МЕМБРАННЫЙ РЕАКТОР ДЛЯ ОЧИСТКИ ГАЗОВ, СОДЕРЖАЩИХ ТРИТИЙ

Изобретение относится к устройству для извлечения трития путем изотопного обмена из таких вещей, как, например, перчатки, бумага и других подобных объектов, называемых «мягкими бытовыми отходами», имеющихся в лабораториях и заводах, обрабатывающих загрязненные тритием материалы. Устройство содержит модуль (1) в виде резервуара цилиндрической формы, выполненного из стали или другого пригодного металла или стекла, трубчатый мембранный разделитель (Т), выполненный из металла или металлического сплава, избирательно проницаемого для водорода и его изотопов, установленный консольно в модуле (1) и имеющий закрытый свободный конец, средство для приложения осевого растягивающего усилия к свободному концу трубчатого мембранного разделителя (Т) и средство для электрического соединения свободного конца трубчатого мембранного разделителя (Т) со смежным с ним концевым фланцем (FF) модуля (1). Изобретение обеспечивает эффективное извлечение трития. 6 з.п. ф-лы, 10 ил., 2 табл.

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ОЧИСТКИ ВОЗДУХА ОТ ГАЗООБРАЗНОГО ТРИТИЯ И ЕГО КОНЦЕНТРАЦИИ В ПОСТОЯННОМ ОБЪЕМЕ ВОДЫ

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: method for purifying air from gaseous tritium is to oxidise tritium of air in a hydrogen-oxygen flame. The device for purifying air and tritium concentration in water contains a hermetically sealed chamber for oxidizing tritium at the high temperature in a hydrogen-oxygen flame, the gaseous mixture for which comes from the hydrogen-oxygen generator, a pump for discharging the resulting mixture of air and water vapours, a cooler for cooling it, a water filter to holding condensed water, an equipment for storing tritium. EFFECT: effective purification of gases from tritium, recovery and enrichment of tritium. 3 cl, 1 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 635 809 C2 (51) МПК G21F 9/02 (2006.01) C01B 4/00 (2006.01) B01D 59/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2015118693, 20.03.2013 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 20.03.2013 Дата регистрации: (72) Автор(ы): Спасов Ивайло Спасов (BG), Гийошев Георгий Стоянов (BG), Кривиров Никола Петров (BG) (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 24244927 C1, 27.06.2011. RU 30.01.2013 BG 1. 111385 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 07.03.2017 Бюл. № 7 2243148 C1, 27.12.2004. GB 2021536 A, 05.12.1979. DE 3809367 A1, 28.09.1989. (86) Заявка PCT: BG 2013/000006 (20.03.2013) (87) Публикация заявки PCT: 2 6 3 5 8 0 9 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 31.08.2015 Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: R U (45) Опубликовано: 16.11.2017 Бюл. № 32 (73) Патентообладатель(и): КАСАБОВ Евгений Борисов (BG), ШОПОВ Климент Николаев (BG), САВОВ Атанас Благоев (BG), МИНОВ Евгений Манолов (BG), ХРИСТОВА Соня Йорданова (BG), НЕЙЧЕВА Мария Илиева (BG), ЗЛАТАНОВ Илия Георгиев (BG) 16.11.2017 2 6 3 5 8 0 9 R U Адрес для переписки: 107078, Москва, Красноворотский пр-д, 3, стр. 1, к. 18, ООО Патентно-правовая фирма "Искона-II" (54) СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ОЧИСТКИ ВОЗДУХА ОТ ...

ПОГЛОТИТЕЛЬ ВОДОРОДА

Изобретение относится к технологии очистки газовых смесей от водорода или его изотопов в статическом режиме из кислородсодержащих газовых смесей, в которых необходимо уменьшить или исключить накопление оксида углерода (II), паров воды и органических веществ в замкнутых объемах, и может быть использовано в электрохимической, химической, радиоэлектронной и приборостроительной промышленности. Поглотитель водорода содержит корпус 1 в виде полой емкости, выполненный из арамидной ткани, с последовательно расположенными и сообщающимися между собой областями катализатора 2 и адсорбента 3. Область катализатора 2 размещена внутри защитного элемента 4. Корпус 1 и защитный элемент 4 скреплены между собой соединительными элементами 5, выполненными из арамидного материала. Конструкция устройства обеспечивает поступление реагентов к поверхности катализатора и поверхности адсорбента в статическом режиме с максимальной скоростью за счет использования арамидной ткани для корпуса и защитного элемента обеспечивается ...

Устройство для сорбции, хранения и освобождения изотопов водорода

Изобретение относится к устройствам для выделения и хранения изотопов водорода и может быть использовано при получении трития и дейтерия. Цель изобретения - освобождение изотопов водорода при постоянном давлении. Предлагаемое устройство включает два контейнера с газопоглотительными материалами, в одном контейнере материал имеет линейную изотермическую сорбционную характеристику, а в дополнительном - нелинейную изотермическую сорбционную характеристику. 1 ил.

PROCESS FOR HYDROGEN ISOTOPE SEPARATION USING HYDROFLUOROCARBONS

Verfahren zur Anreicherung von Deuterium in Wasser oder Wasserstoff

KATALYSATOR ZUR KONZENTRIERUNG VON WASSERSTOFFISOTOPEN

Hydrogen isotope mixture separation process - splits water into currents for exchange with deuterium and protium

The process separates a hydrogen isotope mixture into two or more fractions by catalytic exchange between water and gaseous hydrogen, followed by low-temperature rectification of the hydrogen. The water to be prepared is split into two currents, one of which is brought into exchange with a hydrogen current comprising deuterium and tritium, these enriching the water. The other is brought into exchange with a hydrogen current of protium. The two hydrogen currents are by rectification then divided into a fraction consisting of deuterium and tritium and one consisting of protium, and returned as hydrogen currents to the exchange process.

WASSERSTOFF-PERMEATIONSWAND, VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG DERSELBEN UND DEREN VERWENDUNG.

VERFAHREN UND ANLAGE ZUM BELADEN VON EINEM IN EINEN MONOTHERMEN ODER BITHERMEN ANREICHERUNGSPROZESS EINGELEITETEN AUS WASSERSTOFF BESTEHENDEN ODER WASSERSTOFF ALS GEMISCHKOMPONENTE ENTHALTENDEN EINSPEISESTROM MIT DEUTERIUM

DUAL TEMPERATURE EXCHANGE SYSTEMS

... 1403561 Exchange process DEUTERIUM CORP 22 March 1972 [22 March 1971] 13477/72 Heading C1A A fluid containing a concentrate of a first material by exchange at two different temperatures said first material with a second material between chemically different physically separable first and second fluid phases in which (a) said second fluid phase is passed through each of the second and first units in that order of a pair of exchange units, (b) flows of said first fluid phase are passed in counter-current with said second fluid phase in first and second units of said pair, (c) the first and second units are maintained at different temperatures to cause said second fluid phase to become enriched in said first material in passing through said second unit and to become impoverished in said first material in passing through said first unit, and to cause the first fluid phase to become enriched in said first material in passing through said first unit and to become impoverished in said first material ...

WITHDRAWAL OF HEAT FROM A GAS STREAM

... 1322017 Isotope enrichment SULZER BROS Ltd 22 June 1970 [23 June 1969] 30208/70 Heading C1A In a method of extracting heat from a vapourcontaining gas stream 26a by heat exchange with a relatively dry gas stream 26e in a bithermal isotope enrichment system, a metered quantity of liquid, e.g. ammonia, is added to the dry gas stream at a point 32 upstream of a heat exchanger 29 through which the gas stream 26e saturated with the added liquid is constrained to flow counter-currently to the vapour-containing gas stream 26a. The heat exchanger 29 is located between a hot heat exchange tower 23 and cold heat exchange towers 21, 22; a liquid phase ammonia circuit 25 passes through the towers 21-23. The liquid ammonia, which is supplied through a duct 31 from a location 33 in the hot heat exchange tower 33 by means of a pump 30 is precooled in a heat exchanger 34 using condensate separated out from the cooled gas stream 26a at 35 and supplied by way of a duct 36. The heat exchange process disclosed ...

PROCESS FOR EFFECTING ISOTOPIC EXCHANGE IN A MEDIUM CONTAINING AMMONIA

... 1312191 Isotopic enrichment of ammonia COMMISSARIAT A L'ENERGIE ATOMIQUE 19 April 1971 [10 Feb 1970] 21397/71 Addition to 1125670 Heading C1A A process for the isotopic exchange of hydrogen and deuterium comprises contacting deuterium-containing hydrogen and liquid ammonia in the presence of a tertiary amine, other than trimethylamine, of the formula wherein R, R1 and R11 are aliphatic radicals containing 1-4 carbon atoms. Triethylamine and tripropylamine are preferred tertiary amines. Potassium amide may be used as a catalyst for the exchange.

Material exchange columns

... 1,013,777. Gas-liquid contact column. SULZER BROS. Ltd. March 19, 1964 [March 21, 1963; Jan. 24, 1964], No. 11716/64. Heading B1R. A gas-liquid contact column 1 has contiguous vertical packed flow channels whose boundary walls contain apertures 12 permitting the passage of gas or vapour but not liquid; cells 4 of metal or plastic packing unit 11 are packed with elements 13 which may be constituted by corrugated perforated lamellae, the corrugations of adjacent elements being at right angles and the corrugations of at least one of each adjacent pair of lamellae being inclined to the vertical column axis; alternatively corrugated and uncorrugated lamellae may alternate in a horizontal plane. In another construction the boundary walls are formed from inverted U- or V-shaped elements, Figs. 5 and 6. Preferably the column contains separate packed sections divided by spaces extending across the vertical column axis. Alternative packing is provided by Raschig rings. Specification 1,005,586 is ...

Composite body comprising a porous layer of a hydrogenation catalyst

... Hydrogen is purified, or hydrogen and deuterium are separated, by use of a composite body comprising a compact pore-free base of a metal or alloy permeable to hydrogen in contact with a porous layer of a hydrogenation catalyst other than a hydride of Ti, Zr, Th, Ce or U. Suitable catalysts include e.g. finely divided Pt, Ni, Co, Fe, Cu and alloys thereof, and certain semi-conductor materials, e.g. N-type Si. Preferred metals for the base include Pd and its alloys, e.g. T with Ag; Ta and its alloys, e.g. with W; and Ti. In specific examples:-(1) a hydrogen electrode (Fig. 3) for a fuel cell has an open-ended nickel-silver tube 1 to one end of which Pd foil 2 is soldered. In the tube is placed a layer 3 of Raney Ni, and a weight or wire mesh is pressed thereon to assure intimate contact between layer 3 and foil 2. The electrode is immersed in 6N NaOH solution 6. The counter-electrode is an iron sheet. Instead of Raney Ni, Raney Fe ...

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR PREPARING HYDROGEN HAVING A NATURAL DEUTERIUM CONCENTRATION

... 1417444 Preparation of hydrogen SULZER BROS Ltd 1 March 1973 [2 March 1972] 9946/73 Heading C1A Hydrogen having a natural deuterium concentration is produced by supplying steam 3 having a natural deuterium concentration and a hydrocarbon feedstock 4 to a thermal hydrogen production plant A and recovering the hydrogen 12; excess water (of increased deuterium concentration) is recycled via isotope exchange column 15 to increase the concentration of deuterium in at least a portion of the steam supplied. The invention also comprises the corresponding apparatus. The plant A comprises a primary reformer 1 which contains a catalyst, e.g. Ni oxides surrounded by a combustion chamber 2 receiving fuel and air. Steam from fresh water at approximately 600‹ C. is supplied to reformer 1 through line 3 and hydrocarbons at approximately 300‹ C. are supplied to reformer 1 through line 4. The mixture, at approximately 700‹ C., passes to secondary reformer 5 via line 6 and is catalytically oxidized over nickel ...

EXTRACTION OF DEUTERIUM FROM HYDROGEN GAS USING AMINES IN A BITHERMAL PROCESS

... 1,273,461. Deuteration of amines. ATOMIC ENERGY OF CANADA Ltd. 18 March, 1970 [8 April, 1969], No. 13021/70. Heading C2C. [Also in Division C1] In a bithermal extraction of deuterium from, e.g. ammonia synthesis gas, the gas passes in flow path 1, 1a 1c through hot and cold exchange towers H, C to countercurrently contact with a first exchange liquid flowing in path 3, 3a and exchange tower E, and a second different exchange liquid flowing in path 2, 2a, E. The exchange liquids are selected from aliphatic amines having up to five carbon atoms per molecule and mixtures thereof with ammonia. The exchange liquids may have a catalyst dissolved therein e.g. made by dissolving lithium, sodium, potassium, cesium or rubidium or an amide thereof in the exchange liquid. The gas picks up deuterium in the hot tower H but loses a greater amount in the cold tower C. The second exchange liquid exists mainly as a vapour in exchange tower E and hence loses some catalyst to the first exchange liquid. To ...

PROCESS FOR THE EXTRACTION OF TRITIUM FROM HEAVY WATER

SPENT PLASMA REPROCESSING SYSTEM

Inorganic hydrogen compounds, separation methods, and fuel applications.

Compounds are provided comprising at least one neutral, positive, or negative hydrogen species having a greater binding energy than its corresponding ordinary hydrogen species, or greater than any hydrogen species for which the binding energy is unstable or not observed. The compounds also comprise at least one other atom, molecule, or ion other than the increased binding energy hydrogen species. One group of such compounds contains an increased binding energy hydrogen species selected from the group consisting of Hn, Hn-and Hn+, where n is an integer from one to three. Applications of the compounds include their use in batteries, fuel cells, cutting materials thermionic cathodes, optical filters, fiber optic cables, magnets, etching agents, dopants in semiconductor fabrication, propellants and methods of purifying isotopes.

Inorganic hydrogen compounds separation methods and fuel applications

STOFFZUSAMMENSETZUNG ZUR SPEICHERUNG VON WASSERSTOFF

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE RECOVERY OF TRITIUM

HYDROGEN PERMEATION WALL.

METHOD BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY FOR THE SEPARATION FROM HYDROGEN ISOTOPES.

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON SUBSTANZEN, IN DENEN WASSERSTOFF UNTER HYDRIDBILDUNG GESPEICHERT IST

Method for producing deuterium-depleted water and method for producing deuterium-concentrated water

According to the present invention, water is separated into deuterium-depleted water and deuterium-concentrated water with ease and low cost. This method for producing deuterium-depleted water by removing heavy water and semi-heavy water from water is characterized by: supplying water vapor for a period of time to an adsorbent 11 that is obtained by adding, to a carbon material, at least one of metals belonging to Group 8 to 13 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, as an additive metal, and allowing the water vapor to adsorb onto the adsorbent 11 while passing the water vapor through the adsorbent 11; then bringing protium gas into contact with the adsorbent 11; and then additionally desorbing the water vapor adsorbed onto the adsorbent 11, and thereby recovering the same.

DUAL TEMPERATURE EXCHANGE SYSTEMS

CATALYST FOR HYDROGEN-AMINE D EXCHANGE

METHOD FOR PRODUCING DEUTERIUM GAS AND CATALYTIC DEUTERATION METHOD USING DEUTERIUM GAS OBTAINED THEREBY

PROCESS FOR ENRICHING AND SEPARATING OXIDES OF HEAVY HYDROGEN ISOTOPES FROM ACID, AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OR OTHER AQUEOUS STREAMS

... 25213-60 A process for the enrichment and separation of oxides of heavy hydrogen isotopes from acid, aqueous solutions or other aqueous streams employs macrocyclic aminopolyether (APE) and organic cation exchange agents. The aqueous solution or the aqueous stream is mixed with at least one organic solvent which is miscible with water to form a liquid mixture. An organic acid cation exchange agent in the H-form is charged with a protonized APE to form a solid phase. The liquid mixture is brought into contact with the solid phase to bring about the enrichment of the heavy hydrogen isotope on the solid phase at a low temperture. The heavy hydrogen isotope from the solid phase is then released at a temperature that is higher by between 30.degree.K and 150.degree.K than the temperature at which the enrichment occurred. In such a way of deuteriumoxide/tritiumoxide enriched or depleted solutions are passing one after another some of those stages, containing cation exchanger loaded by APE.

DEUTERIUM EXCHANGE BETWEEN HYDROFLUOROCARBONS AND AMINES

The concentration of deuterium relative to hydrogen in a hydrofluorocarbon is increased by contacting the hydrofluorocarbon, in the presence of an alkali metal amide, with an amine having a concentration of deuterium that is greater than that which provides equilibrium with the hydrofluorocarbon. In a preferred embodiment, a compound enriched in deuterium is produced by first exposing trifluoromethane to infrared laser radiation to selectively cause a chemical reaction involving deuterium-containing molecules. The deuterium-depleted trifluoromethane is deuterium replenished by exchange with an amine, and the compound enriched in deuterium is converted to heavy water. Heavy water is useful in certain types of nuclear reactors.

METHOD FOR ENRICHING AND SEPARATING HEAVY HYDROGEN ISOTOPESFROM SUBSTANCE STREAMS CONTAINING SUCH ISOTOPES BY MEANS OF ISOTOPE EXCHANGE

A process for enriching and separating heavy hydrogen isotopes having a heavy hydrogen cation (deuterium and/or tritium) from substance streams containing them, wherein the respectively present hydrogen isotopes are exchanged in chemical equilibria. A protic, acid solution containing deuterium and/or tritium is brought into contact with a value material from the group of open chained polyethers or aminopolyethers, macro-monocyclic or macro-polycyclic polyethers, macro-monocyclic or macro-polycyclic amino polyethers, and mixtures of these values, in their free or proton salt form to form a reaction product of the heavy hydrogen cation with the value or value salt and bring about enrichment of deuterium and/or tritium in the reaction product. The reaction product containing the value or value salt is separated from the solution. The separated reaction product is treated to release the hydrogen isotope(s) to be enriched in the form of deuterium oxide (HDO) and/or tritium oxide (HTO) by regenerating ...

DUAL TEMPERATURE EXCHANGE SYSTEMS

Improvements in the dual temperature exchange system wherein the feed supply substance traverses selected portions of one of the two temperature zones, said selected portions being correlated with the availability and/or cost of a supply of the feed substance concerned; e.g. (A) When a large supply of feed substance is available at relatively low cost, advantages are realized by directing at least a part of the feed-to-disposal path through only the region of the impoverishing tower wherein the feed substance has a concentration less than or substantially not greater than the concentration of the feed supply; (B) Where a limited supply or a high cost supply of feed substance is involved or a high degree of extraction of the desired material from the feed supply of substance is desired, advantages are realized by employing cyclic circulation not only of the auxiliary fluid but also of the fluid maintained in exchange relation thereto, with correlated provision for enriching the two circulating ...

PROCESS FOR THE EXTRACTION OF TRITIUM FROM HEAVY WATER

CONCENTRATION OF TRITIUM HYDROXIDE AND/OR DI-TRITIUM OXIDE AND ELECTROLYSIS

MEANS FOR SEPARATING ISOTOPES OF HYDROGEN BASED ON THE PRINCIPLE OF GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR TRITIUM RECOVERY

The invention provides a new high temperature isotopic exchange fuel processing loop for tritium recovery in which tritium is exchanged out of impurities such as tritiated ammonia, methane and water by swamping with Ha and isotopically equilibrating the mixture in a high temperature reactor. Downstream of the reactor is a Pd/Ag permeator for separation of the hydrogen from the impurities, the separated hydrogen being sent to an isotope separation system for tritium recovery and the residual impurities being recycled. The process eliminates the need for impurity oxidation and electrolysis of DTO and does not rely on complicated catalytic decomposition reactions.

Verfahren zur Gewinnung von schwerem Wasser.

Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Deuterium (D2)

Verfahren zur Gewinnung von mit Deuterium angereichertem Wasser oder Wasserstoff

Procédé d'enrichissement d'ammonium en deutérium par échange isotopique monotherme NH3-H2

Stoffaustauschkolonne

Stoffaustauschkolonne

Procédé d'enrichissement en deutérium d'un composé hydrogéné

Trennelement

Verfahren zur Gewinnung von schwerem Wasser

Verfahren zur Anreicherung eines Austauschmittels an Deuterium durch Austausch bei zwei verschiedenen Temperaturen

Wasserstoffdestillierungsanlage

Procédé d'enrichissement isotopique et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé

Nouveau procédé pour le fractionnement isotopique de l'hydrogène

Procédé pour la préparation d'ammoniac enrichi en ammoniac deutéré

Plateau pour colonne de contact entre un gaz et un liquide

Procédé de saturation par contact direct d'une phase gazeuse par de la vapeur d'un liquide chargé d'un composé complémentaire non volatil et application de ce procédé

Procédé et dispositif pour produire du deutérium par distillation d'hydrogène

Verfahren zur Hervorrufung des Deuteriumaustauschs zwischen Wasserstoff und Ammoniak

Verfahren zum Komprimieren der schwereren Isotope des Wasserstoffes, Deuterium und Tritium

Geformter Körper mit Aufnahmevermögen für Wasserstoff und Verfahren zur Herstellung dieses Formkörpers

Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Verbesserung des Wärmeentzuges aus einem Flüssigkeitsdampf enthaltenden, abzukühlenden Gasstrom

Procédé pour produire de l'ammoniac deutéré

Procédé pour la préparation d'hydrogène enrichi en deutérium

Verfahren und Anlage zur Gewinnung von mit Deuterium angereichertem Wasser

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON MIT DEUTERIUM ANGEREICHERTEM WASSER ODER WASSERSTOFF.

DEUTERIUM-AUSTAUSCHVERFAHREN.

VERFAHREN UND ANLAGE ZUR GEWINNUNG EINES MIT DEUTERIUM ANGEREICHERTEN EINSPEISESTROMES FUER EINE ANLAGE ZUR GEWINNUNG VON SCHWEREM WASSER.

Verfahren zur Gewinnung von schwerem Wasserstoff

Procédé pour la polymérisation de monomères

Procédé d'enrichissement d'ammoniac en deutérium par échange isotopique monotherme

Anordnung zur Erleichterung des Eintritts und Austritts von Wasserstoff in ein Metall

Stoffaustauschkolonne

Procédé d'échange isotopique monotherme

Procédé d'enrichissement isotopique par échange isotopique à contre-courant entre l'ammoniac liquide et l'hydrogéne gazeux

Procédé de préparation d'une masse frittée, masse frittée résultant du procédé et utilisation de ladite masse frittée

Procédé et appareillage pour retirer le protonium et le tritium de l'eau lourde d'un réacteur nucléaire

Procédé et installation de dosage du deutérium dans les composés hydrogènes

Abtrennvorrichtung für Destillations-, Extraktions-, Absorptions- oder Austauschverfahren

Deuterium concentrating plant - from a medium contg at least hydrogen

The medium is first fed to a multi-stage cascaded enrichment plant and then used in the prodn of heavy water The temp. dependence of the balance constant of two phases and/or materials in reciprocal isotope interchange is made use of in a set of three pairs of exchanger columns, the first of each pair being at a first temp. and the second at a second temp. A common circuit for material being enriched or depleted is used to link each pair alternately and the enrichment-depletion process of the carrier media is linked with the flow of deuterium in cross-linking circuits between pairs. The various feed and flow ratios at successive stages are equal or approx. so, to the ratio of the two balance constants at the two above temps. for each phase or material concerned. Relatively cheap and compact plant compared with those operating at single temp.

Procédé de ré-enrichissement de l'hydrogène appauvri en deutérium dans une installation de production de produits deutérés, et notamment d'eau lourde

Procédé d'échange isotopique de l'hydrogène

Procédé d'échange isotopique de l'hydrogène

Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Messung und Überwachung des Tritiumgehaltes von Wasser

Verfahren und Anlage zum Beladen eines Wasserstoff rein oder als Gemischkomponente enthaltenden Gases mit Deuterium

Concn of deuterium using ammonia - in counter-current circulating system contg. scrubbers, synthesizer and cracking unit

To increase the deuterium concn. in a cpd. contg. hydrogen, a gas mixt. contg. H2 is treated in an isotope exchange process with a liq. contg. amine(s) so that the liq. becomes enriched in deuterium (D) which is then transferred from the liq. to NH3 synthesized from a gas mixt. depleted of (D). The enriched ammonia is then cracked into its constituents and treated with the liq. and the gas mixt. contg. H2 is fed in to replace the (D) while the prod. contg. the enriched (D) is removed from the system between the isotope exchange and the transfer unit. The pref. plant uses two circulating systems operating in counter current using scrubbers, synthesis- and cracking-units and a transfer unit. This process permits a considerable redn. in the vol. of the liq. and gaseous phases employed and hence smaller scrubbing towers can be used.

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ISOTOPES OF THE HYDROGEN BY PHOTODISSOZIATION.

PROCESS FOR EXTRACTION OF TRITIUM RIVER HEAVY LIQUID.

DEVICE FOR THE CATALYTIC OXIDATION FROM DEUTERIUM TO HEAVY WATER.

APPARATUS FOR DISPOSAL AND RECOVERY OF TRITIUM PRESENT IN WATERS HEAVY AND LIGHT.

PROCEDURE FOR THE INCREASE OF THE DEUTERIUM CONTENT IN THE HYDROGEN WITH THE PRODUCTION A HYDROGEN OF A CONTAINING GAS.

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF WITH DEUTERIUM ENRICHED WATER WITH THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN.

Method for separating at least one heavy isotope from a hydrogen-containing medium

ЛИНИЯ ПО ПОЛУЧЕНИЮ ВОДЫ С ПОНИЖЕННЫМ СОДЕРЖАНИЕМ ДЕЙТЕРИЯ

Линия по получению воды с пониженным содержанием дейтерия, содержащая электролизер, осушитель электролизных газов, преобразователь электролизных газов в воду, конденсатор паров воды и сборник обедненной дейтерием воды, отличающаяся тем, что электролизер выполнен в виде двух газодиффузионных водородных электродов, а линия дополнительно снабжена питателем дистиллированной воды, связанным с парогенератором, который связан по паропроводу с колонной противоточного каталитического изотопного обмена, включенной в водородопровод между катодом и анодом электролизера, при этом колонна соединена паропроводом с конденсатором паров воды и далее со сборником. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 128 127 U1 (51) МПК B01D 59/40 (2006.01) C01B 4/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ 2013101183/05, 10.01.2013 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 10.01.2013 (45) Опубликовано: 20.05.2013 Бюл. № 14 (73) Патентообладатель(и): Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Южный научный центр Российской академии наук (ЮНЦ РАН) (RU), Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Кубанский государственный университет" (ФГБОУ ВПО "КубГУ") (RU) U 1 1 2 8 1 2 7 R U Формула полезной модели Линия по получению воды с пониженным содержанием дейтерия, содержащая электролизер, осушитель электролизных газов, преобразователь электролизных газов в воду, конденсатор паров воды и сборник обедненной дейтерием воды, отличающаяся тем, что электролизер выполнен в виде двух газодиффузионных водородных электродов, а линия дополнительно снабжена питателем дистиллированной воды, связанным с парогенератором, который связан по паропроводу с колонной противоточного каталитического изотопного обмена, включенной в водородопровод между катодом и анодом электролизера, при этом колонна соединена паропроводом с конденсатором паров воды и далее со сборником. ...

ЛИНИЯ ЭЛЕКТРОЛИТИЧЕСКОГО ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ВОДЫ С ПОНИЖЕННЫМ СОДЕРЖАНИЕМ ДЕЙТЕРИЯ

Линия электролитического получения воды с пониженным содержанием дейтерия, включающая электролизер, осушитель электролизных газов, разделитель газовой смеси, преобразователь электролизных газов в воду в виде низкотемпературного водород-кислородного топливного элемента, электрически соединенный с электролизером для частичной компенсации энергозатрат в процессе электролиза, конденсатор паров воды и сборник обедненной дейтерием воды, отличающаяся тем, что преобразователь электролизных газов в воду совмещен с разделителем газовой смеси и выполнен в виде топливного элемента с диффузионным анодом каталитически селективным по отношению к водороду и диффузионным катодом каталитически селективным по отношению к кислороду, при этом между осушителем газовой смеси и топливным элементом установлен обратный клапан для рециркуляции газовой смеси, а анодное и катодное газовые пространства топливного элемента разделены другим обратным клапаном для улучшения коэффициента использования газов. И 1 134442 ко РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ 7 ВУ‘’” 134 442? Ц1 ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ИЗВЕЩЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ НА ПОЛЕЗНУЮ МОДЕЛЬ ММ9К Досрочное прекращение действия патента из-за неуплаты в установленный срок пошлины за поддержание патента в силе Дата прекращения действия патента: 17.07.2020 Дата внесения записи в Государственный реестр: 11.05.2021 Дата публикации и номер бюллетеня: 11.05.2021 Бюл. №14 Стр.: 1 па СУУТУЗЬ ЕП

ЛИНИЯ ПО ПОЛУЧЕНИЮ ОБЕДНЕННОЙ ДЕЙТЕРИЕМ ВОДЫ

Линия по получению обедненной дейтерием воды, содержащая блок питания, электролизер с механически разделенными катодным и анодным пространствами и сборник обедненной дейтерием воды, отличающаяся тем, что она дополнительно содержит второй идентичный первому электролизер, электрически включенный параллельно с ним, а катодные пространства электролизеров соединены между собой трубопроводом, замкнутым по контуру, который содержит насос, образуя циркуляционный контур католита, причем анодные пространства электролизеров параллельно связаны между собой и соединены с линией подачи исходной воды, а газовые выходы анодных пространств каждого электролизера соединены водородопроводами с газовыми входами катодных пространств противоположных электролизеров, при этом выход анодного пространства одного из электролизеров связан со сборником обедненной дейтерием воды, а другого - со сливом обогащенной дейтерием воды. И 1 138803 ко РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ ВУ” 138 803” 44 ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ИЗВЕЩЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ НА ПОЛЕЗНУЮ МОДЕЛЬ ММ9К Досрочное прекращение действия патента из-за неуплаты в установленный срок пошлины за поддержание патента в силе Дата прекращения действия патента: 06.11.2019 Дата внесения записи в Государственный реестр: 26.08.2020 Дата публикации и номер бюллетеня: 26.08.2020 Бюл. №24 Стр.: 1 па 5038851 ЕП

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ОБРАБОТКИ ВОДЫ

1. Устройство для обработки воды, включающее корпус с патрубками подвода воды и отвода отрабатываемой воды, патрубком слива шлама, клапаном сброса парогазовой смеси, коаксиально расположенными электродами, выполненными из токопроводящего объемно-пористого материала, гранулированной фильтрующей загрузкой, имеющей сорбционную активность к содержащимся в воде загрязняющим веществам, отличающееся тем, что снабжено, по меньшей мере, одной емкостью высокого давления с углекислым газом, с возможностью подачи из емкости высокого давления в корпус устройства под давлением углекислого газа и/или воды, насыщенной углекислым газом, включает насос и эжектор, последовательно установленные на трубопроводе подачи исходной воды, соединенным с установкой озоноультрафиолетовой обработки воды, которая, в свою очередь, соединена через патрубок подвода воды с корпусом устройства, при этом клапан сброса парогазовой смеси связан трубопроводом с эжектором. 2. Устройство для обработки воды по п. 1, отличающееся тем, что емкость высокого давления с углекислым газом соединена с корпусом устройства через патрубок слива шлама и распылительной головкой, установленной в корпусе у входа в патрубок слива. 3. Устройство для обработки воды по п. 1, отличающееся тем, что емкость высокого давления с углекислым газом соединена с корпусом устройства через сатуратор, установленный на патрубке подачи воды в корпус устройства. 4. Устройство для обработки воды по п. 1, отличающееся тем, что емкость высокого давления с углекислым газом соединена с корпусом устройства с помощью эжектора, расположенного на патрубке подачи воды в корпус устройства. И 1 152474 ко РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ 7 ВУ‘’” 152 474? 91 ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ИЗВЕЩЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ НА ПОЛЕЗНУЮ МОДЕЛЬ ММ9К Досрочное прекращение действия патента из-за неуплаты в установленный срок пошлины за поддержание патента в силе Дата прекращения действия патента: 13.01.2020 Дата внесения записи в Государственный реестр: 07.10. ...

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ НАСЫЩЕНИЯ ОБРАЗЦОВ МАТЕРИАЛОВ ИЗОТОПАМИ ВОДОРОДА

Полезная модель относится к вакуумной технике, области хранения и выделения изотопов водорода и может быть использована в составе газовых установок высокого и низкого давления для исследования взаимодействия газов (в т.ч. радиоактивных) с материалами (металлами и их сплавами). В случае насыщения образцов материалов тритием (тритировании) длительной выдержки и последующей детритизации данное устройство может быть использовано для наработки гелия-3 (Не). Техническим результатом полезной модели является создание безопасного и универсального автономного устройства, позволяющего проводить насыщение образцов материалов (металлов и их сплавов) в газовой среде изотопами водорода (в т.ч. радиоактивными). Для достижения этого результата предложено устройство для насыщения образцов материалов изотопами водорода, состоящее из герметичного корпуса с крышкой, внутри которого размещена ячейка высокого давления с образцом, нагревателя, соединенного с кабельным вводом, установленным на крышке снаружи устройства, при этом нагреватель расположен вокруг ячейки, внутренняя полость которой соединена с клапаном и манометром высокого давления, расположенными снаружи на крышке устройства. 1 ил. Ц 171739 ко РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ 7 ВУ"? 171 739? 91 ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ИЗВЕЩЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ НА ПОЛЕЗНУЮ МОДЕЛЬ МЕЭК Восстановление действия патента Дата, с которой действие патента восстановлено: 20.01.2020 Дата внесения записи в Государственный реестр: 20.01.2020 Дата публикации и номер бюллетеня: 20.01.2020 Бюл. №2 Стр.: 1 па бд ЕП

УСТАНОВКА ДЛЯ ОЧИСТКИ ТЯЖЕЛОЙ ВОДЫ ОТ ТРИТИЯ И ПРОТИЯ

Полезная модель относится к области разделения изотопов легких элементов и предназначена для очистки тяжелой воды ядерного реактора от радиоактивного изотопа водорода трития и легкого изотопа водорода - протия. Устройство содержит пять колонн изотопного обмена вода - водород с гидрофобным катализатором, криогенную колонну ректификации водорода, электролизер, емкости для сбора воды разного изотопного состава. Узлы установки связаны между собой магистралью подачи воды и магистралью подачи газообразного водорода. Технический результат заключается в повышении безопасности устройства и расширении его функциональных возможностей без увеличения энергоемкости. Новым является то, что процесс изотопного обмена вода - водород в заявляемом устройстве организован без применения взрывоопасного узла сжигания водорода. Устройство является многофункциональным, т.к. предназначено для очистки тяжелой воды реактора, и одновременно для переработки тяжеловодных отходов без увеличения энергетических затрат на разложение дополнительно вводимой воды нереакторной - тяжеловодные отходы. Это отличает заявляемое устройство от известных устройств. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 174 134 U1 (51) МПК B01D 59/00 (2006.01) C02F 9/00 (2006.01) B01D 3/00 (2006.01) C01B 4/00 (2006.01) C01B 5/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2017104756, 14.02.2017 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 14.02.2017 Дата регистрации: (73) Патентообладатель(и): Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение "Петербургский институт ядерной физики им. Б.П. Константинова" (RU) Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 14.02.2017 (45) Опубликовано: 03.10.2017 Бюл. № 28 U 1 S.D., FEDORCHENKO O.A., and al, "Development of heavy water detritiation plant for PIK reactor", Fusion Science and Technology, 2005, vol. 48, p. 286 - 289. RU 2060801 C1, 27.05.1996. R U (54) УСТАНОВКА ДЛЯ ОЧИСТКИ ТЯЖЕЛОЙ ВОДЫ ОТ ТРИТИЯ И ПРОТИЯ (57) ...

КОНТАКТНОЕ УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ИЗОТОПНОГО ОБМЕНА ГАЗА С ВОДОЙ

Изобретение относится к контактным устройствам для разделения изотопов водорода (протий, дейтерий, тритий) и кислорода (кислород-16, 17, 18). Цель изобретения - повышение эффективности изотопного обмена водорода или углекислого газа на единицу объема контактного устройства. Указанная цель достигается тем, что за счет использования в контактном устройстве трубчатых мембран, проницаемых для молекул воды, уменьшена величина диффузионного слоя в жидкостном пространстве и каталитическом слое между наружной поверхностью мембраны и поверхностью гранулы катализатора и увеличена суммарная поверхность мембраны в расчете на единицу объема контактного устройства по сравнению с прототипом. И 1 186241 ко РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ 7 ВУ‘’” 186 241?” 91 ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ИЗВЕЩЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ НА ПОЛЕЗНУЮ МОДЕЛЬ ММ9К Досрочное прекращение действия патента из-за неуплаты в установленный срок пошлины за поддержание патента в силе Дата прекращения действия патента: 22.01.2019 Дата внесения записи в Государственный реестр: 25.03.2020 Дата публикации и номер бюллетеня: 25.03.2020 Бюл. №9 Стр.: 1 па РУСЭЗ ЕП

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING HYDROGEN OR HEAVY HYDROGENS, AND HYDROGENATION (PROTIATION, DEUTERATION OR TRITIATION) OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS USING SAME

An object is to provide a process for providing hydrogen or heavy hydrogens conveniently without the necessity of large-scale equipment and a process capable of performing hydrogenation (protiation, deuteration or tritiation) reaction conveniently without the use of an expensive reagent and a special catalyst. The production process includes a process for producing hydrogen or heavy hydrogens, containing subjecting water or heavy water to mechanochemical reaction in the presence of a catalyst metal, and a process for producing a hydrogenated (protiated, deuterated or tritiated) organic compound, containing subjecting an organic compound and water or heavy water to mechanochemical reaction in the presence of a catalyst metal. 13-. (canceled)4. A process for producing a protiated , deuterated or tritiated organic compound , the process comprising mechanochemically reacting an organic compound with water or heavy water in the presence of a catalyst metal.5. The process of claim 4 , wherein the mechanochemically reacting is performed with a planetary ball mill.6. The process of claim 4 , wherein the catalyst metal comprises a transition metal.7. The process of claim 4 , wherein the organic compound comprises a halogen claim 4 , and the protiated claim 4 , deuterated or tritiated organic compound is a dehalogenated organic compound.8. A process for protiating claim 4 , deuterating or tritiating an organic compound claim 4 , the process comprising mechanochemically reacting an organic compound with water or heavy water in the presence of a catalyst metal.9. The process of claim 8 , wherein the mechanochemically reacting is performed with a planetary ball mill.10. The process of claim 8 , wherein the catalyst metal comprises a transition metal.11. A process for dehalogenating an organic compound comprising a halogen claim 8 , the process comprising mechanochemically reacting an organic compound comprising a halogen with water or heavy water in the presence of a catalyst ...

DEVICE FOR GENERATING SOLID HYDROGEN- AND/OR DEUTERIUM-BASED TARGETS

The device for performing continuous deposition of a solid hydrogen and/or deuterium film includes a cell provided with a control valve for controlling the flowrate of the gas inlet to the cell, a strip, and means for moving the strip in the cell. The device includes a pumping device placing a volume of the cell, through which the strip passes, at a first pressure, and a heat exchanger arranging the strip in said volume at a first temperature. To adjust the pressure, the device further includes a control circuit of the pumping device and of the control valve, adjusting the first pressure so as to condense a solid hydrogen and/or deuterium film on the strip in movement in said volume. 1. A device for performing continuous deposition of a film of solid hydrogen or deuterium , or of a mixture of the two , comprising:a cell provided with first and second openings, and with an inlet opening of the hydrogen and/or deuterium or of the mixture in gas phase into the cell; the flowrate of the gas inlet to the cell being adjusted viaa control valve configured to control a flowrate provided by the inlet opening;a strip passing through the cell via the first and second openings, the strip being configured to move in the cell from the first opening to the second opening;at least one pump configured to place a volume of the cell, through which the strip passes, at a first pressure;a first heat exchanger configured to maintain the strip in said volume of the cell at a first cryogenic temperature;a control circuit of the at least one pump and of the control valve configured to adjust the first pressure to a higher value than the value of the saturated steam pressure of the hydrogen or deuterium or of a mixture of the two at the first cryogenic temperature, so as to respectively condense a solid film of hydrogen and/or deuterium or of a mixture of the two on the strip in movement in said volume of the cell.2. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the first heat exchanger is ...

System and method for supplying hydrogen and deuterium to lenr and e-cat based energy generating systems

An approach for supplying hydrogen and/or deuterium to LENR and E-Cat based energy generating systems includes receiving a source material that is rich in hydrogen and/or deuterium. A gaseous form of at least one of those elements is extracted from the source material via electrochemical dissociation, hydrocarbon recovery, or a suitable mechanical process. The gaseous form of the element is preferably filtered to remove water vapor and other impurities before being pressurized and supplied to the energy generating system. Advantages of the approach include enhanced safety and system portability due to elimination of a need for pressurized gas storage tanks.

PROCESSES AND APPARATUSES FOR RECLAMATION AND PURIFICATION OF TRITIUM

Provided are processes and systems for the reclamation of tritium from a tritiated byproduct material. A liquid organic tritium containing material is subjected to a series of reactions to isolate purified tritium gas that can be used in subsequent tritiation reactions. The processes involve in some aspects a semi-automated system that subjects a byproduct liquid organic tritium containing material to an oxidation to produce tritiated water, a chemical splitting of the tritiated water to form a tritiated gas that is substantially free of oxygen or other contaminants, and the isolation of purified tritium gas from hydrogen containing HT gas. The processes and systems provided substantially reduce both the cost to produce tritium source material for labeling of organic molecules and the amount of byproduct that requires disposal. 1. A process of reclaiming tritium from a tritium containing byproduct stream comprising:oxidizing a tritium containing organic material for an oxidation time and at an oxidation temperature to produce tritiated water;splitting said tritiated water to a solid oxygen containing species and a tritiated gas species; andtrapping said tritiated gas species.2. The process of further comprising evaporating and condensing said tritiated water to produce a purified tritiated water claim 1 , and subjecting said purified tritiated water to said step of splitting.3. The process of wherein said step of oxidizing comprises contacting said tritium containing organic material with purified oxygen.4. The process of wherein said oxidation temperature is in excess of 100 degrees Celsius.5. The process of wherein said oxidation temperature is in excess of 300 degrees Celsius.6. The process of wherein said oxidation temperature is from 490 degrees Celsius to 590 degrees Celsius.7. The process of wherein said step of oxidizing is in the presence of a catalyst.8. The process of wherein said oxidation time is 7 to 14 hours.9. The process of wherein said oxidation ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING HYDROGEN OR HEAVY HYDROGENS, METHOD FOR PRODUCING HYDROGENATED (PROTIATED, DEUTERATED OR TRITIATED) ORGANIC COMPOUND, METHOD FOR HYDROGENATING (PROTIATING, DEUTERATING OR TRITIATING) ORGANIC COMPOUND, METHOD FOR DEHALOGENATING ORGANIC COMPOUND HAVING HALOGEN, AND BALL FOR USE IN MECHANOCHEMICAL REACTION

Objects are to provide efficient methods for producing hydrogen or heavy hydrogens and for hydrogenating (protiating, deuterating or tritiating) an organic compound, and to provide an equipment and the like used therefor. A method for producing hydrogen or heavy hydrogens, containing subjecting water or heavy water to mechanochemical reaction in the presence of a catalyst metal, in which an energy density of a rotational acceleration of 75 G or more is applied to water or heavy water for 25 minutes or more, a method for producing a hydrogenated (protiated, deuterated or tritiated) organic compound, a method for hydrogenating (protiating, deuterating or tritiating) an organic compound, a method for dehalogenating an organic compound having halogen, and a ball for mechanochemical reaction are provided. 1. A method for producing hydrogen or heavy hydrogens , comprising subjecting water or heavy water to mechanochemical reaction in the presence of a catalyst metal , wherein an energy density of a rotational acceleration of 75 G or more is applied to the water or heavy water for 25 minutes or more.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the mechanochemical reaction is performed with a planetary ball mill.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst metal comprises a transition metal.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a conversion rate of water or heavy water to hydrogen or heavy hydrogens is 60% or more.5. A ball claim 1 , comprising a catalyst metal on at least a part of a surface of the ball claim 1 ,wherein the ball is suitable for use in a mechanochemical reaction.6. The ball according to claim 5 , wherein the ball comprises a material selected from the group consisting of stainless steel claim 5 , agate claim 5 , alumina claim 5 , tungsten carbide claim 5 , chrome steel claim 5 , zirconia and silicon nitride.7. The ball according to claim 5 , wherein the catalyst metal comprises at least one transition metal selected from the group ...

MULTICOMPONENT PLASMONIC PHOTOCATALYSTS CONSISTING OF A PLASMONIC ANTENNA AND A REACTIVE CATALYTIC SURFACE: THE ANTENNA-REACTOR EFFECT

A multicomponent photocatalyst includes a reactive component optically, electronically, or thermally coupled to a plasmonic material. A method of performing a catalytic reaction includes loading a multicomponent photocatalyst including a reactive component optically, electronically, or thermally coupled to a plasmonic material into a reaction chamber; introducing molecular reactants into the reaction chamber; and illuminating the reaction chamber with a light source. 1. (canceled)2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. (canceled)8. (canceled)9. (canceled)10. (canceled)11. (canceled)12. (canceled)13. (canceled)14. (canceled)15. (canceled)16. (canceled)17. (canceled)18. (canceled)19. (canceled)20. (canceled)21. (canceled)22. A multicomponent photocatalyst comprising:a reactive component optically, electronically, or thermally coupled to a plasmonic material, wherein the reactive component is alloyed at the surface of the plasmonic material.23. The multicomponent photocatalyst of claim 22 , wherein the plasmonic material is selected from gold (Au) claim 22 , silver (Ag) claim 22 , copper (Cu) claim 22 , aluminum (Al) claim 22 , alloys thereof claim 22 , TiN claim 22 , or doped semiconductors.24. The multicomponent photocatalyst of claim 22 , wherein the plasmonic material is a 2-dimensional material.25. The multicomponent photocatalyst of claim 22 , wherein a molar ratio of the plasmonic material to the reactive component may be between 1000:1 to 10:1.26. The multicomponent photocatalyst of claim 22 , wherein the plasmonic material has a plasmon resonance at a wavelength between 180 nm and 10 microns.27. The multicomponent photocatalyst of claim 22 , wherein the plasmonic material has a plasmon resonance at a wavelength between about 380 nm-760 nm of the electromagnetic spectrum.28. The multicomponent photocatalyst of claim 22 , wherein the plasmonic material has at least one dimension with a size between about 1 nm and 300 nm.29. The ...

Decontamination of Tritiated Water

Methods and systems directed to the separation of tritium from an aqueous stream are described. The separation method is a multi-stage method that includes a first stage during which tritium of a tritium-contaminated aqueous stream is adsorbed onto a separation phase, a second stage during which the adsorbed tritium is exchanged with hydrogen in a gaseous stream to provide a gaseous stream with a high tritium concentration, and a third stage during which the tritium of the gaseous stream is separated from the gaseous stream as a gaseous tritium product.

SYSTEM AND METHODOLOGY UTILIZING A GETTER BASED STORAGE SYSTEM

A technique may be employed to facilitate manufacturing/processing of generator tubes for use in a variety of logging applications. A getter-based gas storage chamber is provided with a getter able to adsorb a desired gas such as a deuterium and/or tritium gas. The getter-based gas storage chamber may be connected with a neutron tube via a gas flow network and a releasable coupling. The gas, e.g. deuterium and/or tritium gas, is released by heating the getter. The gas is allowed to flow through the gas flow network and into the neutron tube. 1. A system , comprising:a getter-based storage chamber containing a getter, the getter-based storage chamber being configured to store and release at least one of deuterium and tritium;a neutron tube;a manifold coupled to the neutron tube;a flow network coupled between the manifold and the getter-based storage chamber to enable flow of gas between the getter-based storage chamber and the manifold; anda releasable coupling positioned between the manifold and the getter-based storage chamber to enable disconnection of the getter-based storage chamber.2. The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the flow network comprises a plurality of valves closable to block flow of gas along the flow network.3. The system as recited in claim 2 , wherein the plurality of valves comprises at least one valve between the releasable coupling and the manifold and at least one valve between the releasable coupling and the getter-based storage chamber.4. The system as recited in claim 3 , wherein the plurality of valves comprises three valves.5. The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the getter comprises a porous sintered material with dispersed particles having gas adsorbed on the dispersed particles.6. The system as recited in wherein the gas adsorbed on the dispersed particles comprises either deuterium or tritium.7. The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the neutron tube is part of a pulsed neutron generator.8. The system as recited in ...

METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR DEUTERIUM RECOVERY

Novel methods, systems, and apparatuses for reclaiming annealing gases from a high pressure annealing processing system are disclosed. According to an embodiment, the exhaust gasses from the high pressure annealing processing system are directed into a gas reclaiming system only when a precious gas, e.g., deuterium is used. The annealing gas is the separated from other gasses used in the high pressure annealing processing system and is then pressurized, filtered, and purified prior to transferring the gas to a bulk storage distribution unit. In one embodiment, the reclaimed gas is then again provided to the high pressure annealing processing system to anneal the wafers. 1. A method of reclaiming at least a first annealing gas from an exhaust of a high pressure annealing processing system used to anneal a plurality of substrates in a semiconductor manufacturing process comprising:receiving a signal about the presence of at least the first annealing gas in the high pressure annealing processing system;purging a gas reclaiming system with a second gas;directing the at least first annealing gas to the gas reclaiming system, wherein the at least first annealing gas and the second gas are mixed together to form a mixture of a plurality of gases in the gas reclaiming system;after the directing, separating the plurality of gases in a gas separating unit of the gas reclaiming system, wherein the gas separating unit substantially separates the at least first annealing gas from the plurality of gasses to yield a separated annealing gas;conveying the separated annealing gas to a heat exchange unit of the gas reclaiming system;testing the separated annealing gas in a gas monitoring system of the gas reclaiming system to monitor the quality of the separated annealing gas, wherein if the separated annealing gas has a concentration of the at least first annealing gas below a predetermined threshold:conveying the separated annealing gas back to the gas separating unit to reprocess ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR BREEDING TRITIUM FROM LITHIUM USING A NEUTRON GENERATOR

A system and method for producing tritium are disclosed. The system includes at least one neutron generator configured to generate neutrons. The system further includes at least one target comprising a lithium-containing material. The at least one target is configured to be irradiated by at least some of the neutrons and to produce tritium. The system further includes at least one collection structure configured to receive at least some of the tritium from the at least one target. The at least one collection structure comprises at least one gas conduit having an input configured to receive a carrier gas and an output configured to allow the carrier gas and the received tritium to flow out of the at least one gas conduit after the carrier gas has flowed along the at least one target. 1. A system for producing tritium , the system comprising:at least one neutron generator configured to generate neutrons;at least one target comprising a lithium-containing material, the at least one target configured to be irradiated by at least some of the neutrons and to produce tritium; andat least one collection structure configured to receive at least some of the tritium from the at least one target, the at least one collection structure comprising at least one gas conduit having an input configured to receive a carrier gas and an output configured to allow the carrier gas and the received tritium to flow out of the at least one gas conduit after the carrier gas has flowed along the at least one target.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the lithium-containing material comprises lithium metal or lithium oxide having an isotope abundance ratio of Li:Li equal to or greater than 7.5:92.5.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one neutron generator comprises at least one limitless-life neutron generator.4. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:at least one neutron multiplier configured to generate neutrons in response to being irradiated by neutrons; andat least one ...

ISOTOPE SEPARATION METHODS AND SYSTEMS

Methods and systems for the separation of isotopes from an aqueous stream are described as can be utilized in one embodiment to remove and recover tritium from contaminated water. Methods include counter-current flow of an aqueous stream on either side of a separation membrane. The separation membrane includes an isotope selective layer (e.g., graphene) and an ion conductive supporting layer (e.g., Nafion®). An electronic driving force encourages passage of isotopes selectively across the membrane to enrich the flow in the isotopes. 1. A process for removal and recovery of an isotope from an aqueous source , the method comprising:contacting a first side of a separation membrane with a first aqueous flow, the first aqueous flow comprising an isotope, the first aqueous flow passing from a first end of the separation membrane to the second end of the separation membrane and in contact with the first side of the separation membrane, the separation membrane comprising an isotope selective layer and an ion conductive supportive layer;contacting a second, opposite side of the separation membrane with a second aqueous flow, the second aqueous flow being counter-current to the first aqueous flow and passing from the second end of the separation membrane to the first end of the separation membrane and in contact with the second side of the separation membrane; andapplying a voltage across the separation membrane from the first side of the separation membrane to the second side of the separation membrane, the voltage providing a driving force to selectively conduct the isotope across the separation membrane.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising circulating the first aqueous flow to the second aqueous flow and the second aqueous flow to the first aqueous flow in a recirculation path.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising feeding a feed stream into the first or second aqueous flow.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising pulling at least one product stream ...

Deuterium-Substituted Oxazepin Compounds

Described are deuterium-substituted oxazepin compounds of structural Formula I, which are inhibitors/blockers of the late sodium current. Also described are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the deuterium-substituted oxazepin compounds, and methods of use thereof. 2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Rand Rare deuterium.3. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R-Rand R-Rare deuterium.4. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R-Rand R-Rare deuterium.5. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R-R claim 1 , R-R claim 1 , and R-Rare deuterium.6. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R-Rare deuterium.7. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R-Rare deuterium.8. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R-Rare deuterium.9. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Rand Rare hydrogen.10. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Rand Rare hydrogen.11. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R-Rare hydrogen.14. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt that is a hydrochloride claim 1 , a hydrobromide claim 1 , a sulfate claim 1 , a formate claim 1 , an acetate claim 1 , a fumarate claim 1 , a citrate claim 1 , a tartrate claim 1 , a mesylate claim 1 , a tosylate claim 1 , or a besylate.15. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound has deuterium enrichment of at least about 10% in at least one of the positions R-Rin the compound of Formula I.16. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.17. A method of treating or preventing a late sodium current-mediated disorder claim 1 , the method comprising administering claim 1 , to a patient in need thereof claim 1 , a therapeutically effective amount of the compound of .18. A method of treating or preventing a late sodium current-mediated disorder claim 16 , the method comprising administering claim 16 , to a patient in need thereof claim 16 , the pharmaceutical composition of .19. The method of claim 17 , wherein the late sodium current-mediated disorder is acute coronary ...

MEMBRANE ELECTRODE FOR ABSORBING TRITIUM AND METHOD FOR RECOVERING TRITIUM

Tritium is isolated and recovered from tritium-containing water by a membrane electrode including a manganese oxide having a spinel crystal structure and containing hydrogen ions or lithium ions and having one surface coated with a membrane of an ion conductive material. 1. A membrane electrode for absorbing tritium to separate and trap tritium from tritium-containing water , the membrane electrode comprising:a manganese oxide having a spinel crystal structure and containing hydrogen ions or lithium ions fixed on a conductive material surface to form a membrane electrode; anda hydrogen-ion conductive film coated on one side of the membrane electrode.2. A method for separating tritium from water , comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'bringing tritium-containing water in contact with the membrane electrode according to ; and'}supplying hydrogen ions to the hydrogen-ion conductive film coated on one side of the membrane electrode, to separate and trap tritium from the tritium-containing water.3. The method for separating tritium from water according to claim 2 , whereinthe tritium-containing water brought in contact with the membrane electrode has a pH range from weak acidity to alkalinity.4. The method for separating tritium from water according to claim 2 , whereinthe hydrogen ions are supplied through contacting with dilute acid.5. The method for separating tritium from water according to claim 2 , further comprising:circulating the tritium-containing water brought in contact with the membrane electrode to bring the tritium-containing water into contact with the membrane electrode again.6. A method for separating and recovering tritium from water claim 2 , comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00002', 'claim 2'}, 'the steps included in the method according to ; and'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'bringing the membrane electrode trapping tritium into contact with acidic water (HO, HDO, DO) to release tritium.'}7. A method for separating and recovering ...

Dehydrogenation Catalyst for Formic Acid, Method for Producing Hydrogen, and Method for Producing Deuterium Gas or Deuterated Hydrogen

To provide a catalyst for dehydrogenation of formic acid which allows hydrogen, heavy hydrogen gas or heavy-hydrogenated hydrogen containing no carbon monoxide to be produced through dehydrogenation of formic acid in a highly efficient manner. 2. The catalyst for dehydrogenation of formic acid according to claim 1 , wherein Mand Meach independently denote iridium claim 1 , rhodium claim 1 , ruthenium claim 1 , cobalt claim 1 , osmium claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , iron claim 1 , palladium or platinum.3. The catalyst for dehydrogenation of formic acid according to claim 1 , wherein Mand Mdenote iridium.4. The catalyst for dehydrogenation of formic acid according to claim 1 , wherein Land Leach independently denote pentamethylcyclopentadienyl or hexamethylbenzene.5. The catalyst for dehydrogenation of formic acid according to claim 1 , wherein Yand Yeach independently denote a water molecule claim 1 , a hydrogen atom claim 1 , a heavy hydrogen atom claim 1 , an alkoxide ion claim 1 , a hydroxide ion claim 1 , a halide ion claim 1 , a carbonate ion claim 1 , a trifluoromethanesulfonate ion claim 1 , a sulfate ion claim 1 , a nitrate ion claim 1 , a formate ion claim 1 , or an acetate ion claim 1 , or are absent.7. The catalyst for dehydrogenation of formic acid according to claim 6 , wherein all of Qto Qdenote carbon atoms.8. The catalyst for dehydrogenation of formic acid according to claim 6 , wherein all of Rto Rdenote hydrogen atoms.11. A method for dehydrogenating formic acid claim 6 , comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'allowing a solution containing formic acid and/or a formic acid salt to react in the presence of the catalyst for dehydrogenation of formic acid according to , to thereby dehydrogenate formic acid.'}12. A method for producing hydrogen gas (H) through dehydrogenation of formic acid claim 6 , comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'sub': '2', 'allowing a solution containing formic acid and/or a formic acid ...

Tritium absorbing material, separation method of tritium from heavy water

To provide an absorbing material to separate tritium from heavy water. By using a deuterium ion- or hydrogen ion-containing manganese oxide having a spinel-type crystal structure as a tritium absorbing material collecting tritium from heavy water containing tritium, tritium can be separated and recovered inexpensively from the heavy water.

METHOD AND APPARATUS PROVIDING HIGH PURITY DIATOMIC MOLECULES OF HYDROGEN ISOTOPES

An electrochemical hydrogen isotope recycling apparatus for recycling an isotope of hydrogen includes an electrochemical recycling unit, the unit comprising: an anode; a cathode; and an isotope-treated, proton exchange membrane operatively disposed between the anode and cathode, the isotope-treated, proton exchange membrane having heavy water containing the isotope of hydrogen therein, the device configured to receive a feedstream containing the isotope of hydrogen. A process by which high purity hydrogen isotope products are produced using an electrochemical membrane process in which all conventional water containing components are pre-processed using a heavy water containing the isotope of hydrogen. 1. An electrochemical hydrogen isotope recycling apparatus for recycling an isotope of hydrogen , comprising: an anode;', 'a cathode; and', {'sub': 2', '2, 'an isotope-treated, proton exchange membrane operatively disposed between the anode and cathode, the isotope-treated, proton exchange membrane having heavy water (DO or TO) containing the isotope of hydrogen therein, the device configured to receive a feedstream containing the isotope of hydrogen.'}], 'an electrochemical recycling unit, the unit comprising2. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a humidifier or saturator claim 1 , the humidifier or saturator in fluid communication with and disposed upstream of the unit configured to humidify the feedstream with heavy water containing the isotope of hydrogen claim 1 , wherein the humidifier or saturator comprises an isotope-treated claim 1 , proton exchange membrane having heavy water containing the isotope of hydrogen therein claim 1 , the saturator in fluid communication with and disposed downstream of the unit configured to capture the heavy water containing the isotope of hydrogen evolved from the cathode.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a dehumidifier in fluid communication with and disposed downstream of the unit claim 1 , wherein the ...

Method For Urea Conversion Efficiency Measurement

A method and system for characterizing a chemical reaction in an exhaust after-treatment system that includes providing a first molecule that includes a chemical element that is isotopically labelled. The isotopically labelled first molecule is injected into an exhaust stream of the exhaust after-treatment system to supply the isotopically labelled first molecule to an exhaust treatment component, and second molecules including the chemical element that is isotopically labelled that are produced through a chemical reaction of the first molecule with other constituents of the exhaust stream are quantified. 1. A method for characterizing a chemical reaction in an exhaust after-treatment system , comprising:providing a first molecule that includes a chemical element that is isotopically labelled;injecting the isotopically labelled first molecule into an exhaust stream of the exhaust after-treatment system to supply the isotopically labelled first molecule to an exhaust treatment component; andquantifying second molecules including the chemical element that is isotopically labelled that are produced through a chemical reaction of the first molecule with other constituents of the exhaust stream.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first molecule includes ammonia having an isotope of nitrogen that is selected from the group consisting of N claim 1 , N claim 1 , and N.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first molecule includes urea having an isotope of nitrogen that is selected from the group consisting of N claim 1 , N claim 1 , and N.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first molecule includes urea having an isotope of carbon that is selected from the group consisting of C claim 1 , C claim 1 , and C.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first molecule includes urea having an isotope of oxygen that is selected from the group consisting of O and O.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first molecule includes urea having an isotope of hydrogen that is selected ...

MULTICOMPONENT PLASMONIC PHOTOCATALYSTS CONSISTING OF A PLASMONIC ANTENNA AND A REACTIVE CATALYTIC SURFACE: THE ANTENNA-REACTOR EFFECT

A method of making a multicomponent photocatalyst, includes inducing precipitation from a pre-cursor solution comprising a pre-cursor of a plasmonic material and a pre-cursor of a reactive component to form co-precipitated particles; collecting the co-precipitated particles; and annealing the co-precipitated particles to form the multicomponent photocatalyst comprising a reactive component optically, thermally, or electronically coupled to a plasmonic material. 1. A method of making a multicomponent photocatalyst , comprising:inducing precipitation from a pre-cursor solution comprising a pre-cursor of a plasmonic material and a pre-cursor of a reactive component to form co-precipitated particles;collecting the co-precipitated particles; andannealing the co-precipitated particles to form the multicomponent photocatalyst comprising a reactive component optically, thermally, or electronically coupled to a plasmonic material.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising dissolving a pre-cursor of a plasmonic material and a pre-cursor of a reactive component into a solution to form the pre-cursor solution.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein a pre-cursor of a support material is also dissolved into the solution.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein precipitation is induced by contacting the pre-cursor solution with a basic solution.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the basic solution comprises at least one of alkali metal carbonate claim 4 , alkali metal bicarbonate claim 4 , and alkali metal hydroxide dissolved in an aqueous solution.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pre-cursor of the plasmonic material and the pre-cursor of the reactive component are transition metal salts.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the molar ratio of metal in the pre-cursor of the plasmonic material to metal in the pre-cursor of the reactive component is between 1000:1 to 10:1.8. The method of claim 3 , wherein the co-precipitated particles are between 99.9% and 20% support material.9. The ...

Triggering Exothermic Reactions Under High Hydrogen Loading Rates

Methods and apparatus are disclosed for triggering an exothermic reaction under a high hydrogen loading rate. It is generally understood that a high hydrogen loading ratio is an important factor. The present application teaches that a high hydrogen loading rate, that is, achieving a high hydrogen loading ratio in a short period of time, is another important factor in determining whether excess heat can be observed in an exothermic reaction. The present application discloses methods and apparatus for achieving a high hydrogen loading rate in order to trigger an exothermic reaction.

IN SITU APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING DEUTERIUM OXIDE OR TRITIUM OXIDE IN AN INDUSTRIAL APPARATUS OR METHOD

An electrochemical hydrogen isotope recycling apparatus for recycling an isotope of hydrogen includes an electrochemical recycling unit, the unit comprising: an anode; a cathode; and an isotope-treated, proton exchange membrane operatively disposed between the anode and cathode, the isotope-treated, proton exchange membrane having heavy water containing the isotope of hydrogen therein, the device configured to receive a feedstream containing the isotope of hydrogen. A process by which high purity hydrogen isotope products are produced using an electrochemical membrane process in which all conventional water containing components are pre-processed using a heavy water containing the isotope of hydrogen. 1. An electrochemical hydrogen isotope recycling apparatus for recycling an isotope of hydrogen , comprising:an electrochemical recycling unit, the unit comprising:an anode;a cathode; and{'sub': 2', '2, 'an isotope-treated, proton exchange membrane operatively disposed between the anode and cathode, the isotope-treated, proton exchange membrane having heavy water (DO or TO) containing the isotope of hydrogen therein, the device configured to receive a feedstream containing the isotope of hydrogen.'}2. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a humidifier or saturator claim 1 , the humidifier or saturator in fluid communication with and disposed upstream of the unit configured to humidify the feedstream with heavy water containing the isotope of hydrogen claim 1 , further comprising a saturator in fluid communication with and disposed downstream of the unit configured to capture the heavy water containing the isotope of hydrogen evolved from the cathode claim 1 , wherein the humidifier or saturator comprises an isotope-treated claim 1 , proton exchange membrane having heavy water containing the isotope of hydrogen therein.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a dehumidifier in fluid communication with and disposed downstream of the unit claim 1 , wherein ...

BALANCED CLOSED LOOP CONTINUOUS EXTRACTION PROCESS FOR HYDROGEN ISOTOPES

A system and method for tritium separation systems using a mixed bed catalytic exchange process in a Liquid Phase Catalytic Exchange/Closed Loop Continuous Process (LPCE/CLCP) system, that operates as a low temperature and low pressure continuous balanced process, designed to rapidly, economically and safely extract and isolate isotope specific products without generating unwanted products in the form of new waste streams. 1. A closed loop continuous hydrogen isotope extraction system using a steady state cyclical dual column extraction , comprising:a first liquid phase catalytic exchange column to receive a mixture of clean hydrogen gas and contaminated feed water comprising at least one hydrogen isotope in the form of tritium, wherein the liquid phase catalytic exchange column includes one or more of a hydrophobic catalyst operative to facilitate the exchange of the clean hydrogen gas with the hydrogen isotope in the feed water resulting in the generation of the hydrogen isotope as a gas and de-tritiated water as a liquid in the first catalytic exchange column;a second liquid phase catalytic exchange column to receive a mixture of gas generated from the first liquid phase catalytic exchange column containing the hydrogen isotope and de-tritiated water generated by the first liquid phase catalytic exchange column, wherein the second liquid phase catalytic exchange column includes a second hydrophobic catalyst operative to facilitate the exchange of the gas containing the hydrogen isotope and the de-tritiated water resulting in the generation and release of the hydrogen as clean hydrogen gas and contaminated water comprising at least one hydrogen isotope in the form of tritium, and wherein the second waterproof catalyst is further operative to process at least one of larger and smaller volumes of material than the first waterproof catalyst;a pump for establishing and maintaining a circulating profile through the first and second liquid phase catalytic exchange ...

Diamond structures as fuel capsules for nuclear fusion

Fuel capsules usable in inertial confinement fusion (ICF) reactors have shells made from materials having a diamond (sp 3 ) lattice structure, including diamond materials in synthetic crystalline, polycrystalline (ordered or disordered), nanocrystalline and amorphous forms. The interior of the shell is filled with a fusion fuel mixture, including any combination of deuterium and/or tritium and/or helium-3 and/or other fusible isotopes.

HEAT GENERATING SYSTEM

A heat generating system includes a heat-generating element cell and a circulation device. The heat-generating element cell includes a container having a recovery port and a discharge port, and a reactant that is provided in the container, is made from a hydrogen storage metal or a hydrogen storage alloy, has metal nanoparticles on a surface of the reactant. The heat-generating element cell generates excess heat when hydrogen-based gas contributing to heat generation is supplied into the container and hydrogen atoms are occluded in the metal nanoparticles. The circulation device circulates the hydrogen-based gas in the heat-generating element cell. The circulation device includes a circulating passage that is provided outside the container and connects the recovery port to the discharge port, a pump circulates the hydrogen-based gas in the container via the circulating passage, and a filter on the circulating passage adsorbs and removes the impurities in the hydrogen-based gas. 1. A heat generating system , comprising: a container having a recovery port and a discharge port; and', 'a reactant that is provided in the container, is made from a hydrogen storage metal or a hydrogen storage alloy, has a plurality of metal nanoparticles provided on a surface of the reactant,', 'the heat-generating element cell generating excess heat when hydrogen-based gas contributing to heat generation is supplied into the container and hydrogen atoms are occluded in the plurality of metal nanoparticles; and, 'a heat-generating element cell including a circulating passage that is provided outside the container and connects the recovery port to the discharge port;', 'a pump configured to circulate the hydrogen-based gas in the container via the circulating passage; and', 'a filter provided on the circulating passage and configured to absorb and remove impurities in the hydrogen-based gas., 'a circulation device configured to circulate the hydrogen-based gas in the heat-generating element ...

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING HYDROGEN OR HEAVY HYDROGENS, AND HYDROGENATION (PROTIATION, DEUTERATION OR TRITIATION) OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS USING SAME

An object is to provide a process for providing hydrogen or heavy hydrogens conveniently without the necessity of large-scale equipment and a process capable of performing hydrogenation (protiation, deuteration or tritiation) reaction conveniently without the use of an expensive reagent and a special catalyst. The production process includes a process for producing hydrogen or heavy hydrogens, containing subjecting water or heavy water to mechanochemical reaction in the presence of a catalyst metal, and a process for producing a hydrogenated (protiated, deuterated or tritiated) organic compound, containing subjecting an organic compound and water or heavy water to mechanochemical reaction in the presence of a catalyst metal. 1. A process for producing hydrogen or heavy hydrogens , comprising subjecting water or heavy water to mechanochemical reaction in the presence of a catalyst metal whereby the water or heavy water is converted to hydrogen or heavy hydrogen.2. The process for producing hydrogen or heavy hydrogens according to claim 1 , wherein the mechanochemical reaction is performed with a planetary ball mill.3. The process for producing hydrogen or heavy hydrogens according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst metal is a transition metal.414-. (canceled)15. The process according to claim 2 , wherein the planetary ball mill comprises stainless steel.16. The process according to claim 3 , wherein the transition metal is selected from the group consisting of iron claim 3 , iron (II) hydroxide claim 3 , nickel claim 3 , nickel (II) oxide claim 3 , chromium claim 3 , chromium (II) oxide claim 3 , palladium and a combination thereof.17. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the transition metal is palladium.18. The process according to claim 15 , wherein the transition metal is palladium. This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/817,637 filed Feb. 19, 2013, allowed, which is a National Stage of PCT/JP11/068,535 filed Aug. 16, 2011 and ...

Decontamination of Tritiated Water

Methods and systems directed to the separation of tritium from an aqueous stream are described. The separation method is a multi-stage method that includes a first stage during which tritium of a tritium-contaminated aqueous stream is adsorbed onto a separation phase, a second stage during which the adsorbed tritium is exchanged with hydrogen in a gaseous stream to provide a gaseous stream with a high tritium concentration, and a third stage during which the tritium of the gaseous stream is separated from the gaseous stream as a gaseous tritium product. 1. A process for removal and recovery of tritium from tritium-contaminated water , the process comprising:contacting a separation phase with an aqueous stream, the aqueous stream comprising tritium, the separation phase having an isotopic separation factor of about 1.06 or greater, the tritium being preferentially adsorbed onto the surface of the separation phase to form a purified aqueous stream;subsequently, contacting the separation phase with a gaseous stream, the gaseous stream comprising protium and/or deuterium in the form of hydrogen gas, deuterium gas, hydrogen deuteride, or mixtures thereof, the tritium that is adsorbed onto the surface of the separation phase being exchanged with the protium and/or the deuterium of the gaseous stream to form a tritium-enriched gaseous stream; andseparating the tritium from the tritium-enriched gaseous stream.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the separation phase comprises at least one of hydroxyl groups claim 1 , water molecules claim 1 , and a catalyst.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the tritium is recovered from the tritium-enriched gaseous stream according to a thermal cycling adsorption process.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the separation phase contacts about 500 tons per day or greater of the aqueous stream.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous stream comprises the tritium in a concentration of about 1 part per billion or less.6. The process of ...

Diamond structures as fuel capsules for nuclear fusion

Fuel capsules usable in inertial confinement fusion (ICF) reactors have shells made from materials having a diamond (sp 3 ) lattice structure, including diamond materials in synthetic crystalline, polycrystalline (ordered or disordered), nanocrystalline and amorphous forms. The interior of the shell is filled with a fusion fuel mixture, including any combination of deuterium and/or tritium and/or helium-3 and/or other fusible isotopes.

ADVANCED TRITIUM SYSTEM AND ADVANCED PERMEATION SYSTEM FOR SEPARATION OF TRITIUM FROM RADIOACTIVE WASTES

A liquid phase catalytic exchange column with a catalyst is configured to receive hydrogen gas. The system uses the catalyst to exchange the hydrogen gas with the tritiated source yielding HT gas and tritiated water. The system monitors tritium content of the tritiated water. When a predetermined tritium level is detected, the tritiated water is released. The system also includes a gaseous permeation system comprising a permeable barrier for the selective extraction of gases. 1. A system for the continuous low energy extraction of tritium from a tritiated source , comprising: receive hydrogen gas from a first inlet,', 'receive the tritiated source from a second inlet, wherein the tritiated source comprises a first concentration of tritiated water,', 'use the catalyst to exchange the hydrogen gas with the tritiated source yielding HT gas and a second concentration of tritiated water, wherein the second concentration of tritiated water is less than the first concentration of tritiated water,', 'monitor tritium content of the second concentration of tritiated water with a first tritium monitor for a first predetermined level, and', 'responsive to detecting the first predetermined level, release the second concentration of tritiated water through a first valve;, 'a liquid phase catalytic exchange column comprising a catalyst, operably configured to receive a carrier gas from a third inlet,', 'receive a mixture of tritiated gas and H2 gases from a fourth inlet,', 'use the permeable barrier to selectively extract and separate the tritiated gas and the H2 gas into different regions of the gaseous permeation system,', 'monitor tritium content of the extracted H2 gas with a second tritium monitor for a second predetermined level, and', 'responsive to detecting the second predetermined level, at least one of reintroduce the H2 gas through the first inlet and release the H2 gas through a second valve,', 'remove the tritiated gas from a third valve., 'a gaseous permeation ...

IN SITU APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING DEUTERIUM OXIDE OR TRITIUM OXIDE IN AN INDUSTRIAL APPARATUS OR METHOD

In an aspect, an electrochemical hydrogen isotope recycling apparatus for recycling a feedstream comprising a single isotope of hydrogen, comprising: an electrochemical recycling unit, the unit comprising an anode; a cathode; an isotope-treated, cation exchange membrane operatively disposed between the anode and cathode, the isotope-treated, cation exchange membrane having heavy water containing the isotope of hydrogen therein, the unit configured to receive the feedstream containing the single isotope of hydrogen; wherein the single isotope is deuterium or tritium and when the single isotope is deuterium, the heavy water comprises DO and when the single isotope is tritium, the heavy water is TO. 1. An electrochemical hydrogen isotope recycling apparatus for recycling a feedstream comprising a single isotope of hydrogen , comprising: an anode;', 'a cathode;', 'an isotope-treated, cation exchange membrane operatively disposed between the anode and cathode, the isotope-treated, cation exchange membrane having heavy water containing the isotope of hydrogen therein, the unit configured to receive the feedstream containing the single isotope of hydrogen;, 'an electrochemical recycling unit, the unit comprising'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'wherein the single isotope is deuterium or tritium and when the single isotope is deuterium, the heavy water comprises DO and when the single isotope is tritium, the heavy water is TO.'}2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein all of the conventional water containing components of the apparatus are pre-processed using a heavy water containing the isotope of hydrogen of the products to exchange hydrogen for the isotope of hydrogen.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a reactor unit in fluid communication with the electrochemical recycling unit claim 1 , wherein the reactor unit comprises a non-oxygen containing compound that is capable of reacting with the isotope of hydrogen in the feedstream to form a reaction product.4. The apparatus of ...

Hydrogen Isotope Separation Methods and Systems

Methods and systems for the separation of hydrogen isotopes from one another are described. Methods include utilization of a hydrogen isotope selective separation membrane that includes a hydrogen isotope selective layer (e.g., graphene) and a hydrogen ion conductive supporting layer. An electronic driving force encourages passage of isotopes selectively across the membrane at an elevated separation temperature to enrich the product in a selected hydrogen isotope.

Process for separating isotopes

A process for producing an isotopically enriched compound of a desired isotope includes (a) providing a cryogenic reaction zone containing a catalyst adapted to catalyze an isotope exchange reaction at a cryogenic reaction temperature, (b) feeding to the cryogenic reaction zone an enriched mixture comprising at least a compound containing the desired isotope, wherein the enriched mixture is enriched in the desired isotope above a natural abundance of the desired isotope, (c) reacting the enriched mixture in the cryogenic reaction zone thereby forming a resulting mixture containing the isotopically enriched compound, and (d) separating the resulting mixture into an enriched product which is enriched in the isotopically enriched compound and a depleted product which is depleted in the isotopically enriched compound.

触媒構成物およびその製造方法

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Catalyst for water-hydrogen exchange reaction, method for production thereof and device for water-hydrogen exchange reaction

FIELD: technological processes. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a catalyst for a water-hydrogen exchange reaction comprising a catalytic metal applied on a carrier formed from an inorganic oxide. Carrier is formed from an inorganic oxide having a hydrophobic compound bound to the inorganic oxide surface, and that is hydrophobic, wherein the hydrophobic compound comprises at least one substance from an organic silane compound and a fluoropolymer compound, catalytic metal is a metal containing platinum as an essential component, and chlorine content by 1 wt.% of the amount of applied platinum is 25 million -1 or more and 1,000 million -1 or less, based on the total weight of the catalyst. Invention also relates to a method for producing disclosed catalyst, to a method of water-hydrogen exchange reaction, and a device therefor. EFFECT: technical result consists in producing a catalyst free from the risk of carrier ignition or damage and exhibiting high activity. 21 cl, 3 tbl, 3 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 666 351 C1 (51) МПК B01J 31/28 (2006.01) B01J 37/18 (2006.01) C01B 4/00 (2006.01) C01B 5/02 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК B01J 31/28 (2006.01); B01J 37/18 (2006.01); B01J 23/42 (2006.01); B01J 27/13 (2006.01); C01B 4/00 (2006.01); C01B 5/02 (2006.01) (21)(22) Заявка: 2017111201, 31.08.2015 31.08.2015 Дата регистрации: 07.09.2018 05.09.2014 JP 2014-180755 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: JP 56089845 A, 21.07.1981. RU (45) Опубликовано: 07.09.2018 Бюл. № 25 2307708 C1, 10.10.2007. JP 54011069 A, 26.01.1979. JP 53008389 A, 25.01.1978. JP 60094142 A, 27.05.1985. JP 56007647 A, 26.01.1981. (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 05.04.2017 (86) Заявка PCT: 2 6 6 6 3 5 1 (73) Патентообладатель(и): ТАНАКА КИКИНЗОКУ КОГИО К.К. (JP) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: R U (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: (72) Автор ...

Contaminated with tritium waters purification method

FIELD: water and air purification technology. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of the water and aqueous solutions decontamination sorption technologies and can be used for the natural water treatment. Contaminated with tritium water purification method includes its treatment with natural or synthetic humic acid in the liquid or powdered state, introduced in the ratio of humic acid:contaminated with tritium water equal to 1:4÷5. Bringing the pH≤4 by the sulfuric acid addition with stirring and separating the precipitate by filtration through the paper filter or by the colloidal chemical extraction. EFFECT: invention allows to enable the humic acid high distribution coefficient, as well as enriched with tritium final product storage, without the environmental standards violation and without creating special conditions. 1 cl, 1 tbl РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 680 507 C1 (51) МПК C02F 9/04 (2006.01) C02F 1/28 (2006.01) C02F 1/42 (2006.01) C02F 1/66 (2006.01) C01B 4/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК C02F 1/28 (2018.08); C02F 1/42 (2018.08); C02F 1/66 (2018.08); C02F 9/00 (2018.08); C01B 4/00 (2018.08) (21)(22) Заявка: 2018108984, 14.03.2018 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: Дата регистрации: 21.02.2019 (45) Опубликовано: 21.02.2019 Бюл. № 6 2 6 8 0 5 0 7 R U (54) Способ очистки вод, загрязненных тритием (57) Реферат: Изобретение относится к области сорбционных технологий дезактивации воды и водных растворов и может быть использовано для обработки природной воды. Способ очистки воды, загрязнённой тритием, включает ее обработку природной или синтетической гуминовой кислотой в жидком или порошкообразном состоянии, вводимой в соотношении гуминовая кислота:вода, загрязнённая тритием, равном 1:4÷5. Доводят (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RAT'KO A.I., SAMODUROV V.P., KOL'NENKOV V.P. Tritium Sorption by Modified Natural Aluminosilicates, ...

Water-repellent catalyst for reaction of gas and liquid and gas-liquid reacting method using said catalyst

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Method and apparatus for separating hydrogen isotope

Изобретение относитс  к способам и устройствам дл  разделени  изотопов водорода с использованием химического изотопного обмена. Цель изобретени  - повышение степени разделени  изотопов водорода. Способ включает направление изотопов водорода в потоке инертного газа-носител  противотоком к потоку вод ного пара с инертным газом-носителем. Потоки разделены металлической мембраной из паллади  или сплава паллади  с серебром. Парциальное давление водорода по обе стороны мембраны поддерживают одинаковым и не превышающим 10 4 Па, а процесс провод т при температуре 120-300°С. За счет изотопного обмена между изотопами водорода и вод ным паром и равенства парциальных давлений водорода через мембрану происходит селективна  диффузи  молекул, содержащих дейтерий и тритий. Устройство включает реакторы 1 изотопного обмена с металлической мембраной 12 из паллади  или сплава паллади  с серебром, камеры 2 дл  восстановлени  изотопов водорода из воды, трубопроводы 8,9 дл  подачи инертного газа-носител , трубопроводы 3 дл  подачи изотопов водорода из камер 2 в реакторы 1, испарители воды 7, трубопроводы 4 дл  подачи воды в реакторы, конденсатор вод ного пара 26, окислительные камеры 14 с металлической мембраной 16 из паллади  или сплава паллади  с серебром и слоем окиси металла 18. 2 с.п. 7 з.п. ф-лы, 1 ил., 1 табл.

Inorganic hydrogen compounds, separation methods and fuel applications

(57)【要約】 【課題】 結合エネルギーが約０．８ｅＶより大きい水素化物イオンを含む新規な化合物を提供する。 【解決手段】 対応する通常の水素種よりも大きい結合エネルギーを有するか、又は、結合エネルギーが不安定であるか或いは観察されない任意の水素種の結合エネルギーよりも大きい、１つ以上の中性、正、或は負の結合エネルギー増加水素種を有した化合物が提供される。この化合物は又、前記結合エネルギー増加水素種とは異なる、１つ以上のその他の元素、分子、或いはイオンを有する。この化合物の一つの群は、Ｈ n 、Ｈ n - 及びＨ n + から成る群から選択される結合エネルギー増加水素種を含み、ｎは１〜３の整数である。この化合物の用途としては、バッテリー、燃料電池、切断物質、熱電子カソード、光学フィルタ、光ファイバケーブル、マグネット、エッチング剤、半導体製造におけるドーパント、装薬、及びアイソトープ純化方法における使用などがある。

Method and device for cleaning and separating concentrate of heavy target components with obtaining target components of concentrate and light elements isotopes

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention provides the supplemental thermostating of the concentrate flow of the heavy target components, the flow of the low-boiling target component fraction, the flow of the high-boiling target component fraction before supplying to the corresponding columns; the irradiation of the said flows with the ionising radiation and following production of the light elements' isotopes and heavy nuclides; flow purification in the supplemental purifying units; concentrating the heavy nuclides with rectification in the high-boiling impurities flow and extracting the light elements' isotopes and heavy nuclides by rectification the low-boiling target component from the output gas flow of the producing column; the output gas flow of the producing column of the high-boiling component and the low-boiling impurities flow. EFFECT: purity and safety of produced target components are improved; efficiency is increased. 4 cl, 3 dwg ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÀß ÔÅÄÅÐÀÖÈß RU (19) (11) 2 328 336 (13) C2 (51) ÌÏÊ B01D 59/00 (2006.01) B01D 59/50 (2006.01) B01D 3/14 (2006.01) ÔÅÄÅÐÀËÜÍÀß ÑËÓÆÁÀ ÏÎ ÈÍÒÅËËÅÊÒÓÀËÜÍÎÉ ÑÎÁÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ, ÏÀÒÅÍÒÀÌ È ÒÎÂÀÐÍÛÌ ÇÍÀÊÀÌ (12) ÎÏÈÑÀÍÈÅ ÈÇÎÁÐÅÒÅÍÈß Ê ÏÀÒÅÍÒÓ (21), (22) Çà âêà: 2006128430/15, 04.08.2006 (72) Àâòîð(û): Ñàâèíîâ Ìèõàèë Þðüåâè÷ (RU), Êîëïàêîâ Ìèõàèë Þðüåâè÷ (RU) (24) Äàòà íà÷àëà îòñ÷åòà ñðîêà äåéñòâè ïàòåíòà: 04.08.2006 (73) Ïàòåíòîîáëàäàòåëü(è): Ñàâèíîâ Ìèõàèë Þðüåâè÷ (RU) (43) Äàòà ïóáëèêàöèè çà âêè: 10.02.2008 R U (45) Îïóáëèêîâàíî: 10.07.2008 Áþë. ¹ 19 2 3 2 8 3 3 6 (56) Ñïèñîê äîêóìåíòîâ, öèòèðîâàííûõ â îò÷åòå î ïîèñêå: RU 2213609 C1, 10.10.2003. RU 2192918 C1, 20.11.2002. ÀÕÌÅÒΠÍ.Ñ., Íåîðãàíè÷åñêà õèìè , Ìîñêâà, Âûñøà øêîëà, 1975, ñ.39. ÐÎÇÅÍ A.M., Òåîðè ðàçäåëåíè èçîòîïîâ â êîëîííàõ, Ìîñêâà, Àòîìèçäàò, 1960, ñ.184-187. ÀÍÄÐÅÅ Á.Ì. è äð., Ðàçäåëåíèå ñòàáèëüíûõ èçîòîïîâ ôèçèêî-õèìè÷åñêèìè ìåòîäàìè, Ìîñêâà, Ýíåðãîàòîìèçäàò, 1982, ñ.64-94. 2 3 2 8 3 3 6 R U (54) ÑÏÎÑÎÁ Î×ÈÑÒÊÈ È ÐÀÇÄÅËÅÍÈß ÊÎÍÖÅÍÒÐÀÒÀ ÒßÆÅËÛÕ ÖÅËÅÂÛÕ ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CLEANING AIR FROM GAS-Tritium AND ITS CONCENTRATION IN CONSTANT VOLUME OF WATER

РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2015 118 693 A (51) МПК B01D 59/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2015118693, 20.03.2013 Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 30.01.2013 BG 1. 111385 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 31.08.2015 BG 2013/000006 (20.03.2013) (87) Публикация заявки PCT: WO 2014/117229 (07.08.2014) A Адрес для переписки: 107078, Москва, Красноворотский пр-д, 3, стр. 1, к. 18, ООО Патентно-правовая фирма "Искона-II" R U (57) Формула изобретения 1. Способ очистки воздуха от газообразного трития путем восстановления трития из воздуха, характеризующийся окислением трития воздуха в водородно-кислородном пламени. 2. Способ концентрации трития, характеризующийся циклическим производством водородно-кислородной смеси из воды, в которой тритий концентрируется, а также последующее применение такой смеси для сжигания трития, при этом тритиевая вода проходит следующие этапы: вода - водородно-кислородная смесь - сжигание трития в системе воздух - вода, в которой тритий переходит из газообразной формы в воду и постепенно накапливается. 3. Устройство для очистки воздуха и концентрации трития в воде, содержащее герметично закрытую камеру для окисления трития при высокой температуре в водородно-кислородном пламени, газовая смесь для которого поступает из водороднокислородного генератора, насос для вывода полученной смеси воздуха и водяных паров, холодильник для ее охлаждения, водяной фильтр для удержания конденсированной воды, оборудование для хранения трития. Стр.: 1 A 2 0 1 5 1 1 8 6 9 3 (54) СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ОЧИСТКИ ВОЗДУХА ОТ ГАЗООБРАЗНОГО ТРИТИЯ И ЕГО КОНЦЕНТРАЦИИ В ПОСТОЯННОМ ОБЪЕМЕ ВОДЫ 2 0 1 5 1 1 8 6 9 3 (72) Автор(ы): Спасов Ивайло Спасов (BG), Гийошев Георгий Стоянов (BG), Кривиров Никола Петров (BG) (86) Заявка PCT: R U (43) Дата публикации заявки: 07.03.2017 Бюл. № 07 (71) Заявитель(и): КАСАБОВ Евгений Борисов (BG), ШОПОВ Климент ...

MEMBRANE REACTOR FOR CLEANING TRITIUM GASES

1. Устройство для извлечения трития из загрязненной газовой смеси путем изотопного обмена, отличающееся тем, что содержит модуль (1) в виде резервуара предпочтительно цилиндрической формы, выполненный из стали или другого пригодного металла или стекла, и содержащий по меньшей мере один трубчатый мембранный разделитель (Т), выполненный из металла или металлического сплава, избирательно проницаемого для водорода и его изотопов, причем указанный трубчатый мембранный разделитель (Т) установлен консольно и имеет закрытый свободный конец, причем предусмотрено средство для приложения осевого растягивающего усилия к свободному концу трубчатого мембранного разделителя (Т), и средство для электрического соединения указанного свободного конца трубчатого мембранного разделителя (Т) со смежным с ним концевым фланцем (FF) указанного модуля (1).2. Устройство по п.1, отличающееся тем, что указанный модуль (1) закрыт с двух концов посредством герметизированных фланцев; причем указанный трубчатый мембранный разделитель (Т) выполнен из палладий-серебряного сплава и прикреплен к первому фланцу указанного модуля посредством пайки или сварки; причем указанный трубчатый мембранный разделитель (Т) закрыт на одном конце, при этом для извлечения ретентата предусмотрена труба, выполненная из стали или другого подходящего материала, имеющая малый диаметр и размещенная в полости указанного мембранного разделителя в пальцевой конфигурации; причем указанный закрытый конец выполненного из палладий-серебряного сплава трубчатого мембранного разделителя (Т) соединен со вторым фланцем (FF) модуля (1) посредством пружины (М), выполненной с во� РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (51) МПК C01B 4/00 (13) 2013 100 180 A (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2013100180/05, 16.06.2011 Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 16.06.2010 IT RM2010A000330 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 16.01.2013 (86) Заявка ...

Method and device for producing biologically active drinking water with low content of deuterium

FIELD: technological processes. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method of producing drinking water with low content of deuterium and a device for its implementation. Method includes cooling drinking water by adding granules of solid carbon dioxide with the water to carbon dioxide ratio of 1:10, mixing for 15-20 minutes with the mixer rotation speed of 45-50 rpm, water treatment with low-frequency electromagnetic field within the range of 18-48 Hz in the process of mixing, filtration through a metal-ceramic biofilter to produce the liquid and the solid phases, collection of the liquid phase deuterium-impoverished, heating and utilization of the solid phase. EFFECT: invention provides efficient production of drinking water with low content of deuterium. 1 cl, 1 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 605 123 C1 (51) МПК B01D 59/00 (2006.01) C01B 4/00 (2006.01) C02F 1/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2015119655/05, 25.05.2015 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 25.05.2015 (45) Опубликовано: 20.12.2016 Бюл. № 35 2 6 0 5 1 2 3 R U (54) СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИ АКТИВНОЙ ПИТЬЕВОЙ ВОДЫ С ПОНИЖЕННЫМ СОДЕРЖАНИЕМ ДЕЙТЕРИЯ (57) Реферат: Изобретение относится к способу получения низких частот в интервале 18-48 Гц в процессе питьевой воды с пониженным содержанием перемешивания, фильтрование через дейтерия и устройству для его осуществления. металлокерамический обеспложивающий фильтр Способ включает охлаждение питьевой воды с получением жидкой и твердой фаз, сбор жидкой путем добавления гранул твердого диоксида фазы, обедненной дейтерием, нагревание и углерода в соотношении воды к диоксиду утилизацию твердой фазы. Изобретение углерода 1 : 10, перемешивание в течение 15-20 обеспечивает эффективное получение питьевой минут при скорости вращения мешалки 45-50 об/ воды с пониженным содержанием дейтерия. 1 ил. мин, обработку воды электромагнитным полем Стр.: 1 ...

Hydrogen permeatin membrane, process for its manufacture and use

A process of manufacturing a hydrogen permeable membrane in which a hydrogen permeable metal is deposited galvanically on a fine mesh metal fabric.

Hydrogen permeation membrane

A hydrogen permeation membrane in the form of a metal coating such as palium and alloys of palladium less than 100 microns in thickness supported by a fabric with a mesh width not exceeding 50 microns. A diffusion blocking material such as nickel and alloys of nickel may be provided. The metal coating may be in the range of about 10 to 30 microns, and the mesh width may be in the range of about 2 to 20 microns.

A kind of liquid-phase catalysis exchange technique prepares the method and device of low deuterium-oxide

本发明涉及低氘水的制备领域，具体而言，涉及一种液相催化交换工艺制备低氘水的方法及装置。一种液相催化交换工艺制备低氘水的方法，包括以下步骤：将原料水和氢气通入催化交换柱中进行逆流反应，得到富氘水、贫氘氢气；贫氘氢气进行氧化反应，得到低氘水；催化交换柱采用多级串联的催化交换柱段连接而成，各柱段高径比不高于6‑8，催化交换柱段内混装填充有Pt基疏水催化剂和亲水填料，Pt基疏水催化剂和亲水填料的体积比为1:3‑4；催化交换柱段内还设置有气体和液体分布器。本发明通过限定催化交换柱的具体参数，使得反应高效，且操作条件温和，能耗低，工艺操作便捷，设备投资得到显著控制。

Hydrogen liquefaction system with ortho-para hydrogen conversion

本发明公开了一种带正–仲氢转化的氢液化系统，由七个串联设置的氢液化冷箱构成，每个氢液化冷箱的结构包括：由内壳体和外壳体构成的壳体，在壳体中设置有用于输送氢液化制冷剂的呈螺旋状盘旋的换热管、用于输送氢气/液氢的第一输氢管道和第二输氢管道、以及用于将正仲氢转化催化剂填满或泄出于内壳体中的催化剂进料管和催化剂出料管，在第一输氢管道和第二输氢管道中分别设置有管道过滤嘴；排列于第一个的氢液化冷箱中的氢液化制冷剂为液化丙烷，排列于第二个至第七个的氢液化冷箱中的氢液化制冷剂均为液氮。该系统能在氢液化的同时完成氢气/液氢正‑仲态的转化、并确保氢液化的同时仲氢占比超过95%。

Method for separating tritium from water contaminated with it

FIELD: water purification. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the technology of hydrogen isotope separation; it can be used to remove radioactive contaminants from aqueous media. A method for separating tritium from water contaminated with it includes adding anhydrous strontium peroxide (hereinafter – SPO) to contaminated water with the possibility of uniform distribution of SPO over the water volume until a precipitate of strontium peroxide octahydrate is formed, and this precipitate is separated. The precipitate is a tritium concentrate in the form of strontium peroxide octahydrate. The use of anhydrous strontium peroxide for the purification of contaminated water from tritium is also proposed. EFFECT: inventions make it possible to process large volumes of water contaminated with tritium in a simple and easily scalable way. 4 cl, 1 tbl РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 767 867 C1 (51) МПК C01B 4/00 (2006.01) C02F 1/00 (2006.01) B01D 59/00 (2006.01) G21F 9/16 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК C01B 4/00 (2021.05); C02F 1/00 (2021.05); B01D 59/00 (2021.05); G21F 9/16 (2021.05); C02F 2101/006 (2021.05) (21)(22) Заявка: 2020143867, 29.12.2020 29.12.2020 Дата регистрации: 22.03.2022 2 7 6 7 8 6 7 R U Адрес для переписки: 119234, Москва, ул. Ломоносовский проспект, 27, строение 1, Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова, Фонд'171Национальное интеллектуальное развитие' (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 2712541 C1, 29.01.2020. RU 2680507 C1, 21.02.2019. RU 2627690 C1, 10.08.2017. RU 2592078 C1, 20.07.2016. US 20200027616 A1, 23.01.2020. US 9922742 B2, 20.03.2018. (54) СПОСОБ ВЫДЕЛЕНИЯ ТРИТИЯ ИЗ ЗАГРЯЗНЕННЫХ ИМ ВОД (57) Реферат: Изобретение относится к технологии Осадок представляет собой концентрат трития в разделения изотопов водорода и может быть форме октагидрата пероксида стронция. использовано для удаления радиоактивных Предложено также ...

Device for production of water with reduced heavy molecules content

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: device comprises a distillation column operating under vacuum, an evaporator, a condenser and a heat pump. At that, the distillation column consiss of two coaxial pipes with diameters D1 and D2, with D1>D2 and (D1-D2)/2<300 mm, with a bulk packing layer located in the gap between them. The liquid distributor on the column top has at least 800 irrigation points per one square metre of the column orifice sectional area. EFFECT: increased productivity and reduced energy costs. 5 cl, 5 dwg, 4 tbl, 3 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 612 667 C1 (51) МПК B01D 3/16 (2006.01) B01J 19/00 (2006.01) C01B 5/00 (2006.01) C01B 4/00 (2006.01) C02F 1/00 (2006.01) B01D 59/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ФОРМУЛА (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ 2015143707, 13.10.2015 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 13.10.2015 (72) Автор(ы): Селиваненко Игорь Львович (RU), Тимаков Александр Алексеевич (RU) 13.03.2017 Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 13.10.2015 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 2295493 C2, 20.03.2007. RU Адрес для переписки: 121059, Москва, ул. Большая Дорогомиловская, 14, оф. 96, ЗАО "Ай Пи Про" 2 6 1 2 6 6 7 R U (57) Формула изобретения 1. Устройство для получения воды с пониженным содержанием тяжелых молекул воды, включающее ректификационную колонну, работающую под вакуумом, испаритель и конденсатор, отличающееся тем, что устройство снабжено тепловым насосом, ректификационная колонна состоит из двух коаксиальных труб диаметром D1 и D2 (D1>D2) со слоем насыпной насадки, расположенным в зазоре между ними, при этом (D1-D2)/2<300 мм, а распределитель жидкости вверху колонны имеет не менее 800 точек орошения па квадратный метр площади сечения насадочной части колонны. 2. Устройство по п. 1, отличающееся тем, что насыпная насадка выполнена в виде спирально призматической насадки. 3. Устройство по п. 1, отличающееся тем, что в ...

METHOD FOR CLEANING AND SEPARATING THE CONCENTRATE OF HEAVY TARGET COMPONENTS WITH OBTAINING TARGET COMPONENTS OF THE CONCENTRATE AND LIGHT GAS ISOTOPES AND DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION

ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÀß ÔÅÄÅÐÀÖÈß RU (19) (11) 2006 128 430 (13) A (51) ÌÏÊ B01D 53/00 (2006.01) ÔÅÄÅÐÀËÜÍÀß ÑËÓÆÁÀ ÏÎ ÈÍÒÅËËÅÊÒÓÀËÜÍÎÉ ÑÎÁÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ, ÏÀÒÅÍÒÀÌ È ÒÎÂÀÐÍÛÌ ÇÍÀÊÀÌ (12) ÇÀßÂÊÀ ÍÀ ÈÇÎÁÐÅÒÅÍÈÅ (21), (22) Çà âêà: 2006128430/15, 04.08.2006 (71) Çà âèòåëü(è): Ñàâèíîâ Ìèõàèë Þðüåâè÷ (RU) (43) Äàòà ïóáëèêàöèè çà âêè: 10.02.2008 Áþë. ¹ 4 (72) Àâòîð(û): Ñàâèíîâ Ìèõàèë Þðüåâè÷ (RU), Êîëïàêîâ Ìèõàèë Þðüåâè÷ (RU) A 2 0 0 6 1 2 8 4 3 0 R U Ñòðàíèöà: 1 RU A (57) Ôîðìóëà èçîáðåòåíè 1. Ñïîñîá î÷èñòêè è ðàçäåëåíè êîíöåíòðàòà ò æåëûõ öåëåâûõ êîìïîíåíòîâ ñ ïîëó÷åíèåì öåëåâûõ êîìïîíåíòîâ êîíöåíòðàòà è èçîòîïîâ ëåãêèõ ãàçîâ, âêëþ÷àþùèé ïîäà÷ó è ðàçäåëåíèå ïîòîêà êîíöåíòðàòà ò æåëûõ öåëåâûõ êîìïîíåíòîâ â ïðåäâàðèòåëüíîé ðåêòèôèêàöèîííîé êîëîííå ñ îáðàçîâàíèåì ïîòîêà ôðàêöèè íèçêîêèï ùåãî öåëåâîãî êîìïîíåíòà è ïîòîêà ôðàêöèè âûñîêîêèï ùåãî öåëåâîãî êîìïîíåíòà, ïîäà÷ó è ðàçäåëåíèå ïîòîêà ôðàêöèè íèçêîêèï ùåãî öåëåâîãî êîìïîíåíòà â äîïîëíèòåëüíîé êîëîííå íèçêîêèï ùåãî öåëåâîãî êîìïîíåíòà ñ îáðàçîâàíèåì ïîòîêà î÷èùåííîé ôðàêöèè íèçêîêèï ùåãî öåëåâîãî êîìïîíåíòà è ïîòîêà ïðîìåæóòî÷íûõ ïðèìåñåé, ïîäà÷ó è ðàçäåëåíèå ïîòîêà î÷èùåííîé ôðàêöèè íèçêîêèï ùåãî öåëåâîãî êîìïîíåíòà â ïðîäóêöèîííîé êîëîííå íèçêîêèï ùåãî öåëåâîãî êîìïîíåíòà ñ îáðàçîâàíèåì ïîòîêà ïðîäóêöèîííîãî íèçêîêèï ùåãî öåëåâîãî êîìïîíåíòà è ïîòîêà îòäóâî÷íûõ ãàçîâ ïðîäóêöèîííîé êîëîííû íèçêîêèï ùåãî öåëåâîãî êîìïîíåíòà, ïîäà÷ó è ðàçäåëåíèå ïîòîêà ôðàêöèè âûñîêîêèï ùåãî öåëåâîãî êîìïîíåíòà â äîïîëíèòåëüíîé êîëîííå âûñîêîêèï ùåãî öåëåâîãî êîìïîíåíòà ñ îáðàçîâàíèåì ïîòîêà î÷èùåííîé ôðàêöèè âûñîêîêèï ùåãî öåëåâîãî êîìïîíåíòà è ïîòîêà âûñîêîêèï ùèõ ïðèìåñåé, ïîäà÷ó è ðàçäåëåíèå ïîòîêà î÷èùåííîé ôðàêöèè âûñîêîêèï ùåãî öåëåâîãî êîìïîíåíòà â ïðîäóêöèîííîé êîëîííå âûñîêîêèï ùåãî öåëåâîãî êîìïîíåíòà ñ îáðàçîâàíèåì ïîòîêà ïðîäóêöèîííîãî âûñîêîêèï ùåãî öåëåâîãî êîìïîíåíòà è ïîòîêà îòäóâî÷íûõ ãàçîâ ïðîäóêöèîííîé êîëîííû âûñîêîêèï ùåãî öåëåâîãî êîìïîíåíòà, ïîäà÷ó è ðàçäåëåíèå ïîòîêà îòäóâî÷íûõ ãàçîâ ïðîäóêöèîííîé êîëîííû íèçêîêèï ùåãî öåëåâîãî ...

Advanced tray for gas-liquid contact columns

Patent FR2427296B1

CATALYST FOR CONCENTRATING HYDROGEN ISOTOPES AND PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A SUPPORT FOR THIS CATALYST

L'invention concerne un catalyseur pour la concentration des isotopes de l'hydrogène pour l'utilisation dans l'échange d'isotopes de l'hydrogène entre l'hydrogène gazeux et l'eau liquide. Le catalyseur selon l'invention comprend un support de polytétrafluoroéthylène poreux ayant une surface spécifique totale de 2 à 80 m**2/g obtenu par mélange dudit polytétrafluoroéthylène avec 0,5-15 % en poids de fluorocarbure ou d'un polymère de styrène ou d'un copolymère styrène-divinylbenzène poreux ayant une surface spécifique d'au moins 150 m**2/g et des particules d'au moins un élément du groupe VIII de la classification périodique déposée sur ledit support. Disclosed is a catalyst for the concentration of hydrogen isotopes for use in the exchange of hydrogen isotopes between gaseous hydrogen and liquid water. The catalyst according to the invention comprises a porous polytetrafluoroethylene support having a total specific surface area of 2 to 80 m ** 2 / g obtained by mixing said polytetrafluoroethylene with 0.5-15% by weight of fluorocarbon or of a styrene polymer. or of a porous styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer having a specific surface area of at least 150 m ** 2 / g and particles of at least one element from group VIII of the periodic table deposited on said support.

PROCESS FOR PREPARING HYDRIDES FROM ALKALINE METALS

SO3 DECOMPOSER WITH A CATALYTIC CARTRIDGE FOR THE THERMOCHEMICAL PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN

Increased deuterium concentration of water

The deuterium concentration of water is increased by treating with a stream of hydrogen, or a gaseous mixture containing hydrogen, which has been passed over deuterium. Similarly, an ammonia stream, passed over deuterium, is also used to cause isotope conversion in the water. The installation gives economic conversion of heavy water.

Improvement of the isotope enrichment process by bitherme exchange

CATALYTIC CARTRIDGE SO3 DECOMPOSER FOR THE THERMOCHEMICAL PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN

DECOMPOSEUR DE SO POUR LA PRODUCTION THERMOCHIMIQUE D'HYDROGENE. IL COMPREND UNE CARTOUCHE 10 DONT UNE SURFACE INTERNE EST REVETUE D'UN CATALYSEUR 24 FAVORISANT LA DECOMPOSITION DE SO, UN CALODUC 20 TRAVERSANT CETTE CARTOUCHE EN CONTACT THERMIQUE AVEC LE CATALYSEUR ET RELIE A UNE SOURCE DE CHALEUR, CETTE CARTOUCHE AYANT UN ORIFICE D'ENTREE ET UN ORIFICE DE SORTIE POUR AMENER LE SO EN CONTACT DU CATALYSEUR ET ELIMINER LE SO ET LE O FORMES. SO DECOMPOSER FOR THE THERMOCHEMICAL PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN. IT INCLUDES A CARTRIDGE 10 WHOSE INTERNAL SURFACE IS COATED WITH A CATALYST 24 PROMOTING THE DECOMPOSITION OF SO, A HEAT PIPE 20 THROUGH THIS CARTRIDGE IN THERMAL CONTACT WITH THE CATALYST AND CONNECTED TO A SOURCE OF HEAT, THIS CARTRIDGE HAVING AN ORIFICE AND AN EXIT PORT TO BRING SO IN CONTACT WITH CATALYST AND ELIMINATE SO AND O FORMS.

"improved deuterium extraction by cataly-tic

Improvements to the filling of isotope separation columns by chromatography, and preparation process

Process for the production of water, or hydrogen, enriched in deuterium

Gas-liquid contact reaction at low pressure - for hydrogen isotope exchange reactions between hydrogen cpds. for sepn. of deuterium and tritium

A method is claimed for contacting a gas with a liquid in a low-temp. column and high-temp. column, used for hydrogen isotope exchange reactions between hydrogen cpds. for sepn. of deutenum and tritium. The object is to react the gas with the liquid efficiently at a lower pressure. The novelty is that in the low-temp. column, the liquid is atomised into mist and the mist is contacted with the gas while the mist and gas flow in parallel. In the high-temp. column, the liquid is evapd. and the vapour is contacted with the gas. The operating pressure is above contacts is less than the satd. vapour pressure of the liquid.

PROCESS FOR CONCENTRATION AND SEPARATION OF TRITIUM AND / OR TRITIUM HYDRIDE FROM TRITIUM WATER

Procédé pour concentrer et séparer le tritium et/ou l'hydrure de tritium de l'eau tritiée. On enrichit l'hydroxyde de tritium et l'oxyde de ditritium dans l'eau tritiée, par distillation dans la colonne 2, et on soumet le mélange obtenu à une électrolyse dans une cascade de cellules 3, 31 à 3n . Process for concentrating and separating tritium and / or tritium hydride from tritiated water. The tritium hydroxide and the ditritium oxide are enriched in tritiated water, by distillation in column 2, and the mixture obtained is subjected to electrolysis in a cascade of cells 3, 31 to 3n.

HYDROGEN ISOTOPES EXCHANGE PROCESS USING A PACKAGED CATALYST BED

La présente invention concerne un procédé d'échange d'isotopes d'hydrogène. Il consiste à mettre en contact des courants d'eau liquide et d'hydrogène avec un ensemble à lit de catalyseur à garnissage comprenant : 1 degrés une structure catalytique constituée de cristallites catalytiques et un support; et 2 degrés une structure de garnissage mélangee avec la structure catalytique pour former avec elle le lit de catalyseur à garnissage, ladite structure de garnissage ayant une surface extérieure pratiquement hydrophile et relativement non catalytiquement active. Application : échanges d'isotopes de l'hydrogène. The present invention relates to a process for the exchange of hydrogen isotopes. It involves contacting streams of liquid water and hydrogen with a packed catalyst bed assembly comprising: 1 degrees a catalytic structure consisting of catalytic crystallites and a support; and 2 degrees a packing structure mixed with the catalytic structure to form therewith the packed catalyst bed, said packing structure having a substantially hydrophilic and relatively non-catalytically active outer surface. Application: exchange of hydrogen isotopes.

Process for obtaining water or hydrogen enriched in deuterium

Process for the extraction of heavy hydrogen and heavy water

Deuterium enrichment by selective photo-induced dissociation of an organic carbonyl compound

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A method for producing a deuterium enriched mate-rial by photo-induced dissociation which uses as the work-ing material a gas phase photolytically dissociable organ-ic carbonyl compound containing at least one hydrogen atom bonded to an atom which is adjacent to a carbonyl group and consisting of molecules wherein said hydrogen atom is present as deuterium and molecules wherein said hydrogen atom is present as another isotope of hydrogen. The or-ganic carbonyl compound is subjected to intense infrared radiation at a preselected wavelength to selectively ex-cite and thereby induce dissociation of the deuterium con-taining species to yield a deuterium enriched stable mo-lecular product. Undissociated carbonyl compound, depleted in deuterium, is preferably redeuterated for reuse.

Improvements in means for removing protonium and tritium from heavy water

Hydrogen distillation plant

METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR CHARGING DEUTERIUM A SUPPLY CURRENT SUBJECT TO AN ENRICHMENT PROCESS WITH A VIEW TO THE PRODUCTION OF HEAVY WATER CONSISTING OF HYDROGEN OR CONTAINING THE LATTER IN THE FORM OF A MIXTURE COMPONENT

Patent FR2076756A6

PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LITHIUM LI2SIO3 METASILICATE FRITTABLE POWDER AND USE THEREOF

A.PROCEDE POUR LA FABRICATION DE POUDRE FRITTABLE DE METASILICATE DE LITHIUM LISIO. B.DANS CE PROCEDE, ON INTRODUIT UNE PROPORTION STOECHIOMETRIQUE DE SIO DANS UNE SOLUTION AQUEUSE DE LIOH, SECHE LA SUSPENSION OBTENUE, PAR ATOMISATION A L'AIR, A 200-450C, ET CALCINE LE RESIDU SEC PULVERULENT ENTRE 500 ET 1000C. C.APPLICATION DU LISIO AINSI OBTENU COMME MATIERE FERTILE POUR DES REACTEURS A FUSION, POUR L'OBTENTION DE TRITIUM. A.PROCEDE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SINTERABLE POWDER OF LISIO LITHIUM METASILICATE. B. IN THIS PROCESS, A STOECHIOMETRIC PROPORTION OF ORS IS INTRODUCED IN AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF LIOH, DRY THE SUSPENSION OBTAINED BY AIR ATOMIZATION AT 200-450C, AND CALCINATED THE PULVERULENT DRY RESIDUE BETWEEN 500 AND 1000C. C. APPLICATION OF LISIO THUS OBTAINED AS FERTILE MATERIAL FOR FUSION REACTORS, TO OBTAIN TRITIUM.

A kind of liquid-phase catalysis exchange technique prepares the method and device of low deuterium-oxide

本发明涉及低氘水的制备领域，具体而言，涉及一种液相催化交换工艺制备低氘水的方法及装置。一种液相催化交换工艺制备低氘水的方法，包括以下步骤：将原料水和氢气通入催化交换柱中进行逆流反应，得到富氘水、贫氘氢气；贫氘氢气进行氧化反应，得到低氘水；催化交换柱采用多级串联的催化交换柱段连接而成，各柱段高径比不高于6‑8，催化交换柱段内混装填充有Pt基疏水催化剂和亲水填料，Pt基疏水催化剂和亲水填料的体积比为1:3‑4；催化交换柱段内还设置有气体和液体分布器。本发明通过限定催化交换柱的具体参数，使得反应高效，且操作条件温和，能耗低，工艺操作便捷，设备投资得到显著控制。

HYDROGEN RESERVOIR WITHOUT MAINTENANCE

On propose un réservoir d'hydrogène comprenant un réservoir externe, un réservoir interne disposé dans le réservoir externe pour stocker au moins un métal de stockage d'hydrogène et un hydrure métallique se présentant sous la forme de poudre qui procèdent à l'hydruration et à la déhydruration de l'hydrogène, et une plaque de protection disposée entre le réservoir externe et le réservoir interne pour protéger de la chaleur. Le réservoir d'hydrogène selon la présente invention comprend une saillie faisant saillie à partir d'une paroi latérale supérieure du réservoir interne jusqu'à un côté externe afin de former un passage à travers lequel l'hydrogène est déchargé, un tube d'entrée d'hydrogène pénétrant à travers le réservoir externe pour entrer dans le métal de stockage d'hydrogène stocké dans le réservoir interne, un tube de décharge d'hydrogène pénétrant à travers le réservoir externe pour entrer dans la saillie du réservoir interne, et un tube de passage de milieu chauffant installé sous une forme permettant d'entourer une paroi externe du réservoir interne afin de permettre à un milieu chauffant de passer à travers pour transférer la chaleur au réservoir interne. There is provided a hydrogen reservoir comprising an external reservoir, an internal reservoir disposed in the external reservoir for storing at least one hydrogen storage metal and a metal hydride in the form of powder which proceed to the hydriding and dehydrogenation of the hydrogen, and a protective plate disposed between the outer tank and the inner tank to protect from heat. The hydrogen reservoir according to the present invention comprises a protrusion projecting from an upper side wall of the inner reservoir to an outer side to form a passage through which hydrogen is discharged, an inlet tube hydrogen penetrating through the outer reservoir to enter the hydrogen storage metal stored in the inner reservoir, a hydrogen discharge tube penetrating ...

Process and installation for obtaining deuterium

APPARATUS FOR ISOTOPIC EXCHANGE REACTION

Process for obtaining deuterium from hydrogen-containing compounds and the production of heavy water therefrom

Advanced method for the treatment and the tritium recovery from tritiated water

A process for the detritiation of tritium enriched water comprising performing a combined electrolysis catalytic exchange process which is a combination of a liquid phase catalyst exchange process and an electrolysis of the water, a water distillation, a vapour phase catalytic exchange process, a tritium recovery process, and optionally a second liquid phase catalyst exchange process with at least a part of the exhaust product of step iv) and a device for forming detritiation of tritium enriched water.

Method and practical device composition for purification of air from gaseous tritium and concentration of tritium in a constant volume of water

Spent nuclear fuel production is accompanied by obtaining amount of radioactive Tritium which is highly mobile and is difficult to confine. That leads to possible radioactive contamination around equipment and storing facilities (4). The Tritium in the air recovered from these spaces is oxidized in an oxyhydrogen flame (1) and the resulting mixture of air and water vapours containing also tritiated and super-heavy water is condensed (17) and passed through a water filter (14). The water from the water filter (14) is then fed to the oxyhydrogen generator (8) where it is converted to oxyhydrogen and the obtained gas is used to oxidize the next portion of air containing Tritium. Repeating that cycle increases the concentration of the Tritium in the water of the water filter (14) proportionally to the number of cycles.

Production of hydrogen with enrichment of deuterium

Process for the activation of gaseous hydrogen and means for carrying out this process or similar process

Catalyst for hydrogen-amine d exchange

Process for the purification of h or a n/h mixture

H2 or a N2/H2 mixture is purified by treatment first with liquid ammonia and then with a solution of NaNH2 in liquid ammonia prior to passing it into a plant for deuterium enrichment working on the NH3/H2 hot/cold system using KNH2 as a catalyst. The gas may be passed in countercurrent to the NaNH2 solution and the impurities removed are CO, CO2 and H2O. Excessive amounts of water may be removed using a zeolite molecular sieve before treatment with sodamide. The sodamide may be prepared in situ from sodium and liquid ammonia under the catalytic influence of the column wall. The isotope exchange process is conventional.

Inorganic hydrogen compounds, separation methods, and fuel applications

本发明提供了含有至少一种中性、阳性或阴性的氢物种的化合物,该氢物种具有比其相应的普通氢类更大的结合能,或具有比结合能不稳定或未观察到的任何氢类更大的结合能。这些化合物还含有结合能增高的氢物种以外的至少一种其它原子、分子或离子。这些化合物的一组含有结合能增高的氢物种,其选自H n - 、H n - 或H n + ,其中n是1至3的整数。这些化合物的用途包括其在电池、燃料电池、切割材料、热离子阴极、光纤、纤维光缆、磁体、蚀刻剂、半导体结构中的掺杂剂、推进剂,本发明还提供了同位素的纯化方法。

Method for separating at least one heavy isotope from a hydrogen-containing medium

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE The multi-stage process separates at least one heavy isotope from a hydrogen-containing compound or a hydrogen containing mixture, using ammonia synthesis and a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen. The main product is water at least substantially free of deuterium and tritium, additional products being compounds enriched in deuterium and tritium, and nitrogen enriched in 15N.

Patent FR2030188A1

Extraction of deuterium from ammonia synthesis gas

1,273,462. Deuteration of amines. ATOMIC ENERGY OF CANADA Ltd. 18 March, 1970 [8 April, 1969], No. 13022/70. Heading C2C. [Also in Division C1] A process of extracting deuterium from a gas stream also containing hydrogen and nitrogen e.g. ammonia synthesis gas stream, comprises using two upper cold towers C U1 , C U2 the gas stream only passing through cold tower C U1 , where it loses deuterium to an exchange liquid 2. The exchange liquid 2 is divided into two streams 2<SP>1</SP>, 211 which recombine beneath C U2 to pass through lower cold tower C L and hot tower H and to respectively take and give deuterium from and to a hydrogen stream passing in path 3, 3b, 3a. Deuterium concentrated streams 2c, 3c are tapped off. Any nitrogen which passes into the exchange liquid in C U1 , is stripped in stripper 5 by countercurrently contacting with a stream of hydrogen 4 tapped from the main stream and which then flows to the synthesis gas. The hydrogen is replenished by stream 5. Alternatively the nitrogen may be removed by flashing or by using a different hydrogen source. The exchange liquid is an amine e.g. having up to five carbon atoms/molecule, water or any mixture thereof with ammonia and may contain a catalyst e.g. potassium amide. Amines specified are 1,2-diaminoethane and 1,2- and 1,3-diaminopropanes.

Device for pumping hydrogen isotopes from the vacuum volume of a thermonuclear installation

РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2015 144 258 A (51) МПК C01B 3/00 (2006.01) B01D 59/10 (2006.01) B01D 63/00 (2006.01) G21B 1/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2015144258, 14.10.2015 Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 14.10.2015 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 18.04.2017 Бюл. № 11 R U (57) Формула изобретения 1. Устройство для откачки изотопов водорода из вакуумного объема термоядерной установки с помощью композитной мембраны на основе металлов 5-й группы Периодической системы элементов ниобия, ванадия, тантала или их сплавов друг с другом и атомизатора молекул изотопов водорода, установленных внутри откачного тракта термоядерной установки, отличающееся тем, что содержит одинаковые расположенные параллельно друг другу модули, установленные вдоль откачного тракта термоядерной установки, при этом каждая из упомянутых модулей включает заключенные в корпус композитную мембрану, атомизатор, систему охлаждения и выходной объем, причем системы охлаждения модулей соединены друг с другом, выходные объемы модулей объединены в единый выходной объем, а откачной тракт термоядерной установки в местах отсутствия модулей перекрыт диафрагмой для предотвращения прохождения откачиваемой смеси газов, минуя модули. 2. Устройство по п. 1, отличающееся тем, что откачной тракт имеет цилиндрическую форму, в которую установлено семь упомянутых модулей. Стр.: 1 A 2 0 1 5 1 4 4 2 5 8 A (54) Устройство для откачки изотопов водорода из вакуумного объема термоядерной установки 2 0 1 5 1 4 4 2 5 8 (72) Автор(ы): Лившиц Александр Иосифович (RU), Ноткин Михаил Евсеевич (RU), Алимов Василий Николаевич (RU), Буснюк Андрей Олегович (RU), Передистов Евгений Юрьевич (RU) R U Адрес для переписки: 199034, Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., 7/9, Университет, Управление-Центр интеллектуальной собственности и трансфера технологий, Матвееву А.А., Матвеевой Т.И. (71) Заявитель(и): Федеральное государственное бюджетное ...

Removal of tritiated species from gas streams comprised thereof

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Tritiated species, e.g., tritium, tritiated water, and/or tritiated hydrocarbons, are removed from gas streams comprised thereof by reacting the same over a precious metal catalyst with sufficient air or oxygen to convert all tritiated species to tritiated water and, if hydrocarbons are present in the gaseous feedstock, carbon dioxide. The tritiated water and any other moisture that might be present in the reaction effluent are next adsorbed by a desiccant dryer, preferably to a level of less than one part per million. Most desirably, the desiccant dryer effluent is thence diluted with non-radioactive water such that the tritiated water is diluted by a factor of at least 1,000 to 1; the resulting water mixture can be adsorbed from the diluted effluent by a second desiccant dryer to provide a value in the ultimate effluent gas of less than about one-half parts per billion tritiated water.

Heat generating system

Catalytic exchange apparatus

Isotope separation - by insertion in a carbonaceous material esp for h and

Method may also be used for alkali metals, halogens, metal halides, oxyhalides or oxides. Isotope effect is high and separation is rapid. Enriched material may be liberated by heating. Absorbent may be graphite, B-doped carbon or carbon contg. an alkali metal, pref. KC8 or KC24.

Multicomponent plasmonic photocatalysts consisting of a plasmonic antenna and a reactive catalytic surface: the antenna-reactor effect

A method of making a multicomponent photocatalyst, includes inducing precipitation from a pre-cursor solution comprising a pre-cursor of a plasmonic material and a pre-cursor of a reactive component to form co-precipitated particles; collecting the co-precipitated particles; and annealing the co-precipitated particles to form the multicomponent photocatalyst comprising a reactive component optically, thermally, or electronically coupled to a plasmonic material.

Improvements to polymerization and exchange catalysts

Method of restraining diffusion of tritium and apparatus for same

A method of restraining a diffusion of tritium and an apparatus for same are disclosed. The method includes the step of disposing a hydrogen-absorbing metal (16) in a tritium passage in a direction of diffusion of tritium so that the hydrogen-absorbing metal absorbs tritium to be diffused. The apparatus includes a hydrogen-absorbing metal (16) surrounding a device of a fast breeder reactor. The tritium to be diffused can be readily captured. An arrangement of capturing the tritium permeating the device is simplified in the present invention.