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СПОСОБ СУШКИ ОЛИГОСАХАРИДОВ НА ОСНОВЕ УРОНОВОЙ КИСЛОТЫ

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ПЕНТАСАХАРИДНЫЙ КОНЪЮГАТ, СПОСОБ ЕГО ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ И ФАРМАЦЕВТИЧЕСКАЯ КОМПОЗИЦИЯ НА ЕГО ОСНОВЕ

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СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ D-ПСИКОЗЫ ВЫСОКОЙ ЧИСТОТЫ

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ШТАММ BIFIDOBACTERIUM BIFIDUM, ОБЛАДАЮЩИЙ ГАЛАКТОЗИДАЗНОЙ АКТИВНОСТЬЮ, ГАЛАКТООЛИГОСАХАРИДНАЯ КОМПОЗИЦИЯ ДЛЯ СТИМУЛЯЦИИ РОСТА БИФИДОБАКТЕРИЙ, СИНБИОТИЧЕСКАЯ КОМПОЗИЦИЯ ДЛЯ УЛУЧШЕНИЯ СОСТОЯНИЯ КИШЕЧНИКА, ИХ ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ (ВАРИАНТЫ) ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ ПРЕПАРАТОВ И СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ СТИМУЛЯТОРА РОСТА БИФИДОБАКТЕРИЙ

Штамм Bifidobacterium bifidum NCIMB 41171 проявляет способность продуцировать фермент, обладающий галактозидазной активностью, посредством которой лактоза превращается в смесь галактоолигосахаридов, содержащую дисахарид, трисахарид, тетрасахарид и пентасахарид. Галактоолигосахаридная композиция предназначена для стимулирования роста бифидобактерий. Синбиотическая композиция на основе штамма В. bifidum NCIMB 41171 и галактоолигосахаридной композиции обеспечивает улучшение состояния кишечника. Композиции могут быть включены в многочисленные пищевые продукты или корма для животных для улучшения состояния кишечника посредством стимулирования роста бифидобактерий в толстой кишке и подавления роста патогенной микрофлоры. 9 н. и 11 з.п. ф-лы, 2 ил., 7 табл.

СПОСОБ ФТОРИРОВАНИЯ ДЛЯ СИНТЕЗА 2-[18F]-ФТОР-2-ДЕЗОКСИ-D-ГЛЮКОЗЫ

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Способ ферментации низкомолекулярного сахара в этанол включает смешивание низкомолекулярного сахара, одного или нескольких ферментирующих микроорганизмов и модифицированной биомассы, ферментацию низкомолекулярного сахара в условиях, подходящих для конвертирования сахара в этанол. Причем модифицированная биомасса имеет объемную плотность менее чем примерно 0,5 г/сми содержит целлюлозные волокна, которые по существу были подвергнуты облучению и содержат группы карбоновой кислоты. Ферментирующий микроорганизм включает дрожжи, выбранные из группы, состоящей из S. cerevisiae и Р.Stipitis, или бактерии Zymomonas mobilis. Изобретение позволяет получить этанол с выходом, равным по меньшей мере 140%. 16 з.п. ф-лы, 40 ил, 78 табл., 32 пр.

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Способ микронизации полиола включает стадии: а) обеспечение наличия твердого полиола, имеющего химическую формулу CHO, являющегося твердым материалом при 20-25°С, b) подачу полиола в струйную мельницу и приложение давления с использованием азота и с) сбор микронизированного полиола. Предложены также микронизированные полиолы, полученные заявленным способом, с распределением частиц по размерам (d) от 20 до 60 мкм и текучестью ниже или равной 5 с/100 г, предпочтительно ниже 5 с/100 г. Микронизированные полиолы, хотя имеют более низкое распределение частиц по размерам по сравнению с размолотыми полиолами, обладают улучшенной сыпучестью. Наиболее предпочтительно, полиол выбирают из группы, включающей одно или несколько таких соединений, как мальтит, изомальт, маннит, сорбит, ксилит и эритрит. Предпочтительные полиолы также характеризуются индексом прессуемости, равным или выше 40. Микронизированный полиол используют в пищевой композиции, в частности в композициях для жевательной резинки, а ...

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ПРОИЗВОДНЫХ ЛАКТОЗАМИНА, ПРОИЗВОДНОЕ ЛАКТОЗАМИНА, ПОЛУЧЕННОЕ УКАЗАННЫМ СПОСОБОМ, СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ LEVIS-X И ИХ ПРОИЗВОДНЫХ ПРИ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИИ УКАЗАННЫХ ПРОИЗВОДНЫХ ЛАКТОЗАМИНА

Способ получения соединения с β1-4 связью, которое содержит лактозаминную структуру, включает взаимодействие по меньшей мере одного донорного вещества Ga1βOR, где R представляет собой органическую группу, и по меньшей мере одного акцепторного вещества, которое представляет собой глюкопиранозамино-производное формулы G1cNR''-R'''представляет собой азидо, 2-N-ацетил-, 2-N-фталимидо или органическую группу, присоединенную к 2-N-группе глюкозамина, в которой R''' - глюкозидно соединенный фтор или О-, С-, N- или S-глюкозидно присоединенное алифатическое или ароматическое соединение. Если NR'' представляет собой NHAc, то R''' не является ОН, а если NR'' не является NHAc, то R"' может представлять собой ОН. Способ осуществляют в присутствии Bullera singularis, или гликозидазы ЕС группы 3.2, особенно имеющей такую же структуру, что и глюкозидаза ЕС группы 3.2, полученная из Bullera singularis, для получения лактозамин-производного. Предпочтительно проводят выделение соединения с β1-4 связью, которое ...

ОЛИГОСАХАРИДНЫЙ ИНГРЕДИЕНТ

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ОЛИГОМЕР ХИТИНА ИЛИ ХИТОЗАНА И СПОСОБ ЕГО ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ

Использование: в пищевой промышленности и фармации. Сущность: олигомер хитина или хитозана, содержащий концевые группы 2,5-ангидроманнозы или 2,5-ангидроманнита формулы, приведенной в тексте описания. Олигомер может быть пищевой добавкой или основой для фармацевтических препаратов. 0способ получения олигомера: взаимодействие хитина или хитазана с азотистой кислотой или нитритом натрия в водном растворе при рН 3 - 4, температуре не выше 10oС с последующей нейтрализацией реакционной смеси, гидрированием полученных олигомеров в присутствии восстановителя и/или охлаждением. Взаимодействие может быть осуществлено в присутствии стабилизирующего агента - органической кислоты, а нейтрализация осуществлена аммиаком, алкиламином или анионнообменной смолой после завершения реакции. Восстановителем может быть боргидрид натрия или калия. 2 с. и 3 з. п. ф-лы, 3 табл.

СПОСОБ ОЧИСТКИ ЛАКТО-N-НЕОТЕТРАОЗЫ

Изобретение относится к области биотехнологии, а именно к очистке лакто-N-неотетраозы для получения питательных продуктов для грудных детей. Раскрывается способ очистки лакто-N-неотетраозы (LNnT) от ферментационного бульона, который включает стадии, на которых: берут ферментационный бульон, который содержит LNnT, биомассу, компоненты среды, загрязняющие вещества и углеводы, отличные от LNnT; подвергают ферментационный бульон по меньшей мере одной стадии мембранной фильтрации с использованием нанофильтрационных мембран, получая таким образом фильтрованный раствор, содержащий LNnT; подвергают фильтрованный раствор по меньшей мере одной стадии хроматографии с псевдодвижущимся слоем, получая таким образом очищенный раствор, который содержит LNnT; подвергают очищенный раствор по меньшей мере одной стадии кристаллизации из воды, получая таким образом кристаллическую массу; и подвергают такую кристаллическую массу по меньшей мере одной стадии гомогенизации, получая таким образом гомогенизированный ...

N,О-СУЛЬФАТИРОВАННЫЕ ГЕПАРОЗАНЫ, СПОСОБ ИХ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ И ФАРМАЦЕВТИЧЕСКАЯ КОМПОЗИЦИЯ, ОБЛАДАЮЩАЯ АНТИТРОМБОТИЧЕСКОЙ АКТИВНОСТЬЮ

Использование: в медицине в качестве антитромботических средств. Сущность изобретения: продукты: N, O-сульфатированные гепарозаны, состоящие из цепей или смесей цепей с молекулярной массой между 1500 и 15000 а. е. м., характеризующиеся повторяющейся дисахаридной структурой ф-лы I, указанной в описании, где Е - ацетильная группа в количестве 0 - 60% от дисахаридных звеньев N,O-сульфатированных гепарозанов, остальные дисахаридные звенья содержат сульфатную группу и, в случае необходимости, атом водорода, G - водород или сульфатная группа, причем степень сульфатирования гепарозанов, выраженная как отношение сульфат/карбоксил, заключена между 1,9 - 3, или их фармацевтически приемлемые соли. Способ получения I включает последовательность следующих стадий: а) культивирование штамма бактерий Escherichia coli /KS/CNCM N l-1013, b), выделение из посева и очистка N-ацетилгепарозана с получением композиции, содержащей от 70 до 100% гепарозана, с) частичное деацетилирование полученной композиции, содержащей ...

ПРОИЗВОДНЫЕ АРИЛСУЛЬФОНАМИДОЗАМЕЩЕННОЙ ГИДРОКСАМОВОЙ КИСЛОТЫ В КАЧЕСТВЕ ИНГИБИТОРОВ МЕТАЛЛОПРОТЕИНАЗ МАТРИКСА

... 1. Соединения формулы (I) где R1 представляет собой алкильную группу, замещенную одним или несколькими заместителями, выбранными из группы, состоящей из ОН, SH, NH2, NHR′, Х-глюцида, Х-гликоаминокислоты и Х-гликопептида, где R′ выбран из группы, состоящей из низшего алкила, возможно замещенного одной или несколькими гидроксильными группами, арила, арилалкила, Х-глюцида, X-гликоаминокислоты, Х-гликопептида и боковых цепей из аминокислот, и Х представляет собой двухвалентную связывающую группу, включающую в себя атомы, выбранные из О, S, N и С, при условии, что R1 включает в себя, по меньшей мере, две группы ОН, R2 выбран из группы, состоящей из Н, алкила, возможно замещенного одним или несколькими гидроксилами, арила и боковых цепей из аминокислот, R3 выбран из группы, состоящей из Н, ОН, алкила, арила, оксоалкила и оксоарила, и их пролекарства и их фармацевтически приемлемые соли. 2. Соединения формулы (I) по п.1, где R1 представляет собой группу формулы (II) где R4 выбран из Х-глюцида, ...

СУЛЬФАТИРОВАННЫЕ ПРОИЗВОДННЫЕ ОЛИГОСАХАРИДОВ

... 1. Соединение общей формулыX-[Y]-Z-UR,гдеХ, Y и Z каждый представляет собой моносахаридный фрагмент, в котором к каждому атому углерода, не связывающему группы Х, Y и Z, посредством одинарной или кратной связи присоединена группа UR, за исключением атома углерода в положении 1 моносахарида Z, к которому посредством одинарной или кратной связи присоединена группа UR;n представляет собой целое число и принимает значения от 0 до 6;каждый U независимо представляет собой атом С, N, S или О или указанные атомы с более высокой степенью окисления, включая СО, СОО, NO, NO, S(O), S(O)O;каждый R независимо представляет собой SOM или Н, где М представляет собой любой фармацевтически приемлемый катион или любую алкильную, арильную, ацильную, ароильную, алкилсульфонильную, арилсульфонильную группу, группу PEG или ее производную группу, Н или группугде независимо в каждой АВ-группе А представляет собой О или NH, В представляет собой Н или М, где М принимает значения, определенные выше, или представляет ...

НОВЫЕ СУЛЬФАТИРОВАННЫЕ ПРОИЗВОДНЫЕ ОЛИГОСАХАРИДОВ

... 1. Соединение общей формулы: ! , ! в которой каждый из X и Y представляют собой моносахаридное звено, в котором каждая гидроксильная группа, не участвующая в гликозидной связи, независимо замещена группой SO3M или Н, где М является любым фармацевтически приемлемым катионом; ! X и Y представляют собой любую D- или L-гексозу или пентозу; ! Y находится в форме замкнутого или разомкнутого цикла; ! Z представляет собой O, N, S или C, или состояния их более высокой степени окисления, или связь, и связан с аномерным атомом углерода, когда Y является восстанавливающим моносахаридом; ! R1 является линкером, выбранным из группы, включающей алкил, алкенил, алкинил, арил, гетероалкил, гетероарил, ацил, ароил, алкиламидо, алкилтиоамидо, триазолил, замещенный триазолил, или представляет собой связь; ! R2 представляет собой липофильную группу, выбранную из группы, включающей холестерил, холестанил, холат, дезоксихолат, глицирретинил, линейный алкил размером более С8, замещенный алкил размером более С8 ...

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ГАЛАКТОЗЫ ИЗ ЛИСТВЕННИЦЫ И СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ТАГАТОЗЫ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ГАЛАКТОЗЫ

... 1. Способ получения галактозы из лиственницы, включающий:проведение экстракции лиственницы горячей водой с получением арабиногалактана;проведение кислотного гидролиза экстрагированного горячей водой арабиногалактана с получением кислотного гидролизата; ивыделение галактозы из кислотного гидролизата.2. Способ получения галактозы из лиственницы по п. 1, в котором экстракция горячей водой включает переработку лиственницы на щепы или опилки.3. Способ получения галактозы из лиственницы по п. 1, в котором экстракцию горячей водой проводят при температуре от 15°С до менее чем 100°С в течение от 0,5 до 24 часов.4. Способ получения галактозы из лиственницы по п. 1, в котором кислотный гидролиз включает добавление от 0,1% (масс./об.) до 15% (масс./об.) серной кислоты к арабиногалактану, экстрагированному горячей водой.5. Способ получения галактозы из лиственницы по п. 1, в котором выделение галактозы включает выделение галактозы хроматографией.6. Способ получения галактозы из лиственницы по п. 5, ...

КОМПОЗИЦИИ, ВКЛЮЧАЮЩИЕ С5 И С6 ОЛИГОСАХАРИДЫ

... 1. Композиция, включающая:по меньшей мере, один водорастворимый C6 олигосахарид гидролизата;необязательно, по меньшей мере, один водорастворимый C6 моносахарид гидролизата; исуммарно меньше чем приблизительно 5250 частей на миллион (ppm) по массе элементов, в расчете на общую массу указанного водорастворимого C6 олигосахарида гидролизата и указанного водорастворимого C6 моносахарида гидролизата в указанной композиции;где указанные элементы представляют собой Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Pb, S, Sb, Se, Si, Sn, Sr, Ti, Tl, V, и Zn.2. Композиция по п.1, где указанный водорастворимый C6 олигосахарид гидролизата включает C6 олигосахарид, имеющий степень полимеризации от приблизительно 2 до приблизительно 15.3. Композиция по п.1, где указанный водорастворимый C6 олигосахарид гидролизата включает C6 олигосахарид, имеющий степень полимеризации от приблизительно 2 до приблизительно 13.4. Композиция по п.1, где указанный водорастворимый C6 олигосахарид ...

СИНТЕЗ НОВЫХ ПРОИЗВОДНЫХ СИАЛООЛИГОСАХАРИДОВ

... 1. Способ синтеза соединений общей формулы 1A и их солейгде одна из групп R представляет собой α-сиалильную группировку, а другая представляет собой H, Xозначает углеводный линкер, A представляет собой D-глюкопиранозильное звено, необязательно замещенное фукозилом, Rпредставляет собой защитную группу, которая может быть удалена гидрогенолизом, целое число m равно 0 или 1, отличающийся тем, что сиалил-донор формулы SA-ORили его соль, где Rможет представлять собой моно-, ди- или олигосахарид, гликолипид, гликопротеин или гликопептид, циклическую или ациклическую алифатическую группу или арильный остаток, a SA представляет собой α-сиалильную группировку, вводят в реакцию с сиалил-акцептором общей формулы 2A или его солью,где X, A, m и Rявляются такими, как определено выше, в условиях катализа ферментом, обладающим транс-сиалидазной активностью.2. Способ по п.1, в котором фермент, обладающий транс-сиалидазной активностью, выбран из сиалидаз, получаемых из видов Bifidobacterium, и транс-сиалидаз ...

СПОСОБ СУШКИ ОЛИГОСАХАРИДОВ НА ОСНОВЕ УРОНОВОЙ КИСЛОТЫ

... 1. Способ получения порошкового продукта из водного раствора, включающий ! а. стадию смешивания, включающую смешивание порошка, содержащего олигосахарид на основе уроновой кислоты, воды, белка и углевода с образованием водного раствора, содержащего от 0,1 до 5 мас.% олигосахаридов, в расчете на сухую массу водного раствора; ! b. стадию нагревания, включающую нагревание водного раствора, полученного на стадии смешивания, до температуры от 50 до 90°С; ! с. вторую стадию смешивания, где жир смешивают с водным раствором, который был подвергнут нагреванию на стадии нагревания, для получения водного раствора, содержащего жир; и ! d. стадию распылительной сушки, где водный раствор, содержащий жир, сушат посредством распыления с образованием порошковой композиции с содержанием олигосахарида от 0,1 до 0,5 мас.% олигосахарида на основе уроновой кислоты, в расчете на общую сухую массу композиции, ! где упомянутый олигосахарид на основе уроновой кислоты имеет DP 2-250. ! 2. Способ по п.1, где водный ...

СПОСОБ СИНТЕЗА В РАСТВОРЕ МАКРОМОЛЕКУЛ ИЗ ЗВЕНЬЕВ ПРОИЗВОДНЫХ УГЛЕВОДОВ

Изобретение относится к синтезу макромолекул, состоящих из моносахаридных или олигосахаридных звеньев. Предложен способ синтеза макромолекул, состоящих из звеньев, представляющих собой моносахариды или производные моносахаридов, путём последовательного удлинения цепи на мономер или олигомер, обладающий по меньшей мере двумя функциональными группами, где на первой стадии происходит заякоривание мономера или концевого звена олигомера якорной молекулой с последующим удалением защитной группы, оставляя свободную функциональную группу, к которой затем присоединяется второй мономер или олигомер, который может содержать свободную функциональную группу, защищённую защитной группой, при этом указанная якорная молекула содержит полиолефиновую цепь, или полиолефиновый олигомер, или полиалкен с по меньшей мере от 10 до 50 мономерными звеньями, указанная полиолефиновая цепь представляет собой разветвленную цепь и предпочтительно полиизобутеновую цепь; а также применение указанного способа для синтеза ...

Новый сульфатированный фукоолигосахарид и способ его получения

Группа изобретений относится к биотехнологии. Предложены новый сульфатированный фукоолигосахарид формулы II, представленной на фиг.3, и способ его получения. Осуществляют обработку фукоидана из Sargassum horneri рекомбинантной фукоиданазой FFA1 в Tris-HCl буфере с рН 7,2 при 37°С в течение 72-75 ч. Затем нагревают до 100°C в течение 5-10 мин. Далее высокомолекулярные продукты гидролиза осаждают 75% водным раствором этанола или ацетона. Затем образовавшийся осадок отделяют с помощью центрифугирования при 9000-10000 g в течение 20-30 мин. Супернатант наносят на колонку с анионообменным сорбентом, уравновешенную водой, и элюируют фукоолигосахариды линейным градиентом гидрокарбоната аммония со скоростью 1 мл/мин. Сначала элюируют сульфатированный фукоолигосахарид формулы II, затем сульфатированный фукоолигосахарид формулы I. Полученные фракции целевых продуктов лиофильно высушивают. Изобретение расширяет арсенал сульфатированных фукоолигосахаридов, полученных из бурой водоросли Sargassum horneri ...

КОМПОЗИЦИЯ ДЛЯ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ЭКСПРЕССИИ PGC-1α

КОМПОЗИЦИИ, СОДЕРЖАЩИЕ ГАЛАКТОМАННАН, И СПОСОБ ИХ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ

... 1. Соединение структурной формулы I, причем указанное соединение получено из растения Trigonella foenum graecum. ! ! 2. Соединение по п.1, отличающееся тем, что указанное соединение представляет собой низкомолекулярный галактоманнан, имеющий молекулярную массу примерно 702 Да и молекулярную формулу C24H46O23. ! 3. Соединение по п.1, отличающееся тем, что указанное соединение улучшает состав тела, увеличивает силу и положительно воздействует на факторы, связанные с предиабетическими и диабетическими состояниями. ! 4. Соединение по п.1, отличающееся тем, что указанное соединение охарактеризовано ВЭЖХ хроматограммой на Фиг.1 и ВЭЖХ-МС хроматограммой на Фиг.2. ! 5. Композиция, содержащая соединение структурной формулы I, полученное из Trigonella foenum graecum ! ! возможно совместно с фармацевтически приемлемым вспомогательным веществом (веществами), предназначенная для улучшения состава тела, увеличения силы и улучшения факторов, связанных с преддиабетическими и диабетическими состояниями.

КОМПОЗИЦИЯ, СОДЕРЖАЩАЯ FUT2-ЗАВИСИМЫЕ ОЛИГОСАХАРИДЫ И ЛАКТО-N-НЕОТЕТРАОЗУ, ДЛЯ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ С ЦЕЛЬЮ АКТИВАЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ ГОЛОВНОГО МОЗГА И ПОЗНАВАТЕЛЬНОЙ СПОСОБНОСТИ

СПОСОБЫ КОНВЕРСИИ ЦЕЛЛЮЛОЗЫ В ФУРАНОВЫЕ ПРОДУКТЫ

СПОСОБ ИНГИБИРОВАНИЯ ИЗОМЕРИЗАЦИИ ВОССТАНАВЛИВАЮЩЕГО САХАРИДА ПРИ ТЕПЛОВОЙ ОБРАБОТКЕ

КОМПОЗИЦИИ ДЛЯ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ В ПРОФИЛАКТИКЕ ИЛИ ЛЕЧЕНИИ ИНФЕКЦИЙ/ВОСПАЛЕНИЙ В ЖЕЛУДОЧНО-КИШЕЧНОМ ТРАКТЕ У МЛАДЕНЦЕВ ИЛИ ДЕТЕЙ МЛАДШЕГО ВОЗРАСТА

КОМПЛЕКСНЫЕ СОЕДИНЕНИЯ ЖЕЛЕЗА ДЛЯ ТЕРАПЕВТИЧЕСКОГО ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ

ПРОИЗВОДНЫЕ АРИЛСУЛЬФОНАМИДОЗАМЕЩЕННОЙ ГИДРОКСАМОВОЙ КИСЛОТЫ В КАЧЕСТВЕ ИНГИБИТОРОВ МЕТАЛЛОПРОТЕИНАЗ МАТРИКСА

... 1. Соединение формулы (I) !! где R1 представляет собой Н, ! R2 представляет собой гидроксиметил и ! R3 представляет собой метокси, или его пролекарства или их фармацевтически приемлемые соли. ! 2. Фармацевтические композиции, включающие соединение формулы (I) по п.1 в качестве активного ингредиента. ! 3. Фармацевтические композиции по п.2, дополнительно включающие фармацевтически приемлемые эксципиенты и/или разбавители. ! 4. Применение соединения формулы (I) по п.1 для получения фармацевтических композиций для лечения заболеваний, связанных с повышенной активностью металлопротеиназ матрикса. ! 5. Применение по п.4, где указанная металлопротеиназа матрикса является металлоэластазой макрофагов (ММР-12). ! 6. Применение по п.5, где указанным заболеванием, связанным с повышенной активностью металлопротеиназы матрикса, является легочная эмфизема. ! 7. Применение по п.4, где указанной металлопротеиназой матрикса являются коллагеназа и коллагеназа 3 нейтрофилов (ММР-8 и ММР-13 соответственно) ...

L-САХАРНЫЙ АГЕНТ, ОЧИЩАЮЩИЙ ТОЛСТУЮ КИШКУ, И ЕГО ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ

... 1. Моногидрат L-глюкозы.2. Моногидрат L-глюкозы по п.1, имеющий картину дифракции рентгеновских лучей на порошке (XRPD), содержащую один или более чем один характеристический пик при примерно 9,24, примерно 18,46, примерно 19,78, примерно 20,24 и примерно 28,36±0,2° 2θ.3. Моногидрат L-глюкозы по п.1, имеющий картину дифракции рентгеновских лучей на порошке (XRPD), содержащую характеристические пики при примерно 9,24, примерно 18,46, примерно 19,78, примерно 20,24 и примерно 28,36±0,2° 2θ.4. Моногидрат L-глюкозы по п.1, имеющий картину дифракции рентгеновских лучей на порошке (XRPD), содержащую один или более чем один характеристический пик при примерно 9,24, примерно 12,78, примерно 14,60, примерно 16,48, примерно 18,46, примерно 19,32, примерно 19,78, примерно 20,24, примерно 20,56, примерно 21,70, примерно 22,84, примерно 23,50, примерно 25,52, примерно 26,56, примерно 27,62, примерно 27,84, примерно 28,36, примерно 29,40, примерно 30,80, примерно 30,98, примерно 31,22, примерно 32,38 ...

СМЕСЬ ОЛИГОСАХАРИДОВ И ПРОДУКТ ПИТАНИЯ, СОДЕРЖАЩИЙ ЭТУ СМЕСЬ, В ЧАСТНОСТИ СМЕСЬ ДЛЯ КОРМЛЕНИЯ МЛАДЕНЦЕВ

... 1. Смесь олигосахаридов, содержащая:i. 5-70 масс.% по меньшей мере одного N-ацетилированного олигосахарида, выбранного из группы, включающей N-ацетил-галактозаминил-лактозу и галактозил-N-ацетил-галактозаминил-лактозу, иii. 5-90 масс.% по меньшей мере одного галакто-олигосахарида, выбранного из группы, включающей один или несколько следующих галактозил-дисахаридов или галактозил-олигосахаридов: Galβ1,6Gal, Galβ1,6Galβ1,4Glc, Galβ1,6Galβ1,6Glc, Galβ1,3Galβ1,3Glc, Galβ1,3Galβ1,4Glc, Galβ1,6Galβ1,6Galβ1,4Glc, Galβ1,6Galβ1,3Galβ1,4Glc, Galβ1,3Galβ1,6Galβ1,4Glc, Galβ1,3Galβ1,3Galβ1,4Glc, Galβ1,4Galβ1,4Glc и Galβ1,4Galβ1,4Galβ1,4Glc, иiii. 2-50 масс.% по меньшей мере одного сиалилированного олигосахарида, выбранного из группы, включающей 3′-сиалиллактозу и 6′-сиалиллактозу, и/илиiv. 2-70 масс.% по меньшей мере одного фукозилированного олигосахарида, выбранного из группы, включающей 2′-фукозиллактозу, 3-фукозиллактозу, дифукозиллактозу, лакто-N-фукопентаозы, лакто-N-дифукогексаозу I, монофукозиллакто-N-гексаозу ...

L-сахарный агент, очищающий толстую кишку, и его применения

... 1. Способ очищения толстой кишки, включающий введение субъекту одной или более чем одной дозы композиции, содержащей L-caxap в количестве большем чем примерно 48 г.2. Способ по п. 1, где количество L-caxapa составляет от примерно 48 г до примерно 200 г.3. Способ по п. 1, где количество L-caxapa составляет от примерно 50 г до примерно 150 г.4. Способ по п. 1, где количество L-caxapa составляет от примерно 60 г до примерно 140 г.5. Способ по п. 1, где количество L-caxapa составляет от примерно 70 г до примерно 130 г.6. Способ по п. 1, где количество L-caxapa составляет от примерно 80 г до примерно 120 г.7. Способ по п. 1, где количество L-caxapa составляет от примерно 90 г до примерно 110 г.8. Способ по п. 1, где L-caxap включает L-глюкозу.9. Способ по п. 1, где L-caxap включает моногидрат L-глюкозы.10. Способ по п. 1, где введение включает введение первой дозы композиции, содержащей L-caxap, и второй дозы композиции, содержащей L-сахар.11. Способ по п. 10, где первая доза содержит по меньшей ...

Salze von Glukopyranosederivate und ihre Zwischenprodukte

TETRASACCHARIDE UND VERFAHREN ZU IHRER HERSTELLUNG

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON RHAMNOSE AUS RHAMNOLIPIDEN

The invention relates to a process for the production of rhamnose from rhamnolipids in which an acid emulsion of the rhamnolipid is hydrolysed at 100 to 200 DEG C and then cooled, the aqueous phase of the hydrolysate produced is separated from the lipid phase, its pH is raised by the addition of a basic compound, any remaining precipitate is separated, the remaining solution condensed and either further processed directly or chromatographed via an ion exchange resin. The eluate comprises rhamnose-containing fractions which can be further processed as such or converted into crystalline rhamnose monohydrate.

Verfahren zur Bestimmung einer Zuckerkettenstruktur

Katalysatorregenerierung

Verfahren zur enzymatischen Herstellung von Alpha-Glykosiden und deren Estern

Kationische, ungesättigte Saccharide sowie daraus hergestellte Polymerisate und deren Verwendung

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON KRISTALLINER L-ARABINOSE

POLYSACCHARID-RON-SUBSTANZ, IHRE HERSTELLUNG UND VERWENDUNG.

Oligosaccharide prodn. in high yield and selectivity

Prodn. of oligosaccharides comprises reacting glucosyl donors with glucosyl acceptors in the presence of glucosyl-transferases at a temp. below the freezing point of the reaction mixt.

DIAGNOSTISCHES IN-VITRO-MITTEL ZUM NACHWEIS VON GLYCOSIDISCHE BINDUNGEN SPALTENDEN ENZYMEN

Verfahren zur Epimerisierung von Sacchariden

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Epimerisierung von Sacchariden durch Erhitzen eines in einem Lösungsmittel gelösten Saccharids in Gegenwart eines Metall-haltigen Katalysators, wobei man eine Aldose mit einem festen metall-organischen Katalysator kontaktiert, wobei der metall-organische Katalysator ein vernetztes, poröses Polymer ausbildet, welches Metallatome M enthält, die durch jeweils zwei bis vier organische Linkermoleküle L kovalent miteinander verbunden sind, wobei L ein substituierter oder unsubstituierter, acyclischer oder cyclischer Alkylenrest oder ein substituierter oder unsubstituierter Arylenrest mit 5 bis 50 C-Atomen ist, und wobei der metall-organische Katalysator wenigstens eine Hydroxygruppe an wenigstens einem Metallatom M aufweist.

POLYMERKONJUGIERTE MALONSÄUREDERIVATE UND DEREN VERWENDUNG ALS ARZNEITMITTEL UND ALS DIAGNOSTIKA

DERIVATIVES WITH A URONIC ACID STRUCTURE, THEIR PREPARATION AND THEIR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS

VERFAHREN ZUR AUFKONZENTRIERUNG WAESSRIGER LOESUNGEN VON ORGANISCHEN VERBINDUNGEN, DIE SALZE ENTHALTEN, UNTER GLEICHZEITIGER VERRINGERUNG DES SALZGEHALTES

STABILE RADIOJODKONJUGATE UND VERFAHREN ZU DEREN HERSTELLUNG

Kristalline pulverige Saccharide, ihre Herstellung und Verwendung

TREHALOSEVERBINDUNG UND ARZNEIMITTEL MIT DER VERBINDUNG

A method of manufacturing a product using a binder

A method of manufacturing a product comprises the steps of: i) Providing a collection of non-woven materials in the form of loose matter; ii) Treating the collection of loose matter with a substantially formaldehyde free binder solution having a pH of greater than 6 comprising: a carbohydrate, an acid precursor derivable from an inorganic salt which makes up at least 5% by dry weight of the uncured binder solution, a source of nitrogen and water; iii) Arranging the collection of loose matter treated with the binder solution in the form of a substrate; and iv) Curing the binder by applying a source of energy to the substrate. The product may be a mineral fibre insulation product. The carbohydrate may be dextrose; the acid precursor may be ammonium sulphate.

Pharmaceutical compositions having appetite suppressant activity

Binders and associated products

POLYSACCHARIDE AQUEOUS SOLUTION

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING HIGH-PURITY OLIGOGLUCOSYLFRUCTOSIDES

Intermediates in the synthesis of appetite suppressant steroid glycosides

Steroidal glycosides

A pharmaceutical composition contains an extract obtainable from a plant of the genus Trichocaulon or Hoodia containing an appetite suppressant agent having the formula (1). A process for obtaining the extract and a process for synthesizing compound (1) and its analogues and derivatives is also provided. The invention also extends to the use of such extracts and compound (1) and its analogues for the manufacture of medicaments having appetite suppressant activity. The invention further provides novel intermediates for the synthesis of compound (1).

Association product of alpha-glycosyl alpha, alpha-trehalose with ionic metal compound

An association product of a -glycosyl a , a -treholose with an ionic metal compound; a method for preparing the association product; and a use thereof. The above association product is a preparation of an ionic metal compound which is improved in properties such as deliquescence, reducing power, oxidizing power and slight solubility in water, which are not desirable for the industrial use thereof and are inherent in the ionic metal compound.

CRYSTALLINE ERLOSE HYDRATE

PREPARATION OF MANNOSE BISULPHITE ADDUCTS

... 1339770 Mannose bisulphite adducts ITT INDUSTRIES Inc 25 March 1971 [2 April 1970] 26764/72 Divided out of 1339769 Heading C2C Mannose bisulphite adducts are made by reacting a gross carbohydrate mixture with sufficient alkali metal and/or ammonium bisulphite to form bisulphite adducts of all the sugars present in the solution; fractionally crystallizing the mannose bisulphite adducts from the solution and recovering mannose bisulphite adduct crystals.

Microwave assisted citrus waste biorefinery

A solution of metal-polymer chelate(s) and applications thereof(cleaner)

PROCESS FOR MAKING L-SUGARS AND D-FRUCTOSE

Method for production of sugars from biomass

A process for the production of monosaccharides from biomass comprising cellulose and hemicellulose, the process comprising: adjusting pH of a biomass material to a value below pH 5 by adding inorganic acid; converting all cellulose and hemicellulose into monosaccharides by passing alternating electric current through the biomass, wherein the said step occurs in a monosaccharide production reactor. The biomass conversion into monosaccharides is preferably conducted at a pH range of 4.5-1, particularly 4.5-3.5; preferably at a temperature range of 70-160°C; and preferably at a pressure of 1-6 bara. The frequency of the alternating electric current is preferably in the range of 30-10000 Hz, particularly 50-60 Hz. The inorganic acid is preferably hydrochloric or sulfuric acid. The monosaccharide production reactor may be an ohmic heater. A monosaccharides production reactor comprising at least two electrodes contained within a cylindrical vessel having inlet and outlet ports at opposite ends ...

PROCESS FOR CONTINUOUS CRYSTALLIZATION OF ALPHA MONOHYDRATE DEXTROSE UTILIZING HIGH AGITATION

Process for making D-fructose

The invention relates to a method for producing D-fructose from D-glucose, which comprises the steps of: a) epimerizing D-glucose 1 to a mixture of D-glucose and D-mannose 3; b) separating said D-glucose 5 from the mixture with D-mannose; c) hydrogenating said D-mannose 6 to provide D-mannitol 9; d) oxidizing said D-mannitol to provide a solution of D-fructose 13; and e) crystallizing said D-fructose solution to provide crystals of D-fructose 15. D-Fructose is useful as a sweetener ener for foodstuffs.

HIGH-PURITY OLIGOGLUCOSYLFRUCTOSIDES

MANUFACTURING MORANOLINE DERIVATIVES

PREPARATION OF D-MANNITOL

Pharmaceutical compositions having appetite suppressant activity comprising an extract from a plant of the genus trichocaulon or hoodia

A pharmaceutical composition for use in suppressing appetite comprising as an active ingredient an extract obtained from a plant of the genus Trichocaulon or Hoodia. The invention further teaches a process for obtaining an extract having appetite suppressant activity. The invention also extends to the use of such extracts for the manufacture of medicaments having appetite suppressant activity and for treating and preventing obesity.

Method for preparing main hydrolysate by hydrolizing plant cellulose materials with concentrated sulfuric acid

Immunogenic composition

Pharmaceutical compositions having appetite suppressant activity

A pharmaceutical composition contains an extract obtainable from a plant of the genus Trichocaulon or Hoodia containing an appetite suppressant agent having the formula (1). A process for obtaining the extract and a process for synthesizing compound (1) and its analogues and derivatives is also provided. The invention also extends to the use of such extracts and compound (1) and its analogues for the manufacture of medicaments having appetite suppressant activity. The invention further provides novel intermediates for the synthesis of compound (1).

Pharmaceutical compositions having appetite suppresant activity

Immunogenic composition

Method for preparing main hydrolysate by hydrolyzing plant cellulose materials with concentrated sulfuric acid

Pharmaceutical compositions having appetie suppressant activity.

A pharmaceutical composition contains an extract obtainable from a plant of the genus Trichocaulon or Hoodia containing an appetite suppressant agent having the formula (1). A process for obtaining the extract and a process for synthesizing compound (1) and its analogues and derivatives is also provided. The invention also extends to the use of such extracts and compound (1) and its analogues for the manufacture of medicaments having appetite suppressant activity. The invention further provides novel intermediates for the synthesis of compound (1).

Sialyl lex analogues as inhibitors of cellular adhesion

New method of preparation of D-ribose.

Pharmaceutical compositions having appetite suppressant activity

Process of treatment of aqueous juice sweetened in order to separate and select saccharides with ketonic function.

Pharmaceutical compositions having appetite suppressants activity

Pharmaceutical compositions having appetite suppressants activity

Immunogenic composition

Pharmaceutical compositions having appetite suppresant activity

Pharmaceutical compositions having appetite suppressants activity

Pharmaceutical compositions having appetite suppressants activity

Method for preparing main hydrolysate by hydrolyzing plant cellulose materials with concentrated sulfuric acid

Immunogenic composition

Method for preparing main hydrolysate by hydrolyzing plant cellulose materials with concentrated sulfuric acid

New D-glucosamine derivs. used as ligands for enzymes, antibodies etc. - obtd. by reacting specified D-glucosamine and L-fucose derivs. in the presence of heavy metal salts

Preparation and use of fucosylated di- and trisaccharide derivatives of D-glucosamine disaccharide derivatives of the general formula I and II where R is alkenyl, aminoalkyl and R1 is acyl or hydrogen. Trisaccharide derivatives of the general formula III where Ra is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, aminoalkyl and R1 is hydrogen or acyl, methods for the preparation of these compounds and use for preparing reagents for determining antibodies and enzymes. ...

ANTITHROMBOTI CONNECTIONS

Methods and Systems for Processing Sugar Mixtures and Resultant Compositions

A method including: (a) selectively reacting a first sugar in a mixture which includes at least one second sugar to form a product mixture comprising a product of said first sugar; (b) separating said product of said first sugar from said product mixture; and (c) separating at least one of said at least one second sugar from said product mixture.

Novel method for the synthesis of a trisaccharide

The present invention relates to an improved synthesis of a trisaccharide of the formula, novel intermediates used in the synthesis and the preparation of the intermediates.

Use of dietary fibres against muscle wasting

A composition nutritional containing dietary fibres is useful for the treatment of muscle wasting, if the dietary fibre comprise at least 30 wt. % of galacto-oligosaccharides or other oligosaccharides having mainly anhydropyranose units, and having a chain length of 3-10 units. The composition may further contain other oligo- or polysaccharides, especially polysaccharides having a majority of anhydrofuranose units.

Economic Process for Producing Xylose from Hydrolysate Using Electrodialysis and Direct Recovery Method

The present invention relates to an environmentally friendly, simple and economic process for producing xylose. The process comprises the steps of: a) countercurrently extracting tropical fruit biomass by hydrolysis with sulfuric acid to obtain a high-concentration xylose extract; b) adjusting the extract to a pH of 1.5-2.5 and decolorizing and filtering the pH-adjusted extract; c) desalting the filtrate in an electrodialysis device; and d) recycling a waste sulfuric acid solution recovered from step c), to step a), and concentrating and directly recovering the desalted filtrate to obtain xylose crystals.

Enhanced soluble c5 saccharide yields

Methods are disclosed for increasing the level of soluble C 5 saccharides produced from lignocellulosic biomass comprising acidifying fractionated lignocellulosic biomass to prevent the recondensation of soluble C 5 saccharides, including C 5 oligosaccharides and xylose and arabinose monomers, to insoluble higher molecular weight C 5 oligosaccharides.

Use Of Purified 2'-Fucosyllactose, 3-Fucosyllactose and Lactodifucotetraose as Prebiotics

The invention provides compositions and methods for utilizing synthetic human milk oligosaccharides as prebiotics.

Process for manufacturing vaccines

The present application discloses an improved method for conducting saccharide—protein conjugation reactions using carbodiimide condensation chemistry. Depending on the nature of the saccharide or protein carrier involved, the quality of the conjugate may be improved by adding one of the reaction components slowly to the reaction mixture. Immunogenic compositions are further provided comprising the saccharide-protein conjugates made by the methods disclosed.

Benzocyanine compounds

Compounds useful as labels with properties comparable to known fluorescent compounds. The compounds are conjugated to proteins and nucleic acids for biological imaging and analysis. Synthesis of the compounds, formation and use of the conjugated compounds, and specific non-limiting examples of each are provided.

Methods for the recovery of hcl and for the production of carbohydrates

The invention provides an organic phase composition comprising: a. a first component selected from the group consisting of quaternary amines; b. a second component selected from: b1. The group consisting of category B organic acids; b2. The group consisting of a mixtures of category B organic acids and category C organic acids at a B/C molar ratio of RB/C; and b3. The group consisting of a mixtures of category A organic acids and category C organic acids at an A/C molar ratio of RA/C; c. a third component selected from the group consisting of solvents for said first component and for said second component, wherein (i) all three components are oil-soluble and water-insoluble; (ii) the molar concentration of each of said first component and said second component is greater than 0.6 mol/Kg; (iii) the molar ratio between said second component and said first component is greater than 0.9; (iv) RB/C and RA/c are greater than 2; (v) category A organic acids are selected from the group consisting of poly-aromatic sulfonic acids, naphthalene sulfonic acids and acids with a pKa in the range within +/−0.5 pKa units of that of naphthalene sulfonic acid; (vi) category B organic acids are selected from the group consisting of mono-aromatic sulfonic acids, benzene sulfonic acids, and acids with a pKa in the range within +/−0.5 pKa units of that of benzene sulfonic acid; and (vii) category C organic acids are selected from the group consisting of phosphoric acid esters and acids with a pKa in the range within +/−0.5 pKa units of that of di-octyl esters of phosphoric acid.

Process for the preparation of pteridine derivatives

The application discloses a process for the preparation of 5-deoxy-L-arabinose of formula (VI); comprising the conversion of a compound of formula (XII); wherein n is 0, 1 or 2; which can be used as intermediate for the synthesis of sapropterin.

Synthetic Oligosaccharides for Moraxella Vaccine

The present invention provides synthetic lipooligosaccharide (LOS)-based oligosaccharides and conjugates containing various serotype-specific oligosaccharide antigens or various core oligosaccharide structures or motifs corresponding to one or more of the three major serotypes and/or members within a given serotype. The oligosaccharides may be synthesized by a chemical assembly methodology relying on a limited number of monosaccharide and disaccharide building blocks. The invention further provides LOS-based immunogenic and immuno-protective compositions and antibodies derived therefrom for diagnosing, treating, and preventing infections caused by 298-. (canceled) The present invention relates to immunogenic and immunoprotective compositions and methods for making and using homogenous synthetic Moraxella catarrhalis lipooligosaccharide (LOS)-based oligosaccharides, conjugates, and antibodies derived therefrom.is an important human mucosal pathogen that contributes to otitis media in infants and exacerbates conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the elderly. In view of the increased incidence of infection and increased virulence and antibiotic resistance found in modern clinical isolates, there is a need to identify and develop new therapies targeting this pathogen. Currently, there is no vaccine approved for human use.The lipooligosaccharides (LOS) of share a high degree of structural homology across the three known serotypes (A, B and C), including a common glucose core, indicating the potential for broad based coverage if an antibody response to a common epitope can be elicited.The present invention provides a synthetically produced vaccine approach targeting the LOS cores of . Native LOSs are composed of branched oligosaccharides anchored to the cell membrane via a KDO-lipid A linker. The KDO-lipid A glycolipid motif is found in many species of gram negative bacteria (Edebrink et al., 295:127-146, 1996).There is evidence that an antibody ...

CRYPTIC GLYCAN MARKERS AND APPLICATIONS THEREOF

The present invention relates to a novel glycan marker of cancer and monoclonal antibodies against it. Furthermore, novel glycan markers and their use in the detection and monitoring of cancerous cells and cancer-associated or specific antibody signatures are described. 1. A glyco-epitope that is aberrantly expressed by tumor cells , including human melanoma (Trombelli , MM5) , prostate (PC3 , DU145 , LN-CAP) , breast (ZR75.1 , MDA-MB 468) , and ovarian cancer cell lines (PEA-1 , PEO-1 , SK-OV-3) and that is displayed by mannose-containing N-glycans of tumor cells and by high-mannose-cluster-carrier protein conjugates in carbohydrate microarrays.2. An antibody that specifically binds to the glyco-epitope of .3. The antibody of claim 2 , wherein said antibody is a mouse monoclonal claim 2 , mouse-human chimeric or humanized antibody claim 2 , or a functional fragment thereof.4. The antibody of claim 3 , that is an IgM antibody.5. The antibody of claim 3 , that is an IgG antibody.6. Monoclonal antibody TM 10 that specifically binds to the glyco-epitope of and that is produced by the hybridoma cell line TM10 and deposited with the ATCC on ______.7. Functional fragments of the monoclonal antibody of claim 6 , wherein the binding portion is selected from the group consisting of an Fab claim 6 , an F(ab′)2 fragment and an Fv fragment.8. The antibody of wherein the antibody is conjugated to a label that produces a detectable signal.9. The antibody of claim 8 , wherein the label is selected from the group consisting of a radiolabel claim 8 , an enzyme claim 8 , a chromophore and a fluorescer.10. Hybridoma cell line TM10 claim 8 , as deposited with the ATCC on ______.11. A method to detect cancerous cells or a portion thereof in a biological sample comprising: providing an antibody or binding portion thereof which recognizes the glyco-epitope of claim 8 , wherein the antibody is selected from claim 8 , claim 8 , or claim 8 , and wherein the antibody or binding portion ...

METHOD FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF A TRISACCHARIDE

The present invention relates to an improved synthesis of a trisaccharide of the formula (1), novel intermediates used in the synthesis and the preparation of the intermediates. 119-. (canceled)21. The method according to claim 20 , characterized in that the catalytic hydrogenolysis is carried out in water claim 20 , in one or more C-Calcohols claim 20 , in a mixture water and one or more C-Calcohols claim 20 , or in a mixture of water claim 20 , one or more C-Calcohols and acetic acid claim 20 , in the presence of palladium on charcoal or palladium black.22. The method according to claim 20 , characterized in that O-(2 claim 20 ,3 claim 20 ,4-tri-O-benzyl-α-L-fucopyranosyl)-(1→2)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-glucose of the general formula 1 in hydrated form claim 20 , in crystalline water free form or in a mixture of hydrated and crystalline water free forms is applied.24. The compound according to claim 23 , wherein Rand R claim 23 , independently from each other claim 23 , means benzyl claim 23 , 4-methylbenzyl claim 23 , benzyloxycarbonyl claim 23 , naphthylmethyl claim 23 , 3-phenylbenzyl claim 23 , 4-chlorobenzyl claim 23 , 4-methoxybenzyl claim 23 , 3 claim 23 ,4-dimethoxybenzyl claim 23 , 2 claim 23 ,4 claim 23 ,6-trimethylbenzyl or 2 claim 23 ,3 claim 23 ,4 claim 23 ,5 claim 23 ,6-pentamethylbenzyl claim 23 , benzyl or 4-methylbenzyl and Ris H.27. The method according to claim 26 , characterized in that the acid catalyzed mild hydrolysis is conducted in aqueous acetic acid solution.28. The method according to claim 26 , characterized in that compounds of general formula 2 claim 26 , wherein R and R′ mean methyl claim 26 , one of the Rand Rgroups or both Rand Rgroups are 4-methylbenzyl and Ris H claim 26 , is applied.31. The method according to claim 30 , characterized in that the acid catalyzed mild hydrolysis is carried out in ethyl acetate/acetonitrile/water wherein the proportion of the ethyl acetate is more than 40 v/v %.32. The method according to ...

GLYCOLIPID FOR TREATMENT OF ISCHEMIA REPERFUSION INJURY

The invention relates to a high molecular weight glycolipid characterized by the presence of rhamnose which has anti-inflammatory activity, particularly in inflammation triggered by ischemia and reperfusion. A further aspect of the invention is a process for preparation of said glycolipid from Cyanobacteria. 1. A glycolipid of general formula (I):{'br': None, 'sub': m', 'n, '(G)-(OCOR)\u2003\u2003(I)'}wherein,{'sub': 'm', '(G): is the total saccharidic fraction;'}{'sub': 'n', '(OCOR): is the total lipidic fraction;'}G is a saccharide;R is a linear hydrocarbon chain comprising from 12 to 24 carbon atoms;m is an integer from 50 to 150; andn is an integer from 2 to 5;wherein G, comprises at least one rhamnose unit.2. The glycolipid according to claim 1 , wherein G comprises at least one saccharide unit selected from the group consisting of galacturonic acid claim 1 , mannose claim 1 , galactose claim 1 , glucose claim 1 , glucosamine claim 1 , xylose and combinations thereof.3. The glycolipid according to claim 1 , wherein (G). comprises from 48 to 54% by weight of rhamnose (Rha) claim 1 , from 10 to 18% by weight of galacturonic acid (GalA) claim 1 , from 8 to 14% by weight of mannose (Man) claim 1 , from 8 to 14% by weight of galactose (Gal) claim 1 , from 2 to 9% by weight of glucose (Glc) claim 1 , from 2 to 6% by weight of glucosamine (GLcN) claim 1 , from 2 to 6% by weight of xylose (Xyl) with respect to the total saccharidic fraction (G)(100%).4. The glycolipid according to claim 1 , wherein R is a linear hydrocarbon chain comprising 18 carbon atoms [C] and wherein (OCO[C])is 45 to 65% by weight with respect to the total lipidic fraction (OCOR)(100%).5. (canceled)6. The glycolipid according to claim 4 , wherein R is a linear hydrocarbon chain comprising 16 carbon atoms [C] and wherein (OCO[C])is 20 to 45% by weight with respect to the total lipidic fraction (OCOR)(100%).7. (canceled)8. The glycolipid according to claim 1 , wherein when R is a linear hydrocarbon ...

POLYMORPHS OF 2'-O-FUCOSYLLACTOSE AND PRODUCING THEREOF

The present invention relates to novel polymorphs of the trisaccharide 2′-O-fucosyllactose (2-FL) of formula (1), methods for producing said polymorphs and their use in pharmaceutical or nutritional compositions. 1. Crystalline 2′-O-fucosyllactose polymorph II , characterized in that it displays X-ray powder diffraction reflections , based on a measurement using CuKα radiation , at 16.98±0.20 , 13.65±0.20 and 18.32±0.20 2Θ angles.2. The crystalline 2′-O-fucosyllactose polymorph II according to which is substantially pure.3. The crystalline 2′-O-fucosyllactose polymorph II according to which is substantially free from organic solvent and/or water.4. A method for producing crystalline 2′-O-fucosyllactose polymorph II according to claim 1 , characterized in that the crystallization is carried out from a solvent system comprising one or more C-Calcohols in the presence of seed crystals of crystalline 2′-O-fucosyllactose polymorph II according to .5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the C-Calcohol is methanol and/or ethanol.6. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the solvent system further contains water.7. A method for producing crystalline 2′-O-fucosyllactose polymorph II according to claim 1 , characterized in that syrupy 2-FL claim 1 , solid 2-FL comprising amorphous 2-FL or any 2-FL polymorph(s) different to polymorph II claim 1 , or a mixture of amorphous 2-FL and any 2-FL polymorph(s) different to polymorph II is suspended in one or more less polar aprotic organic solvent.8. The method according to wherein the less polar aprotic organic solvent is an ester type solvent.9. 2′-O-Fucosyllactose polymorph I in polycrystalline or single crystal form claim 7 , characterized in that it displays X-ray powder diffraction reflections claim 7 , based on a measurement using CuKα radiation claim 7 , at 21.34±0.20 claim 7 , 20.92±0.20 and 18.37±0.20 2Θ angles.10. The crystalline 2′-O-fucosyllactose polymorph I according to in single crystal form claim 9 , ...

Immunogenic composition

The present application discloses an immunogenic composition comprising a Hib saccharide conjugate, at least one additional bacterial, for example N. meningitidis, saccharide conjugate(s), and a further antigen selected from the group consisting of whole cell pertussis and hepatitis B surface antigen, wherein the saccharide dose of the Hib saccharide conjugate is less than 5 μg.

COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING C5 AND C6 OLIGOSACCHARIDES

Compositions comprising C5 and C6 saccharides of varying degrees of polymerization and low levels of undesirable impurities, such as compounds containing sulfur, nitrogen, or metals, are disclosed. 1. A composition , comprising:at least one water-soluble C5 oligosaccharide hydrolysate;optionally, at least one water-soluble C5 monosaccharide hydrolysate; and 'wherein said elements are Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Pb, S, Sb, Se, Si, Sn, Sr, Ti, Tl, V, and Zn.', 'less than about 3700 ppm in total by weight, based on total weight of said water-soluble C5 oligosaccharide hydrolysate and said water-soluble C5 monosaccharide hydrolysate in said composition, of elements;'}2. A composition of claim 1 ,wherein said water-soluble C5 oligosaccharide hydrolysate comprises a C6 oligosaccharide having a degree of polymerization of at least about 2 to about 28.3. A composition of claim 1 ,wherein said water-soluble C5 oligosaccharide hydrolysate comprises a C5 oligosaccharide having a degree of polymerization of at least about 2 to about 16.4. A composition of claim 1 ,wherein said water-soluble C5 oligosaccharide hydrolysate comprises a C5 oligosaccharide having a degree of polymerization of at least about 2 to about 10.5. A composition of claim 1 ,wherein said water-soluble C5 oligosaccharide hydrolysate comprises a C6 oligosaccharide having a degree of polymerization of at least about 2 to about 5.6. A composition of claim 1 , further comprising:at least one water-soluble C5 monosaccharide hydrolysate.7. A composition of claim 6 ,wherein said water-soluble C5 monosaccharide hydrolysate is xylose, arabinose, lyxose, ribose, or a mixture thereof.8. A composition of claim 1 ,wherein the ratio of the total weight of said water-soluble C5 oligosaccharide hydrolysate and said water-soluble C5 monosaccharide hydrolysate in said composition is greater than about 75:1.9. A composition of claim 1 , further comprising:less than about 10 ppm by ...

COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING C5 AND C6 OLIGOSACCHARIDES

Compositions comprising C5 and C6 saccharides of varying degrees of polymerization and low levels of undesirable impurities, such as compounds containing sulfur, nitrogen, or metals, are disclosed. 1. A composition , comprising:at least one water-soluble C6 oligosaccharide hydrolysate;optionally, at least one water-soluble C6 monosaccharide hydrolysate; andless than about 5250 ppm in total by weight, based on total weight of said water-soluble C6 oligosaccharide hydrolysate and said water-soluble C6 monosaccharide hydrolysate in said composition, of elements;wherein said elements are Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Pb, S, Sb, Se, Si, Sn, Sr, Ti, Tl, V, and Zn.2. A composition of claim 1 ,wherein said water-soluble C6 oligosaccharide hydrolysate comprises a C6 oligosaccharide having a degree of polymerization of about 2 to about 15.3. A composition of claim 1 ,wherein said water-soluble C6 oligosaccharide hydrolysate comprises a C6 oligosaccharide having a degree of polymerization of about 2 to about 13.4. A composition of claim 1 ,wherein said water-soluble C6 oligosaccharide hydrolysate comprises a C6 oligosaccharide having a degree of polymerization of about 2 to about 10.5. A composition of claim 1 ,wherein said water-soluble C6 oligosaccharide hydrolysate comprises a C6 oligosaccharide having a degree of polymerization of about 2 to about 6.6. A composition of claim 1 , further comprising:at least one water-soluble C6 monosaccharide hydrolysate.7. A composition of claim 6 ,wherein said water-soluble C6 monosaccharide hydrolysate is glucose, galactose, mannose, fructose, or a mixture thereof.8. A composition of claim 1 ,wherein the ratio of the total weight of said water-soluble C6 oligosaccharide hydrolysate and said water-soluble C6 monosaccharide hydrolysate to said elements is greater than about 45:1.9. A composition of claim 1 , further comprising:less than about 10 ppm by weight, based on total weight of said water- ...

USE OF MODIFIED OLIGO-B-(1,3)-GLUCANES FOR TREATING DISEASES OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM OLIGO-B-(1,3V-GLUCANE-(1,3)-MANNOSE, OLIGO-B-(1,3)-GLUCANE-(1,3)-MANNITOL AND DERIVATIVES THEREOF, METHODS FOR PREPARING THE SAME AND DRUGS CONTAINING THEM

The present invention relates to the use of at least one compound of formula (III), (IV), (V) or (VI), in which p is an integer from 0 to 9; and R2 represents hydrogen, allyl, methylnaphthyl, benzyl, paramethoxybenzyl, or halogenoacetyl, for the preparation of a medicament for treating diseases such as tumors, cancer, viral disease, bacterial disease, fungal disease, disease of the immune system, auto-immune disease or disease linked to a deficiency in immunostimulation, in human beings and warm-blooded animals. The invention also relates to new products having a mannose or mannitol termination as well as a method for preparing them. 2. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein p is an integer from 0 to 6.3. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein p is equal to 2 claim 1 , 3 or 4.4. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein the halogenoacetyl group of R2 is selected from the group consisting of chloroacetyl claim 1 , bromoacetyl and iodoacetyl.5. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein the trialkylsilyl group of R3 claim 1 , R4 claim 1 , R3′ claim 1 , R4′ and R5 is selected from the group consisting of triethylsilyl claim 1 , tri-iso-propylsilyl and tertiobutyldimethylsilyl.6. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein the ester group of R3 claim 1 , R4 claim 1 , R3′ and R4′ is selected from the group consisting of acetyl claim 1 , chloroacetyl claim 1 , benzoyl claim 1 , and pivaloyl.7. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein R5 represents a levulinoyl group.8. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein the ester group of R7 is selected from the group consisting of acetyl claim 1 , benzoyl claim 1 , and pivaloyl.9. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein the ester group of R7 represents a benzoyl group.10. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein R8 represents Bn. This application is a Divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/520,612, filed Mar. 12, 2010, which is a 371 application of PCT/FR2007/052595, filed Dec. 20, 2007, all of said ...

THERMOSTABLE ENZYME TECHNOLOGY FOR ALGAL BIOCONVERSION

Thermostable enzyme technology for algal bioconversion The present invention relates to thermostable enzyme systems suitable for use in the production of biofuels and bio-products from algae, and to a method of producing energy feedstocks, stocks, specifically (i) fermentable sugars and (ii) lipid fractions from algae, for the production of biofuels such as bioethanol, biobutanol and bio-oils or biodiesel, as well as other value-added biomolecules (e.g. proteins, peptides, oils, pigments, nucleic acids). 1Talaromyces emersonii. A method of producing fermentable sugars from algal biomass comprising hydrolysing the dried biomass with an enzyme composition , the enzyme composition being derived from which has been grown in the presence of carob powder , or in the presence of a mixture of tea leaves and paper plates , or in the presence of algae and isolating the sugars from the resultant hydrolysate.2. A method as claimed in wherein the algal biomass is dried prior to hydrolysis.3. A method as claimed in wherein the algal biomass does not undergo chemical or extensive mechanical pretreatment prior to hydrolysis.4. A method as claimed in wherein the carob powder claim 1 , or the tea leaves and paper plates are present in the growth medium in an amount of about 2%(w/v).5. A method as claimed in wherein the algae are present in the growth medium in an amount of about 2%(w/v).6. A method as claimed in wherein cultures grown on algae are prepared from cells grown on carob powder or tea leaves and paper plates in the growth medium in an amount of about 2%(w/v).7. A method as claimed in wherein the hydrolysis is carried out for at least 18 hours.8. A method as claimed in wherein the hydrolysis is carried out for at least 6-24 hours.9. A method as claimed in wherein a ratio of enzyme to algal biomass of 0.5mL suitably diluted unconcentrated enzyme system (i.e. fermentation broth) to 50-500 mg algal biomass (dry weight) is used.10Laminaria saccharina, SargussumPalmaria ...

COMPOSITION SUPPRESSING MATRIX-METALLOPROTEINASE ACTIVITY

An object of the present invention is to provide a composition having the effect of suppressing matrix metalloproteinase activity. Specifically, the present invention relates to a composition suppressing matrix metalloproteinase activity containing a glycolysis inhibitor as an active ingredient. 1. A composition suppressing matrix metalloproteinase activity , containing , as an active ingredient , a glycolysis inhibitor selected from the group consisting of 2-deoxyglucose , a derivative and a salt thereof.2. (canceled)3. The composition suppressing matrix metalloproteinase activity of claim 1 , wherein the matrix metalloproteinase is a matrix metalloproteinase in macrophages.4. The composition suppressing matrix metalloproteinase activity of claim 1 , wherein the matrix metalloproteinase is matrix metalloproteinase-9.5. A therapeutic agent for matrix metalloproteinase-activation-related diseases containing claim 1 , as an active ingredient claim 1 , the composition suppressing matrix metalloproteinase activity of .6. The therapeutic agent for matrix metalloproteinase-activation-related diseases of claim 5 , wherein the matrix metalloproteinase-activation-related diseases are atherosclerosis or abdominal aortic aneurysm.7. A composition regulating expression of an atherosclerosis-related or an abdominal aortic aneurysm-related gene containing claim 5 , as an active ingredient claim 5 , a glycolysis inhibitor selected from the group consisting of 2-deoxyglucose claim 5 , a derivative and a salt thereof.8. The composition regulating expression of the atherosclerosis-related or the abdominal aortic aneurysm-related gene of claim 7 , wherein the atherosclerosis-related or the abdominal aortic aneurysm-related gene is selected from the group consisting of a gene encoding a chemokine claim 7 , a gene encoding an inflammatory cytokine and an SIRT-1 gene.9. The composition regulating expression of the atherosclerosis-related or the abdominal aortic aneurysm-related gene of ...

GLYCOCONJUGATES AND THEIR USE AS POTENTIAL VACCINES AGAINST INFECTION BY SHIGELLA FLEXNERI

A conjugate molecule comprising an oligo- or polysaccharide covalently bound to a carrier and its use as potential vaccine against infection by 1. A conjugate molecule comprising an oligo- or polysaccharide selected from the group consisting of:{'sub': x', 'y, '(X)-{B(E)C}-(Y)'}{'sub': x', 'y, '(X)-{(E)CD}-*Y)'}{'sub': x', 'y, '(X)-{AB(E)C}-(Y)'}{'sub': x', 'y, '(X)-{B(E)CD}-(Y)'}{'sub': x', 'y, '(X)-{(E)CDA}-(Y)'}{'sub': x', 'y, '(X)-{DAB(E)C}n-(Y)'}{'sub': x', 'y, '(X)-{B(E)CDA}n-(Y)'}{'sub': x', 'y, '(X)-{(E)CDAB}n-(Y)'}{'sub': x', 'y, '(X)-{AB(E)CD}n-(Y)'}{'sub': x', 'y, '(X)-{DAB(E)CD}-(Y)'}{'sub': x', 'y, '(X)-{B(E)CDAB(E)C}-(Y)'}wherein:A is an alphaLRhap-(1,2) residueB is an alphaLRhap-(1,3) residueC is an alphaLRhap-(1,3) residueE is an alphaDGlcp-(1,4) residueD is a betaDGlcNAcp-(1,2) residuex and y are independently selected among 0 and 1X and Y are independently selected among A, B, C, D, E, AB, B(E), (E)C, CD, DA, AB(E), B(E)C, (E)CD, CDA, AB(E)C, B(E)CD, (E)CDA, CDAB, DAB(E) and wherein n is an integer comprised between 1 and 10 covalently bound to a carrier.2. A molecule according to wherein n is comprised between 2 and 6.3. A molecule according to wherein the carrier is selected among a protein or a peptide comprising at least one T-cell epitope claim 1 , or a derivative thereof.4. A molecule according to claim 3 , wherein the carrier is the peptide PADRE.5. A molecule according to claim 3 , wherein the carrier is the tetanus toxoid.6. A molecule according to claim 1 , wherein the carrier is biotin.7. A molecule according to claim 1 , wherein the saccharide is directly bound to the carrier.8. A molecule according to claim 1 , wherein the saccharide is bound to the carrier via a spacer.9. A molecule according to claim 1 , wherein the saccharide to carrier ratio is comprised between 1:1 and 30:1.10. A molecule according to claim 1 , wherein the saccharide is selected among the tetrasaccharides and pentasaccharides and their oligomers.11. A molecule ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING L-FUCOSE

Method for producing L-fucose includes in a first aspect, a method for the preparation of L-fucose, wherein L-fucose precursors are produced from pectin and L-fucose is produced from the L-fucose precursors; in a second aspect, a method for the preparation of L-fucose from D-galacturonic acid or a salt thereof, wherein L-fucose precursors are produced from D-galacturonic acid of a salt thereof, and L-fucose is produced from the L-fucose precursors; and an L-fucose precursor as shown in Formula A, wherein R is a linear or branched chain saturated hydrocarbon group with 1-6 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, n-hexyl, etc., preferably a methyl group. 1. A method of producing L-fucose from D-galacturonic acid or a salt thereof , comprising:a) producing at least one L-fucose precursor from D-galacturonic acid or a salt thereof, andb) producing L-fucose from the at least one L-fucose precursor.2. The method according to claim 1 , comprising:a) producing L-galactonic acid, a salt thereof or L-galactonic acid γ-lactone from D-galacturonic acid or a salt thereof, andb) producing L-fucose from L-galactonic acid, a salt thereof, or L-galactonic acid γ-lactone.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the production of L-galactonic acid claim 2 , a salt thereof or its γ-lactone from D-galacturonic acid or a salt thereof comprises the treatment of D-galacturonic acid or a D-galacturonate salt with NaBH.4. The method according to claim 1 , comprising:a) producing 6-bromo-6-deoxy-L-galactonic acid alkyl ester or 6-bromo-6-deoxy-L-galactonolactone from D-galacturonic acid or a salt thereof, andb) producing L-fucose from 6-bromo-6-deoxy-L-galactonic acid alkyl ester or 6-bromo-6-deoxy-L-galactonolactone.5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein a) comprises producing L-galactonic acid claim 4 , a salt thereof or its γ-lactone from D-galacturonic acid or a salt thereof and producing 6-bromo-6-deoxy-L-galactonic acid ...

TANNIN INHIBITORS OF HIV

The invention provides a method to prevent or treat HIV-infection with synthetic tannins, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising synthetic tannins. 2. The method of wherein n is 1 claim 1 , m is 1 claim 1 , and p is 1.3. The method of wherein Ris CH.4. The method of wherein Rand Rare G or H.5. The method of wherein Ris G or H.6. The method of wherein Ris H or G and Ris H or G.7. The method of wherein Rand Rare H.8. The method of wherein Ris H.11. The method of wherein n is 0.13. The method of wherein Ror Ris CH.14. The method of wherein Rand/or Rare G.15. The method of wherein n is 1 claim 1 , m is 0 and p is 0.17. The method of wherein Rand/or Rare G.18. The method of wherein Ror Rare CH.20. The method of wherein Ris G.21. The method of wherein Rand Rare H.23. The method of wherein Rand/or Rare G.24. The method of wherein Ris H. This application claims priority of U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 61/614,792, filed Mar. 23, 2012, which is incorporated by reference herein.This invention was made with the support of the National Institutes of Health under Grant No. P50 AT004155. The U.S. Government has certain rights in the invention.With more than 33 million people currently infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and 2 million additional individuals infected each year, there is a worldwide imperative to reduce transmission of this deadly virus. Worldwide, sexual transmission is the primary route of new virus infections. Strategies to reduce spread of this virus can be achieved by reducing virus loads in currently infected individuals (and thereby reducing levels of virus exposure) and/or by blocking sexual transmission by the use of effective and safe microbicides.Clinically useful anti-retrovirals target a number of steps of the HIV-1 life cycle including co-receptor (CCR5) binding, virus membrane/cellular membrane fusion, reverse transcription, integration and proteolytic processing. See, e.g. Martins et al., 15, 1083 (2008). Combination ...

Glycomimetic compounds as anti-infectious against pathogens lectins

The present invention relates to a calixarene-based glycosylated compound (I) having the formula: (I) wherein D is independently selected in the group comprising a —CH 2 -group, an oxygen atom, a sulphur atom, a sulfinyl group or a sulfonyl group, E is independently selected in the group comprising a hydrogen, an alkyl having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl having from 6 to 20 carbon atoms, a nitrogen dioxide group, an azide group, an amino group, a guanidinium group, a halogen atom, a —CH 2 R group wherein R is a hydroxyl, a halogen, an amino group, a N(alkyl) 2 group, a NH(alkyl) group, or E represents a —CO—R′ wherein R′ is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group or an amino, B represents a A-C group wherein A is independently selected in the group comprising an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a NH group or a (CH 2 ) i group, i being an integer from 1 to 10, C is independently selected in the group comprising a hydrogen, an alkyl, an alkenyl, an alkynyl, or C is a group of formula (II). The present invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition characterized in that it comprises the said calixarene-based glycosylated compound (I), in combination with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or diluents. The present invention also relates to the use of the said calixarene-based glycosylated compound (I) or the said pharmaceutical composition, for the manufacture of a drug intended to prevent or treat bacterial infections from pathogens that use lectins in the first steps of infection.

STEM CELL SUSPENSION

The present invention provides a mammalian stem cell suspension containing mammalian stem cells and at least one polysaccharide such as trehalose, and the like; a mammalian stem cell aggregation inhibitor containing polysaccharide such as trehalose, and the like; a method of suppressing aggregation of mammalian stem cells, containing suspending the mammalian stem cells in an aqueous physiological solution containing polysaccharide; an inhibitor of a decrease in the survival rate of mammalian stem cells containing polysaccharide such as trehalose and the like; a method of suppressing a decrease in the survival rate of mammalian stem cells, containing suspending the mammalian stem cells in an aqueous physiological solution containing polysaccharides, and the like. 110-. (canceled)11. A mammalian stem cell aggregation inhibitor comprising at least one polysaccharide selected from the group consisting of trehalose , hydroxyethylstarch and dextran.12. The mammalian stem cell aggregation inhibitor according to claim 11 , wherein the stem cell is an adhesive stem cell.13. The mammalian stem cell aggregation inhibitor according to claim 12 , wherein the adhesive stem cell is a mesenchymal stem cell or a pluripotent stem cell.14. The mammalian stem cell aggregation inhibitor according to claim 11 , wherein the polysaccharide is trehalose claim 11 , which inhibitor is used such that the concentration of trehalose in a mammalian stem cell suspension is within the range of 4.53-362.4 mg/ml.15. The mammalian stem cell aggregation inhibitor according to claim 11 , wherein the polysaccharide is dextran claim 11 , which inhibitor is used such that the concentration of dextran is within the range of 30-100 mg/ml.16. A method of suppressing aggregation of mammalian stem cells claim 11 , comprising suspending the mammalian stem cells in an aqueous physiological solution containing at least one polysaccharide selected from the group consisting of trehalose claim 11 , hydroxyethylstarch ...

MANNOSE DERIVATIVES FOR TREATING BACTERIAL INFECTIONS

The present invention relates to compounds useful for the treatment or prevention of bacteria infections. These compounds have formula I: 2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein{'sub': 8', '8', '2', 'm', '8', '8', '8', '2', '8', '2', '8', '8', '2', '8', '1', '6', '1', '6', '1', '6', '1', '6', 'n', '1-6', '8', '1-6', '8', '1-6', '1', '6, 'sup': '10', 'Y is absent, or is —NR, —O—, —S—, —C(O)—, —C(R)(OH)—, —C(O)N(R)(CH)—, —N(R)C(O)O—, —OC(O)NR—, —NRSO—, —NR—C(O)—, —SO—, —NRC(O)NR—, —S(O)—, —SONR, —(C-C)alkyl-, —(C-C)alkenyl-, —(C-C)alkynyl-, —(O—(C-Calkyl))-, —O—(Calkyl)NRC(O)—, —O—(Calkyl)C(O)NR, —O—(Calkyl)-C(O)—, or —((C-C)alkyl)-O—;'}{'sub': 3A', '3B', '10', '3', '10', '2', '2', 'n', '4', '2', 'n', '4', '2', 'n', '4', '2', '4', '4', '2', '4', '4', '2', '4', '4', '2', '4', '4', '2', '4', '4', '4', '2', '4', '4', '4', '2', '4', '2, 'each Rand Ris independently —OH, —CN, halogen, —C(R), —C(R)OH, —(CH)OR, —(CH)C(O)OR, —(CH)N(R), —C(O)OR, —C(O)N(R), —N(R)C(O)(R), —OC(O)NHR, —NHC(O)OR, —NHSOR, —NH—C(O)R, —SO—R, —NHC(O)NHR, —S(O)R, —SONHR, —SR, —P(O)(OR), or —P(O)(R); and'}{'sub': 4A', '10', '3', '10', '2', '2', 'n', '4', '2', 'n', '4', '2', 'n', '4', '2', '4', '4', '2', '4', '4', '2', '4', '4', '2', '4', '4', '2', '4', '4', '4', '2', '4', '4', '4', '2', '4', '2, 'Ris —OH, —CN, halogen, —C(R), —C(R)OH, —(CH)OR, —(CH)C(O)OR, —(CH)N(R), —C(O)OR, —C(O)N(R), —N(R)C(O)(R), —OC(O)NHR, —NHC(O)OR, —NHSOR, —NH—C(O)R, —SO—R, —NHC(O)NHR, —S(O)R, —SONHR, —SR, —P(O)(OR), —P(O)(R); and'}{'sup': '7', 'Ris H or mannosyl.'}3. The compound of claim 1 , wherein:X is —OH;{'sub': 8', '2', '1', '6', '1', '6', '1', '6', '1', '6', 'n', '1-6', '8', '1-6', '8', '1-6', '1', '6, 'sup': '10', 'Y is absent, or is —NR, —O—, —S—, —C(O)—, —C(R)(OH)—, —SO—, —S(O)—, —(C-C)alkyl, —(C-C)alkenyl, —(C-C)alkynyl, —(O—(C-Calkyl))-, —O(Calkyl)N—RC(O)—, —O—(Calkyl)-C(O)NR, —O—(Calkyl)C(O)—, or —((C-C)alkyl)-O—;'}{'sub': 2', '6-10', '6-10', '1', '6', '2', '6-10', '6-10', '1', '6, 'Ris Caryl, (Caryl)-(C-Calkyl)-, or 5- ...

Use of saccharides cross-reactive with bacillus anthracis spore glycoprotein as a vaccine against anthrax

Provided are immunogenic compositions and methods for eliciting an immune response against B. anthracis and other bacteria that contain 3-methyl-3-hydroxybutyrate- or 3-hydroxybutryate-substituted saccharides. Conjugates of 3-methyl-3-hydroxybutyrate- or 3-hydroxybutryate-substituted saccharides elicit an effective immune response against B. anthracis spores in mammalian hosts to which the conjugates are administered.

ACTIVE INGREDIENT WITH CUTANEOUS APPLICATION OBTAINED FROM METSCHNIKOWIA AGAVES AND USES FOR IMPROVING THE STATE OF THE SKIN

An active ingredient with cutaneous application obtained from as well as its use for preventing and/or combating ageing of the skin and its visible manifestations, and cosmetic compositions including this active ingredient and to a cosmetic process for skin care. 1Metschnikowia agaves.. An active ingredient intended for use in a composition with cutaneous application , obtained from2. The active ingredient according to claim 1 , comprising carbohydrates.3. The active ingredient according to claim 1 , comprising oligosaccharides.4. The active ingredient according claim 3 , wherein the oligosaccharides have a degree of polymerization of between 2 and 42.5. The active ingredient according to claim3 claim 3 , wherein the oligosaccharides are α-glucan oligosaccharides and β-glucan oligosaccharides and have a degree of polymerization of between 2 and 17.6. The active ingredient according to claim 3 , wherein the oligosaccharides are at least 63% by weight of total sugars present in the active ingredient.7Metschnikowia agaves. The active ingredient according to claim 1 , wherein the active ingredient is a hydrolyzate.8. The active ingredient according to claim 1 , wherein the active ingredient is in a liquid form claim 1 , and the active ingredient has:a level of dry materials of between 35 and 50 g/l, anda total sugar level of between 16 and 24 g/l.9. A method for improving the state of the skin comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'cutaneously applying to the skin of a subject in need thereof, an effective amount of a cosmetic composition comprising said active ingredient according to , wherein said active ingredient and/or said composition improve the state of skin.'}10. The method according to claim 9 , wherein said active ingredient and/or said composition improves the state of skin by combating the ageing of the skin.11. The method according to claim 9 , wherein said active ingredient and/or said composition improves the state of skin by ...

Processing biomass

Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, systems can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials, to produce ethanol and/or butanol, e.g., by fermentation.

Composition comprising an elicitor of the plant immune system

The present invention generally relates to new plant elicitor compositions, and the use of these compositions in agricultural applications, more particularly to protect plants against (infection by) plant pathogens and the corresponding methods of, and uses in, the protection of plants and crops by application of these compositions.

SACCHARIDE POLYCONDENSATE, METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME, AND APPLICATION THEREFOR

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a saccharide polycondensate which is inexpensive and is applicable to a food or beverage product. Disclosed is a method for producing a saccharide polycondensate, which comprises carrying out a saccharide polycondensation reaction in the presence of activated carbon. 1. A method for producing a saccharide polycondensate or a reduced product thereof , which comprises polycondensing one or more saccharides or derivatives thereof in the presence of activated carbon.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the saccharide is selected from a monosaccharide claim 1 , an oligosaccharide claim 1 , and a polysaccharide.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a polycondensation reaction is carried out under normal or reduced pressure.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the polycondensation reaction is carried out under a temperature of 100° C. to 300° C.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a saccharide polycondensate or a reduced product thereof is produced as a saccharide polycondensate composition.6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the content of a dietary fiber in the saccharide polycondensate composition is 30% by weight or more.7. A saccharide polycondensate or a reduced product thereof claims 1 , or a saccharide polycondensate composition claims 1 , which is produced by the method according to .8. A food or beverage product claim 7 , which is obtained by adding thereto the saccharide polycondensate or the reduced product thereof claim 7 , or a saccharide polycondensate composition according to .9. The food or beverage product according to claim 8 , which further comprises a high intensity sweetener.10. The food or beverage product according to claim 9 , which is a beverage.11. The food or beverage product according to claim 10 , wherein the beverage is a carbonated beverage claim 10 , an isotonic sport beverage claim 10 , a beverage containing fruit juice claim 10 ...

METHODS FOR PURIFYING MONOSACCHARIDE MIXTURES CONTAINING IONIC IMPURITIES

Disclosed herein are methods for separating ionic impurities from monosaccharide processing streams using simulated moving bed chromatography. 1. A method of separating an ionic impurity from a monosaccharide-containing process stream , comprising:a. contacting an ion exclusion resin within a simulated moving bed chromatography unit with the monosaccharide-containing process stream; andb. eluting the ion exclusion resin with water to produce an extract stream that comprises monosaccharides and a raffinate stream that comprises the ionic impurity,thereby separating the ionic impurity from the monosaccharide-containing process stream.2. A method of separating an ionic impurity from a saccharide-containing process stream , comprising:a. providing the saccharide containing process stream, wherein the process stream further comprises an inorganic dianion;b. contacting an ion exclusion resin within a simulated moving bed chromatography unit with the saccharide-containing process stream; andc. eluting the ion exclusion resin with an aqueous eluent to produce an extract stream that comprises saccharides and a raffinate stream comprises the ionic impurity,thereby separating the ionic impurity from the saccharide-containing process stream.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method is continuous.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising isolating the extract steam that comprises the monosaccharides or saccharides.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising isolating the raffinate stream that comprises water soluble inorganic and organic salts of sodium and ammonium.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the water soluble inorganic salts of sodium and ammonium comprise sodium sulfate and ammonium sulfate.7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the water soluble organic salts of sodium and ammonium comprise sodium aldonate and ammonium aldonates.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the monosaccharide or saccharide containing process stream comprises an L-monosaccharide.9. The ...

Noncarious material and anticarious agent containing rare sugar

To provide a composition for preventing periodontal diseases (prophylactic agent of periodontal diseases), the composition having an excellent cariostatic property, being safe and stable for prolonged use and having less effects on flavor. A non-cariogenic material prepared by blending a rare sugar in the D form as selected from the group consisting of D-psicose, D-sorbose and D-tagatose, a rare sugar in the L form as selected from L-fructose, L-psicose and L-tagatose, or allitol as a rare sugar derivative, singly or in combination. A cariostatic agent comprising D-psicose, D-sorbose, D-tagatose, L-fructose, L-psicose and/or L-tagatose. A cariostatic agent in combination with catechins.

Ophthalmic pharmaceutical composition

The present invention has an object to provide an ophthalmic pharmaceutical composition, particularly, an ophthalmic solution, ophthalmic ointment, ophthalmic wash, intraocular infusion solution, wash for anterior chamber, internal medicine, injection, or preservative for extracted cornea, which has improved therapeutic and/or prophylactic effects on the swelling, edema and walleye/cloudiness in the lens and/or the cornea induced by ophthalmic diseases including cataract and which is safe and successively used for a relatively long period of time. The present invention solves the above object by providing an ophthalmic pharmaceutical composition incorporated with a saccharide having a basic structure consisting of four glucose molecules bound together in a cyclic manner via a specific binding fashion.

HEPTOSE DERIVATIVES FOR USE IN THE TREATMENT OF BACTERIAL INFECTIONS

Compounds having the general formula (I) pharmaceutical compositions containing them for use in inhibiting bacterial heptose biosynthesis and thereby lowering or suppressing bacterial virulence. 2. The compounds according to claim 1 , in which at least one of W1 and W2 is H claim 1 , and X is O claim 1 , S claim 1 , CHor NH claim 1 , and Y is H claim 1 , P(O)(OZ1)(OZ2) or P(O)(OZ1)(NHZ2).3. The compounds according to claim 1 , in which X is O and Y is H.4. The compounds according to claim 1 , in which W1 and W2 are H.5. The compounds according to claim 1 , in which X is CH claim 1 , CHF or CFand Y is P(O) (OZ1) (OZ2).6. The compounds according to claim 1 , which are drugs.7. The compounds according to claim 1 , which are inhibitors of bacterial heptose synthesis.9. The pharmaceutical compositions according to formulated to be administered under oral claim 8 , parenteral claim 8 , and injectable routes claim 8 , with individual doses appropriate for the patient to be treated.10. The pharmaceutical compositions according to claim 8 , in combination with at least one antibacterial.11. The pharmaceutical compositions according to claim 8 , in combination with at least one antivirulence agent.12. The pharmaceutical compositions according to claim 8 , in combination with one or more drug(s) reinforcing the host innate immunity.13Escherichia coli, Enterobacter, Salmonella, Shigella, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Neisseria, Klebsiella, Serratia, Citrobacter, Proteus, Yersinia, Haemophilus, Legionella, MoraxellaHelicobacter pylori.. The pharmaceutical compositions according to claim 8 , preventing or therapeutically treating severe infections due to Gram-negative bacteria able to disseminate in blood such as the non-limiting following species (spp.): and15. The method according to claim 14 , wherein W1 and/or W2 is H claim 14 , and X is O claim 14 , S claim 14 , CHor NH claim 14 , and Y is H claim 14 , P(O)(OZ1)(OZ2) or P(O)(OZ1)(NHZ2).16. The method according to claim 14 , ...

NOVEL FUCOSYLTRANSFERASES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS

The present invention relates to nucleic acid and amino acid sequences from serogroup O126, coding for/representing a novel alpha-1,2-fucosyltransferase. The invention also provides uses and methods for using the alpha-1,2-fucosyltransferase to generate fucosylated products, such as oligosaccharides, (glyco)proteins, or (glyco)lipids, in particular oligosaccharides found in human milk, such as 2′-fucosyllactose. 1. An isolated host cell for the production of a fucosylated oligosaccharide , the host cell comprising a nucleic acid sequence consisting of a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide with alpha-1 ,2-fucosyltransferase activity and comprising a sequence selected from the group consisting of , a) the nucleic acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 , b) a nucleic acid sequence complementary to SEQ ID NO: 1 , or c) nucleic acid sequences which hybridize under stringent conditions to the nucleic acid sequences defined in a) and b) or their complementary strands , wherein the nucleic acid sequence is a sequence foreign to the host cell and wherein the nucleic acid sequence is integrated in the genome of the host cell , or containing a vector comprising said nucleic acid sequence , wherein the nucleic acid sequence being operably linked to control sequences recognized by a host cell transformed with the vector.2. The isolated host cell according to claim 1 , wherein the host cell is selected from the group consisting of fungi including yeast claim 1 , bacteria claim 1 , insect claim 1 , animal and plant cells.3Escherichia coli. The isolated host cell according to claim 1 , wherein the host cell is an cell.4. The isolated host cell according to claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid sequence consisting of the polypeptide encoding the polypeptide with alpha-1 claim 1 ,2-fucosyltransferase activity is adapted to the codon usage of the respective cell.5. A method for producing fucosylated oligosaccharides comprising the steps of:a) providing a polypeptide with alpha-1,2- ...

NOVEL GLYCOSYL PHOSPHITES

The present invention relates to providing compounds of general formula 1 2. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein A is a protected sialyl or fucosyl moiety claim 1 , and R is optionally substituted aryl.5. A method for producing a compound of general formula 1 as defined in claim 1 , characterized in that a compound of formula A-OH claim 1 , wherein A means a protected glycosyl residue of a mono- claim 1 , di- or oligosaccharide is{'sub': '2', 'a) reacted with a compound (RO)PY wherein R is selected from optionally substituted aryl and optionally substituted heteroaryl, and Y is selected from halogen and dialkylamino, or'}{'sub': '3', 'b) reacted with a compound PXwherein X is halogen, followed by reaction with an alcohol ROH wherein R is defined as above.'}6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the compound of A-OH is N-acetyl neuraminic acid tetraacetate methyl ester or 2-O-benzyl-3 claim 5 ,4-di-O-(optionally substituted acyl)-L-fucose claim 5 , PXis PCl claim 5 , and the alcohol ROH is phenol optionally substituted with alkyl claim 5 , alkoxy and/or halogen claim 5 , preferably methyl claim 5 , methoxy and/or bromo.7. A process for the synthesis of an oligosaccharide claim 1 , characterized in that the said synthesis comprises at least the step of: coupling a compound of general formula 1 as defined in with an acceptor of the formula B—OH claim 1 , wherein B—OH means a protected mono- claim 1 , di- or oligosaccharide.10. The process according to for the synthesis of a sialylated or fucosylated human milk oligosaccharide claim 1 , wherein a compound of general formula 3A or 3B as defined in is coupled with an acceptor of the formula C—OH claim 1 , wherein C—OH means a protected desialo- or defuco-human milk oligosaccharide claim 1 , followed by deprotection to give the sialylated or fucosylated human milk oligosaccharide.11. The process according to claim 10 , wherein the sialylated or fucosylated human milk oligosaccharide is selected from 6′- ...

Catalytic hydrogenolysis of a composition of a mixture of oligosaccharide precursors and uses thereof

A method for the manufacture of a mixture of human milk oligosaccharides is disclosed. The method involves the catalytic hydrogenolysis of compounds of the general formula 1 and 2. The use of compounds of general formula 1 and 2 in the manufacture of human milk oligosaccharides is also disclosed.

Halogenated Di and Trisaccharides, Pharmaceutical Formulations, Diagnostic Kits and Methods of Treatment

The present invention relates to a novel family of alkylated halogenated di- and trisaccharides which exhibit pharmaceutical efficacy in the areas of permeation enhancers, anti-microbial effects, anti-fugal effects, facilitation of diagnostic procedures. The invention further includes methods of treatment and diagnostic kits.

OLIGOSACCHARIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR USE IN NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITIONS, AND METHODS OF PRODUCING THEREOF

Described herein are methods of producing prebiotic compositions that are made up of oligosaccharide compositions, as well as methods of using such prebiotic compositions in nutritional compositions and methods of producing such oligosaccharide and nutritional compositions. 1. A method of producing a prebiotic composition , comprising: wherein the catalyst comprises acidic monomers and ionic monomers connected to form a polymeric backbone, or', 'wherein the catalyst comprises a solid support, acidic moieties attached to the solid support, and ionic moieties attached to the solid support; and, 'combining feed sugar with a catalyst to form a reaction mixture, wherein the catalyst comprises acidic moieties and ionic moieties,'}producing a prebiotic composition from at least a portion of the reaction mixture2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst comprises acidic monomers and ionic monomers connected to form a polymeric backbone.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein each acidic monomer independently comprises at least one Bronsted-Lowry acid.4. The method of or claim 2 , wherein each ionic monomer independently comprises at least one nitrogen-containing cationic group claim 2 , at least one phosphorous-containing cationic group claim 2 , or a combination thereof.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst comprises a solid support claim 1 , acidic moieties attached to the solid support claim 1 , and ionic moieties attached to the solid support.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the solid support comprises a material claim 5 , wherein the material is selected from the group consisting of carbon claim 5 , silica claim 5 , silica gel claim 5 , alumina claim 5 , magnesia claim 5 , titania claim 5 , zirconia claim 5 , clays claim 5 , magnesium silicate claim 5 , silicon carbide claim 5 , zeolites claim 5 , ceramics claim 5 , and any combinations thereof.7. The method of or claim 5 , wherein each acidic moiety independently has at least one Bronsted-Lowry acid.8. The ...

Oral Care Compositions Containing Deoxy Sugar Antimetabolites

Described herein are oral care compositions comprising a deoxy sugar antimetabolite and methods of inhibiting microbial biofilm formation and/or degrading a microbial biofilm in a subject.

IMMUNOGENIC COMPOSITION

The present application discloses an immunogenic composition comprising at least 2 different capsular saccharides, wherein one or more is/are selected from a first group consisting of MenA, MenC, MenY and MenW which is/are conjugated through a linker to a carrier protein(s), and one or more different saccharides is/are selected from a second group consisting of MenA, MenC, MenY and MenW which is/are directly conjugated to a carrier protein(s). 1106.-. (canceled)107. An immunogenic composition , comprising:{'i': Neisseria meningitidis', 'N. meningitids, '(a) a () serogroup A capsular saccharide conjugated to an adipic acid dihydrazide (ADH) linker, wherein the linker is conjugated to tetanus toxoid carrier protein;'}{'i': 'N. meningitidis', '(b) a serogroup C capsular saccharide conjugated to an adipic acid dihydrazide (ADH) linker, wherein the linker is conjugated to tetanus toxoid carrier protein;'}{'i': 'N. meningitidis', '(c) a serogroup W capsular saccharide directly conjugated to tetanus toxoid carrier protein in the absence of a linker; and'}{'i': 'N. meningitidis', '(d) a serogroup Y capsular saccharide directly conjugated to tetanus toxoid carrier protein in the absence of a linker;'}{'i': 'N. meningitidis', 'wherein each capsular saccharide is present at a dose of 5 μg.'}108. The immunogenic composition of claim 107 , wherein the ratio of Men W and/or Y saccharide to carrier protein is between 1:0.5 and 1:2 (w/w).109. The immunogenic composition of claim 107 , wherein the composition does not include an adjuvant.110. The immunogenic composition of claim 107 , wherein the composition does not include an aluminum salt adjuvant.111. The immunogenic composition of claim 107 , further comprising sucrose.112N. meningitidis. The immunogenic composition of claim 107 , further comprising a serogroup B outer membrane vesicle preparation or capsular saccharide.113HaemophilusH. influenzaeH. influenzae. The immunogenic composition of claim 107 , further comprising ...

PROCESS FOR REMOVING FORMALDEHYDE FROM A COMPOSITION COMPRISING GLYCOLALDEHYDE

A process for reducing the percentage by weight of formaldehyde present in a composition comprising glycolaldehyde, wherein formaldehyde is transformed into one or more formaldehyde acetal(s) and removed from the reactive distillation reaction solution by reactive distillation in the presence of at least one alcohol and a catalyst. 1. A process for reducing the percentage by weight of formaldehyde present in a composition comprising glycolaldehyde by reactive distillation in the presence of at least one alcohol and at least one catalyst.2. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the alcohol is selected from one or more of the group consisting of methanol claim 1 , ethanol claim 1 , ethylene glycol and propylene glycol.3. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is an acid catalyst.4. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is selected from one or more of the group consisting of a solid catalyst claim 1 , mineral acid catalyst and organic acid.5. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the acid catalyst is selected from one or more of the group consisting of an acidic resin claim 1 , molecular sieves and a mineral acid.6. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the acid catalyst is selected from one or more of the group consisting of Amberlyst-131 and concentrated sulphuric acid.7. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the composition comprising glycolaldehyde is an aqueous composition.8. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the volume ratio of alcohol to aqueous composition comprising glycolaldehyde is between 1:9 and 9:1.9. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the reactive distillation is carried out at a temperature less than 120° C.10. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the reactive distillation is carried out under reduced pressure.11. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the process further comprises adding a catalyst and optionally water to the reaction solution after reactive distillation claim 1 , heating ...

OLIGOSACCHARIDE COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR PRODUCING THEREOF

Described herein are methods for the production of oligosaccharides, including functionalized oligosaccharides, from one or more sugars, such as one or more monosaccharides, using polymeric and solid-supported catalysts containing acidic and ionic groups. Also provided are the oligosaccharide compositions, including functionalized oligosaccharide compositions, obtained using the methods. 126-. (canceled)27. An oligosaccharide composition prepared according to a method comprising condensation polymerization of one or more sugars to produce the oligosaccharide composition; wherein:', 'each of the monosaccharide monomers is selected from the group consisting of C5 monosaccharides and C6 monosaccharides; at least 15% of the oligosaccharide composition has a degree of polymerization (DP) of at least four; 5 to 25% of the oligosaccharide composition has a degree of polymerization (DP) of three; and 5 to 30% of the oligosaccharide composition has a degree of polymerization (DP) of two;', 'the mean DP of the oligosaccharide composition is 10-15; and, 'monosaccharide monomers connected by glycosidic bonds;'}, 'the oligosaccharide composition comprisingat least a portion of the glycosidic bonds in the oligosaccharide composition comprises β-1,2 bonds and α-1,3 bonds.28. The oligosaccharide composition of claim 27 , wherein the monosaccharide monomers are glucose claim 27 , galactose claim 27 , xylose claim 27 , arabinose claim 27 , fructose claim 27 , mannose claim 27 , ribose claim 27 , allose claim 27 , fucose claim 27 , or rhamnose.29. The oligosaccharide composition of claim 27 , wherein the monosaccharide monomers are connected by glycosidic bonds to form oligomer backbones claim 27 , and wherein the oligomer backbones are optionally substituted with one or more pendant functional groups claim 27 , wherein the pendant functional groups are carboxylic acids claim 27 , sugar alcohols claim 27 , amino acids claim 27 , amino sugars claim 27 , alcohols claim 27 , sulfate ...

Method for Preparation of Derivatives of Gram-Positive Bacteria Surface Capsular Polysaccharide

The present disclosure discloses a method for preparation of derivatives of gram-positive bacteria surface capsular polysaccharide, and belongs to the field of carbohydrate chemistry. The present disclosure takes glucose as a glycosyl donor to obtain a target β-glucosidic bond, then successfully synthesizes a disaccharide building block through a method of redox of a glucose C-2 site, and then takes the disaccharide building block as a repeat unit to synthesize a target oligosaccharide structure such as a derivative [→3)-α-D-Manp-(1→4)-β-D-Rhap-(1→]-Linker of gram-positive bacteria cell wall capsular polysaccharide. A reduction end of decose is linked with a linker to be linked with a protein to make glycoconjugates for immunological studies. The method provided by the present disclosure is simple, time-saving, labor-saving and low-cost, and the resultant derivatives of the gram-positive bacteria surface capsular polysaccharide may be used for development and preparation of medicine related to autism. 3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the synthesizing the gram-positive bacteria cell wall capsular polysaccharide compound comprises the following steps: taking carbohydrate building block 1 as a glycosyl donor claim 2 , taking carbohydrate building block 2 as a glycosyl receptor claim 2 , dissolving the glycosyl donor and the glycosyl receptor in dry methylene dichloride claim 2 , adding a molecular sieve claim 2 , then performing lewis acid catalysis claim 2 , and stirring at a certain temperature for reaction for 2 to 10 hours to prepare 1 claim 2 ,4-α-linked disaccharide fragment 3;or on the basis of step (1),4. The method according to claim 3 , further comprising taking carbohydrate building block 4 as a glycosyl donor claim 3 , taking carbohydrate building block 5 as a glycosyl receptor claim 3 , dissolving the glycosyl donor and the glycosyl receptor in dry methylene dichloride claim 3 , adding a molecular sieve claim 3 , then performing lewis acid ...

Mineral wool insulation

A method of manufacturing a mineral fibre thermal insulation product comprises the sequential steps of: Forming mineral fibres from a molten mineral mixture; Spraying a substantially formaldehyde free binder solution on to the mineral fibres, the binder solution comprising: a reducing sugar, an acid precursor derivable from an inorganic salt and a source of nitrogen; Collecting the mineral fibres to which the binder solution has been applied to form a batt of mineral fibres; and Curing the batt comprising the mineral fibres and the binder which is in contact with the mineral fibres by passing the batt through a curing oven so as to provide a batt of mineral fibres held together by a substantially water insoluble cured binder.

Method for preparing fructose or xylulose from biomass containing glucose or xylose using butanol, and method for separating the same

The present invention relates to a method for preparing fructose or xylulose from biomass comprising glucose or xylose, and a method for separating a mixture of glucose and fructose and a mixture of xylose and xylulose.

System for hydrogen production under limited aerobic conditions

The present invention provides a method for fermentative hydrogen production under limited aerobic conditions by utilizing the respiratory interaction between a strictly anaerobic hydrogen producing bacterium, YUAN-3, and a facultative anaerobic bacterium, PAO1. The two bacteria are co-cultured to produce hydrogen gas in a culture medium without any anaerobic treatment. Sucrose, lactose or glucose are used as the carbon source for the co-culture which can promote the growth of YUAN-3 and reduce substrate competition between two bacteria. L-cysteine is added to increase the hydrogen yield and the production rate. Using 15 g/L glucose and 5 mmol/L L-cysteine, the invented method achieved the hydrogen production yield of 1.11 mol-hydrogen/mol-glucose. 1. A method for hydrogen production under limited aerobic conditions , comprising:{'i': E. harbinense', 'P. aeruginosa, 'a, co-culturing YUAN-3 and PAO1 in a liquid medium containing 10 to 20 g/L sucrose or lactose in a sealed container at 35° C.; and'}b, collecting hydrogen gas at 1 to 50 hours after the start of the co-culture.2. (canceled)3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid medium contains 15 g/L sucrose or lactose.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid medium further comprises 0 to 15 mmol/L of L-cysteine.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid medium further comprises 5 to 10 mmol/L of L-cysteine.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid medium comprises 5 mmol/L of L-cysteine.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid medium comprises 4 g peptone claim 1 , 1 g yeast extract claim 1 , 2 g beef extract claim 1 , 4 g NaCl claim 1 , 1.0 g KHPOand 0.2 g MgCl.6HO per liter.8E. harbinenseP. aeruginosa. The method of claim 1 , wherein 0.1-0.2 g of YUAN-3 and 0.08-0.12 g of PAO1 are inoculated into the liquid medium.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein during the sealed culture claim 1 , a shaker or a magnetic stirrer is used for agitation and culture; wherein conditions for culturing using the ...

Mobile Solid Phase Reaction System and Method

A system and method are disclosed. A system for contacting a mobile solid phase with a flowing fluid phase includes: one or more reaction module, wherein the one or more reaction module comprises a conduit for the passage of a fluid phase and a solid phase, the conduit comprising a fluid input port and a fluid outlet port, and a first service module operably connected to a first side of a reaction module, the first service module for supplying and/or receiving the fluid phase to and/or from the reaction module, wherein the system is configured for passing a solid phase through the reaction module, via the conduit. 1. A system for contacting a mobile solid phase with a flowing fluid phase comprising: 'wherein the first reaction module comprises a conduit for the passage of a fluid phase and a solid phase, the conduit comprising a fluid input port and a fluid outlet port; and', 'a first reaction module;'}a first service module operably connected to a first side of the first reaction module, the first service module for supplying and/or receiving the fluid phase to and/or from the first reaction module;wherein the system is configured for passing a solid phase through the first reaction module, via the conduit.2. The system as claimed in further comprising a second reaction module claim 1 , provided in series claim 1 , such that the solid phase may pass through the consecutive reaction modules.3. The system as claimed in wherein the two reaction modules claim 2 , and the first service module claim 2 , are all configured to releasably connect to adjacent modules.4. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first side and a further side of the first reaction module are each a mating face; andwherein the first service module has a mating face that is connectable with a respective mating face of the first reaction module.5. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the conduit of the first reaction module comprises a solid phase input port and a solid phase output ...

Method for the manufacture of concentrated aqueous solutions of alkali metal salt of carboxymethyl fructan

A method is for the manufacture of aqueous solutions of alkali metal salt of carboxymethyl fructan. More specifically the method for the manufacture of aqueous solutions includes at least 20% by weight of alkali metal salt of carboxymethyl fructan having a degree of carboxymethyl substitution of at least 1.2.

USE OF CERTAIN METAL-ACCUMULATING PLANTS FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY REACTIONS

Metal-accumulating plants for preparing compositions including a metal catalyst derived from the plants. The composition is substantially devoid of organic matter. Also, carrying out chemical reactions with the compositions prepared from metal-accumulating plants. 1SedumPotentilla griffithii, Arabis paniculata, Arabis gemmifera, Arabis alpina, GentianaGentiana atuntsiensis, Silene viscidula, Corydalis davidii, Incarvillea deltoides, Corydalis pterygopetala, Picris divaricata, Sonchus asper. A composition comprising at least one metal catalyst , the metal of which has been accumulated after thermal treatment of a plant or part of a plant of the genus or of plants selected from sp. , wherein the metal that has accumulated is at least one metal selected in particular from zinc (Zn) , iron (Fe) or copper (Cu) , said composition being substantially devoid of organic matter , for carrying out reactions of organic synthesis involving said catalyst.2SedumPotentilla griffithii.. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the plant or the part of a plant is of the genus or of the plant3Sedum jinianum, Sedum plumbizincicola, Sedum alfrediiPotentilla griffithii, Potentilla griffithii, Arabis paniculata, Arabis gemmifera, Arabis alpina, GentianaGentiana atuntsiensis, Silene viscidula, Corydalis davidii, Incarvillea deltoides, Corydalis pterygopetala, Picris divaricata, Sonchus asper. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the plant or the part of a plant is selected from and sp. claim 1 , in which said at least one metal is selected from zinc (Zn) claim 1 , calcium (Ca) claim 1 , magnesium (Mg) claim 1 , iron (Fe) claim 1 , cadmium (Cd) or copper (Cu) claim 1 , said composition optionally having been previously filtered and/or purified on resin and/or fixed on a support claim 1 , after acid treatment.4. The composition according to claim 3 , wherein the acid treatment is carried out with hydrochloric acid claim 3 , in particular gaseous HCl claim 3 , 1N HCl to 12N ...

Method for producing allulose crystals

Allulose crystals are efficiently produced from an allulose syrup using seed crystals.

Strain ptoducing allose from fructose and method for producing allose using same

The present invention relates to a recombinant strain for producing an allose from a fructose, a composition for producing an allose which produces an allose from a fructose-containing raw material comprising the strain, and a method for preparing an allose using the same.

DETECTION OF OLIGOSACCHARIDES

Provided herein are processes for detecting oligosaccharides in a biological sample. In specific instances, the biological sample is provided from an individual suffering from a disorder associated with abnormal glycosaminoglycan accumulation. 130-. (canceled)31. A method of determining in an individual the presence , identity , and/or severity of an MPS IIIA or MPS IIIB disorder , the method comprising:(a) generating a biomarker comprising one or more saturated non-reducing end oligosaccharides, wherein the biomarker is generated by treating a population of heparan sulfate oligosaccharides, in or isolated from a biological sample from the individual, with at least one digesting glycosaminoglycan lyase, wherein prior to lyase treatment, the biomarker is not present in abundance in samples from individuals with the MPS IIIA or MPS IIIB disorder relative to individuals without the MPS IIIA or MPS IIIB disorder; and(b) using an analytical instrument to detect the presence of and/or measure the amount of the biomarker produced and displaying or recording the presence of or the measure of the biomarker produced;wherein the presence of and/or measure of the amounts of the biomarker are utilized to determine the presence, identity, and/or severity of the MPS III disorder; andwherein the biomarker is selected from a group consisting of{'sub': '3', 'Formula III: [GlcNS-IdoA-GlcN(Ac)0-1](SOR)0-3;'}{'sub': '3', 'Formula IV: [GlcNS-GlcA-GlcN(Ac)0-1](SOR)0-2;'}{'sub': '3', 'Formula V: [GlcNAc-IdoA-GlcN(Ac)0-1](SOR)0-3;'}{'sub': '3', 'Formula VI: [GlcNAc-GlcA-GlcN(Ac)0-1](SOR)0-2;'}{'sub': '3', 'Formula VIII: [GlcN-GlcA-GlcN(Ac)0-1](SOR)0-4;'}{'sub': '3', 'Formula IX: [GlcNAc6S-IdoA-GlcN(Ac)0-1](SOR)0-3;'}{'sub': '3', 'Formula X: [GlcNAc6S-GlcA-GlcN(Ac)0-1](SOR)0-2;'}GlcN-IdoA-GlcNAc;GlcN-IdoA2S-GlcNAc;GlcN-IdoA-GlcNS;GlcN-IdoA-GlcNAc6S;GlcN-IdoA2-GlcNAc6S; andGlcN-IdoA-GlcNS6S.32. The method of claim 31 , wherein the biomarker is of Formula V: [GlcNAc-IdoA-GlcN(Ac)-1](SOR); or ...

1,5-ANHYDRO-D-GLUCITOL-CONTAINING COLLAGEN PRODUCTION ACCELERATOR

A collagen production promoter in cells, containing at least one member selected from the group consisting of 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol and derivatives thereof; and a composition containing the collagen production promoter. Since the collagen production promoter containing 1,5-AG or derivatives thereof of the present invention is suitably used as cosmetics, medicinal formulations, foods, and the like, for promoting collagen production in cells, for example, preventing and/or improving wrinkles of skin. 1. A collagen production promoter in cells , comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of 1 ,5-anhydro-D-glucitol and derivatives thereof.3. A composition comprising the collagen production promoter as defined in or .4. The composition according to claim 3 , which is a pharmaceutical composition.5. The composition according to claim 3 , which is a cosmetic composition.6. The composition according to claim 3 , for use in promoting collagen production in cells.7. The composition according to claim 3 , for use in preventing and/or improving wrinkles of skin.8. A method for promoting collagen production in cells claim 3 , comprising the step of administering at least one member selected from the group consisting of 1 claim 3 ,5-anhydro-D-glucitol and derivatives thereof to an individual in need of collagen production promotion in the cells in an effective amount.9. A method for preventing and/or improving wrinkles of skin claim 3 , comprising the step of administering at least one member selected from the group consisting of 1 claim 3 ,5-anhydro-D-glucitol and derivatives thereof to an individual in need of prevention and/or improvement of wrinkles of skin in an effective amount.10. At least one compound selected from the group consisting of 1 claim 3 ,5-anhydro-D-glucitol and derivatives thereof claim 3 , for use in promoting collagen production in cells.11. At least one compound selected from the group consisting of 1 claim 3 ,5-anhydro-D-glucitol ...

Synthesis of new sialooligosaccharide derivatives

The invention relates to a method for the synthesis of compounds of general formula (1A) and salts thereof wherein one of the R groups is an α-sialyl moiety and the other is H, X 1 represents a carbohydrate linker, A is a D -glucopyranosyl unit optionally substituted with fucosyl, R 1 is a protecting group that is removable by hydrogenolysis, the integer in is 0 or 1, by a transsialidation reaction.

SOLID CATALYST FOR HYDRIDE ISOMERIZATION REACTION IN AN AQUEOUS MEDIUM

A novel catalyst capable of selectively catalyzing conversion from glucose to fructose in water or in an aqueous solution is provided. The catalyst is a solid catalyst for a hydride isomerization reaction from glucose to fructose performed in water or in an aqueous solution, comprising a group 13 element oxide whose surface has been subjected to a phosphoric acid treatment. 1: A solid catalyst , comprising a group 13 element oxide whose surface has been subjected to a phosphoric acid treatment.2: The solid catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the group 13 element oxide is selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide claim 1 , gallium oxide claim 1 , indium oxide and thallium oxide.3: The solid catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the phosphoric acid treatment is performed by treating the group 13 element oxide in a phosphoric acid aqueous solution at 50° C. or lower.4: The solid catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein a Lewis acid amount in the group 13 element oxide whose surface has been subjected to a phosphoric acid treatment is kept claim 1 , in a state where the surface is hydrated claim 1 , at 80% or more of a Lewis acid amount in a dehydrated surface portion of the group 13 element oxide not subjected to the phosphoric acid treatment.5: A method for producing fructose claim 1 , comprising causing the solid catalyst according to to work on glucose in water or in an aqueous solution.6: The method according to claim 5 , wherein a product comprises fructose and mannose claim 5 , and wherein a fructose content is high. The present invention relates to a solid catalyst working in an aqueous medium to catalyze a hydride isomerization reaction of glucose, and a use thereof.In recent years, a chemical reaction performed in water or in an aqueous solution attracts attention because it is superior, in an environmental load, safety and the like, to a reaction performed in an organic solvent, which has been widely performed. Meanwhile, a Lewis acid catalyst ...

METHODS OF CONVERTING LIGNING AND USES THEREOF

Method for creating valuable products from lignocellulosic biomass comprising sequential pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass with ionic liquid followed by hydrothermal processing of the lignin. 1. A method for treating a lignocellulosic biomass comprising incubating a lignocellulosic biomass comprising lignin , cellulose , and hemicellulose in an ionic liquid (IL) for a sufficient time and temperature to swell the cellulose and hemicellulose by without dissolution of the biomass in the IL; washing the IL-incubated biomass comprising lignin , cellulose and hemicellulose with a liquid non-solvent for cellulose that is miscible with water and the IL; and contacting said swelled washed biomass comprising lignin , cellulose and hemicellulose with an aqueous buffer comprising enzymes capable of hydrolyzing both cellulose and hemicellulose to produce polysaccharides; recovering the lignin; and converting said lignin to chemicals.2. A method for extracting a monomeric compound from a lignin comprising(a) mixing a biomass with an ionic liquid (IL) to swell said biomass and not dissolve said biomass in IL;(b) washing said treated biomass;(c) hydrolysis of said treated biomass;(d) separating the cellulosic and lignin fractions; and(e) subjecting the lignin fraction to hydrothermal processing.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein said method further comprises electromagnetic (EM) heating of said swelled biomass after step (a).4. A method for conversion of the lignin of lignocellulosic biomass to chemicals comprising(a) mixing biomass in an ionic liquid (IL) to swell said biomass and not dissolve said biomass in IL;(b) applying radio frequency (RF) heating to the swelled biomass to heat to a target temperature range;(c) applying ultrasonics, electromagnetic (EM), convective, conductive heating, or combinations thereof, to the swelled biomass to maintain the biomass at said target temperature range;(d) washing the treated biomass;(e) separating the cellulosic and lignin ...

INOSITOL AND TREHALOSE DERIVATIVES AND PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS FOR TREATING NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES COMPRISING THE SAME

The invented inositol and trehalose derivatives, prepared by introducing multiple units of the guanidine group to the backbone molecules, show excellent blood-brain barrier permeability, and accordingly, it can be easily transported to the brain tissues and utilized for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease. 2. A pharmaceutical composition containing the compound according to or a salt thereof as an active ingredient.3. A method for treating a neurodegenerative disease claim 2 , comprising administering the pharmaceutical composition of to a subject in need thereof.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the neurodegenerative disease is Alzheimer's disease claim 3 , Huntington's disease claim 3 , or other closely related diseases. This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/003,414, filed Jan. 10, 2011, which is a national stage application of PCT/KR2009/001470 filed Mar. 23, 2009, which claims priority from Korean Patent Application No. 10-2008-0071383 filed Jul. 22, 2008, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.The present invention relates to inositol and trehalose derivatives having excellent blood-brain barrier permeability, which are prepared by introducing several guanidine groups to the backbone of inositol and trehalose, and to pharmaceutical compositions for treating neurodegenerative diseases comprising the same.Approximately 25 million people worldwide are currently suffering from Alzheimer's disease, and that number is expected to double every five years. Studies of the brain tissue of Alzheimer's disease patients have revealed the presence of aggregated peptides, particurally senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, which have been reported to be formed from mutated beta-amyloids and Tau peptides (M. Goedert, M. G. Spillantini, 314: 777-784 (2006)). Such aggregated peptides induce cell damage and apoptosis, resulting in ...

GANGLIOSIDE COMPOSITIONS

The invention provides novel gangliosides and mixtures of novel gangliosides, and drug products containing the same. The invention also provides cells induced to over-express one or more gangliosides. The invention further provides methods for production of gangliosides, e.g., GM1, from cells in culture using, for example, bone marrow cells and neuroblastoma cells. Methods include the treatment of cells with neural induction media and chloroquine, or chloroquine alone in the case of, e.g., human bone marrow cells, neuraminidase or glucosamine, to induce the production of gangliosides, e.g., GM1, in the cells. Also provided are methods of long-term, high density culturing of cells without passaging to produce gangliosides, e.g., GM1. Methods of quantifying gangliosides, e.g., GM1 in cell culture are also provided. 1. A ganglioside characterized by a single thin layer chromatography (“TLC”) band having a retardation factor (“Rf”) value that is greater than an ovine GM1 standard Rf when said ganglioside is subjected to TLC on a glass plate coated with a 250 μm layer of ultrapure silica gel and contacted with a solution comprising chloroform , methanol and 0.2% calcium in a ratio of 50:42:11 , after which said coated glass plate is stained by being placed into a second solution comprising 80 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid , 0.25 mL of 0.1 M cupric sulfate , 10 mL of 2% resorcinol and 10 mL of water , and said glass plate is heated in said second solution for 20 minutes at 100° C. , wherein said ganglioside comprises one or more gangliosides.2. The ganglioside of claim 1 , wherein said ganglioside is purified from a crude ganglioside mixture.3. The ganglioside of claim 2 , wherein said crude ganglioside mixture is isolated from adult human bone marrow stromal cells cultured under low oxygen.4. The ganglioside of claim 3 , wherein said low oxygen is 5% oxygen.5. The ganglioside of claim 1 , wherein said ganglioside Rf value is 0.65.6. The ganglioside of claim 1 , ...

METHOD FOR SEPARATING BIOMASS FROM A SOLUTION COMPRISING BIOMASS AND AT LEAST ONE OLIGOSACCARIDE

The present invention relates to a method for separating biomass from a solution comprising biomass and at least one oligosaccharide.comprising providing the solution comprising biomass and oligosaccharides.lowering the pH value of the solution below 7 by adding at least one acid to the solution comprising biomass and the at least one oligosaccharide. adding an adsorbing agent to the solution comprising biomass and oligosaccharides. and carrying out first membrane filtration so as to separate the biomass from the solution comprising the at least one oligosaccharide. 115.-. (canceled)16. A method for separating biomass from a solution comprising biomass and at least one oligosaccharide , comprising:providing the solution comprising biomass and oligosaccharides;setting the pH value of the solution below 7 by adding at least one acid to the solution comprising biomass and the at least one oligosaccharide;adding at least one adsorbing agent to the solution comprising biomass and oligosaccharides; andcarrying out a first membrane filtration, so as to separate the biomass from the solution comprising at least one oligosaccharide.17. The method according to claim 16 , wherein the pH value of the solution is lowered to a pH value in the range of 3.0 to 5.5.18. The method according to claim 16 , wherein said at least one acid is an acid selected from the group consisting of HSO claim 16 , HPO claim 16 , HCl claim 16 , HNOand CHCOH.19. The method according to claim 16 , wherein said adsorbing agent is added in an amount in the range of 0.5% to 3% by weight.20. The method according to claim 16 , wherein said adsorbing agent is added as a powder having a particle size distribution with a diameter d50 in the range of 2 μm to 25 μm.21. The method according to wherein said adsorbing agent is added as a suspension of the powder in water.22. The method according to claim 16 , wherein said first membrane filtration is carried out as cross-flow microfiltration or cross-flow ...

IRON COMPLEX COMPOUNDS FOR THERAPUTIC USE

The present invention relates to iron complex compounds for therapeutic use which are low in arsenic, chromium, lead, cadmium, mercury and/or aluminum, compositions thereof and processes for preparing said iron complex compounds. 115-. (canceled)16. A process for preparing an iron carbohydrate complex compound comprising the steps of a. decomposing iron pentacarbonyl;', 'b. recrystallization of an iron salt from an aqueous solution thereof', 'c. extracting an aqueous iron salt solution with an organic solvent and recovering the iron salt by stripping the organic solvent;', 'd. precipitation at an anode during electrolysis of an aqueous iron salt solution;', 'e. contacting an aqueous iron salt solution with a base so as to form a precipitate of iron hydroxide and separating the precipitate from the liquid by filtration or centrifugation; or', 'f. distillation of ferric chloride from a mixture comprising ferric chloride and non-volatile impurities, wherein, '(i) obtaining an iron preparation by'}the iron preparation comprises iron in a form selected from a water-soluble iron salt, an iron hydroxide or an iron oxide-hydroxide,the amount of arsenic in the iron preparation does not exceed 4.5 μg per g of iron, andthe amount of lead in the iron preparation does not exceed 1.5 μg per g of iron; and(ii) reacting the iron preparation with a ligand in the presence of water so as to form the iron carbohydrate complex compound, and(iii) recovering said iron carbohydrate complex compound.17. The process of claim 16 , wherein recrystallization in step (i)(b) is recrystallization of ferric nitrate from an aqueous solution containing nitric acid.18. The process of claim 16 , wherein the aqueous iron salt solution of step (i)(c) is obtained during the processing of an iron-containing nickel ore.19. The process of claim 16 , wherein the organic solvent is an alcohol having about 4-20 carbon atoms or an organic solutions of an amine salt.20. The process of claim 16 , wherein the ...

PRODUCTION OF BIOACTIVE OLIGOSACCHARIDES

Methods of generating oligosaccharides are provided. 120-. (canceled)21. A composition , comprising:a first 3Hex oligosaccharide;a first 4Hex oligosaccharide and a second 4Hex oligosaccharide; anda first 5Hex oligosaccharide and a second 5Hex oligosaccharide;wherein the first 4Hex oligosaccharide and the second 4Hex oligosaccharide are different isomers; andwherein the first 5Hex oligosaccharide and the second 5Hex oligosaccharide are different isomers.22. The composition of claim 21 , further comprising:a second 3Hex oligosaccharide and a third 3Hex oligosaccharide;wherein the first 3Hex oligosaccharide, the second 3Hex oligosaccharide, and the third 3Hex oligosaccharide are different isomers.23. The composition of claim 21 , further comprising:a third 4Hex oligosaccharide and a fourth 4Hex oligosaccharide;wherein the first 4Hex oligosaccharide, the second 4Hex oligosaccharide, the third 4Hex oligosaccharide, and the fourth 4Hex oligosaccharide are different isomers.24. The composition of claim 21 , further comprising:a third 5Hex oligosaccharide;wherein the first 5Hex oligosaccharide, the second 5Hex oligosaccharide, and the third 5Hex oligosaccharide are different isomers.25. The composition of claim 24 , further comprising:a fourth 5Hex oligosaccharide and a fifth 5Hex oligosaccharide;wherein the first 5Hex oligosaccharide, the second 5Hex oligosaccharide, the third 5Hex oligosaccharide, the fourth 5Hex oligosaccharide, and the fifth 5Hex oligosaccharide are different isomers.26. The composition of claim 25 , further comprising:a third 3Hex oligosaccharide; anda third 4Hex oligosaccharide;wherein:the first 3Hex oligosaccharide, the second 3Hex oligosaccharide, and the third 3Hex oligosaccharide are different isomers; andthe first 4Hex oligosaccharide, the second 4Hex oligosaccharide, and the third 4Hex oligosaccharide are different isomers.27. The composition of claim 21 , further comprising:a first 6Hex oligosaccharide.28. The composition of claim 27 , further ...

SUGAR COMPOSITIONS

A sugar composition comprising at least 40% dissolved solids in an aqueous solution having a viscosity at least 10% lower than a 42 DE (Dextrose Equivalents) reference solution with a same dissolved solids concentration at a given temperature. Another sugar composition comprising at least 30% glucose relative to total sugars, at least 10% mannose relative to total sugars, at least 5% xylose relative to total sugars, and less than 0.25% ash. Another sugar composition comprising at least 30% glucose relative to total sugars at least 10% mannose relative to total sugars, at least 5% xylose relative to total sugars, and at least 2% total furfurals. 159-. (canceled)60. A composition comprising: (i) a monomeric hemicellulose sugar hydrolyzate; or', '(ii) a monomeric cellulose sugar hydrolyzate;, '(a) at least one water-soluble monomeric hydrolyzate selected from (iii) a dimeric or higher oligomeric hemicellulose sugar hydrolyzate; or', '(iv) a dimeric or higher oligomeric cellulose sugar hydrolyzate; and, '(b) at least one water-soluble dimeric or higher oligomeric hydrolyzate selected from(c) less than 0.25% in total by weight, relative to the total solids in the composition, of ash.61. The composition of claim 60 , wherein the ash comprises Ca claim 60 , Cu claim 60 , Fe claim 60 , K claim 60 , Mg claim 60 , Mn claim 60 , Na claim 60 , P claim 60 , S claim 60 , and Si.62. The composition of claim 60 , wherein:the water-soluble monomeric hydrolyzate is selected from glucose, mannose, or a combination thereof; andthe water-soluble dimeric or higher oligomeric hydrolyzate is selected from a dimer or higher oligomer of glucose, mannose, or a combination thereof.63. The composition of claim 60 , wherein:the water-soluble monomeric hydrolyzate is selected from glucose, mannose, galactose, or a combination thereof; andthe water-soluble dimeric or higher oligomeric hydrolyzate is selected from cellobiose, isomaltose, trehalose, or a combination thereof.64. The composition of ...

PROCESS FOR PREPARING HIGH-PURITY L-ARABINOSE BY USING ARABIC GUM AS RAW MATERIAL

The present invention discloses a process for preparing L-arabinose from Gum Arabic comprising the steps of catalytical hydrolysis of L-arabinose from gum arabic followed by the purification steps including neutralization using alkali, adsorption bleaching, electrodialysis desalination, adsorption separation of impurities and crystallization, with the absolute purity of L-arabinose up to 98% and the recovery as high as 25%˜29% of material weight. The disclosed process has such advantages as low cost, environmental-friendliness and simple operation, showing promising in industrial production. 1. A process for preparing high-purity L-arabinose from gum arabic , the process comprising the follows steps:(1) adding dissolved gum arabic into an inorganic acid to form a mixed solution, controlling pH value of the solution at 0.2˜1, undertaking hydrolysis reaction at the temperature at 70˜100° C., after the reaction, neutralizing the hydrolysate by adding an alkali aqueous solution to pH about 4—7 and obtaining the neutralized hydrolysate containing L-arabinose;(2) adding the hydrolysate of step (1) to a fixed bed equipped with adsorbent A continuously, collecting the effluent to form a decolored solution;(3) passing the decolored solution of step (2) through a microporous membrane of the drainage to obtain a pretreatment solution, then desalinating the pretreatment solution with selectroosmosis to obtain a desalination solution;(4) passing the desalination solution of step (3) through a fixed bed equipped with adsorbent B continuously under room temperature, collecting an effluent, obtaining a supersaturated syrup by concentrating the effluent under reduced pressure at 45˜60° C.;(5) crystallizing the supersaturated syrup and obtaining white powder of L-arabinose after drying.2. The process for preparing high-purity L-arabinose from gum arabic according to claim 1 , characterized in that the inorganic acid is sulfuric acid claim 1 , hydrochloric acid claim 1 , phosphoric ...

METHOD FOR PREPARING SUGAR, BIOETHANOL OR MICROBIAL METABOLITE FROM LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMAS

The present invention relates to a method for preparing bioethanol from lignocellulosic biomass. The method of the present invention is capable of: minimizing the impurity content of an enzymatic saccharification raw material, by extracting biomass using hot water, before pretreatment, and removing extractable substances such as inorganic salts; suppressing, to the greatest extent, the production of overdecomposition products of sugar, by pretreating the biomass, from which the hot water extractable substances have been removed, in a condition for maximizing xylan yield; preparing fermentable sugar at a low cost, without washing a pretreated solid obtained from subsequent solid-liquid separation, but by only concentrating a sugar solution obtained after enzymatic saccharification, using a separation film; and preparing bioethanol therefrom in high yield. 133.-. (canceled)34. A method for preparing a sugar solution , the method comprising the steps of:modifying a polyamide nanofiltration membrane with sodium hypochlorite and polyethylene glycol methacrylate (step 1); andfiltering an aqueous sugar solution obtained by hydrolyzing cellulosic biomass using the modified polyamide nanofiltration membrane to recover a refined sugar solution from the non-permeate side and remove fermentation inhibitors from the permeate side (step 2).35. The method according to claim 34 , between the step 1) and the step 2) claim 34 , further comprising:filtering the aqueous sugar solution obtained by hydrolyzing cellulosic biomass using a microfiltration membrane or ultrafiltration membrane to recover a sugar solution from the permeate side (step 1-1).36. The method according to claim 34 , after the step 2) claim 34 , further comprising:filtering the refined sugar solution using a reverse osmosis membrane to recover a refined sugar solution from the non-permeate side and remove fermentation inhibitors from the permeate side (step 2-1).37. The method according to claim 34 , wherein the step ...

Fiber-Containing Carbohydrate Composition

A food product comprises an oligosaccharide composition that is digestion resistant or slowly digestible. The oligosaccharide composition can be produced by a process that comprises producing an aqueous composition that comprises at least one oligosaccharide and at least one monosaccharide by saccharification of starch, membrane filtering the aqueous composition to form a monosaccharide-rich stream and an oligosaccharide-rich stream, and recovering the oligosaccharide-rich stream. Alternatively, the oligosaccharide composition can be produced by a process that comprises heating an aqueous feed composition that comprises at least one monosaccharide or linear saccharide oligomer, and that has a solids concentration of at least about 70% by weight, to a temperature of at least about 40° C., and contacting the feed composition with at least one catalyst that accelerates the rate of cleavage or formation of glucosyl bonds for a time sufficient to cause formation of non-linear saccharide oligomers, wherein a product composition is produced that contains a higher concentration of non-linear saccharide oligomers than linear saccharide oligomers.

Solid forms comprising 4-amino-2-(2,6-dioxopiperidine-3-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione and a coformer, compositions and methods of use thereof

Provided herein are solid forms comprising (a) 4-amino-2-(2,6-dioxopiperidine-3-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione and (b) a coformer. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising the solid forms (e.g., cocrystals) and methods for treating, preventing and managing various disorders are also disclosed.

FIBER-RICH MALTOOLIGOSACCHARIDES HAVING LOW GLUCOSE BIOAVAILABILITY, METHOD OF MANUFACTURE THEREOF AND USE THEREOF IN HUMAN FOOD AND ANIMAL FEED

The present invention relates to maltooligosaccharides, the content of α-1,4-glycosidic bonds of which is between 70% and 80% of the total number of 1,4-type glycosidic bonds. The invention also relates to the method for manufacturing these maltooligosaccharides. Said maltooligosaccharides afford all the benefits of fiber-based foods, with an extremely low nutritional value. Such a compromise is particularly advantageous for use in healthy balanced diets, but also in the treatment and/or prevention of the pathology of diabetes. The invention also relates to the use of said maltooligosaccharides in the fields of human food and animal feed. 1. A method for manufacturing maltooligosaccharides comprising the steps consisting in:a) providing an aqueous solution of at least two carbohydrates, characterized in that 40% to 95% of the dry weight of said solution consists of maltose,b) placing the aqueous solution resulting from step a) in contact with at least one polyol and at least one inorganic or organic acid,c) optionally increasing the solids content of the aqueous solution resulting from step b) up to at least 75% by weight of the total weight thereof,d) carrying out a heat treatment on the aqueous solution resulting from step b) or optionally from step c), at a temperature of between 140° C. and 300° C. under a negative pressure of between 50 and 500 mbar.2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that the aqueous solution resulting from step a) contains glucose.3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that the aqueous solution resulting from step a) has a solids content of at least 50% claim 1 , preferably of at least 70% claim 1 , very preferably of at least 80% by weight of the total weight thereof claim 1 , and in any case of at most 95% by weight of the total weight thereof.4. The method as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that the polyol is selected from glycerol claim 1 , erythritol claim 1 , xylitol claim 1 , arabitol claim 1 , ...

GLUCOSE/GALACTOSE BIOSENSORS AND METHODS OF USING SAME

Provided herein are glucose and galactose biosensors and methods of making and using the same. 1. A biosensor comprising:{'i': 'E. coli', 'a) a polypeptide comprising a ligand binding site and (i) one or more mutations as compared to SEQ ID NO:112 (wild-type GGBP) that alter the ligand binding affinity of the polypeptide; and'}b) a reporter conjugated to the polypeptide,wherein when the polypeptide consists of a single mutation, the single mutation is F16C,wherein the ligand-bound biosensor results in a reporter-generated signal that is different from the unbound biosensor, andwherein the ligand is selected from the group consisting of glucose, galactose, and a combination thereof.2. The biosensor of claim 1 , wherein the reporter is conjugated to F16C.3. The biosensor of claim 1 , wherein the polypeptide further comprises (ii) at least one additional mutation that replaces an amino acid with a cysteine.4. The biosensor of claim 3 , wherein the reporter is conjugated to the cysteine.5. The biosensor of claim 1 , wherein(a) the biosensor comprises a single reporter;(b) the reporter comprises a fluorophore and wherein the signal is a fluorescent signal;(c) the reporter comprises a fluorophore and wherein the signal is a fluorescent signal, wherein the fluorophore is selected from the group consisting of acrylodan and badan;(d) the reporter comprises a fluorophore and wherein the signal is a fluorescent signal, wherein the signal comprises an emission intensity of the fluorophore recorded at one or more wavelengths;(e) the reporter comprises a fluorophore and wherein the signal is a fluorescent signal, wherein the change in signal comprises a shift in the one or more wavelengths;(f) the reporter comprises a fluorophore and wherein the signal is a fluorescent signal, wherein the signal comprises a ratio of emission intensities recorded at two or more wavelengths;(g) the reporter comprises a fluorophore and wherein the signal is a fluorescent signal, wherein the change ...

COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR DIRECT CAPTURE OF ORGANIC MATERIALS FROM PROCESS STREAMS

A particulate magnetic nanostructured solid sorbent (MNSS) material is described herein. The particles of the MNSS comprise a plurality of tethered nanoparticles. The nanoparticles are tethered together by substantially linear hydrocarbon chains, a poly(alkylene oxide) chains, or a combination thereof connecting the nanoparticles in a three-dimensional elastic network with the nanoparticles as junctions of the network having junction functionality of about 2.1 to about 6. The surfaces of at least some of the nanoparticles comprise a polymerized siloxane bearing at least one sorption-aiding substituent selected from a hydrophilic group and a lipophilic group. The plurality of nanoparticles is made up of superparamagnetic nanoparticles or a combination of superparamagnetic and non-magnetic nanoparticles. The individual superparamagnetic nanoparticles comprise a passivating metal oxide coating around a core comprising at least one nanocrystalline metal or alloy having ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic properties. 1. A particulate magnetic nanostructured solid sorbent (MNSS) material , each particle of the MNSS comprising a plurality of nanoparticles tethered together by molecular chains comprising a substantially linear hydrocarbon , a poly(alkylene oxide) , or a combination thereof , the ends of the chains connecting the nanoparticles in a three-dimensional elastic network having junction functionality of about 2.1 to about 6 , with the nanoparticles as junctions of the network; the surfaces of at least some of the nanoparticles comprising a polysiloxane bearing sorption-aiding substituents selected from a hydrophilic substituents , lipophilic substituents , and a combination thereof; wherein the plurality of nanoparticles comprises superparamagnetic nanoparticles or a combination of superparamagnetic and non-magnetic nanoparticles; the superparamagnetic nanoparticles comprise a passivating metal oxide coating around a nanocrystalline metallic core; and the cores of the ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING ALLULOSE CRYSTALS

Allulose crystals are efficiently produced from an allulose syrup using seed crystals. 1. A method for producing allulose crystals , wherein the method comprises:a) cooling and agitating a first admixture comprised of a first portion of allulose syrup and allulose seed crystals and initiating crystallization of allulose dissolved in the allulose syrup, thereby forming a first massecuite comprising allulose crystals and a first mother liquor containing residual dissolved allulose, the cooling and agitating being continued until a first preselected target yield of allulose crystals is achieved;b) optionally, separating the first massecuite into a first portion and a second portion;c) optionally, combining a second portion of allulose syrup with the second portion of the first massecuite to form a second admixture; andd) optionally, cooling and agitating the second admixture and initiating crystallization of allulose dissolved in the second portion of allulose syrup, thereby forming a second massecuite comprising allulose crystals and a second mother liquor containing residual dissolved allulose, the cooling and agitating being continued until a second preselected target yield of allulose crystals is achieved.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least steps a) and b) are performed.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least steps a) claim 1 , b) and c) are performed.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least steps a) claim 1 , b) claim 1 , c) and d) are performed.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first admixture is obtained by combining the first portion of allulose syrup and dry allulose crystals.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first admixture is obtained by combining with the first portion of allulose syrup and a heel comprised of allulose crystals and a mother liquor.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first admixture and second admixture are agitated in steps a) and d) claim 1 , if step d) is performed claim 1 , respectively using an agitator ...

Pharmaceutical Composition of Killed Cells with Substantially Retained Immunogenicity

The present invention relates to a lyophilized composition comprising killed cancer cells with substantially retained immunogenicity and morphology, an intracellular cryopreservative such as trehalose and an extracellular cryopreservative such as polyvinylpyrrolidone. The present invention also relates to a process for the preparation of said lyophilized composition. The lyophilized composition of the present invention can be used for cancer immunotherapy. 1. A lyophilized composition comprising:killed cancer cells with substantially retained immunogenicity and morphology;trehalose as an intracellular cryo-preservative at 1 to 10% w/v; andpolyvinyl pyrrolidone as an extra cellular cryo-preservative at 0.1 to 5% w/v.2. The lyophilized composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein of polyvinyl pyrrolidone has molecular weight ranging from 30 to 50 kilo Daltons.3. The lyophilized composition as claimed in further comprising an adjuvant.4. The lyophilized composition as claimed in claim 3 , wherein adjuvant is selected from the group consisting of oils claim 3 , aluminium salts claim 3 , virosomes claim 3 , dead whole organisms claim 3 , extracts of microbes and combination thereof.5Mycobacterium. The lyophilized composition as claimed in claim 3 , wherein adjuvant is w (Mw).6. A process of preparing the lyophilized composition as claimed in claim 1 , comprising:f. Killing of cancer cells by any suitable method,g. treating killed cancer cells obtained from step-a with trehalose,h. treating killed cancer cells obtained from step-b with polyvinyl pyrrolidone,i. snap freezing killed cancer cells obtained from step-c, andj. lyophilizing killed cancer cells obtained from step-d.{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00006', 'claim 6'}, 'The process of preparing the lyophilized composition as claimed in , wherein the snap freezing is done at below −100° C.'} This application is a continuation in part application of a copending U.S. application Ser. No. 13/579,607, filed on Aug. 17, 2012 ...

METHODS, DEVICES, AND KITS TO IMPROVE REDUCTION OR LABELING OF CARBOHYDRATES

The present invention provides methods, devices, and kits to improve procedures for reducing carbohydrates, such as glycans released from glycoconjugates, or for labeling carbohydrates by reductive amination. 2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising step e′ claim 1 , washing any excess reductant or label from said first porous solid support using organic solvent or a solution with a concentration of organic solvent higher than 95% organic solvent following said reduction or labeling.3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising step e″ claim 2 , eluting said washed reduced or labeled carbohydrates from said first porous solid support using an aqueous solution comprising up to 20% organic solvent following said wash.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein said aqueous solution comprising up to 20% organic solvent comprises water or a buffer solution.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein said aqueous solution does not comprise any organic solvent.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein said first porous solid support is made of a hydrophilic material or has a hydrophilic material claim 1 , other than one bearing carboxyl groups claim 1 , on its surface.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said first porous solid support is made of a hydrophilic material.8. The method of claim 6 , wherein said hydrophilic material is (a) cellulose claim 6 , (b) glass claim 6 , (c) alumina claim 6 , (d) silica claim 6 , (e) a functionalized surface containing diol claim 6 , aminopropyl claim 6 , carbamoyl claim 6 , cyanopropyl claim 6 , ethylenediamine-N-propyl claim 6 , (f) silica derivatized with diol claim 6 , aminopropyl claim 6 , or carbamoyl claim 6 , (g) a porous hydrophilic material other than one bearing one or more carboxyl groups claim 6 , or (h) a combination of two or more of these.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein said glass is glass fiber.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein said first porous solid support is made of a non-hydrophilic material or has a surface of non-hydrophilic ...

PREPARATION METHOD FOR HIGH-PURITY 4'-GALACTOSYL-LACTOSE COMPOSITION

A composition which has high 4′-GL purity and can be used as a reference standard for various analyses can be obtained by a more convenient method than one conventionally used. A method for preparing a high-purity 4′-GL composition includes the steps of: (A) subjecting a 4′-GL-containing galacto-oligosaccharide to activated carbon column chromatography, and performing stepwise elution with plural organic solvent aqueous solutions, wherein the organic solvent aqueous solutions are used such that the concentration of the organic solvent in the organic solvent aqueous solution is higher than the concentration of the organic solvent in the immediately preceding organic solvent aqueous solution with respect to a series of elutions; and (B) adding an organic solvent to the final fraction eluted in step (A), and crystallizing the 4′-GL. 1. A method for preparing a high-purity 4′-galactosyl-lactose (4′-GL) composition , the method comprising:(A) subjecting a 4′-GL-containing galacto-oligosaccharide to activated carbon column chromatography, and performing stepwise elution with plural organic solvent aqueous solutions, wherein the organic solvent aqueous solutions are used such that a concentration of an organic solvent in one organic solvent aqueous solution is higher than a concentration of the organic solvent in an immediately preceding organic solvent aqueous solution; and(B) adding an organic solvent to a final fraction eluted in said subjecting (A) and crystallizing the 4′-GL.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the concentration of the organic solvent in the organic solvent aqueous solutions used in said subjecting (A) is 10 to 30 mass %.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the stepwise elution in said subjecting (A) is performed with an organic solvent aqueous solution containing the organic solvent in a concentration of 10 to 20 mass % claim 1 , and subsequently an organic solvent aqueous solution containing the organic solvent in a concentration of ...

SUGAR COMPOSITIONS

A sugar composition comprising at least 40% dissolved solids in an aqueous solution having a viscosity at least 10% lower than a 42 DE (Dextrose Equivalents) reference solution with a same dissolved solids concentration at a given temperature. Another sugar composition comprising at least 30% glucose relative to total sugars, at least 10% mannose relative to total sugars, at least 5% xylose relative to total sugars, and less than 0.25% ash. Another sugar composition comprising at least 30% glucose relative to total sugars at least 10% mannose relative to total sugars, at least 5% xylose relative to total sugars, and at least 2% total furfurals. 165-. (canceled)66. A composition comprising:(a) at least one water-soluble monomeric hydrolyzate comprising a monomeric hemicellulose sugar hydrolyzate;(b) at least one water-soluble dimeric or higher oligomeric hydrolyzate comprising a dimeric or higher oligomeric hemicellulose sugar hydrolyzate; and(c) less than 0.25% in total by weight, relative to the total solids in the composition, of ash.67. The composition of claim 66 , wherein one or more of the water-soluble monomeric hydrolyzates is a pentose and one or more of the water-soluble dimeric or higher oligomeric hydrolyzate is a pentose.68. The composition of claim 66 , wherein the ash comprises Ca claim 66 , Cu claim 66 , Fe claim 66 , K claim 66 , Mg claim 66 , Mn claim 66 , Na claim 66 , P claim 66 , S claim 66 , and Si.69. The composition of claim 66 , wherein:the water-soluble monomeric hydrolyzate is selected from xylose, arabinose, or a combination thereof; andthe water-soluble dimeric or higher oligomeric hydrolyzate is selected from a dimer or higher oligomer of xylose, arabinose, or a combination thereof.70. The composition of claim 66 , wherein the water-soluble monomeric hydrolyzate is derived from a lignocellulose substrate.71. The composition of claim 66 , further comprising water.72. The composition of claim 66 , wherein the water-soluble monomeric ...

GLYCOCONJUGATES AND USE THEREOF AS VACCINE AGAINST SHIGELLA FLEXNERI SEROTYPE 3a AND X

The present invention relates to compounds derived from sugars which reproduce the epitopes of serotypes 3a and X and to the use thereof for the preparation of vaccine compositions. More specifically, the subject matter of the present invention relates to novel glycoconjugated compounds comprising oligosaccharides or polysaccharides described hereinafter, to the method for synthesizing these oligosaccharides or polysaccharides and glycoconjugates, to derivatives of these oligosaccharides or polysaccharides, to compositions containing same, and also to the use of the glycoconjugates for vaccination purposes. Finally, the present invention relates to methods for diagnosing a infection using one or more oligosaccharides or polysaccharides or conjugates thereof. 111-. (canceled)14Shigella flexneri. A kit for diagnosis of an infection with of serotype 3a or X claim 12 , wherein it comprises at least one saccharide as claimed in .15. A method of preparation of the disaccharide (E)A (I) claim 12 , an intermediate in the synthesis of a saccharide as defined in claim 12 , wherein it comprises the following stages:condensation of the acceptor monosaccharide 31 with the donor monosaccharide 33 leading to the disaccharide 35;deacetylation of the disaccharide 35 to give the disaccharide 21; anddeprotection of the disaccharide 21 by hydrogenolysis of the benzyl groups to give the disaccharide (E)A.16. A method of preparation of the trisaccharide D(E)A (II) claim 12 , as defined in claim 12 , wherein it comprises the following stages:condensation of the donor monosacccharide 1 with the acceptor disaccharide 21 leading to the trisaccharide 22;deacetylation of the trisaccharide 22 leading to the trisaccharide 37; anddeprotection of the trisaccharide 37 to give the trisaccharide D(E)A.17. A method of preparation of the trisaccharide D(E)A (II) claim 12 , as defined in claim 12 , comprising the following stages:condensation of the donor monosacccharide 2 with the acceptor disaccharide ...

Formaldehyde-free proteinaceous binder compositions

Binder compositions are described, where the compositions include a protein, a first crosslinking compound that includes a carbohydrate, and a second crosslinking compound that includes two or more primary amine groups. The first and second crosslinking compounds may be individually crosslinkable with each other and with the protein. Also described are fiber products that may include inorganic or organic fibers and a cured thermoset binder prepared from a protein and at least two crosslinking compounds. Additionally, methods of making fiber products are described that include providing inorganic or organic fibers, and applying a liquid binder composition to the fibers to form a fiber-binder amalgam. The liquid binder composition may include a protein and at least two crosslinking compounds that include a carbohydrate and an organic amine with two or more primary amines. The amalgam may be heated to a curing temperature to form the fiber product.

CONVERSION OF CELLULOSE INTO SIMPLE SUGARS

Cellulose may be converted into simple sugars such as glucose by contacting the cellulose with a compound effective to catalytically cleave the ether bonds of the cellulose. The compound may be a vitamin, a porphyrin, flavins, pyridoxal-containing molecules, and/or a compound containing at least one ylide functional group. The cellulose may be carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), which may be made by reacting cellulose with chloroacetic acid and a base such as NaOH. The compound may be vitamins (B1, B2, B6, or B12), phosphonium ylides, sulfonium ylides, sulfoxonium ylides, carbonyl ylides, oxonium ylides, asomethine ylides, iminium ylides, halonium ylides, and combinations thereof. The free glucose may be used for fermentation, converted to a biofuel and for other applications. 1. A method of converting cellulose into simple sugars comprising:in the presence of water, contacting cellulose with a compound effective to catalytically cleave ether bonds of the cellulose to give at least one simple sugar, where the compound is selected from the group consisting of vitamins, compounds with at least one ylide functionality, porphyrins, flavins, pyridoxal-containing molecules, and combinations thereof.2. The method of where the cellulose is carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) made by a method comprising reacting crystalline cellulose with chloroacetic acid and a base selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide claim 1 , potassium hydroxide claim 1 , ammonium hydroxide and mixtures thereof.3. The method of where the compound is a compound containing at least one ylide functional group claim 1 , which is selected from the group consisting of vitamins claim 1 , phosphonium ylides claim 1 , sulfonium ylides claim 1 , sulfoxonium ylides claim 1 , carbonyl ylides claim 1 , oxonium ylides claim 1 , asomethine ylides claim 1 , iminium ylides claim 1 , halonium ylides claim 1 , flavins claim 1 , pyridoxal-containing molecules claim 1 , and combinations thereof.4. The method of where ...

STABILIZED ACYCLIC SACCHARIDE COMPOSITE AND METHOD FOR STABILIZING ACYCLIC SACCHARIDES AND APPLICATIONS THEREOF

Disclosed is a stabilized acyclic saccharide composite, which includes a LDH-based (layered double hydroxide-based) material and acyclic saccharides intercalated in interlayer regions of the LDH-based material. The acyclic saccharides stabilized and trapped in the LDH-based material give an opportunity for direct functionalization to other valuable molecules in the pharmaceutical, chemical or carbohydrate industries. Further, a novel pathway for saccharide transformation and aldol condensation without the drawbacks associated with enzymatic catalysts is achieved through the acyclic saccharides trapped by the LDH-based material.

GLYONIC LIQUIDS AND USES THEREOF

The present invention provides ionic liquids (ILs) comprising a carbohydrate anionic moiety and a cationic counter-ion moiety (Q) and methods for producing and using the same. In one particular embodiment, the carbohydrate anionic moiety portion of ILs of the present invention is of the formula: (I) wherein G is selected from the group consisting of a monosaccharide, a disaccharide, a trisaccharide, and a derivative thereof; and L is a moiety selected from the group consisting of: (IIA) (IIB) wherein each of R, R, and Ris independently hydrogen, Calkyl, or Cmono- or di-unsaturated alkenyl; Ais —CO, —POH, or —SO; and each of * marked carbon atom is independently a chiral center when said carbon atom has four different groups attached thereto.

RNAi Agents And Compositions for Inhibiting Expression of Apolipoprotein C-III (APOC3)

The present disclosure relates to RNAi agents, e.g., double stranded RNAi agents, capable of inhibiting Apolipoprotein C-III (also called APOC3, apoC-III, APOC-III, and APO C-III) gene expression, and compositions that include APOC3 RNAi agents. The APOC3 RNAi agents disclosed herein may be conjugated to targeting ligands, including ligands that include N-acetyl-galactosamine, to facilitate the delivery to cells, including to hepatocytes. Pharmaceutical compositions that include one or more APOC3 RNAi agents, optionally with one or more additional therapeutics, are also described. Delivery of the APOC3 RNAi agents in vivo provides for inhibition of APOC3 gene expression, and can result in lower triglycerides and/or cholesterol levels in the subject. The APOC3 RNAi agents can be used in methods of treatment of APOC3-related diseases and disorders, including hypertriglyceridemia, cardiovascular disease, and other metabolic-related disorders and diseases.

HYDRATED AND ANHYDROUS POLYMORPHS OF 2'-O-FUCOSYLLACTOSE AND THEIR PRODUCTION METHODS

This invention describes new hydrated and anhydrous polymorphs of 2′-0-ficosyllactose (2′FL): Polymorph A 2′FL-3/2HO, Polymorph B 2TL-5/2HO and anhydrous Polymorph C. There is also a description of the methods for obtaining them, and of a new method for preparing Polymorph I already known in the literature. 116.-. (canceled)17. 2′-O-Fucosyllactose (2′FL) in anhydrous crystalline form of polymorph C , wherein said polymorph C has characteristic XRPD peaks at 17.58±0.20 , 17.44±0.20 , 10.63±0.20 2Θ.18. A polymorph C according to claim 17 , having characteristic XRPD peaks at 17.58±0.20 claim 17 , 17.44±0.20 claim 17 , 10.63±0.20 claim 17 , 5.30±0.2 claim 17 , 20.05±0.20 2Θ.19. A polymorph C according to claim 17 , wherein the single crystal is arranged within a monocline system and the elementary cell has the following parameters: a=5.058(1) Å claim 17 , b=12.773(3) Å claim 17 , c=16.692(5) Å and a volume of 1074.75 Å.20. A method for preparing the polymorph C according to claim 17 , the method comprising crystallizing 2′FL from a C-Calcohol or mixtures thereof.21. A method for preparing the polymorph I claim 17 , having an X-ray powder diffraction with characteristic peaks at angles 2Θ 21.34±0.20° claim 17 , 20.92±0.20° claim 17 , 18.37±0.20° claim 17 , 16.70±0.20° claim 17 , 9.91±0.20° claim 17 , 13.13±0.20° claim 17 , 7.87±0.20° and 8.90±0.20° claim 17 , said method comprising the crystallization from glacial acetic acid.2223.-. (canceled)24. A method for obtaining crystalline 2′-O-Fucosyllactose (2′FL) anhydrate in form of polymorph C with molecular formula CHO claim 17 , the method comprising:{'sub': 1', '3', '18', '32', '15', '2, 'providing a mixture comprising (i) a C-Calcohol or mixture thereof and (ii) a 2′FL hydrate in form of polymorph A with molecular formula CHO.nHO wherein n is 3/2; and'}warming the mixture at a temperature in range of 30° C. to 70° C. for 1 hr to 24 hr, thereby crystallizing the 2′FL and forming 2′FL anhydrate in form of polymorph C ...

HYDRATED AND ANHYDROUS POLYMORPHS OF 2'-O-FUCOSYLLACTOSE AND THEIR PRODUCTION METHODS

This invention describes new hydrated and anhydrous polymorphs of 2′-O-fucosyllactose (2′FL): Polymorph A 2′FL-3/2HO, Polymorph B 2TL-5/2 HO and anhydrous Polymorph C. There is also a description of the methods for obtaining them, and of a new method for preparing Polymorph I already known in the literature. 123.-. (canceled)24. A method for obtaining crystalline 2′-O-Fucosyllactose (2′FL) , the method comprising:providing 2′FL in an aqueous solution comprising (i) water and (ii) the 2′FL dissolved therein;adding a crystallization solvent to the aqueous solution over a period of 1 hr to 15 hr, thereby crystallizing the 2′FL and forming 2′FL crystals suspended in the aqueous solution;separating the 2′FL crystals from the aqueous solution to collect solid 2′FL crystals; anddrying the solid 2′FL crystals.25. The method of claim 24 , wherein providing the aqueous solution comprises dissolving in the water a 2′FL hydrate in form of polymorph A with molecular formula CHO.nHO wherein n is 3/2.26. The method of claim 24 , wherein providing the aqueous solution comprises dissolving in the water a 2′FL form selected from the group consisting of 2′FL polymorph A claim 24 , 2′FL polymorph B claim 24 , 2′FL polymorph C claim 24 , 2′FL polymorph I claim 24 , 2′FL polymorph II claim 24 , amorphous 2′FL claim 24 , and combinations thereof.27. The method of claim 24 , further comprising:performing a synthesis procedure selected from the group consisting of extraction, enzymatic synthesis, chemical synthesis, and combinations thereof to obtain the 2′FL that is then dissolved in the water to provide the aqueous solution.28. The method of claim 24 , wherein the aqueous solution is in the form or a syrup having a 2′FL concentration in a range of 50 wt. % to 80 wt. %.29. The method of claim 24 , wherein the crystallization solvent is selected from the group consisting of alcohols claim 24 , ketones claim 24 , nitriles claim 24 , organic acids claim 24 , esters claim 24 , and combinations ...

TECHNOLOGY FOR EXTRACTING AND PREPARING HIGH-PURITY RAFFINOSE FROM DEFATTED WHEAT GERM

The present invention discloses a process for preparing high-purity raffinose from defatted wheat germ comprising the steps of percolate extraction of raffinose from defatted wheat germ, decoloration by extraction from the abstraction liquid, electrodialysis desalination, impurity removal by simulated moving bed, concentration and crystallization, with the absolute purity of raffinose as high as 98% and the recovery up to 75%. The process is not only reliable and easy to operate, but also easy to realize industrial production and control the parameters. 1. A process for preparing high-purity raffinose from defatted wheat germ , the method comprising the follows steps:(1) conducting percolation extraction of the defatted wheat germ, and collecting percolate containing raffinose;(2) concentrating percolate of Step (1) to remove alcohol, dissolving solid substance followed by filtering to insoluble substance, extracting the filtrate with an organic solvent and concentrating the aqueous phase, obtaining a decolored solution;(3) processing the decolored solution of Step (2) with a microporous membrane of a drainage, diluting the solution with water to obtain a pretreatment liquid with 50˜150 mg/mL solid concentration, and desalinating the pretreatment liquid with electrodialysis to obtain a desalination solution;(4) separating the desalination solution of Step (3) with a simulated moving bed, and collecting flow containing raffinose, obtaining a supersaturated syrup by concentrating; and(5) crystallizing the supersaturated syrup and obtaining white crystallization raffinose after drying.2. The process for preparing high-purity raffinose from defatted wheat germ claim 1 , according to claim 1 , characterized in that the volume of solution with dissolving solid substance of step (2) is 20%˜35% of the percolate volume.3. The process for preparing high-purity raffinose from defatted wheat germ claim 1 , according to claim 1 , characterized in that organic solvent of Step (2) ...

REAGENT-CONTROLLED STEREOSELECTIVE GLYCOSYLATION

Provided are methods for the efficient stereoselective formation of glycosidic bonds, without recourse to prosthetic or directing groups. 1. A method of forming a glycosidic bond , comprising:combining a first solvent, a reducing sugar, and a first strong Bronsted base, thereby forming a first reaction mixture;combining a sulfonylating agent and the first reaction mixture, thereby forming a glycosyl sulfonate;combining a second solvent, a glycosyl acceptor, and a second strong Bronsted base, thereby forming a second reaction mixture; andcombining the glycosyl sulfonate and the second reaction mixture, thereby forming a glycosidic bond;wherein the reducing sugar is a pyranose; the sulfonylating agent is a sulfonyl halide; and the glycosidic bond is formed with greater than or equal to 90% stereoselectivity for a particular stereochemical configuration.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the glycosidic bond is formed with greater than or equal to 95% stereoselectivity for a particular stereochemical configuration.3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reducing sugar is a 2-deoxy-sugar.6. (canceled)7. (canceled)8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reducing sugar is a -sugar; and the particular stereochemical configuration is a β linkage.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the reducing sugar is a 2-deoxy--sugar.10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the reducing sugar is a -pyranose.11. (canceled)12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reducing sugar is an -sugar; and the particular stereochemical configuration is a β linkage.13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the reducing sugar is a 2-deoxy--sugar.14. The method of claim 12 , wherein the reducing sugar is an -pyranose.15. (canceled)16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reducing sugar is a 2 claim 1 ,6-dideoxy--sugar.18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first strong Bronsted base is non-nucleophilic.19. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second strong Bronsted base is non-nucleophilic.20. ...

ALKALINE PH-MODIFIED EDIBLE CASEIN-BASED FILMS AND COATINGS, AND METHOD FOR THE MAKING THEREOF

Improved casein-based films are produced by adjusting the pH of a film-production suspension. The film-production suspension may contain a casein source, a plasticizer, and optionally a strengthening additive. The adjustment of the pH may be accomplished by the addition of an alkaline additive, such as a base, to achieve a desired pH value. The improved casein-based films have improved physical properties as compared to those produced without a pH-adjusted film-production suspension at least in part due to the chemical and structural changes imparted by the change in pH. 1: A casein-based film , comprising:a casein source;a plasticizer; andan alkaline additive,wherein the film has a melting point temperature at 50% relative humidity of at least 60° C.2: The casein-based film of claim 1 , wherein the film has a storage modulus claim 1 , G′ claim 1 , at 50% relative humidity and 60° C. claim 1 , of at least 150 MPa.3: The casein-based film of claim 1 , wherein the casein source is one of a caseinate claim 1 , a fluid or dried milk product claim 1 , milk protein concentrate claim 1 , micellar casein concentrate claim 1 , and a mixture thereof.4: The casein-based film of claim 1 , wherein the plasticizer is one of glycerol claim 1 , sorbitol claim 1 , propylene glycol claim 1 , polypropylene glycol claim 1 , sucrose claim 1 , and a mixture thereof.5: The casein-based film of claim 1 , wherein the amounts of the casein source and the plasticizer are present in a ratio of casein source:plasticizer being 99:1 to 1:1.6: The casein-based film of claim 1 , further comprising a strengthening additive.7: The casein-based film of claim 6 , wherein the strengthening additive is one of a pectin claim 6 , a polysaccharide claim 6 , a pullulan-microbial polysaccharide claim 6 , a dextrin claim 6 , an oligosaccharides claim 6 , a monosaccharide claim 6 , a disaccharide claim 6 , high fructose corn syrup claim 6 , cellulose claim 6 , hemi-cellulose claim 6 , a gum or the constitutive ...

METHODS OF PRODUCING SIALOOLIGOSACCHARIDES AND USES THEREOF

The present invention provides a method of producing a sialooligosaccharide, which comprises: (1) hydrolyzing a sialoglycoprotein by heating at a temperature from 70 to 90° C. in an alkaline aqueous solution; and (2) purifying the hydrolysate to obtain the sialooligosaccharide, wherein a weight ratio of sialic acid to hexose contained in the resulting sialooligosaccharide is from 0.5 to 0.9. 1. A method of producing a sialooligosaccharide , which comprises:(1) hydrolyzing a sialoglycoprotein by heating at a temperature from 70 to 90° C. in an alkaline aqueous solution; and(2) purifying the hydrolysate to obtain a sialooligosaccharide,wherein a weight ratio of sialic acid to hexose contained in the resulting sialooligosaccharide is from 0.5 to 0.9.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the sialoglycoprotein is a mucin-type glycoprotein.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the sialoglycoprotein is a mucin-type glycoprotein contained in the nest of the Collocaliini tribe.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the alkaline aqueous solution is an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the purification is performed by reverse osmosis membrane filtration or electrodialysis.6. A sialooligosaccharide claim 1 , which is produced by a method comprising:(1) hydrolyzing a sialoglycoprotein by heating at a temperature from 70 to 90° C. in an alkaline aqueous solution; and(2) purifying the hydrolysate to obtain the sialooligosaccharide,wherein a weight ratio of sialic acid to hexose contained in the resulting sialooligosaccharide is from 0.5 to 0.9.7. A method for promoting hair growth claim 6 , which comprises claim 6 , administering an effective amount of the sialooligosaccharide according to to a subject in need thereof.8. A method for promoting skeletal muscle formation claim 6 , which comprises claim 6 , administering an effective amount of the sialooligosaccharide according to to a subject in need thereof. The ...

Process for Spray Drying Fucosyllactose Solutions and Related Product Compositions

This specification relates to a process for preparing a dried fucosyllactose (FL) from an FL solution by spray drying. This specification also relates to an FL in powder form having high bulk density, such as is obtained by the process disclosed in this specification, as well as prebiotics, probiotics and foods comprising the FL. 1. A process for preparing a dried fucosyllactose , wherein:the process comprises:providing a fucosyllactose solution comprising a fucosyllactose selected from the group consisting of 2′-fucosyllactose and 3-fucosyllactose in an aqueous medium,feeding the fucosyllactose solution into a spray dryer, andspray drying the fucosyllactose solution using the spray dryer; andthe fucosyllactose solution comprises no organic solvent or less than 1% (by weight) of organic solvent.2. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the fucosyllactose solution comprises 2′-fucosyllactose.3. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the fucosyllactose solution does not comprise any 3-fucosyllactose.4. A process according to claim 2 , wherein the fucosyllactose solution comprises no fucosyllactose other than 2′-fucosyllactose.5. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the fucosyllactose solution comprises 3-fucosyllactose.6. A process according to claim 5 , wherein the fucosyllactose solution does not comprise any 2′-fucosyllactose.7. A process according to claim 5 , wherein fucosyllactose solution comprises no fucosyllactose other than 3-fucosyllactose.8. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the fucosyllactose solution comprises less than 0.001% (by weight) organic solvent.9. (canceled)10. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the fucosyllactose solution has a Brix value of from about 8 to about 75% Brix before spray drying.11. A process according to claim 10 , wherein the fucosyllactose solution has a Brix value of from about 30 to about 65% Brix before spray drying.12. A process according to claim 10 , wherein the fucosyllactose solution has a Brix ...

Tumor specific oligosaccharide epitopes and use thereof

The present invention describes oligosaccharide sequences, which are specifically expressed by human tumors. The present invention is related to a method of determining an oligosaccharide sequence, which comprises a tumor specific terminal N-acetylglucosamine residue, in a biological sample, the presence of said sequence in said sample being an indication of the presence of cancer. The present invention provides antigenic substances comprising said oligosaccharide sequences in a polyvalent form and it further provides diagnostic agents, pharmaceutical compositions and cancer vaccines comprising said oligosaccharide sequences or substances binding to said oligosaccharide sequences. The present invention is also related to methods for the treatment of cancer. 1. A method of treating human cancer , the method comprising a step of administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising a substance binding to a human tumor specific oligosaccharide sequence containing a terminal protein linked GlcNAcβ structure or a terminal protein linked GlcNAcβ glycan structure to a human patient suffering from cancer.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said human cancer is a human tumor and said human tumor specific oligosaccharide sequence is expressed on the cell surface or tissue surface of said human tumor.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said substance is an antibody claim 1 , a human antibody claim 1 , or a humanized antibody claim 1 , a lectin claim 1 , or a fragment thereof.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein said human tumor is diagnosed to express increased amounts of said human tumor specific oligosaccharide sequence when compared to patient's normal tissue.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said oligosaccharide sequence has the sequence according to Formula{'br': None, 'sub': s1', 's2, '[GlcNAcβx/Galβ3](GlcNAcβ1-6)Sacch'}wherein x is 3, when Sacch is GalNAc;or x is 2, when Sacch is Man; and whereins1 and s2 are independently 0 or 1 with the proviso that there is at least one ...

RAPID-ACTING INSULIN FORMULATION COMPRISING A SUBSTITUTED ANIONIC COMPOUND

A composition in aqueous solution includes insulin and at least one substituted anionic compound chosen from substituted anionic compounds consisting of a backbone formed from a discrete number u of between 1 and 8 (1≤u≤8) of identical or different saccharide units, linked via identical or different glycoside bonds, the saccharide units being chosen from the group consisting of hexoses, in cyclic form or in open reduced form, said compound comprising partially substituted carboxyl functional groups, the unsubstituted carboxyl functional groups being salifiable. A pharmaceutical formulation including the composition is also set forth. 1. A rapid acting insulin lispro pharmaceutical composition suitable for injection and having a pH of 7.4±0.4 , comprising:an insulin lispro in hexameric form; wherein the insulin has a concentration between 100 to 200 IU/mL;{'sup': +', '+', '2+', '2+, 'a polyanionic compound in a concentration between 10 and 30 mM, wherein the polyanionic compound is citric acid or the Na, K, Ca or Mg salt thereof;'}a preservative;a tonicity agent;{'sup': 2', '−1, 'the insulin pharmaceutical composition having a circular dichroism signal at 251 nm at or below −300 deg cmdmol.'}2. The rapid acting insulin lispro pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition does not include EDTA.3. The rapid acting insulin lispro pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the tonicity agent is selected from the group consisting of glycerol claim 1 , sodium chloride (NaCl) claim 1 , mannitol and glycine.4. The rapid acting insulin lispro pharmaceutical composition of claim 3 , wherein the tonicity agent is sodium chloride.5. The rapid acting insulin lispro pharmaceutical composition of claim 5 , further comprising zinc salts.6. The rapid acting insulin lispro pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the preservative is m-cresol.7. The rapid acting insulin lispro pharmaceutical composition of claim 5 , further comprising a ...

HYDRATED AND ANHYDROUS POLYMORPHS OF 2'-O-FUCOSSYLLACTOSE AND THEIR PRODUCTION METHODS

This invention describes new hydrated and anhydrous polymorphs of 2′-O-fucosyllactose (2′FL): Polymorph A 2′FL-3/2 HO, Polymorph B 2 TL-5/2 HO and anhydrous Polymorph C. There is also a description of the methods for obtaining them, and of a new method for preparing Polymorph I already known in the literature. 1. 2′-O-Fucosyllactose (2′FL) hydrate with molecular formula CHO·nHOwherein n is a number in the range between 1 and 3.2. 2′FL according to claim 1 , wherein n is 3/2.3. 2′FL according to claim 2 , in crystalline form of polymorph A claim 2 , wherein said polymorph A is 2′FL·3/2 HO claim 2 , having characteristic XRPD peaks at 18.86±0.20 claim 2 , 9.89+0.20 claim 2 , 17.05±0.20 20.4. A polymorph A according to claim 3 , having characteristic XRPD peaks at 18.86±0.20 claim 3 , 9.89±0.20 claim 3 , 17.05+0.20 claim 3 , 21.65±0.2 claim 3 , 14.20+0.20 20.5. A polymorph A according to claim 3 , wherein the single crystal has a P222spatial group which is arranged within an orthorhombic crystalline system and the elementary cell has the following parameters: a=12.4098(8) Å claim 3 , b=12.737(2) Å claim 3 , c=13.756(2) Å and a volume of 2212.5 Å.6. A polymorph A according to claim 3 , having anomeric conformation.7. A method for obtaining the polymorph A claim 3 , according to claim 3 , said method comprising the crystallization of 2′FL from a mixture comprising water and at least one solvent claim 3 , wherein said solvent may be selected from alcohols claim 3 , ketones claim 3 , nitriles claim 3 , organic acids claim 3 , esters.8. A method according to claim 7 , wherein the solvent is selected from C 1-C3 alcohol.9. A method according to claim 7 , wherein the quantity of water with respect to the solvent may range between 40 and 10% (v/v).10. 2′FL according to claim 1 , wherein n is 5/2.11. 2′FL according to claim 10 , in crystalline form of polymorph B claim 10 , wherein said polymorph B is 2′FL·5/2 HO claim 10 , having characteristic XRPD peaks at 9.96±0.20 claim 10 ...

IONIC LIQUID SUPPORTED SYNTHESIS

The present invention relates to ionic liquids for use in chemical applications and capable of serving the dual function of solvent and liquid support. The ionic liquid lends itself to a method of synthesizing oligomers selected from the group consisting of oligopeptides, oligosaccharides and oligonucleotides, comprising contacting a first monomer unit with an ionic liquid at reaction conditions to provide an ionic liquid bound monomer unit; and contacting the ionic liquid bound monomer unit with at least one further monomer unit at reaction conditions to provide an ionic liquid bound oligomer comprising from 2 to 30 monomer units. The method lends itself to large scale manufacture of oligopeptides, oligosaccharides and oligonucleotides. 131-. (canceled)32. A kit comprising at least one ionic liquid , wherein the ionic liquid is an organic salt comprising:a heterocyclic or substituted heterocyclic quaternary nitrogen-containing organic cation, a heterocyclic or substituted heterocyclic quaternary phosphonium containing organic cation, or a heterocyclic or substituted heterocyclic trivalent sulfonium containing organic cation, andan anion balancing the charge on the organic cation,and monomeric units selected from amino acids, saccharides and nucleotides.33. The kit of claim 32 , suitable for producing an oligopeptide claim 32 , an oligosaccharide or an oligonucleotide comprising at least 2 monomeric units.34. An article of manufacture comprising at least one ionic liquid claim 32 , wherein the ionic liquid is an organic salt comprising:a heterocyclic or substituted heterocyclic quaternary nitrogen-containing organic cation, a heterocyclic or substituted heterocyclic quaternary phosphonium containing organic cation, or a heterocyclic or substituted heterocyclic trivalent sulfonium containing organic cation, andan anion balancing the charge on the organic cation,and further comprising monomeric units selected from amino acids, saccharides and nucleotides.35. The ...

PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING MATERIALS HAVING A ZEOLITE-TYPE FRAMEWORK WITH HETEROATOMS INCORPORATED THEREIN

A process of producing a zeotype material having a zeolite-type framework. The process includes providing a zeolite having a framework, dealuminating the zeolite to remove aluminum atoms therefrom to produce a dealuminated framework comprising a plurality of vacancy sites, contacting the dealuminated framework with dichloromethane and a precursor comprising heteroatoms, and then heating the dealuminated framework, the dichloromethane, and the precursor under reflux conditions to incorporate the heteroatoms into at least some of the plurality of vacancy sites in the dealuminated framework to produce a zeotype material having a zeolite-type framework comprising the heteroatoms. In addition, a process is provided for producing a stannosilicate comprising a zeolite-type framework comprising Sn heteroatoms incorporated therein which form Sn sites in the zeolite-type framework each having an open configuration or a closed configuration. This process includes controlling relative amounts of Sn sites having open and closed configurations in the stannosilicate. 1. A process comprising:providing a zeolite having a framework;dealuminating the zeolite to remove aluminum atoms therefrom to produce a dealuminated framework comprising a plurality of vacancy sites;contacting the dealuminated framework with a polar aprotic solvent and a precursor comprising heteroatoms; and thenheating the dealuminated framework, the solvent, and the precursor under reflux conditions to incorporate the heteroatoms into at least some of the plurality of vacancy sites in the dealuminated framework to produce a zeotype material having a zeolite-type framework comprising the heteroatoms.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the solvent is dichloromethane.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the heteroatoms are Sn or Ti.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the framework of the zeolite has a Beta topology.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the heteroatoms are incorporated into more than ninety percent of the ...

Process for the purification of a neutral human milk oligosaccharide (hmo) from microbial fermentation

The invention relates to a process for the purification of a neutral human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) from a fermentation broth, the process comprising the steps of: (i) separating biomass from the fermentation broth to provide a cmde solution; (ii) treating the crude solution with: (a) a cation-exchange material; (b) an anion-exchange material; and (c) a cation-exchange adsorbent resin; thereby obtaining a purified solution containing the neutral human milk oligosaccharide. Further, the invention relates to a process for fermentatively producing HMO in a fermentation broth and purifying the HMO from the broth.

PROCESS FOR EFFICIENT PURIFICATION OF NEUTRAL HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES (HMOs) FROM MICROBIAL FERMENTATION

The present application discloses a simple process for the purification of neutral human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) produced by microbial fermentation. The process uses a combination of cationic ion exchanger treatment, an anionic ion exchanger treatment, and a nanofiltration and/or electrodialysis step, which allows efficient purification of large quantities of neutral HMOs at high purity. Contrary to the purification currently used in fermentative production of neutral HMOs, the presented process allows the provision of HMOs without the need of a chromatographic separation. The so purified HMOs may be obtained in solid form by spray drying, as crystalline material or as sterile filtered concentrate. The provided HMOs are free of proteins and recombinant material originating from the used recombinant microbial strains and thus very well-suited for use in food, medical food and feed (e.g. pet food) applications. 2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the separating step i) is performed using ultrafiltration using a cross-flow filter.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the separated fermentation broth obtained in step i) is diafiltrated before step ii).4. The process of claim 3 , further comprising subjecting the solution to electrodialysis before or after step v).5. The process of claim 4 , further comprising concentrating the purified solution by vacuum evaporation or reverse osmosis.6E. coli.. The process of claim 4 , further comprising adding a ß-glucosidase to the fermentation broth prior to step i). The process of claim 4 , wherein the microbe is recombinant8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the yield of the purified HMO is about 70% relative to the concentration of the neutral HMO in the fermentation broth.10. The process of claim 9 , wherein the separating step i) is performed using ultrafiltration using a cross-flow filter.11. The process of claim 9 , wherein the separated fermentation broth obtained in step i) is diafiltrated before step ii).12. The process ...

MICROWAVE ASSISTED CITRUS WASTE BIOREFINERY

There is described a method of isolating one or more of pectin, d-limonene, a flavour compound, a flavonoid, a soluble monosaccharide, a decomposition product of a monosaccharide and cellulose, from citrus material wherein said method comprises the microwave assisted hydrothermal low temperature treatment of citrus material. 1. A method of isolating one or more of pectin , d-limonene , a flavour compound , a flavonoid , a soluble monosaccharide , a decomposition product of a monosaccharide and cellulose , from citrus material wherein said method comprises the microwave assisted hydrothermal low temperature treatment of citrus material.2. A method according to wherein the isolation of one or more of pectin claim 1 , d-limonene claim 1 , a flavour compound claim 1 , a flavonoid claim 1 , a soluble monosaccharide claim 1 , a decomposition product of a monosaccharide and cellulose claim 1 , is conducted in a substantially acid free environment.3. A method according to wherein the citrus material is waste citrus material claim 1 , such as waste citrus peel.4. A method according to wherein the citrus material is combined with water and an organic solvent separately claim 1 , simultaneously or sequentially claim 1 , and is then subjected to microwave energy.5. A method according to which is carried out at an elevated temperature.69-. (canceled)10. A method according to wherein a solids-to-solvent ratio is from about no solvent to about 5:1 w/w.1112-. (canceled)13. A method according to which comprises the isolation of pectin claim 1 , from citrus material claim 1 , wherein said method comprises the microwave assisted hydrothermal low temperature treatment of citrus material.14. Pectin prepared by a method according to .15. Pectin according to which has a degree of esterification (DE) of ≧80%.16. Pectin according to which is substantially acid free.17. Pectin which has a polydispersity of from about 1 to about 2.5.18. Pectin which has a molecular weight of about ≧1×10g/mol. ...

Process for the preparation of (2r,3s)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxytetrahydrofuran-3-ol and acetylated derivatives thereof, free of pyranose compounds

The invention provides methyl-2-deoxyriboside containing at most 5 wt % of methyl-2-deoxyribopyranoside, based on the combined weight of methyl-2-deoxyriboside and methyl-2-deoxyribopyranoside.

COMPOSITION COMPRISING SIALLYLLACTOSE FOR USE IN ENHANCING LEARNING SKILLS AND MEMORY FUNCTION

This invention relates to the use of a nutritional composition comprising sialylated oligosaccharides for enhancing cognitive development and learning skills in mammals. The nutritional composition comprises 3′-Siallylactose (3′-SL) and 6′-Siallylactose (6′-SL) in a weight ratio between 10:1 and 1:10 and is specifically for use in enhancing learning skills and/or enhancing memory function in an individual by increasing the sialic acid (Neu5Ac) concentration in the brain of said individual. 1. A method for enhancing learning skills , enhancing memory function in an individual , by increasing the sialic acid (Neu5Ac) concentration in the brain of the individual comprising administering a nutritional composition comprising 3′-Siallylactose (3′-SL) and 6′-Siallylactose (6′-SL) in a weight ratio between 10:1 and 1:10 to an individual in need of same.2. Method according to claim 1 , wherein 3′-Siallylactose (3′-SL) and 6′-Siallylactose (6′-SL) are in a weight ratio between 10:1 and 2:1.3. (canceled)4. Method according to claim 1 , wherein 3′-Siallylactose (3′-SL) and 6′-Siallylactose (6′-SL) are in an amount of from 50 mg to 2500 mg of total sialyllactose per L of the nutritional composition.5. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the nutritional composition is administered to the individual during the early age of the individual.6. (canceled)7. Method according to claim 1 , wherein 3′-Siallylactose (3′-SL) and 6′-Siallylactose (6′-SL) are administered to the individual during the first two weeks after birth in an amount effective to provide from 140 mg to 180 mg in an amount effective to provide from 110 mg to 150 mg.8. Method according to claim 1 , wherein 3′-Sialyllactose (3′-SL) and 6′-Sialyllactose (6′-SL) are administered to the individual in an amount corresponding to from 350 mg to 530 mg of N-Acetyl-neuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) per kg body weight per day.9. (canceled)10. Method according to claim 1 , wherein increasing the sialic acid (Neu5Ac) concentration in the ...