ЭМУЛЬГАТОР ДЛЯ ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ ЭМУЛЬСИОННЫХ ВЗРЫВЧАТЫХ ВЕЩЕСТВ

Изобретение может быть использовано в производстве взрывчатых веществ эмульсионного типа для взрывных работ. Эмульгатор для промышленных эмульсионных взрывчатых веществ содержит индустриальное масло, гелеобразователь, пенообразователь, поверхностно-активное вещество и стабилизатор. В качестве гелеобразователя он содержит алкенилянтарный ангидрид, в качестве пенообразователя метилцеллюлозу, в качестве поверхностно-активного вещества ПО6РЗ, в качестве стабилизатора - олеат глицерина. Состав эмульгатора имеет следующее соотношение компонентов, мас.%: алкенилянтарный ангидрид 30-35 метилцеллюлоза 0,5-1,5 ПО6РЗ 0,7-1,1 олеат глицерина 0,8-1,2 индустриальное масло остальное. Обеспечивается повышение вязкости эмульсионного взрывчатого состава после закачивания в скважину и повышение продолжительности времени жизни в скважине.

КИСЛОРОДПОГЛОЩАЮЩИЕ КОМПОЗИЦИИ И УПАКОВКА, ВКЛЮЧАЮЩАЯ УКАЗАННЫЕ КОМПОЗИЦИИ

Изобретение относится к кислородпоглощающей композиции для создания упаковки для защиты кислородчувствительных материалов. Композиция включает (а) по меньшей мере один сложнополиэфирный полимер; (b) по меньшей мере одно соединение формулы Е в количестве примерно 0,10-10% мас. и (с) по меньшей мере один переходный металл в положительном окисленном состоянии в количестве 10-400 ч./млн. Соединение Е представляет собой структуру формулы (I) ! или формулы (II) ! ; где Ar представляет собой арил или гетероарил; R1, R2 и R11 - Н, С1-С12алкил, C1-С6алкокси, гидрокси, С2-С6алкенил; R3, R4, R14 и R15 - Н; R5-R10, и R16, и R17 - Н или C1-С3алкил; R12 и R13 - Н или C1-С6алкокси; n и р=0 или от 1 до 5; q=0 или от 1 до 4. Изобретение также относится к стенке упаковки, содержащей такую композицию, способу формования таких упаковок и способу упаковывания кислородчувствительного материала в такую упаковку. Изобретение позволяет получать формуемые изделия с повышенными кислородпоглощающими свойствами и низкими ...

СОСТАВ ВЗРЫВЧАТОГО ВЕЩЕСТВА И СПОСОБ ДОСТАВКИ В СКВАЖИНУ

Изобретение относится к составу взрывчатого вещества, пригодному для использования на слабых и влажных грунтах. Состав взрывчатого вещества (ВВ) содержит взрывчатое вещество, включающее окислительный компонент в водной фазе эмульсии типа «вода в масле» или водосуспензионном геле и объемообразующее вещество, в количестве от 1 до 50 мас.%, содержащее дискретные частицы твердой горючей субстанции. Горючая субстанция растворяется в воде, но не растворима в составе ВВ. Состав содержит от 50 до 99 мас.% взрывчатого вещества. Также раскрыт способ подачи состава ВВ в скважину и способ снижения выброса дымовых газов за счет использования данного состава ВВ. Решение представляет собой новый состав взрывчатого вещества, пригодный для использования на слабых и влажных грунтах. 3 н. и 23 з.п. ф-лы, 4 табл., 4 пр.

ЭМУЛЬГАТОР ДЛЯ ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ ЭМУЛЬСИОННЫХ ВЗРЫВЧАТЫХ ВЕЩЕСТВ

Изобретение может быть использовано в производстве взрывчатых веществ эмульсионного типа для взрывных работ. Эмульгатор для промышленных эмульсионных взрывчатых веществ в качестве гелеобразователя содержит желатин, в качестве пенообразователя - синтетическое моющее средство, в качестве поверхностно-активного вещества - хозяйственное мыло, в качестве стабилизатора - глицерин. Состав имеет следующее соотношение компонентов, мас.%: желатин 18-22; синтетическое моющее средство 0,9-1,1; хозяйственное мыло 0,4-0,6; глицерин 8-12; индустриальное масло - остальное. Обеспечивается повышение вязкости эмульсионного взрывчатого состава после закачивания в скважину и повышение продолжительности времени жизни в скважине. 1 табл.

ЭМУЛЬГАТОР ДЛЯ ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ ЭМУЛЬСИОННЫХ ВЗРЫВЧАТЫХ ВЕЩЕСТВ

Изобретение может быть использовано в производстве взрывчатых веществ эмульсионного типа для взрывных работ. Эмульгатор для промышленных эмульсионных взрывчатых веществ в качестве гелеобразователя содержит альгиновую кислоту, в качестве пенообразователя – жирные кислоты Е570, в качестве поверхностно-активного вещества – жидкое стекло, в качестве стабилизатора – гуммиарабик. Компоненты состава имеют следующее соотношение, мас.%:Альгиновая кислота – 18-22,Жирные кислоты – Е570 0,9-1,1,Жидкое стекло – 0,4-0,6,Гуммиарабик – 8-12,Индустриальное масло – Остальное.Обеспечивается повышение вязкости эмульсионного взрывчатого состава после закачивания в скважину и повышение продолжительности времени жизни в скважине. 1 табл.

ИНГИБИРОВАННЫЕ ЭМУЛЬСИИ ДЛЯ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ПРИ ВЗРЫВНЫХ РАБОТАХ В РЕАКЦИОННОСПОСОБНОМ ГРУНТЕ ИЛИ В УСЛОВИЯХ ВЫСОКИХ ТЕМПЕРАТУР

Изобретение относится к способам доставки ингибированных эмульсий и к связанной с ними системе. Способ доставки ингибированной эмульсии в шпур включает в себя подачу эмульсии, содержащей дисперсную фазу окислителя и непрерывную фазу топлива, подачу отдельного раствора ингибитора, содержащего воду, ингибитор и модификатор точки кристаллизации, смешивание эмульсии с раствором ингибитора с образованием ингибированной эмульсии и перекачку ингибированной эмульсии в шпур. Способ взрывания в реакционноспособном грунте, высокотемпературном грунте или в обоих видах грунта включает в себя подачу эмульсии, содержащей дисперсную фазу окислителя и непрерывную фазу топлива, подачу раствора ингибитора, содержащего воду и модификатор точки кристаллизации, смешивание раствора ингибитора при заданной концентрации, скорости потока или обоих свойствах вместе с эмульсией с образованием ингибированной эмульсии с достаточным количеством раствора ингибитора для достижения требуемого ингибирования заданного реакционноспособного ...

СПОСОБ СНИЖЕНИЯ ПЛОТНОСТИ С ПОМОЩЬЮ ГАЗООБРАЗУЮЩЕГО СРЕДСТВА

... 1. Способ снижения плотности продуктов из нитрата аммония, включающий обеспечение газообразующего средства в виде нерастворимого в воде твердого соединения, обладающего способностью к выделению газа при химической реакции, у которого средний диаметр частиц составляет менее 40 мкм; обеспечение продукта из нитрата аммония; введение нерастворимого в воде газообразующего средства в продукт из нитрата аммония в условиях, вызывающих выделение газа из газообразующего средства в продукт из нитрата аммония; измельчение продукта из нитрата аммония с образованием гранулированного продукта нитрата аммония с пониженной плотностью. 2. Способ по п.1, в котором условия, вызывающие выделение газа в продукт из нитрата аммония зависят от регулирования скорости выделения газа и размера пузырьков образовавшегося газа. 3. Способ по п.2, в котором условия зависят по меньшей мере от одного из следующих параметров: вида добавляемого газообразующего средства; количества добавляемого газообразующего средства, размера ...

ЭМУЛЬСИОННЫЙ ВЗРЫВЧАТЫЙ СОСТАВ

Изобретение относится к промышленным взрывчатым веществам, а именно к эмульсионному взрывчатому составу (ЭВС), включающему в мас.%: аммиачную селитру 74-76, минеральное масло 6-7, воду 12 и эмульгатор - остальное. При этом эмульгатор получен путем смешения лецитина, гуммиарабика, бентонита, пенообразователя для пожаротушения - концентрированного водного раствора поверхностно-активного вещества, а именно синтетического углеводородного пенообразователя и нейтрализованного черного контакта с водой. Эмульгатор обеспечивает повышенную вязкость ЭВС после закачивания в скважину и повышение продолжительности времени жизни в скважине. 1 табл., 5 пр.

УНИВЕРСАЛЬНЫЙ ЭМУЛЬГАТОР ОБРАТНЫХ ЭМУЛЬСИЙ

Изобретение относится к эмульгаторам обратных эмульсий «вода в масле», которые применяют при получении промышленных эмульсионных взрывчатых веществ. Универсальный эмульгатор обратных эмульсий содержит индустриальное масло, смесь продуктов конденсации алкенил-(полиизобутилен)-янтарного ангидрида с аминопроизводными и аддуктов жирных кислот и стабилизатор эмульсии. В качестве аддуктов жирных кислот используют алкилоламиды жирных кислот растительных масел, а в качестве стабилизатора - гидрофобизированные продукты гидратации растительных масел. Универсальный эмульгатор обеспечивает получение эмульсий с высокой степенью дисперсности (1-3 мкм), сохраняющейся длительное время, устойчивостью к кристаллизации и высокой водостойкостью. 2 з.п. ф-лы, 2 табл.

Взрывчатое смесевое вещество

Cast explosive composition

The invention relates to a cast explosive composition comprising a polymer-bonded explosive and a defoaming agent, and to a process for reducing the number and/or total volume of voids in a cast explosive composition comprising the steps of: combining a polymer-bonded explosive and a defoaming agent; and casting the explosive composition. The defoaming agent may be used for reducing the number and/or total volume of voids in a cast explosive composition and the cast explosive composition may be used in an explosive product.

Improvements in or relating to ammonium nitrate

A modified ammonium nitrate consists of a mixture of 100 parts of ammonium nitrate and 0.01 to 1.0 part of at least one dyestuff of sulphonated aromatic character, other than Acid Magenta (Colour Index No. 692), which is soluble to the extent of at least 0.01 per cent in a saturated aqueous ammonium nitrate solution at 20 DEG C. and induces the formation of (010) prisms, laths, plates or scales on crystallisation of ammonium nitrate IV instead of the usual (110) elongated prisms or needles. The dyestuffs specified are Amaranth (No. 184), Disulphine Blue V (No. 172) and the ammonium salt of disulphonated Methyl Violet. The modified ammonium nitrate may be made either by granulation, direct or spray crystallisation of aqueous solutions of ammonium nitrate and at least one of the dyestuffs, or by dry admixture of the ingredients.

REACTIVE COMPOSITE MATERIAL STRUCTURES WITH ENDOTHERMIC REACTANTS

Article blanks for forming articles having circuits comprise: i) a host material, ii) an arrangement of reactive composite materials (RCM) disposed in or proximate to the host material, wherein the RCM comprises reactive metals and forms a pattern corresponding to at least one segment of a circuit, iii) one or more endothermic reactants proximate to or interposed between the RCM to modulate an exothermic reaction of the RCM. The endothermic material may be two or more of nitrates, hydrates, water and ammonium nitrate, ice and ammonium nitrate, barium hydroxide octahydrate and ammonium chloride, thionyl chloride and cobalt (II) sulphate heptahydrate.

Process for the defined increase in the molecular weight of unsaturated polymerised hydrocarbons

The molecular weight of unsaturated polymerized hydrocarbon prepared by the polymerization of one or more diolefins or copolymerization of diolefines with mono-olefins in an inert organic solvent using as the polymerization catalyst metallic Na and/or K or their organic compounds containing carbon-metal or nitrogen-metal bonds is increased by reacting the polymerizate after the end of polymerization or after the desired degree of conversion has been reached, and before or after decomposition of the catalyst with another catalyst system consisting of (a) a compound of the general formula RnMeXy-n in which Me denotes B, Al, Ga, Be, Mg, Ca, Zn. Si, Sn, As, Sb, Ti, Zr, P, Mo, W, Bi, Fe, Hg, Cd, V, or U; X denotes F, Cl, Br, or I, R denotes H, an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkoxy, or sulphoxy radical, or a carboxylate anion, y denotes the valency of Me, and n has a value from zero to the valency of Me, and (b) a compound containing active hydrogen. The catalyst component (a) is added ...

GELATINOUS BLASTING EXPLOSIVE

... 1298495 Explosive compositions EXPLOSIVES & CHEMICAL PRODUCTS Ltd 5 July 1971 [13 July 1970] 33973/70 Heading C1D A gelatinous blasting explosive comprises ammonium nitrate; more than 10% of a non-high explosive mono- or di-nitro aromatic compound as a principal sensitizer for the ammonium nitrate; water; a hydrophilic gelling agent and a cross-linking agent; and as an ancillary sensitizer, discrete particles of foamed synthetic plastics material. The aromatic compound may be dinitrotoluene, dinitrobenzene, mononitrobenzene, or mononitrotolueno, the gelling agent guar gum, the cross-linking agent borax, and the ancillary sensitizer spherical granules of foamed styrene polymer or copolymer. Sodium nitrate may be present with the ammonium nitrate.

Explosive compositions

The tendency of a primary initiating explosive composition containing lead azide and/or lead styphnate to adhere to press punches is reduced by including in the composition molybdenum disulphide. Preferably, the MoS2 is of average size less than 20 microns and is present in an amount of 0.1 to 4% by weight of the composition. The composition may be made by dispersing MoS2 with the aid of a wetting agent in an aqueous gelatine solution, and running simultaneously into this solution an aqueous solution of lead nitrate and an aqueous solution containing sodium azide and Rochelle salt; MoS2 is bound within the precipitated lead azide crystals. Dextrin may be used in place of gelatine, and the sodium azide solution may contain caustic soda. Lead styphnate may be similarly prepared by precipitation in an aqueous solution of a colloid in the presence of a dispersion of MoS2.ALSO:The tendency of a primary initiating explosive composition containing lead azide and/or lead styphnate to adhere to ...

COPOLYMERS

Ram mixing

Improvements in or relating to gas generating systems

... 874,564. Rockets and rocket propellants. SUPPLY, MINISTER OF, and CHRISTENSEN, H. C. Sept. 18, 1948, No. 24520/48. Class 9(2). A self combustible plastic propellant consists of an intimate mixture of one or more non- binder constituents in finely divided form including an inorganic oxidising agent, and a viscous adhesive binder comprising a solution or dispersion of an organic polymeric substance in an organic liquid of low volatility, the binder having a viscosity in the neighbourhood of 10,000 poises at room temperature, the amount of binder being from substantially 10 to 18% by weight of the total composition. The proportions are so chosen that the mass can be easily moulded under pressure but does not flow under its own weight. Inorganic oxidising agents specified are alkali or alkaline earth metal nitrates, chlorates and perchlorates, ammonium nitrate or perchlorate. Sodium nitrophenate or dinitrophenate or ammonium picrate, magnesium or carbon may be added. Binders specified are polystryene ...

Method of reducing density by means of gas-generating agent.

This invention relates to a method of reducing density in an ammonium nitrate product. The method comprises providing a gas generating agent in the form of a water-insoluble solid compound capable of generating gas by chemical reaction, and providing an ammonium nitrate product. The water-insoluble solid gas generating agent is introduced into the ammonium nitrate product under conditions causing gas generation by the gas generating agent in the ammonium nitrate product. The ammonium nitrate product is particulated to form a particulated prilled ammonium nitrate product with reduced density. The invention also relates to a particulaated ammonium nitrate product produced by this methood and to the use of gas generating agent in the form of a water-insoluble solid compound to reduce density in a aparticulated ammonium nitrate product.

NICHTDETONIERBARE AND NICHTEXPLOSIVE EXPLOSIVE SIMULATORS

EMULSION BLASTING AGENT

Explosive composition and method of delivery

Disclosed herein is an explosive composition for soft and wet ground. The explosive composition comprises an explosive comprising an oxidiser component in a water in oil emulsion or a water gel, and a bulking agent comprising discrete particles of a combustible substance. The combustible substance is water soluble but, in the explosive composition, migration of the combustible substance from the discrete particles to the oxidiser component is inhibited. Also disclosed is a method for delivering an explosive composition to a borehole, for example a borehole in soft and wet ground.

MICROWAVE IGNITION OF ELECTRICALLY OPERATED PROPELLANTS

Microwave energy is used to ignite and control the ignition of electrically operated propellant to produce high-pressure gas. The propellant includes conductive particles that act as a free source of electrons. Incoming microwave energy accumulates electric charge in an attenuation zone, which is discharged in the form of dielectric breakdowns to create local randomly oriented currents. The propellant also includes polar molecules. The polar molecules in the attenuation zone absorb microwave energy causing the molecules to rapidly vibrate thereby increasing the temperature of the propellant. The increase in temperature and the local current densities together establish an ignition condition to ignite and sustain ignition of an ignition surface of the attenuation zone as the zone regresses without igniting the remaining bulk of the propellant.

CAST EXPLOSIVE COMPOSITION

The invention relates to a cast explosive composition comprising a polymer-bonded explosive and a defoaming agent, and to a process for reducing the number and/or total volume of voids in a cast explosive composition comprising the steps of: combining a polymer-bonded explosive and a defoaming agent; and casting the explosive composition. The defoaming agent may be used for reducing the number and/or total volume of voids in a cast explosive composition and the cast explosive composition may be used in an explosive product.

BLASTING COMPOSITIONS

A blasting explosive composition containing a solid inorganic oxidising salt as the oxidizer component, a hydrocarbon liquid as the fuel component, and a binding agent. The composition can also contain an ammonium nitrate based emulsion. The binding agent can increase the water resistance, or increase the sleep time, of the explosive composition, or increase the fuel oil absorbency of the solid inorganic oxidising salt. The binding agent is selected from one or more of a long chain carboxylic acid and its salts and derivatives, especially those having from 8 to 100 or preferably 10 to 50 carbon units. The binding agent may preferably be selected from one or more of: dimer acid, trimer acid, polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, oleic acid, stearic acid, sorbitan tristearate, and their salts and esters.

Poudre propulsive perfectionnée et procédé pour sa fabrication.

Ammoniumnitrat enthaltendes Produkt, welches die Eigenschaft aufweist, nicht oder nur wenig zusammenzubacken bzw. zu erhärten, und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung.

Ammoniumnitrat enthaltendes Produkt, das die Eigenschaft aufweist, nicht oder nur wenig zusammenzubacken bzw. zu erhärten, und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung.

Ammoniumnitrat enthaltendes Produkt, welches die Eigenschaft aufweist, nicht oder nur wenig zusammenzubacken bzw. zu erhärten, und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung.

Explosives Gemisch

Detonationsfähige Dispersion und ihre Verwendung für die Herstellung von Sprengstoffen

PROCESS FOR PREPARING CROSS-LINKED BINDER PROPELLANTS FOR SINGLE AND DOUBLE-BASED PROPELLANT AND COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING CROSSLINKED SUCH A BINDER.

BUILDING AND CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL AND PROCEDURE FOR ITS PRODUCTION.

CONTINUOUS METHOD OF SYNTHESIS OF NANOMATERIALS BY SIMULTANEOUS EMULSIFYING AND DETONATION EMULSION

HIGH VOLUMETRIC ENERGY DENSITY ROCKET PROPELLANT

Method of preparation of a catalyst of decomposition of hydrazine and sesdérivés and catalyst thus obtained

COPOLYMER OF FLUOROMETHACRYLATE WITH STYRENE OR ITS DRIFT AND METHOD OF PREPARATION

INHIBITEUR DE COMBUSTION A BASE D'ELASTOMERE POLYURETHANNE ALIPHATIQUE POUR PROPERGOL, ET BLOC REVETU PAR CET INHIBITEUR

L'INVENTION CONCERNE UNE COMPOSITION INHIBITRICE DE COMBUSTION DESTINEE A RECOUVRIR PARTIELLEMENT LA SURFACE DE BLOCS DE PROPERGOL DOUBLE-BASE. LA COMPOSITION INHIBITRICE DE L'INVENTION COMPORTE UN POLYURETHANNE ALIPHATIQUE OBTENU PAR REACTION D'AU MOINS UN POLYISOCYANATE AVEC UN MELANGE D'AU MOINS UN POLYETHERPOLYOL CONTENANT AU MOINS TROIS FONCTIONS HYDROXYLES PAR MOLECULE ET D'AU MOINS UN POLYMERE CONTENANT DEUX FONCTIONS HYDROXYLES PAR MOLECULE. CE POLYMERE DIFONCTIONNEL EST CHOISI PARMI LES POLYMERES DE LACTONE, COMME LA POLYCAPROLACTONE ET LE POLYTETRAHYDROFURANNE. LA COMPOSITION INHIBITRICE PEUT EGALEMENT CONTENIR DES CHARGES GAZEIFIABLES ET UN PLASTIFIANT ALIPHATIQUE. CETTE COMPOSITION PRESENTE DES BONNES PROPRIETES DE DISCRETION, TOUT EN CONSERVANT D'EXCELLENTES PROPRIETES MECANIQUES. LA PRESENTE INVENTION S'APPLIQUE NOTAMMENT DANS LE DOMAINE DE LA PROPULSION SOLIDE D'ENGINS.

STATIC MIXER WITH A SHEARING DEVICE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF EXPLOSIVE

La présente invention concerne un 1. Procédé de production in situ de produit explosif (10) comprenant les étapes dans lesquels : 1) on transfère séparément jusqu'à un premier mélangeur (7), une matrice comprenant une émulsion et, un produit liquide contenant un réactif de gazéification, et 2) on mélange ladite matrice, et ledit réactif de gazéification, dans ledit premier mélangeur (7) à travers lequel les dite matrice et réactif de gazéification sont transférée en mélange, et 3) on transfère et dépose ledit produit explosif obtenu en sortie du dit premier mélangeur, dans un trou pour explosion (21), dans ou au-dessus duquel l'extrémité avale du premier mélangeur est disposée, caractérisé en ce qu'avant l'étape 3), on réalise une augmentation de la viscosité du dit mélange de dite matrice et dit réactif de gazéification par cisaillement au sein d'un tube ou tuyau fourreau (6,7) dans lequel la dite matrice et dit réactif de gazéification sont transférés, en passant le dit mélange dans un ...

REACTIVE PLASTICIZER BASED ETHER FOR EXPLOSIVES WITH A PLASTIC BINDER

La présente invention concerne un plastifiant réactif énergétique pour un explosif à liant plastique (PBX), et spécifiquement un plastifiant réactif énergétique pour PBX qui possède des performances et une insensibilité élevées sans fuite de plastifiant, en étant lié à un liant polymère pour un explosif à liant plastique.

PROCEDE DE REPERAGE ET DE CONTROLE A DISTANCE D'UN OBJET FIXE OU MOBILE

PROCEDE DE REPERAGE ET DE CONTROLE A DISTANCE UTILISANT L'ENERGIE RAYONNEE DANS LE SPECTRE ELECTROMAGNETIQUE. UNE SOURCE DE CHALEUR LIEE A L'OBJET A SURVEILLER EST ASSOCIEE A UN CORPS DONT LE SPECTRE D'EMISSION PRESENTE AU MOINS UNE RAIE CARACTERISTIQUE ET LE RECEPTEUR COMPORTE UN FILTRE ETROIT ACCORDE SUR LA FREQUENCE DE LADITE RAIE DE SORTE QUE L'ENERGIE LUMINEUSE CORRESPONDANT A CETTE RAIE EST RECUE SELECTIVEMENT. APPLICATION AU REPERAGE A DISTANCE D'UN OBJET MOBILE.

Low flammability cap-sensitive flexible explosive composition

A cap-sensitive flexible explosive composition of reduced flammability is provided by incorporating a finely divided, cap-sensitive explosive in a flame resistant polymeric binder system which contains a compatible flame retardant material.

Preparation of explosives containing degradation products of ascorbic or isoascorbic acid

A degradation product of ascorbic acid or isoascorbic acid obtained by heating the acid at a temperature between about 70 DEG C. and about 210 DEG C. until partial or complete decomposition of the acid occurs, useful in admixture with various nitrate-containing oxidation agents as an explosive and propellant material for a wide range of specific applications.

Copolymer of fluoromethacrylate with styrene or its derivative and method of preparing same

An alpha -trifluoromethylacrylate, which does not undergo radical homopolymerization, is easily and efficiently copolymerized with styrene or its derivatives by using a common radical polymerization initiator. The composition of the resultant copolymer does not greatly vary with the proportions of the monomers subjected to copolymerization and usually is close to an alternating copolymer.

Explosive booster composition

A packaged booster charge is provided which is sensitive to initiation by blasting cap yet which contains no self-explosive ingredient. The composition of the booster comprises a low melting point nitrate salt or salt mixture having dissolved or finely dispersed therein an acetylenic substance and void containing material. The booster is safe and economic to manufacture and sufficiently powerful to initiate insensitive blasting agents.

КОМПОЗИЦИОННЫЙ ЭМУЛЬГАТОР ДЛЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ЭМУЛЬСИОННЫХ ВЗРЫВЧАТЫХ ВЕЩЕСТВ И СПОСОБ ЕГО ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ

Изобретение относится к эмульгирующим составам, применяемым в производстве промышленных эмульсионных взрывчатых веществ (ЭВВ). Эмульгатор является продуктом взаимодействия смешанных триглицеридов насыщенных и ненасыщенных жирных кислот С-С, содержащихся в растительных маслах, с алканоламином или смесью алканоламинов, представляющим собой смесь длинноцепочечных жирных органических предельных и непредельных кислот, их алканоламинов, N-ацилированных жирными кислотами (и/или сложных эфиров жирных органических предельных и непредельных кислот с триалканоламином), моно- и диглицеридов. Эмульгатор получают смешением растительного масла с алканоламином или смесью алканоламинов в мольном соотношении 1:1,5-2 соответственно при температуре 120-140°С в присутствии гомогенного катализатора с последующим подкислением реакционной массы. Эмульгатор обладает высокими эксплуатационными характеристиками, низкой токсичностью и широкой сырьевой базой для производства, а также упрощенным способом его получения ...

ЭМУЛЬГИРУЮЩИЙ СОСТАВ ДЛЯ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ ЭМУЛЬСИЙ "ВОДА В МАСЛЕ"

Изобретение относится к производству эмульгирующих составов, выполняющих функцию поверхностно-активных соединений, применяемых при изготовлении эмульсионных взрывчатых веществ (ЭВВ), используемых для проведения буровзрывных работ в открытых угольных, горнорудных и других карьерах. Эмульгирующий состав для производства эмульсионных взрывчатых веществ включает полиизобутиленянтарный ангидрид или полиизобутиленаминоэфир. Дополнительно содержит масло индустриальное и сложные сорбитановые или глицериновые эфиры жирных кислот растительных масел или дистиллированного таллового масла с добавкой нефтеполимерной смолы, а именно бетапрена или петрозина. Соотношение компонентов, мас.%, в составе следующее: полиизобутиленянтарный ангидрид или полиизобутиленаминоэфир - 10-25, масло индустриальное - 10-25, сложные сорбитановые или глицериновые эфиры жирных кислот растительных масел или дистиллированного таллового масла с содержанием в них нефтеполимерной смолы, а именно бетапрена или петрозина, от 1 до ...

ЭМУЛЬСИОННЫЙ ВЗРЫВЧАТЫЙ СОСТАВ И СПОСОБ ЕГО ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ

Группа изобретений относится к промышленным взрывчатым веществам, используемым в горнорудной промышленности для инициирования скважинных и шпуровых зарядов, для отбойки блочного камня, для создания кумулятивных и накладных зарядов, а также способу получения эмульсионного состава. Эмульсионный взрывчатый состав на основе матричной эмульсии содержит воду, окислительную фазу, включающую аммиачную селитру в смеси с натриевой или кальциевой селитрой, углеводородную фазу, включающую церезин или микрокристаллический воск, и эмульгатор. В качестве сенсибилизатора использован водный раствор нитрита натрия или стеклянные или полимерные микросферы. В качестве эмульгатора использован сорбитан полиизобутиленянтарного ангидрида. Состав характеризуется следующим соотношением компонентов, мас.%: натриевая, кальциевая селитры или перхлорат аммония 5-25,0; вода 5,0-20,0; церезин, микрокристаллический воск или их смеси с предельными углеводородами с точкой каплепадения более 60°С 4,0-7,0; сорбитан полиизобутиленянтарного ...

ЭМУЛЬГИРУЮЩИЙ СОСТАВ ДЛЯ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ ЭМУЛЬСИЙ "ВОДА В МАСЛЕ"

КИСЛОРОДПОГЛОЩАЮЩИЕ КОМПОЗИЦИИ И УПАКОВКА, ВКЛЮЧАЮЩАЯ УКАЗАННЫЕ КОМПОЗИЦИИ

... 1. Композиция, включающая (а) по меньшей мере один базовый полимер; (b) по меньшей мере один неполимерный окисляющийся органический компонент, присутствующий в количестве примерно 0,10-10 мас.% композиции, и компонент, содержащий по меньшей мере одно соединение формулы E-(L-E)x, в которой Е представляет собой структуру формулы (I) формулы (II) L представляет собой связывающую группу формулы -(O-R21)z-O-, -(NH-R21)z-NH-, -(NH-C(=O)R22)t-NH, -NH-R25-NH(C(=O)R26NH-R25NH)u-, -(O-R23-O-R24-C(=O)s-O-, где L присоединена к углеродному атому Ar в структуре (I), или где R12 или R13 структуры (II) представляет собой L; х равно 0, 1 или 2; Ar представляет собой арил или гетероарил; R1, R2 и R11 представляют собой каждый независимо Н, С1-С12алкил, С1-С6алкокси, С6-С20арилокси, гидрокси, С2-С6алкенил, NR19R20, ацетил, нитро, глицерил, углевод, -С(=О)Н, L, или две R1 или две R2 группы могут образовывать группу формулы -O-R18-O-; R3, R4, R14 и R15 каждый представляют собой Н; R5-R10 и R16 и R17 представляют ...

RDX composition and process

Simulants for hazardous chmicals

COMBUSTION INHIBITOR COMPOSITIONS FOR COATING SOLID PROPELLANTS

Method of breaking brittle solids

GAS GENERATING COMPOSITIONS

... 1391310 Gas-generating compositions CANADIAN INDUSTRIES Ltd 12 July 1973 [24 July 1972] 34481/72 Heading C1D A gas-generating composition comprises an azide of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal and an oxidizing compound in an amount sufficient to react completely with the azide to liberate nitrogen, and contains as an additive silica or an oxide of Al, Ti, Sn, or Zn, with or without elemental Si, Al, Ti, Sn, or Zn. The additive reacts with the toxic and corrosive residue of the reaction between the azide and the oxidizing compound. The oxidizing compound may be an inorganic peroxide, perchlorate, or nitrate, many of which are specified. In order to reduce the impact sensitivity of the composition, fumed silica coated with a silane may be added. In examples, the ingredients present are sodium azide, SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , Si, Al, potassium perchlorate and chlorate, and coated fumed silica.

PATRONENMÜNITION, IN PARTICULAR ÜBUNGSMÜNITION

Oxygen scavenging compositions and packaging comprising said compositions

EXPLOSIVE BOOSTER COMPOSITION

Surfactant for gassed emulsion explosive

Noble gas infused emulsion explosive

Provided is an emulsion explosive composition having voids/bubbles formed from one or more noble gases dispersed therein. Also provided is a method of manufacturing an emulsion explosive composition that includes mechanically and/or pneumatically infusing an emulsion explosive composition with a noble gas so as to create voids/bubbles formed from one or more noble gases. The noble gases can be contained within closed-cell micro-spheres that are dispersed throughout the emulsion explosive composition.

Method and device

A method of generating electricity which comprises forming a galvanic cell comprising two electrodes in contact with an ionic conductor, wherein the ionic conductor comprises an explosive composition or is derived from an explosive composition.

Mechanically-gassed emulsion explosives and methods related thereto

Emulsion explosives with gas bubbles that are resistant to in-borehole migration or coalescence are disclosed herein. Such emulsions can be sensitized by mechanically-introducing gas bubbles into the emulsion. Resistance to gas bubble migration and coalescence can be achieved by homogenization, without the need for bubble stabilization agents.

FOAMABLE EXPLOSIVE COMBINATIONS

The invention relates to a foamable explosive combination comprising a so called "liquid" explosive, conveniently an oxidizing salt or salt-saturated aqueous composition, with a low boiling point liquid dispersed through the combination. The low boiling point liquid is selected to maintain its liquid form at normal temperature and elevated pressure and to vaporize at atmospheric temperature and pressure. When packaged in a container part of the low boiling point liquid, or a second low boiling point liquid, vaporizes to maintain at least part of the first low boiling point liquid in liquid form within the combination and in such a state the combination is stable and has a relatively long shelf life. When the combination is released from the container to atmosphere the low boiling point liquid in the combination vaporizes to foam the combination. The combination may also include metals, such as aluminum, or solids explosive materials in finely divided form.

IMPROVEMENTS TO SOLID ELECTRICALLY CONTROLLED PROPELLANTS

The present application discloses a variety of improvements that enhance at least one of the mechanical, chemical/energetic, ballistic, or adhesive properties, of a class of ECPs, regardless of whether said ECPs are in solid phase or gels, singly or in combinations thereof.

SURFACTANT FOR GASSED EMULSION EXPLOSIVE

SURFACTANT FOR GASSED EMULSION EXPLOSIVE

A water-in-oil emulsion explosive that is sensitized by chemically formed gas bubbles. The water-in-oil emulsion explosives of this invention contain a water-immiscible organic fuel as the continuous phase, an emulsified inorganic oxidizer salt solution as the discontinuous phase, an emulsifier, a chemical gassing agent and a surfactant for increasing the rate of gas generation from the gassing agent. The invention also relates to a method of forming such explosives.

METHOD OF SYNTHESIS OF NANOMATERIALS BY OBTAINING AND DETONATION EMULSION, PRODUCTS AND EMULSION

Explosive compositions

Composite propellants with a cellulose acetate binder

Devices and processes for manufacture making it possible to produce one or more flame(s) of chosen colour(s) with ordinary or safety matches, cubes, logs, billets, bundles, torches, decorative fires etc. made of solid or particle wood or of alcohol-based pastes

MANUFACTURING METHOD OF INERT HIGH EXPLOSIVE WARHEAD

The present invention relates to a manufacturing method of an inert high explosive warhead, and more specifically, to a manufacturing method of an inert high explosive warhead which replaces paraffin used as one of raw materials of existing inert high-explosives, with stearic acid having a higher melting point than that of the paraffin, thereby improving productivity and facilitating operation. COPYRIGHT KIPO 2017 (S10) Step of preparing the coarse and inert fill ingredients (S30) Step of forming a mixture (S50) Step of charging the mixture into the cavity ...

Explosivos de emulsión gasificados mecánicamente y métodos relacionados con ellos.

Los explosivos en emulsión con burbujas de gas que son resistentes a la migración dentro del pozo o a la coalescencia se describen en la presente descripción. Tales emulsiones pueden sensibilizarse mediante al introducir mecánicamente burbujas de gas en la emulsión. La resistencia a la migración de burbujas de gas y coalescencia puede lograrse mediante la homogeneización, sin la necesidad de agentes de estabilización de burbujas.

ИМИТАТОР АЗОТОСОДЕРЖАЩЕГО ВЗРЫВЧАТОГО ВЕЩЕСТВА

Изобретение относится к области исследования и анализа материалов радиационными методами, в частности с помощью рентгеновского излучения и нейтронного излучения, и преимущественно может быть использовано в качестве имитатора азотосодержащего взрывчатого вещества, за исключением взрывчатого вещества на основе гексогена или октогена, при проведении испытаний, настройке и калибровке рентгеновских и нейтронно-радиационных установок для обнаружения взрывчатого вещества внутри контролируемого предмета, используемых с целью борьбы с терроризмом и незаконным оборотом взрывчатых веществ, а также при обучении операторов работе на указанных установках. Имитатор содержит твердое тело любой формы из смеси порошкообразных нитрата алюминия 9-вoднoгo в количестве 29-37 мac.%, меламина в количестве 15-21 мac.% и графита в количестве 42-56 мac.%, а плотность твердого тела составляет 1,4-1,7 г/см3. Изобретение обеспечивает расширение арсенала используемых средств имитации взрывчатых веществ и создание безопасного ...

High volumetric energy density rocket propellant

A rocket propellant includes a hydrocarbon blend having a total aromatic compounds content less than 0.5 mass percent, a specific energy of at least 18.4 KBtu/lb, and a mass density of at least 0.8150 grams per cubic centimeter. The propellant, which can be prepared by blending a refined kerosene with an isoparaffin and/or a cycloparaffin, exhibits a high volumetric heat of combustion and excellent thermal stability. This combination of properties is especially useful for fueling reusable launch vehicles employing regenerative cooling of engine components.

Synthesis of energetic material particles with controlled morphology

A surfactant-assisted self-assembly method can be used to crystallize energetic materials with controlled morphology. Microparticles of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) formed by this method may have enhanced functional reproducibility due to their monodisperse nature, and decreased shock sensitivity due to their sub-2 μm particle size. 1. A method to synthesize energetic material particles , comprising:providing a first solution comprising hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane and a first solvent;providing a second solution comprising a second solvent that is immiscible in and has a higher boiling point than the first solvent;providing a surfactant in the first or the second solution;mixing the first and the second solutions to form an emulsion comprising the first solvent dispersed in the second solvent; andevaporating the first solvent to form particles of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first solvent comprises a polar aprotic solvent.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the polar aprotic solvent comprises ethyl acetate or acetone.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second solvent comprises a hydrocarbon.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the hydrocarbon comprises heptane or octane.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the surfactant comprises an ionic surfactant.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the ionic surfactant comprises cetyl trimethylammonium bromide or sodium dodecyl sulfate.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the surfactant comprises a nonionic surfactant.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the nonionic surfactant comprises a sorbitan ester claim 8 , ethoxylated sorbitan ester claim 8 , or polyethylene glycol alkyl ether.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane particles are spherical in shape.11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane particles are less than 4 microns in diameter.12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane particles have an ...

СПОСОБ СНИЖЕНИЯ ПЛОТНОСТИ С ПОМОЩЬЮ ГАЗООБРАЗУЮЩЕГО СРЕДСТВА

Настоящее изобретение касается способа уменьшения плотности продуктов из нитрата аммония. Способ включает обеспечение газообразующего средства в виде нерастворимого в воде твердого карбонатного соединения, способного к выделению газа при химической реакции, и обеспечение продукта из нитрата аммония. Нерастворимое в воде твердое газообразующее средство, имеющее средний диаметр частиц менее 40 мкм вводят в продукт из нитрата аммония, имеющий кислую реакцию, причем значение рН находится между 2 и 5. При получении гранул из продукта нитрата аммония образуется гранулированный или приллированный продукт нитрата аммония с пониженной плотностью. Изобретение также касается гранулированных продуктов из нитрата аммония, получаемых этим способом, и взрывчатой композиции, содержащий гранулированный продукт из нитрата аммония, полученного этим способом. Заявленный способ обеспечивает увеличение объема замкнутых пор и соответственно снижение объемной насыпной плотности. 3 с. 17 з.п. ф-лы, 2 табл.

МАРКИРУЮЩАЯ ДОБАВКА

ИМИТАТОР ВЗРЫВЧАТОГО ВЕЩЕСТВА НА ОСНОВЕ ГЕКСОГЕНА ИЛИ ОКТОГЕНА

Изобретение относится к области исследования и анализа материалов радиационными методами и может быть использовано в качестве имитатора взрывчатого вещества на основе гексогена или октогена. Имитатор содержит твердое тело любой формы из смеси порошкообразных нитрата алюминия 9-водного в количестве 20…36 мас.%, меламина в количестве 40…44 мас.%, графита в количестве 11…15 мас.%, сахарозы в количестве 9…13 мас.% и редиспергируемого поливинилацетата в количестве 9…11 мас.%, а плотность твердого тела составляет 1,5…1,9 г/см3. Обеспечивается создание безопасного имитатора взрывчатого вещества на основе гексогена или октогена для испытаний установок для обнаружения взрывчатых веществ. 2 з.п. ф-лы.

ИНЕРТНЫЙ ПРЕССОВЫЙ СОСТАВ

Изобретение относится к оборонной технике и может быть применено для изготовления (снаряжения) габаритно-массовых имитаторов (ГМИ) боеприпасов. Предлагаемые инертные прессовые составы могут имитировать по теплофизическим характеристикам и плотностям различные взрывчатые алюмосодержащие смеси, а также позволяют использовать боеприпасы, снаряженные данным составом, в температурном диапазоне 150-300°C. Инертные прессовые составы представляют собой механические смеси инертных порошкообразных наполнителей, состоящие из алюминия, компонентов-наполнителей и связующего. В качестве связующего используют фторопласт, в качестве компонентов-наполнителей используют смесь меламина с барием сернокислым или смесь стеарата натрия с барием сернокислым в зависимости от марки инертного состава. Технический результат заключается в обеспечении возможности применения боеприпасов, снаряженных предложенным составом в заявленном температурном диапазоне. 2 ил., 4 табл.

Матричная эмульсия для приготовления эмульсионного взрывчатого состава

Изобретение относится к промышленным взрывчатым веществам, а именно к матричной эмульсии для приготовления эмульсионного взрывчатого состава. Матричная эмульсия включает аммиачную селитру, жидкое горючее, эмульгатор, сенсибилизирующую добавку и воду, в качестве регулирующей добавки используют измельченный котельный шлак, при следующем соотношении компонентов, мас.%: аммиачная селитра 70-75; жидкое горючее 6-6,5; эмульгатор 2-3; сенсибилизирующая добавка 2-3; измельченный котельный шлак 0,3-3; вода - остальное. Технический результат заключается в снижении скорости детонации эмульсионного взрывчатого вещества, расширении области применения для отбойки блочного камня и других видов специальных взрывных работ, а также снижении издержек на буровзрывные работы. 1 табл.

Состав инертного наполнителя

Изобретение относится к ракетостроению, а именно к разработке имитаторов наполнителей камер сгорания топлива. Состав инертного наполнителя содержит компоненты-наполнители и связующее, состоящее из эпоксидной смолы и аминного отвердителя. В качестве компонентов-наполнителей используется смесь резиновой крошки с дробью колотой из черных металлов. Изобретение обеспечивает состав инертного наполнителя, который является универсальным с широким диапазоном регулирования плотности и соответствующими массоцентровочными и адгезионными свойствами. 1 табл., 2 пр.

ВЗРЫВЧАТЫЕ КОМПОЗИЦИИ

... 1. Смешанная взрывчатая композиция, содержащая порошкообразный окисляющий компонент и горючий компонент, в которой порошкообразный окисляющий компонент содержит одну или несколько окисляющих солей, а горючий компонент содержит углеродистый материал и связующий агент, растворенный в нем, и связующий агент выбирают из одного или нескольких из следующего: длинноцепочечная карбоновая кислота и ее соли и производные, отличающаяся тем, что связующий агент связывает углеродистый материал с порошкообразным окисляющим компонентом, тем самым повышается водостойкость смешанной взрывчатой композиции.2. Смешанная взрывчатая композиция по п. 1, в которой окисляющая соль представляет собой нитрат аммония.3. Смешанная взрывчатая композиция по п. 1, в которой окисляющая соль имеет форму отдельных дискретных частиц, например гранул.4. Смешанная взрывчатая композиция по п. 1, в которой углеродистый материал представляет собой жидкое топливо.5. Смешанная взрывчатая композиция по п. 1, которая представляет ...

ВЗРЫВЧАТАЯ КОМПОЗИЦИЯ И СПОСОБ ЕЕ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ И СПОСОБ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ НАНОАЛМАЗА, ДОПИРОВАННОГО ГЕТЕРОАТОМОМ

Изобретение относится к нанотехнологии и может быть использовано в оптически детектируемом маргитном резонансе, а также при изготовлении зондов для флуоресцентной визуализации и квантовых битов. Взрывчатая композиция содержит 90-99,99 мас. % по меньшей мере одного взрывчатого вещества и 0,01-10 мас. % по меньшей мере одного гетероатомного соединения, выбранного из алкил- или арилзамещенного силана; силана с алкильной или арильной группой и атомом водорода; углеродного материала, допированного кремнием; ароматического силана, в котором атом кремния включён в ароматическое кольцо; силана, содержащего гидроксигруппу, низшую алкильную или карбоксильную группу; силана, имеющего атом галогена; органических соединений германия, титана, вольфрама, серы или селена; алкильных соединений олова. Органическое гетероатомное соединение во взрывчатой композиции также может быть выбрано из соединений арилолова; арилсульфонатов кобальта; бис(бензол)хрома, бис(этилбензол)хрома и бис(мезитилен)хрома; соединений ...

Твердое газогенерирующее топливо

Biodegradable shell simulation

REACTIVE COMPOSITE MATERIAL STRUCTURES WITH ENDOTHERMIC REACTANTS

REACTIVE COMPOSITE MATERIAL STRUCTURES WITH ENDOTHERMIC REACTANTS

An article comprises an arrangement of reactive composite material (RCM) in proximate arrangement with one or more endothermic reactants. In use, the endothermic reactant tempers the reaction in the reactive composite material. Devices and components that can interact with or modify propagation of electromagnetic waves are disclosed. The design, fabrication and structures of the devices exploit the properties of reactive composite materials (RCM) and reaction products thereof.

Explosive booster composition

GAS BUBBLE-SENSITIZED EXPLOSIVE COMPOSITIONS

COPOLYMERS OF TRIFLUROMETHYLACRYLATES WITH STYRENE OR A DERIVATIVE THEREOF AND METHOD OF PREPARING SAME

Reactive composite material structures with endothermic reactants

Improvements in or relating to energetic materials

A tackifier resin is used in an energetic material formulation comprising active materials and a polymeric binder to reduce or eliminate the use of a plasticiser in the formulation wherein the tackifier resin is compatible with the polymeric material. The tackifier resin may be selected from rosin ester, terpinic resin, C5/C9 hydrocarbon resin. The binder may be hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene, while the active material may be ammonium perchlorate.

SALT COMPOSITIONS AND EXPLOSIVES USING THE SAME

This invention relates to novel salt compositions and to explosive compositions comprising said salt compositions. The salt compositions are useful as emulsifiers in the explosive compositions. The explosive compositions are water-in-oil emulsion explosives. 1. A composition comprising: (A) salt moieties derived from(A)(I) at least one polycarboxylic acylating agent, said acylating agent (A)(I) having at least one hydrocarbyl substituent having an average of from about 20 to about 500 carbon atoms, and(A)(II) one or more members selected from the group consisting of ammonia, at least one amine, at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal, and at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal compound;where two of said moieties (A) are coupled together by (B) at least one compound having at least two hydroxyls and at least one tertiary amino group.2. The composition of wherein (A)(I) is derived from at least one alpha-beta olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid or acid-producing compound claim 1 , said acid or acid-producing compound containing no less than 20 carbon atoms exclusive of the carboxyl groups.4. The composition of wherein said hydrocarbyl substituent of (A)(I) is a poly(isobutylene) group.8. The composition of wherein component (B) comprises: 3-(didodecylamino)propane-1 claim 1 ,2-diol claim 1 , tallow-bis-(2-hydroxylethyl)amine claim 1 , N-methyldiethanolamine claim 1 , N-ethyldiethanolamine claim 1 , N-propyldiethanolamine N-n-butyldiethanolamine N-tert-butyldiethanolamine N-cyclohexyldiethanolamine N-2-ethylhexyldiethanolamine claim 1 , N-amyldiethanolamine claim 1 , N-isobutyldiethanolamine claim 1 , N-sec-butyldiethanolamine claim 1 , N-dodecyldiethanolamine claim 1 , N-hexadecyldiethanolamine claim 1 , N-hydrogenated rapeseed alkyldiethanolamine claim 1 , N-hydrogenated tallowalkyldiethanolamine claim 1 , N-phenyldiethanolamine claim 1 , N-m-tolyldiethanolamine claim 1 , bis(2-hydroxyethyl)octadecylamine claim 1 , bis(2-hydroxyethyl)cocoalkylamines ...

PYROTECHNIC GAS GENERATOR COMPOUNDS

The main subject of the present invention is a solid pyrotechnic gas generator compound, the composition of which contains, expressed in weight percentages: 2. The compound as claimed in claim 1 , wherein its composition consists of said guanidine nitrate claim 1 , potassium perchlorate claim 1 , at least one combustion modifier and optionally at least one additive.3. The compound as claimed in claim 1 , wherein its composition is at least 94% by weight claim 1 , advantageously at least 98% by weight claim 1 , or even 100% by weight claim 1 , made up of said guanidine nitrate claim 1 , potassium perchlorate and at least one combustion modifier.4. The compound as claimed claim 1 , wherein said at least one combustion modifier is chosen from zinc oxide (ZnO) claim 1 , iron oxide (FeO) claim 1 , chromium oxide (CrO) claim 1 , manganese dioxide (MnO) claim 1 , copper oxide (CuO) claim 1 , basic copper nitrate (Cu(NO).3Cu(OH)) and mixtures thereof.5. The compound as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said at least one combustion modifier consists of copper oxide and/or basic copper nitrate.6. The compound as claimed in claim 5 , which has a pressure exponent of less than or equal to 0.1 claim 5 , for a pressure of between 6 and 52 MPa.7. The compound as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said at least one combustion modifier has a specific surface area of greater than 3 m/g claim 1 , advantageously greater than 10 m/g and very advantageously greater than 25 m/g.8. The compound as claimed in claim 1 , wherein its composition contains silica as additive.9. The compound as claimed in claim 8 , wherein said silica is in pulverulent form having a high specific surface area claim 8 , advantageously of 100 m/g or more claim 8 , and of micrometric size claim 8 , advantageously of nanometric size claim 8 , or in the form of silica fibers of from 1 to 20 microns in diameter and from 20 to 500 microns in length.10. The compound as claimed in claim 1 , wherein it is obtained by means of a dry ...

GAS GENERATING COMPOSITION

The present invention provides a gas generating composition, especially for use in safety devices for vehicles, comprising a) 40 to 60% by weight of a fuel consisting of one or more components selected from the group of guanidine compounds; b) 40 to 60% by weight of basic copper nitrate; c) 0 to 8% by weight of at least one transition metal oxide; d) 1 to 5% by weight of at least one stabilizer component and e) 0 to 5% by weight of further additives, each related to the total weight of the components a) through e); the stabilizer component at room temperature having a solubility in water of not more than 1 g/100 ml and the solubility in water at T=90° C. amounting to at least seven times the solubility at room temperature. 1. A gas generating composition , especially for use in safety devices for vehicles , comprising:a) 40 to 60% by weight of a fuel consisting of one or more components selected from the group of guanidine compounds;b) 40 to 60% by weight of basic copper nitrate;c) 0 to 8% by weight of at least one transition metal oxide; andd) 1 to 5% by weight of at least one stabilizer componente) 0 to 5% by weight of further additives, each related to the total weight of the components a) through e);wherein the stabilizer component at room temperature has a solubility in water of not more than 1 g/100 ml and the solubility in water at T=90° C. amounts to at least seven times the solubility at room temperature.2. The composition according to claim wherein the guanidine compound is selected from the group consisting of guanidine carbonate , guanidine nitrate , guanidine perchlorate , aminoguanidine nitrate , diaminoguanidine nitrate , triaminoguanidine nitrate , nitroguanidine or mixtures thereof.3. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the guanidine compound consists of guanidine nitrate.4. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the solubility of the stabilizer component in water at room temperature is within the range of from 0.05 g/100 ml to 1. ...

Ether-based reactive plasticizer for plastic bonded explosives

Disclosed is an energetic reactive plasticizer for a plastic bonded explosive (PBX), and specifically an energetic reactive plasticizer for PBX which has high performance and insensitiveness without a plasticizer leak by being bonded with a polymer binder for a plastic bonded explosive.

Emulsion explosive sensitising

An emulsion explosive, formulated with a basic surfactant, which is sensitised by gassing with active sodium hypochlorite.

IMPROVED EXPLOSIVE COMPOSITION

The present invention provides an explosive composition comprising from about 2 to about 25 w/w hydrogen peroxide, from greater than 0 and up to about 90% w/w of one or more of other oxidisers. The present invention also provides a method of 5 preparing an explosive composition and use of the explosive composition of the invention to break and move ground, such as in mining operations. 1. An explosive composition comprising:a. from about 2 to about 25% w/w hydrogen peroxide; andb. from greater than 0 and up to about 90% w/w of at least one other oxidiser.2. The explosive composition according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one other oxidiser is selected from the group consisting of nitrate salts claim 1 , perchlorate salts claim 1 , sodium peroxide claim 1 , potassium peroxide and optionally nitric acid claim 1 , wherein the nitrate salts are selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate claim 1 , calcium ammonium nitrate claim 1 , calcium nitrate and sodium nitrate claim 1 , and wherein the perchlorate salts are selected from the group consisting of ammonium perchlorate and sodium perchlorate.36-. (canceled)7. The explosive composition according to claim 1 , comprising at most 50% w/w of water.8. (canceled)9. The explosive composition according to claim 1 , comprising from about 5 to about 25% w/w hydrogen peroxide.10. The explosive composition according to claim 1 , comprising from about 0.1 to about 75% w/w of the at least one other oxidiser.11. The explosive composition according to claim 1 , further comprising at least one of an additive selected from the group consisting of a sensitiser claim 1 , fuel claim 1 , secondary fuel claim 1 , water claim 1 , thickener claim 1 , crosslinker claim 1 , emulsifier claim 1 , and energy diluent.12. (canceled)13. The explosive composition according to claim 11 , wherein the sensitiser comprises at least one of a compressible material and bubbles of gas claim 11 , wherein the bubbles of gas are formed in situ and ...

GAS-GENERATING PYROTECHNIC SOLID OBJECTS

Gas-generating pyrotechnic solid objects, the composition of which, free of binder and of explosive ingredient, expressed as weight percentages, contains from 35 to 50%, advantageously from 40 to 50%, of guanidine nitrate, from 35 to 50% of basic copper nitrate, from 0.5 to 6% of at least one compound chosen from alumina and inorganic titanates, the melting point of which is above 2100 K, and from 5 to 18% of at least one inorganic oxalate, chosen from sodium oxalate, tin oxalate, strontium oxalate, iron oxalate, copper oxalate and mixtures thereof. 1. A gas-generating pyrotechnic solid object , the composition of which , expressed as weight percentages , contains:from 35 to 50% of guanidine nitrate,from 35 to 50% of basic copper nitrate,from 0.5 to 6% of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of alumina and inorganic titanates, the melting point of which is above 2100 K, andfrom 5 to 18% of at least one inorganic oxalate, selected from the group consisting of sodium oxalate, tin oxalate, strontium oxalate, iron oxalate, copper oxalate and mixtures thereof;said composition being free of binder and of explosive ingredient.2. The object as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said at least one inorganic oxalate is selected from the group consisting of sodium oxalate claim 1 , strontium oxalate and copper oxalate.3. The object as claimed in claim 1 , the composition of which claim 1 , expressed as weight percentages claim 1 , contains:from 35 to 50% of guanidine nitrate,from 35 to 45% of basic copper nitrate,from 1 to 6%, advantageously 3 to 5%, of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of alumina and inorganic titanates, the melting point of which is above 2100 K, andfrom 5 to 15% of at least one inorganic oxalate selected from the group consisting of sodium oxalate, tin oxalate and mixtures thereof.4. The object as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said at least one inorganic titanate chosen is selected from the group consisting of strontium ...

EXPLOSIVE COMPOSITION AND METHOD OF DELIVERY

Disclosed herein is an explosive composition for soft and wet ground. The explosive composition comprises an explosive comprising an oxidiser component in a water in oil emulsion or a water gel, and a bulking agent comprising discrete particles of a combustible substance. The combustible substance is water soluble but, in the explosive composition, migration of the combustible substance from the discrete particles to the oxidiser component is inhibited. Also disclosed is a method for delivering an explosive composition to a borehole, for example a borehole in soft and wet ground. 1. An explosive composition for soft and wet ground comprising:an explosive comprising an oxidizer component in a water in oil emulsion or a water gel; anda bulking agent comprising discrete particles of a combustible substance,whereby the combustible substance is water soluble, but migration of the combustible substance from the discrete particles to the oxidizer component is inhibited.2. The explosive composition of claim 1 , wherein the combustible substance has a negative oxygen balance.3. The explosive composition of claim 1 , wherein the combustible substance is an agricultural substance.4. The explosive composition of claim 1 , wherein the combustible substance is a fertilizer.5. The explosive composition of claim 1 , wherein the combustible substance is selected from the group consisting of urea claim 1 , ammonium sulphate claim 1 , diammonium phosphate claim 1 , monoammonium phosphate claim 1 , calcium ammonium nitrate claim 1 , zinc sulphate claim 1 , ammonium sulphate nitrate and mixtures thereof.6. The explosive composition of claim 1 , wherein the bulking agent is provided in the form of discrete particles having smooth outer surfaces.7. The explosive composition of claim 1 , wherein the bulking agent is provided in the form of prills or granules.8. The explosive composition of claim 1 , wherein the bulking agent is provided in the form of agricultural prills or granules.9. The ...

THERMAL INSULATION FOAM HAVING LOW ADHESION FOR HIGH EXPLOSIVES

Thermal insulation foam for high explosives is applied to the inner surface of warheads and guided weapons filled with high explosives, thus maximizing the storability and survivability of warheads and guided weapons despite changes in temperature and external environmental factors such as impacts. The thermal insulation foam includes porous microspheres, a prepolymer having a hydroxyl group, and an isocyanate, wherein the prepolymer includes any one selected from among a polybutadiene-, a polyester-, a polyether-, a polysiloxane-, and a fluorine-based prepolymer. 1. A thermal insulation foam for high explosives , comprising:porous microspheres;a prepolymer having a hydroxyl group; andan isocyanate,wherein the prepolymer comprises any one selected from among a polybutadiene-, a polyester-, a polyether-, a polysiloxane-, and a fluorine-based prepolymer.3. The thermal insulation foam of claim 1 , wherein the porous microspheres comprise either or both of hollow glass microspheres and hollow organic microspheres having a polymer thin-film layer.4. The thermal insulation foam of claim 1 , wherein the isocyanate is any one selected from among isophorone diisocyanate claim 1 , 4 claim 1 ,4-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate claim 1 , toluene diisocyanate claim 1 , and hexamethylene diisocyanate.5. The thermal insulation foam of claim 1 , further comprising a diol chain extender claim 1 , a plasticizer claim 1 , a urethane reaction catalyst claim 1 , or a curing catalyst.6. The thermal insulation foam of claim 1 , which is used as a liner disposed between an airframe and high explosives claim 1 , and has low thermal conductivity and low interfacial adhesion with the high explosives claim 1 , compared to hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene-based polyurethane. This application claims the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. KR 10-2016-0120774, filed Sep. 21, 2016, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety into this application.The present invention relates to ...

Solid Electrically Controlled Propellants

The present application discloses a variety of improvements that enhance at least one of the mechanical, chemical/energetic, ballistic, or adhesive properties, of a class of ECPs, regardless of whether said ECPs are in solid phase or gels, singly or in combinations thereof. 1. An improved ECP wherein:a. The ECP comprises boric acid.2. The improved Electrically Controlled Propellant of wherein:a. said boric acid is alters the interim viscosity of the ECP.3. The improved ECP of wherein:a. said ECP comprises approximately 0.01 to 5% by weight boric acid.4. The improved ECP of wherein:a. said ECP comprises approximately 0.01 to 5% by weight boric acid.5. The improved ECP of wherein:a. said ECP comprises more than 0.001% by weight boric acid.6. The improved ECP of wherein:a. said boric acid improves cross-linking and increases the mechanical strength of the ECP.7. An improved electrically controlled propellant wherein:a. the electrically controlled propellant comprises at least one compound selected from the group comprising organosilanes, siloxanes, and poly(dimethlysiloxanes)s.8. The improved electrically controlled propellant of wherein:a. said electrically controlled propellant comprises approximately 0.01 to 10% by weight said at least one compound.9. The improved electrically controlled propellant of wherein:a. said at least one compound is a substrate pretreatment.10. The improved electrically controlled propellant of wherein:a. said at least one compound is a surface treatment on said electrically controlled propellant.11. The improved electrically controlled propellant of wherein:a. said at least one compound reduces moisture update of the electrically controlled propellant.12. The improved electrically controlled propellant of wherein:a. said at least one compound functions as a coupling agent.13. The improved electrically controlled propellant of wherein:a. said electrically controlled propellant comprises a PVA polymer binder, and b. said at least one ...

ACOUSTIC MIXING AS A TECHNIQUE FOR COATING PROPELLANT

A process for mixing two materials using acoustic energy. A first material and a second material are placed within a mixing vessel and acoustic energy is transferred to the vessel. The first material has a plurality of particles with porosity and the second material may or may not be a polymeric liquid. The acoustic energy mixes the first material and the second material, the second material coats the first material, and shear forces are created that force the second material into at least a portion of the porosity of the first material. 1. A process for mixing two materials , the process comprising:providing a mixing vessel;providing a first material;placing the first material into the mixing vessel;providing a second material;placing the second material into the mixing vessel;providing an acoustic energy source and transferring acoustic energy from the acoustic energy source to the mixing vessel, the first material and the second material, the acoustic energy mixing the first material with the second material and coating the first material with the second material.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first material has porosity claim 1 , the second material is a plurality of metal particles and the acoustic energy forces the plurality of metal particles into the porosity of the first material.3. The process of claim 8 , wherein the plurality of metal particles are a plurality of catalytic particles.4. The process of claim 9 , wherein the first material is a plurality of porous metal particles.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first material has a structured matrix and the second material is an active material.6. The process of claim 11 , further including removing the first material and leaving the active material claim 11 , the active material having a form of the structured matrix.7. The process of claim 12 , wherein the first material is removed by dissolution.8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first material is a filter media material and the ...

PRECURSOR FORMULATIONS OF A SOLID PROPELLANT, SOLID PROPELLANTS INCLUDING A REACTION PRODUCT OF THE PRECURSOR FORMULATION, ROCKET MOTORS INCLUDING THE SOLID PROPELLANT, AND RELATED METHODS

A precursor formulation comprising, before curing, a hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) prepolymer or a hydroxyl-terminated polyether (HTPE) prepolymer, an oxidizer, a dimer fatty diol, and an isocyanate curative. A solid propellant comprising a reaction product of the HTPB prepolymer or HTPE prepolymer, the dimer fatty diol, and the isocyanate curative is also disclosed, as is a rocket motor comprising a case and a solid propellant in the case, the solid propellant comprising the reaction product and an oxidizer. A method of reducing a burn rate of a solid propellant is also disclosed. 1. A precursor formulation , comprising , before cure:a hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) prepolymer or a hydroxyl-terminated polyether (HTPE) prepolymer, an oxidizer, a dimer fatty diol, and an isocyanate curative.2. The precursor formulation of claim 1 , wherein the dimer fatty diol comprises an aliphatic compound having from thirty carbon atoms to forty carbon atoms claim 1 , the aliphatic compound comprising an alkyl group claim 1 , an alkenyl group claim 1 , a cycloalkyl group claim 1 , a cycloalkenyl group claim 1 , a bicycloalkyl group claim 1 , a bicycloalkenyl group claim 1 , or an aromatic group claim 1 , two hydroxyl-terminated hydrocarbon chains bonded to the alkyl group claim 1 , the alkenyl group claim 1 , the cycloalkyl group claim 1 , the cycloalkenyl group claim 1 , the bicycloalkyl group claim 1 , the bicycloalkenyl group claim 1 , or the aromatic group claim 1 , and at least one additional hydrocarbon chain bonded to the alkyl group claim 1 , the alkenyl group claim 1 , the cycloalkyl group claim 1 , the cycloalkenyl group claim 1 , the bicycloalkyl group claim 1 , the bicycloalkenyl group claim 1 , or the aromatic group.3. The precursor formulation of claim 2 , wherein each of the two hydroxyl-terminated hydrocarbon chains independently comprises from six carbon atoms to ten carbon atoms.4. The precursor formulation of claim 2 , wherein the at least ...

PYROTECHNIC DELAY ELEMENT DEVICE

The present invention is a pyrotechnic time delay system that is improved over prior-art designs. Specifically, the system described herein comprises at least one delay element. The delay element or delay dements each have an input charge, a delay composition, and an output charge. Both the input charge and the output charge are igniter compositions and are comprised of the same components despite having different functional goals. The input charge and output charge compositions preferably contain titanium, manganese dioxide, and polytetrafluoroethylene. The delay composition may be modified from current formulations to include manganese and manganese dioxide, or tungsten and manganese dioxide. The system disclosed herein may be comprised of one delay element, or it may be modular wherein multiple delay elements are connected in series. 1. A pyrotechnic delay element device comprising ,a. initiator;b. headspace;c. input charge composition comprising titanium and a metal oxide;d. delay composition; ande. output charge composition comprising titanium and a metal oxide,2. The pyrotechnic delay element device of claim 1 , wherein the initiator is selected from the group consisting of a percussion primer claim 1 , an electric primer claim 1 , a blasting cap claim 1 , a length of explosive shock tube claim 1 , a length of detonating cord claim 1 , a length of safety fuse claim 1 , a length of cannon fuse claim 1 , a match claim 1 , an electric match claim 1 , an electrically-heated wire claim 1 , a bridgewire claim 1 , an exploding foil initiator claim 1 , a laser claim 1 , a black powder charge claim 1 , an igniter composition claim 1 , and the output charge of a delay element.3. The pyrotechnic delay element device of claim 1 , wherein the components and component ratios of the input charge composition and output charge composition are the same.4. The pyrotechnic delay element device of claim 1 , wherein the weights of the input charge composition and output charge ...

Waterless electrically operated propellant

An electrically operated propellant includes a perchlorate oxidizer and a water insoluble polymeric binder with a water solubility of less than 0.1 grams (g) per 100 grams water at 25° Celsius (° C.). The electrically operated propellant is substantially waterless with a water content of less than 10 weight % (wt. %) water based on total weight of the electrically operated propellant.

CAST EXPLOSIVE COMPOSITION

The invention relates to a cast explosive composition comprising a polymer-bonded explosive and a defoaming agent, and to a process for reducing the number and/or total volume of voids in a cast explosive composition comprising the steps of: combining a polymer-bonded explosive and a defoaming agent; and casting the explosive composition. The defoaming agent may be used for reducing the number and/or total volume of voids in a cast explosive composition and the cast explosive composition may be used in an explosive product. 116-. (canceled)17. A method for producing a cast and cured explosive composition , the method comprising vacuum casting a castable explosive composition comprising a polymer-bonded explosive in admixture with 0.01-2 wt % of a silicone-free defoaming agent and wherein said castable explosive composition contains entrained bubbles therein which become substantially removed by coalescence and egress , as facilitated by the silicone-free defoaming agent , during casting; and curing the cast; wherein said polymer-bonded explosive comprises an explosive and a polymer binder; and wherein said cast and cured explosive composition possesses a substantial absence of voids , wherein said silicone-free defoaming agent possesses the characteristic of being surface active at interfaces between bubbles and the polymer-bonded explosive and facilitating the coalescence and egress of bubbles.18. The method according to claim 17 , wherein the defoaming agent is present in an amount of 0.03-2 wt %.19. The method according to claim 17 , wherein said defoaming agent is present in an amount of 0.5 to 2 wt %.20. The method according to claim 17 , wherein said defoaming agent is present in an amount of 0.25 to 1 wt %.21. The method according to claim 17 , wherein said defoaming agent is present in an amount of 0.5 to 1 wt %.22. The method according to claim 17 , wherein said defoaming agent is present in an amount of 0.25 to 2 wt %.23. The method according to claim 17 , ...

WATER-BASED EXPLOSIVE SUSPENSION

The present invention relates to a water-based non-sensitized matrix or explosive suspension which itself has a rheological behavior such that it allows mechanically loading upward boreholes. This suspension behaves like a viscous liquid when it is forced to flow due to the action of a loading pump, and, however, has the characteristics of a soft solid when it is on standby once inside the borehole. The composition essentially consists of an aqueous solution of oxidizing salts and optionally water-soluble fuels and/or sensitizers, and one or more water-soluble polymers conferring the desired rheological characteristics. Particles of oxidizing salts with a grain size such that they enhance the rheological behavior characteristic of the suspension are dispersed in this aqueous solution. 1. A non-sensitized matrix or explosive suspension formed by a solid phase and an aqueous liquid phase , wherein:a) the solid phase is present in a percentage comprised between 35% and 55% by weight with respect to the total weight of the suspension,b) the solid phase comprises particles of an oxidizing salt with an average grain size comprised between 100 μm and 500 μm, andc) the liquid phase is an aqueous solution comprising at least one oxidizing salt, and at least one water-soluble polymer which can impart a significant shear-thinning-type rheological behavior to the suspension, andin that it has a specific rheological behavior characterized by:{'sup': −1', '−1, 'a) a viscosity having a value equal to or greater than 10,000 Pa·s for a shear rate of 0.001 sand equal to or less than 10 Pa·s for a shear rate of 100 s, and'}b) a yield stress equal to or greater than 1 Pa.2. The suspension according to claim 1 , wherein:a) the solid phase is present in a percentage comprised between 35% and 55% by weight with respect to the total weight,b) the solid phase comprises particles of an inorganic oxidizing salt selected from the group consisting of an ammonium or alkaline metal or alkaline ...

IONONE STABILISERS FOR NITROCELLULOSE-BASED PROPELLANTS

The present disclosure is directed to a nitrocellulose-based propellant composition comprising: (a) a nitrate ester-based propellant comprising nitrocellulose; and (b) a stabiliser comprising a non-aromatic compound (12) consisting of a general ionone formula (12-I), (12-II), (12-III) or (12-IV): 2. The propellant composition according to claim 1 , wherein the nitrate ester-based propellant consists of nitrocellulose alone as a single base or of a mixture comprising nitrocellulose in combination with at least a blasting oil and/or at least one energetic additive as a double or higher base.3. The propellant composition according to claim 1 , wherein the non-aromatic compound is a substance capable of reacting by H-abstraction with radical groups formed by degradation of the nitrate ester to form a first by-product capable of further reacting with NOx and/or alkoxy groups formed by degradation of the nitrate ester to form a second by-product comprising no NNO groups.4. The propellant composition according to claim 3 , wherein the second by-product is capable of reaction with radical groups formed by degradation of the nitrate ester for forming third and subsequent by-products capable of reacting with such radical alkoxy groups or with NOx.5. The propellant composition according to claim 2 , wherein the blasting oil comprises at least a nitrated polyol obtainable by nitration of polyol selected from a group consisting of glycerol claim 2 , glycol claim 2 , diethylene glycol claim 2 , triethylene glycol and metriol claim 2 , and wherein the at least one energetic additive is an energetic plasticizer selected from the group of nitramines claim 2 , including butyl-NENA claim 2 , dinitrodiazaalkane (DNDA) claim 2 , or is an explosive comprising RDX claim 2 , HMX claim 2 , FOX-7 claim 2 , FOX-12 claim 2 , CL20.7. The propellant composition according to claim 1 , wherein the non-aromatic compound is present in the composition in an amount comprised between 0.1 and 5.0 wt. % ...

TOCOPHEROL STABILISERS FOR NITROCELLULOSE-BASED PROPELLANTS

The present disclosure is directed to a nitrocellulose-based propellant composition comprising: (a) a nitrate ester based propellant comprising nitrocellulose; and (b) a stabiliser consisting of a tocopherol compound with a general formula (I), 2. The propellant composition according to claim 1 , wherein the nitrate ester based propellant consists of nitrocellulose alone as a single base or of a mixture comprising nitrocellulose in combination with at least a blasting oil and/or at least one energetic additive as a double or higher base.3. The propellant composition according to claim 1 , wherein the stabiliser is a component capable of reacting by H-abstraction with radical alkoxy groups formed by degradation of the nitrate ester to form a first by-product capable of reacting with NOx formed by degradation of the nitrate ester to form a second by-product comprising no NNO groups.4. The propellant composition according to claim 3 , wherein the second by-product is capable of reaction with radical alkoxy groups or with NOx formed by degradation of the nitrate ester to form a third and subsequent by-products capable of reacting with such radical alkoxy groups or with NOx.5. The propellant composition according to claim 2 , wherein the blasting oil comprises at least a nitrated polyol obtainable by nitration of a polyol selected from a group consisting of glycerol claim 2 , glycol claim 2 , diethylene glycol claim 2 , triethylene glycol and metriol claim 2 , and wherein the at least one energetic additive is an energetic plasticizer selected from the group of nitramines claim 2 , such as butyl-NENA claim 2 , dinitrodiazaalkane (DNDA) claim 2 , or is an explosive comprising RDX claim 2 , HMX claim 2 , FOX-7 claim 2 , FOX-12 claim 2 , and/or CL20.6. The propellant composition according to claim 1 , wherein the stabiliser consists of a component selected from a group consisting of alpha-tocopherol claim 1 , beta-tocopherol claim 1 , gamma-tocopherol claim 1 , delta- ...

ODOR SAMPLE FOR EXPLOSIVES DETECTION DOGS, PROCESS FOR PRODUCING AN ODOR SAMPLE AND PROCESS FOR USING AN ODOR SAMPLE

An odor sample for explosives detection dogs includes a solution of the explosive in an ionic liquid, wherein the explosive is a nonperoxidic explosive. A process for producing an odor sample for explosives detection dogs as well as a process for using an odor sample for explosives detection dogs are also provided. 1. An odor sample for explosives detection dogs , the odor sample comprising:a solution of an explosive in an ionic liquid;said explosive being a nonperoxidic explosive.2. The odor sample according to claim 1 , wherein said nonperoxidic explosive is hexogen (RDX) claim 1 , octogen (HMX) claim 1 , nitropenta (PETN) claim 1 , tetryl or trinitrotoluene (TNT).3. The odor sample according to claim 1 , wherein said ionic liquid is a lipophilic ionic liquid.4. The odor sample according to claim 3 , wherein said ionic liquid contains lipophilic anions.5. The odor sample according to claim 1 , wherein said ionic liquid contains anions selected from the group consisting of tetrafluoroborates claim 1 , triflimides claim 1 , perfluoroalkylsulphates claim 1 , alkylsulphonates claim 1 , dicyandiamides claim 1 , alkylsulphates claim 1 , arylsulphonates claim 1 , perfluoroalkylsulphonates claim 1 , bis-perfluoroalkylsulphonimides claim 1 , acetates claim 1 , alkylcarboxylates claim 1 , thiocyanates claim 1 , isocyanates claim 1 , isothiocyanates claim 1 , thiosulphates claim 1 , borohydrides claim 1 , borates claim 1 , phosphates claim 1 , nitrates claim 1 , perchlorates and halides.6. The odor sample according to claim 5 , wherein said ionic liquid contains iodides claim 5 , bromides claim 5 , chlorides or fluorides.7. The odor sample according to claim 1 , wherein said ionic liquid contains cations selected from the group consisting of N-alkyl-substituted nitrogen heterocycle ions claim 1 , N-alkylimidazolium and N claim 1 ,N-dialkylimidazolium ions claim 1 , quaternary ammonium ions and phosphonium ions.8. The odor sample according to claim 7 , wherein said N-alkyl- ...

DETONATOR-SENSITIVE ASSEMBLED BOOSTER CHARGES FOR USE IN BLASTING ENGINEERING AND THE USE THEREOF

This invention relates to detonator-sensitive assembled booster charges for use in blasting engineering. The booster charge comprises nitroalkane and a cavity-forming agent. 1. Detonator-sensitive booster charge for use in blasting engineering comprising a mixture including a nitroalkane and a cavity-forming means as well as a slot for an ignition device.2. Detonator-sensitive booster charge according to claim 1 , characterized in that the booster charge is made of a liquid-impermeable material.3. Detonator-sensitive booster charge according to claim 1 , characterized in that the booster charge exhibits a concave curvature arranged on the opposite side of the slot for the ignition device.4. Detonator-sensitive booster charge according to claim 3 , characterized in that the concave curvature exhibits a metallic coating.5. Detonator-sensitive booster charge according to claim 1 , characterized in that the ignition device is a blasting cap claim 1 , a detonating cord or a non-electric detonator.6. Detonator-sensitive booster charge according to claim 1 , characterized in that the nitroalkane is selected from a group with 1 to 3 carbon atoms.7. Detonator-sensitive booster charge according to claim 1 , characterized in that the nitroalkane is nitromethane.8. Detonator-sensitive booster charge according to claim 1 , characterized in that the cavity-forming means is configured as a hollow glass microsphere.9. Detonator-sensitive booster charge according to claim 8 , characterized in that the cavity-forming means is configured as a hollow glass microsphere with a grain size of 20-200 μm claim 8 , preferably 40-150 μm claim 8 , particularly preferred 80-120 μm.10. Detonator-sensitive booster charge according to claim 1 , further comprising a fumed silica.11. Detonator-sensitive booster charge according to claim 1 , characterized in that the mixture exhibits 1.5-10 weight % claim 1 , preferably 3-8 weight % claim 1 , particularly preferred 5-7 weight % Aerosil claim 1 , 0.2- ...

Heavy ANFO and a Tailored Expanded Polymeric Density Control Agent

The present invention is directed to an explosive composition comprised of heavy ANFO and expanded polymeric beads that have a density that is less than the density of the heavy ANFO. The expanded polymeric beads have a size that is determined or based on the size of ammonium nitrate prills used in the heavy ANFO portion of the composition. In one embodiment, the expanded polymeric beads that are utilized in the composition are at least 70% of the lower limit of the mesh size of the predominant ammonium nitrate prill mesh size. In another embodiment, the expanded polymeric beads are at least 70% of a size that is related to the average mesh size of the ammonium nitrate prills.

ALKALINE EARTH METAL ZIRCONIUM OXIDE ADDITIVE USEFUL FOR IMPROVING BALLISTIC PERFORMANCE OF GAS GENERATING COMPOSITIONS

A gas generant composition for an automotive inflatable restraint system includes one or more: fuels, such as guanidine nitrate; oxidizers, such as basic copper nitrate; and an alkaline earth zirconium oxide. The gas generant composition is substantially free of potassium perchlorate. The alkaline earth zirconium oxide may be barium zirconate (BaZrO), calcium zirconate (CaZrO), and/or strontium zirconate (SrZrO). The alkaline earth zirconium oxide may be present at ≥about 0.1% by mass to ≤about 6% by mass of the gas generant composition. Such gas generants may be cool burning (e.g., a maximum flame temperature at combustion (T) of ≤about 1700K (1,427° C.)), have a linear burn rate of ≥about 20 mm per second at a pressure of about 21 MPa and a linear burn rate pressure exponent (n) of ≤about 0.35. Method of making such gas generants are also provided. 1. A gas generant composition for an automotive inflatable restraint system comprising:one or more fuels;one or more oxidizers; andan alkaline earth zirconium oxide, wherein the gas generant composition is substantially free of potassium perchlorate.2. The gas generant composition of claim 1 , wherein the alkaline earth zirconium oxide is selected from the group consisting of: barium zirconate (BaZrO) claim 1 , calcium zirconate (CaZrO) claim 1 , strontium zirconate (SrZrO) claim 1 , and combinations thereof.3. The gas generant composition of claim 1 , wherein the alkaline earth zirconium oxide is present at greater than or equal to about 0.1% to less than or equal to about 6% by mass of gas generant composition.4. The gas generant composition of claim 1 , wherein the alkaline earth zirconium oxide is present at greater than or equal to about 0.5% to less than or equal to about 5% by mass of the gas generant composition.5. The gas generant composition of having a linear burn rate of greater than or equal to about 20 mm per second at a pressure of about 21 megapascals (MPa).6. The gas generant composition of having a ...

Water Resistance Additive for Particulate Ammonium Nitrate-Fuel Oil (Anfo) Explosives

The present invention provides for the use of at least one oil soluble polymer comprising linear polymethylene sequences with an average of 10 to 40 consecutive methylene groups to improve the water resistance of an explosive composition comprising particulate ammonium nitrate and a fuel oil, said linear polymethylene sequences with in average 10 to 40 consecutive methylene groups may be either in the main chain or in the side chains of the oil soluble polymer. 134.-. (canceled)35. A process for improving water resistance of a particulate ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive , comprising the step of adding a fuel oil containing an oil soluble polymer , to an explosive composition comprising at least one particulate ammonium nitrate , wherein the oil soluble polymer comprises at least one linear polymethylene sequence with an average of 10 to 40 consecutive methylene groups , and wherein the at least one linear polymethylene sequence may be either in the main chain or in the side chains of the oil soluble polymer.36. A process for manufacturing of a particulate water resistant ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive comprising bringing a particulate ammonium nitrate into contact with a fuel oil , the fuel oil being the solution and/or dispersion of an oil soluble polymer comprising at least one linear polymethylene sequence with an average of 10 to 40 consecutive methylene groups , and wherein the at least one linear polymethylene sequence may be either in the main chain or in the side chains of the oil soluble polymer.37. The process according to wherein the fuel oil contains 0.1 to 15.0 wt. % of the oil soluble polymer.38. The process according to claim 36 , wherein the process is performed at a temperature below the pour point of the fuel oil without the oil soluble polymer.39. A water resistant claim 36 , particulate claim 36 , low density ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive claim 36 , comprising particulate ammonium nitrate claim 36 , a fuel oil and at least one oil ...

Pyrotechnics Containing Oleoresin

A pyrotechnic composition includes a fuel, an oxidizer, flow and rate control agents and oleoresin capsicum as an irritant. The composition is useful in crowd control products. The composition contains rate control ingredients to maintain combustion at a temperature below the point of degradation of the oleoresin capsicum, balanced with a booster material to maintain combustion. 1. A pyrotechnic composition comprising:a fuel;an oxidizer;flow and rate control agents; andoleoresin capsicum.2. A pyrotechnic composition as set forth in further including a booster material that includes:(a) magnesium stearate; and(b) a dry slurry powder that is made of approximately 10% to 20% silicon; 20% to 35% potassium nitrate; 1% to 15% carbon; 15% to 30% iron oxide; 5% to 20% aluminum; and 15% to 25% nitrocellulose.3. A pyrotechnic composition as set forth in wherein the dry slurry powder is made of approximately 15% to 18% silicon claim 2 , 25% to 28% potassium claim 2 , 2% to 5% carbon claim 2 , 25% to 28% iron oxide claim 2 , 10% to 15% aluminum claim 2 , and 16% to 20% nitrocellulose.4. A pyrotechnic composition as set forth in wherein a mixture including the fuel and oxidizer includes approximately 13% to 24% potassium chlorate claim 2 , 3% to 22% baker's sugar claim 2 , 6% to 22% magnesium carbonate claim 2 , 20% to 40% terephthalic acid claim 2 , 2% to 28% dye claim 2 , 1% to 25% magnesium stearate claim 2 , and 20% to 35% nitrocellulose.5. A method of making a pyrotechnic composition claim 2 , comprising the steps of:making a first mixture including fuel and oxidizer;making a second mixture including oleoresin capsicum;blending together the first mixture and the second mixture to form a smoke composition; anddrying and granulating the smoke composition.6. A method as set forth in further including the steps of:making a booster material; andmixing the booster material with the smoke composition.7. A method as set forth in wherein:the first mixture includes a flow control ...

Nanoenergetic material composite having remote ignition characteristic by high-power pulsed laser beam and method of preparing same

A nanoenergetic material composite having a remote ignition characteristic by a high-power pulsed laser beam is prepared by adding various contents of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to a nanoenergetic composite material (nEM) to enable remote ignition by a high-power laser beam. The nanoenergetic material composite is a MWCNT/nEM composite powder prepared by adding multiwalled carbon nanotubes to the nanoenergetic material, which is a mixture of fuel material nanoparticles and metal oxidizer nanoparticles, wherein the multiwalled carbon nanotubes enhance a combustion rate of the MWCNT/nEM composite powder by delivering thermal energy upon remote optical ignition by the high-power pulsed laser beam.

OBSCURANT EMISSION SYSTEMS AND METHODS

An obscurant-emitting composition may comprise an oxidizer comprising a cation comprising at least one of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, and an anion comprising at least one of nitrate, chlorate, bromate, iodate, perchlorate, periodate, or chlorite; a fuel; and a hydrated salt composition, wherein the obscurant-emitting composition comprises between 0.001% and 8% by weight hydrated salt composition. 1. An obscurant-emitting composition , comprising:an oxidizer comprising a cation comprising at least one of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, and an anion comprising at least one of nitrate, chlorate, bromate, iodate, perchlorate, periodate, or chlorite;a fuel; anda hydrated salt composition, wherein the obscurant-emitting composition comprises between 0.001% and 8% by weight the hydrated salt composition.2. The obscurant-emitting composition of claim 1 , wherein the hydrated salt composition comprises a primary compound and a secondary compound claim 1 , wherein the primary compound comprises at least one of hydromagnesite claim 1 , artinite claim 1 , hydrotalcite claim 1 , dypingite claim 1 , giorgiosite claim 1 , brucite claim 1 , gibbsite claim 1 , or protomagnesite.3. The obscurant-emitting composition of claim 2 , wherein the secondary compound comprises at least one of hydromagnesite claim 2 , artinite claim 2 , hydrotalcite claim 2 , dypingite claim 2 , giorgiosite claim 2 , brucite claim 2 , gibbsite claim 2 , or protomagnesite.4. The obscurant-emitting composition of claim 3 , wherein the oxidizer comprises at least one of sodium bromate or potassium bromate.5. The obscurant-emitting composition of claim 4 , wherein the fuel comprises at least one of a salt of cyanuric acid claim 4 , potassium hydroxyacetate claim 4 , or magnesium hydroxyacetate.6. The obscurant-emitting composition of claim 5 , wherein the obscurant-emitting composition comprises between 45% and 90% by weight the oxidizer.7. The obscurant-emitting composition of claim 6 ...

OBSCURANT EMISSION SYSTEMS AND METHODS

An obscurant-emitting composition may comprise an oxidizer comprising a cation comprising at least one of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, and an anion comprising at least one of nitrate, chlorate, bromate, iodate, perchlorate, periodate, or chlorite; a fuel; and a hydrated salt composition, wherein the obscurant-emitting composition comprises between 0.001% and 8% by weight hydrated salt composition. 1. An obscurant-emitting system , comprising:a vessel;an obscurant-emitting composition comprised within the vessel comprising an oxidizer, a fuel, and a hydrated salt composition,wherein, the obscurant-emitting composition comprises between 3% and 4% by weight the hydrated salt composition,wherein the hydrated salt composition comprises a primary compound comprising hydromagnesite and a secondary compound, and wherein the hydrated salt composition comprises between 90% and 99.9% by weight hydromagnesite and between 0.1% and 10% by weight the secondary compound.2. The obscurant-emitting system of claim 1 , further comprising an ignition device configured to ignite the obscurant-emitting composition.3. The obscurant-emitting system of claim 1 , wherein the primary compound further comprises at least one of artinite claim 1 , hydrotalcite claim 1 , dypingite claim 1 , giorgiosite claim 1 , brucite claim 1 , gibbsite claim 1 , or protomagnesite.4. The obscurant-emitting system of claim 1 , wherein the secondary compound comprises at least one of hydromagnesite claim 1 , artinite claim 1 , hydrotalcite claim 1 , dypingite claim 1 , giorgiosite claim 1 , brucite claim 1 , gibbsite claim 1 , or protomagnesite.5. The obscurant-emitting system of claim 4 , wherein the oxidizer comprises at least one of sodium bromate or potassium bromate.6. The obscurant-emitting system of claim 5 , wherein the fuel comprises at least one of a salt of cyanuric acid claim 5 , potassium hydroxyacetate claim 5 , or magnesium hydroxyacetate.7. The obscurant-emitting system of claim 6 , ...

Priming mixture

A priming mixture is described, comprising aluminium silicate in a quantity not exceeding 30% and preferably in a quantity ranging from 15 to 25% by weight, titanium in a quantity ranging from 1 to 10%, preferably from 2 to 7% by weight, samarium oxide in a quantity ranging from 5 to 20%, preferably from 8 to 16% by weight, all quantities referring to the total weight of the priming mixture.

EXPLOSIVE COMPOSITIONS FOR USE IN REACTIVE GROUND AND RELATED METHODS

Explosive compositions for use in high temperature, reactive ground, or both, are disclosed. The explosive compositions can include an emulsion with a continuous organic fuel phase and a discontinuous oxidizer phase. The oxidizer phase can include one or more Group I or Group II nitrates. 1. An explosive composition comprising an emulsion comprising:a continuous organic phase comprising fuel oil; urea, wherein the urea is about 0.5% to about 35% of the discontinuous oxidizer phase by weight;', 'a non-Group I or Group II nitrate; and', 'one or more Group I or Group II nitrates, wherein the Group I or Group II nitrates are about 3% to about 35% of the discontinuous oxidizer phase by weight., 'a discontinuous oxidizer phase comprising2. The explosive composition of claim 1 , wherein water in the discontinuous oxidizer phase is between 10% and 30% of the discontinuous oxidizer phase by weight.3. The explosive composition of claim 1 , wherein the urea is about 1% to about 25% of the discontinuous oxidizer phase by weight.4. The explosive composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more Group I or Group II nitrates are about 5% to about 25% of the discontinuous oxidizer phase by weight.5. The explosive composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more Group I or Group II nitrates are about 10% to about 35% of the discontinuous oxidizer phase by weight.6. The explosive composition of claim 1 , wherein the emulsion is at least 30% of the explosive composition by weight.7. The explosive composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more Group I or Group II nitrates comprise sodium nitrate claim 1 , potassium nitrate claim 1 , calcium nitrate claim 1 , or combinations thereof.8. The explosive composition of claim 1 , wherein the emulsion further comprises a sensitizer.9. A method of forming a blend claim 1 , the method comprising:mixing a slurry comprising ammonium nitrate and fuel oil with an emulsion, the emulsion comprising:a continuous organic phase comprising fuel oil; and ...

FLEXURAL SHEET EXPLOSIVE SIMULANTS

An explosive sheet simulant that uses an ethylene vinyl acetate polymer combined with boron carbide or iron oxide for X-ray attenuating properties, and components of the mixture selected for predetermined flexural modulus combined with particle density, effective atomic number, X-ray transmission properties, or millimeter wave properties. 1. An explosive simulant , consisting of a mixture of:ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) polymer; andat least one compound selected from the group consisting of boron carbide and iron oxide wherein the explosive simulant is in a form of a sheet having a flexural modulus property of an explosive and millimeter wave properties or X-ray properties of the explosive, or both.2. The explosive simulant according to claim 1 , consisting of a mixture of EVA polymer claim 1 , boron carbide and iron oxide.3. The explosive simulant according to claim 2 , consisting of 25.0-58.0% EVA polymer claim 2 , 49.0-71.0% boron carbide and 0.7-2.5% iron oxide.4. The explosive simulant according to claim 1 , the EVA comprising a naphthenic plasticizer.5. The explosive simulant according to claim 4 , wherein a density of the explosive simulant is based on a composition of the EVA polymer with the naphthenic plasticizer being cross linked.6. The explosive simulant according to claim 1 , further comprising:the sheet having a flexural modulus approximately equal to flexural modulus of pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) sheet explosive, andX-ray transmission approximately equal to X-ray transmission of PETN sheet explosive, or millimeter wave properties approximately equal to millimeter wave properties of PETN sheet explosive, or both.7. The explosive simulant according to claim 1 , further comprising:the sheet having a flexural modulus approximately equal to flexural modulus of cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) sheet explosive, andX-ray transmission approximately equal to X-ray transmission of RDX sheet explosive, or millimeter wave properties approximately ...

Rocket motor with concentric propellant structures for shock mitigation

A solid rocket motor includes a first solid propellant and a second solid propellant at least partially surrounding the first solid propellant. The second solid propellant is resistant to fragment impact and the first solid propellant has a higher impulse than the second solid propellant.

PYROTECHNIC YELLOW SMOKE COMPOSITIONS BASED ON SOLVENT YELLOW 33

A yellow smoke composition useful in hand held signals, such as the U.S. Army M194 yellow smoke parachute signal; which composition contains the nontoxic, environmentally safe, quinoline solvent yellow 33 color agent and critically exhibits the requisite dense yellow smoke for the requisite 9 to 18 second burn time upon use. Further, this inventive yellow smoke composition can be used in current metal tubes and in other media, such as biodegradable cardboard tubes. 1. A HHS yellow smoke composition having a burn time of about 15 seconds , comprising:1. a mixture of about 34.5 weight percent of an oxidizer, wherein the oxidizer is potassium chlorate;2. about 21.5 to about 22.0 weight percent of a fuel, wherein the fuel is sucrose;3. about 36 to about 37 weight percent of quinoline yellow ss;4. about 5.5 weight percent of a coolant, wherein the coolant is hydromagnesite;5. about 0 to about 1.0 weight percent of a lubricant, wherein the lubricant is stearic acid;6. about 0 to about 1.0 weight percent of a binder, wherein the binder is polyvinyl alcohol;7. wherein, when the mixture is compressed into a smoke pellet.2. The HHS yellow smoke composition of claim 1 , wherein1. the oxidizer is potassium chlorate;2. the fuel is sucrose;3. the coolant is hydromagnesite;4. the lubricant is stearic acid; and5. the binder is polyvinyl alcohol.3. The HHS yellow smoke composition of claim 2 , wherein the binder is nitrocellulose.4. The HHS yellow smoke composition of claim 1 , wherein the mixture is compressed at from about 4 claim 1 ,000 to about 12 claim 1 ,000 pound dead load claim 1 , for a period of about 4 seconds claim 1 , to form the smoke pellet.5. The HHS yellow smoke composition of claim 1 , wherein about 0 to about 0.5 weight percent of an anticaking agent is included in the mixture and an equal quantity of the fuel is removed.6. The HHS yellow smoke composition of claim 6 , wherein the anticaking agent is hydrophobic fumed silica.7. The HHS yellow smoke composition of ...

Field mixable two-component liquid explosive

A low-cost, reliable and easy to use kit for neutralizing surface exposed landmine and unexploded ordnance for humanitarian demining is based on a liquid fuel and a solid/soluble fuel. Both fuels are premeasured in separate, sealed containers. The addition of a small quantity of solid/soluble fuel into the liquid creates an explosive. The resulting mixture is capable of detonating with a standard No. 8 blasting cap. The solid/soluble fuel can be in the form of a powder, tablet, or its saturated solution in water. The solid/soluble fuel is hexamethylenetetramine. The liquid fuel, nitromethane, is provided in premeasured quantities. User is provided instructions for choosing the appropriate quantity of liquid fuel, the corresponding solid/soluble fuel required, the method of mixing, placement and detonation of the kits. Also disclosed is a simple wooden stand to hold the bottle of explosive in place. A special fuel, liquid 2-ethylhexylnitrate, is provided to desensitize the mixed and sensitized explosive.

Device for controlling a rate of gas pressure increase in a gun barrel.

A device is disclosed for controlling a rate of gas pressure increase generated by a propellant for propelling a projectile from an upstream towards a downstream end of a gun barrel. The device includes a first surface area defined by the propellant and a deterrent applied to a second surface area defined by the first surface area, the second surface area being less than the first surface area. The arrangement is such that the second surface area defines a deterrent free third surface area of the propellant. A primer is operatively disposed relative to the third surface area such that when the primer is activated, the third surface area of the propellant is ignited. The arrangement is such that firstly, while the third surface area is burning and generating gas between the upstream end of the gun barrel and the projectile, the rate of gas pressure increase begins to propel the projectile towards the downstream end of the gun barrel. Secondly, the third surface area of the propellant while burning exposes a progressively increasing surface area of the propellant for burning together with an associated increased generation of gas, the increasing surface area of the propellant defining a concave crater, the crater having a wall which progressively increases in surface area during the burning such that the rate of increase in gas pressure continues to increase for accelerating the projectile towards the downstream end of the gun barrel.

High Density Hybrid Rocket Motor

A high density, generally recognized as safe hybrid rocket motor is described which has a density-specific impulse similar to a solid rocket motor, with good performance approaching or equal to a liquid rocket motor. These high density hybrid motors resolve the packaging efficiency/effectiveness problems limiting the application of safe, low cost hybrid motor technology. 1. A high density hybrid rocket motor utilizing a storable , non-toxic oxidizer and high density , high regression fuel grain including:a. a oxidizer storage tank containing a high density, atmospheric pressure storable oxidizer containing >10% water and an AN, HAN, or HAP ionic liquid and having a density of at least about 1.4 g/cc;b. a fuel grain fabricated from a polymeric material with a density not including metal additions of at least 1.25 g/cc, and a mass regression rate at least about 25% greater than HTPB, and typically at least about 50% greater than HTPB;c. an injector sized to control atomization and flowrate at a design pressure;d. a pressurization systemwherein said motor exhibits stable burning and near constant ISP within the O/F range of at least about 1.5-3, and typically within the O/F range of about 1-4, with an ISP of at least 260 seconds.2. The motor as defined in claim 1 , wherein a high density polymeric fuel is used claim 1 , said fuel contains oxygen and has a density greater than about 1.25 claim 1 , and typically at least about 1.35 g/cc.3. The motor as defined in claim 2 , wherein said fuel contains about 10-50% metal fuel additions claim 2 , and typically about 25-35% metal fuel additions.4. The motor as defined in claim 3 , wherein said metal fuel additions includes one or more metals selected from the group consisting of Al claim 3 , Al—Mg claim 3 , Mg claim 3 , TiH claim 3 , AlMgB14 claim 3 , CaB6 claim 3 , AlB2 claim 3 , MgB2 claim 3 , SiB6 claim 3 , or B claim 3 , where the metal fuel may be coated with a fluoropolymer such as PVDF claim 3 , THV claim 3 , PTFE ...

Vortex hybrid rocket motor

Various embodiments of a vortex hybrid motor are described herein. In some embodiments, the vortex hybrid motor may include a combustion zone defined by a fuel core and/or motor housing. The combustion zone may include an upper zone and a central zone that each contribute to thrust created by the vortex hybrid motor. In some embodiments, an injection port configuration is described that includes a proximal injection port that may be controlled for modulating a delivery of an amount of oxidizer for adjusting an oxidizer-to-fuel ratio. In some embodiments, a fuel core configuration is described that provides radially varying gradients of fuel in order to achieve desired thrust profiles. In some embodiments, the fuel core may include a support structure and/or a proximal end of a nozzle of the vortex hybrid motor may extend into the fuel core.

DOWNHOLE TOOL EXPLOSIVE WITH THERMALLY CONDUCTIVE MATERIAL

A method can include forming a mixture of an explosive and a thermally conductive material; disposing at least a portion of the mixture in a chamber of a capsule; and at least partially sealing the chamber. 1. A method comprising:forming a mixture of an explosive and a thermally conductive material;disposing at least a portion of the mixture in a chamber of a capsule; andat least partially sealing the chamber.2. The method of wherein the capsule comprises a shell and wherein the at least partially sealing the chamber comprises fitting a liner to the shell.3. The method of wherein the thermally conductive material comprises one or more layers of graphene having at least one polymer bonded thereto.4. The method of wherein the thermally conductive material is coated on crystals of the explosive.4. The method of wherein the thermally conductive material comprises a thermal conductivity in excess of 100 W mK.5. The method of wherein the thermally conductive material comprises a thermal conductivity in excess of 1000 W mK.6. The method of wherein the mixture comprises at least approximately 0.1 percent of the thermally conductive material by mass.7. The method of wherein the chamber comprises a booster chamber that comprises a volume of at least approximately 0.5 cm.8. The method of wherein the chamber comprises a volume of at least approximately 2 cm.9. The method of comprising disposing the capsule in a perforating gun and disposing the perforating gun in a bore in a geologic environment.10. The method of comprising heating the capsule to a temperature greater than approximately 120 degrees C.11. The method of comprising sensing thermal effusivity of the mixture and controlling the forming based at least in part on the sensing. This is a divisional application claiming priority to U.S. application Ser. No. 14/969,738, filed Dec. 15, 2015.A downhole perforating gun can be an example of a downhole tool and can include an explosive that can be discharged to generate one or ...

PHLEGMATISATION OF AN EXPLOSIVE IN AN AQUEOUS SUSPENSION

A method for phlegmatising an explosive in an aqueous suspension including a dispersed phlegmatising agent. The phlegmatising agent is deposited on a surface of the explosive at low temperature utilizing opposite electric charges of the phlegmatising agent and the explosive. Also a device and a phlegmatised explosive. 1. A method for phlegmatising an explosive in an aqueous suspension containing a dispersion solution and a dispersion decomposer , the method comprising:preparing an aqueous suspension comprising 75-80 wt % of water and 20-25 wt % of an explosive,preparing a dispersion solution comprising 40-80 wt % of water, 20-50 wt % of a phlegmatising agent, 0-10 wt % of a dispersing agent, 2-4 wt % of inorganic hydroxides, and 0-1 wt % of stabilisers and preservatives,preparing a dispersing agent comprising 0-10 wt % of water and 90-100 wt % of a dispersion-decomposing agent,adding dispersion solution to the aqueous suspension at a mixing ratio of 4-5 parts by weight of the dispersion solution to 400-500 parts by weight of the aqueous suspension,heating the aqueous suspension to approx. 30° C.,{'b': 404', '405, 'depositing the phlegmatising agent on a surface of the explosive utilizing opposite electric charges of the phlegmatising agent and the explosive as a result of adding the dispersion decomposer to the aqueous suspension at a mixing ratio of 0.5-1 part by weight of the dispersion decomposer to - parts by weight of the aqueous suspension,'}heating the aqueous suspension to 30-45° C.,cooling the aqueous suspension to 15-25° C.,separating the phlegmatised explosive from the aqueous suspension by filtration,washing the phlegmatised explosive by rinsing with water, anddrying of the phlegmatised explosive.2. The phlegmatisation method according to claim 1 , wherein the dispersion decomposer further comprises graphite at a ratio of 0-1 part by weight of graphite to 300-400 parts by weight of water claim 1 , and wherein the dispersion-decomposing agent comprises ...

Explosive composition for use in telescopically expanding non-lethal training ammunition

An explosive composition for use in telescopically expanding non-lethal training ammunition comprises tetrazene and paraffin wax. The explosive composition can be used as a primer and/or as a source of energetic material in a telescopically expanding non-lethal training cartridge; it can be used to propel a projectile from a telescopically expanding non-lethal training cartridge; and/or it can be used to expand telescopically a non-lethal training cartridge within a host gun.

EXPLOSIVE COMPOSITION MANUFACTURING AND DELIVERY PLATFORM, AND BLASTING METHOD

A mobile manufacturing and delivery platform that is adapted to provide in a blasthole an explosive composition comprising a liquid energetic material and sensitizing voids, the sensitizing voids being present in the liquid energetic material with a non-random distribution. The platform comprises a storage tank for the liquid energetic material; at least two delivery lines for conveying respective streams of the liquid energetic material from the storage tank; a void delivery system for producing sensitizing voids in at least one of the streams of liquid energetic material; a mixer for mixing the streams of liquid energetic material to produce the explosive composition; and a blasthole loading hose. The mixer may be provided at the end of the loading hose. A blasting method employs the platform to manufacture and deliver the explosive composition into a blasthole, which composition is subsequently detonated. 1. A mobile manufacturing and delivery platform that is adapted to provide in a blasthole an explosive composition comprising a liquid energetic material and sensitizing voids , the sensitizing voids being present in the liquid energetic material with a non-random distribution , wherein the mobile manufacturing and delivery platform comprises:a storage tank for the liquid energetic material;at least two delivery lines for conveying respective streams of the liquid energetic material from the storage tank;a void delivery system for producing sensitizing voids in at least one of the streams of liquid energetic material;a mixer for mixing the streams of liquid energetic material to produce the explosive composition; anda blasthole loading hose.2. A mobile manufacturing and delivery platform according to claim 1 , wherein the mixer is provided for mixing the streams of liquid energetic material to produce the explosive composition before delivery to the blasthole through the loading hose.3. A mobile manufacturing and delivery platform according to claim 1 , wherein ...

Methods for the Synthesis of Single-Wall Nanotubes for Energetic Applications

Single-walled nanotubes for use as additives in energetic materials, and methods for synthesizing such materials are described. The single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) additives comprise a mixture of high-purity SWNT and carbon encapsulated iron nanoparticles. The SWNT mixtures may comprise no more than 5% non-SWNT carbon, and the iron nanoparticles may be from 2-5 nm. The method of synthesizing the SWNTs may comprise a high-pressure carbon monoxide (HiPCO) process. The SWNT mixtures may be adapted for use as additives in energetic processes, such as, for example, rocket motors.

Ferrocenyl bonding agent oxidizers

Disclosed herein are energetic compositions and methods of making thereof. A composition includes perchlorate or nitrate containing oxidizer particles, a polymeric binder, and a borylated ferrocene derivative bonding agent bonded to a surface of at least a portion the perchlorate or nitrate containing oxidizer particles to form a Lewis complex.

GAS-GENERATING PYROTECHNIC MONOLITHIC BLOCKS

A substantially cylindrical gas-generating pyrotechnical monolithic block has a thickness no lower than 10 mm, an equivalent diameter no lower than 10 mm, and a porosity lower than 5%; and a composition, given as weight percentages, which contains, for at least 94% of the weight thereof: +77.5% to 92.5% of guanidine nitrate, +5% to 10% of basic copper nitrate, and +2.5% to 12.5% of at least one inorganic titanate with a melting temperature higher than 2100 K. 1. A gas-generating pyrotechnic monolithic block , of substantially cylindrical shape , wherein: an equivalent diameter greater than or equal to 10 mm, and', 'wherein', 'a porosity below 5%; and'}], 'the gas-generating pyrotechnic monolithic block has a thickness greater than or equal to 10 mm,'} +77.5 to 92.5% of guanidine nitrate,', '+5 to 10% of basic copper nitrate, and', '+2.5 to 12.5% of at least one inorganic titanate whose melting point is above 2100 K., 'a composition of the gas-generating pyrotechnic monolithic block, expressed in percentage by weight, contains, for at least 94% of its weight2. The block as claimed in claim 1 , whose thickness is between 10 and 100 mm and/or whose equivalent diameter is between 10 and 100 mm.3. The block as claimed in claim 1 , whose porosity is less than or equal to 2%.4. The block as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the composition of the gas-generating pyrotechnic monolithic block contains said guanidine nitrate and said basic copper nitrate in a ratio claim 1 , R claim 1 , between 8.5 and 15 (8.5≦R≦15).5. The block as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said at least one inorganic titanate consists of at least one inorganic titanate selected from the group consisting of metal titanates and alkaline-earth titanates.6. The block as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said at least one inorganic titanate consists of strontium titanate (SrTiO) and/or calcium titanate (CaTiO) and/or aluminum titanate (AlTiO).7. The block as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said guanidine nitrate claim 1 , ...

SELF-GLOWING MATERIALS AND TRACER AMMUNITION

A self-glowing solid material comprises a man-made metal mixture containing at least one rare earth metal and an oxide of iron. The material is inducible by flame initiation to self-glow with yellow-to-red colors (577-to-700 nanometer wavelengths). A stealth tracer ammunition comprises a projectile body having a tip and a base, and a solid pellet disposed in the base. The pellet may be made from the above-mentioned self-glowing solid material or another suitable material. The pellet becomes incandescent as a result of being heated when the ammunition is fired. The incandescent pellet emits a glow observable only from behind when the ammunition travels downrange after being fired. An illuminant comprises a bimodal blend of a man-made metal mixture containing at least one rare earth metal and an oxide of iron. The bimodal blend is a blend of smaller-sized fragments and larger-sized pellets. The illuminant is capable of ignition and dispersion in response to ballistic energy to create illumination. An illumination device comprises a body having an interior cavity, the body configured to be launched as a projectile or configured to contain projectiles. An illuminant is disposed in the cavity, the illuminant comprising a bimodal blend of a suitable illuminant material. The illuminant is capable of ignition and dispersion in response to ballistic energy to create illumination. 1. A stealth tracer ammunition comprising: a projectile body having a tip and a base; anda solid pellet disposed in the base of the projectile body;the pellet becoming incandescent as a result of being heated when the ammunition is fired;the incandescent pellet emitting a glow observable only from behind when the ammunition travels downrange after being fired.2. A stealth tracer ammunition comprising: a projectile body having a tip and a base; anda solid pellet disposed in the base of the projectile body;the pellet becoming incandescent as a result of being heated when the ammunition is fired;the ...

Illuminants and illumination devices

A self-glowing solid material comprises a man-made metal mixture containing at least one rare earth metal and an oxide of iron. The material is inducible by flame initiation to self-glow with yellow-to-red colors (577-to-700 nanometer wavelengths). A stealth tracer ammunition comprises a projectile body having a tip and a base, and a solid pellet disposed in the base. The pellet may be made from the above-mentioned self-glowing solid material or another suitable material. The pellet becomes incandescent as a result of being heated when the ammunition is fired. The incandescent pellet emits a glow observable only from behind when the ammunition travels downrange after being fired. An illuminant comprises a bimodal blend of a man-made metal mixture containing at least one rare earth metal and an oxide of iron. The bimodal blend is a blend of smaller-sized fragments and larger-sized pellets. The illuminant is capable of ignition and dispersion in response to ballistic energy to create illumination. An illumination device comprises a body having an interior cavity, the body configured to be launched as a projectile or configured to contain projectiles. An illuminant is disposed in the cavity, the illuminant comprising a bimodal blend of a suitable illuminant material. The illuminant is capable of ignition and dispersion in response to ballistic energy to create illumination.

Sorbent and Devices for Capturing, Stabilizing and Recovering Volatile and Semi-volatile Compounds

The present invention provides an improved sorbent and corresponding device(s) and uses thereof for the capture and stabilization of volatile organic compounds (VOC) or semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC) from a gaseous atmosphere. The sorbent is capable of rapid and high uptake of one or more compounds and provides quantitative release (recovery) of the compound(s) when exposed to elevated temperature and/or organic solvent. Uses of particular improved grades of mesoporous silica are disclosed. 2) The method of claim 1 , wherein the sorbent has been functionalized with one or more adsorption modifier functional groups that improve in at least one aspect the adsorption of particular VOC or SVOC.3) The method of claim 2 , wherein a) the one or more adsorption modifier functional groups are covalently bound to the porous medium; b) the one or more adsorption modifier functional groups are non-covalently bound to the porous medium; c) the mass content of functional groups in the porous medium as determined by thermogravimetric analysis is in the range of 20-25%; or d) a combination of any two or more thereof.4) The method of claim 1 , wherein the mesoporous silica sorbent comprises: a) at least one non-functionalized mesoporous silica; b) at least one functionalized mesoporous silica; or c) a combination of one or more non-functionalized mesoporous silica and one or more functionalized mesoporous silica.5) The method of claim 4 , wherein a weight ratio of non-functionalized mesoporous silica sorbent to functionalized mesoporous silica range from about 1:100 to about 100:1.6) The method of claim 4 , wherein said at least one functionalized sorbent is silane-functionalized mesoporous silica.7) The method of claim 6 , wherein the silane functionalized mesoporous silica has been functionalized by treating unfunctionalized mesoporous silica with a trialkoxyalkylsilane (RSi(OR)) claim 6 , wherein:{'sup': '1', 'Ris selected from the group consisting of aromatic group, ...

HIGH FIDELITY SHEET EXPLOSIVE SIMULANTS

An explosive sheet simulant that uses an ethylene vinyl acetate polymer combined with a mixture of a boron carbide and iron oxide for X-ray attenuating properties, and components of the mixture selected for predetermined flexural modulus combined with particle density, effective atomic number, X-ray transmission properties, or millimeter wave properties. 1. An explosive simulant , consisting of a mixture of:ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) polymer; andat least one compound selected from the group consisting of boron carbide and iron oxide wherein the explosive simulant is in a form of a sheet having predetermined flexural modulus and millimeter wave properties.2. The explosive simulant according to claim 1 , consisting of a mixture of EVA polymer claim 1 , boron carbide and iron oxide.3. The explosive simulant according to claim 2 , consisting of 25.0-58.0% EVA polymer claim 2 , 49.0-71.0% boron carbide and 0.7-2.5% iron oxide.4. A method for manufacturing an explosive simulant that imitates one or more properties of an explosive claim 2 , the method comprising:melting and blending an amount of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) polymer;adding to the EVA an amount of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of boron carbide and iron oxide, and mixing to form a uniform mixture;pouring the uniform mixture into a tray or mold and heating until a sheet is formed; andat least one of the amount of EVA polymer and the amount of the at least one compound being selected to provide the sheet with at least one predetermined property selected from the group consisting of flexural modulus and millimeter wave property.5. The method according to claim 4 , the EVA comprising a naphthenic plasticizer.6. The method according to claim 4 , further comprising the at least one compound including boron carbide and iron oxide.7. The method according to claim 4 , further comprising the explosive simulant consisting of 49.0-71.0% boron carbide claim 4 , 0.7-2.5% iron oxide claim 4 , ...

ENHANCED SLAG FORMATION FOR COPPER-CONTAINING GAS GENERANTS

Gas generants comprising copper are provided that have improved slagging ability. In certain aspects, the gas generants include a fuel, an oxidizer comprising basic copper nitrate, and a large particle size endothermic slag-forming component, such as aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)). The gas generants may be cool burning, e.g., having a maximum flame temperature at combustion (T)≦about 1,900K (1,627° C.). The disclosure also provides methods of enhancing slag formation for a gas generant composition that comprises copper. Such methods enhance slag formation during combustion of the gas generant composition by at least 50%. 1. A gas generant composition comprising:a fuel;an oxidizer comprising basic copper nitrate; and{'sub': 'c', 'an endothermic slag-forming component having an average particle size diameter of greater than or equal to about 150 μm, wherein the gas generant composition has a maximum flame temperature at combustion (T) of less than or equal to about 1,900K (1,627° C.).'}2. The gas generant composition of claim 1 , wherein the endothermic slag-forming component has a decomposition temperature in a range of greater than or equal to about 180° C. to less than or equal to about 450° C.3. The gas generant composition of claim 1 , wherein the endothermic slag-forming component is present at greater than or equal to about 5% by weight to less than or equal to about 20% by weight of the total gas generant composition.4. The gas generant composition of claim 1 , wherein the endothermic slag-forming component is selected from the group consisting of: aluminum hydroxide claim 1 , hydromagnesite claim 1 , Dawsonite claim 1 , magnesium hydroxide claim 1 , magnesium carbonate subhydrate claim 1 , Bohemite claim 1 , calcium hydroxide claim 1 , and combinations thereof.5. The gas generant composition of claim 1 , wherein the fuel is selected from the group consisting of: guanidine nitrate claim 1 , copper bis guanylurea dinitrate claim 1 , hexamine cobalt (III) nitrate ...

COOL BURNING GAS GENERANT COMPOSITIONS

Cool burning gas generating compositions having minimal performance variation at temperature and pressure extremes are provided. The gas generants include a primary fuel comprising a metal salt of a dicarboxylic acid (e.g., copper adipate), a secondary fuel (e.g., guanidine nitrate), at least one oxidizer (e.g., basic copper nitrate), and a burn rate modifier (e.g., zinc oxide). Such a cool burning gas generant composition has a maximum flame temperature at combustion (T) of ≦1700K and a linear burn rate pressure exponent of ≦0.3, along with superior combustion stability and desirably high gas output. Moreover, such a cool burning gas generant enables improved, lighter and more efficient inflator assemblies requiring fewer inflator components. 1. A cool burning gas generant composition comprising:a primary fuel comprising a salt of a dicarboxylic acid selected from a group consisting of: succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, and pimelic acid;a secondary fuel distinct from the primary fuel;at least one oxidizer; and{'sub': 'c', 'a burn rate modifier; wherein the cool burning gas generant composition has a maximum flame temperature at combustion (T) of less than or equal to about 1700K.'}2. The cool burning gas generant composition of claim 1 , wherein the primary fuel comprises a cupric salt of adipic acid.3. The cool burning gas generant composition of claim 2 , wherein the primary fuel comprising the cupric salt of adipic acid is present at greater than or equal to about 10% to less than or equal to about 25% by weight of the cool burning gas generant composition.4. The cool burning gas generant composition of claim 1 , wherein the secondary fuel comprises guanidine nitrate.5. The cool burning gas generant composition of claim 4 , wherein the secondary fuel comprising guanidine nitrate is present at greater than or equal to about 5% to less than or equal to about 20% by weight of the cool burning gas generant composition.6. The cool burning gas generant ...

ILLUMINANTS AND ILLUMINATION DEVICES

A self-glowing solid material comprises a man-made metal mixture containing at least one rare earth metal and an oxide of iron. The material is inducible by flame initiation to self-glow with yellow-to-red colors (577-to-700 nanometer wavelengths). A stealth tracer ammunition comprises a projectile body having a tip and a base, and a solid pellet disposed in the base. The pellet may be made from the above-mentioned self-glowing solid material or another suitable material. The pellet becomes incandescent as a result of being heated when the ammunition is fired. The incandescent pellet emits a glow observable only from behind when the ammunition travels downrange after being fired. An illuminant comprises a bimodal blend of a man-made metal mixture containing at least one rare earth metal and an oxide of iron. The bimodal blend is a blend of smaller-sized fragments and larger-sized pellets. The illuminant is capable of ignition and dispersion in response to ballistic energy to create illumination. An illumination device comprises a body having an interior cavity, the body configured to be launched as a projectile or configured to contain projectiles. An illuminant is disposed in the cavity, the illuminant comprising a bimodal blend of a suitable illuminant material. The illuminant is capable of ignition and dispersion in response to ballistic energy to create illumination. 1. An illumination device comprising:a body having an interior cavity, the body configured to be launched as a projectile or configured to contain projectiles; andan illuminant disposed in the cavity, the illuminant comprising a bimodal blend of an illuminant material comprising a first mode of a one size and a second mode of a smaller size;the illuminant being capable of ignition in response to ballistic energy to create illumination.2. The illumination device of wherein the illumination comprises streamers and/or a flash at impact because the smaller size illuminant material scatters farther from ...

LONG UNSATURATED ALIPHATIC CHAINS AS STABILISERS FOR NITRATE ESTERS AND NITROCELLULOSE-BASED APPLICATIONS

A nitrocellulose-based composition for use as a propellant or as a combustible item is provided. The nitrocellulose-based composition includes a nitrate ester-based component including nitrocellulose; and a stabiliser (I) in the form of a long aliphatic chain having at least two unsaturation sites, the compound having a molecular weight of at least (120) and an iodine number of at least (25). 1. A nitrocellulose-based composition for use as propellant or as combustible item , said nitrocellulose-based composition comprising:(a) a nitrate ester-based component comprising nitrocellulose; and(b) a stabiliser (I) in the form of a long aliphatic chain having at least two unsaturation sites, the compound having a molecular weight of at least 120 and an iodine number of at least 25.2. The nitrocellulose-based composition according to claim 1 , wherein the nitrate ester-based propellant component consists of nitrocellulose alone (single base) or of a mixture comprising nitrocellulose in combination with at least a blasting oil and/or at least one energetic additive claim 1 , thus defining a double or higher base composition.3. The nitrocellulose-based composition according to claim 2 , wherein the blasting oil comprises at least a nitrated polyol claim 2 , which is obtained by nitration of a polyol selected from a group consisting of glycerol claim 2 , glycol claim 2 , diethylene glycol claim 2 , triethylene glycol and metriol.4. The nitrocellulose-based composition according to claim 1 , wherein the stabiliser is a component capable of reacting with both degradation products of the nitrate ester claim 1 , namely alkoxy radicals and NOx claim 1 , mainly by a series of hydrogen abstraction of one labile proton of the stabiliser claim 1 , located in the alpha-position of an unsaturation and recombinations with similar carbon-based free radicals or the NOx species from the ageing of nitrocellulose.5. The nitrocellulose-based composition according to claim 5 , wherein the ...

METHODOLOGY FOR DEVELOPING TEXTURE IN SIMULANTS

Various embodiments of the present invention are directed towards a simulant and method relating to producing a simulant. For example, a simulant of a textured target threat includes a background material associated with a background attenuation, and a texture component(s) dispersed in the background material and associated with a component attenuation and a component characteristic. The component characteristic prevents the component attenuation of the texture component from being homogeneously dispersed throughout the background attenuation of the background material, to cause the simulant to mimic an aspect(s) of an X-ray signature of the textured target threat. 1. A simulant of a textured target threat , comprising:a background material associated with a background attenuation; anda first texture component dispersed in the background material and associated with a first component attenuation and a first component characteristic;wherein the first component characteristic prevents the first component attenuation of the first texture component from being homogeneously dispersed throughout the background attenuation of the background material, to cause the simulant to mimic a first aspect of an X-ray signature of the textured target threat.2. The simulant of claim 1 , further comprising a second texture component dispersed in the background material and associated with a second component attenuation and a second component characteristic claim 1 , wherein the second component characteristic prevents the second component attenuation of the second texture component from being homogeneously dispersed throughout the background attenuation of the background material claim 1 , to cause the simulant to mimic a second aspect of an X-ray signature of the textured target threat.3. The simulant of claim 2 , wherein dispersion of at least one of the first texture component or the second texture component causes the simulant to have a spatially variant texture profile.4. The ...

Noble Gas Infused Emulsion Explosive

Provided is an emulsion explosive composition having voids/bubbles formed from one or more noble gases dispersed therein. Also provided is a method of manufacturing an emulsion explosive composition that includes mechanically and/or pneumatically infusing an emulsion explosive composition with a noble gas so as to create voids/bubbles formed from one or more noble gases. The noble gases can be contained within closed-cell micro-spheres that are dispersed throughout the emulsion explosive composition.

BURN RATE MODIFIER

The invention relates generally to burn rate modifiers and propellants comprising a burn rate modifier. The invention also relates to methods of producing a propellant comprising a burn rate modifier as well as an ammunition cartridge comprising the propellant. The burn rate modifier comprises a compound of formula 1 and the propellant comprises a compound of formula 1 and an energetic material. 118-. (canceled)20. The propellant according to claim 19 , wherein the energetic material is in the form of granules.21. The propellant according to claim 20 , wherein granules comprise a perforation.22. The propellant according to claim 19 , wherein the energetic material is selected from the group consisting of black powder claim 19 , ammonium perchlorate claim 19 , hexogen claim 19 , butanetrioltrinitrate claim 19 , ethyleneglycol dintrate claim 19 , diethyleneglycol dinitrate claim 19 , erithritol tetranitrate claim 19 , octogen claim 19 , hexanitroisowurtzitane claim 19 , metriol trinitrate claim 19 , N-Methylnitramine claim 19 , pentaerythritol tetranitrate claim 19 , tetranitrobenzolamine claim 19 , trinitrotoluene claim 19 , nitroglycerine claim 19 , nitrocellulose claim 19 , mannitol hexanitrate claim 19 , triethylene glycol dinitrate claim 19 , guanidine claim 19 , nitroguanidine claim 19 , 3-nitro-1 claim 19 ,2 claim 19 ,4-triazol-5-one claim 19 , ammonium nitrate claim 19 , propanediol dinitrate claim 19 , hexamine claim 19 , 5-aminotetrazole claim 19 , methyltetrazole claim 19 , phenyltetrazole claim 19 , polyglycidylnitrate claim 19 , polyglycidylazide claim 19 , poly[3-nitratomethyl-3-methyloxitane] claim 19 , poly[3-azidomethyl-3-methyloxitane] claim 19 , poly[3 claim 19 ,3-bis(azidomethyl)oxitane] claim 19 , nitrated cyclodextrin polymers claim 19 , poly glycidylnitrate claim 19 , and combinations thereof.23. The propellant according to claim 19 , wherein the energetic material is nitrocellulose.24. The propellant according to claim 20 , wherein the compound ...

Burn rate modifier

The invention relates generally to burn rate modifiers and propellants comprising a burn rate modifier. The Invention also relates to methods of producing a propellant comprising a burn rate modifier as well as an ammunition cartridge comprising the propellant. The burn rate modifier comprises a compound of formula 1 and the propellant comprises a compound of formula 1 and an energetic material.

SOLID ROCKET PROPELLANT WITH LOW GLASS TRANSITION

A solid rocket propellant includes a binder that has hydroxyl-terminated polybudadiene (HTPB) with a curative that is selected from isocyanate-terminated polyether, isocyanate-terminated polysiloxane, or combinations thereof. 1. A solid rocket propellant comprising a binder having hydroxyl-terminated polybudadiene (HTPB) with a curative selected from the group consisting of isocyanate-terminated polyether , isocyanate-terminated polysiloxane , and combinations thereof.2. The solid rocket propellant as recited in claim 1 , wherein the curative is the isocyanate-terminated polyether.3. The solid rocket propellant as recited in claim 2 , wherein the isocyanate-terminated polyether is diisocyanate-terminated polyether.4. The solid rocket propellant as recited in claim 2 , wherein the diisocyanate-terminated polyether is fluorinated.5. The solid rocket propellant as recited in claim 2 , wherein the diisocyanate-terminated polyether is hexamethylene diisocyanate-terminated perfluoro-3 claim 2 ,6 claim 2 ,9-trioxaundecane-1 claim 2 ,11-diol (FODI).6. The solid rocket propellant as recited in claim 2 , wherein the diisocyanate-terminated polyether is hexamethylene diisocyanate-terminated polytetrahydrofuran (pTHF).7. The solid rocket propellant as recited in claim 1 , wherein the curative is the isocyanate-terminated polysiloxane.8. The solid rocket propellant as recited in claim 7 , wherein the isocyanate-terminated polysiloxane is diisocyanate-terminated polysiloxane.9. The solid rocket propellant as recited in claim 1 , wherein the isocyanate is aliphatic diisocyanate.10. The solid rocket propellant as recited in claim 1 , wherein the isocyanate is hexamethylene diisocyanate.11. The solid rocket propellant as recited in claim 1 , wherein the binder has a ratio of the curative to the HTPB claim 1 , by weight claim 1 , of about 5:95 to about 40:60.12. The solid rocket propellant as recited in claim 1 , wherein the curative is hexamethylene diisocyanate-terminated polyether ...

Noble Gas Infused Emulsion Explosive

Provided is an emulsion explosive composition having voids/bubbles formed from one or more noble gases dispersed therein. Also provided is a method of manufacturing an emulsion explosive composition that includes mechanically and/or pneumatically infusing an emulsion explosive composition with a noble gas so as to create voids/bubbles formed from one or more noble gases. The noble gases can be contained within closed-cell micro-spheres that are dispersed throughout the emulsion explosive composition. 1. An emulsion explosive composition having dispersed therein voids/bubbles comprising one or more noble gases.2. The emulsion explosive composition of claim 1 , wherein the noble gases are selected from the group consisting of Ar and He.3. The emulsion explosive composition of claim 2 , wherein the voids/bubbles consist essentially of Ar claim 2 , He claim 2 , or a combination of Ar and He.4. The emulsion explosive composition of claim 1 , wherein the voids/bubbles are in the form of closed-cell micro-spheres.5. The emulsion explosive composition of claim 1 , wherein the voids/bubbles consist of one or more noble gases.6. The emulsion explosive composition of claim 2 , wherein the voids/bubbles consist of Ar claim 2 , He claim 2 , or a combination of Ar and He.7. The emulsion explosive composition of claim 1 , wherein the voids/bubbles are between 50 nm and 3 mm in size.8. The emulsion explosive composition of claim 7 , wherein the voids/bubbles are between 10 μm and 3 mm in size.9. A method of manufacturing an emulsion explosive composition claim 7 , comprising infusing an emulsion explosive composition with a noble gas so as to create voids/bubbles comprising one or more noble gases dispersed within the emulsion explosive composition.10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the voids/bubbles consist essentially of Ar claim 9 , He claim 9 , or a combination of Ar and He.11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the voids/bubbles are formed as closed-cell micro-spheres.12. The ...

Enhanced Slag Formation For Copper-Containing Gas Generants

Gas generants comprising copper are provided that have improved slagging ability. In certain aspects, the gas generants include a fuel, an oxidizer comprising basic copper nitrate, and a large particle size endothermic slag-forming component, such as aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3). The gas generants may be cool burning, e.g., having a maximum flame temperature at combustion (Tc)≤about 1,900K (1,627° C.). The disclosure also provides methods of enhancing slag formation for a gas generant composition that comprises copper. Such methods enhance slag formation during combustion of the gas generant composition by at least 50%.

DETONATOR-SENSITIVE ASSEMBLED BOOSTER CHARGES FOR USE IN BLASTING ENGINEERING AND THE USE THEREOF

This invention relates to detonator-sensitive assembled booster charges for use in blasting engineering. The booster charge comprises nitroalkane and a cavity-forming agent. 115-. canceled16. A detonator-sensitive booster charge for use in blasting engineering comprising:a mixture comprising a nitromethane, fumed silica, and a cavity-forming means comprising a plurality of hollow glass microspheres, anda receptacle for an ignition device,wherein the booster charge is configured so as to be waterproof and temperature-resistant.17. The detonator-sensitive booster charge according to claim 16 , wherein the booster charge is made of a liquid-impermeable material.18. The detonator-sensitive booster charge according to claim 17 , wherein the booster charge exhibits a concave curvature arranged on an opposite side of the receptacle for the ignition device.19. The detonator-sensitive booster charge according to claim 18 , wherein the concave curvature comprises a metallic coating.20. The detonator-sensitive booster charge according to claim 16 , wherein the ignition device comprises a blasting cap claim 16 , a detonating cord claim 16 , or a non-electric detonator.21. The detonator-sensitive booster charge according to claim 16 , wherein the hollow glass microsphere has a grain size of 20-200 μm.22. The detonator-sensitive booster charge according to claim 18 , wherein the mixture comprises between 85% by weight and 98.3% by weight nitromethane claim 18 , between 1.5% by weight and 10% by weight fumed silica claim 18 , and between 0.2% by weight and 10% by weight cavity-forming means comprising a plurality of hollow glass microspheres.23. The detonator-sensitive booster charge according to claim 17 , wherein the mixture comprises 92.5% by weight nitromethane claim 17 , 6.5% by weight fumed silica claim 17 , and 1% weight cavity-forming means comprising a plurality of hollow glass microspheres claim 17 , wherein the hollow glass microspheres have a grain size of ...

PROPELLANT STABILIZER

The invention relates generally to propellant stabilizers. The invention also relates to methods of producing a propellant comprising a propellant stabilizer as well as an ammunition cartridge comprising the stabilized propellant. The propellant stabilizer comprises a compound of formula 1 2. The propellant according to claim 1 , wherein the energetic material is in the form of granules.3. The propellant according to claim 1 , wherein the energetic material is selected from the group consisting of black powder claim 1 , ammonium perchlorate claim 1 , hexogen claim 1 , butanetrioltrinitrate claim 1 , ethyleneglycol dintrate claim 1 , diethyleneglycol dinitrate claim 1 , erithritol tetranitrate claim 1 , octogen claim 1 , hexanitroisowurtzitane claim 1 , metriol trinitrate claim 1 , N-methylnitramine claim 1 , pentaerythritol tetranitrate claim 1 , tetranitrobenzolamine claim 1 , trinitrotoluene claim 1 , nitroglycerine claim 1 , nitrocellulose claim 1 , mannitol hexanitrate claim 1 , triethylene glycol dinitrate claim 1 , guanidine claim 1 , nitroguanidine claim 1 , 3-nitro-1 claim 1 ,2 claim 1 ,4-triazol-5-one claim 1 , ammonium nitrate claim 1 , propanediol dinitrate claim 1 , hexamine claim 1 , 5-aminotetrazole claim 1 , methyltetrazole claim 1 , phenyltetrazole claim 1 , polyglycidylnitrate claim 1 , polyglycidylazide claim 1 , poly[3-nitratomethyl-3-methyloxitane] claim 1 , poly[3-azidomethyl-3-methyloxitane] claim 1 , poly[3 claim 1 ,3-bis(azidomethyl)oxitane] claim 1 , nitrated cyclodextrin polymers claim 1 , poly glycidylnitrate claim 1 , and combinations thereof.4. The propellant according to claim 1 , wherein the energetic material is nitrocellulose.5. The propellant according to claim 1 , wherein the compound of formula 1 is 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)butan-2-one.6. The propellant according to claim 1 , further comprising a graphite layer.7. A method of preparing a propellant according to claim 1 , comprising dispersing the compound of formula 1 evenly throughout ...

BLASTING COMPOSITIONS

A blasting explosive composition containing a solid inorganic oxidising salt as the oxidizer component, a hydrocarbon liquid as the fuel component, and a binding agent. The composition can also contain an ammonium nitrate based emulsion. The binding agent can increase the water resistance, or increase the sleep time, of the explosive composition, or increase the fuel oil absorbency of the solid inorganic oxidising salt. The binding agent is selected from one or more of a long chain carboxylic acid and its salts and derivatives, especially those having from 8 to 100 or preferably 10 to 50 carbon units. The binding agent may preferably be selected from one or more of: dimer acid, trimer acid, polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, oleic acid, stearic acid, sorbitan tristearate, and their salts and esters. 1. A blended explosive composition having a particulate oxidizer component and a fuel component , wherein the particulate oxidizer component contains one or more oxidizer salts , and the fuel component contains carbonaceous material and a binding agent dissolved therein , and wherein the binding agent is selected from one or more of a long chain carboxylic acid and its salts and derivatives thereof characterized in that the binding agent binds the carbonaceous material to the particulate oxidizer component , thereby increasing the water resistance of the blended explosive composition.2. The blended explosive composition of claim 1 , wherein the oxidizer salt is ammonium nitrate.3. The blended explosive composition of claim 1 , wherein the oxidizer salt is in the form of separate discrete particles as a prill.4. The blended explosive composition of claim 1 , wherein the carbonaceous material is fuel oil.5. The blended explosive composition of claim 1 , which is an ammonium nitrate/fuel oil (ANFO) type explosive composition.6. The blended explosive composition of claim 1 , which is an ammonium nitrate/fuel oil (ANFO) type explosive composition mixed with an ammonium ...

Flameless Igniting Slurry Composition and Method of Preparing

A flameless igniting slurry composition has an oxidizer, a fuel, a flame retardant, a liquid, and a rheology modifier. The rheology modifier and the flame retardant may be in particulate form. The flame retardant may be a water-soluble salt. The liquid may be water. The oxidizer may be potassium nitrate. The fuel may be silicon and charcoal. The composition may consist of on a mass basis 25-50% oxidizer, 20-30% fuel, 2-5% flame retardant, and 0.5-10% rheology modifier. The invention may be a device consisting of a shape of absorbent web material impregnated with the composition in a dried state. The invention may be a device consisting of the composition in a dried, particulate form. A process for producing the composition is also disclosed. 1. A pyrotechnic flameless ignition composition comprising:an oxidizer;a fuel;a flame retardant;a liquid; anda rheology modifier.2. The composition of wherein the rheology modifier is in particulate form.3. The composition of wherein the rheology modifier is at least one of the group consisting of polyethylene glycol claim 1 , polyvinyl alcohol claim 1 , polyvinyl pyrrolidone claim 1 , polysaccharides claim 1 , sucroglycerides of edible vegetable oil claim 1 , and powdered smectite clay.4. The composition of wherein the flame retardant is in particulate form.5. The composition of wherein the flame retardant is a water-soluble salt.6. The composition of wherein the water-soluble salt is at least one of the group consisting of guanidine hydrochloride claim 5 , guanidine acetate claim 5 , guanidine sulfate claim 5 , guanidine carbonate claim 5 , guanidine thiocyanate claim 5 , guanidine nitrate claim 5 , and guanidine carbonate.7. The composition of wherein the liquid is an organic solvent.8. The composition of wherein the liquid is water.9. The composition of wherein the oxidizer is potassium nitrate.10. The composition of wherein the fuel is at least one of the group consisting of silicon and charcoal.11. The composition of ...

STABILIZED NITROCELLULOSE-BASED PROPELLANT COMPOSITION

The present invention concerns a nitrocellulose-based propellant composition comprising: 2. The propellant composition according to claim 1 , wherein the nitrate ester based propellant is a single base propellant consisting of nitrocellulose alone or is a double or higher base propellant comprising nitrocellulose in combination with at least one blasting oil and/or at least one energetic additive.3. The propellant composition according to claim 1 , wherein the stabilizer is a substance capable of reacting by H-abstraction with radical alkoxy groups formed by degradation of the nitrate ester to form a first by-product capable of reacting with NOx formed by degradation of the nitrate ester to form a second by-product comprising no NNO groups.4. The propellant composition according to claim 3 , wherein the second by-product is capable of reaction with radical alkoxy groups or with NOx formed by degradation of the nitrate ester for forming third and subsequent by-products capable of reacting with such radical alkoxy groups or with NOx.5. The propellant composition according to claim 2 , wherein the at least one blasting oil comprises at least a nitrated polyol claim 2 , said nitrated polyol is obtained by nitration of polyol selected from a group consisting of glycerol claim 2 , glycol claim 2 , diethylene glycol claim 2 , triethylene glycol and metriol claim 2 , and wherein the at least one energetic additive is an energetic plasticizer selected from the group of nitramines or is an explosive.6. The propellant composition according to claim 1 , wherein Rrepresents G-s alkyl substituted or not.11. The propellant composition according to claim 1 , wherein the stabilizer is present at an amount between 0.1 and 5.0 wt. % claim 1 , with respect to the total weight of the propellant composition.12. The propellant composition according to claim 1 , wherein the nitrate ester based propellant comprises not more than 60 wt. % nitroglycerinan with respect of the total weight of ...

SIMPLE LOW-COST HAND-HELD LANDMINE NEUTRALIZATION DEVICE

A low-cost, reliable and easy to use kit for neutralizing surface exposed landmine and unexploded ordnance for humanitarian demining is provided. The kit contains a liquid fuel and a solid/soluble fuel. Both fuels are premeasured in separate, sealed containers. The addition of a small quantity of solid/soluble fuel into the liquid creates an explosive. The resulting mixture is capable of detonating with a standard No. 8 blasting cap. The solid/soluble fuel can be in the form of a powder, tablet, or its saturated solution in water. The solid/soluble fuel is hexamethylenetetramine. The liquid fuel, nitromethane, is provided in premeasured quantities. User is provided instructions for choosing the appropriate quantity of liquid fuel, the corresponding solid/soluble fuel required, the method of mixing, placement and detonation of the kits. Also disclosed is a simple wooden stand to hold the bottle of explosive in place. A special fuel, liquid 2-ethylhexylnitrate, is provided to desensitize the mixed and sensitized explosive. 1. A demining kit for neutralizing mines and unexploded ordnance , comprising:a first container having a sealable opening with a matching screw cap, wherein either the first container or the screw cap is capable of securing a standard blasting cap;a premeasured amount of flammable liquid in the first container;a second small sealable container capable of reuse;a predetermined amount of soluble fuel sensitizer contained in the second small sealable container sufficient to sensitize the flammable liquid for detonation using an initiation system based on the standard blasting cap; anda desensitizer.2. The demining kit for neutralizing mines and unexploded ordnance according to claim 1 , wherein said soluble fuel sensitizer is selected from solid cyclic aliphatic amines claim 1 , DBCO claim 1 , 4 claim 1 ,4′-diaminodicyclohexylmethane claim 1 , hexamethylene tetramine claim 1 , piperazine anhydrous and combinations thereof claim 1 , and the flammable ...

AN EXPLOSIVE COMPOSITION

An explosive composition comprising a reagent that inhibits corrosion of a metal or metal alloy when the explosive composition comes into contact with the metal or metal alloy. 1. An explosive composition comprising a reagent that inhibits corrosion of a metal or metal alloy when the explosive composition comes into contact with the metal or metal alloy.2. An explosive composition according to claim 1 , wherein the reagent inhibits corrosion of copper and copper alloys when the explosive composition comes into contact with copper or the copper alloy.3. An explosive composition according to claim 1 , wherein the explosive composition comprises an explosive precursor and sensitising species.4. An explosive composition according to claim 3 , wherein the explosive precursor comprises the reagent.5. An explosive composition according to claim 4 , wherein the emulsion precursor is an emulsion produced by mixing an aqueous oxidizer salt solution with a fuel and emulsifier claim 4 , and wherein the reagent is water soluble and provided in the aqueous oxidizer salt solution.6. An explosive composition according to claim 3 , wherein the reagent is introduced into the explosive composition or explosive precursor via an aqueous lubricant that is used to lubricate delivery of the explosive composition or explosive precursor through a loading hose.7. An explosive composition according to claim 3 , wherein the reagent is included in a gassing solution that is mixed with the explosive precursor in order to generate gas bubbles as the sensitising species.8. An explosive composition according to claim 1 , wherein the reagent inhibits corrosion by a direct mechanism.9. An explosive composition according to claim 1 , wherein the reagent inhibits corrosion by an indirect mechanism.10. An explosive composition according to claim 1 , wherein one or more reagents are used to provide corrosion inhibition by a combination of direct and indirect mechanisms.11. A blasting system comprising a ...

Sorbent and Devices for Capturing, Stabilizing, and Recovering Volatile and Semi-volatile Compounds

The present invention provides an improved sorbent and corresponding device(s) and uses thereof for the capture and stabilization of volatile organic compounds (VOC) or semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC) from a gaseous atmosphere. The sorbent is capable of rapid and high uptake of one or more compounds and provides quantitative release (recovery) of the compound(s) when exposed to elevated temperature and/or organic solvent. Uses of particular improved grades of mesoporous silica are disclosed. 1) A flexible device for passive sampling of volatile organic compound or semi-volatile organic compound in air or gaseous environment , the device comprisinga flexible facing layer;a flexible intermediate layer;a flexible backing layer comprising attachment means; andone or more sorbent-holding containers disposed between said facing layer and said intermediate layer, said containers retaining respective charges of sorbent; whereinsaid facing layer, said intermediate layer, and said one or more sorbent-holding containers are permeable to volatile organic compound (VOC) and/or semi-volatile organic compound (SVOC).2) The device of claim 1 , wherein a) said facing layer and said intermediate layer are independently selected upon each occurrence from a mesh claim 1 , fabric claim 1 , foam claim 1 , material through which VOC or SVOC can pass claim 1 , or any combination thereof; b) said device further comprises one or more non-permeable sorb ent-holding containers comprising VOC- and SVOC-impermeable material defining a sealed chamber retaining a charge of sorbent; c) said device further comprises VOC- and SVOC-impermeable packaging material enclosing said device; d) said one or more porous sorbent-holding containers is replaceable; e) said device is reusable; f) said device further comprises VOC- and SVOC-impermeable packaging material enclosing said one or more sorbent-holding containers; g) said backing layer is non-permeable to VOC or SVOC; h) said backing layer is ...

BURN RATE MODIFIER

The invention relates generally to burn rate modifiers, plasticizers and propellants comprising a burn rate modifier and/or a plasticizer. The invention also relates to methods of producing a propellant comprising a burn rate modifier and/or a plasticizer as well as an ammunition cartridge comprising the propellant. The burn rate modifier and/or plasticiser comprises a compound of formula (1) (Formula (1)) and the propellant comprises a compound of formula 1 and an energetic material. 120-. (canceled)22. The propellant according to claim 21 , wherein the energetic material is in the form of granules.23. The propellant according to claim 22 , wherein the granules comprise a perforation.24. The propellant according to claim 21 , wherein the energetic material is selected from the group consisting of carbon black powder claim 21 , ammonium perchlorate claim 21 , hexogen claim 21 , butanetrioltrinitrate claim 21 , ethyleneglycol dintrate claim 21 , diethyleneglycol dinitrate claim 21 , erithritol tetranitrate claim 21 , octogen claim 21 , hexanitroisowurtzitane claim 21 , metriol trinitrate claim 21 , N-Methylnitramine claim 21 , pentaerythritol tetranitrate claim 21 , tetranitrobenzolamine claim 21 , trinitrotoluene claim 21 , nitroglcerine claim 21 , nitrocellulose claim 21 , mannitol hexanitrate claim 21 , triethylene glycol dinitrate claim 21 , guanidine claim 21 , nitroguanidine claim 21 , 3-nitro-1 claim 21 ,2 claim 21 ,4-triazol-5-one claim 21 , ammonium nitrate claim 21 , propanediol dinitrate claim 21 , hexamine claim 21 , 5-aminotetrazole claim 21 , methyltetrazole claim 21 , phenyltetrazole claim 21 , polyglycidylnitrate claim 21 , polyglycidylazide claim 21 , poly[3-nitratomethyl-3-methyloxitane] claim 21 , poly[3-azidomethyl-3-methyloxitane] claim 21 , poly[3 claim 21 ,3-bis(azidomethyl)oxitane] claim 21 , nitrated cyclodextrin polymers claim 21 , poly glycidylnitrate claim 21 , and combinations thereof.25. The propellant according to claim 21 , wherein the ...

LIQUID ELECTRICALLY INITIATED AND CONTROLLED GAS GENERATOR COMPOSITION

A liquid electrically initiated and controlled composition comprising an oxidizer, soluble fuel additive(s), and other optional additives to enhance the chemical or ballistic properties, or a combination thereof is disclosed. The liquid composition further comprises stabilizers to enhance thermal stability, sequestrants to minimize deleterious effects of transition metal contaminants, and combustion enhancers maximizing efficiency. Buffers and heavy metal sequestering or complexing agents may be used in combination to achieve the highest degree of thermal stability. Additional ionic co-oxidizers may be added to the liquid composition to stabilize the liquid oxidizer and further depress freezing point. The liquid phase of matter allows flow via pipes or tubes from tanks, reservoirs, or other containers, through metering valves, followed by ignition or combustion modulation when stimulated by electrodes, statically or dynamically. 1. A method of controlling gas generation , the method comprising the steps of: i. oxidizer at 65-79 percent by weight;', 'ii. fuel additive at 15-30 percent by weight; and', 'iii. a stabilizer and sequestrant at 0.1-1.0 percent by weight;, 'a. providing an electrically controlled gas generator composition comprisingb. providing an electrode in contact with said gas generator composition; andc. applying an electrical voltage to said gas generator composition via said electrode.2. The method according to wherein the oxidizer is hydroxylammonium nitrate (HAN).3. The method according to wherein the fuel additive is selected from the group consisting of cyclic saccharides claim 1 , complex sugars/polysaccharides and polyhydroxyl compounds soluble in liquid HAN oxidizer matrix.4. The method according to wherein the stabilizer and sequestrant is 2 claim 1 ,2′-Bipyridyl.5. The method according to wherein said gas generator composition further comprises a buffer at 0.1-1.0 percent by weight.6. The method according to wherein the buffer is ammonium ...

FLOWABLE COMPOSITION, METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE FLOWABLE COMPOSITION AND METHOD FOR FRACKING A SUBTERRANEAN FORMATION USING THE FLOWABLE COMPOSITION

A free-flowing composition (FC) comprising at least one fuel component (F), at least one oxidizing agent (O) and a glucan (G) having a β-1,3-glycosidically linked main chain and side groups β-1,6-glycosidically bonded thereto, the fuel component (F) and/or the oxidizing agent (O) being in liquid form. 1. A free-flowing composition (FC) comprisingat least one fuel component (F),at least one oxidizing agent (O) anda glucan (G) having a β-1,3-glycosidically linked main chain and side groups β-1,6-glycosidically bonded thereto,the fuel component (F) and/or the oxidizing agent (O) being in liquid form.2. The free-flowing composition (FC) according to claim 1 , wherein the glucan (G) has a weight-average molecular weight Min the range from 1.5*10to 25*10g/mol.3. The free-flowing composition (FC) according to claim 1 , wherein at least one fuel component (F) is solid and at least one oxidizing agent (O) is liquid.4. The free-flowing composition (FC) according to claim 1 , wherein the fuel component (F) used is a pulverulent metal alloy or pulverulent metal.5. The free-flowing composition (FC) according to claim 1 , wherein the fuel component (F) used is aluminum powder claim 1 , magnesium powder or a mixture of aluminum powder and magnesium powder.6. The free-flowing composition (FC) according to claim 4 , wherein the pulverulent metal alloy or the pulverulent metal has a particle size less than 100 μm.7. The free-flowing composition (FC) according to claim 1 , wherein the oxidizing agent (O) used is water.8. The free-flowing composition (FC) according to claim 1 , wherein the concentration of the fuel component (F) is in the range from 10 to 500 g/l of free-flowing composition (FC) and the concentration of the glucan (G) is in the range from 0.1 to 5 g/l of free-flowing composition (FC).9. A process for producing a free-flowing composition (FC) according to claim 1 , comprising the steps ofi) mixing at least one solid fuel component (F) and at least one liquid oxidizing ...

MECHANICALLY-GASSED EMULSION EXPLOSIVES AND METHODS RELATED THERETO

Emulsion explosives with gas bubbles that are resistant to in-borehole migration or coalescence are disclosed herein. Such emulsions can be sensitized by mechanically-introducing gas bubbles into the emulsion. Resistance to gas bubble migration and coalescence can be achieved by homogenization, without the need for bubble stabilization agents. 1. A method of delivering an emulsion explosive , the method comprising:obtaining an emulsion matrix comprising a discontinuous phase of oxidizer salt solution droplets in a continuous phase of a fuel, wherein the emulsion matrix has an initial viscosity of about 4,000 cP to about 20,000 cP;mechanically introducing gas bubbles into the emulsion matrix to sensitize the emulsion matrix and form an emulsion explosive; andhomogenizing the emulsion explosive to form a homogenized emulsion explosive with a viscosity of greater than or equal to 80,000 cP and that is devoid of an additive that stabilizes gas bubbles.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein homogenizing the emulsion explosive comprises subjecting the emulsion explosive to shear stress.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein subjecting the emulsion to shear stress comprises delivering the emulsion through a shearing device.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fuel comprises fuel oil.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein fewer than 10% of the gas bubbles that are in the emulsion immediately after homogenization coalesce with other bubbles within 3 minutes after homogenization.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gas is nitrogen claim 1 , helium claim 1 , a noble gas claim 1 , air claim 1 , carbon dioxide claim 1 , or combinations thereof.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein mechanically introducing a gas into the emulsion comprises delivering gas bubbles about 5 microns or less in diameter.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein mechanically introducing a gas into the emulsion comprises delivering compressed gas through a porous member into the emulsion.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein ...

BLASTING AGENT

The present invention provides a method of stabilizing a nitrate-based explosive through the use of a NOx scavenger. The present invention further provides a blasting agent including ammonium nitrate and a NOx scavenger. The present invention further provides for a method of blasting adapted for use in reactive and/or elevated temperature ground. 136-. (canceled)37. A method of stabilizing a nitrate-based explosive used in elevated temperature or reactive ground , the method comprising the step of scavenging NOx species formed in the explosive in the elevated temperature or reactive ground in order to remove NOx as a catalyst or reagent for any subsequent chemical reaction.38. A method according to claim 37 , wherein the NOx scavenger is a porous solid capable of adsorbing and/or absorbing NOx selected from zeolites (such as Zeolite SA claim 37 , A or 4A) claim 37 , molecular framework solids (such as Basolite-C300) claim 37 , layered double hydroxides (such as hydrotalcite and other hydrotalcite-like structures) and mixtures thereof.39. A method according to claim 37 , wherein the method further comprises the step of providing urea in the nitrate-based explosive.40. A method according to claim 37 , wherein the NOx scavenger comprises a transition metal oxide in a crystalline or amorphous form that reacts with NOx claim 37 , or otherwise catalyzes its reaction claim 37 , to produce a species that is inert with respect to the nitrate-based explosive.41. A method according to claim 37 , wherein the nitrate-based explosive comprises an oil phase claim 37 , and the method further comprises the step of providing the NOx scavenger in the oil phase of the explosive prior to use.42. A method according to claim 37 , wherein the nitrate-based explosive is a prill claim 37 , the oil phase comprises a fuel oil claim 37 , and the method further comprises the step of dispersing particles of the NOx scavenger in the fuel oil.43. A method according to claim 41 , wherein the method ...

Water Blocking in Explosive Compositions

An improved non-aqueous explosive composition for usage in wet blasting environs where the described embodiments are able to provide more efficient water blocking in ammonium nitrate and fuel oil explosive compositions than the prior art. One embodiment includes an oxidizer, fuel and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose used as a water-blocking agent. Another embodiment consists of an oxidizer, fuel and hydroxyethyl cellulose as a water blocker. Other embodiments include admixtures of carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl cellulose. 1. A water resistant non-aqueous explosive composition , comprising;(a) an inorganic oxidizing salt from 75 to 94%,(b) a carbonaceous fuel up to 10%, and(c) a water-blocking additive comprising sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in the amount of 0.1-25%.2. The composition of where the water-blocking additive is hydroxyethyl cellulose.3. The composition of where the water-blocking additive is an admixture of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl cellulose.4. The composition of where the water-blocking additive is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.5. The composition of where the water-blocking additive is an admixture of the water blocking additive sodium carboxymethyl cellulose claim 1 , hydroxyethyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.6. The composition of where the water-blocking additive is an admixture of the water blocking additives sodium carboxymethyl cellulose claim 1 , hydroxyethyl cellulose claim 1 , hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and guar gum.7. The composition of where the inorganic oxidizing salt is ammonium nitrate.8. The composition of where the carbonaceous fuel is fuel #2 fuel oil claim 1 , ground coal claim 1 , coke claim 1 , gilsonite or mixtures thereof. This application claims the benefit of provisional patent application Ser. No. 61/622,529, filed 2012 Apr. 11 by the present inventor.In the commercial explosives market for construction and mining applications, the current practice is to use ammonium nitrate ...

ILLUMINATION COMPOSITIONS, ILLUMINATION FLARES INCLUDING THE ILLUMINATION COMPOSITIONS, AND RELATED METHODS

An illumination composition comprising at least one oxidizer, at least one of a fuel and a binder, and at least one combustion rate modifier. The at least one oxidizer is selected from the group consisting of a potassium-containing oxidizer and a rubidium-containing oxidizer, the at least one oxidizer present in the illumination composition at from about 50 wt % to about 70 wt % and comprising particles each independently having a size within a range of from about 25 μm to about 325 μm. Additional illumination compositions, illumination flares, and methods of illuminating a target are also disclosed. 1. An illumination composition , comprising:at least one oxidizer selected from the group consisting of a potassium-containing oxidizer and a rubidium-containing oxidizer, the at least one oxidizer present in the illumination composition at from about 50 percent by weight to about 70 percent by weight and comprising particles each independently having a size within a range of from about 25 μm to about 325 μm;at least one of a fuel and a binder; andat least one combustion rate modifier.2. The illumination composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one oxidizer comprises:larger particles each independently having a particle size within a range of from about 275 μm to about 325 μm, the larger particles present in the illumination composition at from about 35 wt % to about 55 wt %; andsmaller particles each independently having a particle size within a range of from about 25 μm to about 35 μm, the smaller particles present in the illumination composition at from about 15 wt % to about 30 wt %.3. The illumination composition of claim 2 , wherein the larger particles and the smaller particles comprise different oxidizers than one another.4. The illumination composition of claim 1 , wherein the particles of the at least one oxidizer are substantially the same size as one another.5. The illumination composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one oxidizer is KNO.6. The ...

ROCKET MOTOR PROPELLANTS, SYSTEMS AND/OR METHODS

A rocket motor propellant including a low molecular weight hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) polymer and, a high molecular weight isocyanate. In some implementations, a rocket motor propellant hereof is plasticizer free. 1. A rocket motor propellant comprising :a low molecular weight hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) polymer; and,a high molecular weight isocyanate.2. A rocket motor propellant according to wherein one or both:the low molecular weight HTPB polymer is R20LM polymer; and,the high molecular weight isocyanate is DDI 1410 isocyanate.3. (canceled)4. A rocket motor propellant according to wherein the propellant is plasticizer free.5. A rocket motor propellant according to further including one or more of:a cure catalyst;a urethane cure catalyst ; and,a urethane cure catalyst of dibutlytin dilaurate.6. A rocket motor propellant according to wherein the range is on the order of about 70% to about 30% binder to curative.7. A rocket motor propellant according to ;wherein one or both:the combination of the low molecular weight hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) polymer and the high molecular weight isocyanate creates a liquid submix; and,the combination of the low molecular weight hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) polymer and the high molecular weight isocyanate creates a an unusually low viscosity for the combination.8. A rocket motor propellant according to further comprising in combination claim 1 , one or both:zero or more various oxidizers andzero or more metal fuels; mixed,', 'cast and', 'cured, 'wherein the combination produces a solid propellant formulation that is configured to be one or more ofat one of room or elevated temperature.9. A rocket motor propellant according to without the need of inert plasticizing agents.10. A rocket motor propellant according to wherein the low molecular weight of the low molecular weight HTPB polymer is less than about 1500.11. A rocket motor propellant according to wherein the molecular weight ...

TUNGSTEN OXIDE PRIMER COMPOSITIONS

A primer composition is provided having a primary explosive and an oxidizer system containing at least one tungsten oxide or one tungstate compound. The oxidizer system can by non-hydroscopic and non-toxic. The primer can include reducing agents, sensitizers, binders and gas producing agents. The primer composition generally is applicable to any application or device that employs ignition of a propellant, a fuel, a relay charge, a delay charge, or a booster charge, including, but not limited to, air bag gas generator systems, signaling devices, ejection seats, small, medium or large arms ammunition primers, and the like. 2. A primer composition comprising:a. no more than about 70% by weight of a percussion-sensitive organic primary explosive compound;b. from about 15% to about 50% by weight of a oxidizer;c. from about 5% to about 30% by weight of a reducing agent;d. from 0% to about 30% by weight of a sensitizer;e. from 0% to about 25% by weight of a gas producing agent;f. from 0% to about 20% by weight of a friction agent;g. from 0% to about 10% by weight of a decoppering agent; andh. from 0% to about 20% by weight of a conductive component.3. The primer composition of claim 2 , wherein the percussion-sensitive organic primary explosive compound comprises a compound chosen from salts of trinitroresorcinol claim 2 , dinitrobenzofuroxan (DNBF) claim 2 , potassium dinitrobenzofuroxane (KDNBF) claim 2 , diazodinitrophenol (DDNP) claim 2 , lead azide claim 2 , silver azide claim 2 , salts of fulminate claim 2 , salts of hydrazoic acid claim 2 , salts of 5-nitrotetrazole claim 2 , tetrazene claim 2 , salts of tetrazene claim 2 , salts of amino guanidine claim 2 , salts of cyanamide claim 2 , nitrocyanamide salts claim 2 , nitrophenol salts claim 2 , nitrosophenol salts nitramine salts claim 2 , salts of metazonic acid claim 2 , oxalic salts claim 2 , peroxides claim 2 , acetylide salts claim 2 , nitrogen sulphide claim 2 , nitrogen selenide claim 2 , thiocyanic salts ...

Extended bulk explosives and method of making the same

A resulting extended bulk explosive and the process for preparing and blending oil shale particulate with bulk explosives is provided, whereby the extending bulk explosive reduces its detonation velocity. The process includes the proper preparation of oil shale granulates to gain different cost effects and performance levels with predetermined blending percentages. The oil shale granulates may be crushed, screened, dried and prepared for blending in accordance to the disclosure of the present invention.

SURFACE MODIFIERS FOR PREPARING AGE-RESISTANT INORGANIC SALTS

Humidity and temperature may impact the physical properties of Basic Copper Nitrate (BCN), (Cu(OH)(NO), BCN) inorganic particles. The use of hydrophobic surface coatings on these inorganic particles have been found to protect and/or minimize the amount of surface degradation over a period of time. 1) Basic Copper Nitrate (BCN) particles , of the chemical formula Cu(OH)(NO) , for use in ballistic and gas generant applications , wherein said particles are coated with a hydrophobic surface coating.2) The particles of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobic surface coating is selected from organic surfactants claim 1 , polyols claim 1 , alkanolamines and combinations thereof.3) The particles of claim 2 , wherein the hydrophobic surface coating is selected from the group consisting of glycerin claim 2 , dextrose claim 2 , sorbitol and triethanolamine.4) The particles of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobic surface coating is glycerin.5) The particles of claim 2 , wherein the hydrophobic surface coating is about 0.1 to about 5% by weight of the total mass of particles.6) The particles of claim 2 , wherein the hydrophobic surface coating is about 0.5 to about 4% by weight of the total mass of particles.7) The particles of claim 4 , wherein the hydrophobic surface coating is about 0.1 to about 5% by weight of the total mass of particles.8) The particles of claim 4 , wherein the hydrophobic surface coating is about 0.5 to about 4% by weight of the total mass of particles.9) The particles of claim 4 , wherein the hydrophobic surface coating is about 1% to about 3% by weight of the total mass of particles.10) A ballistic basic copper nitrate composition treated with a hydrophobic surface modifying substance.11) The ballistic basic copper nitrate composition of wherein the surface modifying substance is selected form the group consisting of organic surfactants claim 10 , polyols and combinations thereof.12) The ballistic basic copper nitrate composition of wherein the surface modifying ...

Pyrotechnic delay element device

The present invention is a pyrotechnic time delay system that is improved over prior-art designs. Specifically, the system described herein comprises at least one delay element. The delay element or delay elements each have an input charge, a delay composition, and an output charge. Both the input charge and the output charge are igniter compositions and are comprised of the same components despite having different functional goals. The input charge and output charge compositions preferably contain titanium, manganese dioxide, and polytetrafluoroethylene. The delay composition may be modified from current formulations to include manganese and manganese dioxide, or tungsten and manganese dioxide. The system disclosed herein may be comprised of one delay element, or it may be modular wherein multiple delay elements are connected in series.

POLYMER COMPOSITE HAVING DISPERSED TRANSITION METAL OXIDE PARTICLES

A method of forming polymer composites includes mixing a transition metal oxide precursor including at least one transition metal, a polymer as a binder, a solvent for the polymer, and water to form a first solution including polymer-transition metal complexes. The polymer-transition metal complexes are hydrolyzed to produce a plurality of transition metal oxide nanoparticles, wherein water is added in the mixing in a stoichiometric excess for the hydrolyzing. The solvent and residual of the water remaining after the hydrolyzing are removed. A polymer composite including the transition metal oxide nanoparticles dispersed in the polymer results after the removing, where some of the polymer is chemically conjugated to a surface of the transition metal oxide nanoparticles. 1. A method of forming polymer composites , comprising:mixing a transition metal oxide precursor including at least one transition metal, a polymer as a binder, a solvent for said polymer, and water to form a first solution including polymer-transition metal complexes;hydrolyzing said polymer-transition metal complexes to produce a plurality of transition metal oxide nanoparticles, wherein said water is added in said mixing in a stoichiometric excess for said hydrolyzing, andremoving said solvent and residual of said water remaining after said hydrolyzing,wherein a polymer composite including said plurality of transition metal oxide nanoparticles dispersed in said polymer results after said removing, andwherein some of said polymer is chemically conjugated to a surface of said transition metal oxide nanoparticles.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said polymer provides OH functionality or COOH functionality.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said transition metal comprises titanium.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein before said mixing said transition metal oxide precursor is combined with a chelating agent claim 1 , and wherein said mixing comprises adding said transition metal oxide precursor ...

HIGH DENSITY HYBRID ROCKET MOTOR

A high density, generally recognized as safe, hybrid rocket motor is described, having a density-specific impulse similar to a solid rocket motor, with good performance approaching or equal to a liquid rocket motor. These high density hybrid motors resolve the packaging efficiency/effectiveness problems limiting the application of safe, low cost hybrid motor technology. 151-. (canceled)52. A fuel that can be used for a rocket motor comprising:a. an oxidizer containing greater than 10 wt. % water and an ionic liquid, said ionic liquid having a density of greater than 1.3 g/cc;{'sub': 2', '14', '6', '2', '2', '6, 'b. a fuel grain fabricated from a polymeric material with a density of at least 1.25 g/cc, said fuel grain contains about 10-50% metal fuel additions, said metal fuel additions including one or more metals selected from the group consisting of aluminum, aluminum-magnesium, magnesium, TiH, AlMgB, CaB, AlB, MgB, SiB, and boron.'}53. The fuel as defined in claim 52 , wherein said polymeric material has a density of at least about 1.35 g/cc.54. The fuel as defined in claim 52 , wherein said metal fuel additions are coated with a fluoropolymer claim 52 , said coating of said fluoropolymer constituting 1-5% by weight of said metal fuel additions.55. The fuel as defined in claim 52 , said polymeric material includes one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of polyacetal claim 52 , sorbitol claim 52 , pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA) claim 52 , polyoxymethylene (POM) claim 52 , polysaccharide claim 52 , and high molecular weight carboxylic acid.56. The fuel as defined in claim 52 , wherein the fuel grain contains an accelerator or modifier at 0.05-5%.57. The fuel as defined in claim 52 , wherein said fuel grain includes an energetic compound that includes one or more compounds selected from glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) claim 52 , glycidyl nitramine polymer (polyGlyN) claim 52 , 3-nitratomethyl-3-methyloxetane polymer (polyNIMMO) claim 52 , ...

HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPOSITE PYROTECHNIC PRODUCT WITHOUT Pb IN ITS COMPOSITION, AND PREPARATION THEREOF

A high performance composite pyrotechnic product without lead in its composition, and that can be obtained on an industrial scale without encountering a problem of potlife for the intermediate paste, the product containing organic energetic charges and a combustion catalyst in a plasticized binder including a cured energetic polymer and at least one energetic plasticizer. In characteristic manner, the cured energetic polymer consists of a glycidyle azide polymer (GAP) having number average molecular weight (Mn) lying in the range 700 g/mol to 3000 g/mol, cured via its hydroxyl terminal functions with at least one curing agent of polyisocyanate type; and the combustion catalyst consists of bismuth citrate. 1. A composite pyrotechnic product containing organic energetic charges and a combustion catalyst in a plasticized binder comprising a cured energetic polymer and at least one energetic plasticizer , wherein:said cured energetic polymer consists of a glycidyle azide polymer (GAP) having number average molecular weight (Mn) lying in the range 700 g/mol to 3000 g/mol, cured via its hydroxyl terminal functions with at least one curing agent of polyisocyanate type; andsaid combustion catalyst consists of bismuth citrate.2. The composite pyrotechnic product according to claim 1 , wherein said glycidyle azide polymer (GAP) has number average molecular weight (Mn) lying in the range 1700 g/mol to 2300 g/mol.3. The composite pyrotechnic product according to claim 1 , wherein said at least one energetic plasticizer is of the nitrate and/or nitramine type.4. The composite pyrotechnic product according to claim 1 , wherein said organic energetic charges are selected from:hexogen, octogen, hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane, nitroguanidine, ethylene dinitramine, N-guanylurea dinitramide, 1,1 -diamino-2,2-dinitro ethylene, bis(triaminoguanidinium)-5,5′-azotetrazolate, dihydrazinium 5,5′-azotetrazolate, 5,5′-bis(tetrazolyl)hydrazine, bis(2,2-dinitropropyl) nitramine, and ...

ADJUSTABLE STAND FOR HOLDING A LIQUID EXPLOSIVE

A low-cost, reliable and easy to use kit for neutralizing surface exposed landmine and unexploded ordnance for humanitarian demining is based on a liquid fuel and a solid/soluble fuel. Both fuels are premeasured in separate, sealed containers. The addition of a small quantity of solid/soluble fuel into the liquid creates an explosive. The resulting mixture is capable of detonating with a standard No. 8 blasting cap. The solid/soluble fuel can be in the form of a powder, tablet, or its saturated solution in water. The solid/soluble fuel is hexamethylenetetramine. The liquid fuel, nitromethane, is provided in premeasured quantities. User is provided instructions for choosing the appropriate quantity of liquid fuel, the corresponding solid/soluble fuel required, the method of mixing, placement and detonation of the kits. Also disclosed is a simple wooden stand to hold the bottle of explosive in place. A special fuel, liquid 2-ethylhexylnitrate, is provided to desensitize the mixed and sensitized explosive. 1. An adjustable stand for holding a bottle of liquid explosive having a molded socket to neutralize above ground or surface-laid landmines and unexploded ordnance , comprising:an elongated stake 45 cm long having dowel holes at regular intervals along its length;a dowel 20 cm long having an end for fitting to the molded socket and secure the bottle, and another end to insert the dowel through a dowel hole of the elongated stake, wherein said dowel has regularly spaced pin holes along its length; andpins to insert into selected pin holes to secure the dowel at an extension through said dowel hole of the elongated stake, said pin holes in the dowel allowing for adjustment of a horizontal distance between the elongated stake and the bottle containing the liquid explosive positioned near a neutralization target.2. The adjustable stand according to claim 1 , wherein said adjustment of a horizontal distance extends the bottle containing the liquid explosive over a mine as ...

Pyrotechnics Containing Oleoresin

A pyrotechnic composition includes a fuel, an oxidizer, flow and rate control agents and oleoresin capsicum as an irritant. The composition is useful in crowd control products. The composition contains rate control ingredients to maintain combustion at a temperature below the point of degradation of the oleoresin capsicum, balanced with a booster material to maintain combustion.

Gas generating compositions and methods of making and using thereof

Disclosed are gas generating compositions and methods of making and used them.

LOW-SMOKE PYROTECHNIC COMPOSITION

A low-smoke, pyrotechnic composition is provided. The composition may include Ceric Ammonium Nitrate as an oxidizer, a fuel source, stabilizer, and a binder. The use of Ceric Ammonium Nitrate as an oxidizing agent within the composition can result in reducing the amount of smoke generated during combustion of the composition, which may be beneficial for certain pyrotechnic applications. In certain constructions, the composition may include Ceric Ammonium Nitrate as an oxidizer, Nitrocellulose and Titanium as fuel sources, Cyanoguanidine as a stabilizer, Cupric Oxide as a burn rate catalyst, and any suitable binder agent. The amount of Ceric Ammonium Nitrate by percent weight of the composition may range between 20-80 percent, 30-40 percent, or 30.0-37.5 percent. In certain configurations, the amount of Ceric Ammonium Nitrate may be about 36.7 percent by weight. 1. A low-smoke , pyrotechnic composition comprising:an oxidizer comprising Ceric Ammonium Nitrate;a fuel source;a stabilizer; anda binder.2. The low-smoke claim 1 , pyrotechnic composition of claim 1 , wherein said fuel source comprises at least one of Nitrocellulose claim 1 , Hexamine claim 1 , Cellulose Nitrate claim 1 , Nitroguanidine claim 1 , Red Gum claim 1 , Titanium claim 1 , Aluminum claim 1 , Magnesium claim 1 , Boron claim 1 , Charcoal claim 1 , Silicon claim 1 , and a transition metal.3. The low-smoke claim 1 , pyrotechnic composition of claim 1 , wherein said stabilizer comprises at least one of Cyanoguanidine claim 1 , Dicyanodiamide claim 1 , 2-cyanoguanidine claim 1 , Guanidine-1-carbonitrile claim 1 , Diphenylamine claim 1 , Nitrodiphenylamine claim 1 , Akardite claim 1 , Ethyl Centralite claim 1 , Methyl Centralite claim 1 , and Carbonate salts.4. The low-smoke claim 1 , pyrotechnic composition of claim 1 , wherein said binder comprises at least one of Ethylcellulose claim 1 , Methylcellulose claim 1 , Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose claim 1 , Hydroxypropyl ethylcellulose polyvinyl alcohol ...

SELF-GLOWING MATERIALS AND TRACER AMMUNITION

A self-glowing solid material comprises a man-made metal mixture containing at least one rare earth metal and an oxide of iron. The material is inducible by flame initiation to self-glow with yellow-to-red colors (577-to-700 nanometer wavelengths). A stealth tracer ammunition comprises a projectile body having a tip and a base, and a solid pellet disposed in the base. The pellet may be made from the above-mentioned self-glowing solid material or another suitable material. The pellet becomes incandescent as a result of being heated when the ammunition is fired. The incandescent pellet emits a glow observable only from behind when the ammunition travels downrange after being fired. An illuminant comprises a bimodal blend of a man-made metal mixture containing at least one rare earth metal and an oxide of iron. The bimodal blend is a blend of smaller-sized fragments and larger-sized pellets. The illuminant is capable of ignition and dispersion in response to ballistic energy to create illumination. An illumination device comprises a body having an interior cavity, the body configured to be launched as a projectile or configured to contain projectiles. An illuminant is disposed in the cavity, the illuminant comprising a bimodal blend of a suitable illuminant material. The illuminant is capable of ignition and dispersion in response to ballistic energy to create illumination. 117-. (canceled)19. The self-glowing solid material of wherein the self-glow persists for a time from about 10 seconds to about 30 seconds after exposure of the material to the flame claim 18 , the flame having a temperature of at least about 1600° C. (2912° F.).2022-. (canceled)23. The self-glowing solid material of comprising at least 23 wt % iron oxide.24. The self-glowing solid material of wherein the material is a cone-shaped or a pyramid-shaped disc having a tip and a base claim 18 , which when the tip is directed toward an observer claim 18 , the area of the self-glow increases as the ...

REACH-COMPLIANT PYROTECHNIC DELAYED-ACTION COMPOSITION AND PRIMER CHARGE HAVING VARIABLY SETTABLE PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS

A pyrotechnic delayed-action composition and primer charge made of REACh-compliant components that are safe for humans and the environment. The delayed-action composition comprises at least one oxidant, at least one reducing agent, at least one filler and at least one mineral binder. The performance parameters thereof, in particular the burning time, can be set variably within a wide range. The composition clinkers on its own, thus preventing extinction at the front of the burning material even in dynamic conditions. The primer charge comprises at least one oxidant, at least one reducing agent, at least one filler and at least one mineral binder. It is easy to ignite and, due to its clinker structure, transfers its energy well to the compositions to be ignited. The delayed-action composition and the primer charge have the same structure and can easily be combined and adapted to each other in delayed-action units. 1. A pyrotechnic primer charge or delay composition composed of REACH (Registration , Evaluation , Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals)-compliant constituents which are toxicologically unproblematical for human beings and the environment , the pyrotechnic primer charge or delay composition comprising:at least one oxidizing agent;at least one reducing agent;at least one additive that is slag- or framework-forming; andat least one mineral binder.2. The pyrotechnic primer charge or delay composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the oxidizing agent comprises iron oxides claim 1 , iron(III) oxide (FeO) and/or iron(II claim 1 ,III) oxide (FeOor FeO.FeO).3. The pyrotechnic primer charge or delay composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the additive comprises aluminosilicates and/or silicate glasses.4. The pyrotechnic primer charge or delay composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the mineral binder comprises amorphous polysilicic acids.5. The pyrotechnic primer charge or delay composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the delay composition is ...

HIGH FIDELITY SHEET EXPLOSIVE SIMULANTS

An explosive sheet simulant that uses an ethylene vinyl acetate polymer combined with either a mixture of a boron carbide and iron oxide for X-ray attenuating properties or calcium carbonate for millimeter wave properties, wherein the components of the mixture are selected such that the sheet has a predetermined flexural modulus combined with particle density, effective atomic number, x-ray transmission properties, or millimeter wave properties. 1. An explosive simulant comprising:a sheet including a mixture of a boron carbide, an iron oxide, and an ethylene vinyl acetate polymer,wherein the components of the mixture are selected such that the sheet has a predetermined flexural modulus, particle density, effective atomic number, and x-ray transmission properties.2. The explosive simulant according to claim 1 , wherein the sheet includes 49.0-71.0% Boron Carbide claim 1 , 0.7-2.5% Iron Oxide claim 1 , and 25.0-58.0% ethylene vinyl acetate polymer.3. The explosive simulant according to claim 1 , wherein the ethylene vinyl acetate polymer includes about 35% HB-218 and 6% HS-103 with a range of 10.0-34.0% claim 1 , Polymer 230 claim 1 , 10.0-58.0% claim 1 , Polymer 218 claim 1 , and 6.0-34.0% Polymer 103.4. An explosive simulant comprising:a sheet including a mixture of a calcium carbonate and an ethylene vinyl acetate polymer,wherein the components of the mixture are selected such that the sheet has a predetermined flexural modulus, particle density, effective atomic number, and millimeter wave properties.5. The explosive simulant according to claim 4 , wherein the sheet includes 38.0-48.0% calcium carbonate and 52.0-62.0% HB-218 ethylene vinyl acetate polymer.6. A method for manufacturing a simulant that imitates the properties of an explosive comprising:melting and blending ethylene vinyl acetate polymer including a naphthenic plasticizer;adding specific amount of particulate chemicals selected from a group consisting of boron carbide, iron oxide, and calcium ...

Biodegradable reactive shooting target and method of manufacture

A concealed amalgamated neutralizer covertly combines neutralizer material comprised of various combinations of inert materials such as calcium carbonate or silicates with common explosive material for the prevention of malicious use of the explosive material in improvised explosive devices. The concealed amalgamated neutralizer device may vary in shape, size, and color and is therefore adaptable to varying methods of containment typified by common pyrotechnic products. The neutralizer material mimics the explosive material of the pyrotechnic products without detection. Upon disassembly of a concealed amalgamated neutralizer device, the neutralizer material is mixed with and neutralizes the explosive material rendering the explosive material useless as a component for an improvised explosive device. A biodegradable container is also provided for the amalgamated neutralizer and the explosive material.

EXOTHERMIC EXPANDABLE COMPOSITIONS

An expandable, exothermic gel-forming composition that is predominately useful in the consumer products and medical industries. More particularly, it relates to the use of expandable particulate exothermic gel-forming compositions with efficient and long-lasting heat production for heating surfaces and objects without the need for electricity or combustible fuel. 1. An expandable , exothermic gel-forming composition comprising:first and second metallic galvanic alloy particles;a metallic secondary shell comprised of at least one transitional metal; anda super absorbent polymer;wherein the first and second metallic galvanic alloy particles, the metallic secondary shell, and the super absorbent polymer are blended with each other;wherein the gel-forming composition expands as the gel-forming composition is hydrated and generates an exothermic reaction that produces heat for a predetermined duration of time when exposed to water and an electrolyte.2. (canceled)3. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein a powder mixture is formed from first and second metallic galvanic particles that are blended with the super absorbent polymer.4. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the galvanic metallic alloy particles are blended by a blending apparatus with a super absorbent polymer to form a homogenous powder mixture.5. (canceled)6. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the transitional metal of the secondary shell consists of Scandium claim 1 , Titanium claim 1 , Vanadium claim 1 , Chromium claim 1 , Manganese claim 1 , Iron claim 1 , Cobalt claim 1 , Nickel claim 1 , Copper claim 1 , Zinc claim 1 , Yttrium claim 1 , Zirconium claim 1 , Niobium claim 1 , Molybdenum claim 1 , Technetium claim 1 , Ruthenium claim 1 , Rhodium claim 1 , Palladium claim 1 , Silver claim 1 , Cadmium claim 1 , Hafnium claim 1 , Tantalum claim 1 , Tungsten claim 1 , Rhenium claim 1 , Osmium claim 1 , Iridium claim 1 , Platinum claim 1 , Gold claim 1 , Mercury claim 1 , ...

O-chlorobenzylidene malononitrile (cs) based self-combustible pyrotechnic compositions which have low ignition temperatures

O-Chlorobenzylidene malononitrile (CS) based self-combustible pyrotechnic compositions containing polycarbonate (PC) as a binder and 9,10-anthraquinone as a smoke component capable of producing tear gas smoke upon ignition. The pyrotechnic composition comprises an oxidizer and fuel. The formulation further comprises a stabilize

ENERGETIC THERMOPLASTIC FILAMENTS FOR ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING AND METHODS FOR THEIR FABRICATION

An energetic thermoplastic filament comprising an energetic material bound within a thermoplastic matrix and methods for the fabrication of an energetic thermoplastic filament are disclosed. The energetic material comprises an energetic material selected from an explosive, a propellant, a pyrotechnic, an oxidizer, or combinations thereof. The thermoplastic comprises a TPE, ETPE, or combinations thereof. The thermoplastic filaments may be formed by extrusion. The energetic thermoplastic filaments are particularly suitable for additive manufacturing by thermal FDM style 3D printing systems. 1. A method for the fabrication of an energetic thermoplastic filament , comprising the steps of:providing an energetic thermoplastic composition to an extruder, the energetic thermoplastic composition comprising an energetic material and a thermoplastic elastomer;extruding the energetic thermoplastic composition through an orifice of a heated nozzle to form an extrudate; andreducing the temperature of the extrudate to immobilize the energetic material within a thermoplastic matrix and form the energetic thermoplastic filament.2. The method recited in claim 1 , comprising the step of:reducing the particle size of the energetic thermoplastic composition constituents before providing the composition to the extruder.3. The method recited in claim 2 , wherein the step of reducing the particle size comprises placing the thermoplastic composition constituents in a device selected from the group consisting of a chopper claim 2 , a ball mill claim 2 , a rod mill claim 2 , a cryochopper claim 2 , a cryomill claim 2 , an impact mill claim 2 , and combinations thereof.4. The method recited in claim 1 , comprising the step of:mixing the energetic thermoplastic composition into a homogeneous composition before providing the composition to the extruder.5. The method recited in claim 4 , wherein the mixing step comprises mixing the energetic thermoplastic composition constituents in a device ...

Propellant compositions with metal nanoparticles

A propellant composition comprises a propellant solvent, a propellant base, and a plurality of metal nanoparticles. A powder or dried propellant composition is formed by removing at least a portion of the propellant solvent. The metal nanoparticles of the plurality of metal nanoparticles are nonionic. The plurality of metal nanoparticles functions to reduce visible light output by the propellant composition during deflagration.

COSMETIC COMPOSITION FOR PROTECTION AGAINST ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION AND ITS USE THEREFOR

COSMETIC AGENT FOR PROTECTION AGAINST UV RADIATION AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF

K-9 training aids made using additive manufacturing

Additive Manufacturing (AM) is used to make aids that target the training of K-9s to detect explosives. The process uses mixtures of explosives and matrices commonly used in AM. The explosives are formulated into a mixture with the matrix and printed using AM techniques and equipment. The explosive concentrations are kept less than 10% by wt. of the mixture to conform to requirements of shipping and handling.

Markeringsmedel, deras framstaellningsfoerfarande och anvaendning vid markering av spraengaemnen

Пористый гранулированный продукт, способ получения пористого гранулированного продукта

Изобретение относится к технологии получения пористого гранулированного продукта в виде пористой гранулированной аммиачной селитры. Предложен пористый гранулированный продукт в виде пористой гранулированной аммиачной селитры, имеющей форму кристаллической матрицы, с включенными в нее полыми микросферами в концентрации от 2 до 500 частей на миллион. Также предложен способ получения этого продукта, при котором микросферы вводят в аммиачную селитру во время гранулирования, и взрывчатый состав на основе аммиачной селитры и жидкого топлива, содержащий вышеуказанный продукт. Изобретение направлено на создание пористого гранулированного продукта в виде пористой гранулированной аммиачной селитры, взрывчатого вещества, содержащего этот продукт, и способ его получения, позволяющих достичь улучшенных результатов взрывания за счет снижения концентрации микросфер в пористой гранулированной аммиачной селитре. 3 с. и 12 з.п.ф-лы, 3 табл., 1 ил. ДД 91%0сс ПЧ сэ РОССИЙСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (19) (51) МПК” ВИ” 2 205 167. 13) С2 С 06В 31/28, 45/00, 21/00 12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (21), (22) Заявка: 9711577302, 18.09.1997 (24) Дата начала действия патента: 18.09.1997 (30) Приоритет: 19.09.1996 ГА 96/7922 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 20.07.1999 (46) Дата публикации: 27.05.2003 (56) Ссылки: 4$ 5540793 А, 30.07.1996. БАРРОН В.Л., КАНТОР В.Х. Техника и технология взрывных работ в США. - М.: Недра, 1989, с. 52. ЗЧ 509567, 05.04.1976. ($ 4889570, 26.12.1989. ЦЗ 4093478, 06.06.1978. 4Р 41-6238, 22.02.1972. (98) Адрес для переписки: 129010, Москва, ул. Б.Спасская, 25, стр.3, ООО "Юридическая фирма Городисский и Партнеры", пат.пов. Е.В.Томской, рег.№ 0106 (71) Заявитель: САСОЛЬ КЕМИКАЛ ИНДАСТРИЗ ЛИМИТЕД (7А) (72) Изобретатель: БАЛС Эдвин (7А), БРИДТ Джакобус (ГА), СПИТЕРИ Уильям Лучиано (7А), ГУЗЕН Эдриан Иоханнес (7А) (73) Патентообладатель: САСОЛЬ КЕМИКАЛ ИНДАСТРИЗ ЛИМИТЕД (7А) (74) Патентный поверенный: Томская Елена Владимировна (54) ...

Emulsifying composition for making emulsion explosives

FIELD: chemistry; explosives.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to emulsifying compositions used in production of emulsion industrial explosives (EIE). Emulsifying composition for making emulsion explosives, comprising a solid emulsifier - sorbitan polyisobutylene succinic anhydride - or a mixture thereof with a product of condensation of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride with alkanolamine and the stabilizer - ceresin - or its mixture with limiting hydrocarbons with a dropping point of more than 60 °C in certain ratio of components in wt. %.EFFECT: technical result is higher physical stability of industrial emulsion explosives and preservation of their characteristics during storage of up to 1 year or more.1 cl, 1 tbl РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 726 518 C1 (51) МПК C06B 23/00 (2006.01) B01F 17/36 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК C06B 23/00 (2020.02); B01F 17/0035 (2020.02) (21)(22) Заявка: 2019122573, 18.07.2019 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: Дата регистрации: 14.07.2020 (45) Опубликовано: 14.07.2020 Бюл. № 20 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 2381204 C2, 10.02.2010. AU 4674589 A, 21.06.1990. US 6939420 B2, 06.09.2005. WO 2014019011 A1, 06.02.2014. EP 0393887 A2, 24.10.1990. 2 7 2 6 5 1 8 R U (54) ЭМУЛЬГИРУЮЩИЙ СОСТАВ ДЛЯ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ ЭМУЛЬСИОННЫХ ВЗРЫВЧАТЫХ ВЕЩЕСТВ (57) Реферат: Изобретение относится к области церезин – или его смесь с предельными эмульгирующих составов, применяемых в угдеводородами с точкой каплепадения более производстве эмульсионных промышленных 60°С при определенном соотношении взрывчатых веществ (ПВВ). Эмульгирующий компонентов в мас.%. Техническим результатом состав для изготовления эмульсионных изобретение является повышение физической взрывчатых веществ, содержащий твердый стабильности промышленных эмульсионных эмульгатор – сорбитанполиизобутиленянтарный взрывчатых веществ и сохранение их ангидрид – или его смесь с ...