie atomique

The invention relates to the synthesis of silicon-containing nanoparticles by laser pyrolysis. For this purpose: a precursor (SIH) containing the element silicon is conveyed, by a transport fluid (He), into a pyrolysis reactor (REAC); laser radiation (LAS) is applied, in the reactor, to a mixture that the transport fluid and the precursor form; and silicon-containing nanoparticles (nP) are recovered at the exit of the reactor. In particular, the power of the laser radiation is controlled. Furthermore, the effective pulse duration is controlled within a laser firing period. Typically, for a power greater than 500 watts and a pulse duration greater than 40% of a laser firing period, nanoparticles having a crystalline structure with a size of less than or of the order of one nanometer are obtained at a rate greater than or of the order of 80 milligrams per hour. Under optimum conditions, a record rate of greater than 740 milligrams per hour was able to be obtained. 124-. (canceled)25. A facility for synthesizing silicon-containing nanoparticles by laser pyrolysis , including:a pyrolysis reactor;a conveying unit, for feeding via a carrier fluid the pyrolysis reactor with a precursor containing silicon;a laser source, for applying a laser radiation in the reactor to a mixture containing the carrier fluid and the precursor, wherein at least a power and an effective pulse duration in a laser firing period of said laser source is adjusted, wherein the pulse duration is adjusted from about 40% to 75% of the laser firing period;at least one rate controlling means, for controlling a rate of transit of the carrier fluid into the reactor and/or for controlling a dilution of the precursor in the carrier fluid, wherein said rate of injection is controlled from about 4 to 11 meters per second, and wherein said dilution of the precursor in the carrier fluid is controlled between 1/25 and 1/10; anda recovery unit, for recovering silicon-containing nanoparticles at an outlet of the ...

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Номер записи: 55
01-08-2013 дата публикации

Methane conversion device

Номер: US20130192974A1
Автор: Ken Kuang, Lai Qi
Принадлежит: Torrey Hills Tech LLC

Provided herein are methane conversion devices comprising a filter means (e.g., one or more filters), a circulation means (e.g., one or more circulating pumps), a reaction means (e.g., one or more reactor assemblies), a control means (e.g., central process unit, thermo-controller, UV controller, and the like), an energy supply means (e.g., ultra-violet lamp, direct sunlight, heating assembly, and the like).

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Номер записи: 56
01-08-2013 дата публикации

Water treatment device and water treatment method

Номер: US20130193087A1
Автор: Kazuhiko Kano, Kenichi Kataoka, Shigeru Senzaki, Tsuyoshi Moriya, Youichi Shimanuki
Принадлежит: Tokyo Electron Ltd

Provided is a water treatment device with which organic substances contained in raw water to be treated are decomposed to thereby alleviate the load to be imposed on a downstream filter and with which it is possible to avoid corrosion of the piping or the like. The water treatment device 12 includes a large-bore channel 22 , a small-bore channel 23 , and a pressure pump 24 which pressurize raw water 15 a to a given pressure, the raw water containing organic substances, and further includes a laser light source 25 and a condensing lens 26 which irradiates laser light 37 upon the pressurized raw water 15 a to heat the raw water to a given temperature, wherein the laser light 27 emitted from the laser light source 25 is condensed by the condensing lens 26 on a region 29 that is located in the small-bore channel 23 through which the pressurized raw water 15 a flows and that is separated from the wall of the channel, thereby heating the raw water 15 a present in this region 29 and yielding supercritical water or subcritical water to decompose the organic substances contained in the raw water 15 a.

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Номер записи: 57
01-08-2013 дата публикации

Microwave and radio frequency material processing

Номер: US20130195726A1
Автор: Philip Joseph Norton
Принадлежит: QUANTUM WAVE PTY LTD

An apparatus for processing of material, the apparatus comprising: a compartment for accommodating said material during processing, said compartment having at least one wall, an inlet for receiving the material to be processed and an outlet for material once processed to exit the compartment; and a radiation source for directing electromagnetic radiation into the compartment through a portion of the compartment wall that is at least partially transparent to the radiation, the radiation being microwave or radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic radiation; wherein the apparatus is configured to place at least some of the material in the compartment in contact with the at least partially transparent portion of the compartment wall through which the radiation is admitted to the compartment.

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Номер записи: 58
08-08-2013 дата публикации

Controlling Chemical Reactions by Spectral Chemistry and Spectral Conditioning

Номер: US20130199922A1
Автор: Blum Beatley J., Brooks Juliana H. J., Mortenson Mark G.
Принадлежит:

This invention relates to novel methods for affecting, controlling and/or directing various reactions and/or reaction pathways or systems by exposing one or more components in a holoreaction system to at least one spectral energy pattern. In a first aspect of the invention, at least one spectral energy pattern can be applied to a reaction system. In a second aspect of the invention, at least one spectral energy conditioning pattern can be applied to a conditioning reaction system. The spectral energy conditioning pattern can, for example, be applied at a separate location from the reaction vessel (e.g., in a conditioning reaction vessel) or can be applied in (or to) the reaction vessel, but prior to other reaction system participants being introduced into the reaction vessel. 16-. (canceled)7. A method for increasing the rate of change of pH in a solute/solvent reaction system with a conditioned participant comprising:applying conditioning targeting sodium electromagnetic radiation to at least one conditionable participant comprising water, to result in the water becoming a conditioned participant; andadding a salt solute to said conditioned participant, whereby the increase in rate of change of measured pH for a period of time from 2 minutes after adding said solute to 40 minutes after adding said solute is greater than the increase of rate of change of measured pH in an unconditioned water/salt solute reaction system.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein said solute comprises sodium chloride.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein said salt dissolves in said conditioned participant in an amount which is at least about 3% more in said conditioned participant relative to unconditioned water.10. The method of claim 7 , wherein said conditioning targeting comprises a sodium lamp.11. The method of claim 10 , wherein said water is conditioned by said sodium lamp.12. The method of claim 7 , wherein said pH of said unconditioned water/salt solute reaction system is less than 6 ...

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Номер записи: 59
15-08-2013 дата публикации

System and Method for Renewable Fuel Using Sealed Reaction Chambers

Номер: US20130205650A1
Автор: Strimling Jon
Принадлежит:

The system and method described herein provide for the higher production rate fractionation of biomass for the purpose of selectively separating specific volatile components, which may subsequently be used in the production of a renewable liquid fuel, such as gasoline. Increased production rates of processing of biomass or other feedstock is achieved through the use of sealed reaction chambers, which may be transferred in a sealed configuration between stations in a multi-station processing system. Also, the present invention considers the use of piston assemblies for the dual functions of controlling fluid intake and exhaust (in combination with valves) and for providing a more robust and more cost effective sealing mechanism. The present invention may also achieve improved uniformity of biomass processing through the introduction of a mechanical agitator designed to mix the biomass during processing. 1163-. (canceled)164. A method of fractionating a biomass comprising:dispensing the biomass into at least one reaction chamber;injecting a working fluid into the at least one reaction chamber;subjecting the biomass to at least one specified temperature and pressure profile; andselectively collecting volatile compounds as they are released.165. The method of claim 164 , further comprising agitating the biomass.166. The method of claim 164 , wherein subjecting includes incrementing at least one of the temperature or pressure based on a measurement of at least one of time claim 164 , pressure claim 164 , and working fluid composition.167. The method of claim 164 , wherein the temperature profile is incremented over a range of times claim 164 , pressures or local working gas compositions.168. The method of claim 164 , further comprising subjecting the volatile compounds collected through a series of catalysts to produce at least one renewable fuel.169. The method of claim 164 , wherein the reaction chamber has a variable volume and the volume can be controlled during ...

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Номер записи: 60
22-08-2013 дата публикации

APPARATUS FOR TREATING A CELLULOSIC FEEDSTOCK

Номер: US20130213390A1
Автор: Burke Murray J., Hillier Sunalie N.
Принадлежит: MASCOMA CANADA INC.

An apparatus for pre-treating a cellulosic feedstock are disclosed. Embodiments of the apparatus comprise a shell defining a treatment chamber having a lower inner surface. The treatment chamber has an inlet and an outlet spaced longitudinally apart from the inlet to define an axial length. A conveyance member is housed within the shell and is configured to sweep the lower inner surface. A plurality of injection ports are provided in at least one of the shell and the conveyance member. 1. An apparatus for treating a cellulosic fiber feedstock , comprising:a) a shell defining a treatment chamber having a lower inner surface, the shell having an inlet and an outlet spaced longitudinally apart from the inlet to define an axial length;b) a conveyance member housed within the shell and configured to sweep the lower inner surface; and,c) a plurality of injection ports provided in at least one of the shell and the conveyance member.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of injection ports comprises about 1 to 20 injection ports.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of injection ports are positioned along at least a first portion of the axial length of the shell claim 1 , the first portion extending from the inlet towards the outlet.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the conveyance member comprises at least a first rotary shaft and a plurality of paddles joined to the first shaft and extending radially outwardly therefrom.5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the paddles and the lower inner surface are configured to maintain a minimum space between the paddles and the lower inner surface of less than 6.5 mm.6. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the paddles comprise blades claim 4 , and the blades are generally planar members claim 4 , having a radially inner edge attached to stem claim 4 , a radially outer edge opposite the radially inner edge claim 4 , and opposing first and second side edges extending between the radially inner and outer ...

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Номер записи: 61
22-08-2013 дата публикации

Hydrogen Passivation Induced Dispersion of Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene

Номер: US20130216732A1
Автор: Li Xiaodong
Принадлежит: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA

Methods for dispersing carbon nanoparticles in a media (e.g., an alcohol such as ethanol, a resin such as an epoxy, etc.) are generally provided. The method can include: immersing the carbon nanoparticles into the media, and ultrasonicating the media containing the carbon nanoparticles in the presence of hydrogen gas source. The carbon nanoparticles have dangling bonds on the surface of the carbon nanoparticles, such that the dangling bonds on the surface of adjacent carbon nanoparticles are covelantly bonded to each other. Upon ultrasonicating the media containing the carbon nanoparticles in the presence of hydrogen gas source (e.g., hydrogen gas), the dangling bonds on the surface of the carbon nanoparticles are replaced with carbon-hydrogen bonds. 1. A method of dispersing carbon nanoparticles in a media , each carbon nanoparticle defining a surface having a dangling bond , the method comprising:immersing the carbon nanoparticles into the media, wherein the carbon nanoparticles comprise dangling bonds on the surface of the carbon nanoparticles, and wherein the dangling bonds on the surface of adjacent carbon nanoparticles are covelantly bonded to each other; andultrasonicating the media containing the carbon nanoparticles in the presence of hydrogen gas source to replace the dangling bonds on the surface of the carbon nanoparticles with carbon-hydrogen bonds.2. The method as in claim 1 , wherein ultrasonicating the media containing the carbon nanoparticles comprises irradiating the media containing the carbon nanoparticles with sound waves having a frequency and a power sufficient to break van der Waals force interaction between adjacent carbon nanoparticles.3. The method as in claim 2 , wherein ultrasonicating the media containing the carbon nanoparticles comprises irradiating the media containing the carbon nanoparticles with sound waves having a frequency and a power sufficient to break interaction of dangling bonds between adjacent carbon nanoparticles.4. The ...

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Номер записи: 62
29-08-2013 дата публикации

High Concentration NO2 Generating System and Method for Generating High Concentration NO2 Using the Generating System

Номер: US20130220793A1
Автор: Hayashi Hirofumi, HIROSE Tomoyuki, Iwasaki Ryuichi, Kim Joongsoo, Koo Jae-Mo, Lee Sang Hun, Masuda Shigeru, Matsuuchi Hidetaka, Mike Masaaki, Tanibata Toru, Way Andrew, Weihe Orion
Принадлежит: SAIAN CORPORATION

A high concentration NOgas generating system including a circulating path configured by connecting a chamber, a plasma generator, and a circulating means, wherein NOis generated by circulating a gas mixture including nitrogen and oxygen in the circulating path is provided. The high concentration NOgas generating system provides a high concentration NOgenerating system and the high concentration NOgenerating method using the generating system by which NOof high concentration (approximately 500 ppm or above) required for a high level of sterilization process in such as sterilization of medical instruments can be simply and selectively obtained. In addition, since indoor air is used as an ingredient, the management of ingredients is simple and highly safe, and the high concentration of NOcan be simply and selectively prepared on demand. 18-. (canceled)9. A method for generating high concentration NO , comprising circulating an NOx gas mixture in a circulating path formed by a chamber , a plasma generator , and a circulating means until NOconcentration reaches 500 ppm to 100 ,000 ppm by using a high concentration NOgas generating system comprising:a circulating path configured by connecting a chamber, a plasma generator, and a circulating means;{'sub': '2', 'wherein NOis generated by circulating a gas mixture including nitrogen and oxygen in the circulating path.'}10. The method for generating high concentration NOaccording to claim 9 , wherein ambient air is employed for the gas mixture.11. The method for generating high concentration NOaccording to claim 9 , wherein dry air with a dew point from 0 to −90° C. is used for the gas mixture.12. The method for generating high concentration NOaccording to claim 9 , wherein an internal pressure of a plasma generating portion of said plasma generator is from 20 to 90 kPa (absolute pressure).13. The method for generating high concentration NOaccording to claim 9 , wherein a pressure difference between atmospheric pressure and ...

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Номер записи: 63
29-08-2013 дата публикации

Nanofluid coolant

Номер: US20130221267A1
Автор: Jyothirmayee Aravind SASIDHARANNAIR SASIKALADEVI, Sundara Ramaprabhu
Принадлежит: INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY MADRAS

Technologies are generally described for forming a nanofluid coolant and structures including a nanofluid coolant. In an example, a method of forming a nanofluid coolant may comprise combining a compound with an acid and with purified water to form a solution. The compound may include manganese. The method may further include heating the solution and, after heating the solution, cooling the solution effective to form at least one precipitate that includes manganese and oxygen. The method may further include filtering the at least one precipitate to form a powder that includes manganese oxide nanotubes. The method may further include functionalizing the nanotubes by irradiating them with UV radiation. The method may further include combining the functionalized manganese oxide nanotubes with a polar solvent to form the nanofluid coolant.

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Номер записи: 64
29-08-2013 дата публикации

Silicon/germanium nanoparticle inks, laser pyrolysis reactors for the synthesis of nanoparticles and associated methods

Номер: US20130221286A1
Автор: Bernard M. Frey, Gina Elizabeth Pengra-Leung, Guojun Liu, Igor Altman, Robert B. Lynch, Shivkumar Chiruvolu, Uma Srinivasan, Weidong Li
Принадлежит: Nanogram Corp

Laser pyrolysis reactor designs and corresponding reactant inlet nozzles are described to provide desirable particle quenching that is particularly suitable for the synthesis of elemental silicon particles. In particular, the nozzles can have a design to encourage nucleation and quenching with inert gas based on a significant flow of inert gas surrounding the reactant precursor flow and with a large inert entrainment flow effectively surrounding the reactant precursor and quench gas flows. Improved silicon nanoparticle inks are described that has silicon nanoparticles without any surface modification with organic compounds. The silicon ink properties can be engineered for particular printing applications, such as inkjet printing, gravure printing or screen printing. Appropriate processing methods are described to provide flexibility for ink designs without surface modifying the silicon nanoparticles.

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Номер записи: 65
29-08-2013 дата публикации

Novel carbon nanotube and production method therefor

Номер: US20130224483A1
Автор: Kazuo Muramatsu
Принадлежит: Incubation Alliance Inc

The present invention provides CNT, in particular CNT having inherent properties thereof, which has a thin wall and does not form a bundle, and an efficient production method of the CNT. The method is for producing CNT, the whole length or a part thereof is compressed to form a band, said method comprises preparing a powdery and/or particulate material of an organic compound pre-baked to an extent of containing remaining hydrogen and allowed to carry a catalyst, which may be a transition metal, other metal or other element, thereon; charging the powdery and/or particulate material of the organic compound in a closed vessel made of a heat resistant material; and subjecting the powdery and/or particulate material of the organic compound together with the vessel to hot isostatic pressing treatment using a compressed gas atmosphere, wherein a maximum ultimate temperature at the hot isostatic pressing treatment is 750 to 1200° C.

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Номер записи: 66
05-09-2013 дата публикации

MICROWAVE-ASSISTED PEPTIDE SYNTHESIS

Номер: US20130228449A1
Автор: COLLINS JONATHAN MCKINNON, COLLINS MICHAEL JOHN, LAMBERT JOSEPH JOSHUA
Принадлежит: CEM CORPORATION

An instrument and method for accelerating the solid phase synthesis of peptides are disclosed. The method includes the steps of deprotecting a protected first amino acid linked to a solid phase resin by admixing the protected linked acid with a deprotecting solution in a microwave transparent vessel while irradiating the admixed acid and solution with microwaves, activating a second amino acid, coupling the second amino acid to the first acid while irradiating the composition in the same vessel with microwaves, and cleaving the linked peptide from the solid phase resin by admixing the linked peptide with a cleaving composition in the same vessel while irradiating the composition with microwaves. 1. A process for the solid phase synthesis of peptides , which comprises:deprotecting a first amino acid linked to solid phase resin particles selected from the group consisting of Wang resins, Trityl resins and Rink resins by removing protective chemical groups from the first acid;activating chemical groups on a second amino acid to prepare the second amino acid for coupling with the first amino acid;coupling the activated second amino acid to the deprotected first amino acid to form a peptide from the first and second amino acids;accelerating at least the deprotecting and coupling steps by applying microwave energy during the deprotecting and coupling steps; andsuccessively deprotecting, and coupling a plurality of amino acids into a peptide in the single microwave transparent vessel without removing the peptide from the single vessel between cycles.2. A process according to comprising cleaving the peptide from the solid phase resin particles while applying microwave energy to accelerate the cleaving step.3. A process according to comprising agitating the amino acids and peptide with nitrogen gas.4. A process according to comprising transferring solid phase resin particles between a resin source external to a single microwave transparent vessel and into the microwave ...

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Номер записи: 67
12-09-2013 дата публикации

System and methods for determining molecules using mass spectrometry and related techniques

Номер: US20130233700A1
Автор: Derek M. Stein
Принадлежит: BROWN UNIVERSITY

The present invention generally relates to mass spectrometry and related techniques, and in some cases, to determining single species using mass spectrometry. In certain instances, polymers such as DNA or RNA can also be sequenced. Certain embodiments of the invention relate to passing a polymer, such as DNA, RNA, a protein, a polypeptide, a polysaccharide, etc., through a pore and cleaving the polymer in sequence. For instance, the polymer may be cleaved using a laser or an electric field. In some embodiments, a property of at least one subunit of a polymer is determined using mass spectrometry. In some embodiments, a single ion (which may be a subunit of a polymer, or an ion based on another species) can be isolated in a mass spectrometer and a signal generated from the single ion.

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Номер записи: 68
12-09-2013 дата публикации

IRRADIATION DEVICE

Номер: US20130234049A1
Автор: Linow Sven
Принадлежит: HERAEUS NOBLELIGHT GMBH

An irradiation device is provided having a housing having an interior chamber and an infrared emitter arranged therein. The infrared emitter has an emitter tube made of high silica content glass having a round cross section and a defined outer diameter. Electrical connection elements are made of a metallic material and led out from the emitter tube through a seal. In order to provide the emitter with a long service life and potentially higher output, which is also suitable for being enclosed by a seal that separates the regions of different media, temperatures, or pressures, the emitter tube end also has a round cross section and the defined outer diameter. Between the electrical connection element and the emitter tube there is a seal containing at least one transition glass, which has a thermal expansion coefficient lying between that of the metallic material and that of the high silica content glass. 117.-. (canceled)185127234213828113128281342. An irradiation device comprising a housing () having an interior chamber and an infrared emitter (; ) arranged therein , the emitter having an emitter tube () made of a high silica content glass , having a circular cross section and defined outer diameter , and having a linear or coil-shaped heating filament () arranged therein , the filament being provided with electrical connection elements () made of a metallic material , the connection elements being guided out from the emitter tube () through a seal () , the emitter tube having two ends , at least one of which ends (; ) extends into an outer space separated in a fluid-tight way from the interior chamber by a sealing element (; ) contacting the emitter tube () on the outside , wherein the at least one emitter tube end (; ) also has a circular cross section and the defined outer diameter , and wherein a seal () is provided between the electrical connection element () and the emitter tube () , the seal comprising at least one transition glass having a thermal expansion ...

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Номер записи: 69
19-09-2013 дата публикации

Loss profile analysis

Номер: US20130240757A1
Автор: Alexander Bilchinsky, Amit Rappel, Eran Ben-Shmuel, Pinchas Einziger
Принадлежит: Individual

Apparatuses and methods are disclosed for applying radio frequency (RF) energy to an object in an energy application zone. At least one processor may be configured to cause RF energy to be applied at a plurality of electromagnetic field patterns to the object in the energy application zone. The processor may be further configured to determine an amount of power dissipated in the energy application zone, for each of the plurality of field patterns. The processor may also be configured to determine a spatial distribution of energy absorption characteristics across at least a portion of the energy application zone based on the amounts of power dissipated when the plurality of field patterns are applied to the energy application zone.

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Номер записи: 70
19-09-2013 дата публикации

HIGH SHEAR HYDROGENATION OF WAX AND OIL MIXTURES

Номер: US20130243671A1
Автор: Anthony Rayford G., Borsinger Gregory G., HASSAN Abbas, Hassan Aziz
Принадлежит: H R D Corporation

A system for producing enhanced wax alternatives, including a high shear device comprising a rotor and a stator, and configured to process petroleum wax and base oil with a hydrogen-containing gas under shearing conditions to form a feedstock, wherein at least one of the rotor and the stator comprises a toothed surface; and a reactor comprising a reactor inlet and a reactor outlet, and configured for hydrogenation of the feedstock for a time sufficient to produce enhanced hydrogenated products, wherein the high shear device is in fluid communication with the reactor, whereby the feedstock is transferable therebetween. 1. A system for producing enhanced wax alternatives , the system comprising:a high shear device comprising a rotor and a stator, wherein the high shear device is configured to process petroleum wax and base oil with a hydrogen-containing gas under shearing conditions to form a feedstock, and wherein at least one of the rotor and the stator comprises a toothed surface; anda reactor comprising a reactor inlet and a reactor outlet, and configured for hydrogenation of the feedstock for a time sufficient to produce enhanced hydrogenated products,wherein the high shear device is in fluid communication with the reactor, whereby the feedstock is transferable therebetween.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the high shear device comprises at least one catalytic surface.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the rotor and the stator are separated by a shear gap claim 1 , wherein the shear gap is the minimum distance between the rotor and the stator claim 1 , and wherein the shear gap is in the range of from about 0.0254 mm to about 3.175 mm.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the high shear device is configured to provide a shear rate in the range of from about 20 claim 1 ,000 sto about 1 claim 1 ,600 claim 1 ,000 s.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the feedstock comprises gas bubbles with an average bubble diameter of less than about 5 μm.6. The system of claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 71
19-09-2013 дата публикации

Method and system for acoustically treating material

Номер: US20130244242A1
Автор: James A. Laugharn, Jr., Xiaoyin He
Принадлежит: Covaris LLC

Methods and systems for acoustically treating material using a continuous process in which material may be caused to flow in a continuous or intermittent fashion into/out of an acoustic treatment chamber where the material is exposed to focused acoustic energy. The methods and systems may be arranged to permit continuous processing for extended periods while an acoustic energy source operates at a relatively high power output. Treatment chambers may include features such as an acoustic window, a heat exchanger, inlet/outlet flow arrangements, an inspection window, insert elements that define a treatment volume size or shape, etc. Treatment system configurations relating to arrangements of a treatment chamber relative to an acoustic source and coupling medium, material flow paths, and others are provided.

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Номер записи: 72
19-09-2013 дата публикации

Method and system for acoustically treating material

Номер: US20130244285A1
Автор: Carl Beckett, James A. Laugharn, Jr., Xiaoyin He
Принадлежит: Covaris LLC

Methods and systems for acoustically treating material using a continuous process in which material may be caused to flow in a continuous or intermittent fashion into/out of an acoustic treatment chamber where the material is exposed to focused acoustic energy. The methods and systems may be arranged to permit continuous processing for extended periods while an acoustic energy source operates at a relatively high power output. Treatment chambers may include features such as an acoustic window, a heat exchanger, inlet/outlet flow arrangements, an inspection window, insert elements that define a treatment volume size or shape, etc. Treatment system configurations relating to arrangements of a treatment chamber relative to an acoustic source and coupling medium, material flow paths, and others are provided.

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Номер записи: 73
03-10-2013 дата публикации

CARBON NANTUBE SYNTHESIZING APPARATUS

Номер: US20130259763A1
Автор: Kato Ryogo, Kawarada Hiroshi, Nikawa Hidefumi, Ohashi Toshiyuki, OHTA Masahiro, Tokune Toshio
Принадлежит:

A carbon nanotube synthesizing apparatus in which the state of generated plasma can be stabilized is provided. A carbon nanotube synthesizing apparatus comprises a chamber an antenna including a tip , a microwave conductor a gas introducing unit a gas discharging unit a substrate holding unit and a heating unit The shape of the inner wall of the chamber is symmetrical with respect to the tip of the antenna 1. A carbon nanotube synthesizing apparatus comprising:a chamber;an antenna which is provided under a central portion of a ceiling of the chamber and comprises a tip configured to generate plasma;a microwave conductor which is provided in the central portion of the ceiling of the chamber and is configured to conduct a microwave to the antenna, the microwave forming a standing wave by being reflected by the tip of the antenna;a gas introducing unit configured to introduce gas to the chamber;a gas discharging unit configured to discharge gas from the chamber;a substrate holding unit configured to hold a substrate for carbon nanotube synthesis in the chamber;a position adjusting unit configured to adjust a position of the substrate for carbon nanotube synthesis to a position at a distance from an antenna in the chamber, the distance allowing the substrate for carbon nanotube synthesis to avoid being attacked by an ion that is generated as a by-product of a radical generated by plasma generated at the antenna and to be reached by the radical kept in a radical state; anda heating unit configured to heat the substrate for carbon nanotube synthesis held by the substrate holding unit,wherein a shape of an inner wall of the chamber is symmetrical with respect to the tip of the antenna.2. The carbon nanotube synthesizing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a value of R/r claim 1 , which is a ratio of an inner diameter R of the chamber to an outer diameter r of the antenna claim 1 , is in a range of 10 to 40 claim 1 , where R is the inner diameter of the chamber and r ...

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Номер записи: 74
10-10-2013 дата публикации

CONVERSION OF CARBON DIOXIDE INTO USEFUL ORGANIC PRODUCTS BY USING PLASMA TECHNOLOGY

Номер: US20130264187A1
Автор: Chang Chun-Chih, Chang Yi-Hsin, Yang Arnold Chang-Mou
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a method of conversion of carbon dioxide into organic products using plasma technology comprising the steps of (a) providing a reaction chamber; (b) introducing a counterpart molecule and carbon dioxide into the reaction chamber; (c) initiating a plasma in the reaction chamber; and (d) converting the carbon dioxide into organic products, wherein the organic products do not contain formic acid and formaldehyde, and wherein the counterpart molecule consists of water molecule. 1. A method of conversion of carbon dioxide into organic products using plasma technology comprising the steps of:(a) providing a reaction chamber;(b) introducing a counterpart molecule and carbon dioxide into the reaction chamber;(c) initiating a plasma in the reaction chamber; and(d) converting the carbon dioxide into organic products, wherein the organic products do not contain formic acid and formaldehyde,and wherein the counterpart molecule consists of water molecule.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the water molecule is vaporized in the reaction chamber by heating claim 1 , with plasma assistance or a combination of both.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the water molecule is vaporized outside the reaction chamber and the vapor is introduced into the reaction chamber directly.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the water molecule is injected directly or introduced into the reaction chamber by carrier gas.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reaction chamber is of glass claim 1 , metallic materials claim 1 , ceramics or polymers.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the chamber pressure is 0.01˜760 torr.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plasma is low pressure plasma or atmosphere plasma.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the low pressure plasma is capacitively coupled plasma or inductively coupled plasma.9. The method of wherein the atmosphere plasma is electron beam discharge claim 7 , corona discharge or dielectric discharge.10. The method of claim 1 ...

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Номер записи: 75
10-10-2013 дата публикации

DEVICE FOR GENERATING THZ RADIATION WITH FREE ELECTRON BEAMS

Номер: US20130264500A1
Автор: Koops Hans W. P.
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a device for generating electromagnetic THz radiation with free electron beams, comprising a dynatron tube, where the dynatron tube comprises an electron source, an extraction grid, and, an anode preferably coated with a material composition for high secondary electron emission, arranged in vacuum. The dynatron tube is connected to a voltage supply supplying an extractor voltage and an anode voltage and the extractor voltage is higher than the anode voltage. An oscillator modulates the anode voltage and the anode voltage is set to a work point voltage. 118-. (canceled)19104060105150545678190192. Device ( , , , , ) for generating electromagnetic THz radiation with free electron beams ( , , , , ) , comprising:{'b': 26', '47', '66', '196, 'an oscillator (, , , ) supplying an alternating oscillator voltage with a frequency from 0.1 THz to 10 THz, said frequency corresponds to a wavelength of 300 μm to 3 μm;'}{'b': 22', '99', '130', '180, 'a dynatron tube (, , , );'}{'b': 22', '99', '130', '12', '58', '72', '76', '96', '124', '14', '14', '68', '64', '82', '16', '46', '70', '84', '102, 'said dynatron tube (, , ) comprises: an electron source (, , , , , ,); an extraction grid (, , , , ); and, an anode (, , , , ) preferably coated with a material composition for high secondary electron emission;'}{'b': 22', '99', '130', '180, 'said dynatron tube (, , , ) is arranged in a vacuum;'}{'b': 24', '52, 'a voltage supply (, );'}{'b': 22', '99', '130', '180', '24', '52', '12', '58', '72', '76', '96', '124', '14', '44', '20', '68', '64', '82, 'said dynatron tube (, , , ) is connected to said voltage supply (, ), said voltage supply providing an extractor voltage between said electron source (, , , , , ) and said extraction grid (, , , , );'}a voltage divider;a work point voltage extracted from said voltage divider;said work point voltage is combined with said oscillator voltage to supply an anode voltage;{'b': 12', '58', '72', '76', '96', '124', '16', '46', ' ...

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Номер записи: 76
17-10-2013 дата публикации

Ultraviolet Pretreatment Device

Номер: US20130270996A1
Автор: Deyuan Qin, Fengxi Zheng, Jianping Ye, Jixin Liu, Liqian Zhao, Qi Zhou
Принадлежит: Beijing Titan Instruments Co Ltd

The Ultraviolet pretreatment device in the present invention relates to an interface technique in the field of coupling technology for the analysis of chemical element species. The objective is to provide an Ultraviolet pretreatment device with simple structure, enhanced UV illuminance, and high digestion efficiency. The Ultraviolet pretreatment device in the present invention comprises a low pressure Mercury lamp and a quartz tube, wherein, the low pressure Mercury lamp comprises a lamp tube, electrodes and a power source. The quartz tube is located within the lamp tube, the two ends of the quartz tube are fixedly and respectively joined with the tube wall of the lamp tube, the inner wall of the lamp tube and the outer wall of the quartz tube form a sealed gas chamber, and the electrodes are located in the gas chamber.

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Номер записи: 77
31-10-2013 дата публикации

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR OBTAINING THE MIXTURE OF OXYGEN AND HYDROGEN BY THE ACTION OF UV RADIATION ON MICRO-CRYSTALS OF ICE WATER

Номер: US20130283691A1
Автор: Cosic Drago
Принадлежит: Mario Rendulic

Present invention refers to a device and method for obtaining a mixture of hydrogen Hz and oxygen Oz through the activity of UV radiation on ice microcrystals. The device comprises a source of UV radiation (); optical fibre () via which the UV radiation is directed from the source of the UV radiation () towards the chamber () containing the ice microcrystals subjected to the activity of the UV rays; internal chamber () in which water vapour is introduced via an injector, in which the internal chamber () is situated within the chamber () from which it is separated by longitudinal barriers (); a rotating hollow cylinder () around whose perimeter fibres () are distributed, cooling device () that provides ice microcrystals on the fibres (), where the cooling device () is placed within the rotating hollow cylinder () and the outflow () for the gaseous Oz and Hz towards the feeder. The said device and method are used for obtaining a mixture of hydrogen Hz and oxygen Oz for driving an internal combustion engine, gas turbine or steam generator as an additional fuel. 123210661095474758. A device for obtaining the mixture of hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) through the activity of UV radiation on ice microcrystals , characterized by that it comprises a source of UV radiation (); optical fibre () via which the UV radiation is directed from the source of the UV radiation () towards the chamber () containing the ice microcrystals subjected to the activity of the UV rays; internal chamber () in which water vapour is introduced via an injector , in which the internal chamber () is situated within the chamber () from which it is separated by longitudinal barriers (); a rotating hollow cylinder () around whose perimeter fibres () are distributed; cooling device () that provides formation of ice microcrystals on the fibres () where the cooling device () is placed within the rotating hollow cylinder (); and the outlet pipe () for leading the gaseous Oand Htowards the feeder.2210. The ...

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Номер записи: 78
31-10-2013 дата публикации

Device for irradiating substrate material in the form of a sheet or web and uses thereof

Номер: US20130284946A1
Автор: Johannes Georg Schaede
Принадлежит: KBA Notasys SA

A device for irradiating substrate material (S) in the form of a sheet or web in a sheet-fed or web-fed processing system, especially in a sheet-fed or web-fed processing or printing press. The device comprises at least one flexible light-emitting sheet ( 10 ) for producing radiation of a desired wavelength or wavelength band, which light-emitting sheet ( 10 ) is disposed along a path of the substrate material (S) to subject the substrate material (S) to said radiation. The flexible light-emitting sheet ( 10 ) is preferably an organic light-emitting device (OLED) sheet.

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Номер записи: 79
07-11-2013 дата публикации

IRRADIATION SOURCES AND METHODS

Номер: US20130292583A1
Автор: GARCIA Andrew
Принадлежит:

Irradiating assemblies can have a housing with a reflector extending linearly parallel to a lamp. Radiation can be emitted from one opening, for example in a bottom portion of the housing, as well as from another opening, for example a side opening in the housing. Irradiating assemblies can also have first and second reflector portions at angles with respect to each other wherein radiation is reflected out of a housing that does not have an end reflector. Irradiating assemblies can be configured to have cooling flow openings in side walls so that cooling fluid such as air can flow between the side walls and adjacent surfaces of a reflector. Irradiating assemblies can incorporate lamps having first and second electrodes wherein the first and second electrodes are oriented at an angle with respect to each other. Methods of irradiating material may include irradiating a surface with emissions from a first portion of an assembly and irradiating a surface with emissions from a second portion of an assembly different from the first portion. 1. A UV curing irradiator comprising:a body including a housing;a UV lamp source within the housing for producing UV radiation;a handle on the body configured to permit holding the irradiator and to permit moving of the irradiator to a desired orientationat least one wall defining at least one opening in the housing configured relative to the lamp source to permit UV radiation from the lamp source to pass through the opening; andat least one reflector in the housing, the at least one reflector having first and second end portions, and wherein the at least one reflector is positioned relative to the UV lamp source to have a first portion parallel to a portion of the UV lamp source and to have a second portion non-parallel to the UV lamp source and wherein the first end portion of the reflector is open and an adjacent portion of the housing is open.242-. (canceled)43. A method of curing a UV curable material using a handheld UV ...

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Номер записи: 80
07-11-2013 дата публикации

Process for producing liquid crystalline polyester resin and apparatus for producing liquid crystalline polyester resin

Номер: US20130296523A1
Автор: Hideyuki Umetsu, Kunihiko Miyauchi, Michiyoshi Matsumoto
Принадлежит: TORAY INDUSTRIES INC

The present invention provides a process for producing a liquid crystalline polyester resin, wherein an acetylation reaction and an oligomerization reaction of raw materials are carried out in an acetylation reaction vessel, and then a deacetylation polycondensation of a liquid after the oligomerization reaction is carried out in a polycondensation reaction vessel, wherein the acetylation reaction vessel used is a vessel having an inner wall surface composed of an alloy containing 50% by mass or more of Ni and 10% by mass or more of Mo; and the inner wall surface of the acetylation reaction vessel is divided into three or more band-like zones arrayed in the height direction of the vessel, and the oligomerization reaction is carried out while maintaining the temperatures of each band-like zone in a particular relationship.

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Номер записи: 81
14-11-2013 дата публикации

Target substance transfer method, crystal production method, composition production method, and target substance transfer device

Номер: US20130299099A1
Автор: Hiroaki Adachi, Hiroshi Yoshikawa, Hiroyoshi Matsumura, Kazufumi Takano, Masateru Kurata, Mihoko Hirao, Ryota Murai, Satoshi Murakami, Satoshi Nakayama, Shigeru Sugiyama, Tsuyoshi Inoue, Yoshinori Takahashi, Yusuke Mori
Принадлежит: Osaka University NUC

The present invention provides a target substance transfer method, a crystal production method, a composition production method, and a target substance transfer device, which allow the concentration of a target substance to be increased easily and effectively. The target substance transfer method is a method for transferring a target substance 103 from a first phase 101 that is a liquid or solid phase containing the target substance 103 to a second phase 102 including: a phase approximation step of bringing the first phase 101 and the second phase 102 into close proximity; and a bubble collapse step of forming bubbles in the vicinity of a boundary between the first phase 101 and the second phase 102 and then causing the bubbles to collapse.

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Номер записи: 82
14-11-2013 дата публикации

PHOTOCHEMICAL PROCESS FOR PRODUCING ARTEMISININ

Номер: US20130299338A1
Автор: DHAINAUT Jildaz, Dlubala Alain, Guevel Ronan, Medard Alain, Oddon Gilles, Raymond Nicolas, Turconi Joel
Принадлежит:

Provided is a new photochemical process for preparing artemisinin. Also provided are certain dihydroartemisinic acid derivatives useful for preparing artemisinin. 3. The process according to or , characterized in that the at least one organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of alcohols , chlorinated solvents , ketones , sulfoxides , nitriles , N ,N-disubstituted amines , esters , nitrogenated heterocycles , ethers , alkanes , aromatic solvents , and mixtures thereof.4. The process according to any one of to , characterized in that the at least one organic solvent is dichloromethane.5. The process according to any one of to , characterized in that the polar solvent is used in a ratio of about 4 to 20 volumes with respect to the dihydroartemisinic acid derivative of formula (I) or (Ia).6. The process according to any one of to , characterized in that the photosensitizer is selected from Rose bengal , tetraphenylporphyrin , tetraphenylporphyrin derivatives , tetramethylthionine chloride (methylene blue) and toluidine blue.7. The process according to any one of to , characterized in that the photosensitizer is used in a molar ratio of about 0.000001 to 1 equivalent with respect to the dihydroartemisinic acid derivative of formula (I) or (Ia).8. The process according to any one of to , characterized in that the mixture comprises an acid catalyst.9. The process according to any one of to , characterized in that the acid catalyst is present in an amount of 0.5 equivalent per equivalent of compound of formula (I) or (Ia).10. The process according to any one of to , characterized in the acid catalyst is a protic acid.11. The process according to any one of to , characterized in that the acid catalyst is trifluoroacetic acid.12. The process according to any one of to , characterized in that it comprises the steps of:{'claim-ref': [{'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, {'@idref': 'CLM-00002', '2'}], 'preparing a mixture comprising (i) a dihydroartemisinic acid ...

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Номер записи: 83
14-11-2013 дата публикации

Process to Produce Atomically Thin Crystals and Films

Номер: US20130302593A1
Автор: Coleman Jonathan, Lotya Mustafa, Smith Ronan
Принадлежит: The Provost, Fellows, Foudation Scholars, and the Other Members of Board of the College of the Holy

The invention provides a process for exfoliating a 3-dimensional layered material to produce a 2-dimensional material, said process comprising the steps of mixing the layered material in a water-surfactant solution to provide a mixture wherein the material and atomic structural properties of the layered material in the mixture are not altered; applying energy, for example ultrasound, to said mixture; and applying a force, for example centrifugal force, to said mixture. The invention provides a fast, simple and high yielding process for separating 3-dimensional layered materials into individual 2-dimensional layers or flakes, which do not re-aggregate, without utilising hazardous solvents. 1. A process for exfoliating a 3-dimensional layered material to produce a 2-dimensional material said process comprising the steps of:mixing the layered material in a water-surfactant solution to provide a mixture;applying energy, for example ultrasound, to said mixture; and 'wherein the material and atomic structural properties of the layered material in the mixture are not altered.', 'applying a force, for example a centrifugal force, to said mixture,'}2. A process according to claim 1 , wherein following the step of applying a force the mixture comprises a dispersion of 2-dimensional material.3. A process according to further comprising the step of allowing the formation of a thin film layer from said mixture.4. A process according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of allowing the formation of a thin film layer from said mixture and wherein the step of forming the thin film layer is formed by vacuum filtration.5. A process according to further comprising the step of coating a substrate with the mixture.6. A process according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of coating a substrate with the mixture and wherein the step of coating comprises spray coating or dip coating or Langmuir Blodgett deposition.7. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the water-surfactant ...

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Номер записи: 84
14-11-2013 дата публикации

FLUOROPOLYMER DISPERSION TREATMENT EMPLOYING ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT AND OXYGEN SOURCE TO REDUCE FLUOROPOLYMER RESIN DISCOLORATION

Номер: US20130303650A1
Автор: BROTHERS PAUL DOUGLAS, Chapman Gregory Allen, Gangal Subhash Vishnu, Khasnis Dipti Dilip, Smith Adam Paul
Принадлежит: E I DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY

Process for reducing thermally induced discoloration of fluoropolymer resin produced by polymerizing fluoromonomer in an aqueous dispersion medium to form aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion and isolating said fluoropolymer from said aqueous medium to obtain said fluoropolymer resin. The process comprises: 1. Process for reducing thermally induced discoloration of fluoropolymer resin , said fluoropolymer resin produced by polymerizing fluoromonomer in an aqueous dispersion medium to form aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion and isolating said fluoropolymer from said aqueous medium to obtain said fluoropolymer resin , said process comprising:exposing the aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion to ultraviolet light in the presence of an oxygen source.2. The process of wherein said process reduces thermally induced discoloration by at least about 10% as measured by % change in L* on the CIELAB color scale.3. The process of wherein said aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion contains hydrocarbon surfactant which causes said thermally induced discoloration.4. The process of wherein said fluoropolymer dispersion is polymerized in the presence of hydrocarbon surfactant.5. The process of wherein said oxygen source is selected from the group consisting of air claim 1 , oxygen rich gas claim 1 , ozone containing gas and hydrogen peroxide.6. The process of wherein said oxygen source comprises ozone containing gas.7. The process of wherein said oxygen source comprises hydrogen peroxide.8. The process of wherein the solids content of said dispersion during said exposing to ultraviolet light is about 2 weight % to about 30 weight %.9. The process of wherein said ultraviolet light has a wavelength in the UVC band.10. The process of wherein said exposing the aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion to ultraviolet light in the presence of an oxygen source is carried out at a temperature of about 5° C. to about 70° C.11. The process of wherein the fluoropolymer resin has an initial thermally induced ...

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Номер записи: 85
21-11-2013 дата публикации

REACTOR VESSELS WITH PRESSURE AND HEAT TRANSFER FEATURES FOR PRODUCING HYDROGEN-BASED FUELS AND STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS, AND ASSOCIATED SYSTEMS AND METHODS

Номер: US20130309164A1
Автор: McAlister Roy Edward
Принадлежит:

Reactor vessels with pressure and heat transfer features for producing hydrogen-based fuels and structural elements, and associated systems and methods. A representative reactor system includes a first reaction zone and a heat path, a reactant source coupled to the first reaction zone, and a first actuator coupled to cyclically pressurize the first reaction zone. A second reaction zone is in fluid communication with the first, a valve is coupled between the first and second reaction zones to control a flow rate therebetween, and a second actuator is coupled in fluid communication with the second reaction zone to cyclically pressurize the second reaction zone. First and second heat exchangers direct heat from products to reactants in the reaction zones. A controller controls the first and second actuators in a coordinated manner based at least in part on a flow rate of the second product from the second reaction zone. 127-. (canceled)28. A chemical reactor system , comprising:a first reaction zone and a heat path positioned to direct heat into the first reaction zone;a reactant source coupled to the first reaction zone;a second reaction zone in fluid communication with the first reaction zone;a mechanism coupled between the first and second reaction zones to control a flow rate between the first and second reaction zones; and cyclically pressurize the first reaction zone;', 'cyclically pressurize the second reaction zone in a manner that depends at least in part on a flow of a product from the first reaction zone to the second reaction zone., 'a controller operatively coupled to the first and second reaction zones, the controller being programmed with instructions that, when executed29. The system of claim 28 , further comprising:a first heat exchanger positioned to direct heat from a first product leaving the first reaction zone to a reactant entering the first reaction zone;a second heat exchanger positioned to direct heat from a second product leaving the second ...

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Номер записи: 86
21-11-2013 дата публикации

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ENHANCING A PROCESS INVOLVING A SOLID OBJECT AND A GAS

Номер: US20130309422A1
Автор: KREBS Niels
Принадлежит: FORCE TECHNOLOGY

This invention relates to a sonic device (and a method) for enhancing a process involving a solid object and a gas, where the gas surrounds the object or at least is in contact with a surface of the object, the device comprising sonic means for applying a high intensity sound or ultrasound to at least the surface object, wherein the high intensity sound or ultrasound, during use of the sonic device, is applied directly in the gas that is also the medium through which the high intensity sound or ultrasound propagates to the surface of the object, whereby a laminar sub-layer at the surface of the object is reduced and/or minimized. The reduction of the laminar sub-layer provides increased heat transfer efficiency and/or increased catalytic speed and/or increased gas exchange. 1. A method of enhancing a process involving a solid object and a gas , where the gas surrounds the object or at least is in contact with a surface of the object , the method comprising the steps of:applying a high intensity sound or ultrasound to at least the surface of the object by sonic means, where the high intensity sound or ultrasound is applied directly in the gas that is also the medium through which the high intensity sound or ultrasound propagates to the surface of the object, whereby a laminar sub-layer at the surface of the object is reduced and/or minimized, where the high intensity sound or ultrasound has an intensity that is 140 dB or larger.2. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in the sound intensity of the high intensity sound or ultrasound is selected from the range of approximately 140-160 dB or is above 160 dB.3. A method according to claim 1 , characterized in that said sonic means comprises: 'receiving a pressurized gas in said sonic means, passing the pressurized gas to said opening, discharging the pressurized gas in a jet towards the cavity from said opening.', 'an outer part and an inner part defining a passage, an opening, and a cavity provided in the ...

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Номер записи: 87
28-11-2013 дата публикации

Method and Device for Treating Opaque Fluids with UV Radiation

Номер: US20130313105A1
Автор: Alander Eva
Принадлежит: WALLENIUS WATER AB

The present invention relates to a method for treating opaque fluids, comprising the steps of placing a treatment unit inside a volume of fluid to be treated, which treatment unit comprises a UV radiation member capable of emitting UV radiation, 5 radiating said volume of fluid with UV radiation, whereby said UV radiation is capable of creating radicals in said fluid, which radicals react with matter in the fluid, thereby treating it. 113-. (canceled)14. A method of treating opaque fluids , comprising:placing a treatment unit inside a volume of fluid to be treated, which treatment unit comprises an ultraviolet (UV) radiation member configured to emit UV radiation; andradiating the volume of fluid with UV radiation, whereby the UV radiation is configured to create radicals in the fluid that react with matter in the fluid, thereby treating it.15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the UV radiation is configured to create photo-ionization effects in the fluid.16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the treatment unit further comprises a quartz glass positioned between the UV radiation member and the fluid to be treated.17. The method of claim 14 , wherein the treatment unit further comprises a photo-catalytic material placed in the UV radiation for creating photo-catalyzing effects.18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the photo-catalytic material is arranged on a fluid-non-permeable carrier.19. The method of claim 17 , wherein the photo-catalytic material is arranged on a fluid-permeable carrier.20. The method of claim 14 , further comprising creating a flow in the volume of fluid to be treated.21. The method of claim 20 , further comprising mixing and guiding the flow in the volume by static mixing elements.22. The method of claim 21 , wherein the flow is guided along the UV radiation members.23. The method of claim 14 , further comprising inducing vibrations on a protective surface in order to remove material stuck on the protective surface.24. The method of claim 23 , ...

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Номер записи: 88
28-11-2013 дата публикации

Uv assisted polymer modification and in situ exhaust cleaning

Номер: US20130315789A1
Автор: David Keith CARLSON
Принадлежит: Applied Materials Inc

Apparatus for the removal of exhaust gases are provided herein. In some embodiments, an exhaust apparatus may include a housing defining an inner volume, an inlet and an outlet formed in the housing to facilitate flow of an exhaust gas through the inner volume, wherein the inlet is configured to be coupled to an exhaust outlet of a semiconductor process chamber to receive the exhaust gas therefrom, and wherein the exhaust gas can flow through the inner volume substantially free from obstruction, an ultraviolet light source to provide ultraviolet energy to the exhaust gas present the inner volume during use, wherein the ultraviolet light source provides sufficient energy to at least partially decompose the exhaust gas, and a conduit coupled to the outlet and configured allow at least some ultraviolet energy provided from the ultraviolet light source to travel directly along an axial length of the conduit.

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Номер записи: 89
05-12-2013 дата публикации

SEPARATION OF COLLOIDAL SUSPENSIONS USING LASER OPTICAL PRESSURE FLUIDIC DEVICES

Номер: US20130319954A1
Автор: HART SEAN J., Terray Alexander V.
Принадлежит:

A method of particle separation, wherein a collimated light source operable to generate a collimated light source beam is provided. The collimated light source beam includes a beam cross-section. A body is provided, wherein the body defines a wall and a first channel in a first plane. The first channel includes a first channel cross-section, the first channel being oriented to receive the collimated light source beam such that the beam cross-section completely overlaps the channel cross-section. The collimated light source beam is transmitted through the channel. A fluid sample is transmitted through the channel, fluid sample including a plurality of particles of a same type. All of the particles of the plurality of particles are separated axially along the collimated light source beam. All of the particles of the plurality of particles are retained against the wall in the collimated light source beam. 1. A method comprising:providing a collimated light source operable to generate a collimated light source beam, the collimated light source beam comprising a beam cross-section;providing a body defining a first channel in a first plane, a second channel in a second plane orthogonal to said first plane, said second channel communicating with said first channel, said second channel comprising a second channel cross-section, said second channel being oriented to receive the collimated light source beam, a third channel in a third plane orthogonal to said second plane, said third channel communicating with said second channel;transmitting the collimated light source beam through the second channel, the transmitted collimated light source beam comprising a beam direction;transmitting a fluid sample through the second channel, the fluid sample comprising a plurality of particles of a same type, the fluid sample comprising a flow direction opposite the beam direction;retaining all of the particles in the plurality of particles axially along the collimated light source beam; ...

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Номер записи: 90
05-12-2013 дата публикации

FLOW RECTIFIER FOR CLOSED PIPELINES

Номер: US20130320233A1
Автор: Anton Hans-Joachim, Rapaka Madhukar
Принадлежит: XYLEM IP HOLDINGS LLC

A channel for a UV irradiation device, in which the UV irradiation device is disposed in a closed channel and an inlet cone is provided in the direction of flow upstream of a UV reactor, which, as part of the wall of the channel, increases the cross section of the channel from an incoming pipeline cross section to a cross section of the reactor, in which a flow rectifier with at least one inner first guide element and at least one outer second guide element is disposed in the inlet cone, wherein the inner guide element is a substantially circular, cylindrical pipe and the outer guide element runs substantially parallel to the outer wall and is disposed at a distance from the outer wall. 116.-. (canceled)17. A channel for an ultraviolet (UV) irradiation device , in which the UV irradiation device is disposed in a closed channel , wherein a flow rectifier with at least one inner first guide element and at least one outer second guide element is disposed in the channel upstream of the UV irradiation device , wherein the outer guide element is disposed at a distance from an outer wall of the channel.18. The channel according to claim 17 , wherein the inner guide element is a substantially circular claim 17 , cylindrical pipe and the outer guide element runs substantially parallel to the outer wall.19. The channel according to claim 17 , wherein an inlet cone is provided in the direction of flow upstream of a UV reactor.20. The channel according to claim 19 , wherein the inlet cone claim 19 , as part of the wall of the channel claim 19 , changes a cross section of the channel from an incoming pipeline cross section to a cross section of the UV reactor.21. The channel according to claim 19 , wherein the inlet cone claim 19 , as part of the wall of the channel claim 19 , increases a cross section of the channel from an incoming pipeline cross section to a cross section of the UV reactor.22. The channel according to claim 19 , wherein the inlet cone claim 19 , as part of ...

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Номер записи: 91
05-12-2013 дата публикации

ULTRAVIOLET PHOTOREACTOR FOR THE PURIFICATION OF FLUIDS

Номер: US20130323128A1
Автор: Owen Mark D., Sammi Manoj K., Thorne James
Принадлежит: UVCleaning Systems, Inc.

In order to disinfect and to detoxify a fluid, a photoreactor contains at least two light sources. One light source activates the catalytic function of a semiconductor material in the fluid to reduce the concentration of contaminants in the fluid, such as by breaking down organic contaminants into non-toxic compounds. A second light source acts directly on living biological entities to sterilize or kill them and thereby disinfect the fluid, and can also serve to activate a semiconductor photocatalyst that in turn causes further damage to biological contaminants. The semiconductor photocatalyst is desirably attached to an optically transmitting fiber substrate in the fluid. The second light source in one embodiment is external to the fluid and illuminates the photocatalyst through transmitting surfaces in a fluid containment vessel. The light sources can comprise respective sets of plural LEDs. 1. An apparatus for treating fluid comprising:a housing comprising an inlet for receiving fluid to be treated and an outlet for delivering treated fluid, the housing defining a fluid flow path between the inlet and the outlet;a light transmitting substrate in the fluid flow path;a semiconductor photocatalyst adhered to the substrate, the photocatalyst comprising at least a first photocatalyst with a first band gap wavelength;at least one first light source operable to deliver light to fluid in the housing to be treated, said at least one first light source emitting at least one first band of light having a center wavelength in the range from 250 nanometers to 285 nanometers so as to provide disinfection treatment of the fluid; andat least one second light source operable to deliver light to the photocatalyst in the fluid in the housing to be treated, said at least one second light source emitting at least one second band of light having a center wavelength at or below the first band gap wavelength so as to provide a photocatalytic reduction of contaminant concentrations in the ...

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Номер записи: 92
12-12-2013 дата публикации

PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTION DEVICE AND ISOTOPE ENRICHMENT METHOD USING THE DEVICE

Номер: US20130327632A1
Автор: Hayashida Shigeru, IGARASHI Takehiro, KAMBE Takashi, Kuze Hiroaki, SATOU Tetsuya
Принадлежит: TAIYO NIPPON SANSO CORPORATION

The present invention includes: a light-transmissive reaction cell () into which a process gas is supplied and the process gas is photochemically reacted by laser light; a metal mirror () which is set up outside of the light-transmissive reaction cell () so as to encompass the light-transmissive reaction cell (), and which reflects laser light; and a cryostat () which is configured to accommodate the light-transmissive reaction cell (), the metal mirror (), and a cryogenic liquid (), and which maintains a temperature of the metal mirror () at a cryogenic temperature by the cryogenic liquid (). 1. A photochemical reaction device , comprising:a light-transmissive reaction cell in which a process gas is supplied and a photochemical reaction is carried out with a laser light;a metal mirror which is set outside of the light-transmissive reaction cell so as to encompass said light-transmissive reaction cell, and which reflects the laser light;and a cryostat which accommodates the light-transmissive reaction cell, the metal mirror, and a cryogenic liquid, and which maintains a temperature of the metal mirror at a cryogenic temperature by the cryogenic liquid.2. The photochemical reaction device according to claim 1 , wherein a temperature of the metal mirror is 100 K or less.3. The photochemical reaction device according to claim 1 , wherein a vacuum insulation space exists between the light-transmissive reaction cell and the metal minor.4. The photochemical reaction device according to claim 1 , wherein the metal mirror is made of any one metal of gold claim 1 , silver claim 1 , copper claim 1 , and aluminum.5. The photochemical reaction device according to claim 4 , wherein a purity of the metal is 99.9999 or more.6. The photochemical reaction device according to claim 1 , wherein the metal mirror is a metal film.7. The photochemical reaction device according to claim 1 , wherein the light-transmissive reaction cell is made of quartz glass or acrylic resin.8. The ...

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Номер записи: 93
26-12-2013 дата публикации

REMEDIATION AND EXTRACTION METHODS USING CITRUS BASED SOLVENTS

Номер: US20130341019A1
Автор: VAN WERT Jim
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to methods of extracting hydrocarbons from an oil matrix, either above the surface or in site in an oil deposit and to methods for treating soils contaminated with hydrocarbons and other contaminants. The methods of the present invention are based on the use of a citrus-based solvent and ultrasound energy to extract hydrocarbons from an oil matrix and to treat soils contaminated with organic and/or inorganic contaminants. 1. A method of extracting hydrocarbons from a hydrocarbon matrix , the method comprising: (a) contacting the hydrocarbon matrix with a solution comprising a citrus based solvent to form a mixture , (b) subjecting the mixture to ultrasonic energy , and (c) extracting the hydrocarbons from the hydrocarbon matrix.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein prior to step (a) the method comprises mining the hydrocarbon matrix from an oil deposit.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon matrix is in an oil deposit.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein step (a) comprises contacting the hydrocarbon matrix in the oil deposit with the solution comprising a citrus based solvent; step (b) comprises subjecting the oil deposit having the citrus-based solvent to the ultrasonic energy; and step (c) comprises extracting the hydrocarbons from the oil deposit.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the oil deposit includes water.6. The method of claim 3 , wherein the oil deposit includes a spent Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) well claim 3 , and wherein step (a) comprises pouring or injecting the citrus-based solvent into the spent SAGD well; step (b) comprises subjecting the oil deposit having the citrus-based solvent to the ultrasonic energy; and step (c) comprises extracting the hydrocarbons from the oil deposit.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon include heavy crude oils.8. The method of claim 3 , wherein the hydrocarbon include heavy crude oils.9. The method of claim 3 , wherein the oil deposit is selected from shale ...

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Номер записи: 94
26-12-2013 дата публикации

Production of Methane from Abundant Hydrate Deposits

Номер: US20130341179A1
Автор: Singhe Upendra Wickrema
Принадлежит:

Methods of dissociating and recovering methane from solid hydrate deposits are provided. A method for recovering methane from a methane hydrate includes at least applying electromagnetic radiation to the methane hydrate to dissociate the methane-water bond. Further provided is an apparatus for dissociating methane from a methane hydrate. The apparatus includes at least: an electromagnetic spectrum power source; a probe connected to the electromagnetic spectrum power source; an antenna connected to the distal end of the probe is capable of focusing a radiated beam into a target area of a methane hydrate; and a control system in communication with and capable of controlling the electromagnetic spectrum power source, the probe, and the antenna. 1. A method for dissociating methane from hydrate deposits , comprising:applying electromagnetic radiation to a hydrate deposit.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising applying electromagnetic radiation to a hydrate deposit located beneath the ocean's floor.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising applying electromagnetic radiation to a hydrate deposit located in a well bore.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising applying electromagnetic radiation to a hydrate deposit located in a deep water flow line.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising applying electromagnetic radiation to a hydrate deposit in conjunction with leak containment systems.6. A method for recovering from a methane hydrate claim 1 , comprising:applying electromagnetic radiation to the methane hydrate to dissociate the methane-water bond.7. The method of claim 6 , further comprising applying electromagnetic radiation in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum.8. The method of claim 6 , further comprising applying electromagnetic radiation in the frequency range of about 23 THz to about 30 THz.9. The method of claim 6 , further comprising applying electromagnetic radiation with a COlaser.10. A method for recovering methane from a ...

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Номер записи: 95
26-12-2013 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PREPARING CONDUCTIVE POLYMER DISPERSION, CONDUCTIVE POLYMER MATERIAL MADE THEREFROM AND SOLID ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITOR USING THE MATERIAL

Номер: US20130342967A1
Автор: Lai Hsin-Kai, Tseng Chih-Yuan
Принадлежит: FAR EASTERN NEW CENTUTY CORPORATION

The present invention provides a method for preparing a conductive polymer dispersion, including: adding a conductive compound, a polyanion, and an oxidant to a solvent; and polymerizing the conductive compound with microwaves. The present invention further provides a conductive polymer material made from the conductive polymer dispersion and a solid electrolyte capacitor using the conductive polymer material. Compared to a conventional method, the conductive polymer is prepared by the method of the present invention in a shorter time and environmental friendly. Moreover, the conductive polymer material made from the dispersion exhibits a high conductivity. 1. A method for preparing a conductive polymer dispersion , comprising:adding a conductive compound, a polyanion, and an oxidant to a solvent; andpolymerizing the conductive compound with microwaves.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the polymerization reaction is carried out with microwave energy at a power of 150 W to 1000 W.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the polymerization reaction is carried out with microwave energy at a power of 200 W to 950 W.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the polymerization reaction is carried out with microwave energy at a power of 300 W to 900 W.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the frequency of the microwaves is in the range of 2.0 MHZ to 3.0 MHZ.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the polymerization reaction is carried out in an inert environment.7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the conductive compound is selected from the group consisting of pyrrole claim 1 , thiophene claim 1 , and aniline and a derivative and oligomer thereof.8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the oxidant is selected from the group consisting of an iron (III) salt claim 1 , an iron (III) salt of an organic acid claim 1 , a peroxosulfate claim 1 , a persulfate claim 1 , a perborate salt claim 1 , a copper salt claim 1 , and an inorganic ...

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Номер записи: 96
26-12-2013 дата публикации

Highly efficient method for producing ceramic microparticles

Номер: US20130343979A1
Автор: Daisuke Honda, Jun Kuraki, Masakazu Enomura, Masaki Maekawa
Принадлежит: M Technique Co Ltd

Provided is a more suitable method for producing ceramic microparticles. The present invention uses at least two types of fluids to be processed; at least one of the fluids to be processed is a fluid containing a ceramic starting material liquid that mixes and/or dissolves a ceramic starting material in a basic solvent; of the fluids aside from the ceramic starting material liquid, at least one of the fluids to be processed is a fluid containing a solvent for precipitating ceramic microparticles; and ceramic microparticles are precipitated by mixing the fluid containing the ceramic starting material liquid and the fluid containing the solvent for precipitating ceramic microparticles within a thin film fluid formed between at least two surfaces ( 1,2 ) for processing that are provided facing each other, are able to approach and separate each other, and of which one is able to rotate with respect to the other. Ceramic microparticles having as increased crystallinity are obtained by mixing the fluid containing the precipitated ceramic microparticles precipitate and a fluid containing an acidic substance.

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Номер записи: 97
02-01-2014 дата публикации

LASER PROCESSING METHOD

Номер: US20140001679A1
Автор: Okuma Junji, Sakamoto Takeshi
Принадлежит: HAMAMATSU PHOTONICS K.K.

A planar object to be processed comprising a hexagonal SiC substrate having a front face forming an angle corresponding to an off-angle with a c-plane is prepared. Subsequently, the object is irradiated with pulse-oscillated laser light L along lines to cut such that a pulse pitch becomes 10 μm to 18 μm while locating a converging point P of the laser light L within the SiC substrate . Thereby, modified regions to become cutting start points are formed within the SiC substrate along the lines 1. A laser processing method for cutting a planar object to be processed comprising a hexagonal SiC substrate having a main surface forming an angle corresponding to an off-angle with a c-plane , along a line to cut;the method comprising the step of irradiating the object with pulse-oscillated laser light along the line such that a pulse pitch becomes 10 μm to 18 μm while locating a converging point of the laser light within the SiC substrate, thereby forming a modified region to become a cutting start point within the SiC substrate along the line.2. A laser processing method according to claim 1 , wherein the object is irradiated with the laser light along the line such that the pulse pitch becomes 12 μm to 14 μm.3. A laser processing method according to claim 1 , wherein the laser light is pulse-oscillated at a pulse width of 20 ns to 100 ns.4. A laser processing method according to claim 3 , wherein the laser light is pulse-oscillated at the pulse width of 50 ns to 60 ns.5. A laser processing method according to claim 1 , wherein the object is cut along the line from the modified region acting as a start point after forming the modified region.6. A laser processing method according to claim 1 , wherein the modified region includes a molten processed region. The present invention relates to a laser processing method for cutting a planar object to be processed comprising an SiC substrate along a line to cut.Attention has been drawn to SiC (silicon carbide) as a semiconductor ...

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Номер записи: 98
09-01-2014 дата публикации

Mask-Less Fabrication of Thin Film Batteries

Номер: US20140007418A1
Автор: Byung-Sung Leo Kwak, Chong JIANG, Daoying SONG
Принадлежит: Applied Materials Inc

Thin film batteries (TFB) are fabricated by a process which eliminates and/or minimizes the use of shadow masks. A selective laser ablation process, where the laser patterning process removes a layer or stack of layers while leaving layer(s) below intact, is used to meet certain or all of the patterning requirements. For die patterning from the substrate side, where the laser beam passes through the substrate before reaching the deposited layers, a die patterning assistance layer, such as an amorphous silicon layer or a microcrystalline silicon layer, may be used to achieve thermal stress mismatch induced laser ablation, which greatly reduces the laser energy required to remove material.

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Номер записи: 99
09-01-2014 дата публикации

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PERFORMING QUANTUM CONTROL ON INFINITESIMAL QUANTA

Номер: US20140008209A1
Автор: LAM GOW-LIN
Принадлежит:

A method for performing quantum control on infinitesimal quanta includes: an independent reaction space provision step, wherein at least one three-dimensional closed space is provided; an infinitesimal-quantum kinetic energy enhancement step, wherein differently shaped reaction elements are provided on at least one inner surface of each closed space, each reaction element having at least two slits and plural pores; a parameter control step counted by time with the unit of second, wherein at least a first reaction parameter is provided, and, upon occurrence thereof, wave control is performed on a corresponding one of the at least one closed space. The method provides an executable quantum control mechanism which is meaningful in terms of reaction and capable of modifying the properties of matter in a purely physical manner, such that a wavefunction is controlled to provide different energies, thereby providing assistance to environmental improvement techniques, agricultural techniques, and traditional medical techniques. 1. A method for performing quantum control on infinitesimal quanta , wherein quantum control is performed on infinitesimal quanta so as to modify properties of a to-be-processed matter , the method comprising:an independent reaction space provision step comprising: providing at least a three-dimensional closed space as a wavefunction having x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis that are equal in length with each other, wherein each said closed space defines therein a range of action for particles and waves of infinitesimal quanta, and the to-be-processed matter is placed in the at least a three-dimensional closed space for reaction;an infinitesimal-quantum kinetic energy enhancement step, comprising: providing reaction elements of different geometric shapes on at least one of adjacent inner surfaces of each said closed space, wherein each said reaction element is consisted of a plurality of mesh plates being overlapped in a predetermined order, and metal plates ...

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Номер записи: 100