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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
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Применить Всего найдено 5013. Отображено 100.
05-01-2012 дата публикации

Process for producing alkylated aromatic compounds and process for producing phenols

Номер: US20120004471A1
Принадлежит: Mitsui Chemicals Inc

According to a process of the invention, a ketone, an aromatic compound and hydrogen as starting materials are reacted together in a single reaction step to produce an alkylaromatic compound in high yield. A process for producing phenols in the invention includes a step of performing the above alkylation process and does not increase the number of steps compared to the conventional cumene process. The process for producing alkylated aromatic compounds includes reacting an aromatic compound such as benzene, a ketone such as acetone and hydrogen in the presence of a solid acid substance, preferably a zeolite, and a silver-containing catalyst.

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05-01-2012 дата публикации

Catalyst for producing para-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon and method for producing para-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon using the same

Номер: US20120004487A1
Принадлежит: JX Nippon Oil and Energy Corp

This invention relates to a novel catalyst which enables an efficient production of a high-purity para-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon even without conducting isomerization step and/or adsorption separation step, and more particularly to a catalyst for producing a para-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon, which is formed by coating an MFI-type zeolite having an SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 ratio (molar ratio) of 20 to 5000 and a primary particle size of not more than 1 μm with a crystalline silicate and is characterized by having a pKa value as measured by a Hammett indicator of not less than −8.

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14-06-2012 дата публикации

Method and Apparatus for Obtaining Aromatics from Diverse Feedstock

Номер: US20120149958A1
Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc

The process relates to the use of any naphtha-range stream containing a portion of C8+ aromatics combined with benzene, toluene, and other non-aromatics in the same boiling range to produce toluene. By feeding the A8+ containing stream to a dealkylation/transalkylation/cracking reactor to increase the concentration of toluene in the stream, a more suitable feedstock for the methylation reaction can be produced. This stream can be obtained from a variety of sources, including the pygas stream from a steam cracker, “cat naphtha” from a fluid catalytic cracker, or the heavier portion of reformate.

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06-09-2012 дата публикации

Molecular Sieve Composition (EMM-10), Its Method of Making, and Use for Hydrocarbon Conversions

Номер: US20120226084A1
Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc

This invention relates to a process for hydrocarbon conversion comprising contacting a hydrocarbon feedstock with a crystalline molecular sieve, in its ammonium exchanged form or in its calcined form, under conversion conditions to form a conversion product, said crystalline molecular sieve comprising unit cells with MWW topology and is characterized by diffraction streaking from the unit cell arrangement in the c direction as evidenced by the arced hk0 patterns of electron diffraction pattern.

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22-11-2012 дата публикации

Process for toluene and methane coupling in a microreactor

Номер: US20120296133A1
Автор: James R. Butler
Принадлежит: Fina Technology Inc

A process for making ethylbenzene and/or styrene by reacting toluene with methane in one or more microreactors is disclosed. In one embodiment a method of revamping an existing styrene production facility by adding one or more microreactors capable of reacting toluene with methane to produce a product stream comprising ethylbenzene and/or styrene is disclosed.

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22-11-2012 дата публикации

Process for alkylation of toluene to form styrene and ethylbenzene

Номер: US20120296136A1
Автор: Sivadinarayana Chinta
Принадлежит: Fina Technology Inc

A process is disclosed for making styrene and/or ethylbenzene by reacting toluene with a C 1 source over a catalyst in at least one radial reactor to form a product stream comprising styrene and/or ethylbenzene.

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23-05-2013 дата публикации

Chain-selective synthesis of fuel components and chemical feedstocks

Номер: US20130130336A1
Автор: Edwin S. Olson

A method comprising providing a starting composition comprising a polyunsaturated fatty acid, a polyunsaturated fatty ester, a carboxylate salt of a polyunsaturated fatty acid, a polyunsaturated triglyceride, or a mixture thereof; self-metathesizing the starting composition or cross-metathesizing the starting composition with at least one short-chain olefin in the presence of a metathesis catalyst to form self-/cross-metathesis products comprising: cyclohexadiene; at least one olefin; and one or more acid-, ester-, or salt-functionalized alkene; and reacting cyclohexadiene to produce at least one cycloalkane or cycloalkane derivatives. A method for producing cycloalkanes for jet fuel by providing a starting composition comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of algal and polyunsaturated vegetable oils, subjecting the starting composition to metathesis to produce metathesis product comprising at least one olefin, cyclohexadiene, and at least one acid-, ester-, or salt-functionalized alkene, and reacting the at least one olefin and cyclohexadiene to form cycloalkane(s).

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30-05-2013 дата публикации

PROCESS TO MAKE PROPYLENE FROM ETHYLENE AND EITHER DIMETHYL ETHER, OR METHANOL AND DIMETHYL ETHER

Номер: US20130137914A1
Принадлежит: TOTAL RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY FELUY

The present invention is a process to make propylene comprising: 1. Process to make propylene comprising:a) providing a reaction zone containing a catalyst;b) introducing a feedstock comprising ethylene, dimethyl ether or a mixture of methanol and dimethyl ether comprising at least 1000 wppm of dimethyl ether, optionally steam into said reaction zone and into contact with said catalyst;c) operating said reaction zone at temperature and pressure conditions to produce an effluent comprising propylene, hydrocarbons, steam, optionally unconverted methanol and/or unconverted dimethyl ether and optionally unconverted ethylene;d) sending the effluent of step c) to a fractionation zone to recover propylene optionally methanol and for dimethyl ether and optionally ethylene;e) optionally recycling at least a part of methanol and/or dimethyl ether and optionally recycling at least a part of ethylene to the reaction zone at step b);wherein the catalyst is an acid and the temperature at the inlet of the reaction zone is under 280° C. and advantageously from 50 to 280° C.2. Process according to wherein the WHSV of the sum of (i) ethylene and of (ii) dimethyl ether or methanol and dimethyl ether is from 0.01 to 100 h-1.3. Process according to wherein MeOH is converted at least partially to DME rich feedstock in a separate dehydration zone and then sent to the reaction zone a).4. Process according to wherein the amount of ethylene being fed to the reaction zone a) is from 0.05 to 20 claim 1 , as determined by the mole ratio of ethylene to the sum of the number of moles of methanol and two times the number of moles of dimethyl ether.5. Process according to wherein the mole ratio of ethylene to the sum of the number of moles of methanol and two times the number of moles of dimethyl ether is at least 0.2.6. Process according to wherein the mole ratio of ethylene to the sum of the number of moles of methanol and two times the number of moles of dimethyl ether is at least 0.3.7. Process ...

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13-06-2013 дата публикации

PRODUCTION OF XYLENES BY METHYLATION OF AROMATIC COMPOUNDS

Номер: US20130150640A1
Принадлежит: GTC Technology US, LLC

The inventive method is directed to the production of xylenes by methylation of aromatic compounds with methanol. The process uses fixed bed reactors, operates at lower pressure, and without the need for hydrogen or other gas recycle. 1. A method for producing xylenes comprising the steps of:a. loading a zeolite catalyst into a fixed bed reactor system;b. feeding a feedstock to the fixed bed reactors, wherein the feedstock comprises at least one aromatic compound, methanol and water;c. reacting the feedstock in the presence of the zeolite catalyst to form an effluent, wherein the effluent comprises water, aromatic hydrocarbons, and light hydrocarbons;d. cooling the effluent;e. feeding the cooled effluent into a separator;f. separating a vapor phase stream, an aqueous stream, and hydrocarbon stream in the separator;g. distilling the hydrocarbon stream in a distillation section to form a product fraction and a fraction containing unreacted aromatic compounds;h. recycling a portion of the fraction containing unreacted aromatic compounds to the fixed bed reactor system; andi. diverting the vapor phase stream away from the fixed bed reactor system.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fixed bed reactor system comprises a single or a plurality of fixed reactors.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of reactors is arranged in series.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of reactors is arranged in parallel.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fixed bed reactor system is operated at a temperature of 420-600° C. and pressure of 10-100 psig.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fixed bed reactor system is operated at a temperature of 480-550° C. and pressure of 20-50 psig.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the WHSV is in the range of 2-12 hr.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the WHSV is in the range of 4-8 hr.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one aromatic compound is selected from the group consisting of benzene claim 1 , toluene and a ...

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27-06-2013 дата публикации

Fluid Bed Reactor with Staged Baffles

Номер: US20130165724A1
Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc

The invention relates to a process of alkylating aromatic hydrocarbons, and more particularly a process of making paraxylene by alkylation of benzene and/or toluene with methanol and/or dimethyl ether, and to an apparatus for carrying out said process, the improvement comprising staged injection of one of the reactants, with the stages separated by structured packing so as to minimize at least one of gas phase back-mixing, by-pass phenomena, and gas bubble size.

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04-07-2013 дата публикации

Supported nano sized zeolite catalyst for alkylation reactions

Номер: US20130172649A1
Принадлежит: Fina Technology Inc

A catalyst containing nanosize zeolite particles supported on a support material for alkylation reactions, such as the alkylation of benzene to form ethylbenzene, and processes using such a catalyst is disclosed.

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22-08-2013 дата публикации

Alkylation of Benzene and/or Toluene with Methanol

Номер: US20130217940A1
Принадлежит:

The present inventors have surprisingly discovered that paraxylene selectivity is found to increase as the amount of coke on catalyst increases. In embodiments the paraxylene selectivity and productivity is maximized by controlling the amount of coke on the catalyst while maintaining xylene yield at an acceptable value. The control of coke may be achieved by one or a combination of the following techniques: increasing catalyst on-oil time, decreasing catalyst residence time in the regenerator, reducing the air or oxygen supply to the regenerator, and decreasing catalyst circulation rate, or a combination thereof. 1. In a process for the alkylation of benzene and/or toluene with methanol in the presence of a catalyst suitable for said alkylation and characterized as a porous crystalline material having a Diffusion Parameter for 2 ,2 dimethylbutane of 0.1-15 secwhen measured at a temperature of 120° C. and a 2 ,2 dimethylbutane pressure of 60 torr (8 kPa) , in an apparatus comprising a fluidized bed reactor and a regenerator , including a cycling of said catalyst between said reactor , wherein coke is deposited on said catalyst by contacting said benzene and/or toluene with methanol in the presence of said catalyst under conversion conditions for a predetermined on-oil cycle time , and said regenerator , wherein coke is removed from said catalyst under regeneration conditions for a predetermined residence time , the improvement comprising carrying out said process so as to maintain coke deposits on said catalyst in the range of greater than 0.5 wt % to no more than 5.0 wt % , based on the weight of said catalyst , and maintaining said contacting under conditions , including on-oil cycle time , catalyst residence time in said regenerator , and catalyst recirculation rate , so as to maintain the coke deposits on said catalyst within said range.2. The process of claim 1 , including regenerating or rejuvenating said catalyst by treatment under oxidative conditions claim 1 ...

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29-08-2013 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR SEPARATING HYDROCARBON COMPOUNDS

Номер: US20130225884A1
Принадлежит: SILURIA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

Disclosed herein are processes for producing and separating ethane and ethylene. In some embodiments, an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) product gas comprising ethane and ethylene is introduced to a separation unit comprising two separators. Within the separation unit, the OCM product gas is separated to provide a C-rich effluent, a methane-rich effluent, and a nitrogen-rich effluent. Advantageously, in some embodiments the separation is achieved with little or no external refrigeration requirement. 1. A process for providing at least Chydrocarbon compounds via oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) , comprising:combining a feedstock gas including methane with an oxygen containing gas including oxygen;contacting the combined feedstock gas and oxygen containing gas with an OCM catalyst under process conditions sufficient to generate an OCM product gas that includes ethane, ethylene, oxygen and nitrogen; and{'sub': 2', '2, 'separating the OCM product gas into a C-rich effluent that includes at least one Ccompound and a gas mixture effluent that includes methane and nitrogen.'}2. The process of claim 1 , further comprising:{'sub': '2', 'compressing the OCM product gas prior to separating the OCM product gas into the C-rich effluent and the gas mixture.'}3. The process of wherein compressing the OCM product gas prior to separating the OCM product gas into the C-rich effluent and the gas mixture comprises:{'sub': '2', 'increasing the pressure of the OCM product gas to at least 200 pounds per square inch gauge (psig) prior to separating the OCM product gas into the C-rich effluent and the gas mixture.'}4. The process of claim 3 , further comprising:reducing water content of the OCM product gas to about 0.001 mole percent (mol %) or less prior to condensing at least a portion of the OCM product gas to provide an OCM product gas condensate.5. The process of claim 3 , further comprising:reducing carbon dioxide content of the OCM product gas to about 5 parts per million by ...

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05-09-2013 дата публикации

Process for the Oxidative Coupling of Hydrocarbons

Номер: US20130231513A1
Принадлежит: FINA TECHNOLOGY, INC.

A method for the oxidative coupling of hydrocarbons, such as the oxidative coupling of methane to toluene, includes providing an oxidative catalyst inside a reactor, and carrying out the oxidative coupling reaction under a set of reaction conditions. The oxidative catalyst includes (A) at least one element selected from the group consisting of the Lanthanoid group, Mg, Ca, and the elements of Group 4 of the periodic table (Ti, Zr, and Hf); (B) at least one element selected from the group consisting of the Group 1 elements of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, and the elements of Group 3 (including La and Ac) and Groups 5-15 of the periodic table; (C) at least one element selected from the group consisting of the Group 1 elements of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, and the elements Ca, Sr, and Ba; and (D) oxygen. 1. A method for the oxidative coupling of methane to a hydrocarbon other than methane comprising:providing a hydrocarbon feedstream comprising methane and hydrocarbons other than methane;providing an oxidative catalyst within a reactor, the catalyst comprising (A) at least one element selected from the group consisting of the Lanthanoid group, Mg, Ca, and the elements of Group 4 of the periodic table (Ti, Zr, and Hf); (B) at least one element selected from the group consisting of the Group 1 elements of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, and the elements of Group 3 (including La and Ac) and Groups 5-15 of the periodic table; (C) at least one element selected from the group consisting of the Group 1 elements of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, and the elements Ca, Sr, and Ba; and (D) oxygen; wherein if an element from Group 1 of the periodic table is used in (B), it cannot be used in (C);feeding the hydrocarbon feedstream and an oxygen source to the reactor;carrying out oxidative coupling of methane to a hydrocarbon other than methane over the oxidative catalyst according to a set of reaction conditions; andrecovering product hydrocarbons from the reactor.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one element ...

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05-09-2013 дата публикации

Silica composite, method for producing the same, and method for producing propylene using the silica composite

Номер: US20130231515A1
Принадлежит: Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp

The present invention provides a method for producing a silica composite by the steps of: preparing a raw material mixture containing silica and zeolite; drying the raw material mixture to obtain a dried product; and calcining the dried product, wherein the method comprising the step of allowing the raw material mixture to contain phosphoric acid and/or phosphate or bringing a solution of phosphoric acid and/or phosphate into contact with the zeolite and/or the dried product, or a combination thereof to thereby adjust a phosphorus content in the silica composite to 0.01 to 1.0% by mass based on the total mass of the silica composite.

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12-09-2013 дата публикации

Process for the Purification of Paraxylene

Номер: US20130237737A1
Принадлежит:

The proposed process uses crystallization technology to purify paraxylene simultaneously of large concentrations of C8 aromatics and also small concentrations of oxygenated species. 110.-. (canceled)11. A process comprising selective production of paraxylene by the alkylation of benzene and/or toluene including a step of oxygenate removal and then a step of removal of high concentrations of C8 aromatics by simulated counter-current adsorption.12. The process of claim 11 , wherein said alkylation comprises the contact of benzene and/or toluene with an alkylating agent in the presence of a catalyst comprising a porous crystalline material having a Diffusion Parameter for 2 claim 11 ,2 dimethylbutane of about 0.1-15 secwhen measured at a temperature of 120° C. and a 2 claim 11 ,2 dimethylbutane pressure of 60 torr (8 kPa) wherein said porous crystalline material has undergone prior treatment with steam at a temperature of at least 950° C. to adjust the Diffusion Parameter of said material to about 0.1-15 sec.13. The process of claim 12 , wherein said Diffusion Parameter of said porous crystalline material is about 0.5-10 sec.14. The process of claim 12 , wherein said porous crystalline material has undergone prior treatment with steam at a temperature of at least 1000° C. for between about 10 minutes and about 100 hours.15. The process of claim 14 , wherein said treatment with steam reduces the pore volume of the catalyst to not less than 50% of that of the pore volume of the catalyst before said treatment with steam.16. The process of claim 12 , wherein the catalyst contains at least one oxide modifier selected from the group consisting of oxides of elements of Groups IIA claim 12 , IIIA claim 12 , IIIB claim 12 , IVA claim 12 , IVB claim 12 , VA and VIA of the Periodic Table.17. The process of claim 12 , wherein the catalyst contains at least one oxide modifier selected from the group consisting of oxides of boron claim 12 , magnesium claim 12 , calcium claim 12 , ...

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19-09-2013 дата публикации

METHODS OF PRODUCING PARA-XYLENE AND TEREPHTHALIC ACID

Номер: US20130245316A1
Принадлежит: MICROMIDAS, INC.

The present disclosure provides methods to produce para-xylene, toluene, and other compounds from renewable sources (e.g., cellulose, hemicellulose, starch, sugar) and ethylene in the presence of a catalyst. For example, cellulose and/or hemicellulose may be converted into 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF), which may be converted into para-xylene by cycloaddition of ethylene to DMF. Para-xylene can then be oxidized to form terephthalic acid. 1. A method for producing para-xylene , comprising:a) providing 2,5-hexanedione;b) providing ethylene;c) providing a catalyst;d) combining the 2,5-hexanedione, the ethylene, and the catalyst to form a reaction mixture; ande) producing para-xylene from at least a portion of the 2,5-hexanedione in the reaction mixture.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising isolating para-xylene from the reaction mixture.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising providing a solvent system claim 1 , and combining the 2 claim 1 ,5-hexanedione claim 1 , the ethylene claim 1 , the catalyst claim 1 , and the solvent system to form the reaction mixture.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the solvent system comprises an aprotic solvent.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the solvent system comprises an ether solvent.6. The method of claim 3 , wherein the solvent system comprises a C1-C20 aliphatic solvent claim 3 , a C6-C20 aromatic solvent claim 3 , an alkyl phenyl solvent claim 3 , a C2-C20 ether claim 3 , a C2-C20 ester claim 3 , a C1-C20 alcohol claim 3 , a C2-C20 ketone claim 3 , or any combinations or mixtures thereof.7. The method of claim 3 , wherein the solvent system comprises dimethylacetamide claim 3 , acetonitrile claim 3 , sulfolane claim 3 , dioxane claim 3 , dioxane claim 3 , dimethyl ether claim 3 , diethyl ether claim 3 , glycol dimethyl ether (monoglyme) claim 3 , ethylene glycol diethyl ether (ethyl glyme) claim 3 , diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (diglyme) claim 3 , diethylene glycol diethyl ether (ethyl digylme) claim 3 , triethylene ...

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26-09-2013 дата публикации

Alkylation Process

Номер: US20130253245A1
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to the production of paraxylene by an alkylation process that also produces oxygenates. The process is controlled to utilize recycle to minimize said oxygenates. 1. A process for the production of paraxylene by alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons with methanol in the presence of at least one molecular sieve comprising:(a) providing a feed comprising an alkylating agent selected from methanol, dimethylether, and mixtures thereof, and an aromatic hydrocarbon selected from benzene, toluene, and mixtures thereof, to a reactor;(b) contacting in said reactor said alkylating agent and aromatic hydrocarbon in the presence of at least one molecular sieve and under conditions suitable for the production of paraxylene selectively;(c) obtaining a stream comprising (i) paraxylene, (ii) unreacted alkylating agent, (iii) unreacted aromatic hydrocarbon, (iv) water, and at least one oxygenate (other than water and said alkylating agent(s)) co-produced with paraxylene in step (a);(d) separating (i), (ii), (iii), and (iv) into plural streams, each containing said at least one oxygenate; and(e) recycling at least one of said plural streams comprising at least one of (ii), (iii), and (iv) to step (a) without a step of separation of said at least one oxygenate from said at least one plural streams.2. The process of claim 1 , including a step of determining the concentration of at least one of an oxygenate other than methanol and/or dimethylether produced in said reactor and/or determining the concentration of at least one of an oxygenate other than methanol and/or dimethylether provided to said reactor at a first preselected time and comparing at least one of said concentrations with a predetermined concentration or at least one of said concentrations determined at a second predetermined time claim 1 , different from said first predetermined time.3. The process of claim 1 , including a step of attenuating at least one process parameter so that the output of at least ...

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24-10-2013 дата публикации

PALLADIUM CATALYST, METHOD FOR ITS PREPARATION AND ITS USE

Номер: US20130281700A1
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to palladium(0)-tris{tri-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl]-phosphine} complex of formula (I), as well as to its preparation and use. 2. The composition of in a solid form.3. The composition of having a melting point of 220° C. as determined by DSC in inert atmosphere.4. The composition of claim 1 , having a decomposition point of 169.5° C. as determined by DSC in air under atmospheric pressure.5. A palladium(0) complex comprising three fluorinated phosphine compounds.6. The palladium(0) complex of exhibiting a stability characterized by no measurable decomposition on the basis of P claim 5 , F claim 5 , C and H NMR spectra following 4 months of storage in air at a temperature of 25° C.7. The palladium(0) complex of exhibiting a stability characterized by no measurable decomposition on the basis of P claim 5 , F claim 5 , C and H NMR spectra following 20 months of storage in air at room temperature.8. The palladium(0) complex of having a melting point in inert atmosphere of 220° C.9. The palladium(0) complex of exhibiting stability at any temperature below its melting point.10. The palladium(0) complex of exhibiting insolubility in water at industrially relevant temperatures and stability when stored in water.11. The palladium(0) complex of comprising a yellow solid.12. The palladium(0) complex of that dissolves at around 90° C. in aqueous alcohols.13. The palladium(0) complex of having catalytic activity in cross coupling reactions at a concentration of from 0.1 to 0.3 mole % of the substrate.14. A method for catalysing a C—C claim 5 , C-heteroatom claim 5 , or hydrogenation reaction comprising carrying out the C—C claim 5 , C-heteroatom or hydrogenation reaction in the presence of the palladium(0) complex of .15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the reaction is a C—C cross-coupling reaction.16. The method of claim 14 , wherein the C—C cross-coupling reaction is selected from the group consisting of: Suzuki coupling claim 14 , Heck coupling and ...

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24-10-2013 дата публикации

PHOSPHORUS MODIFIED ZEOLITE CATALYSTS

Номер: US20130281753A1
Принадлежит:

An unbound catalyst composition comprises a zeolite and phosphorus in an amount between about 0.01 wt % and about 3 wt % of the total catalyst composition. The catalyst composition, as calcined at ˜1000° F. (˜538° C.) for at least ˜3 hours, can exhibit (i) 2,2-dimethylbutane diffusivity >1.5×10secwhen measured at ˜120° C. and ˜60 torr (˜8 kPa), (ii) coke deactivation rate constant <˜0.15, and (iii) alpha value at least 10, and further exhibiting at least one of: (a) mesoporosity >0.2 ml/g; (b) microporous surface area at least 375 m/g; and (c) coke deactivation rate constant <0.05 after steaming in ˜100% steam for ˜96 hours at ˜1000° F. (˜538° C.). 2. The catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein the alpha value is at least 20.3. The catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein the alpha value is at least 50.4. The catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein the mesoporosity is greater than 0.3 ml/g.5. The catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein the microporous surface area is at least 380 m/g.6. The catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein the 2 claim 1 ,2-dimethylbutane diffusivity is at least 1.7×10sec claim 1 , when measured at a temperature of about 120° C. and a 2 claim 1 ,2-dimethylbutane pressure of about 60 torr (about 8 kPa).7. The catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein the 2 claim 1 ,2-dimethylbutane diffusivity is at least 2×10sec claim 1 , when measured at a temperature of about 120° C. and a 2 claim 1 ,2-dimethylbutane pressure of about 60 torr (about 8 kPa).8. The catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein the coke deactivation rate constant is less than or equal to 0.04 after steaming in approximately 100% steam for about 96 hours at about 1000° F. (about 538° C.).9. The catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition has at least two of said properties (a) to (c).10. The catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein said zeolite has a constraint index from about 1 to about 12.11. The catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein said zeolite ...

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07-11-2013 дата публикации

Hydrocarbon Conversion Process

Номер: US20130296620A1
Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc.

The invention relates to processes for converting a mixture of hydrocarbon and oxygenate into products containing acetylene and carbon monoxide. The invention also relates to utilizing at least a portion of the acetylene and carbon monoxide for producing xylenes such as p-xylene, utilizing at least a portion of xylenes for producing polymeric fibers, and to equipment useful for these processes. 1. A hydrocarbon conversion process , comprising:(a) providing a first mixture, the first mixture comprising ≧10.0 wt. % hydrocarbon and ≧1.0 wt. % oxygenate, the weight percents being based on the weight of the first mixture;(b) exposing the first mixture a temperature ≧700° C. in a first region under pyrolysis conditions to produce a second mixture, the second mixture comprising molecular hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and ≧1.0 wt. % of acetylene based on the weight of the second mixture, wherein the second mixture has a molecular hydrogen:carbon monoxide molar ratio ≧2.0 and a carbon monoxide:acetylene molar ratio ≧0.1;(c) converting at least a portion of the second mixture's acetylene to produce a first intermediate mixture comprising ≧10.0 wt. % aromatic hydrocarbon based on the weight of the intermediate mixture;(d) reacting at least a portion of the second mixture's carbon monoxide with at least a portion of the second mixture's molecular hydrogen to produce a second intermediate mixture comprising ≧10.0 wt. % alcohol based on the weight of the second intermediate mixture; and(e) reacting at least a portion of the first intermediate mixture's aromatics with at least a portion of the second intermediate mixture's alcohol to produce a product comprising water and ≧10.0 wt. % p-xylene based on the weight of the product.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first mixture comprises ≧25.0 wt. % of hydrocarbon and ≧10.0 wt. % of oxygenate claim 1 , the oxygenate having an Effectiveness Factor ≧0.05 claim 1 , and further comprises ≧5.0 wt. % molecular hydrogen claim 1 , the ...

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07-11-2013 дата публикации

Process for the Production of Xylenes and Light Olefins

Номер: US20130296621A1
Принадлежит:

In a hydrocarbon upgrading process, a hydrocarbon feed is treated in at least one of a steam cracker, catalytic cracker, coker, hydrocracker, and reformer under suitable conditions to produce a first stream comprising olefinic and aromatic hydrocarbons. A second stream composed mainly of Cto Colefinic and aromatic hydrocarbons is recovered from the first stream and at least part of the second stream is contacted with a catalyst in the absence of added hydrogen under reaction conditions including a temperature of about 450° C. to about 70° C. effective to dealkylate, transalkylate, crack and aromatize components of the second stream to produce a third stream having an increased benzene and/or toluene content compared with the second stream and a C− olefin by-product. The C− olefin by-product and a fourth stream comprising toluene are then recovered from the third stream. 1. A hydrocarbon upgrading process comprising:(a) treating a hydrocarbon feed in at least one of a steam cracker, catalytic cracker, coker, hydrocracker, and reformer under suitable conditions to produce a first stream comprising olefinic and aromatic hydrocarbons;{'sub': 4', '12, '(b) recovering from said first stream a second stream composed mainly of Cto Colefinic and aromatic hydrocarbons;'}{'sub': '3', '(c) contacting at least part of the second stream with a catalyst in the absence of added hydrogen under reaction conditions including a temperature of about 450° C. to about 700° C. effective to dealkylate, transalkylate, crack and aromatize components of said second stream to produce a third stream having an increased benzene and/or toluene content compared with said second stream and a C− olefin by-product;'}{'sub': '3', '(d) recovering C− olefins from said third stream; and'}(e) separating a fourth stream comprising toluene from said third stream.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first hydrocarbon stream is selected from natural gas liquids claim 1 , natural gas condensate claim 1 , ...

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07-11-2013 дата публикации

Process for the Production of Xylenes and Light Olefins

Номер: US20130296622A1
Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc

In a hydrocarbon upgrading process, a hydrocarbon feed is treated in at least one of a steam cracker, catalytic cracker, coker, hydrocracker, and reformer under suitable conditions to produce a first stream comprising olefinic and aromatic hydrocarbons. A second stream composed mainly of C 4 + olefinic and aromatic hydrocarbons is recovered from the first stream and is fed together with a methylating agent to a reaction zone containing a catalyst under reaction conditions including a temperature of about 450° C. to about 700° C., such that aromatics components in the second stream undergo dealkylation, transalkylation and/or methylation and aliphatic components undergo cracking and aromatization to produce a third stream having an increased xylene content compared with said second stream and a C 3 − olefin by-product. The C 3 − olefin by-product is recovered and para-xylene is removed from at least part of said third stream.

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07-11-2013 дата публикации

Process for the Production of Xylenes and Light Olefins

Номер: US20130296623A1
Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc

In a hydrocarbon upgrading process, a hydrocarbon feed is treated in at least one of a steam cracker, catalytic cracker, coker, hydrocracker, and reformer under suitable conditions to produce a first stream comprising olefinic and aromatic hydrocarbons. A second stream composed mainly of C 4 to C 12 + olefinic and aromatic hydrocarbons is recovered from the first stream and blended said second stream with a residual fraction from a steam cracker or an atmospheric or vacuum distillation unit to produce a third stream. The third stream is then catalytically pyrolyzed in a reactor under conditions effective to produce a fourth stream having an increased benzene and/or toluene content compared with said second stream and a C 3 -olefin by-product. The C 3 -olefin by-product is recovered and benzene and/or toluene are recovered from the fourth stream.

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21-11-2013 дата публикации

Hydrocarbon Conversion Process

Номер: US20130310601A1
Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc

The invention relates to processes for converting hydrocarbons to phthalic acids such as terephthalic acid. The invention also relates to polymerizing phthalic acid derivatives to produce, e.g., synthetic fibers.

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26-12-2013 дата публикации

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR LIQUID PHASE REACTIONS USING HIGH SHEAR

Номер: US20130345472A1
Принадлежит: H R D Corporation

A method of reacting one or more components in a liquid phase to form an organic product, the method including feeding a carbon-based gas to a high shear device; feeding a hydrogen-based liquid medium to the high shear device; using the high shear device to form a dispersion comprising the carbon-based gas and the hydrogen-based liquid medium, wherein the dispersion comprises gas bubbles with a mean diameter of less than about 5 μm; introducing the dispersion into a reactor; and reacting the dispersion to produce the organic product. 1. A method of reacting one or more components in a liquid phase to form an organic product , the method comprising:(a) feeding a carbon-based gas to a high shear device, the high shear device comprising a shear gap;(b) feeding a hydrogen-based liquid medium to the high shear device;(c) using the high shear device to form a dispersion comprising the carbon-based gas and the hydrogen-based liquid medium, wherein the dispersion comprises gas bubbles with a mean diameter of less than about 1 μm; and(d) reacting the dispersion to produce the organic product.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the high shear device produces a local pressure of at least about 1034.2 MPa (150 claim 1 ,000 psi) at the tip of a first rotor disposed therein.3. The method of wherein the organic product comprises alkanes claim 2 , olefins claim 2 , aromatics claim 2 , or combinations thereof.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carbon-based gas comprises carbon monoxide and the hydrogen-based liquid medium comprises methanol claim 1 , an ether claim 1 , or an oxide.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the organic product comprises acetic acid.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises feeding hydrogen to the high shear device claim 1 , the hydrogen-based liquid medium comprises acetic acid claim 1 , and the organic product comprises ethanol.7. The method of further comprising utilizing a catalyst to promote the formation of the organic product.8 ...

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09-01-2014 дата публикации

New palladium catalyst, method for its preparation and its use

Номер: US20140012004A1
Принадлежит: H4SEP KFT

The invention relates to palladium(0) tris{tri-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl]-phosphine} complex of formula (I), as well as to its preparation and use. This compound is outstandingly stable, and can be used as catalyst with excellent results.

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09-01-2014 дата публикации

NATURAL GAS PROCESSING AND SYSTEMS

Номер: US20140012053A1
Принадлежит: SILURIA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

Natural gas and petrochemical processing systems including oxidative coupling of methane reactor systems that integrate process inputs and outputs to cooperatively utilize different inputs and outputs of the various systems in the production of higher hydrocarbons from natural gas and other hydrocarbon feedstocks. 1. A natural gas processing system , comprising:(a) an OCM reactor system comprising at least a first reactor vessel having at least a first OCM catalyst disposed therein;(b) one or more of an extraction system for separating at least one hydrocarbon compound from at least one non-hydrocarbon compound, and a fractionation system for separating at least two different hydrocarbon compounds; and(c) an interconnected pipeline, the interconnected pipeline fluidly connecting one or more of an inlet or an outlet of the OCM reactor system to one or more of an inlet or an outlet of the one or more of the extraction system and the fractionation system.2. The processing system of claim 1 , wherein the extraction system comprises a methane rich effluent outlet claim 1 , and wherein the inlet of the OCM reactor system is fluidly coupled to the methane rich effluent outlet of the extraction system claim 1 , to convey methane rich effluent from the extraction system to the at least first reactor vessel.3. The processing system of claim 1 , wherein the fractionation system comprises one or more of a de-ethanizing unit claim 1 , a de-propanizing unit and a de-butanizing unit claim 1 , and the outlet of the OCM reactor system is fluidly coupled to an inlet of the fractionation system for transferring an OCM product to the fractionation system.4. The processing system of claim 3 , wherein the outlet of the OCM reactor system is fluidly coupled to an inlet of a de-ethanizer unit in the fractionation system for transferring an OCM product to the de-ethanizer unit.5. The processing system of claim 1 , wherein the outlet of the OCM reactor system is fluidly coupled to the inlet ...

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09-01-2014 дата публикации

Hydrocarbon Conversion Process

Номер: US20140012054A1
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to methods and equipment for converting C olefin to, e.g., one or more of di-C olefin, oligomers and polymers of C olefin, branched C-aldehydes, C-carboxylic acids, and C oxygenates. The invention encompasses producing methyl tert-butyl ether and diisobutylene, and converting methyl tert-butyl ether to isobutylene. 1. An olefin upgrading method comprising:{'sub': '3+', '(a) providing a first olefin mixture and a first process fluid, the first olefin mixture comprising ≧0.1 wt. % of C olefins based on the weight of the first olefin mixture, and the first process fluid comprising ≧10.0 wt. % alcohol based on the weight of the first process fluid;'}{'sub': 3+', '3+, '(b) reacting the first olefin mixture and the first process fluid to produce a first reaction mixture, the first reaction mixture comprising ether and di-C olefin and having a di-C olefin:ether molar ratio≧1.0;'}{'sub': 3+', '3+', '3+, "(c) separating from the first reaction mixture a second olefin mixture and a first product, wherein (A) the second olefin mixture comprises ≧0.1 wt. % of C olefins based on the weight of the second olefin mixture and (B) the first product (i) comprises at least a portion of the first reaction mixture's di-C olefin and at least a portion of the first reaction product's ether and (ii) has a di-C olefin:ether molar ratio≧1.0;"}{'sub': '3+', '(d) providing a third olefin mixture and a second process fluid, the third olefin mixture comprising ≧1.0 wt. % of C olefin based on the weight of the third olefin mixture, the third olefin mixture containing at least a portion of the second olefin mixture, and the second process fluid comprising ≧10.0 wt. % alcohol based on the weight of the second process fluid; and'}{'sub': '3+', '(e) reacting the third olefin mixture and the second process fluid to produce a second reaction mixture, the second reaction mixture comprising ether and having di-C olefin:ether molar ratio<1.0.'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein (i) ...

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16-01-2014 дата публикации

NATURAL GAS PROCESSING AND SYSTEMS

Номер: US20140018589A1
Принадлежит: SILURIA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

The present disclosure provides natural gas and petrochemical processing systems including oxidative coupling of methane reactor systems that integrate process inputs and outputs to cooperatively utilize different inputs and outputs of the various systems in the production of higher hydrocarbons from natural gas and other hydrocarbon feedstocks. 1. A method for the oxidative coupling of methane to generate hydrocarbon compounds containing at least two carbon atoms (C compounds) , the method comprising:{'sub': '2+', '(a) directing a feed stream comprising methane from a hydrocarbon process into an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reactor, wherein the OCM reactor is configured to generate C compounds from said methane, and wherein said hydrocarbon process is a non-OCM process;'}{'sub': '2+', '(b) performing one or more OCM reactions in the OCM reactor using said methane to produce a product stream comprising one or more C compounds; and'}{'sub': 2+', '2+, '(c) separating the product stream into at least a first stream and a second stream, wherein the first stream has a lower C concentration than said second stream, and wherein said second stream has a higher C concentration than said product stream.'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon process is an oil refinery claim 1 , a natural gas liquids process claim 1 , or a cracker.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of said first stream is directed into said OCM reactor.4. The method of claim 1 , a concentration of C compounds in said second stream is less than about 90%.5. The method of claim 4 , said concentration of C compounds in said second stream is less than about 80%.6. The method of claim 4 , said concentration of C compounds in said second stream is less than about 70%.7. The method of claim 4 , said concentration of C compounds in said second stream is less than about 60%.8. The method of claim 4 , wherein said first stream has a concentration of C compounds that is less than ...

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16-01-2014 дата публикации

PROCESS AND PLANT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF LOW-MOLECULAR OLEFINS

Номер: US20140018593A1
Принадлежит: LURGI GMBH

In the production of low-molecular olefins, in particular of ethylene and propylene, an educt stream (O) containing at least one oxygenate and an educt stream (C) containing at least one C olefin are simultaneously converted in at least one identical reactor on an identical catalyst to obtain a product mixture (P) comprising low-molecular olefins and gasoline hydrocarbons. The ratio (V) of oxygenates in the educt stream (O) to C olefins in the educt stream (C) here is 0.05 to 0.5 and is calculated according to the following formula: 2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein in a first separating means the product mixture (P) is separated into a mixture (H) rich in C olefins and a stream (B) containing C olefins claim 1 , that in a second separating means the stream (B) containing C olefins is separated into a stream (F) substantially containing Cfractions claim 1 , a stream (A) rich in C gasoline hydrocarbons claim 1 , and a recyling stream (R) and that the recycling stream (R) is at least partly recirculated to the at least one reactor claim 1 , wherein the molar ratio between the recycling stream (R) and the educt stream (C) containing C olefins lies between 0.1 and 1.5.3. The process according to claim 2 , wherein the second separating means is operated at a pressure of 4-15 bar claim 2 , and the recycling stream (R) is withdrawn as side draw claim 2 , and recirculated directly into a conduit opening into the reactor.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the educt stream (O) containing oxygenates is divided into several partial streams and each partial stream is passed onto one of at least two catalyst beds in the reactor.5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein as catalyst a form-selective zeolite material is used.6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the educt stream (O) containing oxygenates contains at least one alcohol.7. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the pressure at the inlet of the reactor lies between 1.5 and 10 bar.8 ...

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30-01-2014 дата публикации

Process for the production of aromatic hydrocarbons

Номер: US20140031598A1
Принадлежит: Individual

A process comprising feeding bromine into a first reactor; feeding low molecular weight alkanes into the first reactor; and withdrawing alkyl bromides from the first reactor wherein the bromine and low molecular weight alkanes are fed through an apparatus that rapidly mixes the bromine and low molecular weight alkanes. A process is disclosed further comprising reacting the alkyl bromides to form aromatic hydrocarbons.

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20-02-2014 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR METHANOL COUPLED CATALYTIC CRACKING REACTION OF NAPHTHA USING A MODIFIED ZSM-5 MOLECULAR SIEVE CATALYST

Номер: US20140051900A1

The present invention provides a process for methanol coupled catalytic cracking reaction of naphtha using a modified ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst, comprising performing a co-feeding reaction of methanol and naphtha on the modified ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst to produce low carbon olefins and/or aromatic hydrocarbons. In the process, the modified ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst comprises, in term of weight percent, 25-80 wt % of a ZSM-5 molecular sieve, 15-70 wt % of a binder, and 2.2-6.0 wt % of lanthanum and 1.0-2.8 wt % of phosphorus loaded on the ZSM-5 molecular sieve. The naphtha comprises 63.8-89.5 wt % of saturated chain alkanes and 5.6-29.8 wt % of cyclic alkanes. The naphtha and methanol concurrently pass through the catalyst bed, which are reacted during contacting with the catalyst under a reaction condition of a reaction temperature of 550-670° C., a mass ratio of methanol to naphtha of 0.05-0.8, and a total mass space velocity of naphtha and methanol of 1.0-5 h. 1. A process for methanol coupled catalytic cracking reaction of naphtha using a modified ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst , comprising performing a co-feeding reaction of methanol and naphtha on the modified ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst to produce low carbon olefins and/or aromatic hydrocarbons , wherein the modified ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst comprises , in term of weight percent , 25-80 wt % of a ZSM-5 molecular sieve , 15-70 wt % of a binder , and 2.2-6.0 wt % of lanthanum and 1.0-2.8 wt % of phosphorus loaded on the ZSM-5 molecular sieve.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the naphtha comprises 63.8-89.5 wt % of saturated chain alkanes and 5.6-29.8 wt % of cyclic alkanes.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the naphtha and the methanol are concurrently passed through a catalyst bed at a reaction temperature of 550-670° C.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the mass ratio of the methanol to the naphtha is 0.05-0.8.5. The process according to claim 1 , ...

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27-02-2014 дата публикации

New Cyclopentadienyl, Indenyl or Fluorenyl Substituted Phosphine Compounds and Their Use in Catalytic Reactions

Номер: US20140058101A1
Принадлежит: EVONIK DEGUSSA GmbH

The invention is directed to a phosphine compound represented by general formula (1) wherein R′ and R″ independently are selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl and 2-furyl radicals, or R′ and R″ are joined together to form with the phosphorous atom a carbon-phosphorous monocycle comprising at least 3 carbon atoms or a carbon-phosphorous bicycle; the alkyl radicals, cycloalkyl radicals, and carbon-phosphorous monocycle being unsubstituted or substituted by at least one radical selected from the group of alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkoxy, and aryloxy radicals; Cpis a partially substituted or completely substituted cyclopentadien-1-yl group, including substitutions resulting in a fused ring system, and wherein a substitution at the 1-position of the cyclopentadien-1-yl group is mandatory when the cyclopentadien-1-yl group is not part of a fused ring system or is part of an indenyl group. Also claimed is the use of these phosphines as ligands in catalytic reactions and the preparation of these phosphines. 160-. (canceled)62. The method according to claim 61 , wherein the phosphine compound or the phosphonium salt is used in combination with the transition metal as a coordination compound.63. The method according to claim 61 , wherein the preparation of the organic compound includes the formation of a C—C bond or C-heteroatom bond.64. The method according to claim 61 , wherein the transition metal is Pd and the preparation of the organic compound includes the formation of a C—C bond and a reaction selected from the group consisting of:Suzuki cross-coupling of organoboron compounds with aryl, heteroaryl or vinyl halides or pseudohalides;Stille cross-coupling of organotin compounds with carbon electrophiles comprising a halogen or pseudohalogen as leaving group;Hiyama cross-coupling of organosilanes with aryl, heteroaryl or vinyl halides or pseudohalides;Negishi cross-coupling of organozinc compounds with aryl, heteroaryl or vinyl halides or pseudohalides;Kumada cross-coupling of ...

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27-02-2014 дата публикации

Production of aromatics from a methane conversion process

Номер: US20140058144A1
Принадлежит: UOP LLC

Methods and systems are provided for converting methane in a feed stream to acetylene. The hydrocarbon stream is introduced into a supersonic reactor and pyrolyzed to convert at least a portion of the methane to acetylene. The reactor effluent stream may be treated to convert acetylene to a process stream having aromatic compounds. The acetylene stream can be reacted to generate larger hydrocarbon compounds, which are passed to a cyclization and aromatization reactor to generate aromatics. The method according to certain aspects includes controlling the level of carbon oxides in the hydrocarbon stream.

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27-02-2014 дата публикации

Methane conversion apparatus and process using a supersonic flow reactor

Номер: US20140058160A1
Принадлежит: UOP LLC

Apparatus and methods are provided for converting methane in a feed stream to acetylene. A hydrocarbon stream is introduced into a supersonic reactor and pyrolyzed to convert at least a portion of the methane to acetylene. The reactor effluent stream may be treated to convert acetylene to another hydrocarbon process.

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27-02-2014 дата публикации

Methane conversion apparatus and process using a supersonic flow reactor

Номер: US20140058170A1
Принадлежит: UOP LLC

Apparatus and methods are provided for converting methane in a feed stream to acetylene. A hydrocarbon stream is introduced into a supersonic reactor and pyrolyzed to convert at least a portion of the methane to acetylene. The reactor effluent stream may be treated to convert acetylene to another hydrocarbon process.

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06-03-2014 дата публикации

Process for the Oxidative Coupling of Hydrocarbons

Номер: US20140066677A1
Принадлежит: FINA TECHNOLOGY, INC.

A method for the oxidative coupling of hydrocarbons, such as the oxidative coupling of methane to toluene, includes providing an oxidative catalyst inside a reactor, and carrying out the oxidative coupling reaction under a set of reaction conditions. The oxidative catalyst includes (A) at least one element selected from the group consisting of the Lanthanoid group, Mg, Ca, and the elements of Group 4 of the periodic table (Ti, Zr, and Hf); (B) at least one element selected from the group consisting of the Group 1 elements of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, and the elements of Group 3 (including La and Ac) and Groups 5-15 of the periodic table; (C) at least one element selected from the group consisting of the Group 1 elements of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, and the elements Ca, Sr, and Ba; and (D) oxygen. 120-. (canceled)21. A method for the oxidative coupling of methane and to a hydrocarbon other than methane comprising:providing a hydrocarbon feedstream comprising methane and a hydrocarbon other than methane; (A) at least one element selected from the group consisting of the Lanthanoid group, Mg, Ca, the element from (A) comprising from 40 to 90 wt % of the catalyst;', '(B) at least one element selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Sc, Y, La, Ac, and an element of Groups 6-15 of the periodic table, wherein the elements from (B) comprise from 0.01 to 40 wt % of the catalyst;', '(C) at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ca, Sr, and Ba, wherein the elements from (C) comprise from 0.01 to 40 wt % of the catalyst; and', '(D) oxygen, wherein oxygen comprises from 10 to 45 wt % of the catalyst;, 'providing an oxidative catalyst within a reactor, the catalyst comprisesfeeding the hydrocarbon feedstream and an oxygen source to the reactor;carrying out oxidative coupling of the methane to the hydrocarbon other than methane over the oxidative catalyst according to an oxidative coupling condition; andrecovering product hydrocarbons comprising ethylbenzene and ...

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10-04-2014 дата публикации

Recovery of Olefins from Para-Xylene Process

Номер: US20140100402A1
Принадлежит:

A process for producing para-xylene, by (a) contacting toluene with methanol in the presence of an alkylation catalyst under conditions effective to produce an alkylation effluent comprising xylenes and a by-product mixture comprising water, dimethyl ether and C− hydrocarbons; (b) separating the alkylation effluent into a first fraction containing xylenes and a second fraction containing the by-product mixture; (c) removing water from the second fraction to produce a dried by-product mixture; (d) fractionating the dried by-product mixture to separate the mixture into a bottoms stream containing dimethyl ether and an overhead stream containing at least some of the C- hydrocarbons; and (e) recovering ethylene and propylene from the overhead stream. 1. A process for producing para-xylene , the process comprising:{'sub': '4', '(a) contacting toluene and/or benzene with methanol in the presence of an alkylation catalyst under conditions effective to produce an alkylation effluent comprising xylenes and a by-product mixture comprising water, dimethyl ether and C− hydrocarbons;'}(b) separating the alkylation effluent into a first fraction containing xylenes and a second fraction containing the by-product mixture;(c) removing water from the second fraction to produce a dried by-product mixture;{'sub': '4', '(d) fractionating the dried by-product mixture to separate the mixture into a bottoms stream containing dimethyl ether and an overhead stream containing at least some of the C− hydrocarbons; and'}(e) recovering ethylene and propylene from the overhead stream.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein water is removed from said second fraction by passing the second fraction through a molecular sieve drier.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein water is removed from said second fraction by washing the second fraction with methanol.4. The process of claim 3 , further comprising passing the methanol through a molecular sieve drier prior to washing the second fraction with the methanol ...

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05-01-2017 дата публикации

METHOD OF ALKYLATING OR ACYLATING AN ARENE

Номер: US20170001936A1
Автор: Faust Rudolf
Принадлежит:

A method of alkylating or acylating an arene includes reacting the arene with an organic halide in the presence of an aprotic solvent and a catalyst of formula (I) 1. A method of alkylating or acylating an arene , the method comprising: {'br': None, 'sup': 1', '2', '3, 'sub': m', 'n, 'MRX.Z(R)(R)\u2003\u2003(I)'}, 'reacting an arene with an organic halide selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted or substituted tertiary alkyl halides, unsubstituted or substituted allyl halides, unsubstituted or substituted benzyl halides, and unsubstituted or substituted acyl halides in the presence of a catalyst and an aprotic solvent; wherein the catalyst is of formula (I)'}whereinM is Al, Ga, or Fe;{'sup': '1', 'sub': 1', '12, 'Ris C-Calkyl;'}m is 0 or 1;{'sup': 2', '3, 'sub': 2', '12, 'Rand Rare each independently unsubstituted or substituted C-Calkyl;'}each occurrence of X is independently a halogen;n is 2 or 3;the sum of m and n is 3; andZ is S or O;{'sup': 2', '3, 'provided that when M is Al, then m is 1, n is 2, and Rand Rare each independently substituted with at least one electron-withdrawing group; and'}provided that when M is Ga or Fe, then m is 0 and n is 3.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the arene is an unsubstituted or substituted C-Carene.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the arene is an unsubstituted or substituted benzene.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the arene is a monosubstituted benzene.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the organic halide is selected from the group consisting of C-Ctertiary alkyl chlorides claim 1 , allyl chloride claim 1 , benzyl chloride claim 1 , and C-Cacyl chlorides.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the organic halide is t-butyl chloride or acetyl chloride.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aprotic solvent is an aliphatic aprotic solvent.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aprotic solvent is a C-Calkane.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein M is Al claim 1 , Ris ethyl claim 1 , and each occurrence of X is chloro.10. ...

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02-01-2020 дата публикации

Processes and apparatuses for toluene and benzene methylation in an aromatics complex

Номер: US20200002245A1
Принадлежит: UOP LLC

This present disclosure relates to processes and apparatuses for toluene and benzene methylation in an aromatics complex for producing paraxylene. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to processes and apparatuses for toluene and benzene methylation within an aromatics complex for producing paraxylene wherein an embodiment uses a reactor having a refractory comprising a low iron content refractory.

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12-01-2017 дата публикации

CATALYST AND METHOD FOR AROMATIZATION OF C3-C4 GASES, LIGHT HYDROCARBON FRACTIONS AND ALIPHATIC ALCOHOLS, AS WELL AS MIXTURES THEREOF

Номер: US20170007992A1
Принадлежит: NGT GLOBAL AG

The invention relates to hydrocarbon feedstock processing technology, in particular, to catalysts and technology for aromatization of C-Chydrocarbon gases, light low-octane hydrocarbon fractions and oxygen-containing compounds (C-Caliphatic alcohols), as well as mixtures thereof resulting in producing an aromatic hydrocarbon concentrate (AHCC). The catalyst comprises a mechanical mixture of 2 zeolites, one of which is characterized by the silica/alumina ratio SiO/AlO=20, pre-treated with an aqueous alkali solution and modified with oxides of rare-earth elements used in the amount from 0.5 to 2.0 wt % based on the weight of the first zeolite. The second zeolite is characterized by the silica/alumina ratio SiO/AlO═82, comprises sodium oxide residual amounts of 0.04 wt % based on the weight of the second zeolite, and is modified with magnesium oxide in the amount from 0.5 to 5.0 wt % based on the weight of the second zeolite. Furthermore, the zeolites are used in the weight ratio from 1.7:1 to 2.8:1, wherein a binder comprises at least silicon oxide and is used in the amount from 20 to 25 wt % based on the weight of the catalyst. The process is carried out using the proposed catalyst in an isothermal reactor without recirculation of gases from a separation stage, by contacting a fixed catalyst bed with a gaseous feedstock, which was evaporated and heated in a preheater. The technical result consists in achieving a higher aromatic hydrocarbon yield while ensuring almost complete conversion of the HC feedstock and oxygenates, an increased selectivity with respect to forming xylols as part of an AHCC, while simultaneously simplifying the technological setup of the process by virtue of using a reduced (inter alia, atmospheric) pressure. 14-. (canceled)5. A catalyst for the aromatization of mixtures of hydrocarbons and aliphatic alcohols , the catalyst comprising: a mixture of a first pentasil zeolite and a second pentasil zeolite; the first pentasil zeolite comprising a ...

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09-01-2020 дата публикации

CATALYST FOR OXIDATIVE COUPLING OF METHANE, PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF AND APPLICATION THEREOF

Номер: US20200009534A1
Принадлежит:

A catalyst for oxidative coupling of methane, and preparation and application thereof. The catalyst comprises: a manganese sesquioxide, a tungstate, a manganese composite oxide having a perovskite structure and/or a spinel structure, and a carrier. The manganese sesquioxide, tungstate, and manganese composite oxide having a perovskite structure and/or a spinel structure are supported on the carrier, or the manganese sesquioxide and tungstate are supported on the admixture of the said manganese composite oxide having a perovskite structure and/or a spinel structure and the said carrier. Based on 100 parts by weight of the catalyst, the content of the manganese sesquioxide is a parts by weight, the content of the tungstate is b parts by weight, the content of the manganese composite oxide having the perovskite structure and/or the spinel structure is c parts by weight. e content of the carrier is d parts by weight. 0 Подробнее

10-01-2019 дата публикации

CATALYSTS FOR PETROCHEMICAL CATALYSIS

Номер: US20190010096A1
Принадлежит:

Metal oxide catalysts comprising various dopants are provided. The catalysts are useful as heterogeneous catalysts in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane to C2 hydrocarbons such as ethane and ethylene. Related methods for use and manufacture of the same are also disclosed. 185-. (canceled)86. A method for the oxidative coupling of methane , the method comprising contacting methane with a catalyst at temperatures ranging from about 550° C. to about 750° C. , wherein the method comprises a methane conversion of greater than 20% and a C2 selectivity of greater than 50% , and wherein the catalyst comprises the following formula:{'br': None, 'sub': x', 'y', 'z, 'ABO;'} A is an element from the lanthanides or group 2, 3, 4, 6 or 13;', 'B is an element from groups 4, 12 or 13 of the periodic table or Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb or Ho;', 'O is an oxygen anion; and', 'x, y and z are each independently numbers greater than 0,, 'whereinthe catalyst further comprising one or more dopants from any one of groups 2, 3 or the lanthanides, and provided that A and B are not the same.87. The method of claim 86 , wherein A is Ba claim 86 , Zr claim 86 , Sr claim 86 , Sm claim 86 , Hf claim 86 , Gd claim 86 , Er claim 86 , Y claim 86 , Ca claim 86 , La claim 86 , Mg claim 86 , W claim 86 , B claim 86 , Tb or Ce.88. The method of claim 86 , wherein B is Zn claim 86 , Hf claim 86 , Zr claim 86 , Al claim 86 , Ti claim 86 , Pr claim 86 , Nd claim 86 , Ce claim 86 , Sm claim 86 , Eu claim 86 , Gd claim 86 , Tb or Ho.89. The method of claim 86 , wherein A is from group 2 claim 86 , and B is from group 4.90. The method of claim 86 , wherein A is Ba claim 86 , Sr or Ca.91. The method of claim 86 , wherein B is Ti claim 86 , Zr or Hf.92. The method of claim 86 , wherein the catalyst has the formula ABO.93. The method of claim 86 , wherein the catalyst comprises one or more dopant from group 2.94. The method of claim 86 , wherein the catalyst comprises ...

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19-01-2017 дата публикации

Silver Promoted Catalysts for Oxidative Coupling of Methane

Номер: US20170014807A1
Принадлежит:

An oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) catalyst composition comprising one or more oxides doped with Ag; wherein one or more oxides comprises a single metal oxide, mixtures of single metal oxides, a mixed metal oxide, mixtures of mixed metal oxides, or combinations thereof; and wherein one or more oxides is not LaOalone. A method of making an OCM catalyst composition comprising calcining one or more oxides and/or oxide precursors to form one or more calcined oxides, wherein the one or more oxides comprises a single metal oxide, mixtures of single metal oxides, a mixed metal oxide, mixtures of mixed metal oxides, or combinations thereof, wherein the one or more oxides is not LaOalone, and wherein the oxide precursors comprise oxides, nitrates, carbonates, hydroxides, or combinations thereof; doping the one or more calcined oxides with Ag to form the OCM catalyst composition; and thermally treating the OCM catalyst composition. 1. An oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) catalyst composition doped with silver (Ag).2. The OCM catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein the OCM catalyst composition comprises one or more oxides doped with silver (Ag); wherein the one or more oxides comprises a single metal oxide claim 1 , mixtures of single metal oxides claim 1 , a mixed metal oxide claim 1 , mixtures of mixed metal oxides claim 1 , or combinations thereof; and wherein the one or more oxides is not LaOalone.3. The OCM catalyst composition of claim 2 , wherein the single metal oxide comprises one metal cation selected from the group consisting of alkali metal cations claim 2 , alkaline earth metal cations claim 2 , rare earth element cations claim 2 , and cations of elements that can form oxides with redox properties.4. The OCM catalyst composition of claim 2 , wherein the mixed metal oxide comprises two or more different metal cations claim 2 , wherein each metal cation can be independently selected from the group consisting of alkali metal cations claim 2 , alkaline earth ...

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18-01-2018 дата публикации

USE OF METAL-ACCUMULATING PLANTS FOR THE PREPARATION OF CATALYSTS THAT CAN BE USED IN CHEMICAL REACTIONS

Номер: US20180015317A1
Принадлежит:

A method of implementing organic synthesis reactions uses a composition containing a metal catalyst originating from a calcined plant. The plants can be from the Brassicaceae, Sapotaceae and Convolvulaceae family, and the metal catalyst contains metal in the M(II) form such as zinc, nickel, manganese, lead, cadmium, calcium, magnesium or copper. Examples of the organic synthesis reactions include halogenations, electrophilic reactions, cycloadditions, transesterification reactions and coupling reactions, among others. 1. A method for the implementation of an organic synthesis reaction , comprising: [{'sup': 2+', '2+', '3+', '+', '+, 'wherein said at least one metal in the M(II) form is selected from the group consisting of zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), and manganese (Mn), said metal in the M(II) form having been accumulated by the plant during its growth in a soil containing said metal and at least one cationic species selected from the group consisting of MgCa, Fe, Na and K which have not been accumulated by said plant but are physiologically present in said plant and originate from the latter; and'}, 'bringing the composition into contact with at least one chemical compound capable of reacting with said composition., 'providing a composition comprising at least one metal catalyst containing a metal in the M(II) form, said metal originating from a calcined plant or calcined plant part, said composition having been acid treated,'}2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the organic synthesis reaction is selected from halogenations claim 1 , electrophilic aromatic reactions in series claim 1 , synthesis of 3 claim 1 ,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one or 3 claim 1 ,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-thione claim 1 , cycloaddition reactions claim 1 , transesterification reactions claim 1 , catalyst synthesis reactions for coupling or hydrogenation reactions after reduction of Ni(II) to Ni(0) claim 1 , synthesis of amino acid or oxime developers claim 1 , and hydrolysis of sulphur- ...

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19-01-2017 дата публикации

METHANE CONVERSION APPARATUS AND PROCESS USING A SUPERSONIC FLOW REACTOR

Номер: US20170015606A1
Принадлежит:

Apparatus and methods are provided for converting methane in a feed stream to acetylene. A hydrocarbon stream is introduced into a supersonic reactor and pyrolyzed to convert at least a portion of the methane to acetylene. The reactor effluent stream may be treated to convert acetylene to another hydrocarbon process. 1. A method for producing acetylene comprising:introducing a fuel stream into a combustion zone of a supersonic reactor;combusting the fuel stream to provide a high temperature carrier stream traveling at a supersonic speed;introducing a feed stream portion of a hydrocarbon stream comprising methane into the supersonic reactor;mixing the feed stream portion with the carrier stream to form a reactor stream;expanding the reactor stream to reduce the speed and increase the temperature of the reactor stream to a pyrolysis temperature to pyrolyze the stream;maintaining pressure inside the reactor shell by providing an outer shell of at least a portion of the reactor shell; andrestricting deterioration of the reactor shell due to operating conditions by providing an inner shell having a thermal conductivity of between about 200 and about 500 W/m-K inside at least a portion of the outer shell.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inner shell comprises a casting.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inner shell comprises at least one of copper and a copper alloy.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inner shell comprises a material selected from the group consisting of copper chrome claim 1 , copper chrome zinc claim 1 , copper chrome niobium claim 1 , copper nickel and copper nickel tungsten.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inner shell is spaced from the outer shell; and pressurizing a pressure zone between the inner shell and the outer shell to maintain the pressure in the pressure zone at a pressure about the same as a reactor chamber pressure.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inner shell is spaced from the outer shell; and passing a coolant ...

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18-01-2018 дата публикации

Treatment of Aromatic Alkylation Feedstock

Номер: US20180016207A1
Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc

In a process and system for treatment of feed stocks comprising alkylating agent and metal salts, the metal salts are removed from the feedstock by an efficient combination of separations processes. The processes may take place in one or more stages, each stage taking place in one or more vessels. Such treatment processes may remove 99.9% or more of metal salts from a feedstock, while recovering 99.9% or more of the alkylating agent from the feedstock for use in an alkylation reaction, especially of aromatics such as toluene and benzene. Preferred alkylating agents include methanol and mixtures of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, for methylation of toluene and/or benzene. The methylation proceeds over an aluminosilicate catalyst and preferably yields para-xylene with 75% or greater selectivity.

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16-01-2020 дата публикации

CATALYSTS FOR NATURAL GAS PROCESSES

Номер: US20200016580A1
Принадлежит:

Catalysts, catalytic forms and formulations, and catalytic methods are provided. The catalysts and catalytic forms and formulations are useful in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane. Related methods for use and manufacture of the same are also disclosed. 138-. (canceled)39. A catalytic material comprising:(a) an OCM active catalyst; and {'br': None, 'sub': a', 'b', 'x', 'y, 'Ln1Ln2O(OH)'}, '(b) a second catalyst comprising the following formulawherein:Ln1 and Ln2 are each independently different lanthanide elements;O is oxygen;OH is hydroxy;a is a number greater than 0; andb, x and y are each independently numbers of 0 or greater, provided that at least one of x or y is greater than 0, andwherein the catalytic material comprises a methane conversion of greater than 20% and a C2 selectivity of greater than 50% when the catalytic material is employed as a heterogeneous catalyst in the oxidative coupling of methane at a temperatures ranging from about 550° C. to about 750° C.40. The catalytic material of claim 39 , wherein b and x are each independently numbers greater than 0 claim 39 , and y is 0.41. The catalytic material of claim 39 , wherein the OCM active catalyst is a bulk catalyst and the second catalyst is a nanostructured catalyst.42. The catalytic material of claim 39 , wherein the OCM active catalyst is a nanostructured catalyst.43. The catalytic material of claim 42 , wherein the OCM active catalyst is a nanowire catalyst.44. The catalytic material of claim 39 , wherein the second catalyst comprises a nanostructured catalyst comprising a lanthanum/neodymium oxide claim 39 , a lanthanum/cerium oxide claim 39 , a neodymium/cerium oxide claim 39 , a lanthanum/samarium oxide claim 39 , a neodymium/samarium oxide claim 39 , a europium/neodymium oxide claim 39 , a lanthanum/erbium oxide claim 39 , a neodymium/erbium oxide claim 39 , or a europium/lanthanum oxide.45. The catalytic material of claim 39 , wherein the ...

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16-01-2020 дата публикации

CATALYSTS AND METHODS FOR NATURAL GAS PROCESSES

Номер: US20200017423A1
Принадлежит:

Catalysts and catalytic methods are provided. The catalysts and methods are useful in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane. 1. A catalyst comprising the following formula (IA):{'br': None, 'sub': x', 'y', 'v', 'w', 'z, 'ABCDO\u2003\u2003 (IA)'}wherein:A is a lanthanide or group 4 element;B is a group 2 element;C is a group 13 element;D is a lanthanide element;O is oxygen;v and w are independently numbers greater than 0;{'sub': x', 'y', 'v', 'w', 'z, 'x, y and z are independently numbers greater than 0, and v, w, x, y and z are selected such that ABCDOhas an overall charge of 0.'}2. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein A is a lanthanide.3. The catalyst of claim 2 , wherein A is lanthanum claim 2 , cerium claim 2 , praseodymium or neodymium.4. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein A is a Group 4 element.5. The catalyst of claim 4 , wherein A is titanium claim 4 , zirconium or hafnium.6. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein B is magnesium claim 1 , calcium claim 1 , strontium or barium.7. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein A is lanthanum and B is strontium claim 1 , A is cerium and B is barium claim 1 , A is praseodymium and B is barium claim 1 , A is cerium and B is strontium claim 1 , A is titanium and B is barium claim 1 , A is titanium and B is strontium or A is titanium and B is calcium.8. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein C is aluminum claim 1 , gallium claim 1 , indium or thallium.9. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein D is lanthanum claim 1 , neodymium claim 1 , gadolinium or ytterbium.10. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein:A is titanium, zirconium or cerium;B is calcium, strontium or barium;C is aluminum, gallium or indium; andD is lanthanum, neodymium; gadolinium or ytterbium.11. The catalyst of claim 1 , comprising one of the following formulas: CeBaInNdO; TiCaInLaO; TiCaInNdO; TiCaInGdO; TiCaInYbO; ZrCaInLaO; ZrCaInNdO; ZrCaInGdO; ZrCaInYbO; CeCaInLaO; ZrCaInNdO; ZrCaInGdO; ZrCaInYbO; TiSrInLaO; TiSrInNdO; TiSrInGdO; TiSrInYbO; ...

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16-01-2020 дата публикации

MIXED OXIDE CATALYST FOR THE OXIDATIVE COUPLING OF METHANE

Номер: US20200017424A1
Принадлежит: SABIC Global Technologies, B.V.

A mixed oxide catalyst for the oxidative coupling of methane can include a catalyst with the formula ABCDO, wherein: element A is selected from alkaline earth metals; elements B and C are selected from rare earth metals, and wherein elements B and C are different rare earth metals; the oxide of at least one of A, B, C, and D has basic properties; the oxide of at least one of A, B, C, and D has redox properties; and elements A, B, C, and D are selected to create a synergistic effect whereby the catalytic material provides a methane conversion of greater than or equal to 15% and a C selectivity of greater than or equal to 70%. Systems and methods can include contacting the catalyst with methane and oxygen and purifying or collecting C products. 1. A catalytic material for oxidative coupling of methane comprising:{'sub': a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'x, 'claim-text': element A is selected from alkaline earth metals;', 'elements B and C are selected from rare earth metals, and wherein elements B and C are different rare earth metals;', 'the oxide of at least one of A, B, C, and D has basic properties;', 'the oxide of at least one of A, B, C, and D has redox properties; and', {'sub': '2', 'sup': '−', 'elements A, B, C, and D are selected to create a synergistic effect whereby the catalytic material provides a methane conversion of greater than or equal to 15% and a C selectivity of greater than or equal to 70%.'}], 'a catalyst with the formula ABCDO, wherein2. The catalytic material according to claim 1 , wherein: =1.0; claim 1 , claim 1 , and are each in the range from about 0.01 to about 10; and is a number selected to balance the oxidation state of D.3. The catalytic material according to claim 1 , wherein element A is selected from the group consisting of magnesium claim 1 , calcium claim 1 , strontium claim 1 , and barium.4. The catalytic material according to claim 1 , wherein elements B and C are selected from the group consisting of cerium claim 1 , ytterbium claim 1 , ...

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16-01-2020 дата публикации

Use of Light Gas By-Products in the Production of Paraxylene by the Methylation of Toluene and or Benzene

Номер: US20200017425A1
Принадлежит:

A process for producing paraxylene by the catalytic alkylation of benzene and/or toluene with methanol, which produces a para-rich mixture of xylene isomers, together with water and some light organic by-products, particularly dimethyl ether and C− olefins. The off-gas stream, containing the C olefins, may be recycled back to the reaction to be co-injected with methanol to reduce the methanol self-decomposition and the reaction of methanol to olefins or to fluidize catalyst particles recovered by a reactor cyclone. By using recycled off-gas rather than water or steam, the deleterious effects of water and/or steam on the catalyst aging and activity rates and the size of downstream equipment necessary to recover olefin by-products may be reduced. 1. A process for the alkylation of toluene and/or benzene to produce paraxylene (PX) comprising contact of said toluene and/or benzene with an alkylating agent selected from methanol , dimethyl ether , and mixtures thereof , in the presence of an alkylation catalyst in a fluidized bed alkylation reactor under conditions effective to produce an alkylation effluent comprising PX and olefins , wherein the alkylation effluent is separated into a stream comprising PX and a light gas stream comprising olefins , the improvement comprising recycling at least a portion of the light gas stream , including olefins , to the alkylation reactor for injection with alkylating agent , fluidizing particles of the alkylation catalyst recovered from the alkylation effluent , or both.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the light gas stream further comprises oxygenates claim 1 , unreacted alkylating agent claim 1 , and contaminants claim 1 , and is treated to remove at least one of the oxygenates claim 1 , alkylating agent claim 1 , and contaminants prior to recycling the light gas stream to the alkylation reactor.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the alkylating agent is methanol.4. The process of claim 3 , wherein the methanol and recycled ...

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28-01-2016 дата публикации

Process and Catalyst for Methane Conversion to Aromatics

Номер: US20160023962A1
Принадлежит:

A process and catalyst for use therein for the production of aromatics via the oxidative coupling of methane and methane co-aromatization with higher hydrocarbons in a single reaction stage. First, methane is partially converted to ethane and ethylene on an OCM catalyst component, and the OCM intermediate mixture containing methane, ethane and ethylene is subsequently converted into aromatics on an aromatization catalyst component. The reaction may be conducted at 550-850° C. and at about 50 psig. The claimed process and catalyst used therein achieves high methane conversion at lower temperatures (less than 800° C.), higher methane conversion into the aromatic products and significant reductions in production cost when compared to the traditional two (or more) step processes. 1. A process for producing aromatics , the process comprising:a. providing a feed comprising methane and an oxidant;b. contacting the feed with a catalyst comprising an oxidative coupling of methane (“OCM”) component and an aromatization component under conditions, including a temperature of about 600-800° C., effective to convert at least part of the methane in the feed to a product comprising at least 7 wt. % of aromatics, based on the weight of the product, wherein the OCM catalyst component and aromatization catalyst component are contained within a single reactor, wherein the OCM catalyst component comprises at least one alkaline/rare earth metal oxide, wherein the aromatization catalyst component comprises at least one molecular sieve and at least one dehydrogenation component; andc. separating at least part of the aromatics from the product.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the OCM catalyst component and the aromatization catalyst component are physically mixed within the reactor.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein multiple layers of OCM catalyst component are alternated with multiple layers of aromatization catalyst component claim 1 , forming a stacked bed of catalyst within the ...

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17-04-2014 дата публикации

Method for Providing a Co-Feed in the Coupling of Toluene with a Carbon Source

Номер: US20140107384A1
Принадлежит: Fina Technology Inc

A process for making styrene is disclosed that includes reacting toluene with a C 1 source and a co-feed in the presence of a catalyst in a reactor to form a first product stream comprising styrene, ethylbenzene, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen; separating the hydrogen and carbon monoxide from the first product stream to form a second stream; separating the hydrogen from the second stream to form a third stream comprising hydrogen and a fourth stream comprising carbon monoxide; wherein the fourth stream is recycled to the reactor and forms at least a portion of the co-feed.

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17-04-2014 дата публикации

OXIDATIVE COUPLING OF METHANE SYSTEMS AND METHODS

Номер: US20140107385A1
Принадлежит: SILURIA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

Systems and methods conducive to the formation of one or more alkene hydrocarbons using a methane source and an oxidant in an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reaction are provided. One or more vessels each containing one or more catalyst beds containing one or more catalysts each having similar or differing chemical composition or physical form may be used. The one or more catalyst beds may be operated under a variety of conditions. At least a portion of the catalyst beds may be operated under substantially adiabatic conditions. At least a portion of the catalyst beds may be operated under substantially isothermal conditions. 1168-. (canceled)169. A system for providing hydrocarbons having two or more carbon atoms (“C hydrocarbons”) from methane , the system comprising:an inlet configured to receive a methane source and an inlet configured to receive an oxidant coupled to at least one vessel, the at least one vessel having a catalyst bed disposed therein, the catalyst bed including at least one oxidative coupling of methane (“OCM”) catalyst;an inlet zone defined by the portion of the catalyst bed initially contacted by a bulk gas mixture formed by the methane source and the oxidant received by the at least one vessel; [ a temperature of the inlet zone being less than about 600° C.; and', 'a temperature at any point within the catalyst bed being less than about 950° C. and, 'maintains a thermal profile across the catalyst bed during an OCM reaction, the thermal profile characterized by, 'maintains a pressure at any point within the at least one vessel of less than 100 psig; and', {'sub': '2+', 'maintains an OCM reaction within the catalyst bed, the OCM reaction having a methane conversion of at least about 6% and a C hydrocarbon selectivity of at least 40%.'}], 'a control system operably coupled to the at least one vessel, wherein the control system170. The system of wherein the catalyst bed comprises at least one nanowire catalyst having at least one physical ...

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25-01-2018 дата публикации

Production of Xylenes from Syngas

Номер: US20180023008A1
Принадлежит:

This disclosure relates to the production of xylenes from syngas, in which the syngas is converted to an aromatic product by reaction with a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst and an aromatization catalyst. The Fischer-Tropsch catalyst and aromatization catalyst may be different catalysts or combined into a single catalyst. The aromatic product is then subjected to selective alkylation with methanol and/or carbon monoxide and hydrogen to increase its p-xylene content. 1. A catalyst system for the production of para-xylene comprising:(a) a first catalyst comprising 1 to 50 wt. % Fe, and(b) a second catalyst comprising at least one medium pore size molecular sieve and at least one metal or compound thereof, wherein the metal is selected from Groups 10-14 of the Periodic Table,wherein the first and second catalysts are located within the same reactor bed, andwherein the second catalyst is selectivated by contacting the second catalyst with steam at a temperature of at least 950° C. for about 10 minutes to 10 hours.2. The catalyst system of wherein the first and second catalysts are physically mixed in the same reactor bed.3. The catalyst system of wherein the first and second catalysts are combined into a single multi-functional catalyst.4. The catalyst system of claim 1 , wherein the first catalyst comprises at least one support selected from the group consisting of zinc oxide claim 1 , manganese oxide claim 1 , alumina claim 1 , silica claim 1 , carbon claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.5. The catalyst system of claim 1 , wherein the second catalyst comprises at least one metal or compound thereof claim 1 , wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of Ga claim 1 , In claim 1 , Zn claim 1 , Cu claim 1 , Re claim 1 , Mo claim 1 , W claim 1 , La claim 1 , Fe claim 1 , Ag claim 1 , Pt claim 1 , and Pd.6. The catalyst system of claim 1 , wherein the metal of the second catalyst is present in an amount of about 0.1 to 10 wt %.7. The catalyst system of claim 1 , wherein the ...

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24-01-2019 дата публикации

HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSTS

Номер: US20190022626A1
Принадлежит:

Heterogeneous catalysts with optional dopants are provided. The catalysts are useful in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane to C hydrocarbons. Related methods for use and manufacture of the same are also disclosed. 1. A catalyst comprising a mixed oxide base material , the mixed oxide comprising erbium (Er) and at least one further lanthanide element.2. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the mixed oxide comprises a physical blend of Er claim 1 , or an oxidized form thereof claim 1 , and the further lanthanide element claim 1 , or an oxidized form thereof.3. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the mixed oxide has the following formula (I):{'br': None, 'sub': x', 'y', 'z, 'LnErO\u2003\u2003 (I)'} Ln is the lanthanide element;', 'Er is erbium;', 'O is oxygen; and', 'x, y and z are each independently numbers greater than 0., 'wherein4. The catalyst of claim 3 , wherein x claim 3 , y and z are selected such that the overall charge of the catalyst is about 0.5. The catalyst of claim 3 , wherein x claim 3 , y and z are selected such that z is from 150% to 200% of the sum of x and y.6. The catalyst of claim 3 , wherein the mixed oxide is LnErOor LnErO.727-. (canceled)28. A bulk catalyst comprising a base material comprising an oxide of one or more lanthanide elements and a dopant combination selected from Sr/Ce claim 3 , Sr/Tb claim 3 , Sr/B and Sr/Hf/K.29. The catalyst of claim 28 , wherein the oxide has the following formula (III):{'br': None, 'sub': a', 'b', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'c, 'Ln1Ln2Ln3Ln4Ln5O\u2003\u2003 (III)'} Ln1, Ln2, Ln3, Ln4 and Ln5 are independently different lanthanide elements;', 'O is oxygen; and', 'a and c are each independently numbers greater than 0; and', 'b, d, e, and f are independently 0 or a number greater than 0., 'wherein30. The catalyst of claim 28 , wherein the dopant combination consists essentially of Sr/Ce claim 28 , Sr/Tb claim 28 , Sr/B or Sr/Hf/K.31. The catalyst of claim 28 , wherein the dopant ...

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28-01-2021 дата публикации

Gas-to-liquid reactor and method of using

Номер: US20210023524A1
Принадлежит: Plasmerica LLC

A device and a process to propagate molecular growth of hydrocarbons, either straight or branched chain structures, that naturally occur in the gas phase to a molecular size sufficient to shift the natural occurring phase to a liquid or solid state is provided. According to one embodiment, the device includes a grounded reactor vessel having a gas inlet, a liquid outlet, and an electrode within the vessel; a power supply coupled to the electrode for creating an electrostatic field within the vessel for converting the gas to a liquid and or solid state.

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23-01-2020 дата публикации

CATALYTIC FORMS AND FORMULATIONS

Номер: US20200024214A1
Принадлежит:

Catalytic forms and formulations are provided. The catalytic forms and formulations are useful in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane. Related methods for use and manufacture of the same are also disclosed. 152-. (canceled)53. A catalytic material comprising a first and second catalyst , wherein the first and second catalysts have a different catalytic activity in the oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reaction under the same conditions , wherein the catalytic material comprises a C2 selectivity of greater than 50% and a methane conversion of greater than 20% when the catalyst is employed as a heterogeneous catalyst in the oxidative coupling of methane at a temperature of 750° C. or less.54. The catalytic material of claim 53 , wherein the first catalyst is a nanowire catalyst.55. The catalytic material of claim 53 , wherein the second catalyst is a bulk catalyst.56. The catalytic material of claim 53 , wherein each of the first and second catalysts are nanowire catalysts.57. The catalytic material of claim 53 , wherein each of the first and second catalyst are bulk catalysts.58. The catalytic material of claim 53 , wherein the second catalyst has a lower catalytic activity than the first catalyst under the same conditions.59. The catalytic material of claim 58 , wherein the catalytic activity of the second catalyst increases with increasing temperature.6070-. (canceled)71. The catalytic material of claim 53 , wherein the catalytic material comprises a void fraction volume of about 35% to about 70%.72. The catalytic material of claim 71 , wherein the catalytic material comprises a void fraction volume of about 45% to about 65%.73. The catalytic material of claim 53 , wherein the catalytic material comprises catalyst particles having a cross sectional dimension in at least one dimension between about 1 mm and about 20 mm.74. The catalytic material of claim 73 , wherein the cross sectional dimension is between about 2 mm ...

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28-01-2021 дата публикации

EFFICIENT OXIDATIVE COUPLING OF METHANE PROCESSES AND SYSTEMS

Номер: US20210024438A1
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure provides oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) systems for small scale and world scale production of olefins. An OCM system may comprise an OCM subsystem that generates a product stream comprising C compounds and non-C impurities from methane and an oxidizing agent. At least one separations subsystem downstream of, and fluidically coupled to, the OCM subsystem can be used to separate the non-C impurities from the C compounds. A methanation subsystem downstream and fluidically coupled to the OCM subsystem can be used to react Hwith CO and/or COin the non-C impurities to generate methane, which can be recycled to the OCM subsystem. The OCM system can be integrated in a non-OCM system, such as a natural gas liquids system or an existing ethylene cracker. 1. A method for producing hydrocarbon compounds including two or more carbon atoms (C compounds) , the method comprising:{'sub': 2', '2', '2+', '2', '6', '2', '4', '4, '(a) performing an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reaction in an OCM reactor to produce an OCM effluent stream comprising carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO), hydrogen (H), one or more C compounds including ethane (CH) and ethylene (CH), and methane (CH);'}(b) directing the OCM effluent stream to a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) system;(c) with the HRSG system, transferring heat from the OCM effluent stream to a water stream to produce steam;{'sub': 2+', '2', '2', '4, '(d) separating the OCM effluent stream into a first stream comprising at least some of the one or more C compounds and a second stream comprising CO, CO, H, and CH,'}wherein the method has a carbon efficiency of at least about 50%.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising directing the OCM effluent stream to a cracking unit prior to step (b).3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising directing a stream comprising CHto the cracking unit claim 2 , wherein the stream comprising CHis external to the OCM reactor.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the ...

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28-01-2021 дата публикации

OXIDATIVE COUPLING OF METHANE METHODS AND SYSTEMS

Номер: US20210024439A1
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure provides natural gas and petrochemical processing systems including oxidative coupling of methane reactor systems that integrate process inputs and outputs to cooperatively utilize different inputs and outputs of the various systems in the production of higher hydrocarbons from natural gas and other hydrocarbon feedstocks. 1. A system for producing propylene , comprising:{'sub': 4', '2', '4', '2', '2+, 'an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reactor that receives methane (CH) and oxygen (O) and reacts the CHand the Oto yield an OCM product stream comprising hydrocarbon compounds containing at least two carbon atoms (C compounds) including ethylene;'}a separations unit that receives the OCM product stream and yields an ethylene stream comprising ethylene from the OCM product stream;a dimerization reactor that receives a first portion of ethylene from the ethylene stream and reacts the ethylene in a dimerization reaction to yield a butene stream comprising butene compounds;{'sub': '4', 'a Cseparations unit that receives the butene stream and yields a butene-2 stream comprising butene-2 from the butene stream; and'}{'sub': '2+', 'a metathesis reactor that receives the butene-2 stream and a second portion of ethylene from the ethylene stream and reacts the butene-2 and the ethylene to yield a metathesis product stream comprising C compounds including propylene.'}2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a Cseparations unit that receives the metathesis product stream and separates the metathesis product stream to yield a Cstream comprising Ccompounds and a C stream comprising C compounds including propylene.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the separations unit receives the Cstream.4. The system of claim 2 , further comprising a Csplitter that receives the Cstream and separates the Cstream to yield an ethylene stream and an ethane stream.5. The system of claim 4 , further comprising a hydrogenation unit that receives the Cstream prior to the ...

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01-02-2018 дата публикации

Method and apparatus for producing hydrocarbons

Номер: US20180029955A1
Принадлежит:

A method () for producing hydrocarbons is proposed, in which one or more steam cracking feed streams (a) which predominantly or exclusively contain hydrocarbons with two or more carbon atoms are subjected to one or more steam cracking steps (), thus obtaining one or more steam cracking discharge streams (b), and wherein one or more reaction feed streams (t, u) which predominantly or exclusively contain methane are subjected to one or more steps () for the oxidative coupling of methane, thus obtaining one or more reaction discharge streams (v) which contain ethane, while a separation discharge stream (m) which predominantly or exclusively contains ethane is formed using fluid from the steam cracking discharge stream or streams (b). In the proposed method, it is provided that fluid from the reaction discharge stream or streams (v) is subjected to one or more thermal cracking steps () which are subsequent to the step or steps () for the oxidative coupling of methane, and in which the ethane which is present in the fluid from the reaction discharge stream or streams (v) is at least partially reacted to form ethylene, under the influence of waste heat from the step or steps () for the oxidative coupling of methane, and that fluid (w) from the separation discharge stream (m) is fed into the subsequent thermal cracking step or steps (), wherein the step or steps () for the oxidative coupling of methane and the subsequent thermal cracking step or steps () are carried out in a joint reactor and wherein the transfer of heat into the thermal cracking step or steps () that follow takes place by convection. 1100106070606070607070. Method () for producing hydrocarbons , wherein one or more steam cracking feed streams (a) which predominantly or exclusively contain hydrocarbons with two or more carbon atoms are subjected to one or more steam cracking steps () , thus obtaining one or more steam cracking discharge streams (b) , and wherein one or more reaction feed streams (t , u) ...

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01-02-2018 дата публикации

LEWIS ACID CATALYSTS FOR PRODUCING TOLUENE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING TOLUENE USING THE SAME

Номер: US20180029959A1
Принадлежит:

Disclosed is a Lewis acid catalyst for preparation of toluene from 2-methylfuran and a method for preparing toluene from 2-methylfuran by using the same. The catalyst is a zeolite catalyst ion-exchanged with a metal or a metal halide catalyst. The catalyst accelerates the cycloaddition of 2-methylfuran with ethylene and inhibits oligomerization as a side reaction, and thus allows production of toluene from 2-methylfuran with high yield and high selectivity. 1. A catalyst for use in the preparation of toluene from 2-methylfuran ,wherein the catalyst is a Lewis acid catalyst; andwherein the catalyst is a zeolite catalyst ion-exchanged with at least one metal.2. The catalyst for use in the preparation of toluene according to claim 1 , wherein the zeolite catalyst is ion-exchanged with at least one metal selected from the group consisting of alkali metals claim 1 , transition metals and post-transition metals.3. The catalyst for use in the preparation of toluene according to claim 2 , wherein the zeolite catalyst is ion-exchanged with at least one alkali metal.4. The catalyst for use in the preparation of toluene according to claim 3 , wherein the zeolite catalyst is ion-exchanged with Li or Na.5. The catalyst for use in the preparation of toluene according to claim 1 , wherein the zeolite catalyst is a Y-zeolite catalyst having an FAU structure.6. A catalyst for use in the preparation of toluene from 2-methylfuran claim 1 ,wherein the catalyst is a Lewis acid catalyst; andwherein the catalyst is a metal halide catalyst.7. The catalyst for use in the preparation of toluene according to claim 6 , wherein the metal halide catalyst comprises: at least one cation selected from the group consisting of transition metals and post-transition metals; and at least one halogen anion.8. The catalyst for use in the preparation of toluene according to claim 7 , wherein the metal halide catalyst is a metal chloride.9. The catalyst for use in the preparation of toluene according to ...

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31-01-2019 дата публикации

A Process for Preparing Perhydrofluorene or Alkyl-Substituted Perhydrofluorene

Номер: US20190031576A1
Принадлежит: TIANJIN UNIVERSITY

The present invention discloses a process for preparing perhydrofluorene or alkyl-substituted perhydrofluorene, comprising the steps of: (1) reacting a phenolic compound or an aromatic hydrocarbon compound or an aromatic ketone compound or an aromatic ether compound with a benzyl compound to carry out an alkylation reaction in the presence of a first catalyst, thereby to produce substituted or unsubstituted diphenyl methane, wherein the first catalyst is an acidic catalyst; and (2) reacting the substituted or unsubstituted diphenyl methane with hydrogen gas to carry out an hydrogenation reaction or a hydrodeoxygenation reaction, thereby to produce perhydrofluorene or alkyl-substituted perhydrofluorene, wherein the second catalyst is a physical mixture of a metal catalyst and an acidic catalyst or a metal catalyst loaded on an acidic catalyst.

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31-01-2019 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING ALKYL SUBSTITUTED BENZENE

Номер: US20190031579A1
Принадлежит:

A method for producing alkyl substituted benzene includes (a) providing a starting material selecting from the group consisting of furan, an alkyl substituted furan, 2-methylfuran, 2,3-dimethylfuran, 2,4-dimethylfuran, 2,5-dimethylfuran, 2,5-hexanedione, and combinations thereof, and (b) subjecting the starting material to a cycloaddition reaction with a monoene in the absence of solvent and in the presence of the metal triflate catalyst to produce an alkyl substituted benzene. 1. A method for producing alkyl substituted benzene , comprising the steps of:(a) providing a starting material selecting from the group consisting of furan, an alkyl substituted furan, 2-methylfuran, 2,3-dimethylfuran, 2,4-dimethylfuran, 2,5-dimethylfuran, 2,5-hexanedione, and combinations thereof; and(b) subjecting the starting material to a cycloaddition reaction with a monoene in the absence of solvent and in the presence of the metal triflate catalyst to produce an alkyl substituted benzene.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the metal trilflate catalyst is selected from the group consisting of copper (II) trifluoromethanesulfonate claim 1 , zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate claim 1 , scandium trifluoromethanesulfonate claim 1 , yttrium trifluoromethanesulfonate claim 1 , yttrium trifluoromethanesulfonate hydrate claim 1 , indium(III) trifluoromethanesulfonate claim 1 , and combinations thereof.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein claim 2 , instep (d) claim 2 , a molar ratio of the metal triflate catalylst to the starting material ranging from 1:50 to 1:100000.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein claim 3 , instep (d) claim 3 , a molar ratio of the metal triflate catalylst to the starting material ranging from 1:5000 to 1:30000.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the monoene is selected from the group consisting of ethylene claim 1 , propene claim 1 , 1-hexene claim 1 , cyclohexene claim 1 , and combinations thereof.6. The method according to claim 1 , ...

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31-01-2019 дата публикации

PHOSPHINE SUBSTITUTED FERROCENYL COMPLEX

Номер: US20190031697A1

A functionalized magnetic nanoparticle including an organometallic sandwich compound and a magnetic metal oxide. The functionalized magnetic nanoparticle may be reacted with a metal precursor to fol in a catalyst for various C—C bond forming reactions. The catalyst may be recovered with ease by attracting the catalyst with a magnet. 2. (canceled)3. The complex of claim 1 , wherein Ris an optionally substituted alkyl.4. The complex of claim 1 , wherein Ris an optionally substituted aryl.5. The complex of claim 1 , wherein X is NH.620-. (canceled) This application claims the priority of the filing date of the U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/406,449 filed Oct. 11, 2016, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.This project was funded by the National Plan for Science, Technology and Innovation (MAARIFAH)-King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology through the Science and Technology Unit at King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, award number 15-NAN4650-04.Aspects of this technology are described in an article “Magnetic nanoparticle-supported ferrocenylphosphine: a reusable catalyst for hydroformylation of alkene and Mizoroki-Heck olefination” by M. Nasiruzzaman Shaikh, Md. Abdul Aziz, Aasif Helal, Mohamed Bououdina, Zain H. Yamania, and Tae-Jeong Kim, in RSC Advances, 2016, pages 41687-41695, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.The present disclosure relates to a functionalized magnetic nanoparticle including an organometallic sandwich compound and a functional group which can bind to a nanoparticle. The disclosure also relates to a magnetic catalyst which catalyzes C—C bond forming reactions such as hydroformylation and the Mizoroki-Heck coupling reaction.Carbon-carbon bond formation reactions mediated by various transition metals have emerged as increasingly important methodologies for the preparation of numerous organic building blocks for drugs, ...

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04-02-2021 дата публикации

SMALL CHANNEL SHORT FIXED BED ADIABATIC REACTOR FOR OXIDATIVE COUPLING OF METHANE

Номер: US20210031161A1
Принадлежит:

Disclosed herein are systems and processes for the conversion of a methane feedstock to C hydrocarbons. 1. A reactor system for an oxidative conversion of methane comprising:a reactor vessel having a reactant inlet and a product outlet;a pre-heating component disposed within the reactor vessel configured to receive feedstock from the reactant inlet; andone or more reactor bodies configured to receive the feedstock from the reactant inlet via the pre-heating component, each reactor body having a plurality of channels extending there through, wherein the channels are configured to receive a catalyst.2. The reactor system of :{'sup': th', 'th, 'wherein the channels have a diameter, and wherein the catalyst has a particle size of from about ¼to about 1/20the size of the diameter of a channel, and'}wherein the reactor system further comprises one or more walls disposed adjacent one or more of the first surface and the second surface, wherein the walls are configured to maintain the catalyst within the channels.3. The reactor system of claim 1 , wherein the pre-heating component comprises a silicon carbide claim 1 , quartz claim 1 , a metal coated with inert materials claim 1 , or a combination thereof.4. The reactor system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of channels extend in parallel and are conterminous.5. The reactor system of claim 1 , wherein the reactor bodies have a cylindrical shape and have a diameter of about 20 mm or greater.6. The reactor system of claim 1 , wherein at least one channel of the plurality of channels has a length no greater than 300 mm.7. The reactor system of claim 1 , at least one channel of the plurality of channels has a diameter of less than about 10 mm.8. The reactor system of claim 1 , at least one channel of the plurality of channels has a diameter of about 5 mm.9. The reactor system of claim 1 , wherein the reactor body comprises an inert material having a thermal conductivity of at least about 2 Watts per meter Kelvin.10. The ...

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30-01-2020 дата публикации

Reactors and systems for oxidative coupling of methane

Номер: US20200031734A1
Принадлежит: Lummus Technology Inc

In an aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for the oxidative coupling of methane to generate hydrocarbon compounds containing at least two carbon atoms (C 2+ compounds). The method can include mixing a first gas stream comprising methane with a second gas stream comprising oxygen to form a third gas stream comprising methane and oxygen and performing an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reaction using the third gas stream to produce a product stream comprising one or more C 2+ compounds.

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30-01-2020 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR SEPARATING HYDROCARBON COMPOUNDS

Номер: US20200031736A1
Принадлежит:

Disclosed herein are processes for producing and separating ethane and ethylene. In some embodiments, an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) product gas comprising ethane and ethylene is introduced to a separation unit comprising two separators. Within the separation unit, the OCM product gas is separated to provide a C-rich effluent, a methane-rich effluent, and a nitrogen-rich effluent. Advantageously, in some embodiments the separation is achieved with little or no external refrigeration requirement. 155.-. (canceled)56. A system for providing Ccompounds via oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) , comprising:at least one catalytic OCM reactor system including at least one OCM catalyst to provide an OCM product gas including at least ethane, ethylene, oxygen and nitrogen, wherein each OCM reactor system includes at least a means to provide a gas mixture including at least methane and oxygen prior to introduction to at least one OCM reactor; and{'sub': 2', '2, 'a first separations system to cryogenically separate the OCM product gas into at least a C-rich effluent that includes at least one Ccompound and a gas mixture effluent that includes methane and nitrogen.'}57. The system of wherein at least a portion of the methane in the gas mixture is provided by a feedstock gas and the feedstock gas is heated to about 600° C. or less and is at a pressure of 150 pounds per square inch gauge (psig) or less.58. The system of claim 56 , further comprising:at least one OCM product gas compressor to increase the pressure of the OCM product gas to about 200 pounds per square inch gauge (psig) or more prior to the first separations system.59. The system of claim 58 , further comprising:{'sub': '2', 'at least one turboexpander to expand a first portion of the high pressure OCM product gas and to provide a mechanical shaft work output prior to separating the first portion of the OCM product gas into the C-rich effluent and the gas mixture effluent.'}60. The system of further ...

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04-02-2021 дата публикации

GAS-TO-GAS REACTOR AND METHOD OF USING

Номер: US20210032183A1
Автор: Manning Dennis Keith
Принадлежит:

A device and a process to propagate molecular growth of hydrocarbons, either straight or branched chain structures, that naturally occur in the gas phase of a first gas to gas phase molecules of a second gas having higher molecular chain lengths than the hydrocarbons of the first gas. According to one embodiment, the device includes a grounded reactor vessel having a gas inlet, a product outlet, and an electrode within the vessel; a power supply coupled to the electrode for creating an electrostatic field within the vessel for converting the first gas to a second gas. 1. A method for synthesizing a hydrocarbon , comprising:providing a first gas phase hydrocarbon; andsubjecting the first gas phase hydrocarbon to a plasma created by an electrostatic field, whereby a second gas phase hydrocarbon is obtained, wherein the second gas phase hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of ethane, propane, butane, pentane, hexane, ethylene, acetylene, propene, propyne, allene, isobutene, 2-butene, 2-methyl-butane, 2,2-dimethyl-butane, 2,3-dimethyl-butane, and 3-methyl-pentane.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrostatic field is an oscillating field.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the field oscillates at a frequency from 60 to 1000 Hz.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the field oscillates at a frequency from 300 to 600 Hz.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrostatic field is from 1000 to 100 claim 1 ,000 volts.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrostatic field is from 10 claim 1 ,000 to 50 claim 1 ,000 volts.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein subjecting to a plasma is conducted at ambient temperature.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein subjecting to a plasma is conducted at a pressure of from atmospheric pressure to 100 PSIG.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein subjecting to a plasma is conducted at atmospheric pressure.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first gas phase hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of methane claim 1 , ...

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11-02-2016 дата публикации

Fullerene Derivatives and Their Applications in Organic Photovoltaics

Номер: US20160039676A1

The present invention relates to new fullerene derivatives of formulae 1a-d, 2 and 3: method of synthesizing said derivatives, and applications thereof in organic photovoltaics, e.g., organic solar cells. In particular, the fullerene derivatives of the present invention are soluble in non-halogenated solvents such that an environmental-friendly and low-cost fabrication method for industrialization of solar cell based on the new fullerene derivatives is provided. An ink formulation for forming a thin film on a substrate of organic photovoltaics comprising at least one of the fullerene derivatives of the present invention is also provided. Greater than 3% power conversion efficiency of the organic solar cells (area=0.16 cm 2 ) formed based on the fullerene derivatives of the present invention with less pollution and lower cost in fabrication can be achieved in the present invention.

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08-02-2018 дата публикации

Pyrolytic reactor and method of using

Номер: US20180036698A1
Принадлежит: UOP LLC

Methods and apparatus to produce alkynes are described. The method includes combusting fuel and an oxidizer in a combustion zone to create a carrier gas stream, which is accelerated to supersonic speed in an expansion zone. A feedstock material is injected into a feedstock injection zone using two or more pluralities of injection nozzles. The injection nozzles are arranged annularly. The carrier gas stream is transitioned from supersonic speed to subsonic speed to create a shockwave in a reaction zone. The reaction zone is directly connected to the feedstock injection zone, and the shockwave is created adjacent to the feedstock injection zone. The carrier gas stream and the feedstock material are simultaneously mixed and reacted.

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07-02-2019 дата публикации

Catalyst and Process for the Production of Para-Xylene

Номер: US20190039968A1
Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc

A fluidized bed process for producing para-xylene via toluene and/or benzene methylation with methanol using a dual function catalyst system. A first catalyst accomplishes the toluene and/or benzene methylation and a second catalyst converts the by-products of the methylation reaction or unconverted methylating agent, improves the yields of the desired products, or a combination thereof. The inclusion of the second catalyst can suppress the C1-C5 non-aromatic fraction by over 50% and significantly enhance the formation of aromatics.

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01-05-2014 дата публикации

CATALYTIC FORMS AND FORMULATIONS

Номер: US20140121433A1
Принадлежит:

Catalytic forms and formulations are provided. The catalytic forms and formulations are useful in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane. Related methods for use and manufacture of the same are also disclosed. 1. A catalytic material comprising a plurality of catalytic nanowires in combination with a diluent , wherein the diluent comprises an alkaline earth metal compound , silicon carbide , cordierite , BO , InO , SrAlO , BSrOor combinations thereof , wherein the alkaline earth metal compound is not MgO , CaO , MgAlOor calcium aluminate.2. The catalytic material of claim 1 , wherein the alkaline earth metal compound is MgCO claim 1 , MgSO claim 1 , Mg(PO) claim 1 , CaCO claim 1 , CaSO claim 1 , Ca(PO) claim 1 , CaAlO claim 1 , SrO claim 1 , SrCO claim 1 , SrSO claim 1 , Sr(PO) claim 1 , SrAlO claim 1 , BaO claim 1 , BaCO claim 1 , BaSO claim 1 , Ba(PO) claim 1 , BaAlOor combinations thereof.3. The catalytic material of claim 1 , wherein the alkaline earth metal compound is SrO claim 1 , MgCO claim 1 , CaCO claim 1 , SrCOor combinations thereof.4. The catalytic material of claim 1 , wherein the catalytic material comprises a formed aggregate.5. The catalytic material of claim 4 , wherein the formed aggregate comprises an extrudate6. The catalytic material of claim 4 , wherein the formed aggregate comprises a pressed or cast particle7. The catalytic material of claim 4 , wherein the formed aggregate comprises a monolith8. The catalytic material of claim 1 , wherein the catalytic material is in a shape selected from a cylinder claim 1 , rod claim 1 , star claim 1 , ribbed claim 1 , trilobe claim 1 , disk claim 1 , hollow claim 1 , donut claim 1 , ring-shaped claim 1 , pellet claim 1 , tube claim 1 , spherical claim 1 , honeycomb claim 1 , cup claim 1 , bowl and an irregular shape.9. The catalytic material of claim 1 , wherein the catalytic material is disposed on claim 1 , impregnated in claim 1 , or combinations thereof claim ...

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15-02-2018 дата публикации

Methods of Refining Natural Oil Feedstocks

Номер: US20180044597A1
Принадлежит: ELEVANCE RENEWABLE SCIENCES, INC.

Methods are provided for refining natural oil feedstocks. The methods comprise reacting the feedstock in the presence of a metathesis catalyst under conditions sufficient to form a metathesized product comprising olefins and esters. In certain embodiments, the methods further comprise separating the olefins from the esters in the metathesized product. In certain embodiments, the methods further comprise hydrogenating the olefins under conditions sufficient to form a fuel composition. In certain embodiments, the methods further comprise transesterifying the esters in the presence of an alcohol to form a transesterified product. 119-. (canceled)20. A method of producing a fuel composition comprising:providing a feedstock comprising natural oil glycerides, and (b) low-molecular-weight olefins;reacting the natural oil glycerides with the low-molecular-weight olefins in the presence of a metathesis catalyst to form a metathesized product comprising olefins and esters;separating at least a portion of the olefins in the metathesized product from the esters in the metathesized product; andhydrogenating the separated olefins to form a fuel composition.21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the fuel composition is: (a) a kerosene-type jet fuel having a carbon number distribution between 8 and 16 claim 20 , a flash point between 38° C. and 66° C. claim 20 , an auto ignition temperature of 210° C. claim 20 , and a freeze point between −47° C. and −40° C.; (b) a naphtha-type jet fuel having a carbon number distribution between 5 and 15 claim 20 , a flash point between −23° C. and 0° C. claim 20 , an auto ignition temperature of 250° C.; and a freeze point of −65° C.; or (c) a diesel fuel having a carbon number distribution between 8 and 25 claim 20 , a specific gravity of between 0.82 and 1.08 at 15.6° C. claim 20 , a cetane number of greater than 40; and a distillation range between 180° C. and 340° C.22. The method of claim 20 , further comprising flash-separating a light end ...

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03-03-2022 дата публикации

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR UPGRADING CRUDE OILS, HEAVY OILS, AND RESIDUES

Номер: US20220064084A1
Принадлежит:

Systems and methods for producing olefins and/or aromatics are disclosed. Methods disclosed includes aqua-processing hydro-processing of crude oils and/or heavy oils and/or residue, in an aqua-processing hydro-processing unit, to produce intermediate products, which can then be used to make valuable chemicals such as olefins and aromatics.

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25-02-2021 дата публикации

INTEGRATED PROCESSES AND SYSTEMS FOR CONVERSION OF METHANE TO MULTIPLE HIGHER HYDROCARBON PRODUCTS

Номер: US20210053889A1
Принадлежит:

Integrated systems are provided for the production of higher hydrocarbon compositions, for example liquid hydrocarbon compositions, from methane using an oxidative coupling of methane system to convert methane to ethylene, followed by conversion of ethylene to selectable higher hydrocarbon products. Integrated systems and processes are provided that process methane through to these higher hydrocarbon products. 1. A method of producing a plurality of hydrocarbon products , the method comprising:using an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) catalytic reactor to convert methane and a source of oxidant to a first product gas comprising ethylene;introducing separate portions of the first product gas into a first catalytic ethylene conversion system and a second catalytic ethylene conversion system, wherein:the first catalytic ethylene conversion system reacts ethylene from the first product gas with an aromatic hydrocarbon to produce an alkylated aromatic hydrocarbon product, andthe second catalytic ethylene conversion system converts ethylene from the first product gas to a higher hydrocarbon product that is different from the alkylated aromatic hydrocarbon product produced in the first catalytic ethylene conversion system.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising introducing an additional portion of the first product gas into a third catalytic ethylene conversion system.3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising introducing a further additional portion of the first product gas into a fourth catalytic ethylene conversion system.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the OCM catalytic reactor comprises nanowire catalyst materials.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first product gas comprises 0.5 mol % to 15 mol % of ethylene.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first product gas comprises less than 5 mol % of ethylene.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first product gas comprises less than 3 mol % of ethylene.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first ...

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13-02-2020 дата публикации

STABLE CATALYSTS FOR OXIDATIVE COUPLING OF METHANE

Номер: US20200048164A1
Принадлежит:

A method of selecting a stable mixed metal oxide catalyst for an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reaction is disclosed. The method may include, obtaining a mixed metal oxide material having catalytically active metal oxides for the OCM reaction and identifying the Tammann temperature (TTam) of at least one of the catalytically active metals oxides of the mixed metal oxide material. The method further includes selecting the mixed metal oxide material for use as a catalyst in the OCM reaction if the at least one catalytically active metal oxides present in the mixed metal oxide material has a TTam greater than a predetermined temperature. 1. A method of selecting a stable mixed metal oxide catalyst for an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reaction , the method comprising:(a) obtaining a mixed metal oxide material having catalytically active metal oxides for the OCM reaction;{'sub': 'Tam', '(b) identifying the Tammann temperature (T) of at least one of the catalytically active metals oxides of the mixed metal oxide material; and'}{'sub': 'Tam', '(c) selecting the mixed metal oxide material for use as a catalyst in the OCM reaction if the at least one catalytically active metal oxides present in the mixed metal oxide material has a Tgreater than 750° C.'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the Tfor the at least one catalytically active metal oxide is greater than 850° C. claim 1 , preferably greater than 950° C. claim 1 , or more preferably greater than 1000° C. claim 1 , or 750° C. to 1700° C.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the metal oxides in the mixed metal oxide material has a Tgreater than 750° C.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the Tof the mixed metal oxide material is above 750° C.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mixed metal oxide material has two catalytically active metal oxides having a metal selected from the group consisting of thorium (Th) claim 1 , magnesium (Mg) claim 1 , strontium (Sr) claim 1 , cerium (Ce) claim 1 , ytterbium (Yb ...

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13-02-2020 дата публикации

SEPARATION METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR OXIDATIVE COUPLING OF METHANE

Номер: US20200048165A1
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure provides a method for generating higher hydrocarbon(s) from a stream comprising compounds with two or more carbon atoms (C), comprising introducing methane and an oxidant (e.g., O) into an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reactor. The OCM reactor reacts the methane with the oxidant to generate a first product stream comprising the C compounds. The first product stream can then be directed to a separations unit that recovers at least a portion of the C compounds from the first product stream to yield a second product stream comprising the at least the portion of the C compounds. 1134.-. (canceled)135. A method for generating compounds with two or more carbon atoms (C compounds) , comprising:{'sub': 2', '4', '2', '4', '2', '4', '2', '6', '2', '6', '2', '4', '2+', '2', '4', '2', '6', '1', '4, '(a) directing oxygen (O) and methane (CH) into an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reactor having a first section and a second section downstream of said first section, to produce a product stream, which first section reacts said Oand CHin an OCM process to yield ethylene (CH), ethane (CH), and heat, which second section uses said heat to convert said CHfrom said first section into CHin a non-OCM process, and which product stream comprises (i) C compounds including CHand CHand (ii) Ccompounds including un-reacted CH;'}{'sub': 2', '4', '2', '6', '1, '(b) directing said product stream into a first separations unit containing a metal organic framework (MOF) that produces (i) a first stream comprising said CH, (ii) a second stream comprising said CH, and (iii) a third stream comprising said Ccompounds;'}(c) directing said second stream into said second section;{'sub': 2', '1', '2', '2, '(d) directing said third stream into a second separations unit comprising a COseparations unit to create a fourth stream comprising said Ccompounds, which COseparation unit employs sorbent or solvent separation of CO; and'}(e) directing said fourth stream into said first ...

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13-02-2020 дата публикации

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR PREPARING PARA-XYLENE AND CO-PRODUCING LIGHT OLEFINS FROM METHANOL AND/OR DIMETHYL ETHER AND BENZENE

Номер: US20200048166A1

A fast fluidized bed reactor, device and method for preparing para-xylene and co-producing light olefins from methanol and/or dimethyl ether and benzene, resolving or improving the competition problem between an MTO reaction and an alkylation reaction during the process of producing para-xylene and co-producing light olefins from methanol and/or dimethyl ether and benzene, and achieving a synergistic effect between the MTO reaction and the alkylation reaction. By controlling the mass transfer and reaction, competition between the MTO reaction and the alkylation reaction is coordinated and optimized to facilitate a synergistic effect of the two reactions, so that the conversion rate of benzene, the yield of para-xylene, and the selectivity of light olefins are increased. 124-. (canceled)25. A fast fluidized bed reactor for preparing para-xylene and co-producing light olefins from methanol and/or dimethyl ether and benzene , wherein the fast fluidized bed reactor comprises a first reactor feed distributor and a plurality of second reactor feed distributors , the first reactor feed distributor and the plurality of second reactor feed distributors are sequentially arranged along the gas flow direction in the fast fluidized bed reactor.26. The fast fluidized bed reactor of claim 25 , wherein the number of the second reactor feed distributors is in a range from 2 to 10.27. The fast fluidized bed reactor of claim 25 , wherein the fast fluidized bed reactor comprises a first reactor gas-solid separator and a second reactor gas-solid separator claim 25 , the first reactor gas-solid separator is placed in a dilute phase zone or outside a reactor shell claim 25 , and the second reactor gas-solid separator is placed in the dilute phase zone or outside the reactor shell;the first reactor gas-solid separator is provided with a regenerated catalyst inlet, a catalyst outlet of the first reactor gas-solid separator is placed at the bottom of a reaction zone, and a gas outlet of the ...

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13-02-2020 дата публикации

BURNERS FOR CONVERSION OF METHANE TO OLEFINS, AROMATICS, AND NANOPARTICLES

Номер: US20200049346A1
Принадлежит:

Embodiments of the present disclosure describe burner () configurations used in an industrial process to convert methane to olefins, aromatics, and nanoparticles/nanomaterials. Both a vitiated coflow burner and piloted turbulent burner with inhomogeneous inlets are disclosed. 1. A method of controlling secondary reactions of a burner of combustion products using injected methane , the method comprising:establishing a jet flame in coaxial flow of hot combustion products from a premixed vitiated coflow of gas passing through a porous plate or catalytic monolith, said jet flame established by gas exiting from a central tube;providing a tube positioner to translate the tip of the central tube to an offset height relative to the porous plate or catalytic monolith; andcontrolling the tube positioner to vary the offset height of the central tube tip in a dynamic manner based on chemical inputs, with said controlling resulting in different secondary reactions of combustion products from the burner.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the central tube is a blunt-tipped tube and the gas exiting the central tube is methane.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the coflow gas is a combination of methane and oxygen.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein offset height of the central tube tip is controlled to provide both a methane/oxygen combustion process and subsequent pyrolysis of methane to form olefins claim 1 , aromatics or nanoparticles.5. A method of controlling secondary reactions of a burner of combustion products using injected methane claim 1 , the method comprising:establishing a jet flame in coaxial flow of hot combustion products from gas passing through a porous plate or catalytic monolith, with said jet flame established by a piloted turbulent burner with inhomogeneous inlets and defining three concentric tubes;providing a tube positioner to translate an innermost one of the three concentric tubs to different positions relative to an intermediate tube; andcontrolling the ...

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10-03-2022 дата публикации

Product By Integrated Process for Producing Propylene Polymers and Copolymers with Reduced Greenhouse Gas Emission

Номер: US20220073655A1
Принадлежит:

A product made by a substantially zero-carbon-emission (ZCE) process for making propylene polymers and copolymers including: converting alkanes to the olefin monomers ethylene, propylene, and butene or combinations thereof, using renewable electric power and scrubbing the stack gases from any fired heaters or boilers to remove carbon dioxide, in an oxidative-coupling of methane plant including the steps of passing alkanes through an ethylene plant while adding oxygen, passing a portion of the polymerization grade ethylene through a 2-butene plant, and passing the 2-butene stream and a portion of the polymerization grade ethylene stream through a propylene plant. The polymerization grade propylene is polymerized to produce isotactic homopolymer polypropylene, or ethylene-propylene random copolymer, or impact-grade polypropylene containing ethylene-propylene rubber. 1. A product comprising isotactic polypropylene homopolymers or copolymers produced by a substantially zero carbon dioxide emissions process comprising: i. providing an ethylene plant comprising an oxidation reactor and a first fractionation train and converting natural gas and oxygen in the oxidation reactor to produce an oxidation reactor effluent comprising ethylene and passing the oxidation reactor effluent to the first fractionation train to recover a first ethylene stream, a second ethylene stream, and a third ethylene stream;', 'ii. providing a 2-butene plant comprising a dimerization unit and a second fractionation train and converting a portion of the first ethylene stream in the dimerization unit to produce a dimerization unit effluent comprising 2-butene and passing the dimerization unit effluent to the second fractionation train to produce a 2-butene stream;', 'iii. providing a propylene plant comprising a metathesis reactor and a third fractionation train and converting the 2-butene stream and a portion of the second ethylene stream in the metathesis reactor to produce a metathesis reactor ...

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03-03-2016 дата публикации

Treatment of Off-Gas in the Production of Para-Xylene by the Methylation of Toluene and/or Benzene

Номер: US20160060187A1
Принадлежит:

A process for removing contaminants from an off-gas stream generated by the methylation of toluene and/or benzene by methanol to produce para-xylene. The treated off-gas stream, which contains C hydrocarbons, may be further processed in an olefins plant/process to yield valuable light alkanes and olefins. 1. A process for producing para-xylene , the process comprising:{'sub': '4', '(a) contacting toluene and/or benzene with methanol in the presence of an alkylation catalyst under conditions effective to produce an alkylation effluent comprising xylenes and a by-product mixture comprising water, dimethyl ether, C− hydrocarbons, and contaminants;'}(b) separating the alkylation effluent into a first fraction containing xylenes and a second fraction containing the by-product mixture;(c) recovering para-xylene from the first fraction; and(d) treating the second fraction to remove the contaminants.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the para-xylene is recovered by fractional crystallization or selective adsorption.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the treating (d) is accomplished by counter-currently contacting the second fraction with a C-Chydrocarbon absorbent in an absorber demethanizer.4. The process of claim 3 , wherein the absorbent consists essentially of a Cor Chydrocarbon or a mixture thereof.5. The process of claim 3 , wherein the absorbent consists essentially of a Chydrocarbon or a mixture thereof.6. The process of claim 3 , wherein the treating (d) produces an overhead stream comprising hydrogen claim 3 , methane and contaminants and a bottoms stream comprising C hydrocarbons and absorbent claim 3 , and further comprising:{'sub': '2+', '(e) separating the absorbent from the differing C hydrocarbons.'}7. The process of claim 6 , wherein the absorbent recovered in the separating (e) is recirculated to the treating (d).8. The process of claim 6 , wherein the separating (e) is accomplished by a single fractionation column.9. The process of claim 1 , further ...

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03-03-2016 дата публикации

Treatment of Aromatic Alkylation Feedstock

Номер: US20160060188A1
Принадлежит:

In a process and system for treatment of feed stocks comprising alkylating agent and metal salts, the metal salts are removed from the feedstock by an efficient combination of separations processes. The processes may take place in one or more stages, each stage taking place in one or more vessels. Such treatment processes may remove 99.9% or more of metal salts from a feedstock, while recovering 99.9% or more of the alkylating agent from the feedstock for use in an alkylation reaction, especially of aromatics such as toluene and benzene. Preferred alkylating agents include methanol and mixtures of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, for methylation of toluene and/or benzene. The methylation proceeds over an aluminosilicate catalyst and preferably yields para-xylene with 75% or greater selectivity. 1. A process for producing para-xylene , the process comprising:(a) separating a feedstock comprising an alkylating agent and a metal salt into at least an alkylating agent-rich vapor stream and a metal salt-enriched liquid blowdown comprising alkylating agent and metal salt; and(b) reacting at least a portion of the alkylating agent-rich vapor stream with one or more aromatic compounds in the presence of an aluminosilicate zeolite catalyst under conditions sufficient to yield para-xylene.2. The process of claim 1 , further comprising:(c) treating the metal salt-enriched liquid blowdown so as to provide at least one additional alkylating agent-rich vapor stream and a metal salt-rich liquid discharge; and(d) reacting at least a portion of the at least one additional alkylating agent-rich vapor stream with one or more aromatic compounds in the presence of the aluminosilicate zeolite catalyst under conditions sufficient to yield para-xylene.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein treating the metal salt-enriched liquid blowdown in step (c) comprises:(c1) sorbing at least a portion of the metal salt from the metal salt-enriched liquid blowdown so as to form at least an alkylating agent- ...

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21-02-2019 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR THE CYCLOPROPANATION OF OLEFINS USING N-METHYL-N-NITROSO COMPOUNDS

Номер: US20190055172A1
Принадлежит:

A process of converting a carbon-carbon double bond on a substrate into a cyclopropane ring, which method comprises the step of treating the substrate with a N-alkyl-N-nitroso compound, a transition metal catalyst and an aqueous base, wherein the N-alkyl-N-nitroso compound is formed by reacting an alkyl amine with an alkali metal nitrite in the presence of a mono-basic or di-basic acid, or a mixture thereof, and wherein the N-alkyl-N-nitroso compound is not distilled before it is mixed with the substrate, catalyst and base. 1. A process of converting a carbon-carbon double bond on a substrate into a cyclopropane ring , the process comprising treating the substrate with a N-alkyl-N-nitroso compound , a transition metal catalyst and an aqueous base , wherein the N-alkyl-N-nitroso compound is formed by reacting an alkyl amine with an alkali metal nitrite in the presence of a mono-basic or di-basic acid comprising a mono-basic or di-basic carboxylic acid , or a mixture thereof , and wherein the N-alkyl-N-nitroso compound is not distilled before it is mixed with the substrate , catalyst and base.2. (canceled)3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the acid is formic acid or acetic acid.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the acid is a mixture of a mono-basic or di-basic carboxylic acid and an organic or inorganic acid having a lower pKa than said carboxylic acid.5. The process according to claim 4 , wherein the acid is a mixture of acetic acid and sulphuric acid.6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the N-alkyl-N-nitroso compound is (N-methyl-N-nitroso)-4-amino-4-methyl-2-pentanone.8. The process according to wherein the substrate is an isoprenoid.11. The process according to claim 8 , wherein the isoprenoid is alpha famesene or beta farnesene. This disclosure relates to a method of cyclopropanating alkenes.The conversion of a carbon-carbon double bond to a cyclopropane ring is a chemical transformation used commonly in the synthesis of organic chemical ...

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03-03-2016 дата публикации

IONIC LIQUID COMPOUND

Номер: US20160060277A1
Принадлежит: RELIANCE INDUSTRIES LIMITED

The present disclosure provides an ionic liquid compound of Formula (I) and its application in reactions such as alkylation, arylation, acylation, diels alder and oligomerization, 2. The ionic liquid compound as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the alkyl group is selected from the group consisting of methyl claim 1 , ethyl claim 1 , propyl claim 1 , butyl and combinations thereof; the aryl group is selected from the group consisting of benzyl claim 1 , phenyl claim 1 , substituted benzenes and combinations thereof; and the halogen is selected from the group consisting of F claim 1 , Cl claim 1 , Br and I.3. The ionic liquid compound as claimed in claim 1 , wherein NRRRis a trialkylamine; Mor Mis a metal selected from the group consisting of Al claim 1 , Fe claim 1 , Zn claim 1 , Mn claim 1 , Mg claim 1 , Ti claim 1 , Sn claim 1 , Pd claim 1 , Pt claim 1 , Rh claim 1 , Cu claim 1 , Cr claim 1 , Co claim 1 , Ce claim 1 , Ni claim 1 , Ga claim 1 , In claim 1 , Sb claim 1 , Zr and combinations thereof; and X or Y is a halogen.5. The process as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the step (i) and/or the step (ii) are carried out at a temperature ranging from −20 to 100° C.6. The process as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the step (i) is carried out in the presence of a solvent selected from the group consisting of ethyl acetate claim 4 , ethanol claim 4 , methanol claim 4 , methyl iso butyl ketone claim 4 , methyl ethyl ketone claim 4 , benzene claim 4 , toluene claim 4 , dichloromethane and combinations thereof and the step (ii) is carried out in the presence of a solvent selected from the group claim 4 , consisting of benzene claim 4 , toluene claim 4 , dichloromethane claim 4 , methyl iso butyl ketone claim 4 , methyl ethyl ketone and combinations thereof.78-. (canceled)9. The process as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the mole ratio of the amine to the metal salt ranges from 1:0.1 to 1:0.5 and the mole ratio of the ionic salt complex precursor to the metal salt ranges from 1:3 and 1: ...

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01-03-2018 дата публикации

PROCESSES AND COMPOSITIONS FOR TOLUENE METHYLATION IN AN AROMATICS COMPLEX

Номер: US20180057420A1
Принадлежит:

This present disclosure relates to processes and compositions for toluene methylation in an aromatics complex for producing paraxylene. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a process for producing paraxylene which includes alkylating a toluene stream and a methanol stream in a toluene methylation zone operating under toluene methylation conditions in the presence of a catalyst comprising a MFI crystal to produce a toluene methylation product stream. 1. A process for producing paraxylene comprising alkylating a toluene stream and a methanol stream in a toluene methylation zone operating under toluene methylation conditions in the presence of a catalyst comprising an MFI crystal , alone or bound to any another material , to produce a toluene methylation product stream.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst includes MFI crystals with a framework silica to alumina ratio of about 50 to about 10 claim 1 ,000 claim 1 , more preferably about 100 to about 6 claim 1 ,000 claim 1 , or even more preferably about 500 to about 3 claim 1 ,000.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the toluene methylation conditions include a temperature of about 250° C. to about 750° C. claim 1 , more preferably between about 350° C. and about 650° C. claim 1 , even more preferably between about 400° C. and about 600° C.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the toluene methylation conditions include a pressure of about 1 Barg to about 100 Barg claim 1 , more preferably between about 1 Barg to about 50 Barg claim 1 , even more preferably between 2 Barg to about 30 Barg.5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the toluene methylation product stream has a benzene to total xylene molar ratio of less than 1 claim 1 , or preferably less than 0.5 claim 1 , or more preferably less than 0.16. The process according to claim 2 , wherein the catalyst includes MFI crystals with a framework silica to alumina ratio of 2000.7. The process according to claim ...

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01-03-2018 дата публикации

GAS PHASE PRODUCTION OF ALKYL ALKANOATES

Номер: US20180057441A1
Принадлежит:

An alkane-containing stream is reacted to produce an alkene, which is carbonylated to produce an alkyl alkanoate, e.g., methyl propanoate, by a gas phase process comprising the step of contacting under carbonylation conditions the alkene, e.g., ethylene, carbon monoxide, an alkanol, e.g., methanol, and a solid sulfide-based metal catalyst. 1. A process comprising: (a) providing a gas feed stream comprising >1 mol % of an alkane; (b) at least partially converting the alkane to produce a gaseous first intermediate stream comprising water , unreacted alkane , and >1 mol % of an alkene; (c) removing the majority of the water from the gaseous first intermediate stream to produce a gaseous second intermediate stream comprising at least one alkene; and (d) contacting under gas phase carbonylation conditions the gaseous second intermediate stream , carbon monoxide gas , an alkanol gas and a solid sulfide-based metal catalyst to produce an alkyl alkanoate.2. The process of comprising: (a) providing a gas feed stream comprising >1 mol % of an alkane; (b) at least partially converting the alkane to produce a gaseous first intermediate stream comprising water claim 1 , other hydrocarbons claim 1 , H claim 1 , CO claim 1 , CO claim 1 , unreacted alkane claim 1 , and >1 mol % of an alkene; (c) removing the majority of the water from the gaseous first intermediate stream to produce a gaseous second intermediate stream comprising at least one alkene claim 1 , other hydrocarbons claim 1 , H claim 1 , CO claim 1 , COand unreacted alkane; and (d) contacting under gas phase carbonylation conditions the gaseous second intermediate stream claim 1 , carbon monoxide gas claim 1 , an alkanol gas and a solid sulfide-based metal catalyst to produce an alkyl alkanoate.3. The process of wherein the alkene is of the formula CHin which n is from 2 to 12 claim 1 , and the alkanol comprises from 1 to 30 carbon atoms.4. The process of wherein the alkane is methane and the alkene is ethylene.5. The ...

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03-03-2016 дата публикации

FLUIDIZED BED UNIT STARTUP

Номер: US20160060542A1

The startup of a fluidized bed process unit uses an air heater to raise the temperature of the unit to the level necessary for operation of the unit to be self-sustaining in its normal operating regime without the use of torch oil. This startup sequence is particularly useful for fluidized bed units which utilize a circulating catalyst with particular emphasis on endothermic conversion units such as FCC and Resid Catalytic Cracking (RCC), but also on other catalytic units with circulating catalyst inventories such as various exothermic conversion, e.g. methanol conversion, processes. Elimination of the torch oil injection enables catalyst selectivity/activity to be retained during startup and at any other time that the heat requirement of the unit cannot be met by the internal functioning of the process, e.g. by coke generation during the reaction and combustion during regeneration of the catalysts or during the reaction itself. 1. A fluidized bed hydrocarbon conversion process in which a feed stream is converted in a fluidized bed process unit at an elevated temperature , comprising the step of starting up the unit by heating the unit to a self-sustaining reaction temperature with heated air from a heater.2. A process according to in which the unit is heated to a self-sustaining reaction temperature exclusively with heated air from an air heater.3. A process according to in which the unit is heated to a self-sustaining reaction temperature without burning hydrocarbon oil in the unit.4. A process according to in which the conversion process is an endothermic conversion process.5. A process according to in which the endothermic conversion process comprises Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) of a heavy hydrocarbon feed.6. A process according to in which the conversion process is an exothermic conversion process.7. A process according to in which the conversion process comprises methanol conversion to aromatics or olefins.8. A fluidized bed catalytic cracking process in ...

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20-02-2020 дата публикации

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR PERFORMING CHEMICAL SEPARATIONS

Номер: US20200054983A1
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure provides a method for generating higher hydrocarbon(s) from a stream comprising compounds with two or more carbon atoms (C), comprising introducing methane and an oxidant (e.g., O) into an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reactor. The OCM reactor reacts the methane with the oxidant to generate a first product stream comprising the C compounds. The first product stream can then be directed to a separations unit that recovers at least a portion of the C compounds from the first product stream to yield a second product stream comprising the at least the portion of the C compounds. 163.-. (canceled)64. A method for generating compounds with two or more carbon atoms (C compounds) , comprising:{'sub': 2', '4', '2', '4', '2+', '2, '(a) directing oxygen (O) and methane (CH) into an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reactor that reacts the Oand the CHin an OCM process to yield a product stream comprising (i) C compounds including olefins and paraffins and (ii) carbon monoxide (CO) and/or carbon dioxide (CO);'}(b) directing the product stream from the OCM reactor into a separations unit that selectively adsorbs the olefins from the paraffins, wherein the separations unit comprises (i) a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) unit, (ii) a temperature swing adsorption (TSA) unit, or (iii) a membrane unit, and wherein the PSA unit, the TSA unit or the membrane unit comprises a sorbent that selectively adsorbs the olefins; and(c) desorbing the olefins from the sorbent.65. The method of claim 64 , wherein the separations unit selectively separates ethylene from the paraffins.66. The method of claim 64 , wherein the sorbent has dispersed metal ions that are capable of complexing with the olefins.67. The method of claim 64 , wherein the sorbent is selected from a zeolite claim 64 , a molecular sieve sorbent claim 64 , a carbon molecular sieve claim 64 , an activated carbon claim 64 , a carbon nanotube claim 64 , a metal-organic framework (MOF) claim 64 , and a ...

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02-03-2017 дата публикации

Method for Producing Hydrocarbons by Oxidative Coupling of Methane with a Heavy Diluent

Номер: US20170057889A1
Принадлежит: SABIC Global Technologies BV

A method for producing C 2 hydrocarbons comprising (a) introducing a reactant mixture to a reactor comprising a catalyst, wherein the reactant mixture comprises CH 4 , O 2 and a heavy diluent, and wherein the reactant mixture is characterized by a bulk CH 4 /O 2 molar ratio; (b) allowing the reactant mixture to contact a surface of the catalyst and react via an oxidative coupling of CH 4 (OCM) reaction to form a product mixture, wherein the reactant mixture is characterized by a local CH 4 /O 2 molar ratio on the catalyst surface, wherein the local CH 4 /O 2 molar ratio is greater than the bulk CH 4 /O 2 molar ratio, wherein the product mixture comprises C 2 hydrocarbons, and wherein a selectivity to C 2 hydrocarbons is increased by at least about 1% when compared to a selectivity of an otherwise similar OCM reaction conducted in the absence of the heavy diluent; and (c) recovering the product mixture from the reactor.

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20-02-2020 дата публикации

Novel Process Integration of Methane or Higher Hydrocarbon Pyrolysis Step to Produce Ethylene and Methanol and/or Hydrogen

Номер: US20200055731A1
Принадлежит: SABIC Global Technologies, B.V.

A method for producing ethylene and methanol comprising contacting fuel gas and oxidant gas to produce combustion product; contacting hydrocarbons and combustion product to produce pyrolysis product comprising unconverted hydrocarbons, acetylene, ethylene, CO, H, HO, CO; separating pyrolysis product into COstream and COfree product comprising unconverted hydrocarbons, acetylene, ethylene, CO, H; contacting a first portion of COfree product with aprotic polar solvent to produce acetylene solution and first gas stream comprising unconverted hydrocarbons, ethylene, CO, H; contacting acetylene solution with a second portion of COfree product to produce hydrogenation product comprising aprotic polar solvent, unconverted hydrocarbons, ethylene, CO, H; separating hydrogenation product into aprotic polar solvent stream and second gas stream comprising unconverted hydrocarbons, ethylene, CO, H; separating second gas stream into ethylene stream and third gas stream comprising unconverted hydrocarbons, CO, H; and introducing first and/or third gas streams to a reactor to produce methanol. 1. A method for producing ethylene and methanol comprising:(a) introducing a first fuel gas stream and an oxidant gas to a combustion zone to produce a combustion product;(b) introducing a first reactant mixture to a first reaction zone, wherein the first reactant mixture comprises a hydrocarbon stream and at least a portion of the combustion product, wherein the hydrocarbon stream comprises natural gas and/or higher hydrocarbons, and wherein the combustion product heats the hydrocarbon stream to a temperature effective for a pyrolysis reaction;{'sub': 2', '2', '2, '(c) allowing at least a portion of the first reactant mixture to react via the pyrolysis reaction and produce a pyrolysis reaction product, wherein the pyrolysis reaction product comprises unconverted hydrocarbons, acetylene, ethylene, carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H), water (HO), and carbon dioxide (CO);'}{'sub': 2', '2', '2', ...

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05-03-2015 дата публикации

Catalytic Alkane Conversion and Olefin Separation

Номер: US20150065767A1
Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc

Disclosed is a hydrocarbon conversion process that is less energy intensive than comparable processes. The hydrocarbon conversion process is particularly desirable for converting alkanes, such as methane into C 2+ olefins, such as ethylene and propylene, particularly with increasing selectivity to ethylene production. It is also desirable for effectively removing a C 2 composition (i.e., ethane, ethylene and/or acetylene) produced from the catalytic conversion of hydrocarbon comprised of C 2+ olefins. In addition, the hydrocarbon process is desirable for providing a substantially non-cryogenic separation of the desired C 2 compositions from the hydrocarbons (e.g., methane) present in the reaction mixture.

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05-03-2015 дата публикации

Oxygen Storage and Production of C5+ Hydrocarbons

Номер: US20150065769A1
Принадлежит:

Disclosed are reactors and reaction processes for contacting hydrocarbon reactant in the presence of oxygen stored and released within a thermal mass region of the reactor, and catalytically converting at least a portion of alkane, e.g., methane, in the hydrocarbon reactant to produce a reaction mixture comprising a C composition. Oxygen storage and release for carrying out the catalytic conversion is achieved by including an oxygen storage material in a thermal mass region of the reactor. Flow-through reactors can be used to carry out oxygen storage and the hydrocarbon conversion reactions. Reverse-flow reactors are examples of flow-through reactors, which can be used to carry out oxygen storage and the hydrocarbon conversion reactions. 1. A process for producing a C composition , comprising:(a) providing a flow-through reactor system comprising: first and second hydrocarbon conversion catalysts, the first hydrocarbon conversion catalyst having oxidative coupling functionality and/or oxydehydrogenation functionality and the second hydrocarbon conversion catalyst having dehydrocyclization functionality; i. passing oxidant through the flow-through reactor system,', "ii. transferring at least a portion of the oxidant's oxygen to an oxygen storage material for storage with the oxygen storage material, and", 'iii. lessening or discontinuing the passing of the oxidant through the flow-through reactor;, '(b) during a first time interval,'} i. passing a hydrocarbon reactant through the flow-through reactor system,', {'sub': '2+', 'ii. releasing stored oxygen and catalytically converting at least a portion of the hydrocarbon reactant with at least a portion of the released oxygen in the presence of the first hydrocarbon conversion catalyst to produce a first reaction mixture comprising a C composition, and'}, {'sub': '5+', 'iii. catalytically converting at least a portion of the first reaction mixture in the presence of the second hydrocarbon conversion catalyst to produce ...

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05-03-2015 дата публикации

Oxygen Storage and Catalytic Alkane Conversion

Номер: US20150065773A1
Принадлежит:

The inventing relates to hydrocarbon conversion, and more particularly to catalytically converting alkane in the presence of oxygen released from an oxygen storage material. Conversion products include Chydrocarbon, such as C olefin. The hydrocarbon conversion process can be an oxidative coupling reaction, which refers to the catalytic conversion of methane in the presence of oxidant to produce the olefin product. Flow-through reactors can be used to carry out oxygen storage and the oxidative coupling reaction. Reverse-flow reactors are examples of flow-through reactors, which can be used to carry out oxygen storage and the oxidative coupling reaction. 1. A process for producing a C composition , comprising:(a) providing a flow-through reactor comprising a hydrocarbon conversion catalyst and an oxygen storage material; i. passing oxidant through the flow-through reactor to transfer oxygen from the oxidant to the oxygen storage material,', 'ii. storing at least a portion of the transferred oxygen with the oxygen storage material, and', 'iii. lessening or discontinuing the passing of the oxidant through the flow-through reactor; and, '(b) during a first time interval,'} i. passing a hydrocarbon reactant through the flow-through reactor,', {'sub': '2+', 'ii. releasing at least a portion of the stored oxygen and reacting at least a portion of the released oxygen with at least a portion of the hydrocarbon reactant in the presence of the hydrocarbon conversion catalyst to produce a reaction mixture comprising a C composition; and'}], '(c) during a second time interval,'}(d) conducting at least a portion of the reaction mixture away from the flow-through reactor.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein (i) the flow-through reactor comprises thermal mass claim 1 , (ii) the oxygen storage of step b(ii) includes at least one exothermal reaction and (ii) the process further comprises transferring heat from the exothermal reaction during step (b)ii to the thermal mass.3. The process ...

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28-02-2019 дата публикации

MAGNETIC PARTICLE-IONIC LIQUID COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USE THEREOF

Номер: US20190060883A1
Принадлежит:

Described herein are magnetic particle-ionic liquid composite materials, and methods of making and use thereof. The magnetic particle-ionic liquid composite materials can comprise an ionic liquid conjugated to a magnetic particle, wherein the ionic liquid comprises at least one cation and at least one metal halide anion; and wherein the ionic liquid is not covalently bound to the magnetic particle. 1. A magnetic particle-ionic liquid composite material , comprising:an ionic liquid conjugated to a magnetic particle;wherein the ionic liquid comprises at least one cation and at least one metal halide anion, wherein the ionic liquid is a salt of the at least one cation and the at least one metal halide anion with a melting point of 150° C. or less; andwherein the ionic liquid is not covalently bound to the magnetic particle.2. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the at least one cation is an ammonium cation claim 1 , an imidazolium cation claim 1 , a pyridinium cation claim 1 , a phosphonium cation claim 1 , a sulphonium cation claim 1 , or a combination thereof.3. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the at least one cation comprises an ammonium cation of the structure NRRRR claim 1 , wherein R claim 1 , R claim 1 , R claim 1 , and Rare independently H claim 1 , halogen claim 1 , substituted or unsubstituted C-Calkyl claim 1 , or substituted or unsubstituted C-Ccycloalkyl.4. The composite material of claim 3 , wherein R claim 3 , R claim 3 , R claim 3 , and Rare independently H or substituted or unsubstituted C-Calkyl.5. The composite material of claim 3 , wherein the at least one ammonium cation comprises [HN(CH)].6. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the at least one cation comprises a phosphonium cation of the structure PRRRR claim 1 , wherein R claim 1 , R claim 1 , R claim 1 , and Rare independently H claim 1 , halogen claim 1 , substituted or unsubstituted C-Calkyl claim 1 , substituted or unsubstituted C-Ccycloalkyl claim 1 , or wherein ...

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17-03-2022 дата публикации

Process for Producing Metallocenes

Номер: US20220081460A1
Принадлежит: LANXESS Organometallics GmbH

The present invention relates to an improved process for the preparation of metallocenes of the general formula (A) CR2L2MX2 as well as to intermediates useful in the synthesis of said metallocene and the use thereof as a catalyst in a polymerization of an olefin.

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27-02-2020 дата публикации

ENHANCED OXYGEN TRANSFER AGENT SYSTEMS FOR OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION OF HYDROCARBONS

Номер: US20200062677A1
Принадлежит: EcoCatalytic Inc.

Aspects of the invention relate to enhanced oxygen transfer agent systems and methods of use thereof. According to one aspect, a method for producing olefins from a hydrocarbon feed includes the step of contacting a hydrocarbon feed comprised of one or more alkanes with an oxygen transfer agent at a temperature of 350° C. to 1000° C. The oxygen transfer agent comprising an oxygen-donating chalcogen agent comprised of at least one of S, Se, or Te and a reducible metal oxide. The chalcogen having an oxidation state greater than +2. According to another aspect, a method for producing one or more olefins by partial combustion of a hydrocarbon feed includes partially combusting a hydrocarbon feed comprised of one or more alkanes by contacting the hydrocarbon feed with an oxygen transfer agent comprising CaS0at a temperature of 350° C. to 1000° C. to produce one or more olefins comprising ethylene and coproducing water. 1. A method for producing one or more olefins from a hydrocarbon feed comprised of one or more alkanes , the method comprising:a step of contacting a hydrocarbon feed comprised of one or more alkanes with an oxygen transfer agent at a temperature of 350° C. to 1000° C., wherein the oxygen transfer agent comprises i) an oxygen-donating chalcogen agent comprised of at least one of S, Se, or Te, and wherein the chalcogen has an oxidation state greater than +2, and ii) a reducible metal oxide.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon feed comprises at least one of methane or ethane claim 1 , and the produced one or more olefins comprises ethylene.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein water is produced as a co-product.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the co-product water is formed from oxygen donated by the oxygen transfer agent.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxygen transfer agent comprises MgMnOand at least one promoter selected from the group consisting of Sm claim 1 , Ga claim 1 , Ti claim 1 , W claim 1 , Mo claim 1 , V claim 1 , Nb claim 1 , ...

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08-03-2018 дата публикации

METHODS OF PRODUCING ALKYLFURANS

Номер: US20180065944A1
Принадлежит: MICROMIDAS, INC.

Provided herein are methods of producing dialkylfurans, such as 2,5-dimethylfuran, and other alkyl furans, such as 2-methylfuran. For example, 2,5-dimethylfuran may be produced by reducing (5-methylfuran-2-yl)methanol or 2-(chloromethyl)-5-methylfuran. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the basic solid support comprises a basic metal oxide.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the basic solid support comprises a solid support modified by an alkali metal or an alkali earth metal.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the basic solid support comprises a solid support modified by a base.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the basic solid support comprises BeO claim 1 , MgO claim 1 , CaO claim 1 , SrO claim 1 , BaO claim 1 , ZnO claim 1 , AlO claim 1 , YO claim 1 , LaO claim 1 , CeO claim 1 , ThO claim 1 , TiO claim 1 , ZrOor SnO claim 1 , or any combinations thereof.739-. (canceled)4143-. (canceled) This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/037,806, filed Aug. 15, 2014, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.The present disclosure relates generally to methods of producing dialkylfurans and other alkylfurans, and more specifically to methods of producing 2,5-dimethylfuran and 2-methylfuran.Dialkylfurans, such as 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF), and other alkylfurans have potential applications for use as biofuels. Several methods are known in the art to produce 2,5-dimethylfuran. Current methods known in the art to produce 2,5-dimethylfuran from other furan compounds have been challenging with respect to minimizing the furan ring reduction. Thus, what is needed in the art are methods of selectively reducing furan compounds to produce 2,5-dimethylfuran and other alkylfurans.Provided herein are methods to reduce furan compounds to produce alkylfurans. In some aspects, provided is a method of producing a compound of formula (I′):wherein:wherein:In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A) is reduced to produce the compound of ...

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09-03-2017 дата публикации

Methods of Refining Natural Oil Feedstocks

Номер: US20170066972A1
Принадлежит: Elevance Renewable Sciences Inc

Methods are provided for refining natural oil feedstocks. The methods comprise reacting the feedstock in the presence of a metathesis catalyst under conditions sufficient to form a metathesized product comprising olefins and esters. In certain embodiments, the methods further comprise separating the olefins from the esters in the metathesized product. In certain embodiments, the methods further comprise hydrogenating the olefins under conditions sufficient to form a fuel composition. In certain embodiments, the methods further comprise transesterifying the esters in the presence of an alcohol to form a transesterified product.

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