СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ПОЛИМЕРОВ ВИНИЛИДЕНФТОРИДА

Описывается способ получения полимеров винилиденфторида (VDF), который включает полимеризацию VDF возможно в сочетании с другими фторсодержащими олефинами в водной среде в присутствии инициатора радикалов и 1,1, 1-трифтор-2,2-дихлорэтана (НСFС-123) в качеств агента передачи цепи. Технический результат заключается в том, что получают конечный продукт с очень хорошими характеристиками по цвету (внешний вид), по существу свободный от явлений пожелтения при повышенных температурах. 3 з.п.ф-лы, 2 табл.

Verfahren zur Polymerisation oder Mischpolymerisation von vollstaendig halogenierten AEthylenen, die mindestens je ein Chlor- und ein Fluoratom enthalten

FLUOROSULFONEELASTOMERE MIT NIEDRIGEM TG BASIEREND AUF VINYLIDENFLUORIT

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON POLYVINYLIDENFLUORID

IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO MANUFACTURE OF PERHALOCARBONS

... 723,445. Polymerization; perhalopolymers. KELLOGG CO., M. W. April 18, 1952 [May 11, 1951], No. 9792/52. Drawings to Specification. Class 2 (5). [Also in Group IV (b)] Liquid or solid perhalo-polymers are made by polymerizing, e.g. in a solvent or diluent, a perhalo-olefin alone or with another perhalo-olefin or with another halogen-containing organic monomer in the presence of a completely or partially chlorinated and/or fluorinated aliphatic acyl peroxide having at least 6 carbon atoms per molecule as catalyst, and optionally a chain-terminating agent which may be the solvent. The concentration of the catalyst is preferably maintained during the polymerization between 0.01 and 0.5 per cent of the olefin for solid polymers and between 0.5 to 10 per cent for liquid polymers. Perhalo-olefins and monomers mentioned are trifluorochloroethylene, tetrafluorethylene, perfluorobutadiene, difluorodichloroethylene, perfluoropropene, perfluoromonochloropropene, perfluorobutene, perfluoromonochlorobutene ...

METHOD OF PREPARING VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE POLYMER

... 1441314 Polymerizing vinylidene fluoride PENNWALT CORP 16 Oct 1973 [17 Oct 1972] 48193/73 Heading C3P Vinylidene fluoride is polymerized or copolymerized in aqueous suspension in the presence of 0À5-1À5% (by weight of total monomer feed) of diisopropylperoxydicarbonate as initiator, 10-50% of 1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane as accelerator and 0À5-5À5% of acetone as chain transfer agent at a temperature of 35-100‹ C. and a pressure of 300-1000 p.s.i. the monomer and initiator system being added incrementally or continuously such that a conversion rate of 30-250 gms. of monomer to polymer per litre of reaction mixture per hour is attained.

Polyvinylidene fluoride

Vinylidene fluoride is polymerized in the presence of from 0.01 to 3% by weight based on the vinylidene fluoride of at least one catalyst which is a di-alkyl peroxydicarbonate in which the alkyl radicals are methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, sec-butyl or neopentyl radicals, and in the presence of at least one polymerization regulator which is a ketone containing 3 or 4 carbon atoms in the molecule, a saturated alcohol containing from 3 to 6 carbon atoms in the molecule or a linear or branched saturated hydrocarbon or an unsubstituted saturated cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon both having from 3 to 12 carbon atoms in the molecule. Polymerization is carried out by suspension or precipitation polymerization, in the latter case the polymerization regulator serves as a solvent.

EMULSIFYING AGENT-FREE AQUEOUS EMULSION POLYMERIZATION PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FLUORINE POLYMERS

MORE VINYLIDENFLUORIDPOLYMERPULVER AND ITS USE

AQUEOUS PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FLUORINE POLYMERS

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF VINYLIDENEFLUORIDEPOLYMEREN

PROCEDURE FOR THE INTERMITTENT SUSPENSION POLYMERIZATION OF VINYLIDENFLUORID IN WAESSRIGEM MEDIUM.

FLUROCARBON RUBBER

Sealing material for semiconductor device and method for production thereof

VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE POLYMER RESIN HAVING IMPROVED PROPERTIES

PROCESS OF PREPARING POLYVINYLIDENE FLUORIDE

METHOD OF PREPARING HIGH QUALITY VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE POLYMER IN AQUEOUS EMULSION

LOW TG VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE-BASED FLUOROSULFONE ELASTOMERS

La présente invention décrit la synthèse de nouveaux élastomères fluorés présentant de très basses températures de transition vitreuse (T g), une bonne résistance aux bases, au pétrole et aux carburants et de bonnes propriétés de mise en oeuvre. Ces élastomères contiennent, à titre d'exemple, de 80 à 60 % en moles de fluorure de vinylidène (VDF) et de 20 à 40 % en moles de perfluoro(4-méthyl-3,6-dioxaoct-7-ène) fluorure de sulfonyle (PFSO2F). Dans ce cas précis, ils sont préparés par copolymérisation radicalaire du VDF et du PFSO2F en présence de différents amorceurs organiques, par exemple, des peroxydes, des peresters ou des diazoïques.

Procédé de fabrication d'articles façonnés en polymères du fluorure de vinylidène et articles façonnés obtenus par ce procédé

Method of producing fluoropolymers using acid-functionalized monomers

A fluoropolymer latex is obtained by emulsion polymerization of one or more fluoromonomers in the presence of one or more acid-functionalized monomers such as vinyl sulfonic acid or a salt thereof. A fluorosurfactant need not be present.

METHOD FOR THE BATCHWISE POLYMERIZATION IN AN AQUEOUS MEDIUM OF SUSPENDING THE VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE AND USE VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE POLYMERS RESULTING FOR THE ELECTROCOAT COATING ARTICLES.

PROCEEDED OF PREPARATION OF NEW COPOLYMERS HAS FLUORINATED POLYMERIC SKELETON INCLUDING/UNDERSTANDING HANGING CHAINS OF TYPE POLYOXYALKYLENE

L'invention a trait à de nouveaux copolymères et à un procédé de préparation associé, comprenant des motifs répétitifs porteurs d'un chaîne pendante du type polyoxyalkylène ...

PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF POLYMERS OF VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE AND USE OF POLYMERS OF VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE FOR THE FORMULATION OF PAINTINGS

MANUFACTORING PROCESS OF TERPOLYMERES CONTAINING VDF, TRFE AND CFE OR CTFE

EMULSION POLYMERISATION OF VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE

PROCESS OF POLYMERIZATION OR COPOLYMERIZATION IN EMULSION OF VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE

VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE COPOLYMERS

FORFARANDE FOR EMULSIONSPOLYMERISATION ELLER EMULSIONSSAMPOLYMERISATION AV VINYLIDENFLUORID

PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A DISPERSION OF A VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE POLYMER

A process for manufacturing a dispersions of a vinylidene fluoride (VDF) thermoplastic polymer [polymer (F)], said process comprising polymerizing VDF in an aqueous phase comprising: - at least one surfactant selected from the group consisting of non-fluorinated surfactants [surfactant (HS)] and fluorinated surfactants having a molecular weight of less than 400 [surfactant (FS)]; and - at least one functional (per)fluoropolyether (functional PFPE) comprising at least one (per)fluoropolyoxyalkylene chain [chain (R'F)] and at least one functional group, said functional PFPE having a number average molecular weight of at least 1000 and a solubility in water of less than 1 % by weight at 25°C, wherein said functional PFPE is present in the aqueous phase in an amount of 0.001 to 0.3 g/l.

FLUOROPOLYMER WITH ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY

The invention relates to a grafted fluoropolymer onto which is grafted at least one unsaturated monomer of formula in which: A is a -C(=O)-O-, -O-C(=O)-, -C(=O)-NR'- or -(CH2)x-C(=O)-NH- group, x being an integer between 1 and 12; R and R' are H or CH3; B is a linear or branched C1-C20 alkylene chain, or arylene or alkylarylene chain; W+ is a quaternary ammonium group, a phosphonium group, or a saturated or unsaturated heterocycle comprising a nitrogen atom, chosen from piperidine, piperazine, morpholine, thiomorpholine, 15-thiazole, isothiazole, pyrazole, indole, indazole, imidazole, benzimidazole, quinoline, isoquinoline, benzotriazole, benzothiazole, benzoisothiazole, benzoxazole, benzoxazine, isoxazole, pyrrole, pyrazine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, quinazoline and acridine; 20 X- is an anion. This fluoropolymer has antibacterial activity.

Vinylidene fluoride polymer having improved melt flow properties

A high molecular weight vinylidene fluoride polymer resin having improved melt flow properties and further characterized as having a bimodal molecular weight distribution, as measured by gel permeation chromatography, and a specified critical shear stress.

PROHEALING PIEZOELECTRIC COATINGS

Provided herein is a prohealing piezoelectric coating and the method of making and using the same.

Piezoelectric film and process for producing same

A piezoelectric film which is better in heat and deformation resistant properties than those in the prior art is provided along with a method of manufacture. The film is a piezoelectric film that is composed of a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and trifluoroethylene, the copolymer having a content of vinylidene fluoride in a range of not less than 82 mol % and not more than 86 mol % and having a molecular weight not less than 600,000. The piezoelectric film is subjected to a heat treatment for crystallization of the copolymer at a temperature ranging from not less than 140° C. to not more than 150° C., and is thereby caused to develop piezoelectric property. The piezoelectric film further has a heat resistance of not less than 140° C. and a breaking distortion of not less than 8% and not more than 55%, and an excellent deformation resistant property.

FREE RADICAL AND CONTROLLED RADICAL POLYMERIZATION PROCESSES USING HYPERVALENT IODIDE RADICAL INITIATORS

A process is described comprising polymerizing at least one unsaturated monomer (e.g., fluorine substituted alkene monomer) in the presence of a hypervalent iodide radical initiator and a solvent, under reaction conditions and for a time sufficient to polymerize the at least one unsaturated monomer to form a polymer. The present disclosure provides a method for living polymerization of unsaturated monomers (e.g., fluorine substituted alkene monomers), which provides a high level of macromolecular control over the polymerization process and which leads to uniform and controllable polymeric products. The present disclosure also provides a method of functionalization of organic substrates with a CFor perfluoro (R) group. 1. A process comprising polymerizing at least one unsaturated monomer in the presence of a hypervalent iodide radical initiator and optionally a solvent , under reaction conditions and for a time sufficient to polymerize the at least one unsaturated monomer to form a polymer.2. A process comprising polymerizing at least one unsaturated monomer in the presence of a hypervalent iodide radical initiator comprising (CFCOO)IPh or (RCOO)IPh and optionally a solvent , under reaction conditions and for a time sufficient to polymerize the at least one unsaturated monomer to form a polymer which contains CFor perfluoro (R) groups as a chain ends.3. The process of wherein the at least one unsaturated monomer comprises at least one fluorine substituted alkene monomer claim 1 , fluorine substituted acrylic acid derivative monomer claim 1 , fluorine substituted styrene derivative monomer claim 1 , and/or fluorine substituted vinyl ether monomer.4. The process of wherein a CF— or perfluoro (R—) group is incorporated into a molecule using the (CFCOO)IPh or (RCOO)IPh hypervalent iodide radical initiator.5. The process of wherein the at least one unsaturated monomer comprises vinylidene fluoride (VDF) claim 1 , hexafluoropropene claim 1 , tetrafluoroethylene claim 1 , ...

Use of aqueous dispersions of vdf-based polymers in the preparation of paints for coatings of architectural substrata

Use for the preparation of paints for substrata coatings of aqueous dispersions of VDF-based polymers having an average particle size between 0.260 and 0.3 micrometers comprising a bifunctional surfactant of formula: A-Rf-B (I) wherein A = -O-CFX-COOM; B = -CFX-COOM with X = F, CF3; M = NH4, alkaline metal, H; Rf is a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl chain, or a (per)fluoropolyether chain such that the number average molecular weight of (I) is in the range 600-800.

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ПОЛИВИНИЛИДЕНФТОРИДОВ

Изобретение относится к способу получения поливинилиденфторидов высокой чистоты, которые могут использоваться там, где предъявляются требования к чистоте используемых компонентов (медикаменты, косметические средства). Поливинилиденфториды получаются полимеризацией винилиденфторида с одним или более фторсодержащих сомономеров в присутствии микроэмульсии простого (пер)фторполиэфира, имеющего нейтральные концевые группы, или фторполиоксиалкиленов, имеющих водородсодержащие концевые группы или водородсодержащие повторяющиеся звенья, где вышеуказанные простые фторполиэфиры имеют среднюю молекулярную массу от 400 до 3000, и поверхностно-активного вещества, основанного на перфторпростых полиэфирах с концевыми группами солей карбоновых кислот и имеющего молекулярную массу между 400-600 и молекулярно-массовое распределение такое, что фракции, имеющие молекулярную массу выше 700, не присутствуют или присутствуют в количествах, меньших, чем 5 мас.% Полученные поливинилиденфториды имеют высокий белый ...

ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ВОДНЫХ ДИСПЕРСИЙ ПОЛИМЕРОВ НА ОСНОВЕ ВИНИЛИДЕНФТОРИДА ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ КРАСОК ДЛЯ ПОКРЫТИЙ АРХИТЕКТУРНЫХ ОБЪЕКТОВ

Изобретение относится к лакокрасочной промышленности, в частности к водным дисперсиям на основе винилиденфторида для получения защитных красок. Водные дисперсии на основе ВДФ включают частицы полимера со средним размером от 0.260 до 0.3 микрометров, полученные полимеризацией эмульсий на основе ВДФ, необязательно в присутствии одного или более фторированных сополимеров, в присутствии бифункционального поверхностно-активного вещества формулы ! где А=-O-CFX-COOM; В=-CFX-COOM; X=F, CF3; M=NH4, щелочной металл, Н; Rf представляет собой линейную или разветвленную перфторированную цепь, или (пер)фторполиэфирную цепь. При этом средняя молекулярная масса (I) находится в пределах 650-800. Также описано применение водных дисперсий на основе ВДФ для получения водных защитных красок и защитная краска для покрытия металлических основ, полученная с использованием водных дисперсий на основе ВДФ; применение водных дисперсий полимеров на основе ВДФ для получения порошков, использующихся в приготовлении защитных ...

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ПОЛИМЕРОВ ВИНИЛИДЕНФТОРИДА

Целью настоящего изобретения является способ получения полимеров винилиденфторида (VDF), который включает полимеризацию VDF, возможно в сочетании с другими фторсодержащими олефинами, в водной среде в присутствии инициатора радикалов и 1,1,1-трифтор-2,2-дихлорэтана (HCFC-123) в качестве агента передачи цепи. Таким образом получают конечный продукт с очень хорошими характеристиками по цвету (внешний вид), по существу, свободный от явлений пожелтения при повышенных температурах.

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ФТОРПОЛИМЕРА

... 1. Способ получения фторсодержащего полимера, включающий: ! (i) получение водной дисперсии фторполимерных частиц путем полимеризации одного или нескольких фторсодержащих олефинов и факультативно одного или нескольких фторсодержащих или не содержащих фтора сомономеров способом водоэмульсионной полимеризации, причем инициация полимеризации проводится в отсутствие фторированного поверхностно-активного вещества и никакие фторированные поверхностно-активные вещества не добавляются в процессе полимеризации; ! (ii) выделение фторсодержащего полимера из водной дисперсии с получением указанного фторсодержащего полимера и сточных вод; ! (iii) и соприкосновение указанных сточных вод с анионообменной смолой; или ! (iv) альтернативно этапам (ii) и (iii), соприкосновение указанной водной дисперсии с анионообменной смолой с последующим отделением указанной анионообменной смолы от указанной водной дисперсии. ! 2. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что указанный фторсодержащий полимер представляет собой аморфный ...

Method of making a fluoropolymer

A method of making a fluoropolymer comprising:

Production of Vinylidene Fluoride Polymers

... 1,175,654. Vinylidene fluoride polymers. KUREHA KAGAKU KOGYO K.K. 16 April, 1968 [14 April, 1967], No. 17999/68. Heading C3P. Vinylidene fluoride polymers in the form of fine particles are prepared by polymerizing vinylidene fluoride in suspension in a mixture of from 0À1 to 200 parts by weight of methanol, ethanol and/or dioxane to 100 parts by weight of water, the methanol, ethanol and/or dioxane serving to regulate the degree of polymerization and particle size of the resulting polymer product. The polymerization may be carried out in the presence of from 0À01 to 5% by weight with respect to the monomer of a dialkylperoxydicarbonate of the formula where R is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl or tert-butyl and from 0À1 to 1À0% of a polyvinyl alcohol and/or cellulose. In the examples are used: water, methanol, methyl-cellulose, diisopropylperoxydicarbonate, sodium pyrophosphate, diethylperoxydicarbonate, dioxane and ethyl alcohol.

PROCEDURE FOR THE EDUCATION OF AN FERROUSELECTRICAL THIN FILM

SEALING MATERIAL FOR SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCTION THEREOF

PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES HAVING A POLYVINYLIDENE FLUORIDE SURFACE

The invention relates to a photovoltaic module for capturing and using so lar radiation having as a transparent glazing a thermoplastic structural com ponent covered by a thin polyvinylidene fluoride layer. The polyvinylidene f luoride layer is exposed to the environment and provides a chemical resistan t and dirt shedding surface. The structure may contain a tie layer between t he polyvinylidene fluoride layer and the structural thermoplastic to aid in adhesion.

PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES HAVING A POLYVINYLIDENE FLUORIDE SURFACE

The invention relates to a photovoltaic module for capturing and using solar radiation having as a transparent glazing a thermoplastic structural component covered by a thin polyvinylidene fluoride layer. The polyvinylidene fluoride layer is exposed to the environment and provides a chemical resistant and dirt shedding surface. The structure may contain a tie layer between the polyvinylidene fluoride layer and the structural thermoplastic to aid in adhesion.

FLUOROELASTOMERIC AND FLUOROPLASTOMERIC COPOLYMERS HAVING A HIGH RESISTANCE TO BASES

The invention relates to new fluoroelastomeric copolymers having resistance to bases and suitab1e, in particular, for preparing 0-rings, comprising: (I) VDF .......................... 47-80 mols % HFP and/or PAVE .............. 16-30 mols % hydrogenated olefin containing 2-4 C ...................... 2-25 mols % or (II) VDF .......................... 42-80 mols % PAVE ......................... 16-30 mols % hydrogenated olefin containing 2-4 C ...................... 2-30 mols % The invention further relates to new fluoroplastomeric copolymers endowed with resistance to bases, comprising: (III) VDF .......................... 70-99 mols % HFP and/or PAVE .............. 0-16 mols % hydrogenated olefin containing 2-4 C ...................... 1-30 mols % A further aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing the abovesaid fluoroelastomeric and fluoroplastomeric copolymers.

FLUOROPOLYMER WITH ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY

L'invention est relative à un polymère fluoré sur lequel est greffé au moins un monomère insaturé de formule : dans laquelle : • A représente un groupement -C(=O)-O-, -O-C(=O)- ou -C(=O)-NR'-, -(CH2)x-C(=O)-NH-, x étant un entier compris entre 1 et 12 ; • R et R' représentent H ou CH3 ; • B représente une chaîne alkylène en C1-C20, linéaire ou ramifiée, ou arylène ou alkylarylène ; • W+ représente un groupe ammonium quaternaire, phosphonium, un hétérocycle saturé ou insaturé comprenant un atome d'azote choisi parmi la pipéridine, la pipérazine, la morpholine, la thiomorpholine, le thiazole, l'isothiazole, le pyrazole, l'indole, l'indazole, l'imidazole, le benzimidazole, la quinoléïne, l'isoquinoléïne, le benzotriazole, le benzothiazole, le benzoisothiazole, le benzoxazole, la benzoxazine, l'isoxazole, le pyrrole, la pyrazine, la pyrimidine, la pyridazine, la quinazoline, l'acridine ; • X- représente un anion. Ce polymère fluoré présente une activité antibactérienne.

IMPACT RESISTANT BARRIER COMPOSITION BASED ON FLUORINATED POLYMER

Procédé pour la polymérisation en discontinu dans un milieu aqueux de mise en suspension du fluorure de vinylidène et utilisation des polymères du fluorure de vinylidène résultants pour le revêtement d'articles par poudrage.

Procédé pour la polymérisation en discontinu dans un milieu aqueux de mise en suspension du fluorure de vinylidène à l'intervention d'un initiateur oléosoluble de la polymérisation radicalaire en présence d'un agent de mise en suspension dans lequel la polymérisation s'effectue à température supercritique avec injection différée d'une portion du fluorure de vinylidène, le rapport pondéral entre la portion de fluorure de vinylidène injectée en différé et celle introduite initialement dans la charge de polymérisation variant entre 0,05 et 1,20. Le procédé conduit à l'obtention de polymères du fluorure de vinylidène sous la forme de particules sphériques dont la densité varie à souhait entre 0,45 et 0,95 g/cm3 en fonction du rapport choisi. Les polymères du fluorure de vinylidène obtenus conviennent pour le revêtement d'articles par poudrage, en particulier pour le pistolage électrostatique et le rotomoulage.

Preparing polymer used in paint, comprises dispersed phase polymerizing aqueous phase comprising ethylenically unsaturated monomer, free radical source and stabilizer including polymeric chain of N-vinyl lactam and thiocarbonylthio groups

La présente invention concerne un procédé de préparation d'un polymère comprenant une étape (E1) de polymérisation en phase dispersée en présence d'un stabilisant réactif, dans laquelle on met en présence au sein d'une phase aqueuse : - au moins un monomère éthyléniquement insaturé, à l'état dispersé ; - au moins une source de radicaux libres ; et - un stabilisant réactif comprenant une chaîne polymère incluant des unités monomères (N-vinyl lactame) et un groupe thiocarbonylthio -S(C=S)- ...

PROCESS FOR POLYMERIZATION IN AN AQUEOUS MEDIUM OF SETTING IN SUSPENSION OF VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE

Preparing polymer used in paint, comprises dispersed phase polymerizing aqueous phase comprising ethylenically unsaturated monomer, free radical source and stabilizer including polymeric chain of N-vinyl lactam and thiocarbonylthio groups

La présente invention concerne un procédé de préparation d'un polymère comprenant une étape (E1) de polymérisation en phase dispersée en présence d'un stabilisant réactif, dans laquelle on met en présence au sein d'une phase aqueuse : - au moins un monomère éthyléniquement insaturé, à l'état dispersé ; - au moins une source de radicaux libres ; et - un stabilisant réactif comprenant une chaîne polymère incluant des unités monomères (N-vinyl lactame) et un groupe thiocarbonylthio -S(C=S)- ...

MANUFACTORING PROCESS OF PVDF THERMICALLY STABLE

La présente invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de PVDF homopolymère ou copolymère par polymérisation radicalaire du fluorure de vinylidène (VDF), et éventuellement d'un comonomère, en dispersion aqueuse en présence d'un agent de transfert, d'un persulfate comme initiateur radicalaire, éventuellement d'un additif tensioactif, éventuellement d'une paraffine, dans lequel : a) on ajoute de l'acétate de sodium soit au début, soit au cours, soit après la polymérisation, b) on ajoute éventuellement un alkylsulfonate de potassium après la polymérisation, c) on obtient une dispersion aqueuse de PVDF, d) on recueille le PVDF par atomisation de la dispersion obtenue en c) avec de l'air à une température comprise entre 120 et 220°C, la dispersion aqueuse obtenue en c) n'étant pas lavée à l'eau avant atomisation.

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING FLUOROELASTOMERS

Fluoroelastomers having copolymerized units of vinylidene fluoride major monomer, at least one other fluorinated major monomer, and at least one cure site monomer are prepared in an aqueous suspension polymerization process using an initiator consisting essentially of a solution of an oil soluble peroxide in a water-soluble hydrocarbon solvent.

FLUOROPOLYMER MEMBRANE FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICES

The present invention pertains to a membrane for an electrochemical device, to a process for manufacturing said membrane and to use of said membrane in a process for manufacturing an electrochemical device. 1. A membrane for an electrochemical device , said membrane comprising:at least one polymer (F-h), wherein polymer (F-h) is a fluoropolymer hybrid organic/inorganic composite, and{'sub': '6', 'a liquid medium (L) comprising at least one organic carbonate and LiPF.'}2. The membrane according to claim 1 , wherein medium (L) comprises at least one organic carbonate in an amount of at least 30% by weight claim 1 , based on the total weight of medium (L).4. The process according to claim 3 , wherein polymer (F) is a functional fluoropolymer.7. The process according to claim 6 , wherein functional polymer (F) comprises recurring units derived from at least one fluorinated monomer claim 6 , at least one functional hydrogenated monomer comprising at least one hydroxyl end group and claim 6 , optionally claim 6 , at least one hydrogenated monomer different from said functional hydrogenated monomer comprising at least one hydroxyl end group.8. The process according to claim 7 , wherein functional polymer (F) comprises is a partially fluorinated fluoropolymer comprising recurring units derived from vinylidene fluoride (VDF) claim 7 , at least one functional hydrogenated monomer comprising at least one hydroxyl end group and claim 7 , optionally claim 7 , at least one fluorinated monomer different from VDF.11. An electrochemical device comprising the membrane according to .12. An electrochemical device comprising at least one membrane according to between a positive electrode (E) and a negative electrode (E) claim 1 , wherein at least one of the positive electrode (E) and the negative electrode (E) comprises:a current collector, andadhered to said current collector, at least one fluoropolymer layer comprising:at least one polymer (F), wherein polymer (F) is a fluoropolymer, ...

VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE RESIN FIBERS AND SHEET-LIKE STRUCTURE

Provided are fibers that have excellent mechanical properties such as strength and that do not result in the filament breakage during a manufacturing process. The fibers are vinylidene fluoride resin fibers including a plurality of vinylidene fluoride resin filaments, and having a degree of crystal orientation of 80% or more as determined on the basis of X-ray diffraction from the azimuth angle intensity distribution curve of 2θ=20.8±1°, and a crystal size of 12 nm or less. 1. A vinylidene fluoride resin fiber comprising a plurality of vinylidene fluoride resin filaments , whereinthe fiber has a degree of crystal orientation of not less than 80% and a crystal size of not less than 5.01 nm and not greater than 12 nm as determined on the basis of X-ray diffraction from an azimuth angle intensity distribution curve of 2θ=20.8±1°.2. The vinylidene fluoride resin fiber according to claim 1 , wherein the vinylidene fluoride resin has two or more melting peaks within a range of 150° C. to 180° C.3. The vinylidene fluoride resin according to claim 1 , wherein a diameter of the filament is not less than 5 μm and less than 80 μm.4. The vinylidene fluoride resin fiber according to claim 1 , wherein a birefringence is not less than 30×10.5. The vinylidene fluoride resin fiber according to claim 1 , wherein the vinylidene fluoride resin is a homopolymer of a vinylidene fluoride monomer.6. The vinylidene fluoride resin fiber according to claim 1 , whereinthe vinylidene fluoride resin is a vinylidene fluoride copolymer of a vinylidene fluoride monomer and another monomer, andthe other monomer is at least one type selected from the group consisting of hexafluoropropylene, trifluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, and chlorotrifluoroethylene.7. The vinylidene fluoride resin fiber according to claim 6 , wherein the vinylidene fluoride copolymer contains not less than 90 mol % of a vinylidene fluoride monomer.8. The vinylidene fluoride resin fiber according to claim 1 , wherein an ...

Apparatus for continuous production of polymers in carbon dioxide

A method for carrying out the continuous polymerization of a monomer in a carbon dioxide reaction medium comprises the steps of: (a) providing an apparatus including a continuous reaction vessel and a separator; (b) carrying out a polymerization reaction in the reaction vessel by combining a monomer and a carbon dioxide reaction medium therein (and preferably by also combining an initiator therein), wherein the reaction medium is a liquid or supercritical fluid, and wherein the reaction produces a solid polymer product in the reaction vessel; then (c) withdrawing a continuous effluent stream from the reaction vessel during the polymerization reaction, wherein the effluent stream is maintained as a liquid or supercritical fluid; then (d) passing the continuous effluent stream through the separator and separating the solid polymer therefrom while maintaining at least a portion of the effluent stream as a liquid or supercritical fluid; and then (e) returning at least a portion of the continuous effluent stream to the reaction vessel while maintaining the effluent stream as a liquid or supercritical fluid. The need for significant recompression of the continuous effluent stream prior to return to the reaction vessel is thereby minimized. Apparatus for carrying out such methods is also disclosed.

METHOD OF PREPARING HIGH-QUALITY VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE POLYMER IN AQUEOUS EMULSION

Vinylidene fluoride polymers of high-quality are prepared consistently by a process of emulsion polymerization in which the chain transfer agent (acetone), initiator (diisopropylperoxydicarbonate), and monomer are fed incrementally to the aqueous reaction medium containing a fluorosurfacant.

CHEMICAL LIQUID SUPPLY APPARATUS AND SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING APPARATUS HAVING THE SAME

A chemical liquid supply apparatus includes a storage container configured to accommodate a chemical liquid for processing a semiconductor substrate, a chemical liquid supply pipe, a supply nozzle, and a grounding conductor. A conductive layer including a non-metallic conductive material is formed on an inner surface of the chemical liquid supply pipe. The supply nozzle includes a non-metallic conductive material. The conductive layer or the supply nozzle is electrically connected to the grounding conductor which is grounded to an outside of the pipe. 1. A chemical liquid supply apparatus comprising:a storage container configured to accommodate a chemical liquid for processing a substrate;a chemical liquid supply pipe connected to the storage container and having a conductive layer including a first non-metallic conductive material;a supply nozzle connected to the chemical liquid supply pipe, configured to supply the chemical liquid to the substrate, and including a second non-metallic conductive material; anda grounding conductor electrically connected to the conductive layer or the supply nozzle,wherein the conductive layer is formed on an inner surface of the chemical liquid supply pipe.2. The chemical liquid supply apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a static electricity measurement sensor passing through an outer wall of the chemical liquid supply pipe and configured to measure static electricity in the chemical liquid supply pipe.3. The chemical liquid supply apparatus of claim 2 , wherein one end of the static electricity measurement sensor protrudes toward a center of the chemical liquid supply pipe.4. The chemical liquid supply apparatus of claim 2 , further comprising:a first layer comprising a non-conductive material and configured to surround one end of the static electricity measurement sensor; anda second layer comprising a third non-metallic conductive material and formed on the first layer.5. The chemical liquid supply apparatus of claim 4 , ...

Oxygen reduction catalyst element, method of its production, and uses thereof

Provided is an oxygen reduction catalyst element including a water impermeable, gas permeable membrane coated on at least one a portion thereof with a porous layer including a mixture of a non-ionic polymer and at least one oxygen reduction catalytic particulate material. Also provided herein is a method of producing the oxygen reduction catalyst element, a cathode including the same and a fuel cell making use of such cathode.

Aqueous process for making fluoropolymers

A novel aqueous polymerization process for making fluoropolymers is disclosed in which non-ionic non-fluorinated emulsifier is used to produce fluoropolymer emulsions. The emulsifiers used in the invention are those that contain segments of polyethylene glycol and/or polypropylene glycol with repeating units of 3 to 100.

AQUEOUS DISPERSION AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME

The present invention aims to provide an aqueous dispersion capable of forming a coating film that has excellent adhesion to a substrate and excellent water resistance. The aqueous dispersion of the present invention includes fluorine-containing composite polymer particles of a polymer (A) with a repeating unit of vinylidene fluoride and a polymer (B) with a repeating unit of at least one acrylic monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, acrylic acid esters, methacrylic acid, and methacrylic acid esters, the dispersion having an acid value of at least 3 mgKOH/g.

РЕГУЛЯТОР СТЕПЕНИ ПОЛИМЕРИЗАЦИИ

ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÀß ÔÅÄÅÐÀÖÈß (19) RU (51) ÌÏÊ 7 (11) 2003 136 369 (13) A C 08 F 14/22 ÔÅÄÅÐÀËÜÍÀß ÑËÓÆÁÀ ÏÎ ÈÍÒÅËËÅÊÒÓÀËÜÍÎÉ ÑÎÁÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ, ÏÀÒÅÍÒÀÌ È ÒÎÂÀÐÍÛÌ ÇÍÀÊÀÌ (12) ÇÀßÂÊÀ ÍÀ ÈÇÎÁÐÅÒÅÍÈÅ (21), (22) Çà âêà: 2003136369/04, 15.12.2003 (71) Çà âèòåëü(è): ÀÒÎÔÈÍÀ ÊÅÌÈÊÀËÇ, ÈÍÊ. (US) (30) Ïðèîðèòåò: 16.12.2002 US 10/321,314 (43) Äàòà ïóáëèêàöèè çà âêè: 27.05.2005 Áþë. ¹ 15 (74) Ïàòåíòíûé ïîâåðåííûé: Åãîðîâà Ãàëèíà Áîðèñîâíà A R U A 2 0 0 3 1 3 6 3 6 9 Ôîðìóëà èçîáðåòåíè 1. Ñïîñîá ñâîáîäíî-ðàäèêàëüíîé ïîëèìåðèçàöèè ìîíîìåðà âèíèëèäåíôòîðèäà, íåîá çàòåëüíî, â ïðèñóòñòâèè äðóãèõ ôòîðèðîâàííûõ îëåôèíîâ, îòëè÷àþùèéñ òåì, ÷òî â êà÷åñòâå ðåãóë òîðà ñòåïåíè ïîëèìåðèçàöèè èñïîëüçóþò Ñ3-Ñ5 óãëåâîäîðîä. 2. Ñïîñîá ïî ï.1, ãäå Ñ3-Ñ5 óãëåâîäîðîäîì âë åòñ ïðîïàí. 3. Ñïîñîá ñâîáîäíî-ðàäèêàëüíîé ïîëèìåðèçàöèè ìîíîìåðà âèíèëèäåíôòîðèäà, îòëè÷àþùèéñ òåì, ÷òî â êà÷åñòâå ðåãóë òîðà ñòåïåíè ïîëèìåðèçàöèè èñïîëüçóþò ïðîïàí. 4. Ñïîñîá ñâîáîäíî-ðàäèêàëüíîé ïîëèìåðèçàöèè ñìåñè ñîìîíîìåðîâ âèíèëèäåíà è ãåêñàôòîðïðîïèëåíà, îòëè÷àþùèéñ òåì, ÷òî â êà÷åñòâå ðåãóë òîðà ñòåïåíè ïîëèìåðèçàöèè èñïîëüçóþò ïðîïàí. Ñòðàíèöà: 1 RU 2 0 0 3 1 3 6 3 6 9 (54) ÐÅÃÓËßÒÎÐ ÑÒÅÏÅÍÈ ÏÎËÈÌÅÐÈÇÀÖÈÈ R U Àäðåñ äë ïåðåïèñêè: 129010, Ìîñêâà, óë. Á.Ñïàññêà , 25, ñòð.3, ÎÎÎ "Þðèäè÷åñêà ôèðìà Ãîðîäèññêèé è Ïàðòíåðû", ïàò.ïîâ. Ã.Á. Åãîðîâîé (72) Àâòîð(û): ÀÌÈÍ-ÑÀÍÀÉÅÉ Ðàìèí (US)

FLUOR ENTHALTENDES POLYMER UND VERFAHREN ZU SEINER HERSTELLUNG

Verfahren zum Verhindern der Krustenbildung in Reaktoren während der Suspensionspolymerisation von Vinylidenfluorid.

Peroxy Thiolcarbonates

... 1,171,324. Peroxy thiolcarbonates. WALLACE & TIERNAN Inc. 14 Aug., 1967, No. 37326/67. Heading C2C. [Also in Division C3] Novel peroxy thiolcarbonates of the formula where R is alkyl, aryl, aralkyl or alkaryl and R1 is alkyl, aralkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl or alkynyl are prepared by condensing a chlorothiol formate with a hydroperoxide, R1-O-O-H, in the presence of an acid acceptor. They are used as polymerization initiators (see Division C3).

MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF THERMALLY STABLE PVDF

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF VINYLIDENPOLYMEREN.

POLYMERIZATION PROCEDURE OF VINYLIDENFLUORID IN A WAESSRIGEN SUSPENSION.

ORGANIC ONE DIALKYLPEROXYDICARBONATLÖSUNG, PROCEDURES FOR ITS PRODUCTION, PRODUCTION OF HALOGENIERTEN POLYMERS USING THE SAME AND PRESERVATION HALOGENIERTE POLYMERS

FLUORINE CONTAINING ELASTOMERS AND PLASTOMERE COPOLYMERS WITH HIGH ALKALI STABILITY

FLUOROSULFONEELASTOMERE WITH LOW TG BASED ON VINYLIDENFLUORIT

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FLUORHALTIGEN POLYMERS AND FLUORHALTIGE OF POLYMERS

EMULSIFYING AGENT-FREE PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FLOURPOLYMEREN BY EMULSION POLYMERIZATION IN WATER

AQUEOUS PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A STABLE FLUORINE POLYMER DISPERSION

VINYLIDENFLUORID POLYMERS AND VINYLIDENFLUORID/TRIFLUOR ETHYL COPOLYMERS.

PROCEDURE FOR PREVENTING THE INCRUSTATION IN REACTORS DURING THE SUSPENSION POLYMERIZATION OF VINYLIDENFLUORID.

Method for two-step preparation of halogenated polymers and halogenated plurimodal polymers

Fluoropolymers

The invention relates to novel linear, semi-crystalline fluoropolymers containing 0.5 to 25 mole percent of at least one vinyl ester monomer unit. At least 40 mole percent of the vinyl ester monomer units are present in the copolymer as single monomer units (not diads or triads or greater) between two fluoromonomer units. The invention also relates to a process for forming the fluoromonomers/vinyl ester copolymer. The fluoropolymer of the invention may be used in applications benefiting from a functional fluoropolymers including as a binder, or for use in forming hydrophilic membranes and hollow fibers.

Fluoropolymers

The invention relates to novel linear, semi-crystalline fluoropolymers containing 0.5 to 25 mole percent of at least one vinyl ester monomer unit. At least 40 mole percent of the vinyl ester monomer units are present in the copolymer as single monomer units (not diads or triads or greater) between two fluoromonomer units. The invention also relates to a process for forming the fluoromonomers/vinyl ester copolymer. The fluoropolymer of the invention may be used in applications benefiting from a functional fluoropolymers including as a binder, or for use in forming hydrophilic membranes and hollow fibers.

POLYMERIZATION OF VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE

METHOD OF PREPARING HIGH-QUALITY VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE POLYMER IN AQUEOUS EMULSION

PROCESS OF PREPARING POLYVINYLIDENE FLUORIDE

AQUEOUS POLYVINYLIDENE FLUORIDE COMPOSITION

The invention relates to an aqueous fluoropolymer, and preferably polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), composition for manufacturing electrodes for use in non-aqueous-type electrochemical devices, such as batteries and electric double layer capacitors. The composition contains aqueous PVDF binder, and one or more powdery electrode-forming materials. In one embodiment, the composition is free of fluorinated surfactant In another embodiment, one or more fugitive adhesion promoters are added. The electrode formed from the composition of the invention exhibits interconnectivity and irreversibility that is achieved from the use of aqueous PVDF binder.

VDF POLYMERIZATION PROCESS

VDF polymerization process, optionally modified with small amounts of one or more fluoro-containing comonomers, carried out in the presence of a microemulsion comprising a (per)fluoropolyether having neutral end groups, having number average molecular weight between 400 and 3000, and a surfactant based on perfluoropolyethers with salified acid end groups, said surfactant having a number molecular weight Mn comprised between 400-600 and having a distribution of molecular weights such that fractions having a number average molecular weight higher than 700 are not present, or are in amount less than 5% by weight.

SYNTHESIS OF LATEX OF POLY (VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE) SURFACTANT-FREE EMULSION POLYMERIZATION BY RAFT-

MANUFACTORING PROCESS OF PVDF

La présente invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de PVDF homopolymère ou copolymère par polymérisation radicalaire du fluorure de vinylidène (VDF), et éventuellement d'un comonomère, en dispersion aqueuse en présence : . de HFA161 (CH3-CH2F) comme agent de transfert, . d'un initiateur radicalaire, . éventuellement d'un additif dispersant.

전기화학 장치용 플루오로중합체 막

... 본 발명은 전기화학 장치용 막, 상기 막의 제조 방법 및 전기화학 장치의 제조 방법에서 상기 막의 용도에 관한 것이다.

Multi-layered film and photovoltaic modules comprising the same

VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE POLYMER POWDER AND USE THEREOF

Disclosed are: a powder of a vinylidene fluoride polymer having a high molecular weight, which is excellent in the solubility in an organic solvent and is useful as an electrode binder for a non-aqueous battery; an NMP solution; and a method for producing an electrode mix. Specifically disclosed is a vinylidene fluoride polymer powder which is produced by using a vinylidene fluoride polymer that is produced by the supercritical suspension polymerization in an aqueous dispersion medium, in which the volume of pores each having a pore diameter of 0.03 to 1.0 μm inclusive makes up 77 to 93 vol% inclusive of the total pore volume as measured on a mercury porosimeter, and which has an inherent viscosity of 2.0 dl/g or more.

Method for the production of terpolymers based on VDF, TRFE and CFE, or CTFE

A process for manufacturing terpolymers by polymerization of VDF (vinylidene difluoride), TrFE (trifluoroethylene), and CFE (1-chloro-1-fluoroethylene) or CTFE (chlorotrifluoroethylene) monomers in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator, characterized in that: i) an initial mixture of VDF and of TrFE, free of CFE and of CTFE, is fed into an autoclave, ii) the initiator mixed with water is injected into the autoclave so as to achieve, inside the autoclave, a pressure at least equal to 80 bar, in order to form a suspension of VDF and TrFE monomers in water, iii) a secondary mixture constituted of VDF, TrFE and CFE or CTFE is injected into the autoclave, then iv) as soon as the polymerization reaction starts, said secondary mixture is reinjected continuously into the reactor, so as to maintain therein a constant pressure of at least 80 bar.

Polyvinylidene fluoride and process for obtaining the same

Improved emulsion polymerization of vinylidene fluoride polymers

Vinylidene fluoride polymers having a wide range of molecular weights are produced with reduced initiator consumption by using trichlorofluoromethane as a chain transfer agent in the emulsion polymerization process. Vinylidene fluoride homopolymers made by the process have a significantly reduced tendency to generate cavities at high temperatures and a greater resistance to discoloration at high temperatures.

Vinylidene fluoride polymer-based binder solution and electrode-forming composition

3-D PRINTED FLUOROPOLYMER STRUCTURES

BINDER COMPOUND, CONDUCTIVE BINDER, AND SECONDARY BATTERY COMPRISING SAME

The present disclosure provides a binder compound, a conductive binder, and a secondary battery containing the same. The binder compound of the present disclosure has a structure of formula (I), where R1 and R2 each independently represent a straight or branched C1-12 alkyl; R3 represents a halogen or cyano group; R4 represents a hydroxymethyl or amino; Z represents a straight or branched C1-12 alkylene; and m represents an integer selected from 7600-47000. The binder compound and the conductive binder of the present disclosure can improve the storage and cycle performances of the secondary battery.

Aqueous process for making fluoropolymers

A novel aqueous polymerization process for making fluoropolymer dispersions is disclosed in which non-ionic non-fluorinated emulsifier is used to produce fluoropolymer emulsions. The emulsifiers contain blocks of polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol and/or polytetramethylene glycol. The process and fluoropolymer produced contain no fluorinated surfactant. The fluoropolymers have excellent resistance to discoloration.

PROCESS FOR PREPARING NOVEL COPOLYMERS WITH A FLUOROPOLYMER BACKBONE COMPRISING POLYOXYALKYLENE PENDANT CHAINS

The invention relates to novel copolymers and to an associated preparation method, comprising recurrent units bearing a pendant chain of the polyoxyalkylene type. 115.-. (canceled)17. The method according to claim 16 , wherein at least two of the groups Rto Rrepresent fluorine atoms.18. The method according to claim 16 , wherein Rand Rrepresent a hydrogen atom and Rand Rrepresent a fluorine atom.19. The method according to claim 16 , wherein W is a polyoxyethylene group.20. The method according to claim 16 , wherein Rrepresents a perfluoroalkyl group and Rrepresents an alkyl group.21. The method according to claim 20 , wherein Rrepresents a group —CF.22. The method according to claim 16 , wherein Rand Rrepresent a hydrogen atom.24. The copolymer according to claim 23 , wherein at least two of the groups Rto Rrepresent fluorine atoms.25. The copolymer according to claim 23 , wherein Rand Rrepresent a hydrogen atom and Rand Rrepresent a fluorine atom.26. The copolymer according to claim 23 , wherein W is a polyoxyethylene group.27. The copolymer according to claim 23 , wherein Rrepresents a perfluoroalkyl group and Rrepresents an alkyl group.28. The copolymer according to claim 27 , wherein Rrepresents a group —CF.29. The copolymer according to claim 23 , wherein Rand Rrepresent a hydrogen atom. The present invention relates to a method for preparing a copolymer comprising at least two recurrent unit types: a recurrent unit stemming from the polymerization of at least one monomer comprising one or more fluorine atoms and a recurrent unit stemming from the polymerization of at least one specific monomer comprising a polyoxyalkylene type pendant chain, to the copolymers which may be obtained by this method, to the specific monomers entering the application of this method and to a method for preparing said monomers.The relevant copolymers because of the coexistence of these two types of recurrent units give the possibility of accessing a synergy of properties, whether ...

Composite polymerization initiator and polymer brush composite obtained therefrom

Composite polymerization initators are disclosed suitable to prepare polymer brush composites. 1. A composite polymerization initiator comprising groups of formula (1) covalently anchored to the surface of a solid substrate:{'br': None, 'sub': n', '2', 'B1', '2, '-(L)-CR—B(R)\u2003\u2003(1)'}{'sub': 1', '15', 'B1', '1', '20', '5', '10', 'B1', 'B1', '2, 'wherein L is a linker group, n is equal to 0 or 1; each R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C-Clinear or branched alkyl group, optionally comprising heteroatoms; and wherein each Ris independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C-Clinear, branched or cyclic alkyl group, C-Caromatic group, optionally fluorinated; each group Rmay be comprised in an, optionally substituted, aliphatic or aromatic cyclic structure; and wherein said —B(R)may be an aliphatic bicyclic borane radical wherein both boron-carbon bonds are part of a cyclic structure.'}2. A method for the preparation of the composite initiator of comprising the steps of: (a) providing a solid substrate comprising surface reactive groups GSR; said{'sub': 2', 'B1', '2', '2', 'B1', '2', 'B1', '2', 'B2', 'B1', 'B2', '1', '5, 'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, '(b) reacting the solid substrate with a compound comprising one functional group X capable of forming a covalent bond with the substrate surface by reaction with the surface reactive groups GSR, and at least one functional group either comprising a moiety of formula —CR—B(R)or capable of forming a moiety —CR—B(R)by reaction with an organoborane of formula B(R)R, wherein R and Rare as defined in and Ris selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, said C-Clinear or branched alkyl.'}3. The method according to comprising the step of reacting the solid substrate with a linker compound of formula X-(L′)-Ycomprising one functional group [X] capable of forming a covalent bond with the substrate surface by reaction with the surface reactive groups ...

MANGANESE CATALYZED PHOTOPOLYMERIZATION OF FLUORINATED MONOMERS

The disclosure discloses initiating systems for the radical polymerization of alkenes, and especially fluorine substituted alkenes. The polymerization is catalyzed by a metal carbonyl, preferably manganese carbonyl. The polymerization is initiated directly from alkyl halides at room temperature under visible white light. The polymers also allow the synthesis of block copolymers. The process comprises polymerizing at least one alkene monomer in the presence of a halide radical initiator, carbonyl catalyst and a solvent, under reaction conditions and for a time sufficient to polymerize the at least one alkene monomer to form a polymer. The present disclosure provides a method for living polymerization of alkene monomers which provides a high level of macromolecular control over the polymerization process and which leads to uniform and controllable polymeric products. This disclosure also provides a method for activating any halide (Cl, Br, I) chain ends of such polymers for the synthesis of block copolymerizations. 1. A polymer comprised of fluorinated monomer said polymer having a PDI of less than about 3.2. A polymer as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the PDI is less than about 2.5.3. A polymer as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the PDI is less than about 1.5.4. A polymer as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the Mis greater than about 100.5. A polymer as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the Mis greater than about 500.6. A copolymer comprised of fluorinated monomer and at least one other monomer that can be polymerized by radical activation claim 1 , said copolymer having a PDI of less than about 3.7. A copolymer as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the PDI is less than about 2.5.8. A copolymer as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the PDI is less than about 1.5.9. A copolymer as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the copolymer is a block copolymer.10. A copolymer as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the copolymer is a block copolymer comprised of at least a second fluorinated monomer.11. A method for ...

Vinylidene fluoride copolymers

The present invention pertains to a fluoropolymer [polymer (F)] comprising: recurring units derived from vinylidene fluoride (VDF), and from 0.01% to 5% by moles of recurring units derived from at least one (meth)acrylic monomer [monomer (MA)] having formula (I) here below: wherein: R 1 , R 2 and R 3 , equal to or different from each other, are independently selected from a hydrogen atom and a C 1 -C 3 hydrocarbon group, and R OH represents a hydrogen atom or a C 1 -C 5 hydrocarbon moiety comprising at least one hydroxyl group, said polymer (F) comprising end groups having formula —CF 2 H and/or —CF 2 CH 3 in an amount of at least 30 mmoles per Kg of vinylidene fluoride (VDF) recurring units. The invention also pertains to a process for the manufacture of said polymer (F) and to use of said polymer (F) as binders for the manufacture of electrodes or for the manufacture of membranes.

Hydrophilic vinylidene fluoride polymers

The present invention pertains to a process for the manufacture of a grafted fluorinated polymer comprising at least one grafted side chain comprising one or more glycosidic recurring units [polymer (F)], said process comprising polymerizing: 2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polysaccharide derivative comprises as recurring units glycosidic units selected from the group consisting of D-glucopyranosides linked to each other by glycosidic bonds.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polysaccharide derivatives has a dynamic viscosity comprised between 2 and 10 mPa×s claim 1 , as measured according to ASTM D445 at 20° C. in an aqueous solution at a concentration of 2% by weight.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein one or more suspension stabilizers are used.6. A fluorinated polymer [polymer (F)] comprising:a main chain comprising recurring units derived from vinylidene fluoride (VDF), optionally, said recurring units derived from one or more other fluorinated monomers [monomers (F)] and, optionally, said recurring units derived from one or more (meth)acrylic monomers [monomers (MA)], andat least one side chain grafted to said main chain, said grafted side chain comprising one or more glycosidic recurring units.7. The polymer of claim 6 , comprising at least 40 ppm of hydrogen atoms of one or more glycosidic recurring units in at least one grafted side chain of polymer (F) with respect to the total amount of hydrogen atoms of VDF recurring units in the main chain of polymer (F).8. The polymer of claim 6 , wherein at least one side chain comprises one or more β-D-glucopyranosides of formula (III-b) as described in linked to each other by β-glycosidic bonds.9. A composition comprising the polymer of and at least one VDF polymer.10. A hydrophilic membrane comprising the polymer of or the composition of . This application claims priority to European application No. 10196420.3 filed on 22 Dec. 2010, the whole content of this application being incorporated herein by ...

Fluorine-containing elastomer composition and molded article made of same

There is provided a polyol-crosslinkable fluorine-containing elastomer composition which is excellent in chemical resistance, solvent resistance (especially resistance to an acidic solvent) and fuel resistance (especially biofuel resistance) and is crosslinkable at the same crosslinking speed as in the case of using calcium hydroxide in a usual amount even without blending calcium hydroxide (or decreasing a blending amount of calcium hydroxide). The fluorine-containing elastomer composition comprises a polyol-crosslinkable fluorine-containing elastomer, a polyol crosslinking agent and a silicate of an alkali metal.

ELASTOMER MATERIAL FOR MEDICAL DEVICES AND ELASTOMER MOLDED BODY FOR MEDICAL DEVICES

This elastomer material for medical devices contains: a first fluorine-based elastomer that is a ternary copolymer comprising three kinds of monomers A, B and C; and a second fluorine-based elastomer that is a ternary copolymer comprising the monomers A and B and a monomer D which is different from any one of the monomers A, B and C. The monomer C and the monomer D have side chains that have structures different from each other. 1. An elastomer material for medical devices comprising:a first fluorine-based elastomer which is a ternary copolymer having three kinds of monomers A, B and C; anda second fluorine-based elastomer which is a ternary copolymer having the monomers A and B and a monomer D different from any one of the monomers A, B and C,wherein the monomer A is vinylidene fluoride, the monomer B is tetrafluoroethylene, the monomer C is hexafluoropropylene, and the monomer D is perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether.2. The elastomer material for medical devices according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 ,when total content of the first fluorine-based elastomer and the second fluorine-based elastomer is 100 parts by weight, a crosslinking aid is contained in an amount of not more than 15 parts by weight and not zero.3. The elastomer material for medical devices according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 ,when total content of the first fluorine-based elastomer and the second fluorine-based elastomer is 100 parts by weight, a filler is contained in an amount of not more than 50 parts by weight and not zero.4. The elastomer material for medical devices according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 ,when total content of the first fluorine-based elastomer and the second fluorine-based elastomer is 100 parts by weight, a third fluorine-based elastomer whose number average molecular weight is 5000 or less and having no crosslinking reactive group is contained in an amount of not more than 50 parts by weight and not zero.5. An elastomer molded body for medical devices comprising:a first ...

ELECTRODE COMPOSITIONS FOR SOLID-STATE BATTERIES

An electrode formulation including a polymer, which can be ion-conducting or non-conducting; an ion-conducting inorganic material; a lithium salt; and optionally an additive salt. 1. An electrode formulation , comprising:an electrode active material, an additive salt, an ion-conducting inorganic material, and a polymer.2. The electrode formulation of wherein the additive salt is selected from the group consisting of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide claim 1 , lithium tetrafluoroborate claim 1 , lithium hexafluoroarsenate claim 1 , lithium bis(oxalato)borate claim 1 , lithium chlorate claim 1 , lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide claim 1 , and lithium triflate.3. The electrode formulation of claim 1 , wherein the additive salt comprises lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide.4. The electrode formulation of wherein the polymer is ion-conducting.5. The electrode formulation of wherein the polymer comprises PEO.6. The electrode formulation of wherein the polymer is non ion-conducting.7. The electrode formulation of wherein the polymer comprises PVdF.8. The electrode formulation of wherein the ion-conducting inorganic material is selected from the group consisting of LiTiAl(PO) claim 1 , LiLaZrTaO claim 1 , LiSnPS claim 1 , PS—LiS glass claim 1 , LiAlTiSiPO claim 1 , or LiPON.9. The electrode formulation of wherein the ion-conducting inorganic material comprises a phosphate group.10. The electrode formulation of wherein the ion-conducting inorganic material comprises LiTiAl(PO).11. The electrode formulation of wherein the polymer comprises PVdF claim 1 , the additive salt comprises lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide claim 1 , and the ion-conducting inorganic material comprises LiTiAl(PO). The present invention is in the field of battery technology and, more particularly, in the area of solid materials and composite materials for use in electrodes in electrochemical cells.Conventional lithium ion batteries include a positive electrode (or cathode as used ...

SOLID ELECTROLYTE COMPOSITIONS

A solid-state electrolyte including a polymer, which can be ion-conducting or non-conducting; an ion-conducting inorganic material; a lithium salt; an additive salt and optionally a coupling agent. 1. A solid-state electrolyte , comprising:a lithium salt, an ion-conducting inorganic material, and a polymer.2. The solid-state electrolyte of further comprising a coupling agent.3. The solid-state electrolyte of claim 2 , wherein the coupling agent comprises a metal and an organic group.4. The solid-state electrolyte of claim 2 , wherein the coupling agent comprises silicon.5. The solid-state electrolyte of claim 2 , wherein the coupling agent comprises titanium.6. The solid-state electrolyte of claim 2 , wherein the coupling agent is trifunctional.7. The solid-state electrolyte of claim 2 , wherein the coupling agent comprises 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate.8. The solid-state electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein the lithium salt is selected from the group consisting of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide claim 1 , lithium tetrafluoroborate claim 1 , lithium hexafluorophosphate claim 1 , lithium hexafluoroarsenate claim 1 , lithium bis(oxalato)borate claim 1 , lithium chlorate claim 1 , lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide claim 1 , and lithium triflate.9. The solid-state electrolyte of claim 8 , wherein the lithium salt comprises lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide.10. The solid-state electrolyte of wherein the polymer is ion-conducting.11. The solid-state electrolyte of wherein the polymer comprises PEO.12. The solid-state electrolyte of wherein the polymer is non ion-conducting.13. The solid-state electrolyte of wherein the polymer comprises PVdF.14. The solid-state electrolyte of wherein the ion-conducting inorganic material is selected from the group consisting of LiTiAl(PO) claim 1 , LiLaZrTaO claim 1 , LiSnPS claim 1 , PS—LiS glass claim 1 , LiAlTiSiPO claim 1 , or LiPON.15. The solid-state electrolyte of wherein the ion-conducting inorganic ...

Fluoropolymers

The invention relates to novel linear, semi-crystalline fluoropolymers containing 0.5 to 25 mole percent of at least one vinyl ester monomer unit. At least 40 mole percent of the vinyl ester monomer units are present in the copolymer as single monomer units (not diads or triads or greater) between two fluoromonomer units. The invention also relates to a process for forming the fluoromonomers/vinyl ester copolymer. The fluoropolymer of the invention may be used in applications benefiting from a functional fluoropolymers including as a binder, or for use in forming hydrophilic membranes and hollow fibers.

Fluoropolymer composition stabilized against changes in ph

The present invention relates to a composition comprising particles of at least one 1,1-difluoroethylene (VDF)-based fluoropolymer, in admixture with a stabilizer agent selected from alkaline metal hydrogencarbonates or hydrogenphosphates, and to uses of said composition notably in electrochemical cells.

Ferroelectric polymers from dehydrofluorinated PVDF

A method for synthesizing a piezoelectric material is provided. The method includes dehydrofluorinating a fluoropolymer precursor by incubating the fluoropolymer precursor in the presence of a base, wherein the fluoropolymer precursor comprises poly(vinylidene fluoride) or a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride; and isolating an at least partially dehydrofluorinated fluoropolymer solid having β-phase and that exhibits melt flow processability at a temperature of greater than or equal to about 150° C. The at least partially dehydrofluorinated fluoropolymer solid is capable of forming a solid piezoelectric fluoropolymer material having β-phase in an amount sufficient to exhibit a piezoelectric strain coefficient d 31 absolute value of greater than or equal to about 25 pm/V.

MOLDED ARTICLE HAVING COOLING-LIQUID-CONTACT SURFACE

A molded product having a surface that is to be in contact with a coolant, the surface being formed of a crosslinked product of an amorphous fluorine-containing elastomer having a glass transition temperature of 25° C. or less, the fluorine-containing elastomer being a copolymer of: vinylidene fluoride; a fluorine-containing monomer represented by formula (1) below: 1. A molded product having a surface that is to be in contact with a coolant , the surface being formed of a crosslinked product of an amorphous fluorine-containing elastomer having a glass transition temperature of 25° C. or less , the fluorine-containing elastomer being a copolymer of:vinylidene fluoride; {'br': None, 'sup': a', 'b, 'CHX═CXRf\u2003\u2003(1)'}, 'a fluorine-containing monomer represented by formula (1) below{'sup': a', 'b, 'wherein one of Xand Xis H, the other thereof is F, and Rf is a linear or branched fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms; and'}another monomer copolymerizable therewith,wherein a molar ratio of units of the vinylidene fluoride to units of the fluorine-containing monomer is 87/13 to 20/80, andunits of the other monomer account for 0 to 50 mol % based on all monomer units, whereinthe fluorine-containing elastomer has an iodine atom or a bromine atom in a total content of 0.01 to 10 wt %, andthe surface of the molded product is to be in contact with a coolant at 100° C. or more when in use.2. (canceled)3. The molded product according to claim 1 , whereinthe coolant comprises an alcohol.4. The molded product according to claim 1 , wherein the molded product is a seal material claim 1 , a tube claim 1 , or a hose.5. The molded product according to claim 1 , for use in a cooling system of an engine claim 1 , a fuel cell claim 1 , or a secondary battery claim 1 , or in a cooling system of equipment used in the field of chemicals claim 1 , medicine claim 1 , food equipment claim 1 , or equipment and parts for energy resource exploration and mining.6. (canceled) The ...

FILM LAYERS AND METHODS FOR FORMING THE SAME

A film layer and a method of forming a film layer are provided herein. The film layer includes a first polymer and a second polymer. The first polymer includes the reaction product of chlorotrifluoroethene and vinylidene fluoride utilized in the first polymer in an amount of at least 4 wt. %. The second polymer includes the reaction product of chlorotrifluoroethene and optionally, vinylidene fluoride utilized in the second polymer in an amount of less than 4 wt. %. A multilayer film and a method of forming a multilayer film are also provided herein. In an embodiment, a multilayer film includes a first film layer and a second film layer adjacent and sealed to the first film layer. At least one of the first film layer or the second film layer includes the first polymer and the second polymer. 1. A film layer , comprising: chlorotrifluoroethene, and', 'vinylidene fluoride utilized in said first polymer in an amount of at least 4 wt. % based on a total weight of all reactants utilized to form said first polymer; and, 'a first polymer comprising the reaction product of;'} chlorotrifluoroethene, and', 'optionally, vinylidene fluoride utilized in said second polymer in an amount of less than 4 wt. % based on a total weight of all reactants utilized to form said second polymer., 'a second polymer comprising the reaction product of;'}2. The film layer of claim 1 , wherein said first polymer and said second polymer are homogeneously distributed in said film layer.3. The film layer of claim 1 , wherein said second polymer is further defined as a homopolymer formed from chlorotrifluoroethene.4. The film layer of claim 1 , wherein said second polymer is further defined as a copolymer comprising the reaction product of:chlorotrifluoroethene; andvinylidene fluoride utilized in said second polymer in an amount of less than 4 wt. % based on a total weight of all reactants utilized to form said second polymer.5. A multilayer film claim 1 , comprising: [ chlorotrifluoroethene, and', ' ...

Separator for a non-aqueous secondary battery, and non-aqueous secondary battery

A separator for a non-aqueous secondary battery, the separator including: a porous substrate; and an adhesive porous layer provided on one or both sides of the porous substrate and including a polyvinylidene fluoride-based resin, the adhesive porous layer would exhibit a ratio of an area intensity of a β-phase-crystal-derived peak of the polyvinylidene fluoride-based resin to a sum of an area intensity of an α-phase-crystal-derived peak of the polyvinylidene fluoride-based resin and the area intensity of the β-phase-crystal-derived peak of the polyvinylidene fluoride-based resin of from 10% to 100% when an x-ray diffraction spectrum is obtained by performing measurement by an x-ray diffraction method.

AN OXYGEN REDUCTION CATALYST ELEMENT, METHOD OF ITS PRODUCTION, AND USES THEREOF

Provided is an oxygen reduction catalyst element including a water impermeable, gas permeable membrane coated on at least one a portion thereof with a porous layer including a mixture of a non-ionic polymer and at least one oxygen reduction catalytic particulate material. Also provided herein is a method of producing the oxygen reduction catalyst element, a cathode including the same and a fuel cell making use of such cathode. 1. An oxygen reduction catalyst element comprising a water impermeable , gas permeable membrane coated on at least one a portion thereof with a porous layer comprising a mixture of a non-ionic polymer and at least one oxygen reduction catalytic particulate material.2. The catalyst element of claim 1 , wherein said non-ionic polymer comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of: polyvinyl chloride (PVC) claim 1 , polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) claim 1 , polysulfone (PSU) claim 1 , and any combination thereof.3. (canceled)4. The catalyst element of claim 1 , wherein said oxygen reduction catalytic particulate material comprises a metal entity.5. The catalyst element of claim 4 , wherein said metal entity is in a form selected from pure metal claim 4 , metal alloy claim 4 , metal oxide and organometallic material.6. The catalyst element of claim 1 , comprising a conductivity enhancer selected from the group consisting of graphite powder claim 1 , graphite fibers claim 1 , carbon black claim 1 , activated carbon claim 1 , graphite whiskers claim 1 , carbon nano-tubes and combination of same.7. The catalyst element of claim 1 , wherein said conductivity enhancer comprises activated carbon cloth.8. The catalyst element of claim 1 , wherein said porous layer comprises pores in the range between 0.1 μm and 10 μm.9. The catalyst element of claim 1 , wherein the water impermeable and gas permeable membrane comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyolefin and/or a polyester polymer.10. The catalyst element of claim 1 , ...

PVDF POWDER FOR LIQUID SLURRIES

The invention relates to polymer powders, preferably fluoropolymer powders such as polyvinylidene fluoride (such as Kynar® resins from Arkema Inc.), polyvinyl fluoride, and poly-ethylene-co-chlorotrifluoroethylene, useful for a high-solids liquid slurry. The PVDF has a narrow average particle size of from 20 to 100 microns, with less than 20 weight percent of particles outside this range. This powder can be used to form slurries having from 30 to 60 weight percent solids, the liquid slurries formed being free-flowing. The free-flowing slurries are useful in forming membranes in a thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) process. 1. A stable liquid dispersion slurry comprising:a) from 30 to 50 weight percent of fluoropolymer particles, wherein said particles have a weight average particle size of from 20 to 200 microns, with at least 60 weight percent of the particles being within this range, andb) a latent solvent,c) optionally, from 0 to 25 weight percent of one or more additives,wherein said liquid dispersion slurry is free-flowing at room temperature.2. The liquid dispersion slurry of claim 1 , wherein said fluoropolymer is selected from a polyvinylidene fluoride homopolymer claim 1 , a polyvinylidene fluoride copolymer having at least 60 weight percent of vinylidene fluoride monomer units claim 1 , a vinyl fluoride homo polymer claim 1 , a polyvinyl fluoride copolymer having at least 60 weight percent of vinyl fluoride monomer units claim 1 , tetrafluroethylene (ETFE) claim 1 , and ethylene-co-chloro trifluoroethylene (ECTFE).3. The liquid dispersion of claim 1 , wherein said fluoropolymer particles have an average particle size of from 25 to 150 microns claim 1 , with at least 60 weight percent of the particles being within this range.4. The liquid dispersion of claim 3 , wherein said fluoropolymer particles have an average particle size of from 25 to 120 microns claim 3 , with at least 70 weight percent of the particles being within this range.5. The liquid ...

METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF TERPOLYMERS BASED ON VDF, TRFE AND CFE, OR CTFE

A process for manufacturing terpolymers by polymerization of VDF (vinylidene difluoride), TrFE (trifluoroethylene), and CFE (1-chloro-1-fluoroethylene) or CTFE (chlorotrifluoroethylene) monomers in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator, characterized in that: 112.-. (canceled)13. A terpolymer composed of x mol % of VDF (vinylidene difluoride) , y mol % of TrFE (trifluoroethylene) and (100−x−y) mol % of CFE (1-chloro-1-fluoro-ethylene) or CTFE (chlorotrifluoroethylene) , where:x is between 30 and 80,y is between 5 and 60,and where the sum of x and y is between 80 and 97.14. The terpolymer as claimed in claim 13 , wherein said terpolymer has an average molecular weight of greater than 400 000.15. The terpolymer as claimed in claim 13 , wherein x is between 40 and 70.16. The terpolymer as claimed in claim 13 , wherein y is between 20 and 50.17. The terpolymer as claimed in claim 13 , wherein the sum of x and y is between 90 and 95.18. The terpolymer as claimed in claim 13 , wherein said terpolymer is composed of 61.8 mol % of VDF claim 13 , 29.8 mol % of TrFE and 8.5 mol % of CFE.19. The terpolymer as claimed in claim 13 , said terpolymer being in the form of powder claim 13 , free of crust or skin.20. In actuator systems claim 13 , micropumps or capacitors comprising a polymer claim 13 , the improvement wherein the polymer is a terpolymer as claimed in .21. The terpolymer as claimed in claim 13 , said terpolymer being manufactured by polymerization of VDF claim 13 , TrFE claim 13 , and CFE or CTFE monomers in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator claim 13 , said process comprising the following steps:i) an initial mixture of VDF and of TrFE, free of CFE and of CTFE, is fed into an autoclave,ii) the initiator mixed with water is injected into the autoclave so as to achieve, inside the autoclave, a pressure at least equal to 80 bar, in order to form a suspension of VDF and TrFE monomers in water,iii) a secondary mixture constituted of VDF, TrFE ...

NOVEL FLUORINATED UNSATURATED COMPOUND AND POLYMERS OBTAINABLE THEREFROM

A compound of formula CF═CFCFOSFand polymers comprising recurring units deriving from CF═CFCFOSFare disclosed as well as processes for their preparation. 1. A compound of formula CF═CFCFOSF.2. Process for the preparation of the compound of comprising reacting SOFwith CF═CFCFOSOF in the presence of a fluoride catalyst.3. A polymer comprising recurring units derived from CF═CFCFOSF.4. Polymer according to further comprising recurring units derived from at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer.5. Polymer according to wherein the ethylenically unsaturated monomer is selected from a fluorinated and/or a non-fluorinated monomer.7. Polymer according to wherein the non-fluorinated monomer is selected from the group consisting of: C-Colefins; C-Cchloroolefins; acrylic- or methacrylic monomers of formula CH═CRRin which Ris chosen from hydrogen and the methyl group and Ris the —CO—Rgroup in which Ris chosen from the —OH group and the —O—Rgroups with Rchosen from the linear or branched alkyl groups containing from 2 to 18 carbon atoms optionally bearing one or more —OH group.8. Polymer according to claim 3 , wherein the amount of recurring units derived from CF═CFCFOSFranges from 0.1 to 99.9 mole %.9. Process for the preparation of a polymer of comprising the step of polymerizing the compound of formula CF═CFCFOSFand optionally at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the presence of a polymerization initiator.10. Process according to wherein the polymerization initiator is a radical polymerization initiator.11. An article comprising the polymer of .12. A method for the preparation of a film claim 3 , hose claim 3 , pipe claim 3 , tube claim 3 , cable claim 3 , wire insulation claim 3 , fitting claim 3 , molded seal claim 3 , gasket claim 3 , o-ring claim 3 , bearing claim 3 , coating claim 3 , fiber claim 3 , or filtration membrane claim 3 , the method comprising forming a polymer of into the shape of a film claim 3 , hose claim 3 , pipe claim 3 , tube claim 3 , ...

HIGH SOLIDS, SURFACTANT-FREE FLUOROPOLYMER

The invention relates to a low coagulum fluoropolymer latex containing little or no surfactant, and having a high fluoropolymer solids content. The polymerization is run at temperatures somewhat greater than typically used. The latex can be dried into a solid resin, in which little or no surfactant is present, without using an ion exchange, washing, or other added unit operation. The invention also relates to the process for forming the high solids, latex, using little or no surfactant. 1. A low coagulum fluoropolymer emulsion composition comprising at least 26 weight percent of fluoropolymer solids in the emulsion , and less than 0.01 weight percent of surfactant based on the weight of fluoromonomers and less than 11% by weight coagulum.2. The low coagulum fluoropolymer emulsion composition of claim 1 , wherein the level of fluoropolymer solids is greater than 30 weight percent of the composition.3. The low coagulum fluoropolymer emulsion composition of claim 1 , wherein the level of fluoropolymer solids is from 26 to 40 weight percent.4. The low coagulum fluoropolymer emulsion composition of claim 1 , wherein the emulsion is storage stable.5. The low coagulum fluoropolymer emulsion composition of claim 1 , wherein said fluoropolymer comprises at least 70 weight percent of vinylidene fluoride monomer units.6. The low coagulum fluoropolymer emulsion composition of claim 1 , further comprising from 100 ppm to 10 claim 1 ,000 ppm of one or more ionic or ionizable initiators.7. The low coagulum fluoropolymer emulsion composition of claim 6 , wherein said initiator(s) comprise at least one persulfate initiator.8. The low coagulum fluoropolymer emulsion composition of claim 1 , wherein the yellowing index is less than 11 as measured after 10 minutes at 230 C according to ASTM E313-15.10. The low coagulum fluoropolymer emulsion composition of claim 1 , wherein the level of surfactant is zero.11. A process for forming a low coagulum fluoropolymer emulsion claim 1 , ...

Continuous Process for Producing Electrochemical Cells

A process for producing an electrochemical cell, comprising: (A) continuously depositing a wet cathode active material mixture onto a surface of a cathode current collector to form a cathode electrode, wherein the wet cathode active material mixture contains 30% to 85% by volume of a cathode active material and 0% to 15% by volume of a conductive additive dispersed in a first liquid or polymer gel electrolyte; (B) continuously depositing a wet anode active material mixture onto a surface of an anode current collector to form an anode electrode, wherein the wet anode active material mixture contains an anode active material and a conductive additive dispersed in a second electrolytes; and (C) combining the cathode electrode or a portion thereof and the anode electrode or a portion thereof to form the cell; wherein the anode electrode and/or the cathode electrode has a thickness from 200 μm to 3,000 μm. 1. A process for producing an electrochemical cell , said process comprising:(A) continuously depositing a wet cathode active material mixture onto at least a surface of a cathode current collector to form a wet cathode electrode, wherein said wet cathode active material mixture contains 30% to 85% by volume of a cathode active material and 0% to 15% by volume of a conductive additive dispersed in a first liquid or polymer gel electrolyte;(B) continuously depositing a wet anode active material mixture onto at least a surface of an anode current collector to form a wet anode electrode, wherein said wet anode active material mixture contains 30% to 85% by weight of an anode active material and 0% to 15% by volume of a conductive additive dispersed in a second liquid or polymer gel electrolytes; and(C) combining said wet cathode electrode or a portion thereof and said wet anode electrode or a portion thereof to form said electrochemical cell;wherein said anode electrode and/or said cathode electrode has a thickness from 200 μm to 3,000 μm.2. The process of claim 1 , ...

Aqueous polyvinylidene fluoride composition

The invention relates to an aqueous fluoropolymer, and preferably polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), composition for manufacturing electrodes for use in non-aqueous-type electrochemical devices, such as batteries and electric double layer capacitors. The composition contains aqueous PVDF binder, and one or more powdery electrode-forming materials. In one embodiment, the composition is free of fluorinated surfactant In another embodiment, one or more fugitive adhesion promoters are added. The electrode formed from the composition of the invention exhibits interconnectivity and irreversibility that is achieved from the use of aqueous PVDF binder.

HIGH MELT FLOW FLUOROPOLYMER COMPOSITION

The invention relates to very high melt flow fluoropolymer compositions, having low melt viscosities. The fluoropolymers have low molecular weights of from 5 kDa to 200 kDa and melt viscosities of less than 2 kilopoise (kP) at 232° C. and 100 s. One use for the high melt flow fluoropolymers is in the formation of very small diameters fibers, useful for melt-blown non-woven materials. Fiber diameters of less than 9 microns, and preferably 500 to 2000 nm can be produced. 1. A fluoropolymer composition comprising a fluoropolymer having at least 60 weight percent of one or more fluoromonomers , wherein said fluoropolymer has a melt viscosity of 0.01 to 2.0 kP , at 100 sand 232° C. , as measured by parallel plate rheology , and has a weight average molecular weight of from 15 ,000 to 200 ,000 Dalton as measured by GPC relative to polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) narrow standards.2. The fluoropolymer composition of wherein said fluoropolymer has a melt viscosity of 0.02 to 1.0 kP claim 1 , at 100 sand 232° C. claim 1 , as measured by parallel plate rheology claim 1 , and has a weight average molecular weight of from 15 claim 1 ,000 to 140 claim 1 ,000 Dalton as measured by GPC relative to PMMA narrow standards.3. The fluoropolymer composition of claim 1 , wherein said fluoropolymer has a melt viscosity of 0.03 to 0.5 kP claim 1 , at 100 sand 232° C. claim 1 , as measured by parallel plate rheology claim 1 , and has a weight average molecular weight of from 15 claim 1 ,000 to 100 claim 1 ,000 Dalton as measured by GPC relative to PMMA narrow standards.4. The fluoropolymer composition of claim 1 , wherein said fluoromonomer(s) are selected from the group consisting of vinylidene fluoride (VDF) claim 1 , tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) claim 1 , trifluoroethylene (TrFE) claim 1 , chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE) claim 1 , dichlorodifluoroethylene claim 1 , hexafluoropropene (RFP) claim 1 , vinyl fluoride (VF) claim 1 , hexafluoroisobutylene (HFIB) claim 1 , perfluorobutylethylene ( ...

POLYVINYLIDENE FLUORIDE RESIN EXPANDED BEADS, METHOD FOR PRODUCING POLYVINYLIDENE FLUORIDE RESIN EXPANDED BEADS, AND MOLDED ARTICLES OF POLYVINYLIDENE FLUORIDE RESIN EXPANDED BEADS

There is provided polyvinylidene fluoride resin expanded beads which have a high expansion ratio, do not shrink easily, and are capable of obtaining a molded article of the expanded beads that is excellent in mold reproducibility and dimensional stability. The polyvinylidene fluoride resin expanded beads include a polyvinylidene fluoride resin as a base resin, in which a flexural modulus of the polyvinylidene fluoride resin is 450 MPa or more, a melt flow rate (MFR) of the polyvinylidene fluoride resin is 1 g/10 min or more at 230° C. and 2.16 kg load, an apparent density of the expanded beads is 25 to 150 g/L, and a closed cell content of the expanded beads is 80% or more. 1. Polyvinylidene fluoride resin expanded beads comprising a polyvinylidene fluoride resin as a base resin , wherein;a flexural modulus of the polyvinylidene fluoride resin is 450 MPa or more, a melt flow rate (MFR) of the polyvinylidene fluoride resin is 1 g/10 min or more at 230° C. and 2.16 kg load, an apparent density of the expanded beads is 25 to 150 g/L, and a closed cell content of the expanded beads is 80% or more.2. The polyvinylidene fluoride resin expanded beads according to claim 1 , wherein a DSC curve that is measured when the expanded beads are heated from 30° C. to 200° C. at a heating rate of 10° C./min by a heat flux differential scanning calorimetry (a DSC curve of the first heating) has a crystalline structure in which an endothermic peak that is inherent in the polyvinylidene fluoride resin (inherent peak) and one or more endothermic peaks (high-temperature peaks) on the higher-temperature side than the inherent peak appear claim 1 , and the DSC curve of the first heating satisfies the condition of the following formula (1) claim 1 ,{'br': None, 'i': '≦Eh/Et≦', '0.050.25\u2003\u2003(1)'}(In the formula, Et represents the total calorific value (J/g) of the endothermic peaks of the inherent peak and the high-temperature peak on the DSC curve of the first heating, and Eh ...

PIEZOELECTRIC FILM AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING SAME

A piezoelectric film which is better in heat and deformation resistant properties than those in the prior art is provided along with a method of manufacture. The film is a piezoelectric film that is composed of a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and trifluoroethylene, the copolymer having a content of vinylidene fluoride in a range of not less than 82 mol % and not more than 86 mol % and having a molecular weight not less than 600,000. The piezoelectric film is subjected to a heat treatment for crystallization of the copolymer at a temperature ranging from not less than 140° C. to not more than 150° C., and is thereby caused to develop piezoelectric property. The piezoelectric film further has a heat resistance of not less than 140° C. and a breaking distortion of not less than 8% and not more than 55%, and an excellent deformation resistant property. 1. A piezoelectric film composed of a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and trifluoroethylene , wherein: the copolymer has a content of vinylidene fluoride in a range of not less than 82 mol % and not more than 86 mol % and the copolymer has a molecular weight of not less than 600 ,000 (/mol).2. A piezoelectric film as set forth in claim 1 , wherein said piezoelectric film comprises a film of said copolymer which is coated on a substrate and dried thereon claim 1 , whereon said film dried is heat-treated at a temperature in a range of not less than 140° C. and not more than 150° C. for crystallization of the copolymer to develop a piezoelectric property thereof.3. A piezoelectric film as set forth in claim 1 , wherein said piezoelectric film has a heat resistance of not less than 140° C. and is good in deformation resistance claim 1 , having a breaking distortion of not less than 8% and not more than 55%.4. A method of making a piezoelectric film claim 1 , further comprising the steps of preparing a solution containing a solvent and a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and trifluoroethylene in which vinylidene fluoride is ...

ELECTROCHROMIC DEVICE

Disclosed are curved electrochromic devices comprising an electrochromic apparatus disposed between first and second curved layers of transparent material, and the first and second curved layers have exterior and inner surfaces, wherein the inner surfaces face the electrochromic apparatus. Also disclosed are processes for manufacturing the disclosed bubble visors. 1. An electrochromic device having a layer of transparent polymeric material connected to an electrochromic apparatus , wherein the transparent polymeric material comprisesa coating opposite the electrochromic apparatus and that is capable of reflecting infrared and ultraviolet wavelength radiation;a coating opposite the electrochromic apparatus and blocks wavelengths of visible radiation capable of initiating chemical decomposition of an electrochromic compound; ora dielectric coating capable of transmitting light within the range of about 400 nm to 700 nm.2. An electrochromic device according to claim 1 , wherein the transparent polymeric material is a thermoplastic polymer.3. An electrochromic device according to claim 1 , wherein the electrochromic apparatus comprises an electrolyte membrane comprising a non-aqueous electrolyte and a polymer claim 1 , and the electrolyte membrane has a membrane first surface and a membrane second surface.4. An electrochromic device according to claim 3 , wherein the non-aqueous electrolyte is an ionic liquid.5. An electrochromic device according to claim 4 , wherein the ionic liquid comprises an anion selected from the group consisting of sulfates claim 4 , alkylsulfates claim 4 , arylsulfates claim 4 , alkylsulfonates claim 4 , fluorinated alkylsulfates claim 4 , fluorinated alkylsulfonates claim 4 , fluoroalkylsulfonylimides claim 4 , hexafluorophosphate claim 4 , tetracyanoborate claim 4 , tetrafluoroborate claim 4 , thiocyanate claim 4 , thiosalicylate claim 4 , dicyanamide claim 4 , and halides.6. An electrochromic device according to claim 4 , wherein the ionic ...

3-D PRINTED FLUOROPOLYMER STRUCTURES

The invention relates to fluoropolymer filament for use in 3-D printing, and 3-D printed fluoropolymer articles having low warpage, excellent chemical resistance, excellent water resistance, flame resistance, and good mechanical integrity. Additionally, the articles of the invention have good shelf life without the need for special packaging. In particular, the invention relates to filament, 3-D printed polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) articles, and in particular material extrusion 3-D printing. The articles may be formed from PVDF homopolymers, copolymers, such as KYNAR® resins from Arkema, as well as polymer blends with appropriately defined low shear melt viscosity. The PVDF may optionally be a filled PVDF formulation. The physical properties of the 3-D printed articles can be maximized and warpage minimized by optimizing processing parameters. 1. (canceled)2. (canceled)3. The fluoropolymer article of claim 15 , wherein said fluoropolymer has a high shear rate viscosity of 30 to 2000 Pa-s at 232° C. and 100 sec claim 15 , as measured by capillary rheomometry at the temperature given in the ASTM Melt Flow Testing for that fluoropolymer.4. (canceled)5. The fluoropolymer article of claim 15 , wherein said fluoropolymer composition further comprises from 0.01 to 50 claim 15 , weight percent of one or more fillers claim 15 , based on the weight of the fluoropolymer and filler.6. The fluoropolymer article of claim 15 , wherein said fluoropolymer composition comprises a blend of said fluoropolymer and up to 49 weight percent of one or more other compatible polymers.7. The fluoropolymer article of claim 6 , wherein said other compatible polymer is selected from a different fluoropolymer claim 6 , a polymethyl methacrylate homopolymer or copolymer claim 6 , or a block copolymer with one or more compatible blocks and at least one incompatible block.8. (canceled)9. (canceled)10. The fluoropolymer article of claim 5 , wherein said filler is selected from the group consisting ...

PVDF BINDERS FOR GRAPHITE/SILICON ANODES

The present invention pertains to vinylidene fluoride copolymers comprising recurring units derived from hydrophilic (meth)acrylic monomers and from perhalogenated monomers and to their use as binders for silicon negative electrodes. 2. The composition (C) according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one hydrophilic (meth)acrylic monomers (MA) of formula (I) is selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid (AA) claim 1 , (meth)acrylic acid claim 1 , hydroxyethyl(meth)acrylate (HEA) claim 1 , 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate (HPA) claim 1 , hydroxyethylhexyl(meth)acrylate claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.3. The composition (C) according to claim 1 , wherein the perhalogenated monomer (FM) is selected from the group consisting of chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE) claim 1 , hexafluoropropylene (HFP) and tetrafluoroethylene (TFE).5. The composition (C) according to wherein polymer (F) has intrinsic viscosity claim 1 , measured in dimethylformamide at 25° C. claim 1 , lower than 0.70 l/g.6. The composition (C) according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one hydrophilic (meth)acrylic monomer (MA) is comprised in an amount of from 0.2 to 1.0 mole % with respect to the total moles of recurring units of polymer (F) claim 1 , and the at least one perhalogenated monomer (FM) is comprised in an amount of from 0.5 to 3.0% mole with respect to the total moles of recurring units of polymer (F).7. The composition (C) according to claim 1 , wherein the powdery electrode material comprising at least one silicon material comprises a carbon-based material and a silicon-based compound.8. The composition (C) according to wherein the carbon-based material is graphite and the silicon-based compound is selected from the group consisting of chlorosilane claim 7 , alkoxysilane claim 7 , aminosilane claim 7 , fluoroalkylsilane claim 7 , silicon claim 7 , silicon chloride claim 7 , silicon carbide and silicon oxide.9. The composition (C) according to wherein the at least one silicon material is ...

PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A DISPERSION OF A VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE POLYMER

A process for manufacturing a dispersion of a vinylidene fluoride (VDF) thermoplastic polymer [polymer (F)], said process includes polymerizing VDF in an aqueous phase that includes: at least one surfactant selected from the group consisting of non-fluorinated surfactants [surfactant (HS)] and fluorinated surfactants having a molecular weight of less than 400 [surfactant (FS)]; and at least one functional (per)fluoropolyether (functional PFPE) comprising at least one (per)fluoropolyoxyalkylene chain [chain (R′)] and at least one functional group, said functional PFPE having a number average molecular weight of at least 1000 and a solubility in water of less than 1% by weight at 25° C., wherein said functional PFPE is present in the aqueous phase in an amount of 0.001 to 0.3 g/l. 114.-. (canceled)15. A process for manufacturing a dispersion of a vinylidene fluoride (VDF) thermoplastic polymer [polymer (F)] , said process comprising polymerizing VDF in an aqueous phase comprising: [ {'br': None, 'sub': f', '2', '2', 'k-1', '2', 'a, 'R—(OCFCF)—O—CF—COOX\u2003\u2003(IA)'}, 'surfactant (FS) complying with formula (IA) here below, {'sub': f', '1', '3', 'a', '4', '1', '3, 'sup': N', 'N, 'wherein Ris a C-Cperfluoroalkyl group comprising, optionally, one or more ether oxygen atoms, k is 2 or 3 and Xis selected from a monovalent metal and an ammonium group of formula NR, wherein R, equal or different at each occurrence, is a hydrogen atom or a C-Calkyl group; and'}, {'br': None, 'sub': FS', 'r, 'R-E-Y'}, 'surfactant (FS) complying with formula, {'sub': 'r', 'wherein: Yis an anionic functionality;'}, {'sub': 4', '24, 'wherein E is a C-Chydrocarbon non fluorinated divalent group, possibly comprising one or more catenary oxygen atom(s); and'}, {'sub': FS', 'f', 'f', '2', 'f', 'r', 'f', '1', '6, 'sup': FS', 'FS', 'FS', 'FS, 'wherein Ris a —ORgroup, a —N(R), or a —OAr(R)group, wherein R, equal to or different from each other at each occurrence, is a C-Cperfluoroalkyl group, Ar is ...

FLUORINATED POLYMER, METHOD FOR PRODUCING IT, AND ARTICLE HAVING CURED PRODUCT OF FLUORINATED POLYMER

To provide a fluorinated polymer which can be heat-cured at low temperature (from room temperature to 150° C.). 2. The fluorinated polymer according to claim 1 , wherein the units represented by the formula (1) are —[CF—CF(O(CF)CONH—CH—SiR(W))]— or —[CF—CF(O(CF)CONH—CH—NH—CH—SiR(W))]— claim 1 , wherein Ris each independently an alkyl group claim 1 , Wis each independently a halogen atom or an alkoxy group claim 1 , and m is each independently 0 claim 1 , 1 or 2.4. The fluorinated polymer according to claim 3 , wherein Zis NR—Y claim 3 , and Zis OR.5. The fluorinated polymer according to claim 1 , which further contains units derived from a fluoroethylene.7. The fluorinated polymer according to claim 1 , wherein the content of the group represented by —COZis from 0.01 to 4 mmol/g.9. A coating composition claim 1 , which comprises the fluorinated polymer as defined in claim 1 , and a fluorinated solvent.10. A cured product of the fluorinated polymer as defined in .11. A formed product formed from the cured product as defined in .12. The formed product according to claim 11 , which is a film.13. An article comprising a substrate claim 1 , and a layer of a cured product of the fluorinated polymer as defined in claim 1 , formed on the surface of the substrate.14. The article according to claim 13 , which has a primer layer between the surface of the substrate and the layer of a cured product of the fluorinated polymer. The present invention relates to a fluorinated polymer, a method for producing it, and an article having a cured product of the fluorinated polymer.Fluorinated polymers have been utilized as various industrial materials, making use of their excellent properties such as heat resistance, chemical resistance, low surface energy, low refractive index and low dielectric constant. Particularly, fluorinated polymers represented by polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), poly(tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene) (FEP) and poly(tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ...

TUBE AND METHOD FOR MAKING SAME

A tube includes a layer including a fluoropolymer has a crystallite size of less than about nanometers per crystalline particle and a refractive index of less than 1.40. 1. A tube comprises:a layer comprising a fluoropolymer having a crystallite size of less than about 380 nanometers per crystalline particle and a refractive index of less than 1.40.2. The tube in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the fluoropolymer comprises a homopolymer claim 1 , copolymer claim 1 , terpolymer claim 1 , or polymer blend formed from a monomer comprising tetrafluoroethylene claim 1 , hexafluoropropylene claim 1 , chlorotrifluoroethylene claim 1 , trifluoroethylene claim 1 , vinylidene fluoride claim 1 , vinylidene difluoride claim 1 , vinyl fluoride claim 1 , perfluoropropyl vinyl ether claim 1 , perfluoromethyl vinyl ether claim 1 , or any combination thereof.3. The tube in accordance with claim 2 , wherein the fluoropolymer comprises a terpolymer of tetrafluoroethylene claim 2 , hexafluoropropylene claim 2 , and vinylidene difluoride.4. The tube in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the fluoropolymer has a crystallinity of greater than 50% claim 1 , such as greater than 55% claim 1 , such as greater than 60% claim 1 , or even greater than 65%.5. The tube in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the fluoropolymer has a transparency of greater than about 80% claim 1 , such as greater than about 85% claim 1 , such as greater than about 90% claim 1 , or even greater than about 95%.6. The tube of claim 1 , wherein the tube is immersed into a liquid fragrance.7. A method of forming a tube comprises:providing a fluoropolymer;extruding the fluoropolymer at a temperature of greater than 550° F.; andquenching the extruded fluoropolymer at a temperature of less than 80° F.8. The method of forming the tube in accordance with claim 7 , wherein the fluoropolymer comprises a homopolymer claim 7 , copolymer claim 7 , terpolymer claim 7 , or polymer blend formed from a monomer comprising ...

METHODS OF FORMING A POLYMER LAYER ON A POLYMER SURFACE

Methods of forming polymer layers on polymer surfaces using surface initiated atom-transfer radical-polymerization (ATRP) are described. The method can include functionalization steps prior to performing surface initiated ATRP, such as hydroxylation steps and/or halogenation steps. The hydroxylation step can be carried out in a solution including potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, or lithium hydroxide. The halogenation step can also be carried out in a solution. The methods described herein can be performed on bundles of hollow polymer fibers, including bundles of hollow polymer fibers mounted in a module. 1. A method of forming a polymer film on a polymer surface , the method comprising the steps of:(a) hydroxylating the polymer surface in a hydroxylation solution;(b) halogenating the polymer surface;(c) performing surface initiated atom-transfer radical-polymerization on the polymer surface, wherein the surface initiated atom-transfer radical polymerization forms a polymer film on the polymer surface.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydroxylation solution comprises potassium persulfate claim 1 , ammonium persulfate claim 1 , lithium hydroxide claim 1 , or combinations thereof;wherein the polymer surface is a fluorinated polymer when the hydroxylation solution comprises lithium hydroxide,3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the hydroxylation solution further comprises water.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymer surface comprises a bundle of polymer fibers.5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising the step of mounting the bundle of polymer fibers in a module prior to performing step (a).6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the bundle of polymer fibers comprises a bundle of hollow polymer fibers and the bundle of hollow polymer fibers is mounted in the module such that only the exterior surface of the hollow polymer fibers is exposed to the hydroxylation solution.7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the bundle of polymer fibers comprises a bundle ...

Nanovoided tunable optics

An optical element includes a nanovoided polymer layer having a first refractive index in an unactuated state and a second refractive index different than the first refractive index in an actuated state. Compression or expansion of the nanovoided polymer layer, for instance, can be used to reversibly control the size and shape of the nanovoids within the polymer layer and hence tune its refractive index over a range of values, e.g., during operation of the optical element. Various other apparatuses, systems, materials, and methods are also disclosed.

SPATIALLY ADDRESSABLE NANOVOIDED POLYMERS

Examples include a device including a nanovoided polymer element having a first surface and a second surface, a first plurality of electrodes disposed on the first surface, a second plurality of electrodes disposed on the second surface, and a control circuit configured to apply an electrical potential between one or more of the first plurality of electrodes and one or more of the second plurality of electrodes to induce a physical deformation of the nanovoided polymer element. 1. A device comprising:a nanovoided polymer element having a first surface and a second surface;a first plurality of electrodes disposed on the first surface;a second electrode disposed on the second surface; anda control circuit configured to apply an electrical potential between one or more of the first plurality of electrodes and the second electrode to induce a physical deformation of the nanovoided polymer element.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the control circuit is further configured to determine the physical deformation of the nanovoided polymer element using a capacitance measurement between one or more of the first plurality of electrodes and the second electrode.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the device includes a second plurality of electrodes disposed on the second surface claim 1 , the second plurality of electrodes including the second electrode.4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the device is a spatially addressable actuator claim 1 , andthe physical deformation includes a spatially varying compression of the nanovoided polymer element.5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the nanovoided polymer element is flexible.6. The device of claim 1 , wherein the nanovoided polymer element includes a polymer having a plurality of nanovoids disposed therein.7. the device of claim 6 , wherein the polymer comprises an acrylate polymer or a silicone polymer.8. The device of claim 1 , wherein the nanovoided polymer element is generally transparent claim 1 ,the first plurality of ...

Process for Producing Fluoroelastomers

An emulsion polymerization process for the production of fluoroelastomers is disclosed wherein the aqueous polymerization medium comprises a dispersed fluoroionomer particulate and is substantially free of dispersing agent. 1. An emulsion polymerization process for the production of a fluoroelastomer , said process comprising polymerizing a first monomer selected from the group consisting of vinylidene fluoride and tetrafluoroethylene with at least one different monomer in an aqueous medium substantially free of dispersant , said aqueous medium comprising initiator and dispersed particulate of fluorinated ionomer to obtain an aqueous dispersion of fluoroelastomer.2. The process of wherein said at least one different monomer is selected from the group consisting of fluoromonomers claim 1 , hydrocarbon olefins and mixtures thereof.3. The process of wherein said fluoroelastomer comprises copolymerized units selected from the group consisting of i) vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene; ii) vinylidene fluoride claim 1 , hexafluoropropylene and tetrafluoroethylene; iii) vinylidene fluoride claim 1 , hexafluoropropylene claim 1 , tetrafluoroethylene and 4-bromo-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,4-tetrafluorobutene-1; iv) vinylidene fluoride claim 1 , hexafluoropropylene claim 1 , tetrafluoroethylene and 4-iodo-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,4-tetrafluorobutene-1; v) vinylidene fluoride claim 1 , perfluoro(methyl vinyl ether) claim 1 , tetrafluoroethylene and 4-bromo-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,4-tetrafluorobutene-1; vi) vinylidene fluoride claim 1 , perfluoro(methyl vinyl ether) claim 1 , tetrafluoroethylene and 4-iodo-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,4-tetrafluorobutene-1; vii) vinylidene fluoride claim 1 , perfluoro(methyl vinyl ether) claim 1 , tetrafluoroethylene and 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-pentafluoropropene; viii) tetrafluoroethylene claim 1 , perfluoro(methyl vinyl ether) and ethylene; ix) tetrafluoroethylene claim 1 , perfluoro( ...

ELECTROCHROMIC DEVICE

Disclosed are curved electrochromic devices comprising an electrochromic apparatus disposed between first and second curved layers of transparent material, and the first and second curved layers have exterior and inner surfaces, wherein the inner surfaces face the electrochromic apparatus. Also disclosed are processes for manufacturing the disclosed bubble visors. 1. A curved electrochromic device comprising an electrochromic apparatus disposed between first and second curved layers of transparent material , and the first and second curved layers have exterior and inner surfaces , wherein the inner surfaces face the electrochromic apparatus , and wherein the exterior surface of the first curved layer of transparent material is provided with a coating that blocks wavelengths of visible radiation capable of initiating chemical decomposition of the electrochromic apparatus.2. A curved electrochromic device according to claim 1 , wherein the transparent material of each of the first and second curved layers is independently glass or thermoplastic polymer.3. A curved electrochromic device according to claim 1 , wherein the electrochromic apparatus comprises an electrolyte membrane comprising a non-aqueous electrolyte and a polymer claim 1 , and the electrolyte membrane has a membrane first surface and a membrane second surface.4. A curved electrochromic device according to claim 3 , wherein the non-aqueous electrolyte is an ionic liquid.5. A curved electrochromic device according to claim 4 , wherein the ionic liquid comprises an anion selected from the group consisting of sulfates claim 4 , alkylsulfates claim 4 , arylsulfates claim 4 , alkylsulfonates claim 4 , fluorinated alkylsulfates claim 4 , fluorinated alkylsulfonates claim 4 , fluoroalkylsulfonylimides claim 4 , hexafluorophosphate claim 4 , tetracyanoborate claim 4 , tetrafluoroborate claim 4 , thiocyanate claim 4 , thiosalicylate claim 4 , dicyanamide claim 4 , and halides.6. A curved electrochromic device ...

ULTRA-HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT POLY(VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE)

The invention relates to a polyvinylidene fluoride polymer having an ultra-high molecular weight, and unexpected physical properties. The ultra-high molecular weight polymer is clear, has a lower melting point, reduced crystallinity, excellent impact resistance, and a high elongation at the yield point. The ultra-high molecular weight polyvinylidene fluoride can be alone, or blended with other polymers, in final applications and articles. 112-. (canceled)13. An ultra-high molecular weight polyvinylidene fluoride , wherein said ultra-high molecular weight polyvinylidene fluoride is soluble in n-methyl pyrolidine (NMP) at 20° C. , and when dissolved at 10% in (NMP) at 20° C. , has a solution viscosity of greater than 35 Pa-s measured at 0.1 s.141. The ultra-high molecular weight polyvinylidene fluoride of claim , wherein said ultra-high molecular weight polyvinylidene fluoride has a solution viscosity of greater than 45 Pa-s in 10% NMP at 20° C. and 0.1 s ,152. The ultra-high molecular weight polyvinylidene fluoride of claim , wherein said ultra-high molecular weight polyvinylidene fluoride has a solution viscosity of greater than 50 Pa-s in 10% NMP at 20° C. and 0.1 s.161. The ultra-high molecular weight polyvinylidene fluoride of claim , wherein said polyvinylidene fluoride is a homopolymer.171. The ultra-high molecular weight polyvinylidene fluoride of claim , wherein said polyvinylidene fluoride is a copolymer.185. The ultra-high molecular weight polyvinylidene fluoride of claim , wherein said polyvinylidene fluoride is a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropene.191. The ultra-high molecular weight polyvinylidene fluoride of claim , wherein said polyvinylidene fluoride is in the form of a powder or pellets.201. The ultra-high molecular weight polyvinylidene fluoride of claim , wherein the ultra-high molecular weight polyvinylidene fluoride is blended with a polyvinylidene fluoride other than an ultra-high molecular weight polyvinylidene fluoride ...

MODIFIED FLUOROPOLYMERS

Modified fluoropolymers, and methods for manufacturing modified fluoropolymers are provided. According to at least one embodiment, chemically modified fluoropolymers, via radical generation and subsequent reaction, produce fluoropolymers having fluorinated moieties and/or non-fluorinated moieties, disrupting highly coherent polar domains, wherein the non-fluorinated moieties include, for example, at least one of carbonyl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, alkyl, and/or aromatic chemical groups. 2. The modified fluoropolymer of claim 1 , wherein the copolymeric units m claim 1 , n claim 1 , o claim 1 , p claim 1 , q or r are arranged either in block claim 1 , alternating claim 1 , or random nature.3. The modified fluoropolymer of claim 1 , wherein the copolymeric units m claim 1 , n claim 1 , o claim 1 , p claim 1 , q or r range in value from 0.05 to 0.80.4. The modified fluoropolymer of claim 1 , wherein the aromatic is at least one of 2-phenylethyl claim 1 , 2-phenylethyl acetate claim 1 , 2-phenylethyl alcohol claim 1 , or 2-phenylethyl ester.5. A dielectric capacitor; comprising:a first metal electrode;a second metal electrode opposite the first metal electrode; and{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'a modified fluoropolymer film comprised of at least one of the modified fluoropolymers of and disposed between the first metal electrode and the second metal electrode.'}6. The dielectric capacitor of claim 5 , wherein the modified fluoropolymer film is approximately six to ten micrometers in thickness.7. The dielectric capacitor of claim 5 , wherein the first metal electrode and second metal electrode comprise aluminum claim 5 , an alloy of aluminum claim 5 , or zinc.8. The dielectric capacitor of claim 5 , wherein a dielectric loss of the modified fluoropolymer film is approximately equal to a dielectric loss of PET or PP.9. A method for manufacturing a modified fluoropolymer claim 5 , comprising:irradiating a fluoropolymeric film to create a radicalized ...

Fluororesin and molded article

The invention provides a fluororesin that is less likely to suffer blistering or cracking even when rapidly decompressed from a high-temperature and high-pressure state. The fluororesin contains a vinylidene fluoride unit. The vinylidene fluoride unit represents 10.0 to 100 mol % of all the monomer units constituting the fluororesin. The fluororesin exhibits a weight loss of 0.1% or less after heated at 300° C. for two hours.

COMPOSITE SOLID STATE ELECTROLYTE AND LITHIUM ION BATTERY CONTAINING THE SAME

A composite solid state electrolyte comprises a polymer electrolyte material, a ceramic ion conductor, and a functionalized coupling agent selected to be compatible with the ceramic ion conductor and the bulk polymer compound. The polymer electrolyte material comprises a bulk polymer compound and a lithium salt. The functionalized coupling agent has a backbone that is structurally similar to the bulk polymer compound. 1. A composite solid state electrolyte comprising:a polymer electrolyte material comprising a bulk polymer compound and a lithium salt;a ceramic ion conductor; anda functionalized coupling agent selected to be compatible with the ceramic ion conductor and the bulk polymer compound, wherein the functionalized coupling agent has a backbone that is structurally similar to the bulk polymer compound.2. The composite solid state electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein the bulk polymer compound comprises polyethylene oxide (PEO) claim 1 , and the backbone of the functionalized coupling agent comprises polyethylene glycol (PEG).3. The composite solid state electrolyte of claim 2 , wherein the backbone of the functionalized coupling agent has no less than 8 and no more than 16 repeating units.4. The composite solid state electrolyte of claim 2 , wherein the backbone of the functionalized coupling agent has no less than 10 and no more than 14 repeating units.5. The composite solid state electrolyte of claim 2 , wherein the functionalized coupling agent is one of N-(acid-PEG3)-N-bis(PEG3-amine) claim 2 , amino-PEG10-alcohol claim 2 , amino-PEG10-amine claim 2 , aminooxy-PEG8-acid claim 2 , azido-PEG10-acid claim 2 , Fmoc-N-amido-PEG10-acid) claim 2 , or hydroxy-PEG10-acid.6. The composite solid state electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein the bulk polymer compound comprises polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) claim 1 , and the backbone of the functionalized coupling agent comprises a perfluorinated alkyl.7. The composite solid state electrolyte of claim 6 , wherein the ...

VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE POLYMER

The present invention pertains to a process for manufacturing a vinylidene fluoride polymer, to the vinylidene fluoride polymer obtained by said process and to uses of said vinylidene fluoride polymer in various applications. 2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the salt (AM) comprises at least one alkaline metal cation and an organic or inorganic anion.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the salt (AM) comprises at least one alkaline metal cation selected from the group consisting of Li claim 1 , Na and K cations.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the salt (AM) is selected from the group consisting of tetrasodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) of formula Na(PO) claim 1 , NaPO claim 1 , NaCOand mixtures thereof.5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the aqueous medium comprises at least one salt (AM) in an amount comprised between 0.05 and 5 g/Kg of water.6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the suspending agent is selected from the group consisting of polysaccharide derivatives.7. The process according to claim 6 , wherein the polysaccharide derivative comprises glycosidic units selected from D-glucopyranosides and D-glucofuranosides claim 6 , or a mixture thereof claim 6 , linked to each other by glycosidic bonds.8. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the chain transfer agent is selected from the group consisting of: {'br': None, 'sub': 1', '2, 'R′—O—CO—O—R′\u2003\u2003(II-a)'}, '(i) organic carbonates of formula (II-a){'sub': 1', '2', '1', '10, 'wherein R′and R′, equal to or different from each other, are C-Calkyl groups, and'} {'br': None, 'sub': 1', '3, 'R″—CO—O—CH\u2003\u2003(II-b)'}, '(ii) alkyl acetates of formula (II-b){'sub': 1', '1', '10, 'wherein R″is a C-Calkyl group.'}9. A polymer (VDF) claim 1 , wherein polymer (VDF) is a vinylidene fluoride polymer comprising recurring units derived from vinylidene fluoride (VDF) and claim 1 , optionally claim 1 , at least one fluorinated monomer different from VDF claim 1 , ...

3-D PRINTED FLUOROPOLYMER STRUCTURES

The invention relates to fluoropolymer filament for use in 3-D printing, and 3-D printed fluoropolymer articles having low warpage, excellent chemical resistance, excellent water resistance, flame resistance, and good mechanical integrity. Additionally, the articles of the invention have good shelf life without the need for special packaging. In particular, the invention relates to filament, 3-D printed polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) articles, and in particular material extrusion 3-D printing. The articles may be formed from PVDF homopolymers, copolymers, such as KYNAR® resins from Arkema, as well as polymer blends with appropriately defined low shear melt viscosity. The PVDF may optionally be a filled PVDF formulation. The physical properties of the 3-D printed articles can be maximized and warpage minimized by optimizing processing parameters. 1. A three-dimensionally printed fluoropolymer article , comprising a fluoropolymer composition , wherein the fluoropolymer in said fluoropolymer composition comprises either a homopolymer of vinylidene fluoride , or a copolymer comprising at least 65 weight percent of vinylidene fluoride monomer units , and 35 weight percent of one or more comonomers , and wherein said fluoropolymer has a low shear rate viscosity at 232° C. and 4 sec of less than 13 ,000 Pa-s , and a high shear rate viscosity of 30 to 2000 Pa-s at 232° C. and 100 sec , as measured by capillary rheomometry at 232° C.2. The three-dimensionally printed fluoropolymer article of claim 1 , wherein said article a claim 1 , a tensile strength at yield claim 1 , of greater than 700% as measured in the xy direction.3. The three-dimensionally printed fluoropolymer article of claim 1 , wherein said article has an elongation at break claim 1 , of greater than 70 percent claim 1 , and also greater than 1500 psi stress at yield when printed and tested in the xy direction.4. The three-dimensionally printed fluoropolymer article of claim 1 , wherein said article has a ...

ELONGATED FLUOROELASTOMERIC ARTICLES AND METHODS OF MAKING THE SAME

Described herein is method of making elongated fluoroelastomeric articles using a millable composition comprising (a) a random fluorinated polymer, the random fluorinated polymer comprising repeating divalent monomeric units derived from TFE, HFP and VDF and further comprising 0.1 to 1% by weight iodine, wherein the random fluorinated polymer has an MFI greater than 5 g/10 min at 265° C. and 5 kg; (b) a filler, and (c) a peroxide, wherein the millable composition has a melting point less than 125° C. Such compositions can be used to make elongated articles such as stators. 1. A method of making an assembly , the method comprising:obtaining a millable composition comprising (a) a random fluorinated polymer, the random fluorinated polymer comprising repeating divalent monomeric units derived from TFE, HFP and VDF and further comprising 0.1 to 1% by weight iodine, wherein the random fluorinated polymer has an MFI greater than 5 g/10 min at 265° C. and 5 kg; (b) a filler, and (c) a peroxide, wherein the millable composition has a melting point less than 125° C.;obtaining a casing open at both ends and positioning a mandrel running longitudinally therethrough;extruding the millable composition into a space between an interior wall of the casing and the mandrel to form a shaped composition;treating the shaped composition with heat to bond the shaped composition to the interior wall of the casing to form an assembly.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising coating an interior wall of the casing with a bonding agent prior to extruding.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the bonding agent is selected from at least one of a reactive vinyl silane claim 2 , a reactive amine claim 2 , and polyimide.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mandrel is removed after treating with heat.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mandrel comprises a round shaft with a projecting helical structure.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the casing is an elongated tube.7. The method of claim 1 ...

METHODS OF FORMING A POLYMER LAYER ON A POLYMER SURFACE

Methods of forming polymer layers on polymer surfaces using surface initiated atom-transfer radical-polymerization (ATRP) are described. The method can include functionalization steps prior to performing surface initiated ATRP, such as hydroxylation steps and/or halogenation steps. The hydroxylation step can be carried out in a solution including potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, or lithium hydroxide. The halogenation step can also be carried out in a solution. The methods described herein can be performed on bundles of hollow polymer fibers, including bundles of hollow polymer fibers mounted in a module. 1. A method of forming a polymer film on a polymer surface , the method comprising the steps of:(a) hydroxylating the polymer surface in a hydroxylation solution;(b) halogenating the polymer surface;(c) performing surface initiated atom-transfer radical-polymerization on the polymer surface, wherein the surface initiated atom-transfer radical polymerization forms a polymer film on the polymer surface.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydroxylation solution comprises potassium persulfate claim 1 , ammonium persulfate claim 1 , lithium hydroxide claim 1 , or combinations thereof;wherein the polymer surface is a fluorinated polymer when the hydroxylation solution comprises lithium hydroxide,3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the hydroxylation solution further comprises water.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymer surface comprises a bundle of polymer fibers.5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising the step of mounting the bundle of polymer fibers in a module prior to performing step (a).6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the bundle of polymer fibers comprises a bundle of hollow polymer fibers and the bundle of hollow polymer fibers is mounted in the module such that only the exterior surface of the hollow polymer fibers is exposed to the hydroxylation solution.7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the bundle of polymer fibers comprises a bundle ...

METHOD FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF FLUOROPOLYMERS

The present invention relates to a fluorosurfactant-free emulsion polymerization method for the synthesis of a fluoropolymer, more in particular of a VDF-based polymer. 1. A method for the manufacture of a polymer (VDF) comprising at least recurring units derived from 1 ,1-difluoroethylene (VDF) , said method comprising:(I) contacting at least a first portion of 1,1-difluoroethylene (VDF), with an aqueous medium and at least one polymerization initiator, thus providing a first mixture (M1);(II) polymerizing at least a part of said first portion of VDF, thus providing a second mixture (M2);(III) contacting said mixture (M2) with at least a first portion of at least one acid-functionalized compound (A), or the corresponding alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or ammonium salt of such compound (A), thus providing a third mixture (M3); and(IV) polymerizing said mixture (M3) by feeding at least a second portion of VDF, thus providing said polymer (VDF).2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the polymerization in said step (II) is performed until VDF reaches a conversion of at least 0.5% and up to 15% claim 1 , the conversion being defined as [(mass of polymer formed/mass of total polymer)×100].3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said compound (A) contains at least one vinyl group and at least one sulfonic acid or salt thereof with an alkaline metal.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein said compound (A) complies with the following formula (A-I):{'br': None, 'sub': 2', '2, 'RO—S(═O)—R1-CH═CH\u2003\u2003(A-I)'}whereinR is a hydrogen atom, an ammonium ion or an alkaline metal ion;R1 is a sigma bond or an alkyl chain comprising from 1 to 3 carbon atoms.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said polymer (VDF) is a homo-polymer of VDF [polymer (VDFH)] consisting essentially of recurring units derived from VDF.6. The method according to claim 1 , whereinsaid step (I) is performed by contacting said at least a first portion of VDF with at least a ...

3-D PRINTED FLUOROPOLYMER STRUCTURES

A lubricant composition includes a base oil present in an amount of greater than 70 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the lubricant composition and an antioxidant. The antioxidant has the structure: wherein each X is independently C-A or N, so long as at least one X is N but no more than two of X are N. Moreover, A is H, cyano or an electron donating group that: (1) has an atom having at least one lone pair of electrons that is bonded directly to the aromatic ring; or (2) is an aryl group or alkyl group. Further, each R is independently H, an alkyl group, or aryl group and each R′ is independently an alkyl group or an aryl group. 4. The lubricant composition of any one of - wherein A is an electron donating group that has an oxygen atom or nitrogen atom that is bonded directly to the aromatic ring.5. The lubricant composition of any one of - wherein said electron donating group is —NR″ , —NH , —OH , —OR″ , —NHCOR″ , or —OCOR″ , wherein each R″ is independently an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.6. The lubricant composition of any one of - wherein said electron donating group is —NR″ , wherein each R″ is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms7. The lubricant composition of any one of - wherein said electron donating group is —NH.8. The lubricant composition of any one of - wherein said electron donating group is —OH.9. The lubricant composition of any one of - wherein said electron donating group is —OR″ , wherein R″ is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.10. The lubricant composition of any one of - wherein said electron donating group is —NHCOR″ , wherein R″ is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.11. The lubricant composition of any one of - wherein said electron donating group is —OCOR″ , wherein R″ is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.12. The lubricant composition of any one of - wherein said electron donating group is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.13. The lubricant composition of any one of - wherein said ...

FLUOROPOLYMERS

The invention relates to novel linear, semi-crystalline fluoropolymers containing 0.5 to 25 mole percent of at least one vinyl ester monomer unit. At least 40 mole percent of the vinyl ester monomer units are present in the copolymer as single monomer units (not diads or triads or greater) between two fluoromonomer units. The invention also relates to a process for forming the fluoromonomers/vinyl ester copolymer. The fluoropolymer of the invention may be used in applications benefiting from a functional fluoropolymers including as a binder or coating in batteries, or for use in forming hydrophilic membranes and hollow fibers. 1. A process for forming a random , semi-crystalline copolymer comprising from 80 to 99.95 mole percent of one or more fluoromonomers , wherein said fluoromonomers comprise from 70 to 100 weight percent of vinylidene fluoride , and 0.05 to 20 mole percent of one or more vinyl ester having the formula CH═CH—O—(CO)—Rn , wherein Rn is a hydrogen atom or a C14 linear or branched hydrocarbon , and wherein at least 40 mole percent of the vinyl ester monomer units are present in the copolymer as single monomer units between two fluoromonomer units , comprising the steps of:a) charging an initial monomer charge comprising fluoromonomers, andb) starve-feeding the vinyl ester monomer co-continuously with fluoromonomers to the reactor once polymerization has begun.2. The process of claim 8 , wherein said initial monomer feed consists of fluoromonomers3. The process of claim 8 , wherein only non-fluorinated surfactant is used in the polymerization process.4. The process of claim 8 , wherein said vinyl ester comprises vinyl acetate.5. The random copolymer of claim 1 , wherein the mole percent of vinyl ester monomer units is from 0.5 to 15 mole percent.6. The random copolymer of claim 6 , wherein the mole percent of vinyl ester monomer units is from 1 to 10 mole percent.7. An article comprising a random claim 6 , semi-crystalline copolymer comprising from ...

METHOD FOR MAKING FLUOROPOLYMERS

The invention pertains to a method of making fluoropolymer dispersions using certain polyfunctional perfluoropolyether derivatives including a plurality of ionisable groups selected from the group consisting of —SOX, —POXand —COOX, whereas Xis H, an ammonium group or a monovalent metal, and whereas said groups are comprised as pendant groups in the perfluoropolyether chain, and to fluoropolymer dispersions therefrom. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amount of dispersant (D) is at least 0.05% wt and/or at most 3.20% wt claim 1 , with respect to the total weight of the aqueous medium.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein dispersant (D) comprises a plurality of ionisable groups selected from the group consisting of —SOX claim 1 , and —COOX claim 1 , wherein Xis H claim 1 , an ammonium group or a monovalent metal.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amount of said ionisable groups in dispersant (D) is at least 0.35 meq/g claim 1 , with respect to the weight of dispersant (D) claim 1 , and/or at most 2.50 meq/g.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein dispersant (D) comprises a plurality of ionisable groups selected from the group consisting of carboxylic groups of formula —COOX claim 1 , wherein Xis H claim 1 , an ammonium group or a monovalent metal claim 1 , and wherein repeating units —R—O— of the dispersant (D) are selected from the group consisting of:{'sub': 2', 'a, '(a2′) units —CFCF(COOX)O—'}{'sub': 'a', '(b2′) units —CF(COOX)O—'}{'sub': 2', '2', 'x1', 'a', '2', 'x2, '(c2′) units —CF(CF)CF(COOX)(CF)O—, with X1 and X2 being zero or integers from 1 to 2, with the proviso that X1+X2 is at least 1,'}{'sub': 'a', 'wherein Xis H, an ammonium group or a monovalent metal.'}8. The method of claim 1 , wherein dispersant (D) comprises a plurality of ionisable groups selected from the group consisting of sulphonic acid groups of formula —SOX claim 1 , whereas Xis H claim 1 , an ammonium group or a monovalent metal claim 1 , possibly in combination with carboxylic groups of ...

Prohealing piezoelectric coatings

Provided herein is a prohealing piezoelectric coating and the method of making and using the same.

Aqueous vinylidene fluoride-based polymer composition and use thereof

An object of the present invention is to provide an aqueous vinylidene fluoride-based polymer composition capable of providing a mixture for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery exhibiting excellent adhesive strength with a current collector, wherein the aqueous vinylidene fluoride-based polymer composition of the present invention comprises a vinylidene fluoride-based polymer and water; the vinylidene fluoride-based polymer exhibits a multi-modal scattering intensity distribution in dynamic light scattering; the vinylidene fluoride-based polymer comprises a component A having a particle size of not greater than 1 μm in a scattering intensity distribution and a component B having a particle size exceeding 1 μm; the D50 of component A is from 0.02 to 0.5 μm; the D50 of component B is from 1.1 to 50 μm; and the integrated value of a scattering intensity distribution frequency in a particle size range of from 1.0 to 1000.0 nm is in a range of from 70.0 to 98.7%.

SEPARATOR FOR A NON-AQUEOUS SECONDARY BATTERY, AND NON-AQUEOUS SECONDARY BATTERY

A separator for a non-aqueous secondary battery, the separator including: a porous substrate; and an adhesive porous layer provided on one or both sides of the porous substrate and including a polyvinylidene fluoride-based resin, the adhesive porous layer would exhibit a ratio of an area intensity of a β-phase-crystal-derived peak of the polyvinylidene fluoride-based resin to a sum of an area intensity of an α-phase-crystal-derived peak of the polyvinylidene fluoride-based resin and the area intensity of the β-phase-crystal-derived peak of the polyvinylidene fluoride-based resin of from 10% to 100% when an x-ray diffraction spectrum is obtained by performing measurement by an x-ray diffraction method. 1. A separator for a non-aqueous secondary battery , the separator comprising:a porous substrate; andan adhesive porous layer provided on one or both sides of the porous substrate and comprising a polyvinylidene fluoride-based resin and a filler,the adhesive porous layer would exhibit a ratio of an area intensity of a β-phase-crystal-derived peak of the polyvinylidene fluoride-based resin to a sum of an area intensity of an α-phase-crystal-derived peak of the polyvinylidene fluoride-based resin and the area intensity of the β-phase-crystal-derived peak of the polyvinylidene fluoride-based resin of from 10% to 100% when an x-ray diffraction spectrum is obtained by performing measurement by an x-ray diffraction method, andwherein a content of the filler is less than 80% by mass and 10% by mass or more, based on a total amount of the polyvinylidene fluoride-based resin and the filler.2. The separator for a non-aqueous secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the adhesive porous layer would exhibit the ratio of the area intensity of the β-phase-crystal-derived peak of the polyvinylidene fluoride-based resin to the sum of the area intensity of the α-phase-crystal-derived peak of the polyvinylidene fluoride-based resin and the area intensity of the β-phase-crystal- ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING RESIN PARTICLES

A method for manufacturing resin particles is provided. The method includes the steps of: dissolving a resin free of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) in a good solvent of the resin to prepare a resin solution; and discharging the resin solution from at least one discharge hole having an inner diameter of less than 1,000 μm into a poor solvent of the resin to form resin particles. 1. A method for manufacturing resin particles , comprising:dissolving a resin free of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) in a good solvent of the resin to prepare a resin solution; anddischarging the resin solution from at least one discharge hole having an inner diameter of less than 1,000 μm into a poor solvent of the resin to form resin particles.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the resin comprises at least one of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polylactic acid (PLA).3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the inner diameter of the discharge hole is 50 μm or less.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the discharging includes applying a vibration to the resin solution.5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the vibration has a frequency of 1 kHz or higher.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the discharging includes applying a pressure of 0.01 MPa or more to the poor solvent.7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the discharging includes causing the poor solvent to flow at a flow rate of from 0.5 to 2.0 m/s.8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the discharging includes circulating the poor solvent.9. The method according to claim 8 , further comprising:removing the good solvent from within the poor solvent that is circulating.10. An apparatus for manufacturing resin particle claim 8 , comprising:a resin solution container containing a resin solution in which a resin free of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) is dissolved in a good solvent of the resin;a solution discharger connected to the resin solution container, the solution ...

Amine-Containing Polymers, Dispersions Thereof and Methods of Making and Using the Same

Described herein is a polymer comprising: interpolymerized units of (i) a fluorinated terminal alkene monomer and (ii) a tertiary amine-containing fluorinated monomer comprising at least one of a vinyl amine, a substituted vinyl amine, an allyl amine, a substituted allyl amine, and combinations thereof, wherein the polymer can be amorphous or semi-crystalline with a melting point no greater than 325° C. Dispersions thereof and methods of making and using the same are also described.

POLYVINYLIDENE FLUORIDE HOLLOW FIBER MEMBRANE OF IN-SITU PORE-FORMING AGENT AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREFOR

The present invention discloses a polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane and a preparation method thereof. The hollow fiber membrane comprises 30%-50% of polyvinylidene fluoride resin, 40%-60% of inorganic molecular solution in-situ pore-forming agent and 5%-20% of organic diluent. The preparation method comprises preparing the inorganic molecular solution in-situ pore-forming agent formed from organic sol, mixing the inorganic molecular solution in-situ pore-forming agent formed from the organic sol with high-molecular polymer resin and the organic diluent to obtain a material A,extruding hollow fibers through a forming mold, stretching on line by 2-3 times to obtain hollow fiber filaments, extracting the hollow fiber filaments with an organic solvent to remove all organic matters, removing inorganic matters dispersed in the hollow fiber filaments by using an acid or alkaline solution to form a porous membrane and cleaning the porous membrane, setting and performing heat treatment to obtain the polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane. 1. A polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane for an in-situ pore-forming agent , comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass:30%-50% of polyvinylidene fluoride resin;40%-60% of inorganic molecular solution in-situ pore-forming agent formed from organic sol calculated by mass of zinc acetate; and5%-20% of organic diluent;the polyvinylidene fluoride resin is a homopolymer of polyvinylidene fluoride or a copolymer of polyvinylidene fluoride;the inorganic molecular solution in-situ pore-forming agent formed from organic sol adopts zinc acetate; organic solvents in the inorganic molecular solution in-situ pore-forming agent formed from organic sol are polyalcohol monoethers, polyalcohol polyethers or mono-alcohol monoethers; andthe inorganic molecular solution in-situ pore-forming agent formed from organic sol is prepared by the following method: dissolving the zinc acetate in an organic solvent of ...

Amine-Containing Polymers, Dispersions Thereof and Methods of Making and Using the Same

Described herein is a polymer comprising: interpolymerized units of (i) a fluorinated terminal alkene monomer and (ii) a tertiary amine-containing fluorinated monomer comprising at least one of a vinyl amine, a substituted vinyl amine, an allyl amine, a substituted allyl amine, and combinations thereof; wherein the polymer can be amorphous or semi-crystalline with a melting point no greater than 325C. Dispersions thereof and methods of making and using the same are also described. 1. An aqueous dispersion comprising a fluorinated polymer comprising:(a) an aqueous continuous phase; and(b) a plurality of fluorinated polymer particles, wherein the fluorinated polymer particle comprises interpolymerized units of (i) a fluorinated terminal alkene monomer and (ii) a tertiary amine-containing fluorinated monomer comprising at least one of a vinyl amine, a substituted vinyl amine, an allyl amine, a substituted allyl amine, and combinations thereof2. The aqueous dispersion of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous dispersion comprises at least 2 wt % and at most 10 wt % of a hydrocarbon surfactant.9. A polymer comprising: interpolymerized units of (i) a fluorinated terminal alkene monomer and (ii) a tertiary amine-containing fluorinated monomer comprising at least one of a vinyl amine claim 1 , a substituted vinyl amine claim 1 , an allyl amine claim 1 , a substituted allyl amine claim 1 , and combinations thereof; wherein the polymer is amorphous or is semi-crystalline with a melting point no greater than 325° C.10. An article comprising the polymer of .11. A coating composition comprising the polymer of .12. A method of coating a substrate comprising: contacting the aqueous dispersion of onto a substrate.13. A method of making a fluoropolymer comprising:polymerizing in an aqueous continuous phase, (i) a fluorinated terminal alkene monomer and (ii) a tertiary amine-containing fluorinated monomer comprising at least one of a vinyl amine, a substituted vinyl amine, an allyl amine, a ...

POSITIVE ELECTRODE FOR LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERY, AND LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERY USING THE SAME

A positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery, including a positive electrode current collector, a conductive layer which is disposed directly or indirectly on the positive electrode current collector, and which includes a conductive particle, a polymer particle, and a fluororesin or a resin including a structural unit derived from a nitrile group-containing monomer, and a positive electrode active material layer disposed directly or indirectly on the conductive layer, as well as a lithium ion secondary battery using the same. 1. A positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery , the positive electrode comprising:a positive electrode current collector;a conductive layer which is disposed directly or indirectly on the positive electrode current collector, and which comprises a conductive particle, a polymer particle, and a fluororesin or a resin comprising a structural unit derived from a nitrile group-containing monomer; anda positive electrode active material layer disposed directly or indirectly on the conductive layer.2. The positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein a thickness of the conductive layer is from 1 μm to 10 μm.3. The positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein a mass ratio of a total of the conductive particle and the polymer particle with respect to the fluororesin or the resin comprising a structural unit derived from a nitrile group-containing monomer (total of the conductive particle and the polymer particle:the resin) included in the conductive layer is from 99.9:0.1 to 95:5.4. The positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein an average particle size of the polymer particle is from 0.05 μm to 5 μm.5. The positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the conductive particle is a carbon particle.6. The positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery ...

SOLID ELECTROLYTE COMPOSITIONS

A solid-state electrolyte includes a lithium salt, a lithium ion-conducting inorganic material, a polymer, and a coupling agent. The coupling agent bonds the lithium ion-conducting inorganic material to the polymer. 1. A solid-state electrolyte comprising:a lithium salt, a lithium ion-conducting inorganic material, a polymer, and a coupling agent, wherein the coupling agent bonds the lithium ion-conducting inorganic material to the polymer.2. The solid-state electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein the polymer has a concentration no less than 2 weight percent and no greater than 15 weight percent relative to a total weight of the solid-state electrolyte claim 1 , and the lithium ion-conducting inorganic material has a concentration no less than 40 weight percent and no greater than 95 weight percent relative to the total weight.3. The solid-state electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein the coupling agent comprises a metal and an organic group.4. The solid-state electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein the coupling agent comprises silicon or titanium.5. The solid-state electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein the coupling agent has a concentration greater than 0 weight percent and no greater than 10 weight percent relative to a total weight of the solid-state electrolyte.6. The solid-state electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein the coupling agent is trifunctional.7. The solid-state electrolyte of claim 6 , wherein the coupling agent has structure R—(CH)—Si—X claim 6 , wherein n is at least 1 claim 6 , R is an organic group claim 6 , and X is a hydrolysable group that reacts with the lithium ion-conducting inorganic material.8. The solid-state electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein the coupling agent comprises 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate.9. The solid-state electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein the lithium salt is selected from the group consisting of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide claim 1 , lithium tetrafluoroborate claim 1 , lithium hexafluorophosphate claim 1 , lithium hexafluoroarsenate ...

NANOCOMPOSITE BLEND MEMBRANE

A nanocomposite blend membrane and fabrication methods for making the nanocomposite membrane are disclosed. The nanocomposite blend membrane can be utilized in fuel cells. The nanocomposite blend membrane may include a blend polymer with a first sulfonated polymer and a second sulfonated polymer, as well as sulfonated tungsten trioxide (WO) nanoparticles. 1. A nanocomposite blend membrane , comprising:a blend polymer including a first sulfonated polymer and a second sulfonated polymer; and{'sub': '3', 'sulfonated tungsten trioxide (WO) nanoparticles.'}2. The nanocomposite blend membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the first sulfonated polymer is selected from the group consisting of sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) claim 1 , sulfonated poly (sulfone) claim 1 , sulfonated poly (ether sulfone) claim 1 , sulfonated poly (arylene ether sulfone) and sulfonated poly (aryl ether ketone).3. The nanocomposite blend membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the second sulfonated polymer is selected from the group consisting of sulfonated Poly (vinylidene fluoride) (SPVDF) and sulfonated poly (vinyl alcohol) (SPVA).4. The nanocomposite blend membrane according to claim 1 , further comprising a sulfonated poly (phthalazinone ether ketone) (SPPEK)/sulfonated Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co- hexafluoropropylene) (SPVDF-co-HFP) membrane claim 1 , where a maximum proton conductivity of the SPPEK/SPVDF-co-HFP membrane at room temperature is approximately 0.071 S cm.5. The nanocomposite blend membrane according to claim 1 , further comprising a sulfonated poly (phthalazinone ether ketone) (SPPEK)/sulfonated Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (SPVDF-co-HFP) membrane claim 1 , where a tensile strength of the SPPEK/SPVDF-co-HFP membrane at room temperature is approximately 52 MPa.6. The nanocomposite blend membrane according to claim 1 , further comprising a sulfonated poly (phthalazinone ether ketone) (SPPEK)/sulfonated Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co- ...

Secondary battery composite electrolyte, secondary battery, and battery pack

The present invention is provided to reduce the influence of expansion and contraction of an active material, form a favorable interface between the solid electrolyte and the active material, and increase ion conductivity in the electrolyte, thereby obtaining a wide operation temperature range. A secondary battery composite electrolyte includes an inorganic compound having an Li ion conductivity at room temperature that is 1×10 −10 S/cm or more and having particle diameter of 0.05 μm or more and less than 8 μm, and an organic electrolyte. The weight ratio between the organic electrolyte and the inorganic compound is 0.1% or more and 20% or less.

METHOD FOR RECOVERING FLUORINE-CONTAINING ETHER

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for recovering a fluorine-containing ether capable of recovering a fluorine-containing ether used for producing a fluoropolymer, in higher recovery yield and in a shorter time. The present invention relates to a method for recovering a fluorine-containing ether, including the steps of: producing a wet fluoropolymer by suspension polymerization, solution polymerization, or bulk polymerization in the presence of at least a specific fluorine-containing ether; vaporizing and discharging vaporizable substances including the fluorine-containing ether by heating the wet fluoropolymer in a container; and transferring the vaporizable substances in the vaporized state to a cooling means to cool the vaporizable substances. 3. The method for recovering a fluorine-containing ether according to claim 1 , further comprising a step of transferring the vaporizable substances liquefied by cooling in the cooling step to a distillation means to distill the vaporizable substances.5. The method for recovering a fluorine-containing ether according to claim 1 ,wherein a fluorine-containing compound having a boiling point lower than the boiling point of the fluorine-containing ether is added to the wet fluoropolymer.6. The method for recovering a fluorine-containing ether according to claim 1 , further comprising a step of transferring the vaporizable substances vaporized in the vaporizing step to a compression means to compress the vaporizable substances.7. The method for recovering a fluorine-containing ether according to claim 6 ,wherein the compression means is a compressor.8. The method for recovering a fluorine-containing ether according to claim 1 ,wherein the cooling means is a condenser. The present invention relates to a method for recovering a fluorine-containing ether. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for recovering a fluorine-containing ether used for producing fluoropolymers.Emulsion ...

Fluorine-containing polymer easily curable and its curable composition

Process for the production of homopolymer of vinylidene fluoride or copolymers thereof in the presence of a fluorine-containing hydrocarbon solvent

Process for homopolymerizing vinylidene fluoride or copolymerizing it with at least one other polymerizable compound such as hexafluoropropylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, vinyl chloride or the like, characterized by the fact that the polymerization reaction is carried out mainly in the liquid phase in a condensed system containing the material to be polymerized and a fluorine-containing hydrocarbon solvent such as trichlorotrifluoroethanes, octafluorocyclobutane or the like, by the irradiation of ionizing radiation.

Novel fluorinated unsaturated compound and polymers obtainable therefrom

A compound of formula CF 2 =CFCF 2 OSF 5 and polymers comprising recurring units deriving from CF 2 =CFCF 2 OSF 5 are disclosed as well as processes for their preparation.

Nanovoided tunable birefringence

A form birefringent optical element includes a structured layer and a dielectric environment disposed over the structured layer. At least one of the structured layer and the dielectric environment includes a nanovoided polymer, the nanovoided polymer having a first refractive index in an unactuated state and a second refractive index different than the first refractive index in an actuated state. Actuation of the nanovoided polymer can be used to reversibly control the form birefringence of the optical element. Various other apparatuses, systems, materials, and methods are also disclosed.

VDF POLYMERIZATION PROCESS

Multimodal fluoropolymers and methods of making the same

A method for forming a fluoropolymer comprises providing a reaction mixture comprising carbon dioxide, at least one fluoromonomer, and an initiator; and reacting the at least one fluoromonomer in the reaction mixture to form a fluoropolymer. The fluoropolymer has a multimodal molecular weight distribution.

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Trifluorchloraethylenpolymeren

Vinylidene fluoride polymer having improved melt flow properties

A high molecular weight vinylidene fluoride polymer resin having improved melt flow properties and further characterized as having a bimodal molecular weight distribution, as measured by gel permeation chromatography, and a specified critical shear stress.

Photovoltaic modules having a polyvinylidene fluoride surface

본 발명은, 태양 광선을 포착하여 사용하는 태양광 모듈에 관한 것으로, 폴리비닐리덴 플루오라이드의 얇은 층으로 피복된 열가소성 수지 구조 부재를 투명 글레이징(glazing)으로서 갖는 태양광 모듈에 관한 것이다. 상기 폴리비닐리덴 플루오라이드 층은 환경에 노출되어, 내약품성 및 오물 탈락성(dirt shedding) 표면을 제공한다. 상기 구조물은 상기 폴리비닐리덴 플루오라이드 층과 상기 열가소성 수지 구조 부재와의 사이에 접착을 보조하기 위한 결착층(tie layer)을 함유할 수 있다. The present invention relates to a solar module for capturing and using sunlight and relates to a solar module having a thermoplastic resin structural member coated with a thin layer of polyvinylidene fluoride as a transparent glazing. The polyvinylidene fluoride layer is exposed to the environment to provide a chemical resistance and dirt shedding surface. The structure may contain a tie layer for assisting adhesion between the polyvinylidene fluoride layer and the thermoplastic resin structural member.

原位成孔剂的聚偏氟乙烯中空纤维膜及其制备方法

原位成孔剂的聚偏氟乙烯中空纤维膜及其制备方法，涉及中空纤维膜。所述聚偏氟乙烯中空纤维膜的原料组成为：聚偏氟乙烯树脂30％～50％；以无机盐类的量计算，有机溶胶形成无机分子溶液原位成孔剂40％～60％；有机稀释剂5％～20％。制备时：制备有机溶胶形成无机分子溶液原位成孔剂；将有机溶胶形成无机分子溶液原位成孔剂与高分子聚合物的树脂和有机稀释剂混合，得物料A，再挤压后经成型模具挤出中空纤维，然后在线拉伸2～3倍，得中空纤维丝；将中空纤维丝经有机溶剂萃取处理除去所有的有机物，再用酸或碱溶液除去分散在中空纤维丝中的无机物，形成多孔膜；将多孔膜清洗后，定型热处理，得到原位成孔剂的聚偏氟乙烯中空纤维膜。

개질된 불소중합체

본 발명은, 저분자량의 중합체성 연쇄이동제로 개질된 불소중합체 및 상기 개질된 불소중합체의 용도에 관한 것이다. 상기 개질된 불소중합체는 불소중합체에 증가된 접착력 및 친수성 특성들과 같은 향상된 성질들을 제공한다. 상기 개질된 관능성 불소중합체는, 전극-형성 구성요소 및 세퍼레이터 구성요소에서 바인더로서, 친수성 막 및 중공 섬유 막을 위해, 베이킹된 장식용 및 보호용 코팅을 위한 수성 주조 코팅 및 용매 주조 코팅으로서, 그리고 불소중합체 층과 비상용성 중합체 층과의 사이에 타이 층으로서 등의 다수의 적용에서 유용하다.

Process for preparing latex polymers from gaseous monomer

Latex polymers are prepd. by conventional free radical initiated emulsion polymn. of gaseous α ,β -ethylenically unsatd. monomers (I), opt. with other non-gaseous comonomers, in the presence of a polymeric surfactant (II) comprising a salt of an acid group-contg. polymer, using a procedure whereby the monomer component is pre- emulsified with (II) in water, and added incrementally to the reaction. Pre-emulsification of monomers results in faster reaction so that (II) may be added to the reactor more quickly without excessive pressure buildup. The resulting latex polymer has improved coating properties.

制备高结晶和热稳定的偏氟乙烯基聚合物的方法

本发明涉及一种聚合至少一种单体的方法，该至少一种单体包括偏氟乙烯单体，所述方法包括将至少一种单体与聚合引发剂和氧化剂接触，所述聚合引发剂具有式(I)：(Ⅱ)(R f SO 2 ‑ ) x M x+ ，其中，R f 是包含1‑3个碳原子的氟烷基，并且M x+ 选自单价阳离子、二价阳离子、三价阳离子或四价阳离子。

Continuous method and apparatus for separating polymer from a high pressure carbon dioxide fluid stream

A method for continuously separating polymer from a high pressure fluid stream comprises subjecting the high pressure fluid stream comprising polymer particles to a filter, wherein the filter segregates the high pressure fluid stream from the polymer particles; subjecting the polymer particles to a rotating device which transports the polymer particles away from the filter, wherein the polymer particles are exposed to thermal conditions sufficient to melt the polymer particles and form a seal surrounding at least a portion of the rotating device; and separating the molten polymer from the rotating device. The method is carried out such that the separation of polymer from the high pressure fluid stream occurs under steady-state.

수성 폴리비닐리덴 플루오라이드 조성물

본 발명은 수성 불소중합체, 바람직하게는 전지 및 전기이중층 커패시터와 같은 비수성 전기화학소자용 전극을 제조하기 위한 조성물인 폴리비닐리덴 플루오라이드(PVDF)에 관한 것이다. 상기 조성물은 수성 PVDF 바인더와, 1종 이상의 분말형 전극-형성 물질을 함유한다. 일 구현예에 의하면, 상기 조성물에는 불소계 계면활성제가 함유되어 있지 않다. 다른 구현예에 의하면, 1종 이상의 휘산성 접착 촉진제가 첨가된다. 본 발명의 조성물로부터 형성되는 전극은 수성 PVDF 바인더를 사용함으로써 달성되는 상호연결성(interconnectivity)과 비가역성을 나타낸다.

Continuous process for making polymers in carbon dioxide

A method for carrying out the continuous polymerization of a monomer in a carbon dioxide reaction medium comprises the steps of: (a) providing an apparatus including a continuous reaction vessel and a separator; (b) carrying out a polymerization reaction in the reaction vessel by combining a monomer and a carbon dioxide reaction medium therein (and preferably by also combining an initiator therein), wherein the reaction medium is a liquid or supercritical fluid, and wherein the reaction produces a solid polymer product in the reaction vessel; then (c) withdrawing a continuous effluent stream from the reaction vessel during the polymerization reaction, wherein the effluent stream is maintained as a liquid or supercritical fluid; then (d) passing the continuous effluent stream through the separator and separating the solid polymer therefrom while maintaining at least a portion of the effluent stream as a liquid or supercritical fluid; and then (e) returning at least a portion of the continuous effluent stream to the reaction vessel while maintaining the effluent stream as a liquid or supercritical fluid. The need for significant recompression of the continuous effluent stream prior to return to the reaction vessel is thereby minimized. Apparatus for carrying out such methods is also disclosed.

Continuous process for making polymers in carbon dioxide

A method for carrying out the continuous polymerization of a monomer in a carbon dioxide reaction medium comprises the steps of: (a) providing an apparatus including a continuous reaction vessel and a separator; (b) carrying out a polymerization reaction in the reaction vessel by combining a monomer and a carbon dioxide reaction medium therein (and preferably by also combining an initiator therein), wherein the reaction medium is a liquid or supercritical fluid, and wherein the reaction produces a solid polymer product in the reaction vessel; then (c) withdrawing a continuous effluent stream from the reaction vessel during the polymerization reaction, wherein the effluent stream is maintained as a liquid or supercritical fluid; then (d) passing the continuous effluent stream through the separator and separating the solid polymer therefrom while maintaining at least a portion of the effluent stream as a liquid or supercritical fluid; and then (e) returning at least a portion of the continuous effluent stream to the reaction vessel while maintaining the effluent stream as a liquid or supercritical fluid. The need for significant recompression of the continuous effluent stream prior to return to the reaction vessel is thereby minimized. Apparatus for carrying out such methods is also disclosed.

Continuous method and apparatus for separating polymer from a high pressure carbon dioxide fluid stream

A method for continuously separating polymer from a high pressure fluid stream comprises subjecting the high pressure fluid stream comprising polymer particles to a filter, wherein the filter segregates the high pressure fluid stream from the polymer particles; subjecting the polymer particles to a rotating device which transports the polymer particles away from the filter, wherein the polymer particles are exposed to thermal conditions sufficient to melt the polymer particles and form a seal surrounding at least a portion of the rotating device; and separating the molten polymer from the rotating device. The method is carried out such that the separation of polymer from the high pressure fluid stream occurs under steady-state.

Device for polymerzation and polymerization process

본 발명의 일 실시예에 따르면, 기체 상태의 단량체를 공급하는 제1 배관; 계면활성제를 공급하며, 상기 제1 배관과 독립적으로 제공되는 제2 배관; 개시제를 공급하며, 상기 제1 배관 및 상기 제2 배관과 독립적으로 제공되는 제3 배관; 상기 제1 배관, 상기 제2 배관, 및 상기 제3 배관과 연결되며 상기 단량체, 상기 계면활성제, 및 상기 개시제가 참여하는 중합 반응이 발생하는 반응 챔버; 및 상기 반응 챔버와 연결되어 상기 중합 반응에 의해 생성된 고분자 화합물을 배출하는 제4 배관을 포함하고, 상기 제1 배관을 통한 상기 단량체 공급, 상기 제2 배관을 통한 상기 계면활성제 공급, 상기 제3 배관을 통한 상기 개시제 공급, 및 상기 제4 배관을 통한 상기 고분자 화합물의 배출이 동시에 연속적으로 수행되고, 미반응된 상기 단량체는 액체-기체 분리에 의하여 상기 고분자 화합물과 분리되어 상기 제1 배관으로 다시 공급되는, 고분자 중합 장치가 제공된다. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a first pipe for supplying the monomer in a gaseous state; a second pipe that supplies a surfactant and is provided independently of the first pipe; a third pipe that supplies an initiator and is provided independently of the first pipe and the second pipe; a reaction chamber connected to the first pipe, the second pipe, and the third pipe and in which a polymerization reaction in which the monomer, the surfactant, and the initiator participate occurs; and a fourth pipe connected to the reaction chamber for discharging the polymer compound generated by the polymerization reaction, wherein the monomer supply through the first pipe, the surfactant supply through the second pipe, and the third pipe The supply of the initiator through a pipe and the discharge of the polymer compound through the fourth pipe are simultaneously and continuously performed, and the unreacted monomer is separated from the polymer compound by liquid-gas separation and returned to the first pipe. A polymer polymerization apparatus is provided.

含胺聚合物、其分散体以及制备和使用它们的方法

本文描述了一种聚合物，所述聚合物包含以下单体的互聚单元：(i)氟化的末端烯烃单体和(ii)含有叔胺的氟化单体，所述氟化单体包括下列中的至少一种：乙烯胺、被取代的乙烯胺、烯丙胺、被取代的烯丙胺、以及它们的组合。其中所述聚合物可为非晶态的或半结晶的，具有不超过325℃的熔点。也描述了其分散体以及制备和使用它们的方法。

Process for polymerisation of 1,1difluoroethylen at high pressure

Continuous process of production of polyvinylidene difluoride homopolymer or copolymer, by polymerization of 1,1-difluoro-ethylene, is new. Continuous process of production of polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) in homopolymer or copolymer form, using optional co-monomer containing active vinyl group substituted with F atom, fluoroalkyl or fluoroalkoxy group, comprises: (a) introducing 1,1-difluoroethylene (VF2), optional co-monomer and radical initiator to reactor kept under pressure 300-3000 bars, and containing essentially VF2, optional co-monomer and PVDF; (b) moving reaction mixture from reactor to separator; (c) continuous recovery and removal of PVDF, in molten state, from the separator; (d) introducing recovered PVDF into granulator; (e) recovering VF2 and optional co-monomer from separator, and recycling to stage (a). Independent claims are also included for (1) deoxidizing of reaction stream comprising at least one fluorinated monomer selected from VF2 and monomers with vinyl group capable to be split and polymerized under the action of free radicals, and with F atom, fluoroalkyl or fluoroalkoxy group directly attached to such vinyl group, by reacting the stream with i) sufficient quantity of catalyst containing elements of 8-11 groups of Periodic System as active centers, and ii) for the time sufficient to obtain required oxygen content; (2) reaction stream as described above, containing less than 5 ppm of oxygen; (3) PVDF copolymers comprising 0-50% of optional comonomers with fluidity (measured at 230 degrees C, under load 5 kg, according to ASTM D-1238) above 50-400 g/10 minutes; (4) PVDF homopolymers with defect ratios measured by F RMN above 6% and above 7%; (5) PVDF homopolymers with elasticity modulus (measured at 23 degrees C, according to ASTM D-1708) 650-1020 MPa; and (6) PVDF with Mw/Mn ratio 1.5-1.9.

Vdf중합방법

개시된 내용은 VDF 중합방법에 관한 것이다. 하나 이상의 플루오르 함유 코모노머의 적은 양으로 선택적으로 변형되는 VDF의 중합방법은, 400과 3000사이로 구성된 평균분자량수를 가지며, 중성 말단 그룹을 가지는 (퍼)플루오르폴리에테르를 구성하는 미세이멀션의 존재에서 수행되며, 그리고 계면활성제는 염화된 산 말단 그룹(salified acid end groups)을 가진 퍼플루오르폴리에테르에 기초하며, 상기의 계면활성제는 400에서 600사이로 구성된 분자량수 Mn을 가지며, 그리고 평균 분자량 수가 700보다 더 큰 것을 가지는 분획이 존재하지 않거나 또는 5중량％보다 적은 양으로 존재하는 분자량의 분포를 가진다.

Водная композиция поливинилиденфторида

1. Водная композиция, содержащая:a) от 0,2 до 150 частей фторполимерных частиц со средневесовым размером частиц менее чем 500 нм;b) от 10 до 500 частей одного или нескольких порошкообразных электродобразующих материалов;c) необязательно от 0 до 10 частей одного или нескольких загустителей;d) необязательно одно или несколько средств, регулирующих рН;e) необязательно от 0 до 10 частей одной или нескольких добавок, выбранных из группы, включающей противоосаждающие средства и поверхностно-активные вещества;f) необязательно от 0 до 5 частей одного или нескольких смачивающих средств;g) необязательно от 0 до 150 частей одного или нескольких фугитивных промоторов адгезии;h) 100 частей воды;все части представляют собой части по массе на основе 100 частей по массе воды, и где композиция не содержит фторсодержащее поверхностно-активное вещество.2. Водная композиция по п.1, содержащая:a) 1-50 частей фторполимерных частиц со средневесовым размером частиц менее чем 400 нм;b) от 20 до 400 частей одного или нескольких порошкообразных электродных материалов;c) необязательно от 0 до 5 частей одного или нескольких загустителей;d) необязательно одно или несколько средств, регулирующих рН;e) от 0,1 до 5 частей одной или нескольких добавок, выбранных из группы, включающей противоосаждающие средства и поверхностно-активные вещества;f) необязательно от 0 до 3 частей одного или нескольких смачивающих средств;g) от 1 до 50 частей одного или нескольких фугитивных промоторов адгезии;h) 100 частей воды;все части представляют собой части по массе на основе 100 частей по массе воды, и где композиция не содержит фторсодержащее поверхностно-активное вещество.3. Водная композиция по п.1 РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (51) МПК H01M 4/06 (13) 2011 154 157 A (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2011154157/07, 27.05.2010 (71) Заявитель(и): АРКЕМА ИНК. (US) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 29.05.2009 US 61/182,364 (85) ...

使用了非氟化表面活性剂的偏氟乙烯系聚合物组合物及其制造方法

本发明提供一种偏氟乙烯系聚合物组合物以及偏氟乙烯系聚合物的制造方法，该偏氟乙烯系聚合物组合物在使用时不易产生起泡，因此操作性良好，并且不含氟化表面活性剂，该偏氟乙烯系聚合物的制造方法能保持良好的聚合稳定性，并且不使用氟化表面活性剂，以高产率得到偏氟乙烯系聚合物。本发明的偏氟乙烯系聚合物组合物含有偏氟乙烯系聚合物和特定的表面活性剂，不含氟化表面活性剂，相对于组合物中的固体成分，表面活性剂的含量以质量基准计为10ppm以上且低于100ppm，HLB值为10以上。本发明的偏氟乙烯系聚合物的制造方法包括：在水系的介质中，在特定的乳化剂和引发剂的存在下将特定的单体乳液聚合，不使用氟化表面活性剂，相对于单体，乳化剂的使用量以质量基准计为8.5ppm以上且低于100ppm。

Branched fluoropolymers

The invention relates to the preparation of branched fluoropolymers having long chain branches and little or no gels, by a process involving polymerization at high temperatures using persulfates and optionally multifunctional initiators. The invention also relates to gel-free, branched polymers with strain hardening produced by the process.

Method for making telechelic fluoride-based polymers

The invention relates to a method of polymerizing at least one fluorinated monomer comprising an ethylene bond, the method comprising putting in contact the at least one fluorinated monomer with a polymerization initiator and a chain transfer agent, the chain transfer agent being a polysulfide compound, preferably a disulfide compound. The invention also relates to a telechelic fluoride-based polymer obtained with said method.

Vinylidene fluoride resin fiber and sheet-like structure

Patent JPH0466882B2

3-d printed fluoropolymer structures

The invention relates to fluoropolymer filament for use in 3-D printing, and 3-D printed fluoropolymer articles having low warpage, excellent chemical resistance, excellent water resistance, flame resistance, and good mechanical integrity. Additionally, the articles of the invention have good shelf life without the need for special packaging. In particular, the invention relates to filament, 3-D printed polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) articles, and in particular material extrusion 3-D printing. The articles may be formed from PVDF homopolymers, copolymers, such as KYNAR® resins from Arkema, as well as polymer blends with appropriately defined low shear melt viscosity. The PVDF may optionally be a filled PVDF formulation. The physical properties of the 3-D printed articles can be maximized and warpage minimized by optimizing processing parameters.

3-D printed fluoropolymer structures

The invention relates to fluoropolymer filament for use in 3-D printing, and 3-D printed fluoropolymer articles having low warpage, excellent chemical resistance, excellent water resistance, flame resistance, and good mechanical integrity. Additionally, the articles of the invention have good shelf life without the need for special packaging. In particular, the invention relates to filament, 3-D printed polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) articles, and in particular material extrusion 3-D printing. The articles may be formed from PVDF homopolymers, copolymers, such as KYNAR® resins from Arkema, as well as polymer blends with appropriately defined low shear melt viscosity. The PVDF may optionally be a filled PVDF formulation. The physical properties of the 3-D printed articles can be maximized and warpage minimized by optimizing processing parameters.

Blend of fluorine-containing elastomers

수평균 분자량 Mn(액체 크로마토그래프법, 전개용매 테트라히드로푸란, 폴리머 농도 0.5중량%, 측정온도 35℃)이 각각 3,000,000 이상의 고분자량 함불소 엘라스토머 5∼60중량%, 100,000∼1,000,000의 중분자량 함불소 엘라스토머 20∼80중량% 및 7,000∼13,000의 저분자량 함불소 엘라스토머 10∼50중량%를 포함하는 함불소 엘라스토머 블렌드물. 이 함불소 엘라스토머 블렌드물은 롤 가공성을 개선시키면서, 저경도화 및 저모듈러스화를 달성시킨다. 5 to 60% by weight of a fluorine-containing elastomer having a number average molecular weight Mn (liquid chromatographic method, developing solvent tetrahydrofuran, polymer concentration of 0.5% by weight, and a measurement temperature of 35 ° C) of 3,000,000 or more and a molecular weight of 100,000 to 1,000,000, 20 to 80% by weight of an elastomer and 10 to 50% by weight of a fluorine-containing elastomer having a low molecular weight of 7,000 to 13,000. The fluoroelastomer blend water achieves low hardening and low modulus, while improving rollability.

3D printed fluoropolymer structures

本发明涉及用于3D打印的含氟聚合物丝料以及3D打印出来的含氟聚合物制品，所述制品具有低翘曲、优异的化学耐受性、优异的耐水性、阻燃性和良好的机械整体性。此外，本发明的制品无需特殊包装即具有良好的储存寿命。具体而言，本发明涉及丝料、3D打印的聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)制品，尤其涉及材料挤出3D打印。所述制品可由具有适当限定的低剪切熔体粘度的PVDF均聚物、共聚物和聚合物掺混物形成，所述共聚物如来自阿科玛的 树脂。PVDF可任选地为含填料的PVDF配制物。通过优化加工参数，3D打印的制品的物理性能可最大化，翘曲可最小化。

Fluorinated polymers, resin films and optoelectronic devices

증착에 적합하고, 바람직하게 금속 패터닝이 가능한 함불소 중합체를 제공한다. 또, 이와 같은 함불소 중합체를 재료로서 포함하는 수지막을 제공한다. 또, 이와 같은 수지막을 구조로 갖는 광전자 소자를 제공한다. 하기 (1) ∼ (3) 을 만족하는 함불소 중합체. (1) 융점이 200 ℃ 미만, 또는 융점이 관측되지 않는다. (2) 1 × 10 -3 Pa 의 압력하에 있어서 승온 속도 2 ℃/분으로 승온시켰을 때의 열중량 감소율이, 400 ℃ 이하에서 실질적으로 100 ％ 에 도달한다. (3) 1 × 10 -3 Pa 의 압력하에 있어서 승온 속도 2 ℃/분으로 승온시켰을 때, 열중량 감소율이 10 ％ 가 되는 온도로부터 90 ％ 가 되는 온도까지의 온도폭이 200 ℃ 이내이다.