СПОСОБ ВЫСОКОЭФФЕКТИВНОГО ИЗВЛЕЧЕНИЯ СЕРЫ ИЗ ПОТОКА КИСЛОГО ГАЗА

Изобретение может быть использовано в химической и нефтехимической промышленности. Кислые газы, содержащие H2S, сжигают в печи в присутствии кислорода. Образовавшийся поток газов сгорания, содержащий H2S и SO2, направляют на каталитическую стадию обработки, в результате которой в условиях реакции Клауса образуются реакционные газы, содержащие серу. Из реакционных газов конденсацией выделяют серу, а поток хвостовых газов процесса Клауса подают на стадию извлечения серы путем непосредственного восстановления на катализаторе восстановления. После выделения серы хвостовые газы непосредственного восстановления, содержащие главным образом H2S и небольшое количество SO2, подают на стадию биологического извлечения серы. Стадия биологического извлечения серы включает в себя блок поглощения, блок биологического окисления и блок выделения серы. Хвостовые газы в блоке поглощения контактируют с ненасыщенным растворителем, в результате чего получают обессеренные хвостовые газы и обогащенный растворитель ...

СПОСОБ ПЕРЕРАБОТКИ ГАЗА, ВКЛЮЧАЮЩИЙ ПРОЦЕСС ОКИСЛЕНИЯ С ГЕНЕРАЦИЕЙ ОТВОДИМОГО ТЕПЛА, И СООТВЕТСТВУЮЩЕЕ УСТРОЙСТВО

Группа изобретений относится к способу переработки газа, включающему процесс окисления с генерацией отводимого тепла, и к соответствующему устройству. Способ переработки газа включает процесс окисления с генерацией отводимого тепла, в котором обеспечена первая газовая смесь, содержащая окисляемый компонент. Первую газовую смесь и кислород вводят в окислительную установку. Причем по меньшей мере часть окисляемого компонента в первой газовой смеси окисляется в окислительной установке. Первую газовую смесь и/или вторую газовую смесь, используемую для обеспечения первой газовой смеси, и/или третью газовую смесь, полученную из по меньшей мере части первой газовой смеси с использованием окислительной установки, перерабатывают в одной или более установок переработки газа, работающих с использованием первого количества пара, характеризующимся первым режимом работы и вторым режимом работы. Второй режим работы представляет собой режим запуска, а первый режим работы представляет собой нормальный режим ...

СПСОБ УДАЛЕНИЯ СЕРЫ

Изобретение относится к химической промышленности. Газовую смесь для сепарации высокосернистых компонентов газа подвергают процессу разделения, при котором образуется высокосернистый газ, содержащий диоксид углерода и соединения серы. Высокосернистый газ для выделения элементарной серы подводят к установке Клауса. В качестве реакционного газа в установку Клауса подводят технически чистый кислород. Остаточный газ, выходящий из установки Клауса и содержащий диоксид углерода и компоненты серы, подвергают каталитическому дожиганию с технически чистым кислородом, а водяной пар извлекают с помощью конденсации. Остаточный газ, состоящий в основном из диоксида углерода, имеет чистоту, которая делает возможным непосредственное хранение или техническое использование. Изобретение позволяет использовать диоксид углерода, содержащийся в высокосернистом газе. 23 з.п. ф-лы.

Катализатор для получения водорода и двухатомной газообразной серы в процессе разложения сероводорода

Изобретение относится к области химии, а именно к способам разложения (утилизации) сероводорода с целью получения водорода и элементной серы. Описан способ низкотемпературного разложения сероводорода для получения водорода и газообразной двухатомной серы в присутствии катализатора на основе переходных металлов или их сплавов, сульфидных систем переходных металлов, массивных и нанесенных на различные носители, выбранных из: (Fe,Ni,Cr,Ti)/SiO2,(Cu,Мо)/Сибунит, (Fe,Ni,Cr,P)/Al2O3, CuZnSx, сплав Cu+Sn, (Fe,Ni,Zn,B)/Сибунит, (Со,Мо,S,Cd)/Сибунит. Для стабилизации активного компонента в катализатор вводят легирующие добавки некаталитических металлов и/или неметаллов. Процесс разложения сероводорода проводят при температуре ниже 100°С. 7 пр.

СПОСОБ ВЫСОКОЭФФЕКТИВНОГО ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ СЕРЫ ИЗ ПОТОКА КИСЛОГО ГАЗА

Заявленное изобретение может быть использовано в химической и нефтехимической отраслях промышленности. Поток кислого газа, содержащего сероводород в качестве исходного сырья, подают на стадию сжигания в присутствии кислорода. Условия окисления подобраны таким образом, чтобы молярное соотношение сероводорода и диоксида серы в продуктах сгорания превышало 2:1. Поток продуктов сгорания направляют на каталитическую стадию проведения реакции Клауса, в результате которой получают реакционный газ, содержащий серу, которую выделяют из реакционного газа. Хвостовой газ, содержащий менее 1000 ppmv диоксида серы, подают в биологическую систему десульфуризации газа. При функционировании биологической системы получают серу и нейтральный газ, содержащий менее 100 ppmv сероводорода. Технический результат - снижение диоксида серы в хвостовых газах процесса Клауса, снижение за счет этого потребления щелочи и эксплуатационных затрат. 16 з.п. ф-лы, 2 ил., 3 табл.

УСТРОЙСТВО СТУПЕНЧАТОГО СЖИГАНИЯ ДЛЯ ИЗВЛЕЧЕНИЯ СЕРЫ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ЧИСТОГО КИСЛОРОДА И СПОСОБ ЕЕ ИЗВЛЕЧЕНИЯ

Изобретения относятся к области извлечения серы. Описано устройство ступенчатого сжигания для извлечения серы с использованием чистого кислорода, содержащее: основную печь для производства серы, которая соединена с первым трубопроводом транспортировки кислого газа и основным трубопроводом транспортировки кислорода; основной блок охлаждения, причем газовпускное отверстие основного блока охлаждения соединено с газовыпускным отверстием основной печи для сжигания для производства серы; вспомогательную печь для сжигания для производства серы, причем газовпускное отверстие вспомогательной печи для сжигания для производства серы сообщается с газовыпускным отверстием основного блока охлаждения через трубопровод транспортировки технологического газа первой ступени, причем второй трубопровод транспортировки кислого газа соединен с трубопроводом транспортировки технологического газа первой ступени, а вспомогательный трубопровод транспортировки кислорода дополнительно соединен с вспомогательной печью ...

Катализатор, способ его получения, применение и способ извлечения серы

Настоящее изобретение относится к катализатору, способу его получения и применения, а также к способу извлечения серы с использованием этого катализатора. Катализатор содержит диоксид титана в качестве носителя, оксид лютеция и/или оксид церия и оксид кальция, при этом, исходя из 100 масс. % катализатора, содержание диоксида титана составляет 80-96 масс. %, содержание оксида кальция составляет 2-10 масс. % и содержание оксида лютеция и/или оксида церия составляет 2-10 масс. %. Катализатор по настоящему изобретению содержит оксид лютеция и/или оксид церия в качестве активных ингредиентов, диоксид титана в качестве носителя и оксид кальция в качестве регулятора щелочности, при определенном соотношении для совместного действия; когда катализатор используют в процессе извлечения серы, он имеет улучшенную стабильность активности, улучшенную активность в гидролизе сероорганических соединений и активность в реакции Клауса, при этом активность в гидролизе сероорганических соединений составляет ...

Катализатор, способ его получения, применение и способ извлечения серы

Настоящее изобретение относится к катализатору, способу его получения и применения, а также к способу извлечения серы с использованием этого катализатора. Катализатор содержит диоксид титана в качестве носителя, оксид лютеция и/или оксид церия и оксид кальция, при этом, исходя из 100 масс. % катализатора, содержание диоксида титана составляет 80-96 масс. %, содержание оксида кальция составляет 2-10 масс. % и содержание оксида лютеция и/или оксида церия составляет 2-10 масс. %. Катализатор по настоящему изобретению содержит оксид лютеция и/или оксид церия в качестве активных ингредиентов, диоксид титана в качестве носителя и оксид кальция в качестве регулятора щелочности, при определенном соотношении для совместного действия; когда катализатор используют в процессе извлечения серы, он имеет улучшенную стабильность активности, улучшенную активность в гидролизе сероорганических соединений и активность в реакции Клауса, при этом активность в гидролизе сероорганических соединений составляет ...

СПОСОБ УДАЛЕНИЯ СУЛЬФИДА ИЗ ВОДНОГО РАСТВОРА

Verfahren zur Rückgewinnung von Schwefel mit zwei Verbrennungszonen.

Verfahren zur Rückgewinnung von Schwefel aus Ammoniak enthaltendem Gas.

Treatment of a gas stream containing hydrogen sulphide

Treatment of gas streams containing hydrogen sulphide

A first hydrogen sulphide containing waste gas stream from an oil refinery is combusted in a first combustion chamber 16 using pure oxygen to support combustion. The combustion products are cooled in heat exchanger 20, and a part of the combustion products are recycled to the chamber 16 to moderate the temperature therein. The remainder of the combustion products are mixed with a second hydrogen sulphide containing waste gas stream of different composition from the first stream. A proportion of the hydrogen sulphide content of the mixed stream is combusted in combustion chamber 28 again using pure oxygen to support the combustion. The resulting sulphur dioxide reacts with residual hydrogen sulphide to form sulphur vapour.

TREATMENT OF GAS STREAMS

Reforming

Ammonia destruction methods for use in a claus tail gas treating unit

A method and apparatus for the partial oxidation of hydrogen sulphide

PRODUCTION OF SULFUR

Method and apparatus for treating a gas mixture

A method and apparatus is defined (100) for treating a starting gas mixture comprising carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide and water wherein the method comprises forming a fraction predominantly or exclusively containing carbon d1ox1de. The starting gas mixture is enriched in carbon dioxide and depleted in sulfur dioxide and water in a first group (10) of method steps forming an intermediate gas mixture, the first group (10) of method steps including compressing (11), cooling (12, 13), condensating and drying (13) steps. The intermediate gas mixture is submitted to a second group of method steps (20). The second group (20) of method steps including absorbing (21, 22) steps in which liquid carbon dioxide is used to absorb sulphur dioxide from the intermediate gas mixture, the liquid carbon dioxide being formed from carbon dioxide contained in the intermediate gas mixture after treatment in the absorbing steps (21, 22).

Ammonia destruction methods for use in a claus tail gas treating unit

TREATMENT OF GAS STREAMS

Process and equipment for the automatic adjustment of the munimum of the sum of the concentrations in hydrogen sulphide and sulphur dioxide contained in waste gases of the units of sulphur recovery.

USE OF H2S-HALTIGEN EXHAUST GAS STREAMS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SCHWEFELHALTIGEN PRODUCTS

PROCEDURE FOR THE SEPARATION OF HYDROGEN SULFIDE FROM COKE-OVEN GAS WITH FOLLOWING PRODUCTION OF ELEMENTARY SULFUR IN A CLAUS PLANT

PROCEDURE FOR GEWINUNG OF SULFUR

A process for the high recovery efficiency of sulfur from an acid gas stream

Process for the production of sulfur

METHOD FOR ELIMINATING MERCAPTAN FROM CRUDE GAS

Method for partially oxidising a gas stream containing hydrogen sulphide

Support for chemical sorbents

SYNGAS PRODUCTION BY CO2 REDUCTION PROCESS

A process for producing synthesis gas (syngas) comprising the endothermic reaction between CO2 and H2S, wherein the energetic supply is provided by the exothermic oxidation of a small portion of H2S to SO2 according to the following reaction scheme: R2: H2S + 1.5 O2 ? SO2 + H2O said process being carried out according to the following overall theoretical reaction scheme R1, not taking into account the aforementioned exothermic reaction R2, R1: CO2 + 2 H2S ? CO + H2 + S2 + H2O wherein the amount of fed oxygen is comprised between 5% and 25% by volume over the total volume of fed reactants gaseous mixture.

PREPARATION OF ANHYDROUS HYDROGEN HALIDES USING REDUCING AGENT

A method for completely reducing an inorganic halide to obtain a non-halogen inorganic substance and/or hydride thereof and preferably anhydrous hydrogen halide fluid using inorganic halide substances, such as sulfur hexafluoride, nitrogen trifluoride, tungsten hexafluoride, uranium hexafluoride and others by reduction with a reducing agent at a proper temperature. The reducing agents may be molecular hydrogen, inorganic hydrides and inorganic metallic elements; molecular hydrogen is preferable, but in certain instances the inorganic hydrides are used, as well as inorganic metallic elements such as calcium and magnesium.

REMOVING HYDROGEN SULPHIDE FROM A GAS STREAM

Removing hydrogen sulphide from a gas stream (4) comprises contacting the gas stream in the presence of free oxygen at a temperature in the range of from the dew point of water to the dew point of elemental sulphur in two catalytic reactors (1 and 2) with catalytic material to obtain elemental sulphur which is deposited on the catalytic material and a purified gas stream, wherein the gas stream is contacted in the first catalytic reactor (1) with catalytic material in the presence of a substoichiometric amount of free oxygen to obtain a partly purified gas stream (20d), which partly purified gas stream (20d) is contacted in the second catalytic reactor (2) in the presence of an additional amount of free oxygen with catalytic material to obtain the purified gas stream (5).

Verfahren zur gleichzeitigen Darstellung von Ammoniak, Schwefel und Thiosulfat aus Schwefelwasserstoff und Nitriten.

Verfahren zur Entfernung von Schwefelwasserstoff aus Abgasen.

СПОСОБЫ И КОНФИГУРАЦИИ ОБОРУДОВАНИЯ ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ДИОКСИДА УГЛЕРОДА И ВОДОРОДА ИЗ СИНТЕЗ-ГАЗА

Обрабатывающий синтез-газ завод выполнен с возможностью удаления серусодержащих соединений и диоксида углерода из сдвинутого или несдвинутого синтез-газа; конфигурация оборудования включает в себя секцию декарбонизации и секцию обессеривания. Наиболее предпочтительно, если растворитель в секции декарбонизации регенерируется и охлаждается путем десорбирования разрежением, в то время как в секции обессеривания растворитель регенерируется отпариванием с применением внешнего тепла, и еще более предпочтительно, чтобы карбонилсульфид удалялся в секции обессеривания путем гидролиза, и полученный таким образом сульфид водорода удалялся в абсорбере, расположенном ниже по ходу потока.

СПОСОБ ОБЕССЕРИВАНИЯ ГАЗА

Способ очистки содержащего сероводород газового потока, который состоит из стадий (i) смешивания содержащего сероводород первого газового потока и содержащего диоксид серы второго газового потока с получением объединенного потока, в котором получают элементарную серу по реакции сероводорода и диоксида серы; (ii) удаления элементарной серы и, по выбору, воды из объединенного потока и (iii) окисления по меньшей мере части элементарной серы с получением диоксида серы для использования во втором потоке, в котором реакцию проводят при температуре 15-155°С и давлении не менее 3 МПа.

METHOD OF DESULFURIZATION OF GAS

СПОСОБ И КОНФИГУРАЦИЯ ОБОРУДОВАНИЯ ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ДИОКСИДА УГЛЕРОДА И ВОДОРОДА ИЗ СИНТЕЗ-ГАЗА

Обрабатывающий синтез-газ завод выполнен с возможностью удаления серусодержащих соединений и диоксида углерода из сдвинутого или несдвинутого синтез-газа; конфигурация оборудования включает в себя секцию декарбонизации и секцию обессеривания. Наиболее предпочтительно, если растворитель в секции декарбонизации регенерируется и охлаждается путем десорбирования разрежением, в то время как в секции обессеривания растворитель регенерируется отпариванием с применением внешнего тепла, и еще более предпочтительно, чтобы карбонилсульфид удалялся в секции обессеривания путем гидролиза, и полученный таким образом сульфид водорода удалялся в абсорбере, расположенном ниже по ходу потока.

Sulphur recovery from waste gases - by contacting with alumina-(silica) adsorbent, regenerating adsorbent with hot gas,

Capturing hydrogen sulfide contained in acid gas from refinery and for hydrogen coproduction, comprises emitting acid gases to amine and units of gases, passing monosulfide to form disulfide and regenerating by passing disulfide

Procédé de désulfuration des gaz acides d'une raffinerie et de coproduction d'hydrogène à partir d'H2S contenu dans les gaz acides d'une raffinerie comportant au moins une unité de craquage catalytique (FCC), ledit procédé faisant appel à un solide adsorbant qui est un sulfure métallique, la régénération du solide adsorbant étant réalisée par prélèvement direct des calories contenues dans les fumées de l'unité de craquage catalytique (FCC) au moyen d'un échangeur gaz solide.

Treatment of gas streams containing hydrogen sulphide

A feed gas stream containing hydrogen sulphide is subjected in a furnace 6 to reactions in which part of the hydrogen sulphide is burned to form sulphur dioxide, and is which the sulphur dioxide reacts with residual hydrogen sulphide to form sulphur vapor. The sulphur vapor is condensed from the gas stream exiting the furnace 6 in a sulphur condenser 16. Residual sulphur dioxide is reduced back to hydrogen sulphide by hydrogen in a reactor 22. Water vapor is removed from the reduced gas in a quench tower 28 to form a water vapor-depleted gas stream. One part of the water vapor-depleted gas stream is sent to an adsorber vessel 30 in which hydrogen sulphide is absorbed in an absorbent. The resulting hydrogen sulphide-depleted gas stream is vented from the vessel 30 as a purge stream. Another part of the water vapor-depleted gas stream and a hydrogen sulphide-rich gas formed by desorbing hydrogen sulphide from the absorbent in a vessel 38 are returned as recycle streams to the furnace 6.

Process for removal of sulfur oxides from flue gas with regenerable active carbon

REMOVAL OF SULFUR COMPOUND

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ЭЛЕМЕНТАРНОЙ СЕРЫ И СЕРНОЙ КИСЛОТЫ

Настоящее изобретение относится к области химии, конкретно к способу и установке для получения элементарной серы из сырьевого газа и серной кислоты. Способ включает стадии a-g. На стадии a) вводят сырьевой поток печи реакции Клауса, содержащий от 15 до 100 об.% H2S, субстехиометрическое относительно реакции Клауса количество кислорода и, необязательно топливный поток. На стадии b) направляют сырьевой поток печи реакции Клауса в секцию реакционной печи, работающую при повышенной температуре, например выше 900°C. На стадии с) направляют продукт секции реакционной печи и поток серной кислоты в секцию испарения серной кислоты ниже по ходу потока от секции реакционной печи, обеспечивая сырьевой газ для конвертера Клауса. Затем на этапе d) охлаждают сырьевой газ для конвертера Клауса с обеспечением охлажденного сырьевого газа для конвертера Клауса, и необязательно отведения элементарной серы из газа. На стадии e) направляют охлажденный сырьевой газ для конвертера Клауса для контакта с катализатором ...

СПОСОБ УДАЛЕНИЯ СУЛЬФИДА ИЗ ВОДНОГО РАСТВОРА

Группа изобретений может быть использована для удаления сульфидов из водных растворов, в том числе из промывных вод, образующихся при очистке природного газа. Для осуществления способа водный раствор, содержащий сульфиды, подвергают воздействию сульфид-окисляющих бактерий в присутствии кислорода в биореакторе для окисления сульфида до элементарной серы. Газ, содержащий кислород, подают по трубам (5) в реактор (1) с водной средой (2) так, что образуются одна или несколько аэрированных зон (А) с восходящим течением жидкости (8) и одна или несколько неаэрированных зон (В) с нисходящим течением жидкости (8), которые не отделены друг от друга внутренними конструкциями реактора. Реактор (1) содержит реакционную зону с водной средой (2) без разделяющих стенок, средства подачи газа, содержащего кислород (5), расположенные около дна (4) реактора(1), средства для впрыскивания (6) водного раствора, содержащего сульфид, в водную среду (2) в зоне (В), не содержащей средства подачи газа (5). Изобретения ...

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ЭЛЕМЕНТАРНОЙ СЕРЫ ИЗ ОТХОДЯЩИХ МЕТАЛЛУРГИЧЕСКИХ ГАЗОВ

Изобретение относится к химической промышленности. Описан способ получения элементарной серы из отходящих металлургических газов (ОМГ), содержащих оксид серы (IV) (SO) и кислород, характеризующийся тем, что в нем используют природный газ (ПГ), используют каталитический реактор (КР), имеющий вход и выход, используют катализатор, размещенный внутри упомянутого КР, перед контактом с катализатором доводят температуру смеси ОМГ с ПГ (ГС) до 650-900°С, пропускают упомянутую ГС через слой упомянутого катализатора с получением восстановленного газа (ВГ), содержащего серу, сероводород (HS), углерода оксид сульфид (COS), углерода оксид (II) (СО), водород (Н) и непрореагировавший SOи перерабатывают упомянутый ВГ на серу методом Клауса. Технический результат заключается в том, что при доведении температуры газовой смеси, подаваемой на катализатор до 700-850°С, обеспечивается протекание реакции восстановления SOдо элементарной серы непосредственно в слое катализатора при стационарной температуре слоя ...

Способ получения водорода и элементарной серы из сероводорода

Изобретение относится к области химии, а именно к способу получения водорода и элементарной серы путем разложения сероводорода, и может применяться для очистки газовых выбросов от сероводорода. Способ включает пропускание исходного сероводородсодержащего газа через неподвижный слой гранулированного твердого хемосорбента, способного адсорбировать сероводород с образованием водорода и твердых серосодержащих соединений на поверхности хемосорбента, выделение водорода из полученного газового потока и периодическую регенерацию слоя путем разложения серосодержащих соединений и выделения паров элементарной серы при повышенной температуре с поледующей конденсацией паров серы при пониженной температуре. При этом способ осуществляют не менее чем в двух параллельных реакторах, содержащих слои хемосорбента, причем в каждом из реакторов попеременно чередуют режим хемосорбции с подачей исходного сероводородсодержащего газа с температурой от -30 до 100°С и режим регенерации с подачей в противоположном ...

СПОСОБ ОБРАБОТКИ ОТРАБОТАННОЙ КИСЛОТЫ ПОСЛЕ АЛКИЛИРОВАНИЯ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ УКАЗАННОГО СПОСОБА

Настоящее описание относится к области химической промышленности и, в частности, к устройству для обработки отработанной кислоты после алкилирования. Способ обработки отработанной серной кислоты после алкилирования, включающий следующие стадии: стадия I: сжигание восстановительных кислотных газов и отработанной серной кислоты после алкилирования в атмосфере, содержащей кислород, с получением сернистых хвостовых газов; стадия II: понижение температуры сернистых хвостовых газов для охлаждения газообразного элементарного вещества серы, содержащегося в сернистых хвостовых газах, до жидкого элементарного вещества серы и выделение из них указанного жидкого элементарного вещества серы; и стадия III: превращение серосодержащих соединений, содержащихся в газах, полученных на стадии II, в элементарное вещество серу и выделение указанного элементарного вещества серы из газов; где превращение осуществляют в группе конвертеров, содержащей: конвертер первой ступени, последовательно заполненный защитным ...

СПОСОБ УДАЛЕНИЯ СЕРЫ

... 1. Способ удаления серы, причем газовую смесь для сепарации высокосернистых компонентов газа подвергают процессу разделения, при котором образуется высокосернистый газ, содержащий диоксид углерода и соединения серы, в частности, сероводород, причем высокосернистый газ для выделения элементарной серы подводят к установке Клауса, к которой в качестве реакционного газа, содержащего кислород, подводят исключительно технический чистый кислород, и причем ниже по течению установки Клауса диоксид углерода отбирают с чистотой, при которой становится возможным непосредственное хранение или техническое использование, отличающийся тем, что остаточный газ для удаления водорода и оксида углерода подвергают дожиганию с технически чистым кислородом и, что водяной пар извлекают из остаточного газа с помощью конденсации. ! 2. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что осуществляют каталитическое дожигание остаточного газа. ! 3. Способ по п.1 или 2, отличающийся тем, что при превышении максимально допустимой температуры ...

СПОСОБ ЧАСТИЧНОГО ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЯ SO2

СПОСОБ УДАЛЕНИЯ ДИОКСИДА СЕРЫ ИЗ ГАЗОВЫХ ПОТОКОВ С ПРИМЕНЕНИЕМ ДИОКСИДА ТИТАНА В КАЧЕСТВЕ КАТАЛИЗАТОРА

СПОСОБ ВЫСОКОЭФФЕКТИВНОГО ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ СЕРЫ ИЗ ПОТОКА КИСЛОГО ГАЗА

... 1. Способ получения серы, включающий подачу потока кислого газа, содержащего сероводород в качестве исходного сырья, в установку для получения серы, при функционировании которой получают первый продукт в виде серы и хвостовой газ процесса Клауса, содержащий сероводород и менее 1000 ppmv диоксида серы; и подачу указанного хвостового газа процесса Клауса в биологическую систему десульфуризации газа, при функционировании которой получают второй продукт в виде серы и нейтральный газ, содержащий менее 100 ppmv сероводорода.2. Способ получения серы по п.1, в котором установка для получения серы содержит средства сжигания, предназначенные частичного окисления сероводорода в указанном потоке кислого газа с получением потока продуктов сгорания, и средства для проведения реакции Клауса, предназначенные для проведения реакции в потоке продуктов сгорания с получением отходящего газа процесса Клауса и первого продукта в виде серы.3. Способ получения серы по п.2, в котором указанный поток продуктов сгорания ...

Verfahren zur Reinigung von kohlenwasserstoffhaltigem Gas

Verfahren zur Reinigung von kohlenwasserstoffhaltigem Gas, bei dem in eine Claus-Anlage (27) ein erster kleiner Gasstrom (3) eingeleitet wird, der im wesentlichen aus Kohlenwasserstoff und aus Kohlendioxid besteht, sowie ein zweiter größerer Gasstrom (4) eingeleitet wird, der im wesentlichen aus Schwefelwasserstoff, Kohlendioxid und geringen Anteilen Merkaptan besteht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass vor die bei einem Druck des Einsatzgases von 20 - 80 bar abs betriebene Absorptions- und Regenerationsanlage (23) eine weitere Absorptionsanlage (21) geschaltet wird, die bei dem gleichen Druck von 20 - 80 bar abs mit einem selektiven Lösungsmittel arbeitet und die das Einsatzgas auf 100 - 10 000 ppmV H2S grob entschwefelt, wobei aus dieser vorgeschalteten Absorptionsanlage (21) ein mit Schwefelwasserstoff beladener Lösungsmittelstrom (17) abgezogen und einer nachfolgenden Regeneration (22) zugeführt wird, dass aus der vorgeschalteten Absorptionsanlage (21) ein dritter Gasstrom (2), das grobentschwefelte ...

CLAUSVERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON SCHWEFEL IN GEGENWART ERHOEHTER SAUERSTOFFMENGEN.

VERFAHREN ZUR GEWINUNG VON SCHWEFEL

A process for the recovery of sulphur from gas streams containing hydrogen sulphide

A process for the recovery of elemental sulphur from gas streams containing hydrogen sulphide using Claus-type reactions with oxygen or oxygen-enriched air which comprises an oxidation system 17 with in situ heat removal which may be followed by one or more catalytic stages 45.

REMOVAL OF HYDROGEN SULPHIDE AND AMMONIA FROM GASEOUS MIXTURES

... 1474463 Gas purification; sulphur COMPRIMO BV 3 Got 1974 [10 Oct 1973] 43003/74 Heading C1A H 2 S and NH 3 are removed from gaseous mixtures by combustion of NH 2 to give N 2 and water vapour, and partial combustion of H 2 S to give SO 2 , wherein the SO 2 so formed reacts with H 2 S in a mole ratio of 1 : 2 to form elemental sulphur and water, and wherein two separate gas streams, once containing NH 3 and H 2 S, the other being an H 2 S rich gas stream, are mixed before entering one or more burners. H 2 and hydrocarbon are also removed by the process.

Treatment of gas stream comprising H2 S

A hydrogen sulphide containing feed gas stream (typically including at least 70% by volume of hydrogen sulphide) is divided into a minor stream that flows through pipeline 4 and a major stream that flows through pipeline 6. The minor stream 6 is burnt in a first combustion region 10 to form sulphur dioxide and water vapour. The resulting gas mixture is cooled in a heat exchanger 20 and is typically employed in a second combustion region 26 in which a portion of the hydrogen sulphide content of the major stream is burnt to form sulphur dioxide and water vapour. Reaction between the sulphur dioxide and remaining hydrogen sulphide takes place in a thermal reaction region 30 to form sulphur vapour and water vapour. The proportions of sulphur burnt in the respective combustion regions 10 and 26 are chosen such that about one-third of the total hydrogen sulphide content of the feed gas stream is burnt to sulphur dioxide in these regions. Subsequent reaction between hydrogen sulphide and sulphur ...

PRODUCTION OF SULPHUR AND SULPHURIC ACID FROM HYDROGEN SULPHIDE

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SULFUR CEMENT OR A SULFUR CEMENT AGGREGATE COMPOSITION

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SULFUR FROM H2SHALTIGEN GAS FLOWS.

A process for the high recovery efficiency of sulfur from an acid gas stream

TREATMENT OF GAS STREAMS

METHOD OF PROCESSING COAL GAS

SOLID ELECTROLYTE CELL WITH OPPOSED ELECTRODES FOR DISSOCIATING OXIDE GASES

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING A SULPHUR-CONTAINING OFF-GAS FROM A SULPHUR RECOVERY SYSTEM

The invention relates to a process and also to an apparatus for recovering sulphur (9), wherein, in a sour gas scrubbing apparatus (S) comprising a scrubbing part (SP) and a regeneration part (RP), sulphur components and carbon dioxide are selectively removed from a crude synthesis gas (2) with the aid of a circulating scrubbing agent (3) and a sulphur-containing gas fraction (8) produced during the regeneration of loaded scrubbing agent is supplied to a sulphur recovery system (SR) in which an off-gas (10) comprising carbon dioxide and also sulphur components is formed which is hydrogenated (H) and subsequently subjected to a gas scrubbing operation (Z). The invention is notable in that the hydrogenated off-gas (12) is scrubbed independently of the crude synthesis gas (2) to be treated, wherein scrubbing agent (13) removed from the scrubbing agent circuit of the sour gas scrubbing apparatus (S) is used to scrub out sulphur components.

METHOD OF PRODUCING SYNTHESIS-GAS BY REDUCTION WITH CARBON DIOXIDE

METHOD AND PLANT FOR EXTRACTION OF SULFUR

황 회수 방법 및 장치

... 황 회수 시스템에서 산성 가스 스트림을 처리하는 방법을 제공하며, 이 방법은, 구동 유체를 이젝터에 제공하는 단계; 산성 가스 스트림을 이젝터에 제공하여, 구동 유체와 산성 가스 스트림을 포함하는 혼합물을 취득하는 단계; 혼합물을 반응로에 제공하는 단계; 산소를 포함하는 연소 가스를 반응로에 제공하는 단계; 및 반응로의 내용물을 반응시키는 단계를 포함한다. 산성 가스 스트림을 처리하는 장치도 제공한다.

CONFIGURATIONS AND METHODS FOR CARBON DIOXIDE AND HYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM GASIFICATION STREAMS

A syngas treatment plant is configured to remove sulfurous compounds and carbon dioxide from shifted or un-shifted syngas in a configuration having a decarbonization section and a desulfurization section. Most preferably, the solvent in the decarbonization section is regenerated and cooled by flashing, while the solvent is regenerated in the desulfurization section via stripping using external heat, and it is still further preferred that carbonylsulfide is removed in the desulfurization section via hydrolysis, and that the so produced hydrogen sulfide is removed in a downstream absorber.

MEMBRANE-ASSISTED CONVERSION OF HYDROGEN SULPHIDE

An exemplary embodiment of the invention provides a method of producing hydrogen from a feedstock gas containing hydrogen sulphide. The method involves partially thermally decomposing hydrogen sulphide in the feedstock gas to produce hydrogen and sulphur, and separating hydrogen from the sulphur and unreacted hydrogen sulphide. In particular, the feedstock gas is heated to a decomposition temperature of up to about 1000°C by heat generated in a thermal step of a Claus process operating to convert hydrogen sulphide to sulphur and water, thereby producing a decomposition gas containing hydrogen, sulphur and unreacted hydrogen sulphide, followed by separating hydrogen from the decomposition gas by hydrogen permeation through a hydrogen-permeable membrane, collecting the hydrogen thereby separated, and burning residual unreacted hydrogen sulphide in the thermal step of the Claus process. Apparatus for carrying out the method is also provided.

Method for removing sulphur dioxide from gas streams, using titanium dioxide as catalyst

The present invention relates to a method for removing sulphur dioxide from gaseous effluent, wherein a mixture of gaseous outlet gasses or gaseous effluent includes sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide, and wherein, to perform a catalytic reduction, a catalyst is used to catalyze a reaction between carbon monoxide and sulphur dioxide to produce carbon dioxide and sulphur.

液態硫黄の脱ガス

... 液状硫黄は硫化水素及び水素多硫化物を除去するため、シュラウド(shroud)及びインペラーを結合して用いる急速で効果的な方法によりガス分離される。この方法は、多くは水蒸気や空気からなるであろう放散ガスを微細気泡として液状硫黄中に分散し、強力なブレンステッド(Bronsted)-ロウリー(Lowry)型触媒の存在下に、急速で効果的な物質移動を生ずるパラメーターをもたらす。このようなガス分離は、テイルガス(tail gas)を分散ガスとして用いることによりクラウス(Claus)プラントのテイルガス浄化と結合することができ、加えてクラウスプラントのテイルガス浄化が液状硫黄中で効果的となる。 ...

УСТРОЙСТВО И СПОСОБ ДЕСУЛЬФУРИЗАЦИИ СЫРОЙ НЕФТИ

Изобретение относится к устройству (100) для обессеривания сырой нефти, содержащему систему обессеривания (102) серосодержащей сырой нефти (101), в которой, помимо бессеренной сырой нефти (103), образуется сероводородсодержащий кислый газ (104); систему (106) извлечения из кислого газа (104), образованного в системе обессеривания (102), элементарной серы (107) и сероводородсодержащего остаточного газа (108) в качестве отходящего газа; установку (1) для производства электроэнергии (24) и гипса (21) из остаточного газа (108), или кислого газа (104), или из смеси кислого газа (104) и остаточного газа (108) и газопроводную систему (105) для подачи кислого газа (104) из системы обессеривания (102) в систему (106) для извлечения элементарной серы (107) и в установку (1) для производства электроэнергии (24) и гипса (21), а также для подачи остаточного газа (108) из системы (106) извлечения элементарной серы (107) в установку (1) для производства электроэнергии (24) и гипса (21). Газопроводная ...

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ СЕРЫ И СЕРНОЙ КИСЛОТЫ

Изобретение относится к технологической установке и способу получения серы из сырьевого газа. Способ получения серы, состоящей из 15 об. %, 20 об. %, 30 об. %, 40 об. % или 50-99 об. % или 100 об. % H2S, и потока серной кислоты включает стадии: g. обеспечения сырьевого потока печи реакции Клауса, содержащего указанный сырьевой газ, количество серной кислоты, количество кислорода и необязательно количество топлива, где количество кислорода является субстехиометрическим, h. направления указанного сырьевого потока печи реакции Клауса в печь реакции Клауса, работающую при повышенной температуре, как, например, выше 900°С, обеспечивая сырьевой газ для конвертера Клауса, i. охлаждения указанного сырьевого газа для конвертера Клауса с обеспечением охлажденного сырьевого газа для конвертера Клауса и необязательно отведения элементарной серы из газа, j. направления указанного охлажденного сырьевого газа для конвертера Клауса после необязательного предварительного нагрева для контакта с веществом ...

ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ КИСЛОРОДА В УСТАНОВКАХ КЛАУСА С ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНОЙ НАГРУЗКОЙ, В ЧАСТНОСТИ С ПОТОКОМ ОТХОДЯЩЕГО ГАЗА, СОДЕРЖАЩИМ SOИ ОБРАЗУЮЩИМСЯ ПРИ РЕГЕНЕРАЦИИ АДСОРБЕНТА

Изобретение относится к способу удаления серы из текучей среды. Способ включает обеспечение первой текучей среды, содержащей серосодержащие соединения, адсорбцию серы из первой текучей среды на адсорбенте, регенерацию адсорбента окислением адсорбированной серы до диоксида серы, в результате чего образуется поток отходящего газа, содержащий диоксид серы, обеспечение второй текучей среды, содержащей сероводород, использование второй текучей среды и потока отходящего газа в качестве реагентов в процессе Клауса для производства элементарной серы, в котором часть сероводорода окисляется до диоксида серы и воды при температуре реакции, а остальной сероводород и полученный оксид серы и оксид серы из отходящего газа конвертируются в элементарную серу, в котором поток отходящего газа разбавляет вторую текучую среду и в котором кислород, необходимый для окисления сероводорода, обеспечивается потоком воздуха. При этом процесс Клауса обогащают кислородом для поддержания температуры реакции, равной ...

УСТАНОВКА ОЧИСТКИ ГАЗА ОТ СЕРОВОДОРОДА

Изобретение относится к установке для очистки газов от сероводорода с получением серы и может найти применение в нефтегазовой, нефтеперерабатывающей и химической отраслях промышленности. Установка содержит линию подачи сероводородсодержащего газа, пароподогреватель сероводородсодержащего газа, линию подачи воздуха, при этом линия подачи сероводородсодержащего газа разделяется на две линии после нагрева и смешения с воздухом сероводородсодержащего газа, каталитический реактор прямого окисления сероводорода до серы, установленный на одной линии сероводородсодержащего газа и оснащенный линией вывода серы и линией вывода продуктов окисления, каталитический реактор окисления сероводорода до диоксида серы, установленный на другой линии сероводородсодержащего газа и оснащенный линией вывода диоксида серы, и реактор для осуществления каталитической реакции сероводорода с диоксидом серы, оснащенный линией вывода жидкой серы и линией вывода отходящего газа. Все реакторы установки оснащены системой ...

СПОСОБ ЧАСТИЧНОГО ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЯ SO2

Изобретение относится к области энергетики. Способ частичного восстановления SO2, в котором поток SO2, окислитель и газообразное топливо подают в горелку и проводят реакцию в пламени; в котором горелка включает по меньшей мере одно отверстие для подачи потока SO2, по меньшей мере одно отверстие для подачи окислителя и по меньшей мере одно отверстие для подачи газообразного топлива; и в котором горелка включает форсуночную головку (1) с первыми системами (7, 8) впрыска и вторыми системами (9) впрыска. Первые системы (7, 8) впрыска расположены в первой секции (4) форсуночной головки (1), вторые системы (9) впрыска расположены во второй секции (5) форсуночной головки (1), и стехиометрическое отношение SO2, топлива и окислителя, подаваемых через первые системы (7, 8) впрыска, отличается от стехиометрического отношения SO2, топлива и окислителя, подаваемых через вторые системы (9) впрыска. Одна или большее количество из первых и/или вторых систем (7, 8, 9) впрыска включают: первый канал (7а, ...

Способ низкотемпературного разложения сероводорода с получением водорода и серы

Предложен способ разложения сероводорода с получением водорода и серы, включающий контактирование сероводородсодержащего сырья с катализатором, структуру которого формируют из аморфных наночастиц металлов или их сплавов, которые наносят на поверхность гранулированных носителей путем лазерного электродиспергирования, при этом в качестве исходных веществ для формирования структуры катализаторов выбирают металлы из ряда Мо, W, Ni, Со или их сплавы, а в качестве носителей используют материалы, химически инертные в условиях процесса, а также обеспечивающие необходимую механическую и термическую прочность катализатора, при этом активную фазу катализатора наносят на внешнюю, видимую поверхность носителя, после чего процесс разложения сероводородного сырья производят путем взаимодействия катализатора с сероводородным сырьем при температуре 115-400°С с образованием водорода и элементарной серы в жидкой фазе, при этом вывод элементарной серы из активной зоны процесса осуществляют непрерывно под действием ...

СПОСОБ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПРОЦЕССОМ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ СЕРЫ ПО МЕТОДУ КЛАУСА

Изобретение может быть использовано при утилизации сероводорода в нефтяной, газовой, нефтеперерабатывающей промышленности и цветной металлургии. Управление процессом получения элементарной серы по методу Клауса, включающим термическую стадию и, по меньшей мере, одну стадию каталитической конверсии, осуществляют путем регулирования в режиме реального времени стехиометрического соотношения объема воздуха горения к объему кислого газа, поступающих на термическую стадию. Указанное регулирование проводят в зависимости от состава исходного кислого газа и отходящего газа процесса Клауса, за счет изменения расхода воздуха горения. Расход воздуха горения регулируют с использованием многопараметрической последовательной модели, рассчитанной для термической стадии и стадии каталитической конверсии при различных граничных условиях. Указанная многопараметрическая модель прогнозирует состояние информационно-измерительной и управляющей системы. Для построения модели проводят анализ физико-химических процессов ...

СПОСОБ РЕГЕНЕРАЦИИ ЭЛЕМЕНТАРНОЙ СЕРЫ ИЗ ОТХОДЯЩЕГО ГАЗА ОТ ПЛАВЛЕНИЯ КОМПЛЕКСНОГО КОНЦЕНТРАТА

Изобретение относится к способу регенерации элементарной серы из отходящего газа от плавления содержащей серу руды. Способ включает промывку и охлаждение отходящего газа разбавленной серной кислотой для получения чистого отходящего газа, содержащего диоксид серы. Разделяют чистый отходящий газ на два пути, причем по одному пути отходящий газ вводят в реакцию восстановления с углем, для производства восстановительного газа, и восстановительный газ смешивают с идущим по другому пути отходящим газом, для окислительно-восстановительной реакции и получения содержащего серу отходящего газа. Содержащий серу отходящий газ охлаждают и конденсируют с получением серы и смешанного отходящего газа. После нагревания в подогревателе смешанный отходящий газ направляют в низкотемпературную восстановительную секцию, остатки SO2 и H2S в смешанном отходящем газе превращают в серу, серу регенерируют в конденсаторе, и остаточный газ сжигают. Обеспечивается простой, экономичный и эффективный процесс регенерации ...

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ВОДОРОДА И ЭЛЕМЕНТАРНОЙ СЕРЫ ИЗ СЕРОВОДОРОДА

Изобретение может быть использовано в производстве водорода и элементарной серы, а также при очистке от сероводорода газовых выбросов. Способ получения водорода и элементарной серы из сероводорода включает пропускание исходного сероводородсодержащего газа через неподвижный слой гранулированного твердого хемосорбента, способного адсорбировать сероводород с образованием водорода и образованием твердых серосодержащих соединений на поверхности хемосорбента. Водород выделяют из полученного газового потока и проводят периодическую регенерацию слоя путем разложения указанных серосодержащих соединений и выделения паров элементарной серы при повышенной температуре с последующей конденсацией паров серы при пониженной температуре. Способ осуществляют по меньшей мере в двух параллельных реакторах, содержащих слои хемосорбента. В каждом из реакторов попеременно чередуют режим хемосорбции с подачей исходного сероводородсодержащего газа и режим регенерации с подачей в противоположном направлении регенерирующего ...

Катализатор для селективного окисления сероводорода (варианты)

Изобретение относится к катализаторам (вариантам) для селективного окисления сероводорода в элементарную серу, включающим соединения железа и кислородсодержащие соединения неметалла. Катализатор дополнительно содержит силикаты и/или алюмосиликаты в количестве 1,0-40,0 мас. %, катализатор в качестве кислородсодержащих соединений неметалла содержит соединения фосфора и/или бора и имеет следующий состав, в пересчете на оксид, мас. %: FeO- 36,0-85,0, PO/BO- 4,0-25,0, силикаты и/или алюмосиликаты - 1,0-40,0. Второй вариант катализатора дополнительно включает по крайней мере одно соединение металла, выбранного из группы: кобальт, марганец, цинк, хром, медь, никель, титан, молибден, вольфрам, ванадий в количестве 0,1-30,0 мас. %. Технический результат заключается в получении катализатора, который характеризуется оптимизированной текстурой: пониженным насыпным весом, повышенным объемом пор, средним диаметром пори обеспечивает выход серы не менее 85% в интервале температур 180-300°C в многокомпонентных ...

Способ обессеривания газов

Vorrichtung zur Gewinnung von Schwefel durch Teilverbrennung von H S-Gas

VERFAHREN ZUM ENTFERNEN VON SCHWEFELOXIDEN AUS RAUCHGAS MIT REGENERIERBARER AKTIVKOHLE

Verfahren zur Entschwefelung

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Entschwefelung, wobei ein Gasgemisch zur Separation saurer Gaskomponenten einem Abtrennprozess unterzogen wird, bei dem ein Kohlendioxid und Schwefelverbindungen, insbesondere Schwefelwasserstoff, enthaltendes Sauergas gebildet wird, wobei das Sauergas zur Abscheidung elementaren Schwefels einer Claus-Anlage zugeführt wird und wobei das die Claus-Anlage verlassende Restgas einer weiteren Auftrennung unterzogen wird, bei der das in dem Claus-Prozess gebildete Wasser zumindest teilweise entfernt wird. Erfindungsgemäß wird der Claus-Anlage als Sauerstoff enthaltendes Reaktionsgas ausschließlich technisch reiner Sauerstoff zugeführt, wobei der Claus-Anlage nachgelagert Kohlendioxid in einer Reinheit entnommen wird, die eine unmittelbare Sequestrierung oder technische Nutzung ermöglicht.

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schwefel bzw. Chlorschwefel und Chlorwasserstoff aus Schwefelwasserstoff und Chlor

A process for gas sweetening

Chemical process automatic regulating systems

... 988, 642. Infra-red analysis. SOC.NATIONALE DES PETROLES D'AQUITAINE. Feb. 21, 1963 [Feb. 22, 1962], No. 7007/ 63. Heading G1A. [Also in Division G3] In a system for automatically controlling a sulphur recover-process involving the oxidation of H 2 S (see Division G3) the effluent gas is continuously sampled and tested by an infra absorption red analyser. Dual pumps 12 suck in equal volumes of air and effluent which are discharged in a first phase, directly to the analyser, and in a second phase through a catalytic oxidation furnace 15 where the H 2 S is oxidised to SO 2 before analysis. In the analyser to eliminate the effect of any CO 2 which may be present a filter 19 of pure CO 2 between the infra-red source 16 and test cell 17 absorbs in the 4.2 to 4.5 micron band, which overlaps a weak SO 2 absorption in the 3.9 to 4.5 micron band. SO 2 is estimated in the first measurement since it has a high absorption in the 7-9. 5 micron band and the weak effect of H 2 S in the 7-8. 5 micron band ...

A process for gas sweetening

PROCEDURE FOR REMOVING FROM SULFUR CONNECTIONS FROM GASES.

Hydrogen sulfide conversion to hydrogen

A process and system for substantially eliminating contaminants from a gas and a gas produced therefrom.

Separation of gases

A process for separating a mixture of gases into a relatively condensable first component and a relatively non-condensable second component is provided. The first component comprises one or more gases selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, carbonyl sulphide and hydrogen sulphide and the second component one or more gases selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methane, ethane, carbon monoxide, nitrogen, oxygen and synthesis gas. The process itself comprises the following steps: (a) compressing and cooling a mixture of said first and second components in at least one compressor and at least one heat exchanger to a temperature and elevated pressure at which the first components condense and a two-phase gas-liquid mixture is formed; (b) separating the two phase mixture so formed into separate liquid first and gaseous second component fractions in a fractionation unit; (c) extracting residual first component from the separated gaseous second component fraction by scrubbing the second component at elevated pressure with a solvent (e.g. methanol) in a scrubber. In examples, the method further includes one or more steps of warming and expanding the gaseous second component fraction using at least one heat exchanger to exchange heat with a process stream and at least one turbo-expander capable of recovering mechanical work. The process described is highly energy efficient and is especially useful in hydrogen power plants, Integrated Gasification Combined Cycles (IGCC) and for sweetening sour natural gas.

Swing Adsorption Processes Utilizing Controlled Adsorption Fronts

A process for reducing the loss of valuable products by improving the overall recovery of a contaminant gas component in swing adsorption processes. The present invention utilizes at least two adsorption beds, in series, with separately controlled cycles to control the adsorption front and optionally to maximize the overall capacity of a swing adsorption process and to improve overall recovery a contaminant gas component from a feed gas mixture.

Pressure-Temperature Swing Adsorption Process for the Separation of Heavy Hydrocarbons from Natural Gas Streams

The present invention relates to a pressure-temperature swing adsorption process wherein gaseous components that have been adsorbed can be recovered from the adsorbent bed at elevated pressures. In particular, the present invention relates to a pressure-temperature swing adsorption process for the separation of C 2+ hydrocarbons (hydrocarbons with at least 2 carbon atoms) from natural gas streams to obtain a high purity methane product stream. In more preferred embodiments of the present processes, the processes may be used to obtain multiple, high purity hydrocarbon product streams from natural gas stream feeds resulting in a chromatographic-like fractionation with recovery of high purity individual gaseous component streams.

Gas Purification Process Utilizing Engineered Small Particle Adsorbents

A gas separation process uses a structured particulate bed of adsorbent coated shapes/particles laid down in the bed in an ordered manner to simulate a monolith by providing longitudinally extensive gas passages by which the gas mixture to be separated can access the adsorbent material along the length of the particles. The particles can be laid down either directly in the bed or in locally structured packages/bundles which themselves are similarly oriented such that the bed particles behave similarly to a monolith but without at least some disadvantages. The adsorbent particles can be formed with a solid, non-porous core with the adsorbent formed as a thin, adherent coating on the exposed exterior surface. Particles may be formed as cylinders/hollow shapes to provide ready access to the adsorbent. The separation may be operated as a kinetic or equilibrium controlled process.

Process for The Production of Sulfur from Sulfur Dioxide with Tail Gas Recycle

The reduction of the gas stream containing sulfur dioxide to elemental sulfur is carried out by reacting a reducing gas, such as natural gas, methanol or a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, with recycled sulfur and recycled tail gas to produce a stream containing hydrogen sulfide that may be reacted with the gas stream that contains sulfur dioxide. Gas streams with a molar concentration of sulfur dioxide from 1 to 100% may be processed to achieve nearly 100% sulfur recovery efficiency.

Method and device for processing sour gas rich in carbon dioxide in a claus process

A method and apparatus for processing a sour gas rich in carbon dioxide in a Claus process, so sulfur compounds are removed by a selective solvent in a gas scrubbing process. Sulfur components and carbon dioxide, are separated into at least two sour gas fractions, wherein at least one sour gas fraction having a higher content of sulfur components is obtained, wherein the fraction having the highest hydrogen sulfide content is introduced in the thermal reaction stage of the Claus furnace with a gas containing oxygen by means of a burner. The sulfur is converted to sulfur dioxide in the thermal reaction stage of the Claus furnace and exhaust gases are discharged into the closed Claus reaction chamber behind the burner. The remaining sour gas fractions stripped of sulfur components are fed to the Claus reaction chamber and are mixed with the combustion gases leaving the burner.

Configurations and methods of treatment of sulfur-containing vent gases

Sulfur emissions from liquid sulfur are reduced, or even entirely avoided by degassing the liquid sulfur at pressure in an out-of-pit vessel and by sweeping the rundown pit (or vessel) with a sweep gas that is non-poisonous for a hydrogenation catalyst. Acid gases from degassing are fed at pressure to the Claus unit, while sweep gases are fed to the tail gas treatment unit to substantially recycle the acid gases to extinction. In preferred plants and methods, motive fluids and booster eductors or compressors are not needed, and incineration of the acid gases can be avoided.

Ammonia destruction methods for use in a claus tail gas treating unit

Oxidative and reductive methods are described for the cost-effective destruction of an ammonia-bearing gas stream, potentially containing minor but significant quantities of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), in a conventional Claus sulfur recovery tail gas treating unit, using controlled rates and compositions of combustion gases in order to obtain the temperatures necessary for the desired destruction of unwanted combustibles. In accordance with the present disclosure, a reductive method for the destruction of ammonia in a Claus tail gas treating unit is described, wherein the method includes introducing an ammonia-containing gas stream into a first combustion zone of a reactor in combination with a first oxygen-containing air stream to generate a first combustion gas stream composition; introducing a hydrocarbon-containing fuel gas stream and a second oxygen-containing air stream into a second combustion zone of the reactor to generate a second combustion gas stream composition; combining the first and second combustion gas stream compositions in a waste heat boiler to generate a waste effluent gas; contacting the waste effluent gas with a Claus tail gas stream to produce a primary waste stream; and contacting the primary waste stream with a hydrogenation catalyst system for a period of time sufficient to reduce NO x in the primary waste stream to ammonia.

Sulfur recovery unit and sulfur recovery method

A sulfur recovery unit comprising: a reaction furnace configured to carry out a high-temperature Claus reaction between hydrogen-sulfide-containing gas and oxygen-containing gas introduced to the reaction furnace; a sulfur condenser configured to cool reaction gas discharged from the reaction furnace and condense sulfur contained in the reaction gas; and a pipe that connects the reaction furnace to the sulfur condenser, wherein the reaction furnace is fixed to the ground; and the sulfur condenser and the pipe are arranged so as to be able to move relative to the reaction furnace.

Method for the preparation of anhydrous hydrogen halides, inorganic substances and/or inorganic hydrides by using as reactants inorganic halides and reducing agents

A method for completely reducing an inorganic halide to obtain a non-halogen inorganic substance and/or hydride thereof and preferably anhydrous hydrogen halide fluid using inorganic halide substances, such as sulfur hexafluoride, nitrogen trifluoride, tungsten hexafluoride, uranium hexafluoride and others by reduction with a reducing agent at a proper temperature. The reducing agents may be molecular hydrogen, inorganic hydrides and inorganic metallic elements; molecular hydrogen is preferable, but in certain instances the inorganic hydrides are used, as well as inorganic metallic elements such as calcium and magnesium.

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR OBTAINING SWEET GAS, SYNTHETIC GAS AND SULPHUR FROM NATURAL GAS

A method for obtaining sweet gas, synthetic gas, and sulphur from natural gas. The method includes the steps of removing impurities from the natural gas for obtaining pre-treated natural gas; sweetening the pre-treated natural gas through a separation using a plurality of membranes for obtaining sweet gas and acid gases; ionizing the acid gases to dissociate them into sulphur and synthetic gas with remnants of acid gases; and neutralizing the synthetic gas with remnants of acid gases for generating sweet gas. Likewise, a system is presented on how to implement the method. 1. A method for obtaining sweet gas , synthetic gas , and sulphur from natural gas , comprising the steps of:removing impurities from said natural gas for obtaining pre-treated natural gas;sweetening said pre-treated natural gas through a separation using a plurality of membranes for obtaining sweet gas and acid gases;ionizing said acid gases to dissociate them into sulphur and synthetic gas with remnants of acid gases; andneutralizing said synthetic gas with remnants of acid gases for generating synthetic gas.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein before the step of removing impurities from said natural gas for obtaining pre-treated natural gas claim 1 , said natural gas is taken to a temperature from 35 to 50° C. and to a pressure from 65 to 100 kg/cm.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said step of removing impurities from said natural gas for obtaining pre-treated natural gas claim 1 , includes the steps of:separating liquids and solids present in said natural gas through the use of a separator; andcompletely removing liquid and solid contaminants liquids from said natural gas by filtering said natural gas in a coalescing filter for obtaining pre-treated natural gas.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said natural gas comprises at least one gaseous hydrocarbon claim 1 , CO& HS; said gaseous hydrocarbon is selected from a group consisting of methane claim 1 , propane claim 1 , ethylene claim 1 , ...

REMOVAL OF HYDROGEN SULFIDE AND SULFUR RECOVERY FROM A GAS STREAM BY CATALYTIC DIRECT OXIDATION AND CLAUS REACTION

A process for the removal of hydrogen sulfide and sulfur recovery from a HS-containing gas stream by catalytic direct oxidation and Claus reaction through two or more serially connected catalytic reactors, wherein a specific control of the oxygen supplement is operated. The control and improvement of the process is obtained by complementing, in each major step of the process, the HS-containing gas stream by a suitable flow of oxygen, namely before the HS-containing gas stream enters the Claus furnace, in the first reactor of the process and in the last reactor of the process. Especially in application in a SubDewPoint sulfur recovery process the HS/SOratio is kept constant also during switch-over of the reactors R1 and R by adding the last auxiliary oxygen containing gas directly upstream the last reactor R so that the HS/SOratio can follow the signal of the ADA within a few seconds. 1. A process for the removal of hydrogen sulfide (HS) from a HS-containing gas stream through two or more serially connected catalytic reactors , which process comprises:{'sub': 2', '2, 'a) mixing the HS-containing gas stream with a main oxygen-containing gas stream to obtain a gas stream containing both HS and oxygen,'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'b) introducing the obtained gas stream containing both HS and oxygen into a furnace whereby a gas stream depleted in HS is obtained,'}{'sub': '2', 'c) transferring the gas stream depleted in HS to a sulfur condenser to obtain a gas stream depleted in sulfur,'}{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2', 'max', '2, 'sup': 'R1', 'd) introducing the gas stream depleted in sulfur, optionally together with a first auxiliary oxygen-containing gas stream, into a first catalytic reactor R1 containing a catalyst system which catalyzes the Claus reaction of HS with sulfur dioxide (SO), the hydrolysis of COS and CSand optionally direct oxidation of HS with oxygen to sulfur, said reactor being operated at a maximum temperature Tbetween 290 and 350° C., whereby a gas stream depleted ...

METHOD FOR PREPARING HIGHLY NITROGEN-DOPED MESOPOROUS CARBON COMPOSITES

Some embodiments are directed to a new methodology aimed at preparing highly N-doped mesoporous carbon macroscopic composites, and their use as highly efficient heterogeneous metal-free catalysts in a number of industrially relevant catalytic transformations. 1. A method of preparing macroscopic composites made of a macroscopic support coated with a thin layer of highly nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon phase (active phase) , said method comprising:{'sub': 4', '2', '3, '(a) providing an aqueous solution of (i) (NH)CO; (ii) a carbohydrate as carbon source, selected from aldose monosaccharides and glycosilated forms thereof, disaccharides and oligosaccharides or dextrine deriving from biomass conversion, and (iii) a carboxylic acid source selected from citric acid, and any other mono-, di-, tri-, and poly-carboxylic acid or their ammonium mono-, di-, tri- and poly-basic forms;'} [ (a1) providing an aqueous solution of citric acid and a carbohydrate as carbon source, selected from aldose monosaccharides and glycosilated forms thereof, disaccharides and oligosaccharides;', '(c1) prior to step (c), immerging/soaking or impregnating the macroscopic support of step (b) in the aqueous solution of step (a1) for a suitable amount of time;', '(d1) optionally removing the immerged macroscopic support from the aqueous solution of step (a1) if an excess aqueous solution is used in step (c1);', '(e1′) optionally subjecting the resulting macroscopic support to a gentle thermal treatment (drying) under air at low temperatures from 45 to 55° C., preferably 50° C.±3° C.;', '(e1) subjecting the resulting macroscopic support to a first thermal treatment (drying) under air at moderate temperatures from 110-150° C.±5° C., preferably 130° C.±5° C.; and', '(f1) subjecting the thermally treated (dried) macroscopic support to a second thermal treatment under inert atmosphere at higher temperatures from 600-800° C.±10° C., preferably 600° C.±5° C.; thereby generating a macroscopic composite ...

Enhancement of claus tail gas treatment by sulfur dioxide-selective membrane technology

A method for increasing sulfur recovery from an acid gas feed comprising the steps of introducing the acid gas feed and a sulfur dioxide enriched air stream to a Claus process to produce a product gas stream, introducing the product gas stream to a thermal oxidizer to produce a flue gas stream, cooling the flue gas stream to produce a cooled take-off stream, separating the cooled take-off stream into a saturated gas stream, heating the saturated gas stream to produce a membrane gas stream, introducing the membrane gas stream to a membrane sweeping unit, the membrane sweeping unit comprises a membrane, the sulfur dioxide in the membrane gas stream permeates the membrane of the membrane sweeping unit, introducing a sweep air stream, the sweep air stream collects the sulfur dioxide to create the sulfur dioxide enriched air stream.

CLAUS PLANT PREPROCESSING SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR REMOVAL OF AMMONIA FROM CLAUS PLANT FEED GASES

Systems and methods for pre-treatment of acid gas are presented in which ammonium is removed from the acid gas in an absorber that is operated at significantly elevated temperature using dilute phosphoric acid. While seemingly incompatible, absorbing ammonia at high heat in the absorber will allow for production of a diammonium phosphate product that is ultra-low in residual sulfurous compounds and prevent crystallization of phosphate salts due to the increased solubility of the salts in the hot diluted solvent. 1. A method of pre-processing a feed to a Claus plant , comprising:feeding an acid gas stream comprising sulfurous compounds, optionally carbon dioxide, and ammonia to an absorber, and contacting in the absorber the acid gas stream with dilute phosphoric acid to thereby form an absorber overhead product and an absorber bottom product;using a heat source to heat the absorber to thereby maintain a temperature of the absorber overhead product at ≧100° C.;wherein the absorber bottom product contains substantially none of the sulfurous compounds of the acid gas stream and more than 50% of the ammonia of the acid gas stream, and wherein the absorber overhead product contains substantially all of the sulfurous compounds of the acid gas stream and less than 50% of the ammonia of the acid gas stream;feeding the absorber overhead product to a Claus unit, and feeding the absorber bottom product to a downstream device.2. The method of wherein the ammonia is present in the acid gas stream in an amount of at least 10 vol %.3. The method of wherein a molar ratio of ammonia to total sulfurous compounds in the acid gas stream is greater than 1.4. The method of wherein the acid gas stream is provided from an acid gas source selected from the group consisting of a sour water stripper claim 1 , an acid gas removal unit claim 1 , and a low-temperature gasification unit claim 1 , or wherein the acid gas source comprises a hydroprocessing unit that is configured to receive a ...

ENHANCEMENT OF CLAUS TAIL GAS TREATMENT BY SULFUR DIOXIDE-SELECTIVE MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY AND SULFUR DIOXIDE-SELECTIVE ABSORPTION TECHNOLOGY

A method for recovering sulfur from an acid gas feed is provided. The method comprising the steps of mixing the acid gas feed and an absorption process outlet stream to form a combined Claus feed, introducing the combined Claus feed and a sulfur dioxide enriched air feed to a Claus process to produce a Claus outlet gas stream, introducing the Claus outlet gas stream to a thermal oxidizer, treating the thermal oxidizer outlet stream in a gas treatment unit to produce a dehydrated stream, introducing the dehydrated stream to a membrane sweeping unit to produce a sweep membrane residue stream and a sulfur dioxide enriched air feed, introducing a sweep air stream to a permeate side of the membrane sweeping unit, and introducing the sweep membrane residue stream to a sulfur dioxide absorption process to produce the absorption process outlet stream and a stack feed. 1. A system for recovering sulfur from an acid gas feed , the system comprising:a Claus process, the Claus process configured to convert a combined Claus feed to produce a Claus outlet gas stream and a recovered sulfur stream, wherein the combined Claus feed comprises the acid gas feed and an absorption process outlet stream, wherein the acid gas feed comprises hydrogen sulfide such that the acid gas feed has a hydrogen sulfide concentration, wherein the absorption process outlet stream comprises sulfur dioxide, wherein the Claus outlet gas stream comprises sulfur-containing compounds, hydrogen sulfide, and sulfur dioxide; wherein the recovered sulfur stream comprises elemental sulfur,a thermal oxidizer fluidly connected to the Claus process, the thermal oxidizer configured to convert sulfur-containing compounds and hydrogen sulfide in the Claus outlet gas stream to sulfur dioxide to produce a thermal oxidizer outlet stream, wherein the thermal oxidizer outlet stream comprises the sulfur dioxide and water vapor;a gas treatment unit fluidly connected to the thermal oxidizer, the thermal oxidizer configured to ...

Sour Pressure Swing Adsorption Process

Methods and apparatuses for separating CO 2 and sulfur-containing compounds from a synthesis gas obtained from gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock. The primary separating steps are performed using a sour pressure swing adsorption (SPSA) system, followed by an acid gas enrichment system and a sulfur removal unit. The SPSA system includes multiple pressure equalization steps and a rinse step using a rinse gas that is supplied from a source other than directly from one of the adsorber beds of the SPSA system.

Acid gas treatment

Apparatus and methods for treating acid gas, which utilizes multi-stage absorption cycle of ammonia desulfurization to treat acid tail gas after pre-treatment of the acid gas, thereby achieving the purpose of efficient and low-cost treatment of acid tail gas. The parameters of the acid tail gas may be adjusted by a regulatory system such that the enthalpy value of the acid tail gas is in the range of 60-850 kJ/kg dry gas, for example, 80-680 kJ/kg dry gas or 100-450 kJ/kg dry gas, to meet the requirements of ammonia desulfurization, and achieve the synergy between the acid gas pre-treatment and ammonia desulfurization. Furthermore, hydrogen sulfide may be converted into sulfur/sulfuric acid plus ammonium sulfate at an adjustable ratio.

HELIUM RECOVERY FROM GASEOUS STREAMS

Recovering helium from a gaseous stream includes contacting an acid gas removal membrane with a gaseous stream to yield a permeate stream and a residual stream, removing a majority of the acid gas from the residual stream to yield a first acid gas stream and a helium depleted clean gas stream, removing a majority of the acid gas from the permeate stream to yield a second acid gas stream and a helium rich stream, and removing helium from the helium rich stream to yield a helium product stream and a helium depleted stream. A helium removal system for removing helium from a gaseous stream including hydrocarbon gas, acid gas, and helium includes a first processing zone including a first acid gas removal unit, a second processing zone including a second acid gas removal unit, a third processing zone, and a helium purification unit. 1. A helium recovery method comprising:contacting an acid gas removal membrane with a gaseous stream comprising hydrocarbon gas, acid gas, and helium, thereby separating the gaseous stream into a permeate stream and a residual stream, each comprising a portion of the hydrocarbon gas, a portion of the acid gas, and a portion of the helium, wherein concentration of the helium in the permeate stream is greater than concentration of the helium in the residual stream, and wherein concentration of the acid gas in the permeate stream is greater than concentration of the acid gas in the residual stream;removing a majority of the acid gas from the residual stream to yield a first acid gas stream and a helium depleted clean gas stream, wherein concentration of acid gas in the first acid gas stream is greater than concentration of acid gas in the helium depleted clean gas stream; andremoving a majority of the acid gas from the permeate stream to yield a second acid gas stream and a helium rich stream, wherein concentration of acid gas in the second acid gas stream is greater than concentration of acid gas in the helium rich stream.2. The method of claim ...

“ENRICH-SMAX” - INTEGRATED H2S REMOVAL, SEPARATION OF IMPURITIES AND PARTIAL ACID GAS ENRICHMENT IN SOUR GAS PROCESSING

This disclosure relates generally to processes sour gas treating for H2S Removal, separation of impurities such as hydrocarbons, BTEX and mercaptans and the Partial Acid Gas Enrichment integrated system from the sour gas field developments, or any application. The combination of innovation schemes comprises one or more absorbers, primary and secondary regenerators. The secondary regenerator functions are, enriching the H2S stream further and to separate the hydrocarbons, mercaptans and BTEX where an additional acid gas enrichment and hydrocarbons removal could be eliminated. Then there is a unique sulfur recovery and tail gas treating with a unique 2-zone reaction furnace, tail gas absorber which operated as partial acid gas enrichment by receiving split acid gas from the SRU and the hydrolysis reactor to hydrolyze sulfur compounds. 1. “Enrich SMAX” is defined as a process of integrated H2S removal , separation of impurities and partial acid gas enrichment in sour gas processing wherein the process comprising the unique design for combination of 3 operating units , the amine (refers to A , B , C) , and sulfur recovery (refers to D , E) and tail gas treating units (refers to F , G) respectively.(A) The Amine Unit consists of one or more absorbers, with primary and secondary regeneration system and by using generic or formulated selective commercial solvent in a form of chemical, physical, hybrid or combinations, by contacting sour gas with the lean solvent in the absorber (s) to produce treated gas and rich solvent containing H2S and hydrocarbons and mercaptans;(B) Processing rich solvent in secondary amine regenerator to separate H2S, hydrocarbons, mercaptans and BTEX from rich solvent as enriched acid gas stream and recycling portion of the hot acid gas from primary amine regenerator to secondary amine regeneration for further H2S acid gas enrichment;(C) Processing heated rich solvent from the secondary amine regeneration in the primary amine regenerator to remove ...

HIGH TEMPERATURE DRY DESULFURIZATION SYSTEM AND METHOD USING MULTI REGENERATION RECTOR

A desulfurization system removes sulfur ingredients included synthetic gas generated from gasification of coal in a high temperature dry state. The system includes a desulfurization reactor, a desulfurization cyclone, and first and second regeneration reactors branched in the desulfurization cyclone. A first oxidizing agent is injected to a first oxidizing agent inlet of the first regeneration reactor, and a second oxidizing agent is injected to a second oxidizing agent inlet of the second regeneration reactor. A controller operates one of the first and second regeneration reactors in a regeneration mode, controlling the other to operate in a desulfurization mode. 1. A desulfurization system removing sulfur ingredients included synthetic gas generated from gasification of coal in a high temperature dry state , comprising:a desulfurization reactor removing sulfur ingredients of the synthetic gas by desulfurizing agent;a desulfurization cyclone discharging by separating synthetic gas removed sulfur ingredients discharged in the desulfurization reactor and desulfurizing agent absorbed sulfur ingredients;at least one of a first regeneration reactor branched in the desulfurization cyclone and regenerates the desulfurizing agent absorbed the sulfur ingredients by flowing the desulfurizing agent absorbed the discharged sulfur ingredients;at least one of a second regeneration reactor branched in the desulfurization cyclone and regenerates the desulfurizing agent absorbed the sulfur ingredients by flowing the desulfurizing agent absorbed discharged sulfur ingredients;a first oxidizing agent supplying means injecting oxidizing agent to a first oxidizing agent inlet of the first regeneration reactor, and a second oxidizing agent supplying means injecting oxidizing agent to a second oxidizing agent inlet of the second regeneration reactor;a first inlet valve provided at a side of a first regeneration reactor inlet pipe connecting between the desulfurization cyclone and a first ...

SUPERSULF- A PROCESS WITH INTERNAL COOLING AND HEATING REACTORS IN SUBDEWPOINT SULFUR RECOVERY AND TAIL GAS TREATING SYSTEMS

SuperSulf process refers to an innovative reactor design consisting of internal cooling and heating thermoplate exchangers where it is filled by the Claus type catalysts between plates in the SRU and hydrogenation catalysts in the tail gas unit. SuperSulf reactor consists of 3 reactor zones in the sulfur recovery which operates as a SubDewPoint process where the mode of operation are controlled by switching valves on the utilities streams high pressure steam and high quality water and steam where the first 2 zones operate as hot and cold and switches to cold and hot where the produced sulfur is condensed. The third zone operates as cold all the time where consists of the last sulfur condenser by producing Low pressure steam. The tail gas unit consists of 2 reactor zones of hydrogenation reactor and hydrolysis reactor with internal plate cooling then followed by the tail gas amine with a selective solvent. The thermal incineration system can meet less than 50 ppmv of SO2 and with caustic incineration less than 10 ppmv of SO2 resulting zero emission. 1. A process for the production of sulfur from sulfur compounds-containing acid gases streams , the process comprising the following 7 steps:A—step 1) The process comprises a thermal stage (s) (reaction furnace stages) of the Claus Unit with air, enriched air or oxygen enrichment operation;B—step 2) The process comprises at least one catalytic stage containing Titanium catalyst to hydrolyze sulfur byproducts from the thermal stage and the Claus catalysts to perform the Claus reaction;C—step 3) The SuperSulf process comprises 3 reactor zones equipped with internal heating and internal cooling thermoplate exchangers and filled by the Claus catalysts between plates and these zones operate as a SubDewPoint process to achieve higher recovery where zone 1 and 2 mode of operation switches between hot and cold at least once a day;D—step 4) The process comprises motor operating switching valves to control these reactor zones for ...

Membrane process for h2 recovery from sulfur recovery tail gas stream of sulfur recovery units and process for environmentally greener sales gas

Methods and systems are provided for treating the tail gas stream of a sulfur recovery plant. The methods including generating a tail gas stream from a sulfur recovery plant, treating the tail gas stream with a hydrogen sulfide removal unit and a hydrogen selective membrane unit, generating a stream low in hydrogen sulfide and a stream rich in hydrogen. The hydrogen sulfide rich stream is recycled to the sulfur recovery unit. The hydrogen selective membrane unit includes a glassy polymer membrane selective for hydrogen over hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide.

Sulfur Recovery Within A Gas Processing System

A method for recovering sulfur within a gas processing system is described herein. The method includes contacting a natural gas stream including an acid gas with a solvent stream within a co-current contacting system to produce a sweetened natural gas stream and a rich solvent stream including an absorbed acid gas. The method also includes removing the absorbed acid gas from the rich solvent stream within a regenerator to produce a concentrated acid gas stream and a lean solvent stream. The method further includes recovering elemental sulfur from hydrogen sulfide (HS) within the concentrated acid gas stream via a sulfur recovery unit. 1. A gas processing system , comprising: contact a natural gas stream comprising an acid gas with a solvent stream to produce a sweetened natural gas stream and a rich solvent stream comprising an absorbed acid gas; and', 'send the rich solvent stream to a regenerator;, 'a co-current contacting system configured to remove the absorbed acid gas from the rich solvent stream to produce a concentrated acid gas stream and a lean solvent stream; and', 'send the concentrated acid gas stream to a sulfur recovery unit; and, 'the regenerator configured to{'sub': '2', 'the sulfur recovery unit configured to recover elemental sulfur from hydrogen sulfide (HS) within the concentrated acid gas stream.'}2. The gas processing system of claim 1 , wherein the co-current contacting system comprises: an annular support ring configured to maintain the co-current contactor within the pipe;', 'a plurality of radial blades configured to allow the solvent stream to flow into the co-current contactor; and', 'a central gas entry cone configured to allow the natural gas stream to flow through a hollow section within the co-current contactor;', 'wherein the co-current contactor provides for efficient incorporation of liquid droplets formed from the solvent stream into the natural gas stream such that the acid gas from the natural gas stream is absorbed by the ...

ZERO EMISSIONS SULPHUR RECOVERY PROCESS WITH CONCURRENT HYDROGEN PRODUCTION

Disclosed is a process for the concurrent production of hydrogen and sulphur from a HS-containing gas stream, with reduced, and preferably zero, emissions. The method comprises the catalytic oxidative cracking of HS so as to form Hand S. Preferably, the oxidation is conducted using oxygen-enriched air, preferably pure oxygen. The process is conducted in a reaction chamber comprising a bifunctional catalyst material, so as to favor both the partial oxidation of HS and the dissociation thereof. 1. A method for the production of hydrogen from a HS-containing gas stream , comprising subjecting the gas stream to catalytic oxidative cracking so as to form Hand S.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the catalytic oxidative cracking is conducted with a molar ratio HS/Oin the feedstock higher than 2:1.3. A method according to claim 2 , wherein the ratio is 3:1-5:1.4. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the catalytic oxidative cracking is conducted under the influence of an oxygen-containing gas-stream comprising at least 40% oxygen.5. A method according to claim 4 , wherein the oxygen-containing gas-stream is oxygen having a purity of from 90%-100%.6. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the catalytic oxidative cracking is conducted under the influence of a single catalyst selected from the group consisting of Pt claim 1 , Rh claim 1 , Ru claim 1 , Ir claim 1 , Pd claim 1 , Co claim 1 , Mo claim 1 , Ni claim 1 , Fe claim 1 , W claim 1 , Cu claim 1 , Cd claim 1 , the corresponding sulphides claim 1 , the corresponding oxides claim 1 , and combinations of the foregoing.7. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the catalytic oxidative cracking is conducted under the influence of an oxidation catalyst and a separate cracking catalyst.8. A method according to claim 7 , wherein the oxidation catalyst is selected from the group consisting of one or more active components selected from Group VIII metals and the cracking catalyst is selected from the group consisting of ...

Process for Acid Gas Treatment and Power Generation

Systems and processes for treating acid gas from a sour gas stream are provided. A chemical looping combustion (CLC) process is provided that uses CaCOto capture sulfur from the acid gas and produce CaSO. An acid gas treatment unit may receive an acid gas from an acid gas removal unit and produce the CaSOand various gas and air streams for use in heat exchangers for steam production. The acid gas treatment unit may include a fuel reactor, an oxidizer reactor, and a calciner reactor. Another acid gas treatment unit may include a fuel reactor that includes the calciner function and an oxidizer reactor. A selective membrane module may be disposed between the sour gas stream and an acid gas removal unit to produce a HS and COpermeate that is mixed with the acid gas stream provided to the acid gas treatment unit. 1. A system , comprising: a fuel reactor operable to receive the acid gas stream and calcium oxide, the fuel reactor further operable to react the hydrogen sulfide with the calcium oxide to produce calcium sulfide and a first gas stream comprising water vapor and carbon dioxide;', 'an oxidizer reactor operable to receive the calcium sulfide and a first air stream, the oxidizer reactor further operable to produce calcium sulfate and an oxygen-lean second air stream, the oxygen-lean air stream comprising no more than 15% by weight oxygen: and', 'a calciner reactor operable to receive the oxygen-lean second air stream and calcium carbonate, the calciner reactor further operable to produce the calcium oxide and a second gas stream, the second gas stream comprising carbon dioxide., 'an acid gas treatment unit operable to treat an acid gas stream comprising hydrogen sulfide, the acid gas treatment unit comprising2. The system of claim 1 , comprising one or more heat exchangers operable to receive at least one of the first gas stream claim 1 , the second gas stream claim 1 , and the oxygen-lean second air stream claim 1 , the one or more heat exchangers further ...

METHOD FOR PARTIAL REDUCTION OF SO2

The present invention relates to a method for partial reduction of SO, wherein a SOstream, an oxidant and a gaseous fuel are fed to a burner and reacted in a flame reaction. The burner comprises at least one supply opening for the SOstream, at least one supply opening for the oxidant and at least one supply opening for the gaseous fuel, and a burner head () with first injection sets () and second injection sets (). First injection sets () are arranged in a first section () of the burner head (), and second injection sets () are arranged in a second section () of the burner head (). The stoichiometric ratio of SO, fuel and oxidant supplied through the first injection sets () is different from the stoichiometric ratio of SO, fuel and oxidant supplied through the second injection sets (). 115-. (canceled)1617897841951789. A method for partial reduction of SO , wherein a SOstream , an oxidant and a gaseous fuel are fed to a burner and reacted in a flame reaction , wherein the burner comprises at least one supply opening for the SOstream , at least one supply opening for the oxidant and at least one supply opening for the gaseous fuel , and wherein the burner further comprises: a burner head () with first injection sets ( , ) and second injection sets () , the first injection sets ( , ) arranged in a first section () of the burner head () , the second injection sets () arranged in a second section () of the burner head () , and a stoichiometric ratio of SO , fuel and oxidant supplied through the first injection sets ( , ) is different from a stoichiometric ratio of SO , fuel and oxidant supplied through the second injection sets ().17789789789aaabbb. The method of claim 16 , wherein at least one of the first and/or second injection sets ( claim 16 , claim 16 , ) comprise a first port ( claim 16 , claim 16 , ) for oxidant claim 16 , and a second port ( claim 16 , claim 16 , ) for fuel and/or SO.18783029. The method of claim 16 , wherein the relative quantities of SO claim ...

SETR- SUPER ENHANCED TAIL GAS RECOVERY; A TAIL GAS PROCESS WITH ADSORBENT REACTORS FOR ZERO EMISSIONS

SETR tail gas treating process refers to an innovative process consist of the adsorbent and regeneration reactors. The SETR reactor stands for Super Enhanced Tail gas Recovery switching between adsorption and regeneration mode and the STER reactors are located after the tail gas incineration before the stack replacing any type of the caustic scrubber system. The SETR innovative process is not a sub dew point process where the bed become saturated with sulfur, instead, the SETR process are fixed bed reactors that requires heat up and cool down for the SO2 adsorption-based Claus tail gas process. The adsorption mode operates at cold temperature to adsorb the SO2. The regenerator mode operates at hot temperature to regenerate the SO2 by adding a slip stream of the H2S and air from the SRU to the SETR reactor that contains adsorbed SO2 to promote the Claus reaction. In the SETR reactors H2S to react with the adsorbed SO2 in the bed with oxygen the outlet of the hot reactor is recycled to the SRU thermal or catalytic section. The gas stream from the adsorbed cold reactor flows to the stack and it is SO2 free and zero emission is achieved. 1. A tail gas treating process for recovering the sulfur compounds and recycling back to the sulfur recovery plant located after the tail gas incineration and before the stack , it is not a sub dew point process where the bed become saturated with sulfur , instead , the SETR process are fixed bed reactors that requires heat up and cool down for the SO2 adsorption-based Claus tail gas process; The SETR reactors do not use any chemical agent or solvent and do not produce any chemical or spent waste stream. The process comprising the following 7 steps:A-step 1) The process comprises two reactors as the adsorbent and regeneration reactors operates in two cycles cold and hot mode;B-step 2) The process comprises at least the Claus catalysts containing Alumina and Titanium catalysts to initiate and to perform the Claus reaction in regeneration ...

Method and Device for Hydrogen Sulfide Dissociation in Electric Arc

Device for hydrogen sulfide plasma dissociation includes a plasma chemical reactor including an arc plasma generator that has a cathode and an anode; the anode having a working surface for contacting hydrogen sulfide plasma, wherein the working surface is made from a material that includes stainless steel, tungsten or molybdenum; the cathode having a tip for arc attachment where a cathode spot is formed, wherein the cathode tip is made from pure tungsten, pure molybdenum, a tungsten or molybdenum alloy with tungsten as a major component or a composite material in which tungsten or molybdenum is the major component; and a flow path configured to have an inlet for gaseous hydrogen sulfide for dissociation in plasma into hydrogen and sulfur, and an outlet for gaseous products of hydrogen sulfide plasma dissociation. Optionally, the alloy or composite material has up to 10% low work function elements (thorium, cerium, lanthanum, or zirconium). 1. A device for hydrogen sulfide plasma dissociation , comprising:a plasma chemical reactor including an arc plasma generator that has a cathode and an anode;the anode having a working surface for contacting hydrogen sulfide plasma, wherein the working surface is made from a material that includes stainless steel, tungsten or molybdenum;the cathode having a tip for arc attachment where a cathode spot is formed, wherein the cathode tip is made from pure tungsten, pure molybdenum, a tungsten or molybdenum alloy with tungsten or molybdenum as a major component or a composite material in which tungsten or molybdenum is the major component; anda flow path configured to have an inlet for gaseous hydrogen sulfide for dissociation in plasma into hydrogen and sulfur, and an outlet for gaseous products of hydrogen sulfide plasma dissociation.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the alloy of the cathode has up to 10% of low work function elements.3. The device of claim 2 , wherein the low work function elements are any of thorium claim 2 , ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SULFUR RECOVERY

A method for treating an acid gas stream in a sulfur recovery system is provided, the method including providing a motive fluid to an ejector, providing the acid gas stream to the ejector to obtain a mixture, the mixture comprising the motive fluid and the acid gas stream, providing the mixture to a reaction furnace, providing a combustion gas to the reaction furnace, the combustion gas comprising oxygen, and reacting the contents of the reaction furnace. An apparatus for treating an acid gas stream is also provided. 1. A sulfur recovery system comprising:a reaction furnace;a motive fluid stream for providing a motive fluid to an ejector;an acid gas stream for providing an acid gas to the ejector, the ejector connected to the reaction furnace for providing to the reaction furnace a mixture comprising the motive fluid and the acid gas; anda combustion gas supply stream connected to the reaction furnace for providing a combustion gas to the reaction furnace, the combustion gas comprising oxygen.2. The sulfur recovery system of claim 1 , wherein the acid gas comprises amine acid gas.3. The sulfur recovery system of claim 1 , wherein the acid gas comprises between 5 and 100 mole percent hydrogen sulfide.4. The sulfur recovery system of claim 1 , further comprising an oxygen stream connected to the reaction furnace for providing oxygen to the reaction furnace.5. The sulfur recovery system of claim 1 , wherein the motive fluid comprises steam.6. The sulfur recovery system of claim 1 , wherein the motive fluid comprises pressurized liquid water claim 1 , water vapor claim 1 , hydrogen sulfide claim 1 , sulfur dioxide claim 1 , carbon dioxide claim 1 , or mixtures thereof.7. The sulfur recovery system of claim 1 , further comprising a sulfur recovery block connected to the reaction furnace for receiving an effluent stream from the reaction furnace claim 1 , and a pressure control valve positioned downstream from the sulfur recovery block for controlling the operating ...

Systems And Methods For Separating Hydrogen Sulfide From Carbon Dioxide In A High-Pressure Mixed Stream

Systems and methods for separating hydrogen sulfide from carbon dioxide in a high-pressure mixed stream are disclosed herein. The methods include receiving the high-pressure mixed stream in an oxidation reactor and at an inlet pressure of at least 0.3 megapascals. The high-pressure mixed stream includes 0.01 to 5 mole percent hydrogen sulfide and at least 90 mole percent carbon dioxide. The methods further include oxidizing the high-pressure mixed stream with an oxidant to generate a high-pressure oxidized stream, includes oxidized hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide, at an oxidation pressure of at least 0.3 megapascals. The methods also include separating the high-pressure oxidized stream into an oxidized hydrogen sulfide product and a carbon dioxide product and generating the carbon dioxide product at a pressure of at least 0.3 megapascals. The systems include the high-pressure mixed stream, an oxidation reactor, and a separation assembly.

ACTIVATED METAL LOW TEMPERATURE REACTION PROCESSES AND PRODUCTS

In a method for capturing carbon, sulfur, and/or nitrogen from a target source, a matrix including activated metal dispersed in a metal activating agent is provided. The target source may be or include a carbon, sulfur, and/or nitrogen target compound. The target source is contacted with the matrix, wherein the activated metal reacts with the target source to produce elemental carbon, elemental sulfur, elemental nitrogen, and/or one or more compounds transformed from the target compound(s). The matrix may be produced by contacting a metal with the metal activating agent, and maintaining contact between the metal and the metal activating agent for a period of time sufficient for metal atoms from the solid metal to disperse in the metal activating agent. The reaction may also produce a metal compound. The activated metal may also be utilized in alkylation and other synthesis processes. 1. A method for capturing a target element from a target source , the method comprising:providing a matrix comprising an activated metal dispersed in a metal activating agent; andcontacting the target source with the matrix, wherein:the target element is selected from the group consisting of carbon, sulfur, nitrogen, and a combination of two or more of the foregoing;the target source comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of a target carbon compound, a target sulfur compound, a target nitrogen compound, and a combination of two or more of the foregoing; andthe activated metal reacts with the target source to produce a product selected from the group consisting of elemental carbon, elemental sulfur, elemental nitrogen, a transformed carbon compound transformed from the target carbon compound, a transformed sulfur compound transformed from the target sulfur compound, a transformed nitrogen compound transformed from the target nitrogen compound, and a combination of two or more of the foregoing.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the activated metal reacts with the target ...

Removal of Acid Gases From A Gas Stream, With O2 Enrichment For Acid Gas Capture and Sequestration

A method and apparatus for processing a hydrocarbon gas stream including sulfurous components and carbon dioxide. The hydrocarbon gas stream is separated into a sweetened gas stream and an acid gas stream. The acid gas stream and an air stream, enriched with oxygen such that the air stream comprises between 22% and 100% oxygen, are combusted in a sulfur recovery unit to separate the acid gas stream into a liquid stream of elemental sulfur and a tail gas stream comprising acid gas impurities. The tail gas stream and an air flow are sub-stoichiometrically combusted to produce an outlet stream comprising hydrogen sulfide and carbon monoxide. The outlet stream is hydrogenated to convert sulfur species to a gaseous catalytic output stream comprising hydrogen sulfide. Water is removed from the gaseous catalytic output stream to produce a partially-dehydrated acid gas stream, which is pressurized and injected into a subsurface reservoir. 1. A gas processing facility for processing a hydrocarbon gas stream including sulfurous components and carbon dioxide , the gas processing facility comprising: a sweetened gas stream and', 'an acid gas stream comprised primarily of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide;, 'an acid gas removal facility for separating the hydrocarbon gas stream into'} a liquid stream of elemental sulfur, and', 'a tail gas stream comprising acid gas impurities; and, 'a Claus sulfur recovery unit (SRU) that receives the acid gas stream and an air stream, the air stream being enriched with oxygen such that the air stream comprises between 22% and 100% oxygen, the SRU combusting the acid gas stream and the atmospheric air to thereby separate the acid gas stream into'} [{'sub': '2', 'a reducing gas generator (RGG) that combusts fuel gas and the tail gas stream with an air flow, the RGG sub-stoichiometrically combusting the fuel gas and tail gas stream with the air flow to produce an RGG outlet stream comprising hydrogen sulfide (HS) and carbon monoxide;'}, {'sub': ...

SUPERDEGAS- A PROCESS OF INTEGRATING SULFUR COLLECTION AND DEGASSING FOR ZERO EMISSION

SuperDegas process refers to innovative process of the liquid sulfur collection and degassing which takes place in the underground container in a concrete pit or a carbon steel vessel located in the concrete pit. SuperDegas process consists of at least three compartments: (1) sulfur collection to agitate and create turbulent, higher velocity, and higher pressure in the liquid sulfur for more effective degassing by using vertical pumps; (2) consists of the proprietary air spargers and Morpholine catalyst for degassing. Morpholine catalyst degas the liquid sulfur 30 times faster than Quinoline or any other solvent with sparging air and within 1 hour residence time from 16-30 hours and to meet less than 10 ppmw of H2S in liquid sulfur. (3) The last compartment receives the degassed sulfur by overflow and transport through a pump or pumps to other facilities. An eductor will sweep vapor phase containing H2S, vaporized Morpholine with air where the pit vent can be sent to incineration or the reaction furnace. The tail gas stream from SRU can sweep the pit and the discharge shall be recycled to the tail gas unit, which ultimately zero emission can be achieved. 1. An integrated process for the liquid sulfur collection and degassing in the underground container , where the produced sulfur from any type of sulfur recovery processes including Claus; containing polysulfides and hydrogen sulfide is treated in the SuperDegas process comprising the following 7 steps:A—step 1) The process comprises an underground container as a concrete pit or a carbon steel vessel inside of the concrete pit of consisting at least three compartments;B—step 2) The process comprises to collect the liquid sulfur into the first compartment containing at least one vertical pump inside the container to agitate, create turbulent by increasing velocity and higher pressure of the liquid sulfur;C—step 3) The second compartment of SuperDegas process introduces the higher pressure streams of liquid sulfur ...

CATALYST FOR CATALYTIC OXIDATIVE CRACKING OF HYDROGEN SULPHIDE WITH CONCURRENT HYDROGEN PRODUCTION

Disclosed is a catalyst suitable for the catalytic oxidative cracking of a HS-containing gas stream. The catalyst comprises at least one or more active metals selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, and nickel, supported by a carrier comprising ceria and alumina. The active metal is preferably in the form of its sulphide. Also disclosed is a method for the production of hydrogen from a HS-containing gas stream, comprising subjecting the gas stream to catalytic oxidative cracking so as to form Hand S, using a catalyst in accordance with any one of the composition claims. 1. A method for the production of hydrogen from a HS-containing gas stream , comprising subjecting the gas stream to catalytic oxidative cracking so as to form Hand S , using a catalyst comprising at least one active metal selected from the group consisting of iron , cobalt , nickel , and combinations thereof , wherein said active metal is supported by a carrier comprising ceria and alumina.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition of the catalyst comprises nickel.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalytic oxidative cracking is conducted with a molar ratio HS/Oin the feedstock higher than 2:1 claim 1 , preferably in the range of from 2:1 to 6:1.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the ratio is in a range of from 3:1 to 5:1 claim 3 , preferably 3.5:1 to 4.5:1.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalytic oxidative cracking is conducted using an oxygen-containing gas-stream comprising at least 40 vol. % oxygen claim 1 , preferably at least 60 vol. % oxygen.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the oxygen-containing gas-stream is oxygen having a purity of from 90-100 vol. %. 7.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalytic oxidative cracking is conducted at a temperature in a range from 700° C. to 1300° C. claim 1 , preferably in a range from 950° C. to 1250° C.8. The method of claim 1 , comprising a further step of subjecting formed SO claim 1 , and optionally also COS and/or ...

Systems and Methods for Degassing of Sulfur

Contemplated systems and methods for removing polysulfides and hydrogen sulfide from liquid sulfur of a Claus plant include (a) physically separated steps of catalytic decomposition of polysulfides and gas stripping, or (b) use of the stripping gas as the continuous phase in a packed column with decomposition catalyst to so avoid catalyst attrition.

HYDROGEN SULFIDE CONVERSION TO HYDROGEN

A process and system for substantially eliminating contaminants from a gas and a gas produced therefrom. 1. A process for producing hydrogen from a gas stream comprising hydrogen sulfide or hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide , said process comprising: i. an inlet for introducing the gas stream into the interior chamber;', 'ii. the heating zone disposed in the interior chamber and adapted to contact said gas stream, said heating zone comprising a catalyst selected from the group consisting of azurite, malachite, and a metal having 75% nickel and 25% chromium;', 'iii. said membrane consisting of a ceramic membrane disposed in the interior chamber, said ceramic membrane being permeable to hydrogen gas but impermeable to hydrogen sulfide and sulfur vapor, said membrane interior defining a flow passageway in communication with a first outlet;', 'iv. the sulfur condenser being disposed in the interior chamber below the membrane in fluid communication with a second outlet; and', 'v. a gas outlet in communication with the interior chamber;, 'a. passing the gas stream to a vertical reactor chamber, wherein the reactor chamber has an outer cylindrical wall defining an interior chamber, said interior chamber including a heating zone, a membrane and a sulfur condenser, said reactor havingb. reacting the hydrogen sulfide and optionally the hydrogen sulfide and the carbon dioxide in the heating zone at temperature of from about 400° C. to about 700° C. wherein a conversion of hydrogen sulfide is at least about 95% to provide hydrogen gas and sulfur vapor, and optionally water in the interior chamber;c. continuously and immediately removing the hydrogen gas through said membrane to provide hydrogen and withdrawing the hydrogen from the first outlet;d. continuously condensing the sulfur vapor in the condensing zone to provide liquid sulfur withdrawing the liquid sulfur from the second outlet; ande. withdrawing a reactor effluent gas from the interior chamber from the gas outlet, ...

CATALYST FOR A SULPHUR RECOVERY PROCESS WITH CONCURRENT HYDROGEN PRODUCTION, METHOD OF MAKING THEREOF AND THE SULPHUR RECOVERY PROCESS WITH CONCURRENT HYDROGEN PRODUCTION USING THE CATALYST

Disclosed is a catalyst suitable for the catalytic oxidative cracking of a HS-containing gas stream, particularly in the event that the stream also contains methane and/or ammonia. The catalyst comprises iron and molybdenum supported by a carrier comprising aluminium. The carrier preferably is alumina. The iron and molybdenum preferably are in the form of sulphides. Also disclosed is a method for the production of hydrogen from a HS-containing gas stream, comprising subjecting the gas stream to catalytic oxidative cracking so as to form Hand S, using a catalyst in accordance with any one of the preceding claims. 1. A catalyst suitable for the catalytic oxidative cracking of a HS-containing gas stream , the catalyst comprising iron and molybdenum supported by a carrier comprising aluminium.2. A catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the iron is in the form of iron sulphide.3. A catalyst according to or claim 1 , wherein the molybdenum is in the form of molybdenum sulphide.4. A catalyst according to any one of the preceding claims claim 1 , wherein the carrier is made up of AlO.5. A catalyst according to any one of the preceding claims claim 1 , wherein the iron is present in the catalyst in a range of from 1 to 50% by weight claim 1 , preferably 2% by weight of the catalyst.6. A catalyst according to any one of the preceding claims claim 1 , wherein the molybdenum is present in the catalyst in a range of from 1 to 50% by weight claim 1 , preferably 6% by weight of the catalyst.7. A method for the production of hydrogen from a HS-containing gas stream claim 1 , comprising subjecting the gas stream to catalytic oxidative cracking so as to form Hand S claim 1 , using a catalyst in accordance with any one of the preceding claims.8. A method according to claim 7 , wherein the catalytic oxidative cracking is conducted with a molar ratio HS/Oin the feedstock higher than 2:1 claim 7 , preferably in the range of 2:1-6:1.9. A method according to claim 8 , wherein the ratio is ...

PROCESS FOR PURIFYING CRUDE SYNTHESIS GAS TO PRODUCE AN ACID GAS AND ACID GAS SEPARATOR

The invention relates to a gas scrubbing process for purifying crude synthesis gas with methanol as a physical absorption medium, wherein an acid gas comprising at least hydrogen sulfide (HS) is produced. The acid gas is produced in a hot regenerator arranged downstream of an absorption apparatus and subsequently separated from gaseous methanol in an acid gas separator by cooling and condensation. The acid gas separator has a condensation region and an absorption region, wherein both regions are separated from one another by a gas-permeable tray. This has the result that impurities such as hydrogen cyanide and/or ammonia outgassing from a first acid gas substream are not reabsorbed in the condensation region of the acid gas separator, thus avoiding an accumulation of impurities in the hot regenerator or other parts of the gas scrubbing plant. The invention further relates to an acid gas separator and to the use of the acid gas separator according to the invention in a process according to the invention. 1. A process for purifying crude synthesis gas with methanol as a physical absorption medium , wherein an acid gas comprising hydrogen sulfide (HS) is produced and the process comprises the following process steps:{'sub': 2', '2', '3', '2', '3, 'a. treating crude synthesis gas comprising carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H), hydrogen sulfide (HS) and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and/or ammonia (NH) with methanol in an absorption apparatus to obtain a methanol laden with at least HS and HCN and/or NH;'}{'sub': 2', '3', '2', '3, 'b. hot-regenerating the methanol laden with HS and HCN and/or NHin a hot regenerator to obtain a gas mixture comprising at least methanol, HS, HCN and/or NHwhich is withdrawn from the hot regenerator;'}c. cooling the gas mixture withdrawn from the hot regenerator and transferring the cooled gas mixture into an acid gas separator, wherein the acid gas separator comprises an absorption region and a condensation region, wherein the absorption region and ...

Systems and methods to manage heat in an integrated oil and gas processing plant with sour gas injection

Disclosed are systems and methods for producing oil and gas while removing hydrogen sulfide from fluids produced from oil and gas reservoirs. Hydrogen sulfide-selective membranes are used to remove hydrogen sulfide from bottlenecked plant process steps including hydrogen sulfide removal. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, plant processing efficiency is improved for processing of high temperature associated gas streams by using membranes while integrating heat from other existing process streams. In other embodiments of the present disclosure, plant processing efficiency is improved for processing of high temperature associated gas streams by using high temperature tolerant polymer membranes. Oil and/or gas production is increased.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS TO REMOVE MERCAPTANS FROM SOUR GAS USING MEMBRANES

Disclosed are systems and methods for processing gas produced from oil and gas reservoirs while removing mercaptans from the gas. Mercaptan-selective membranes are used to debottleneck known systems and methods by removing mercaptans from bottlenecked plant process steps including LPG fractionation and mercaptan sweetening. Hydrogen sulfide can be simultaneously removed by the membranes. Production of on specification LPG and sales gases can be increased. 1. A system for increasing on-specification production of sales gas in an oil and gas production plant including mercaptan removal , comprising:a. a molecular sieve dehydration unit comprising at least one vessel in adsorption mode and at least one vessel in regeneration mode for dehydrating a stream of sweet gas;b. a cooler for cooling a regeneration gas from the molecular sieve dehydration unit to form a cooled stream;c. a knockout drum to separate the cooled stream into liquid water and a gas stream;d. a mercaptan-selective membrane to remove mercaptans from the gas stream to form a permeate stream enriched in mercaptans and a retentate stream depleted in mercaptans and enriched in hydrocarbon gases;e. a fractionation unit for separating a combined gas stream comprising the retentate stream and a stream of dehydrated sweet gas from the molecular sieve dehydration unit into LPG comprising propane and butane and sales gas comprising methane, ethane and some nitrogen and treating the combined gas stream with a caustic treatment to further remove mercaptans from the combined gas stream; andf. a Claus unit for converting mercaptans from the permeate streaminto elemental sulfur.2. A method for increasing on-specification production of sales gas in an oil and gas production plant including mercaptan removal , comprising:a. dehydrating a stream of sweet gas in a molecular sieve dehydration unit comprising at least one vessel in adsorption mode and at least one vessel in regeneration mode;b. cooling a regeneration gas ...

ZERO EMISSIONS SULPHUR RECOVERY PROCESS WITH CONCURRENT HYDROGEN PRODUCTION

Disclosed is a process for the concurrent production of hydrogen and sulphur from a HS-containing gas stream, with reduced, and preferably zero, emissions. The method comprises the catalytic oxidative cracking of HS so as to form Hand S. Preferably, the oxidation is conducted using oxygen-enriched air, preferably pure oxygen. The process is conducted in a reaction chamber comprising a bifunctional catalyst material, so as to favor both the partial oxidation of HS and the dissociation thereof. 1. A plant suitable for conducting the catalytic oxidative cracking of a H2S-containing gas stream , said plant comprising an inlet for a H2S-containing acid gas stream , an inlet for an oxygen-comprising stream , and a catalytic oxidative cracking reaction zone , comprising at least one catalytic material suitable for H2S partial oxidation and cracking.2. A plant according to claim 1 , wherein the catalytic material comprises a single catalyst selected from the group consisting of Pt claim 1 , Rh claim 1 , Ru claim 1 , Ir claim 1 , Pd claim 1 , Co claim 1 , Mo claim 1 , Ni claim 1 , Fe claim 1 , W claim 1 , Cu claim 1 , Cd claim 1 , the corresponding sulphides claim 1 , the corresponding oxides claim 1 , and combinations of the foregoing; or comprises an oxidation catalyst selected from the group consisting of one or more active components selected from Group VIII metals and a cracking catalyst selected from the group consisting of metal sulphides.3. A plant according to claim 1 , further comprising a gas quench zone downstream from the reaction zone. This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/115,831 having an international filing date of 7 May 2012, now allowed, which is the national phase of PCT application PCT/NL2012/050308 having an international filing date of 7 May 2012, which claims benefit of European application No. 11165181.6, filed 6 May 2011. The contents of the above patent applications are incorporated by reference herein in their ...

REVAMPING OF A CLAUS PLANT WITH A SULFURIC ACID PLAN

A revamp process for modifying a sulfur abatement plant including a Claus process plant, the Claus process plant including a Claus reaction furnace and one or more Claus conversion stages, each Claus conversion stage including a conversion reactor and a means for elemental sulfur condensation, and a means of Claus tail gas oxidation configured for receiving a Claus tail gas from said Claus process plant and configured for providing an oxidized Claus tail gas, the process revamp including: a) providing a sulfuric acid producing tail gas treatment plant producing sulfuric acid, and b) providing a means for transferring an amount or all of the sulfuric acid produced in said sulfuric acid producing tail gas treatment plant to said Claus reaction furnace, wherein the moles of sulfur in the transferred sulfuric acid relative to the moles of elemental sulfur withdrawn from the Claus process plant is from 3% to 25%. 1. A revamp process for modifying a sulfur abatement plant comprising a Claus process plant producing elemental sulfur , said Claus process plant comprising a Claus reaction furnace and 1 or more Claus conversion stages , each Claus conversion stage comprising a conversion reactor and a means for elemental sulfur condensation , and a means of Claus tail gas oxidation configured for receiving a Claus tail gas from said Claus process plant and configured for providing an oxidized Claus tail gas ,said process revamp comprising the steps ofa. providing a sulfuric acid producing tail gas treatment plant producing sulfuric acid, andb. providing a means for transferring an amount or all of the sulfuric acid produced in said sulfuric acid producing tail gas treatment plant to said Claus reaction furnace,wherein the moles of sulfur in the transferred sulfuric acid relative to the moles of elemental sulfur withdrawn from said Claus process plant is from 3% to 25%.2. The revamp process of claim 1 , further comprising the step of limiting the number of Claus conversion ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCTION OF SULFUR AND SULFURIC ACID

A process plant and a process for production of sulfur from a feedstock gas including from 15% to 100 vol % HS and a stream of sulfuric acid, the process including a) providing a Claus reaction furnace feed stream with a substoichiometric amount of oxygen, b) directing to a Claus reaction furnace operating at elevated temperature, c) cooling to provide a cooled Claus converter feed gas, d) directing to contact a material catalytically active in the Claus reaction, e) withdrawing a Claus tail gas and elementary sulfur, f) directing a stream comprising said Claus tail gas to a Claus tail gas treatment, wherein sulfuric acid directed to said Claus reaction furnace is in the form of droplets with 90% of the mass of the droplets having a diameter below 500 μm, with the associated benefit of such a process efficiently converting all liquid HSOto gaseous HSOand further to SO. 1. A process for production of sulfur from a feedstock gas comprising from 15% to 100 vol % HS and a stream of sulfuric acid , the process comprising:a. providing a Claus reaction furnace feed stream comprising said feedstock gas, an amount of sulfuric acid, an amount of oxygen and optionally an amount of fuel, wherein the amount of oxygen is substoichiometric,b. directing said Claus reaction furnace feed stream to a Claus reaction furnace operating at elevated temperature, providing a Claus converter feed gas,c. cooling said Claus converter feed gas to provide a cooled Claus converter feed gas and optionally withdrawing elemental sulfur from the gas,d. directing said cooled Claus converter feed gas after optional reheating to contact a material catalytically active in the Claus reaction,e. withdrawing a Claus tail gas and elemental sulfur, optionally by cooling the effluent from said material catalytically active in the Claus reaction,f. directing a stream comprising said Claus tail gas to a Claus tail gas treatment, wherein said sulfuric acid directed to said Claus reaction furnace being in the form ...

Configurations And Methods For Processing High Pressure Acid Gases With Zero Emissions

Plants, processes, and methods for reducing the HS and COcontents of shale gasses from fields that produce shale gasses having varying HS and COcontents are provided. Acid gas enters an absorber and is scrubbed using a lean physical solvent, producing a treated gas and a rich physical solvent. The HS content of the treated gas is further reduced in an amine absorber, producing a pipeline gas and a semi-lean amine. The pipeline gas contains lower levels of HS and COthan gas produced using a polishing bed. A physical solvent regeneration unit regenerates the lean physical solvent from the rich physical solvent for feeding into the absorption unit. An amine regeneration unit regenerates the lean amine from the semi-lean amine for feeding into the amine absorber. Contemplated plants may further comprise a Claus Unit or a Redox unit for oxidizing HS to elemental sulfur. 1. An acid gas processing plant , comprising:an absorption unit configured to (i) receive a feed gas comprising H2S and CO2 and (ii) use a lean physical solvent to absorb a portion of H2S and CO2 within the feed gas to produce a treated gas and a rich physical solvent;an amine absorber coupled to the absorption unit and configured to (i) receive the treated gas from the absorption unit and (ii) use a first portion of a lean amine to absorb a portion of H2S and CO2 within the treated gas to produce a pipeline gas and a semi-lean amine;a physical solvent regeneration unit coupled to the absorption unit and configured to (i) receive the rich physical solvent from the absorption unit and (ii) regenerate the lean physical solvent from the rich physical solvent for feeding into the absorption unit; andan amine regeneration unit coupled to the amine absorber and configured to (i) receive the semi-lean amine from the amine absorber and (ii) regenerate the lean amine from the semi-lean amine for feeding into the amine absorber.2. The plant of claim 1 , wherein the physical solvent regeneration unit comprises (i) a ...

Claus hydrocarbon destruction via staged solvent regeneration

A solvent for absorbing H 2 S and CO 2 is regenerated using two regenerators. Rich solvent is fed to a first regenerator producing a first acid gas stream from the top, and a partially regenerated solvent from the bottom. The partially regenerated solvent is fed to a second regenerator producing an overhead vapor stream from the top and a lean solvent stream from the bottom. A portion of the second regenerator overhead vapor stream may be cascaded to the first regenerator to contact rich solvent. The first acid gas stream and the remaining second regenerator overhead vapor stream are respectively fed to the first and second reaction zones of a two-stage Claus reaction furnace. Substantially all volatile organic contaminants are stripped in the first regenerator, and thus favorably destroyed in the first reaction furnace zone by virtue of higher local combustion temperatures and closer approach to oxidizing conditions.

Zero emissions sulphur recovery process with concurrent hydrogen production

Disclosed is a process for the concurrent production of hydrogen and sulphur from a H 2 S-containing gas stream, with zero emissions. The method comprises the thermal oxidative cracking of H 2 S so as to form H 2 and S 2 . Preferably, the oxidation is conducted using oxygen-enriched air, preferably pure oxygen. The ratio H 2 S/O 2 in the feedstock is higher than 2:1, preferably in the range of 3:1-5:1.

SULFUR RECOVERY UNIT

A sulfur recovery unit for processing an acid gas feed to recover elemental sulfur, the sulfur recovery unit comprising a reaction furnace configured to burn the acid gas feed, an oxygen source, and a fuel gas to create a furnace outlet stream, the acid gas feed comprises hydrogen sulfide which is converted to elemental sulfur, a waste heat boiler configured to capture heat from the furnace outlet stream to create a cooled stream, a condenser configured to condense the cooled stream to produce a waste gas stream and a condensed stream comprising elemental sulfur, a thermal oxidizer configured to burn the waste gas stream to create a sulfur dioxide rich stream, and a sulfur dioxide scrubbing unit configured to remove the amount of sulfur dioxide from the sulfur dioxide rich stream to create an effluent stream and a recycle stream recycled to the reaction furnace. 1. A sulfur recovery unit for processing an acid gas feed to recover elemental sulfur , the sulfur recovery unit comprising: wherein the acid gas feed comprises hydrogen sulfide,', 'wherein the hydrogen sulfide is converted to the elemental sulfur in the reaction chamber;, 'a reaction furnace, the reaction furnace configured to burn the acid gas feed, an oxygen source, and a fuel gas to create a furnace outlet stream, the reaction furnace comprises a main burner and a reaction chamber, the main burner is configured to heat the acid gas feed, the oxygen source, and the fuel gas to a minimum reaction temperature,'} 'wherein the heat captured from the furnace outlet stream is operable to heat a water feed to create steam;', 'a waste heat boiler fluidly connected to the reaction furnace, the waste heat boiler configured to capture heat from the furnace outlet stream to create a cooled stream,'} wherein the waste gas stream comprises sulfur-containing contaminants, and', 'wherein the condensed stream comprises the elemental sulfur;, 'a condenser fluidly connected to the waste heat boiler, the condenser configured ...

STAGED COMBUSTION OF SULFUREOUS COMBUSTIBLE EFFLUENTS WITH RECOVERY OF THE SULFUR IN THE CLAUS PROCESS

The invention relates to a process for advantageously efficiently treating a sulfureous combustible effluent stream by recovering the sulfur in elemental form. This process consists especially of the succession of two steps: 1. Process for treating a sulfureous combustible effluent stream , comprising the successive steps consisting in:introducing into a combustion chamber the said stream and an oxidant gas in excess, performing the total combustion of the said stream with an excess of the oxidant gas, and withdrawing the gaseous effluent from the combustion chamber;{'sub': 2', '3', 'x, 'reacting, in a post-combustion chamber, a mixture consisting of the said gaseous effluent and an acidic gas, the said acidic gas being in an amount sufficient for all of the oxidant compounds to be consumed by reaction with the hydrogen sulfide of the acidic gas, the oxidant compounds being O, SOand NO, and withdrawing the treated stream, the residence time of all of the gaseous streams in the said post-combustion chamber being at least greater than 0.5 second.'}2. Process according to claim 1 , characterized in that the sulfureous combustible effluent stream treated in the process according to the invention is a stream of sulfur polluted with combustible impurities.3. Process according to claim 1 , characterized in that the sulfureous combustible effluent stream treated in the process according to the invention is a DSO.4. Process according to claim 1 , characterized in that the temperature of the combustion reaction is between 1300° C. and 1500° C. claim 1 , preferably between 1350° C. and 1450° C. and even more preferably between 1400° C. and 1450° C.5. Process according to claim 1 , the said process also comprising a step consisting in cooling the treated stream withdrawn from the post-combustion chamber.6. Process according to claim 1 , the said process also comprising a step consisting in removing the sulfur in elemental form from the treated stream withdrawn from the post- ...

PROCESS FOR OXIDATIVE DESULFURIZATION AND SULFONE MANAGEMENT BY GASIFICATION

A method and apparatus for upgrading a hydrocarbon feedstock is provided. The method includes: supplying the hydrocarbon feedstock to an oxidation reactor, where the hydrocarbon feedstock is oxidized in the presence of a catalyst under conditions sufficient to selectively oxidize sulfur compounds present in the hydrocarbon feedstock; separating the hydrocarbons and the oxidized sulfur compounds by solvent extraction; collecting a residue stream that includes oxidized sulfur compounds; supplying a residue stream that includes oxidized sulfur compounds; supplying the residue stream to a gasifier to produce a syngas stream and a hydrogen sulfide stream; supplying the extracted hydrocarbon stream to a stripper to produce a stripped oil stream, which is then supplied to an adsorption column, such that the adsorption column can produce a high purity hydrocarbon product stream, a second residue stream, and a spent adsorbent stream, the spent adsorbent stream containing another portion of the oxidized compounds; and supplying the spent adsorbent stream to the gasifier to produce additional syngas for the syngas stream, thereby disposing of the adsorbent. 1. A method of upgrading a hydrocarbon feedstock , the method comprising the steps of:supplying the hydrocarbon feedstock to an oxidation reactor, the hydrocarbon feedstock comprising sulfur compounds;contacting the hydrocarbon feedstock with an oxidant in the presence of a catalyst in the oxidation reactor under conditions sufficient to selectively oxidize sulfur compounds present in the hydrocarbon feedstock to produce an oxidized hydrocarbon stream that comprises hydrocarbons and oxidized sulfur compounds;separating the hydrocarbons and the oxidized sulfur compounds in the oxidized hydrocarbon stream by solvent extraction with a polar solvent to produce an extracted hydrocarbon stream and a mixed stream, the mixed stream comprising the polar solvent and the oxidized sulfur compounds, wherein the extracted hydrocarbon ...

PROCESS FOR DEEP CONTAMINENT REMOVAL OF GAS STREAMS

A process for removing sulfur-containing contaminants from a gas stream comprising: 1. A process for removing sulfur-containing contaminants from a gas stream , the process comprising the steps of:(a) providing a gas stream comprising natural gas, hydrogen sulfide, organic sulfur compounds and carbon dioxide to a first absorption unit, resulting in a hydrogen sulfide lean gas stream and a hydrogen sulfide rich absorbent;(b) providing the hydrogen sulfide lean gas stream to a second absorption unit, resulting in a cleaned gas stream and an absorbent rich in organic sulfur compounds and in carbon dioxide;(c) providing a first regenerator with the hydrogen sulfide rich absorbent from the first absorption unit, to obtain a lean absorbent and a hydrogen sulfide rich gas stream;(d) providing the hydrogen sulfide rich gas to a Claus unit comprising a Claus furnace and a Claus catalytic stage to convert the hydrogen sulfide to obtain sulfur and a Claus tail gas;(e) providing a second regenerator with the absorbent rich in organic sulfur compounds and in carbon dioxide to obtain a lean absorbent and a gas stream rich in organic sulfur compounds and in carbon dioxide;(f) fully oxidizing all sulfur species of the gas stream rich in organic sulfur compounds and in carbon dioxide to obtain a sulfur dioxide rich gas stream;(g) cooling of the sulfur dioxide rich stream to obtain steam, water and a cooled sulfur dioxide rich gas stream;(h) providing a third absorption unit with the sulfur dioxide rich gas stream to obtain a sulfur dioxide rich absorbent and sulfur dioxide lean gas stream; and(i) providing a third regenerator with the sulfur dioxide rich absorbent from the third absorption unit, to obtain a lean absorbent and a purified sulfur dioxide gas stream.2. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the purified sulfur dioxide gas stream as obtained in step (i) is sent to the Claus furnace or to the Claus catalytic stage of step (d).3. A process according to claim 1 , wherein ...

SULFUR RECOVERY PROCESS FOR TREATING LOW TO MEDIUM MOLE PERCENT HYDROGEN SULFIDE GAS FEEDS WITH BTEX IN A CLAUS UNIT

An enrichment apparatus and process for enriching a hydrogen sulfide concentration in an acid gas stream to create a hydrogen sulfide rich stream for feed to a Claus. The enrichment apparatus comprises a hydrocarbon selective separation unit operable to separate the acid gas stream into a hydrocarbon rich stream and a purified acid gas stream, wherein the acid gas stream comprises hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and hydrocarbons, a hydrogen sulfide selective separation unit operable to separate the purified acid gas stream to create the hydrogen sulfide rich stream and a hydrogen sulfide lean stream, the hydrogen sulfide rich stream having a concentration of hydrogen sulfide, and the Claus unit operable to recover sulfur from the carbon dioxide lean stream. The enrichment apparatus can include a carbon dioxide selective separation unit in fluid communication with the hydrogen sulfide selective separation unit, operable to separate the hydrogen sulfide rich stream. 1. An enrichment apparatus for enriching a hydrogen sulfide concentration in an acid gas stream to create a hydrogen sulfide rich stream for feed to a Claus unit , the enrichment apparatus comprising: 'wherein the acid gas stream comprises aromatics selected from the group consisting of benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, xylenes and combinations thereof; and', 'a hydrocarbon selective separation unit, the hydrocarbon selective separation unit operable to separate the acid gas stream into a hydrocarbon rich stream and a purified acid gas stream,'}a hydrogen sulfide selective separation unit in fluid communication with the hydrocarbon selective separation unit, the hydrogen sulfide selective separation unit operable to separate the purified acid gas stream to create the hydrogen sulfide rich stream and a hydrogen sulfide lean stream, the hydrogen sulfide rich stream having a concentration of hydrogen sulfide.2. The enrichment apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:a carbon dioxide selective separation ...

Process for the high temperature selective absorption of hydrogen sulfide

A high temperature selective absorption process for treating a gas stream having concentrations of both hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide to yield a treated gas stream having a reduced hydrogen sulfide concentration. The high temperature selective absorption process uniquely utilizes a novel absorbent composition which enables the processing of the gas stream under difficult absorption conditions and provides for other features of the inventive absorption process.

Sulphur Dioxide Treatment

A process for removing sulphur dioxide from the gaseous effluent of a smelter furnace comprising the steps of: providing the gaseous effluent from a smelter; separating the sulphur dioxide from the gaseous effluent to provide concentrated sulphur dioxide and effluent for discharge into the atmosphere; mixing the concentrated sulphur dioxide with a fuel gas; heating the mixture such that the concentrated sulphur dioxide and fuel gas react to form a gaseous product mixture comprising sulphur and hydrogen sulphide; and removing the majority of preferably substantially all of the sulphur and hydrogen sulphide from the gaseous product mixture; wherein the remaining gaseous product mixture is incinerated before being vented into the atmosphere or is recycled into the smelter furnace.

SULFUR PRODUCTION

A system includes a first chamber, a second chamber, an ultraviolet light source and a microwave source. The first chamber includes an inlet. The second chamber is adjacent the first chamber and includes an outlet and a waveguide. The ultraviolet light source resides within the waveguide of the second chamber. Related apparatus, systems, techniques and articles are also described. 1. A system comprising:a first chamber including an inlet that allows an input feed to enter the first chamber, the input feed comprised essentially of hydrogen sulfide;a microwave source configured to radiate microwave energy into at least the first chamber;a second chamber in communication with the first chamber, the second chamber including an outlet and a waveguide; andan ultraviolet light source residing within the waveguide of the second chamber, the ultraviolet light source being configured to emit ultraviolet light to at least partially breakdown the hydrogen sulfide into hydrogen gas and elemental sulfur as the hydrogen sulfide flows through the second chamber.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the microwave source is further configured to radiate the microwave energy into the waveguide of the second chamber such that the microwave energy contacts the ultraviolet light source claim 1 , and wherein the ultraviolet light source includes an internal gas that generates the ultraviolet light upon contact with the microwave energy.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the waveguide includes an end configured such that the microwave energy forms a standing wave within the waveguide.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second chamber further includes:a first electrode configured to have a negative charge; anda second electrode configured to have a positive charge, the first electrode and the second electrode being external to the ultraviolet light source and internal to the waveguide.5. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:a tube assembly within the waveguide and containing the ...

Separating Carbon Dioxide and Hydrogen Sulfide from a Natural Gas Stream Using Co-Current Contacting Systems

Systems and methods for separating COand HS from a natural gas stream are provided herein. The system includes a first loop of co-current contacting systems configured to remove HS and COfrom a natural gas stream and a second loop of co-current contacting systems configured to remove the HS from the CO. 1. A system for separating HS and COfrom a natural gas stream , comprising:{'sub': 2', '2, 'claim-text': [{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2, 'a first series of co-current contacting systems configured to remove the HS and the COfrom the natural gas stream by contacting the natural gas stream with a solvent stream, providing for incorporation of the HS and the COfrom the natural gas stream into the solvent stream, and;'}, {'sub': 2', '2, 'a second series of co-current contacting systems configured to remove the HS and the COfrom the solvent stream, wherein the solvent stream is recirculated to the first series of co-current contacting systems; and'}], 'a first loop of co-current contacting systems configured to remove HS and COfrom a natural gas stream, the first loop of co-current contacting systems including'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'claim-text': [{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2, 'a third series of co-current contacting systems configured to remove the HS from the COby contacting the HS and the COwith an HS-selective solvent stream, providing for incorporation of the HS into the HS-selective solvent stream, and'}, {'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'a fourth series of co-current contacting systems configured to remove the HS from the HS-selective solvent stream, wherein the HS-selective solvent stream is recirculated to the third series of co-current contacting systems;'}, 'wherein each of the co-current contacting systems includes', an annular support ring configured to maintain the mixer within the pipe,', 'a number of radial blades extending from the annular support ring and configured to allow a liquid stream to flow into the mixer, and', 'a central gas entry cone supported by the ...

ACID GAS TREATMENT

Apparatus and methods for treating acid gas, which utilizes multi-stage absorption cycle of ammonia desulfurization to treat acid tail gas after pre-treatment of the acid gas, thereby achieving the purpose of efficient and low-cost treatment of acid tail gas. The parameters of the acid tail gas may be adjusted by a regulatory system such that the enthalpy value of the acid tail gas is in the range of 60-850 kJ/kg dry gas, for example, 80-680 kJ/kg dry gas or 100-450 kJ/kg dry gas, to meet the requirements of ammonia desulfurization, and achieve the synergy between the acid gas pre-treatment and ammonia desulfurization. Furthermore, hydrogen sulfide may be converted into sulfur/sulfuric acid plus ammonium sulfate at an adjustable ratio. 1. Apparatus for treating acid gas , the apparatus comprising:an acid gas pre-treatment system; and,in fluid communication with the acid gas pre-treatment system, an ammonia desulfurization system.213-. (canceled)14. The apparatus of further comprising a regulatory system that is in fluid communication with claim 1 , and upstream from claim 1 , the ammonia desulfurization system.15. The apparatus of wherein the regulatory system includes a temperature regulator configured to regulate a gas temperature in the regulatory system.16. The apparatus of wherein the regulatory system further includes a humidity regulator configured to regulate a gas humidity in the regulatory system.17. The apparatus of wherein the regulatory system includes a humidity regulator configured to regulate a gas humidity in the regulatory system.18. The apparatus of further comprising a sulfur removal device in fluid communication with the ammonia desulfurization system.1923-. (canceled)24. The apparatus of wherein:the acid gas pre-treatment system;the regulatory system; andthe ammonia desulfurization system are connected successively along a downstream direction.25. The apparatus of wherein the acid gas pre-treatment system includes a sulfur recovery system plus ...

EXTENDED THERMAL STAGE SULFUR RECOVERY PROCESS

A process for recovering sulfur in a sulfur recovery unit comprising the steps of reacting hydrogen sulfide and oxygen in the reaction furnace at a minimum reaction temperature to produce a reaction effluent; reducing the temperature of the reaction effluent from the minimum reaction temperature to a boiler section outlet temperature to produce a cooled effluent, the cooled effluent comprises hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, and sulfur-containing contaminants; reacting the hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, and sulfur-containing contaminants in the catalytic extension to produce a boiler catalytic effluent; reducing the boiler catalytic effluent temperature such that the elemental sulfur condenses to form liquid sulfur and a gases stream; reacting the hydrogen sulfide and sulfur-containing contaminants with the oxygen to produce an oxidizer outlet stream comprises sulfur dioxide; and separating the sulfur dioxide in the scrubbing unit to produce a recycle stream and an effluent gases, the recycle stream comprises sulfur dioxide. 1. An apparatus for recovering sulfur from an acid gas stream , the apparatus comprising:a reaction furnace, the reaction furnace configured to contain a reaction between hydrogen sulfide in the acid gas stream and oxygen in an air feed to produce a reaction effluent, where the reaction furnace operates at a minimum reaction temperature, where the reaction effluent comprises elemental sulfur; a wasteheat stage, the wasteheat stage fluidly connected to the reaction furnace, the wasteheat stage configured to capture heat energy from a reaction effluent to produce a cooled effluent, where the cooled effluent is at a boiler section outlet temperature, and', 'a catalytic extension physically connected to the wasteheat stage, the catalytic extension configured to allow a reaction to convert sulfur compounds to produce a boiler catalytic effluent, where the boiler catalytic effluent comprises elemental sulfur, where the catalytic extension ...

A SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DECOMPOSING GASEOUS HYDROGEN SULFIDE INTO HYDROGEN GAS AND ELEMENTARY SULFUR

Decomposing gaseous hydrogen sulfide (HS) having at least one pump supplying HS gas in the form of bubbles; an aqueous acidic phase having at least one redox couple that do not mix with each other because of density difference and form an interface where they contact each other; and at least one column reactor having an organic phase with a density above the density of water and capable to dissolve elementary sulfur, where an oxidation reaction takes place in the interface by which the HS bubbles carried into the organic phase through the pump are converted into elementary sulfur. 1. A decomposition system providing the decomposition of gaseous hydrogen sulfide into hydrogen gas and elementary sulfur , characterized by comprising{'b': '1', 'sub': '2', 'least one pump () providing the supply of HS gas from a source into the system in the form of bubbles;'}{'sub': '2', 'an aqueous acidic phase with a pH below 4, providing the ionization of HS gas in water and comprising at least one redox couple;'}{'b': 2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '1, 'i': b', 'b', 'c', 'c', 'b, 'sub': '2', 'and at least one column reactor () comprising an organic phase (), which is completely insoluble in water, with a density above the density of water and capable to dissolve elementary sulfur, wherein the organic phase () stays below the aqueous acidic phase, wherein the aqueous phase and the organic phase do not mix with each other because of density difference and thus form an interface () where they contact each other; and an oxidation reaction takes place in the interface () by which the HS bubbles carried into the organic phase () through the pump () are converted into elementary sulfur;'}{'b': 3', '2, 'at least one cooling unit () to which the elementary sulfur generated in the column reactor () is transferred and is crystallized to be taken out of the system;'}{'b': 5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '2', '2', '2', '2, 'i': a', 'a, 'sup': '+', 'sub': '2', 'at least one photo-/electrochemical cell ...

TREATMENT OF GASES

The present invention relates to the treatment of gases. In particular, it relates to the treatment of a gas stream comprising hydrogen sulphide and an apparatus for performing such a process. 1. A process for recovering sulphur from a hydrogen sulphide containing gas stream , the process comprising:(i) providing a gas stream comprising hydrogen sulphide gas; (1) reacting a portion of the hydrogen sulphide gas in the first thermal-reaction-region to form sulphur dioxide and water vapour and reacting a further portion of the hydrogen sulphide to form sulphur vapour and water vapour, to form a resultant-gas-mixture comprising water vapour, sulphur vapour, sulphur dioxide, and hydrogen sulphide; and', '(2) passing at least a portion of the resultant-gas-mixture to the first catalytic-region, whereby at least a portion of the hydrogen sulphide is reacted, in the presence of a catalyst, to form further sulphur vapour and water vapour; and, '(ii) passing, the gas stream into an apparatus comprising a first thermal-reaction-region and a first catalytic region; and'}after step (1), step (2), or both step (1) and step (2) condensing at least a portion of said sulphur vapour to form liquid sulphur and passing at least a portion of the liquid sulphur to a sulphur pit;wherein an off-gas formed or contained in the sulphur pit is recycled from the sulphur pit into the process downstream of the first thermal-reaction-region.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst present in the first catalytic-region is an oxygen tolerant catalyst.3. The process according to wherein the catalyst comprises TiO2.4. The process according to wherein the catalyst comprises Al2O3 and wherein the first catalytic-region comprises an oxygen scavenger material.5. The process according to claim 4 , wherein the oxygen scavenger material comprises iron.6. The process according to wherein the off-gas comprises at least 0.001% by volume of hydrogen sulphide based on the total volume of the off ...

THERMAL STAGE AND REDUCTION ABSORPTION SULFUR RECOVERY PROCESS

An elemental sulfur recovery unit comprising a thermal unit configured to combust an acid gas feed comprising hydrogen sulfide, an oxygen source, and a fuel gas to create a reaction furnace outlet stream, comprising elemental sulfur, a waste heat boiler configured to capture heat from the reaction furnace outlet stream to create a waste heat boiler effluent, a condenser configured to condense the waste heat boiler effluent to produce a non-condensed gases stream and a condensed stream comprising elemental sulfur, a process gas reheater configured to generate a hot gases stream, a hydrogenation reactor configured to convert the hot gases stream to create a hydrogenation effluent comprising hydrogen sulfide, a process desuperheater configured to cool the hydrogenation effluent to generate a cooled effluent, and an absorber unit configured to absorb the hydrogen sulfide from the cooled effluent to produce a hydrogen sulfide recycle stream and a waste gas stream. 1. An elemental sulfur recovery unit for processing an acid gas feed to recover elemental sulfur , the elemental sulfur recovery unit comprising: wherein the thermal unit comprises a main burner and a reaction furnace, the main burner configured to combust the acid gas feed, the oxygen source, and the fuel gas to a minimum reaction furnace temperature,', 'wherein the acid gas feed comprises hydrogen sulfide,', 'wherein an amount of the hydrogen sulfide is converted to elemental sulfur in the reaction furnace;, 'a thermal unit, the thermal unit configured to combust the acid gas feed, an oxygen source, and a fuel gas to create a reaction furnace outlet stream,'}a waste heat boiler fluidly connected to the reaction furnace of the thermal unit, the waste heat boiler configured to capture heat from the reaction furnace outlet stream to create a waste heat boiler effluent, wherein the heat captured from the reaction furnace outlet stream heats a boiler feedwater stream to create saturated steam;a sulfur condenser ...

System for Tail Gas Treatment of Sulfur Recovery Units

A process for recovering sulfur from a tail gas stream comprising the steps of providing a tail gas stream to a chemical looping combustion (CLC) unit, the tail gas stream comprising a sulfide component, providing an oxygen carrier to the CLC unit, the oxygen carrier comprising a calcium carbonate, providing an air stream to the CLC unit, the air stream comprising oxygen, and reacting the sulfide component in the CLC unit with the calcium compound and the air to produce a product effluent, the product effluent comprising calcium sulfate. 1. A system for recovering sulfur from a tail gas stream , the system comprising:an air reactor, where the air reactor operates at an air reaction temperature and an air reaction pressure, where the air reactor comprises a fluidized bed reactor, where the fluidized bed comprises calcium carbonate;an air reactor separator fluidly connected to the air reactor and a calciner separator, where the air reactor separator comprises a solid-gas separation unit;the calciner unit fluidly connected to the air reactor separator and a calciner separator, where the calciner unit operates at a calciner reaction temperature and a calciner reaction pressure;the calciner separator fluidly connected to the calciner unit and a fuel reactor, where the calciner separator comprises a solid-gas separation unit;the fuel reactor fluidly connected to the calciner separator, where the fuel reactor operates at a fuel reaction temperature and fuel reaction pressure, where the fuel reactor comprises a fluidized bed reactor, where the fluidized bed comprises calcium carbonate; anda fuel reactor separator fluidly connected to the fuel reactor and the air reactor, where the fuel reactor separator comprises a solid-gas separation unit.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the fuel reaction pressure is atmospheric pressure claim 1 , and further wherein the fuel reaction temperature is between 800 deg C. and 850 deg C.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the air reaction ...

Integrated process for native co2 recovery from a sour gas comprising h2s and co2

The invention relates to a method for treating a hydrocarbon feed gas stream containing CO 2 and H 2 S to recover a purified CO 2 gas stream (vii), comprising: a. Separating said feed gas stream into a sweetened gas stream (i), and an acid gas stream (ii); b. Introducing stream (ii) into a Claus unit wherein an oxygen-rich stream is used as a combustive agent in the Claus furnace, thereby recovering a liquid stream of elemental sulfur (iii) and a tail gas stream (iv); c. Introducing the stream (iv) into a Tail Gas Treatment Unit (TGTU) thereby separating said tail gas stream into a CO 2 enriched gas stream (v), and a stream enriched in sulfur compounds (vi); d. Compressing stream (v) exiting the TGTU; e. Passing the compressed CO 2 enriched gas through a CO 2 purification unit thereby recovering a purified CO 2 gas stream (vii), and the device for carrying out said method.

Claus process for sulfur recovery with intermediate water vapor removal by adsorption

A method to recover sulfur comprising the steps of feeding an acid gas stream to a combustion furnace, condensing the cooled furnace stream to produce a first gas stream, feeding the first gas stream to a first adsorber comprises a molecular sieve, feeding the first hot dry gas stream to a first catalytic reactor, cooling the first catalytic outlet stream in a first condenser, feeding the second gas stream to a second adsorber, feeding the second hot dry gas stream to a second catalytic reactor, cooling the second catalytic outlet stream in a second condenser, introducing the third gas stream to a third adsorber, feeding the third hot dry gas stream to a third catalytic reactor to produce a third catalytic outlet stream, and cooling the third catalytic outlet stream in a third condenser to produce a third sulfur stream and a tail gas stream.

Method for operating a claus burner

In order to overcome the limitations and problems that earlier methods have experienced, a method for operating a burner used in the thermal step of a Claus process is disclosed. The burner has at least one combustion air port, at least one oxygen port, and at least one fuel port. The oxidant flow is made up of an oxygen flow of technical pure oxygen with an oxygen concentration of at least 90 vol. %, preferably at least 99 vol. %, and if necessary of a second gas flow, and it is determined whether the oxygen flow is below a pre-set minimum flow and if the oxygen flow is below a pre-set minimum flow the air flow is split into a main air flow and a side air flow and the oxygen flow is combined with the side air flow creating an oxygen-enriched side air flow which is fed to the oxygen port. A corresponding burner is also disclosed.

A PROCESS FOR TREATING THE OFF GAS FROM A CARBON BLACK PLANT TO RECOVER SULPHUR

The present application relates to a process for treating the off gas from a carbon black process, said process comprising the steps of: providing an off gas from a carbon black process, reacting said off gas in a first reaction step forming water and S, and condensing the S at a temperature Tcon where S is in a liquid phase and the water is in gas form thereby achieving a gaseous stream comprising water and a liquid stream comprising S, and wherein the first reaction step is carried out over a monolith catalyst. 1. A process for treating the off gas from a carbon black process , said process comprising the steps ofProviding an off gas from a carbon black processReacting said off gas in a first reaction step forming water and S{'sub': 'con', 'Condensing the S at a temperature Twhere S is in a liquid phase and the water is in gas form thereby achieving a gaseous stream comprising water and a liquid stream comprising S, wherein'}the first reaction step is carried out over a monolith catalyst.2. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the monolith catalyst is corrugated from sheet metal or fiber glass web or is extruded.3. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the condensation temperature Tis in the interval between the dew point of water and the dew point of elemental Sulfur.4. Process according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , the condensation is carried out at atmospheric pressure.5. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the composition of the carbon black off gas is 1-15% CO claim 1 , 1-15% H claim 1 , 0.1-5% CO claim 1 , 50-5000 ppm HS claim 1 , 15-40% water claim 1 , balance N.6. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the carbon black off gas comprises 10-2000 ppm CSand/or 10-500 ppm COS.7. Process according to claim 1 , comprising a hydrolysis step upstream the first reactor.8. Process according to claim 1 , wherein Oand/or air is added Upstream the first reaction step in a stoichiometric amount according to the reaction HS+0.5O−>S+HO.9. Process according to ...

PRODUCTION OF PURE HYDROGEN FROM AMMONIA RICH SOUR WATER STRIPPER OVERHEAD

A method of producing hydrogen comprising receiving a sour gas comprising CO, HS, and ammonia from a sour water stripper; introducing the sour gas to an absorption system to produce an ammonia rich gas and a sulfide rich gas, wherein the ammonia rich gas comprises ammonia and CO, and wherein the sulfide rich gas comprises HS and CO; compressing the ammonia rich gas in a compressing unit to a pressure of 400-600 psig to produce a compressed ammonia rich gas; introducing the compressed ammonia rich gas to an ammonia cracker unit comprising a catalyst to produce a cracked gas, wherein the ammonia cracker unit is characterized by a cracking temperature of 450-550° C., and wherein the cracked gas comprises hydrogen, nitrogen, and CO; and introducing the cracked gas to a PSA unit to produce hydrogen and a PSA tail gas, wherein the PSA tail gas comprises nitrogen and CO. 1. A method of producing hydrogen comprising:(a) receiving a sour gas from a sour water stripper, wherein the sour gas comprises carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and ammonia;(b) introducing the sour gas to an absorption system to produce an ammonia rich gas and a sulfide rich gas, wherein the sour gas comprises carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and ammonia, wherein the ammonia rich gas comprises ammonia and carbon dioxide, and wherein the sulfide rich gas comprises hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide;(c) compressing at least a portion of the ammonia rich gas in a compressing unit to a pressure of from about 400 psig to about 600 psig to produce a compressed ammonia rich gas;(d) introducing at least a portion of the compressed ammonia rich gas to an ammonia cracker unit to produce a cracked gas, wherein the ammonia cracker unit comprises a catalyst, wherein the ammonia cracker unit is characterized by a cracking temperature of from about 450° C. to about 550° C., and wherein the cracked gas comprises hydrogen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide; and(e) introducing at least a portion of the cracked gas to a ...

SULFUR REMOVAL METHODS

A method for removing sulphur from a fluid by the steps of providing a first fluid comprising a sulphur-containing compound; adsorbing the sulphur of sulphur-containing compound onto an adsorbent; regenerating the adsorbent by oxidation of the adsorbed sulphur to sulphur dioxide thereby yielding an off-gas stream comprising sulphur dioxide; providing a second fluid comprising hydrogen sulphide, using the second fluid and the off-gas stream as reactants in a Claus process for producing elemental sulphur, wherein a part of hydrogen sulphide provided by the second fluid is oxidized to sulphur dioxide and water at reaction temperature, the residual hydrogen sulphide, the resulting sulphur oxide and the sulphur oxide provided by the off-gas stream are converted to elemental sulphur, the oxygen required for the oxidation of the hydrogen sulphide provided by the second fluid is provided by an air stream, and the off-gas stream dilutes the second fluid in the Claus process. 1. A method for removing sulphur from a fluid , comprising the steps of:providing a first fluid comprising a sulphur-containing compound;adsorbing the sulphur of said sulphur-containing compound onto an adsorbent;regenerating said adsorbent by oxidation of said adsorbed sulphur to sulphur dioxide thereby yielding an off-gas stream comprising sulphur dioxide;providing a second fluid comprising hydrogen sulphide; wherein a part of hydrogen sulphide provided by said second fluid is oxidized to sulphur dioxide and water at a reaction temperature;', 'wherein the residual hydrogen sulphide, the resulting sulphur oxide and said sulphur oxide provided by said off-gas stream are converted to elemental sulphur;', 'wherein the oxygen required for said oxidation of said hydrogen sulphide provided by said second fluid is provided by an air stream; and', 'wherein said off-gas stream dilutes said second fluid in said Claus process;', 'characterized in that,, 'using said second fluid and said off-gas stream as reactants ...

REGENERATIVE RECOVERY OF SULFUR DIOXIDE FROM EFFLUENT GASES

This invention relates to processes for selective removal of contaminants from effluent gases. A sulfur dioxide absorption/desorption process for selective removal and recovery of sulfur dioxide from effluent gases utilizes a buffered aqueous absorption solution comprising weak inorganic or organic acids or salts thereof, to selectively absorb sulfur dioxide from the effluent gas. Absorbed sulfur dioxide is subsequently stripped to regenerate the absorption solution and produce a sulfur dioxide-enriched gas. A process for simultaneous removal of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides (NO) from effluent gases and recovery of sulfur dioxide utilizes a buffered aqueous absorption solution including a metal chelate to absorb sulfur dioxide and NOfrom the gas and subsequently reducing absorbed NOto form nitrogen. A process to control sulfate salt contaminant concentration in the absorption solution involves partial crystallization and removal of sulfate salt crystals. 1. A process for selectively removing and recovering sulfur dioxide from a sulfur dioxide-containing effluent gas , the process comprising:contacting the effluent gas with a buffered aqueous absorption solution comprising sodium malate in a sulfur dioxide absorber, thereby absorbing sulfur dioxide from the effluent gas into the absorption solution and producing an exhaust gas from which sulfur dioxide has been removed and a sulfur dioxide-enriched absorption solution;heating the sulfur dioxide-enriched absorption solution in a sulfur dioxide stripper to desorb sulfur dioxide and thereby produce a regenerated sulfur dioxide absorption solution and a sulfur dioxide-enriched stripper gas; andreintroducing the regenerated sulfur dioxide absorption solution to the sulfur dioxide absorber.2. The process of further comprising recovering sulfur dioxide from the aqueous sulfur dioxide-enriched absorption solution whereinimmediately following the step of heating the sulfur dioxide-enriched absorption solution in the ...

INTEGRATED PROCESS TO RECOVER HIGH QUALITY NATIVE CO2 FROM A SOUR GAS COMPRISING H2S AND CO2

The invention concerns a method for treating a hydrocarbon feed gas stream containing at least COand HS to recover a high quality purified COgas stream, comprising a. Separating said hydrocarbon feed gas stream into a sweetened hydrocarbon gas stream, and an acid gas stream; b. Introducing said gas stream into a Claus unit, c. Introducing the tail gas into a hydrogenation reactor and then into a quench contactor of the Tail Gas Treatment Unit (TGTU); d. Contacting said tail gas stream with a non-selective amine-based solvent into a non-selective acid gas absorption unit of the TGTU; e. Sending the off gas to an incinerator; f. Contacting said enriched gas stream (vii) with a selective HS-absorption solvent into a selective HS-absorption unit thereby recovering a highly purified COgas stream and a HS-enriched gas stream, as well as the device for carrying said method. 2. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the tail gas treatment unit further comprises a feed inline burner or a tail gas heater before the hydrogenation reactor.3. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the selective HS-absorption unit comprises a recycle line for recycling the H2S-enriched gas stream upstream of or directly to the Claus furnace.4. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the tail gas treatment unit further comprises a hydrogenation reactor claim 1 , a quench contactor and a non-selective acid gas absorption unit. The present application is a Continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/651,074 filed Jun. 10, 2015 which is a National Phase entry of PCT Application No. PCT/M2013/002901, filed Dec. 10, 2013, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/735,301, Filed Dec. 10, 2012, and also claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/752,174, filed Jan. 14, 2013, said applications being hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.The present invention relates to the removal of sulfur components and carbon dioxide contained in a ...

SULFUR PRODUCTION

A system includes a first chamber, a second chamber, an ultraviolet light source and a microwave source. The first chamber includes an inlet. The second chamber is adjacent the first chamber and includes an outlet and a waveguide. The ultraviolet light source resides within the waveguide of the second chamber. Related apparatus, systems, techniques and articles are also described. 112.-. (canceled)13. A method comprising:providing hydrogen sulfide into a first chamber adjacent a second chamber and a microwave source radiating microwave energy into the first chamber;contacting the hydrogen sulfide with microwave energy generated by a microwave source;providing the hydrogen sulfide to the second chamber, the second chamber including an outlet and a waveguide, wherein an ultraviolet light source resides within the waveguide of the second chamber; andcontacting the hydrogen sulfide with ultraviolet light within the second chamber, the ultraviolet light generated by the ultraviolet light source, the microwave source configured to radiate the microwave energy into the first chamber, wherein contacting of the hydrogen sulfide with the ultraviolet light results in hydrogen gas and sulfur.14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the microwave source is further configured to radiate the microwave energy into the waveguide of the second chamber such that the microwave energy contacts the ultraviolet light source claim 13 , the ultraviolet light source including an internal gas that generates the ultraviolet light upon contact with the microwave energy.15. The method of claim 13 , wherein the waveguide includes an end configured such that the microwave energy forms a standing wave within the waveguide.16. The method of claim 13 , wherein the second chamber further includes:a first electrode configured to have a negative charge; anda second electrode configured to have a positive charge, the first electrode and the second electrode being external to the ultraviolet light source and ...

Systems, methods and materials for hydrogen sulfide conversion

Systems and methods use bimetallic alloy particles for converting hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) to hydrogen (H 2 ) and sulfur (S), typically during multiple operations. In a first operation, metal alloy composite particles can be converted to a composite metal sulfide. In a second operation, composite metal sulfide from the first operation can be regenerated back to the metal alloy composite particle using an inert gas stream. Pure, or substantially pure, sulfur can also be generated during the second operation.

PLANT AND PROCESS FOR TREATING A STREAM COMPRISING HYDROGEN SULFIDE

Installation and method for treating a flow comprising hydrogen sulfide The invention relates to an installation and a method for treating hydrogen sulphide. In particular, the invention relates to an installation and a method comprising at least one system for oxidizing hydrogen sulfide to sulfur (S) and water (HO) with a solid reagent and at least one oxidizing system with an agent for oxidizing the solid reagent present in the reduced state, wherein the system of oxidizing the hydrogen sulfide to sulfur and the system for oxidizing the solid reagent, are so arranged that the hydrogen sulfide is not brought into contact with the agent oxidizing the solid reagent. 1. A hydrogen sulfide treatment installation , wherein the installation comprises at least one system configured to oxidize hydrogen sulphide to sulfur (S) to water (HO) by a solid reagent implementing the reaction HS+sol-O→sol-R+HO+Swherein sol-O and sol-R respectively symbolize constituents of the solid reagent in oxidized and reduced forms , and at least one oxidizing system with an oxidizing agent of the solid reagent present in the reduced state , wherein the system oxidizing the hydrogen sulfide and the system oxidizing the solid reagent are so arranged that the hydrogen sulfide is not brought into contact with the agent oxidizing the solid reagent.2. The installation according to claim 1 , comprising a supply duct for a flow comprising hydrogen sulfide to a hydrogen sulfide oxidizing system in sulfur and water and a duct for discharge of a flow comprising sulfur.3. The installation according to claim 2 , comprising downstream of the system oxidizing the hydrogen sulfide in gaseous sulfur claim 2 , a sulfur separator of the flow initially comprising sulfur.4. The installation according to claim 1 , wherein the installation comprises one or more switch(es) configured to switch between the inlet of the hydrogen sulfide in the system oxidizing the hydrogen sulfide to sulfur and the inlet of the agent ...

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR DESULFURIZING NATURAL GAS

A device includes a desulfurization system which forms a hydrogen sulfide-containing acid gas; a system for extracting elemental sulfur and a hydrogen sulfide-containing tail gas as exhaust gas; a device for generating electricity and gypsum from the tail gas; and a gas line system for supplying acid gas from the desulfurization system to the system for extracting elemental sulfur and to the device for generating electricity and gypsum, and for supplying tail gas from the system for extracting elemental sulfur to the device for generating electricity and gypsum. The gas line system has a gas distributing apparatus which supplies acid gas solely to the system in a first position, supplies acid gas solely to the device in a second position, and supplies a first part of the acid gas to the system and a second part of the acid gas to the device in a distributing position. 115-. (canceled)16. A device for desulfurizing natural gas , comprising:a) a desulfurization system for sour gas which, in addition to the desulfurized natural gas, forms a hydrogen sulfide-containing acid gas;b) a system for extracting elemental sulfur and a hydrogen sulfide-containing tail gas as exhaust gas from the acid gas of the desulfurization system; c1) an electricity generating apparatus comprising a combustion apparatus for combustion of the tail gas or the acid gas or a mixture of the tail gas and the acid gas, wherein the energy released during combustion is at least partly used to generate electricity;', 'c2) a flue gas desulfurization system for desulfurizing the sulfur oxide-containing combustion exhaust gases produced during combustion by forming gypsum;, 'c) a device for generating electricity and gypsum from the tail gas or the acid gas or from a mixture of the acid gas and the tail gas, the device comprisingd) a gas line system for supplying acid gas from the desulfurization system to the system for extracting elemental sulfur and to the device for generating electricity and gypsum, ...

Catalyst and Process for Treatment of Fluid Comprising an Oxidizable Contaminant

Described is a process for treatment of a fluid comprising an oxidizable contaminant selected from one or both of a sulfide and a thiol, the process comprising the step of contacting the fluid with a first complex of ferric iron and a polyphosphate to oxidize the oxidizable contaminant and generate a second complex of ferrous ion and the polyphosphate. 1. A process for treatment of a fluid comprising an oxidizable contaminant selected from one or both of a sulfide and a thiol , the process comprising the step of contacting the fluid with a first complex of ferric iron and a polyphosphate to oxidize the oxidizable contaminant and generate a second complex of ferrous ion and the polyphosphate.2. The process defined in claim 1 , comprising the further step of contacting the second complex with an oxidizing agent to regenerate the first complex.3. The process defined in claim 2 , wherein the oxidizing agent comprises oxygen.4. The process defined in claim 2 , comprising the further step of producing hydrogen peroxide.5. The process defined in claim 2 , wherein the oxidizing agent comprises hydrogen peroxide and a hydroxyl radical is produced.6. The process defined in claim 5 , comprising contacting the hydroxyl radical with one or more oxidizable organic compounds.7. The process defined in claim 6 , wherein the one or more organic compounds are contaminants in wastewater.8. The process defined in claim 6 , wherein the one or more organic compounds are selected from the group consisting of: phenol claim 6 , benzene claim 6 , toluene claim 6 , ethylbenzene claim 6 , a xylene claim 6 , and any mixture of two or more of these.9. The process defined in claim 1 , wherein the fluid is selected from the group consisting of: natural gas claim 1 , a refinery vapor stream claim 1 , a refinery sour gas stream claim 1 , wastewater claim 1 , and sludge.10. The process defined in claim 1 , employed to remove one or more odorous compounds.11. The process defined in claim 1 , wherein ...

Method of removing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas

The present invention discloses a method of removing sulfur oxides and/or nitrogen oxides in a regeneration flue gas emitted from a regenerator of a catalytic cracking plant and recovering the elemental sulfur and an apparatus therefor.

Advanced Heat Integration in Sulfur Recovery Unit - SafarClaus

A method for heat integration in a sulfur recovery unit, the method comprising the steps of reacting the acid gas stream and the air stream in the reaction furnace to produce a reaction effluent, where the reaction effluent comprises elemental sulfur, reducing the temperature of the reaction effluent in the heating extension to produce an effluent stream, reducing the temperature of the reaction effluent in the waste heat boiler to produce a cooled effluent stream, reducing the temperature of the cooled effluent in the sulfur condenser to produce a liquid sulfur stream and a cooled gases stream, where the liquid sulfur stream comprises the elemental sulfur, and increasing a temperature of the cooled gases stream to produce a hot gases stream, where the heating extension is configured to capture heat from the reaction effluent and release the heat to the cooled gases stream. 1. A method for heat integration in a sulfur recovery unit , the method comprising the steps of:introducing an acid gas stream to a reaction furnace, where the acid gas stream comprises hydrogen sulfide;introducing an air stream to the reaction furnace, where the air stream comprises oxygen;reacting the acid gas stream and the air stream in the reaction furnace to produce a reaction effluent, where the reaction effluent comprises elemental sulfur, where the hydrogen sulfide and oxygen react to produce the elemental sulfur;introducing the reaction effluent to a heating extension;reducing the temperature of the reaction effluent in the heating extension to produce an effluent stream;introducing the effluent stream to a waste heat boiler;reducing the temperature of the reaction effluent in the waste heat boiler to produce a cooled effluent stream;introducing the cooled effluent to a sulfur condenser;reducing the temperature of the cooled effluent in the sulfur condenser to produce a liquid sulfur stream and a cooled gases stream, where the liquid sulfur stream comprises the elemental sulfur; ...

Advanced Heat Integration in Sulfur Recovery Unit - SafarClaus

A method for heat integration in a sulfur recovery unit, the method comprising the steps of reacting the acid gas stream and the air stream in the reaction furnace to produce a reaction effluent, where the reaction effluent comprises elemental sulfur, reducing the temperature of the reaction effluent in the heating extension to produce an effluent stream, reducing the temperature of the reaction effluent in the waste heat boiler to produce a cooled effluent stream, reducing the temperature of the cooled effluent in the sulfur condenser to produce a liquid sulfur stream and a cooled gases stream, where the liquid sulfur stream comprises the elemental sulfur, and increasing a temperature of the cooled gases stream to produce a hot gases stream, where the heating extension is configured to capture heat from the reaction effluent and release the heat to the cooled gases stream. 1. A system for heat integration in a sulfur recovery unit , the system comprising:a reaction furnace, the reaction furnace configured to react an acid gas stream and an air stream to produce a reaction effluent, where the acid gas stream comprises hydrogen sulfide, where the air stream comprises oxygen, where the reaction effluent comprises elemental sulfur, where the hydrogen sulfide and oxygen react to produce the elemental sulfur;a heating extension, the heating extension fluidly connected to the reaction furnace, the heating extension configured to reduce the temperature of the reaction effluent to produce a cooled effluent;a sulfur condenser fluidly connected to the heating extension, the sulfur condenser configured to reduce the temperature of the cooled effluent to produce a liquid sulfur stream and a cooled gases stream, where the liquid sulfur stream comprises the elemental sulfur;the heating extension fluidly connected to the sulfur condenser, the heating extension configured to increase temperature of the cooled gases stream to produce a hot gases stream, where the heating extension ...

System for Hydrogen Sulfide Destruction and Sulfur Recovery

Embodiments of a hydrogen sulfide destruction and sulfur recovery system of the present invention generally include a tower, sulfur introduction piping, oxygen introduction piping, and hydrogen sulfide introduction piping, wherein said tower contains a lower cooling component positioned in a vapor space of a tower bottom section, a lower vapor space fluidly connected to an upper vapor space, one or more upper and lower catalyst beds, a first condensation cooling component and a collection tray disposed in a first condensation section, a second condensation cooling component disposed in a second condensation section, a fluid pathway, partially defined by a collection tray weir, between the first condensation section and the second condensation section, a fluid pathway between a bottom section of the second condensation section and the tower bottom section, and a second condensation section bottom section gas outlet. Embodiments of a method of using the system are also provided. 1. A hydrogen sulfide destruction and sulfur recovery system comprising:a tower;sulfur introduction piping;oxygen introduction piping; andhydrogen sulfide introduction piping; a lower cooling component within a lower vapor space of a bottom section of said tower;', 'an upper vapor space;', 'a void fluidly connecting said lower vapor space and said upper vapor space;', 'one or more upper catalyst beds fluidly connected to said upper vapor space;', 'a first condensation section comprising a first condensation cooling component disposed beneath said upper catalyst beds and fluidly connected thereto;', 'a tray comprising a weir disposed beneath said first condensation cooling component;', 'a fluid outlet that allows for fluid flow from said tray out of said tower;', 'one or more lower catalyst beds fluidly connected to said first condensation section via a fluid pathway;', 'a second condensation section comprising a second condensation cooling component disposed beneath said lower catalyst beds ...

Claus Process for Sulfur Recovery with Intermediate Water Vapor Removal by Adsorption

A method to recover sulfur comprising the steps of feeding an acid gas stream to a combustion furnace, condensing the cooled furnace stream to produce a first gas stream, feeding the first gas stream to a first adsorber comprises a molecular sieve, feeding the first hot dry gas stream to a first catalytic reactor, cooling the first catalytic outlet stream in a first condenser, feeding the second gas stream to a second adsorber, feeding the second hot dry gas stream to a second catalytic reactor, cooling the second catalytic outlet stream in a second condenser, introducing the third gas stream to a third adsorber, feeding the third hot dry gas stream to a third catalytic reactor to produce a third catalytic outlet stream, and cooling the third catalytic outlet stream in a third condenser to produce a third sulfur stream and a tail gas stream. 1. A method to recover sulfur from hydrogen sulfide in an acid gas stream , the method comprising the steps of:feeding the acid gas stream to a combustion furnace to produce a furnace outlet stream, the combustion furnace configured to convert the hydrogen sulfide to elemental sulfur, wherein the furnace outlet stream comprises elemental sulfur, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, and water vapor;introducing the furnace outlet stream to a waste heat boiler to produce a cooled furnace outlet stream, the waste heat boiler configured to reduce a temperature of the furnace outlet stream;condensing the cooled furnace stream in a sulfur condenser to produce a liquid sulfur stream and a gas stream, the sulfur condenser configured to reduce a temperature of the cooled furnace stream to a temperature below a dew point of elemental sulfur and above a dew point of water; andfeeding the gas stream to an adsorber to produce a dry gas stream and a water stream, wherein the adsorber comprises a molecular sieve, wherein the dry gas stream is in the absence of water vapor, wherein the dry gas stream comprises hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide.2. ...

ENHANCEMENT OF CLAUS TAIL GAS TREATMENT BY SULFUR DIOXIDE-SELECTIVE MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY

A method for increasing sulfur recovery from an acid gas feed comprising the steps of introducing the acid gas feed and a sulfur dioxide enriched air stream to a Claus process to produce a product gas stream, introducing the product gas stream to a thermal oxidizer to produce a flue gas stream, cooling the flue gas stream to produce a cooled take-off stream, separating the cooled take-off stream into a saturated gas stream, heating the saturated gas stream to produce a membrane gas stream, introducing the membrane gas stream to a membrane sweeping unit, the membrane sweeping unit comprises a membrane, the sulfur dioxide in the membrane gas stream permeates the membrane of the membrane sweeping unit, introducing a sweep air stream, the sweep air stream collects the sulfur dioxide to create the sulfur dioxide enriched air stream. 1. A method for increasing sulfur recovery from an acid gas feed , the method comprising the steps of:introducing the acid gas feed and a sulfur dioxide enriched air stream to a Claus process to produce a product gas stream and a recovered sulfur stream, wherein the acid gas feed comprises hydrogen sulfide, wherein the hydrogen sulfide is present in a hydrogen sulfide concentration, wherein the sulfur dioxide enriched air stream comprises sulfur dioxide and air;introducing the product gas stream to a thermal oxidizer to produce a flue gas stream, the thermal oxidizer configured to convert sulfur containing compounds in the product gas stream to sulfur dioxide;cooling the flue gas stream in a cooler to produce a cooled take-off stream;separating the cooled take-off stream in a liquid-gas separation unit to produce a condensed water and a saturated gas stream, wherein the saturated gas stream comprises sulfur dioxide;heating the saturated gas stream in a heater to produce a membrane gas stream;introducing the membrane gas stream to a membrane sweeping unit, wherein the membrane sweeping unit comprises a membrane, wherein the membrane sweeping ...

ENHANCEMENT OF CLAUS TAIL GAS TREATMENT BY SULFUR DIOXIDE-SELECTIVE MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY AND SULFUR DIOXIDE-SELECTIVE ABSORPTION TECHNOLOGY

A method for recovering sulfur from an acid gas feed is provided. The method comprising the steps of mixing the acid gas feed and an absorption process outlet stream to form a combined Claus feed, introducing the combined Claus feed and a sulfur dioxide enriched air feed to a Claus process to produce a Claus outlet gas stream, introducing the Claus outlet gas stream to a thermal oxidizer, treating the thermal oxidizer outlet stream in a gas treatment unit to produce a dehydrated stream, introducing the dehydrated stream to a membrane sweeping unit to produce a sweep membrane residue stream and a sulfur dioxide enriched air feed, introducing a sweep air stream to a permeate side of the membrane sweeping unit, and introducing the sweep membrane residue stream to a sulfur dioxide absorption process to produce the absorption process outlet stream and a stack feed. 1. A method for recovering sulfur from an acid gas feed , the method comprising the steps of:mixing the acid gas feed and an absorption process outlet stream to form a combined Claus feed, wherein the acid gas feed comprises hydrogen sulfide, such that the acid gas feed has a hydrogen sulfide concentration, wherein the absorption process outlet stream comprises sulfur dioxide;introducing the combined Claus feed and a sulfur dioxide enriched air feed to a Claus process to produce a Claus outlet gas stream and a recovered sulfur stream, the Claus process configured to convert hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide to elemental sulfur, wherein the recovered sulfur stream comprises the elemental sulfur, wherein the Claus outlet gas stream comprises sulfur-containing compounds, hydrogen sulfide, and sulfur dioxide;introducing the Claus outlet gas stream and a thermal oxidizer air feed to a thermal oxidizer to produce a thermal oxidizer outlet stream, the thermal oxidizer configured to convert the sulfur-containing compounds and the hydrogen sulfide to sulfur dioxide, wherein the thermal oxidizer outlet stream ...

CONFIGURATIONS AND METHODS FOR ADVANCED OXYGEN ENRICHMENT FOR SULFUR RECOVERY

Advanced oxygen enrichment technologies for Claus plants are presented that provide an oxygen rich gas stream to the Claus burner of the thermal stage and one or more oxygen rich bypass gas streams to at least one of the catalytic stages to so increase the capacity of the plant while reducing the amount of recycle gases needed for flame temperature moderation. 1. A gas processing plant , comprising:a Claus reactor system having a thermal stage comprising a burner and a reaction furnace, a catalytic stage comprising a first catalytic reactor, a first sulfur condenser fluidly coupled between the thermal stage and the catalytic stage, and an oxygen source configured to provide an oxygen rich gas stream;wherein the thermal stage is configured to receive an acid gas stream, an air stream, a recycle stream, and a first portion of the oxygen rich gas stream;wherein the first catalytic reactor is configured to receive a first gaseous effluent from the first sulfur condenser and a second portion of the oxygen stream, and to produce a first catalytic reactor effluent;wherein the recycle stream is a portion of the first gaseous effluent from the first sulfur condenser; anda second sulfur condenser fluidly coupled to the first catalytic reactor and configured to receive the first catalytic reactor effluent and to produce a second a gaseous effluent.2. The gas processing plant of further comprising a second catalytic reactor that is configured to receive the second gaseous effluent from the second sulfur condenser and a second portion of the oxygen rich gas stream claim 1 , and further comprising a third sulfur condenser fluidly coupled to the second catalytic reactor and configured to produce a third gaseous effluent.3. The gas processing plant of further comprising a third catalytic reactor that is configured to receive the third gaseous effluent from the third sulfur condenser and a third portion of the oxygen rich gas stream claim 2 , and further comprising a fourth sulfur ...

A METHOD FOR CLEANING VISCOSE PRODUCTION OFF-GASES AND CATALYSTS FOR USE IN THE METHOD

A method for cleaning an off-gas from viscose production, essentially containing HS and CS, comprises passing the gas through a catalytic reactor containing a direct oxidation type catalyst, such as VOon silica, to convert HS in the gas to elemental sulfur, SOor mixtures thereof, either via the oxygen present in the gas or via oxygen added to the gas stream. Elemental sulfur and SOare removed from the effluent gas from the catalytic reactor, and the unconverted CSis recycled to the viscose production process. 1. A method for cleaning off-gases from viscose production , said off-gases essentially containing air and sulfur components , mainly HS and CS , comprising the steps of{'sub': 2', '2, 'passing the off-gas through a catalytic reactor containing a direct oxidation type catalyst to convert HS in the off-gas to elemental sulfur, SOor mixtures thereof, either via the oxygen present in the gas or via oxygen added to the gas stream,'}{'sub': '2', 'removing elemental sulfur and SOfrom the effluent gas from the catalytic reactor, and'}{'sub': '2', 'recycling the unconverted CSto the viscose production process.'}2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the elemental sulfur is removed in a condenser and the SOis removed in a caustic scrubber.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the CSis absorbed and concentrated in a regenerative activated carbon filter downstream from the caustic scrubber.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the absorbed CSis desorbed and returned claim 3 , optionally after being upconcentrated claim 3 , as a raw material to the viscose production plant.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the off-gas from viscose production contains HS in a concentration around 200 to 2000 ppm and CSin a concentration around 200 to 1000 ppm.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the operation temperature is in the range from 100 to 300° C. claim 1 , preferably in the range from 160 to 260° C.7. A catalyst for use in the method ...

PROCESS FOR PREPARING SULFUR FROM REDUCTION OF SULFATE/ NITRATE BY IRON-CARBON AND RECOVERING DESULFURIZATION/ DENITRATION AGENTS

The present invention discloses a process for preparing sulfur from reduction of sulfate/nitrate by iron-carbon and recovering desulfurization/denitration agents. High-concentration SOflue gas produced by calcination of a sulfate and NOx produced by heating decomposition of a nitrate can be directly reduced to elemental sulfur vapor and Nthrough reaction with an iron-carbon material at a high temperature. Then, after dust removal, cooling and fine dust removal, sulfur is recovered by a sulfur recovery device, and metal oxides can replace alkaline mineral resources such as limestone as raw materials of desulfurization (denitration) agents. This process can recycle the desulfurization and denitration agents. 1. A system for preparing sulfur from reduction of sulfate/nitrate by iron-carbon and recovering desulfurization/denitration agents , the system comprising:a desulfurization tower, a denitration tower, a chimney, a drying device, a roaster for reduction, a first separator, a second separator, a thermal reduction tower using carbon, a third separator, a reheater, a fine dust removing device, a sulfur recovery device, a sulfur storage bin, a concentration device, a pneumatic transporting device, and a nitrate decomposition tower, wherein a flue gas inlet of the desulfurization tower is connected to a flue gas source, a flue gas outlet of the desulfurization tower is connected to a flue gas inlet of the denitration tower, a flue gas outlet of the denitration tower is connected to an inlet of a wet electrostatic precipitator, and an outlet of the wet electrostatic precipitator is connected to an inlet of the chimney;a tower kettle of the desulfurization tower is connected to an inlet of the drying device, an outlet of the drying device is connected to an inlet of a sulfate bin, the sulfate bin is connected to the roaster for reduction, and the roaster for reduction is also connected to an iron powder source and a carbon powder source;a tower kettle of the denitration ...

ACID GAS ENRICHMENT METHOD AND SYSTEM

A process for treating an HS- and CO-comprising fluid stream, in which a) the fluid stream is treated in a first absorber at a pressure of 10 to 150 bar with a first substream of a regenerated HS-selective absorbent to obtain a treated fluid stream and an HS-laden absorbent; b) the HS-laden absorbent is heated by indirect heat exchange with regenerated HS-selective absorbent; c) the heated HS-laden absorbent is decompressed to a pressure of 1.2 to 10 bar in a low-pressure decompression vessel to obtain a first CO-rich offgas and a partly regenerated absorbent; d) the partly regenerated absorbent is regenerated in a desorption column to obtain an HS-rich offgas and regenerated absorbent; e) the HS-rich offgas is fed to a Claus unit and the offgas from the Claus unit is fed to a hydrogenation unit to obtain hydrogenated Claus tail gas; f) the hydrogenated Claus tail gas and the first CO-rich offgas are treated in a second absorber at a pressure of 1 to 4 bar with a second substream of the regenerated HS-selective absorbent to obtain a second CO-rich offgas and a second HS-laden absorbent; and g) the second HS-laden absorbent is guided into the first absorber. Also described is a plant suitable for performance of the process. The process is notable for a low energy requirement. 1: A process for treating an HS- and CO-comprising hydrocarbonaceous fluid stream , in which{'sub': 2', '2, 'a) the fluid stream is treated in a first absorber at a pressure of 10 to 150 bar with a first substream of a regenerated HS-selective absorbent to obtain a treated fluid stream and an HS-laden absorbent;'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'b) the HS-laden absorbent is heated by indirect heat exchange with regenerated HS-selective absorbent;'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'c) the heated HS-laden absorbent is decompressed to a pressure of 1.2 to 10 bar in a low-pressure decompression vessel to obtain a first CO-rich offgas and a partly regenerated absorbent;'}{'sub': '2', 'd) the partly regenerated absorbent is ...

CLAUS UNIT TREATMENT OF SHUTDOWN TAIL GAS

The process for configuring or reconfiguring a sulfur removal plant having a plurality of Claus units that is greater than the number of downstream tail gas treating units (TGTUs) is disclosed. The process allows for the regeneration of one of the Claus units without shutting down any of the downstream TGTUs or the other Claus units. Specifically, the regeneration tail gas can be diverted to the reaction furnace of an in-service Claus unit, thereby allowing excess oxygen to be used to regenerate the Claus unit more efficiently, and without exceeding environmental SOemission requirements. 1. A method for regenerating a Claus unit in a sulfur removal complex comprising a plurality of Claus units and a smaller number of tail gas treating units (TGTUs) , the method comprising the steps of:(a) switching the feed to the regenerating Claus unit's reaction furnace to natural gas;(b) combusting the natural gas in the reaction furnace using an approximately stoichiometric amount of oxygen;(c) sending the tail gas from the regenerating Claus unit to an in-service TGTU;(d) once liquid sulfur is no longer produced from the regenerating Claus unit in step (b), sending the tail gas to an in-service Claus unit's reaction furnace; and(e) adding excess oxygen to the regenerating Claus unit's reaction furnace.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the excess oxygen is increased incrementally up to about 10%.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:(f) once the tail gas from the regenerating Claus unit after step (e) contains an environmentally acceptable concentration of sulfur, sending the tail gas to an incinerator.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tail gas in step (d) is sent to the combustion air piping for the in-service Claus unit's reaction furnace.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tail gas in step (d) is sent to the air plenum for the in-service Claus unit's reaction furnace.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tail gas in step (d) is sent to a dedicated nozzle on ...

CLAUS UNIT TREATMENT OF SHUTDOWN TAIL GAS

The process for configuring or reconfiguring a sulfur removal plant having a plurality of Claus units that is greater than the number of downstream tail gas treating units (TGTUs) is disclosed. The process allows for the regeneration of one of the Claus units without shutting down any of the downstream TGTUs or the other Claus units. Specifically, the regeneration tail gas can be diverted to the reaction furnace of an in-service Claus unit, thereby allowing excess oxygen to be used to regenerate the Claus unit more efficiently, and without exceeding environmental SO2 emission requirements. 1. A system for removing sulfur from a refinery acid gas stream , comprising:a plurality of Claus units, wherein each Claus unit has a reaction furnace;at least one tail gas treating units (TGTUs), wherein the number of TGTUs is smaller than the number of Claus units; andmeans for connecting the tail gas from any of the plurality of Claus units to the reaction furnace of any of the plurality of Claus units.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the tail gas from a regenerating Claus unit can be sent to the reaction furnace of an in-service Claus unit.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the connecting means includes piping for connecting the tail gas from any of the plurality of Claus units to the combustion air piping for the reaction furnace4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the connecting means includes piping for connecting the tail gas from any of the plurality of Claus units to the air plenum for the reaction furnace of any of the plurality of Claus units.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the connecting means includes piping for connecting the tail gas from any of the plurality of Claus units to a dedicated nozzle on the reaction furnace of any of the plurality of Claus units. This application is a divisional application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/449,010, filed on Mar. 3, 2017, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/312,166 filed Mar. 23, ...

ZERO EMISSIONS SULPHUR RECOVERY PROCESS WITH CONCURRENT HYDROGEN PRODUCTION

Disclosed is a process for the concurrent production of hydrogen and sulphur from a HS-containing gas stream, with zero emissions. The method comprises the thermal oxidative cracking of HS so as to form Hand S. Preferably, the oxidation is conducted using oxygen-enriched air, preferably pure oxygen. The ratio HS/Oin the feedstock is higher than 2:1, preferably in the range of 3:1-5:1.

PROCESS FOR IN-SITU PRODUCTION OF LOW DISSOLVED HYDROGEN SULFIDE, DEGASSED, SULFUR FROM CLAUS SULFUR RECOVERY

A process of producing degassed liquid sulfur within a vertical sulfur condenser may include providing a plurality of condenser tubes within an external casing; submerging exit ends of the plurality of condenser tubes within a liquid reservoir resulting in submerged exit ends of the plurality of condenser tubes; passing the Claus process gas into an inlet end of the plurality of condenser tubes; condensing the Claus process gas within the condenser tubes to produce condensed Claus process gas within the plurality of condenser tubes; and collecting the condensed Claus process gas in the liquid reservoir upon exiting of the condensed Claus process gas at an exit end of the plurality of condenser tubes. The process may further include converting hydrogen sulfide by the Claus reaction 2HS+SO3/xSx+2HO, and decomposing polysulfanes to hydrogen sulfide and sulfur, wherein elemental sulfur is freed from hydrogen sulfide. 1. A process of producing degassed liquid sulfur within a sulfur condenser , comprising:introducing a Claus process gas through a gas inlet of an external casing of the sulfur condenser;providing a plurality of condenser tubes within the external casing;submerging exit ends of the plurality of condenser tubes within a liquid reservoir resulting in submerged exit ends of the plurality of condenser tubes;passing the Claus process gas into an inlet end of the plurality of condenser tubes;condensing the Claus process gas within the plurality of condenser tubes to produce condensed Claus process gas within the plurality of condenser tubes; andcollecting the condensed Claus process gas in the liquid reservoir upon exiting of the condensed Claus process gas at an exit end of the plurality of condenser tubes.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein condensing the Claus process gas within the plurality of condenser tubes to produce condensed Claus process gas within the plurality of condenser tubes further comprises:{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'img': {'@id': 'CUSTOM-CHARACTER- ...

SULFUR RECOVERY PROCESS FOR TREATING LOW TO MEDIUM MOLE PERCENT HYDROGEN SULFIDE GAS FEEDS WITH BTEX IN A CLAUS UNIT

An enrichment apparatus and process for enriching a hydrogen sulfide concentration in an acid gas stream to create a hydrogen sulfide rich stream for feed to a Claus. The enrichment apparatus comprises a hydrocarbon selective separation unit operable to separate the acid gas stream into a hydrocarbon rich stream and a purified acid gas stream, wherein the acid gas stream comprises hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and hydrocarbons, a hydrogen sulfide selective separation unit operable to separate the purified acid gas stream to create the hydrogen sulfide rich stream and a hydrogen sulfide lean stream, the hydrogen sulfide rich stream having a concentration of hydrogen sulfide, and the Claus unit operable to recover sulfur from the carbon dioxide lean stream. The enrichment apparatus can include a carbon dioxide selective separation unit in fluid communication with the hydrogen sulfide selective separation unit, operable to separate the hydrogen sulfide rich stream. 1. An enrichment apparatus for enriching a hydrogen sulfide concentration in an acid gas stream to create a hydrogen sulfide rich stream for feed to a Claus unit , the enrichment apparatus comprising: 'wherein the acid gas stream comprises hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and hydrocarbons;', 'a hydrocarbon selective separation unit, the hydrocarbon selective separation unit operable to separate the acid gas stream into a hydrocarbon rich stream and a purified acid gas stream,'}a hydrogen sulfide selective separation unit in fluid communication with the hydrocarbon selective separation unit, the hydrogen sulfide selective separation unit operable to separate the purified acid gas stream to create the hydrogen sulfide rich stream and a hydrogen sulfide lean stream, the hydrogen sulfide rich stream having a concentration of hydrogen sulfide; andthe Claus unit in fluid communication with the hydrogen sulfide selective separation unit, the Claus unit operable to recover elemental sulfur from the hydrogen ...

Sour syngas treatment apparatuses and processes for treating sour syngas comprising sulfur components and carbon dioxide

Sour syngas treatment apparatuses and processes for treating a sour syngas stream are provided herein. In an embodiment, a process for treating a sour syngas stream that includes sulfur components and carbon dioxide includes absorbing the sulfur components and carbon dioxide from the sour syngas stream in a primary liquid/vapor phase absorption stage with a solvent to produce a liquid absorbent stream. The liquid absorbent stream includes the solvent, the sulfur components, and carbon dioxide. A portion of the sulfur components from the liquid absorbent stream is directly oxidized in the presence of a direct oxidation catalyst to produce elemental sulfur and a recycle stream. The recycle stream includes an unconverted portion of the sulfur components and carbon dioxide. The recycle stream is recycled for further absorption of the unconverted portion of the sulfur components and carbon dioxide through liquid/vapor phase absorption.

THERMAL STAGE AND REDUCTION ABSORPTION SULFUR RECOVERY PROCESS

An elemental sulfur recovery unit comprising a thermal unit configured to combust an acid gas feed comprising hydrogen sulfide, an oxygen source, and a fuel gas to create a reaction furnace outlet stream, comprising elemental sulfur, a waste heat boiler configured to capture heat from the reaction furnace outlet stream to create a waste heat boiler effluent, a condenser configured to condense the waste heat boiler effluent to produce a non-condensed gases stream and a condensed stream comprising elemental sulfur, a process gas reheater configured to generate a hot gases stream, a hydrogenation reactor configured to convert the hot gases stream to create a hydrogenation effluent comprising hydrogen sulfide, a process desuperheater configured to cool the hydrogenation effluent to generate a cooled effluent, and an absorber unit configured to absorb the hydrogen sulfide from the cooled effluent to produce a hydrogen sulfide recycle stream and a waste gas stream. 1. A sulfur recovery process to recover elemental sulfur from an acid gas feed , the sulfur recovery process comprising the steps of:feeding the acid gas feed, an oxygen source, and a fuel gas to a main burner of a thermal unit, the main burner configured to combust the acid gas feed, the oxygen source, and the fuel gas to a minimum reaction furnace temperature, the acid gas feed comprising hydrogen sulfide;reacting the acid gas feed, the oxygen source, and the fuel gas at the minimum reaction furnace temperature in a reaction furnace of the thermal unit to create a reaction furnace outlet stream, wherein the reaction furnace outlet stream comprises elemental sulfur and sulfur-containing contaminants;recovering heat from the reaction furnace outlet stream in a waste heat boiler to create a waste heat boiler effluent, the waste heat boiler configured to capture heat from the reaction furnace outlet stream to heat a boiler feedwater stream to create saturated steam;condensing the waste heat boiler effluent in a ...

REMOVAL OF AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS FROM LEAN ACID GAS FEED FOR SULFUR RECOVERY

The present invention is directed to a process for the removal of aromatic hydrocarbons from a lean acid gas containing less than 20 mol. % of HS, comprising: 14. A process for the removal of aromatic hydrocarbons , such as benzene , toluene , ethyl benzene and xylene (BTX) and aliphatic hydrocarbons having carbon atoms or more (C) from a lean acid gas containing COand less than 20 mol. % of HS , which process comprises:{'b': 1', '29', '2', '3', '4, 'sub': 2', '2', '2', '4', '2', '4', '2, 'sup': +', '+, 'a) contacting the lean acid gas stream () with a HS-selective liquid absorbent solution () in a first absorption zone () to produce a gas stream depleted in HS () and containing CO, aromatic hydrocarbons and C aliphatic hydrocarbons, and an absorbent solution enriched in HS (), also containing co-absorbed C aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons and CO,'}{'sub': 2', '4', '2', '2', '4', '2', '2, 'b': 4', '8', '7', '9', '10, 'sup': +', '+, 'b) introducing the absorbent solution enriched in HS () into a non-thermic stripping zone () where it is contacted with a stripping gas stream (), preferably fuel gas, to obtain an absorbent solution depleted in C aliphatic hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons () and containing HS and COand a stripping gas stream enriched in aromatic hydrocarbons and C aliphatic hydrocarbons (), also containing HS and CO,'}{'sub': 4', '2', '2', '2', '2', '4', '2', '2', '4', '2', '2, 'sup': +', '+', '+, 'b': 10', '28', '12', '13', '14, 'c) contacting the stripping gas stream enriched in aromatic hydrocarbons and C aliphatic hydrocarbons (), also containing HS and COobtained in step b) with a HS-selective liquid absorbent solution () in a second absorption zone () to obtain a stripping gas stream depleted in HS and containing aromatic hydrocarbons, C aliphatic hydrocarbons and CO(), and an absorbent solution enriched in HS () also containing co-absorbed aromatic hydrocarbons, C aliphatic hydrocarbons and CO, said HS-selective liquid ...

SULFUR PRODUCTION

A system includes a first chamber, a second chamber, an ultraviolet light source and a microwave source. The first chamber includes an inlet. The second chamber is adjacent the first chamber and includes an outlet and a waveguide. The ultraviolet light source resides within the waveguide of the second chamber. Related apparatus, systems, techniques and articles are also described. 1. A system comprising:a first chamber including an inlet;a second chamber adjacent the first chamber, the second chamber including an outlet and a waveguide;an ultraviolet light source residing within the waveguide of the second chamber; anda microwave source configured to radiate microwave energy into the first chamber.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the microwave source is further configured to radiate the microwave energy into the waveguide of the second chamber such that the microwave energy contacts the ultraviolet light source claim 1 , the ultraviolet light source including an internal gas that generates ultraviolet light upon contact with the microwave energy.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the waveguide includes an end configured such that the microwave energy forms a standing wave within the waveguide.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second chamber further includes:a first electrode configured to have a negative charge; anda second electrode configured to have a positive charge, the first electrode and the second electrode being external to the ultraviolet light source and internal to the waveguide.5. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:a tube assembly within the waveguide and containing the ultraviolet light source, a wall of the tube assembly transparent to ultraviolet light and microwave energy.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first chamber is located between the microwave source and the second chamber such that the microwave energy is generated by the microwave source and passes through the first chamber to the second chamber.7. The system of claim 1 ...

METHOD FOR TREATING SULFUR HEXAFLUORIDE USING RADIATION AND APPARATUS FOR COLLECTING AND TREATING BY-PRODUCTS

Provided are a method for treating sulfur hexafluoride and an apparatus for collecting and treating by-products. The method for treating sulfur hexafluoride, and the apparatus for collecting and treating by-products according to the present invention are a significantly effective method and apparatus capable of safely treating sulfur hexafluoride at low cost. 1. A method for treating sulfur hexafluoride , the method comprising:a) reacting sulfur hexafluoride and hydrogen by irradiating radiation to decompose and convert sulfur hexafluoride and hydrogen into sulfur and hydrogen fluoride; andb) condensing hydrogen fluoride in step a) in a liquid state to collect liquid hydrogen fluoride, or injecting hydrogen fluoride in step a) into an aqueous metal or non-metal ion solution to form a fluoride salt.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein a metal ion of the aqueous metal ion solution is an ion of a Group I A metal claim 1 , a Group II B metal claim 1 , a Group III A metal claim 1 , a Group IV A metal claim 1 , a Group V A metal claim 1 , a Group VI A metal claim 1 , a Group VII A metal claim 1 , a Group VIII A metal claim 1 , a Group I B metal claim 1 , a Group III B metal claim 1 , or a mixed metal thereof.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the metal ion is an ion of one or two or more metals selected from Li claim 2 , K claim 2 , Mg claim 2 , Ca claim 2 , Sc claim 2 , Y claim 2 , La claim 2 , Ac claim 2 , Ti claim 2 , Zr claim 2 , Hf claim 2 , V claim 2 , Nb claim 2 , Cr claim 2 , Mo claim 2 , W claim 2 , Mn claim 2 , Fe claim 2 , Co claim 2 , Ni claim 2 , Ru claim 2 , Rh claim 2 , Pd claim 2 , Os claim 2 , Ir claim 2 , Pt claim 2 , Cu claim 2 , B claim 2 , Al claim 2 , Ga claim 2 , and In.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the radiation is an electron beam claim 1 , gamma ray claim 1 , or ion beam.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein a total radiation dose of the radiation is 50 to 500 KGy.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein an amount of hydrogen is 3 to 6 moles based on 1 ...

Advanced Heat Integration in Sulfur Recovery Unit - SafarClaus

A method for heat integration in a sulfur recovery unit, the method comprising the steps of reacting the acid gas stream and the air stream in the reaction furnace to produce a reaction effluent, where the reaction effluent comprises elemental sulfur, reducing the temperature of the reaction effluent in the heating extension to produce an effluent stream, reducing the temperature of the reaction effluent in the waste heat boiler to produce a cooled effluent stream, reducing the temperature of the cooled effluent in the sulfur condenser to produce a liquid sulfur stream and a cooled gases stream, where the liquid sulfur stream comprises the elemental sulfur, and increasing a temperature of the cooled gases stream to produce a hot gases stream, where the heating extension is configured to capture heat from the reaction effluent and release the heat to the cooled gases stream. 1. A method for heat integration in a sulfur recovery unit , the method comprising the steps of:introducing an acid gas stream to a reaction furnace, where the acid gas stream comprises hydrogen sulfide;introducing an air stream to the reaction furnace, where the air stream comprises oxygen;reacting the acid gas stream and the air stream in the reaction furnace to produce a reaction effluent, where the reaction effluent comprises elemental sulfur, where the hydrogen sulfide and oxygen react to produce the elemental sulfur;introducing the reaction effluent to a heating extension;reducing the temperature of the reaction effluent in the heating extension to produce a cooled effluent stream;introducing the cooled effluent to a sulfur condenser;reducing the temperature of the cooled effluent in the sulfur condenser to produce a liquid sulfur stream and a cooled gases stream, where the liquid sulfur stream comprises the elemental sulfur;introducing the cooled gases stream to the heating extension;increasing a temperature of the cooled gases stream to produce a hot gases stream, where the heating ...

TITANIUM DIOXIDE SOL, METHOD FOR PREPARATION THEREOF AND PRODUCTS OBTAINED THEREFROM

A method for preparing a sol comprising TiOand ZrOand/or hydrated forms of TiOand ZrO. The method includes mixing a material which includes metatitanic acid in an aqueous phase with a zirconyl compound or with a mixture of several zirconyl compounds. The material is provided either as a suspension or as a filter cake from the sulfate method. The material includes a HSOcontent of 3 to 15 wt.-% relative to a quantity of TiOin the material. The zirconyl compound or the mixture of several zirconyl compounds is mixed in a quantity that is sufficient to provide the sol depending on the HSOcontent. 117-. (canceled)18. A method for preparing a sol comprising TiOand ZrOand/or hydrated forms of TiOand ZrO , the method comprising:mixing a material comprising metatitanic acid in an aqueous phase with a zirconyl compound or with a mixture of several zirconyl compounds, the material is provided either as a suspension or as a filter cake from the sulfate method,', {'sub': 2', '4', '2, 'the material comprises a HSOcontent of 3 to 15 wt.-% relative to a quantity of TiOin the material, and'}, {'sub': 2', '4, 'the zirconyl compound or the mixture of several zirconyl compounds is mixed in a quantity that is sufficient to provide the sol depending on the HSOcontent.'}], 'wherein,'}19. The method as recited in claim 18 , wherein the HSOcontent is 4 to 12 wt.-% relative to the quantity of TiOof in the material.20. The method as recited in claim 18 , wherein the zirconyl compound is a zirconyl compound with an anion of a monoprotonic acid or mixtures thereof.21. The method according to claim 18 , wherein the zirconyl compound is ZrOClor ZrO(NO).22. The method as recited in claim 18 , wherein claim 18 , after the sol is prepared claim 18 , the method further comprises:{'sub': 2', '2, 'adding a compound comprising SiOor hydrated preforms of SiOin a quantity of 2 to 20 wt.-% relative to a quantity of oxides.'}23. The method as recited in claim 22 , wherein the compound comprising SiOis water ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR DEGASSING OF SULFUR

Contemplated systems and methods for removing polysulfides and hydrogen sulfide from liquid sulfur of a Claus plant include (a) physically separated steps of catalytic decomposition of polysulfides and gas stripping, or (b) use of the stripping gas as the continuous phase in a packed column with decomposition catalyst to so avoid catalyst attrition. 1. A treatment plant for treating liquid sulfur containing polysulfides and hydrogen sulfide , the treatment plant comprising:a Claus unit that is configured to produce a stream of liquid sulfur that contains polysulfides and hydrogen sulfide, wherein the Claus unit is coupled to:a trickle bed reactor that comprises a fixed bed of a decomposition catalyst, wherein the trickle bed reactor is configured to concurrently i) contact the stream of liquid sulfur that contains polysulfides with the decomposition catalyst under conditions effective to convert polysulfides to hydrogen sulfide to thereby generate hydrogen sulfide enriched liquid sulfur and ii) strip the hydrogen sulfide from the hydrogen sulfide enriched liquid sulfur in the fixed bed with a stripping gas as a continuous phase to thereby form a liquid sulfur product stream and an acid gas stream.2. The treatment plant of claim 1 , further comprising:a container fluidly coupled to the trickle bed reactor and configured to receive the liquid sulfur product stream.3. The treatment plant of claim 1 , wherein the Claus unit is further coupled to a common vessel having a decomposition section and a stripping section claim 1 , wherein the decomposition section is positioned above the stripping section.4. The treatment plant of claim 3 , wherein the decomposition section comprises a ring shaped decomposition catalyst bed that is active to convert the polysulfides in the stream of liquid sulfur to hydrogen sulfide to thereby generate a hydrogen sulfide enriched liquid sulfur stream.5. The treatment plant of claim 4 , wherein the stripping section is configured to strip ...