ПОЛИМЕР-АЛЬДЕГИДНАЯ СВЯЗУЮЩАЯ СИСТЕМА ДЛЯ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ ИЗДЕЛИЙ ИЗ ДЕРЕВА

Изобретение относится к отверждаемой водной композиции для связывания лигноцеллюлозного материала. Композиция содержит полимер, содержащий гидроксильные группы, полифункциональный сшивающий агент и, необязательно, катализатор. Полимер, содержащий гидроксильные группы, представляет собой поливиниловый спирт или смесь крахмала и поливинилового спирта. Поливиниловый спирт является гидролизованным. Полифункциональный сшивающий агент является защищенным гликосалем и присутствует в концентрации по меньшей мере 25 мас.%. Катализатор выбирают из группы, состоящей из хлорида аммония, сульфата аммония, фосфорной кислоты, п-толуольной кислоты и их смесей. Композицию используют в качестве связующего вещества для получения композиционного продукта. Композиционный продукт получают нанесением на лигноцеллюлозный материал отверждаемой водной композиции и отверждением ее. Лигноуглеводный материал представляет собой фанеру, волокнистую древесностружечную плиту, древесноволокнистую плиту средней плотности ...

ОТВЕРЖДАЕМАЯ ВОДНАЯ КОМПОЗИЦИЯ НА ОСНОВЕ ПОЛИВИНИЛОВОГО СПИРТА, НЕ СОДЕРЖАЩАЯ ФОРМАЛЬДЕГИД

Изобретение относится к термореактивным самосшивающимся бесформальдегидным смолам. Не содержащая формальдегида отверждаемая водная композиция содержит поливиниловый спирт в комбинации с крахмалом или модифицированном крахмалом или сахаром, многофункциональный сшивающий агент и, необязательно, катализатор. Сшивающий агент представляет собой неполимерный полиальдегид, неполимерную поликислоту, ее соль, ангидрид. Нетканые изделия получают посредством приведения композиции в контакт с волокнистыми компонентами. Далее смесь отверждают с получением жесткого термореактивного полимера. Композиция обеспечивает превосходную прочность и водостойкость отвержденному нетканому изделию. 4 н. и 18 з.п. ф-лы, 4 табл.

ВОДНАЯ СУСПЕНЗИЯ С ВЫСОКИМ СОДЕРЖАНИЕМ ТВЕРДЫХ ЧАСТИЦ НЕОРГАНИЧЕСКОГО ВЕЩЕСТВА, И/ИЛИ НАПОЛНИТЕЛЯ, И/ИЛИ ПИГМЕНТА В СРЕДЕ С КИСЛЫМ ЗНАЧЕНИЕМ pН

Изобретение может быть использовано в химической промышленности, при изготовлении бумаги, мелового покрытия бумаги, в производстве пластических материалов, в сельском хозяйстве и/или в производстве красок. Водная суспензия с высоким содержанием твердых частиц неорганического вещества, и/или наполнителя, и/или пигмента в среде с кислым значением рН включает по меньшей мере одно содержащее карбонат кальция вещество, включающее частицы карбоната кальция, и по меньшей мере одну соль по меньшей мере одной сильной кислоты. Сильная кислота выбрана из группы, состоящей из кислот, которые имеют значение pKменьше или равно нулю при +23°С. Полученная суспензия имеет содержание твердых веществ по меньшей мере 50 мас.% от общей массы суспензии. Вязкость по Брукфильду суспензии при 100 об/мин ≤1000 мПа·с при температуре -5°С, рН <6 при +23°С и электрическая проводимость между 10 и 100 мСм/см при -5°C и при +23°С. Изобретение позволяет получить суспензию с высоким содержанием твердых частиц, которая сохраняет ...

СПОСОБНАЯ К ОТВЕРЖДЕНИЮ СМЕСЬ

Настоящее изобретение касается способной к отверждению смеси, пригодной для получения у затвердевшей смеси свойства «легкости для уборки», содержащей по меньшей мере один минеральный связующий агент, порошок, включающий в себя по меньшей мере одно соединение кремния с фторорганическими заместителями, которое инкапсулировано внутри водорастворимого полимера, причем количество соединения кремния с фторорганическим заместителем составляет от 0,001 до 8 мас.% от имеющейся смеси и при необходимости прочие добавки, а также способа ее изготовления и ее применения. Кроме того, изобретение касается редиспергируемого в воде порошка, а также соответствующего промежуточного продукта для применения в способной к отверждению смеси для получения в затвердевшей смеси свойства «легкости для уборки». Кроме того, испрашивается защита для способа изготовления порошка и его применения. 10 н. и 13 з.п. ф-лы, 5 табл.

Полимерный композиционный материал, используемый для формирования сигнала о локальных перегревах электрооборудования

Изобретение относится к средствам контроля за предпожарными ситуациями, возникающими в результате локальных перегревов электрооборудования, и предназначено для предупреждения пожаров, возникающих в результате подобных неисправностей, в частности неисправностей в электрических розетках. Описан полимерный композиционный материал, заполненный одорантом, которым являются диоксид серы, низшие меркаптаны, диалкилсульфиды, диалкилдисульфиды или их смеси, имеющий температуру взрывного разрушения в диапазоне 80-200°C, применяемый для формирования сигнала о локальных перегревах электрооборудования, причем полимерный композиционный материал, заполненный одорантом, представляет собой: материал, содержащий микрокапсулы с ядром из одоранта, окруженного оболочкой из полимерного материала, распределенные в полимерном связующем; или материал, содержащий частицы сшитого полимера, набухшие в растворе одоранта, заключенные в полимерной матрице; или материал, содержащий частицы сорбента, с сорбированным на ...

ТЕРМОПЛАСТИЧНОЕ ИЗДЕЛИЕ С ТЕРМОАКТИВНЫМ СРЕДСТВОМ

Изобретение относится к экструдированному водорастворимому термопластичному изделию, в которое было введено активное средство, а также к способу его получения. Экструдированное водорастворимое изделие включает в себя водорастворимый полимер, имеющий температуру экструзии 90-150°C, пластификатор, а также одно или более термоактивных средств, которые способны либо стимулировать чувствительные рецепторы человека, либо изменять температуру кожи при контакте с ней, в общем количестве от 0,1 до 50% по весу изделия. Комбинирование активного средства(средств) c пластификатором перед смешиванием в расплаве с водорастворимым полимером предотвращает разделение фаз активного средства и полимера. Изделия включают пленки, волокна, стержни, бруски и подобное. Такие изделия можно поместить во впитывающее изделие, такое как бандаж, медицинская простыня, салфетка, лист, подгузник, трусы или прокладка. 3 н. и 16 з.п. ф-лы, 3 ил.

КОМПОЗИЦИИ ЭЛАСТИЧНОГО ГАЗОНЕПРОНИЦАЕМОГО ПОКРЫТИЯ

Изобретение относится к композиции эластичного газонепроницаемого покрытия. Композиция эластичного барьерного покрытия включает барьерный материал, диспергированный в водной среде, полисульфид и отверждающий агент, вступающий в реакцию с полисульфидом. При нанесении на подложку и отверждении образуется барьерный материал. Изобретение позволяет получить улучшенные газонепроницаемые барьерные покрытия, обеспечить их эластичность при низких температурах. 3 н. и 15 з.п. ф-лы, 2 ил., 3 табл.

ВОДОРАСТВОРИМАЯ ПЛЕНКА ИЗ ПОЛИВИНИЛСПИРТОВОЙ СМЕСИ, РОДСТВЕННЫЕ СПОСОБЫ И РОДСТВЕННЫЕ ИЗДЕЛИЯ

Изобретение относится к водорастворимым пленкам, которые могут быть использованы для приведения в контакт с жидкостями, твердыми веществами или их комбинациями и к изделиям, содержащим данную пленку. Пленка содержит: смесь поливинилспиртовой (PVOH) смолы, которая включает первый сополимер PVOH, содержащий первое анионное мономерное звено, при этом первый сополимер PVOH имеет первый коэффициент включения (a) первого анионного мономерного звена; и второй сополимер PVOH, содержащий второе анионное мономерное звено. Причем второй сополимер PVOH имеет второй коэффициент включения (a) второго анионного мономерного звена, при этом разность a- aсоставляет от 0,5 до 10 мол.% и первое анионное мономерное звено и второе анионное мономерное звено являются одинаковыми или различными. Технический результат заключается в получении водорастворимой пленки с улучшенной растворимостью в воде, а также улучшенными свойствами прочности на растяжение и/или модуля при растяжении. 4 н. и 40 з.п. ф-лы, 3 ил., 17 ...

ДЫМОПРОНИЦАЕМАЯ ОБОЛОЧКА ДЛЯ ПИЩЕВЫХ ПРОДУКТОВ НА ОСНОВЕ ПОЛИАМИДА И ВОДОРАСТВОРИМЫХ ПОЛИМЕРОВ

Изобретение относится к дымопроницаемой, влагостойкой, рукавной, двухосно-ориентированной оболочке для пищевых продуктов, к способу ее получения и к применению такой оболочки. Оболочку получают из термопластичной смеси, которая представляет собой, по меньшей мере, один алифатический (со)полиамид и, по меньшей мере, один водорастворимый синтетический органический полимер. Способ получения оболочки заключается в том, что смесь, содержащую, по меньшей мере, один алифатический (со)полиамид и, по меньшей мере, один вышеуказанный полимер, термопластифицируют и экструдируют через кольцевую форсунку в первичный рукав. Далее первичный рукав охлаждают. Затем нагревают до температуры, требуемой для вытягивания и двуосно вытягивают рукав с получением оболочки. Оболочку применяют в качестве синтетической колбасной оболочки, предпочтительно в качестве оболочки, пригодной для копчения вареных колбасных изделий. Изобретение позволяет получить дымопроницаемую оболочку, которая характеризуется проницаемостью ...

МНОГОСЛОЙНЫЙ УПАКОВОЧНЫЙ МАТЕРИАЛ, СПОСОБ ЕГО ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ, УПАКОВОЧНЫЙ КОНТЕЙНЕР ИЗ УПАКОВОЧНОГО МАТЕРИАЛА

Задачей изобретения является создание многослойного упаковочного материала, предназначенного для упаковки и транспортировки жидких пищевых продуктов. Техническим результатом является дополнительная оптимизация барьерных свойств данного материала для защиты от проникновения газов и повышенная устойчивость к жидкости слоя, сформированного из ожиженной композиции, содержащей дисперсию или раствор полимера, крахмала или производного крахмала, и расположенный с одной стороны среднего слоя, причем барьерный слой включает также частицы аморфного SiO2. Согласно изобретению упомянутые частицы аморфного SiO2 присутствуют в упомянутом барьерном слое в виде частиц с размерами, пригодными для образования коллоидного раствора, в количестве, превышающем 40 мас.%, но меньшем 80 мас.%. Изобретение также относится к упаковочному контейнеру, изготавливаемому из упаковочного материала, а также к способу изготовления упаковочного материала. 3 н. и 22 з.п. ф-лы, 2 ил., 5 табл.

ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ПОЛИКОНДЕНСАТА ЦИКЛОДЕКСТРИНА ИЛИ СОДЕРЖАЩЕЙ ПОЛИКОНДЕНСАТ КОМПОЗИЦИИ В КАЧЕСТВЕ ПОГЛОТИТЕЛЯ

Настоящее изобретение относится к применению поликонденсата циклодекстрина(ов) или композиции, содержащей по меньшей мере один поликонденсат циклодекстрина(ов), в качестве поглотителя по меньшей мере одного вещества, выбранного из элемента-металла и органической молекулы, выбранной из диурона, карбамазепина, полихлорированных бифенилов, фталатов и бензопирена, причем поликонденсат циклодекстрина получают посредством реакции следующих соединений (A)-(C): (A) по меньшей мере один циклодекстрин, (B) по меньшей мере одна линейная, разветвленная или циклическая поликарбоновая кислота, которая является насыщенной, ненасыщенной или ароматической, и (C) по меньшей мере один сополимер этилена и винилового спирта (EVOH). 2 н. и 11 з.п. ф-лы, 3 пр., 6 табл., 2 ил.

ПОЛИМЕРНЫЙ МАТЕРИАЛ

Изобретение относится к способу получения полимерного материала, к полимерному материалу и его применению для изготовления фасонных химически или биологически стойких материалов или изделий, предпочтительно целостных изделий, а также к способу формования таких материалов или изделий и полученным таким способом материалам или изделиям. Полимерный материал получают смешением посредством экструзии первого компонента и второго компонента при полном или практическом отсутствии воды. Первый компонент представляет собой один или несколько гидрофильных полимеров, выбранных из группы, в которую входят поливиниловые спирты, этиленвиниловые спирты, полигидроксиэтилметакрилаты, полиоксиды этилена, блок-полимеры алкоксиамидов, воздухопроницаемые термопластичные эластомеры и полиуретаны. Второй компонент представляет собой полиэтиленимин. Полученный полимерный материал одновременно обладает как воздухопроницаемостью, так и нейтрализующими свойствами, требуемыми для химически стойкого материала, например ...

КОМПОЗИЦИЯ ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ БИОРАЗЛАГАЕМОГО ПОЛИМЕРНОГО МАТЕРИАЛА И БИОРАЗЛАГАЕМЫЙ ПОЛИМЕРНЫЙ МАТЕРИАЛ НА ЕЕ ОСНОВЕ

Настоящее изобретение относится к группе изобретений: композиция для получения биоразлагаемого полимерного пленочного материала и биоразлагаемый полимерный пленочный материал. Данная композиция содержит компоненты в соотношении, мас.%: крахмал – 0,8-1,2, поливиниловый спирт – 1,1-2,5, глицерин – 3,5-5,5, кислота – 0,2-0,5, этиловый спирт – 0-8,4, сок аронии черноплодной или клюквы – 0-1, вода – остальное. Кислота выбрана из адипиновой, лимонной, фосфорной, щавелевой, янтарной кислоты. Биоразлагаемый полимерный пленочный материал на основе данной композиции содержит в соотношении, мас. %: крахмал - 10,22–14,40, поливиниловый спирт - 17,22–26,05, глицерин - 47,23–56,23, кислота - 2,30–5,48, сок аронии черноплодной или клюквы - 0–9,84 и вода – остальное. Технический результат – повышение прочности получаемой пленки (увеличение разрывного напряжения); сокращение времени биодеструкции материала в почве; снижение степени сорбции паров воды. 2 н.п. ф-лы, 1 ил., 1 табл., 9 пр.

ПОЛИМЕРНАЯ КОМПОЗИЦИЯ ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ КРИОГЕЛЕЙ ПОЛИВИНИЛОВОГО СПИРТА И СПОСОБ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ИХ ЖЕСТКОСТИ И ТЕПЛОСТОЙКОСТИ

Изобретение относится к химии и технологии высокомолекулярных соединений, а именно к полимерным криогелям и их получению с целью использования формируемых материалов в медицине, косметологии и технике. Полимерная композиция для получения криогеля поливинилового спирта включает поливиниловый спирт, диметилсульфоксид (ДМСО) и низкомолекулярную добавку, в качестве которой используют растворимые в ДМСО хаотропные вещества или их смеси. Способ повышения жесткости и теплостойкости криогелей ПВС включает приготовление ДМСО-раствора полимера и низкомолекулярной добавки, 1-5- кратную криогенную обработку полученного раствора его замораживанием при температуре от -10 до -40ºС в течение 6-48 часов с последующим оттаиванием и, в случае необходимости, промывку водой для удаления водорастворимых веществ. Изобретение обеспечивает повышения жесткости и теплостойкости криогелей ПВС при их формировании в среде ДМСО с добавками хаотропного вещества. 2 н.п. ф-лы, 2 ил., 1 табл., 10 пр.

БИОРАЗЛАГАЕМАЯ ПЛЁНКА НА ОСНОВЕ КРАХМАЛА ДЛЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ТОВАРОВ, ТАКИХ КАК БАХИЛЫ, ЧЕХЛЫ, ШАПОЧКИ, ПАКЕТЫ И УПАКОВОЧНЫЙ МАТЕРИАЛ

Изобретение относится к области органических высокомолекулярных изделий, в частности к биоразлагаемой плёнке, и может быть использовано в качестве производственного и/или упаковочного материала. Биоразлагаемая плёнка содержит картофельный крахмал, поливиниловый спирт PVA 26-99, карбонат кальция при следующем содержание компонентов, мас.%: картофельный крахмал 55-59,1, поливиниловый спирт PVA 26-99 40-44, карбонат кальция 0,85-0,9. Также изобретение относится к бахилам, выполненным из биоразлагаемой плёнки, содержащим смонтированную текстильную резинку. Технический результат изобретения заключается в снижении шума при использовании плёнки, уменьшении времени разложения плёнки, повышении прочностных качеств плёнки, повышении амортизирующих свойств для защиты упакованного объекта и практически полном снижении влагопроницаемости. 2 н. и 2 з.п. ф-лы, 1 табл., 3 пр.

СМЕСИ, СОДЕРЖАЩИЕ КРЕМНИЙОРГАНИЧЕСКИЕ СОЕДИНЕНИЯ, И ИХ ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ

... 1. Применение, по меньшей мере, одной диспергируемой, редиспергируемой или растворимой в воде смеси, на основе ! (i) по меньшей мере, одного водорастворимого полимера и ! (ii) по меньшей мере, одного кремнийорганического соединения, для защиты субстратов от коррозии, причем кремнийорганическое соединение выбирают из группы органофункциональных силанов, полисиланов, сложных эфиров силанов, силоксанов, силиконов и/или эфиров кремниевой кислоты. ! 2. Применение по п.1, причем кремнийорганическое соединение выбирают из группы органофункциональных силанов, органофункциональных силоксанов, включая олигомерные эфиры кремниевой кислоты, полисиланов и силиконов. ! 3. Применение по п.1, причем субстратами являются металл, а также природные и/или изготовленные минеральные строительные материалы, причем металл предпочтительно находится в среде минеральных строительных материалов, а строительные материалы предпочтительно представляют собой строительный камень, элементы конструкций, раствор и/или бетон ...

ТЕРМОПЛАСТИЧНАЯ СМЕСЬ

... 1. Композиция, включающая смесь сополимера стирола/хлорметилированного стирола/изобутилена с термопластичной смолой, выбранной из группы, включающей полиамиды, сложные полиэфиры, поликарбонаты, полисульфоны, полиацетали, продукты полимеризации ацетона, акрилонитрил-бутадиен-стирольные смолы, полифениленоксид, полифениленсульфид, стирол-акрилонитрильные смолы, сополимеры стирола/малеинового ангидрида, полиимиды, продукты полимеризации ароматических кетонов, сополимер этилена/винилового спирта и их смеси. 2. Композиция по п.1, которая представляет собой невулканизованную композицию. 3. Композиция по п.1, которая представляет собой вулканизованную композицию. 4. Композиция по п.3, которая представляет собой динамически вулканизованную композицию. 5. Композиция по п.3, в которой сополимер стирола/хлорметилированного стирола/изобутилена вулканизуют по меньшей мере частично. 6. Композиция по п.3, в которой сополимер стирола/хлорметилированного стирола/изобутилена вулканизуют по меньшей мере на ...

ВОДОРАСТВОРИМАЯ ПЛЕНКА С УЛУЧШЕННЫМИ РАСТВОРИМОСТЬЮ И МЕХАНИЧЕСКИМИ СВОЙСТВАМИ И ИЗГОТОВЛЕННЫЕ ИЗ НЕЕ ПАКЕТИКИ

... 1. Мешочек, содержащий первое герметично скрепленное отделение, содержащее первый состав, при этом первое герметично скрепленное отделение содержит, по меньшей мере, одну стенку, содержащую водорастворимую пленку любой приемлемой толщины, причем водорастворимая пленка содержит:по меньшей мере, 50 мас.% водорастворимой смолы поливинилового спирта (ПВС), при этом ПВС смола имеет среднюю вязкость от приблизительно 13,5 до приблизительно 20 сП и степень гидролиза от приблизительно 84 до приблизительно 92%; и при этомпленка содержит не более чем 30 мас.% ПВС полимера, имеющего среднюю вязкость менее, чем приблизительно 11 сП; ипленка дополнительно характеризуется индексом растворимости от приблизительно 620 до приблизительно 920 и индексом напряжения от приблизительно 145 до приблизительно 626, когда пленка имеет толщину приблизительно 76 мкм,при этом пленка является термоформуемой.2. Мешочек по п.1, в котором ПВС смола содержит первый ПВС - полимер, имеющий вязкость от приблизительно 8 до приблизительно ...

ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ СОСТАВА НА ОСНОВЕ ПОЛИВИНИЛОВОГО СПИРТА

... 1. Применение состава, включающего поливиниловый спирт или одно из его производных в качестве компоненты а) и сульфонированный продукт кетон-формальдегидной конденсации в качестве компоненты b), как удерживающего воду средства в смесях, содержащих гидравлическое цементирующее средство. ! 2. Применение по п.1, отличающееся тем, что в качестве компоненты поливинилового спирта а) состав содержит полимеры, которые за счет гидролиза могут быть переведены в поливиниловый спирт, и предпочтительно сложный поливиниловый эфир и особенно предпочтительно поливинилацетат, в долях до 90 мас.%, и предпочтительно в долях между 5 и 20 мас.%. ! 3. Применение по п.1, отличающееся тем, что используемый компонент а) имеет мольную массу Mn более 5000 г/моль и предпочтительно более 50000 г/моль. ! 4. Применение по п.1, отличающееся тем, что используемый состав в качестве компоненты b) содержит сульфонированный продукт ацетон-формальдегидной конденсации, который предпочтительно привит на сополимер. ! 5. Применение ...

ПРОНИЦАЕМАЯ ДЛЯ КОПТИЛЬНОГО ДЫМА И ПАРОВ ВОДЫ ОБОЛОЧКА ДЛЯ ПИЩЕВЫХ ПРОДУКТОВ ИЗ ТЕРМОПЛАСТИЧНОЙ СМЕСИ С НАТУРАЛЬНЫМ ВНЕШНИМ ВИДОМ

Изобретение относится к одно- или многослойной оболочке для пищевых продуктов из термопластичной смеси, содержащей, по меньшей мере, один алифатический полиамид и/или сополиамид, по меньшей мере, один или несколько синтетических водорастворимых полимеров и, по меньшей мере, один органический и/или неорганический наполнитель, которым является углевод, органическое синтетическое волокно или органический синтетический порошок со средней длиной волокон, соответственно средним размером зерна 5-3000 мкм. При этом оболочка обладает проницаемостью для паров воды, определяемой согласно DIN 53122, в невытянутом, моноаксиально или биаксиально вытянутом состоянии 50-1500 г/м2 в сутки. Оболочка согласно изобретению имеет натуральный внешний вид, приятна на ощупь, водостойка без дополнительной сшивки и обладает высокой проницаемостью для коптильного дыма и паров воды. Оболочка для пищевых продуктов в особенности предусматривается для применения в качестве искусственной колбасной оболочки, особенно для ...

ВОДОРАСТВОРИМАЯ ПЛЕНКА ИЗ ПОЛИВИНИЛОВОГО СПИРТА СО СМЕСЬЮ ПЛАСТИФИКАТОРОВ, РОДСТВЕННЫЕ СПОСОБЫ И РОДСТВЕННЫЕ ИЗДЕЛИЯ

ДИНАМИЧЕСКИ ВУЛКАНИЗИРОВАННАЯ ТЕРМОПЛАСТИЧНАЯ ЭЛАСТОМЕРНАЯ ПЛЕНКА

... 1. Способ получения термопластичного эластомерного материала, подходящего для применения в качестве воздухонепроницаемого слоя, причем термопластичный эластомер включает эластомер и термопластичную смолу, эластомер и термопластичная смола присутствуют при массовом отношении в диапазоне от 55:45 до 80:20, причем эластомер является производным C-Cизоолефиновых мономеров, а термопластичную смолу выбирают из группы, включающей полиамидные смолы, полиэфирные смолы, полинитрильные смолы, полиметакрилатные смолы, поливиниловые смолы, целлюлозные смолы, фторсодержащие смолы, полиимидные смолы, полисульфоны, полиацетали, полиацетоны, стиролмалеиновые ангидриды, ароматические поликетоны и смеси перечисленного, указанный способ включает следующие стадии:а) введение сверхкритической текучей среды в термопластичный эластомерный материал во время смешивания данного материала в экструдере; иб) смешивание материала при таких условиях, что термопластичный эластомерный материал подвергается динамической ...

СОСТАВ И СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ФИЛЬТРУЮЩЕГО ЭЛЕМЕНТА НА ОСНОВЕ ПОРИСТОГО ПОЛИВИНИЛФОРМАЛЯ

СВЯЗУЮЩЕЕ ДЛЯ МАТА ИЗ ВОЛОКОН, В ЧАСТНОСТИ СТЕКЛОВОЛОКОН, И ПОЛУЧЕННЫЕ ПРОДУКТЫ

... 1. Связующее для волокон, в частности минеральных волокон, в частности из стекла или породы, отличающееся тем, что оно содержит:- по меньшей мере один моносахарид и/или по меньшей мере один полисахарид;- по меньшей мере одну органическую поликарбоновую кислоту с молекулярной массой 1000 или менее и- по меньшей мере один гомополимер или сополимер винилацетата.2. Связующее по п.1, отличающееся тем, что моносахарид выбран из моносахаридов, содержащих от 3 до 8 атомов углерода, предпочтительно от 5 до 1.3. Связующее по п.2, отличающееся тем, что моносахарид является гексозой, такой как глюкоза, манноза или галактоза.4. Связующее по п.1, отличающееся тем, что более 50% полисахарида состоит из глюкозных звеньев.5. Связующее по п.4, отличающееся тем, что полисахарид содержит декстрины и крахмалы, в частности крахмалы с молекулярной массой по меньшей мере 10г/моль и, возможно, до 10г/моль.6. Связующее по одному из пп.1-5, отличающееся тем, что оно содержит смесь моносахарида(ов) и/или полисахарида ...

ПОЛИМЕРЫ, НЕПРОНИЦАЕМЫЕ ДЛЯ РЕНТГЕНОВСКОГО ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ

ВОДНЫЕ СВЯЗУЮЩИЕ КОМПОЗИЦИИ

Водная грунтовая композиция содержит стабилизированную поливиниловым спиртом водную дисперсию фенольной смолы, латекс на основе галогенированного полиолефина и оксид металла. Дисперсию фенольной смолы получают способом, который включает смешение: (а) предварительно полученной твердой, практически нерастворимой в воде фенольной смолы; (б) воды; (в) органического сорастворителя; (г) поливинилового спирта, при температуре и в течение времени, которых достаточно для образования дисперсии вышеуказанной фенольной смолы в воде. Водная грунтовая композиция существенно снижает использование органических растворителей, устойчива в условиях предварительного обжига и обеспечивает прочное соединение, которое отличается гибкостью и устойчивостью к неблагоприятным внешним условиям.

МНОГОСЛОЙНЫЙ УПАКОВОЧНЫЙ МАТЕРИАЛ, СПОСОБ ЕГО ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ, УПАКОВОЧНЫЙ КОНТЕЙНЕР ИЗ УПАКОВОЧНОГО МАТЕРИАЛА

... 1. Многослойный упаковочный материал (10), включающий средний слой (11) и барьерный слой (14), сформированный из ожиженной композиции, содержащей дисперсию или раствор полимера, крахмала или производного крахмала, и расположенный с одной стороны среднего слоя, причем барьерный слой включает также частицы аморфного SiO2, отличающийся тем, что упомянутые частицы аморфного SiO2 присутствуют в упомянутом барьерном слое в виде частиц с размерами, пригодными для образования коллоидного раствора, в количестве, превышающем 40 мас.%, но меньшем 80 мас.%. 2. Многослойный упаковочный материал по п.1, отличающийся тем, что упомянутые частицы аморфного SiO2 присутствуют в упомянутом барьерном слое (14) в количестве, превышающем 45 мас.%, предпочтительно превышающем 50 мас.% и даже более предпочтительно превышающем 55 мас.%, но меньшем 75 мас.%, предпочтительно меньшем, чем 70 мас.% и даже более предпочтительно меньшем 65 мас.%. 3. Многослойный упаковочный материал по п.1, отличающийся тем, что упомянутые ...

SYNTHETISCHE FASERN MIT UEBERLEGENER FLAMMVERZOEGERUNG SOWIE UEBERLEGENER ZAEHIGKEIT UND LICHTBESTAENDIGKEIT UND VERFAHREN ZU DEREN HERSTELLUNG

Mittel zum Abdichten von Reifen bei Pannen, Vorrichtungen zum Abdichten und Aufpumpen von Reifen und Reifen mit integriertem Abdichtmittel

Mittel zum Abdichten von Reifen bei Pannen auf Basis von Naturkautschuklatex, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Mittel über das Reifenventil in den Reifen einführbar ist und das Mittel zusätzlich Latices von synthetischen Isoprenkautschuken, von Acrylatkautschuken und/oder von Methacrylatkautschuken enthält.

Herstellen von Fasern aus Polyvinylalkohol-Loesungen

Klebstoffsystem enthaltend veretherte Aminoplastharze

Klebstoffsystem, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es (a) eine Harzkomponente, umfassend ein verethertes Aminoharz, (b) ein aus einem oder mehreren ethylenisch ungesättigten Monomeren hergestelltes Polymer, (c) ein Härtungsmittel und (d) einen Polyvinylalkohol umfasst.

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON DURCHSICHTIGEN FOLIEN AUF DER GRUNDLAGE VON GEMISCHEN AUS POLYVINYLCHLORID UND POLYVINYLALKOHHOL

Harzzusammensetzungen und diese verwendende Mehrschichtstrukturen.

Thermoformbare Barrierefolie aus einer Legierung auf der Basis eines Ethylen-Vinylalkohol-Copolymers und Anwendung bei der Verpackung von verderblichen Waren

Polymerpulver enthaltende Baustofftrockenformulierungen

Gegenstand der Erfindung sind Baustofftrockenformulierungen enthaltend ein oder mehrere hydraulisch abbindende Bindemittel, ein oder mehrere Füllstoffe, ein oder mehrere Polymerisate in Form von in Wasser redispergierbaren Pulvern (Polymerpulver) und gegebenenfalls ein oder mehrere Zusatzstoffe, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Polymerpulver erhältlich sind durch Trocknen von wässrigen Dispersionen enthaltend ein oder mehrere Silicasole und ein oder mehrere Polymerisate von ethylenisch ungesättigten Monomeren.

Einkomponentige Dichtmasse auf Basis einer Polyacrylatdispersion

WAESSRIGER KLEBSTOFF

LEGIERUNGEN AUF DER GRUNDLAGE EINES VINYLALKOHOL-ETHYLEN-COPOLYMEREN MIT GASSPARRENDEN EIGENSCHAFTEN, DIE WAERMEFORMBAR UND/ODER GEGEN HAEUFIGEN BIEGENBESTAENDIG SIND

Verfahren zur Trennung der Komponenten eines mehrlagigen Materials

Verfahren zur Trennung der Komponenten eines mehrlagigen Materials, das mindestens eine Lage aus einem Basiskunststoff (A) und eine Lage aus einem Kunststoff (B), getrennt durch eine Lage aus klebendem Kunststoff (C) umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man: (1) das Material auf eine Temperatur T1 erwärmt, die zwischen der Kristallisationstemperatur des Kunststoffs B (Tc) und Tc – 20°C liegt, (2) danach das Material zerkleinert, indem man es einer Scherbeanspruchung unterzieht ungefähr bei der gleichen Temperatur, um dadurch eine Delaminierung hervorzurufen und das Material in Teilchen mit geringeren Dimensionen von zweierlei Art umzuwandeln, wobei die einen Teilchen (X) im wesentlichen aus dem Basiskunststoff (A) aufgebaut sind, und die anderen Teilchen (Y) im wesentlichen aus dem Kunststoff B und dem klebenden Kunststoff (C) aufgebaut sind und (3) anschließend die Teilchen X und Y durch elektrostatische Trennung auftrennt, wobei nach der Zerkleinerung (2) die aufzutrennenden Teilchen ...

KLEBSTOFFSYSTEM ENTHALTEND VERETHERTE AMINOPLASTHARZE

Plasticised polyvinyl alcohol granulate - made from particles of uniform size by mixing with plasticiser and water

Plasticised polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) suitable for thermoplastic processing contains >=70wt.% particles of 0.8-4 mm dia. in which the plasticiser is homogeneously dispersed. It is made by mixing 100 pts. dry PVA granulate with 5-50 parts plasticiser in presence of insufficient water to completely dissolve the PVA, the heating and subsequent cooling to swell and temporarily agglomerate the particles. A free-flowing non-tacky granulate is obtd. from dry polymer with improved mechanical properties in the product due to homogeneous dispersion of the plasticiser. Removal of the water is unnecessary.

Plastische Masse

HARZZUSAMMENSETZUNG

Warmhaertbare UEberzugsmassen

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyvinylalkohol

Verseifungsfeste,waessrige Kunstharzdispersionen

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Die Erfindung betrifft eine thixotrope Zusammensetzung, vorzugsweise in Form eines Hydrogels, umfassend ein filmbildendes Polymer, Gellan und/oder Agar, ein physiologisch verträgliches Metallsalz und Wasser. Die Erfindung betrifft auch ein Behältnis enthaltend die thixotrope Zusammensetzung. Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung eine Austragsvorrichtung, enthaltend die thixotrope Zusammensetzung. Im Übrigen betrifft die Erfindung auch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer thixotropen Zusammensetzung, bei welchem ein filmbildendes Polymer, Gellan und/oder Agar, ein physiologisch verträgliches Metallsalz sowie Wasser, vorzugsweise unter Erhalt eines thixotropen Hydrogels, miteinander gemischt werden.

Verpackungsfolie für Käse

Blasgeformter Behälter und Herstellungsvefahren

Organic material

GELATION OF VINYL ALCOHOL POLYMERS

... 1342152 Gelling vinyl alcohol polymers KURARAY CO Ltd 14 Sept 1971 [16 Sept 1970 26 March 1971] 42807/71 Heading C3P Gels of vinyl alcohol polymers are obtained by freezing aqueous solutions thereof to below - 5‹ C. and melting the resultant frozen solution to obtain a highly ordered structure with the water enclosed within micelles of the gelled polymer. The procedure may be carried out in the presence of a fish attractant to produce fishing bait or of a fertilizer or deodorizer to produce a slow release fertilizer or deodorizer composition. The gelling may take place in a non-solvent (for the polymer) which is incompatible with water by adding portions of the aqueous solution to the non-solvent to form globules which sink to the bottom of the non- solvent (by the choice of a non-solvent of appropriate specific gravity) and freezing the globules to cause gelling, followed by thawing. The vessel containing the non-solvent may have hemispherical indentations in its base to assist the production ...

Improvements in or relating to adhesive compositions

... 1,133,076. Adhesively bonded laminates. NATIONAL STARCH & CHEMICAL CORP. 26 April, 1966 [26 April, 1965], No 18319/66. Heading B5N. [Also in Division C3] Materials are laminated using an adhesive composition comprising a mixture of (a) an aqueous emulsion of a vinyl acetate polymer or copolymer, (b) 2-12%, by weight of the vinyl acetate polymer solids, of polyvinyl alcohol; and (c) an acidic metal salt curing agent selected from chromic nitrate, chromic perchlorate, aluminium nitrate and aluminium chloride. The vinyl acetate may be copolymerized with an unsaturated carboxylic acid or ester or amide thereof, or a vinyl or vinylidene halide. Materials which may be bonded or laminated include wood, hardboard, textiles, leather, paper, cement asbestos board, metals, cardboard, glass or plastic. The materials, coated with the adhesive composition, can be adhered at room temperature and pressures of 30-300 p.s.i. for periods of ¢-3 hours; the pressure or period can be reduced by increasing the ...

Improvements in adhesives

An adhesive composition comprises a stable aqueous emulsion of polyvinyl acetate, formed by emulsion polymerization, containing, as emulsifiers, gum tragacanth within the range 0.25 per cent to 1.0 per cent by weight of the emulsion and partially hydrolysed polyvinyl acetate containing 16 per cent to 35 per cent polyvinyl acetate, within the range 0.25 per cent to 0.75 per cent by weight of emulsion, and an anionic surface-active agent, a plasticizer for polyvinyl acetate in an amount of from 20 per cent to 80 per cent by weight of the resin, and a solvent substantially immiscible with water. The polyvinyl acetate must have a viscosity, measured as a solution in benzene containing 86 grams per litre at 20 DEG C., greater than 20 centipoises and preferably greater than 120 cps. The emulsion preferably contains 40-60 per cent of polyvinyl acetate and has a viscosity of 100 to 5000 cps. The plasticizers, acting as tackifiers, include dibutyl phthalate, acetyl triethyl citrate, o-nitrodiphenyl ...

Gas barrier coating having high thermal resistance

A coating composition comprises a silylated polyvinyl alcohol and colloidal silica in an aqueous vehicle, where the solids content of the composition is not greater than 7.5% w/w, the silyl monomer content of the silylated polyvinyl alcohol is not greater than 3.0% (based on the monomers forming the silylated polyvinyl alcohol), the silylated polyvinyl alcohol comprises at least 50% w/w of the solids content of the composition, and the average particle size of the colloidal silica is from 5 to 80nm. It may be coated on a substrate with a layer of an inorganic compound to form a gas barrier lamella. The substrate is preferably polyester and the inorganic layer is silicon or aluminium oxide.

Vessel comprising stabilized resin composition

A stabilizer selected from alkaline earth metal hydroxides, oxides and silicates and alkaline earth metal salts of higher fatty acids and an antioxidant are incorporated into a resin composition comprising an ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymer and a propylene resin or a carbonyl group-containing thermoplastic resin. The stability of the resin composition is improved, and deterioration of the resin composition such as gelation, discoloration or reduction of the gas barrier property is prevented when this composition is heat-molded into a vessel.

Lubricous coating for glass

Coating compositions comprise polyvinyl alcohol, an emulsified polyolefine and an organic or an inorganic acid or a latent acid compound, e.g. ammonium chloride. The preferred polyolefine is polyethylene. Specified acids are phosphoric, chromic, hydrochloric, acetic, chloracetic, oxalic, malonic, succinic and dihydroxybenzoic acids. The compositions may also comprise stabilizers, bactericides and mold inhibitors. The compositions may be applied to glass articles, e.g. jars. Examples describe aqueous compositions comprising hydrolysed polyvinyl acetate, polyethylene and (I-III) phosphoric acid, (IV) chromic acid, (V) chloracetic acid, (VI) acetic acid, (VII) acetic and phosphoric acids, and (VIII and IX) ammonium chloride.ALSO:Glass articles are provided with durable, lubricous coatings by applying thereto aqueous compositions comprising polyvinyl alcohol, an emulsified polyolefin and an acid compound and heating the resulting coating to a temperature above 120, preferably 160 DEG F. The ...

POLYVINYL ALCOHOL-STARCH FILM

A polyvinyl alcohol-starch film which is prepared from a composition comprising a polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of hydrolysis of at least 93% by mole and a starch, the film being at least uniaxially stretched. The film of the present invention is excellent in water resistance, and moreover in degradable property.

HALOGEN-CONTAINING THERMOPLASTIC RESIN COMPOSITION

Halogen-containing thermoplastic resin compositions comprise 100 parts by weight of a halogen-containing thermoplastic resin (A), 0.1 to 100 parts by weight of a melt-moldable vinyl alcohol polymer (B) and 0.1 to 300 parts by weight of a thermoplastic polyurethane resin (C).

Protective compositions for photographic colour images

Adhesive compositions

Adhesive compositions comprise an aqueous dispersion of polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, boric acid, a premature gelation retarder which is an alkali metal or ammonium thiocyanate or urea, and acidic material if required to establish a pH of 2-6, said retarder and boric acid being in the proportions by weight of 25-900 parts and 15-100 parts respectively per 100 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, and the proportion of said retarder being not less than 150% of the weight of the boric acid. The polyvinyl alcohol may be a partially or completely hydrolysed polyvinyl acetate. The boric acid may be added as such or supplied by hydrolysis, e.g. of alkyl esters of boric acid or borates of aluminium, titanium or zirconium. Specified acidic materials are formic, acetic, propionic, hydrochloric and sulphuric acids. The compositions may also comprise anti-foaming agents, e.g. tributyl citrate, pine oil and dimethyl siloxane polymers; fillers, e.g. kaolin, clay and diatomaceous earth; preservatives, ...

Improvements in or relating to the production of gels

A process for gelling an aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solution comprises reacting therein (1) a first compound which does not cross-link the polyvinyl alcohol by which is convertible into a second compound which supplies ions which do cross-link the polyvinyl alcohol; and (2) a reagent which accomplishes the conversion in situ to obtain the ions which cross-link the polyvinyl alcohol. Suitable ions to effect crosslinking are Cr 3 +, Ti 4 + and V less than 5 +, which ions may be provided by reduction of hexavalent chromium or pentavalent vanadium compounds, oxidation of trivalent titanium compounds, or release of the ions from complexes. Sodium and potassium chromates and dichromates may be reduced with sodium bisulphite, sulphide, hyposulphite or hydrosulphite or ethanethiolic acid, optionally in the presence of copper ions which may be provided by cupric sulphate, chloride, acetate or nitrate; sodium, potassium and ammonium vanadates may be reduced with sodium sulphite, sodium hydrosulphite ...

Electrically-conductive polyolefin resin compositions which can be directly electroplated

An electrically-conductive polyolefin resin composition having excellent resin flow properties which comprises (a) a polyolefin resin, (b) sulfur, (c) a plate adhesion promoter, (d) an electrically-conductive carbon black, and (e) a flow improver.

Manufacture of splinterless glass

... 349,283. Compound transparencies. I. G. FARBENINDUSTRIE AKT.-GES., Frankfort-on-Main, Germany. May 13, 1930, No. 14721. Convention date, May 13, 1929. [Class 140.] Glass sheets are united by a layer of vinyl ester with or without a softening agent such as tributyl phosphate. Polyvinyl acetate, chloracetate, butyrate, &c., or vinyl chloracetate &c., or mixtures of these, may be used and applied either pulverized or in solution to the glass sheets at temperatures of 60-100‹ C. and united by gentle pressure. Specification 314,379, [Class 20 (iii), Doors &c.], is referred to.

Manufacture of splinterless glass

... 367,658. Compound glass. I. G. FARBENINDUSTRIE AKT.-GES., Frankfort-on-Main, Germany. May 21, 1931, No. 15043. Convention date, May 21, 1930. Addition to 349,283. [Class 140.] Splinterless glass is made by interposing between sheets of glass layers of a mixture of a polymerization product of a compound containing the group CH2 = C#, for example polyvinyl esters such as polyvinyl acetate, polystyrene, and polyacrylic acid ester and a condensation product of maleic acid or its anhydride with unsaturated alcohols or their derivatives such as castor oil or with compounds for example polyhydric alcohols such as 1 : 3 butylene glycol, which yield unsaturated alcohols by splitting off water. Softening agents such as tributyl phosphate or aliphatic esters of phthalic acid may be added. The glass sheets are coated with a thin layer of the mixture in a soft or molten state or in solution in solvent such as acetone, alcohol, and benzene, superposed and hot pressed.

DISPERSION STABILIZER

Improvements in or relating to the production of urea-aldehyde compositions

A synthetic resinous composition comprises a mixture of 15-50 per cent by weight of hydrolysed interpolymer of a vinyl organic ester and ethylene with 85-50 per cent by weight of urea-aldehyde resin. The term urea is defined as including substances such as melamine, thiourea, ethylene urea, sym-dibutylurea, monopropylurea, monolaurylurea, sym.-trimethylmelamine, dicyandiamide, guanidine, biuret, and sym-dimethyl guanidine. Suitable aldehydes are formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, valeryl aldehyde, capryl-aldehyde, acrolein, crotonaldehyde, tiglic aldehyde, furfural, benzaldehyde, salicylaldehyde, anisaldehyde, perilla aldehyde, or cyclohexane carbonal. Suitable vinyl organic esters are vinyl formate, vinyl acetate propionate, isobutyrate, laurate, oleate, stearate, feroate, benzoate, a -naphthoate, salicylate or cyclohexane carboxylate. The hydrolysed interpolymers may have a molar ratio of ethylene to vinyl ester between 25 : 1 and 1 : 25, preferably between 5 : 1 and 12 : 1 ...

New compositions containing water-insoluble organic polymers and water-soluble organic polymers

An aqueous dispersion of a water-insoluble monoethylenic carbalkoxy polymer is blended with an aqueous solution of a water-soluble hydrolysed interpolymer of ethylene and one or more vinyl carboxylates. Insoluble polymers specified are methyl methacrylate and its interpolymers with vinyl chloride, vinyl fluoride, acrylonitrile and ethylene; ethyl acrylate and its interpolymers with vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride; phenyl a -chloroacrylate; interpolymers of vinyl chloride with methyl acrylate, dimethyl or diethyl fumarate or dimethyl maleate; interpolymers of vinyl fluoride and dimethyl fumarate. The vinyl carboxylate may be vinyl formate, acetate, propionate or benzoate. Pigments and fillers, e.g. titanium oxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide, antimony oxide, barium and calcium carbonates, barium sulphate, lakes, mica, powdered silicon and metals, plasticizers, dyes and synthetic resins, e.g. urea-formaldehyde, urea-melamine-formaldehyde or phenol-formaldehyde, may be added. The compositions ...

POLYVINYL CHLORIDE COMPOSITION

... 1517372 PVC compositions HOOKER CHEMICALS & PLASTICS CORP 29 April 1975 [29 April 1974] 17793/75 Heading C3P A PVC composition contains, per hundred parts of PVC, (a) 7À5-8À5 parts of plasticizer, (b) 10-14 parts of MBS or ABS impact modifier, (c) 1À5-2À1 parts processing aid, (d) 1À25-2 parts lubricant, (e) 0À8-1À1 parts of stabilizer and (f) 5-8 parts of stabilizer booster. Preferred are (a) dioctyl phthalate, (c) an acrylic polymer, e.g. a graft of methyl methacrylate on butadiene/styrene, (d) blend of olefinic monoglyceride and hydrogenated olein and tristearyl citrate, (e) mixed calcium, stannous and zinc stearates and (f) epoxidized soyabean oil, di- and tri-nonylphenyl phosphites and polyvinyl alcohol. Inorganic and organic pigments may also be present.

Method of manufacturing synthetic fibres of polyvinyl alcohol

Polyvinyl alcohol filaments are made by dry-or wet-spinning a spinning solution comprising a polymerized emulsion obtained by copolymerizing in water a hydrophilic vinyl monomer containing quaternary nitrogen with a monomer which forms a water-insoluble polymer, mixed with and dispersed in an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol, the spinning solution containing 0,5-50% of polymer emulsion, by weight, based on the weight of the polyvinyl alcohol, and the resulting filament containing 0,1-2% of its dry weight of nitrogen. Specified vinyl monomers containing quaternary nitrogen include 4-vinyl-pyridinium methyl chloride, 4-vinyl-pyridinium benzyl chloride, 2-vinyl-pyridinium ethyl chloride, 3-vinyl-pyridinium methyl iodide, 4-vinyl-pyridine betaine, 2-methyl-5-vinyl-pyridinium ethyl bromide, 5-ethyl-2-vinyl-pyridinium butyl bromide, 2-methyl-5-vinyl-pyridinium dodecylbromide, 2-methyl-5-vinyl-pyridinium benzyl chloride, p 2-methyl-5-vinyl-pyridinium methyl-methyl sulphate, di(2-methyl-5- ...

Thermoplastic injection molded and flushable material

A water-dispersible injection-moldable composition includes partially-hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), polyethylene glycol (PEG), plasticizer, and a hydrophobic polymeric component, wherein the composition has a melt flow index of 5-180. The hydrophobic polymeric component can be a colorant within an ethylene matrix or polyethylene. The composition is flushable according to Guidance Document for Assessing the Flushability of Nonwoven Consumer Products (INDA and EDANA, 2006); Test FG 522.2 Tier 2 - Slosh Box Disintegration Test. The PVOH has a hydrolysis of 87% to 89%.

Quick drying polymeric coating

Quick drying polymeric coating.

Films out of soluble plastic in cool water and packing carried out using these films.

Quick drying polymeric coating.

Quick drying polymeric coating.

RAEUCHERBARE SYNTHETISCHE NAHRUNGSMITTELVERPACKUNGSFOLIE

POLYVINYL ALCOHOL COMPOSITIONS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF KALTWASSERLOESLICHEN FOILS

RAEUCHERBARE SYNTHETISCHE FILME ZUR VERPACKUNG VON NAHRUNGSMITTELN

WATER-STEADY TELECOMMUNICATIONS CABLE

WASSERIGE KLEBSTOFFLOSUNG AUF BASIS VON POLYVINYLALKOHOL

MANUFACTURING METHOD OF A STENTS WITH ANTI-ANGIOGENIC COMPOSITION

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A EVOHZUSAMMENSETZUNG

RESIN COMPOSITION AND YOUR USE

MODIFIED HYDRAULIC GELS AND YOUR USE

STAUNCHING OF BLEEDING MEANS CONTAINING POLYVINYL ALCOHOL AND ITS SUPPLY FOR THE MEDICINE

RESIN COMPOSITION AND PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION

POLYVINYLALKOHOLZUSAMMENSETZUNGEN FUER DIE HERSTELLUNG VON KALTWASSERLOESLICHEN FOLIEN

RAEUCHERBARE SYNTHETISCHE FILME ZUR VERPACKUNG VON NAHRUNGSMITTELN

POLYMERE NETWORKS

BIOMEDICAL FORMS

MOLDED ARTICLE AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS FOR IT

CHROME-FREE COMPOSITION FOR METAL SURFACE TREATMENT AND SURFACE-TREATED METALLBLECH

Water-soluble product

Products which decompose when exposed to water are disclosed. The products comprise polyvinyl alcohol, talc, polyethylene glycol, and one or more of fiberglass and a titanium complex. The hardness or softness of the products may be varied by varying the relative amounts of talc, fiberglass, and titanium complex used therein. The products may be formed into items such as golf tees, stakes for ground-anchored structures, pellets for firearms, survey stakes and flags.

Heat stable halogen-free flame retardant copolyester thermoplastic elastomer compositions

Halogen-free flame retardant compositions exhibiting flame retardance and retention of mechanical properties, especially elongation at break, upon long-term high temperature exposure and comprising a) at least one copolyester thermoplastic elastomer, and b) from at or about 1 to at or about 30 weight percent, based on the total weight of the composition, of at least one flame retardant comprising a phosphinate, diphosphinate and/or polymers of these; c) from at or about 0.25 to at or about 15 weight percent, based on the total weight of the flame retardant composition, of one or more polyhydroxy polymers having a number average molecular weight of at least 2000 and selected from the group consisting of ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymers and poly(vinyl alcohol)s.

Process for producing thermoplastic elastomer composition

Disclosed is a process for producing a thermoplastic elastomer composition having a matrix phase comprising a polyamide and an ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymer and a disperse phase comprising a rubber composition, by which gelation by a reaction between a polyamide and an ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymer can be inhibited and the dispersion of the rubber composition can be good. In the process, the polyamide resin and the rubber composition are melt-blended to the extent necessary for the rubber composition to form a disperse phase, and then the ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymer is added and further melt-blended together.

Water-Soluble Product

Products which decompose when exposed to water are disclosed. The products comprise polyvinyl alcohol, talc, polyethylene glycol, and one or more of fiberglass and a titanium complex. The hardness or softness of the products may be varied by varying the relative amounts of talc, fiberglass, and titanium complex used therein. The products may be formed into items such as golf tees, stakes for ground-anchored structures, pellets for firearms, survey stakes and flags.

Porous, low density nanoclay composite

Disclosed are porous, low density nanoclay composites that exhibit highly homogeneous microcellular morphology and methods for forming the nanocomposites. The nanocomposites include a three-dimensional matrix having a non-lamellar, generally isotropic cellular structure with little or no macroscopic pores. The nanocomposites also include a gel that may be a noncovalently cross-linked, thermoreversible gel. The nanocomposites may include a binder and/or fibrous reinforcement materials. The nanocomposites may be formed according to a freeze-drying process in which ice crystal growth is controlled to prevent formation of macroscopic pores in the composite materials.

Gas barrier coating having improved bond strength

In order to maintain adequate bond strength of a composite in which a gas barrier coating comprising a clay dispersion and a polymer solution or dispersion of a PVA and/or EVA is positioned between two flexible plastics films using an adhesive, it is necessary that the clay dispersion and the polymer solution or dispersion should be kept separate until shortly before they are to be applied.

Biodegradable pellets foamed by irradiation

This invention relates to biodegradable starch-based pellets which foamable by irradiation, which are particularly suitable for the manufacture of foam articles, characterised in that they have a porous structure with a low porous external skin. This invention also relates to foam articles obtained from these.

Curable mixture

The present invention relates to a curable mixture suitable for obtaining “easy-to-clean” properties in the cured mixture, comprising at least one mineral binder, a powder comprising at least one fluoroorganyl-substituted silicon compound encapsulated in a water-soluble polymer, the amount of the silicon compound being 0.001% to 8% by weight, based on the present mixture, and optionally further adjuvants, and also to a process for preparing the mixture and to the use thereof. The invention further relates to a water-redispersible powder and also to a corresponding intermediate for use in the curable mixture in order to obtain “easy-to-clean” properties in the cured mixture. Also claimed, furthermore, is a process for preparing the powder, and the use thereof.

ANISOTROPIC HYDROGELS

Anisotropic hydrogels including poly(vinyl alcohol) and which have physical cross-links so as to form materials which exhibit anisotropic mechanical properties characteristic of soft biological tissues wherein the anisotropic hydrogel may be used for tissue reconstruction and/or replacement including vessels, arteries, valve components, cartilage, ligaments, skin, and other medical uses such as stents, medical phantoms, contact lenses, bandages, and the like. 1. An anisotropic hydrogel comprising physical cross-links and exhibiting at least one anisotropic mechanical property.2. The anisotropic hydrogel according to claim 1 , wherein said anisotropic hydrogel comprises poly(vinyl alcohol).3. The anisotropic hydrogel according to wherein a ratio of the modulus of elasticity in a first direction to the modulus of elasticity in a second orthogonal direction is between approximately 1.4 and 1.9.4. The anisotropic hydrogel according to wherein a ratio of the tangent modulus of elasticity in a first direction to the tangent modulus of elasticity in a second orthogonal direction is between approximately 1.4 and 2.4.5. The anisotropic hydrogel according to wherein said anisotropic mechanical property is characteristic of a soft biological tissue.6. The anisotropic hydrogel according to provided in the form of an anisotropic tubular conduit.7. The anisotropic hydrogel according to wherein said soft biological tissue is selected from the group consisting of vascular vessels claim 5 , heart valve leaflets claim 5 , cartilage claim 5 , ligaments and skin.8. The anisotropic hydrogel according to claim 7 , wherein said vascular vessel is an aorta or coronary artery.9. The anisotropic hydrogel according to wherein said poly(vinyl alcohol) is present in an amount ranging from approximately 5% to about 25%.10. The anisotropic hydrogel according to wherein said poly(vinyl alcohol) is present in an amount ranging from approximately 7% to about 15%.11. The anisotropic hydrogel ...

BIODEGRADABLE COMPOSITION HAVING HIGH MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS

A starch based biodegradable composition comprising starch, a polyvinyl alcohol covinyl acetate copolymer and pentaerythritol, which can be produced industrially according to the techniques commonly used for traditional plastics is provided. 2. The extrusion process for preparing a biodegradable product according to claim 1 , wherein the non converted starch is present in a quantity of 20 to 60 wt % claim 1 , the polyvinyl alcohol co-vinyl acetate copolymer is present in a quantity of 10-48 wt % and the plasticizers are present in a quantity of 10-40 wt % with respect to the total weight of the dry product.3. The extrusion process for preparing a biodegradable product according to claim 2 , wherein the non converted starch is present in a quantity of 25-45 wt % claim 2 , the polyvinyl alcohol co-vinyl acetate copolymer is present in a quantity of 20-45 wt % and the plasticizers are present in a quantity of 15-35 wt % with respect to the total weight of the dry product.4. The extrusion process for preparing a biodegradable product according to claim 1 , wherein the plasticizers contain pentaerythritol in a quantity of 50-80% with respect to the total weight of the plasticizers claim 1 , said product having an elastic modulus comprised between 450 and 2000 MPa claim 1 , an energy at break >1200 kJ/mand a load at break >25 MPa measured at 23° C. and 55% of relative humidity on a 30-50 micrometers film.5. The extrusion process for preparing a biodegradable product according to wherein the product has an energy at break >1500 kJ/mand a load at break >30 MPa.6. The extrusion process for preparing a biodegradable product according to claim 1 , wherein the non converted starch is maize starch.7. The extrusion process for preparing a biodegradable product according to claim 1 , wherein the polyvinyl alcohol-co-vinyl acetate copolymer has a degree of hydrolysis >75%.8. The extrusion process for preparing a biodegradable product according to claim 7 , wherein the polyvinyl ...

RESIN COMPOSITION AND MOLDED ARTICLE THEREOF

There is provided a resin composition affording a melt-molded article having excellent gas barrier properties and flex crack resistance. The present invention relates to a resin composition comprising a polyvinyl alcohol resin (A) having a 1,2-diol structural unit represented by the following general formula (1), a styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer (B), and a polyamide graft block copolymer (C) containing a polymer block of an aromatic vinyl compound and a polymer block of an olefinic compound in a main chain and having a graft chain composed of a polyamide: 2. The resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein a content ratio (A)/{(B)+(C)} of the polyvinyl alcohol copolymer (A) to the total of the styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer (B) and the polyamide graft block copolymer (C) is 95/5 to 50/50 as a weight ratio.3. The resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein a content ratio (B)/(C) of the styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer (B) to the polyamide graft block copolymer (C) is 80/20 to 2/98 as a weight ratio.4. The resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein a content of the polyamide component in the polyamide graft block copolymer (C) is 20 to 80 weight %.5. The resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein a ratio η/ηof melt viscosity ηof the polyvinyl resin copolymer (A) to melt viscosity ηof a mixture of the styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer (B) and the polyamide graft block copolymer (C) is 0.5 to 3.6. A molded article obtained by melt-molding the resin composition according to . The present invention relates to a resin composition comprising a polyvinyl alcohol resin as a main component and having a styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer blended thereto. More particularly, the present invention relates to a resin composition which affords a molded article excellent in flex crack resistance and gas barrier properties and is excellent in melt-viscosity stability during molding and the like through formation of a sea-island structure ...

RESIN BLEND

Provided are a resin blend for melt processing, a pellet and a method of preparing a resin article using the same. The resin blend may include a first resin, and a second resin having a difference in melt viscosity from the first resin of 0.1 to 3000 pa*s at a shear rate of 100 to 1000 sand a processing temperature of the resin blend. The resin blend can improve mechanical and surface characteristics of a resin article. Further, since coating or plating is not required for manufacturing a resin article, a manufacturing time and/or cost can be reduced, and productivity can be increased. 1. A resin blend for melt processing , comprising:a first resin; and{'sup': '−1', 'a second resin having a difference in melt viscosity from the first resin of 0.1 to 3000 pa*s at a shear rate of 100 to 1000 sand a processing temperature of the resin blend.'}2. The resin blend according to claim 1 , wherein the second resin has a molecular weight distribution of 1 to 2.5.3. The resin blend according to claim 1 , wherein the second resin has a weight average molecular weight of 30 claim 1 ,000 to 200 claim 1 ,000.4. The resin blend according to claim 1 , wherein the first resin includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a styrene-based resin claim 1 , a polyolefin-based resin claim 1 , a thermoplastic elastomer claim 1 , a polyoxyalkylene-based resin claim 1 , a polyester-based resin claim 1 , a polyvinyl chloride-based resin claim 1 , a polycarbonate-based resin claim 1 , a polyphenylene sulfide-based resin claim 1 , a vinyl alcohol-based resin claim 1 , an acrylate-based resin claim 1 , engineering plastics and a copolymer thereof.5. The resin blend according to claim 1 , wherein the second resin includes at least one selected from the group consisting of an anti-wear resin claim 1 , an anti-contamination resin claim 1 , an anti-fingerprint resin claim 1 , a colored resin claim 1 , a pearl resin claim 1 , a high-gloss resin claim 1 , a non-gloss resin and a barrier ...

RESIN BLEND

Provided are a resin blend for melt processing, a pellet and a method of preparing a resin article using the same. The resin blend may include a first resin, and a second resin having a difference in surface energy from the first resin at 25° C. of 0.1 to 35 mN/m. The resin blend can improve mechanical and surface characteristics of a resin article. Further, since coating or plating is not required for manufacturing a resin article, a manufacturing time and/or cost can be reduced, and productivity can be increased. 1. A resin blend for melt processing , comprising:a first resin; anda second resin having a difference in surface energy from the first resin at 25° C. of 0.1 to 35 mN/m.2. The resin blend according to claim 1 , wherein the second resin has a molecular weight distribution of 1 to 2.5.3. The resin blend according to claim 1 , wherein the second resin has a weight average molecular weight of 30 claim 1 ,000 to 200 claim 1 ,000.4. The resin blend according to claim 1 , wherein the first resin includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a styrene-based resin claim 1 , a polyolefin-based resin claim 1 , a thermoplastic elastomer claim 1 , a polyoxyalkylene-based resin claim 1 , a polyester-based resin claim 1 , a polyvinyl chloride-based resin claim 1 , a polycarbonate-based resin claim 1 , a polyphenylene sulfide-based resin claim 1 , a vinyl alcohol-based resin claim 1 , an acrylate-based resin claim 1 , engineering plastics and a copolymer thereof.5. The resin blend according to claim 1 , wherein the second resin includes at least one selected from the group consisting of an anti-wear resin claim 1 , an anti-contamination resin claim 1 , an anti-fingerprint resin claim 1 , a colored resin claim 1 , a pearl resin claim 1 , a high-gloss resin claim 1 , a non-gloss resin and a barrier resin.6. The resin blend according to claim 1 , wherein the second resin includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a (meth)acrylate-based resin ...

Composition And Methods For Antimicrobial Articles

A biocompatible controlled release form of complexed iodine is achieved by a complexation of polyvinyl alcohol based foam and characterized by a residual starch component to optimize iodine release profiles. The resulting iodine complexed polyvinyl alcohol foam may be utilized locally as an antimicrobial agent that releases controlled amounts of iodine sufficient to kill microbes for extended durations without excessive bulk and rigidity. 1. A PVA foam article comprising:a) at least in part a pore forming carbohydrate, and{'sup': '3', 'b) iodine complexed at least in part to the PVA, where the pre-iodine complexed density of the PVA foam is at least 0.074 g/cm.'}2. The PVA foam article of claim 1 , where the carbohydrate is a polysaccharide including starches.3. The PVA foam article of claim 1 , where the iodine is further complexed at least in part to the carbohydrate.4. The PVA foam article of claim 1 , further comprising a thickness of 2 mm to 6 mm.5. The PVA foam article of claim 2 , where the article is packaged with a moisture content of at least 40% (w/w).6. The PVA foam article of claim 1 , where the article is a sponge for disinfecting surfaces or liquids.7. The PVA foam article of claim 1 , where the article is a sponge for treatment of diseased tissues including tissues of wounds and tissues of otitis conditions.8. The PVA foam article of claim 7 , where the complexed foam exhibits the controlled in vitro cumulative release of iodine in distilled water at 37 C at or near sink conditions of:a) between 50 ppm and 175 ppm at 3 hours,b) between 100 ppm and 300 ppm at 6 hours, andc) between 180 ppm and 400 ppm at 12 hours.9. The PVA foam article of claim 8 , when applied to a patient wound is capable of continuously releasing iodine for at least 24 hours.10. The PVA foam article of claim 8 , wherein the in vitro release is measured by an iodine release test which utilizes:h) a shaker bath,i) a lateral agitation distance of 0.5 inches,j) a release media of ...

Method For The Production Of Foam Moulded Parts

The present invention relates to a method for the manufacture of foam moulded parts. Further the present invention relates to foamed moulded parts. The present method comprises the following steps: 1. A method for the production of foam moulded parts based on polymer foam granules , wherein the method comprises the following steps:i) the provision of polymer foam granules,ii) mixing the polymer foam granules with a glue composition,iii) flowing a heat transfer medium through the mixture obtained in step ii) to obtain said foamed moulded part.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein hot air is used as said heat transfer medium.3. The method according to wherein the polymer foam granules are selected from the group consisting of expanded polylactic acid claim 1 , polylactic acid-starch mixture claim 1 , polylactic acid-poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) mixture claim 1 , polylactic acid with polyhydroxyalkanoate compounds claim 1 , expanded polystyrene claim 1 , expanded polystyrene/poly(p-phenyleneoxide claim 1 , expanded polypropylene claim 1 , expanded polyethene claim 1 , expanded polyethylene terephthalate claim 1 , starch foam claim 1 , or one or more combinations thereof.4. The method according to wherein the glue composition comprises one or more of the components based on polyvinyl alcohol claim 1 , polyvinyl acetate en styrene.5. The method according wherein step ii) further comprises adding the mixture of glue composition and polymer foam granules to two pressure bodies and subsequently exerting pressure via the said pressure bodies.6. The method according to wherein the pressure bodies comprise two parallel arranged transport bands between which the mixture of glue composition and polymer foam granules is located.7. The method according to wherein the glue composition further comprises one or more additives claim 1 , selected from the group consisting of colouring agents claim 1 , materials to increase the heat insulation value and flame retarding ...

Cryogels of pva-boronic acid containing co-polymers for cell culture

A cryogel contains a polyol and a co-polymer of Formula (I).

SHAPING SLURRY AND SHAPING METHOD

A shaping slurry that forms a shaped product with a granule includes: a water-based solvent; a hydrophobic granule that forms the shaped product; and an amphiphatic solid polymer that forms the shaped product, and is dissolved in the water-based solvent. 1. A shaping slurry that forms a shaped product with a granule ,the shaping slurry comprising:a water-based solvent;a hydrophobic granule that forms the shaped product; andan amphiphatic solid polymer that forms the shaped product, and is dissolved in the water-based solvent.2. The shaping slurry according to claim 1 ,wherein the granule is a resin granule,wherein the water-based solvent contains a nonorganic main solvent component, andwherein the amphiphatic solid polymer has a hydrocarbon chain backbone, and a side-chain hydrophilic functional group.3. The shaping slurry according to claim 1 , wherein the amphiphatic solid polymer is polyvinyl alcohol.4. The shaping slurry according to claim 3 ,wherein the water-based solvent is water, andwherein the polyvinyl alcohol has a polymerization degree of from 300 to 1,000, inclusive.5. The shaping slurry according to claim 3 ,wherein the water-based solvent is water, andwherein the polyvinyl alcohol has a saponification degree of from 85 to 90, inclusive.6. The shaping slurry according to claim 1 , further comprising a fiber material. This application is a divisional application of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/105,080 filed May 11, 2011 which claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-120204, filed May 26, 2010 all of which are expressly incorporated by reference herein in their entireties.1. Technical FieldThis invention relates to shaping slurries used for shaping, and shaping methods using such shaping slurries.2. Related ArtThe lamination shaping method has been commonly used as a method of rapidly producing a prototype shaped product (rapid prototyping). In the lamination shaping method, a shaped product model created by three-dimensional CAD or the ...

Method for producing slurry composition

The present invention provides a method for producing a slurry composition which realizes excellent dispersibility through simple steps and can maintain high dispersibility over a long term. In addition, the present invention provides a slurry composition produced using this method. The present invention provides s method for producing a slurry composition containing an inorganic powder, a polyvinyl acetal resin, and an organic solvent, the method comprising the steps of: mixing an inorganic powder, a mixed polyvinyl acetal resin (A) and an organic solvent for inorganic dispersion to prepare an inorganic dispersion; mixing a polyvinyl acetal resin (B) and an organic solvent for resin solution to prepare a resin solution; and adding the resin solution to the inorganic dispersion, the mixed polyvinyl acetal resin (A) including a polyvinyl acetal resin (a1) having a hydroxy group content of 20 to 40 mol % and a polyvinyl acetal resin (a1) having a hydroxy group content of 28 to 60 mol %, the polyvinyl acetal resin (a1) and the polyvinyl acetal resin (a2) being in a relation represented by the following formula (1): Y−X ≧5   (1) wherein X represents the hydroxy group content (mol %) in the polyvinyl acetal resin (a1), and Y represents the hydroxy group content (mol %) in the polyvinyl acetal resin (a2), the polyvinyl acetal resin (B) having a polymerization degree of 800 to 4200, and an amount of the mixed polyvinyl acetal resin (A) used in the step of preparation of the inorganic dispersion being 0.1 to 20 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the inorganic powder.

Ionomer-poly(vinyl alcohol) blends

Disclosed is a composition comprising (a) a poly(vinyl alcohol) characterized by (i) a hydrolysis level of from about 85 to about 93 mole % and a 4 weight % aqueous viscosity at 20° C. of 15 centipoise or less; or (ii) a hydrolysis level of about 95 mole % or greater; and (b) an ionomer comprising a parent acid copolymer comprising copolymerized units of ethylene and acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with melt flow rate from about 200 to about 1000 g/10 min., wherein about 50% to about 70% of the carboxylic acid groups of the copolymer are neutralized to carboxylic acid salts.

MOLDABLE SAND COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR MAKING THE SAME

The present invention relates to moldable sand compositions, methods for making the moldable sand compositions, and methods for using the moldable sand compositions. In a particular embodiment, the moldable sand composition comprises between about 70% to about 95% sand, between about 5% to about 30% water, a polar polymeric resin, a crosslinking agent, and a humectant. In an exemplary embodiment, the composition contains no oils, waxes, glycols, or rubbers. The composition is capable of becoming hardened over time in order to maintain the achieved shape, and can be re-wetted and molded again after becoming hardened. 1. A moldable sand composition comprising between about 70% to about 95% sand , between about 5% to about 30% water , a polar polymeric resin , a crosslinking agent , and a humectant.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the sand comprises silica sand.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the crosslinking agent comprises a boric compound.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the humectant comprises glycerin.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the polar polymeric resin comprises PVA.6. The composition of comprising between about 80% to about 90% sand.7. The composition of comprising between about 7% to about 20% water.8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of sand to water is between about 3 to about 15.9. The composition of comprising between about 0.5% to about 3% polar polymeric resin.10. The composition of comprising between about 1% to about 3% humectant.11. The composition of further comprising one or more additives claim 1 , wherein the additives are selected from the group consisting of pH adjusters claim 1 , buffers claim 1 , defoamers claim 1 , dispersing agents claim 1 , scents claim 1 , preservatives claim 1 , colorants claim 1 , and combinations thereof.12. The composition of claim 11 , wherein the composition comprises less than about 1% of the one or more additives.13. The moldable sand composition of comprising between ...

Support Structures and Deposition Techniques for 3D Printing

There is provided a support structure for use with 3D printing of objects from computer-aided designs. The support structures include fine points that contact the down-facing surfaces of the 3D object being printed in order to adequately support the 3D object while also being adapted for easy removal after the 3D print process is complete. The fine points are possible by controlling the operation of the dispenser to provide a precise amount of material in a precise location. The dispenser jumps from a first fine point to a second fine point by retracting the print material after the first fine point is printed and then moving the dispenser vertically relative to the first fine point before the dispenser is moved horizontally to the second fine point.

Method for producing polymer fine particle

A fine polymer particle production method includes producing an emulsion in a liquid prepared by dissolving and mixing a polymer A and a polymer B in organic solvents in which a solution phase composed primarily of the polymer A and a solution phase composed primarily of the polymer B are formed as separate phases, and bringing it into contact with a poor solvent for the polymer A to precipitate the polymer A. This method serves for easy synthesis of fine polymer particles with a narrow particle size distribution and the method can be effectively applied to production of highly heat-resistant polymers that have been difficult to produce with the conventional methods.

WATER REPELLENT MATERIALS FOR WOOD PRODUCTS

A method of manufacturing a wood product including using a water and wax mixture with wood particles in a production process of wood products, wherein the wax mixture includes a hydrocarbon wax, and a water-repellant material selected from the group consisting of (a) an asphaltite, (b) a polyolefin copolymer, (c) a polyolefin synthetic wax, and (d) combinations thereof, and forming a wood product. 1. An aqueous wax mixture comprising:water;a hydrocarbon wax; anda water-repellant material selected from the group consisting of (a) an asphaltite, (b) a polyolefin copolymer, (c) a polyolefin synthetic wax, and (d) combinations thereof.2. The mixture according to claim 1 , wherein said asphaltite is selected from the group consisting of uintaite claim 1 , gilsonite claim 1 , grahamite claim 1 , and glance pitch.3. The mixture according to claim 1 , wherein said polyolefin copolymer is selected from the group consisting of ethylene acrylic acid copolymers claim 1 , ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers and oxidized ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers.4. The mixture according to claim 1 , wherein said polyolefin synthetic wax is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene homopolymers and oxidized polyethylene homopolymers.5. The mixture according to claim 1 , further comprising montan wax.6. The mixture according to claim 1 , further comprising polyvinyl alcohol.7. A method of manufacturing a wood product comprising:using a water and wax mixture with wood particles in a production process of wood products, wherein said wax mixture comprises a hydrocarbon wax, and a water-repellant material selected from the group consisting of (a) an asphaltite, (b) a polyolefin copolymer, (c) a polyolefin synthetic wax, and (d) combinations thereof; andforming a wood product.8. A wood product made by the method of . The present invention relates generally to water repellants, such as wax or wax-like substances that are used to impart water repellency and other characteristics to wood ...

RESIN COMPOSITION AND MOLDED PRODUCT THEREOF

Provided is a resin composition from which a melt molded product which is excellent in transparency, gas barrier property and flexibility and has biodegradability can be obtained. The present invention relates to a resin composition, which comprises a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin (i) comprising a structural unit represented by the following general formula (1) and an aliphatic-aromatic polyester (ii) comprising a specific component, wherein each of R, Rand Rindependently represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group, X represents a single bond or a bonding chain, and each of R, Rand Rindependently represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group. 2. The resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein all of Rto Rin the formula (1) represent a hydrogen atom claim 1 , and X in the formula (1) represents a single bond.3. The resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein a content of the structural unit represented by the general formula (1) contained in the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin (i) is 1 to 15% by mol.4. The resin composition according to claim 2 , wherein a content of the structural unit represented by the general formula (1) contained in the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin (i) is 1 to 15% by mol.5. A molded product claim 1 , which comprises a melt molded product of the resin composition according to .6. A laminated film comprising a layer formed from the resin composition according to claim 1 , and a layer formed from another biodegradable polymer.7. A coextruded film comprising a layer formed from the resin composition according to claim 1 , and a layer formed from another biodegradable polymer.8. A molded product claim 2 , which comprises a melt molded product of the resin composition according .9. A laminated film comprising a layer formed from the resin composition according to claim 2 , and a layer formed from another biodegradable polymer.10. A coextruded film comprising a layer formed from the resin composition according to claim 2 , and a layer ...

MODIFIED VINYL ALCOHOL POLYMER SOLUTION AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME

An object of the present invention is to provide a modified PVA solution that enables physical properties such as viscosity to be adjusted even when a concentration of the modified PVA having high hydrophobicity is increased, and to provide a method for producing the modified PVA solution. The modified vinyl alcohol polymer solution of the present invention comprises: a modified vinyl alcohol polymer; an organic solvent; and water, the modified vinyl alcohol polymer: comprising a monomer unit having an alkyl group having a carbon number of 2 or greater and 29 or less;, and having a percentage content of the monomer unit being no less than 0.05 mol % and no greater than 5 mol %, and a degree of saponification of the modified vinyl alcohol polymer being no less than 20 mol % and no greater than 99.99 mol %, and in terms of Hansen solubility parameters of the organic solvent, δd being no less than 13 MPa and no greater than MPa, δp being no less than 4 MPaand no greater than 9 MPa, and δh being no less than 9 MPaand no greater than 13 MPa. 1. A modified vinyl alcohol polymer solution , comprising:a modified vinyl alcohol polymer;an organic solvent; andwater,wherein:the modified vinyl alcohol polymer comprises a monomer unit comprising an alkyl group having a carbon number of 2 or greater and 29 or less, such that a percentage content of the monomer unit is no less than 0.05 mol % and no greater than 5 mol %, and a degree of saponification of the modified vinyl alcohol polymer is no less than 20 mol % and no greater than 99.99 mol %; and{'sup': 0.5', '0.5', '0.5', '5', '0.5', '0.5, 'in terms of Hansen solubility parameters of the organic solvent, δd is no less than 13 MPaand no greater than 18 MPa, δp is no less than 4 MPaand no greater than 9 MPa, and δh is no less than 9 MPaand no greater than 13 MPa.'}2. The modified vinyl alcohol polymer solution according to claim 1 , wherein:the monomer unit has a carbon number of 11 or greater; anda ratio of the carbon number to ...

Biodegradable And Compostable Component For Cosmetic Packaging

A biodegradable component for a package for storing and dispensing a cosmetic product or a beauty care product is made from compressed fibrous biomass bound by a cosmetically compatible and compostable binder in a mold having a sidewall draft angle of 0 to 30 degrees. 1. A biodegradable component for a package for storing and dispensing cosmetic and beauty care products , the component comprising:a compressed fibrous biomass bound by a cosmetically compatible and compostable binder, the component adapted to store, dispense or apply cosmetic or beauty care products, wherein the component is formed in a mold having a sidewall draft angle that is about 0 degrees to about 30 degrees.2. The component of wherein the draft angle is about 0.1 degree to about 17 degrees.3. The component of wherein the draft angle is about 1 degree to about 7 degrees.4. The component of wherein the component is a pressed powder pan5. The component of wherein the pan is adapted to be used in a filling operation at powder pressing pressures in the range of 0.1 p.s.i to 2 claim 4 ,500 p.s.i.6. The method of wherein the cosmetically compatible and compostable binder is a resin selected from the group consisting of a biodegradable one of polyurethane resin claim 1 , polyester claim 1 , aliphatitic polyester claim 1 , polyvinyl alcohol claim 1 , polycaprolactone claim 1 , polyhydroxyalkanoate claim 1 , denatured starch claim 1 , a natural polymer claim 1 , a polyisocyanate claim 1 , polyglycolic acid claim 1 , polylactic acid claim 1 , polyhydroxybutyric acid claim 1 , polyhydroxyvaleric acid claim 1 , a polyhydroxycarboxylic acids claim 1 , polybutylene succinate and polybutylene adipatea.7. The method of wherein the cosmetically compatible and compostable binder is a naturally occurring constituent of the fibrous biomass. 1. Field of the InventionThe present invention relates to cosmetic and personal care packaging. In particular, the present invention is directed to biodegradable cosmetic and ...

Reduced drying carrier formulation

According to the present invention there is provided a carrier formulation adapted to operatively support a preservative or preservative mixture within a material for treating wood, said carrier formulation comprising water and one or more water-miscible, water-soluble or water-emulsifiable compounds wherein said carrier formulation provides for preservative penetration and substantial preservative retention within the treated wood; and wherein the treated wood requires relatively little post-treatment drying. The carrier formulation provides for substantially complete or envelope penetration of the preservative within the treated wood.

POLYMERIC FILM OR COATING COMPRISING HEMICELLULOSE

A film forming composition and a polymeric film or coating comprising hemicellulose is disclosed, said polymeric film or coating further comprising at least one additive/reactant increasing the liquid/moisture resistance. The use of said film or coating is also disclosed. Further, a method for the manufacture of said polymeric film or coating is disclosed, as well as a method for improving the liquid/moisture resistance of hemicellulose. The hemicellulose/phyllosilicate nanocomposite reinforced material provides excellent liquid/moisture resistance. 1. A liquid/moisture resistant polymeric film or coating comprising:hemicellulose extracted from biomass;at least one component to improve film formability, the component comprising at least one plasticizer in an amount between 20% and 50%, by weight, of the combined weight of the hemicellulose and plasticizer; andbetween 0.1% and 15% by weight of at least one agent to increase the liquid/moisture resistance of the film or coating, the agent comprising a layered phyllosilicate.2. A liquid/moisture resistant polymeric film or coating as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said at least one agent includes a hydrophobizing agent.3. A liquid/moisture resistant polymeric film or coating as claimed in claim 2 , wherein said film or coating has:a hemicellulose content in % by dry weight 60-90%,a cross-linking agent andthe hydrophobizing agent is, in % by dry weight, of 0-5%.4. A liquid/moisture resistant polymeric film or coating as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising at least one of citric acid claim 1 , boric acid claim 1 , polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin claim 1 , ethylene acrylic acid copolymer claim 1 , formaldehyde claim 1 , glyoxal claim 1 , epichlorohydrin claim 1 , phosphoric acid and acrolein.5. A liquid/moisture resistant polymeric film or coating as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising at least one of an acid anhydride claim 1 , a rosin claim 1 , an alkenyl succinic anhydride claim 1 , and an alkyl keten dimer.6. A ...

Moldable sand compositions and methods for making the same

The present invention relates to moldable sand compositions, methods for making the moldable sand compositions, and methods for using the moldable sand compositions. In a particular embodiment, the moldable sand composition comprises between about 70% to about 95% sand, between about 5% to about 30% water, a polar polymeric resin, a crosslinking agent, and a humectant. In an exemplary embodiment, the composition contains no oils, waxes, glycols, or rubbers. The composition is capable of becoming hardened over time in order to maintain the achieved shape, and can be re-wetted and molded again after becoming hardened.

WATER-SOLUBLE PACKETS

The disclosure provides a water soluble pouch including at least two sealed compartments, the pouch including outer walls including water soluble film including a water soluble resin, and an inner wall including water soluble film including a water soluble resin, the outer wall films being sealed to the inner wall film, the outer wall films being characterized by: a dissolution time of 300 seconds or less, the water soluble resin of the outer wall films having a viscosity in a range of 14.5 cP to 25cP, and a pouch strength of at least 200 N, and the inner wall film being characterized by: a dissolution time of 300 seconds or less, the water soluble resin of the inner film having viscosity in a range of 12 cP to 14.5 cP, and a tackiness value of at least 1500 g/s. 1. A water soluble pouch defining an interior pouch volume , the pouch comprising at least two water-soluble films , wherein a film of the at least two water-soluble films comprises a polyvinyl alcohol resin comprising a polyvinyl alcohol copolymer comprising an anionic monomer unit , optionally one or more of maleic acid , monoalkyl maleate , dialkyl maleate monomethyl maleate dimethyl maleate , maleic anhydride , alkali metal salts of the foregoing , esters of the foregoing , and combinations of the foregoing , and wherein the water-soluble film comprising a polyvinyl alcohol copolymer comprising an anionic monomer unit is sealed to another film using a sealing solution comprising water , one or more diols and/or glycols , and a surfactant.2. The water-soluble pouch of claim 1 , wherein the surfactant is one or more selected from polyoxyethylenated polyoxypropylene glycols claim 1 , alcohol ethoxylates claim 1 , alkylphenol ethoxylates claim 1 , tertiary acetylenic glycols and alkanolamides (nonionics) claim 1 , polyoxyethylenated amines claim 1 , quaternary ammonium salts and quaternized polyoxyethylenated amines (cationics) claim 1 , amine oxides claim 1 , N-alkylbetaines and sulfobetaines ( ...

FOOD PACKAGING FILMS FROM LIGNIN AND METHODS OF MAKING THE SAME

Provided herein are materials comprising a crosslinked polymer and a hydrophobic starch, wherein the crosslinked polymer comprises a first polymer and a second polymer and the first polymer comprises a lignin polymer or a salt thereof, and methods of use and preparation thereof. 1. A material comprising a hydrophobic starch and a crosslinked polymer , wherein the crosslinked polymer comprises a first polymer and a second polymer; the first polymer comprises a lignin polymer or a salt thereof; and', 'the second polymer comprises polyvinyl alcohol or comprises one or more polymerized monomers selected from the group consisting of vinyl acetate, styrene, acrylonitrile, butadiene, hydroxyethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, propylene, ethylene oxide, and propylene oxide., 'wherein2. The material of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the first polymer and the second polymer is about 1:20 to 20:1 by weight.3. The material of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the first polymer and the hydrophobic starch is about 1:20 to 20:1 by weight.4. The material of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the first polymer claim 1 , the second polymer claim 1 , and the hydrophobic starch is about 1:4:1.5. The material of claim 1 , further comprising an antioxidant claim 1 , wherein the antioxidant is selected from the group consisting of tocopherol claim 1 , carotene claim 1 , lycopene claim 1 , lutein claim 1 , astaxanthin claim 1 , polyphenol claim 1 , and combinations thereof.6. The material of claim 5 , wherein the antioxidant comprises from about 1% to 20% by weight of the first polymer or about 0.1% to 10% of the total weight of the material.7. The material of claim 1 , further comprising an ethylene absorber claim 1 , wherein the ethylene absorber comprises aluminosilicate claim 1 , and wherein the aluminosilicate comprises a zeolite.8. The material of claim 7 , wherein the ethylene absorber comprises from about 1% to 30% by weight of the first polymer or about 0.1% to 10% of the total weight of the ...

MANUFACTURING METHOD OF CARBON NANOTUBE CONDUCTIVE MICROSPHERES AND CONDUCTIVE GLUE

The present invention provides a manufacturing method of carbon nanotube conductive microspheres and conductive glue. in comparison with a manufacturing method of carbon nanotube conductive microspheres provided by the present invention provides and the conventional “two-step method” which needs to prepare the plastic or resin microspheres and then plating the conductive metal, it is not necessary to respectively prepare the plastic or resin microspheres and the conductive layer, instead, the carbon nanotube are mixed in the polymer microspheres when the styrene monomer, the crosslinking agent and the initiator have a crosslinking reaction to form the polymer microspheres with a method of spray-granulation. Only one step is needed to prepare the conductive microspheres with carbon nanotube as the conductive medium, which can simplify the process, reduce the process, save cost. With mixing the carbon nanotube inside the polymer microspheres, the thermal mismatching between the carbon nanotubes and the resin can be illuminated, to ensure the conductive properties of conductive microspheres. Furthermore, the entire preparing process has no heavy metal salts; the bio-toxicity is reduced and no environmental pollution. The present invention provides a conductive glue, which comprises the carbon nanotube conductive microspheres manufactured by the manufacturing method of carbon nanotube conductive microspheres are easy to manufacture, lower cost, lower impact of thermal mismatching, great conductive properties, and no environmental pollution. 1. A conductive glue comprising carbon nanotube conductive microspheres manufactured by a manufacturing method which comprises following steps:{'b': '1', 'step S, providing a styrene monomer, a crosslinking agent, and an initiator, proportionally mixing the styrene monomer, the crosslinking agent and the initiator to obtain a first liquid;'}{'b': '2', 'step S, providing a dispersant, a surfactant and a carbon nanotube, dissolving- ...

WATER-BASED POLYMER DISPERSIONS AND USES THEREOF

Vinyl ester/ethylene copolymer aqueous dispersions containing an anionic polyacrylamide, at least one polyvinyl alcohol, and optionally a non-ionic surfactant, are useful in cementitious compositions as polymer additives. 115.-. (canceled)16. An aqueous polymer dispersion , comprising:i) a copolymer prepared by the polymerization of comonomers comprising a vinyl ester and ethylene,ii) an anionic polyacrylamide,iii) a polyvinyl alcohol, andiv) water,wherein the anionic polyacrylamide is present in an amount of at least 0.15 wt. %, based on the total weight of the vinyl ester and ethylene monomers.17. The aqueous polymer dispersion of claim 16 , wherein the anionic polyacrylamide is present in an amount of 0.15 to 0.45 wt. %.18. The aqueous polymer dispersion of claim 16 , wherein further comonomers are polymerized in an amount of less than 5 wt % based on the total weight of the vinyl ester and ethylene monomers.19. The aqueous polymer dispersion of claim 16 , wherein the number average molecular weight of the anionic polyacrylamide is from 1×10to 1×10g/mol.20. The aqueous polymer dispersion of claim 16 , wherein the aqueous polymer dispersion further comprises a nonionic surfactant with an HLB value of from 13 to 20.21. The aqueous based polymer dispersion of claim 20 , wherein the nonionic surfactant are C-Calkyl alcohol ethoxylates having 10 to 60 EO units.22. The aqueous polymer dispersion of claim 20 , wherein the nonionic surfactants are present in an amount of from 0.2 to 0.8 wt % claim 20 , based on the total weight of the vinyl ester and ethylene monomers.23. The aqueous polymer dispersion of claim 16 , wherein the polyvinyl alcohol comprises at least one medium molecular weight polyvinyl alcohol and at least one low molecular weight polyvinyl alcohol claim 16 ,wherein the medium molecular weight polyvinyl alcohol is a polyvinyl alcohol having a Höppler viscosity, in 4 wt % aqueous solution, of from 10 to 35 mPa·s as measured at 20° C. according to DIN 53015 ...

WATER-SOLUBLE FILM AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME

The present invention provides a water-soluble film having excellent solubility in cold water, high strength, and excellent hard-water resistance. The present invention also provides a method for simply producing such a water-soluble film. One aspect of the present invention relates to a water-soluble film including a polymer containing an anionic group other than a sulfonic acid (salt) group, and a water-soluble resin. The anionic group-containing polymer excludes an acrylic acid homopolymer. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for producing a water-soluble film that includes a polymer containing an anionic group other than a sulfonic acid (salt) group, and a water-soluble resin. The method includes mixing a polymer containing an anionic group other than a sulfonic acid (salt) group and a water-soluble resin. 2. (canceled)3. The water-soluble film according to claim 1 ,wherein the anionic group is a carboxyl group and/or a salt thereof.4. The water-soluble film according to claim 1 ,wherein the anionic group-containing polymer has a weight average molecular weight of 2000 to 200000.5. The water-soluble film according to claim 1 ,wherein the water-soluble resin is a polyvinyl alcohol-based polymer.6. The water-soluble film according to claim 1 ,wherein the proportion of the anionic group-containing polymer is 1% by mass or more of 100% by mass of the total amount of the water-soluble resin and the anionic group-containing polymer.7. The water-soluble film according to claim 1 ,wherein the proportion of the anionic group-containing polymer is 99% by mass or less of 100% by mass of the total amount of the water-soluble resin and the anionic group-containing polymer.8. The water-soluble film according to claim 1 ,wherein the water-soluble film has a thickness of 5 to 300 μm.9. The water-soluble film according to claim 1 ,wherein the water-soluble film is used to package a chemical and/or a detergent.12. The method for producing a water-soluble ...

USE OF A FIRST FILM AND A SECOND FILM TO IMPROVE SEAL STRENGTH OF A WATER-SOLUBLE

The present invention relates to the use of a first water-soluble film and a second water-soluble film to make a unit dose article and the use of said unit dose article. 1. Use of a first water-soluble film and a second water-soluble film in the manufacture of a water-soluble unit dose article optionally comprising a composition contained within the unit dose article , wherein the first water-soluble film and the second water-soluble film are sealed together along a seal area , in order to improve the seal strength in the seal area;wherein the first water-soluble film and the second water-soluble film are chemically different to one another and wherein the first water-soluble film has a first water capacity, and wherein the second water-soluble film has a second water capacity, wherein the first water capacity is less than the second water capacity, and wherein the difference between the water capacity of the first water soluble film and the second water-soluble film is between 0.01% and 1%;provided that when the composition is a fabric care or household care composition and a film comprises a blend of a polyvinyl alcohol homopolymer resin and an anionic polyvinyl alcohol copolymer resin, then both then first water soluble film and the second water soluble film comprise blends that include 65 wt. % or greater of an anionic polyvinyl alcohol copolymer resin; andprovided that when the composition is a fabric care or household care composition and a film comprises a blend of at least two anionic polyvinyl alcohol copolymer resins, then both then first water soluble film and the second water soluble film comprise blends of at least two anionic polyvinyl alcohol copolymer resins.2. The use according to to improve the seal strength in the seal area to reduce the volume of scrapped material during manufacture of water-soluble unit dose articles.3. The use according to claim 1 , wherein the first water-soluble film has a water capacity from 1% to 10%.4. The use according to ...

TIRE

A tire containing at least a circular tire frame body that is formed from a resin material and has a layered structure, wherein the tire frame body includes at least one gas retaining layer. 1. A tire comprising:at least a circular tire frame body that is formed from a resin material and has a layered structure, wherein the tire frame body includes at least one gas retaining layer.2. The tire according to claim 1 , wherein the gas retaining layer has a gas permeability coefficient of 2.0×10cm·cm/(cm·s·Pa) or less at 80° C.3. The tire according to claim 1 , wherein the gas retaining layer includes a thermoplastic resin.4. The tire according to claim 3 , wherein the thermoplastic resin is a thermoplastic polyamide-based resin or an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH).5. The tire according to claim 1 , wherein a stress of the gas retaining layer under a 4% tensile elongation is 70 MPa or less.6. The tire according to claim 1 , wherein the gas retaining layer includes a resin composition formed of a thermoplastic polyamide-based resin and an elastomer claim 1 , and has a gas permeability coefficient of 2.0×10cm·cm/(cm·s·Pa) or less at 80° C.7. The tire according to claim 6 , wherein a content ratio of the elastomer with respect to the thermoplastic polyamide-based resin is from 10% by volume to 48% by volume.8. The tire according to claim 6 , wherein the elastomer is a thermoplastic elastomer.9. The tire according to claim 7 , wherein the thermoplastic elastomer is a polyolefin-based thermoplastic elastomer.10. The tire according to claim 6 , wherein a stress of the gas retaining layer under a 4% tensile elongation is 50 MPa or less.11. The tire according to claim 6 , wherein the elastomer is a modified elastomer claim 6 , or a mixture of a modified elastomer and an unmodified elastomer.12. The tire according to claim 6 , wherein the gas retaining layer is configured with the thermoplastic polyamide-based resin as a sea phase and the elastomer as an island phase ...

HYDROPHILIC POLYMER COATINGS WITH DURABLE LUBRICITY AND COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS THEREOF

The invention provides a novel hydrophilic polymer and latex polymer blend coating formulation and compositions thereof, and their use on various devices (e.g., prophylactic and medical devices) to form hydrophilic and flexible coatings with durable lubricity. 155-. (canceled)56. A method for manufacturing a condom , comprising:providing a sheath of an elastomeric material selected from natural or synthetic rubber latex, the sheath having an outer surface and an inner surface;depositing a first layer of an aqueous suspension of a latex polymer to at least a portion of the outer surface of the sheath;curing the latex polymer with exposure to heat for a time sufficient to form a first or base layer of cured latex polymer;depositing a second layer of a composition, comprising a hydrophilic polymer and a suspension of latex polymer, to at least a portion of the first or base layer; andcuring the second layer of hydrophilic polymer and latex polymer with exposure to heat for a time sufficient to form a second or top layer, whereinthe hydrophilic polymer has a mean molecular weight in the range from about 1 kDa to about 1,000 kDa and is present in the composition at a concentration from about 2 w/v % to about 10 w/v %;the latex polymer microparticles are present in the composition at a concentration from about 20 w/v % to about 60 w/v %; andthe weight ratio of the hydrophilic polymer to the latex polymer microparticles is in the range from about 1:1 to about 10:1.57. The method of claim 56 , further comprising:depositing a third or top layer of a composition, comprising a hydrophilic polymer and a suspension of latex polymer, to at least a portion of the second layer; andcuring the third layer of hydrophilic polymer and latex polymer with exposure to heat for a time sufficient to form a third or top layer.58. The method of claim 56 , wherein at least a portion of the outer surface claim 56 , the first or base layer claim 56 , or the second layer claim 56 , is ...

Method for producing an aqueous dispersion of poly(hydroxyalkanoates)

A method for producing an aqueous dispersion of poly(hydroxyalkanoates) is provided. The method comprises dispersing a powder containing one or more poly(hydroxylalkanoates) in an aqueous medium in presence of a colloidal stabilizer using a high shear disperser at a shear rate of 10 s-1-750,000 s-1 and to aqueous dispersions obtainable thereby.

AQUEOUS BONDING COMPOSITION

Disclosed is an aqueous bonding composition comprising: (A) a saccharide; (B) a water-soluble synthetic resin; and (C) an inorganic acid ammonium salt, wherein the inorganic acid ammonium salt (C) comprises at least one selected from ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and ammonium chloride. The water-soluble synthetic resin (B) preferably comprises a polyvinyl alcohol-based compound. A wood-based material obtainable by using the aqueous bonding composition is also disclosed. 1: An aqueous bonding composition comprising:(A) a saccharide; (B) a water-soluble synthetic resin; and (C) an inorganic acid ammonium salt,wherein the inorganic acid ammonium salt (C) comprises at least one selected from ammonium dihydrogen phosphate or ammonium chloride.2: The aqueous bonding composition according to claim 1 , wherein the water-soluble synthetic resin (B) comprises a polyvinyl alcohol-based compound.3: The aqueous bonding composition according to claim 1 , which further comprises (D) a metal salt claim 1 , and wherein the metal salt (D) comprises magnesium chloride.4: The aqueous bonding composition according to claim 1 , wherein the water-soluble synthetic resin (B) is present in an amount of 5 to 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total weight of the components (A) to (D).5: A wood-based material which is a mixture comprising the aqueous bonding composition according to and a wood-based element. This application claims benefit under Paris Convention of Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-063804 filed on Mar. 28, 2016, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.The present invention relates to an aqueous bonding composition capable of producing an aqueous adhesive, and a wood-based material which is producible by using the aqueous bonding composition.Wood-based materials (for example, plywoods (veneer board, etc.), particle boards, fiber boards (medium density fiberboard: MDF, etc.), and laminated woods) are generally produced by applying or spraying an ...

Baking slurry composition, green sheet, method for manufacturing green sheet, method for manufacturing sintered product, and method for manufacturing monolithic ceramic capacitor

A baking slurry composition for producing a green sheet of the present invention contains inorganic powder, a polyvinyl alcohol resin, acrylic polymer, and water. The acrylic polymer has a glass transition temperature higher than or equal to −50° C. and lower than or equal to 30° C. and an acid value greater than or equal to 50 mg KOH/g and less than or equal to 200 mg KOH/g. The acrylic polymer has a weight percentage of more than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 5.0 relative to a total solid content of the baking slurry composition.

BIODEGRADABLE PELLETS FOAMED BY IRRADIATION

This invention relates to biodegradable starch-based pellets which foamable by irradiation, which are particularly suitable for the manufacture of foam articles, characterised in that they have a porous structure with a low porous external skin. This invention also relates to foam articles obtained from these. 1. A process for the preparation of foamed articles , said process comprising irradiating biodegradable low density , self-sealing pellets , said pellets comprising starch essentially free of native crystallinity which does not have endothermic gelatinisation peaks associated with a ΔH of more than 0.4 J/g of dry starch when analysed by differential scanning calorimetry in a hermetic capsule with a water/dry starch ratio of 4 , said pellets being characterized by:a porous internal structure having void area greater than 15% with respect to the area of the cross-section of the pellet;a mean equivalent diameter of pores less than 100 microns andan external skin with pores in number less than 80% with respect to the internal structure having a mean equivalent diameter lower or equal to the mean equivalent diameter of the pores of the internal structure.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said pellets comprise at least a further polymer of synthetic or natural origin.4. The process according to claim 2 , wherein said further polymer of natural origin is selected from the group consisting of cellulose claim 2 , lignin claim 2 , proteins claim 2 , phospholipids claim 2 , casein claim 2 , polysaccharides claim 2 , natural gums claim 2 , rosinic acid claim 2 , dextrins claim 2 , their mixtures and derivatives thereof.5. The process according to claim 2 , wherein said further polymer of synthetic origin is selected from the group consisting of:thermoplastic polymers comprising homopolymers and copolymers of linear or branched aliphatic hydroxyacid having C2-C24 main chain, their lactons and lactides as well as their copolymers with aliphatic polyesters of the ...

WATER-SOLUBLE FILM, PRODUCTION METHOD THEREOF, AND CHEMICAL AGENT PACKAGE

A water-soluble film is provided, which is less susceptible to curling even after long-term storage. The water-soluble film includes a polyvinyl alcohol resin (A) , and has a first surface, which has a crystal Unity index Xa, and a second surface, which is opposite to the first surface and has a crystallinity index Xb, where: Xa≥Xb; Xa−Xb is from 0.015 to 0.10; and the crystallinity indexes Xa and Xb are measured through an infrared spectroscopic analysis by an attenuated total reflection method and represented by: ABS/ABS, wherein ABSand ABSare absorbances at wavenumbers of 1141 cmand 1093 cm, respectively. 1. A water-soluble film , comprising a polyvinyl alcohol resin (A) , and having a first surface , which has a crystallinity index Xa , and a second surface , which is opposite to the first surface and has a crystallinity index Xb , Xa≥Xb;', 'a difference Xa−Xb is from 0.015 to 0.10; and', {'br': None, 'sub': 1141', '1093, 'ABS/ABS,'}, 'the crystallinity indexes Xa and Xb are each measured through an infrared spectroscopic analysis by an attenuated total reflection method and represented by, 'wherein:', {'sub': '1141', 'sup': '−1', 'ABSis an absorbance at a wavenumber of 1141 cm; and'}, {'sub': '1093', 'sup': '−1', 'ABSis an absorbance at a wavenumber of 1093 cm.'}], 'wherein2. The water-soluble film according to claim 1 , further comprising a plasticizer (B).3. The water-soluble film according to claim 2 , wherein the plasticizer (B) is present in a proportion of 5 parts by weight or more based on 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl alcohol resin (A).4. The water-soluble film according to claim 1 , further comprising a filler (C).5. The water-soluble film according to claim 4 , wherein the filler (C) is present in a proportion of 1 to 30 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl alcohol resin (A).61. The water-soluble film according to claim wherein the polyvinyl alcohol resin (A) comprises an anion group-modified polyvinyl alcohol resin (a ...

WATER-SOLUBLE FILM, PRODUCTION METHOD THEREOF, AND CHEMICAL AGENT PACKAGE

A highly transparent water-soluble film is provided. The water-soluble film includes a polyvinyl alcohol resin (A) as a major component. When evaluation of the water-soluble film for dark defects is performed, 50 dark defects or less per 5 cm×5 cm area of the water-soluble film are observed. 1. A water-soluble film , comprising a polyvinyl alcohol resin (A) as a major component , wherein:when an evaluation of the water-soluble film for dark defects is performed, 50 dark defects or less per 5 cm×5 cm area of the water-soluble film are observed;the evaluation is performed by uniaxially stretching a sample of the water-soluble film, observing the stretched film under crossed Nicols, and determining a number of dark defects having a diameter of 1 to 5 mm in an area of the stretched film corresponding to a 5 cm×5 cm area of the water-soluble film; andthe stretched film is obtained by cutting a test piece of the water-soluble film having a length of 25 cm and a width of 13 cm, clamping the test piece with chucks spaced 11 cm from each other longitudinally along the test piece in a stretching machine, and uniaxially stretching the test piece at a stretching rate of 3 mm/second to a stretch ratio of 1.2 at a temperature of 23° C. and a humidity of 50% RH.2. The water-soluble film according to claim 1 , wherein a thickness of the water-soluble film is 10 to 120 μm.3. The water-soluble film according to claim 1 , further comprising 5 to 100 parts by weight of a plasticizer (B) based on 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl alcohol resin (A).4. The water-soluble film according to claim 3 , wherein the plasticizer (B) comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of glycerin and sorbitol.5. The water-soluble film according to claim 1 , further comprising 0.01 to 3 parts by weight of a surfactant (C) based on 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl alcohol resin (A).6. The water-soluble film according to claim 5 , wherein the surfactant (C) comprises a surfactant having ...

ETHYLENE-VINYL ALCOHOL COPOLYMER COMPOSITION PELLET AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING SAID ETHYLENE-VINYL ALCOHOL COPOLYMER COMPOSITION PELLET

The present invention provides ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer composition pellet reduced in coloration. The ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer composition pellet of the invention include an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (A), a polyamide resin (B), and an alkaline earth metal salt (C) and have a yellowness index (YI) value of 10 or less when examined with a spectral color-difference meter by a transmission method. 1. An ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer composition pellet comprising:an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (A),a polyamide resin (B), andan alkaline earth metal salt (C),wherein a yellowness index (YI) value obtained by measuring the pellet with a spectral color-difference meter by a transmission method is 10 or less.2. The ethylene-ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer composition pellet according to claim 1 ,wherein a mass ratio ((A)/(B)) of the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (A) and the polyamide resin (B) is from 60/40 to 98/2.3. The ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer composition pellet according to claim 1 ,wherein a content of the alkaline earth metal salt (C), in terms of metal amount, is 10-200 ppm based on a sum of the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (A) and the polyamide resin (B).4. The ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer composition pellet according to claim 1 , which further contain an antioxidant.5. An ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer composition molding claim 1 , which is obtained by melt-molding the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer composition pellet according to .6. A process for producing ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer composition pellet having a yellowness index (YI) value claim 1 , as measured with a spectral color-difference meter by a transmission method claim 1 , of 10 or less claim 1 , comprising:melt-kneading a resin composition comprising an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (A), a polyamide resin (B), and an alkaline earth metal salt (C) using a melt-kneading device,wherein a temperature of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer ...

THERMALLY CONDUCTIVE POLYMERS AND METHODS FOR MAKING

A process is provided for preparing a thermally conductive polymer composite. The method includes the steps of combining a linear, hydrophilic polymer and an organic, hydrophilic additive to form a blend. The additive includes at least two polar functional groups that are capable of forming hydrogen bonds. A thermally conductive polymer is also provided. 1. A process for preparing a thermally conductive polymer composite , the method comprising the steps of:combining a linear, hydrophilic polymer and an organic, hydrophilic additive that includes at least two polar functional groups that are capable of forming hydrogen bonds, andblending to form a thermally conductive polymer composite, wherein the at least two functional groups may be the same or different.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein intermolecular interactions between the polymer and additive lead to self-ordered crystallization within the polymer composite.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the linear claim 1 , hydrophilic polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol claim 1 , linear polysaccharides claim 1 , polyamides claim 1 , polyacrylic acids claim 1 , polyacrylic amides claim 1 , polyurethanes with polyethylene glycol ether soft segments claim 1 , ethoxylated graft polymers claim 1 , and the like claim 1 , and combinations and copolymers thereof.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the organic additive is selected from the group consisting of polyols claim 1 , biopolymers claim 1 , amino acids claim 1 , aminoalcohols claim 1 , dicarboxylic acids claim 1 , and combinations thereof.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the step of combining further includes the steps of dissolving the linear claim 1 , hydrophilic polymer in aqueous solvent claim 1 , optionally at elevated temperatures claim 1 , to form a polymer solution claim 1 , dissolving the organic claim 1 , hydrophilic additive in aqueous solvent to form an additive solution claim 1 , and combining the polymer solution and ...

SPIDER-SILK-LIKE POLYMER FIBER, PREPARATION METHOD THEREFOR AND USE THEREOF

The invention relates to a spider-silk-like polymer fiber in the technical field of chemical bionics, a preparation method therefor and the use thereof. The spider-silk-like polymer fiber comprises a matrix polymer and a particle additive dispersed therein, wherein the particles have an average particle size of 0.1-1000 microns, and the polymer fiber has a spider-silk-like microstructure comprising a fiber body and spaced spindle knot structural units on the fiber body, wherein the spindle knot structural units comprise the particles, and the radial height of the spindle knot structural units is greater than the diameter of the fiber body. The preparation method of the polymer fiber of the invention does not require greatly modifying the existing spinning processes, and the equipment does not need to be changed, the process is simple, and the cost is low. The obtained spider-silk-like polymer fiber can realize the directional movement of water droplets on the surface of the fiber, thereby having a water gathering function and can be used for preparing water gathering materials. 1. A spider silk-like polymer fiber , wherein the polymer fiber comprises a matrix polymer and a microparticle additive dispersed therein , the microparticles having an average particle size of 0.1-1000 microns , and the polymer fiber having a spider silk-like microstructure comprising a fiber body and spindle knot structural units distributed at intervals on the fiber body , wherein the spindle knot structural units contain the microparticles , and the radial height of the spindle knot structural units is greater than the diameter of the fiber body.2. The polymer fiber according to claim 1 , characterized in that the spindle knot structural units has a radial height of 10-300 microns claim 1 , preferably 20-200 microns claim 1 , and more preferably 30-150 microns; an axial length of 10-1000 microns claim 1 , preferably 20-700 microns claim 1 , even more preferably 40-300 microns claim 1 , ...

HALOGEN CONTAINING POLYMER COMPOSITION WITH TIN STABILIZER AND CO-STABILIZER

The present invention relates to the thermal stabilization of halogen containing polymer compositions. More particularly the invention relates to a tin stabilizer composition for chlorine containing polymers, and more specifically a composition comprising a mono alkyltin compound as major compound of the tin stabilizer composition and a co-stabilizer. 2. The thermoplastic processable stabilized polymer composition according to claim 1 , wherein the halogen containing polymer is a chlorine containing polymer.3. The thermoplastic processable stabilized polymer composition according to wherein the tin based stabilizer composition comprises from 85 wt % to 99.99 wt % of at least one monoalkyltin compound of formula RSn(T) claim 2 , in which R is a C-Calkyl claim 2 , and T is a ligand.4. The thermoplastic processable stabilized polymer composition according to wherein the tin based stabilizer composition comprises{'sub': 2', '2, 'from 0.001 wt % to 10 wt %, of at least one di-alkyltin compound of formula RSn(T);'}{'sub': '3', 'from 0.001 wt % to 5 wt % of at least one tri-alkyltin compound of formula RSn(T); and'}from 0 wt % to 5 wt % of one or more impurities.5. The thermoplastic processable polymer composition according to claim 2 , wherein the chlorine containing polymer is chosen from among polymers or mixtures of polymers chosen from: polyvinyl chloride claim 2 , polyvinylidene chloride claim 2 , chlorinated polyvinyl chloride claim 2 , post-chlorinated polyvinyl chloride claim 2 , and copolymers formed by the polymerization of a vinyl halide monomer with up to 40% of a comonomer; and wherein the comonomer is chosen from: vinyl acetate claim 2 , vinyl butyrate claim 2 , vinylidene chloride claim 2 , propylene claim 2 , methylmethacrylate claim 2 , or a chlorine-containing polymer containing other polymers.6. The thermoplastic processable polymer composition according to claim 5 , wherein the chlorine containing polymer is chosen from PVC homopolymer claim 5 , ...

GREASE-RESISTANT FILM, GREASE-RESISTANT BASE MATERIAL, AND GREASE-RESISTANT PAPER

An oil-resistant film may be provided by an oil-resistant base material that is excellent in the oil resistance even in not only a plane part but also a bent part of a package can be obtained and also to the provision of an oil-resistant base material having the oil-resistant film and an oil-resistant paper having the oil-resistant film. An oil-resistant film may contain a polyvinyl alcohol-based polymer (A) and a polymer particle (B) containing a polymer having a glass transition temperature of 40° C. or lower, wherein the content of the polymer particle (B) is 1 part by mass or more and less than 150 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the polyvinyl alcohol-based polymer (A); and an oil-resistant base material (oil-resistant paper) having the oil-resistant film on a base material (paper). 1. An oil-resistant film comprising a polyvinyl alcohol-based polymer (A) and a polymer particle (B) containing a polymer having a glass transition temperature of 40° C. or lower , wherein the content of the polymer particle (B) is 1 part by mass or more and less than 150 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the polyvinyl alcohol-based polymer (A).2. The oil-resistant film according to claim 1 , wherein a number average molecular weight of the polymer particle (B) is 5 claim 1 ,000 or more.3. The oil-resistant film of claim 1 , wherein an average particle diameter of the polymer particle (B) is 10 to 500 nm.4. The oil-resistant film of claim 1 , wherein the polymer particle (B) is a (meth)acrylic acid ester-based polymer particle.5. The oil-resistant film of claim 1 , wherein the polymer particle (B) is a (meth)acrylic acid ester-based homopolymer particle.6. The oil-resistant film of claim 1 , wherein the polymer particle (B) contains a dispersant containing an ionic group.7. The oil-resistant oil film according to claim 6 , wherein the ionic group is at least one selected from the group consisting of an anionic group and a salt of an anionic group.8. The oil- ...

SAPONIFIED ETHYLENE-VINYL ESTER COPOLYMER RESIN COMPOSITION, RESIN TUBE FOR HIGH-PRESSURE GAS OR RESIN LINER FOR COMPOSITE CONTAINER, AND HIGH-PRESSURE GAS HOSE OR COMPOSITE CONTAINER

The present invention relates to a resin composition having gas barrier properties, which has excellent low-temperature characteristics and resistance to hydrogen brittleness without greatly detracting from gas barrier properties, and which can contribute to improve durability when used as a resin tube for high-pressure gas or as a resin liner for a composite container. Provided is an EVOH resin composition comprising: a fluororesin (A) having a functional group capable of interacting, or reacting, with a hydroxyl group; a thermoplastic resin (B) having a carboxyl group or an acid anhydride group (however, the fluororesin (A) and a saponified ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer (EVOH) having a carboxyl group or an acid anhydride group are excluded); and an EVOH (C). 1. A saponified ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer resin composition comprising:a fluororesin (A) having a functional group capable of interacting, or reacting, with a hydroxyl group;a thermoplastic resin (B) having a carboxyl group or an acid anhydride group (wherein, the fluororesin (A) and saponified ethylene-vinyl ester copolymers having a carboxyl group or an acid anhydride group are excluded); anda saponified ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer (C).2. The saponified ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein the percentage content of the functional group capable of interacting claim 1 , or reacting claim 1 , with a hydroxyl group in the fluororesin (A) is 0.01 to 10 mol %.3. The saponified ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein the volumetric flow rate of the fluororesin (A) is 0.1 to 1000 mm/s.4. The saponified ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic resin (B) is an acid-modified ethylene-α-olefin copolymer rubber.5. The saponified ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein the melt flow rate (230° C. claim 1 , 2160 g load) of the ...

AQUEOUS TWO-PHASE SYSTEMS

The aqueous two phase systems (ATPS) contain partly urethanized PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) and hydrophobically modified cyclocopolymers formed from the monomers diallylammonioethanoate, 0-3 mol % dodecyldiallylammonium chloride and sulphur dioxide, the copolymers having varying proportions of polybetaine (PB) and anionic polyelectrolyte (APE) fractions. The aqueous two-phase systems are useful in the separation and purification of biomaterials. 1. An aqueous two-phase system , comprising an aqueous solution containing a first phase including partly urethanized polyvinyl alcohol (UPVA) and a second phase including a pH-responsive , hydrophobically modified cyclocopolymer formed from the monomers diallylammonioethanoate , sulphur dioxide , and up to 3 mol % dodecyldiallylammonium chloride.2. The aqueous two-phase system according to claim 1 , wherein the molar percentage of dodecyldiallylammonium chloride is 0%.3. The aqueous two-phase system according to claim 1 , wherein the molar percentage of dodecyldiallylammonium chloride is 1%.4. The aqueous two-phase system according to claim 1 , wherein the molar percentage of dodecyldiallylammonium chloride is 3%.5. The aqueous two-phase system according to claim 1 , wherein the partly urethanized polyvinyl alcohol (UPVA) is 10% urethanized.7. The method for forming an aqueous two-phase system according to claim 6 , wherein 1.3 equivalents of NaOH are used.8. The method for forming an aqueous two-phase system according to claim 6 , wherein 1.7 equivalents of NaOH are used.9. The method for forming an aqueous two-phase system according to claim 6 , wherein the concentration of the NaCl solution is 0.1N.10. The method for forming an aqueous two-phase system according to claim 6 , wherein the concentration of the NaCl solution is 0.4N. 1. Field of the InventionThe present invention relates to extraction solvents, and particularly to aqueous two phase systems that contain partly urethanized PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) and a copolymer ...

OXYGEN-TIGHT FOOD CONTAINER

The invention relates to a food packaging unit () comprising a food container () for receiving a liquid, pasty or free-flowing food. The injection-moulded, single-component, cup-shaped base body () of the food container surrounds, with a wall (), a bottom () and an outwardly projecting collar (), an opening () which is closed by a food-container-covering film () applied to the collar (). The food container () is injection-moulded in a single layer from a polymer blend comprising two components, a first component of which being PVOH or a PVOH copolymer. The food-container-covering film (), which can be applied to the plastic food container () in order to close the opening () by sealing, welding or adhesion, comprises a cellulose-containing layer which is coated with PVOH, or a PVOH polymer blend layer. 121.-. (canceled)22. A food container for receiving a liquid , pasty or free-flowing food , comprising a single-component , injection-molded , cup-shaped base body with a wall , a bottom , and an outwardly projecting collar , which surrounds an opening , characterized in that the food container is injection-molded in a single layer from a polymer blend , wherein the polymer blend comprises at least two components , of which a first component is PVOH or a PVOH copolymer and a second component is a PE , PS , PP , or PA plastic or a biodegradable biopolymer , and the weight proportion of PVOH in the polymer blend is between 15% by weight and 70% by weight.23. The food container according to claim 22 , in which the biopolymer is a compostable plastic in accordance with EN 13432 and/or EN 14995.24. The food container according to claim 22 , in which the side of the collar facing away from the opening has a seal claim 22 , which has a lower material hardness than the polymer blend material.25. The food container according to claim 24 , in which the material of the seal is biodegradable in accordance with EN 13432 and/or EN 14995.26. A food container cover film claim 24 , ...

Moldable compositions and methods of using thereof

The present invention provides moldable compositions that are capable of resisting slumping and cracking when allowed to dry and harden. Embodiments of the moldable composition comprise water, fillers including arrowroot and kaolin clay, at least one polar polymeric resin (e.g., polyvinyl alcohol), at least one thickening agent (e.g., ammonium pentaborate tetrahydrate), one or more pH adjusters (e.g., triethanolamine, sodium bicarbonate), a humectant (e.g., propylene glycol, glycerin), optionally at least one releasing agent (e.g., mineral oil), and optionally at least one additive.

Fiber reinforced polypropylene composite

The present invention relates to a new composite comprising glass or carbon fibers and polymer-based fibers as well as to a process for the preparation of the composite and molded articles made from said composite.

POLY(VINYL ALCOHOL) FILM AND PRODUCTION METHOD FOR POLARIZING FILM

The present invention relates to a polyvinyl alcohol film comprising a vinyl alcohol-based polymer, wherein, when the polyvinyl alcohol film is measured by a solid echo method using pulse NMR at 60° C. for waveform separation of a free induction decay curve of 1H spin-spin relaxation into three curves derived from three components a component A, a component B, and a component C in order of short relaxation time, the component B has a resulting relaxation time of 0.03 milliseconds or more and 0.05 milliseconds or less, and a resulting component ratio of 30% or more and 50% or less. From the polyvinyl alcohol film according to the present invention, a polarizing film having good polarization performance can be manufactured without the occurrence of unevenness of dyeing. 1. A polyvinyl alcohol film comprising a vinyl alcohol-based polymer ,wherein, when the polyvinyl alcohol film is measured by a solid echo method using pulse NMR at 60° C. for waveform separation of a free induction decay curve of 1H spin-spin relaxation into three curves derived from three components a component A, a component B, and a component C in order of short relaxation time, the component B has a resulting relaxation time of 0.03 milliseconds or more and 0.05 milliseconds or less, and a resulting component ratio of 30% or more and 50% or less.2. The polyvinyl alcohol film according to claim 1 , wherein the vinyl alcohol-based polymer has a degree of saponification of 99 mol % or more.3. The polyvinyl alcohol film according to claim 1 , wherein the vinyl alcohol-based polymer has a degree of polymerization of 1500 or more and 4000 or less.4. The polyvinyl alcohol film according to claim 1 , comprising a plasticizer.5. The polyvinyl alcohol film according to claim 1 , for use in a polarizing film.6. A method for manufacturing a polarizing film comprising using the polyvinyl alcohol film according to .7. The method for manufacturing a polarizing film according to claim 6 , comprising steps of ...

METHODS AND POLYMER-CONTAINING FORMULATIONS FOR TREATING RETINAL DETACHMENT AND OTHER OCULAR DISORDERS

The invention provides methods and polymer-containing formulations for treating retinal detachment and other ocular disorders, where the methods employ polymer compositions that can form a hydrogel in the eye of a subject. The hydrogel is formed by reaction of (a) a nucleo-functional polymer is a biocompatible polyalkylene polymer substituted by (i) a plurality of —OH groups, (ii) a plurality of thio-functional groups —R—SH wherein Ris an ester-containing linker, and (iii) optionally one or more —OC(O)—(C-Calkyl) groups, such as a thiolated poly(vinyl alcohol) polymer and (ii) an electro-functional polymer that is a biocompatible polymer containing at least one thiol-reactive group, such as a poly(ethylene glycol) polymer containing alpha-beta unsaturated ester groups. Formulations are provided containing a nucleo-functional polymer, a poly(ethylene glycol) polymer, and an aqueous pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, for use in the therapeutic methods. 130-. (canceled)31. A method of forming a retinal tamponade in an eye of a subject having undergone a vitrectomy for repair of a retinal detachment or macular hole , the method comprising: (i) a first formulation comprising an electro-functional polymer and', '(ii) a second formulation comprising a nucleo-functional polymer about 1% to about 3% w/v of a poly(ethylene glycol) polymer having a number-average molecular weight in the range of from about 200 g/mol to about 1,000 g/mol, and', '(iii) an aqueous pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and having a viscosity within 300% of water;, 'a. injecting into the vitreous cavity of the eye of the subject having undergone a vitrectomy for repair of a retinal detachment or macular hole a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of'}wherein the pharmaceutical composition has a viscosity of less than 100 cP, andb. allowing the nucleo-functional polymer and the electro-functional polymer to react in the pharmaceutical composition to form a hydrogel in the ...

Resin Composition and Multilayered Structure Using Same

A resin composition is provided, wherein polymer particles are dispersed in a matrix of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer and the polymer particles have a sea-island structure, and one of a sea component and an island component has a glass transition temperature of 30° C. or more and the other has a glass transition temperature of −10° C. or less. The resin composition has high gas barrier properties and is also excellent in impact resistance, particularly impact resistance at low temperatures. 1. A resin composition , whereinpolymer particles are dispersed in a matrix of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer andthe polymer particles have a sea-island structure, and one of a sea component and an island component has a glass transition temperature of 30° C. or more and the other has a glass transition temperature of −10° C. or less.2. The resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein the sea component has a glass transition temperature of −10° C. or less and the island component has a glass transition temperature of 30° C. or more.3. The resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein an area ratio of a polymer component with a glass transition temperature of 30° C. or more to a polymer component with a glass transition temperature of −10° C. or less is from 5/95 to 70/30 in a transmission electron microscope image of a cross section of the polymer particles.4. The resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer particles have a surface covered with a film formed of a same polymer component as the island component.5. The resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer particles aggregate and form secondary particles.6. The resin composition according to claim 5 , wherein the polymer particles have an average primary particle diameter from 0.2 to 1 μm.7. The resin composition according to claim 5 , wherein the polymer particles have an average secondary particle diameter from 1.1 to 10 μm.8. The resin composition according to claim 1 , ...

WATER SOLUBLE & DEGRADABLE ELASTOMERIC COMPOSITIONS AND METHOD FOR MAKING THEREOF

Embodiments disclosed herein relate generally to compositions having water soluble and/or degradable and elastomeric properties. 1. A degradable-elastomeric composition as described herein.2. The composition of comprising a polymeric input.3. The composition of comprising a soluble input.4. The composition of comprising at least one degradable polymeric input.5. The composition of further comprising at least one stabilizer.6. The composition of any one of - claim 4 , wherein the at least one degradable polymeric compound is cross-linked.7. The composition of any one of - further comprising at least one additive.8. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the at least one additive is cross-linked.9. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the at least one additive is a stabilizer.10. The composition of any one of - claim 7 , wherein the input is any soluble or degradable polymer claim 7 , chemical claim 7 , compound claim 7 , blend claim 7 , composite claim 7 , or substance that is an additive or component utilized to produce the soluble or degradable elastomeric compositions.11. The composition of any one of - claim 7 , wherein the input includes at least soluble polymers claim 7 , degradable biopolymers claim 7 , additives for cross linking claim 7 , UV curing claim 7 , foaming claim 7 , fillers claim 7 , compatibilizers claim 7 , or processing aids.12. A degradable-elastomeric composition comprising polyvinyl acetate (PVA) and/or polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) compounded with glycol.13. A degradable-elastomeric composition comprising a shear-mixed Elmer's Glue® with glycol.14. A degradable-elastomeric composition comprising ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) compounded with glycol. This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 63/062,416, filed Aug. 6, 2020, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.The present disclosure relates generally to compositions having water soluble and/or degradable and elastomeric ...

SHALE SWELLING INHIBITORS

The present invention provides amidic polymers, which exhibit shale swelling inhibitor activity having improved bio-degradability. The amidic polymers of the invention may be employed in a wide variety of compositions, particularly in subterranean drilling operations. Non-limiting generic structures of the amidic polymers are set out below: (1) wherein R-Rand integers m and n are defined herein. 113-. (canceled)14. An amidic polymer comprising a (a) polymer having a hydroxyl group reacted with a (c) vinyl amide to provide the amidic polymer.15. The amidic polymer according to claim 14 , wherein the (a) polymer having a hydroxyl group is selected from the group consisting of partially and fully hydrolyzed poly(vinyl alcohol)s claim 14 , polysaccharides claim 14 , and mixtures thereof.16. The amidic polymer according to claim 15 , wherein the polysaccharides are derived from celluloses claim 15 , hydroxyethyl celluloses claim 15 , carboxymethyl celluloses claim 15 , hydroxyethyl celluloses claim 15 , hydropropyl celluloses claim 15 , hydroxypropyl methyl celluloses claim 15 , ethyl celluloses claim 15 , carageenans claim 15 , chitosans claim 15 , chondroitin sulfates claim 15 , heparins claim 15 , hyaluronic acids claim 15 , starches claim 15 , chitins claim 15 , perctins claim 15 , guars claim 15 , xanthans claim 15 , dextrans claim 15 , welan gums claim 15 , gellan gums claim 15 , diutans claim 15 , pullulana claim 15 , and mixtures thereof.17. The amidic polymer according to claim 14 , wherein the (c) vinyl amide is selected from the group consisting of N-vinyl pyrrolidone; N-vinyl piperidone; N-vinyl caprolactam; N-vinyl-3-methyl pyrrolidone; N-vinyl-4-methyl pyrrolidone; N-vinyl-5-methyl pyrrolidone; N-vinyl-3-ethyl pyrrolidone; N-vinyl-3-butyl pyrrolidone; N-vinyl-3 claim 14 ,3-dimethyl pyrrolidone; N-vinyl-4 claim 14 ,5-dimethyl pyrrolidone; N-vinyl-5 claim 14 ,5-dimethyl pyrrolidone; N-vinyl-3 claim 14 ,3 claim 14 ,5-trimethyl pyrrolidone; N-vinyl-5-methyl-5- ...

WATER SOLUBLE SHOPPING BAG AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF

A water-soluble shopping bag and a preparation method thereof. The water-soluble shopping bag consists of the following components according to the following parts by weight: 100 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 8-20 parts of a composite plasticizer; 10-30 parts of a polysaccharide and the derivative thereof; 1-5 parts of a processing aid, 0.1-0.5 parts of a film slipping agent and 0.5-3.0 parts of a film anti-blocking agent. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the components according to the parts by weight, extruding the mixture to form pellets after mixing, then performing blow molding to form a film, and then preparing various types and sizes of water-soluble shopping bags. The water-soluble shopping bag has higher bearing capacity and cold water solubility, is suitable for use in water-free environment, and dissolves upon contacting water without producing pollution after being used. 2. The water-soluble shopping bag according to claim 1 , wherein the polyvinyl alcohol is selected from partially alcoholized polyvinyl alcohol with a polymerization degree of 300 to 2400 and an alcoholysis degree of 88% claim 1 , which specifically comprises more than one powder materials with brand names of PVA-0388 claim 1 , PVA-0588 claim 1 , PVA-1788 claim 1 , PVA-2088 claim 1 , PVA-2288 and PVA-2488.3. The water-soluble shopping bag according to claim 1 , wherein the composite plasticizer comprises polyol claim 1 , polyol ether and fatty acid amine or fatty alcohol amine claim 1 , and the composite plasticizer is composed of polyol claim 1 , polyol ether and fatty acid amine or fatty alcohol amine in a mass ratio of 6:3:1.4. The water-soluble shopping bag according to claim 3 , wherein the polyol is water-soluble polyol claim 3 , which comprises one of glycerol claim 3 , ethylene glycol claim 3 , diethylene glycol claim 3 , sorbitol claim 3 , trimethylolpropane claim 3 , pentaerythritol and mannitol.5. The water-soluble shopping bag according to claim 1 , ...

PRESSURE-SENSITIVE-ADHESIVE-LAYER-ATTACHED ONE-SIDE-PROTECTED POLARIZING FILM, IMAGE DISPLAY DEVICE, AND METHOD FOR CONTINUOUSLY PRODUCING SAME

This pressure-sensitive-adhesive-layer-attached one-side-protected polarizing film has a polarizer that contains a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin, contains 20 wt % or less of boric acid relative to the total quantity of the polarizer, has a thickness of 10 μm or less, and has prescribed optical characteristics. The film thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is less than 50 μm, and if the storage elastic modulus of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer at 23° C. is termed G (Pa) and the film thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is termed H (μm), G>210eis satisfied when 50>H≥32, and G>35000eis satisfied when 32>H>0. In this pressure-sensitive-adhesive-layer-attached one-side-protected polarizing film, the polarizer has prescribed optical characteristics, and defects resulting from through cracks and nano-slits can be suppressed. 1. A pressure-sensitive-adhesive-layer-attached one-side-protected polarizing film , which comprises a one-side-protected polarizing film having a protective film on only one side of a polarizer , and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer on the polarizer side of the one-side-protected polarizing film , wherein{'sup': '0.929T−42.4', 'the polarizer comprises a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin, comprises 20% by weight or less of boric acid relative to a total quantity of the polarizer, has a thickness of 10 μm or less, and is designed to have a single-body transmittance T and a polarization degree P representing optical properties satisfying the condition of the following formula: P>−(10−1)×100 (provided that T<42.3) or P≥99.9 (provided that T≥42.3),'}{'sup': 0.2035H', '0.0433H, 'a film thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is less than 50 μm, and if a storage elastic modulus of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer at 23° C. is termed G (Pa) and a film thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is termed H (μm), G>210eis satisfied when 50>H≥32, and G>35000eis satisfied when 32>H>0.'}2. The pressure- ...

Methods And Systems For Generating Nanoparticles

In one aspect, the present invention provides a process for forming polymeric nanoparticles, which comprises using a static mixer to create a mixed flowing stream of an anti-solvent, e.g., by introducing a liquid anti-solvent into a static mixer, and introducing a polymer solution into the mixed flowing anti-solvent stream such that controlled precipitation of polymeric nanoparticles occurs. The nanoparticles can then be separated from the anti-solvent stream. 1136-. (canceled)137. A population of polymeric nanoparticles , comprising:a plurality of polymeric nanoparticles having an amphiphilic co-polymer as at least one constituent,wherein said polymeric nanoparticles exhibit an average particle size equal to or less than about 100 nm and a polydispersity index in a range of about 0.05 to about 0.1. The present application claims priority to a provisional application entitled “Methods and systems for generating nanoparticles” filed Mar. 26, 2010 and having a Ser. No. 61/317,783, which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.The present invention relates generally to methods, devices and systems for fabricating nanoparticles, and more particularly to such methods, devices and systems that can be employed to generate polymeric nanoparticles.A variety of methods are known for generating nanoparticles. In one such method, commonly known as nanoprecipitation or flash precipitation, a polymer solution comprising a polymer dissolved in a process solvent is brought into contact with another solvent (also known as anti-solvent) in which the process solvent is miscible but the polymer is not. As a result, the process solvent diffuses rapidly into the anti-solvent while the polymer aggregates into a plurality of nanoparticles.The conventional nanoprecipitation processes, however, suffer from a number of shortcomings. For example, it is difficult to control predictably the average particle size and the size distribution of the generated nanoparticles. Further, many ...

IMAGEABLE EMBOLIC MICROSPHERE

This invention concerns imageable, radiopaque embolic beads, which are particularly useful for monitoring embolization procedures. The beads comprise iodine containing compounds which are covalently incorporated into the polymer network of a preformed hydrogel bead. The beads are prepared by activating pre-formed hydrogel beads towards nucleophilic attack and then covalently attaching iodinated compounds into the polymer network. The radiopaque beads may be loaded with chemotherapeutic agents and used in methods of embolizing hyperplastic tissue or solid tumors. 1. An activated hydrogel bead which has been activated towards nucleophilic substitution reaction with carbonyl diimidazole or carbodiimide.2. An activated hydrogel bead according to in which the hydrogel comprises a polyhydroxy polymer such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or copolymers of vinyl alcohol.3. An activated hydrogel bead according to or in which the hydrogel has a polymer backbone with a 1 claim 1 ,2-diol and/or a 1 claim 1 ,3-diol structure to enable crosslinking with an acrylic monomer.4. An activated hydrogel bead according to in which the acrylic monomer is 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS).5. An activated hydrogel bead according to any of to in which hydroxyl moieties on and/or within the preformed hydrogel bead are activated by reaction with carbonyldiimidazole.6. A method of activating a hydrogel bead towards nucleophilic substitution comprising the steps of: (i) suspending hydrogel beads in organic solvent until they have swollen; (ii) adding carbonyldiimidazole or a carbodiimide to the suspension of swollen beads in solvent claim 3 , in the presence of a catalytic amount of a base and under anhydrous conditions to achieve activation.7. A method according to which further comprises step (iii) in which the activated beads are filtered and washed with organic solvent to provide purified activated beads.8. A radiopaque hydrogel bead comprising the activated hydrogel bead of any of ...

PIGMENT COMPOSITIONS

A pigment composition may include an inorganic particulate material, a multivalent metal salt, and a non ionic dispersant. A substrate may be coated with an aqueous coating composition including the pigment composition. The substrate may be a paper product. 1. A pigment composition comprising an inorganic particulate material , a multivalent metal salt and a non ionic dispersant.2. A pigment composition according to claim 1 , wherein the inorganic particulate material is selected from one or more of: an alkaline earth metal carbonate or sulphate claim 1 , a hydrous kandite clay claim 1 , an anhydrous kandite clay claim 1 , talc or mica.3. A pigment composition according to claim 1 , wherein the inorganic particulate material is selected from one or more of: calcium carbonate claim 1 , magnesium carbonate claim 1 , dolomite claim 1 , gypsum claim 1 , kaolin claim 1 , ball clay claim 1 , metakaolin claim 1 , fully calcined kaolin.48-. (canceled)9. A pigment composition according to any one of claim 1 , wherein the inorganic particulate material has a dof about 0.1 μm to about 2 μm.1011-. (canceled)12. A pigment composition according to any one of claim 1 , wherein the inorganic particulate material has a particle size distribution steepness factor of about 25 to about 70.1314-. (canceled)15. A pigment composition according to any one of claim 1 , wherein the multivalent metal salt is a divalent metal salt.16. A pigment composition according to claim 15 , wherein the divalent metal salt is an alkaline metal salt.17. A pigment composition according to claim 16 , wherein the alkaline metal salt is a calcium or magnesium or barium salt.18. A pigment composition according to any one of claim 1 , wherein the anion of the metal salt is selected from chloride claim 1 , sulphate claim 1 , nitrate or hydroxide.1924-. (canceled)25. A pigment composition according to claim 1 , wherein the non ionic dispersant is a polymer and comprises alkylene oxide monomers.26. A pigment ...

MULTILAYERED STRUCTURE WITH WATER-IMPERMEABLE SUBSTRATE

In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a multi-layered structure includes: 1. A multilayered structure comprising:a) a water-impermeable substrate;b) a first layer on at least one surface of the substrate comprising a water-based tie-layer composition; i) a multivalent metal salt; and', 'ii) a hydrophilic binder polymer;, 'c) a second layer formed over the first layer, wherein the second layer is a water-based ink-receptive composition comprisingd) a third layer including at least one water-based ink composition deposited in a single pass by an inkjet printing process, wherein the water-based ink composition comprises an anionically stabilized, water-dispersible pigment; and i) an opaque white layer;', 'ii) a protective layer; and', 'iii) an adhesive layer, further comprising a continuous protective plastic or paper layer adhered thereto,, 'e) additional water-based layers deposited over the one or more ink layers and exposed second layer, the additional layers selected from one or more of the following compositions{'sup': '2', 'wherein the dry coverage of the second layer is less than 1.5 g/m.'}2. The multilayered structure of claim 1 , wherein the water-impermeable substrate is selected from polyesters claim 1 , polyimides claim 1 , polycarbonates claim 1 , polystyrenes claim 1 , polyolefins claim 1 , polyurethanes claim 1 , polyvinyl acetates claim 1 , polyvinyl chlorides claim 1 , polyvinylidene chlorides claim 1 , and copolymers claim 1 , mixtures claim 1 , co-extrudates claim 1 , or laminates thereof.3. The multilayered structure of claim 1 , wherein the water-based tie-layer comprises polyvinyl alcohol claim 1 , polyvinyl amine claim 1 , gelatin claim 1 , poly(ethyleneimine) claim 1 , epoxy resins claim 1 , polyurethane claim 1 , polyacrylamide claim 1 , and derivatives claim 1 , copolymers claim 1 , and blends thereof.4. The multilayered structure of claim 1 , wherein the water-based tie-layer comprises a polymer or copolymer comprising ...

Resin composition and molded body thereof

The present invention provides a resin composition having superior flexibility and that exhibits excellent durability in thermal molding, and a molded body of such a resin composition. The present invention relates to a resin composition comprising: a copolymer (B) constituted of a vinyl alcohol polymer (B-1) region and a diene polymer (B-2) region; and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a phenol-based compound (C), an amine-based compound (D), and a phosphorus-based compound (E).

Pressure-sensitive-adhesive-layer-attached polarizing film, method for producing same, and image display device and method for continuously producing same

The pressure-sensitive-adhesive-layer-attached polarizing film of the present invention has, in this order, a polarizer containing a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin, a transparent resin layer containing a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, wherein the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is formed from a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition containing at least 0.1 parts by weight of an alkali metal salt with respect to 100 parts by weight of a base polymer, and satisfying the general expression (Y/X)≦3, where X is the abundance ratio of the alkali metal salt in a center part in the thickness direction of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and Y is the abundance ratio of the alkali metal salt in the interface between the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the transparent resin layer. In the pressure-sensitive-adhesive-layer-attached polarizing film, the anchoring power of the transparent resin layer and the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is good, and the antistatic function of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is also good.

OXYGEN-TIGHT PLASTIC, AND PACKAGING MATERIAL PRODUCED THEREFROM

The invention relates to a polymer blend comprising 15 to 70 Wt. % of polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) and/or of a PVOH copolymer as well as 30 to 85 Wt. % of a further polymer, to a method for preparing a polymer blend, to the use of a polymer blend for producing a packaging material and to a packaging material. The packaging material obtained from the polymer blend is characterized in particular by a low gas permeability and can be produced by means of cost-effective methods. 122-. (canceled)23. Polymer blend for producing a packaging material with low gas permeability , characterized in that the polymer blend comprises polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) and/or a PVOH copolymer as well as a further polymer , wherein the mass-related mixing ratio lies in the range from 15 to 70% w/w polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) and/or a PVOH copolymer and 30 to 85% w/w of a further polymer , and the further polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene (PE) , polypropylene (PP) , polyamide (PA) , and polystyrene (PS) , or a biodegradable polymer , particularly a plastic compostable according to EN 13432 and/or EN 14995.24. Polymer blend according to claim 23 , wherein the biodegradable polymer is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic and aliphatic-aromatic polyesters claim 23 , polyester amides claim 23 , polylactic acids claim 23 , polyhydroxy fatty acids claim 23 , starch and derivatives claim 23 , proteins claim 23 , lignins claim 23 , and cellulose derivatives.25. Polymer blend according to claim 23 , obtainable by mixing claim 23 , fusing claim 23 , and compacting polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) and/or a PVOH copolymer and the further polymer claim 23 , resulting in a homogenous mixture in the melt.26. Polymer blend according to claim 25 , wherein the homogenous mixture can be produced by means of an extruder or an injection molding machine screw.27. Polymer blend according to claim 25 , wherein the homogenous mixture can subsequently be subjected to granulation or a primary ...

POLY(VINYL ALCOHOL) FILM AND PRODUCTION METHOD FOR POLARIZING FILM

A polyvinyl alcohol film comprising a vinyl alcohol-based polymer, wherein, when the polyvinyl alcohol film is measured by a solid echo method using pulse NMR at 80° C. for waveform separation of a free induction decay curve of 1H spin-spin relaxation into three curves derived from three components a component A, a component B, and a component C in order of short relaxation time, the component A has a resulting relaxation time of 0.0083 milliseconds or more and 0.0093 milliseconds or less, and a resulting component ratio of 10% or more and 35% or less. 1. A polyvinyl alcohol film comprising a vinyl alcohol-based polymer ,wherein, when the polyvinyl alcohol film is measured by a solid echo method using pulse NMR at 80° C. for waveform separation of a free induction decay curve of 1H spin-spin relaxation into three curves derived from three components a component A, a component B, and a component C in order of short relaxation time, the component A has a resulting relaxation time of 0.0083 milliseconds or more and 0.0093 milliseconds or less, and a resulting component ratio of 10% or more and 35% or less.2. The polyvinyl alcohol film according to claim 1 , wherein the vinyl alcohol-based polymer has a degree of saponification of 99 mol % or more.3. The polyvinyl alcohol film according to claim 1 , wherein the vinyl alcohol-based polymer has a degree of polymerization of 2000 or more and 4000 or less.4. The polyvinyl alcohol film according to claim 1 , comprising a plasticizer.5. The polyvinyl alcohol film according to claim 1 , for use in a polarizing film.6. A method for manufacturing a polarizing film comprising using the polyvinyl alcohol film according to .7. The method for manufacturing a polarizing film according to claim 6 , comprising steps of dyeing the polyvinyl alcohol film claim 6 , stretching the polyvinyl alcohol film claim 6 , and performing a fixation treatment to the dyed polyvinyl alcohol film.8. The method for manufacturing a polarizing film ...

Three-dimensional porous biodegradable cell scaffold

Disclosed are composites comprising water-soluble polymeric fibers dispersed in a biodegradable polymer matrix, as well as methods of making and using such composites.

RESIN COMPOSITION AND USE THEREOF

Disclosed is a resin composition comprising a melt-moldable side chain 1,2-diol-containing PVA-based resin (A), and fluororesin containing a polar functional group capable of reacting with or forming hydrogen bond(s) with hydroxyl group (B). The component (A) and the component (B) have excellent affinity, and therefore if either the component (A) or component (B) becomes matrix, the other can be finely dispersed into the matrix, thus providing a resin composition having excellent gas-barrier property, solvent resistance, and bending fatigue resistance. The present invention also provides emulsified dispersion and binder in which the resin composition is used. 2. The resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein the polar functional group is carbonyl-containing group or hydroxyl group.3. The resin composition according to claim 2 , wherein the carbonyl-containing group is at least one selected from the group consisting of carbonate group claim 2 , haloformyl group claim 2 , aldehyde group claim 2 , ketone group claim 2 , carboxyl group claim 2 , alkoxycarbonyl group claim 2 , carboxylic anhydride group claim 2 , and isocyanate group.4. The resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein the (B) polar functional group-containing fluororesin is a copolymer containing at least of tetrafluoroethylene as a constituent monomer.5. The resin composition according to claim 4 , wherein the (B) polar functional group-containing fluororesin further contains ethylene as a constituent monomer thereof.6. The resin composition according to claim 5 , wherein the (B) fluororesin constituting the polar functional group-containing fluororesin is one selected from the group consisting of ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene-based copolymer claim 5 , ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene/hexafluoropropylene-based copolymer claim 5 , ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene/CH═CH—Rf (Rf is perfluoroalkyl group having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms)-based copolymer claim 5 , and ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene/ ...

MULTIFUNCTIONAL CLAY COMPOSITION

The present invention relates to a multifunctional clay composition which can be used as a clay capable of performing various workings before drying and which can be used as writing instruments similar to crayons, pastels or colored pencils after drying, and to a process for preparing the same. The multifunctional clay composition may comprise an extender material; a binder; a multifunctional crosslinking agent including a compound having a hydroxyl group of two or more functionality, or forming an ion having a hydroxyl group of two or more functionality in a water solvent; a wax and a pigment. 1. A multifunctional clay composition comprising:an extender material;a binder containing a crosslinkable water-soluble resin or compound;a multifunctional crosslinking agent comprising a compound having a hydroxyl group of two or more functionality, or forming an ion having a hydroxyl group of two or more functionality in a water solvent;a wax; anda pigment.2. The multifunctional clay composition according to wherein the extender material includes one or more selected from the group consisting of kaolin-based clay claim 1 , talc claim 1 , calcium carbonate claim 1 , magnesium carbonate and mica.3. The multifunctional clay composition according to wherein the binder includes cellulose-based polymer or PVA-based polymer.4. The multifunctional clay composition according to wherein the multifunctional crosslinking agent includes a boric acid (B(OH)) claim 1 , a borate-based salt compound or complex forming a borate-based ion in a water solvent5. The multifunctional clay composition according to wherein the wax includes one or more waxes selected from the group consisting of a microcrystalline wax claim 1 , a paraffin wax claim 1 , a liquid paraffin claim 1 , a petrolatum claim 1 , a bees wax claim 1 , a wool wax claim 1 , a carnauba wax claim 1 , a candelilla wax claim 1 , a PE wax claim 1 , a PP wax and a synthetic wax.6. The multifunctional clay composition according to ...

Glue-Bonded Multi-Ply Absorbent Sheet and Polyvinyl Alcohol Ply Bonding Adhesive

A multi-ply absorbent sheet includes a first absorbent ply of cellulosic sheet; a second absorbent ply of cellulosic sheet; and a ply bonding adhesive interposed between the first absorbent ply and the second absorbent ply, the ply-bonding adhesive thereby adhering said absorbent plies together. The ply-bonding adhesive comprises polyvinyl alcohol and nanofibrillated cellulose. In a particularly preferred embodiment the adhesive is applied as a dilute aqueous composition to tissue plies and the nanofibrillated cellulose has a Characteristic Breaking Length of 6.5 km or above. 1. A method of making absorbent sheet comprising:(a) feeding a first absorbent cellulosic basesheet to an embossing nip;(b) embossing a pattern of raised embossments in said first basesheet;(c) applying an aqueous adhesive containing polyvinyl alcohol and nanofibrillated cellulose to the raised embossments of said first sheet; and(d) plying a second absorbent cellulosic basesheet with said first sheet by pressing said second cellulosic sheet to the adhesive disposed on the raised embossments of said first cellulosic sheet.2. The method of making a multi-ply absorbent sheet according to claim 1 , wherein said nanofibrillated cellulose exhibits a Characteristic Nanofiber Viscosity reduction of at least 80% as the shear rate is increased from 5 secto 500 sec.3. The method of making a multi-ply absorbent sheet according to claim 1 , wherein said nanofibrillated cellulose has a Characteristic Breaking Length of at least 3 km.4. The method of making a multi-ply absorbent sheet according to claim 3 , wherein said nanofibrillated cellulose has a Characteristic Breaking Length of from 3 km to 10 km.5. The method of making a multi-ply absorbent sheet according to claim 4 , wherein said nanofibrillated cellulose has a Characteristic Breaking Length of from 4.5 km to 9 km.6. The method of making a multi-ply absorbent sheet according to claim 5 , wherein said nanofibrillated cellulose has a Characteristic ...

SPRAYABLE POLYMERS AS ADHESION BARRIERS

A formulation for generating an adhesion barrier that includes a plurality of particles or a dry powder that is made of a polymer combination of at least one biodegradable polymer and at least one water soluble polymer is disclosed. Methods of making and delivering the formulation are further disclosed. The formulation of particles is deposited on a surface of internal body tissue and the deposited formulation absorbs moisture from the tissue and forms a film over the surface. The film acts as an adhesion barrier by reducing or preventing adhesion of the surface to other body tissue. 127-. (canceled)29. The formulation of claim 28 , wherein the particles swell and overlap when the particles absorb moisture claim 28 , wherein the swelling and overlap facilitates the formation of the film that reduces or prevents the adhesion.30. The formulation of claim 28 , wherein the plurality of particles is uniformly suspended in a liquid claim 28 , wherein the liquid has a boiling point below 0° C.31. The formulation of claim 28 , wherein when exposed to moisture claim 28 , the particles absorb between 1 to 80 wt % water.32. The formulation of claim 28 , wherein the film loses strength at a time between 30-60 days after the absorption of the moisture.33. The formulation of claim 28 , further comprising a therapeutic agent selected from the group consisting of an anti-inflammatory claim 28 , anti-infective claim 28 , hemostatic claim 28 , chemotherapeutic claim 28 , and any combination thereof.34. The formulation of claim 33 , wherein the anti-inflammatory agent is a corticosteroid.35. The formulation of claim 28 , wherein the particles comprise PLGA claim 28 , wherein the ratio of L-lactide to glycolide in the PLGA is from 10/90 to 85/15.36. The formulation of claim 28 , whereinthe PLGA is between about 10% to about 90% and the alginate is between about 10% to about 90%,the PLGA is between about 10% to about 90% and the PVP is between about 10% to about 90%,the PLGA is between ...

Carbon nanotube - polysaccharide composite

The present invention provides methods for the fabrication CNT dispersions using polysaccharides, especially hemicelluloses, and most advantageously xylan. The present invention also provides methods to isolate, and purify hemicelluloses from plant materials. The present invention provides methods and compositions for the coating of solid surfaces using CNT dispersions. One currently preferred method coating of a surface is electrospraying the CNT dispersion. The present invention provides electrically conducting materials that can replace conducting plastics, graphite, and even some metals as electrical conductors. In one embodiment the present materials can be used as stealth coatings. In another embodiment the present materials can provide shield against high frequency electromagnetic radiation, while being permeable to low frequency magnetic field. In one specific application the dispersion fabricated from double walled carbon nanotubes (DWNTs), and xylan can be used to fabricate transparent electrically conducting films. In one embodiment of the present invention the surface films will be cross-linked, and these films can be used in multiple applications including supercapacitors.

MULTICOMPONENT MESO THREAD CONTAINING HYALURONIC ACID AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME (VARIANTS)

The group of inventions relates to the field of aesthetic, plastic and reconstructive cosmetology/medicine, and more particularly to meso threads used for remedying aesthetic and age-related changes to the skin, and to methods for producing such threads. Proposed is a multicomponent meso thread consisting of a core and a shell. The core is realized in the form of a fibroin thread, and the shell contains hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof or a polyelectrolyte complex of hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof and chitosan or a salt thereof. Also proposed are a variant of the thread having a plastifying agent in the shell, and methods for producing the proposed meso threads. 1. A multicomponent mesothread , comprising: a core and a coating ,wherein the core is a fibroin thread andthe coating contains hyaluronic acid or its salt or a polyelectrolyte complex of hyaluronic acid or its salt.2. The multicomponent mesothread according to claim 1 , wherein the hyaluronic acid salt comprises at least one of tetraalkylammonium claim 1 , lithium claim 1 , sodium claim 1 , potassium claim 1 , calcium claim 1 , magnesium claim 1 , barium claim 1 , zinc claim 1 , aluminum claim 1 , copper claim 1 , aurate claim 1 , and hyaluronic acid hydrosalt.3. The multicomponent mesothread according to claim 1 , wherein the coating further comprising chitosan or its salt.4. The multicomponent mesothread according to claim 3 , wherein the chitosan comprises a chitosan with deacetylation degree over 50% claim 3 , and the chitosan salt comprises chitosan acetate claim 3 , chitosan chloride claim 3 , or chitosan lactate.5. The multicomponent mesothread according to claim 1 , wherein the core and/or coating additionally contains a plastifying agent.6. The multicomponent mesothread according to claim 5 , wherein the plastifying agent comprises polyvinyl alcohol.7. The multicomponent mesothread according to claim 1 , wherein the coating additionally contains an antiinfection agent and/or an antiseptic and/ ...

Multicomponent meso thread containing hyaluronic acid and method for producing same (variants)

The group of inventions relates to the field of aesthetic, plastic and reconstructive cosmetology/medicine, and more particularly to meso threads used for remedying aesthetic and age-related changes to the skin, and to methods for producing such threads. Proposed is a multicomponent meso thread consisting of a core and a shell. The core is realized in the form of a fibroin thread, and the shell contains hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof or a polyelectrolyte complex of hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof and chitosan or a salt thereof. Also proposed are a variant of the thread having a plastifying agent in the shell, and methods for producing the proposed meso threads.

HYDROPHILIC POLYMER COATINGS WITH DURABLE LUBRICITY AND COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS THEREOF

The invention provides a novel hydrophilic polymer and latex polymer blend coating formulation and compositions thereof, and their use on various devices (e.g., prophylactic and medical devices) to form hydrophilic and flexible coatings with durable lubricity. 1. An aqueous composition , comprising:a hydrophilic polymer;a suspension of latex polymer microparticles; andoptionally, one or more of vulcanizing or accelerating agents, whereinthe hydrophilic polymer has a mean molecular weight in the range from about 1 kDa to about 10,000 kDa and is present in the composition at a concentration from about 2 w/v % to about 10 w/v %;the latex polymer microparticles are present in the composition at a concentration from about 20 w/v % to about 65 w/v %;{'sup': '10', 'a viscosity in the range from about 10 cP to about 10cP; and'}the weight ratio of the hydrophilic polymer to the latex polymer microparticles is in the range from about 1:1 to about 10:1.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophilic polymer has a mean molecular weight in the range from about 1 kDa to about 1 claim 1 ,000 kDa.3. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the hydrophilic polymer has a mean molecular weight in the range from about 1 kDa to about 100 kDa.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophilic polymer is present in the composition at a concentration from about 2 w/v % to about 7 w/v %.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the latex polymer microparticles are present in the composition at a concentration from about 35 w/v % to about 65 w/v %.6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of the hydrophilic polymer to the latex polymer microparticles is in the range from about 1:1 to about 1:3.7. The composition of claim 1 , being an evenly mixed and stable suspension.8. (canceled)10. The composition of claim 9 , having the hydrophilic polymer at a concentration from about 2 w/v % to about 7 w/v % and the latex polymer microparticles at a concentration from about 20 w/v ...

BINDER FOR INORGANIC FIBERS AND INORGANIC FIBER MAT

The present invention provides a binder that is for inorganic fibers and that is characterized by containing (A) 100 parts by mass of a polyvinyl alcohol resin having a degree of polymerization of 100-3500, (B) 1-50 parts by mass of colloidal silica having an average particle size of 100 nm or less, and (C) 3 parts by mass or more of an ammonia-modified copolymer containing maleic anhydride. By using the binder for inorganic fibers according to the present invention, an inorganic fiber mat having resiliency comparable to that of phenolic resins can be fabricated, and the amount of volatile organic compounds released from the inorganic fiber mat is very small. 1. A mineral fiber-treating binder comprising(A) 100 parts by weight of a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin having a degree of polymerization of 100 to 3,500,(B) 1 to 50 parts by weight of colloidal silica having an average particle size of up to 100 nm, and(C) at least 3 parts by weight of an ammonia-modified copolymer containing maleic anhydride.2. The binder of wherein the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin (A) has a degree of saponification of at least 70 mol %.3. The binder of wherein the colloidal silica (B) is aluminum-modified colloidal silica.5. The binder of wherein the ammonia-modified copolymer containing maleic anhydride (C) is an ammonia-modified isobutylene/maleic anhydride copolymer.6. The binder of wherein the mineral fiber is glass wool or mineral wool.7. A mineral fiber mat comprising mineral fibers treated with the binder of . This invention relates to a mineral fiber-treating binder and a mineral fiber mat treated therewith. More particularly, it relates to a mineral fiber-treating binder and a mineral fiber mat treated therewith, the mineral fiber mat being suitable for use as thermal insulating and sound-proofing materials in buildings and being endowed with minimized release of volatile organic compounds, a sufficient thickness, and good recovery.From the past, mats made of mineral fibers such as ...

Polarity Manipulation in Polystyrene for Enhanced Bio-Polymer Miscibility

A styrenic composition including a polar modified styrenic co-polymer resulting from the polymerization of a combined mixture of at least one styrenic monomer and at least one comonomer and a biodegradable component is disclosed. The at least one comonomer includes a polar functional group and the polar modified styrenic co-polymer and the biodegradable component are combined to obtain a styrenic composition having a biodegradable component. Also disclosed is a method of enhancing bio-polymer miscibility in a styrenic based polymer. The polarity of a blend is manipulated by combining a styrenic monomer and a polar co-monomer to form a combined mixture and subjecting the combined mixture to polymerization to obtain a styrenic polymer blend to which a bio-polymer is added. 120.-. (canceled)21. A styrenic composition comprising:a polar modified styrenic co-polymer resulting from the polymerization of a combined mixture of at least one styrenic monomer and at least one comonomer;a biodegradable component comprising polylactic acid; anda polar additive comprising styrene maleic anhydride, glyceride oil, poly(1,4-butylene adipate), epoxidized linseed oil, polyester, or combinations thereof;wherein the at least one comonomer comprises a polar functional group;wherein the polar modified styrenic co-polymer and the biodegradable component are combined to obtain a styrenic composition comprising the biodegradable component.22. The composition of claim 21 , wherein the polar additive is present in the styrenic composition in amounts ranging from 0.5 to 10 wt % based on the total weight of the styrenic composition.23. The composition of claim 21 , wherein the polar modified styrenic co-polymer is present in amounts ranging from 75 to 99 wt % based on the total weight of the styrenic composition.24. The composition of claim 21 , wherein the comonomer comprising a polar functional group is selected from the group consisting of alkyl-(meth)acrylate claim 21 , hydroxyl-alkyl(meth) ...

Highly Environmentally Sustainable Composite Material

The present invention related to a thermoplastic composition, suitable to be submitted to common methods of heat forming, or thermoforming, of thermoplastic materials, as well as the thermoformed composite material which is obtained/can be obtained from said thermoplastic composition, said thermoplastic composition and said thermoformed composite material derived therefrom comprising the combination of cellulose with a thermoplastic material comprising a hydrolysable or hydrosoluble polyhydroxylated polymer, such as starch or a polymer based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), wherein cellulose is available in an amount ranging from 30 to 60% by Weight, preferably from 40 to 60% by weight, said percentages being calculated on 100 parts by weight of the combination of cellulose with the thermoplastic material comprising a hydrolysable or hydrosoluble polyhydroxylated polymer.

WATER-SOLUBLE UNIT DOSE ARTICLES MADE FROM A COMBINATION OF DIFFERENT FILMS

The present disclosure relates to pouches made from a combination of chemically different water-soluble films and optionally containing a composition (e.g. a household care composition or non-household care composition) that is at least partially enclosed by the water-soluble films in at least one compartment. 153-. (canceled)54. A water-soluble unit dose article comprising at least one sealed compartment optionally comprising at least one composition contained in the article , the water-soluble unit dose article comprisinga first water soluble film comprising a PVOH polymer comprising a first anionic content;and a second water soluble film comprising a PVOH polymer comprising a second anionic content;wherein the first anionic content is in a range of about 0.5 mol % to about 10 mol % of total PVOH polymer in the first water soluble film and the second anionic content is in a range of about 0 mol % to about 5 mol % of total PVOH polymer in the second water soluble film, and the difference between the first anionic content and second anionic content is about 0.05 mol % to about 4 mol %, wherein the anionic content of each film is the molar percentage of anionic monomer units present in the total PVOH polymer of the film, and wherein the first water-soluble film is chemically different from the second water soluble film with respect to the anionic content of the PVOH polymers of the films;wherein the first film is sealed to the second film to form the at least one sealed compartment;provided that when the composition is a fabric care or household care composition and a film comprises a blend of a polyvinyl alcohol homopolymer resin and an anionic polyvinyl alcohol copolymer resin, then both then first water soluble film and the second water soluble film comprise blends that include 65 wt. % or greater of an anionic polyvinyl alcohol copolymer resin, based on the total weight of polyvinyl alcohol resins in the blend; andprovided that when the composition is a fabric ...

MN FERRITE POWDER, RESIN COMPOSITION, ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE SHIELDING MATERIAL, ELECTRONIC MATERIAL, AND ELECTRONIC COMPONENT

Provided are: an Mn ferrite powder characterized by including a plurality of ferrite particles, having a volume-average particle diameter of 1-10 μm, and having a 2.106 μm volume-based cumulative distribution (sieved) of 0.1-50.0 vol %; and a resin composition characterized by including said powder and a resin material. 1. A Mn ferrite powder ,comprising a plurality of ferrite particles,having a volume average particle diameter of 1 μm or more and 10 μm or less, andhaving a volume-based cumulative distribution at 2.106 μm (under a sieve) of 0.1 vol % or more and 50.0 vol % or less.2. The Mn ferrite powder according to claim 1 , having a BET specific surface area of 0.35 m/g or more and 9 m/g or less.3. The Mn ferrite powder according to claim 1 , wherein the ferrite particles have a true spherical shape claim 1 , or a shape whose cross section is a hexagonal or more polygonal shape.4. The Mn ferrite powder according to claim 1 , having a Mn content of 4 mass % or more and 13 mass % or less claim 1 , and a Fe content of 60 mass % or more and 68 mass % or less.5. A resin composition claim 1 , comprising the Mn ferrite powder as described in and a resin material.6. An electromagnetic wave-shielding material claim 1 , formed of a material comprising the Mn ferrite powder as described in and a resin material.7. An electronic material claim 1 , formed of a material comprising the Mn ferrite powder as described in .8. An electronic component claim 1 , formed of a material comprising the Mn ferrite powder as described in . The present invention relates to a Mn ferrite powder, a resin composition, an electromagnetic wave-shielding material, an electronic material, and an electronic component.It is known to use a ferrite powder in an electromagnetic wave-shielding material (see, e.g., Patent Literatures 1, 2, and 3).As the electromagnetic wave-shielding material using a ferrite powder, an electromagnetic wave-shielding material obtained by molding a resin composition ...

COMPOSITION HAVING EXCELLENT TRANSPARENCY

To provide a laminated product of a layer including a polyvinyl acetal and a layer including a hydrocarbon-based polymer, having excellent adhesion between the layers. 1. A composition comprising:a polyvinyl acetal satisfying at least one of definition 1 and definition 2;Definition 1: When 1 g of the polyvinyl acetal is dissolved in 100 g of methanol, an undissolved content of the polyvinyl acetal is 2.5 to 90% by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polyvinyl acetal;Definition 2: When 1 g of the polyvinyl acetal is dissolved in 100 g of chloroform, an undissolved content of the polyvinyl acetal is 5% to 70% by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polyvinyl acetal; and30 parts to 70 parts by mass of a plasticizer mixture, the plasticizer mixture comprising 0.5% to 100% by mass of a plasticizer comprising a polar group and 0% to 99.5% by mass of a plasticizer comprising no polar group;wherein the plasticizer comprising a polar group comprises a polar group selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a polyethyleneoxide group having a polymerization degree of 10 or more, a polypropylene oxide group having a polymerization degree of 10 or more, a carboxyl group and an amino group.2. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the polyvinyl acetal further satisfies:when a solution obtained by dissolving 1 g of the polyvinyl acetal in 100 g of ethanol is titrated with hexane, a dropping amount of hexane until the solution becomes clouded is 150 mL or more.3. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the polyvinyl acetal further satisfies:when a solution obtained by dissolving 1 g of the polyvinyl acetal in 100 g of ethanol is titrated with deionized water, a dropping amount of deionized water until the solution becomes clouded is 15 mL or more.4. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the plasticizer comprising a polar group is a compound comprising a hydroxyl group.5. The composition according to claim 4 , wherein the ...

RESIN COMPOSITION AND MULTILAYER STRUCTURE USING SAME, AND METHOD OF IMPROVING LONG-RUN STABILITY

Provided is a resin composition which has excellent gas barrier performance after hot water treatment and which both has long-run stability and suppress decomposition and foaming in operations conducted at a high temperature. This resin composition comprises a saponified ethylene-vinyl ester-based copolymer (A), a polyamide-based resin (B), and a drying agent (C), wherein the reduction in weight of the resin composition after being kept at 250° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere for 1 hour is 5% by weight or more but 35% by weight or less. 1. A resin composition comprising a saponified ethylene-vinyl ester-based copolymer (A) , a polyamide-based resin (B) , and a drying agent (C) , wherein the reduction in weight of the resin composition after being kept at 250° C. in nitrogen atmosphere for 1 hour is 5% by weight or more but 35% by weight or less.2. The resin composition according to claim 1 , further comprising a basic metal salt (D) claim 1 , the basic metal salt excluding a metal salt included in the drying agent (C).3. The resin composition according to claim 2 , wherein the basic metal salt (D) is a metal salt of carboxylic acid having from 12 to 30 carbon atoms.4. The resin composition according to claim 2 , wherein the basic metal salt (D) has a melting point of 250° C. or less.5. The resin composition according to claim 2 , wherein the content of the basic metal salt (D) in the resin composition is from 40 to 2000 ppm in terms of as a metal content.6. The resin composition according to claim 2 , wherein the basic metal salt (D) is magnesium salt and the content of the basic metal salt (D) in the resin composition is in the range of 40 to 350 ppm in terms of magnesium.7. The resin composition according to claim 1 , wherein the drying agent (C) is a hydrate-forming metal salt.8. The resin composition according to claim 7 , wherein the hydrate-forming metal salt has a melting point of 300° C. or higher.9. A multilayer structure comprising at least one layer of a ...

Polarizer, polarizing plate, and image display apparatus

There is provided a polarizer that can realize the multi-functionalization and high-functionalization of an electronic device, such as an image display apparatus. A polarizer 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a resin film containing a dichromatic substance, wherein the polarizer has a low dichromatic substance concentration portion whose content of the dichromatic substance is relatively low in the resin film. The low dichromatic substance concentration portion 2 is brought into contact with an acidic solution. In one embodiment, the low dichromatic substance concentration portion corresponds to a camera portion of an image display apparatus on which the polarizer is mounted.

Paper substrate having enhanced print density

The present invention relates to a sizing composition that, when applied to paper substrate, creates a substrate, preferably suitable for inkjet printing, having increased print density, print sharpness, low HST, and/or image dry time, the substrate preferably having high brightness and reduced color-to-color bleed as well. In addition, the present invention relates to a method of reducing the HST of a paper substrate by applying the sizing composition to at least one surface thereof. Further, the application relates to methods of making and using the sizing composition, as well as methods of making and using the paper containing the sizing composition.

PROGRAMMABLE MIP CATCH AND RELEASE TECHNOLOGY

Programmable molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs) that have modified binding site kinetics for target imprintable entities (TIEs) that operate to control the adsorption, binding, release and equilibrium distribution of related materials into and out of the MIPs, which are useful for the controlled adsorption, controlled release and control of concentrations of such materials in media including gases, liquids, fluids, biological systems, solutions and other environments. When a collective plurality of the MIPs with modified binding site kinetics are combined, the resulting MIP systems can be tailored to exhibit pseudo zero- and first-order kinetics, as well as higher kinetic profiles, and when further combined with time-delay functionality, can be tailored to exhibit delayed uptake and release, ramped uptake and release of materials, step functions, polynomial, geometric, exponential and other unique kinetic profiles of material exchange between the novel MIPs and a fluid media that are not readily achievable by other means. 1. A molecularly imprinted polymer system for use in the catch and release of multiple materials comprising:(a) a first molecularly imprinted polymer with at least one first suboptimal average associative binding constant with respect to a first material to be released;(b) a second molecularly imprinted polymer with at least one second suboptimal average associative binding constant with respect to a second material to be captured;wherein said first molecularly imprinted polymer is dosed with said first material to a desired degree of saturation.wherein said first molecularly imprinted polymer and said second molecularly imprinted polymer are introduced or contacted with a fluid media; andwherein said first and said second molecularly imprinted polymers operate to controllably release a first material into said fluid media and controllably adsorb a second material from said fluid media, respectively.2. The molecularly imprinted polymer system of ...

Programmable mip catch and release technology

Programmable molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs) that have modified binding site kinetics for target imprintable entities (TIEs) that operate to control the adsorption, binding, release and equilibrium distribution of related materials into and out of the MIPs, which are useful for the controlled adsorption, controlled release and control of concentrations of such materials in media including gases, liquids, fluids, biological systems, solutions and other environments. When a collective plurality of the MIPs with modified binding site kinetics are combined, the resulting MIP systems can be tailored to exhibit pseudo zero- and first-order kinetics, as well as higher kinetic profiles, and when further combined with time-delay functionality, can be tailored to exhibit delayed uptake and release, ramped uptake and release of materials, step functions, polynomial, geometric, exponential and other unique kinetic profiles of material exchange between the novel MIPs and a fluid media that are not readily achievable by other means.

Transparentization agent composition containing sorbitol compound and method for producing polypropylene resin composition using this sorbitol compound

A transparentization agent composition is a mixture containing 100 parts by mass of a dibenzylidene sorbitol compound represented by a general formula (I) having a particle diameter such that d 97 is from 30 μm to 200 μm and 5 to 200 parts by mass of tetrakis[3(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionyloxymethyl]methane, wherein the total for the two components is 50% by mass or more of the mixture. Also disclosed is a method for producing a polypropylene resin composition, including obtaining a polypropylene resin composition in which a dibenzylidene sorbitol compound represented by a general formula (I) having a particle diameter such that d 97 is from 30 μm to 200 μm is incorporated in a polypropylene resin, by kneading a mixture containing 100 parts by mass of the polypropylene resin and 0.05 to 2 parts by mass of the dibenzylidene sorbitol compound by using a biaxial extruder at an extrusion temperature of from 220 to 250° C.

Fragranced Water-Sensitive Film

A film formed from a water-soluble polymer matrix containing a fragrance is provided. The film is water-sensitive so that upon contact with a sufficient amount of water, the matrix loses its integrity to increasingly expose the fragrance to the ambient environment for releasing its odor. The ability to incorporate a fragrance into the matrix is achieved by controlling the nature of the fragrance and polymer, the manner in which the matrix and fragrance are melt processed, etc. For example, the fragrance may be injected directly into the extruder and melt blended with the polymer to avoid the costly, time-consuming steps of pre-encapsulation or pre-compounding of the fragrance into a masterbatch. Furthermore, to balance the fragrance's ability to release the desired odor during use while minimizing the premature exhaustion of the odor during processing, the fragrance has a boiling point (at atmospheric pressure) of from about 125° C. to about 350° C. 116-. (canceled)17. A water-sensitive fragranced film comprising at least one film-forming , water-soluble polymer and at least one liquid fragrance , wherein the at least one water-soluble polymer constitutes from about 40 wt. % to about 99.9 wt. % of the polymer content of the film , and wherein the liquid fragrance has a boiling point at atmospheric pressure of from about 125° C. to about 350° c.18. An absorbent article comprising the film of claim 17 , wherein the absorbent article comprises a body portion that includes a liquid permeable topsheet claim 17 , a generally liquid impermeable backsheet claim 17 , and an absorbent core positioned between the backsheet and the topsheet.19. A package comprising the film of .20. The film of claim 17 , wherein the water-soluble polymer includes a modified starch polymer.21. The film of claim 20 , wherein the modified starch is a starch ether claim 20 , starch ester claim 20 , or a combination thereof.22. The film of claim 21 , wherein the modified starch is a hydroxyalkyl ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING VINYL ESTER POLYMERS HAVING SPECIFICALLY SETTABLE DISPERSITY AND LOW POLYDISPERSITY

Methods for producing protective-colloid-stabilized aqueous dispersions of vinyl ester, polymers having weight-average particle diameters Dw of 120 nm to 1,500 nm and a polydispersity PD<1.6 include radically initiated emulsion polymerizations of one or more vinyl esters and optionally one or more additional ethylenically unsaturated monomers in aqueous medium in the presence of one or more protective colloids, wherein an aqueous mixture containing 0 to 90 grams of one more protective colloids per liter of water is provided to the receiver (concentration (C)), and starting with or after the start of the metered addition of one or more initiators, one or more protective colloids and the total amount of vinyl esters used are added in a metered manner, the emulsion polymerizations being performed in the absence of vinyl halogenides. 1. A process for producing protective colloid-stabilized aqueous dispersions of vinyl ester polymers having weight-average particle diameters Dw of 120 nm to 1500 nm and a polydispersity PD of <1.6 by means of free-radically initiated emulsion polymerizations of one or more vinyl esters and optionally one or more further ethylenically unsaturated monomers in an aqueous medium in the presence of one or more protective colloids , characterized in that an aqueous mixture comprising 0 to 90 grams of one or more protective colloids per liter of water in the initial charge (concentration (C)) is initially charged and ,commencing with or after the start of metered addition of one or more initiators, one or more protective colloids and the total amount of vinyl esters used are metered in,the emulsion polymerizations being performed in the absence of vinyl halides.2. The process for producing protective colloid-stabilized aqueous dispersions of vinyl ester polymers as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that an aqueous mixture comprising 0.1 to 90 grams of one or more protective colloids per liter of water in the initial charge (concentration (C)) ...

WATER SOLUBLE FIBERS WITH POST PROCESS MODIFICATIONS AND ARTICLES CONTAINING SAME

Methods of treating fibers comprising a polymer including at least one of a vinyl acetate moiety or a vinyl alcohol moiety, and resulting fibers or the products comprising the resulting fibers are disclosed. In an example embodiment, a fiber having a surface region and an interior region, includes a polymer comprising at least one of a vinyl acetate moiety or a vinyl alcohol moiety chemically modified with a modification agent. The fiber has a transverse cross-section including the interior region comprising the polymer having a first degree of modification and the surface region comprising the polymer having a second degree of modification greater than the first degree of modification. 1. A fiber having a surface region and an interior region , the fiber comprising:a polymer comprising at least one of a vinyl acetate moiety or a vinyl alcohol moiety chemically modified with a modification agent,the fiber having a transverse cross-section including the interior region comprising the polymer having a first degree of modification and the surface region comprising the polymer having a second degree of modification greater than the first degree of modification.2. The fiber according to claim 1 , wherein the transverse cross-section of the fiber has an increasing gradient in a degree of modification of the polymer from the interior region to the surface region.3. The fiber according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer comprising at least one of a vinyl acetate moiety or a vinyl alcohol moiety without modification comprises a polyvinyl alcohol homopolymer claim 1 , a polyvinyl acetate homopolymer claim 1 , a polyvinyl alcohol copolymer claim 1 , or any combination thereof.4. The fiber according to claim 3 , wherein the polyvinyl alcohol copolymer is a copolymer of vinyl acetate and vinyl alcohol.5. The fiber according to claim 4 , wherein the polyvinyl alcohol copolymer comprises an anionic modification.6. The fiber according to claim 5 , wherein the anionic modification ...

MEDICAL DEVICES FOR CONTINUOUS DELIVERY OF THERAPEUTIC AGENTS

The present invention relates to compositions and methods to provide continuous and controlled release of therapeutic agent(s) during a procedure such as an interventional vascular procedure, e.g., to reduce acute and chronic complications and improve outcomes. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention. 1. A guide wire comprising:(a) a plurality of coils;(b) a primer layer attached to the plurality of coils covalently via silane coupling, the primer layer comprising methoxy-capped polyethylene glycol (PEG); and(c) a coating of a hydrogel attached to the primer layer via hydrogen bonds, the hydrogel comprising water and a polymer selected from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), polyethylene glycol (PEG), poly(methyl acrylate), poly(ethyl acrylate), poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(acrylic acid), or a blend, combination, or copolymer thereof, wherein a therapeutic agent is incorporated within the coating, and wherein the coating releases the therapeutic agent when in contact with a body fluid.2. The guide wire of claim 1 , wherein the hydrogel comprises PVA and PVP.3. The guide wire of claim 1 , further comprising an outer diffusive barrier layer over the coating of the hydrogel claim 1 , the outer diffusive barrier layer comprising PVA claim 1 , PVAc claim 1 , PVP claim 1 , PEG claim 1 , or a blend claim 1 , combination claim 1 , or copolymer thereof.4. The guide wire of claim 3 , wherein the outer diffusive barrier layer comprises a PVA-PEG copolymer blended with PVAc.5. The guide wire of claim 1 , wherein the therapeutic agent is dispersed or dissolved in the hydrogel and incorporated in or bound to a solubilizing agent.6. The guide wire of claim 5 , wherein the solubilizing agent is a cyclodextrin.7. The guide wire of claim 6 , wherein the cyclodextrin is CAPTISOL.8. The guide wire of claim 1 , wherein the first ...

Polymerizate Comprising a Macromonomer

The present invention relates to a polymerizate in the form of an aqueous polymer dispersion, the polymerizate being obtainable by radical polymerization of monomers in an aqueous medium in the presence of a free radical initiator and a protective colloid, wherein the monomers comprise a) 50-99.99 wt. % of at least one vinyl monomer chosen from the group of vinyl esters, (meth)acrylic esters, vinyl aromatic compounds, vinyl halides, and olefins, and b) 0.01-30 wt. % of at least one macromonomer M, the macromonomer M being a reaction product of components (i), (ii), and (iii), said —component (i) having at least one olefinically unsaturated group and at least one hydroxyl, amine and/or thiol group, —component (ii) being a di- or triisocyanate, and —component (iii) having at least two terminal groups selected from hydroxyl, amine and/or thiol groups, c) 0-20 wt % of at least one vinyl monomer with at least one functional group, wherein the monomers a), b), and c) sum up to 100 wt. % of total monomers employed. The invention further provides a process to prepare the polymerizate, water-redispersible polymer powders obtainable from the polymerizate, and building material compositions containing the polymerizate and/or the water-redispersible polymer powders. 1. Polymerizate in the form of an aqueous polymer dispersion , the polymerizate being obtainable by radical polymerization of monomers in an aqueous medium in the presence of a free radical initiator and a protective colloid , wherein the monomers comprisea) 50-99.99 wt. % of at least one vinyl monomer chosen from the group of vinyl esters, (meth)acrylic esters, vinyl aromatic compounds, vinyl halides, and olefins, component (i) having at least one olefinically unsaturated group and at least one hydroxyl, amine and/or thiol group,', 'component (ii) being a di- or triisocyanate, and', 'component (iii) having at least two terminal groups selected from hydroxyl, amine and/or thiol groups, and, 'b) 0.01-30 wt. % of at ...

USE OF A CYCLODEXTRIN POLYCONDENSATE OR A COMPOSITION COMPRISING SUCH A POLYCONDENSATE, AS A CAPTURING AGENT

The use of a cyclodextrin polycondensate or a composition comprising at least one cyclodextrin polycondensate, as an agent for capturing at least one substance chosen from a metal element and an organic molecule having an octanol/water partition coefficient, referred to as Log Kow, greater than or equal to 2, the cyclodextrin polycondensate being obtained by reacting the following compounds (A) to (C): (A) at least one cyclodextrin, (B) at least one linear, branched or cyclic polycarboxylic acid, that is saturated, unsaturated or aromatic, and (C) at least one ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH). 114-. (canceled)15. A method of sequestering a pollutant , comprising:contacting said pollutant with a cyclodextrin(s) polycondensate, or a composition comprising at least one cyclodextrin(s) polycondensate,wherein the pollutant comprises at least one substance chosen from a metal element at the degree of oxidation 0 and an organic molecule having an octanol/water partition coefficient, referred to as Log Kow, greater than or equal to 2.16. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the organic molecule has a Log Kow between 4 and 10.17. The method according to claim 16 , wherein the Log Kow is between 5 and 8.18. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the organic molecule is chosen from diuron claim 15 , carbamazepine claim 15 , polychlorinated biphenyls claim 15 , phthalates and benzopyrene.19. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the metal element at the degree of oxidation 0 is chosen from aluminum claim 15 , silver claim 15 , iron claim 15 , boron claim 15 , tin claim 15 , copper claim 15 , zinc claim 15 , lead claim 15 , nickel claim 15 , cadmium claim 15 , chromium claim 15 , mercury and gold.20. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the pollutant is present in the air claim 15 , in the ground or in water.21. The method according to claim 21 , wherein the composition further comprises at least one compound chosen from metal oxides claim 21 , ...

WATER-SOLUBLE UNIT DOSE ARTICLE

Water-soluble unit dose article having a water-soluble film wherein the water-soluble film has a polymeric resin having a copolymer of polyvinylalcohol and 1-butene-3,4-diol and a second polyvinyl alcohol polymer. 1. A water-soluble unit dose article comprising a water-soluble film and a detergent composition , from about 10% to about 60% by weight of the water-soluble polymeric resin of a first polyvinyl alcohol polymer, wherein the first polyvinyl alcohol polymer is a copolymer of polyvinylalcohol and 1-butene-3,4-diol; and', 'from about 40% to about 90% by weight of the water-soluble polymeric resin of a second polyvinyl alcohol polymer, wherein the second polyvinyl alcohol polymer is selected from polyvinyl alcohol homopolymer, a polyvinylalcohol copolymer comprising an anionic substitution, or a mixture thereof., 'wherein the water-soluble film comprises a water-soluble polymeric resin, wherein the water-soluble polymeric resin comprises2. The water-soluble unit dose article according to wherein the copolymer of polyvinylalcohol and 1-butene-3 claim 1 ,4-diol has a percentage degree of hydrolysis claim 1 , as measured according to standard method JIS K6726 claim 1 , of from about 85% to about 100%.3. The water-soluble unit dose article according to wherein the copolymer of polyvinylalcohol and 1-butene-3 claim 1 ,4-diol has a 1-butene-3 claim 1 ,4-diol monomer unit in a proportion of about 1 to about 15 mol %.4. The water-soluble unit dose articles according to wherein the 1-butene-3 claim 3 ,4-diol monomer unit is in a proportion of about 2 to about 10 mol % in the copolymer of polyvinylalcohol and 1-butene-3 claim 3 ,4-diol.5. The water-soluble unit dose article according to wherein the copolymer of polyvinylalcohol and 1-butene-3 claim 1 ,4-diol has a viscosity of from about 1 to about 25 mPas claim 1 , wherein the viscosity is measured as about a 4% aqueous solution in demineralized water at about 20° C.6. The water-soluble unit dose article according to ...

SOFT THERMOPLASTIC INJECTION MOLDED AND FLUSHABLE MATERIALS

A water-dispersible injection-moldable resin blend includes 20 wt. % to 80 wt. % thermoplastic elastomer, wherein the thermoplastic elastomer is ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), or a styrenic block copolymer (SBC); and 80 wt. % to 20 wt. % modified poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH), wherein the modified PVOH is unmodified PVOH blended with glycerin. A flushable tampon applicator includes a grip region generally adjacent the outer end of the barrel, wherein the grip region of the barrel includes a water-dispersible injection-moldable resin blend including 20 wt. % to 80 wt. % thermoplastic elastomer, wherein the thermoplastic elastomer is ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), or a styrenic block copolymer (SBC), and 80 wt. % to 20 wt. % modified poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH), wherein the modified PVOH is unmodified PVOH blended with glycerin. 1. A water-dispersible injection-moldable resin blend comprising:20 wt. % to 80 wt. % thermoplastic elastomer, wherein the thermoplastic elastomer is ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), or a styrenic block copolymer (SBC); and80 wt. % to 20 wt. % modified poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH), wherein the modified PVOH is unmodified PVOH blended with glycerin.2. The resin blend of claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic elastomer is an SBC.3. The resin blend of claim 2 , wherein the SBC is one of poly(styrene-isoprene-styrene) (SIS) claim 2 , poly(styrene-butadiene-styrene) (SBS) claim 2 , poly(styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene) (SEBS) claim 2 , poly(styrene-ethylene-propylene-styrene) (SEPS) claim 2 , poly(styrene-ethylene/propylene) (SEP) claim 2 , and poly(styrene-b-isoprene/butadiene-b-styrene) (SEEPS).4. The resin blend of claim 2 , wherein the SBC is poly(styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene) (SEBS).5. The resin blend of claim 1 , wherein the unmodified PVOH is partially hydrolyzed (87-89%) with a viscosity range of 3.0-3.7 cps.6. The resin blend of claim 1 , ...

THERMOPLASTIC INJECTION MOLDED AND FLUSHABLE MATERIAL

A water-dispersible injection-moldable composition includes partially-hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), polyethylene glycol (PEG), plasticizer, and a hydrophobic polymeric component, wherein the composition has a melt flow index of 5-180. The hydrophobic polymeric component can be a colorant within an ethylene matrix or polyethylene. The composition is flushable according to Guidance Document for Assessing the Flushability of Nonwoven Consumer Products (INDA and EDANA, 2006); Test FG 522.2 Tier 2—Slosh Box Disintegration Test. The PVOH has a hydrolysis of 87% to 89%. 1. A water-dispersible injection-moldable composition comprising:partially-hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH);polyethylene glycol (PEG);plasticizer; anda hydrophobic polymeric component, wherein the composition has a melt flow index of 5-180.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobic polymeric component is a colorant within an ethylene matrix.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobic polymeric component is polyethylene.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a melt flow index of 60-90.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition includes 55 wt. % to 75 wt. % partially-hydrolyzed PVOH.6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition includes 15 wt. % to 25 wt. % PEG.7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition includes 9 wt. % to 14 wt. % plasticizer.8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the plasticizer is glycerin.9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the PVOH has a viscosity range of 3.0-3.7 cps.10. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the PVOH has a hydrolysis of 87% to 89%.11. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is flushable according to Guidance Document for Assessing the Flushability of Nonwoven Consumer Products (INDA and EDANA claim 1 , 2006); Test FG 522.2 Tier 2—Slosh Box Disintegration Test.12. A water-dispersible injection-moldable composition comprising:55 wt. % to 75 wt. % partially- ...

High Strength Joining System For Fiber Reinforced Composites

The invention relates to joined fiber reinforced composite structures with continuity of fiber reinforcement across adhesive-to-substrate boundaries. Use of a thermal gradient to control the extent of infusion of resin blocking substances into fiber reinforced material, and subsequent resin infusion and resin blocking substance removal, during manufacture of components to be subsequently bonded, provides partially exposed reinforcing fibers which serve to reinforce a subsequently formed joint or boundary. 111-. (canceled)12. A generally sheet form adhesion enhancement material comprising structural fiber with B-stage resin infused into one surface and a flexible water soluble polymer infused into the opposite surface.13. A generally sheet form adhesion enhancement material comprising structural fiber infused with a soluble resin blocking substance on one surface and with free fibers on the opposite surface.1418-. (canceled)19. A generally sheet form adhesion enhancement material as described in wherein said flexible water soluble polymer comprises PVA.20. A generally sheet form adhesion enhancement material as described in wherein said structural fiber is electrostatically flocked into said material.21. A generally sheet form adhesion enhancement material as described in wherein said structural fiber with B-stage resin infused into one surface comprises pre-preg.22. A generally sheet form adhesion enhancement material as described in wherein said soluble resin blocking substance comprises PVA.23. A generally sheet form adhesion enhancement material as described in wherein said structural fiber is electrostatically flocked into said material.24. A method of providing exposed structural fibers at a surface for bonding of an article thereto claim 13 , said method comprising the steps of:establishing a generally sheet form adhesion enhancement material against the surface of a second material,wherein said second material comprises structural fiber and B-stage resin ...

SPRAYABLE POLYMERS AS ADHESION BARRIERS

A formulation for generating an adhesion barrier that includes a plurality of particles or a dry powder that is made of a polymer combination of at least one biodegradable polymer and at least one water soluble polymer is disclosed. Methods of making and delivering the formulation are further disclosed. The formulation of particles is deposited on a surface of internal body tissue and the deposited formulation absorbs moisture from the tissue and forms a film over the surface. The film acts as an adhesion barrier by reducing or preventing adhesion of the surface to other body tissue. 1. (canceled)2. (canceled)3. The formulation of claim 17 , wherein a mean size of the plurality of particles is between 700 nm and 200 microns.4. (canceled)5. The formulation of claim 17 , wherein the plurality of particles is uniformly suspended in a liquid claim 17 , wherein the liquid has a boiling point below 0° C.6. (canceled)7. (canceled)8. (canceled)9. (canceled)10. (canceled)11. (canceled)12. (canceled)13. (canceled)14. The formulation of claim 17 , wherein the polymer combination is selected from the group consisting of 70/30 PLGA and PVA; chitosan and PVA; and Chitosan claim 17 , PVP claim 17 , and PLGA.15. The formulation of claim 17 , wherein the plurality of particles further comprise a therapeutic agent selected from the group consisting of an anti-inflammatory claim 17 , anti-infective claim 17 , hemostatic claim 17 , chemotherapeutic claim 17 , and any combination thereof.16. The formulation of claim 17 , wherein the film loses strength at a time between 30-60 days after the absorption of the moisture.17. A biodegradable film formed from a formulation consisting essentially of: 'the formulation is capable of absorbing moisture from a body tissue to which it is applied thus forming, by swelling and overlapping of the particles, the film on the tissue surface.', 'a plurality of dry particles consisting essentially of a polymer combination, wherein the polymer combination ...