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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Применить Всего найдено 18718. Отображено 100.
05-01-2012 дата публикации

Foam-forming compositions containing mixtures of cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane and their uses in the preparation of polyisocyanate-based foams

Номер: US20120004336A1
Автор: Gary Loh, Joseph Anthony Creazzo
Принадлежит: EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co

Foam-forming compositions are disclosed which contain a mixture of cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane. Also disclosed is a closed-cell polyurethane or polyisocyanurate polymer foam prepared from reaction of an effective amount of the foam-forming composition with a suitable polyisocyanate. Also disclosed is a process for producing a closed-cell polyurethane or polyisocyanurate polymer foam by reacting an effective amount of the foam-forming composition with a suitable polyisocyanate.

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Номер записи: 1
12-01-2012 дата публикации

Nanofluids for Thermal Management Systems

Номер: US20120006509A1
Автор: Andrew M. Hayes, Dale A. McCants
Принадлежит: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA

A nanofluid is generally provided for use in a heat transfer system. The nanofluid can include nanoparticles suspended in a base liquid at a nanoparticle concentration in the nanofluid of about 0.01% to about 5% by volume. The nanoparticles can include zinc-oxide nanoparticles. The nanofluid for use in a heat transfer system can, in one embodiment, further include a surfactant. Thermal management systems configured to cool a computer having integrated circuits that generate heat during use are also provided. The thermal management system can include a zinc-oxide nanofluid circulated through a series of tubes via a pump such that heat produced by electronic components of the computer can be captured by the circulating nanofluid and then removed from the nanofluid by a radiator.

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Номер записи: 2
01-03-2012 дата публикации

Low cost process for manufacture of form-stable phase change material

Номер: US20120049402A1
Автор: Ramin Abhari
Принадлежит: Syntroleum Corp

The present invention generally relates to a method for manufacturing phase change material (PCM) pellets. The method includes providing a melt composition including paraffin and a polymer. The paraffin has a melt point between about 10° C. and about 50° C., and more preferably between about 18° C. and about 28° C. In one embodiment, the melt composition includes various additives, such as a flame retardant. The method further includes forming the melt composition into PCM pellets. The method further may include the step of cooling the melt to increase the melt viscosity before pelletizing.

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Номер записи: 3
15-03-2012 дата публикации

Azeotrope-like compositions comprising 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene

Номер: US20120064014A1
Автор: David J. Williams, Gary Knopeck, Hang T. Pham, Kane Cook, Leslie Bement, Rajat Basu, Rajiv R. Singh, Ryan Hulse
Принадлежит: Honeywell International Inc

An azeotrope-like mixture consisting essentially of chlorotrifluoropropene and at least one component selected from the group consisting of a C 1 -C 3 alcohol, a C 5 -C 6 hydrocarbon, a halogenated hydrocarbon, methylal, methyl acetone, water, nitromethane, and combinations thereof.

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Номер записи: 4
12-04-2012 дата публикации

Use of unsaturated hydrofluorocarbons

Номер: US20120085959A1
Автор: Christoph Meurer, Ercan Uenveren
Принадлежит: SOLVAY FLUOR GMBH

Use of certain hydrofluoroalkenes for foam blowing, solvent cleaning, refrigeration, as etching gas for semiconductor etching or chamber cleaning, heat transfer, fire extinguishing and for the production of aerosols.

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Номер записи: 5
17-05-2012 дата публикации

Azeotrope-like compositions comprising 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene

Номер: US20120122996A1
Автор: David J. Williams, Gary Knopeck, Hang T. Pham, Kane Cook, Leslie Bement, Rajat Basu, Rajiv R. Singh, Ryan Hulse
Принадлежит: Honeywell International Inc

An azeotrope-like mixture consisting essentially of chlorotrifluoropropene and at least one component selected from the group consisting of a C 1 -C 3 alcohol, a C 5 -C 6 hydrocarbon, a halogenated hydrocarbon, methylal, methyl acetone, water, nitromethane, and combinations thereof.

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Номер записи: 6
24-05-2012 дата публикации

Phase change energy storage in ceramic nanotube composites

Номер: US20120128869A1
Автор: Seth Adrian Miller
Принадлежит: EMPIRE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT LLC

The present disclosure generally relates to methods and systems for forming phase change material composites and to the thus formed phase change material composites. In some examples, a method for forming a phase change material (PCM) composite may include dispersing nanowire material in a nonpolar solvent to form a nanowire-solvent dispersion, adding a PCM to the nanowire-solvent dispersion to form a nanowire-solvent-PCM dispersion, heating the nanowire-solvent-PCM dispersion, and removing the solvent.

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Номер записи: 7
07-06-2012 дата публикации

Azeotrope-like compositions of tetrafluoropropene and alcohols

Номер: US20120141385A1
Автор: David J. Williams, Hang T. Pham, Jim M. Bowman, Justin L. Becker, Rajiv R. Singh
Принадлежит: Honeywell International Inc

A composition including an effective amount of trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene component combined with an effective amount of an alcohol selected from the group of methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, tert-butanol, isobutanol, 2-ethyl hexanol and any combination thereof, where the composition has azeotropic properties.

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Номер записи: 8
14-06-2012 дата публикации

Heat storage microcapsules and manufacturing method thereof

Номер: US20120148845A1
Автор: Ken Ohmura, Mikio Kouyama
Принадлежит: KONICA MINOLTA BUSINESS TECHNOLOGIES INC

Disclosed are heat storage microcapsules encapsulating a water-soluble heat storage material stably and certainly, heat storage microcapsules with high durability which prevent phase separation of an inorganic salt hydrate latent heat storage material, heat storage microcapsules which prevent supercooling of a latent heat storage material to exhibit stable heat history and a manufacturing method thereof. The heat storage microcapsules comprise a core covered with a shell, wherein the core contains (a) at least one water-soluble latent heat storage material selected from a salt hydrate and a sugar alcohol and (b) a polymer derived from a water-soluble monomer mixture of a water-soluble monofunctional monomer and a water-soluble multifunctional monomer, and the shell is composed of a hydrophobic resin.

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Номер записи: 9
14-06-2012 дата публикации

Polyurethane foams containing incorporated phase change material

Номер: US20120149795A1
Автор: Heike Niederelz, Stephan Schleiermacher
Принадлежит: BAYER MATERIALSCIENCE AG

The invention relates to polyurethane foams with incorporated phase change material, especially for reinforcing the back of deep-drawn films and components.

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Номер записи: 10
21-06-2012 дата публикации

Binary refrigerating fluid

Номер: US20120151959A1
Автор: Wissam Rached
Принадлежит: Arkema France SA

The invention relates to binary compositions of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and difluoromethane, and especially to the uses thereof as a heat transfer fluid in compression systems with exchangers operating in counterflow mode or in split flow mode with counterflow tendency. The invention also relates to a heat transfer method.

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Номер записи: 11
28-06-2012 дата публикации

Compositions comprising 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane or 2,3,3,3- tetrafluoropropene

Номер: US20120165578A1
Автор: Barry Asher Mahler, Jeffrey P. Knapp, Mario Joseph Nappa
Принадлежит: EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co

Disclosed are compositions comprising HFC-245 eb and at least one additional compound selected from the group consisting of HFO-1234 ze , HFC-245 fa , HFC-236 cb , HFC-236 ea , HFC-236 fa , HFC-227 ea , HFC-227 ca , HFO-1225 yc , HFO-1225 zc , HFO-1225 ye , methane, ethane, propane, HFC-23, HFC-143 a , HFC-134, HFC-134 a , FC-1216, HFO-1234 yf , HFC-254 eb , HFO-1243 zf , and HFC-254 fb . Compositions comprising HFC-245 eb are useful in processes to make HFO-1234 yf . Also disclosed are compositions comprising HFO-1234 yf and at least one additional compound selected from the group consisting of HFO-1234 ze , HFC-254 eb , HFC-254 fb , HFO-1243 zf , HFCHFC-245 eb , HFC-245 fa , HFC-245 cb , HFC-236 cb , HFC-236 ea , HFC-236 fa , HFC-227 ea , HFC-227 ca , HFO-1225 yc , HFO-1225 zc , HFO-1225 ye , methane, ethane, propane, HFC-23, HFC-134, HFC-134 a , HFO-1132 a and FC-1216. Compositions comprising HFO-1234 yf are useful as heat transfer compositions for use in refrigeration, air-conditioning and heat pump systems.

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Номер записи: 12
02-08-2012 дата публикации

Refractory material impregnated with phase change material, method for making the same, and temperature controlled chamber formed by the same

Номер: US20120196040A1
Автор: Jonathan Abi, Richard Wilk, JR.
Принадлежит: Individual

The present invention is directed to methods for forming heat absorbing bodies (and the resulting heat absorbing bodies and enclosures formed thereby) that utilize capillary action to draw a fluidic composition comprising a molten phase change material (PCM) into the interstitial spaces of a porous body of a refractory material. In one embodiment, the fluidic composition saturates substantially all of the interstitial spaces of a porous body of a fibrous ceramic refractory material.

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Номер записи: 13
30-08-2012 дата публикации

Cascade refrigeration system with fluoroolefin refrigerant

Номер: US20120216551A1
Автор: Barbara Haviland Minor, Konstantinos Kontomaris, Thomas J. Leck
Принадлежит: EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co

The present invention relates to a cascade refrigeration system which circulates a refrigerant comprising a fluoroolefin therethrough. The cascade refrigeration system includes a low temperature refrigeration loop and a medium temperature refrigeration loop. The fluoroolefin circulates through either loop, or both. In a particular embodiment, the fluoroolefin circulates through the medium temperature loop. In a particular embodiment, where the cascade refrigeration system includes a first and a second cascade heat exchanger, and a secondary heat transfer loop which extends between the first and second cascade heat exchangers, either the first and/or second refrigerant may be, but need not necessarily be, a fluoroolefin.

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Номер записи: 14
06-09-2012 дата публикации

Suspensions for protecting semiconductor materials and methods for producing semiconductor bodies

Номер: US20120225507A1
Автор: Gudrun Geyer, Kathrin Lampert, Mathias Kämpf
Принадлежит: OSRAM Opto Semiconductors GmbH

A suspension for protecting a semiconductor material includes a polymeric matrix as carrier medium, inorganic particles, and at least one of an absorber dye or a plasticizer.

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Номер записи: 15
27-09-2012 дата публикации

Methods and apparatus for latent heat (phase change) thermal storage and associated heat transfer and exchange

Номер: US20120241122A1
Автор: Rong Zhang, Xiaodong Xiang
Принадлежит: BlueLagoon Energy Tech Ltd

In various embodiments, phase change and heat exchange methods between heat collection, heat transfer, heat exchange, heat storage, and heat utility systems are described. In certain embodiments, the heat transfer fluids/heat exchange fluids, heat storage media, and working media in the system are all phase change materials with transition temperatures close to each other and in decreasing order and perform their respective function through phase changes within a relatively narrow temperature range. Methods to control heat transfer rate, heat exchange and/or heat charging/discharging rate between heat collection, thermal energy storage and heat utility apparatus at will are provided. Methods of controlling such systems are also provided.

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Номер записи: 16
04-10-2012 дата публикации

Operating medium for an absorption refrigeration device

Номер: US20120247144A1
Автор: Marc-Christoph Schneider, Matthias Seiler, Olivier Zehnacker, Rolf Schneider
Принадлежит: EVONIK DEGUSSA GmbH

The invention relates to an operating medium for an absorption refrigeration device, comprising 5 to 30 wt % water and 65 to 95 wt % of a sorption agent comprising lithium bromide and at least one ionic liquid and wherein the sorption agent comprises ionic liquid and lithium bromide in a weight ratio of 0.5:1 to 5:1, having a lower friction coefficient compared to an operating medium comprising water and lithium bromide.

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Номер записи: 17
04-10-2012 дата публикации

Technical field and industrial applicability of the invention

Номер: US20120251521A1
Автор: Bertha Rostro, Mehdie Kohanloo
Принадлежит: Bcr Science Pllc

The present invention is a solution or colloid of fullerene, SWNTs, or graphene in cyclic terpenes, lactones, terpene-alcohol, fatty-acid alcohols, and lactones following ultrasonication and ultracentrifugation processing, for oil-energy, biological, electrical-thermal applications. The compositions are useful as fuel/oil/grease/gels (synthetic included), oil/fuel/additives/propellants, identification dyes, and heat-transfer fluids. Other functions are phase-change fluids for solar energy power plants, antifreeze, electronic dyes, electrolytic fluid/solvent, electrically-thermally conductive material for electrochemical, dielectric, filler/adhesive for semiconductor, eletro-optical, and liquid crystal substrates/coatings for touch sensitive transmissive or reflective displays. When combined with gelatin the formulations can function as dichroic-optical coatings for thin-films/waveguides/holograms. Such formulations may also be used as photovoltaic paint, electrorheological, thermophoretic-thermodiffusion, electrohydrodynamics, electric propulsion, laser enhancement, plasma jets, and magnetohydrodynamics. Energy use includes high-temperature superconductivity, or hydrogen storage using carbon, alumina, or silica supported Pd, Pt, or Zn catalysts. Biological applications include anticancer, antiviral, antifungal, drug delivery, skin permeable agents, and lubricant use.

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Номер записи: 18
18-10-2012 дата публикации

Thermal storage medium composition and thermal storage medium

Номер: US20120261607A1
Автор: Junji Koujina, Masashi Shimakage, Susumu Komiyama, Takuya Sano, Toshiyuki Hayakawa
Принадлежит: JSR Corp

[Object] The invention provides a thermal storage medium composition capable of forming a thermal storage medium which is free from phase separation or liquid phase bleeding and is excellent in shape retention properties even at or above the maximum crystal transition temperature of a paraffin compound and further exhibits excellent fluidity when being shaped. [Solution] A thermal storage medium composition includes 100 parts by mass of a hydrogenated diene copolymer and 50 to 4000 parts by mass of a paraffin compound, the hydrogenated diene copolymer being a conjugated diene copolymer that is obtained by hydrogenating a block copolymer which includes a block (A) that contains structural units (a-1) derived from a conjugated diene compound and has a vinyl bond content of not more than 20 mol %, and a block (B) that contains structural units (b-1) derived from a conjugated diene compound and has a vinyl bond content of 30 to 95 mol %, the hydrogenation ratio with respect to the double bonds derived from the conjugated diene compounds being not less than 90%.

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Номер записи: 19
15-11-2012 дата публикации

Hot test fluid containing vapor phase inhibition

Номер: US20120286196A1
Автор: Jurgen P. De Kimpe, Serge S. Lievens
Принадлежит: Chevron USA Inc

This invention covers a formulation providing protection against corrosion in liquid and vapor phase. Such formulations are used in applications where engine parts or fuel cell systems are subjected to a “running-in” or “hot-test” prior to final assembly or storage. The invention includes a concentrate as well as a dilute solution. The synergistic combination of inorganic ammonium derivatives in combination with monocarboxylic or dicarboxylic acids increases the period of protection. This enables storage for a longer period when the engine parts are shipped or stored prior to assembling. The use of the described invention pre-conditions the metal surface and provides protection even if afterwards the liquid is almost completely removed.

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Номер записи: 20
27-12-2012 дата публикации

Nano-Templated Energy Storage Materials

Номер: US20120325200A1
Автор: Alexie M. Kolpak, Jeffrey C. Grossman
Принадлежит: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

A solar thermal fuel can include a plurality of photoswitchable moieties associated with a nanomaterial. The plurality of photoswitchable moieties can be densely arranged on the nanomaterial, such that adjacent photoswitchable moieties interact with one another. The solar thermal fuel can provide high volumetric energy density.

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Номер записи: 21
07-02-2013 дата публикации

Absorption heat pump with sorbent comprising a lithium salt and an organic salt with the same anion

Номер: US20130031931A1
Автор: Marc-Christoph Schneider, Matthias Seiler, Olivier Zehnacker, Rolf Schneider
Принадлежит: EVONIK DEGUSSA GmbH

An absorption heat pump with a sorbent comprising a lithium salt and at least one organic salt with an organic cation Q + , the lithium salt and organic salt having the same anion, the anion having a molar mass of not more than 200 g/mol and not being halide, and the organic cation Q + having a molar mass of not more than 200 g/mol, exhibits an improved degassing range of the working medium composed of refrigerant and sorbent.

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Номер записи: 22
07-03-2013 дата публикации

Heat-transfer fluids and use thereof in countercurrent heat exchangers

Номер: US20130055739A1
Автор: Wissam Rached
Принадлежит: Arkema France SA

The invention relates to a ternary composition comprising difluoromethane, 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and a hydrocarbon-derived compound containing at least two fluorine atoms and having a boiling point of between −30 and −20° C., which is selected from 1,1-difluoroethane, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene. This composition is particularly suitable for use as a heat-transfer fluid in the presence of countercurrent heat exchangers.

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Номер записи: 23
21-03-2013 дата публикации

METHOD FOR SELECTING LUBRICANTS FOR HEAT PUMPS

Номер: US20130067938A1
Автор: Seeton Christopher J., Spatz Mark W., THOMAS Raymond H., Wilson David P., Yana Motta Samuel F.
Принадлежит: HONEYWELL INTERNATIONAL INC.

Provided is a method for selecting a lubricant and a refrigerant for use in a vapor-compression refrigeration device such that the combination of the lubricant and refrigerant produces a fluid system having a lubricant-rich phase and a refrigerant-rich phase, yet exhibits miscible-type properties. 1. A method for selecting a refrigerant and lubricant for a vapor-compression refrigeration device system comprising:a. determining a lower operating temperature range of a vapor-compression refrigeration device;b. determining an upper operating temperature range of the vapor-compression refrigeration device; and{'sub': 2', '5, 'c. selecting a refrigerant comprising at least one Cto Cfluoroalkene at a first concentration and selecting a lubricant comprising at least one polyol ester, polyalkylene glycol, or polyalkylene glycol ester at a second concentration to produce a fluid system having a refrigerant-rich phase and a lubricant-rich phase at a first temperature within said lower operating temperature range and at a second temperature within said upper operating temperature range provided that said second temperature is higher than said first temperature, wherein the refrigerant-rich phase is denser relative to the lubricant-rich phase at said first temperature and wherein the lubricant-rich phase is denser relative to the refrigerant-rich phase at said second temperature, provided that the relative difference in densities between the two phases is less than 20% at said first temperature and less than 20% at said second temperature.'}2. The method of wherein said refrigerant-rich phase and said lubricant-rich phase are liquid and are substantially immiscible with each other at said first and second temperatures.3. The method of wherein said refrigerant has a density within a range of about 0.8 g/cmto about 1.2 g/cmwhen measured at a temperature within a range of about 25° C. to about 50° C. and wherein said lubricant has a density within a range of about 0.7 g/cmto about ...

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Номер записи: 24
21-03-2013 дата публикации

COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING 1,1,1,2,3-PENTAFLUOROPROPANE OR 2,3,3,3-TETRAFLUOROPROPENE

Номер: US20130068989A1
Автор: KNAPP JEFFREY P., MAHLER Barry Asher, Nappa Mario Joseph
Принадлежит: E I DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY

Disclosed are compositions comprising HFC-245eb and at least one additional compound selected from the group consisting of HFO-1234ze, HFC-245fa, HFC-236cb, HFC-236ea, HFC-236fa, HFC-227ea, HFC-227ca, HFO-1225yc, HFO-1225zc, HFO-1225ye, methane, ethane, propane, HFC-23, HFC-143a, HFC-134, HFC-134a, FC-1216, HFO-1234yf, HFC-254eb, HFO-1243zf, and HFC-254fb. Compositions comprising HFC-245eb are useful in processes to make HFO-1234yf. Also disclosed are compositions comprising HFO-1234yf and at least one additional compound selected from the group consisting of HFO-1234ze, HFC-254eb, HFC-254fb, HFO-1243zf, HFCHFC-245eb, HFC-245fa, HFC-245cb, HFC-236cb, HFC-236ea, HFC-236fa, HFC-227ea, HFC-227ca, HFO-1225yc, HFO-1225zc, HFO-1225ye, methane, ethane, propane, HFC-23, HFC-134, HFC-134a, HFO-1132a and FC-1216. Compositions comprising HFO-1234yf are useful as heat transfer compositions for use in refrigeration, air-conditioning and heat pump systems. 13-. (canceled)4. A composition comprising HFO-1234yf and at least one additional compound selected from the group consisting of HFO-1234ze , HFC-254eb , HFC-254fb , HFO-1243zf , HFC-245eb , HFC-245fa , HFC-245cb , HFC-236cb , HFC-236ea , HFC-236fa , HFC-227ea , HFC-227ca , HFO-1225yc , HFO-1225zc , HFO-1225ye , 3 ,3 ,3-trifluoropropyne , methane , ethane , propane , HFC-23 , HFC-143a , HFC-134 , HFC-134a , HFO-1132a , and FC-1216; wherein the composition comprises HFO-1234ze and at least one other additional compound.51. The composition of claim containing less than about 1 weight percent of the at least one additional compound.61. The composition of claim wherein the composition comprises HFO-1234ze and at least one of HFC-245eb , HFC-245fa or HFC-245cb.71. The composition of claim wherein the composition comprises E-HFO-1234ze and Z-HFO-1234ze.8. A composition comprising HFC-245eb and at least one additional compound selected from the group consisting of HFO-1234ze , HFC-245fa , HFC-236cb , HFC-236ea , HFC-236fa , HFC-227ea ...

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Номер записи: 25
28-03-2013 дата публикации

PROCESS

Номер: US20130079562A1
Автор: McCarthy John Charles, Sharratt Andrew Paul
Принадлежит:

A process for isomerising a (hydrohalo)fluoroalkene, the process comprising contacting the (hydrohalo)fluoroalkene with a catalyst a catalyst which is a chromia-containing catalyst supported on AlFor fluorinated alumina. 1. A process for isomerising a (hydrohalo)fluoroalkene , the process comprising contacting the (hydrohalo)fluoroalkene with a catalyst which is a chromia-containing catalyst supported on AlFor fluorinated alumina.2. A process for isomerising a (hydrohalo)fluoroalkene , the process comprising contacting a E-(hydrohalo)fluoroalkene with a catalyst which is a chromia-containing catalyst supported on AlFor fluorinated alumina to convert the E-(hydrohalo)fluoroalkene to a Z-(hydrohalo)fluoroalkene a Z-(hydrohalo)fluoroalkene.3. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the isomerisation results in the changing of the ratio of the E and Z isomers.4. A process according to claim 3 , wherein the ratio of the Z isomer to the E isomer increases.5. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the isomerisation is carried out as an in situ step in the synthesis of the (hydrohalo)fluoroalkene.6. A process according to claim 5 , wherein the isomerisation results in a changing of the ratio of the E to Z isomer compared to what it would have been if the catalyst had not been utilized.7. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the ratio of E to Z isomers changes from that which is the kinetic equilibrium from the reaction preparing the (hydrohalo)fluoroalkene.8. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the chromia-containing catalyst contains an additional metal selected from zinc claim 1 , magnesium claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , cobalt claim 1 , silver claim 1 , copper claim 1 , aluminium claim 1 , tin claim 1 , zirconium claim 1 , and mixtures thereof claim 1 , and preferably comprises zinc.9. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the metal in the chromia-containing catalyst is present at a level of at least 0.01% by weight of the catalyst claim 1 , or wherein the ...

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Номер записи: 26
18-04-2013 дата публикации

FLUORO OLEFIN COMPOUNDS USEFUL AS ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE WORKING FLUIDS

Номер: US20130091843A1
Автор: BROWN ANDREW, HULSE RYAN, ZYHOWSKI GARY J.
Принадлежит: HONEYWELL INTERNATIONAL INC.

Aspects of the present invention are directed to working fluids and their use in processes wherein the working fluids comprise compounds having the structure of formula (I): 2. The process of wherein the working fluid is selected from the group consisting of 1 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene(E) claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene(Z) and combinations thereof.3. The process of wherein the working fluid comprises a blend of 1 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene and 2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene.4. The process of claim 3 , wherein 1 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene comprises 1 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene(E).5. The process of claim 3 , wherein 2 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene is provided in an amount from greater than about 0 wt % to about 40 wt. % and 1 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene is provided in an amount from less than 100 wt. % to about 60 wt. %.6. The process of claim 3 , wherein 2 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene is provided in an amount from greater than about 0 wt % to about 30 wt. % and 1 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene is provided in an amount from less than 100 wt. % to about 70 wt. %;7. The process of claim 3 , wherein 2 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene is provided in an amount from about 5 wt % to about 30 wt. % and 1 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene is provided in an amount from about 95 wt % to about 70 wt. %.8. The process of claim 3 , wherein 2 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene is provided in an amount from about 10 wt % to about 30 wt. %; and 1 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene is provided in an amount from about 90 wt % to about 70 wt. %.9. A process for converting thermal energy to mechanical energy comprising:heating a the working fluid to a temperature sufficient to ...

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Номер записи: 27
18-04-2013 дата публикации

COMPOSITION COMPRISING 2,3,3,3-TETRAFLUOROPROPENE

Номер: US20130092869A1
Автор: Boussand Beatrice
Принадлежит: Arkema France

The invention relates to a composition comprising a lubricant based on polyol esters (POE) and a refrigerant F including at least 99.8 wt % 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, between 0.5 and 500 ppm 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropene, between 0.5 and 500 ppm trifluoropropyne and between 1 and 500 ppm compounds based on or carbon atoms optionally including an olefinic bond. 1) Composition comprising at least one lubricant based on polyol esters (POEs) and a refrigerant F comprising at least 99.8% by weight of 2 ,3 ,3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene , from 0.5 to 500 ppm of 1 ,1 ,1 ,2 ,3-pentafluoropmpene , from 0.5 to 500 ppm of 3 ,3 ,3-trifluoropropyne and from 1 to 1500 ppm of compounds containing 2 or 3 carbon atoms.2) Composition according to claim 1 , characterized in that the refrigerant F comprises at least 99.9% by weight of 2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene claim 1 , from 0.5 to 250 ppm of 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,2 claim 1 ,3-pentafluoropropene claim 1 , from 0.5 to 250 ppm of 3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropyne and from 1 to 500 ppm of compounds containing 2 or 3 carbon atoms.3) Composition according to claim 1 , characterized in that the refrigerant F comprises at least 99.95% by weight of 2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene claim 1 , from 0.5 to 250 ppm of 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,2 claim 1 ,3-pentafluoropropene claim 1 , from 0.5 to 100 ppm of 3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluompropyne and from 1 to 150 ppm of compounds containing 2 or 3 carbon atoms.4) Composition according to claim 1 , characterized in that said polyol esters (POEs) are formed from polyols having a neopentyl backbone.5) Composition according to claim 1 , characterized in that the POEs are obtained from a linear or branched carboxylic acid containing from 2 to 15 carbon atoms.6) Composition according to claim 1 , characterized in that said polyol esters (POEs) represent(s) between 10% and 50% by weight of the composition.7) Composition according to ...

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Номер записи: 28
18-04-2013 дата публикации

COOLANT COMPOSITION FOR FUEL CELL

Номер: US20130092870A1
Автор: Ha Young Joo, Jo Chang Yeol, Lee Hong Ki
Принадлежит: KUKDONG JEYEN COMPANY LIMITED

A coolant composition for a fuel cell, including (a) an alkylene glycol, (b) deionized water, and (c) a compound containing a trimethylsilyl group. The compound containing a trimethylsilyl group of the composition of the present invention prevents the oxidation of the alkylene glycol, and thus the generation of an acid is 700 ppm or less. Additionally, the compound prevent the oxidation of the alkylene glycol, thereby inhibiting the generation of an ionic material, and thus the rate of change of electrical conductivity (conductivity after oxidation/initial conductivity) can be maintained to be 40 times or less. Therefore, the coolant composition for a fuel cell of the present invention can be used as a coolant for a cooling system of a fuel cell driving device with an electrical conductivity of 40 μs/cm or less even without being frozen in the winter. 2. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein alkylene glycol is selected from the group consisting of monoethylene glycol claim 1 , monopropylene glycol claim 1 , diethylene glycol claim 1 , dipropylene glycol claim 1 , glycerin claim 1 , triethylene glycol and tripropylene glycol.5. The composition according to claim 4 , wherein the compound is trimethylsilyl bromide; trimethylsilyl chloride; trimethylsilyl azide; trimethylsilyl methyester; trimethylsilyl amine; trimethylsilyl dimethylamine; trimethylsilyl diethylamine; N-trimethylsilyl acetamide; or N claim 4 ,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide.6. The composition according to claim 5 , wherein the compound is N claim 5 ,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide or N-trimethylsilyl acetamide.7. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises 30-60% by weight of the alkylene glycol claim 1 , 35-65% by weight of the deionized water and 0.001-5% by weight of the compound represented by the Formula I based on the total weight of the composition.8. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the compound prevents the oxidation of alkylene glycol to keep ...

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Номер записи: 29
18-04-2013 дата публикации

HEAT TRANSFER COMPOSITIONS OF HYDROFLUOROCARBONS AND A HYDROFLUOROOLEFIN

Номер: US20130096218A1
Автор: Rached Wissam, Spletzer Stephen, Van Horn Brett L.
Принадлежит: Arkema Inc.

The present invention relates to heat transfer compositions comprising 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, difluoromethane, pentafluoroethane, and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane for use in refrigeration, air-conditioning, heat pump systems, and other heat transfer applications. The inventive heat transfer compositions can possess reduced global warming potential while providing good capacity and performance. 1. A heat transfer composition comprising difluoromethane , pentafluoroethane , 1 ,1 ,1 ,2-tetrafluoroethane , and 2 ,3 ,3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene.2. The heat transfer composition of comprising from 1% to 97% difluoromethane claim 1 , from 1% to 97% pentafluoroethane claim 1 , from 1% to 97% 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,2-tetrafluoroethane claim 1 , and from 1% to 97% 2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene on a weight basis.3. The heat transfer composition of comprising from about 10% to 35% difluoromethane claim 1 , from about 10% to 35% pentafluoroethane claim 1 , from about 10% to 60% 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,2-tetrafluoroethane and from about 10% to 60% 2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene on a weight basis.4. The heat transfer composition of comprising from about 15% to 30% difluoromethane claim 1 , from about 15% to 30% pentafluoroethane claim 1 , from about 15% to 40% 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,2-tetrafluoroethane and from about 15% to 40% 2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene on a weight basis.5. The heat transfer composition of comprising less than about 40 wt % pentafluoroethane and greater than about 10 wt % 2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene.6. The heat transfer composition of comprising less than about 30 wt % pentafluoroethane and greater than about 20 wt % 2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene.7. The heat transfer composition of comprising about 5% to 40% by weight of difluoromethane and greater than about 10% by weight of 2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3- ...

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Номер записи: 30
25-04-2013 дата публикации

COMPRESSOR AND REFRIGERATION CYCLE DEVICE USING SAME

Номер: US20130098101A1
Автор: ISHIDA Yoshinori
Принадлежит: Panasonic Corporation

According to a compressor and a refrigeration cycle device using same of the present invention, a refrigerant and refrigeration oil are sealed in an container , the refrigerant is a hydrofluoroolefin having double bond of carbon in its composition or a mixture of hydrofluoroolefin as a base component and hydrofluorocarbon having no double bond, and at least one of benzotriazole, dialkyl dithiophosphoric acid zinc, dialkyl selenium, metal phenate, and organic nitrogen compound is included in the refrigeration oil , and it is an object to suppress the decomposition and polymerization of refrigeration oil and a refrigerant, and to secure reliability of the compressor and the refrigeration cycle device. 1. A compressor wherein a refrigerant and refrigeration oil are sealed , the refrigerant is a hydrofluoroolefin having double bond of carbon in its composition or a mixture of hydrofluoroolefin as a base component and hydrofluorocarbon having no double bond , and at least one of benzotriazole , dialkyl dithiophosphoric acid zinc , dialkyl selenium , metal phenate , and organic nitrogen compound is included in the refrigeration oil.2. The compressor according to claim 1 , wherein an amine-based antioxidant is included in the refrigeration oil.3. The compressor according to claim 2 , wherein the amine-based antioxidant is at least one of phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine and dialkyl diphenyl amine.4. The compressor according to claim 1 , wherein a phenol-based antioxidant is included in the refrigeration oil.5. The compressor according to claim 4 , wherein the phenol-based antioxidant is at least one of 2 claim 4 , 6-ditertiary-butyl-p-cresol (DBPC) claim 4 , 3-arylbenzofuran-2-one (intramolecule cyclic ester of hydroxycarboxylic acid).6. The compressor according to claim 1 , wherein a sulfur claim 1 , phosphorus-based antioxidant is included in the refrigeration oil.7. The compressor according to claim 6 , wherein the sulfur claim 6 , phosphorus-based antioxidant is at least one ...

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Номер записи: 31
25-04-2013 дата публикации

COMPOSITIONS OF TETRAFLUOROPENE AND POLYOL ESTER LUBRICANTS

Номер: US20130099154A1
Автор: Boussand Beatrice, Van Horn Brett L.
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to heat transfer fluid combinations for use in refrigeration, heat transfer, heat pump, and air conditioning applications. More particularly, the present invention relates to heat transfer fluid combinations of 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and polyol ester (POE) oils which are useful in refrigeration, heat transfer, heat pump, and air conditioning systems. 1. A heat transfer composition comprising 1 ,3 ,3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene and a polyol ester oil.2. The heat transfer composition of where the 1 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene is the trans-isomer.3. The heat transfer composition of wherein the polyol ester oil comprises 10 to 50% by weight of the polyol ester oil and 1 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene composition.4. The heat transfer composition of where the polylol ester oil is obtained by reacting a carboxylic acid with a polyol comprising a neopentyl backbone selected from the group consisting of neopentyl glycol claim 1 , trimethylol propane claim 1 , pentaerythritol claim 1 , dipentaerythritol claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.5. The heat transfer composition of where the polylol ester oil is obtained by reacting an alcohol with a carboxylic acid having 2 to 15 carbons.6. The heat transfer composition of where the carboxylic acid is linear or branched. The present invention relates to heat transfer fluids comprising 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and polyol ester (POE) oils. The formulations of the present invention are particularly useful compositions for use in refrigeration, heat transfer, heat pump, and air conditioning systems.With continued regulatory pressure there is a growing need to identify more environmentally sustainable replacements for refrigerants, heat transfer fluids, foam blowing agents, solvents, and aerosols with lower ozone depleting and global warming potentials. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFC), widely used for these applications, are ozone ...

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Номер записи: 32
25-04-2013 дата публикации

THERMALLY CONDUCTIVE REINFORCING COMPOSITION, THERMALLY CONDUCTIVE REINFORCING SHEET, REINFORCING METHOD, AND REINFORCING STRUCTURE

Номер: US20130101772A1
Автор: Mase Takuya, Terada Yoshio, Tojo Midori
Принадлежит: NITTO DENKO CORPORATION

A thermally conductive reinforcing composition includes a curing component, a rubber component, and thermally conductive particles. 1. A thermally conductive reinforcing composition comprising:a curing component, a rubber component, and thermally conductive particles.2. The thermally conductive reinforcing composition according to claim 1 , whereinthe thermally conductive particles are made of aluminum hydroxide.3. The thermally conductive reinforcing composition according to claim 1 , whereinthe curing component contains an epoxy resin and a curing agent, andthe curing agent is a thermally curable type.4. The thermally conductive reinforcing composition according to claim 1 , whereinthe rubber component contains a styrene synthetic rubber and/or an acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber.5. A thermally conductive reinforcing sheet comprising:a resin layer made of a thermally conductive reinforcing composition, whereinthe thermally conductive reinforcing composition comprises:a curing component, a rubber component, and thermally conductive particles.6. The thermally conductive reinforcing sheet according to claim 5 , whereinthe thermally conductive reinforcing sheet includes a reinforcing layer laminated on one surface of the resin layer.7. A reinforcing method comprising:attaching a thermally conductive reinforcing sheet to an object to be reinforced to be then cured, whereinthe thermally conductive reinforcing sheet comprises:a resin layer made of a thermally conductive reinforcing composition, andthe thermally conductive reinforcing composition comprises:a curing component, a rubber component, and thermally conductive particles.8. A reinforcing structure formed by attaching a thermally conductive reinforcing sheet to an object to be reinforced to then cure the resin layer claim 5 , whereinthe object to be reinforced is a casing of an electrical/electronic device, and the thermally conductive reinforcing sheet comprises:a resin layer made of a thermally conductive ...

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Номер записи: 33
02-05-2013 дата публикации

Use of compositions comprising 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane and optionally z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene in power cycles

Номер: US20130104548A1
Автор: Konstantinos Kontomaris
Принадлежит: EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co

A method is provided for converting heat from a heat source to mechanical energy. The method comprises heating a working fluid using heat supplied from the heat source; and expanding the heated working fluid to lower the pressure of the working fluid and generate mechanical energy as the pressure of the working fluid is lowered. The method is characterized by using a working fluid comprising HFC-245eb and optionally Z-HFO-1336mzz. A power cycle apparatus containing a working fluid to convert heat to mechanical energy is also provided. The apparatus is characterized by containing a working fluid comprising HFC-245eb and optionally Z-HFO-1336mzz. A working fluid comprising HFC-245eb and optionally Z-HFO-1336mzz is also provided. The working fluid (i) further comprises E-HFO-1336mzz, (ii) has a temperature above its critical temperature, or both (i) and (ii).

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Номер записи: 34
02-05-2013 дата публикации

Use of compositions comprising 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane and optionally z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene in chillers

Номер: US20130104573A1
Автор: Konstantinos Kontomaris
Принадлежит: EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co

A method is provided for producing cooling in a chiller having an evaporator wherein a refrigerant composition is evaporated to cool a heat transfer medium. The method comprises evaporating a refrigerant composition comprising HFC-245eb and optionally Z—HFO-1336mzz in the evaporator. Additionally, a composition is provided comprising: (1) a refrigerant composition consisting essentially of HFC-245eb and Z—HFO-1336mzz; (2) a lubricant suitable for use in a chiller; wherein the Z—HFO-1336mzz in the refrigerant composition is at least about 41 weight percent. Also, a chiller apparatus is provided comprising an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser and a pressure reduction device, all of which are in fluid communication in the order listed and through which a refrigerant flows from one component to the next in a repeating cycle.

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Номер записи: 35
02-05-2013 дата публикации

STABLE 2,3,3,3-TETRAFLUOROPROPENE COMPOSITION

Номер: US20130105724A1
Автор: Boussand Beatrice
Принадлежит: Arkema France

The invention relates to a stable composition (CS) comprising at least x wt.-% 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (99.8≦x<100), at most y wt.-% unsaturated compound(s) (Ia) (0 Подробнее

Номер записи: 36
02-05-2013 дата публикации

AZEOTROPE-LIKE COMPOSITIONS INCLUDING CIS-1-CHLORO-3,3,3-TRIFLUOROPROPENE

Номер: US20130109771A1
Автор: Basu Rajat S., COOK KANE D., HULSE RYAN
Принадлежит: HONEYWELL INTERNATIONAL INC.

The present invention relates, in part, to azeotrope and azeotrope-like mixtures consisting essentially of consisting essentially of cis-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene and a second component selected from the group water, hexane, HFC-365mfc, and perfluoro(2-methyl-3-pentanone). 1. A composition comprising a binary azeotrope or azeotrope-like mixture consisting essentially of cis-1-chloro-3 ,3 ,3-trifluoropropene and a second component selected from the group consisting of water and perfluoro(2-methyl-3-pentanone).2. The composition of wherein said azeotrope or azeotrope-like mixture consists essentially of about 50 to about 99.99 weight percent cis-1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene and about 0.01 to about 50 weight percent water.3. The composition of wherein said azeotrope or azeotrope-like mixture consists essentially of about 70 to about 99.99 weight percent cis-1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene and about 0.01 to about 30 weight percent water.4. The composition of wherein said azeotrope or azeotrope-like mixture consists essentially of about 74 to about 99.99 weight percent cis-1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene and about 0.01 to about 26 weight percent water.5. The composition of wherein said azeotrope or azeotrope-like mixture consists essentially of cis-1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene and water and has a boiling point of about 36.7° C.±1° C. at ambient pressure.6. The composition of wherein said azeotrope or azeotrope-like mixture consists essentially of about 50 to about 99.99 weight percent cis-1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene and about 0.01 to about 50 weight percent perfluoro(2-methyl-3-pentanone).7. The composition of wherein said azeotrope or azeotrope-like mixture consists essentially of about 55 to about 99.99 weight percent cis-1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene and about 0.01 to about 45 weight percent perfluoro(2-methyl-3-pentanone).8. The composition of ...

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Номер записи: 37
16-05-2013 дата публикации

HEAT TRANSFER COMPOSITIONS

Номер: US20130119299A1
Автор: Low Robert E.
Принадлежит: MEXICHEM AMANCO HOLDING SA DE CV

The invention provides a heat transfer composition comprising (i) a first component selected from trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)), cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(Z)) and mixtures thereof; (ii) carbon dioxide (R-744); and (iii) a third component selected from difluoromethane (R-32) 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a) and mixtures thereof. 1. A heat transfer composition comprising:(i) a first component selected from R-1234ze(E), R-1234ze(Z), or mixtures thereof;(ii) a second component that is R 744; and(iii) a third component selected from R-32, R-134a, or mixtures thereof.2. A composition according to wherein the first component is R-1234ze(E) or a mixture of R-1234ze(E) and R-1234ze(Z).3. A composition according to comprising at least about 15% by weight R-1234ze(E).4. A composition according to comprising up to about 35% by weight R 744.5. A composition according to comprising from about 4 to about 30% R-744 by weight.6. A composition according to comprising up to about 60% by weight of the third component.7. A composition according to comprising from about 10 to about 95% R-1234ze(E) by weight claim 1 , from about 2 to about 30% by weight R-744 claim 1 , and from about 3 to about 60% by weight of the third component.8. A composition according to wherein the composition has a critical temperature of greater than about 65° C.9. A composition according to wherein the third component is R-134a or a mixture of R-134a and R-32.10. A composition according to comprising from about 20 to about 94% by weight R-1234ze(E) claim 1 , from about 2 to about 30% by weight R-744 and from about 4 to about 50% by weight R-134a.11. A composition according to comprising from about 60 to about 92% R-1234ze(E) claim 10 , from about 4 to about 30% by weight R-744 and from about 4 to about 10% by weight R-134a.12. A composition according to comprising from about 20 to about 86% R-1234ze(E) claim 10 , from about 4 to about 30% by weight R-744 and from about 10 to ...

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Номер записи: 38
16-05-2013 дата публикации

STABLE FORMULATED SYSTEMS WITH CHLORO-3,3,3-TRIFLUOROPROPENE

Номер: US20130119300A1
Автор: Bonnet Philippe, Chen Benjamin bin, Elsheikh Maher Y., Van Horn Brett L.
Принадлежит: Arkema Inc.

The present invention relates to formulated refrigerant systems of 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (R-1233zd) that are sufficiently thermally and chemically stable such that they can be effectively used sans additional stabilizers. The formulations of the present invention are particularly useful compositions for refrigeration, heat transfer. 1. A refrigerant composition comprising lubricants , metals , water , and mixtures thereof and the halogenated olefin 1-chloro-3 ,3 ,3-trifluorpropene wherein more than about 99 wt % of said halogenated olefin remains after exposure of said composition to temperature of 140° C. for 48 hours.2. The halogenated olefin composition of wherein said lubricant is selected from the group consisting of mineral oils claim 1 , alkyl benzene oils claim 1 , polyol ester oils claim 1 , polyalkylene glycol oils claim 1 , polyvinyl ether oils claim 1 , poly(alphaolefin) oils and mixtures thereof.3. The halogenated olefin composition of wherein said metal is selected from the group consisting of steel claim 1 , stainless steel claim 1 , aluminum claim 1 , iron claim 1 , copper claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.4. The halogenated olefin composition of wherein said 1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene is predominantly trans-1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene.5. The halogenated olefin composition of wherein said 1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene is greater than about 70% trans-1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene.6. The halogenated olefin composition of wherein said 1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene is consists essentially of trans-1-chloro-3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene.7. A refrigeration system claim 1 , air conditioning system claim 1 , or heat transfer system containing the halogenated olefin composition of .8. The halogenated olefin composition of further comprising a component selected from the group consisting of hydrofluorocarbons claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 39
16-05-2013 дата публикации

Method of modulated exothermic chemical systems through phase change materials

Номер: US20130119301A1
Автор: Aydin K. Sunol, Sermin G. Sunol
Принадлежит: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA

The chemical reactions modulation of temperature and dissipate heat through using phase change materials (PCM). Hydration of a mixture composed of encapsulated and/or non-encapsulated oxides such as calcium oxide and/or magnesium oxide and dehydrated and/or hydrated zeolite coupled with control of pH of mixture through compounds such as Citric acid, or combination exothermic mixes, such as Cao and Mg—Fe, provide sustained heat release and heat retention tailored by addition of PCMs. The modulation may include timed/controlled release from encapsulated reactants and may include particles with tailored size distribution and different burn characteristics. The phase change materials used include organics (paraffins, non paraffins and fatty acids) and inorganics (salt hydrates). The selection of PCM is based on compatibility with the reacting mix, added reacting aqueous medium, and the desired temperature the system is to be held constant or temperature range it is desired to be modulated.

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Номер записи: 40
16-05-2013 дата публикации

MEDIUM FOR IMPROVING THE HEAT TRANSFER IN STEAM GENERATING PLANTS

Номер: US20130119303A1
Автор: De Bache Andre, Hater Wolfgang, Zum Kolk Christian
Принадлежит: BK GIULINI GMBH

The present invention relates to a medium in the form of an aqueous mixture for improving the heat transfer coefficient and use thereof in power plant technology, in particular in steam generating plants. The medium contains at least one film-forming amine (component a) with the general formula: R—(NH—(CH2)m)n—NH2/, where R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with a chain length between 12 and 22 and m is an integral number between 1 and 8 and n is an integral number between 0 and 7, contained in amounts up to 15%. 1. A medium for improving the heat transfer coefficient in steam generating plants , said medium comprising at least one film-forming amine (component a) in amounts of up to 15% with the general formula:{'sub': 2', 'm', 'n', '2, 'a. R—(NH—(CH))—NH, wherein R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with a chain length of between 12 and 22, m is a whole number between 1 and 8 and n is a whole number between 0 and 7.'}3. The medium according to claim 1 , characterized in that the compound octadecenyl propane-1 claim 1 ,3-diamine in amounts of 0.5 to 5 weight % is used for the film-forming amine (component a).4. The medium according to claim 2 , characterized in that ammonia and/or cyclohexylamine and/or morpholine and/or diethylaminoethanol and/or aminomethylpropanol is used for the component b.5. The medium according to claim 2 , characterized in that 15 to 20 EO units of ethoxylated talcum amine are used for component c.6. A method for improving heat transfer in steam generating plants claim 1 , comprising adding the medium according to thewherein the concentration of the film-forming amine (component a) in a condensate is 0.05 to 2 ppm, preferably 0.1 to 1 ppm.7. The medium according to claim 4 , wherein component b is used in an amount up to 30%.8. The medium according to claim 5 , where component c is used in an amount of 0.5 to 1 weight %. The present invention relates to a medium in the form of an aqueous mixture for improving the heat transfer ...

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Номер записи: 41
16-05-2013 дата публикации

CLATHRATE HYDRATE WITH LATENT HEAT STORING CAPABILITY, PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME, AND APPARATUS THEREFOR, LATENT HEAT STORING MEDIUM, AND METHOD OF INCREASING AMOUNT OF LATENT HEAT OF CLATHRATE HYDRATE AND PROCESSING APPARATUS FOR INCREASING AMOUNT OF LATENT HEAT OF CLATHRATE HYDRATE

Номер: US20130119304A1
Автор: Takao Shingo, TOMURA Keiji
Принадлежит: JFE ENGINEERING CORPORATION

An apparatus for production of a clathrate hydrate with enhanced latent heat storing capability includes a gas supplier for supplying a gas to an aqueous solution containing a quaternary ammonium compound, and a cooler for cooling the aqueous solution, the apparatus producing the clathrate hydrate with enhanced latent heat storing capability including both the quaternary ammonium compound and the gas as guests by supplying the gas to the aqueous solution with the gas supplier in the stage of cooling with the cooler. 1. A clathrate hydrate with latent heat storing capability comprising a quaternary ammonium compound as a guest , further comprising a gas supplied from outside as a further guest in the stage of generation of the clathrate hydrate to thereby enhance the latent heat storing capability.2. A clathrate hydrate with latent heat storing capability comprising both a quaternary ammonium compound and a gas as guests , the clathrate hydrate being produced by supplying a gas from outside to an aqueous solution containing a quaternary ammonium compound and cooling the aqueous solution.3. A latent heat storing medium comprising the clathrate hydrate according to as a composition.4. A latent heat storing medium comprising the clathrate hydrate according to as a composition.5. (canceled)6. A process for producing a clathrate hydrate with latent heat storing capability claim 2 , comprising:supplying a gas from outside to an aqueous solution containing a quaternary ammonium compound and cooling the aqueous solution, thereby producing a clathrate hydrate including the quaternary ammonium compound and the gas as guests to enhance the latent heat storing capability of the clathrate hydrate.7. (canceled)8. The process for producing a clathrate hydrate according to claim 6 , wherein the gas supplied from outside has a temperature lower than a melting point of the clathrate hydrate.9. The process for producing a clathrate hydrate according to claim 6 , wherein the gas ...

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Номер записи: 42
23-05-2013 дата публикации

HEAT TRANSFER COMPOSITIONS

Номер: US20130126776A1
Автор: Low Robert E.
Принадлежит: MEXICHEM AMANCO HOLDING S.A. DE C.V.

The invention provides a heat transfer composition comprising (i) a first component selected from trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)), cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(Z)) and mixtures thereof; (ii) carbon dioxide (R-744); and (iii) a third component selected from propylene (R-1270), propane (R-290), n-butane (R-600), isobutane (R-600a), and mixtures thereof. 1. A heat transfer composition comprising:(i) a first component selected from R-1234ze(E), R-1234ze(Z), and mixtures thereof;(ii) a second component that is R-744; and(iii) a third component selected from R-1270, R-290, R-600, R600a, and mixtures thereof.2. A composition according to wherein the first component is R-1234ze(E) or a mixture of R-1234ze(E) and R-1234ze(Z).3. A composition according to comprising at least about 15% by weight R-1234ze(E).4. A composition according to comprising up to about 35% by weight R-744.5. A composition according to comprising from about 4 to about 30% R-744 by weight.6. A composition according to comprising up to about 20% by weight of the third component.7. A composition according to comprising from about 50 to about 95% R-1234ze(E) by weight claim 1 , from about 2 to about 30% by weight R-744 claim 1 , and from about 3 to about 20% by weight of the third component.8. A composition according to wherein the composition has a critical temperature of greater than about 65° C.9. A composition according to wherein the third component is selected from propylene claim 1 , propane claim 1 , isobutane and mixtures thereof.10. A composition according to comprising from about 60 to about 95% R-1234ze(E) claim 9 , from about 4 to about 30% by weight R-744 and from about 1 to about 10% by weight propylene.11. A composition according to comprising from about 64 to about 88% R-1234ze(E) claim 10 , from about 10 to about 28% by weight R-744 and from about 2 to about 8% by weight propylene.12. A composition according to comprising from about 60 to about 95% R-1234ze(E) ...

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Номер записи: 43
23-05-2013 дата публикации

HEAT TRANSFER COMPOSITIONS

Номер: US20130126777A1
Автор: Low Robert E.
Принадлежит: Mexichem Mnco Holding S.A. de C.V.

The invention provides a heat transfer composition comprising (i) a first component selected from trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)), cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(Z)) and mixtures thereof; (ii) carbon dioxide (R-744); and (iii) a third component selected from 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a), fluoroethane (R-161), and mixtures thereof. 1. A heat transfer composition comprising:(i) a first component selected from R-1234ze(E), R-1234ze(Z), and mixtures thereof;(ii) a second component that is R-744; and(iii) a third component selected from R-152a, R-161, and mixtures thereof.2. A composition according to wherein the first component is R-1234ze(E) or a mixture of R-1234ze(E) and R-1234ze(Z).3. A composition according to comprising at least about 15% by weight R-1234ze(E).4. A composition according to comprising up to about 35% by weight R-744.5. A composition according to comprising from about 4 to about 30% R-744 by weight.6. A composition according to comprising up to about 60% by weight of the third component.7. A composition according to comprising from about 10 to about 95% R-1234ze(E) by weight claim 1 , from about 2 to about 30% by weight R-744 claim 1 , and from about 3 to about 60% by weight of the third component.8. A composition according to wherein the composition has a critical temperature of greater than about 65° C.9. A composition according to wherein the third component is R-152a or a mixture of R-152a and R-161.10. A composition according to comprising from about 30 to about 94% R-1234ze(E) claim 9 , from about 4 to about 30% by weight R-744 and from about 2 to about 40% by weight R-152a.11. A composition according to comprising from about 42 to about 85% R-1234ze(E) claim 10 , from about 10 to about 28% by weight R-744 and from about 5 to about 30% by weight R-152a.12. A composition according to wherein the third component is R-161 or a mixture of R-161 and R-152a.13. A composition according to comprising from about 45 to about 94% ...

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Номер записи: 44
23-05-2013 дата публикации

Heat transfer compositions

Номер: US20130126778A1
Автор: Robert E. Low
Принадлежит: MEXICHEM AMANCO HOLDING SA DE CV

The invention provides a heat transfer composition comprising (i) a first component selected from trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)), cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(Z)) and mixtures thereof; (ii) carbon dioxide (R-744); and (iii) a third component selected from 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234yf), 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (R-1243zf), and mixtures thereof.

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Номер записи: 45
23-05-2013 дата публикации

Azeotrope-like compositions of (z)-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene and hydrogen fluoride

Номер: US20130131404A1
Автор: Hang T. Pham, Ryan Hulse
Принадлежит: Honeywell International Inc

Disclosed are azeotropic and azeotrope-like mixtures of (Z)-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (1233zd(Z)) and hydrogen fluoride. Such compositions are useful as an intermediate in the production of 1233zd(Z). The latter compound is useful as a nontoxic, zero ozone depleting fluorocarbon useful as a solvent, blowing agent, refrigerant, cleaning agent, aerosol propellant, heat transfer medium, dielectric, fire extinguishing composition and power cycle working fluid.

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Номер записи: 46
06-06-2013 дата публикации

Enhanced boundary layer heat transfer by particle interaction

Номер: US20130140006A1
Автор: William L. Johnson, Sr.
Принадлежит: Ecopuro LLC

Enhanced heat transfer by kinetic movement of boundary layer film by introducing particles with specialized surfaces. A boundary layer is stagnant, reducing heat transfer into a flowing fluid. Boundary layer heat transfer is primarily conduction. The introduction of specialized particles into fluid promotes boundary layer mixing, thereby converting conduction to convection through the film. Particles of the invention tumble while mixing the boundary layer, which provides low surface area energy sites around the particles. Kinetic movement increases nucleation formation for gas phase transfer during boiling. Metal and ceramic nanoparticles in fluids increase fluid thermal conductivity. By modifying surface characteristics of such nanoparticles to promote boundary layer mixing, fluid heat transfer and thermal conductivity will increase. Specialized surface characteristics of materials ensure that particles interface with the boundary layer to produce kinetic mixing and low surface area energy sites for accelerated nucleation, resulting in enhanced heat transfer of gas or liquid.

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Номер записи: 47
06-06-2013 дата публикации

HEAT TRANSFER COMPOSITIONS

Номер: US20130140482A1
Автор: Low Robert E.
Принадлежит: MEXICHEM AMANCO HOLDING S.A. DE C.V.

The invention provides a heat transfer composition comprising R-1234ze (E), R-32 and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a). 1. A heat transfer composition comprising R-1234ze (E) , R-32 and 1 ,1 ,1 ,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a).2. A composition according to containing up to about 20% by weight R-32.3. A composition according to containing up to about 50% by weight R-134a.4. A composition according to containing from about 30 to about 90% by weight R-1234ze (E).5. A composition according to containing from about 4 to about 16% by weight R-32 claim 1 , from about 10 to about 50% by weight R-134a claim 1 , and from about 35 to about 90% R-1234ze (E).6. A composition according containing from about 4 to about 14% by weight R-32 claim 5 , from about 10 to about 50% by weight R-134a claim 5 , and from about 35 to about 85% R-1234ze (E).7. A composition according to claim 1 , consisting essentially of R-1234ze (E) claim 1 , R-152a and R-134a.8. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition has a GWP of less than 1000 claim 1 , preferably less than 150.9. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature glide is less than about 10K claim 1 , preferably less than about 5K.10. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition has a volumetric refrigeration capacity within about 15% claim 1 , preferably within about 10% of the existing refrigerant that it is intended to replace.11. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition is less flammable than R-32 alone or R-1234yf alone.12. A composition according to which is non-flammable.13. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition has a cycle efficiency within about 5% of the existing refrigerant that it is intended to replace.14. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition has a compressor discharge temperature within about 15K claim 1 , preferably within about 10K claim 1 , of the existing refrigerant that it is intended to replace.15. A ...

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Номер записи: 48
13-06-2013 дата публикации

HEAT TRANSFER COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS

Номер: US20130145778A1
Автор: Spatz Mark W., VERA BECERRA ELIZABET del CARMEN, VOGL RONALD P., Yana Motta Samuel F.
Принадлежит: HONEYWELL INTERNATIONAL INC.

Compositions, methods and systems which comprise or utilize a multi-component mixture comprising: (a) HFC-32; (b) HFC-125; (c) HFO-1234yf and/or HFO-1234ze; (d) HFC-134a. In certain non-limiting aspects, such refrigerants may be used as a replacement for R-404A. 1. A heat transfer composition comprising: (a) from about 10% to about 35% by weight of HFC-32; (b) from about 10% to about 35% by weight of HFC-125; (c) from about 0% to about 30% by weight of HFO-1234yf and from greater than 0% to about 30% by weight of HFO-1234ze; (d) from about 10% to about 35% by weight of HFC-134a , with the weight percent being based on the total of the components (a)-(d) in the composition.2. The heat transfer composition of wherein said HFO-1234ze comprises trans-HFO-1234ze.3. The heat transfer composition of comprising from greater than 15% to about 30% by weight of HFC-32.4. The heat transfer composition of comprising from greater than 20% to about 30% by weight of HFC-32.5. The heat transfer composition of comprising from greater than 10% to about 30% by weight of HFC-125.6. The heat transfer composition of comprising from greater than 20% to about 30% by weight of HFC-125.7. The heat transfer composition of having a weight ratio of HFC-32:HFC-125 of from about 0.9:1.2 to about 1.2:0.9.8. The heat transfer composition of comprising from greater than 0% to about 25% by weight of HFO-1234yf.9. The heat transfer composition of comprising from greater than 0% to about 22% by weight of HFO-1234yf.10. The heat transfer composition of comprising from about 1% to about 30% by weight of HFO-1234ze.11. The heat transfer composition of comprising from about 5% to about 30% by weight of HFO-1234ze.12. The heat transfer composition of comprising from greater than 0% to about 25% by weight of HFO-1234yf and from about 1% to about 30% by weight of HFO-1234ze.13. The heat transfer composition of comprising from greater than 0% to about 22% by weight of HFO-1234yf and from about 5% to about 30% ...

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Номер записи: 49
13-06-2013 дата публикации

BROMOFLUOROCARBON COMPOSITIONS

Номер: US20130146316A1
Автор: Griffith Kris N.
Принадлежит: AMERICAN PACIFIC CORPORATION

Compositions are described that may be used for applications such as a fire extinguishing composition in fire extinguishing unit, refrigeration, and the like. These compositions include halocarbons and additives that may stabilize the composition in the presence of a metal, water, and/or air. For example, the compositions may include a bromofluorocarbon, such as a bromofluoroalkene, an acid scavenger stabilizer, and an antioxidant stabilizer. 1. A stabilized composition comprising:2-bromo-3,3,3-trifluoropropene;cyclohexene oxide or cyclopentene oxide; and{'sub': '7-9', 'at least one antioxidant selected from the group consisting of: 2,5-di-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol; a Cbranched alkyl ester of 3,5,-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxycinnamic acid; di-n-butylsulfoxide; and 1,2,5,6-diepoxycyclooctane.'}2. The composition of consisting essentially of:2-bromo-3,3,3-trifluoropropene;cyclohexene oxide; and{'sub': '7-9', '2,5-di-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol; a Cbranched alkyl ester of 3,5,-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxycinnamic acid; di-n-butylsulfoxide; or 1,2,5,6-diepoxycyclooctane.'}3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the cyclohexene oxide or cyclopentene oxide has a concentration in the range of about 500 ppm to about 10 claim 1 ,000 ppm claim 1 , based upon the weight of the stabilized composition.4. The composition of claim 1 , comprising a Cbranched alkyl ester of 3 claim 1 ,5 claim 1 ,-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxycinnamic acid having a concentration in the range of about 200 ppm to about 5000 ppm claim 1 , based upon the weight of the stabilized composition.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is stored in a container comprising a metal surface claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the metal surface is in contact with at least a portion of the composition.6. The composition of claim 5 , wherein the metal surface comprises at least one of steel and brass.7. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising N.8. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the Nhas a partial ...

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Номер записи: 50
13-06-2013 дата публикации

ADHESIVE, THERMALLY CONDUCTIVE, ELECTRICAL INSULATORS

Номер: US20130148303A1
Автор: Wang Yousen, Zhao Jingqi
Принадлежит: LAIRD TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

According to various aspects, exemplary embodiments are disclosed of adhesive, thermally conductive electrically insulators. In an exemplary embodiment, a thermally conductive, electrically insulating material includes 4 to 40 parts by weight of a macromolecular matrix material; 1 to 20 parts by weight of an adhesive additive; and 40 to 85 parts by weight of thermally conductive electrically insulating particles. The adhesive additive includes a reactive group that is the same as or similar to at least one curable active group in the macromolecular matrix material. 1. A thermally conductive electrically insulating material consisting essentially of:4 to 40 parts by weight of a macromolecular matrix material;1 to 20 parts by weight of an adhesive additive, the adhesive additive including a reactive group that is the same as or similar to at least one curable active group in the macromolecular matrix material; and40 to 85 parts by weight of thermally conductive electrically insulating particles.2. The thermally conductive electrically insulating material of claim 1 , wherein:the macromolecular matrix material comprises one or more of vinyl silicon resin, polyisobutylene polymer, organic silicon rubber, polyurethane, methyl methacrylate, organopolysiloxane, acrylate, and polyamide resin; andthe adhesive additive comprises one or more of MQ silicon resin, petroleum-based rosin resin, silicone resin, polyols, ethyl acrylate, rosin, and ethylene phenyl acetate resin.3. The thermally conductive electrically insulating material of claim 1 , wherein the thermally conductive electrically insulating particles comprise one or more of aluminum oxide claim 1 , boron nitride claim 1 , aluminum nitride claim 1 , magnesium oxide and zinc oxide.4. The thermally conductive electrically insulating material of claim 1 , wherein the adhesive additive includes a reactive group that is the same as at least one curable active group in the macromolecular matrix material.5. The thermally ...

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Номер записи: 51
20-06-2013 дата публикации

CRYOGENIC INJECTION COMPOSITIONS, SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR CRYOGENICALLY MODULATING FLOW IN A CONDUIT

Номер: US20130152608A1
Автор: Wray Daniel X.
Принадлежит:

Provided are cryogenic injection compositions, methods and systems to introduce a cryogenic injection composition into a fluid within a conduit such that at least a portion of the temperature of the fluid is reduced to a temperature below which at least a portion of the fluid becomes a solid thereby reversibly plugging the conduit. Also provided are methods and systems for cooling or freezing a conduit and a fluid therein using a pressurized fluid cryogen as a thermal transfer fluid for controlled removal of thermal energy from a thermal conducting metal conduit and a fluid contained therein. 1. A cryogenic injection composition , comprising:a fluid cryogen selected from among liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen, liquid helium, liquid neon, liquid methane, liquid natural gas, liquid argon, liquid nitrous oxide, liquid carbon dioxide, liquid chlorofluorocarbons and combinations thereof;a material selected from among carbon fibers, carbon nanostructures, graphite, fused silica, ground granite, aluminum silicon carbide, aluminum graphite, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride ceramic, polyacetylene fibers and combinations thereof having a size of 100 μm or less in an amount of at or about 0.05% to at or about 90% based on the weight of the injection composition; and{'sub': 'p', 'sup': −1', '−1, 'a plurality of particles having a diameter of 10 μm or less in an amount of at or about 0.05% to at or about 90% based on the weight of the injection composition, wherein at least a portion of the particles comprise a material having a specific heat capacity (c) of at or about 0.7 J·gKor greater.'}2. The cryogenic injection composition of claim 1 , wherein the particles comprise a material that has a specific heat capacity (c) of at or about 1 J·gKto at or about 3 J·gK.3. The cryogenic injection composition of claim 1 , wherein:(a) the particles comprise a material that has a heat of fusion greater than 20 cal/g; or{'sup': '−1', '(b) the particles comprise a material that has a heat of ...

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Номер записи: 52
20-06-2013 дата публикации

FLUORINATED HYDROCARBON COMPOSTION

Номер: US20130152626A1
Автор: Feng Yinshan, Verma Parmesh
Принадлежит: CARRIER CORPORATION

A composition is described including a first fluorinated hydrocarbon compound according to the formula: 2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein n is 0 claim 1 , Rand Rare each H claim 1 , and R claim 1 , R claim 1 , and Rare each F.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein n is 0 claim 1 , Rand Rare each H claim 1 , and R claim 1 , R claim 1 , and Rare each F.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein n is 0 claim 1 , Rand Rare each H claim 1 , and R claim 1 , R claim 1 , and Rare each F.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein n is 0 claim 1 , R claim 1 , R claim 1 , and Rare each H claim 1 , and Rand Rare each F.6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein Rand Rare each F claim 1 , and Ris H.7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein Rand Rare each F claim 1 , and Ris H.8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein m is 0.9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein m is 1.10. The composition of claim 1 , wherein R claim 1 , R claim 1 , R claim 1 , Rand Rare each H.11. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the first fluorinated hydrocarbon is present in an amount of from 1 to 98 percent by weight claim 1 , the second fluorinated hydrocarbon is present in an amount of from 1 to 98 percent by weight claim 1 , and the third fluorinated hydrocarbon is present in an amount of from 1 to 56 percent by weight.12. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a compressor lubricant.13. A heat transfer system that includes a heat transfer fluid circulation loop with evaporation and condensation stages claim 1 , wherein the heat transfer fluid comprises a fluorinated hydrocarbon composition according to . The subject matter disclosed herein generally relates to fluorinated hydrocarbon compositions and their use.Fluorinated hydrocarbons have been widely used in a number of applications, including refrigerants and other heat transfer fluids, polymer foam blowing agents, fire suppressants, lubricants, fire suppressants, foaming agents, dielectric fluids, solvents, cleaning fluids, drying agents, ...

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Номер записи: 53
27-06-2013 дата публикации

Use of compositions comprising e-1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-octafluoro-2-pentene and optionally, 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane in power cycles

Номер: US20130160447A1
Автор: Konstantinos Kontomaris
Принадлежит: EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co

A method for converting heat from a heat source to mechanical energy is provided. The method comprises heating a working fluid E-1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-octafluoro-2-pentene (E-HFO-1438mzz) and optionally 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC-245eb) using heat supplied from the heat source; and expanding the heated working fluid to lower the pressure of the working fluid and generate mechanical energy as the pressure of the working fluid is lowered. Additionally, a power cycle apparatus containing a working fluid to convert heat to mechanical energy is provided. The apparatus contains a working fluid comprising E-HFO-1438mzz and optionally HFC-245eb. A working fluid is provided comprising E-HFO-1438mzz and HFC-245eb. The working fluid (i) has a temperature of at least about 150° C.; (ii) further comprises Z-HFO-1438mzz; or both (i) and (ii).

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Номер записи: 54
27-06-2013 дата публикации

USE OF E-1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-OCTAFLUORO-2-PENTENE AND OPTIONALLY 1,1,1,2,3-PENTAFLUOROPROPANE IN CHILLERS

Номер: US20130160469A1
Автор: KONTOMARIS KONSTANTINOS
Принадлежит: E I DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY

This invention relates to method for producing cooling in a chiller having an evaporator wherein a refrigerant composition is evaporated to cool a heat transfer medium and the cooled heat transfer medium is transported out of the evaporator to a body to be cooled, wherein said chiller is a centrifugal chiller. The method comprises evaporating a composition comprising E-HFO-1438mzz and optionally HFC-245eb as a refrigerant composition in the evaporator. This invention also relates to a composition comprising: (1) a refrigerant component consisting essentially of HFC-245eb and E-HFO-1438mzz; and (2) a lubricant suitable for use in a chiller; wherein the E-HFO-1438mzz in the refrigerant is at least 1 weight percent. This invention also relates to a centrifugal chiller apparatus containing a refrigerant composition, characterized by said refrigerant comprising E-HFO-1438mzz and optionally HFC-245eb. 1. A method for producing cooling in a chiller having an evaporator wherein a refrigerant composition is evaporated to cool a heat transfer medium and the cooled heat transfer medium is transported out of the evaporator to a body to be cooled , comprising evaporating a refrigerant composition comprising E-HFO-1438mzz and optionally HFC-245eb in the evaporator; wherein said chiller is a centrifugal chiller.2. The method of wherein the chiller evaporator is suitable for use with HCFC-123.3. The method of and wherein the refrigerant composition evaporated consists essentially of HFC-245eb and E-HFO-1438mzz and wherein the weight percent E-HFO-1438mzz based on the total amount of HFC-245eb and E-HFO-1438mzz is 75 weight percent or less.4. The method of wherein the weight percent of E-HFO-1438mzz in the refrigerant composition evaporated is at least 40 weight percent based on the total amount of HFC-245eb and E-HFO-1438mzz.5. The method of wherein the refrigerant composition evaporated consists essentially of E-HFO-1438mzz.6. The method of wherein the refrigerant composition ...

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Номер записи: 55
27-06-2013 дата публикации

USE OF E-1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-OCTAFLUORO-2-PENTENE AND OPTIONALLY 1,1,1,2,3-PENTAFLUOROPROPANE IN HIGH TEMPERATURE HEAT PUMPS

Номер: US20130160478A1
Автор: KONTOMARIS KONSTANTINOS
Принадлежит: E I DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY

This invention relates to a method for producing heating in a high temperature heat pump. The method comprises condensing a vapor working fluid comprising E-HFO-1438mzz and optionally HFC-245eb, in a condenser, thereby producing a liquid working fluid. This invention also relates to a method of raising the maximum feasible condenser operating temperature in a high temperature heat pump apparatus. This method comprises charging the high temperature heat pump with a working fluid comprising E-HFO-1438mzz and optionally HFC-245eb. This invention also relates to a high temperature heat pump apparatus containing a working fluid comprising E-HFO-1438mzz and optionally HFC-245eb. This invention also relates to a composition comprising: (i) E-HFO-1438mzz and HFC-245eb; and (ii) a stabilizer to prevent degradation at temperatures of 55° C. or above, (iii) a lubricant suitable for use at 55° C. or above, or both (ii) and (iii). 1. A method for producing heating in a high temperature heat pump comprising condensing a vapor working fluid comprising E-1 ,1 ,1 ,4 ,4 ,5 ,5 ,5-octafluoro-2-pentene (E-HFO-1438mzz) and optionally 1 ,1 ,1 ,2 ,3-pentafluoropropane (i.e. , HFC-245eb) , in a condenser , thereby producing a liquid working fluid.2. The method of further comprising passing a heat transfer medium through the condenser claim 1 , whereby said condensation of working fluid heats the heat transfer medium claim 1 , and passing the heated heat transfer medium from the condenser to a body to be heated.3. The method of wherein the working fluid consists essentially of E-HFO-1438mzz and HFC-245eb and wherein the E-HFO-1438mzz in the working fluid is at least about 1 weight percent based on the total amount of E-HFO-1438mzz and HFC-245eb.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the heat transfer medium is an industrial heat transfer liquid and the body to be heated is a chemical process stream.5. The method of claim 2 , further comprising compressing the working fluid vapor in a dynamic (e. ...

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Номер записи: 56
27-06-2013 дата публикации

STABILIZED HYDROCHLOROFLUOROOLEFINS AND HYDROFLUOROOLEFINS

Номер: US20130161554A1
Автор: Bonnet Philippe, Chen Benjamin bin, Elsheikh Maher Y., Van Horn Brett L.
Принадлежит: Arkema Inc.

Disclosed is a combination of hydrofluoroolefins and/or hydrochlorofluoroolefins with stabilizers wherein the stabilizers minimize the degradation of the hydrofluoroolefins and hydrochlorofluoroolefins during storage, handling and use yet allow for atmospheric degradation. The combinations exhibit low or zero ozone depletion potential and lower global warming potential making them of interest as replacements for chlorofluorocarbons and hydrfluorocarbons. The combinations of the present invention comprise hydrofluoroolefins and/or hydrochlorofluoroolefins in combination with a stabilizer or stabilizers selected from free radical scavengers, acid scavengers, oxygen scavengers, polymerization inhibitors and combinations thereof. 1. A combination comprising a hydrofluoroolefin and/or a hydrochlorofluoroolefin and a stabilizer selected from free radical scavengers , acid scavengers , oxygen scavengers , corrosion inhibitors , polymerization inhibitors or combinations thereof wherein said combination is stable during use , handling and storage and is tropodegradable.2. The combination of wherein said hydrofluoroolefin and/or a hydrochlorofluoroolefin is of the general formula CHFClwhere n=3-8 claim 1 , b=0-3 claim 1 , a=0-14 and 2n is greater than or equal to a+b.3. The combination of wherein said hydrofluoroolefin and/or a hydrochlorofluoroolefin are cyclic and of the general formula CHFClwhere n=3 claim 1 , 4 or 5 claim 1 , x=0-7 claim 1 , y=0-3 and a=2n−2a and is greater than or equal to x+y.4. The combination of wherein said acid scavengers is selected from 1 claim 1 ,2-epoxy butane; glycidyl methyl ether; d claim 1 ,l-limonene oxide; 1 claim 1 ,2-epoxy-2 claim 1 ,2-methlpropane; nitromethane or mixtures thereof.5. The combination of wherein said oxygen scavengers are selected from alpha methylsytrene claim 1 , isoprene claim 1 , phenol claim 1 , hydroquinones or mixtures thereof.6. The combination of wherein said polymerization inhibitors are selected from d claim 1 ...

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Номер записи: 57
04-07-2013 дата публикации

COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING ESTOLIDE COMPOUNDS AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING THE SAME

Номер: US20130172223A1
Автор: BREDSGUARD Jakob, FOREST Jeremy, THOMPSON Travis
Принадлежит: BIOSYNTHETIC TECHNOLOGIES, LLC

Provided herein are compositions comprising at least one estolide compound of formula: 1128-. (canceled)130. The composition according to claim 129 , whereinx is, independently for each occurrence, an integer selected from 1 to 10;y is, independently for each occurrence, an integer selected from 1 to 10;n is an integer selected from 0 to 8;{'sub': 1', '1', '22, 'Ris an optionally substituted Cto Calkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched; and'}{'sub': 2', '1', '22, 'Ris an unsubstituted Cto Calkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched,'}wherein each fatty acid chain residue is unsubstituted.131. The composition according to claim 130 , whereinx+y is, independently for each chain, an integer selected from 13 to 15; andn is an integer selected from 0 to 6.132. The composition according to claim 131 , wherein x is claim 131 , independently for each occurrence claim 131 , an integer selected from 7 and 8.133. The composition according to claim 131 , wherein y is claim 131 , independently for each occurrence claim 131 , an integer selected from 7 and 8.134. The composition according to claim 129 , wherein Ris an unsubstituted Cto Calkyl that is saturated or unsaturated and branched or unbranched.135. The composition according to claim 134 , wherein Ris selected from methyl claim 134 , ethyl claim 134 , propyl claim 134 , butyl claim 134 , pentyl claim 134 , hexyl claim 134 , heptyl claim 134 , octyl claim 134 , nonyl claim 134 , decanyl claim 134 , undecanyl claim 134 , dodecanyl claim 134 , tridecanyl claim 134 , tetradecanyl claim 134 , pentadecanyl claim 134 , hexadecanyl claim 134 , heptadecanyl claim 134 , octadecanyl claim 134 , nonadecanyl claim 134 , and icosanyl claim 134 , which are saturated or unsaturated and branched or unbranched.136. The composition according to claim 134 , wherein Ris an unsubstituted Cto Calkyl that is saturated and branched.137. The composition according to claim 129 , wherein Ris an ...

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Номер записи: 58
18-07-2013 дата публикации

LOW REFRIGERANT VOLUME CONDENSER FOR HYDROCARBON REFRIGERANT AND ICE MAKING MACHINE USING SAME

Номер: US20130180268A1
Автор: Schlosser Charles E.
Принадлежит: MANITOWOC FOODSERVICE COMPANIES, LLC

An ice making machine using hydrocarbon (HC), and particularly propane, as the refrigerant is disclosed. The ice making machine has components which have been modified in size, type and operation to accommodate the use of HCs, and particularly propane, in the ice making machine refrigerant system. Also disclosed is a low volume condenser especially designed for HCs, and in particular propane, to minimize the volume of flammable/explosive HC in the ice making machine refrigerant system. 1. An ice making machine comprising:a coolant/refrigerant system comprising a coolant/refrigerant, a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, an expansion device, a hot gas valve for directing hot gases from the compressor to the evaporator, and interconnecting lines therefore, wherein the coolant/refrigerant comprises a hydrocarbon and the condenser having a total internal volume of between about 100 ml to about 250 ml, based upon the volume of first and second header and micro channels disposed therebetween.2. An ice making machine according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon coolant/refrigerant comprises propane.3. An ice making machine according to claim 1 , wherein a refrigerant leak in the system would release an amount of the hydrocarbon coolant/refrigerant not greater than the amount allowed under standards set for the hydrocarbon coolant/refrigerant.4. An ice making machine according to claim 2 , wherein a refrigerant leak in the system would release an amount of propane not greater than an amount for the concentration of the propane to instantaneously reach 75% of the LFL.5. An ice making machine according to claim 2 , wherein a refrigerant leak in the system would release an amount of propane not greater than an amount for the concentration of the propane to reach 50% of the LFL over a five minute time period.6. An ice making machine comprising:a compressor for compressing a gas coolant/refrigerant comprised of hydrocarbon and a condenser for condensing the compressed ...

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Номер записи: 59
25-07-2013 дата публикации

HEAT TRANSFER COMPOSITIONS OF IMPROVED MISCIBILITY WITH LUBRICANT OIL

Номер: US20130186114A1
Автор: Guerin Sophie, Rached Wissam
Принадлежит: Arkema France

The invention relates to a composition comprising: 1. Composition comprising:a heat-transfer fluid comprising from 15% to 30% ammonia and from 70% to 85% 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene; anda lubricant oil comprising a polyalkylene glycol.2. Composition according to claim 1 , in which the heat-transfer fluid consists of a mixture of ammonia and 2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene.3. Composition according to claim 1 , in which the heat-transfer fluid comprises from 18% to 26% ammonia and from 74% to 82% 2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene.4. Composition according to claim 1 , in which the lubricant oil consists of a polyalkylene glycol.5. Composition according to claim 1 , in which the lubricant oil represents from 1% to 99% of the composition.6. Composition according to claim 1 , further comprising one or more additives selected from the group consisting of heat-transfer compounds claim 1 , stabilizers claim 1 , surfactants claim 1 , tracers claim 1 , fluorescers claim 1 , odourant agents and solubilizers claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.7. A vapour compression circuit comprising claim 1 , a polyalkylene glycol lubricant oil in combination with a heat-transfer fluid comprising from 15% to 30% ammonia and from 70% to 85% 2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene.8. Vapour compression circuit according to claim 7 , in which the polyalkylene glycol is used in a proportion of from 1% to 99% relative to the sum of the polyalkylene glycol and of the heat-transfer fluid.9. Vapour compression circuit according to claim 7 , in which the heat-transfer fluid comprises from 18% to 26% ammonia and from 74% to 82% 2 claim 7 ,3 claim 7 ,3 claim 7 ,3-tetrafluoropropene.10. Vapour compression circuit according to claim 7 , in which the heat-transfer fluid consists of a mixture of ammonia and 2 claim 7 ,3 claim 7 ,3 claim 7 ,3-tetrafluoropropene.11. Heat-transfer installation comprising a vapour compression circuit containing a heat-transfer ...

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Номер записи: 60
25-07-2013 дата публикации

LOW GWP HEAT TRANSFER COMPOSITIONS

Номер: US20130186115A1
Автор: Spatz Mark W., VERA BECERRA ELIZABET del CARMEN, Yana Motta Samuel F.
Принадлежит: HONEYWELL INTERNATIONAL INC.

Heat transfer compositions and methods including (a) HFC-32; (b) HFO-1234ze; and (c) either or both of HFC-152a and/or HFC-134a. 1. A heat transfer composition comprising:(a) from about 33% to about 55% by weight of HFC-32;(b) at least about 25% by weight of HFO-1234ze; and(c) from greater than about 0% to about 30% by weight of HFC-152a, HFC-134a, and combinations of these, provided that the amount of each of the components (a), (b) and (c) is selected to ensure that the burning velocity of the composition is less than about 10, the global warming potential of the composition is less than about 500, and the capacity is within about 10% of the cooling capacity of R-22 in an R-22-containing system.2. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 , wherein said component (b) further comprises at least one compound claim 1 , other than HFO-1234ze claim 1 , selected from unsaturated —CF3 terminated propenes claim 1 , unsaturated —CF3 terminated butenes claim 1 , and combinations of these.3. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 , comprising from about 33% to about 55% by weight of HFC-32; from about 25% to about 66% by weight of HFO-1234ze; and from greater than about 0% to about 25% by weight of HFC-152a.4. The heat transfer composition of claim 3 , comprising from about 35% to about 55% by weight of HFC-32; from about 30 to about 55% by weight of HFO-1234ze; and from greater than about 0% to about 22% by weight of HFC-152a.5. The heat transfer composition of comprising from about 35% to about 55% by weight of HFC-32; from about 30 to about 55% by weight of HFO-1234ze; and from about 5% to about 22% by weight of HFC-152a.6. The heat transfer composition of comprising from about 33% to about 55% by weight of HFC-32; from about 45 to about 66% by weight of HFO-1234ze; and from greater than about 0% to about 20% by weight of HFC-134a.7. The heat transfer composition of comprising from about 33% to about 55% by weight of HFC-32; component; from about 25 to about 66% by ...

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Номер записи: 61
25-07-2013 дата публикации

HEAT TRANSFER COMPOSITIONS

Номер: US20130187078A1
Автор: Low Robert E.
Принадлежит: MEXICHEM AMANCO HOLDING S.A. DE C.V.

The invention provides a heat transfer composition consisting essentially of from about 60 to about 85% by weight of trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)) and from about 15 to about 40% by weight of fluoroethane (R-161). The invention also provides a heat transfer composition comprising R-1234ze(E), R-161 and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a). 1. A heat transfer composition consisting essentially of from about 60 to about 85% by weight of trans-1 ,3 ,3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)) and from about 15 to about 40% by weight of fluoroethane (R-161).2. A composition according to claim 1 , consisting essentially of from about 65 to about 82% by weight of R-1234ze(E) and from about 18 to about 35% by weight of R-161.3. A heat transfer composition comprising R-1234ze(E) claim 1 , R-161 and 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a).4. A composition according to comprising up to about 50% by weight of R-134a.5. A composition according to comprising from about 4 to about 20% by weight R-161 claim 4 , from about 25 to about 50% R-134a claim 4 , and from about 30 to about 71% by weight R-1234ze(E).6. A composition according to claim 3 , consisting essentially of R-1234ze(E) claim 3 , R-161 and R-134a.7. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition has a GWP of less than 1000 claim 1 , preferably less than 150.8. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature glide is less than about 10K claim 1 , preferably less than about 5K.9. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition has a volumetric refrigeration capacity within about 15 of the existing refrigerant that it is intended to replace.10. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition is less flammable than R-161 alone or R-1234yf alone.12. A composition according to which has a fluorine ratio (F/(F+H)) of from about 0.42 to about 0.7 claim 1 , preferably from about 0.46 to about 0.67.13. A composition according to which is non- ...

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Номер записи: 62
01-08-2013 дата публикации

Fluorescent detector

Номер: US20130193327A1
Автор: Gabriele Berton
Принадлежит: Individual

The present invention relates to a water-soluble liquid composition and its use to detect leaks and/or as antifreeze for water-based circuits. The composition comprises at least one fluorescent product and at least one liquid miscible with water.

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Номер записи: 63
01-08-2013 дата публикации

HEAT TRANSFER COMPOSITIONS

Номер: US20130193368A1
Автор: Low Robert E.
Принадлежит: MEXICHEM AMANCO HOLDING S.A. DE C.V.

The invention provides a heat transfer composition comprising trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)), fluoroethane (R-161) and a third component selected from difluoromethane (R-32) and/or 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a). 1. A heat transfer composition comprising trans-1 ,3 ,3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)) , fluoroethane (R-161) and a third component selected from difluoromethane (R-32) and/or 1 ,1-difluoroethane (R-152a).2. A composition according to comprising up to about 30% by weight of the third component and up to about 30% by weight R-161 claim 1 , with the balance R-1234ze.3. A composition according to wherein the third component is R-32.4. A composition according to comprising from about 58 to about 93% by weight of R-1234ze(E) claim 3 , from about from about 5 to about 30% by weight of R-161 claim 3 , and from about 2 to about 12% by weight of R-32.5. A composition according to comprising from about 68 to about 91% by weight of R-1234ze(E) claim 4 , from about from about 5 to about 20% by weight of R-161 claim 4 , and from about 4 to about 12% by weight of R-32.6. A composition according to wherein the third component is R-152a.7. A composition according to comprising from about 50 to about 93% by weight of R-1234ze(E) claim 6 , from about from about 2 to about 20% by weight of R-161 claim 6 , and from about 5 to about 30% by weight of R-152a.8. A composition according to comprising from about 60 to about 83% by weight of R-1234ze(E) claim 7 , from about from about 12 to about 20% by weight of R-161 claim 7 , and from about 5 to about 20% by weight of R-152a.9. A composition according to additionally comprising 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a).10. A composition according to comprising up to about 50% by weight of R-134a.11. A composition according to comprising from about 2 to about 20% by weight R-161 claim 10 , from about 2 to about 20% by weight of the third component claim 10 , from about 25 to about 50% R-134a ...

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Номер записи: 64
01-08-2013 дата публикации

HEAT TRANSFER COMPOSITIONS

Номер: US20130193369A1
Автор: Low Robert Elliott
Принадлежит: Mexichem Amanco Holding C.V. de S.A.

The invention provides a heat transfer composition comprising: (i) trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)); (ii) a second component selected from difluoromethane (R-32), propene (R-1270)propane (R290) and mixtures thereof; (iii) a third component selected from pentafluoroethane (R-125), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a), and mixtures thereof; and optionally (iv) a fourth component selected from fluoroethane (R-161), 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a) and mixtures thereof. 1. A heat transfer composition comprising:(i) trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E));(ii) a second component selected from difluoromethane (R-32), propene (R-1270), propane (R290) and mixtures thereof;(iii) a third component selected from pentafluoroethane (R-125), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a), and mixtures thereof; and optionally(iv) a fourth component selected from fluoroethane (R-161), 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a) and mixtures thereof.2. A composition according to claim 1 , comprising from about 5 to about 50% by weight of R-1234ze(E).3. A composition according to or claim 1 , comprising from about 10 to about 40% by weight of the second component.4. A composition according to claim 1 , comprising from about 10 to about 80% by weight of the third component.5. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the second component comprises R-32.6. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the third component is R-125 and R-134a.7. A composition according to claim 1 , comprising R-1234ze(E) claim 1 , R-32 claim 1 , R-125 and R-134a.8. A composition according to claim 7 , comprising from about 5 to about 40% by weight of R-1234ze(E) claim 7 , from about 20 to about 35% by weight R-32 claim 7 , from about 15 to about % by weight R-125 claim 7 , and from about 12 to about 50% by weight R-134a.9. A composition according to claim 7 , comprising from about 10 to about 50% by weight of R-1234ze(E) claim 7 , from about 22 to about 40% by weight R-32 claim 7 , from about 10 to about 30% by ...

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Номер записи: 65
08-08-2013 дата публикации

REFRIGERANT ADDITIVE COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING PERFLUOROPOLYETHERS

Номер: US20130199219A1
Автор: BELL GREGORY A., Leck Thomas Joseph, SATURNO THOMAS FRANK
Принадлежит: E I DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY

The present invention relates to compositions and processes of using perfluoropolyether to maintain or improve the oil return, lubrication, cooling capacity, or energy efficiency of a refrigeration, air conditioning or heat transfer system. 126-. (canceled)27. A method of producing refrigeration , said method comprising evaporating a composition in the vicinity of a body to be cooled and thereafter condensing said composition; wherein said composition consists of:{'sub': 2', '3', '3, 'a. a refrigerant or heat transfer fluid comprising 2,3,3,3- tetrafluoro-1-propene (CH═CFCF) or 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (CHF═CHCF); and'}b. at least one perfluoropolyether; and optionallyc. a lubricant oil which is mineral oil or synthetic oil selected from the group consisting of alkylbenzene, polyol ester, polyalkylene glycols, polyvinyl ethers, carbonates, polyalphaolefin and combinations thereof;wherein said perfluoropolyether has two end groups; wherein each of the two end groups of the perfluoropolyether, independently, is either an unfunctionalized, branched or straight chain perfluoroalkyl radical, or a functionalized group selected from the group consisting of esters, hydroxyls, amines, amides, cyanos, carboxylic acids and sulfonic acids;and wherein said evaporating and said condensing is in a mobile air-conditioning system.28. The method of claim 27 , wherein said refrigerant or heat transfer fluid further comprises at least one other compound selected from saturated fluorocarbons claim 27 , chlorofluorocarbons claim 27 , hydrochlorofluorocarbons claim 27 , fluoroethers claim 27 , hydrocarbons claim 27 , carbon dioxide claim 27 , dimethyl ether claim 27 , ammonia claim 27 , iodotrifluoromethane claim 27 , and combinations thereof.29. The method of claim 27 , wherein said refrigerant or heat transfer fluid consists of 2 claim 27 ,3 claim 27 ,3 claim 27 ,3- tetrafluoro-1-propene (CH═CFCF) or 1 claim 27 ,3 claim 27 ,3 claim 27 ,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (CHF═CHCF).30. The ...

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Номер записи: 66
08-08-2013 дата публикации

REFRIGERATION COMPRESSOR LUBRICANT

Номер: US20130200295A1
Автор: Boggess William Bradford, Rebrovic Louis
Принадлежит: EMERSON CLIMATE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

Disclosed are working fluid compositions for heat transfer apparatuses, such as refrigeration systems, that include a refrigerant and an ester based lubricant. The working fluid may comprise ≦50% by weight of the ester based lubricant composition and ≧50% by weight of one or more refrigerant compounds. The ester based lubricant comprises an additive selected from the group consisting of: diaryl sulfides, arylalkyl sulfides, dialkyl sulfides, diaryl disulfides, arylalkyl disulfides, dialkyl disulfides, diaryl polysulfides, arylalkyl polysulfides, dialkyl polysulfides, dithiocarbamates, derivatives of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, derivatives of 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole, and combinations thereof. The refrigerants may be C-Chydrocarbons, trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11), dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12), saturated hydrofluorocarbons, difluoromethane (HFC-32), 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134), difluoroethane (HFC-152a), fluoroethane (HFC-161), R410A (a near-azeotropic mixture of difluoromethane (HFC-32) and pentafluoroethane (HFC-125)), 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane (HFC-227ea), 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane (HFC-236ea), 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane (HFC-236fa), 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC-245fa), 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), hydrofluoroolefins, dimethyl ether, carbon dioxide, bis(trifluoromethyl)sulfide, and trifluoroiodomethane and combinations thereof. 1. A working fluid for a refrigeration system comprising a compressor , the working fluid comprising:an ester based lubricant comprising an additive selected from the group consisting of: diaryl sulfides, arylalkyl sulfides, dialkyl sulfides, diaryl disulfides, arylalkyl disulfides, dialkyl disulfides, diaryl polysulfides, arylalkyl polysulfides, dialkyl polysulfides, dithiocarbamates, derivatives of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, derivatives of 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole, and combinations thereof; and{'sub': 3', '8, 'a refrigerant selected from the group consisting of: C-Chydrocarbons, ...

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Номер записи: 67
15-08-2013 дата публикации

Working Fluids Comprising Difluoromethane and Di-Pentaerythritol Ester

Номер: US20130207022A1
Автор: Benanti Travis, Hessell Edward T.
Принадлежит: CHEMTURA CORPORATION

Mixtures of select neopentyl polyol esters are found to be highly miscible with the refrigerant R-32 over a wide temperature range. Working fluids are provided comprising R-32 and a polyol ester lubricant composition having a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of from 32 to 120 cSt, said lubricant composition comprising Calkylcarboxy esters di-pentaerythritol wherein at least 40 mol %, typically more, of the alkylcarboxylate groups of the alkylcarboxy esters are pentanoyl groups. 1. A working fluid for a heat transfer device comprising:i) a refrigerant comprising difluoromethane (R-32) and{'sub': 5-10', '5-10', '5-10', '5, 'ii) a polyol ester lubricant composition having a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of from about 32 to about 120 cSt comprising linear and branched Calkylcarboxy esters of di-pentaerythritol in a ratio of from 9:1 to 1:9 of linear to branched Calkylcarboxy esters, wherein 60 mol % or more of the Calkylcarboxy esters of di-pentaerythritol are linear or branched Calkylcarboxy esters.'}2. The working fluid according to wherein 70 mol % or more of the Calkylcarboxy esters of di-pentaerythritol are linear or branched Calkylcarboxy esters.3. The working fluid according to wherein 75 mol % or more of the Calkylcarboxy esters of di-pentaerythritol are linear or branched Calkylcarboxy esters.4. The working fluid according to wherein the ratio of linear to branched Calkylcarboxy esters is from 6:1 to 1:6.5. The working fluid according to wherein the ratio of linear to branched Calkylcarboxy esters is from 5:1 to 1:5.6. The working fluid according to wherein the ratio of linear to branched Calkylcarboxy esters is from 6:1 to 1:6.7. The working fluid according to wherein the ratio of linear to branched Calkylcarboxy esters is from 5:1 to 1:5.8. The working fluid according to wherein the a polyol ester lubricant composition has a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of from about 32 to about 100 cSt.9. The working fluid according to wherein the a polyol ester lubricant ...

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Номер записи: 68
15-08-2013 дата публикации

Polyester Lubbricant for Working Fluids Comprising Difluoromethane

Номер: US20130207023A1
Автор: Benanti Travis, Hessell Edward T.
Принадлежит: CHEMTURA CORPORATION

Mixtures of select neopentyl polyol esters are found to be highly miscible with the refrigerant R-32 over a wide temperature range. Working fluids are provided comprising R-32 and a lubricant containing these select neopentyl polyol esters and having a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of 32 cSt or higher. Specifically, the lubricant composition of the invention comprises a mixture of alkylcarboxy esters of neopentyl polyols, wherein at least 10 wt % of all neopentyl polyol esters are esters of pentaerythritol oligomers of 4 or more pentaerythritol monomer groups, and wherein a majority of the alkylcarboxylate groups of the alkylcarboxy esters of neopentyl polyols are pentanoyl groups wherein at least 15% of the pentanoyl groups are branched. 1. A working fluid for a heat transfer device comprising:i) a hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant comprising difluoromethane (R-32) and{'sub': 5-10', '5-10', '5-10', '5', '5, 'ii) a polyol ester lubricant composition having a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of from 32 to 100 cSt and comprising a mixture of Calkylcarboxy neopentyl polyol esters, said neopentyl polyol esters comprising a mixture of Calkylcarboxy esters of pentaerythritol, di-pentaerythritol, tri-pentaerythritol and oligomers comprising 4 or more pentaerythritol monomers, wherein at least 10 wt % of all neopentyl polyol esters are esters of oligomers containing 4 or more neopentyl polyol monomer units, and wherein 50 mole % or more of all the Calkylcarboxy neopentyl polyol esters are linear or branched Calkylcarboxy esters, and 15-40% of all the Calkylcarboxy esters are branched.'}2. The working fluid according to wherein the polyol ester lubricant composition further comprises Calkylcarboxy esters of neopentyl glycol and/or Calkylcarboxy esters of trimethylol propane wherein at least 10 wt % of all neopentyl polyol esters are esters of oligomers containing 4 or more neopentyl polyol monomer units claim 1 , and 50 mole % or more of all the Calkylcarboxy neopentyl polyol ...

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Номер записи: 69
22-08-2013 дата публикации

THERMAL CONDUCTION DEVICE AND METHOD FOR FABRICATING THE SAME

Номер: US20130216823A1
Автор: HU Shao-Chung, HUNG Hsing, LIN Hung-Cheng, LIN I-Chiao, Sung Chien-Min
Принадлежит: RiteDia Corporation

A thermal conduction device and a method for fabricating the same are disclosed. Firstly, arrange a plurality of diamond particles on a plane according to a. predetermined pattern to form a diamond particle monolayer. Next, apply a forming process on a metal material such that the metal material forms a metal matrix wrapping the diamond particles to form a composite body including the diamond particle monolayer embedded in the metal matrix. Next, stack a plurality of the composite bodies and perform a heating process to join the metal matrixes to each other to form the thermal. conduction device. The device is characterized in arranging diamond particles on a plane to form a two-dimensional monolayer structure and manufactured via assembling the two-dimensional monolayer structures to form a three-dimensional multilayer structure. By controlling the arrangement of the diamond particles, the thermal conduction device can have superior thermal conduction performance. 1. A thermal conduction device comprising a metal matrix; anda plurality of diamond particle monolayers embedded in the metal matrix and each containing a plurality of diamond particles arranged on a plane according to a predetermined pattern.2. The thermal conduction device according to claim 1 , wherein the diamond particles are horizontally spaced by a first distance.3. The thermal conduction device according to claim 1 , wherein the diamond particles horizontally contact with each other.4. The thermal conduction device according to claim 1 , wherein the diamond particle monolayers are vertically spaced by a second distance.5. The thermal conduction device according to claim 1 , wherein the diamond particles have a diameter of 20-1000 μm.6. The thermal conduction device according to claim 1 , wherein the diamond particles have a volume percent of 20-70% with respect to the metal matrix.7. The thermal conduction device according to claim 6 , wherein the diamond particles have a volume percent of 30-50% ...

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Номер записи: 70
22-08-2013 дата публикации

Compositions containing fluorine substituted olefins and methods and systems using same

Номер: US20130217784A1
Автор: Hang T. Pham, Ian Shankland, Rajiv R. Singh
Принадлежит: Honeywell International Inc

Disclosed are the use of fluorine substituted olefins, including tetra- and penta-fluoropropenes, in a variety of applications, including in methods of depositing catalyst on a solid support, methods of sterilizing articles, cleaning methods and compositions, methods of applying medicaments, fire extinguishing/suppression compositions and methods, flavor formulations, fragrance formulations and inflating agents.

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Номер записи: 71
29-08-2013 дата публикации

USE OF REFRIGERANTS COMPRISING E-1,3,3,3-TETRAFLUOROPROPENE AND AT LEAST ONE TETRAFLUOROETHANE FOR COOLING

Номер: US20130219929A1
Автор: KONTOMARIS KONSTANTINOS
Принадлежит: E.I du Pont de Nemours and Company

Disclosed herein is a method for producing cooling comprising evaporating a liquid refrigerant comprising (a) E-CFCH═CHF and (b) at least one tetrafluoroethane of the formula CHF; provided that the weight ratio of E-CFCH═CHF to the total amount of E-CFCH═CHF and CHFis from about 0.05 to 0.99, in an evaporator, thereby producing a refrigerant vapor. Also disclosed herein is a method for replacing HCFC-124 or HFC-134a refrigerant in a chiller designed for said refrigerant comprising providing a replacement refrigerant composition comprising (a) E-CFCH═CHF and (b) at least one tetrafluoroethane of the formula CHF; provided that the weight ratio of E-CFCH═CHF to the total amount of E-CFCH═CHF and CHFis from about 0.05 to 0.99. Also disclosed herein is a chiller apparatus for cooling, said apparatus containing a working fluid comprising a refrigerant comprising (a) E-CFCH═CHF and (b) at least one tetrafluoroethane of the formula CHF; provided that the weight ratio of E-CFCH═CHF to the total amount of E-CFCH═CHF and CHFis from about 0.05 to 0.99. 1. A method for producing cooling comprising evaporating a liquid refrigerant comprising (a) E-CFCH═CHF and (b) at least one tetrafluoroethane of the formula CHF; provided that the weight ratio of E-CFCH═CHF to the total amount of E-CFCH═CHF and CHFis from about 0.05 to 0.99 , in an evaporator , thereby producing a refrigerant vapor; wherein the cooling is produced in a chiller comprising said evaporator; and wherein said chiller further comprises a centrifugal compressor.2. The method of further comprising passing a cooling medium through the evaporator claim 1 , whereby said evaporation of refrigerant cools the cooling medium claim 1 , and passing the cooled cooling medium from the evaporator to a body to be cooled.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the cooling medium is water and the body to be cooled is air for space cooling or the cooling medium is an industrial heat transfer liquid and the body to be cooled is a chemical ...

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Номер записи: 72
29-08-2013 дата публикации

WORKING MEDIUM FOR ABSORPTION HEAT PUMPS

Номер: US20130219949A1
Автор: Schneider Marc-Christoph, Schneider Rolf, Seiler Matthias, Zehnacker Olivier
Принадлежит: EVONIK DEGUSSA GmbH

A working medium comprising at least one refrigerant, at least one monohydric aliphatic alcohol having from 6 to 10 carbon atoms and at least one ionic liquid composed of at least one organic cation and at least one anion shows an improved efficiency COP in an absorption heat pump compared to working media which do not contain an alcohol having from 6 to 10 carbon atoms. 114-. (canceled)15. A working medium for absorption heat pumps , comprising at least one refrigerant , at least one monohydric aliphatic alcohol having from 6 to 10 carbon atoms and at least one ionic liquid composed of at least one organic cation and at least one anion.16. The working medium of claim 15 , comprising from 4 to 67% by weight of refrigerant claim 15 , from 0.0001 to 10% by weight of alcohol having from 6 to 10 carbon atoms and from 30 to 95% by weight of ionic liquid.17. The working medium of claim 15 , wherein the alcohol is a primary alcohol.18. The working medium of claim 15 , wherein the alcohol has a branched alkyl radical.19. The working medium of claim 15 , wherein the alcohol is 2-ethyl-1-hexanol.20. The working medium of claim 15 , wherein the refrigerant is selected from the group consisting of water claim 15 , methanol claim 15 , ethanol and mixtures thereof21. The working medium of claim 20 , wherein the refrigerant is selected from the group consisting of methanol claim 20 , ethanol claim 20 , mixtures of methanol with ethanol claim 20 , mixtures of ethanol with water and mixtures of methanol with water.22. The working medium of claim 15 , wherein the anion or anions of the ionic liquid has/have a molecular weight of not more than 260 g/mol.23. The working medium of claim 15 , wherein the anion or anions of the ionic liquid is/are selected from the group consisting of: hydroxide claim 15 , halides claim 15 , nitrate claim 15 , nitrite claim 15 , carboxylates claim 15 , phosphate claim 15 , alkylphosphates claim 15 , dialkylphosphates claim 15 , thiocyanate claim 15 , ...

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Номер записи: 73
29-08-2013 дата публикации

Tetrafluoropropene compositions and uses thereof

Номер: US20130221262A1
Автор: Barbara Haviland Minor, Donald Bernard Bivens, Thomas Joseph Leck
Принадлежит: EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co

The present invention relates to compositions for use in refrigeration, air-conditioning, and heat pump systems wherein the composition comprises a tetrafluoropropene and at least one other component. The compositions of the present invention are useful in processes for producing cooling or heat, as heat transfer fluids, foam blowing agents, aerosol propellants, and fire suppression and fire extinguishing agents.

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Номер записи: 74
29-08-2013 дата публикации

Dielectric Fluids Comprising Polyol Esters

Номер: US20130225023A1
Автор: Peter A Brown, Weiming Qiu
Принадлежит: EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co

Dielectric fluids are provided, the dielectric fluids comprising a mixture of polyol esters derived from a reaction of a) a polyol comprising pentaerythritol, trimethylolpropane, neopentyl glycol, or combinations thereof, and b) a mixture of fatty acid esters derived from a high oleic soybean oil comprising fatty acid moieties, wherein the high oleic soybean oil has a C18:1 content of greater than 65% of the fatty acid moieties in the oil, and a combined C18:2 and C18:3 content of less than 20% of the fatty acid moieties in the oil. Also provided are electrical apparatuses comprising the dielectric fluids, and processes for preparing the mixtures of polyol esters.

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Номер записи: 75
05-09-2013 дата публикации

PLASTIC PHASE CHANGE MATERIAL AND ARTICLES MADE THEREFROM

Номер: US20130228308A1
Автор: Abhari Ramin
Принадлежит: Syntroleum Corporation

The present invention generally relates to a method for manufacturing phase change material (PCM) pellets. The method includes providing a melt composition, including paraffin and a polymer. The paraffin has a melt point of between about 10° C. and about 50° C., and more preferably between about 18° C. and about 28° C. In one embodiment, the melt composition includes various additives, such as a flame retardant. The method further includes forming the melt composition into PCM pellets. The method further may include the step of cooling the melt to increase the melt viscosity before pelletizing. Further, PCM compounds are provided having an organic PCM and a polymer. Methods are provided to convert the PCM compounds into various form-stable PCMs. A method of coating the PCMs is included to provide PCMs with substantially no paraffin seepage and with ignition resistance properties. 1. A method for manufacturing phase change material (PCM) pellets comprising the steps of:(a) Feeding an organic PCM and a polymer to an extruder to form a homogenous molten plastic compound;(b) Extruding the molten plastic compound through a die to form an extrudate;(c) Cooling and cutting the extrudate into pellets; and(d) Coating the pellets.2. The method of wherein the organic PCM is a paraffin.3. The method of wherein the paraffin comprises octadecane.4. The method of wherein the polymer is high-density polyethylene.5. The method of wherein the extruder is a twin-screw extruder.6. The method of wherein the cooling and cutting takes place in an underwater pelletizer.7. The method of wherein the coating step comprises blending the pellets with an oil-absorbing powder.8. The method of wherein the blending is performed in a V-blender.9. The method of wherein the oil-absorbing powder has an average particle size between 1 and 10 microns.10. The method of wherein the oil-absorbing powder is calcium silicate.11. The method of wherein the coating step comprises forming a polymer film on the ...

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Номер записи: 76
12-09-2013 дата публикации

Haloalkene Complexes

Номер: US20130234059A1
Автор: Davis Bob Lee
Принадлежит:

Compositions comprising an activated oil blend are provided. Also provided are compositions comprising a halo-alkene complex can be used as a refrigerant. The compositions can increase the energy efficiency and reduces leakage rates of refrigeration systems. Some compositions comprise at least 0.1 wt % of an oleic oil fatty acid, 0.1 wt % of a linoleic oil fatty acid, and at least 98 wt % of r-134a. Some compositions comprise an oil blend comprising an oleic acid to linoleic acid ratio of approximately 60:1. At least some of the r-134a can be complexed with at least one of the organic oil fatty acids. 1. A composition comprising a polar heat transfer fluid at least partially complexed via Van der Waals forces with a plurality of fatty acid molecules of an activated oil blend , wherein the activated oil blend comprises:a first organic oil;a second organic oil; andwherein each of the first and second organic oils were activated in a closed vessel under heat and pressure.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of fatty acid molecules comprises at least one oleic acid and at least one linoleic acid.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises a polar heat transfer fluid to activated oil blend ratio of between 5:95 and 1:99 by weight percent.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the first organic oil comprises a walnut oil and the second organic oil comprises a canola oil.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the activated oil blend further comprises a third organic oil claim 1 , and wherein the third organic oil comprises an almond oil.6. The composition of claim 5 , wherein the activated oil blend comprises a linoleic acid to oleic acid ratio of between 70:30 and 50:50.7. The composition of claim 5 , wherein the polar heat transfer fluid comprises r-134a molecules claim 5 , chemically known as 1 claim 5 ,1 claim 5 ,1 claim 5 ,2-tetrafluoroethane.8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the first organic oil comprises canola oil and ...

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Номер записи: 77
12-09-2013 дата публикации

Refrigerant Compositions

Номер: US20130234060A1
Автор: Davis Bob Lee
Принадлежит:

Compositions including a polar heat transfer fluid that was passed through a vessel containing a catalyst are disclosed. Preferred catalysts can comprise copper, polyamide, stainless steel, or a combination thereof. Compositions can also comprise one or more types of long chain fatty acids, preferably from food oils, and preferably fatty acids that have been activated by virtue of having been passed through a vessel comprising a catalyst. 1. A refrigerant composition comprising a polar heat transfer fluid , wherein at least some of the polar heat transfer fluid is passed through a vessel comprising a catalyst.2. The refrigerant composition of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst comprises copper.3. The refrigerant composition of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst comprises polyamide.4. The refrigerant composition of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst comprises stainless steel.5. The refrigerant composition of claim 1 , further comprising a first food oil selected from the list consisting of walnut oil claim 1 , almond oil claim 1 , sunflower oil claim 1 , and canola oil.6. The refrigerant composition of claim 5 , wherein the polar heat transfer fluid and the first food oil are present in a wt/wt ratio between 90:1 and 99:1 claim 5 , inclusive.7. The refrigerant composition of claim 5 , further comprising at least 10 wt % of a second food oil different from the first food oil.8. The refrigerant composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least some of the polar heat transfer fluid is passed through a vessel comprising a catalyst under heat of at least 30 degrees Celsius claim 1 , and pressure of at least 1.25 atm.9. The refrigerant composition of claim 1 , wherein the vessel is a closed vessel.10. The refrigerant composition of claim 1 , wherein the polar heat transfer fluid comprises r-134a claim 1 , known chemically as claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,2-Tetrafluoroethane (CHFCF).11. The refrigerant composition of claim 1 , wherein the polar heat transfer fluid is present ...

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Номер записи: 78
12-09-2013 дата публикации

HFO REFRIGERANT COMPOSITION HAVING IMPROVED SLIDABILITY

Номер: US20130234062A1
Автор: Shibanuma Takashi, Tsuchiya Tatsumi
Принадлежит: DAIKIN INDUSTRIES, LTD.

The present invention provides a highly stable HFO refrigerant composition for use in a vapor compression-type refrigeration system, having improved slidability for the sliding portions of the vapor compression-type refrigeration system. More specifically, the present invention provides an HFO refrigerant composition comprising at least one type of HFO refrigerant and a polymer of halogenated propene represented by CHFCl(provided that a+b+c=6, a=an integer of 1 to 3, b=an integer of 3 to 5, and c=an integer of 0 to 1) that is an oligomer having a molecular weight of 200 to 900. 1. An HFO refrigerant composition comprising at least one type of HFO refrigerant and a polymer of halogenated propene represented by CHFCl(provided that a+b+c=6 , a=an integer of 1 to 3 , b=an integer of 3 to 5 , and c=an integer of 0 to 1) that is an oligomer having a molecular weight of 200 to 900.2. The HFO refrigerant composition according to claim 1 , wherein the HFO refrigerant is at least one member selected from the group consisting of 2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf) claim 1 , (Z or E-)1 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ze) claim 1 , (Z or E-) 1 claim 1 ,2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-pentafluoropropene (HFO-1225ye) claim 1 , (Z or E-)1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-pentafluoropropene (HFO-1225zc) claim 1 , and (Z or E-)3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene (HFO-1243zf).3. The HFO refrigerant composition according to comprising the oligomer in an amount of 0.1 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the HFO refrigerant.4. The HFO refrigerant composition according to further comprising a lubricant.5. The HFO refrigerant composition according to claim 4 , wherein the lubricant is at least one member selected from the group consisting of polyalkylene glycols claim 4 , polyol esters claim 4 , polyvinyl ethers claim 4 , and alkylbenzenes claim 4 , having a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of 5 to 400 ...

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Номер записи: 79
19-09-2013 дата публикации

THERMALLY CONDUCTIVE RESIN COMPOSITION AND THERMALLY CONDUCTIVE SHEET INCLUDING THE SAME

Номер: US20130240778A1
Автор: IMADA Hirohisa
Принадлежит: NIPPON VALQUA INDUSTRIES, LTD.

A thermally conductive resin composition containing (A1) a fluorine-based compound having one to two terminal SiH group(s), in which a content of molecules having two such groups is 60 to 100 mole %, (B1) a fluorine-based compound having one to two terminal alkenyl group(s), in which a content of molecules having two such groups is 60 to 100 mole %, (A2) a fluorine-based compound in which a content of molecules having two terminal SiH groups is 0 to 40 mole %, (B2) a fluorine-based compound in which a content of molecules having two terminal alkenyl groups is 0 to 40 mole %, and (C) a thermally conductive filler, and satisfying, in connection with the content of the fluorine-based compounds, relation of [(A1)+(B1)]/[(A2)+(B2)]=20/80 to 80/20 and (A1)/(B1) and (A2)/(B2)=20/80 to 80/20, as well as a thermally conductive sheet including the same are provided. 1. A thermally conductive resin composition , comprising:(A1) a fluorine-based compound having a perfluoroalkyl ether structure in a main chain and one to two hydrosilyl group(s) at a molecule terminal, in which a content of molecules having two hydrosilyl groups is 60 to 100 mole %;(B1) a fluorine-based compound having a perfluoroalkyl ether structure in a main chain and one to two alkenyl group(s) at a molecule terminal, in which a content of molecules having two alkenyl groups is 60 to 100 mole %;(A2) a fluorine-based compound having a perfluoroalkyl ether structure in a main chain and one to two hydrosilyl group(s) at a molecule terminal, in which a content of molecules having two hydrosilyl groups is 0 to 40 mole %;(B2) a fluorine-based compound having a perfluoroalkyl ether structure in a main chain and one to two alkenyl group(s) at a molecule terminal, in which a content of molecules having two alkenyl groups is 0 to 40 mole %; and(C) a thermally conductive filler, [{'br': None, 'i': A', 'B', 'A', 'B, '[(1)+(1)]/[(2)+(2)]=20/80 to 80/20\u2003\u2003[1]'}, {'br': None, 'i': A', 'B, '(1)/(1)=20/80 to 80/20\ ...

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Номер записи: 80
19-09-2013 дата публикации

Thermoplastic molding composition comprising microencapsulated latent-heat-accumulator material

Номер: US20130245147A1
Автор: Dirk Opfermann, Marco Schmidt, Stephan Altmann, Tina Schroeder-Grimonpont
Принадлежит: BASF SE

A thermoplastic molding composition is provided, which comprises A) from 30 to 90% by weight of at least one thermoplastic polymer, B) from 10 to 70% by weight of microcapsules with a capsule core made of latent-heat-accumulator material and a polymer as capsule wall, where the latent-heat-accumulator material has its solid/liquid phase transition in the temperature range from −20° C. to 120° C., and C) from 0 to 60% by weight of one or more further additive, where each of the percentages by weight is based on the total weight of components A) to C) and these give a total of 100% by weight, obtainable via mixing in the melt of components A), B), and optionally C) in a multiscrew extruder, where the multiscrew extruder comprises, along the direction of conveying, in this sequence, at least one feed zone, one plastifying zone, one homogenizing zone, and one discharge zone, and the feed of the microcapsules B) into the multiscrew extruder takes place at a site after—in the direction of conveying—the plastifying zone. And also a process for producing the composition and uses of the composition for producing fibers, foils, moldings, and foams are provided.

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Номер записи: 81
19-09-2013 дата публикации

HALOGENATED ALKENE HEAT TRANSFER COMPOSITIONS WITH IMPROVED OIL RETURN

Номер: US20130246288A1
Автор: Bonnet Phillippe, Chen Benjamin bin, Crooker Richard M., Elsheikh Maher Y., Van Horn Brett L.
Принадлежит: Arkema Inc.

The invention relates to heat transfer agents and heat transfer compositions containing hydrocarbon lubricating oils and halogenated alkene heat transfer fluid that promote oil flow and provide for improved oil return. The heat transfer compositions are useful in various heat transfer systems such as refrigeration, cooling, air conditioning, chiller operations. 1. A refrigerant composition comprising (1) at least one halogenated alkene heat transfer fluid selected from the group consisting of 3 ,3 ,3-trifluoropropene , 1 ,3 ,3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene , 2 ,3 ,3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene , hydrochlorofluoroalkenes , hydrobromofluoroalkenes , and mixtures thereof and (2) a hydrocarbon lubricating oil selected from the group consisting of mineral oil , alkyl benzene oil , synthetic napthenes , synthetic paraffins , poly(alphaolefins) , or mixtures thereof wherein said at least one halogenated alkene is miscible with said hydrocarbon lubricating oil.2. The refrigerant composition of further comprising a hydrofluorocarbon claim 1 , a hydrofluoroolefin claim 1 , a hydrocarbon claim 1 , carbon dioxide claim 1 , dimethyl ether claim 1 , a fluorinated ether claim 1 , or mixtures thereof.3. The refrigerant composition of wherein the hydrochlorofluoroalkene is selected from the group consisting of monochlorofluoropropene claim 1 , dichlorofluoropropene claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.4. The refrigerant composition of wherein the monochlorofluoropropene is selected from the group consisting of 1-chloro-3 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3-trifluoropropene claim 3 , 2-chloro-3 claim 3 ,3 claim 3 ,3-trifluoropropene claim 3 , and mixtures thereof.5. The refrigerant composition of wherein said 1-chloro-3 claim 4 ,3 claim 4 ,3-trifluoropropene comprises from greater than 70 wt % to about 100 wt % of trans 1-chloro-3 claim 4 ,3 claim 4 ,3-trifluoropropene.6. The refrigerant composition of wherein said 1 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene is predominantly trans 1 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 ...

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Номер записи: 82
26-09-2013 дата публикации

COMBINATIONS OF E-1,3,3,3-TETRAFLUOROPROPENE AND AT LEAST ONE TETRAFLUOROETHANE AND THEIR USE FOR HEATING

Номер: US20130247597A1
Автор: KONTOMARIS KONSTANTINOS
Принадлежит: EI DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY

Disclosed herein is a method for producing heating comprising condensing a vapor working fluid comprising (a) E-CFCH═CHF and (b) at least one tetrafluoroethane of the formula CHF, in a condenser, thereby producing a liquid working fluid; provided that the weight ratio of E-CFCH═CHF to the total amount of E-CFCH═CHF and CHFin the working fluid is from about 0.01 to 0.99. Also disclosed herein is a heat pump apparatus containing a working fluid comprising (a) E-CFCH═CHF and (b) at least one tetrafluoroethane of the formula CHF; provided that the weight ratio of E-CFCH═CHF to the total amount of E-CFCH═CHF and CHFin the working fluid is from about 0.01 to 0.99. Also disclosed herein is a method for raising the maximum feasible condenser operating temperature in a heat pump apparatus suitable for use with HFC-134a working fluid relative to the maximum condenser operating temperature when HFC-134a is used as the heat pump working fluid, comprising charging the heat pump with a working fluid comprising (a) E-CFCH═CHF and (b) at least one tetrafluoroethane of the formula CHF; provided that the weight ratio of E-CFCH═CHF to the total amount of E-CFCH═CHF and CHFis from about 0.01 to 0.99. Also disclosed herein is a method for replacing HFC-134a refrigerant in a heat pump designed for HFC-134a comprising providing a replacement working fluid comprising (a) E-CFCH═CHF and (b) at least one tetrafluoroethane of the formula CHF; provided that the weight ratio of E-CFCH═CHF to the total amount of E-CFCH═CHF and CHFis from about 0.01 to 0.99. Also disclosed herein is a composition comprising from about 10 weight percent to about 40 weight percent E-CFCH═CHF and from about 90 weight percent to about 60 weight percent CHFCHF. 1. A method for producing heating comprising condensing a vapor working fluid comprising (a) E-CFCH═CHF and (b) at least one tetrafluoroethane of the formula CHF , in a condenser , thereby producing a liquid working fluid; provided that the weight ratio of E- ...

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Номер записи: 83
26-09-2013 дата публикации

COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING 1,1,1,4,4,4-HEXAFLUOROBUT-2-ENE AND 3,3,4,4,4-PETRAFLUOROBUT-1-ENE

Номер: US20130247602A1
Автор: Boutier Jean-Christophe, Rached Wissam
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a composition including 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene and 3,3,4,4,4-pentafluorobut-1-ene, as well as to use thereof, in particular as a heat transfer fluid. 1. A composition comprising 1 ,1 ,1 ,4 ,4 ,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene and 3 ,3 ,4 ,4 ,4-pentafluorobut-1-ene.2. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , comprising:from 0.1% to 99.9% of 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene and from 0.1% to 99.9% of 3,3,4,4,4-pentafluorobut-1-ene.3. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene is in the form of the trans isomer claim 1 , or of the cis isomer claim 1 , or of a mixture of the trans isomer and the cis isomer.4. A heat-transfer fluid comprising the composition as claimed in .5. A heat-transfer composition comprising the composition as claimed in further comprising one or more additives selected from the group consisting of lubricants claim 1 , stabilizers claim 1 , surfactants claim 1 , tracers claim 1 , fluorescent agents claim 1 , odorous agents solubilizing agents claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.6. Heat-transfer equipment comprising a vapor compression circuit containing a composition as claimed in as a heat-transfer fluid.7. The heat-transfer equipment as claimed in claim 6 , selected from the group consisting of mobile heat-pump heating claim 6 , stationary heat-pump heating claim 6 , air conditioning claim 6 , refrigeration equipment claim 6 , freezing equipment and Rankine cycles.8. A process for heating or for cooling a fluid or a body by means of a vapor compression circuit containing a heat-transfer fluid claim 1 , said process successively comprising evaporation of the heat-transfer fluid claim 1 , compression of the heat-transfer fluid claim 1 , condensation of the heat-transfer fluid and expansion of the heat-transfer fluid claim 1 , wherein the heat-transfer fluid is a composition as claimed in .9. The process as claimed in claim 8 , which is a process for ...

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Номер записи: 84
26-09-2013 дата публикации

HIGH DURABILITY THERMALLY CONDUCTIVE COMPOSITE AND LOW DE-OIOLING GREASE

Номер: US20130248755A1
Автор: DOHMOTO Takashi, OSHIMA Kazuhiro, YAMAGATA Toshitaka
Принадлежит: DENKI KAGAKU KOGYO KABUSHIKI KAISHA

Provided is a high durability thermally conductive composite containing 0.5-10 volume % of a high molecular weight silicone with vinyl groups on both ends with viscosity at 25 DEG C. of 10000-15000 Pa·s, 1-10 volume % of an alkylalkoxysilane, and 40-65 volume % of an inorganic filler with the remainder being an addition-reacting low molecular weight silicone with viscosity at 25 DEG C. of 0.2-0.5 Pa·s. Also provided is a grease characterized in containing 38-48 volume % of an addition-reacting low molecular weight silicone with viscosity at 25 DEG C. of 0.2-0.5 Pa·s, 2-8 volume % of a high molecular weight silicone with vinyl groups on both ends with viscosity at 25 DEG C. of 10000-15000 Pa·s, and 50-60 volume % of an inorganic filler. It is preferable that the alkylalkoxysilane is a triethoxysilane or trimethoxysilane wherein the number of carbons in the alkyl groups is six to ten. 1. A high durability thermally conductive composite comprising:0.5˜10% by volume of a high molecular weight silicon with vinyl groups on both ends and with viscosity at 25° C. of 10000˜15000 Pa·s, 1˜10% by volume of an alkylalkoxysilane, 40˜65% by volume of an inorganic filler, and the remainder of an addition-reacting low molecular weight silicon with viscosity at 25° C. of 0.2˜0.5 Pa·s.2. The high durability thermally conductive composite according to claim 1 , wherein the alkylalkoxysilane is a triethoxysilane or trimethoxysilane having an alkyl group with 6 to 10 carbons.3. A grease using the high durability thermally conductive composite according to .4. A grease using the high durability thermally conductive composite according to .5. A grease comprising:38˜48% by volume of an addition-reacting low molecular weight silicon with viscosity at 25° C. of 0.2˜0.5 Pa·s, 2˜8% by volume of a high molecular weight silicon with vinyl groups on both ends and with viscosity at 25° C. of 10000˜15000 Pa·s, and 50˜60% by volume of an inorganic filler.6. The grease according to claim 5 , wherein ...

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Номер записи: 85
03-10-2013 дата публикации

REFRIGERANTS CONTAINING (E)-1,1,1,4,4,4-HEXAFLUOROBUT-2-ENE

Номер: US20130255284A1
Автор: Rached Wissam
Принадлежит: Arkema France

The invention relates to a composition comprising (E)-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobat-2-ene as a mixture with at least one hydrocarbon, hydrofinorocarbon or fluoroolefin compound having a boiling point less than or equal to 42° C., and also to the use of this composition as a heat transfer fluid. 1. A composition comprising (E)-1 ,1 ,1 ,4 ,4 ,4-hexafluorobut ,ene with at least one compound having a boiling point less than or equal to −12° C. selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons , hydrofluorocarbons , ethers , hydrofluoroethers , fluoroolefins and mixtures thereof.2. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of 1 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene claim 1 , 2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene claim 1 , 3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,2-tetrafluoroethane claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,1-difluoroethane claim 1 , difluoromethane claim 1 , pentafluoroethane claim 1 , propane and dimethyl ether claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.3. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , consisting of a mixture of:(E)-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexalluorobut-2-ene and a compound selected from the group consisting of 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 3,3,3-trifluoropropene, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1,1-difluoroethane, difluoromethane, pentafluoroethane and propane and mixtures thereof.4. (canceled)5. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the difference between the liquid saturation pressure and the vapor saturation pressure at a temperature of −5′'C is less than or equal to 10% of the liquid saturation pressure.6. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , comprising:from 10% to 50% of (E)-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene and from 50% to 90% of 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene.7. (canceled)8. A heat-transfer composition comprising the composition as claimed in further comprising one or more additives selected from the group consisting of ...

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Номер записи: 86
03-10-2013 дата публикации

REFRIGERATION OIL FROM GAS-TO-LIQUID-DERIVED AND BIO-DERIVED TRIESTERS

Номер: US20130256586A1
Автор: Elomari Saleh, Kramer David C., Miller Stephen J., Shah Ravindra
Принадлежит:

The present invention is directed to a refrigerator oil composition comprising 2. The refrigerator oil composition of wherein the halohydrocarbon comprises a chlorine-free type halogenocarbon claim 1 , a chlorine-containing type halogenocarbon claim 1 , or mixtures thereof.3. The refrigerator oil composition of wherein halohydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of: difluoromethane (HFC-32) claim 2 , trifluoromethane (HFC-23) claim 2 , pentafluoroethane (HFC-125) claim 2 , 1 claim 2 ,1 claim 2 ,2 claim 2 ,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134) claim 2 , 1 claim 2 ,1 claim 2 ,1 claim 2 ,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a) claim 2 , 1 claim 2 ,1 claim 2 ,1-trifluoroethane (HFC-143a) claim 2 , 1 claim 2 ,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a) claim 2 , monochlorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22) claim 2 , 1-chloro-1 claim 2 ,1-difluoroethane (HCFC-142b) claim 2 , dichlorotrifluoroethane (HCFC-123) and monochlorotetrafluoroethane (HCFC-124); and mixtures thereof.4. The refrigerator oil composition of wherein the triester species is derived from a process comprising:(a) esterifying a mono-unsaturated fatty acid having from 10 to 22 carbon atoms with an alcohol thereby forming an unsaturated ester;(b) epoxidizing the unsaturated ester in step (a) thereby forming an epoxy-ester species comprising an epoxide ring;(c) opening the ring of the epoxy-ester species in step (b) thereby forming a dihydroxy ester; and(d) esterifying the dihydroxy ester in step (c) with an esterifying species to form a triester species, wherein the esterifying species is selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acids, acyl halides, acyl anhydrides, and combinations thereof, and wherein the esterifying species has a carbon number of from 2 to 18.5. The refrigerator oil composition of wherein the pour point is less than −25° C.6. The refrigerator oil composition of wherein the cloud point is less than 0° C.7. The refrigerator oil composition of wherein the esterifying species is a carboxylic acid.8. The refrigerator ...

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Номер записи: 87
03-10-2013 дата публикации

THERMAL AND/OR ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY CONTROL IN SUSPENSIONS

Номер: US20130256587A1
Автор: Chen Gang, Gao Jinwei, Zheng Ruiting
Принадлежит: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Articles, systems, and methods involving the control of thermal and/or electrical conductivity in suspensions are generally described. 1. A method , comprising:providing a suspension comprising a suspension medium in a first phase and particles within the suspension medium;applying a thermal gradient and/or an electrical potential across the suspension; andallowing the suspension medium to undergo a phase change from the first phase to a second phase such that the thermal conductivity and/or the electrical conductivity of the suspension changes.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein a majority of the particles have maximum cross-sectional dimensions of less than about 10 microns.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the particles have a thermal conductivity of at least about 5 W/mK and/or an electrical conductivity of at least about 10 S m claim 1 , in at least one direction claim 1 , as measured at 25° C.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the suspension is part of a thermistor.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the suspension is part of a temperature sensor.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the suspension is part of an electrical fuse.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the phase change is caused by resistive heating of the suspension.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , after a phase change claim 1 , the thermal conductivity of the suspension changes by at least a factor of 2.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , after a phase change claim 1 , the electrical conductivity of the suspension changes by at least a factor of 10.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the suspension undergoes at least 2 freeze/thaw cycles.11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the change in thermal and/or electrical conductivity between the suspensions comprising the first phase and the second phase varies by less than about 20% over at least 5 freeze/thaw cycles.12. The method of claim 1 , wherein a component of the suspension medium is selected claim 1 , at least in part claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 88
03-10-2013 дата публикации

Process for producing fluorinated organic compounds

Номер: US20130256588A1
Автор: Galimberti Marco, Gavezotti Piero, Monzani Cristiano, Tortelli Vito
Принадлежит: SOLVAY SPECIALTY POLYMERS ITALY S.P.A.

A process for fluorinating hydrocarbon compounds, which comprises: 1. A process for fluorinating hydrocarbon compounds , which comprises the steps of:A. providing a compound selected from the group consisting of straight-chain, branched-chain and cyclic alkanes, straight-chain, branched-chain and cyclic ethers, said compound comprises at least one carbon-hydrogen bond and is free from —C(O)— functional groups;B. reacting said compound with fluorine in the presence of at least one (per)haloolefin comprising at least one carbon-carbon double bond and having at least one fluorine or chlorine atom on either one of the carbon atoms of said double bond, said (per)haloolefin being present in an amount of 0.1 to 30 mol % with respect to the hydrogen atoms contained in said hydrocarbon compound, to obtain a fluorinated compound wherein at least one carbon-hydrogen bond has been replaced by a carbon-fluorine bond.2. The process according to wherein said alkane is selected from the group consisting of the straight-chain or branched-chain alkanes of formula (IA) CHFXor the cyclic alkanes of formula (IB) CHFX wherein: X is selected from Cl claim 1 , Br claim 1 , I claim 1 , —SOF claim 1 , —SOCl; a is an integer≧1 claim 1 , b and c are integers≧0 claim 1 , wherein (b+c)≦(2a+1); a′ is an integer from 3 to 20; b′ and c′ are integers≧0 wherein (b′+c′)≦(2a′-1).3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said ether is selected from the group consisting of the straight-chain or branched-chain ethers of formula (IIA) CHFXOor the cyclic ethers of formula (IIB) CHFXO claim 1 , wherein: X is selected from Cl claim 1 , Br claim 1 , I claim 1 , —SOF claim 1 , —SOCl; g is an integer≧1; j and l are integers≧0 claim 1 , wherein (j+l)≦(2g+1); k and k′ are integers≧1; g′ is an integer≧3 claim 1 , j′ and l′ are integers≧0 wherein (j′+l′)≦(2g′-1).4. The process according to claim 3 , wherein the ether is selected from the group consisting of those that comply with formula (IIC) RO—(R)—R′ claim 3 ...

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Номер записи: 89
10-10-2013 дата публикации

Nitrate salt compositions comprising alkali metal carbonate and their use as heat transfer medium or heat storage medium

Номер: US20130264514A1
Автор: Florian Garlichs, Johan Ter Maat, Jurgen Wortmann, Karolin Geyer, Kerstin Schierle-Arndt, Michael Ladenberger, Michael Lutz, Stephan Maurer
Принадлежит: BASF SE

Nitrate salt composition comprising as significant constituents A) an alkali metal nitrate and optionally an alkali metal nitrite in a total amount in the range from 90 to 99.84% by weight and B) an alkali metal compound selected from the group B1) alkali metal oxide, B2) alkali metal carbonate, B3) alkali metal compound which decomposes into alkali metal oxide or alkali metal carbonate in the temperature range from 250° C. to 600° C., B4) alkali metal hydroxide MetOH, in which Met is lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, B5) alkali metal peroxide Met 2 O 2 , in which Met is lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and B6) alkali metal superoxide MetO 2 , in which Met is sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, in a total amount in the range from 0.16 to 10% by weight, in each case based on the nitrate salt composition.

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Номер записи: 90
31-10-2013 дата публикации

PHENOL STABILIZERS FOR FLUOROOLEFINS

Номер: US20130283834A1
Автор: Leck Thomas Joseph, Minor Barbara Haviland, Mouli Nandini C., Nappa Mario Joseph, RAO VELLIYUR NOTT MALLIKARJUNA
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to compositions comprising at least one fluoroolefin and an effective amount of stabilizer that may be at least one phenol or a mixture of at least one phenol with other stabilizers. The stabilized compositions may be useful in cooling apparatus, such as refrigeration, air-conditioning, chillers, and heat pumps, as well as in applications as foam blowing agents, solvents, aerosol propellants, fire extinguishants, and sterilants. 1. A composition comprising:a. at least one fluoroolefin;b. and an effective amount of stabilizer comprising at least one phenol and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of thiophosphates, butylated triphenylphosphorothionates, organo phosphates, fullerenes, functionalized perfluoropolyethers, polyoxyalkylated aromatics, alkylated aromatics, oxetanes, ascorbic acid, thiols, lactones, thioethers, nitromethane, alkylsilanes, aryl sulfides, divinyl terephthalate, diphenyl terephthalate, graphite, polycyclic aromatics, and mixtures thereof.3. The composition of further comprising at least one additional compound selected from the group consisting of fluoroolefins claim 1 , hydrofluorocarbons claim 1 , hydrocarbons claim 1 , dimethyl ether claim 1 , CFI claim 1 , carbon dioxide claim 1 , ammonia claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.4. The composition of further comprising a lubricant selected from the groups consisting of mineral oils claim 1 , alkylbenzenes claim 1 , poly-alpha-olefins claim 1 , silicone oils claim 1 , polyoxyalkylene glycol ethers claim 1 , polyol esters claim 1 , and polyvinylethers and mixtures thereof.5. The composition of further comprising at least one additional stabilizer compound selected from the group consisting of phosphites claim 1 , terpenes claim 1 , terpenoids claim 1 , epoxides claim 1 , fluorinated epoxides claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.7. The composition of wherein the phenol comprises at least one phenol selected from the group consisting of 2 claim 1 ,6-di-tert- ...

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Номер записи: 91
31-10-2013 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PROVIDING AND USING AN ALCOHOL AND USE OF THE ALCOHOL FOR INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY AND PERFORMANCE OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Номер: US20130284138A1
Автор: Meyer-Pittroff Roland
Принадлежит: Silicon Fire AG

A method for providing and consuming a storable and transportable, alcohol-containing cooling fluid comprising the following steps: 1108. A method for proving and using a storable and transportable , alcohol- containing cooling fld () with the following steps:{'b': 52', '104', '101, 'providing (; ) a carbon dioxide gas () as a carbon supplier;'}{'b': '103', 'providing a hydrogen gas ();'}{'b': 101', '103, 'pviding a gaseous starting material (AS) which comprises the carbon dxide gas () and hydrogen gas ();'}{'i': {'b': '10', '.) into a reactor ();'}, 'introduction of the starting mateal'}{'b': 15', '20', '10', '108, 'i': m', '.n, 'passage of the starting material (AS) through a reactor section (.; ) of the reactor () which is equipped at least partly with a catalyst in order to synthesize the cooling fluid () by way of catalytic synthesis;'}{'b': 108', '23', '10', '108', '108, 'providing the cooling fluid () at an output end () of the reactor (), with the cooling fluid () being a mixture () of alcohol and water;'}{'b': 108', '62', '108', '62', '108, 'using the cooling fluid () before or in an internal combustion engine () which is supplied with a fuel, with the cooling fluid () being used for cooling intake air, compressor air, charge air or/and a fuel-air mixture supplied to the internal combustion engine () by evaporating the cooling fluid ().'}21082310. Athod according to claim 1 , characterized in that the cooling fluid () claim 1 , which is provided at the output end () of the reactor () claim 1 , comprises methanol as the alcohol claim 1 , and contains between 5 and 50% by mass of methanol and the remainder of water.321082310108. (hod according to claim 1 , characterized in that the cooling fluid () claim 1 , which is provided at the output end () of the reactor () claim 1 , comprises methanol as the alcohol claim 1 , and that the cooling fluid () comprises less than 30% by mass of methanol and more than 70% by mass of water.4108621082310. A method according ...

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Номер записи: 92
14-11-2013 дата публикации

PRODUCING HEATING USING WORKING FLUIDS COMPRISING Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-HEXAFLUORO-2-BUTENE

Номер: US20130298581A1
Автор: KONTOMARIS KONSTANTINOS
Принадлежит: E I DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY

Disclosed herein is a method for producing heating in a high temperature heat pump comprising condensing a vapor working fluid comprising Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene, in a condenser, thereby producing a liquid working fluid. Also disclosed herein is a method of raising the maximum feasible condenser operating temperature in a high temperature heat pump apparatus comprising charging the high temperature heat pump with a working fluid comprising Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene. Also disclosed herein is a composition comprising: (a) Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene; (b) 2-chloropropane; and (c) at least one lubricant suitable for use at a temperature of at least about 150° C.; is wherein the 2-chloropropane is present in an amount effective to form an azeotrope or azeotrope-like combination with the Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene. Also disclosed herein is a high temperature heat pump apparatus containing a working fluid comprising Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene. 1. A method for producing heating in a high temperature heat pump comprising condensing a vapor working fluid comprising Z-1 ,1 ,1 ,4 ,4 ,4-hexafluoro-2-butene , in a condenser , thereby producing a liquid working fluid.2. The method of further comprising passing a heat transfer medium through the condenser claim 1 , whereby said condensation of working fluid heats the heat transfer medium claim 1 , and passing the heated heat transfer medium from the condenser to a body to be heated.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the heat transfer medium is water and the body to be heated is water or air for space heating.4. (canceled)5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the heat transfer medium is an industrial heat transfer liquid and the body to be heated is a chemical process stream.6. The method of claim 2 , further comprising compressing the working fluid vapor in a dynamic (e.g. axial or centrifugal) or a positive displacement (e.g. reciprocating claim 2 , screw or scroll) compressor.7. The method of ...

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Номер записи: 93
14-11-2013 дата публикации

PHASE CHANGE AGGREGATES INCLUDING PARTICULATE PHASE CHANGE MATERIAL

Номер: US20130298991A1
Автор: Driscoll Joseph A., Parker Joseph B.
Принадлежит: PCM INNOVATIONS LLC

The present invention provides methods of producing manufactured aggregates and other compositions from a particulate PCM slurry, suspension or emulsion by combining a cementitious binder and a adsorbent and/or absorbent with the PCM slurry. The PCM-containing composition can be produced in an agglomeration process. The ingredients can also be mixed to form a viscous mass which can be extruded or otherwise formed to produce useful products. 1196-. (canceled)197. A phase change material-containing composition , comprising:phase change material, wherein the phase change material is contained in particles bound within the composition, and wherein the particles are form-stabilized particles comprising the phase change material disposed in a support structure;sorbent; andcement binder.198. A composition according to claim 197 , wherein the support structure is a porous material.199. A composition according to claim 198 , wherein the support structure is chosen from the group consisting of activated carbon claim 198 , silica claim 198 , high density polyethylene (HDPE) claim 198 , hyadite claim 198 , shale claim 198 , styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer claim 198 , perlite claim 198 , zeolite claim 198 , diatomaceous earth claim 198 , gamma-alumina claim 198 , styrene maleic anhydride copolymer claim 198 , silicon dioxide claim 198 , or combinations thereof.200. A composition according to claim 197 , wherein the sorbent comprises a clay comprised of at least a majority by weight of magnesium alumino silicate material selected from the group consisting of attapulgite claim 197 , palygorskite and any combination thereof.201. A composition according to claim 197 , wherein the sorbent has a sorption capacity of at least 0.4 times the weight of the sorbent.202. A composition according to claim 197 , comprising the sorbent at a weight ratio to the phase change material in a range of from 0.01:1 to 2:1.203. A composition according to claim 197 , wherein the cement binder ...

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Номер записи: 94
14-11-2013 дата публикации

3,3,3-TRIFLUOROPROPENE COMPOSITION

Номер: US20130299733A1
Автор: Boussand Beatrice
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a composition including a polyol ester (POE) or PVE lubricant and a refrigerant F including 3,3,3-trifluoropropene. The invention also relates to the use of said composition for refrigeration, air-conditioning, and for heat pump. 1. A composition comprising at least one lubricant based on polyol esters or polyvinyl ethers and a refrigerant comprising 3 ,3 ,3-trifluoropropene.2. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that the refrigerant further comprises 2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene and trans-4 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene.3. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that the polyol esters are obtained from polyols which have a neopentyl backbone.4. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that the polyol esters are obtained from linear or branched carboxylic acid having from 2 to 15 carbon atoms.5. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that the polyol esters represent between 10% and 50% by weight of the composition.6. (canceled)7. The composition as claimed in claim 3 , characterized in that the neopentyl is selected from the group neopentyl glycol claim 3 , trimethylol propane claim 3 , pentaerythritol and dipentaerythritol. The present invention relates to a composition containing 3,3,3-trifluoropropene and at least one lubricant, which can be used in refrigeration, air conditioning and heat pumps.The problems posed by substances which deplete the atmospheric ozone layer were addressed in Montreal, where the protocol imposing a reduction in the production and use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) was signed. This protocol has been the subject of amendments which have required the abandoning of CFCs and have extended regulation to other products, including hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs).The refrigeration and air conditioning industries have invested a great deal in the replacement of these refrigerants and it is because of ...

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Номер записи: 95
28-11-2013 дата публикации

REFRIGERANT COMPOSITION COMPRISING DIFLUOROMETHANE (HFC32) AND 2,3,3,3-TETRAFLUOROPROPENE (HFO1234YF)

Номер: US20130312446A1
Автор: Shibanuma Takashi, YAMADA Yasufu
Принадлежит: DAIKIN INDUSTRIES, LTD.

An object of the present invention is to provide a refrigerant composition having a reduced amount of comprehensive environmental load, in which the refrigerant composition has low GWP (direct impact on global warming is low), and has good energy efficiency (indirect impact on global warming is low) when used in a device. 19-. (canceled)10. A refrigeration unit comprising:(a) a countermeasure to prevent heat exchange efficiency from decreasing due to a temperature glide in a heat exchanger; and(b) a refrigerant composition comprising 30 to 50 mass % of difluoromethane (HFC32) and 70 to 50 mass % of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO1234yf), based on a total of HFC32 and HFO1234yf in the refrigerant composition.11. The refrigeration unit according to claim 10 , wherein the refrigeration unit is further provided with a countermeasure to reduce an effect of pressure loss.12. The refrigeration unit according to claim 10 , wherein the countermeasure to prevent heat exchange efficiency from decreasing due to the temperature glide in a heat exchanger is at least one of the following: eliminating a temperature difference between air and refrigerant by countercurrent flow claim 10 , preventing frost formation near an inlet of an evaporator claim 10 , and increasing a heat-transfer coefficient of a heat exchanger.13. The refrigeration unit according to claim 11 , wherein the countermeasure to reduce the effect of pressure loss is at least one of the following: increasing a tube diameter of a heat exchanger or optimizing a number of paths in a heat exchanger claim 11 , increasing a pipe diameter or shortening a length of a pipe in an air conditioner and a connecting pipe for an air conditioner claim 11 , using an ejector as an expansion mechanism; and using an economizer cycle.14. A refrigeration unit comprising:(a) a countermeasure to prevent heat exchange efficiency from decreasing due to a temperature glide in a heat exchanger; and(b) a refrigerant composition comprising 35 to ...

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Номер записи: 96
28-11-2013 дата публикации

LUBRICATING OIL COMPOSITION FOR REFRIGERATORS

Номер: US20130313469A1
Автор: KANEKO Masato
Принадлежит:

Provided is a lubricating oil composition for a refrigerator which uses a base oil including as the main component at least one kind of oxygen-containing compounds selected from polyoxyalkylene glycols, polyvinyl ethers, copolymers of poly(oxy)alkylene glycols or monoethers thereof and polyvinyl ethers, polyol esters, and polycarbonates. The lubricating oil composition for a refrigerator is used for a refrigerator that uses, as a refrigerant, a fluorine-containing organic compound, which is a refrigerant applicable to current car air conditioner systems or the like and has a specific polar structure, and has favorable sealing property, a low coefficient of friction factor in a sliding part, and excellent stability as well as excellent compatibility with the refrigerant. 115-. (canceled)17. The composition according to claim 16 , wherein the refrigerant is a blend of the at least one unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compound represented by formula (A) and at least one saturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compound claim 16 , andwherein the refrigerant contains 30% by mass or less of the saturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compound based on the total amount of the refrigerant.18. The composition according to claim 17 , wherein the refrigerant contains 10% by mass or less of the saturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compound based on the total amount of the refrigerant.19. The composition according to claim 16 , wherein the refrigerant consists of the unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compound represented by formula (A).20. The composition according to claim 16 , wherein the unsaturated refrigerant fluorinated hydrocarbon compound is a fluorinated derivative of propene.21. The composition according to claim 20 , wherein the fluorinated derivative of propene comprises at least one isomer of pentafluoropropene claim 20 , 3 claim 20 ,3 claim 20 ,3-trifluoropropene or 1 claim 20 ,3 claim 20 ,3 claim 20 ,3-tetrafluoropropene.22. The composition according to claim 16 , wherein ...

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Номер записи: 97
05-12-2013 дата публикации

Heat Transfer Compositions

Номер: US20130325732A1
Автор: Low Robert E.
Принадлежит: MEXICHEM AMANCO HOLDING S.A. DE C.V.

A heat transfer composition comprising trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)), difiuoromethane (R-32) and 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a). 1. A heat transfer composition comprising trans-1 ,3 ,3 ,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)) , difluoromethane (R-32) and 1 ,1-difluoroethane (R-152a).2. A composition according to comprising up to about 25% by weight R-32.3. A composition according to comprising up to about 45% by weight R-152a.4. A composition according to comprising from about 5 to about 12% by weight R-32 claim 1 , from about 10 to about 45% by weight of R-152a and from about 43 to about 85% by weight R-1234ze(E).5. A composition according to comprising from about 8 to about 12% by weight R-32 claim 1 , from about 5 to about 10% by weight R-152a claim 1 , and from about 78 to about 87% by weight R-1234ze(E).6. A composition according to consisting essentially of R-32 claim 1 , R-152a and R-1234ze(E).7. A composition according to further comprising 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a).8. A composition according to comprising up to about 50% by weight of R-134a.9. A composition according to comprising from about 2 to about 15% by weight R-32 claim 8 , from about 5 to about 45% by weight R-152a claim 8 , from about 25 to about 50% R-134a claim 8 , and from about 5 to about 70% by weight R-1234ze(E).10. A composition according to claim 7 , consisting essentially of R-32 claim 7 , R-152a claim 7 , R-1234ze(E) and R-134a.11. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition has a GWP of less than 1000 claim 1 , preferably less than 150.12. A composition according claim 1 , wherein the temperature glide is less than about 10K claim 1 , preferably less than about 5K.13. A composition according claim 1 , wherein the composition has a volumetric refrigeration capacity within about 15% claim 1 , preferably within about 10% of the existing refrigerant that it is intended to replace.14. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein ...

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Номер записи: 98
12-12-2013 дата публикации

COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR REDUCING FIRE HAZARD OF FLAMMABLE REFRIGERANTS

Номер: US20130327996A1
Автор: Hammel Howard S., Leck Thomas Joseph
Принадлежит: E I DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY

The present invention relates to compositions comprising flammable refrigerant, fire hazard-reducing agent, and optionally a lubricant suitable for use in a refrigeration or air conditioning apparatus. Further, the present invention relates to compositions comprising lubricant and fire hazard-reducing agent and methods for reducing flammability of flammable refrigerant, for delivering a fire hazard-reducing agent to a refrigeration or air conditioning apparatus, and for replacing a non-flammable refrigerant with a flammable refrigerant. 1. A composition comprising:(i) at least one flammable refrigerant; and(ii) at least one fire hazard-reducing agent selected from the group of perfluorinated lubricants.2. The composition of wherein said flammable refrigerant is selected from the group consisting of hydrofluorocarbons claim 1 , fluoroethers claim 1 , hydrocarbon ethers claim 1 , hydrocarbons claim 1 , ammonia and mixtures thereof.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said flammable refrigerant is a mixture claim 1 , said mixture comprising at least one non-flammable refrigerant.4. The composition of further comprising at least one lubricant selected from the group consisting of mineral oils claim 1 , paraffins claim 1 , naphthenes claim 1 , synthetic paraffins claim 1 , alkylbenzenes claim 1 , poly-alpha-olefins claim 1 , polyalkylene glycols claim 1 , polyvinyl ethers claim 1 , polyol esters and mixtures thereof.5. The composition of further comprising at least one additive selected from the group consisting of anticorrosion claim 1 , anti-wear claim 1 , stabilizer and lubricity additives.6. A composition comprising:(i) a fire hazard-reducing agent suitable for use with a flammable refrigerant selected from the group of perfluorinated lubricants; and(ii) a lubricant selected from the group consisting of mineral oils, paraffins, naphthenes, synthetic paraffins, alkylbenzenes, poly-alpha-olefins, polyalkylene glycols, polyvinyl ethers, polyol esters and mixtures ...

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Номер записи: 99
26-12-2013 дата публикации

ENERGY EXCHANGE BUILDING ENVELOPE

Номер: US20130340969A1
Автор: Dyson Anna, Ngai Ted, Vollen Jason, Winn Kelly
Принадлежит:

Provided in one embodiment is an article, the article comprising: a material, which adjusts at least one surface property in response to a climate condition to affect energy exchange between the exterior and the interior of the article. Another embodiment provides a structure, comprising: a building facade envelope, comprising a material: wherein the envelope adjusts at least one surface property in response to a climate condition, to affect energy exchange between the exterior and the interior of the envelope. 1. An article , comprising:a material, which adjusts at least one surface property in response to a climate condition, to affect energy exchange between the exterior and the interior of the article.2. The article of claim 1 , wherein the material comprises a ceramic.3. The article of claim 1 , wherein the material comprises a ceramic comprising clay.4. The article of claim 1 , wherein the material comprises a metal.5. The article of claim 1 , wherein the material comprises a metal comprising aluminum.6. The article of claim 1 , wherein the material comprises a phase change material.7. The article of claim 1 , wherein the material further comprises a solar cell.8. The article of claim 1 , wherein the surface property is at least one of geometry claim 1 , coloration claim 1 , and surface morphology.9. The article of claim 1 , wherein the energy is at least one of heat claim 1 , light claim 1 , and radiation.10. The article of claim 1 , wherein the article is a part of a building envelope.11. A structure claim 1 , comprising:a building façade envelope, comprising a material:wherein the envelope adjusts at least one surface property in response to a climate condition to affect energy exchange between the exterior and the interior of the envelope.12. The structure of claim 11 , wherein the climate is specific to a geographical location of the structure.13. The structure of claim 11 , wherein the surface property is at least one of geometry claim 11 , coloration ...

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Номер записи: 100