Настройки

Укажите год
-

Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

Подробнее
-

Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

Подробнее

Форма поиска

Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
Ведите корректный номера.
Ведите корректный номера.
Ведите корректный номера.
Ведите корректный номера.
Укажите год
Укажите год
Применить Всего найдено 1851. Отображено 100.
28-08-2017 дата публикации

Реторта

Номер: RU0000173440U1
Автор: Сергей Анатольевич Самойленко, Юрий Леонидович Юрьев
Принадлежит: Сергей Анатольевич Самойленко

Полезная модель относится к пиролизу древесины и может быть использована в печах для производства древесного угля.Технической задачей полезной модели является повышение производительности реторты, предупреждение преждевременного выхода реторты из строя, обеспечение стабильности температурных режимов эксплуатации.Люк реторты в зоне выхода пиролизных газов имеет отверстия диаметром 10-25 мм, причем общее сечение отверстий при этом рассчитано из условия равности общему сечению газоотводных труб газосборника, на который устанавливается реторта. 4 ил. Ц 1 173440 ко РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ КО "” 17344 Х х Я 77, (13) Г аа ил < #8 # и”. % (50) МПК СЛОВ 102 (2006.01) (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2016136285, 08.09.2016 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 08.09.2016 Дата регистрации: 28.08.2017 Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 08.09.2016 (45) Опубликовано: 28.08.2017 Бюл. № 25 Адрес для переписки: 620100, Екатеринбург, Сибирский тракт, 37, УГЛТУ ОНИРС и ИС, Глазырину В.В. (72) Автор(ы): Самойленко Сергей Анатольевич (КО), Юрьев Юрий Леонидович (КП) (73) Патентообладатель(и): Самойленко Сергей Анатольевич (КО) (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: КУ 76644 01, 27.09.2008. КУ 97128 01, 27.08.2010. (54) РЕТОРТА (57) Реферат: Полезная модель относится к пиролизу древесины и может быть использована в печах для производства древесного угля. Технической задачей полезной модели является Повышение — производительности реторты, предупреждение преждевременного выхода реторты из строя, обеспечение стабильности температурных режимов Стр.: 1 эксплуатации. Люк реторты в зоне выхода пиролизных газов имеет отверстия диаметром 10-25 мм, причем общее сечение отверстий при этом рассчитано из условия равности общему сечению газоотводных труб газосборника, на который устанавливается реторта. 4 ил. па ОД Ь ЕП 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 КО 17340 91 Полезная модель относится к пиролизу ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 1
05-04-2012 дата публикации

Coal Liquefaction System

Номер: US20120082593A1
Автор: Alfred H. Stiller, Elliot B. Kennel
Принадлежит: Quantex Research Corp

The present disclosure relates to a coal liquefaction system for utilizing a hydrogenated vegetable oil to liquefy coal. The system includes a reactor for exposing a coal to a hydrogenated vegetable oil in the presence of a coal-derived solvent to form a slurry, a heater that elevates the temperature of the slurry in the reactor to facilitate liquefying the coal and liberating a volatile matter, and a centrifuge that separates the insoluble components from the slurry to obtain a de-ashed coal extract, wherein the coal extract is suitable for downstream processing. The system may also include a distillation column that distills the de-ashed coal extract to obtain a pitch. The system may also include a coker that cokes at least one of the de-ashed coal extract and the pitch to obtain a coke

Подробнее
Номер записи: 2
19-04-2012 дата публикации

Rubber Material in Coal Liquefaction

Номер: US20120091043A1
Автор: Alfred H. Stiller
Принадлежит: Quantex Research Corp

The present disclosure provides methods and systems for coal liquefaction using a rubber material. A method of obtaining a de-ashed coal extract includes exposing a coal to a rubber material in the presence of a coal-derived solvent to form a slurry, elevating the temperature of the slurry to facilitate liquefying the coal and liberating a volatile matter, and separating the insoluble components from the slurry to obtain a de-ashed coal extract, wherein the coal extract is suitable for downstream processing.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 3
19-04-2012 дата публикации

Sewage Material in Coal Liquefaction

Номер: US20120091044A1
Автор: Alfred H. Stiller
Принадлежит: Quantex Research Corp

The present disclosure provides methods and systems for coal liquefaction using a sewage material. A method of obtaining a de-ashed coal extract includes exposing a coal to a sewage material in the presence of a coal-derived solvent to form a slurry, elevating the temperature of the slurry to facilitate liquefying the coal and liberating a volatile matter, and separating the insoluble components from the slurry to obtain a de-ashed coal extract, wherein the coal extract is suitable for downstream processing.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 4
26-04-2012 дата публикации

Method of Obtaining a High Quality Coke from Low Rank Coal Liquefaction

Номер: US20120097580A1
Автор: Alfred H. Stiller
Принадлежит: Quantex Research Corp

The present disclosure provides methods and systems for coal liquefaction and obtaining a obtaining a high quality coke from a low rank coal extract. A method of obtaining a high quality coke from a low rank coal extract may include exposing a coal to a hydrogenated vegetable oil in the presence of a coal-derived solvent to form a slurry, elevating the temperature of the slurry to facilitate liquefying the coal and liberating a volatile matter, separating the insoluble components from the slurry to obtain a de-ashed coal extract that is quinoline insoluble-free, distilling the coal extract under vacuum to obtain a pitch with a suitable softening point, and coking the pitch to obtain a coke. The coke may be at least one of an anisotropic coke, a metallurgical coke, a graphite coke, an anode coke, and a needle coke.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 5
24-05-2012 дата публикации

Pyrolyser

Номер: US20120125757A1
Автор: Robert D. Eden
Принадлежит: Process Ltd

The present invention provides a pyrolysis system comprising an entrained flow pyrolyser having an opening through which biomass can be added. The pyrolyser also has an inlet for hot exhaust gas, an outlet for pyrolysed biomass and an outlet for syngas. The system has a burner for producing hot exhaust gas and a conduit between the burner and the hot exhaust gas inlet. A syngas extraction means for extracting syngas from the pyrolyser. The syngas extraction means extracts syngas from the pyrolyser at a rate such that the internal pressure within the pyrolyser never exceeds the pressure external to the pyrolyser.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 6
07-06-2012 дата публикации

System for conveying hydrocarbonaceous material in a retort structure

Номер: US20120138446A1
Автор: Todd C. Dana
Принадлежит: Individual

A system for conveying material in a high volume, substantially continuous retort process. In the system a material is introduced into the retort and forms a live pile atop a distribution system. As the material falls through the distribution system it is heated to pyrolyze any organic matter. The resulting hydrocarbons are collected and the material is collected at a bottom of the retort structure.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 7
05-09-2013 дата публикации

Biofuel pyrolysis device and methods of use thereof

Номер: US20130228443A1
Автор: Edward DEPOULI
Принадлежит: Individual

Described herein are biofuel pyrolysis devices and methods of use thereof. The devices described herein include a reactor having a plurality of chambers wherein the chambers of the reactor can be arranged to have at least one aerobic chamber and anaerobic chamber. In certain aspects, the devices described herein can be used for distilling biomass and for potentially generating torrefied products, which include, but are not limited to, torrefied biomass. In certain aspects, the method describe herein include, but are not limited to, introducing biomass onto at least one tray of a plurality of trays in a first chamber of the reactor, heating the biomass in the first chamber with heated vapor from at least one vapor inlet, and transferring the biomass from an upper tray to at least one of the following: a lower tray, a biomass outlet, another chamber (i.e., at least a second chamber), or any combination thereof.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 8
31-10-2013 дата публикации

Pressure vessel skirt for accommodating thermal cycling

Номер: US20130284744A1
Автор: Mahmod Samman
Принадлежит: HOUSTON ENGR SOLUTIONS LLC

A pressure vessel includes: a body comprising a cylindrical section; and a skirt comprising a hip, a leg, and a restraint. The hip formed with or attached to the body and has a profile for receiving an upper portion of the leg. The profile is oversized relative to the leg upper portion, thereby defining a radial clearance between the hip and the leg to account for thermal cycling of the body. The restraint fastens the hip and the leg while allowing limited movement between the hip and the leg to account for the thermal cycling.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 9
12-12-2013 дата публикации

THERMAL REACTOR

Номер: US20130327630A1
Автор: Schulz Klaus-Peter
Принадлежит: PYRUM INNOVATIONS INTERNATIONAL S.A.

A thermal reactor for the continuous thermolytic recycling of granules of scrap tires, vulcanization residues and waste plastics, and of similar products features a feed portion, a central heating-zone portion and a discharge portion arranged vertically one below the other. An extraction pipe is located centrally in the central heating-zone portion of the thermal reactor, the lateral surface of the extraction pipe featuring numerous holes and/or slits for withdrawal of the vaporized short-chain hydrocarbon compounds being formed, and the extraction pipe having conical bells pushed onto it one above the other. A device withdraws the vaporized hydrocarbon compounds from the extraction pipe. Radially arranged heating plates are provided on the lateral surface of the reactor in its central heating-zone portion, the heating plates being arranged at the heating levels, which lie one above the other, such that the plates are mutually offset. 1. Thermal reactor for the continuous thermolytic recycling of granules of scrap tires , vulcanisation residues and waste plastics , and of similar products ,{'b': 1', '2', '3', '4, 'said thermal reactor () featuring a feed portion (), a central heating-zone portion () and a discharge portion () arranged vertically one below the other, wherein'}{'b': 11', '3', '1', '11', '5', '8', '11, 'an extraction pipe () is located centrally in the central heating-zone portion () of the thermal reactor (), the lateral surface of said extraction pipe featuring numerous holes and/or slits for withdrawal of the vaporized short-chain hydrocarbon compounds being formed, and the extraction pipe () having conical bells () that have been pushed onto it one above the other, and means () being provided for withdrawing the vaporized hydrocarbon compounds out of the extraction pipe (), and'}{'b': 14', '9', '3, "the reactor's lateral surface () features a multiplicity of radially arranged heating plates () in the central heating-zone portion (), said heating ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 10
26-12-2013 дата публикации

GASIFYING APPARATUS WITH VARIABLE GASIFIER AND USED AS BOTH POWER GENERATOR AND COMBUSTION BOILER, AND METHOD OF DRIVING THE SAME

Номер: US20130340339A1
Автор: KIM Jae Ho, KIM Yong Ku, Lee Jae Goo, YOON Sang Jun
Принадлежит: KOREA INSTITUTE OF ENERGY RESEARCH

A gasifying apparatus including a variable gasifier and used as both a power generator and a combustion boiler and a method of driving the same are disclosed. A combustion boiler and a generator engine, driven with synthesis gas, are associated with a single gasifier, and the gasifying apparatus produces synthesis gas proper to a technical field of the gasifier by selectively applying an upflow gasifier and a downflow gasifier according to the technical field of the gasifier. 1. A gasifying apparatus comprising:a variable gasifier varied such that fuel such as coal, biomass, RDF, and RPF is fed to perform upflow gasification or downflow gasification;a filtration device filtering synthesis gas produced by the variable gasifier;a feed controller controlling a feeding direction of the synthesis gas filtered by the filtration device; anda combustion boiler and a gas engine driven with the synthesis gas selectively fed by the feed controller.2. The gasifying apparatus as claimed in claim 1 ,wherein the gasifier comprises:an introduction chamber having a fuel feeder formed at a top through which fuel is introduced;a gasification chamber positioned under the introduction chamber and a rotary grate formed on the bottom thereof to accumulate the fuel such that gasification is performed and to discharge ash after combustion is completed through the lower side;an outer chamber enclosing the gasification chamber, separated from the introduction chamber by a partition, and having an ash discharging hole formed on the bottom;a first gasification agent injection hole inserted into the outer chamber to communicate with the gasification chamber and inject the gasification agent during the downflow gasification;a second gasification agent injection hole communicating the lower side of the outer chamber and injecting the gasification agent during the upflow gasification; anda passage opening/closing unit including three directional passages as discharging apertures through which the ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 11
13-02-2014 дата публикации

Method and system for improving spatial efficiency of a furnace system

Номер: US20140045133A1
Автор: Bruce T. Young, Ronald T. Myszka
Принадлежит: Foster Wheeler USA Corp

A furnace system includes at least one lower radiant section having a first firebox disposed therein and at least one upper radiant section disposed above the at least one lower radiant section. The at least one upper radiant section has a second firebox disposed therein. The furnace system further includes at least one convection section disposed above the at least one upper radiant section and an exhaust corridor defined by the first firebox, the second firebox, and the at least one convection section. Arrangement of the at least one upper radiant section above the at least one lower radiant section reduces an area required for construction of the furnace system.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 12
20-02-2014 дата публикации

Method and apparatus for volatile matter sharing in stamp-charged coke ovens

Номер: US20140048404A1
Автор: John F. Quanci, Vince G. Reiling
Принадлежит: SunCoke Technology and Development LLC

A volatile matter sharing system includes a first stamp-charged coke oven, a second stamp-charged coke oven, a tunnel fluidly connecting the first stamp-charged coke oven to the second stamp-charged coke oven, and a control valve positioned in the tunnel for controlling fluid flow between the first stamp-charged coke oven and the second stamp-charged coke oven.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 13
10-04-2014 дата публикации

Center feed system employing removable inserts in a retractable injection nozzle

Номер: US20140097268A1
Автор: Gary Larsen, Kenneth Krause, Ruben F. Lah
Принадлежит: Individual

The present invention extends to a center feed system that allows residual byproduct to be injected into a vessel from within the center of the vessel. The center feed system can include an inlet sleeve that is attached to the vessel and a retractable injection nozzle that extends into the vessel to inject residual byproduct into the vessel and that retracts into the inlet sleeve after injecting the residual byproduct. A retractable injection nozzle in accordance with one or more embodiments of the invention may include one or more openings that each includes an insert that can be removed from the opening. The inserts can therefore be replaced to customize the functionality of the nozzle or to replace the inserts when they have become worn.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 14
02-01-2020 дата публикации

PYROLYSIS OR GASIFICATION APPARATUS AND METHOD

Номер: US20200002620A1
Автор: Donegan Daniel Michael
Принадлежит:

A pyrolysis apparatus having a heating system adapted to heat a first gas enclosure, wherein a gas path within the heated enclosure is helical or spherical. Pyrolysis is used to destroy oils, tars and/or PAHs in a gaseous mixture. 1. A pyrolysis apparatus , comprising:a pyrolysis unit having a pyrolysis region and a gas exit passage;a first gas enclosure coupled to the gas exit passage such that a gaseous mixture can be directed from the pyrolysis unit to the gas enclosure, wherein the gas enclosure is a pipe having a spiral insert and wherein a gas path within the first gas enclosure is helical or spiral; anda heating system adapted to heat the first gas enclosure to a temperature sufficient for the gaseous mixture to undergo a pyrolysis process.2. A pyrolysis apparatus , comprising:a pyrolysis unit having a pyrolysis region and a gas exit passage;a first gas enclosure coupled to the gas exit passage such that a gaseous mixture can be directed from the pyrolysis unit to the gas enclosure, wherein the first gas enclosure includes a frustoconical shell having a gas input pipe connected thereto, the gas input pipe being inclined at a radius of the first gas enclosure, and wherein a gas path within the first gas enclosure is helical or spiral; anda heating system adapted to heat the first gas enclosure to a temperature sufficient for the gaseous mixture to undergo a pyrolysis process.3. The pyrolysis apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the first gas enclosure includes an extension portion having parallel claim 2 , or substantially parallel claim 2 , walls extending from a widest circumference of the frustoconical shell.4. The pyrolysis apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the frustoconical shell has a smaller diameter end positioned below a larger diameter end.5. The pyrolysis apparatus of wherein the heating system is adapted to heat the pyrolysis region.6. The pyrolysis apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first gas enclosure is located within the heating system.7. The pyrolysis ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 15
21-01-2016 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR TREATING WASTE FEEDSTOCK AND GASIFIER FOR SAME

Номер: US20160017235A1
Автор: DAVISON Ken, FORD Darrell
Принадлежит:

A process for treating a waste feedstock using a gasifier and the gasifier for same. Hot exhaust from an engine travels through a series of hollow heating plates stacked vertically within a gasifier reactor with spaces between each set of successive heating plates forming reaction zones. Each reaction zone is divided into an upper treatment area and a lower treatment area by a rotating disk. Waste material travels from an outer feed spot along the top surface of the rotating disk radially inwardly to a drop area located at the radially innermost portion where it drops to the top surface of the hollow heating plate below. The waste material is then conveyed radially outward to a chute to the next reaction zone or once fully processed to an exit from the reactor. Vapors from the waste material are drawn off each reaction zone through an outlet for further processing.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 16
18-01-2018 дата публикации

DELAYED COKER DRUM AND METHOD OF OPERATING THEREOF

Номер: US20180016503A1
Автор: Bhattacharyya Debasis, DAS Biswapriya, Das Satyen Kumar, Dixit Jagdev Kumar, PRADEEP Ponoly Ramachandran, Prasad Terapalli Hari Venkata Devi, RAJESH , RAMAKUMAR Sankara Sri Venkata, THAPA Gautam
Принадлежит:

The present subject matter describes a method and apparatus for operating a delayed coker. The method comprises contacting a vapour produced in a delayed coker-drum with a catalyst maintained in form of a bed, and maintaining a level of said catalyst-bed within pre-defined limits during catalytic-cracking of the vapour. Thereafter, the cracked-vapour is routed to a coker-fractionator column to trigger conversion into one or more hydrocarbon products. 1. A process comprising:{'b': 108', '5', '6', '22', '23', '37', '47', '48', '68', '69, 'contacting (step ) a vapour produced in a delayed coker-drum (, , , , , , , , ) with a catalyst maintained in form of a bed;'}{'b': 110', '8', '25', '26', '41', '71', '50', '51, 'maintaining (step ) a level of said catalyst-bed (, , , , , , ) within pre-defined limits during catalytic-cracking of the vapour; and'}{'b': 112', '12', '28', '53', '64, 'routing (step ) the cracked-vapour to a coker-fractionator column (, , , ) to trigger conversion into one or more hydrocarbon products.'}2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein prior to said contacting claim 1 , the method comprises:{'b': 102', '3', '20', '45', '66, 'heating (step ) a hydrocarbon-feed stream into a coker-furnace (, , , ) to a pre-determined temperature; and'}{'b': 104', '5', '6', '22', '23', '37', '47', '48', '68', '69, 'filling (step ) the heated stream into the coker-drum (, , , , , , , , ) for triggering vapour-production.'}3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein prior to said contacting claim 1 , the method comprises:{'b': 106', '8', '25', '26', '41', '71', '50', '51', '5', '6', '22', '23', '37', '47', '48', '68', '69, 'distributing (step ) said vapors across the catalyst-bed to facilitate a catalytic-cracking of said vapour through said catalyst-bed (, , , , , , ) located within the coker-drum (, , , , , , , , ) around the exit.'}41108252641715051. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said maintenance (step ) of catalyst-bed ( claim 1 , claim 1 , ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 17
25-01-2018 дата публикации

USE OF A REACTOR, METHODS, AND DEVICE FOR QUANTITATIVELY OBTAINING MOLECULAR HYDROGEN FROM SUBSTANCES

Номер: US20180021746A1
Автор: GEHRE Matthias, KUEMMEL Steffen, RENPENNING Julian
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to the use of a reactor, methods, and devices for the quantitative recovery of molecular hydrogen from solid, liquid, or gaseous substances which contain hydrogen and which have heteroatoms, as well as to reactors. In this case, the reactors have material containing chromium. The subject matter of the invention also includes the use of the reactor, the method, and the device for the compound-specific or component-specific measurement of the isotope ratio (δH) of hydrogen using online apparatuses. 1. The method according to wherein the zone with temperatures above 1100° C. is generated in the reactor to pyrolize the substances.2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the pyrolysis of the substances is carried out using a carrier gas.5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. The method according to claim 38 , characterized in that at least one section of a reactor inner wall is made of claim 38 , at least on its inner side claim 38 , material containing chromium claim 38 , and/or at least one section of a reactor inner wall has a coating containing chromium claim 38 , and/or a material containing chromium is embedded in at least one section of a reactor inner wall claim 38 , at least on its inner side.8. (canceled)9. (canceled)10. The method according to claim 38 , characterized in that the reactor's material containing chromium is made of chromium and other heat-stable materials which do not contain any hydrogen and/or do not react with molecular hydrogen above 1100° C.11. (canceled)12. (canceled)13. (canceled)14. The method according to claim 4 , characterized in that the reactor's material containing chromium ensures a flow of carrier gas of up to 10 mL/min.15. The method according to claim 4 , characterized in that the reactor's material containing chromium ensures a flow of carrier gas of up to 300 mL/min.16. The method according to claim 4 , characterized in that the reactor's material containing chromium ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 18
25-01-2018 дата публикации

DEVICE AND PROCESS FOR THE RECOVERY OF INCREASED VOLUMES OF PURE TERPENES AND TERPENOIDS FROM SCRAP POLYMERS AND ELASTOMERS

Номер: US20180023005A1
Автор: Beaver Earl R., WISTROM JONATHAN L.
Принадлежит:

A device and process for the vacuum pyrolization of scrap tires to produce a pyrolytic oil from which valuable terpenes such as limonene and pulegone may be extracted and purified. 1. A device for the pyrolysis of tires to form pyrolytic oils containing limonene and pulegone comprising;a nitrogen blanket bin for accepting shredded, washed, and dried automobile tires;at least one vacuum-lock valve;a helical screw which slowly turns to generate a mixture of shredded automobile tires and an additive/catalyst that can flow from the nitrogen blanket bin;at least one heater for heating the mixture from ambient temperature to about 450 degrees Celsius;a release valve for controlling the release of at least one of either a material and a vapor from the nitrogen blanket vacuum sealed furnace through a thin film evaporator and into a contactor/separator for recovery of at least one of either a type of terpene or a type of terpenoid from a mixture that has at least one of either the material or the vapor, wherein the contactor/separator can generate a pyrolytic vapor from the at least one of either the material or the vapor after a set of solids is removed from the mixture, and wherein the contactor/separator includes a chiller assembly for reducing the temperature of the pyrolytic vapor, a first heatable distillation column for reheating and cooling the mixture, a second heatable distillation column containing internal components that are at least one of either sieve trays or structured packing, wherein the second distillation column separates types of terpenes and the types of terpenoids that have been extracted from the mixture, wherein the mixture is passed through a small orifice disposed between the first distillation column and the second distillation column to thereby reduce the temperature of the mixture as it enters the second distillation column, wherein the terpenes and terpenoids are removed from the second distillation column through at least one tap mounted on ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 19
25-01-2018 дата публикации

FERROCOKE MANUFACTURING METHOD

Номер: US20180023166A1
Автор: Anyashiki Takashi, Fujimoto Hidekazu, SHIOZAWA Toru
Принадлежит: JFE STEEL CORPORATION

In a ferrocoke manufacturing method by shaping and carbonizing a mixture of coal and iron ore, a hardly softening coal having a button index (CSN) of not more than 2.0 is used as the coal. The coal can be a blend of hardly softening coal and easily softening coal, and the hardly softening coal can be a coal having a button index (CSN) of 1.0 and a volatile matter of not less than 17%, and the easily softening coal can be a coal satisfying that a value obtained by multiplying CSN of easily softening coal by a blending ratio of easily softening coal in all coals is a range of 0.3-5.2. The coal can also be a blend of hardly softening coal and easily softening coal, and the hardly softening coal can be a coal having a button index (CSN) of 1.5-2.0, and the easily softening coal can be a coal satisfying that a value obtained by multiplying CSN of easily softening coal by a blending ratio of easily softening coal in all coals is nit more than 5.0. 1. A ferrocoke manufacturing method by shaping and carbonizing a mixture of coal and iron ore , wherein a hardly softening coal having a button index (CSN) of not more than 2.0 is used as the coal.2. The ferrocoke manufacturing method according to claim 1 , wherein a hardly softening coal having a button index (CSN) of 1.5-2.0 is used as the coal.3. The ferrocoke manufacturing method according to claim 1 , wherein the coal is a blend of a hardly softening coal and an easily softening coal claim 1 , and the hardly softening coal has a button index (CSN) of 1.0 and a volatile matter of not less than 17% claim 1 , and the easily softening coal satisfies that a value obtained by multiplying CSN of the easily softening coal by a blending ratio thereof in all coals is a range of 0.3-5.2.4. The ferrocoke manufacturing method according to claim 3 , wherein the blending ratio of the easily softening coal in all coals is not more than 0.8.5. The ferrocoke manufacturing method according to claim 1 , wherein the coal is a blend of the ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 20
04-02-2016 дата публикации

System and Method for Converting Biomass Material into Energy Products

Номер: US20160032205A1
Автор: Mark Albert Sokalski, Stanley M. Siegel
Принадлежит: Arc Technologies Corp

A continuous biomass-to-energy system and method used for production of high-energy fuel, liquids and gases from municipal wastes and organic wastes, where the municipal wastes and organic wastes is processed through a controlled pyrolysis process and a controlled gas separation process to extract products gases from a distillation tower system of the system. The biomass-to-energy system also discharges byproducts that are removed to offsite facilities and a combustible gas stream that can be utilized to generate electricity. By controlling the temperature and pressure, the biomass-to-energy system is able to provide a fully contained process that reduces environmental emission and unnecessary byproducts while accelerating the anaerobic cycle.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 21
31-01-2019 дата публикации

GRIPPER ASSEMBLY FOR PORTABLE BIOCHAR KILN

Номер: US20190030725A1
Автор: Aupperle Donald P., Beierwaltes William T., Gaspard, II James G., II Perry, Olander Mikel, Pierce
Принадлежит:

A gripper assembly for a portable biochar kiln and system is disclosed. An example of a gripper includes an attachment for connecting to a loader, the attachment having a mating surface configured for engagement with the biochar kiln. The example gripper assembly also includes a substantially C-shaped claw having a first arm and a second arm. The example gripper assembly also includes a motor on the attachment. The motor operates to open and close the first and second arms in a pinch-and-release motion to grasp and release the biochar kiln. The motor further operates to rotate the first and second arms to tilt the biochar kiln for dumping operations. The motor further operates to raise and lower the first and second arms to raise and lower the biochar kiln relative to the ground for moving operations. 1. A gripper assembly for a portable biochar kiln , comprising:a standard attachment for connecting to a loader;a first arm having a curvature with an inner diameter that substantially matches an outer diameter of a biochar kiln;a second arm being a substantially mirror image of the first arm, wherein the first arm and the second arm are pivotally connected at the standard attachment such that the first and second arms can be opened and closed about the biochar kiln; anda motor on the standard attachment, the motor operating to open and close the first and second arms in a pinch-and-release motion to grasp and release the biochar kiln, the motor further operating to rotate the first and second arms to tilt the biochar kiln for dumping operations, the motor further operating to raise and lower the first and second arms to raise and lower the biochar kiln relative to the ground for moving operations.2. The gripper assembly of claim 1 , wherein the motor is operated from inside an operator cab of the loader.3. The gripper assembly of claim 1 , wherein the first and second arms each have a mating surface configured for engagement with a ridge on a body of the biochar kiln. ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 22
08-02-2018 дата публикации

PYROLYSIS OR GASIFICATION APPARATUS AND METHOD

Номер: US20180037822A1
Автор: Donegan Daniel Michael
Принадлежит:

A pyrolysis apparatus having a heating system adapted to heat a first gas enclosure, wherein a gas path within the heated enclosure is helical or spherical. Pyrolysis is used to destroy oils, tars and/or PAHs in a gaseous mixture. 1. A pyrolysis apparatus having a heating system adapted to heat a first gas enclosure , wherein a gas path within the heated first gas enclosure is helical or spiral.2. An apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first gas enclosure is a tube having a spiral insert.3. An apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first gas enclosure includes a frustoconical shell having a gas input pipe connected thereto claim 1 , the input pipe being inclined at a radius of the first gas enclosure.4. An apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the first gas enclosure includes an extension portion having parallel claim 3 , or substantially parallel claim 3 , walls extending from a widest circumference of the frustoconical shell.5. An apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the frustoconical shell has a smaller diameter end positioned below a larger diameter end.6. (canceled)7. An apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a pyrolysis unit having pyrolysis region and a gas exit passage claim 1 , wherein the first gas enclosure is coupled to the gas exit passage.8. An apparatus of wherein the heating system is adapted to heat the pyrolysis region.9. An apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first gas enclosure is located within the heating system.10. An apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a second gas enclosure claim 1 , wherein a gas path within the second gas enclosure is helical or spherical and a gas output of the first gas enclosure is connected to a gas input of the second gas enclosure.11. An apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the heating system comprises a thermally insulated chamber and one or more heat sources arranged to heat the inside of the thermally insulated chamber.12. An apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the heating system comprises a plurality of heating units claim 1 , ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 23
06-02-2020 дата публикации

DEVICE AND PROCESS FOR THE RECOVERY OF INCREASED VOLUMES OF PURE TERPENES AND TERPENOIDS FROM SCRAP POLYMERS AND ELASTOMERS

Номер: US20200040261A9
Автор: Beaver Earl R., WISTROM JONATHAN L.
Принадлежит:

A device and process for the vacuum pyrolization of scrap tires to produce a pyrolytic oil from which valuable terpenes such as limonene and pulegone may be extracted and purified. 1. A device for the pyrolysis of tires to form pyrolytic oils containing limonene and pulegone comprising;a nitrogen blanket bin for accepting shredded, washed, and dried automobile tires;at least one vacuum-lock valve;a helical screw which slowly turns to generate a mixture of shredded automobile tires and an additive/catalyst that can flow from the nitrogen blanket bin;at least one heater for heating the mixture from ambient temperature to about 450 degrees Celsius;a release valve for controlling the release of at least one of either a material and a vapor from the nitrogen blanket vacuum sealed furnace through a thin film evaporator and into a contactor/separator for recovery of at least one of either a type of terpene or a type of terpenoid from a mixture that has at least one of either the material or the vapor, wherein the contactor/separator can generate a pyrolytic vapor from the at least one of either the material or the vapor after a set of solids is removed from the mixture, and wherein the contactor/separator includes a chiller assembly for reducing the temperature of the pyrolytic vapor, a first heatable distillation column for reheating and cooling the mixture, a second heatable distillation column containing internal components that are at least one of either sieve trays or structured packing, wherein the second distillation column separates types of terpenes and the types of terpenoids that have been extracted from the mixture, wherein the mixture is passed through a small orifice disposed between the first distillation column and the second distillation column to thereby reduce the temperature of the mixture as it enters the second distillation column, wherein the terpenes and terpenoids are removed from the second distillation column through at least one tap mounted on ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 24
08-05-2014 дата публикации

Apparatus and process for continuous carbonisation of wood chips or wastes and other charring organic materials

Номер: US20140124353A1
Автор: Alexandre Vladimirovich DEEV
Принадлежит: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization CSIRO

The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for the production of charcoal from wood chips or other particulate organic waste material. The quality of charcoal produced is suitable for use in applications such as chemical reagents, fuels, and as absorbents. The reaction vessel defines a flow path extending from the input to the vessel, through to the output from the vessel, in which the thermal decomposition of the organic material progresses as the organic material passes through the reaction vessel. The vessel includes a reaction zone for autogenous reaction of organic material in a reaction bed of the organic material, and a cooling zone having at least one inlet for supplying cooling gas into the reaction bed and an outlet to extract heated gas from the reaction bed.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 25
03-03-2022 дата публикации

Organic matter degradation device and organic matter degradation method

Номер: US20220064534A1
Автор: Hui-Hsiung Lee
Принадлежит: Individual

An organic matter degradation device has a reaction chamber which sidewall includes at least one energy resonance/reflection/storage unit made of an infrared material. An excess heat energy of each degradation is reflected by the infrared material, and the excess heat energy and a heat energy radiated from the infrared material propagate to the non-degraded organic matter in the housing space of the reaction chamber, again, so as to continue the degradation of the organic matter. The organic matter degradation device has active heat radiation to present main advantages of uniform heat effect, low energy consumption and fast degradation time. The heat energy is accumulated after several times, and thus the degradation of the organic matter continues without using the initial heating device to continuously provide the subsequent heat energy. The present disclosure further provides an organic matter degradation method.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 26
25-02-2021 дата публикации

RENEWABLE ENERGY USE IN OIL SHALE RETORTING

Номер: US20210054290A1
Автор: OWEN Paul S., SCHNEIDER Otto John
Принадлежит:

A method of retorting oil shale is provided, comprising: continuously feeding oil shale into a retorting unit; heating the retorting unit using renewable electrical energy; converting the oil-shale kerogen into kerogen oil; conveying a cross-flow sweep gas across a moving bed of the oil shale, to carry the kerogen oil out of the retorting unit; recovering the kerogen oil; and recovering spent oil shale. The combination of electrical heating and cross-flow retorting achieves uniform heating to optimize the production of hydrocarbons. A system for retorting oil shale is also provided, comprising: a retorting unit; an inlet for continuously feeding oil shale; electrical-energy elements within the retorting unit; an inlet for conveying a cross-flow sweep gas through the retorting unit; and an outlet for the cross-flow sweep gas carrying the kerogen oil. The principles of the invention may be applied to ex situ systems, in situ systems, or hybrid systems. 1. A method of retorting oil shale containing kerogen , said method comprising:(a) continuously or semi-continuously feeding oil shale into a heated retorting unit;(b) heating said heated retorting unit, at least partially, using electrical energy;(c) in said heated retorting unit, converting said kerogen into one or more retorted streams comprising kerogen oil in the form of a vapor, mist, and/or liquid;(d) conveying a cross-flow sweep gas across a moving bed of said oil shale within said heated retorting unit, wherein said heated cross-flow sweep gas carries said kerogen oil out of said heated retorting unit;(e) recovering or further processing said kerogen oil; and(f) recovering or further processing spent, kerogen-depleted oil shale.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said method is ex situ oil-shale retorting.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said method is or includes in situ oil-shale retorting.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said electrical energy in step (b) is at least partially renewable electrical energy. ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 27
01-03-2018 дата публикации

Chain drag system for treatment of carbaneous waste feedstock and method for the use thereof

Номер: US20180056262A1
Автор: Brian Rayles, Landon C.G. Miller, Scott Behrens
Принадлежит: Aemerge LLC, Amerge LLC

A drag chain carbonizer is provided with a system and methods for anaerobic thermal conversion processing to convert waste into various solid carbonized products and varied further co-products. The drag-chain carbonizer includes an adjustable bed depth mechanism, a heating mechanism, a pressure management mechanism, an atmospheric management mechanism, and a chain tensioning mechanism containing at least one position sensor for communication of an actuator position to at least one programmable logic controller (PLC). Carbonaceous waste is transformed into useful co-products that can be re-introduced into the stream of commerce at various economically advantageous points. Depending upon the input materials and the parameters selected to process the waste, including real time economic and other market parameters, the system adjusts co-products output to reflect changing market conditions.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 28
10-03-2022 дата публикации

Mobile Kiln System

Номер: US20220074666A1
Автор: Chase Matthew J., Clay John, Gaspard, II James G.
Принадлежит:

An example mobile kiln system includes a mobile platform. A frame is mounted to the mobile platform. At least one kiln is rotatably mounted to the frame. The kiln is movable between a first operational position for loading a feed material into the at least one kiln, and a second operational position for unloading a biochar product from the at least one kiln following processing of the feed material. In an example, the mobile kiln system includes at least one stack assembly for the kiln. The stack assembly has a lid to cover the kiln to retain heat and a chimney to release emissions from the kiln during processing of the feed material. 1. A mobile kiln system , comprising:a mobile platform;a frame mounted to the mobile platform; andat least one kiln rotatably mounted to the frame, the at least one kiln movable between a first operational position for loading a feed material into the at least one kiln, and a second operational position for unloading a biochar product from the at least one kiln following processing of the feed material.2. The mobile kiln system of claim 1 , further comprising at least one stack assembly for the at least one kiln claim 1 , the at least one stack assembly having a lid to cover the kiln to retain heat and a chimney to release emissions from the kiln during processing of the feed material.3. The mobile kiln system of claim 2 , wherein the at least one stack assembly is positionable on the at least one kiln in an operating configuration and a transport configuration claim 2 , wherein the chimney moves about 180 degrees between the operating configuration and the transport configuration.4. The mobile kiln system of claim 1 , further comprising a dedicated stack assembly for each of a plurality of kilns mounted to the frame.5. The mobile kiln system of claim 1 , further comprising a single stack assembly provided on a guide track to move between a plurality of kilns mounted to the frame.6. The mobile kiln system of claim 5 , wherein the guide ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 29
02-03-2017 дата публикации

Bulge-resistant coke drum

Номер: US20170058201A1
Автор: Mahmod Samman
Принадлежит: HOUSTON ENGINEERING SOLUTIONS LLC

A bulge-resistant coke drum includes: a cylindrical section; a cap connected to an upper end of the cylindrical section; a bottom, and a knuckle connecting the bottom and the cylindrical section. The cylindrical section includes a plurality of arcuate segments attached together by vertical welds. Each arcuate segment includes a plurality of arcuate plates attached together by circumferential welds. The circumferential welds of each arcuate segment are offset from the circumferential welds of each adjacent arcuate segment.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 30
28-02-2019 дата публикации

APPARATUS, SYSTEM, AND METHOD FOR SHALE PYROLYSIS

Номер: US20190062637A1
Автор: Otterstrom Gary G.
Принадлежит:

Apparatuses, systems, and methods are disclosed for shale pyrolysis. A retort for shale pyrolysis may include a pyrolysis zone, a combustion zone, and a cool down zone. The pyrolysis zone may include one or more pyrolysis zone heat exchangers that transfer heat from a working fluid to shale for heating and pyrolyzing the shale. The combustion zone may include one or more injectors that inject oxygen to combust coke residue in the pyrolyzed shale. The cool down zone may include one or more cool down zone heat exchangers that cool the shale by transferring heat to the working fluid. In a further embodiment, the working fluid is circulated to heat the pyrolysis zone heat exchangers. 1. A system comprising: a pyrolysis zone, the pyrolysis zone comprising one or more pyrolysis zone heat exchangers that transfer heat from a working fluid to shale for heating and pyrolyzing the shale;', 'a combustion zone comprising one or more injectors that inject oxygen to combust coke residue in the pyrolyzed shale;', 'a cool down zone comprising one or more cool down zone heat exchangers that cool the shale by transferring heat to the working fluid, wherein the working fluid is circulated to heat the pyrolysis zone heat exchangers., 'a retort for shale pyrolysis, the retort comprising'}2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the pyrolysis zone is disposed above the combustion zone and the combustion zone is disposed above the cool down zone.3. The system of claim 2 , further comprising a shale loading interlock disposed above the pyrolysis zone claim 2 , and a shale removal interlock disposed below the cool down zone to produce a vertical flow of shale through the pyrolysis zone claim 2 , the combustion zone claim 2 , and the cool down zone.4. The system of claim 2 , wherein a dwell time for shale in the combustion zone is shorter than a dwell time for shale in the pyrolysis zone and a dwell time for shale in the cool down zone.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the pyrolysis zone heat ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 31
10-03-2016 дата публикации

VERTICAL PYROLYSIS REACTOR WITH PRECISE CONTROL

Номер: US20160068757A1
Автор: Cui Maopei, LV Huiyan, ZHU Linjun
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a vertical pyrolysis reactor, including a reactor shell, a feeding device, a biomass gas outlet on the top of the reactor, an ash discharging device on the bottom of the reactor, and a grate inside the reactor. The feeding device is located on the bottom of the reactor, and an outlet of the feeding device is located in a central region of the bottom in the reactor for uniform material distribution. A slag breaking device is mounted in the pyrolysis reactor, forming an organic combination with the rotating grate. The output is adjustable through the operating speed of the grate. Precise control of a pyrolysis reaction is realized by controlling the feeding speed, discharging speed, material bed thickness, inlet air volume, inlet air distribution, reaction temperature, etc. Biomass having a size up to around 10 cm can be processed effectively and continuously due to the position design of the feeding device in conjunction with the use of the slag breaking device. 11245627. A vertical pyrolysis reactor with precise control , including a reactor shell () , a feeding device () , a biomass gas outlet () on the top of the reactor , an ash discharging device () on the bottom of the reactor , and a grate () inside the reactor , wherein the feeding device () is located on the bottom of the reactor , and an outlet () of the feeding device is located in a central region of the bottom in the reactor.266226. The vertical pyrolysis reactor with precise control according to claim 1 , wherein the grate () is in the shape of a circular truncated cone claim 1 , of which a longitudinal section is an isosceles trapezoid claim 1 , the grate () is disposed outside the feeding device () claim 1 , and the feeding device () is embedded in the grate ().3818911216. The vertical pyrolysis reactor with precise control according to claim 1 , wherein slag breaking devices () are symmetrically mounted on an inner wall of the reactor shell () claim 1 , and the slag ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 32
15-03-2018 дата публикации

AIRFLOW CONTROL AND HEAT RECOVERY IN A MANAGED KILN

Номер: US20180072953A1
Автор: Aupperle Donald P., Beierwaltes Benjamin M., Beierwaltes William T., Gaspard, II James G., Olander Mikel S.
Принадлежит:

A controlled kiln and manufacturing system for biochar production includes control systems and subsystems. An example biochar kiln exhaust apparatus, includes a chimney configured for heating by pyrolysis and for exhausting smoke from the combustion chamber. The example biochar kiln exhaust apparatus also includes a plurality of exhaust inlet pipes configured to pass smoke from the combustion chamber to the chimney. 1. A heat recovery system , comprising:at least one biochar kiln having a combustion chamber;a chimney having proximal and distal ends and being configured to exhaust smoke from the combustion chamber between the proximal and distal ends;a secondary subsystem;a heat exchanger configured to recover heat from the chimney and provide the heat to the secondary subsystem;a controller configured to maintain an optimal mixture of smoke and air in the chimney.2. The heat recovery system of claim 1 , further comprising at least one catalytic converter operatively coupled with the chimney to incinerate exhaust and increase chimney temperature near the distal end.3. The heat recovery system of claim 1 , wherein the secondary subsystem is one or more of an oil sands production water heater claim 1 , a building heater or a water condenser.4. The heat recovery system of claim 1 , further comprising at least one sensor configured to provide information about operating conditions to the controller.5. The heat recovery system of claim 4 , wherein the at least one sensor is configured to sense at least one of: an exhaust temperature claim 4 , a catalytic converter temperature and a heat exchanger temperature.6. A heat recovery system claim 4 , comprising:at least one biochar kiln having a combustion chamber;a chimney having proximal and distal ends and being configured to exhaust smoke from a combustion chamber of a biochar kiln between the proximal and distal ends of the chimney; anda heat exchanger configured to recover heat from the chimney and provide the heat to a ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 33
15-03-2018 дата публикации

AIRFLOW CONTROL AND HEAT RECOVERY IN A MANAGED KILN

Номер: US20180072954A1
Автор: Aupperle Donald P., Beierwaltes Benjamin M., Beierwaltes William T., Gaspard, II James G., Olander Mikel S.
Принадлежит:

An example heat recovery apparatus includes a chimney configured to exhaust air and smoke from a biochar kiln combustion chamber. The example heat recovery apparatus also includes a heat exchanger configured to recover heat from the chimney and provide the heat to a secondary application. 1. A heat recovery apparatus , comprising:a chimney configured to exhaust air and smoke from a biochar kiln combustion chamber; anda heat exchanger configured to recover heat from the chimney and provide the heat to a secondary application.2. The heat recovery apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the heat exchanger is configured to exchange heat from one volume of air to another volume of air.3. The heat recovery apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the heat exchanger is configured to exchange heat from a volume of air to a volume of liquid.4. The heat recovery apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the heat exchanger is configured to exchange heat from a volume of air to a volume of steam.5. A heat recovery apparatus claim 1 , comprising:a chimney configured to exhaust air and smoke from a biochar kiln combustion chamber;a heat exchanger configured to recover heat from the chimney and provide the heat to a secondary application, the heat exchanger further configured to exchange heat from one volume of air to at least one other medium6. The heat recovery apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the at least one other medium is air.7. The heat recovery apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the at least one other medium is liquid.8. The heat recovery apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the at east one other medium is steam.9. A heat recovery apparatus claim 5 , comprising:a chimney configured to exhaust air and smoke from a biochar kiln combustion chamber;a heat exchanger configured to recover heat from the chimney and provide the heat to a secondary application, the heat exchanger further configured to exchange heat from one volume of air to at least one of air, liquid, and steam. This application is a divisional of U.S. ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 34
16-03-2017 дата публикации

ARRANGEMENT AND PROCESS FOR RECYCLING CARBON AND HYDROCARBON FROM ORGANIC MATERIAL THROUGH PYROLYSIS

Номер: US20170073582A1
Автор: ERSHAG Bengt-Sture, ERSHAG Olov
Принадлежит:

The present invention concerns an arrangement for the recycling of carbon and hydrocarbon compounds from organic input material through pyrolysis treatment, comprising: a reactor () comprising a chamber () that is limited by a jacket () and upper and lower end-wall sections (), in which chamber input material (M) in fragmented form is intended to be introduced, gas inlet means () for the supply of heated inert gas () to the input material, whereby the gas inlet means () is connected in a manner that transfers gas to a gas emission source () through inlet pipes () that are associated with inlet pipes, and gas outlets () for leading the gas out of the chamber, where the gas outlet means () comprises openings () through which gas flows intended to supply the gas () into the chamber (), whereby the openings () through which gas flows are arranged such that a fall in pressure dP is generated during the supply of gas that exceeds the fall in pressure dM of the gas during passage through the input material M that has been introduced into the chamber. The invention concerns also a method for the recycling of carbon and hydrocarbon compounds from organic input material through pyrolysis. 139-. (canceled)40. An arrangement for the recycling of carbon and hydrocarbon compounds from organic input material through pyrolysis , said arrangement comprising:{'b': 1', '110', '111', '112', '113, 'a reactor () comprising a chamber () that is limited by a jacket () and upper and lower end-wall sections (, ) in which chamber input material (M) in fragmented form is intended to be introduced;'}{'b': 120', '101', '120', '102', '104', '129', '187', '1', '187', '2, 'gas inlet means () for the supply of heated inert gas () to the input material, whereby the gas inlet means () is connected in a manner that transfers gas to a gas emission source () through inlet pipes (, , ., .) that are associated with the gas inlet means; and'}{'b': '160', 'gas outlets () for leading the gas out of the ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 35
26-03-2015 дата публикации

System and Method Using a Horizontal Sublimation Chamber for Production of Fuel From a Carbon-Containing Feedstock

Номер: US20150083571A1
Автор: Catto Michael L., Van Thorre Douglas M.
Принадлежит:

Systems and methods for producing product gas fuel and solid char fuel from a carbon-containing feedstock are described. Feedstock is introduced into and transported through at least one substantially horizontal sublimation reaction chamber. An initial and final sublimation temperature is maintained within less than ±10° C. in an atmosphere free from external oxygen and externally supplied catalyst. The system is configured to not have any product gas leak out of the reaction chamber or oxygen leak into a hot box configured to heat the reaction chamber. 1. A system for producing fuel from a solid carbon-containing feedstock , comprising:a hot box configured to be able to heat from an ambient temperature to an operating sublimation temperature, maintain an initial operating sublimation temperature and a final operating sublimation temperature that are stable within less than ±10° C., and cool from operating sublimation temperatures to an ambient temperature without leaking any oxygen into the hot box and having at least one heat source in communication with the interior of the hot box to supply heat as needed;at least one substantially horizontal reaction chamber largely located within the hot box, having a surface, configured to heat the solid carbon-containing feedstock without external catalyst or additional water to an operating sublimation temperature in a time frame that is short enough to sublime at least part of the solid carbon-containing feedstock without creating substantially any liquid, configured to heat from an ambient temperature to an operating sublimation temperature, operate at a sublimation temperature, and cool from a operating sublimation temperature to an ambient temperature without leaking any product gas fuel into the surrounding hot box, and comprising an input end outside the hot box and configured to receive compressed feedstock through an input line and an output end outside the hot box and configured to discharge product gas fuel gas ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 36
26-03-2015 дата публикации

Retort

Номер: US20150083574A1
Автор: Geoffrey Self, Robin Rawle
Принадлежит: CARBON COMPOST Co Ltd

A retort ( 10 ) for producing charcoal, and a method of use thereof, the retort ( 10 ) having an inner vessel ( 140 ), for receiving wood to be converted into charcoal, and an outer vessel ( 20 ) containing the inner vessel ( 140 ) and defining an intermediate region between the inner vessel ( 140 ) and the outer vessel ( 20 ). The intermediate region including a burning region configured for burning fuel to heat the inner vessel ( 140 ); a flue ( 60 ) from the inner vessel ( 140 ) to a region outside the outer vessel ( 20 ), for conveying gas from the inner vessel ( 140 ) to the atmosphere; a feed pipe ( 210 ) from the inner vessel ( 140 ) to the intermediate region, for conveying gas from the inner vessel ( 140 ) to the intermediate region, wherein the entire length of the feed pipe ( 210 ) is located within the outer vessel ( 20 ).

Подробнее
Номер записи: 37
24-03-2016 дата публикации

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR IMPROVING SPATIAL EFFICIENCY OF A FURNACE SYSTEM

Номер: US20160083656A1
Автор: Myszka Ronald T., Young Bruce T.
Принадлежит: Foster Wheeler USA Corporation

A furnace system includes at least one lower radiant section having a first firebox disposed therein and at least one upper radiant section disposed above the at least one lower radiant section. The at least one upper radiant section has a second firebox disposed therein. The furnace system further includes at least one convection section disposed above the at least one upper radiant section and an exhaust corridor defined by the first firebox, the second firebox, and the at least one convection section. Arrangement of the at least one upper radiant section above the at least one lower radiant section reduces an area required for construction of the furnace system. 1. A furnace system comprising:at least one lower radiant section comprising a first firebox disposed therein;at least one upper radiant section disposed above the at least one lower radiant section, the at least one upper radiant section comprising a second firebox disposed therein, the at least one upper radiant section and the at least one lower radiant section being controlled independently from each other;at least one convection section disposed above the at least one upper radiant section;an exhaust corridor defined by the first firebox, the second firebox, and the at least one convection section; andwherein arrangement of the at least one upper radiant section above the at least one lower radiant section reduces an area required for construction of the furnace system.2. The furnace system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one convection section is offset from the at least one upper radiant section and the at least one lower radiant section.3. The furnace system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one convection section comprises a convection inlet and a convection outlet.4. The furnace system of claim 3 , wherein the convection inlet receives a residual oil feed.5. The furnace system of claim 3 , wherein the at least one lower radiant section comprises a first radiant inlet and a first radiant outlet ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 38
12-03-2020 дата публикации

LID ASSEMBLY FOR PORTABLE BIOCHAR KILN

Номер: US20200078956A1
Автор: Beierwaltes William T., Gaspard, II James G., II Perry, Olander Mikel, Pierce
Принадлежит:

A lid assembly for a portable biochar kiln and system is disclosed. An example of a lid assembly includes a cylindrical sidewall, a rim around the cylindrical sidewall, and a top portion having an opening formed therein. A removable stack is configured to fit over the opening formed in the top portion to direct exhaust from the portable biochar kiln. A gasket cover is interchangeable with the removable stack to fit over the opening formed in the top portion to form a substantially airtight seal over the opening formed in the top portion when a burn is complete in the portable biochar kiln to self-extinguish embers in the portable biochar kiln. 1. A lid assembly for a portable biochar kiln , comprising:a cylindrical sidewall;a rim around the cylindrical sidewall, the rim having an outer diameter larger than an outer diameter of the cylindrical sidewall;a top portion having an opening formed therein;a removable stack configured to fit over the opening formed in the top portion to direct exhaust from the portable biochar kiln; anda gasket cover interchangeable with the removable stack to fit over the opening formed in the top portion.2. The lid assembly of claim 1 , wherein the stack is removed from the top portion and the gasket cover is positioned to seal the opening formed therein when a burn is complete in the portable biochar kiln.3. The lid assembly of claim 2 , wherein the gasket cover forms a substantially airtight seal over the opening formed in the top portion.4. The lid assembly of claim 2 , wherein embers in the portable biochar kiln self-extinguish after positioning the gasket cover. The lid assembly of claim 2 , further comprising a handle portion of the gasket cover.655. The lid assembly of claim claim 2 , wherein the handle portion of the gasket cover is manually positioned on the opening formed in the top portion. The lid assembly of claim claim 2 , wherein the handle portion of the gasket cover is positioned by machinery on the opening formed in the ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 39
12-05-2022 дата публикации

Carbonization/oil recovery treatment furnace

Номер: US20220145185A1
Автор: Tomoaki Ito
Принадлежит: Individual

There is provided a carbonization/oil recovery processing furnace which can be manufactured at a relatively low cost and has less deterioration due to corrosion in association with operation, and can also be maintained and managed at low cost. The carbonization/oil recovery processing furnace is constituted so as to process discarded materials including plastic waste by carbonization and oil recovery with the use of superheated steam which is supplied from the outside, and the carbonization/oil recovery processing furnace is constituted of iron-made external structures and stainless steel-made internal structures which can be separated from the external structures.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 40
16-04-2015 дата публикации

METHODS FOR GASIFICATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS

Номер: US20150104862A1
Автор: Ko Ching-Whan, Sutradhar Bhagya Chandra
Принадлежит: INEOS USA LLC

The present disclosure is generally directed to process of gasification of carbonaceous materials to produce synthesis gas or syngas. The present disclosure provides improved methods of gasification comprising: adding one or more carbonaceous materials, adding a molecular oxygen-containing gas, adding carbon dioxide gas and optionally adding water into said gasifier. This disclosure is also directed to process of production of one or more alcohols from said syngas via fermentation or digestion in the presence of at least one microorganism. 1. A non-catalytic gasifier comprising gasification of carbonaceous materials to produce a product gas comprising carbon monoxide , hydrogen , and tar; comprising: adding one or more carbonaceous materials , adding a molecular oxygen-containing gas , adding carbon dioxide gas and optionally adding water into said gasifier; wherein amount of total oxygen added to said gasifier in pounds per pound of total carbon added to said gasifier comprises greater than about 2.0 and less than about 3.0; wherein the gasifier produces ash comprising ash-carbon and wherein said ash comprises less than about 10% of ash-carbon; wherein said product gas is treated at a temperature of about 1750° F. to about 3500° F. in the presence of molecular oxygen to produce a raw syngas comprising carbon monoxide , hydrogen , and syngas-carbon; wherein said raw-syngas comprises less than about 0.5 pound syngas-carbon per 1000 SCF raw-syngas produced.2. (canceled)3. The gasifier of wherein one or more said carbonaceous materials comprises selection from carbonaceous material claim 1 , carbonaceous liquid product claim 1 , industrial carbonaceous liquid recycle claim 1 , carbonaceous municipal solid waste (MSW) claim 1 , carbonaceous urban waste claim 1 , carbonaceous agricultural material claim 1 , carbonaceous forestry material claim 1 , carbonaceous wood waste claim 1 , carbonaceous construction material claim 1 , carbonaceous vegetative material claim 1 , ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 41
14-04-2016 дата публикации

Gasification or liquefaction of coal using a metal reactant alloy composition

Номер: US20160102374A1
Автор: Ian C. Bishop, Ronald G. Presswood, Jr.
Принадлежит: Ian C. Bishop, Ronald G. Presswood, Jr.

This invention relates to a method and apparatus for gasifying or liquifying coal. In particular, the method comprises reacting a coal with a molten aluminum or aluminum alloy bath. The apparatus includes a reaction vessel for carrying out the reaction, as well as other equipment necessary for capturing and removing the reaction products. Further, the process can be used to cogenerate electricity using the excess heat generated by the process.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 42
04-04-2019 дата публикации

Industrial process using a forced-exhaust metal furnace and mechanisms developed for simultaneously producing coal, fuel gas, pyroligneous extract and tar

Номер: US20190100698A1
Автор: Adriana DE OLIVEIRA VILELA, José URBANO ALVES, Ricardo Antônio Vicintin, Thalis PACCELI DA SILVA E SOUZA
Принадлежит: Bocaiuva Mecanica Ltda

This patent of invention is related to a process and a furnace developed for production of charcoal with recovery of gases, tar and pyroligneous extract. The unity system is composed by a metallic furnace, a loading platform, a carbonization platform and unloading platform. For continuous generation of gases, the process operates with multiple carbonization platforms and one or more furnaces for carbonization platform. The furnace is provided with air inputs in strategic side points and mechanism for relieving pressure. The carbonization system is composed by an exhauster, special pipes for conducting the gases, and devices for the recovery of condensable. The gases generated in the process are directed to a burner, a gasifier or directly in a boiler to generate thermal and/or electrical energy. The technology presents, exclusively, a gravimetric yield in fuel gas superior to 60% and a productivity on charcoal above 800 kg/h, so that each operating cycle of the furnace takes less than 5 hours. The coal is discharged hot, after carbonization and loaded on wooden billets immediately after unloading. The process combines technical, economic, operational, and environmentally viable solutions.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 43
04-04-2019 дата публикации

INDUSTRIAL PROCESS USING A FORCED-EXHAUST METAL FURNACE AND MECHANISMS DEVELOPED FOR SIMULTANEOUSLY PRODUCING COAL, FUEL GAS, PYROLIGNEOUS EXTRACT AND TAR

Номер: US20190100699A1
Автор: DE OLIVEIRA VILELA Adriana, PACCELI DA SILVA E SOUZA Thalis, URBANO ALVES José, VICINTIN Ricardo Antônio
Принадлежит: BOCAIUVA MECANICA LTDA.

This patent of invention is related to a process and a furnace developed for production of charcoal with recovery of gases, tar and pyroligneous extract. The unity system is composed by a metallic furnace, a loading platform, a carbonization platform and unloading platform. For continuous generation of gases, the process operates with multiple carbonization platforms and one or more furnaces for carbonization platform. The furnace is provided with air inputs in strategic side points and mechanism for relieving pressure. The carbonization system is composed by an exhauster, special pipes for conducting the gases, and devices for the recovery of condensable. The gases generated in the process are directed to a burner, a gasifier or directly in a boiler to generate thermal and/or electrical energy. The technology presents, exclusively, a gravimetric yield in fuel gas superior to 60% and a productivity on charcoal above 800 kg/h, so that each operating cycle of the furnace takes less than 5 hours. The coal is discharged hot, after carbonization and loaded on wooden billets immediately after unloading. The process combines technical, economic, operational, and environmentally viable solutions. 1. Industrial process using metallic furnace with forced exhaust and mechanisms developed for concomitant production of coal , fuel gas , pyroligneous extract and tar , characterized by having a carbonization system comprising a movable support base , which comprises a metal ring guides for furnace positioning , truncated cone and weighing system and mechanisms for locking the furnace on the ring; condensable recovery equipment , which comprises an expansion box with independent outlets for the gases and condensable , filter and storage tank; safety device for pressure relief , which comprises a hinged door and chimney; exhauster and gases and vapors conducting ducts.2. Industrial process using metallic furnace with forced exhaust and mechanisms developed for concomitant production ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 44
04-04-2019 дата публикации

INDUSTRIAL PROCESS USING A FORCED-EXHAUST METAL FURNACE AND MECHANISMS DEVELOPED FOR SIMULTANEOUSLY PRODUCING COAL, FUEL GAS, PYROLIGNEOUS EXTRACT AND TAR

Номер: US20190100700A1
Автор: DE OLIVEIRA VILELA Adriana, PACCELI DA SILVA E SOUZA Thalis, URBANO ALVES José, VICINTIN Ricardo Antônio
Принадлежит: BOCAIUVA MECANICA LTDA.

This patent of invention is related to a process and a furnace developed for production of charcoal with recovery of gases, tar and pyroligneous extract. The unity system is composed by a metallic furnace, a loading platform, a carbonization platform and unloading platform. For continuous generation of gases, the process operates with multiple carbonization platforms and one or more furnaces for carbonization platform. The furnace is provided with air inputs in strategic side points and mechanism for relieving pressure. The carbonization system is composed by an exhauster, special pipes for conducting the gases, and devices for the recovery of condensable. The gases generated in the process are directed to a burner, a gasifier or directly in a boiler to generate thermal and/or electrical energy. The technology presents, exclusively, a gravimetric yield in fuel gas superior to 60% and a productivity on charcoal above 800 kg/h, so that each operating cycle of the furnace takes less than 5 hours. The coal is discharged hot, after carbonization and loaded on wooden billets immediately after unloading. The process combines technical, economic, operational, and environmentally viable solutions. 1. Industrial process using metallic furnace with forced exhaust and mechanisms developed for concomitant production of coal , fuel gas , pyroligneous extract and tar , characterized by a charcoal production process consisting of loading the biomass from the upper part of the furnace , cover and seal the top cover , with the aid of specific devices for attaching the cover to the furnace , and then moving the furnace for the movable support base , locking the furnace thereon , wherein the process of carbonization is started by ignition and exhaust and the heating of the furnace is conducted so as to obtain in all its volume a temperature above 350° C. and weight close to stipulated coal yield.2. Industrial process using metallic furnace with forced exhaust and mechanisms developed ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 45
27-04-2017 дата публикации

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR IMPROVING SPATIAL EFFICIENCY OF A FURNACE SYSTEM

Номер: US20170114278A1
Автор: Myszka Ronald T., Young Bruce T.
Принадлежит: Foster Wheeler USA Corporation

A furnace system includes at least one lower radiant section having a first firebox disposed therein and at least one upper radiant section disposed above the at least one lower radiant section. The at least one upper radiant section has a second firebox disposed therein. The furnace system further includes at least one convection section disposed above the at least one upper radiant section and an exhaust corridor defined by the first firebox, the second firebox, and the at least one convection section. Arrangement of the at least one upper radiant section above the at least one lower radiant section reduces an area required for construction of the furnace system. 1. A furnace system comprising:at least one lower radiant section comprising a first firebox disposed therein;at least one upper radiant section disposed above the at least one lower radiant section, the at least one upper radiant section comprising a second firebox disposed therein, the at least one upper radiant section and the at least one lower radiant section being controlled independently from each other;at least one convection section disposed above the at least one upper radiant section;an exhaust corridor defined by the first firebox, the second firebox, and the at least one convection section; andwherein arrangement of the at least one upper radiant section above the at least one lower radiant section reduces an area required for construction of the furnace system.2. The furnace system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one convection section is offset from the at least one upper radiant section and the at least one lower radiant section.3. The furnace system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one convection section comprises a convection inlet and a convection outlet.4. The furnace system of claim 3 , wherein the convection inlet receives a residual oil feed.5. The furnace system of claim 3 , wherein the at least one lower radiant section comprises a first radiant inlet and a first radiant outlet ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 46
14-05-2015 дата публикации

SURFACE VERTICAL RETORT AND PROCESS TO OBTAIN OIL AND GAS FROM PYRO-BITUMINOUS OIL SHALE AND/ OR MATERIALS CONTAINING ORGANIC CARBON COMPOUNDS

Номер: US20150129465A1
Автор: Filho Jorge Hardt, Gobbo João Carlos, Susin Célio Paulo, Winck João Carlos
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a surface vertical shaft retort (), heated by an external source, which includes (i) a multifunctional central pipe (), (ii) a top sealing device (), (iii) a load distribution system (), (iv) a retorting vessel () with an annular shaped bed () furnished with a set of load pipes (), spaced among themselves, to form a collecting chamber to gather gas and mist (), a hot gas injector (), a cold recycle collector () and distributor (), and a bed control and unloading mechanism (), (v) a plenun chamber (), (vi) a device for heat recovery of the spent shale () containing a piping network ()for recirculation and spraying of the retorting water and accumulation hoppers () and (vii) a device for dry bottom sealing (). In addition, this patent application comprises a process to obtain oil and gas from pyro-bituminous oil shale and/or materials which contain organic compounds using the referred surface vertical retort heated by an external source () through the following steps (a) load supply, (b) sealing of the load supply, (c) load distribution, (d) gathering and removal of gases and mist, (e) heating and drying of the load, (f) reinjection of gas stream from the cold recycle gas from stage (i), (g) load pyrolysis, (h) injection of the gas stream from the hot gas recycle, (i) removal of the cold gas recycle stream, (j) heat recovery of the spent shale, (k) discharge of the bed with annular shaped, (l) cold gas recycle injection (m) mixture of the cold recycle stream with water vapor stream, (n) collection in the accumulation hoppers of discharged spent shale, (o) spraying of the recycled retorting water, (p) vapor generation by the contact of the recycled retorting water with the retorted material deposited in the accumulation hoppers and (q) dry discharge of the spent shale, and bottom sealing. 144-. (canceled)45. Above ground vertical shaft retort , with heating by an external source , comprising:(i) a multifunctional central pipe;(ii) a top sealing ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 47
28-05-2015 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PROCESSING COMBUSTIBLE PRODUCTS, REACTOR FOR IMPLEMENTING SAME (VARIANTS) AND APPARATUS COMPRISING SAID REACTOR

Номер: US20150144476A1
Автор: "Eruslanov Aleksej Vasilevich", "Rassokhin Igor Vasilevich", ANIGURKIN Maksim Viktorovich, GOPONENKO Evgenij Trofimovich, Panfilov Vyacheslav Aleksandrovich, Vazhnenkov Aleksey Alekseevich
Принадлежит:

The inventions are related to industrial processing of combustible carbon- and hydrocarbon products. A method of processing combustible carbon- and hydrocarbon products is implemented using a reactor equipped with temperature sensors. The reactors comprise the phases of heating the charge (), pyrolysis of combustible components and coking (), combustion (), and formation of a solid residue (). At the phases of heating the charge () and coking and pyrolysis (), an aerosol (i.e. dust particles and condensed liquid droplets carried away from the combustion zone () sorption zone () is formed by flushing the upper part of the charge by liquid hydrocarbonaceous products through the dispenser () and/or by adding to the batch the solid hydrocarbonaceous products having a softening point above 60° C. and the end boiling point above 300° C. The plant includes a reactor (either of the two aforementioned models), the discharge assembly for discharging of solid and non-combustible by-products (), the gas-vapor mixture discharge unit (), a cyclone separator for coarse filtering (cleaning unit for purification and removing the solid and liquid carbonaceous particles) (), liquid products condensation unit (), Florence flasks for condensates (), and liquid hydrocarbon waste tank sump (). Between the cyclone-type cleaning unit for purification and removing the solid and liquid carbonaceous particles () and the liquid products condensation unit (), there is an additional gas-vapor mixture purification unit (), consisting of a centrifugal separator for fine purification () and one selective-type cyclone (). The liquid hydrocarbon waste tank sump () is equipped with a feed dispenser for their charging to the dispenser () located at the upper lid of the reactor (). The invention allows to improve the quality of purification of the gas-vapor mixture from solid and liquid-drop impurities up to 95%, increase the process productivity and simplify the required hardware design. The invention ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 48
08-09-2022 дата публикации

Gasification or Liquefaction of Coal Using a Metal Reactant Alloy Composition

Номер: US20220282345A1
Автор: Bishop Ian C., JR. Ronald G., Presswood
Принадлежит: Elemental Recycling, Inc.

This invention relates to a method and apparatus for gasifying or liquifying coal. In particular, the method comprises reacting a coal with a molten aluminum or aluminum alloy bath. The apparatus includes a reaction vessel for carrying out the reaction, as well as other equipment necessary for capturing and removing the reaction products. Further, the process can be used to cogenerate electricity using the excess heat generated by the process. 1. A reaction vessel for reacting coal particles with molten metal , the reaction vessel comprising:a reaction vessel wall;a refractory material lining an inside of the reaction vessel wall;a cooling plate attached to an outside of the reaction vessel wall, wherein the cooling plate forms a channel for a cooling fluid between the cooling plate and the reaction vessel wall;an aluminum feed line passing through to the reaction vessel wall;a coal injection line passing through the reaction vessel wall and having an outlet in the reaction vessel;a first collection line and a second collection line each passing through the reaction vessel wall at a lower portion of the reaction vessel; anda heat exchanger feed line passing through an upper portion of the reaction vessel wall.2. The reaction vessel of wherein the outlet of the coal injection line is positioned to introduce coal into the reaction vessel below an upper surface of the molten metal thereby mixing the coal into the molten metal such that the coal reacts with the molten metal to produce a liquefied product.3. The reaction vessel of wherein the liquefied product separates from the molten metal by settling to a bottom of the reaction vessel.4. The reaction vessel of wherein the first and section collection lines remove a liquefied product from the reaction vessel claim 1 , wherein a first component of a lighter density is removed using the first collection line claim 1 , and a second component of a heavier density is removed using the second collection line. This ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 49
01-06-2017 дата публикации

SELF-SUSTAINING PYROLYSIS SYSTEM FOR ENERGY PRODUCTION

Номер: US20170152444A1
Автор: Tucker Jerry, Tucker Nathan Robert
Принадлежит:

A pyrolysis apparatus reduces feedstock to gaseous energy sources and recyclable solids by moving feedstock through a processing unit via a feedstock transport mechanism that has sections that move the feedstock at respectively different rates through a retort within the processing unit. The feedstock transport mechanism may be an auger with a variable fighting pitch along its shaft. The pyrolysis apparatus may be modular in that processing units may be added and subtracted as necessary for any given installation. A restriction device squeezes ambient air out of the feedstock prior to entry into the pyrolysis apparatus retort. 1. A pyrolysis apparatus for reducing feedstock to gaseous energy sources and recyclable solids , comprising:a housing configured to receive a plurality of modular processing units configured to operate in parallel;a modular first processing unit, said first processing unit comprising a first feedstock inlet, a first gas output outlet, a first solids output outlet, and a first feedstock transport mechanism extending through said first processing unit, said first feedstock transport mechanism comprising a first multi-pitch auger for moving feedstock at different rates through said first processing unit; anda modular second processing unit removably connected to said first processing unit via the housing, said second processing unit comprising a second feedstock inlet, a second gas output outlet, a second solids output outlet, and a second feedstock transport mechanism extending through said second processing unit, said second feedstock transport mechanism comprising a second multi-pitch auger for moving feedstock at different rates through said second processing unit;wherein said first processing unit and second processing unit are configured to operate in parallel.2. The pyrolysis apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:said first processing unit comprises a retort surrounding said first feedstock transport mechanism; andsaid first multi-pitch auger ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 50
08-06-2017 дата публикации

METHOD AND HARDWARE FOR SUPPLYING ADDITIVES TO THE DELAYED COKER DRUM

Номер: US20170158963A1
Автор: Bhattacharyya Debasis, DEVI PRASAD Terapalli Hari Venkata, Kumar Brijesh, Rajagopal Santanam, RAMACHANDRAN Pradeep Ponoly, Thakur Ram Mohan, THAPA Gautam
Принадлежит: INDIAN OIL CORPORATION LIMITED

An apparatus for supplying additives into a coker drum includes an inlet for supplying a hydrocarbon feed stream into the coker drum and conduits along the circumference of walls of the coker drum. Each conduit has an injection nozzle to supply additives inside the coker drum. An injection control system controls the operation of the injection nozzles such that 1) one or more of the injection nozzles placed within a first distance above a vapour liquid interphase of the hydrocarbon feed stream are configured to supply the additives; and 2) supply of the additive discontinues from a particular injection nozzle when a distance between the injection nozzle and the vapour liquid interphase is less than or equal to a second distance. The apparatus optionally includes a mechanical drive system moving at least one of the conduits based on the level of the vapour liquid interphase in the coker drum. 1. An apparatus for supplying additive (s) into a coker drum , the apparatus comprising:a. an inlet adapted to supply a hydrocarbon feed stream;b. a plurality of conduits arranged inside the coke drum, the plurality of conduits being arranged along a vertical height of the coker drum, each of the plurality of the conduits being provided with an injection nozzle for supplying additives inside the coker drum and i. supplying the additive through one or more of the injection nozzles placed within a first predetermined distance in a first direction along a vapour liquid interphase of the hydrocarbon feed stream; and', 'ii. discontinuing supply of the additive from a particular injection nozzle when a distance in a first direction between the injection nozzle and the vapour liquid interphase is less than or equal to a second predetermined distance., 'c. an injection control system adapted for2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the injection control system is further adapted to introduce steam into the coker drum via injection nozzles located at a distance greater than ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 51
04-09-2014 дата публикации

Pretreatment of biomass using steam explosion methods before gasification

Номер: US20140249237A1
Автор: Francis Michael FERRARO, Jerrod Wayne HOHMAN, Robert S. Ampulski
Принадлежит: Sundrop Fuels Inc

An integrated plant that includes a steam explosion process unit and biomass gasifier to generate syngas from biomass is discussed. A steam explosion process unit applies a combination of heat, pressure, and moisture to the biomass to make the biomass into a moist fine particle form. The steam explosion process unit applies steam with a high pressure to heat and pressurize any gases and fluids present inside the biomass to internally blow apart the bulk structure of the biomass via a rapid depressurization of the biomass with the increased moisture content. Those produced moist fine particles of biomass are subsequently fed to a feed section of the biomass gasifier, which reacts the biomass particles in a rapid biomass gasification reaction to produce syngas components.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 52
30-05-2019 дата публикации

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR IMPROVING SPATIAL EFFICIENCY OF A FURNACE SYSTEM

Номер: US20190161681A1
Автор: Myszka Ronald T., Young Bruce T.
Принадлежит: AMEC FOSTER WHEELER USA CORPORATION

A furnace system includes at least one lower radiant section having a first firebox disposed therein and at least one upper radiant section disposed above the at least one lower radiant section. The at least one upper radiant section has a second firebox disposed therein. The furnace system further includes at least one convection section disposed above the at least one upper radiant section and an exhaust corridor defined by the first firebox, the second firebox, and the at least one convection section. Arrangement of the at least one upper radiant section above the at least one lower radiant section reduces an area required for construction of the furnace system. 1. A furnace system comprising:at least one lower radiant section comprising a first firebox disposed therein;at least one upper radiant section disposed above the at least one lower radiant section, the at least one upper radiant section comprising a second firebox disposed therein, the at least one upper radiant section and the at least one lower radiant section being controlled independently from each other;at least one convection section disposed above the at least one upper radiant section; andan exhaust corridor defined by the first firebox, the second firebox, and the at least one convection section.2. The furnace system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one convection section is offset from the at least one upper radiant section and the at least one lower radiant section.3. The furnace system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one convection section comprises a convection inlet and a convection outlet.4. The furnace system of claim 3 , wherein the convection inlet receives a residual oil feed.5. The furnace system of claim 3 , wherein the at least one lower radiant section comprises a first radiant inlet and a first radiant outlet.6. The furnace system of claim 5 , wherein the at least one upper radiant section comprises a second radiant inlet and a second radiant outlet.7. The furnace system of ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 53
25-06-2015 дата публикации

PYROLYZER FURNACE APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR OPERATION THEREOF

Номер: US20150175888A1
Автор: WOLFE Richard A.
Принадлежит:

A char making apparatus comprises a longitudinal pyrolyzer furnace housing wherein coal-bearing material may be heated to a temperature to fluidize volatile materials therein and plasticize coal in the coal-bearing material. At least two rotatable drive screws are laterally positioned and interleaved within the longitudinal furnace housing and capable of conveying coal-bearing materials through the pyrolyzer furnace housing, each drive screw having a hollow drive shaft and a diverter positioned within the drive shaft to provide heating to the coal-bearing material. A heating jacket about the longitudinal furnace housing provides additional heating to the coal-bearing material. Multiple combustion chambers adjacent the heating jacket and hollow drive shaft burn fluidized volatile materials and exhaust combustion fluids through the jacket and shaft. 1. A method for making briquettes comprising the steps of:a. assembling a longitudinal pyrolyzer furnace housing having at least two rotatable drive screws laterally positioned and interleaved within a longitudinal furnace housing and a heating jacket about the longitudinal furnace housing to provide heat flux from combustion fluid moving through the heating jacket to adjacent coal-bearing materials;b. moving coal-bearing materials through the pyrolyzer furnace by rotation of the drive screws and heating to fluidize volatile material in the coal bearing material and plasticize the coal in the coal bearing material to form processed char;c. mixing the processed char with a binding agent and a binder coal of a fluidity at least 2,000 ddpm to form a blend of less than 15% binding agent, 25 to 70% processed char and 20 to 70 % binder coal; andd. briquetting the blend to form a briquetted blend that can be carbonized to form metallurgical coke.2. The method for making briquettes as claimed in wherein briquetting said blend forms a briquetted blend that when carbonized has a CSR at least 50% and a CRI less than 30%.3. The method ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 54
25-06-2015 дата публикации

PYROLYZER FURNACE APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR OPERATION THEREOF

Номер: US20150175889A1
Автор: WOLFE Richard A.
Принадлежит:

A char making apparatus comprises a longitudinal pyrolyzer furnace housing wherein coal-bearing material may be heated to a temperature to fluidize volatile materials therein and plasticize coal in the coal-bearing material. At least two rotatable drive screws are laterally positioned and interleaved within the longitudinal furnace housing and capable of conveying coal-bearing materials through the pyrolyzer furnace housing, each drive screw having a hollow drive shaft and a diverter positioned within the drive shaft to provide heating to the coal-bearing material. A heating jacket about the longitudinal furnace housing provides additional heating to the coal-bearing material. Multiple combustion chambers adjacent the heating jacket and hollow drive shaft burn fluidized volatile materials and exhaust combustion fluids through the jacket and shaft. 1. A method for making char comprising the steps of:a. assembling a longitudinal pyrolyzer furnace housing having at least two rotatable drive screws laterally positioned and interleaved within the longitudinal furnace housing, and capable of conveying coal-bearing materials containing volatile material through the pyrolyzer furnace housing, each drive screw having a hollow drive shaft and a diverter longitudinally positioned within the drive shaft, the diverter forming with an inner surface of each drive shaft an inner passageway capable of directing heat flux to adjacent coal-bearing materials moving through the pyrolyzer furnace to fluidize the volatile material therein and plasticize coal in the coal-bearing material;b. assembling a heating jacket about the longitudinal furnace housing along at least a portion thereof in fluid communication with combustion fluid from multiple combustion chambers to provide heat flux from combustion fluid moving through the heating jacket to adjacent coal-bearing materials moving through the pyrolyzer furnace to fluidize the volatile material in the coal bearing material and plasticize ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 55
18-09-2014 дата публикации

PYROLYSIS APPARATUS AND METHOD

Номер: US20140262728A1
Автор: Karanikas Terry
Принадлежит:

Disclosed herein is a pyrolysis machine that includes a reactor tube configured to conduct pyrolysis on plastic feedstock, wherein the reactor tube is made of a steel material. The pyrolysis machine includes a plurality of ceramic band heaters located in the reactor tube configured to heat the steel material of the reactor tube. The pyrolysis machine includes a plurality of resistance coils located in the ceramic heaters configured to heat the ceramic heaters. Further, the pyrolysis machine includes a temperature sensor located in the reactor tube and a controller configured to regulate the temperature of the ceramic band heaters. 1. A pyrolysis machine comprising:a reactor tube configured to conduct pyrolysis on plastic feedstock, wherein the reactor tube is made of a steel material;a plurality of ceramic band heaters located in the reactor tube configured to heat the steel material of the reactor tube;a plurality of resistance coils located in the ceramic heaters configured to heat the ceramic heaters;a temperature sensor located in the reactor tube; anda controller configured to regulate the temperature of the ceramic band heaters.2. The pyrolysis machine of claim 1 , wherein the reactor tube includes a plurality of zones disposed along a length of the reactor tube claim 1 , and wherein the controller is configured to independently regulate the temperature of each zone in the reactor tube.3. The pyrolysis machine of claim 1 , wherein the pyrolysis machine is mountable on a flat bed trailer for transportation.4. The pyrolysis machine of claim 1 , wherein the reactor tube includes an auger that is configured to move the feedstock claim 1 , wherein the auger is in communication with the controller claim 1 , and wherein the controller is configured to regulate the speed of the auger.5. The pyrolysis machine of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to turn off each individual ceramic band heater of the plurality of ceramic band heaters when the temperature of ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 56
19-07-2018 дата публикации

INSULATED COKE DRUM, INSULATION SYSTEM THEREFORE, AND METHOD OF INSTALLING SAME

Номер: US20180201839A1
Автор: MCBRIDE JONATHAN
Принадлежит: INSULTHERM, INC.

An insulated pressure vessel, such as a coke drum, having an insulation system installed thereon. The insulation system includes an insulation support system comprising either a floating ring type support system, or a cage type support system including a plurality of vertically spaced insulation support rings each having a diameter greater than the external diameter of the coke drum. A plurality of insulation panels are secured to the support rings, each panel including insulation material and an exterior metal jacket. The panels are secured to horizontally adjacent insulation panels with standing seams. Weather shields may be provided over the top of the seams. Tensioned insulation securing cables, corresponding in number to the insulation support rings, are routed through horizontally aligned eyelets in each standing seam. 1. An insulated coke drum comprising (or consisting essentially of , or consisting of):(a) a coke drum having an external diameter, an exterior surface, and a longitudinal axis; i) an insulation support system comprising a series of spaced apart weldments (preferably vertical, rectangular CS plates, or “clips”) welded to the coke drum exterior surface in spaced apart horizontal rows, and a plurality of vertically spaced insulation support rings supported by but not attached to the weldments, each support ring having a diameter greater than the external diameter of the coke drum;', 'ii) a plurality of insulation panels secured to the support rings, each insulation panel comprising insulation material and an exterior metal jacket, each insulation panel positioned between horizontally adjacent insulation panels with single-folded standing seams; and', 'iii) a plurality of tensioned insulation securing cables corresponding in number to the plurality of support rings, the cables routed through horizontally aligned eyelets in each single-folded standing seam., '(b) an insulation system installed on the coke drum exterior surface, the insulation system ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 57
13-08-2015 дата публикации

RETORT AND CORRESPONDING OVEN WITH DUCTWORK

Номер: US20150225651A1
Автор: Baaijens Louwerens, Siemons Roland
Принадлежит:

Summary: Method and system for processing a substance in a retort () wherein the retort comprises at least one flow deflector internal to the retort. A substance () is loaded into the retort (), the retort () is positioned or located in an oven (), a first () and second () duct are attacked to the retort, a heat carrier fluidum is passed through the substance () in the retort () for drying and/or heating the substance inside the retort, an indirect heat is transfer is applied over the wall () of the retort () and process progress is controlled by means of a controlled indirect heat transfer and/or a flow provided into the retort inlet comprising a heat carrier fluidum. 181915. A retorting system configured for a batch-wise processing of a substance () , comprising a retort () , an oven () , ductwork and a control system () , wherein:{'b': 1', '9, 'a) the retorting system is configured for accommodating the retort () in the oven ();'}{'b': 10', '11, 'b) the ductwork comprises a first () and a second duct ();'}{'b': 1', '6', '6', '1, 'c) the retort () comprises at least one retort outlet () for extracting a product fluidum during the processing, and an opening for loading the retort with the substance prior to the processing and for discharging the processed substance after the processing; the retort outlet () being provided at a downwards facing part of the retort ()'}{'b': 10', '11, 'd) the retort is coupled to the first () and the second duct () of the ductwork'}{'b': 4', '10', '4', '1', '11, 'e) the retort comprises at least one flow deflector (), internal to the retort, for controlling a direction of a heat carrier fluidum from the first duct () via the at least one flow deflector () through the retort () to the second duct (); whereby the heat carrier fluidum flows from a top of the retort downwards towards the retort outlet,'} [{'b': 10', '1', '4', '11', '8', '1, 'a flow of heat carrier fluidum through the first duct (), the retort () via the at least one flow ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 58
03-08-2017 дата публикации

Waste Incinerator

Номер: US20170218274A1
Автор: Shizheng YU, Xiuying YU
Принадлежит: Individual

A waste incinerator, in a vertical structure and including from the top down: a drying section, a destructive distillation section, a reduction section, and a combustion section. The combustion section includes: two layers of grate bars, a first combustion layer, a second combustion layer, and a third combustion layer. The heat produced from the combustion in the combustion section is used to heat the carbide in the reduction section. The heated carbide reduces CO 2 produced in the combustion into CO (coal gas). The coal gas ascends to the destructive distillation section through the ambient coal gas chamber to heat and destructively distillate the waste to produce the pyrogenic coal gas and the carbide. The carbide drops to the combustion section for combustion, and the pyrogenic coal gas and the coal gas are collected by the draft fan.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 59
23-10-2014 дата публикации

RETORT/FURNACE FOR PROCESSING LARGE SCRAP TIRES

Номер: US20140311886A1
Автор: Andrade Paul, Sramek Roger Anton
Принадлежит:

Disclosed is a batch pyrolysis reactor for the recovery of pyrolysis products by batch processing waste material. The reactor includes a heating chamber, a removable retort for insertion into and withdrawal from the heating chamber, and a control unit for cycling the temperature of waste material in the pyrolysis chamber. The retort includes a pyrolysis chamber having an opening for receiving and extracting solids. 1. A furnace vessel that provides a heat source to a retort vessel.21. A retort vessel that contains scrap tires that is inserted into claim No. .312. A lid that seals the retort and furnace vessels stated in claims No. and .412. A heat source included in claim No. that provides the heat needed to conduct the pyrolysis process used in claim No. .52. Spacers to lift the bottom located tire in the retort and separate any additional tires placed on top or on the sides placed in claim No. .62241. Nitrogen injection system applied to claim No. to evacuate all oxygen contained within claim No. prior to the application of the heat source in claim No. as contained within claim No. .723. A circulation fan contained within claim No. and mounted within the lid of claim No. .827. Multiple individual turning vanes to guide internal circulation within claim No. and supporting circulation generated by claim no. .9. The ability to insert smaller tires within the void spaces of the larger tires while still operating in the same manner.10. The ability to use the retort vessel without the very large tires and utilize with numerous bales of smaller tires while still operating in the same manner.11. A batch pyrolysis reactor for the recovery of pyrolysis products by batch processing waste material comprising ,a heating chamber having a chamber opening, having a removable lid for obtaining access to the chamber opening, having heating ports for receiving combusted gases for heating the heating chamber and having an exhaust for exhausting combusted gases, a pyrolysis chamber ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 60
27-08-2015 дата публикации

REACTOR VESSEL, SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR REMOVIING AND RECOVERING VOLATILIZING CONTAMINANTS FROM CONTAMINATED MATERIALS

Номер: US20150240164A1
Автор: Bianchina Leonard Benjamin, Tunnicliffe Ian Nigel
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a reactor, a system and a method for treating and recovery of liquid and/or solid waste materials and by-products from industrial manufacturing and production operations, such as volatilizing organic compounds, by converting these materials into valuable materials which could be recycled and re-used, while at the same time minimizing any residue for final disposal to landfill or incineration. The invention includes an insulated, magnetic, electrically conductive reactor vessel [] for receiving and treating a contaminated load, the reactor being characterised therein that it is operated under pyrolysis conditions and is heated by radio frequency induction of eddy currents into the reactor vessel [ 1. An insulated , magnetic , electrically conductive reactor vessel for use in removing and recovering volatilizing contaminants from contaminated materials , while simultaneously minimising residue for final disposal to landfill or incineration , the reactor vessel being characterised therein that it is operated under pyrolysis conditions and is heated by radio frequency induction of eddy currents into the reactor vessel , the reactor vessel comprising—a reactor base;a cylindrical reactor wall extending upright from the base;a removable lid dimensioned to rest on the cylindrical reactor wall for sealing the reactor vessel; the reactor base, cylindrical reactor wall and removable lid together defining a reactor volume for holding a contaminated material load;a transmitter in the form of a first heating element arranged approximate a circumference of the reactor vessel and magnetically coupled to the reactor vessel; andat least one exhaust for permitting egress of gasses and steam from the reactor vessel.2. The reactor vessel according to in which the reactor base claim 1 , cylindrical reactor wall and removable lid is covered by heat-insulating material.3. The reactor vessel according to in which the reactor vessel is a ferromagnetic or ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 61
27-08-2015 дата публикации

Coal pyrolyzing and carbonizing device of coal pyrolyzing furnace

Номер: US20150240165A1
Автор: WANG XINMIN
Принадлежит:

A coal pyrolyzing and carbonizing device of a coal pyrolyzing furnace is arranged in a center of a body of the coal pyrolyzing furnace and includes: a carbonizing room, an external gas heating device, an internal burning heating device and a flame path bow, wherein the carbonizing room is in a loop chamber above the flame path bow, the loop camber is formed by an internal loop wall and an external loop wall made of fire-resistant and heat-conductive materials; the external gas heating device is around an external circle of the external loop wall of the carbonizing room, wherein the external gas heating device comprises at least one equal set of a first gas heater, a second gas heater and a gas reversing device; the internal burning heating device is inside the internal loop wall of the carbonizing room. 1. A coal pyrolyzing and carbonizing device of a coal pyrolyzing furnace , arranged in a center of a body of said coal pyrolyzing furnace , comprising: a carbonizing room , an external gas heating device , an internal burning heating device and a flame path bow , wherein said carbonizing room is in a loop chamber above said flame path bow , said loop camber is formed by an internal loop wall and an external loop wall made of fire-resistant and heat-conductive materials; said external gas heating device is around an external circle of said external loop wall of said carbonizing room , wherein said external gas heating device comprises at least one equal set of a first gas heater , a second gas heater and a gas reversing device; said internal burning heating device is inside said internal loop wall of said carbonizing room , wherein said internal burning heating device comprises at least one equal set of a third gas heater , a fourth gas heater and a coke quenching exhaust heater.2. The coal pyrolyzing and carbonizing device claim 1 , as recited in claim 1 , wherein said first gas heater of said external gas heating device comprises a first combustor claim 1 , a first ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 62
30-10-2014 дата публикации

Coke Gasification on Catalytically Active Surfaces

Номер: US20140323783A1
Автор: Davis S. Mark, Iaccino Larry Lee, Keusenkothen Paul F., Searle Ronald G.
Принадлежит:

A method and system for converting hydrocarbons into C unsaturates is described. The method includes providing a structural member upstream of a reaction zone having a surface of a catalytic material, wherein the catalytic material is rendered catalytically active to promote the reaction of coke and/or coke precursors with hydrogen (H) and/or an oxidant. Then, the method involves exposing a hydrocarbon stream to the catalytic material, wherein the hydrocarbon stream comprising coke and/or coke precursors react in the presence of the catalytic material to convert at least a portion of the coke and/or coke precursors to vapor products. Finally, the hydrocarbons in the hydrocarbon stream containing vapor products and hydrocarbons are converted in the reaction zone to produce a reactor product having C unsaturates. 1. A method of converting hydrocarbons into C unsaturates comprising:{'sub': '2', 'providing at least one regenerative reverse flow reactor, the regenerative reverse flow reactor having a reactor zone and at least one structural member upstream of the reaction zone; at least a portion of the inner surface of such member comprising a catalytic material that promotes the reaction of coke and/or coke precursors with hydrogen (H) and/or an oxidant to form vapor products;'}exposing a hydrocarbon stream that contains coke and/or coke precursors to the catalytic material in the presence of hydrogen and/or an oxidant and reacting at least a portion of the coke and/or coke precursors to form vapor products; and{'sub': '2+', 'converting at least a portion of the hydrocarbon stream containing the hydrocarbons and the vapor products in the reaction zone to produce a reactor product having C unsaturates.'}2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising exposing at least a portion of the reactor product that contains coke and/or coke precursors to at least one structural member downstream of the reaction zone claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the surface of such ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 63
16-08-2018 дата публикации

METHODS OF THERMAL PROCESSING

Номер: US20180231312A1
Автор: Angelico Bruno Salvatore, Chung Simon, Moricca Salvatore, STEPHENS ERIC, Stewart Martin William Alexander
Принадлежит: GeoRoc International, Inc.

There is disclosed a vertical vibratory thermal treatment system, comprising a heating section for thermally treating material, a retort section that is located within or connected to the heating section and includes at least one elevator system for vertically moving the material to the heating section. The disclosed elevator system is isolated from other parts of the thermal treatment section by an enclosure thereby allowing for flexibility and simplicity in the design of the retort section. There is also disclosed a method of treating materials, including hazardous or radioactive materials, such as a powder, sand, granule, gravel, agglomerate or other form of particle or combinations thereof, using the system described herein. 1. A vertical vibratory thermal treatment system , comprising:a heating section for thermally treating particulate containing material;a retort section that is connected to or located within the heating section and includes at least one elevator system for vertically moving the material to the heating section; andat least one vibratory motor that transmits the material located in the retort section to the heating section.2. The vertical vibratory thermal treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the retort section is located within an insulated furnace shell.3. The vertical vibratory thermal treatment system of claim 1 , further comprising at least one inlet located at the bottom of the retort for introducing material to be processed and at least one outlet located at the top of the retort for removing the material that was processed from the retort section.4. The vertical vibratory thermal treatment system of claim 3 , further comprising at least one diverter valve located at the outlet.5. The vertical vibratory thermal treatment system of claim 4 , wherein the at least one diverter valve assists in the recirculation of materials within the retort.6. The vertical vibratory thermal treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the material to be ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 64
17-08-2017 дата публикации

IMPROVEMENTS RELATING TO PYROLYSIS REACTOR SYSTEMS

Номер: US20170233657A1
Автор: McNamara David, Murray Michael
Принадлежит: CYNAR PLASTICS RECYCLING LIMITED

A pyrolysis reactor system includes a reactor and a contactor mounted above the reactor. The reactor has a shell, an inlet and an outlet. A central shaft runs along its axis and supports agitation blades in a counter-helical arrangement, and an auger. Rotation of the auger in one direction feeds feedstock into the vessel, and in the opposite direction removes char at the end of a batch. The contactor includes four elements with a frusto-conical part supported on vertical support arms, and being connected to a disc by legs. The contactor elements allow short chains to pass through apertures while long chains condense on their surfaces or on the vessel wall surface. There is dynamic tuning of carbon number of gases flowing downstream by active temperature and pressure control at the contactor. 1. A pyrolysis reactor system comprising a reactor and a contactor mounted above the reactor , wherein the contactor comprises at least one contactor element mounted within a vessel having a wall with an internal surface and being arranged for flow of long-chain gas components back into the reactor ,wherein the contactor elements include at least one perforated element which is sloped upwardly and radially towards the vessel wall, wherein:the vessel has a jacket surrounding the contactor element or elements, andsaid jacket has a lower inlet and an upper outlet and a pump for pumping a heat exchange fluid into and around the jacket,at least one perforated contactor element has a frusto-conical shaped component, with its apex facing downwards towards the reactor, in which an upper edge is adjacent said internal surface and there is a baffle plate mounted below the apex, andthe reactor system further comprises a temperature controller configured to pump coolant into the jacket inlet at a temperature chosen according to desired carbon chain length condensation within the contactor, and a pressure controller configured to control pressure in the contactor according to said desired ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 65
17-08-2017 дата публикации

METHOD FOR THE HYDROTHERMAL CARBONISATION OF A BIOMASS AND ASSOCIATED DEVICE

Номер: US20170233659A1
Автор: BOURDAIS Jean-Louis, Pardo Pierre Emmanuel
Принадлежит:

Disclosed is a method for heating a biomass moving along an industrial treatment line including an inlet () for the incoming biomass, a heating unit (), and a treatment station (). A fraction of the biomass heated by the heating unit () is returned along a return branch (R) to a mixing station () upstream of the heating unit () so as to form, together with the incoming biomass, a mixture having a temperature above the temperature of the incoming biomass, the heated biomass fraction being removed at an outlet () of the treatment station (). 11445442445155555bbb. A process for heating a biomass moving along an industrial treatment line comprising an inlet () for the incoming biomass , a heating means ( , ) and a treatment station () , a fraction of the biomass heated by the heating means ( , ) being returned along a return branch (R) to a mixing station () upstream of the heating means ( , ) so as to form there , with the incoming biomass , a mixture having a temperature above the temperature of the incoming biomass , the heated biomass fraction being removed at an outlet () of the treatment station () , wherein heat is recovered from the biomass downstream of the treatment station () and wherein this recovered heat is transferred to the biomass upstream of the treatment station () by means of a means of heat exchange between the biomass leaving the treatment station () and the biomass circulating in the line upstream of the treatment station ().2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the biomass is a purification sludge and the treatment is a hydrothermal carbonization.3445b. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the heating means ( claim 1 , ) is controlled using a control means (C) so that the temperature of the biomass reaches a parameterized temperature before it reaches the treatment station () claim 1 , the parameterized temperature being between 165° C. and 205° C.4244b. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the biomass is pressurized ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 66
23-08-2018 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND CORRESPONDING METHOD TO PRODUCE BIOMASS CHARCOAL

Номер: US20180237697A1
Автор: CAREGNATO Davide, DELLA TOFFOLA Daniele, FERRATO Carlo, PERESSOTTI Alessandro
Принадлежит:

Apparatus to produce biomass charcoal () which can be inserted in a container whose section orthogonal to an axis (S) is subject to the specific application; the apparatus comprises an external casing (′), associated internally with at least a tubular body (′) located coaxial to create at least one interspace (′) for the passage of primary air (A) in which at least a support plane () is housed able to support the biomass () and able to allow a flow of primary air (A) to feed the biomass (), the tubular body (′) has a pipe () for the passage of secondary air (A) provided with a hole () in correspondence with its lower end and has exit means (′) of the secondary air (A) disposed in correspondence with an upper end coordinated with a plate (′). 11201212141416161341001100141455215222222424. Apparatus to produce biomass charcoal () which can be inserted in a container whose section orthogonal to an axis (S) is subject to the specific application , characterized in that it comprises an external casing ( , ′) , associated internally with at least a tubular body ( , ′) located coaxial to create at least an interspace ( , ′) for the passage of primary air (A) in which at least a support plane () is housed able to support the biomass () and able to allow a flow of primary air (A) to feed the biomass () , said tubular body ( , ′) having a pipe () for the passage of secondary air (A) provided with a hole () in correspondence with its lower end and having exit means ( , ′) of the secondary air (A) disposed in correspondence with an upper end coordinated with a plate ( , ′).214181616. Apparatus as in claim 1 , characterized in that said tubular element () comprises peripheral holes () on its base and communicating with said interspace ( claim 1 , ′).3142020. Apparatus as in or claim 1 , characterized in that said tubular body () is configured to coaxially house inside it a sliding body () claim 1 , said sliding body () having at least two axial positions.4201414. Apparatus as in ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 67
13-11-2014 дата публикации

GASIFICATION SYSTEM WITH PROCESSED FEEDSTOCK/CHAR CONVERSION AND GAS REFORMULATION

Номер: US20140332724A1
Автор: Bacon Marc, Tsangaris Andreas
Принадлежит: PLASCO ENERGY GROUP INC.

The invention provides a system designed for the complete conversion of carbonaceous feedstock into syngas and slag. The system comprises a primary chamber for the volatilization of feedstock generating a primary chamber gas (an offgas); a secondary chamber for the further conversion of processed feedstock to a secondary chamber gas (a syngas) and a residue; a gas-reformulating zone for processing gas generated within one or more of the chambers; and a melting chamber for vitrifying residue. The primary chamber comprises direct or indirect feedstock additive capabilities in order to adjust the carbon content of the feedstock. 1. A multi-chamber system for converting carbonaceous feedstock to syngas and slag , comprising:one or more primary chambers for conversion of carbonaceous feedstock to a processed feedstock/char and a primary chamber gas, wherein each primary chamber comprises a feedstock inlet, a first air input means, an optional process additive input, a primary chamber gas outlet, and a processed feedstock/char outlet;one or more secondary chambers for conversion of processed feedstock/char to a residue and a secondary chamber gas, wherein each secondary chamber comprises a processed feedstock/char inlet for receiving processed feedstock/char from at least one of said primary chambers, a second air input means, an optional process additive input, a secondary chamber gas outlet, and a residue outlet;one or more gas reformulating chambers each comprising a gas reformulating zone, in fluid communication with at least one of said primary chamber and secondary chamber gas outlets for conversion of said primary chamber gas and/or said secondary chamber gas received therefrom to a processed syngas, comprising an optional process additive input, a syngas outlet, and one or more sources of reformulating heat;one or more melting chambers for converting the residue from said secondary chambers to slag, wherein each said melting chamber comprises a residue inlet in ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 68
10-09-2015 дата публикации

METHODS, SYSTEMS, AND DEVICES FOR LIQUID HYDROCARBON FUEL PRODUCTION, HYDROCARBON CHEMICAL PRODUCTION, AND AEROSOL CAPTURE

Номер: US20150252275A1
Автор: Hensley Daniel L., Smith Lee S., Weaver Daniel C., Weaver Samuel C., Weaver Samuel P.
Принадлежит:

Methods, systems, and devices for liquid hydrocarbon fuel production, hydrocarbon chemical production, and aerosol capture are provided. For example, a carbon-oxygen-hydrogen (C—O—H) compound may be heated to a temperature of at least 800 degrees Celsius such that the C—O—H compound reacts through a non-oxidation reaction to generate at least a hydrocarbon compound that may be at least a component of a liquid hydrocarbon fuel or a hydrocarbon chemical. The liquid hydrocarbon fuel may be a liquid when at a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius. The C—O—H compound may include biomass. In some cases, the hydrocarbon compound produced through the non-oxidation reaction includes a hydrocarbon aerosol form as the hydrocarbon compound at least as it is produced or cools. Some embodiments include aerosol capture methods, systems, and devices, which may include passing a hydrocarbon aerosol form through a material in a liquid phase in order to gather the aerosol material. 1. A system for direct production of liquid hydrocarbon fuel or hydrocarbon chemical comprising:a non-oxidation reaction chamber configured to heat a carbon-oxygen-hydrogen (C—O—H) compound to a temperature of at least 800 degrees Celsius such that the C—O—H compound reacts through a non-oxidation reaction to produce at least a hydrocarbon compound that is at least a component of the liquid hydrocarbon fuel or the hydrocarbon chemical.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the non-oxidation reaction comprises a pyrolysis reaction.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the liquid hydrocarbon fuel is a liquid when at a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius.4. The system of claims 1 , wherein the non-oxidation reaction chamber comprises a tube furnace.5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the tube furnace includes a material composition that includes at least a high-nickel metal alloy.6. The system of claim 4 , further comprising an auger configured to effect continuous motion of material containing the C—O—H compound into and ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 69
30-08-2018 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR THERMALLY DEMANUFACTURING TIRES AND OTHER WASTE PRODUCTS

Номер: US20180244889A1
Автор: Machon Wayne, Williams Jason
Принадлежит:

An apparatus and process for thermally de-manufacturing tires and other materials. The apparatus is a retort chamber with various zones in which tires are combusted to provide energy for the thermal depolymerization reaction, depolymerization takes place, and products leave the retort chamber. In one embodiment, the process reacts water with iron present in steel-belted tires to produce hydrogen, which helps to break sulfur-sulfur bonds in vulcanized materials. The water also helps control the temperature of the reaction, which allows for control over the types and relative amounts of the various depolymerization products. 1. A retort chamber comprising:a) a top,b) a bottom,c) a heater at or near the bottom of the retort chamber capable of heating the bottom to a temperature between about 900 and 1300° C.,d) two or more inlet ports located at or near the bottom of the retort chamber,e) one or more outlet ports located at or near the top of the retort chamber,f) temperature monitors at or near the top and bottom of the retort chamber,g) a temperature monitor located at a position between about 30 and about 70% of the distance between the top and the bottom of the retort chamber, andh) a vacuum line or aspirator located in the upper third of the retort chamber.2. The retort chamber of claim 1 , wherein the heater is a burner placed on a carriage claim 1 , which carriage is adapted to allow the burner to move along the bottom of the retort chamber.3. The retort chamber of claim 1 , wherein the bottom of the retort chamber comprises a plurality of registers claim 1 , which registers are spaced so as to provide substantially equal pressure along the entire bottom of the retort claim 1 , wherein substantially equal means that the pressure along the bottom of the retort chamber does not vary by more than 20%.4. The retort chamber of claim 1 , wherein one or more of the inlet ports is adapted to receive a supply of water to be introduced into the retort chamber.5. The ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 70
07-09-2017 дата публикации

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR UTILIZING SELECTIVELY DE-COUPLEABLE CONNECTIONS FOR MODULAR INSTALLATION OF A COKE DRUM

Номер: US20170253802A1
Автор: Meyer William
Принадлежит: Foster Wheeler USA Corporation

In one aspect, the present invention relates to a coke drum module, the coke drum module includes a support frame. A coke drum is disposed within the support frame. A strut is removably connected to the support frame and the coke drum. The strut becomes unloaded responsive to the coke drum contacting a support pad. The coke drum module further includes a compression member removably connected to the support frame and the coke drum. The compression member is oriented generally perpendicularly to the strut. A rigid connection is present between the coke drum and the support frame during transportation of the coke drum module. Upon removal of the strut and the compression member, the rigid connection is not present. 120-. (canceled)21. A coke drum module comprising:a support frame;a coke drum disposed within the support frame;a selectively de-coupleable connection that is selectively transitioned from a coupled state to a de-coupled state;wherein, in the coupled state, the selectively de-coupleable connection supports a weight of the coke drum during transport; andwherein, in the de-coupled state, thermal expansion of the coke drum without damage to the support frame is facilitated.22. The coke drum module of claim 21 , wherein the selectively de-coupleable connection comprises a strut oriented generally parallel to a length of the coke drum.23. The coke drum module of claim 21 , wherein the selectively de-coupleable connection is subjected to tension stress when the coke drum is oriented in a vertical direction.24. The coke drum module of claim 21 , wherein the selectively de-coupleable connection comprises a compression member.25. The coke drum module of claim 24 , wherein the compression member supports a weight of the coke drum when the coke drum is oriented in a horizontal direction.26. The coke drum module of claim 25 , wherein the compression member facilitates transport of the coke drum module.27. The coke drum module of claim 21 , wherein the selectively de- ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 71
24-09-2015 дата публикации

INTERNAL LINING FOR DELAYED COKER DRUM

Номер: US20150267122A1
Автор: Antram Robert Lee, FOWLER CHRISTOPHER JOHN, Hinson Christopher S., Peterson John Roger, SINCLAIR David Scott, SUSONG Adam Garrett
Принадлежит: EXXONMOBIL RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING COMPANY

A delayed coking unit has a thermal shock-resistant, erosion-resistant internal lining to reduce thermally-induced mechanical stresses in the pressure boundary of the coke drum. The lining is effective to reduce or mitigate the transient thermal stress that occurs in the pressure boundary of the coke drum and to reduce or minimize the high thermal stress resulting from temperature differentials at the skirt-to-shell junction. 1. A delayed coking drum consisting of a top ellipsoidal or hemispherical head , a bottom conical head with an outlet for coke product , and a vertical cylindrical section , with a vapor outlet at the top and a feed inlet at/near the bottom , with a shock-resistant and erosion-resistant internal lining applied to the inner surface of the drum.2. A delayed coking drum according to wherein the internal lining is a refractory lining.3. A delayed coking drum according to in which the refractory lining is applied in the lower claim 2 , conical section of the drum.4. A delayed coking drum according to in which the refractory lining is applied in the lower cylindrical section of the drum.5. A delayed coking drum according to in which the refractory lining is applied in the upper cylindrical section of the drum.6. A delayed coking drum according to in which the refractory lining is applied by ramming.7. A delayed coking drum according to in which the refractory lining is a monolithic lining comprising a rammed refractory secured by means of anchors attached to the inner surface of the drum.8. A delayed coking drum according to in which the refractory lining is a monolithic lining comprising a rammed refractory secured by means of a single point anchoring system attached to the inner surface of the drum.9. A delayed coking drum according to in which the single point anchoring system is attached to the inner surface of the drum by means of stud welds in which thermal strain is accumulated only across individual welds.10. A delayed coking drum according ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 72
14-10-2021 дата публикации

Updraft gasifier and method, apparatus, and system for biomass decomposition

Номер: US20210317374A1
Автор: Ismael Chang, Jaimie E. Hamilton-Antonson, John R. Pendray
Принадлежит: Cummins Inc

A method, system, and apparatus for decomposing a biomass feedstock include providing a layer of inert particulate matter, such as sand, to line and insulate the bottom surface of a main chamber of a reactor where pyrolysis and oxidation are conducted to produce char and producer gases as primary products. In an embodiment, feedstock positioned in a side region of the reaction chamber insulates side walls of the main chamber from heat in the center region of the main chamber. In an embodiment of the method, a rate of removal of solid products such as char from the reactor is controlled in response to a temperature detected at a position of an extraction tube inlet of the reactor. Activated charcoal may be obtained as a primary product using the system and method, by feeding oxygen into the reactor at an inlet positioned adjacent to an inlet to the extraction chamber.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 73
08-10-2015 дата публикации

Processing device and processing method of fiber containing resin

Номер: US20150284541A1
Автор: Hiroshi Urayama, Ippei Noda, Keiichiro OSHIMA, Takahiro Takeuchi
Принадлежит: Toyota Motor Corp

A processing method according to the present embodiment is a processing method of a fiber containing resin in which fibers are contained in a matrix resin. The processing method includes: a step of thermal decomposition of the matrix resin in the fiber containing resin; and a step of stirring a resulting fibers bundle in solvent after the thermal decomposition. At the time of the thermal decomposition, the matrix resin may be carbonized in a dry distillation-carbonization furnace, for example.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 74
05-10-2017 дата публикации

BIOCHAR KILN

Номер: US20170283703A1
Автор: Beierwaltes William T., Gaspard, II James G., II Perry, Olander Mikel, Pierce
Принадлежит:

A biochar kiln is disclosed. An example of the biochar kiln includes a body having a one-piece rolled wall, a curved floor attached to the sidewall by a single weld line, and a removable lid. The example biochar kiln includes a plurality of semi-independent combustion cells. The example biochar kiln also includes a ventilation subsystem, an ember suppression subsystem, and a stack subsystem. A control subsystem may configured to monitor a plurality of zones of the biochar kiln for a plurality of process control variables, to produce a quality biochar product with well-managed emissions. 1. A biochar kiln , comprising:a body having a one-piece rolled wall, a curved floor attached to the sidewall by a single weld line, and a removable lid;a ventilation subsystem;an ember suppression subsystem;a stack subsystem; anda control subsystem.2. The biochar kiln of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of semi-independent combustion cells.3. The biochar kiln of claim 2 , further comprising a center combustion cell is provided in a center of the body claim 2 , and six perimeter combustion cells are provided between the center combustion cell and the wall.4. The biochar kiln of claim 3 , further comprising an outside vent pipe loading to a center of each of the perimeter combustion cells to provide combustion air.5. The biochar kiln of claim 2 , further comprising a plurality of thermowell tubes built into the curved floor for each of the combustion cells.6. The biochar kiln of claim 5 , wherein the thermowell tubes are positioned adjacent the vent pipes.7. The biochar kiln of claim 1 , wherein the ventilation subsystem includes ports around the perimeter of the body of the biochar kiln claim 1 , each of the ports connected to internal air inlets.8. The biochar kiln of claim 1 , further comprising an automatic control including computer-controlled dampers to regulate airflow into the body of the biochar kiln.9. The biochar kiln of claim 8 , wherein damper airflow is by ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 75
05-10-2017 дата публикации

Portable biochar kiln

Номер: US20170283704A1
Автор: II James G. Gaspard, II Perry Pierce, Mikel Olander, William T. Beierwaltes
Принадлежит: BIOCHAR NOW LLC, Biocharnow LLC

A portable biochar kiln and system is disclosed. An example of a portable biochar kiln system includes a kiln body. A ridge is provided around an outside perimeter of the kiln body. A removable lid is provided to cover and uncover an opening in the top of the kiln body. An edge is provided around an outside perimeter of the removable lid. The example portable biochar kiln system also includes a gripper attachment for heavy machinery. The gripper attachment is configured for engagement with the ridge to raise and lower the kiln body. The gripper attachment is also configured for engagement with the edge of the lid to cover and uncover the kiln body.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 76
04-10-2018 дата публикации

Exhaust System For A Biochar Kiln

Номер: US20180282628A1
Автор: Aupperle Donald P., Beierwaltes Benjamin M., Beierwaltes William T., Gaspard, II James G., Olander Mikel S.
Принадлежит:

An example exhaust system for a biochar kiln includes a chimney of the biochar kiln. The example exhaust system for a biochar kiln also includes a first forced air inlet on the chimney to draw smoke through the chimney during a preheating stage to prime the chimney. The example exhaust system for a biochar kiln also includes a second forced air inlet operatively coupled with the chimney. The second forced air inlet activated to increase airflow when air naturally occurring in a smoke stream in the chimney is insufficient, the second forced air inlet deactivated when there is sufficient air. 1. An exhaust system for a biochar kiln , comprising:a chimney of the biochar kiln;a first forced air inlet on the chimney to draw smoke through the chimney during a preheating stage to prime the chimney; anda second forced air inlet operatively coupled with the chimney, the second forced air inlet activated to increase airflow when air naturally occurring in a smoke stream in the chimney is insufficient, the second forced air inlet deactivated when there is sufficient air.2. The exhaust system of claim 1 , further comprising a blower for the first forced air inlet and a blower for the second forced air inlet.3. The exhaust system of claim 2 , further comprising a temperature sensor with feedback to a controller claim 2 , wherein the controller activates and deactivates the blower for the first forced air inlet and the blower for the second forced air inlet based on input from the temperature sensor.4. The exhaust system of claim 2 , further comprising an oxygen sensor with feedback to a controller claim 2 , wherein the controller activates and deactivates the blower for the first forced air inlet and the blower for the second forced air inlet based on input from the oxygen sensor.5. The exhaust system of claim 2 , further comprising both a temperature sensor and an oxygen sensor with feedback to a controller claim 2 , wherein the controller activates and deactivates the blower ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 77
04-10-2018 дата публикации

Flow Regulation For A Biochar Kiln

Номер: US20180282629A1
Автор: Aupperle Donald P., Beierwaltes Benjamin M., Beierwaltes William T., Gaspard, II James G., Olander Mikel S.
Принадлежит:

An example flow regulation system for a biochar kiln includes an air inlet port of the biochar kiln. The example flow regulation system also includes a port cover coupled to the air inlet ports. The example flow regulation system also includes an external flow regulation assembly coupled with the port cover. The example flow regulation system also includes a controller operating the external flow regulation assembly based on monitoring conditions of the biochar kiln to open and close the air inlet port. 1. A flow regulation system for a biochar kiln , comprising:an air inlet port of the biochar kiln;a port cover coupled to the air inlet ports;an external flow regulation assembly coupled with the port cover;a controller operating the external flow regulation assembly based on monitoring conditions of the biochar kiln to open and close the air inlet port.2. The flow regulation system of claim 1 , wherein the air inlet port is opened to provide additional oxygen and closed to reduce oxygen in a combustion chamber of the biochar kiln.3. The flow regulation system of claim 1 , wherein opening and closing air inlet port is immediate4. The flow regulation system of claim 1 , wherein opening and closing air inlet port is gradual over time during pyrolysis.5. The flow regulation system of claim 1 , wherein the external flow regulation assembly comprises a butterfly valve with a butterfly disc claim 1 , wherein rotation of the disc about an axis through a shaft is enacted by servomotor.6. The flow regulation system of claim 5 , wherein the butterfly disc is rotated to a closed position where its surface normal-line is colinear with a longitudinal axis of an air inlet pipe claim 5 , to completely prevent air flow from outside the biochar kiln through damper pipe and into a combustion chamber of the biochar kiln.7. The flow regulation system of claim 6 , wherein the butterfly disc is rotated 90 degrees from the closed position.8. The flow regulation system of claim 5 , further ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 78
04-10-2018 дата публикации

Managed Biochar Kiln

Номер: US20180282630A1
Автор: Aupperle Donald P., Beierwaltes Benjamin M., Beierwaltes William T., Gaspard, II James G., Olander Mikel S.
Принадлежит:

An example managed biochar kiln includes drum walls, a drum floor, and a lid formed to be fitted to a top edge of the drum walls to close a top end of the drum walls and form a combustion chamber between the lid, the drum walls, and the drum floor. The example managed biochar kiln also includes a chimney stack attachable to the lid. The example managed biochar kiln also includes a valve on the lid operable by an electronic controller to vary airflow through the chimney and out of the lid. 1. A managed biochar kiln , comprising:drum walls;a drum floor;a lid formed to be fitted to a top edge of the drum walls to close a top end of the drum walls and form a combustion chamber between the lid, the drum walls, and the drum floor;a chimney stack attachable to the lid; anda valve on the lid operable by an electronic controller to vary airflow through the chimney and out of the lid.2. The managed biochar kiln of claim 1 , wherein the lid has a planar circular shape formed from a plurality of panel segments joined at adjacent side edges.3. The managed biochar kiln of claim 1 , further comprising:a lid flange around a circumferential edge of the lid formed to fit over a top edge of the drum walls;a retainer ring around and separated from the lid flange by spoke tabs, the retainer ring compressed between the lid edge and top flange of the drum; andguide plates extending from a top surface of the lid, wherein two or more guide plates have through-holes for receipt of a pipe/bail bushing for use with a lid bail.4. The managed biochar kiln of claim 1 , further comprising chain plates formed to extend from a top surface of the lid claim 1 , the chain plates having chain plate holes configured to receive bail chains to facilitate lifting of the lid.5. The managed biochar kiln of claim 1 , further comprising:a lid collar surrounding a central opening in the lid;a lid stack valve plate fitted into a central opening and having radial openings and a center opening; anda lid seal ring ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 79
23-12-2021 дата публикации

APPARATUS, SYSTEM, AND METHOD FOR SHALE PYROLYSIS

Номер: US20210395613A1
Автор: Otterstrom Gary G.
Принадлежит:

Apparatuses, systems, and methods are disclosed for shale pyrolysis. A retort may include a first side and a second side opposite the first side, where the first side and the second side include descending angled surfaces at alternating angles to produce zig-zag motion of shale descending through the retort. Steam distributors may be coupled to the first side, with collectors coupled to the second side, to produce crossflow of steam and heat across the descending shale. A steam temperature control subsystem may be coupled to the steam distributors and may deliver higher-temperature steam to an upper portion of the retort and lower-temperature steam to a lower portion of the retort. 1. A shale pyrolysis system comprising:a retort comprising a first side and a second side, the second side opposite the first side, the first side and the second side comprising descending angled surfaces at alternating angles to produce zig-zag motion of shale descending through the retort;steam distributors coupled to the first side and collectors coupled to the second side to produce crossflow of steam and heat across the descending shale from the first side to the second side; anda steam temperature control subsystem coupled to the steam distributors and configured to deliver higher-temperature steam to an upper portion of the retort and lower-temperature steam to a lower portion of the retort.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the steam temperature control subsystem comprises one or more heaters for increasing steam temperature claim 1 , and a plurality of steam/water mixers for reducing steam temperature to a plurality of different temperatures for delivery to different portions of the retort.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of steam/water mixers are configured to produce steam above 600° F. for distribution to a preheat section of the retort claim 2 , steam above 750° F. for distribution to the upper portion of the retort claim 2 , and steam below 300° F. for ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 80
29-10-2015 дата публикации

SUBSTANCE VEHICLE OF PYROLYSIS REACTOR

Номер: US20150307783A1
Автор: Cheng Li-Feng
Принадлежит:

The present invention discloses a substance vehicle of pyrolysis reactor to apply for loading the substances of pyrolysis reactor. The substance vehicle includes a vehicle body, a movable door and a fixed unit. The vehicle body is used to accommodate the pyrolysis substances, and the movable door is movably disposed at the bottom of the vehicle body. When the fixed unit is changed from the first position to the second position, a part of the fixed unit will disengage from the bottom of the movable door, such that the movable door is opened by gravity and the pyrolysis substances are dropped. 1. A substance vehicle of pyrolysis reactor , applicable to load and transport a pyrolysis substance , comprising:a vehicle body, having at least one volume space, and a top of the volume space being in a full-open state so as to dispose the pyrolysis substances into the volume space;at least one movable door, movably disposed at a bottom of the volume space; andat least one fixed unit, being in L-shaped and comprising a long strut and a short strut, the long strut corresponding to the volume space disposed on a side edge of the vehicle body, and an end of the long strut adjacent to the bottom of the volume space connected with the short strut;wherein when the short strut is in a first position, the short strut is located below the movable door to prevent opening the movable door, when the fixed unit is rotating, the short strut is rotating to a second position and the short strut disengages from the bottom of the movable door, such that the movable door is opened by gravity.2. The substance vehicle of pyrolysis reactor of claim 1 , wherein an end of the long strut claim 1 , which is adjacent to the top of the volume space claim 1 , is disposed as a non-circular structure.3. The substance vehicle of pyrolysis reactor of claim 2 , wherein the substance vehicle of pyrolysis reactor which loads the pyrolysis substances displaces to the top of a freefall tank of the pyrolysis ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 81
26-09-2019 дата публикации

INSULATED VESSELS, INSULATION SYSTEMS THEREFORE, AND METHODS OF INSTALLING SAME

Номер: US20190292465A1
Автор: MCBRIDE JONATHAN
Принадлежит: INSULTHERM, INC.

An insulated pressure vessel, such as a coke drum, having an insulation system installed thereon. The insulation system includes an insulation support system comprising either a floating ring type support system, or a cage type support system including a plurality of vertically spaced insulation support rings each having a diameter greater than the external diameter of the coke drum. A plurality of insulation panels are secured to the support rings, each panel including insulation material and an exterior metal jacket. The panels are secured to horizontally adjacent insulation panels with standing seams. Weather shields may be provided over the top of the seams. Tensioned insulation securing cables, corresponding in number to the insulation support rings, are routed through horizontally aligned eyelets in each standing seam. 1. An insulated vessel comprising (or consisting essentially of , or consisting of):(a) a vessel having an external diameter, an exterior surface, and a longitudinal axis; and i) an insulation support system comprising a series of spaced apart weldments (preferably vertical, rectangular CS plates, or “clips”) welded to the vessel exterior surface in spaced apart horizontal rows, and a plurality of vertically spaced insulation support rings supported by but not attached to the weldments, each support ring having a diameter greater than the external diameter of the vessel;', 'ii) a plurality of insulation panels secured to the support rings, each insulation panel comprising insulation material and an exterior metal jacket, each insulation panel positioned between horizontally adjacent insulation panels with single-folded standing seams; and', 'iii) a plurality of external tensioned insulation securing cables corresponding in number to the plurality of support rings, each of the cables routed through respective horizontally aligned eyelets in each single-folded standing seam external of the insulation panels., '(b) an insulation system installed on ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 82
17-09-2020 дата публикации

PROCESS AND REACTOR FOR CONTINUOUS CHARCOAL PRODUCTION

Номер: US20200291300A1
Автор: Latorre Fernando
Принадлежит:

Continuous charcoal production system in a vertical reactor with a concentric charging zone () and drying zone (), a carbonization zone (), a cooling zone () and a discharge zone (), and a method for recovering energy from carbonization gases for the production of this charcoal, comprising the extraction of carbonization gas from the drying zone () and subdividing it into recirculating gas and heating gas, with the remaining gas exceeding the energy required to generate electricity; burning the heating gas in a hot gas generator (); injecting the recirculating gas into a heat recovery unit (); injecting the heating gas after combustion into the heat recovery unit (), indirect heating of the recirculating gas; and reinjecting the heated recirculating gas into the carbonization zone () of the reactor (R).

Подробнее
Номер записи: 83
03-10-2019 дата публикации

Hermetically sealed flow-through reactor for non-oxidative thermal degradation of a rubber containing waste

Номер: US20190300793A1
Автор: Andrew DRENNAN, Bert HUYS, Phil ERASMUS
Принадлежит: Keshi Technologies Pty Ltd

A hermetically sealed flow-through reactor for non-oxidative thermal degradation of a rubber containing waste into a char product, the reactor having an internal cylindrical surface, and the reactor including: one or more thermal reaction zones arranged between the inlet and the outlet, wherein each zone is provided with: one or more heating elements controllable to heat the zone to an operating temperature, and one or more gas outlets for withdrawing gas or gases evolved during the degradation of the rubber; and a screw auger located within the reactor, the screw augur configured to rotate in both the forward and reverse directions to agitate and transport the rubber containing waste to the outlet, wherein fighting on the screw auger tracks the internal cylindrical surface of the reactor in close relationship to minimise or prevent the transport of material through a clearance space between outer edges of the fighting and the internal cylindrical surface of the reactor.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 84
09-11-2017 дата публикации

HIGH-EFFICIENCY PYROLYSIS APPARATUS

Номер: US20170321124A1
Автор: Hsu Chung-Long, HSU Shu-Hui
Принадлежит:

A high-efficiency pyrolysis apparatus comprises a first pyrolysis furnace, a second pyrolysis furnace, a fractional distillation device, and an air sucking device. The first pyrolysis furnace heats and pyrolyzes a solid-state waste. The second pyrolysis furnace interconnects with the first pyrolysis furnace through a first channel and generates a fluid. The fractional distillation device interconnects with the second pyrolysis furnace through a second channel and performs a fluid separation operation on the fluid. The air sucking device interconnects with the first pyrolysis furnace and generates a negative pressure to the first channel and the second channel to prevent from that air exists in the first pyrolysis furnace and the second pyrolysis furnace and that toxic materials are generated in the first pyrolysis furnace and the second pyrolysis furnace. The high-efficiency pyrolysis apparatus is less likely to generate toxic materials and thus less likely to pollute the air. 1. A high-efficiency pyrolysis apparatus , comprisinga first pyrolysis furnace, including a first chamber and a first heater arranged inside the first chamber, selected from the group including resistance heaters, inductive heaters and electron-beam heaters, generating a first heating temperature of 100-2000° C. in the first chamber to pyrolyze a solid-state waste;a second pyrolysis furnace, interconnecting with the first pyrolysis furnace through a first channel, including a second chamber and a second heater arranged inside the second chamber, selected from the group including resistance heaters, inductive heaters and electron-beam heaters, generating a second heating temperature of 100-2000° C. in the second chamber to generate a fluid, wherein the second heating temperature is higher than the first heating temperature;a fractional distillation device, interconnecting with the second pyrolysis furnace through a second channel, wherein the fluid is transferred to the fractional distillation ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 85
10-10-2019 дата публикации

Apparatus and method for thermally demanufacturing tires and other waste products

Номер: US20190309142A1
Автор: Jason Williams, Wayne Machon
Принадлежит: Prti Global Management LLC

An apparatus and process for thermally de-manufacturing tires and other materials. The apparatus is a retort chamber with various zones in which tires are combusted to provide energy for the thermal depolymerization reaction, depolymerization takes place, and products leave the retort chamber. In one embodiment, the process reacts water with iron present in steel-belted tires to produce hydrogen, which helps to break sulfur-sulfur bonds in vulcanized materials. The water also helps control the temperature of the reaction, which allows for control over the types and relative amounts of the various depolymerization products.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 86
24-10-2019 дата публикации

ARRANGEMENT OF A COKE DRUM AND OF A COKE CRUSHING UNIT, FOR USE IN A CLOSED, GAS-TIGHT SYSTEM FOR GAINING SELLABLE PETROLEUM COKE PIECES OUT OF SOLIDIFIED PETROLEUM COKE IN A COKE DRUM UNIT AND A CLOSED, GAS-TIGHT SYSTEM COMPRISING SUCH ARRANGEMENT

Номер: US20190322941A1
Автор: Streich Zheng-Zhu
Принадлежит:

An arrangement of a coke drum unit and of a coke crushing unit for use in a closed, gastight system for gaining sellable petroleum coke pieces out of solidified petroleum coke in a coke drum unit. It comprises a coke drum unit containing solidified petroleum coke; a coke crushing unit for crushing the petroleum coke into sellable petroleum coke pieces arranged below the coke drum unit; a lower funnel connected to the coke crushing unit and having an upper end portion; an upper funnel connected to the lower end of the coke drum unit and having a lower end portion with a smaller diameter than the upper end portion of the lower funnel; the lower end portion of the upper funnel extending into the upper end portion of the lower funnel; and at least one circumferential sealing element providing a gastight sealing between the upper funnel and the lower funnel and allowing for an axial and radial movement of the upper funnel with respect to the lower funnel. 1. An arrangement of a coke drum unit and of a coke crushing unit , for use in a closed , gastight system for gaining sellable petroleum coke pieces out of solidified petroleum coke in a coke drum unit , comprisinga coke drum unit containing solidified petroleum coke;a coke crushing unit for crushing the petroleum coke into sellable petroleum coke pieces arranged below the coke drum unit; whereina lower funnel is connected to the coke crushing unit and has an upper end portion;an upper funnel is connected to the lower end of the coke drum unit and has a lower end portion with a smaller diameter than the upper end portion of the lower funnel;the lower end portion of the upper funnel extends into the upper end portion of the lower funnel; andat least one circumferential sealing element provides a gastight seal between the upper funnel and the lower funnel and allowing for an axial and a radial movement of the upper funnel with respect to the lower funnel;the upper end portion of the lower funnel comprises a load bearing ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 87
30-11-2017 дата публикации

SELF-SUSTAINING PYROLYSIS SYSTEM FOR ENERGY PRODUCTION

Номер: US20170342325A9
Автор: Tucker Jerry, Tucker Nathan Robert
Принадлежит:

A pyrolysis apparatus reduces feedstock to gaseous energy sources and recyclable solids by moving feedstock through a processing unit via a feedstock transport mechanism that has sections that move the feedstock at respectively different rates through a retort within the processing unit. The feedstock transport mechanism may be an auger with a variable flighting pitch along its shaft. The pyrolysis apparatus may be modular in that processing units may be added and subtracted as necessary for any given installation. A restriction device squeezes ambient air out of the feedstock prior to entry into the pyrolysis apparatus retort. 1. A pyrolysis apparatus for reducing feedstock to gaseous energy sources and recyclable solids , comprising:a housing configured to receive a plurality of modular processing units configured to operate in parallel;a modular first processing unit, said first processing unit comprising a first feedstock inlet, a first gas output outlet, a first solids output outlet, and a first feedstock transport mechanism extending through said first processing unit, said first feedstock transport mechanism comprising a first multi-pitch auger for moving feedstock at different rates through said first processing unit; anda modular second processing unit removably connected to said first processing unit via the housing, said second processing unit comprising a second feedstock inlet, a second gas output outlet, a second solids output outlet, and a second feedstock transport mechanism extending through said second processing unit, said second feedstock transport mechanism comprising a second multi-pitch auger for moving feedstock at different rates through said second processing unit;wherein said first processing unit and second processing unit are configured to operate in parallel.2. The pyrolysis apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:said first processing unit comprises a retort surrounding said first feedstock transport mechanism; andsaid first multi-pitch auger ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 88
31-10-2019 дата публикации

BIOCHAR KILN

Номер: US20190330533A1
Автор: Beierwaltes William T., Gaspard, II James G., II Perry, Olander Mikel, Pierce
Принадлежит:

A biochar kiln is disclosed. An example of the biochar kiln includes a kiln body having a sidewall, a floor attached to the sidewall, and a removable lid. The example biochar kiln also includes a plurality of semi-independent combustion cells. The example biochar kiln also includes an outside vent pipe loading to a center of the semi-independent combustion cells to provide combustion air.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 89
22-10-2020 дата публикации

ARRANGEMENT AND PROCESS FOR RECYCLING CARBON AND HYDROCARBON FROM ORGANIC MATERIAL

Номер: US20200332196A1
Автор: ERSHAG Bengt-Sture, ERSHAG Olov
Принадлежит:

The present invention concerns an arrangement for the recycling of carbon and hydrocarbon compounds from organic input material through pyrolysis treatment, comprising: a reactor () comprising a chamber () that is limited by a jacket () and upper and lower end-wall sections (), in which chamber input material (M) in fragmented form is intended to be introduced, gas inlet means () for the supply of heated inert gas () to the input material, whereby the gas inlet means () is connected in a manner that transfers gas to a gas emission source () through inlet pipes () that are associated with inlet pipes, and gas outlets () for leading the gas out of the chamber, where the gas outlet means () comprises openings () through which gas flows intended to supply the gas () into the chamber (), whereby the openings () through which gas flows are arranged such that a fall in pressure dP is generated during the supply of gas that exceeds the fall in pressure dM of the gas during passage through the input material M that has been introduced into the chamber. The invention concerns also a method for the recycling of carbon and hydrocarbon compounds from organic input material through pyrolysis. 1. A method for the recycling of carbon and hydrocarbon compounds from organic input material through pyrolysis , said method comprising the steps of:{'b': 1', '110', '111', '112', '113, 'introducing input material in fragmented form into a reactor () comprising a chamber () which is limited by a jacket () and upper and lower end-wall sections (, ),'}{'b': 120', '101, 'supplying, through gas inlet means (), heated inert gas () to the chamber for the pyrolysis treatment of the input material, and'}{'b': 107', '110', '160, 'leading pyrolysis gas () out of the chamber () through gas outlet means (),'} [{'b': 120', '125', '146', '155', '101', '125', '146', '155', '101', '110', '121', '122', '1', '122', '2, 'the gas inlet means () comprises (a) openings (, , ) through which the heated inert gas ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 90
06-12-2018 дата публикации

Pyrolysis reactor with optimized reaction sequencing

Номер: US20180346817A1
Автор: Alexander Dementev
Принадлежит: Individual

System and method for processing pyrolyzable materials in order to recover usable end products are disclosed. The pyrolysis process comprises a number of stages. First pre-treating is to reduce moisture content to approximately 15%. Second is to optimize the volatile organic under the heat and vacuum. This treatment stage is carried out at the temperature between 350 to 400° C. Next, the material is treated with heat and vacuum to produce hot gas and solid carbon residue. This stage is carried out at the temperature up to 800° C. The solid carbon residue can be separated from the hot gas, the volatile organic materials condensed to produce liquid hydrocarbon and gas products. Pyrolysis processes and system according to the present invention are able to thermally decompose carbon-containing materials, including, but not limited to, tires and other rubber-containing materials, hydrocarbon-containing products including pyrolysis oil, used oil and lubricants, organic wastes and alike, carbon containing minerals like brown and bituminous coal, oil shale and oil bearing schists. System and pyrolysis methods according to aspects of the present invention may be successful on a commercial scale.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 91
21-12-2017 дата публикации

Retractable Center Feed Injection Device

Номер: US20170362510A1
Автор: Krause Kenneth, Lah Ruben F., Larsen Gary
Принадлежит:

A retractable center feed injection device can be employed to feed residual oil into a coke drum as part of a delayed coking process. The retractable center feed injection device can include a housing within which the injection nozzle slides between an extended and a retracted position. A feed inlet is positioned on an opposite side of the coke drum from the retractable center feed injection device. When in the extended position, the injection nozzle can couple with the feed inlet and thereby form an extension of the feed inlet into the center of the coke drum. In this way, the residual oil never flows through the housing. 1. A retractable center feed injection device for use on a coke drum comprising:a housing configured to couple to a sidewall of a coke drum in alignment with a first opening in the sidewall;an injection nozzle contained within the housing, the injection nozzle having a first end and a second end, the injection nozzle being configured to slide between a retracted position and an extended position in which the first end extends into the coke drum; andan actuator that is coupled to the second end of the injection nozzle and configured to slide the injection nozzle between the retracted position and the extended position;wherein the injection nozzle includes a chamber positioned towards the first end and having one or more outlet openings that are oriented into the drum and an inlet opening that extends out through the first end such that residual oil can be flowed into the chamber via the inlet opening and out of the chamber via the one or more outlet openings.2. The retractable center feed injection device of claim 1 , further comprising:a feed inlet configured to couple to the sidewall of the coke drum in alignment with a second opening in the sidewall, the second opening being opposite the first opening, the first end of the injection nozzle coupling with the feed inlet when the injection nozzle is in the extended position.3. The retractable ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 92
28-12-2017 дата публикации

AIRFLOW CONTROL AND HEAT RECOVERY IN A MANAGED KILN

Номер: US20170369785A1
Автор: Aupperle Donald P., Beierwaltes Benjamin M., Beierwaltes William T., Gaspard, II James G., Olander Mikel S.
Принадлежит:

A controlled kiln and manufacturing system for biochar production includes control systems and subsystems. An example biochar kiln exhaust apparatus, includes a chimney configured for heating by pyrolysis and for exhausting smoke from the combustion chamber. The example biochar kiln exhaust apparatus also includes a plurality of exhaust inlet pipes configured to pass smoke from the combustion chamber to the chimney.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 93
12-11-2020 дата публикации

METHODS, SYSTEMS, AND DEVICES FOR LIQUID HYDROCARBON FUEL PRODUCTION, HYDROCARBON CHEMICAL PRODUCTION, AND AEROSOL CAPTURE

Номер: US20200354635A1
Автор: Hensley Daniel L., Smith Lee S., Weaver Daniel C., Weaver Samuel C., Weaver Samuel P.
Принадлежит:

Methods, systems, and devices for liquid hydrocarbon fuel production, hydrocarbon chemical production, and aerosol capture are provided. For example, a carbon-oxygen-hydrogen (C—O—H) compound may be heated to a temperature of at least 800 degrees Celsius such that the C—O—H compound reacts through a non-oxidation reaction to generate at least a hydrocarbon compound that may be at least a component of a liquid hydrocarbon fuel or a hydrocarbon chemical. The liquid hydrocarbon fuel may be a liquid when at a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius. The C—O—H compound may include biomass. In some cases, the hydrocarbon compound produced through the non-oxidation reaction includes a hydrocarbon aerosol form as the hydrocarbon compound at least as it is produced or cools. Some embodiments include aerosol capture methods, systems, and devices, which may include passing a hydrocarbon aerosol form through a material in a liquid phase in order to gather the aerosol material. 122.-. (canceled)23. A method of direct liquid hydrocarbon fuel production comprising:heating a carbon-oxygen-hydrogen (C—O—H) compound to a temperature of at least 800 degrees Celsius such that the C—O—H compound reacts through a non-oxidation reaction to generate at least a hydrocarbon aerosol that is at least a component of a liquid hydrocarbon fuel, andpassing the hydrocarbon aerosol through a liquid fuel to gather the hydrocarbon aerosol and to form the liquid hydrocarbon fuel, wherein the liquid fuel includes at least gasoline, diesel, or aviation fuel.24. The method of claim 23 , wherein the non-oxidation reaction comprises a pyrolysis reaction.25. The method of claim 23 , wherein the C—O—H compound includes at least a biomass or a waste stream.26. The method of claim 23 ,-wherein the temperature is to at least 900 degrees Celsius.27. The method of claim 23 , wherein the C—O—H compound has a residence time of at least 10 seconds.28. The method of claim 23 , wherein the C—O—H compound has a residence time ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 94
10-12-2020 дата публикации

Radial flow oil shale retort

Номер: US20200385638A1
Автор: James Mccoy, Richard Arthur
Принадлежит: Red Leaf Resources Inc

A radial flow oil shale retort can include a central heating fluid conduit having a permeable outer wall and an outer heating fluid annulus positioned about the central heating fluid conduit, the outer heating fluid annulus having a permeable inner wall. An annular body of comminuted oil shale can be between the permeable outer wall of the central heating fluid conduit and the permeable inner wall of the outer heating fluid annulus. A heating fluid supply can be connected to either the central heating fluid conduit or the outer heating fluid annulus to flow a heating fluid in a radial direction through the annular body of the comminuted oil shale.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 95
31-12-2020 дата публикации

PYROLYSIS DEVICE

Номер: US20200407643A1
Автор: "DAlessandro Giuseppe", ANDREINI Vanni, Frediani Piero, INNOCENTI Gianni, Occhialini Silvio, SIMONI Roberto, SONEGO Alessandro
Принадлежит:

A pyrolysis device () comprising an elongated tubular structure () which extends along a longitudinal axis (X) and includes a first tubular body () which defines an initial washing or drainage chamber, in which a shaped carriage () containing a polymeric material to be subjected to pyrolysis thermal treatment is received, and provided with a movable front shutter (), arranged at an axial inlet mouth () through which the shaped carriage () is introduced into the initial chamber (), and cooperating with first actuating means () which alternately move them at least between a first position, in which the front shutter () closes the initial chamber () from the outer side (), and a second position, in which the front shutter () opens the initial chamber () from such an outer side () putting it into communication with the external environment. The pyrolysis device () further comprises a second tubular body (), located downstream of the first tubular body () and provided at a first end () with closing means (), defining a pyrolysis chamber () which receives the shaped carriage () to be subjected to the pyrolysis treatment, interface chimneys () for replacing the air present in the initial chamber () and/or in the pyrolysis chamber () with an inert gas, one or more microwave heating sources () coupled to the second tubular body () and facing the pyrolysis chamber () in which they activate the pyrolysis treatment on the polymeric material present in the shaped carriage (), and a movable center shutter () interposed between the first tubular body () and the second tubular body () and cooperating with second actuating means () which alternately move it between a closing position, in which the center shutter () keeps the initial chamber () and the pyrolysis chamber () mutually isolated, and an opening position in which the center shutter () puts the initial chamber () into communication with the pyrolysis chamber (), thus allowing the passage of the shaped carriage (). 1. A ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 96
29-12-2022 дата публикации

APPARATUS, SYSTEM, AND METHOD FOR SHALE PYROLYSIS

Номер: US20220411697A1
Автор: Otterstrom Gary G.
Принадлежит:

A shale pyrolysis system includes a retort with a first side and a second side. The second side is opposite the first side and the first side and the second side include descending angled surfaces at alternating angles to produce zig-zag motion of shale descending through the retort. Corners of the retort that change direction of the shale are rounded. The system includes steam distributors coupled to the first side and collectors coupled to the second side to produce crossflow of steam and heat across the descending shale from the first side to the second side, and a steam temperature control subsystem coupled to the steam distributors and configured to deliver higher-temperature steam to one or more upper sections of the retort and lower-temperature steam to one or more lower sections of the retort. 1. A shale pyrolysis system comprising:a retort comprising a first side and a second side, the second side opposite the first side, the first side and the second side comprising descending angled surfaces at alternating angles to produce zig-zag motion of shale descending through the retort, wherein corners of the retort that change direction of the shale are rounded;steam distributors coupled to the first side and collectors coupled to the second side to produce crossflow of steam and heat across the descending shale from the first side to the second side; anda steam temperature control subsystem coupled to the steam distributors and configured to deliver higher-temperature steam to one or more upper sections of the retort and lower-temperature steam to one or more lower sections of the retort.2. The shale pyrolysis system of claim 1 , wherein each of the rounded corners of the retort comprises a radius sized such that a portion of shale descending through the retort maintains a same position relative to surrounding shale as the portion of shale passes through the retort and around a rounded corner.3. The shale pyrolysis system of claim 2 , wherein each of the rounded ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 97
20-05-2005 дата публикации

Способ карбонизации биомассы

Номер: RU2003137765A
Автор: Майкл Джей Младший ЭНТАЛ, Майкл Джей Младший ЭНТАЛ (US)
Принадлежит: Пасифик Карбон енд Графит ЛЛСи, Пасифик Карбон енд Графит ЛЛСи (US)

ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÀß ÔÅÄÅÐÀÖÈß (19) RU (51) ÌÏÊ 7 (11) 2003 137 765 (13) A C 10 B 47/00 ÔÅÄÅÐÀËÜÍÀß ÑËÓÆÁÀ ÏÎ ÈÍÒÅËËÅÊÒÓÀËÜÍÎÉ ÑÎÁÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ, ÏÀÒÅÍÒÀÌ È ÒÎÂÀÐÍÛÌ ÇÍÀÊÀÌ (12) ÇÀßÂÊÀ ÍÀ ÈÇÎÁÐÅÒÅÍÈÅ (21), (22) Çà âêà: 2003137765/04, 28.06.2002 (71) Çà âèòåëü(è): Ïàñèôèê Êàðáîí åíä Ãðàôèò ËËÑè (US) (30) Ïðèîðèòåò: 28.06.2001 US 60/302,100 20.05.2002 US 10/152,276 (72) Àâòîð(û): ÝÍÒÀË Ìàéêë Äæåé Ìëàäøèé (US) (43) Äàòà ïóáëèêàöèè çà âêè: 20.05.2005 Áþë. ¹ 14 (87) Ïóáëèêàöè PCT: WO 03/002690 (09.01.2003) Àäðåñ äë ïåðåïèñêè: 125040, Ìîñêâà, ïð-ò Ëåíèíãðàäñêèé, 23, Ïàòåíòíî-ëèöåíçèîííà ôèðìà "Òðàíñòåõíîëîãè ", Í.È.Çîëîòûõ R U Ôîðìóëà èçîáðåòåíè 1. Ñïîñîá ïåðåâîäà ìàòåðèàëà áèîìàññû â ðàñòèòåëüíûé óãîëü èëè êàðáîíèçèðîâàííûé ðàñòèòåëüíûé óãîëü, âêëþ÷àþùèé ñëåäóþùèå ýòàïû: (a) ãåðìåòè÷íîãî ðàçìåùåíè óïîì íóòîãî ìàòåðèàëà â çàêðûòîì êîíòåéíåðå, îòëè÷àþùèéñ òåì, ÷òî íåèíåðòíîå ñîäåðæèìîå óïîì íóòîãî êîíòåéíåðà ñîñòîèò èç óïîì íóòîãî ìàòåðèàëà è âîçäóõà; (b) ïîâûøåíèå â óïîì íóòîì êîíòåéíåðå äàâëåíè âîçäóõà; (c) íàãðåâ óïîì íóòîãî ìàòåðèàëà äë îáåñïå÷åíè åãî âîçãîðàíè è ãîðåíè ; (d) ðåãóëèðîâàíèå äàâëåíè âíóòðè óïîì íóòîãî êîíòåéíåðà íà óðîâíå Pi ïóòåì îòâîäà ãàçà èç óïîì íóòîãî êîíòåéíåðà òàêèì îáðàçîì, ÷òîáû îíî íå ïðåâûøàëî ïðåäåëüíîãî äàâëåíè Plimit; (e) âîçìîæíà ïîäà÷à âîçäóõà â óïîì íóòûé êîíòåéíåð äë ïîëó÷åíè òåìïåðàòóðû ìàòåðèàëà ïðèáëèçèòåëüíî âûøå 400°Ñ ïðè ðåãóëèðîâàíèè óïîì íóòîãî äàâëåíè íà óðîâíå Ð1; (f) îòâîä ãàçà èç óïîì íóòîãî êîíòåéíåðà äë ïîíèæåíè óïîì íóòîãî äàâëåíè äî óðîâí Ð2. 2. Ñïîñîá ïî ï.1, îòëè÷àþùèéñ òåì, ÷òî óïîì íóòûå ýòàïû (b) è (ñ) âûïîëí þòñ â îáðàòíîì ïîð äêå. 3. Ñïîñîá ïî ï.1, îòëè÷àþùèéñ òåì, ÷òî íà ýòàïå (å) óïîì íóòûé âîçäóõ ïîäàåòñ â âåðõíþþ ÷àñòü óïîì íóòîãî êîíòåéíåðà, è óïîì íóòîå äàâëåíèå ðåãóëèðóåòñ íà óðîâíå ð1, êîòîðîå íèæå äàâëåíè Ð limit ïóòåì îòâîäà óïîì íóòîãî ãàçà èç íèæíåé ÷àñòè óïîì íóòîãî êîíòåéíåðà. Ñòðàíèöà: 1 RU A 2 0 0 3 1 3 7 7 6 5 A (54) ÑÏÎÑÎÁ ÊÀÐÁÎÍÈÇÀÖÈÈ ÁÈÎÌÀÑÑÛ 2 0 0 3 1 3 7 7 6 5 (86) Çà âêà PCT: US 02/20689 (28.06.2002) R ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 98
23-01-2017 дата публикации

Device and method for production of charcoal

Номер: RU2608599C2
Автор: Александр Владимирович Деев
Принадлежит: Коммонвелт Сайентифик Энд Индастриал Рисерч Органайзейшн

FIELD: machine building. SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in metallurgy and chemical industry. Device for autogenous charcoal production includes mechanism 1 for feeding heated organic material, reaction vessel 2 and opening 13 for unloading charcoal. Reaction vessel 2 comprises reaction zone 22, cooling zone 23, tuyere 12, outlet openings 9 of reaction zone 22 made in its peripheral part. Outlet openings 9 of reaction zone 22 are arranged perpendicular to inlet openings 18 of reaction zone 22. Dry organic material is added to first end of reaction vessel 2, passed along flow path through reaction vessel and removed through outlet opening at second end of reaction vessel 2. Organic material is heated in heating zone 21 of reaction vessel 2 as it passes through reaction vessel 2 into reaction zone 22. Organic material is held in reaction zone 22 for autogenous decomposition of organic material into charcoal and pyroligneous gases. Charcoal is cooled in cooling zone 23 prior to discharge. Pyroligneous gases are removed via outlet opening 9 of reaction zone 22 so that gases move essentially perpendicular through material in reaction zone towards outlet opening 9 of reaction zone 22. EFFECT: invention enables to improve energy efficiency of process, increase productivity of reactor, higher yield of charcoal, higher quality of liquid products and faster cooling of charcoal, higher controllability of process. 24 cl, 3 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 608 599 C2 (51) МПК C10B 1/02 (2006.01) C10B 3/00 (2006.01) C10B 49/02 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ФОРМУЛА (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ 2014101600, 19.06.2012 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 19.06.2012 (72) Автор(ы): ДЕЕВ Александр Владимирович (AU) Дата регистрации: 23.01.2017 Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 4935099 A, 19.06.1990. FR 621350 21.06.2011 AU ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 99
02-03-2020 дата публикации

Coal-burning unit

Номер: RU2715581C2
Автор: Евгений Геннадьевич Чекляев, Зубайди Али Талиб Салих Аль, Михаил Александрович Таймаров, Юрий Васильевич Лавирко
Принадлежит: Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования &#34;Казанский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет&#34; (КГАСУ), Юрий Васильевич Лавирко

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices for producing wood from charcoal and pyrolysis gas for use as fuel and raw material for further deep chemical processing. Carbonizing unit comprises furnace, retort, cooling jacket, gas duct for removal of combustion products, stack, smoke exhauster and blower to create balanced thrust in furnace, and the retort has a pipeline for removing pyrolysis gas, the burner has a burner for burning gaseous fuel and supplying heated air coming from the cooling jacket, there is a detachable perforated holder, inserted into the retort for loading of wood raw material, there are tight hatches for loading wood fuel into the furnace and wood raw material, there is a sealed gate for removal of ash from the furnace, there is a compressor with a receiver for compression and storage of pyrolysis gas released during thermochemical decomposition of wood raw material, there is a process connection of supply of a certain portion of pyrolysis gas via a pipeline from receiver to burner for its combustion, there are gas analysers for determining composition, temperature, flow rate and pressure of combustion products and pyrolysis gas, by indications of which is determined optimum duration of pyrolysis process and consumption of gaseous fuel burnt in furnace during charcoal production, and the unit itself structurally consists of three interconnected units interconnected by means of gas ducts with remotely switched gate valves for movement of combustion products, air ducts with remotely switched gate valves for movement of air for combustion, pipelines with remotely switched shutoff valves for movement of pyrolysis gas into burners and receiver, and in each of blocks passes one of stages of technological process: drying of wood fuel with wood raw material, pyrolysis of wood raw material, cooling of retort with coal, wherein the duration of processes in the wood fuel and raw material drying unit and in the coal cooling unit is ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 100