РЕАКТОР ДЛЯ ВВОДА ГАЗА В ЖИДКОСТЬ

Изобретение относится к реактору для двухфазной или трехфазной системы. Изобретение предназначено, в частности, для аэрации жидкости, содержащей суспензию минеральных частиц газом, представляющим воздух или любой другой соответствующий кислородсодержащий газ. Реактор для ввода газа в жидкость содержит смесительный бак для жидкости, перегородку для разделения бака по крайней мере на две камеры, первый насос и узел аэратора. Первый насос расположен в одной из камер для циркуляции жидкости вниз в одной камере и затем вверх в другой камере. Узел аэратора предназначен для аэрирования боковой части потока жидкости и ввода аэрированной жидкости в бак для смешения аэрированной жидкости с циркулирующей жидкостью в баке. Узел аэратора с трубой Вентури имеет вход аэратора, выход аэратора, сужение между входом и выходом аэратора и средство для ввода газа в сужение для аэрирования жидкости. Сужение между входом и выходом аэратора выполнено удлиненным в сечении, поперечном направлению потока жидкости ...

УСОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАННЫЙ СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ТЕРЕФТАЛЕВОЙ КИСЛОТЫ

FIELD: chemical industry. SUBSTANCE: improved process comprises oxidizing p-xylene with oxygen or oxygen-saturated gas, in solvent and at pressure, in the presence of catalyst and initiator in stirred reactor in which liquid phase has interphase with gas phase. Said process comprises the following stages (a) main portion of liquid is made to recycle in reaction vessel. Said recycling portion of liquid has no interface between liquid and top gas phase, and said recycling portion of liquid is separated by mechanical means but with possibility to communicate for flowing medium from relatively immovable portion of liquid; said immovable portion of liquid has interphase between liquid and top gas phase; said interface being adapted to variations in liquid level in response to variations in liquid volume between states when liquid contains substantially no gas bubbles, and state when liquid contains desired concentration of gas bubbles; original stream of substantially pure oxygen or oxygen- enriched air containing at least approximately 50% oxygen is introduced directly into recycling portion of said liquid, path of recycling stream and rate of stream of said recycling portion of liquid relative to communication zone of said recycling and immovable portions of liquid are such that oxygen bubbles formed from addition of original stream to recycling portion of liquid are maintained in dispersed form in recycling liquid, thus making it possible to dissolve oxygen and to react it with p-xylene reagent in recycling portion of liquid without any appreciable passage of said oxygen bubbles through communication zone between recycling portion of liquid and its immovable portion, and through its immovable portion, to interface between gas and liquid and thus without loss of oxygen in top gas phase; (c) mixture of liquid and oxygen is maintained in reaction vessel at temperature from about 150 to 200 C and at pressure from about 100 to 100 pounds per square inch (7.0-14.1 kg/sq.cm) ...

СПОСОБ ОКИСЛЕНИЯ ОРГАНИЧЕСКИХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ И СИСТЕМА ДЛЯ ЕГО ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ

Окисление органических соединений проводят чистым или практически чистым кислородом с испарительным охлаждением. Окисление органических соединений, сопровождающееся образованием твердых продуктов или побочных продуктов, облегается благодаря исключению прямого контакта поверхностей теплообмена, которые покрываются твердыми продуктами окисления и побочными продуктами.

СПОСОБ ПОЛИМЕРИЗАЦИИ ЭТИЛЕНА С УСОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАННОЙ СИСТЕМОЙ ПОДАЧИ ЭТИЛЕНА

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method of ethylene polymerization. Described is a method for the preparation of polyethylene by polymerization in an ethylene suspension in one or more C 3 -C 10 alpha-olefins. Polymerization is carried out at a temperature of 60–95 °C and a pressure of 0.15–3 MPa. Polymerization is carried out in the presence of a polymerization catalyst in a cylindrical polymerization reactor. Reactor has internal diameter D and is equipped with an agitator to stir contents of the reactor. Ethylene is fed into the reactor by an ethylene injection system. Injection system comprises one or more nozzles passing through the reactor's lower cover or through the reactor wall and protruding into the reactor by a value of 0.02–0.5 of internal diameter D. Ethylene exits the nozzle at an output rate of 10–200 m/s. EFFECT: technical result is decreased overgrowing of internal parts of the reactor due to an improved ethylene supply system. 15 cl, 5 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 658 836 C1 (51) МПК C08F 10/02 (2006.01) C08F 2/01 (2006.01) B01J 19/18 (2006.01) B01F 7/22 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК C08F 10/02 (2006.01); B01J 19/18 (2006.01); B01J 19/0066 (2006.01); B01J 19/1875 (2006.01) (21)(22) Заявка: 2017104788, 06.08.2015 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: Дата регистрации: 25.06.2018 07.08.2014 EP 14180180.3 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: WO 97/18888 A1, 29.05.1997. EP (45) Опубликовано: 25.06.2018 Бюл. № 18 1336624 A1, 20.08.2003. EА 11265 В1, 27.02.2009. RU 2258712 С2, 20.08.2005. (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 15.02.2017 (86) Заявка PCT: 2 6 5 8 8 3 6 R U (87) Публикация заявки PCT: WO 2016/020482 (11.02.2016) Адрес для переписки: 123242, Москва, Кудринская площадь, 1, а/я 35, "Михайлюк, Сороколат и партнеры-патентные поверенные" (54) СПОСОБ ПОЛИМЕРИЗАЦИИ ЭТИЛЕНА С ...

Реакционный аппарат

Изобретение относится к конструкции аппаратов с перемешивающим устройством для проведения в них процессов диспергирования , суспендирования и др. Оно может найти применение в химической, нефтехимической , медицинской и др. отраслях промышленности ,ипозволяет интенсифицировать процесс перемешивания за счет повышения эффективности работы теплообменных устройств и создания многоходового циркуляционного потока, а также расширения диапазона по минимальному коэффициенту заполнения. Реактор содержит корпус, встроенный кожухотруб- чатый теплообменник с центральной цирку- ляционной трубой, внутри которой размещено винтовое перемешивающее устройство с цилиндрической вставкой. Новым является то, что между корпусом и теплообменником устанавливается кольцевая теп- лообменная камера, по всей высоте которой расположены сквозные отверстия с уменьшающейся площадью от 0,8-1,8 до 0,4-0,8 площади вставки по ходу движения рабочей среды. Для обеспечения многоходового движения рабочей среды кожухотрубчатый теплообменник ...

Реактор для гидрирования

Изобретение относится к конструкции химических реакторов с нижним электроприводом с механическим перемешивающим устройством, может быть использовано в промышленности для осуществления процессов гидрирования, карбонилирования и других при переменном заполнении реактора и позволяет расширить области применения аппарата путем обеспечения его работы в широком диапазоне коэффициента заполнения. В реакторе для гидрирования циркуляционная труба состоит по меньшей мере из двух коаксиально расположенных частей: внутренней короткой, представляющей собой нижнюю часть циркуляционной трубы, обеспечивающей работу реактора при минимальном коэффициенте заполнения, и наружной длинной части усеченно-конической формы с большим основанием у верхнего ее среза, позволяющей осуществлять циркуляцию среды при средних и максимальных коэффициентах заполнения. При этом кольцевой зазор между нижней частью циркуляционной трубы и нижним срезом усеченно-конической трубы составляет 1/4 проходного сечения нижней части циркуляционной ...

Reaktionsvorrichtung fuer stetigen Betrieb

Reactor Vessel with a Mixing Device

... 1,151,605. Mixing apparatus. STAMICARBON N.V. 22 Dec., 1966 [23 Dec., 1965], No. 57592/66. Heading B1C. A mixer, reactor or dissolving apparatus has a cylindrical vessel 1' with a coaxial openended riser tube 3 in which one or more rotatable shafts 7 carry stirrers 6, 6'; between the riser tube and the vessel walls are one or more helical ribbons 11, 11' of the same hand rotatable about the vessel axis. As shown they are attached to a support 12 rotated by a shaft 13. The riser tube may be hollow for circulation of a heat exchange medium. Preferred proportionate dimensions of the stirrers, helices and vessel are disclosed. Additives may be supplied through pipes 9, 9' discharging immediately upstream of the stirrers.

Rubber modified styrene resins

Disclosed is a process for continuously producing rubber modified styrene resins wherein the rubbery phase including a rubber-like polymer is transformed into dispersed particles by using a reactor having both a helical-blade agitator mounted in a draft tube and an auxiliary agitator, by establishing a specified agitating force and a specified degree of circulation of the fluid within the reactor, and by maintaining a specified relation between the weight percentages, based on the total amount of all components within the reactor, of the rubber-like polymer and the monomer converted to polymer. According to this process, various grades of high-impact rubber modified styrene resins having excellent surface properties can be obtained without any adhesion of rubber-like matter to the reactor and without any formation of fisheyes in final products.

Process for treating fluids with gases in a vessel

... 1,35,868. Agitating and aerating liquids. PATENTAUSWERTUNG VOGELBUSCH G. m. b. H. March 31, 1965 [May 8, 1964], No. 13589/65. Heading B1C. A fermentation vat 6 has three or more vertical baffles 1-5 mounted with one vertical edge joined to the container wall at 8 and the other to an adjacent baffle at 7; below them rotates a gas injector 10 supplied with gas through its hollow shaft 18. The lower edges of the baffles are rounded, or, at least above the part of the gas outlets 12, curved in the direction of rotation as at 1<11>- 511; the inner parts of the baffles are deeper than the outer and the baffles are hollow for passage of a heat exchange medium, see Figs. 1, 3 and 4 (not shown). The arms 15 of the gas injector, which may be two or more in number, are in the form of open grooves on the rear side so that their crosssection is in the form of the front part of a streamline profile which is completed by the phase boundaries of the vacuoles 17 formed on rotation (see also Fig. 4, not ...

HOCHDRUCKVERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON REINEM MELAMIN

The invention relates to a high pressure method for producing pure melamine by pyrolyzing urea in a vertical synthesis reactor. The synthesis reactor has three stages above one another: a) in the first stage, the smaller portion of the total amount of urea is introduced into the central tube of a first tank reactor forming a first melamine-containing reaction medium; b) in the second stage, the first melamine-containing reaction medium and the larger portion of the total amount of urea is introduced into the central tube of a second tank reactor forming a second melamine-containing reaction medium; c) in the third stage, the second melamine-containing reaction medium is introduced into a vertical tubular flow reactor forming a raw melamine melt that is processed to obtain pure melamine.

Device for continuous and intermittent reactions between gaseous and liquid phases

Device for mixing and/or release from two or several components

IMPROVED PUMPING APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR SLURRY POLYMERIZATION IN LOOP REACTORS

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR MIXING A GAS AND A LIQUID

PROCESS FOR REINGESTING HEADSPACE GASES

This invention is directed a process for mixing a gas and a liquid within a closed container having an overhead gas space using an impeller means and an auxiliary impeller means.

WET OXIDATION SYSTEM

Process and apparatus for the oxidation of an aqueous suspension of organic matter at elevated temperature and pressure is disclosed. The organic matter is oxidized in a reactor having a reaction zone consisting of static mixer vane arrangement. The oxidized mater and oxygen-containing gas are circulated through the static mixer to promote the oxidation of the organic matter in reducing COD to the desired level.

APPARATUS FOR CONTACTING A LIQUID WITH A GAS

... 12457 APPARATUS FOR CONTACTING A LIQUID WITH A GAS Apparatus for contacting a liquid,in a tank containing a body of same, with a gas. A generally tubular draft member containing an axial down-pumping helical screw impeller is oriented in the tank with its central axis aligned vertically. Means are provided for introducing gas into liquid flowing downwardly to the helical screw impeller to form a two-phase gas-liquid mixture which is pumped through the draft member by the impeller to induce circulation of liquid discharged from the draft member liquid outlet through the body of liquid in the tank to the draft member inlet, thereby effecting gas-liquid contacting. S P E C I F I C A T I O N ...

DRAFT TUBE APPARATUS

DRAFT TUBE APPARATUS Improved draft tube mixing apparatus having one or more of the following features: (a) controlled circulation at the inlet of the tube which allows operation at reduced submergence by preventing formation of a vortex; (b) an additional passage for controlled flow into the draft tube along its length to allow operation without the tube being entirely submerged; (c) the recovery of dynamic energy from the flow at the outlet of the tube by wide area diffusion without separation from the walls of the tube in the diffusing region thereof; (d) improved guidance of radially directed to axially directed flow at the inlet of the draft tube for efficient axial pumping by the impeller by maintaining generally uniform axial flow velocity radially of the impeller; and (e) separation of coarse and fine particles in suspension in the tank to allow selective draw-off of the coarse and/or fine particles thereby increasing efficiency of mixing.

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR MIXING A GAS AND A LIQUID

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR MIXING A GAS AND A LIQUID A process and apparatus for mixing a gas and a liquid comprising a draft tube containing a shaft and a helical impeller, and an upper baffle. A liquid velocity of at 1east one foot per second, additional turbulence, a lower baffle, and a second impeller are provided to increase efficiency.

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS AND METHOD OF PREPARING ORGANOLITHIUM COMPOUNDS AID APPARATUS

POLYMERIZATION REACTOR

A novel chemical reactor; one particularly useful for the production of polymers, especially elastomers such as butyl rubber. The reactor (10) contains (1) a two-tube pass system, constituted of an inner or center tube bundle (20) through which a mixture or slurry of polymerizable monomers and catalyst is passed in one direction, and recycled via an outer tube bundle (30) in the opposite direction in essentially even flow distribution (2), while the tubes of the center and outer tubular bundles are maintained within a jacketed section, or sections of the reactor into which a coolant, or refrigerant; is injected and vaporized to remove the heat of reaction. The coolant, or refrigerant, in heat exchange relationship with the tubes removes the exothermic heats of reaction from the polymerization mixture, and maintains the polymerization mixture at uniformly low temperature. An even flow circulation of the slurry which aids in maintaining uniform low temperature, is provided by the use of (3) a diffuser (60) and (4) mixed flow pumping system (40), with its impeller (43), by virtue of which an adequate pressure head of even pressure profile is developed across the entry sides of the center tubes (20) to maintain the even flow distribution within the two-tube pass system at high circulation rate. There is no vortex whirl at the exit of the impeller-diffuser assembly, and no cavitation bubbles as commonly associated with one-tube pass systems, which employ a central draft tube and axial flow pump. Improved mixing, high hydraulic efficiency, and higher production rates with low polymer fouling, are achieved.

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PLASTICIZER AND POLYOL ESTERS

A process for the catalytic or non-catalytic esterification of acids or anhydrides with a mono-alcohol or a polyhydroxy compound which comprises the steps of adding the reagents to a reaction vessel to form a reaction mixture, and heating the reaction mixture and maintaining a pressure sufficient to obtainboiling of the reaction mixture thereby causing esterification and removing water as vapor while continuously mixing the reaction mixture in the reactor vessel such that at least about 2.5 to about 20 volumes of reaction mixture are internally recirculated per minute, whereby the rate of conversion is enhanced.

Advanced Gas Control in Gas-Liquid Mixing Systems

IMPROVED REACTOR SYSTEM

A shell and tube heat exchanger reactor with forced circulation is used to improve heat and mass transfer for exothermic liquid-liquid, gas-liquid and gas-liquid-solid reactions. Enhanced productivity and selectivity are obtained.

Apparat zum Entgasen der bei der Drucksynthese von Harnstoff entstehenden Lösung

Vorrichtung zur Begasung von Flüssigkeiten in einem Behälter

Cyclohexanonoxime manufacture

Cyclohexanonoxime is made by continuous counterflow liquid reaction. Raw materials are cylohexanone, hydroxylamine sulphate and ammonia. Reagents are introduced into the column and a bypass line with a pump causes recirculation in order to improve yield. The pump recirculates esp. the heavier by-products which contain hydroxylamine sulphate and ammonium sulphatE.

Verfahren und kombinierte Reaktor- und Kühlereinheit zur Herstellung von Phosphorsäure nach dem Nassverfahren

Procédé de préparation du diuranate d'ammonium et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé

Réacteur étagé

Vorrichtung zum Mischen und/oder Lösen von zwei oder mehreren Komponenten

GAS LIQUID CONTACTING DEVICE.

Bath water guide system for generating bubbles, bathtub and method for operating a bath water guide system.

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Badewasserführungssystem (2) zur Erzeugung von Blasen mit einer Fluidpumpe (4), einer mit einem Zuströmventil (7) versehenen Luftzuführleitung (6), welche an einer Wasserzulaufleitung (13) mündet, die an der Saugseite der Fluidpumpe (4) angeschlossen ist und mit einer an eine Druckseite der Fluidpumpe (4) angeschlossenen Drosseleinrichtung. Erfindungsgemäss ist als Drosseleinrichtung ein Druckentspannungsventil (8) ohne eine Zwischenschaltung eines für die Abtrennung von Blasen vorgesehenen Fluidberuhigungsraumes mit einer Verbindungsleitung (9) unmittelbar an einen Ausgang der Fluidpumpe (4) angeschlossen. Gegenstand der Erfindung sind auch eine Badewanne mit einem Wannenkörper (1) und dem Badewasserführungssystem (2) sowie ein Verfahren zum Betrieb des Badewasserführungssystems.

Bathing water guide system for producing bubbles, bath and method for operating a bath water management system.

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Badewasserführungssystem (2) zur Erzeugung von Blasen, mit einer Fluidpumpe (4), einer mit einer Zuströmdrossel (7) versehenen Luftzuführleitung (6), welche an einer Wasserzulaufleitung (13) mündet, die an der Saugseite der Fluidpumpe (4) angeschlossen ist und mit einer an eine Druckseite der Fluidpumpe (4) angeschlossenen Drosseleinrichtung. Erfindungsgemäß ist als Drosseleinrichtung ein Druckentspannungsventil (8) ohne eine Zwischenschaltung eines für die Abtrennung von Blasen vorgesehenen Fluidberuhigungsraumes an einen Ausgang der Fluidpumpe (4) angeschlossen. Gegenstand der Erfindung sind auch eine Badewanne mit einem Wannenkörper (1) und dem Badewasserführungssystem (2) sowie ein Verfahren zum Betrieb des Badewasserführungssystems.

PUMP FOR A LOOP REACTOR

Polymerization process using dual shear mixing element

Catalytic process of polymerization at low temperature

DEVICE FOR REACTION BETWEEN LIQUID PHASE AND GASEOUS PHASE

CONTROLE DE NIVEL DE LIQUIDO EM OPERACOES DE IMISCAO GAS-LIQUIDO

Processo e sistema aperfeiçoado para a produçao de ácido tereftálico através da oxidaçao de p-xileno

MIXER SYSTEMS

L'invention concerne un système de mélange amélioré de liquides en vrac et de mise en contact efficace gaz-liquide pour permettre un transfert de masse du gaz au liquide, notamment un liquide non Newtonien dont la viscosité est réduite dans des conditions de cisaillement (fluidification par cisaillement) dans un réservoir vertical. On peut réaliser dans le réservoir un procédé, tel qu'une fermentation, permettant de produire des quantités commerciales de polysaccharides, tels que de la gomme xanthane. On monte un tube de circulation vertical dans le réservoir, le tube d'aspiration comportant une extrémité inférieure espacée du fond du réservoir et une extrémité supérieure espacée de la surface du liquide dans le réservoir, au-dessous de laquelle elle se trouve. Plusieurs palettes de mélange dans le tube de circulation sont suffisamment proches l'une de l'autre pour établir un champ ou une configuration d'agitation qui provoquent une fluidification par cisaillement et un flux ascendant dans ...

Optimized liquid-phase oxidation

Disclosed is an optimized process and apparatus for more efficiently and economically carrying out the liquid-phase oxidation of an oxidizable compound. Such liquid-phase oxidation is carried out in a bubble column reactor that provides for a highly efficient reaction at relatively low temperatures. When the oxidized compound is para-xylene and the product from the oxidation reaction is crude terephthalic acid (CTA), such CTA product can be purified and separated by more economical techniques than could be employed if the CTA were formed by a conventional high-temperature oxidation process.

Method and means for continuous precipitation of easy-dry, granular uranium peroxide

A method and means for continuous precipitation of granular uranium peroxide. The reaction vessel and agitation method practiced in it avoid filter plugging and caking problems.

Advanced gas control in gas-liquid mixing systems

Sloped inner and outer conical baffles are provided in a gas-liquid mixing system having a recirculating portion of a body of liquid, separated from a quiescent portion of the body of liquid and an overhead gas phase, precluding the collection of gas under the baffles, eliminating dead zones of gas, and minimizing the passage of gas to the overhead gas phase during normal operation, while facilitating the venting of gases during upset conditions.

High Pressure Method for Producing Pure Melamine in a Vertical Synthesis Reactor

The invention relates to a high pressure method for producing pure melamine by pyrolyzing urea in a vertical synthesis reactor. The synthesis reactor has three stages above one another: a) in the first stage, the smaller portion of the total amount of urea is introduced into the central tube of a first tank reactor forming a first melamine-containing reaction medium; b) in the second stage, the first melamine-containing reaction medium and the larger portion of the total amount of urea is introduced into the central tube of a second tank reactor forming a second melamine-containing reaction medium; c) in the third stage, the second melamine-containing reaction medium is introduced into a vertical tubular flow reactor forming a raw melamine melt that is processed to obtain pure melamine.

Process and apparatus for mixing a gas and a liquid

ガス-液体混合システムに於ける改善されたガス制御

... 【課題】 通常運転条件下で液体相内での送給ガスの分散を増長させることによりガス及び液体を本質的に完全に反応出来るようにし、引火性のある大きなガス気泡形成或いはガスポケットの反応容器中での形成を防止するLORシステムを提供すること。 【解決手段】 液体の本体が、バッフルにより分離されるがしかし液体の静止部分4と流体連通状態とされた主要部分3を有し、静止部分はオーバーヘッドガス空間6とのガス-液体界面5を有する。主要部分3はインペラ7により再循環流れ状況に維持され、インペラ7が、分散されたガスを含む液体が吸引管9内を降下し、吸引管9と反応容器2の垂直壁11との間の環状空間10を上昇する垂直流れ模様を提供する。 ...

Multi-stage reactor

... 1,080,847. Chemical contact apparatus &c. RHONEPOULENC S.A. June 6, 1966 [June 9, 1965], No. 25033/66. Heading B1F. A reactor, suitable for carrying out reactions between a gas and a liquid or between liquids in concurrent or countercurrent flow from which vapour is given off, is divided into superimposed stages 8a, 8b and 8c by separating plates 7, each stage containing a bundle of vertical tubes 10 arranged slightly below the centre of the stage and forcing ascent tubes 13 and a central tube 14, and with pipes 11 extending through the plates 7 coaxial with the tubes 13 through which gas or vapour passes upwardly and a down pipe 12 extending to beneath the liquid level in the shape below. The passing upwardly of the gas or vapour causes the liquid to rise up tubes 13 so effecting circulation whatever the overall direction of flow. Heating or cooling fluid may be passed around the tubes 13, 14. Complementary feed pipes and paddles may be provided for each shape. If the liquid contains pure ...

PROCESS FOR PREPARATION OF URANIUM TETRAFLUORIDE

Apparatus for preparing uranium tetrafluoride

A process for preparing uranium tetrafluoride by reacting a uranous solution with a hydrofluoric acid solution in a fluorination precipitation tank is provided. A cylindrical inner tube having upper and lower ends opened is disposed in the tank in the longitudinal direction thereof. An agitator is arranged within the inner tube to generate a descending or ascending stream inside the inner tube and a ascending or descending stream outside the inner tube, thereby producing a circulation of reaction liquor in the tank. The uranous solution and the hydrofluoric acid solution are introduced into the tank from the upper part thereof and the produced uranium tetrafluoride crystals are withdrawn from the lower part of the tank together with a part of the reaction mother liquor. The amount of the hydrofluoric acid solution added to the uranous solution is adjusted so that the fluorine concentration in the reaction mother liquor in the tank is maintained at 2 to 4 g/l.

REACTOR SYSTEM

HOCHDRUCKVERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON REINEM MELAMIN

Thermochemischer Reaktor

Thermochemischer Reaktor mit mehreren, in einem im Wesentlichen vertikal ausgerichteten Behälter angeordneten Böden, auf denen ein Trocknungsmittel, insbesondere ein Zeolith, gehalten ist und zwischen denen ein Arbeitsmittel strömt, wobei das Trocknungsmittel von ein Wärme übertragendes Medium führenden Rohren (10) durchsetzt ist. Um einen besseren Kontakt des Trocknungsmittels mit dem Arbeitsmittel sowie mit den Rohren (10) zu erreichen sind die Böden erfindungsgemäß als mit Durchbrechungen (15) versehene Rieselböden (11 1-11 5) ausgebildet, wobei die Durchbrechungen (15) voneinander beabstandet sind, und es ist eine Fördereinrichtung (13) vorgesehen, die das Trocknungsmittel unter dem untersten Rieselboden (11 5) aufnimmt und auf den obersten Rieselboden (11 1) fördert. Durch diese Umwälzung kommen alle Granulien des Trocknungsmittels nach und nach mit dem Arbeitsmittel in direkten Kontakt.

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A THERMOPLASTIC POLYMER.

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE EXECUTION OF (BIO) CHEMICAL REACTIONS IN A GAS/CLIQUID SYSTEM.

CONTINUOUS PROCESS FOR MAKING DIPEROXYACIDS

PROCEDE DE FABRICATION EN CONTINU DU CHLOROFORME

DRAFT TUBE APPARATUS

MIXER SYSTEMS

A system for providing bulk liquid mixing and effective gas-liquid contacting for mass transfer of the gas to the liquid, the viscosity of which decreases when under shearing conditions, in an upright tank. An upright draft tube is mounted within the tank and has a lower end spaced from the tank bottom and an upper end spaced below the surface of the liquid in the tank. A plurality mixing impellers in the tube are sufficiently close to each other to establish a field or pattern of agitation to cause shear thinning and upflow throughout the tube and which may produce significant turbulence at the liquid surface. A plurality of radially inwardly projecting, circumferentially spaced baffles extend from the tube and are proximate the mixing impellers to prevent swirling of the liquid within the tube. Gas may be sparged into the vessel in or adjacent to the lower end of the draft tube.

HORIZONTAL DRAFT TUBE MIXER WITH OFFSET DISCHARGE

BATCH REACTOR WITH ON-DEMAND REACTIVE GAS

A method and apparatus for batch liquid-gas reactions wherein substantially all the reactive gas is utilized in the reaction such that continuous venting of the reaction vessel is not required is disclosed. When venting the reaction vessel upon substantial completion of the reaction, the vent gas does not contain a significant amount of the reactive gas.

IMPROVED PUMPING APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR SLURRY POLYMERIZATION IN LOOP REACTORS

An olefin polymerization process and apparatus wherein a fluid slurry comprising monomer, diluent and catalyst is circulated in a continuous loop reactor by two or more pumps (100, 102). The process and apparatus allow operating the reaction at significantly higher solids content in the circulating fluid slurry. In a preferred embodiment, the fluid slurry is circulated by two impellers (22a, 22b) arranged so that the downstream impeller (22a) benefits from the rotational energy imparted by the upstream impeller (22b). An olefin polymerization process operating at higher reactor solids by virtue of more aggressive circulation has improved efficiencies, particularly in larger-volume reactors.

APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING POLYMER RESIN, POLYMERIZATION VESSEL, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING POLYMER RESIN

An apparatus for manufacturing a polymer resin comprises a polymerization vessel, a bearing part, a protection part, a circulating cooling means, a raw material-injecting nozzle and a flow path-constituting part. The protection part forms a first flow path between the protection part and the side face of the agitation axis. The circulating cooling means includes a circulating inlet nozzle provided on a side face of the protruding part so as to be opposite to the protection part. The flow path-constituting part is provided between the bearing part and the protection part so as to cover the side face of the agitation axis, to fix the bearing part and the protection part. This flow path-constituting part forms a second flow path between the side face of the agitation axis and the flow path-constituting part and a third flow path for coupling the second flow path with the raw material-injecting nozzle. The first to third flow paths constitute a continuous flow path and an uppermost end of the ...

LIQUID LEVEL CONTROL IN GAS-LIQUID MIXING OPERATIONS

LIQUID LEVEL CONTROL IN GAS-LIQUID MIXING OPERATIONS A gas-liquid mixing vessel utilizes an axial flow, down-pumping impeller in a draft tube to create vortex development so as to draw gas from the overhead in a body of recirculating liquid. A surge tank is used to accommodate volume changes in the vessel, and a liquid level control feature, in which the gas phase pressures in the mixing vessel and the surge tank are adjusted, is used to maintain the liquid level in the mixing vessel at a desired level for proper vortex development.

ENHANCED GAS-LIQUID REACTIONS

Gas-liquid reactions, such as the oxidation of organic chemicals, are enhanced by the use of stirred type reactor systems and lower reaction temperatures than those employed in non-stirred systems.

NONHOMOGENEOUS CENTRIFUGAL FILM BIOREACTOR

A centrifugal film bioreactor useful for processing both shear sensitive and shear requiring or tolerant cells. A liquid phase is directed upward in a guide tube to rotating truncated conical surfaces which transport the liquid phase across their surfaces. After leaving the conical surfaces, the liquid passes through a gaseous phase and may contact the wall of the fermentation vessel and then combine with the downward moving liquid phase in the lower part of the fermentation vessel, where it circulates. The maximum entrainment of the gaseous phase into the liquid phase occurs while the liquid phase is passing through the gaseous phase. Different configurations of guide tube propellers and fermentation vessel, allow for processing of different shear tolerant cells .

Enhanced Oxidation of Organic Chemicals

TEREPHTHALIC ACID PRODUCTION USING EVAPORATIVE COOLING

The oxidation of p-xylene to produce terephthalic acid is carried out using pure or nearly pure oxygen and evaporative cooling. By-product and waste generation are reduced, oxygen utilization is enhanced, desirable operating conditions are employed, and the need for direct contact heat exchange surfaces in the reactor vessel is obviated.

GAS-LIQUID MIXER

Vase of reaction to body of mixture

APPARATUS FOR HANDLING FLUID MATERIALS

Continuous process of production of nitrated aromatic compounds and apparatus used for nitration uninterrupted

Sludge phase reactor and its use

자유 유동성 디카복실산 결정의 제조 방법

... 본 발명은 결정화기에서 디카복실산의 수성 용액 또는 현탁액으로부터 자유 유동성 디카복실산 결정을 제조하는 방법에 관한 것이다.

sistema de reator e processo para a acetilação de materiais lignocelulósicos e uso de um sistema de reator para conduzir um processo para a acetilação de materiais lignocelulósicos

PROCESSO E APARELHO PARA MISTURAR UM GAS E UM LIQUIDO EM UM VASO DE MISTURACAO

Continuous-flow reactor for high viscosity materials

A reactor of one or more stages for the continuous processing of high viscosity materials wherein each stage is provided with a stage barrier for directing and controlling the flow of process materials within each stage of the reactor and for controlling the egress of material from each stage of the reactor. A rotor shaft is rotatably mounted at opposite end walls of the reactor and extends through the reactor coaxially with its longitudinal axis. Fixably attached to the rotor shaft for rotation within each stage is a mixing assembly including a cylindrical draft tube positioned coaxially with respect to the reactor side wall, a helical screw mounted within the draft tube, and a ribbon agitator mounted within the annular space between the draft tube and reactor wall and having a pitch opposite to that of the helical screw. The agitator and the helical screw have preselected relative pitches and dimensions so that, when rotated, they cooperate with the stage barrier, the vessel wall and ...

Method of continuously forming polyester resins

A method of forming a polyester resin from dicarboxylic acid anhydrides and monoepoxides in a specially designed mixing apparatus. The mixing apparatus is a vessel having a centrally disposed vertical draft tube and a centrifugal impeller at the lower end of the draft tube. A plurality of vertical heat exchange tubes surround the draft tube. The reactants are admitted into the vessel and drawn down through the draft tube by the impeller which mixes the reactants and forces the reactants up through the heat exchange tubes. The heat exchange tube portion of the vessel acts as a plug flow reactor, and the upper and lower portions of the vessel act as a back mix reactor. As reactants are admitted into the vessel, product is drawn off from the vessel.

Method for making diperoxyacids

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR BRINGING A GAS AND A LIQUID INTO CONTACT WITH ONE ANOTHER

Reactor

LAZAREV REACTOR 1: PRODUCTION OF FILMS OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL POLYMERS

СПОСОБ СИНТЕЗА ЦЕОЛИТА ПРИ ПЕРЕМЕШИВАНИИ СРЕДЫ ДО ГОМОГЕННОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ, УСТРОЙСТВО И ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ

Изобретение касается способа синтеза цеолита исходя из реакционной среды, содержащей, в частности, источник трехвалентного алюминия, источник четырехвалентного кремния, по меньшей мере, один катион щелочного или щелочноземельного металла в виде гидроксида и воду. Способ осуществляют в реакторе, содержащем подвижный сплошной спиральный элемент, расположенный в направляющей трубе, определяющей внутреннее пространство трубы и наружное по отношению к этой трубе пространство. Реакционная среда циркулирует в реакторе в виде непрерывного потока, протекая при этом через внутреннее пространство трубы и затем через наружное по отношению к трубе пространство, возвращаясь во внутреннее пространство трубы, причем циркуляция среды осуществляется лишь благодаря вращению подвижного спирального элемента со скоростью менее 500 об/мин в неподвижной трубе. Температура реакционной смеси поддерживается на уровне температуры, необходимой для осуществления по меньшей мере одной из двух операций: зарождения или ...

РЕАКТОРНАЯ СИСТЕМА И СПОСОБ МОДИФИКАЦИИ ДРЕВЕСИНЫ

Изобретение относится к реакторной системе и способу ацетилирования лигноцеллюлозных материалов, в частности твердой древесины. Реакторная система содержит реакционный сосуд, имеющий закрываемое отверстие, выполненное с возможностью введения лигноцеллюлозного материала, вакуумный соединитель, выполненный с возможностью создания разрежения в реакционном сосуде, жидкостный вход и/или жидкостный выход для ацетилирующей текучей среды, газовый вход и газовый выход, соединенные с первым контуром для потока газа, который содержит линию для потока газа, соединяющую газовый вход и газовый выход, причем линия для потока газа соединена с теплообменником и вентилятором, а вход и выход первого контура для потока газа расположены так, чтобы обеспечивать циркуляцию газа по диаметру реакционного сосуда. Изобретение обеспечивает эффективное удаление ацетилирующей среды из древесины и возможность увеличения срока эксплуатации оборудования ацетилирования. 4 н. и 13 з.п. ф-лы, 7 ил.

СПОСОБ СМЕШИВАНИЯ ГАЗА И ЖИДКОСТИ И АППАРАТ ДЛЯ РАСТВОРЕНИЯ ГАЗА В ЖИДКОСТИ

Предложен способ смешивания газа и жидкости и аппарат для растворения газа в жидкости, такой, как пищевое масло для дезодорации, гидрирования или других целей. Изобретение включает рециркуляцию жидкости из закрытой емкости через эжектор и обратно в жидкость и соединение вакуумного конца эжектора с верхним газовым пространством для втягивания газа вниз в жидкость. Предпочтительно аппарат содержит импеллер для всасывания газа вниз из верхнего газового пространства, если жидкость находится на рабочем уровне.

СПОСОБ ВЫСОКОГО ДАВЛЕНИЯ ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ЧИСТОГО МЕЛАМИНА В ВЕРТИКАЛЬНОМ РЕАКТОРЕ СИНТЕЗА

... 1. Способ высокого давления для получения чистого меламина путем пиролиза мочевины в вертикальном реакторе синтеза, отличающийся тем, что реактор синтеза содержит три расположенные вертикально друг над другом ступени, причем а) на первой, самой высокой ступени меньшую часть общего количества мочевины помещают в центральную трубу первого емкостного реактора и образуют первую меламинсодержащую реакционную среду; б) на второй, средней ступени первую меламинсодержащую реакционную среду и большую часть общего количества мочевины помещают в центральную трубу второго емкостного реактора и образуют вторую меламинсодержащую реакционную среду, после чего в) на третьей, самой низкой ступени вторую меламинсодержащую реакционную среду помещают в вертикальный проточный трубчатый реактор и образуют расплав исходного меламина, который затем произвольным образом обрабатывают и получают чистый меламин. 2. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что меньшая часть общего количества мочевины составляет 30-40 мас.% ...

Реактор

Изобретение относ i.-us 1 учлш аппаратов химической ч темности и может быть испольюван i :ч i мешення жидких и га юс бранны ( о шых компо центов, для и химичсскло i-м имодеи ствия, в частности т, :я ней rjnV и г i ,о образным аммиаком и р IF-ан 1ц, 1 пульпы в произвогсгве (.ложных ных удобрений и позвогяст повыон-г р н водительность и снизить niaipa :-i Реактор выполнен в ви ie чнлин v. v корпуса с крышкой и дни пи ч i шего многоярусные мета IKH ч-п..,к с IOCHO на вертт 1ьном на и о н i м м i в перфорированном кониче -г ом .фф, штуцера для ч во и аммиака и м i,. ri ной ПУЛЬПЫ и вывода pt HLHH Одна из мета он выполт на бо ihiui и i метра а перфорирон шныи 1ИФФ - чы по тон п ви ie v (()тм i/m i i основание которого рчсрп i ,ш н . м г т ,, тению к ТНИ1ПЛ Kopi r,i, ти рфораи i u porn имесг виг чро(ечны те i-м щепных в ю ib мо обрч ннестков ч направ.ч1 : и n i .ЧМПа.ЮЧ ПрИ Ифф, l;p UK1 l ll И Р МСГРО 1 Тр бО17Г ОВО ,.;Г V.OOT 1 1 Г ч1П, п псрами ai агмв i i i ) )п;оложрннч .мюр, х , ро .к d) ...

Реактор-полимеризатор

Изобретение относится к химическому оборудованию и может быть использовано для проведения реакций полимеризации жидких полимеров в присутствии катализатора . Цель - уменьшение потерь сырья и готового продукта путем предотвращения осаждения твердой фазы при аварийной остановке . Для этого реактор-полимеризатор снабжен высокооборотными винтами, каждый из которых размещен в одной из тепло- обменных труб, Площади проходных сечений теплообменных труб выбраны равными между собой, а их сумма выбрана равной площади проходного сечения циркуляционной трубы. Установка высокооборотных винтов во всех теплообменных трубах позволяет при аварийном отключении одного из них обеспечить движение суспензии в соответствующей трубе за счет перепада давлений между разделительными перегородками, которое создается работающими винтами. Это позволяет устранить осаждение твердой фазы. Выполнение теплообменных труб с равными проходными сечениями и суммарным сечением, равным проходному сечению циркуляционной трубы, обеспечивает ...

VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUM MISCHEN VON GASEN UND FLUESSIGKEITEN.

Improvements in or relating to the production of alkyl aluminium compounds

... Alkyl aluminium compounds of general formula AlR3 in which R represents a lower alkyl radical are converted into compounds having higher alkyl radicals than the starting material by a process in which they are sprayed into a stream of ethylene being conveyed at a flow velocity of 1 to 50 m/minute and with a residence time of 1 to 20 minutes through a reaction chamber maintained at a temperature between 120 DEG and 200 DEG C., the reaction chamber having a diameter up to 3 cm. and a length at least 1,000 times the diameter. It is preferred that the starting material should contain at least two carbon atoms. The apparatus comprises a reactor A, a condenser B, a pressure separator C, a regulating valve D, a flow meter E, a circulation compressor F, a pump G for liquid under pressure and a mixing component H. The reactor A consists of a copper tube, suitable dimensions being a diameter of 8 mm. and length 40 metres (capacity 2 litres). This is wound with a 3% inclination ...

PROCESS FOR PREPARATION OF URANIUM TETRAFLUORIDE

Vessel for Chemical Reactions Effected at High Temperatures and High Pressures

... 1,198,778. Pressure vessels; heat exchangers. N. E. VTSHNEVSKY, V. M. BARANOVSKY and S. N. DOROFEEV. 28 June, 1968, No. 30917/68. Heading B1X. A vessel, in which chemical reactions may be carried out at high temperature and high pressure, contains a tubular heat exchanger in the form of an array of pipes which are connected to each other by partition plates and the ends of which are in communication with annular headers; the vessel also contains means for produring forced circulation of reaction medium which is present in the vessel, which circulation means preferably is situated at one end of the heat exchanger so that reaction medium present in the vessel will be directed along the annular gap defined between the heat exchanger and the wall of the vessel and also through the space defined inside the heat exchanger. As illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, pressure vessel 3 contains a heat exchanger 1 in the form of an array of pipes 2 which are interconnected by partition plates 4 thereby to ...

Reaction apparatus for continuous operation

... 713,692. Mixing appliances ; centrifugal machines. HOUILLERES DU BASSIN DU NORD ET DU PAS DE-CALAIS. Feb. 29, 1952. No. 5382/52. Classes 23 and 86 A continuous reaction apparatus for intimately contacting several reagents comprises twocoaxial vessels 1, 2, Fig. 1, in communication with one another through an overflow arrangement at the upper end and through a discharge pump at the lower end, the several reagents being introduced separately into the bottom of the central vessel 1, as by tubes 13, 14, the reagents being discharged through a second overflow arrangement into a pipe 16 at a level above that of the overflow arrangement through which the vessels 1 and 2 communicate with each other. The discharge pump comprises a fixed disc 5, Fig. 3, having an axial opening 7 and carrying agitating vanes 8 upon its lower surface, and a rotatable disc 9 having similar vanes 12 on its upper surface disposed to permit free relative movement to the agitating vanes 8. The disc 5 is located in an opening ...

REACTOR FOR THE EXECUTION OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS WITH DIMENSION REDUCTION THE CELEBRATIONS OF THE MATERIALS.

POLYMERIZATION REACTOR

PROCEDURE FOR THE CONTINUOUS TREATMENT OF ORGANIC SUBSTANCES OF MEANS MICROWAVES

Pump for loop reactor

The present invention relates the use of a pump in a loop reactor for the production of polyethylene, as well as a reactor comprising such pump and methods for producing polyolefin by means of such reactor. The pump according to the invention is characterized in that it is an axial flow impeller circulation pump, wherein the impeller comprises 6 blades and wherein the pump is fixed on a spring supported frame. Use of the pump according to the present invention allows for preparation of homogeneous polyethylene products that meet high quality standards from the complicated ethylene polymerization mixtures while at the same time being produced with low energy consumption.

Methods for producing free flowing dicarboxylic acid crystalline crops

The invention relates to a process for producing free-flowing dicarboxylic acid crystals from an aqueous solution or suspension of the dicarboxylic acid in a crystallizer.

Pump for Loop Reactor

The present invention relates the use of a pump in a loop reactor for the production of polyethylene, as well as a reactor comprising such pump and methods for producing polyolefin by means of such reactor. The pump according to the invention is characterized in that it is an axial flow impeller circulation pump, wherein the impeller comprises 6 blades and wherein the pump is fixed on a spring supported frame. Use of the pump according to the present invention allows for preparation of homogeneous polyethylene products that meet high quality standards from the complicated ethylene polymerization mixtures while at the same time being produced with low energy consumption. 112-. (canceled)13. An axial pump for circulating an olefin polymerization slurry through a loop reactor comprising:an impeller comprising at least 5 blades, wherein the axial pump is fixed on a spring supported frame.14. The axial pump according to claim 13 , wherein the impeller comprises at least 6 blades.15. The axial pump according to claim 13 , wherein the impeller comprises more than 6 blades.16. The axial pump according to claim 13 , wherein the blades have a blade angle ranging between 24° and 26°.17. The axial pump according to claim 13 , wherein the blades are made of inox.18. A loop reactor comprising:interconnected pipes defining a flow path for an olefin polymerization slurry; andan axial pump suitable for maintaining the olefin polymerization slurry in circulation in the loop reactor, wherein the axial pump comprises an impeller comprising at least 5 blades, and wherein the axial pump is fixed on a spring supported frame.19. The loop reactor according to claim 18 , wherein the impeller comprises at least 6 blades.20. The loop reactor according to claim 18 , wherein the impeller comprises more than 6 blades.21. The loop reactor according to claim 18 , wherein the blades have a blade angle ranging between 24° and 26°.22. The loop reactor according to claim 18 , wherein the blades are ...

Processes and Systems for Recovery of Solvents and Target Botanical Compounds

Processes and systems for the recovery of solvents from a feedstock are provided, as well as processes and systems for the recovery of target botanical compounds. The processes and systems include a heated mixing device, in which a feedstock can be simultaneously mixed and heated to vaporize and release a solvent or botanical compound from the feedstock. The vaporized solvent or botanical compound can be condensed and collected as recovered solvent or a recovered botanical compound, 1. A process of recovering a solvent from a feedstock , comprising:(i) feeding the feedstock into a heated mixing device, wherein the feedstock includes the solvent for recovery;(ii) simultaneously mixing and heating the feedstock within the heated mixing device;(iii) forming a vaporized solvent within the heated mixing device;(iv) passively or actively passing the vaporized solvent from the heated mixing device into a condenser;(v) condensing the vaporized solvent in the condenser to form a recovered solvent.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the feedstock comprises a biomass material.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the biomass material comprises hemp-biomass.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein heating the feedstock within the heated mixing device comprises indirectly heating the feedstock.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the heated mixing device comprises a jacketed ribbon blender claim 1 , wherein a heating medium is circulated through a jacket of the jacketed ribbon blender.6. The process of claim 5 , wherein the heating medium comprises a heated oil or steam.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the feedstock has an original solvent content and the method removes from about 95% to about 100% of the solvent content.8. The process of claim 1 , wherein heating the feedstock within the heated mixing device comprises heating the feedstock to about 200 to about 250° C. at atmospheric pressure or under vacuum for about 1 to about 15 hours.9. A botanical evaporation process for ...

SOLUTION CONVEYING AND COOLING APPARATUS

To provide a solution conveying and cooling apparatus that enables removal of a deposit of solid material, or a fouling deposit, inside the apparatus with extremely simple work equipment by fewer on-site workers in a short tune without any dangerous work such as hydroblasting. The solution conveying and cooling apparatus has a rigid outer tube for a cooling medium and a plurality of rigid outer tubes for solution arranged parallel to each other inside the rigid outer tube for a cooling medium. A thin inner tube is disposed inside each of the rigid outer tubes for solution, this thin inner tube having an outer diameter smaller than an inner diameter of the rigid outer tube for solution at normal temperature and pressure, and expanding by an increase in at least one of temperature and pressure of a solution conveyed and as a result contacting with an inner surface of the rigid outer tube for solution that is cooled by the cooling medium. 1. A solution conveying and cooling apparatus having a rigid outer tube for a cooling medium and a plurality of rigid outer tubes for solution arranged parallel to each other inside the rigid outer tube for a cooling medium , the apparatus being characterized in thata thin inner tube is disposed inside each of said rigid outer tubes for solution, said thin inner tube having an outer diameter smaller than an inner diameter of said rigid outer tube for solution at normal temperature and pressure, expanding by an increase in at least one of temperature and pressure of a solution conveyed and, as a result, contacting with an inner surface of said rigid outer tube for solution, and moreover contracting in diameter, by cooling or pressure drop of said solution.2. The solution conveying and cooling apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein said thin inner tube is made of an SUS300-based stainless steel.3. The solution conveying and cooling apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein said thin inner tube is made of an aluminum alloy.4. The ...

COMPOSITE MATERIAL PREPARATION SYSTEM AND METHOD EFFECTIVELY IMPROVING COMPOSITE MATERIAL INTERFACE BONDING

A composite material preparation system comprises a sealed reaction kettle for containing reactants and base materials; temperature and pressure detecting units for detecting the temperature and pressure inside the reaction kettle; and a heating unit for hydrothermally induced heating, based on the detected temperature and pressure values. The heating unit comprises an induction coil, an induction heating device, and a control mechanism for controlling the generation of an induction frequency of the induction heating device. The reaction kettle is located in the induction coil, both ends of the induction coil are mounted on an outer wall of the induction heating device, and the induction coil and the induction heating device have circulating water introduced inside. The device can prepare a composite material having good interface bonding, by utilizing induced heating under the premise of controllable temperature and pressure, and by utilizing the characteristic that the reactants themselves are heated. 1. A method for preparing a composite material with a composite material preparation system , the composite material preparation system comprising:a sealed reaction kettle for containing reactants and matrix materials;a temperature detecting unit for detecting the temperature in the reaction kettle;a pressure detecting unit for detecting the pressure in the reaction kettle; anda heating unit for hydrothermal induction heating of the reaction kettle, based on a temperature value detected by the temperature detecting unit and a pressure value detected by the pressure detecting unit;wherein the heating unit comprises an induction coil, an induction heating device, and a control mechanism for controlling the induction frequency of the induction heating device, andwherein the reaction kettle is located in the induction coil, both ends of the induction coil are mounted on an outer wall of the induction heating device, and circulating water is circulated inside the ...

LAZAREV REACTOR 1 : PRODUCTION OF FILMS OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL POLYMERS

The present disclosure provides Lazarev reactor that sustains reaction of two dimensional polymerization on the interface of two immiscible solutions A and B carrying components of reaction to the interface where reaction takes place and produces film of two dimensional polymer layers that are pulled out of reactor and rolled up on roll after drying excess of solvent out. 1. A Lazarev chemical reactor comprising:a reaction vessel having an inside and an outside;a roller located inside of the reaction vessel configured to draw a two-dimensional polymer film material out from a fluid interface of a first solution and a second solution.2. The Lazarev chemical reactor of wherein a depth of the roller inside the reaction vessel is chosen to be the depth of the fluid interface.3. The Lazarev chemical reactor of further comprising a first liquid circulation loop and a second liquid circulation loop claim 1 , wherein the first liquid circulation loop is configured to circulate the first solution through the inside of the reaction vessel and the second liquid circulation loop is configured to circulate the second solution through the inside of the reaction and wherein the first and second liquid circulation loops operate separately from one another.4. The Lazarev chemical reactor of further comprising a first container coupled to the reaction vessel a second container coupled to the reaction vessel wherein the first container is configured to hold the first solution and the second container is configured to hold the second solution and wherein the first and second solutions are configured to provide their contents to the reaction vessel.5. The Lazarev chemical reactor of claim 1 , further comprising an evaporator configured to remove solvent vapor that is generated during drying of a polymer film material.6. The Lazarev chemical reactor of further comprising a dryer configured to dry out the polymer film material and wherein the dryer is located above the reaction vessel and ...

REDUCED FOULING PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF METHYL METHACRYLATE

Fouling of an MMA process is reduced by strategically removing an aqueous slip stream. 1. A process comprising: (a) contacting MAM with methanol in an aqueous reaction medium in an esterification reaction zone in the presence of an acidic raw material to produce a first stream comprising MMA , water , methanol , acidic raw material and MAA; (b) phase separating the first stream in a first phase separating apparatus into a first aqueous phase comprising the acidic raw material , and a first organic liquid product phase comprising MMA , methanol and MAA; (c) taking a first organic stream from the first organic liquid product phase , and neutralizing the MAA of the first organic stream with ammonia to produce a neutralized stream comprising MMA , methanol and ammonium methacrylate; (d) optionally adding water to the neutralized stream; (e) phase separating the neutralized stream in a second phase separating apparatus into an organic layer comprising MMA and an aqueous layer comprising methanol and ammonium methacrylate , the layers having a common interface; and (f) removing a polymer-removing stream from the phase separating apparatus at or below the height of the interface.2. The process of wherein the polymer comprises polymethylmethacrylate.3. The process of wherein the acidic raw material comprises sulfuric acid claim 1 , oleum claim 1 , or a mixture thereof.4. The process of wherein water is added to the neutralized stream.5. The process of further comprising (g) removing from the second phase separating apparatus a second aqueous stream comprising a portion of the aqueous layer.6. The process of wherein the polymer-removing stream has a relative size compared to the second aqueous stream claim 5 , and the relative size is from 0.1 to 7% of the size of the second aqueous stream.7. The process of wherein the relative size of the polymer-removing stream is from 0.5 to 4%.8. The process of wherein the relative size of the polymer-removing stream is from 1 to 2%.9. ...

AMMONIA-BASED MULTI-ZONE DOUBLE-LOOP PROCESS FOR ULTRALOW EMISSION OF MULTI-POLLUTANT

An ammonia-based multi-zone double-loop process for ultra-low emission of multi-pollutant. From an absorption tower inlet, the flue gas successively passes through cooling concentration crystallization, sulfur oxide absorption, water washing and purifying and dust and mist removing zones, which are separated by gas permeable liquid collecting plates, forming clean flue gas and discharged from an outlet. The cooling concentration crystallization zone, the sulfur oxide absorption zone, and the water washing and purifying zone are respectively provided with a plurality of sprayers, and respectively use a concentration liquid, an absorption liquid, and a water washing liquid as spraying liquids. The absorption, concentration and water washing liquids, after converging respectively, into absorption, concentration crystallization and water washing circulation tanks, the absorption, concentration and water washing liquids, respectively, are sprayed in a circulating manner through absorption, concentration and water washing pumps. 1. An ammonia-based multi-zone double-loop process for ultralow emission of multi-pollutant , comprising:successively passing a flue gas through a cooling concentration crystallization zone, a sulfur oxide absorption zone, a water washing and purifying zone, and a dust and mist removing zone to form a clean flue gas after the flue gas enters from an inlet of an absorption tower, and discharging the clean flue gas from an outlet; wherein, the cooling concentration crystallization zone, the sulfur oxide absorption zone, the water washing and purifying zone, and the dust and mist removing zone are separated by gas permeable liquid collecting plates; the cooling concentration crystallization zone, the sulfur oxide absorption zone, and the water washing and purifying zone are respectively provided with a plurality of sprayers, and spraying liquids of the cooling concentration crystallization zone, the sulfur oxide absorption zone, and the water washing ...

Solution Polymerization Process and Product Control Using Effluent Density

A method for monitoring polymerization processes can include reacting by polymerization a feedstock in the presence of a catalyst in a reactor to produce an effluent comprising a polymer and a solvent; measuring a density of the effluent; and calculating a monomer conversion rate and/or a polymerization rate for the polymerization based on the density of the effluent. A system for monitoring polymerization processes can include a reactor containing an effluent comprising a solvent, a polymer, and a monomer; a flash vessel fluidly coupled to the reactor to receive the effluent from the reactor; and an inline density meter fluidly coupled to the reactor, placed between the reactor and the flash vessel, and configured to measure a density of the effluent. 1. A method comprisingreacting by polymerization a feedstock in the presence of a catalyst in a reactor to produce an effluent comprising a polymer and a solvent;measuring a density of the effluent; andcalculating a monomer conversion rate and/or a polymerization rate for the polymerization based on the density of the effluent.2. The method of further comprising:calculating a property of the polymer in the effluent based on the density of the effluent, wherein the property of the polymer is selected from the group consisting of a molecular weight, a melt flow rate, and a combination thereof; andchanging the property of the polymer by changing a reaction condition based on a correlation between the reaction condition, the density of the effluent, and the property of the polymer, wherein the reaction condition is selected from the group consisting of a monomer concentration in the feedstock, a reaction temperature, a catalyst feed rate to the reactor, and any combination thereof.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the monomer concentration in the feedstock is in a range from about 20 wt % to about 60 wt %.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the reaction temperature is in a range from about 50° C. to about 220° C.5. The ...

Catalyst injection in low temperature polymerizations

Catalyst slurry feeding assembly for a polymerization reactor

A catalyst slurry for a polymerization reactor can be prepared in a mixing tank and the catalyst slurry fed to one or more storage tanks. The storage tanks can include agitators so that the catalyst slurry is maintained at an essentially homogeneous solids-to-liquid ratio. From the storage tank(s), the catalyst slurry can be pumped to the polymerization reactor along a fluid passage having a flow meter. The flow of the catalyst slurry can be continuous and/or adjusted based on a measured parameter. The catalyst slurry may be continuously and reliably fed to the polymerization reactor.

Catalyst slurry feeding assembly for a polymerization reactor

A catalyst slurry for a polymerization reactor can be prepared in a mixing tank and the catalyst slurry fed to one or more storage tanks. The storage tanks can include agitators so that the catalyst slurry is maintained at an essentially homogeneous solids-to-liquid ratio. From the storage tank(s), the catalyst slurry can be pumped to the polymerization reactor along a fluid passage having a flow meter. The flow of the catalyst slurry can be continuous and/or adjusted based on a measured parameter. The catalyst slurry may be continuously and reliability fed to the polymerization reactor.

Catalyst slurry feeding assembly for a polymerization reactor

A catalyst slurry for a polymerization reactor can be prepared in a mixing tank and the catalyst slurry fed to one or more storage tanks. The storage tanks can include agitators so that the catalyst slurry is maintained at an essentially homogeneous solids-to-liquid ratio. From the storage tank(s), the catalyst slurry can be pumped to the polymerization reactor along a fluid passage having a flow meter. The flow of the catalyst slurry can be continuous and/or adjusted based on a measured parameter. The catalyst slurry may be continuously and reliability fed to the polymerization reactor.

Catalyst slurry feeding assembly for a polymerization reactor

A catalyst slurry for a polymerization reactor can be prepared in a mixing tank and the catalyst slurry fed to one or more storage tanks. The storage tanks can include agitators so that the catalyst slurry is maintained at an essentially homogeneous solids-to-liquid ratio. From the storage tank(s), the catalyst slurry can be pumped to the polymerization reactor along a fluid passage having a flow meter. The flow of the catalyst slurry can be continuous and/or adjusted based on a measured parameter. The catalyst slurry may be continuously and reliability fed to the polymerization reactor.

Catalyst slurry feeding assembly for a polymerization reactor

A catalyst slurry for a polymerization reactor (42) can be prepared in a mixing tank (14) and the catalyst slurry fed to one or more storage tanks (18). The storage tanks can include agitators (54) so that the catalyst slurry is maintained at an essentially homogeneous solids-to-liquid ratio. From the storage tank(s), the catalyst slurry can be pumped (26) to the polymerization reactor (42) along a fluid passage (34) having a flow meter (38). The flow of the catalyst slurry can be continuous and/or adjusted based on a measured parameter. The catalyst slurry may be continuously and reliability fed to the polymerization reactor (42).

Process for ethylene polymerization with improved ethylene feed system

본 발명은 에틸렌 및 선택적으로 하나 이상의 C 3 내지 C 10 알파-올레핀을 슬러리 내에서 중합시킴으로써 폴리에틸렌을 제조하는 방법으로서, 상기 중합이 반응기의 내용물을 혼합하고 슬러리 흐름을 유도하기 위한 교반기를 구비한 원통형 중합 반응기 내에서 수행되고, 상기 에틸렌이, 상기 하단 반응기 헤드를 통해 또는 상기 반응기 벽을 통해 돌출하고 반응기 내로 내부 직경 D의 0.02배 내지 0.5배 연장한 하나 이상의 주입 노즐을 포함하는 에틸렌 주입 시스템에 의해 반응기 내로 공급되며, 상기 에틸렌이 10 m/s 내지 200 m/s의 배출 속도로 주입 노즐로부터 나오는 것인 방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a process for the production of polyethylene by polymerizing ethylene and optionally one or more C 3 to C 10 alpha-olefins in a slurry, wherein said polymerization is carried out in the form of a cylinder having an agitator for mixing the contents of the reactor and for inducing slurry flow Wherein the ethylene is injected into the reactor by means of an ethylene injection system comprising at least one injection nozzle extending through the bottom reactor head or through the reactor wall and extending 0.02 to 0.5 times the internal diameter D into the reactor Wherein the ethylene is withdrawn from the injection nozzle at an exit velocity of 10 m / s to 200 m / s.

Pump for loop reactor

본 발명은 폴리에틸렌의 제조를 위한 루프형 반응기 내의 펌프의 용도, 뿐만 아니라 이와 같은 펌프를 포함하는 반응기 및 이와 같은 반응기에 의해 폴리올레핀을 제조하기 위한 방법에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 따른 펌프는 축류 임펠러 순환 펌프인 것을 특징으로 하고, 여기서 상기 임펠러는 6 개의 블레이드를 포함하고, 상기 펌프는 스프링 지지된 프레임 상에 고정된다. 본 발명에 따른 펌프를 사용하면 복잡한 에틸렌 중합 혼합물로부터 높은 품질 기준에 부합하는 균일한 폴리에틸렌 생성물의 제조가 가능하고, 동시에 낮은 에너지 소모로 제조된다. The present invention relates to the use of a pump in a looped reactor for the production of polyethylene, as well as to a reactor comprising such a pump and to a process for producing a polyolefin by such a reactor. The pump according to the present invention is characterized by being an axial flow impeller circulation pump, wherein the impeller comprises six blades, and the pump is fixed on a spring-supported frame. The use of the pump according to the invention makes it possible to produce homogeneous polyethylene products which meet the high quality standards from complex ethylene polymerization mixtures, while at the same time being produced with low energy consumption.

Pump for loop reactor

The present invention relates the use of a pump in a loop reactor for the production of polyethylene, as well as a reactor comprising such pump and methods for producing polyolefin by means of such reactor. The pump according to the invention is characterized in that it is an axial flow impeller circulation pump, wherein the impeller comprises 6 blades and wherein the pump is fixed on a spring supported frame. Use of the pump according to the present invention allows for preparation of homogeneous polyethylene products that meet high quality standards from the complicated ethylene polymerization mixtures while at the same time being produced with low energy consumption.

Continuous withdrawal from high solids slurry polymerization

An improved polymerization process includes withdrawing a portion of a fluid slurry through a plurality of active continuous take off mechanisms, monitoring the pressure of feed material fed to the reactor, and adjusting the continuous take off mechanisms in response to the monitored feed line pressure.

Pump for loop reactor

The present invention relates the use of a pump in a loop reactor for the production of polyethylene, as well as a reactor comprising such pump and methods for producing polyolefin by means of such reactor. The pump according to the invention is characterized in that it is an axial flow impeller circulation pump, wherein the impeller comprises 6 blades and wherein the pump is fixed on a spring supported frame. Use of the pump according to the present invention allows for preparation of homogeneous polyethylene products that meet high quality standards from the complicated ethylene polymerization mixtures while at the same time being produced with low energy consumption.

Continuous withdrawal from high solids slurry polymerization

An improved polymerization process includes withdrawing a portion of a fluid slurry through a plurality of active continuous take off mechanisms, monitoring the pressure of feed material fed to the reactor, and adjusting the continuous take off mechanisms in response to the monitored feed line pressure.

Pumping apparatus and process for polymerization in loop reactors

An olefin polymerization process and apparatus wherein a fluid slurry comprising monomer, diluent and catalyst is circulated in a continuous loop reactor by two or more pumps. The process and apparatus allow operating the reaction at significantly higher solids content in the circulating fluid slurry. In a preferred embodiment, the fluid slurry is circulated by two impellers arranged so that the downstream impeller benefits from the rotational energy imparted by the upstream impeller. An olefin polymerization process operating at higher reactor solids by virtue of more aggressive circulation has improved efficiencies, particularly in larger-volume reactors.

一种反应釜

本发明公开了一种反应釜，包括釜体，釜体内设置有由电机驱动的搅拌桨，搅拌桨上设置有若干转动半径可调的曲轴结构，曲轴结构一侧一一对应设置有活塞套，活塞套内活动设置有活塞，曲轴结构与活塞之间设置有连杆，连杆两端分别与曲轴结构和活塞转动连接，活塞套底部设置有进液口和出液口，进液口和出液口上设置有与其流向匹配的单向阀，若干进液口通过管道连接釜体的底部，若干出液口通过管道一一对应的连接有喷头，若干喷头的进液端设置文丘里管，若干文丘里管的吸液口均连接有进料通道，若干进料通道上均设置有与其流向匹配的单向阀。该种反应釜可防止反应釜底部的物料沉底和分层，并且自动按比例的吸取反应物料。

Pumping apparatus and process for polymerization in loop reactors

An olefin polymerization process and apparatus wherein a fluid slurry comprising monomer, diluent and catalyst is circulated in a continuous loop reactor by two or more pumps. The process and apparatus allow operating the reaction at significantly higher solids content in the circulating fluid slurry. In a preferred embodiment, the fluid slurry is circulated by two impellers arranged so that the downstream impeller benefits from the rotational energy imparted by the upstream impeller. An olefin polymerization process operating at higher reactor solids by virtue of more aggressive circulation has improved efficiencies, particularly in larger-volume reactors.

Pumping apparatus and process for polymerization in loop reactors

An olefin polymerization process and apparatus wherein a fluid slurry comprising monomer, diluent and catalyst is circulated in a continuous loop reactor by two or more pumps. The process and apparatus allow operating the reaction at significantly higher solids content in the circulating fluid slurry. In a preferred embodiment, the fluid slurry is circulated by two impellers arranged so that the downstream impeller benefits from the rotational energy imparted by the upstream impeller. An olefin polymerization process operating at higher reactor solids by virtue of more aggressive circulation has improved efficiencies, particularly in larger-volume reactors.

Pumping apparatus and process for polymerization in loop reactors

An olefin polymerization process and apparatus wherein a fluid slurry comprising monomer, diluent and catalyst is circulated in a continuous loop reactor by two or more pumps. The process and apparatus allow operating the reaction at significantly higher solids content in the circulating fluid slurry. In a preferred embodiment, the fluid slurry is circulated by two impellers arranged so that the downstream impeller benefits from the rotational energy imparted by the upstream impeller. An olefin polymerization process operating at higher reactor solids by virtue of more aggressive circulation has improved efficiencies, particularly in larger-volume reactors.

Pumping apparatus and process for polymerization in loop reactors

An olefin polymerization process and apparatus wherein a fluid slurry comprising monomer, diluent and catalyst is circulated in a continuous loop reactor by two or more pumps. The process and apparatus allow operating the reaction at significantly higher solids content in the circulating fluid slurry. In a preferred embodiment, the fluid slurry is circulated by two impellers arranged so that the downstream impeller benefits from the rotational energy imparted by the upstream impeller. An olefin polymerization process operating at higher reactor solids by virtue of more aggressive circulation has improved efficiencies, particularly in larger-volume reactors.

一种反应釜

本发明公开了一种反应釜，包括釜体，釜体内设置有由电机驱动的搅拌桨，搅拌桨上设置有若干转动半径可调的曲轴结构，曲轴结构一侧一一对应设置有活塞套，活塞套内活动设置有活塞，曲轴结构与活塞之间设置有连杆，连杆两端分别与曲轴结构和活塞转动连接，活塞套底部设置有进液口和出液口，进液口和出液口上设置有与其流向匹配的单向阀，若干进液口通过管道连接釜体的底部，若干出液口通过管道一一对应的连接有喷头，若干喷头的进液端设置文丘里管，若干文丘里管的吸液口均连接有进料通道，若干进料通道上均设置有与其流向匹配的单向阀。该种反应釜可防止反应釜底部的物料沉底和分层，并且自动按比例的吸取反应物料。

Process for ethylene polymerization with improved ethylene feed system

Mixer systems

The invention consists of a system for circulating a liquid medium in a tank, said system comprising: a) a tank for holding said liquid medium; b) a draft tube positioned entirely within said tank and defining a generally cylindrical region within the draft tube and an annular region between the draft tube wall and the tank wall; c) a plurality of impellers disposed in said draft tube and rotatable about an axis which establish flow of said liquid medium in opposite directions in said cylindrical and annular regions; and d) a plurality of baffles positioned within said draft tube having a radial width extending from said draft tube toward said axis and extending axially between said impellers; wherein the ratio of the draft tube diameter to the tank diameter is within the range of about 0,35 to 0,75 and wherein said impellers are positioned from one another along said axis within a distance of about 0,7 to 1,30 impeller diameters and wherein the ratio of the radial width of said bafflesto the diameter of said draft tube is at least 0.1. <IMAGE>

Catalyst slurry feeding assembly for a polymerization reactor

Pump for loop reactor

The present invention relates the use of a pump in a loop reactor for the production of polyethylene, as well as a reactor comprising such pump and methods for producing polyolefin by means of such reactor. The pump according to the invention is characterized in that it is an axial flow impeller circulation pump, wherein the impeller comprises 6 blades and wherein the pump is fixed on a spring supported frame. Use of the pump according to the present invention allows for preparation of homogeneous polyethylene products that meet high quality standards from the complicated ethylene polymerization mixtures while at the same time being produced with low energy consumption.

Continuous withdrawal from high solids slurry polymerization

An improved polymerization process includes withdrawing a portion of a fluid slurry through a plurality of active continuous take off mechanisms, monitoring the pressure of feed material fed to the reactor, and adjusting the continuous take off mechanisms in response to the monitored feed line pressure.

Pumping apparatus for slurry polymerization in loop reactors

An olefin polymerization process and apparatus wherein a fluid slurry comprising monomer, diluent and catalyst is circulated in a continuous loop reactor by two or more pumps. The process and apparatus allow operating the reaction at significantly higher solids content in the circulating fluid slurry. In a preferred embodiment, the fluid slurry is circulated by two impellers arranged so that the downstream impeller benefits from the rotational energy imparted by the upstream impeller. An olefin polymerization process operating at higher reactor solids by virtue of more aggressive circulation has improved efficiencies, particularly in larger-volume reactors.

Improved pumping apparatus and process for slurry polymerization

There is disclosed a loop reactor apparatus comprising: a plurality of major segments; a plurality of minor segments, each minor segment connecting two of the major segments to each other, whereby the major and minor segments form a continuous flow path for carrying slurry; a monomer feed attached to one of the segments; a catalyst feed attached to one of the segments; a product take-off attached to one of the segments; a pump within an arced pump case, the pump case being positioned in one of the segments, the pump having at least one impeller mounted on a shaft, the impeller having blades that are oriented at an angle between 0 to 90 degrees to the shaft, the pump having a bulge positioned along the shaft proximate the at least one impeller, such that a curved flow path is defined between the bulge and the pump case, the flow path being disposed such that the slurry flows by the blades and is redirected out of the pump case by the flow path; and wherein the pump further includes guide vanes situated along the flow path to redirect the rotational flow of the slurry upon discharge from the impeller. A polymerization process using the loop reactor apparatus is also disclosed.

Continuous withdrawal from high solids slurry polymerization

An improved polymerization process includes withdrawing a portion of a fluid slurry through a plurality of active continuous take off mechanisms, monitoring the pressure of feed material fed to the reactor, and adjusting the continuous take off mechanisms in response to the monitored feed line pressure.

Improved pumping apparatus and process for slurry polymerization in loop reactors

An olefin polymerization process and apparatus wherein a fluid slurry comprising monomer, diluent and catalyst is circulated in a continuous loop reactor by two or more pumps (100, 102). The process and apparatus allow operating the reaction at significantly higher solids content in the circulating fluid slurry. In a preferred embodiment, the fluid slurry is circulated by two impellers (22a, 22b) arranged so that the downstream impeller (22a) benefits from the rotational energy imparted by the upstream impeller (22b). An olefin polymerization process operating at higher reactor solids by virtue of more aggressive circulation has improved efficiencies, particularly in larger-volume reactors.

Improved pumping apparatus and process for slurry polymerization in loop reactors

An olefin polymerization process and apparatus wherein a fluid slurry comprising monomer, diluent and catalyst is circulated in a continuous loop reactor by two or more pumps (100, 102). The process and apparatus allow operating the reaction at significantly higher solids content in the circulating fluid slurry. In a preferred embodiment, the fluid slurry is circulated by two impellers (22a, 22b) arranged so that the downstream impeller (22a) benefits from the rotational energy imparted by the upstream impeller (22b). An olefin polymerization process operating at higher reactor solids by virtue of more aggressive circulation has improved efficiencies, particularly in larger-volume reactors.

Pumping apparatus and process for slurry polymerization in loop reactors

An olefin polymerization process and apparatus wherein a fluid slurry comprising monomer, diluent and catalyst is circulated in a continuous loop reactor by two or more pumps. The process and apparatus allow operating the reaction at significantly higher solids content in the circulating fluid slurry. In a preferred embodiment, the fluid slurry is circulated by two impellers arranged so that the downstream impeller benefits from the rotational energy imparted by the upstream impeller. An olefin polymerization process operating at higher reactor solids by virtue of more aggressive circulation has improved efficiencies, particularly in larger-volume reactors.

Improved pumping apparatus and process for slurry polymerization in loop reactors

An olefin polymerization process and apparatus wherein a fluid slurry comprising monomer, diluent and catalyst is circulated in a continuous loop reactor by two or more pumps (100, 102). The process and apparatus allow operating the reaction at significantly higher solids content in the circulating fluid slurry. In a preferred embodiment, the fluid slurry is circulated by two impellers (22a, 22b) arranged so that the downstream impeller (22a) benefits from the rotational energy imparted by the upstream impeller (22b). An olefin polymerization process operating at higher reactor solids by virtue of more aggressive circulation has improved efficiencies, particularly in larger-volume reactors.

Improved pumping apparatus and process for slurry polymerization in loop reactors

An olefin polymerization process and apparatus wherein a fluid slurry comprising monomer, diluent and catalyst is circulated in a continuous loop reactor by two or more pumps (100, 102). The process and apparatus allow operating the reaction at significantly higher solids content in the circulating fluid slurry. In a preferred embodiment, the fluid slurry is circulated by two impellers (22a, 22b) arranged so that the downstream impeller (22a) benefits from the rotational energy imparted by the upstream impeller (22b). An olefin polymerization process operating at higher reactor solids by virtue of more aggressive circulation has improved efficiencies, particularly in larger-volume reactors.

Continuous withdrawal from high solids slurry polymerization

An improved polymerization process includes withdrawing a portion of a fluid slurry through a plurality of active continuous take off mechanisms, monitoring the pressure of feed material fed to the reactor, and adjusting the continuous take off mechanisms in response to the monitored feed line pressure.

Continuous withdrawal from high solids slurry polymerization

An improved polymerization process includes withdrawing a portion of a fluid slurry through a plurality of active continuous take off mechanisms, monitoring the pressure of feed material fed to the reactor, and adjusting the continuous take off mechanisms in response to the monitored feed line pressure.

Improved pumping apparatus and process for slurry polymerization in loop reactors

Improved pumping apparatus and process for slurry polymerization in loop reactors

Catalyst slurry feeding assembly for a polymerization reactor

A catalyst slurry for a polymerization reactor can be prepared in a mixing tank and the catalyst slurry fed to one or more storage tanks. The storage tanks can include agitators so that the catalyst slurry is maintained at an essentially homogeneous solids-to-liquid ratio. From the storage tank(s), the catalyst slurry can be pumped to the polymerization reactor along a fluid passage having a flow meter. The flow of the catalyst slurry can be continuous and/or adjusted based on a measured parameter. The catalyst slurry may be continuously and reliability fed to the polymerization reactor.

FEEDING DEVICE OF A CATALYST SUSPENSION FOR A POLYMERIZATION REACTOR.

Un aparato para preparar, medir y alimentar una suspensión de catalizador a un reactor de polimerización, donde el aparato comprende: un tanque de mezclado para mezclar una suspensión de catalizador que comprende un catalizador sólido en un medio líquido, donde el tanque de mezclado comprende un agitador; un tanque de almacenamiento para mantener la suspensión de catalizador, donde el tanque de almacenamiento comprende un agitador y está fluidamente conectado para recibir la suspensión de catalizador desde el tanque de mezclado; una bomba para suministrar la suspensión de catalizador desde el tanque de almacenamiento a un reactor de polimerización a través de un pasaje de fluidos; un caudalímetro adaptado para medir el flujo de la suspensión de catalizador a través del pasaje de fluidos; y un controlador que recibe una señal de flujo del caudalímetro indicativa del flujo de la suspensión de catalizador, donde el controlador ordena a la bomba que ajuste el flujo de la suspensión de catalizador en base a la señal de flujo. An apparatus for preparing, measuring and feeding a catalyst suspension to a polymerization reactor, wherein the apparatus comprises: a mixing tank for mixing a catalyst suspension comprising a solid catalyst in a liquid medium, where the mixing tank comprises a agitator; a storage tank for maintaining the catalyst suspension, where the storage tank comprises an agitator and is fluidly connected to receive the catalyst suspension from the mixing tank; a pump for supplying the catalyst suspension from the storage tank to a polymerization reactor through a fluid passage; a flowmeter adapted to measure the flow of the catalyst suspension through the fluid passage; and a controller that receives a flowmeter signal indicative of the flow of the catalyst suspension, where the controller instructs the pump to adjust the flow of the catalyst suspension based on the flow signal.

반응장치

본 발명은 강제 순환되는 쉘 및 튜브 열교환 반응기는 액체-액체, 기체-액체 및 기체-액체-고체의 발열 반응에 열전달 및 질량 이동을 개선시키는데 사용된다. 본 발명은 반응기는 생산성 및 선택성을 향상시킨다.

Improved polymerisation reactor intended for production of butyl rubber

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to polymerisation reactor, intended for production of butyl rubber by catalytic polymerisation of isobutylene. reactor contains: extended upper head with flowing medium deviator, fixed to upper tube grids, with shape of head and deviator being optimised in order to achieve very uniform rate of suspension in rows of tubes and to minimise drop of pressure, associated with entrance of suspension into tubes, hemispherical lower head with flowing medium deviators, placed between impeller and its lower part and intended for minimisation of pressure drop, associated with turn of flow from downflow to upflow, and straightening separators inside deviating tube, shape and size of which are optimised for transformation of radial components of rate, conditioned by rotation of impeller into axial. EFFECT: invention provides improved thermal efficiency and improved hydraulic efficiency, lower energy consumption and longer duration of reactor cycle. 8 cl, 6 dwg, 2 tbl, 2 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (51) МПК B01J 19/18 (11) (13) 2 561 092 C2 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2013156836/05, 26.05.2011 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 26.05.2011 (73) Патентообладатель(и): КОНСЕР СПА (IT) (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.07.2015 Бюл. № 19 R U Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 26.05.2011 (72) Автор(ы): СИМОЛА Флавио (IT), АППЕТИТИ Альдо (IT), АНДЖЕЛЕТТИ Андреа (IT) (45) Опубликовано: 20.08.2015 Бюл. № 23 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 26.12.2013 (86) Заявка PCT: IT 2011/000177 (26.05.2011) 2 5 6 1 0 9 2 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 5417930 A, 23.05.1995. US 4472061 A, 18.09.1984. US 2999084 A, 05.09.1961. RU 2097122 C1, 27.11.1997. RU 1615935 C, 15.10.1994 2 5 6 1 0 9 2 R U WO 2012/160579 (29.11.2012) Адрес для переписки: 191002, Санкт-Петербург, а/я 5, ООО "Ляпунов и ...

PRODUCTION OF TEREFTALIC ACID WITH EXCELLENT OPTICAL PROPERTIES, THROUGH THE USE OF PURE OR ALMOST PURE OXYGEN, AS THE OXIDIZER IN P-XYLENE OXIDATION

La producción de ácido tereftálico mediante la oxidación de p-xileno se lleva a cabo de tal forma que la concentración de oxígeno, en la fase líquida,se incrementa al máximo a través del uso de oxígeno puro o casi puro, mientras quesimultáneame nte la concentración de alimentación de hidrocarburos se reduceal mínimo a través de la rápida dilución con los contenidos del reactor. The production of terephthalic acid through the oxidation of p-xylene is carried out in such a way that the concentration of oxygen, in the liquid phase, is increased to the maximum through the use of pure or almost pure oxygen, while simultaneously the concentration Hydrocarbon feed is minimized through rapid dilution with the reactor contents.

Polymerization process, process for operating a loop polymerization reactor and process for starting a loop polymerization reactor

Dual shear mixing element

A dual shear mixing element for use in a chemical reactor. The device may be used in processes where liquids of different temperatures need to be thoroughly mixed in a short period of time and solute must stay in solution. The present invention is particularly useful in the solution polymerization of polyolefins, especially in the medium pressure process for the preparation of linear low density polyethylene.

Optimized Liquid-Phase Oxidation

Disclosed is an optimized process and apparatus for more efficiently and economically carrying out the liquid-phase oxidation of an oxidizable compound. Such liquid-phase oxidation is carried out in a bubble column reactor that provides for a highly efficient reaction at relatively low temperatures. When the oxidized compound is para-xylene and the product from the oxidation reaction is crude terephthalic acid (CTA), such CTA product can be purified and separated by more economical techniques than could be employed if the CTA were formed by a conventional high-temperature oxidation process.

用于环流反应器的泵

本发明涉及泵在用于生产聚乙烯的环流反应器中的用途，以及包括这种泵的反应器和通过这样的反应器生产聚烯烃的方法。本发明的泵的特征在于：它是轴流叶轮循环泵，其中所述叶轮包括6个桨叶并且其中该泵固定在弹簧支架上。本发明的泵的使用允许从复杂的乙烯聚合混合物中制备符合高质量标准的均质聚乙烯产物，同时以低的能量消耗生产。

Grease manufacturing apparatus

Broad liquid level gas-liquid mixing operations

A gas-liquid mixing process and apparatus employing two or more stacked impeller-draft tube assemblies adapted to enable effective gas ingestion into a recirculating body of liquid by vortex development to be continued upon an appreciable variation in liquid level during the course of the mixing operation.

Continuous, e.g. emulsion, polymerisation in series of loop reactors - comprises circulation without dead-space with differing controlled temp. and shear for uniform d.p. at each stage without side-reactions

Prod. is continuously circulated without dead space in a first loop with high shear and in at least one following loop with smaller shear so that a fraction of the product stream (d.p.) circulated in each loop is produced at the outlet. The arrangement consists of a connected series of 'Schlaufenreaktoren' (loop or circulating reactors, e.g. DE 3919 828) with different shearing conditions, each reactor constituting a loop. USE/ADVANTAGE - Continuous, e.g. emulsion, polymerisation of one or more monomers, e.g. SBR. The usual reaction vessel with blade stirrers gives intense turbulence and mixing only near the stirrer - even with several reactors in series, the alternate shearing and conveying gives irregular deg. of polymerisation (d.p.) and undesirable side reactions. The circulating reactor is said to avoid these by continuous conveying and uniform shearing of all the product, giving a defined and uniform d.p. at each stage.

Variable liquid level eductor/impeller gas-liquid mixing apparatus and process

Apparatus and process for dissolving a gas in a liquid such as a hot edible oil for deodorizing, hydrogenating or other purposes. The invention comprises recirculating the liquid from a closed container, through an eductor and back into the liquid, and connecting the vacuum end of the eductor to the overhead gas space to draw gas down into the liquid. Preferably the apparatus contains an impeller means for sucking gas down from the overhead space, if the liquid is at an operating level.

Polymerization process using a dual shear mixing element

A dual shear mixing element (1) for use in a chemical reactor (2). The device may be used in processes where liquids of different temperatures need to be thoroughly mixed in a short period of time and solute must stay in solution. The present invention is particularly useful in the solution polymerization of polyolefins, especially in the medium pressure process for the preparation of linear low density polyethylene.

Catalyst slurry feeding assembly for a polymerization reactor

Cleansing of polymerization reactors

用于环流反应器的泵

本发明涉及泵在用于生产聚乙烯的环流反应器中的用途，以及包括这种泵的反应器和通过这样的反应器生产聚烯烃的方法。本发明的泵的特征在于：它是轴流叶轮循环泵，其中所述叶轮包括6个桨叶并且其中该泵固定在弹簧支架上。本发明的泵的使用允许从复杂的乙烯聚合混合物中制备符合高质量标准的均质聚乙烯产物，同时以低的能量消耗生产。

Catalyst slurry feeding assembly for a polymerization reactor

A catalyst slurry for a polymerization reactor (42) can be prepared in a mixing tank (14) and the catalyst slurry fed to one or more storage tanks (18). The storage tanks can include agitators (54) so that the catalyst slurry is maintained at an essentially homogeneous solids-to-liquid ratio. From the storage tank(s), the catalyst slurry can be pumped (26) to the polymerization reactor (42) along a fluid passage (34) having a flow meter (38). The flow of the catalyst slurry can be continuous and/or adjusted based on a measured parameter. The catalyst slurry may be continuously and reliability fed to the polymerization reactor (42).

Optimized liquid-phase oxidation

Disclosed is an optimized process and apparatus for more efficiently and economically carrying out the liquid-phase oxidation of an oxidizable compound. Such liquid-phase oxidation is carried out in a bubble column reactor that provides for a highly efficient reaction at relatively low temperatures. When the oxidized compound is para-xylene and the product from the oxidation reaction is crude terephthalic acid (CTA), such CTA product can be purified and separated by more economical techniques than could be employed if the CTA were formed by a conventional high-temperature oxidation process.

Optimized liquid-phase oxidation

Disclosed is an optimized process and apparatus for more efficiently and economically carrying out the liquid-phase oxidation of an oxidizable compound. Such liquid-phase oxidation is carried out in a bubble column reactor that provides for a highly efficient reaction at relatively low temperatures. When the oxidized compound is para-xylene and the product from the oxidation reaction is crude terephthalic acid (CTA), such CTA product can be purified and separated by more economical techniques than could be employed if the CTA were formed by a conventional high-temperature oxidation process.

Pump for loop reactor

The present invention relates the use of a pump in a loop reactor for the production of polyethylene, as well as a reactor comprising such pump and methods for producing polyolefin by means of such reactor. The pump according to the invention is characterized in that it is an axial flow impeller circulation pump, wherein the impeller comprises 6 blades and wherein the pump is fixed on a spring supported frame. Use of the pump according to the present invention allows for preparation of homogeneous polyethylene products that meet high quality standards from the complicated ethylene polymerization mixtures while at the same time being produced with low energy consumption.

Polymerization of isobutylene with a diolefin

Process for the catalytic low-temperature copolymerization of isoolefins and multiolefins

Antifouling deflector in olefin polymerization reactors

A SEMICIRCULAR FLOW DEFLECTOR IS MOUNTED AT THE DISCHARGE END OF A DRAFT TUBE-TYPE POLYMERIZATION REACTOR THEREBY DIRECTING THE FLOW IN A TURBULENT STREAM ALONG THE OUTER WALL OF THE DRAFT TUBE TO PREVENT FOULING BY THE BUILDUP OF POLYMER PRODUCT ON THE DRAFT TUBE. D R A W I N G

Terephthalic acid production method

산소 또는 산소가 풍부한 기체가 가연성 위험을 감소시킨 반응 시스템에서 테레프탈산 제조에 사용된다. 반응물 및 용매 소모량을 적게하면서, 원치않는 부산물이 적게 생성되고, 기체 취급 비용 및 환경적인 영향이 적은 테레프랄산제조방법이 기재되어 있다.

Process and apparatus for preparing and delivering catalyst slurry to a polymerization reactor

A POLYMERIZATION REACTOR

Supply structure for a catalyst slurry for a polymerization reactor

Catalyst slurry feeding assembly for a polymerization reactor

Catalyst slurry feeding assembly for a polymerization reactor

A catalyst slurry for a polymerization reactor (42) can be prepared in a mixing tank (14) and the catalyst slurry fed to one or more storage tanks (18). The storage tanks can include agitators (54) so that the catalyst slurry is maintained at an essentially homogeneous solids-to-liquid ratio. From the storage tank(s), the catalyst slurry can be pumped (26) to the polymerization reactor (42) along a fluid passage (34) having a flow meter (38). The flow of the catalyst slurry can be continuous and/or adjusted based on a measured parameter. The catalyst slurry may be continuously and reliability fed to the polymerization reactor (42).

Catalyst slurry feeding assembly for a polymerization reactor

A catalyst slurry for a polymerization reactor (42) can be prepared in a mixing tank (14) and the catalyst slurry fed to one or more storage tanks (18). The storage tanks can include agitators (54) so that the catalyst slur ry is maintained at an essentially homogeneous solids-to-liquid ratio. From the storage tank(s), the catalyst slurry can be pumped (26) to the polymerizatio n reactor (42) along a fluid passage (34) having a flow meter (38). The flow o f the catalyst slurry can be continuous and/or adjusted based on a measured parameter. The catalyst slurry may be continuously and reliability fed to th e polymerization reactor (42).

Method of oxidation of organic compounds and system for its embodiment

Использование: нефтехимия. Сущность изобретения: окисление органических соединений проводят чистым или практически чистым кислородом в реакционном аппарате с испарительным охлаждением. При этом реакционный аппарат не содержит охлаждающего средства с прямым механическим контактом. Технический результат: окисление органических соединений, сопровождающееся образованием твердых продуктов или побочных продуктов, облегчается благодаря исключению необходимости прямого контакта поверхностей теплообмена. 2 с. и 9 з.п.ф-лы, 3 ил. зЗ6зЗ07гс ПЧ Го РОССИЙСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (19) ВИ "” 2 140 898 ' 13) СЛ МК" С 07С 51/16, В 01 4 10/00, В ОЛ Е 3/04 12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (21), (22) Заявка: 95107151/04, 10.05.1995 (24) Дата начала действия патента: 10.05.1995 (30) Приоритет: 11.05.1994 Ш$ 08/241,444 (46) Дата публикации: 10.11.1999 (56) Ссылки: ЕР 0264905 АЛ, 20.10.87. ЗЦ 66493 А, 30.12.44. КЦ 2036113 СЛ, 09.06.95. КУ 2064824 СЛ, 10.08.96. Ц$ 4562285 А, 31.12.85. 4$ 4334086 А, 08.06.82. ЕР 0374967 АЛ, 22.12.89. ЕР 0678328 АЛ, 17.04.35. ЕК 2646789 АЛ, 16.11.90. ЕР 0057659 АД, 11.08.82. ЕР 0374967 АЛ, 27.06.90. ЕР 0454140 АЛ, 30.10.91. ЕР 0579251 А\Л, 19.01.94. (98) Адрес для переписки: 129010, Россия Москва, ул.Большая Спасская, 25, стр.3, ООО "Городисский и Партнеры" (71) Заявитель: Праксайр Текнолоджи, Инк. ($) (72) Изобретатель: Джеффри Пол Кингсли (ЦЗ), Анне Кэтрин Роби (0$) (73) Патентообладатель: Праксайр Текнолоджи, Инк. (ЦЗ) (54) СПОСОБ ОКИСЛЕНИЯ ОРГАНИЧЕСКИХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ И СИСТЕМА ДЛЯ ЕГО ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ (57) Реферат: Использование: нефтехимия. Сущность изобретения: окисление органических соединений проводят чистым или практически чистым кислородом в реакционном аппарате с испарительным охлаждением. При этом реакционный аппарат не содержит охлаждающего средства с — прямым механическим контактом. Технический результат: окисление органических соединений, сопровождающееся образованием твердых продуктов или побочных продуктов ...

An apparatus for batch polymerization of polyester

본 발명은 통상의 뱃치식 폴리에스터 중합장치에 박막탑을 연결시켜서된 뱃치식 폴리에스터 중합장치임. The present invention is a batch polyester polymerization apparatus in which a thin film tower is connected to a conventional batch polyester polymerization apparatus. 본 발명은 기존의 폴리에스터 중합장치에 비해 짧은 시간에 폴리에스터를 중합시킬 수 있다. The present invention can polymerize the polyester in a short time compared to the conventional polyester polymerization apparatus. 본 발명은 저분자량의 올리고머를 뱃치식 중합장치의 박막탑 내의 경사판에서 박막상태로 중합시키므로 짧은 시간 내에 중합을 진행시킬 수 있으며 동시에 중축합 반응조에서 중합이 동시에 실시되므로 기존의 중합장치에 비하여 단시간에 중합 반응을 완료시킬 수 있다. The present invention polymerizes a low molecular weight oligomer in a thin film state in a slant plate in a batch polymerization apparatus, so that the polymerization can proceed in a short time and at the same time, the polymerization is simultaneously performed in a polycondensation reaction tank, so that the polymerization can be performed in a short time. The polymerization reaction can be completed.

Polymerizer

Manufacturing apparatus of polymer, polymerization container, and manufacturing method

一种用于制备聚合物树脂的装置，该装置包括聚合容器、轴承部、保护部、循环冷却装置、原料注入喷嘴和流路构成部。保护部形成在保护部和搅拌轴的侧面之间的第一流路。循环冷却装置包括循环进口喷嘴，其设置在突出部的侧面上，与保护部相对。流路构成部设置在轴承部和保护部之间，以覆盖搅拌轴的侧面，固定轴承部和保护部。这种流路构成部形成在搅拌轴的侧面和流路构成部之间的第二流路，以及用于连接第二流路与原料注入喷嘴的第三流路。第一至第三流路构成连续的流路，并且第一流路的最上端向突出部的内部敞开。所述的间隙、第一流路除最上端以外的部分、第二流路和第三流路与突出部的内部隔离。

Polymerization process using dual shear mixing element

用于化学反应器(2)中的双剪切混合元件(1)。该装置可用于必须在短时间内将不同温度的液体彻底混合并且溶质必须留在溶液中的过程。本发明特别适用于聚烯烃的溶液聚合，尤其适用于中等压力方法制备线性低密度聚乙烯。

Mixing element for a chemical reactor

A dual shear mixing element includes an auger and an impeller for use in a chemical reactor. The device may be used in processes where liquids of different temperatures need to be thoroughly mixed in a short period of time and solute must stay in solution. The present invention is particularly useful in the solution polymerization of polyolefins, especially in the medium pressure process for the preparation of linear low density polyethylene.

Process for the polymerization of olefin monomers

Process for the preparation of a homogeneous thermoplastic polymer

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a thermoplastic polymer on the basis of an alkenyl aromatic monomer, an unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydride, and, optionally, a rubber, characterized in that the monomers and/or solution thereof are/is reacted in at least two reaction zones that are in open connection with each other at the top and at the bottom, the reaction mixture being circulated through the reaction zones by means of a mixing device and/or a conveying device. Using the process, a homogeneous product of constant composition is obtained.

Polymerization process using a dual shear mixing element

A dual shear mixing element for use in a chemical reactor. The device may be used in processes where liquids of different temperatures need to be thoroughly mixed in a short period of time and solute must stay in solution. The present invention is particularly useful in the solution polymerization of polyolefins, especially in the medium pressure process for the preparation of linear low density polyethylene.

Continuous withdrawal from high solids slurry polymerization

An improved polymerization process includes withdrawing a portion of a fluid slurry through a plurality of active continuous take off mechanisms, monitoring the pressure of feed material fed to the reactor, and adjusting the continuous take off mechanisms in response to the monitored feed line pressure.

Process and apparatus for mixing a gas and a liquid

Enhanced gas-liquid mixing under variable liquid operating level conditions

A gas-liquid mixing system employs an impeller/draft tube assembly submerged in liquid. Hollow eductor tubes affixed to the impeller drive shaft are used to flow gas from an overhead gas space to the liquid in the vicinity of the assembly. The positioning and size of the eductor tubes are such as to maximize the desired gas-liquid mixing and reaction rate.

Patent FR2302778B1

Method of polymerizing styrene

PROCESS FOR TREATING VISCOUS FLUIDS, SUCH AS ARE OBTAINED DURING THE POLYMERIZATION OF MONOMERS, E.G., STYRENE, COMPRISING, CONTINUOUSLY FEEDING THE FLUID TO AND AGITATING THE FLUID IN A MIXING AND REACTIN ZONE WHEREIN IT IS CAUSED TO FLOW IN REVERSE DIRECTIONS AT HIGH FLOW RATES AND INTO CONTACT WITH HEAT EXCHANGE SURFACES WHEREBY THE POLYMERIZING MIXTURE IS SIMULTANEOUSLY AND PERFECTLY MIXED WHILE A LARGE AMOUNT OF SENSIBLE HEAT IS ABSORBED, SUBJECTING THE FLUID TO ONE OR MORE STAGES WHEREINE IT IS CONTINUOUSLY MOVED THROUGH A TUBLULAR HEAT EXCHANGE ZONE, THEN THROUGH AN ANNULAR HEAT EXCHANGE ZONE CONTAINING, IN ADDITION, HEAT EXCHANGE TUBES, ACCOMPAINED BY RECIRCULATING AT HIGH FLOW RATES OF THE FLUID FROM ONE ZONE TO THE OTHER WHILE CONTACTING IT WITH HEAT EXCHANGE SURFACES AND WHILE MAINTAINING AS SMALL A TEMPERATURE DIFFERENTIAL BETWEEN THE HEAT EXCHANGE SURFACES AND THE FLUID AS PROVIDES THE DESIRED HEAT EXCHANGE.

Reactor

In a reactor, for the continuous polymerization of feed materials to higher viscosity process fluid, comprising a vertical, hollow vessel having an inlet for the introduction of feed materials, an outlet for the discharge of process product and an exhaust for reaction vapors; and means for heating the vessel; the improvement comprising a draft tube, partially immersed vertically in the process fluid, the non-immersed end of the tube having at least one annular plate on the periphery thereof which overhangs the process fluid; and an impeller, located within the draft tube and propelling the process fluid up the draft tube and over the plate.

Process and apparatus for the oxidation of alhylaromatic compounds to aromatic carboxylic acids

Terephthalic acid production using evaporative cooling

본 발명은 순수 산소 또는 거의 순수한 산소를 사용하여 증발 냉각시킴으로 인한 테레프탈산 제조를 위한 p-크실렌의 산화에 관한 것이다. 부산물 및 폐기물 생성이 감소되며, 산소 활용성은 강화되고, 바람직한 조작조건이 이용되며, 그리고 반응용기 중에 열교환 표면에 직접 접촉시키지 않아도 된다. The present invention relates to the oxidation of p-xylene for terephthalic acid production by evaporative cooling with pure oxygen or near pure oxygen. By-products and waste generation are reduced, oxygen availability is enhanced, preferred operating conditions are utilized, and there is no need for direct contact with the heat exchange surface in the reaction vessel.

Preparation of organic acids

This invention relates to a process for producing one or more org anic acids in high purity which process comprises (i) oxidizing in a liquid oxidation reactor one or more organic liquids with essentially pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air containing at least about 50 % oxygen, at a temperature sufficiently stable to prevent cycling of reaction rate, to produce a crude reaction product fluid, and (ii) refining said crude reaction product fluid to give said one or more organic acids in high purity. The oxidation temperature is preferably controlled to within about ±3 °C of a target temperature. The organic acids described herein are useful in a variety of applications, such as intermediates in the manufacture of chemical compounds, pharmaceutical manufacture and the like.