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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Применить Всего найдено 6687. Отображено 100.

05-01-2012 дата публикации

Production of Low Color Middle Distillate Fuels

Номер: US20120000817A1

Автор: Stuart S. Shih

Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co

In a process for producing a low color diesel and/or kerosene fuel, a middle distillate feed can be supplied to a reactor having at least one first catalyst bed containing a first desulfurization and/or isomerization catalyst and at least one second catalyst bed containing a decolorization catalyst downstream from the first catalyst bed(s). The feed can be reacted with the hydrogen in the presence of the first catalyst at a temperature from about 290° C. to about 430° C. to produce a first liquid effluent, which can be cooled by about 10° C. to about 40° C. with a quench medium and cascaded to the at least one second catalyst bed. The cooled first liquid effluent can then be reacted with hydrogen in the presence of the decolorization catalyst at a temperature from about 280° C. to about 415° C. to produce a second effluent having an ASTM color less than 2.5.

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Номер записи: 1

12-01-2012 дата публикации

Solvent-enhanced biomass liquefaction

Номер: US20120005949A1

Автор: Alex Coulthard, Daniel EUHUS, Doug Naae, James Stevens, Jason Hicks, Kerry Spilker, Michelle Young, Paul Spindler, Subhasis Bhattacharya

Принадлежит: Catchlight Energy LLC

The present invention provides an improved method for solvent liquefaction of biomass to produce liquid products such as transportation fuel. The method uses a novel solvent combination that promotes liquefaction relatively quickly, and it reduces the need to transport large amounts of hydrogen or hydrogen-carrying solvents. It operates at lower pressure than previous methods, does not require a catalyst or hydrogen gas or CO input, and provides very high conversion of biomass into a bio-oil that can be further processed in a petroleum refinery. It also beneficially provides a way to recycle a portion of the crude liquefaction product for use as part of the solvent combination for the biomass liquefaction reaction.

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Номер записи: 2

02-02-2012 дата публикации

Catalyst- and lignin-comprising composition and its use for preparing an aromatics composition

Номер: US20120029243A1

Автор: Emmanouil Pantouflas, Roman Prochazka, Stephan Schunk

Принадлежит: BASF SE

The present invention relates to a composition (“composite”) comprising lignin and at least one catalyst dispersed in the composition. The invention further provides a process for producing such a catalyst- and lignin-comprising composition and its use for preparing an aromatics composition.

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Номер записи: 3

15-03-2012 дата публикации

Oligomerization of propylene and longer chain alpha olefins to produce base oil products

Номер: US20120065448A1

Автор: Saleh Elomari, Stephen Joseph Miller

Принадлежит: Chevron USA Inc

We provide a process for making a base oil, comprising: mixing one or more longer chain alpha olefins comprising C6+ olefins with an olefin feed comprising propylene to make a mixed olefin feed; and oligomerizing the mixed olefin feed using an acidic chloroaluminate ionic liquid catalyst to form an oligomer; wherein the oligomer is a base oil that has: i. a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. greater than 10 mm 2 /s; ii. a viscosity index from 50 to 90; iii. a pour point less than −19° C.; and iv. a cloud point less than −50° C.

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Номер записи: 4

19-04-2012 дата публикации

Process for producing middle distillates by hydroisomerization and hydrocracking of a heavy fraction derived from a fischer-tropsch effluent

Номер: US20120091034A1

Автор: Aurelie Dandeu, Vincent Coupard

Принадлежит: Eni Spa, IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN

The present invention describes a process for producing middle distillates from a C5+ liquid paraffinic fraction, termed a heavy fraction, with an initial boiling point in the range 15° C. to 40° C. produced by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, comprising the following steps in succession: passing said C5+ liquid paraffinic fraction, termed a heavy fraction, over at least one ion exchange resin at a temperature in the range 80° C. to 150° C., at a total pressure in the range 0.7 to 2.5 MPa, at an hourly space velocity in the range 0.2 to 2.5 h −1 ; eliminating at least a portion of the water formed in step a); hydrogenating the unsaturated olefinic type compounds of at least a portion of the effluent derived from step b) in the presence of hydrogen and a hydrogenation catalyst; and hydroisomerization/hydrocracking of at least a portion of the hydrotreated effluent derived from step c) in the presence of hydrogen and a hydroisomerization/hydrocracking catalyst.

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Номер записи: 5

19-04-2012 дата публикации

Hydrocarbon extraction of oil from oil sand

Номер: US20120091041A1

Автор: Edward L. Diefenthal, Richard D. Jordan, Richard H. Schlosberg

Принадлежит: Epic Oil Extractors LLC

This invention provides a process for producing a crude oil composition from oil sand using a solvent comprised of a hydrocarbon mixture to extract or remove only a portion of the bitumen on the oil sand. The solvent type and the manner by which the extraction process is carried out has substantial impact on the quality of the extracted oil component. The solvent is designed so that it has the desired Hansen solubility parameters that enable the partial extraction of the desired oil composition. The solvent is further designed so that it can be comprised of multiple hydrocarbons having the appropriate boiling point ranges that enable the solvent to be easily recovered and recycle, without the need to externally provide for solvent make-up.

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Номер записи: 6

03-05-2012 дата публикации

Lubricant additives

Номер: US20120108480A1

Автор: Paul Bloom

Принадлежит: Archer Daniels Midland Co

Processes are described for producing liquid, biobased lubricant additives containing from 50 to 100% biobased carbon according to ASTM D6866 from heat-bodied oils by transesterification with biobased or petroleum based alcohols and by hydrotreatment of at least the resulting diesters, triesters and polyesters.

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Номер записи: 7

03-05-2012 дата публикации

Fuel and base oil blendstocks from a single feedstock

Номер: US20120108869A1

Автор: Paul F. Bryan, Stephen J. Miller

Принадлежит: Chevron USA Inc

A method comprising the steps of providing a quantity of biologically-derived oil comprising triglycerides; processing the biologically derived oil so as to transesterify at least some of the triglycerides contained therein to yield a quantity of saturated monoesters and unsaturated monoesters; oligomerizing at least some of the unsaturated monoesters to yield a quantity of fatty acid ester oligomers; separating at least some of the saturated monoesters from the fatty acid ester oligomers; and hydrotreating at least some of the fatty acid ester oligomers to yield a quantity of alkanes.

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Номер записи: 8

03-05-2012 дата публикации

Fuel and base oil blendstocks from a single feedstock

Номер: US20120108871A1

Автор: Stephen J. Miller

Принадлежит: Chevron USA Inc

A method comprising providing a fatty acyl mixture comprising: (i) a C 10 -C 16 acyl carbon atom chain content of at least 30 wt. % wherein at least 80% of the C 10 -C 16 acyl carbon atom chains are saturated; and (ii) a C 18 -C 22 acyl carbon atom chain content of at least 20 wt. % wherein at least 50% of the acyl C 18 -C 22 carbon atom chains contain at least one double bond; hydrolyzing the mixture to yield a quantity of C 10 -C 16 saturated fatty acids and C 18 -C 22 unsaturated fatty acids; oligomerizing at least some of the C 18 -C 22 unsaturated fatty acids to yield a quantity of C 36+ fatty acid oligomers; hydrotreating at least some of the C 10 -C 16 saturated fatty acids and at least some of the C 36+ fatty acid oligomers to yield a quantity of diesel fuel blendstock and C 36+ alkanes; and separating at least some of the diesel fuel blendstock from the C 36+ alkanes.

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Номер записи: 9

17-05-2012 дата публикации

Device and method for controlling the conversion of biomass to biofuel

Номер: US20120117815A1

Автор: James Braig R., Mark Wechsler

Принадлежит: RENEWABLE FUEL TECHNOLOGIES Inc

Embodiments presented herein describe an apparatus and method to control the conversion of carbonaceous materials, particularly biomass and those biomass resources, into a high performance solid fuel. This method, and the apparatus described as the means to accomplish this method, provides a process having a control system that enables the system to produce a fuel of uniform quality, even with a change in biomass supply.

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Номер записи: 10

24-05-2012 дата публикации

Process for Cracking Heavy Hydrocarbon Feed

Номер: US20120125812A1

Автор: Robert S. Bridges, Sellamuthu G. Chellappan

Принадлежит: EQUISTAR CHEMICALS LP

A process for cracking a heavy hydrocarbon feed comprising a vaporization step, a hydroprocessing step, and a steam cracking step is disclosed. The heavy hydrocarbon feed is passed to a first zone of a vaporization unit to separate a first vapor stream and a first liquid stream. The first liquid stream is passed to a second zone of the vaporization unit and contacted intimately with a counter-current steam produce a second vapor stream and a second liquid stream. The first vapor stream and the second vapor stream are cracked in the radiant section of the steam cracker to produce a cracked effluent. The second liquid stream reacted with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst to produce a hydroprocessed product. A liquid hydroprocessed product is fed to the vaporization unit.

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Номер записи: 11

24-05-2012 дата публикации

Process, method, and system for removing heavy metals from fluids

Номер: US20120125816A1

Автор: Darrell Lynn Gallup, Dennis John O'rear, Lyman Young, Sujin Yean

Принадлежит: Chevron USA Inc

Trace element levels of heavy metals in crude oil are reduced by contacting the crude oil with an oxidizing agent, extracting heavy metals into a water phase for subsequent separation from the crude oil. The oxidizing agent is selected from the group of hydroperoxides, organic peroxides, inorganic peracids and salts thereof, organic peracids and salts thereof, and ozone. In one embodiment, the oxidizing agent converts heavy metals into the heavy metal cations in a water-oil emulsion, which can be subsequently separated from the crude oil, for a treated crude oil having reduced levels of heavy metals. In one embodiment, at least a complexing agent can be added to facilitate the removal by forming soluble heavy metal complexes in the water phase.

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Номер записи: 12

24-05-2012 дата публикации

Process, method, and system for removing heavy metals from fluids

Номер: US20120125818A1

Автор: Darrell Lynn Gallup, Dennis John O'rear, Lyman Young, Sujin Yean

Принадлежит: Chevron USA Inc

Trace element levels of heavy metals in crude oil are reduced by contacting the crude oil with an oxidizing agent, converting heavy metals into heavy metal cations for subsequent separation from the crude oil. At least a complexing agent is added to convert the heavy metal cations into soluble heavy metal complexes in a water phase, which can be separated from the crude oil, for a treated crude oil having reduced levels of heavy metals. In one embodiment, the complexing agent is selected from the group of metal halides, and the oxidizing agent is selected from the group of organic peracids, inorganic peracids and salts thereof.

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Номер записи: 13

31-05-2012 дата публикации

High cetane renewable fuels

Номер: US20120132183A1

Автор: Edward T. CASEY, Gary Clyde GUNTER, Matthew J. TRUITT, Thomasin C. Miller

Принадлежит: ConocoPhillips Co

A method for reducing the emissions of a diesel engine using a RHE-diesel fuel.

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Номер записи: 14

31-05-2012 дата публикации

Device for separating fuel components

Номер: US20120132576A1

Автор: George Walchuk, Kouseki Sugiyama, Randall D. Partridge

Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co, Toyota Motor Corp

A device for separating fuel components comprising a separating membrane for separating high-octane fuel components from un-separated fuel and a heat exchanger between first liquid passing through the heat exchanger and second liquid passing through the heat exchanger, is provided. The first liquid is un-separated fuel passing through the heat exchanger before being supplied to the separating membrane. The second liquid is low-octane fuel remaining when the high-octane fuel components are separated from the un-separated fuel, passing through the heat exchanger after changing to an almost liquid phase.

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Номер записи: 15

07-06-2012 дата публикации

Process to produce low sulfur catalytically cracked gasoline without saturation of olefinic compounds

Номер: US20120138510A1

Автор: Ali H. Al-Shareef, Ki-Hyouk Choi, Sameer A. Al-Ghamdi

Принадлежит: Saudi Arabian Oil Co

The invention relates to a process for the desulfurization of a gasoline fraction with high recovery of olefins and reduced loss of Research Octane Number (RON). A petroleum fraction is contacted with hydrogen and a commercially available hydrodesulfurization catalyst under mild conditions with to remove a first portion of the sulfur present, and is then contacted with an adsorbent for the removal of additional sulfur.

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Номер записи: 16

21-06-2012 дата публикации

Increasing fuel smoke point

Номер: US20120152803A1

Автор: Stuart S. Shih

Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co

The present invention relates to processes for increasing smoke point of a fuel. The process can be carried out using an upgrading catalyst that contains at least one noble metal supported on an inorganic, porous crystalline phase material. The catalyst is particularly effective in increasing smoke point, while minimizing reduction in total aromatics content, particularly naphthalene content.

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Номер записи: 17

05-07-2012 дата публикации

Hydroprocessing catalysts and methods for making thereof

Номер: US20120172199A1

Автор: Bruce Edward Reynolds, Joseph V. Nguyen, Julie Chabot, Ling Jiao, Shuwu Yang

Принадлежит: Chevron USA Inc

An improved process to make a slurry catalyst for the upgrade of heavy oil feedstock is provided. In the process, at least a metal precursor feedstock is portioned and fed in any of the stages: the promotion stage; the sulfidation stage; or the transformation stage of a water-based catalyst precursor to a slurry catalyst. In one embodiment, the promoter metal precursor feedstock is split into portions, the first portion is for the sulfiding step, the second portion is for the promotion step; and optionally the third portion is to be added to the transformation step in the mixing of the sulfided promoted catalyst precursor with a hydrocarbon diluent to form the slurry catalyst. In another embodiment, the Primary metal precursor feedstock is split into portions.

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Номер записи: 18

19-07-2012 дата публикации

Method for upgrading heavy hydrocarbon oil

Номер: US20120181216A1

Автор: Oleg Kozyuk, Paul A. Reinking, Peter Reimers

Принадлежит: Arisdyne Systems Inc

A process for upgrading hydrocarbon oil including mixing hydrocarbon oil with hydrogen gas and heating the hydrogen-enriched hydrocarbon oil before passing the oil through a cavitation apparatus to induce hydrotreating. Hydrotreating is achieved by hydrodynamically generating hydrogen-filled cavitation bubbles and collapsing the bubbles in the hydrocarbon oil under static pressure. The hydrotreating process can increase the API gravity of the hydrocarbon oil and reduce the viscosity of the hydrocarbon oil.

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Номер записи: 19

19-07-2012 дата публикации

Process for isomerizing a feed stream including one or more c4-c6 hydrocarbons

Номер: US20120184793A1

Автор: David J. Shecterle

Принадлежит: UOP LLC

One exemplary embodiment can be a process for isomerizing a feed stream including one or more C4-C6 hydrocarbons. The process may include contacting the feed stream in an isomerization reaction zone with an isomerization catalyst at isomerization conditions to produce an isomerization zone effluent; passing at least a portion of the isomerization zone effluent to a stabilizer zone and recovering a stabilizer overhead stream, a bottom stream, and a stripper feed stream; passing the stripper feed stream to a stripping zone and separating the stripper feed stream into a stripper overhead stream and a stripper bottom stream; and recycling at least a portion of the stripper bottom stream to a deisopentanizer zone and passing a stream from the deisopentanizer zone to the isomerization reaction zone. Usually, the stabilizer overhead stream includes one or more C5 − hydrocarbons, the bottom stream includes at least about 85%, by weight, one or more C6 + hydrocarbons, and a stripper feed stream including at least about 10%, by weight, one or more C5 + hydrocarbons. Often, a stripper overhead stream includes at least about 5%, by weight, one or more C4 − hydrocarbons and a stripper bottom stream includes at least about 90%, by weight, one or more C5 + hydrocarbons.

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Номер записи: 20

09-08-2012 дата публикации

Method and systems for making distillate fuels from biomass

Номер: US20120198760A1

Автор: Brice Dally, Paul Blommel, Randy CORTRIGHT, Warren Lyman

Принадлежит: Brice Dally, Paul Blommel, Randy CORTRIGHT, Warren Lyman

The present invention provides methods, reactor systems and catalysts for converting biomass and biomass-derived feedstocks to C 8+ hydrocarbons using heterogenous catalysts. The product stream may be separated and further processed for use in chemical applications, or as a neat fuel or a blending component in jet fuel and diesel fuel, or as heavy oils for lubricant and/or fuel oil applications.

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Номер записи: 21

06-09-2012 дата публикации

Process for producing a gasoline blending component and a middle distillate by adjusting a level of a halide containing additive during alkylation

Номер: US20120226086A1

Автор: Ajit Ramchandra Pradhan, Stephen Joseph Miller, Sven Ivar Hommeltoft

Принадлежит: Chevron USA Inc

A process for producing a gasoline blending component and a middle distillate, comprising adjusting a level of a halide containing additive provided to an ionic liquid alkylation reactor to shift selectivity towards heavier products, and recovering a low volatility gasoline blending component and the middle distillate.

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Номер записи: 22

04-10-2012 дата публикации

Fuels hydrocracking with dewaxing of fuel products

Номер: US20120248008A1

Автор: Michel Daage, Richard Dougherty, Stephen J. Mccarthy, Stuart S. Shih, William J. Novak

Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co

This invention relates to a process involving hydrocracking and dewaxing of a feedstream in which a converted fraction can correspond to a majority of the product from the reaction system, while an unconverted fraction can exhibit improved properties. In this hydrocracking process, it can be advantageous for the yield of unconverted fraction for gasoline fuel application to be controlled to maintain desirable cold flow properties for the unconverted fraction. Catalysts and conditions can be chosen to assist in attaining, or to optimize, desirable product yields and/or properties.

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Номер записи: 23

18-10-2012 дата публикации

Systems and Methods for Refining Corrosive Crudes

Номер: US20120261308A1

Автор: Benjamin Klein, Odette Eng

Принадлежит: Bechtel Hydrocarbon Technology Solutions Inc

Systems and methods for refining conventional crude and heavy, corrosive, contaminant-laden carbonaceous crude (Opportunity Crude) in partially or totally separated streams or trains.

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Номер записи: 24

22-11-2012 дата публикации

Oil and polar additive impregnated composition useful in the catalytic hydroprocessing of hydrocarbons, a method of making such catalyst, and a process of using such catalyst

Номер: US20120295786A1

Автор: Alexei Grigorievich Gabrielov, John Anthony Smegal

Принадлежит: Shell Oil Co

A composition that comprises a support material having incorporated therein a metal component and impregnated with both hydrocarbon oil and a polar additive. The composition that is impregnated with both hydrocarbon oil and polar additive is useful in the hydrotreating of hydrocarbon feedstocks, and it is especially useful in applications involving delayed feed introduction whereby the composition is first treated with hot hydrogen, and, optionally, with a sulfur compound, prior to contacting it with a hydrocarbon feedstock under hydrodesulfurization process conditions.

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Номер записи: 25

03-01-2013 дата публикации

Method for producing monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Номер: US20130006027A1

Автор: Masahide Kobayashi, Shinichiro Yanagawa

Принадлежит: Individual

A method for producing monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of 6 to 8 carbon number from a feedstock oil having a 10 volume % distillation temperature of at least 140° C. and a 90 volume % distillation temperature of not more than 380° C., the method including: a cracking and reforming reaction step of obtaining a product containing monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of 6 to 8 carbon number from the feedstock oil, a refining and collection step of refining and collecting monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of 6 to 8 carbon number that have been separated from the product, a hydrogenation reaction step of hydrogenating a heavy fraction of 9 or more carbon number separated from the product, and a recycling step of returning the heavy fraction hydrogenation reaction product obtained in the hydrogenation reaction step to the cracking and reforming reaction step.

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Номер записи: 26

24-01-2013 дата публикации

Cooling and processing materials

Номер: US20130023020A1

Автор: Marshall Medoff

Принадлежит: Xyleco Inc

Systems and methods for cooling and processing materials are disclosed.

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Номер записи: 27

14-02-2013 дата публикации

Production of chemicals and fuels from biomass

Номер: US20130036660A1

Автор: Elizabeth Woods, John KANIA, Ming Qiao, Paul MYREN, Randy D. Cortright

Принадлежит: Virent Inc

The present invention provides methods, reactor systems, and catalysts for converting in a continuous process biomass to fuels and chemicals. The invention includes methods of converting the water insoluble components of biomass, such as hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin, to volatile C 2+ O 1-2 oxygenates, such as alcohols, ketones, cyclic ethers, esters, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, and mixtures thereof. In certain applications, the volatile C 2+ O 1-2 oxygenates can be collected and used as a final chemical product, or used in downstream processes to produce liquid fuels, chemicals and other products.

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Номер записи: 28

21-02-2013 дата публикации

Upgrading Platform Using Alkali Metals

Номер: US20130043160A1

Автор: John Howard Gordon

Принадлежит: Ceramatec Inc

A process for removing sulfur, nitrogen or metals from an oil feedstock (such as heavy oil, bitumen, shale oil, etc.) The method involves reacting the oil feedstock with an alkali metal and a radical capping substance. The alkali metal reacts with the metal, sulfur or nitrogen content to form one or more inorganic products and the radical capping substance reacts with the carbon and hydrogen content to form a hydrocarbon phase. The inorganic products may then be separated out from the hydrocarbon phase.

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Номер записи: 29

07-03-2013 дата публикации

Catalytical hydrodesulfurization of kerosene in two steps on cobalt-molybdenum catalyst and intermediate stripping

Номер: US20130056391A1

Автор: Alok Sharma, ANAND Kumar, Brijesh Kumar, Rajesh Muralidhar Badhe, Ravinder Kumar Malhotra, Santanam Rajagopal

Принадлежит: Indian Oil Corp Ltd

A process for selective removal of mercaptan from aviation turbine fuel feed includes mixing aviation turbine fuel feed with hydrogen, at a pressure in a range from 3 bar to 20 bar to obtain a reaction mixture. The reaction mixture is heated at a temperature range of 150° C. to 350° C. to obtain a heated mixture. The heated mixture is reacted with a hydrotreating catalyst in a rector to obtain a reactor effluent, and H 2 S gas is stripped from the reactor effluent to obtain a stripper bottom product. Moisture is removed from the stripper bottom product to obtain aviation turbine fuel product having less than 10 ppm mercaptan. The aviation fuel product has improved properties such as color and acidity. Embodiments also relate to an aviation turbine fuel product having less than 10 ppm mercaptan prepared by the described process of the present invention.

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Номер записи: 30

14-03-2013 дата публикации

Hydrotreating of Aromatic-Extracted Hydrocarbon Streams

Номер: US20130062255A1

Автор: Omer Refa Koseoglu

Принадлежит: Saudi Arabian Oil Co

Deep desulfurization of hydrocarbon feeds containing undesired organosulfur compounds to produce a hydrocarbon product having low levels of sulfur, i.e., 15 ppmw or less of sulfur, is achieved by first subjecting the entire feed to an extraction zone to separate an aromatic-rich fraction containing a substantial amount of the aromatic refractory and sterically hindered sulfur-containing compounds and an aromatic-lean fraction containing a substantial amount of the labile sulfur-containing compounds. The aromatic-rich fraction is contacted with isomerization catalyst, and the isomerized aromatic-rich fraction and the aromatic-lean fraction are combined and contacted with a hydrotreating catalyst in a hydrodesulfurization reaction zone operating under mild conditions to reduce the quantity of organosulfur compounds to an ultra-low level.

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Номер записи: 31

14-03-2013 дата публикации

Integrated Isomerization and Hydrotreating Process

Номер: US20130062257A1

Автор: Omer Refa Koseoglu

Принадлежит: Saudi Arabian Oil Co

Deep desulfurization of hydrocarbon feeds containing undesired organosulfur compounds to produce a hydrocarbon product having low levels of sulfur, i.e., 15 ppmw or less of sulfur, is achieved by flashing the feed at a target cut point temperature to obtain two fractions. A low boiling temperature fraction contains refractory, sterically hindered sulfur-containing compounds, which have a boiling point at or above the target cut point temperature. A high boiling temperature fraction, having a boiling point below the target cut point temperature, is substantially free of refractory sulfur-containing compounds. The high boiling temperature fraction is contacted with isomerization catalyst, and the isomerized effluent and the low boiling temperature fraction are combined and contacted with a hydrotreating catalyst in a hydrodesulfurization reaction zone operating under mild conditions to reduce the quantity of organosulfur compounds to an ultra-low level.

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Номер записи: 32

04-04-2013 дата публикации

Method for the hydroconversion of oil feedstocks using slurry technology, allowing the recovery of metals from the catalyst and the feedstock, comprising an extraction step

Номер: US20130081976A1

Автор: Alain Quignard, Frederic Morel, Jean-Philippe Heraud

Принадлежит: IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN

A process for the hydroconversion of heavy oil feedstocks comprises a step for hydroconversion of the feedstock in at least one reactor containing a catalyst in slurry mode used to recover metals from the residual unconverted fraction, especially those used as catalysts. The process comprises a hydroconversion step, a gas/liquid separation step, at least one liquid/liquid extraction step, a combustion step, a metals extraction step and a step for the preparation of catalytic solutions which are recycled to the hydroconversion step.

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Номер записи: 33

25-04-2013 дата публикации

Hydrocracking process with interstage steam stripping

Номер: US20130098802A1

Автор: Ali H. Al-Abdul'al, Koji Nakano, Masaru Ushio, Omer Refa Koseoglu

Принадлежит: Individual

In a hydrocracking process, the product from the first stage reactor passes through a steam stripper to remove hydrogen, H 2 S, NH 3 , light gases (C 1 -C 4 ), naphtha and diesel products. The stripper bottoms are separated from hydrogen, H 2 S, NH 3 , light gases (C 1 -C 4 ), naphtha, and diesel products and treated in a second stage reactor. The effluent stream from the second stage reactor, along with the stream of separated hydrogen, H 2 S, NH 3 , light gases (C 1 -C 4 ), naphtha, and diesel products, are passed to a separation stage for separating petroleum fractions. Preferably, the effluent stream from the first stage reactor is passed through a steam generator prior to the steam stripping step. In an alternate embodiment, the effluent stream from the first stage reactor is passed through a vapor/liquid separator stripper vessel prior to the steam stripping step.

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Номер записи: 34

02-05-2013 дата публикации

Method for upgrading an oil, a fuel product and a hydrocarbon product fraction

Номер: US20130105356A1

Автор: Arjen Nieuwhof, Ivo Johannes DIJS, Johannes Pieter HAAN, Karin BUS

Принадлежит: Shell Oil Co

Pyrolysis oil is upgraded by evaporating water from a mixture of the pyrolysis oil and a hydrocarbon having an atmospheric boiling point of at least 130° C. The method yields a de-watered pyrolysis oil mixture.

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Номер записи: 35

02-05-2013 дата публикации

Processes and systems for converting synthesis gas to liquid hydrocarbon product

Номер: US20130109768A1

Автор: Anne HELGESON, Charles L. Kibby, Christine M. PHILIPS, David W. Parham, Gordon R. DEPPE, Kandaswamy Jothimurugesan, Richard SASSON, Robert J. Saxton, Scott Oliver, Tapan K. Das

Принадлежит: Chevron USA Inc

Processes and systems are provided for converting synthesis gas containing a mixture of H 2 and CO to liquid hydrocarbon products having a cloud point less than about 15° C. The systems utilize at least one Fischer-Tropsch reactor containing hybrid Fischer-Tropsch catalyst with cooling and separation of reactor effluent following each reactor. The low cloud point indicates that the amount of wax in the hydrocarbon products is minimized relative to conventional Fischer-Tropsch conversion. Accordingly, more economical systems can be built and operated because equipment associated with wax removal or wax treatment can be reduced or eliminated.

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Номер записи: 36

09-05-2013 дата публикации

Production of low cloud point distillates

Номер: US20130112594A1

Автор: Berne K. Stober, Stuart S. Shih

Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co

Systems and methods are provided for producing at least one low sulfur distillate fuel product with improved low temperature properties. A potential distillate fuel feed is initially hydrotreated to reduce sulfur and nitrogen levels in the feed to desired amounts. The hydrotreated effluent is then fractionated to form several fractions, including a light diesel/distillate fraction and a heavy diesel fraction. The heavy diesel fraction is then dewaxed to improve the cold flow properties of the heavy diesel fraction. The dewaxed heavy diesel fraction can be combined with the light diesel fraction, or the dewaxed heavy diesel fraction can be fractionated as well. Optionally, the heavy diesel fraction is dewaxed under conditions effective for producing a dewaxed fraction with a cloud point that is less than or equal to the cloud point of the light diesel/distillate fraction.

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Номер записи: 37

16-05-2013 дата публикации

Pretreatment of fcc naphthas and selective hydrotreating

Номер: US20130118952A1

Автор: John Peter Greeley, Rohit Garg, Timothy Lee Hilbert, William Joseph Novak

Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co

This invention provides methods for multi-stage hydroprocessing treatment of FCC naphthas for improving the overall production quantity of naphtha boiling-range materials during naphtha production for low sulfur gasolines. Of particular benefit of the present processes is the selective treating of cat naphthas to remove gums instead of undercutting the overall naphtha pool by lowering the end cutpoints of the cat naphtha fraction. This maximizes the amount of refinery cat naphtha that can be directed to the gasoline blending pool while eliminating existing processing problems in hydrodesulfurization units. The processes disclosed herein have the additional benefit of minimizing octane losses in the increased naphtha pool volume.

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Номер записи: 38

06-06-2013 дата публикации

Process for hydrocracking a hydrocarbon feed in the presence of a sulphide catalyst prepared using a cyclic oligosaccharide

Номер: US20130140215A1

Автор: Audrey Bonduelle, Fabrice Diehl

Принадлежит: IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN

Hydrocracking a hydrocarbon feed in the presence of a catalyst comprising an acidic support and an active phase formed from at least one metal from group VIII and at least one metal from group VIB, said catalyst being prepared using a process comprising, in succession: contacting a pre-catalyst comprising said metal from group VIII, said metal from group VIB and said acidic support with a cyclic oligosaccharide of at least 6α-(1,4)-bonded glucopyranose subunits; contacting the acidic support with a solution containing a precursor of metal from group VIII, a precursor of said metal from group VIB and a cyclic oligosaccharide of at least 6α-(1,4)-bonded glucopyranose subunits; and contacting acidic support with a cyclic oligosaccharide of at least 6α-(1,4)-bonded glucopyranose subunits followed by a second contacting acidic solid with a precursor of metal from group VIII and a precursor of metal from group VIB; drying; heat treatment; sulphurization.

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Номер записи: 39

06-06-2013 дата публикации

Renewable gas oil derived from biomass

Номер: US20130144094A1

Автор: Alexandru Platon, Brian C. Dunn, Edgar LOTERO, Kristi A. Fjare, Leendert Arie Gerritsen, Ronald E. Brown, Sourabh S. Pansare, Stephen Marshall

Принадлежит: Phillips 66 Co

A single pass direct conversion of biomass derived oxygenates to longer chain hydrocarbons is described. The longer chain hydrocarbons include higher naphthene content which is quite useful in the distillate range fuels or more particularly, the jet and diesel range fuels. Naphthenes help the biomass derived hydrocarbons meet product specifications for jet and diesel while really helping cold flow properties.

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Номер записи: 40

27-06-2013 дата публикации

Processing of Dielectric Fluids with Mobile Charge Carriers

Номер: US20130161232A1

Автор: David A. Staack, Robert P. Geiger

Принадлежит: TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY SYSTEM

Provided herewith is a novel method of controllably processing a dielectric fluid by creating discharges within the dielectric fluid from mobile charge carriers contained within the dielectric fluid. Generally, the dielectric fluid and the mobile charge carriers are between two electrodes which apply a voltage to the charge carriers. In one embodiment, the dielectric fluid is a hydrocarbon fluid such as a heavy crude oil or a fuel. In one embodiment the charge carrier comprises water droplets. In another embodiment, the mobile charge carriers are metallic balls. In both instances the discharges initiate from the mobile charge carriers.

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Номер записи: 41

18-07-2013 дата публикации

Hydrocarbon feedstock average molecular weight increase

Номер: US20130180884A1

Автор: Cyril Revault, Delphine Minoux

Принадлежит: Total Raffinage Marketing SA

The invention deals with hydrocarbon feedstock molecular weight increase via olefin oligomerization and/or olefin alkylation onto aromatic rings. Addition of a purification section allows improved unit working time and lower maintenance.

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Номер записи: 42

25-07-2013 дата публикации

Process for hydrotreating a hydrocarbon cut with a boiling point of more than 250°c in the presence of a sulphide catalyst prepared using a cyclic oligosaccharide

Номер: US20130186806A1

Автор: Bertrand Guichard, Elodie Devers, Fabrice Diehl, Karin Marchand

Принадлежит: IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN

Preparation of a catalyst having at least one metal from group VIII, at least one metal from group VIB and at least one support; in succession: i) one of i1) contacting a pre-catalyst with metal from group VIII, metal from group VIB and support with a cyclic oligosaccharide naming at least 6 α-(1,4)-bonded glucopyranose subunits; i2) contacting support with a solution containing a precursor of metal from group VIII, a precursor of said metal from group VIB and a cyclic oligosaccharide composed of at least 6 α-(1,4)-bonded glucopyranose subunits; or i3) contacting support with a cyclic oligosaccharide composed of at least 6 α-(1,4)-bonded glucopyranose subunits followed by contacting solid derived therefrom with a precursor of metal from group VIII and a precursor of metal from group VIB.

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Номер записи: 43

05-09-2013 дата публикации

Integrated hydrotreating and steam pyrolysis process including hydrogen redistribution for direct processing of a crude oil

Номер: US20130228495A1

Автор: Abdennour Bourane, Abdul Rahman Zafer AKHRAS, Ibrahim A. ABBA, Raheel Shafi

Принадлежит: Saudi Arabian Oil Co

Steam pyrolysis and hydroprocessing are integrated including hydrogen redistribution to permit direct processing of crude oil feedstocks to produce petrochemicals including olefins and aromatics. A feed is initially split into a light portion and a heavy portion, and the heavy portion is hydroprocessed. A hydroprocessed effluent is charged, along with steam, to a convection section of a steam pyrolysis zone. The mixture is heated and passed to a vapor-liquid separation section. A residual portion is removed and light components are charged to a pyrolysis section of the steam pyrolysis zone. A mixed product stream is recovered from the steam pyrolysis zone and it is separated into product including olefins and aromatics.

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Номер записи: 44

19-09-2013 дата публикации

Process unit for flexible production of alkylate gasoline and distillate

Номер: US20130243672A1

Автор: Howard Steven Lacheen, Hye Kyung Cho Timken, Shawn Shlomo Winter, Sven Ivar Hommeltoft

Принадлежит: Chevron USA Inc

A process unit, comprising: a) an alkylation reactor; and b) a control system that enables the alkylation reactor to be operated in an alkylate mode and in a distillate mode; wherein the alkylation reactor can switch back and forth from operating in the alkylate mode to the distillate mode.

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Номер записи: 45

10-10-2013 дата публикации

Catalyst for producing monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and production method of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Номер: US20130267749A1

Автор: Masahide Kobayashi, Shinichiro Yanagawa, Yasuyuki Iwasa

Принадлежит: JX Nippon Oil and Energy Corp

The catalyst for producing monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is for producing monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons having 6 to 8 carbon number from oil feedstock having a 10 volume % distillation temperature of 140° C. or higher and a 90 volume % distillation temperature of 380° C. or lower. The catalyst includes crystalline aluminosilicate, phosphorus, and a binder, and the amount of phosphorus is 0.1 to 10 mass % based on the total mass of the catalyst.

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Номер записи: 46

31-10-2013 дата публикации

Catalyst for producing monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and production method of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

Номер: US20130289325A1

Автор: Masahide Kobayashi, Ryoji Ida, Shinichiro Yanagawa, Yasuyuki Iwasa

Принадлежит: JX Nippon Oil and Energy Corp

The catalyst for producing aromatic hydrocarbon is for producing monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon having 6 to 8 carbon number from oil feedstock having a 10 volume % distillation temperature of 140° C. or higher and a 90 volume % distillation temperature of 380° C. or lower and contains crystalline aluminosilicate and phosphorus. A molar ratio (P/Al ratio) between phosphorus contained in the crystalline aluminosilicate and aluminum of the crystalline aluminosilicate is from 0.1 to 1.0. The production method of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is a method of bringing oil feedstock having a 10 volume % distillation temperature of 140° C. or higher and a 90 volume % distillation temperature of 380° C. or lower into contact with the catalyst for producing monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.

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Номер записи: 47

28-11-2013 дата публикации

Method and apparatus for obtaining heavy oil samples from a reservoir sample

Номер: US20130312543A1

Автор: Barry Bennett, Chunqing (Dennis) Jiang, Ian Donald Gates, Jennifer Jane Adams, Kimberley Jane Noke, Lloyd Ross Snowdon, Stephen Richard Larter, Thomas Bernhard Paul Oldenburg

Принадлежит: Gushor Inc

The invention relates to an apparatus and method to obtain a bitumen or heavy oil sample from an oil reservoir sample, such as a core sample, to enable measurement of physical properties such as viscosity, API gravity, or chemical properties such as sulphur content of the obtained bitumen or heavy oil sample. The analyses performed on the samples obtained in accordance with the invention are effective in assisting oil field operators in making timely drilling and production decisions at the oil reservoir or for routine laboratory extraction of oils and bitumens. The invention also permits the collection of samples from simulated thermal recovery operations and also allows the collection of bitumens and oils for online analysis of live oil physical properties.

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Номер записи: 48

26-12-2013 дата публикации

Novel fuel compositions and methods for making same

Номер: US20130340323A1

Автор: Aldo Roccaro, David Lawrence Stern, Paul William Bessonette, Salvatore R. Di Mauro

Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co

This invention relates to low sulfur marine/bunker fuel compositions and methods of making same. Contrary to conventional marine/bunker fuel compositions/methods, the inventive lower sulfur compositions/methods focus on use of mostly uncracked components, such as (cat feed) hydrotreated gasoils, and/or can also have reduced contents of residual components.

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Номер записи: 49

09-01-2014 дата публикации

Method for producing monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Номер: US20140012055A1

Автор: Masahide Kobayashi, Ryoji Ida, Shinichiro Yanagawa, Yasuyuki Iwasa

Принадлежит: JX Nippon Oil and Energy Corp

A method of producing monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons includes bringing a light feedstock oil having a 10 vol % distillation temperature of 140° C. to 205° C. and a 90 vol % distillation temperature of 300° C. or lower, which has been prepared from a feedstock oil having a 10 vol % distillation temperature of 140° C. or higher and a 90 vol % distillation temperature of 380° C. or lower, into contact with a catalyst for monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon production containing a crystalline aluminosilicate, in which a content ratio of monocyclic naphthenobenzenes in the light feedstock oil is adjusted by distillation of the feedstock oil such that the content ratio of monocyclic naphthenobenzenes in the light feedstock oil is higher than a content ratio of monocyclic naphthenobenzenes in the feedstock oil.

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Номер записи: 50

23-01-2014 дата публикации

Method of producing monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Номер: US20140024871A1

Автор: Masahide Kobayashi, Ryoji Ida, Shinichiro Yanagawa, Yasuyuki Iwasa

Принадлежит: JX Nippon Oil and Energy Corp

A method of producing monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons includes bringing a feedstock oil having a 10 vol % distillation temperature of 140° C. or higher and a 90 vol % distillation temperature of 380° C. or lower, into contact with a catalyst for monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon production containing a crystalline aluminosilicate, in which a content ratio of monocyclic naphthenobenzenes in the feedstock oil is adjusted to 10 mass % to 90 mass %, by mixing a hydrocarbon oil A having a 10 vol % distillation temperature of 140° C. or higher and a 90 vol % distillation temperature of 380° C. or lower with a hydrocarbon oil B containing more monocyclic naphthenobenzenes than the hydrocarbon oil A.

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Номер записи: 51

06-02-2014 дата публикации

Extracted conjunct polymer naphtha

Номер: US20140039230A1

Автор: Donald Henry Mohr, Douglas Robert Cyr, Huping Luo, Hye Kyung Cho Timken, Izadyar Dalvand, Michael Sean Driver, Michael Tung-hai Cheng, Shawn Shlomo Winter

Принадлежит: Chevron USA Inc

We provide an extracted conjunct polymer naphtha ( 45 ), comprising a hydrogenated conjunct polymer naphtha, from a used ionic liquid catalyst, having a final boiling point less than 246° C. (475° F.), a Bromine Number of 5 or less, and at least 30 wt % naphthenes. We also provide a blended alkylate gasoline ( 97 ) comprising the extracted conjunct polymer naphtha ( 45 ), and integrated alkylation processes to make the extracted conjunct polymer naphtha ( 45 ) and the blended alkylate gasoline ( 97 ). We also provide a method to analyze alkylate products, by determining an amount of methylcyclohexane in the alkylate products ( 80 ).

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Номер записи: 52

13-02-2014 дата публикации

Method and systems for isolation and/or separation of products from production processes

Номер: US20140045236A1

Автор: James Kacmar, Jason Bell, Kim Davis, Todd Benson

Принадлежит: SMARTFLOW TECHNOLOGIES Inc

The present invention relates to separation of desired target products from biological, plant, and waste-type material, wherein the desired target products include renewable fuels such as ethanol, biobutanol, and biodiesel, wherein the separation is conducted with a cross-flow filtration system having the ability to separate desired products from both non-viscous and viscous medium.

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Номер записи: 53

13-02-2014 дата публикации

Process for the Production of Hydrocarbons for Fuels, Solvents, and Other Hydrocarbon Products

Номер: US20140046101A1

Автор: Gregory Dicosola, Paul Ratnasamy, Sanjay Wagle

Принадлежит: University of Louisville Research Foundation ULRF

Catalytic processes for converting carboxylic acids obtained from biomass and other natural or industrial sources into paraffinic or olefinic hydrocarbons through decarboxylation, along with products formed from such hydrocarbons, in which the carbon chain length, the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12, and the ratio of odd number to even number of carbons in the chain are among factors which are indicative or otherwise useful for the detection of hydrocarbons formed by undergoing the claimed processes.

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Номер записи: 54

27-02-2014 дата публикации

Systems and Methods for the Devolatilization of Thermally Produced Liquids

Номер: US20140053456A1

Автор: Barry A. Freel, Doug Clarke, Geoffrey Hopkins

Принадлежит: Ensyn Renewables Inc

Methods and systems for the devolatilization of thermally produced liquids to raise the flash point are disclosed. Various methods and apparatus can be used to effectively reduce the volatile components, such as wiped film evaporator, falling film evaporator, flash column, packed column, devolatilization vessel or tank.

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Номер записи: 55

27-02-2014 дата публикации

Cold flow response of diesel fuels

Номер: US20140053459A1

Автор: Delanie Lamprecht, Stefan De Goede, Vivien Louise Van Zyl

Принадлежит: Sasol Technology Pty Ltd

The invention provides a blend of FT derived diesel, crude derived diesel, and CFPP improving additive, wherein the FT diesel is from 1 vol % to 50 vol % of the blend, said blend having a CFPP of below −18° C. The invention extends to use of FT diesel as a blend component for a compression ignition fuel blend, said blend including the FT diesel, a crude derived diesel fuel and a CFPP improver additive, wherein the FT diesel is from 1 vol % to 50 vol % of the blend, which blend has a CFPP of below −20° C.

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Номер записи: 56

10-04-2014 дата публикации

Engine worthy fatty acid methyl ester (biodiesel) from naturally occuring marine microalgal mats and marine microalgae cultured in open salt pans together with value addition of co-products

Номер: US20140099684A1

Автор: Abhishek Sahu, Anupama Vijaykumar Shrivastav, Arup Ghosh, Chetan PALIWAL, Deepti Jain, Hetal BOSAMIYA, Imran Pancha, Krushnadevsinh ZALA, Mahesh Ramniklal Gandhi, Pushpito Kumar Ghosh, Rachapudi Badari Narayana Prasad, Rahul Kumar MAURYA, Sandhya Chandrika Prasad Mishra, Sanjit Kanjilal, Sanjiv Kumar Mishra, Shailesh Kumar Paditar, Sourish BHATTACHARYA, Subarna MAITI, Sumesh Chandra Upadhyay, Tonmoy GHOSH

Принадлежит: Council of Scientific and Industrial Research CSIR

The invention teaches the obtained specifications and process of production of engine worthy marine microalgal fatty acid methyl ester (biodiesel) using naturally occurring marine microalgal mats and also marine microalgae cultivated in cost-effective manner in solar salt pans. Utility of co-product streams adds to the attractiveness of the invention.

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Номер записи: 57

04-01-2018 дата публикации

PROCESS TO PREPARE PARAFFIN WAX

Номер: US20180002618A1

Автор: Hoek Arend, MAJUMDER Kaushik, ROOVERS Antonius Adrianus Maria

Принадлежит:

The present invention provides a paraffin wax having a congealing point according to ASTM D938 of at least 75° C. and a Saybolt colour according to ASTM D156 of at least 25 cm. 1. A paraffin wax having a congealing point according to ASTM D938 of at least 75° C. and a Saybolt colour according to ASTM D156 of at least 25 cm.2. A paraffin wax according to claim 1 , having a congealing point according to ASTM D938 in the range of from 75 to 85° C.3. A paraffin wax according to claim 1 , having a congealing point according to ASTM D938 of at least 80° C.4. A paraffin wax according to claim 1 , having a Saybolt colour according to ASTM D156 of at least 30 cm.5. A paraffin wax according to claim 1 , having an oil content according to ASTM D721 of less than 0.5 wt. %.6. A paraffin wax according to claim 1 , wherein the paraffin wax is a Fischer-Tropsch derived paraffin wax.7. A process to prepare a Fischer-Tropsch derived paraffin wax claim 1 , the process at least comprising the following steps:(a) providing a Fischer-Tropsch product stream comprising paraffins having from 10 to 300 carbon atoms;(b) separating the Fischer-Tropsch product stream of step (a), thereby obtaining at least a fraction comprising 10 to 17 carbon atoms and a fraction comprising 18 to 300 carbon atoms;(c) subjecting the fraction comprising 18 to 300 carbon atoms of step (b) to a hydrogenation step, thereby obtaining a hydrogenated fraction comprising 18 to 300 carbon atoms;(d) separating the hydrogenated fraction comprising 18 to 300 carbon atoms of step (c), thereby obtaining one or more first light waxes having a congealing point in the range of 30 to 75° C. and a second heavy wax having a congealing point according to ASTM D938 in the range of 75 to 120° C.;(e) separating the heavy wax of step (d) to obtain a distillate wax fraction having a congealing point of at least 75° C.;(f) hydrofinishing the distillate wax fraction of step (e) thereby obtaining a hydrofinished wax fraction having a ...

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Номер записи: 58

02-01-2020 дата публикации

Production Processes, Systems, Methods, and Apparatuses

Номер: US20200002621A1

Автор: Osterloh James D., Spitzauer Michael P.

Принадлежит: GPI PATENT HOLDING LLC

The present disclosure provides production processes that can include exposing a carbon-based material to liquid media to form hydrocarbon fuel. Waste to fuel conversion processes as well as waste material processing reactors are provided that can be configured to convert waste to fuel. Heat exchangers, power generation processes and combustion turbine exhaust apparatus are also provided. Fuel generation processes and generation systems are provided. Reaction media conduit systems as well as processes for servicing reactant media pumps coupled to both inlet and outlet conduits containing reactant media, are also provided. 110-. (canceled)11. A fuel generation system comprising:a reactor configured to house a liquid reaction media and receive solid carbon based material;a distillation apparatus coupled to the reactor and configured to receive gaseous hydrocarbon fuel from the reactor; anda combustion turbine coupled to the distillation apparatus and configured to receive distillate portions from the distillation apparatus.12. The system of further comprising a conveyor apparatus associated with reactor claim 11 , the conveyor apparatus configured to convey material to a receiving portion of the apparatus.13. The system of further comprising a heat exchanger coupled to the reactor claim 11 , the heat exchanger configured to heat the liquid reaction media by providing heat from a heat exchanger fluid.14. The system of wherein the heat exchanger is coupled to the combustion turbine.15. The system of wherein at least a portion of the heat exchanger fluid of the heat exchanger circulates within an exhaust apparatus of the combustion turbine.16. The system of wherein the reactor comprises a media circulating conduit configured to circulate the liquid reaction media.17. The system of wherein conduit comprises a fluid pump claim 16 , the conduit further configured to have the fluid pump removed from the conduit while maintaining substantially all the fluid within the conduit ...

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Номер записи: 59

02-01-2020 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ISOPARAFFINIC FLUIDS WITH LOW AROMATICS CONTENT

Номер: US20200002626A1

Автор: DUPUY Carole, LE LANNIC DROMARD Katell

Принадлежит: TOTAL MARKETING SERVICES

The invention provides a process for preparing a fluid having a boiling point in the range of from 150 to 260° C. and comprising more than 80% by weight of isoparaffins and less than 50 ppm of aromatics, comprising the step of catalytically hydrogenating a feed comprising more than 85% by weight of oligomerized olefins, at a temperature from 115 to 195° C. and at a pressure from 30 to 70 bars. The invention also provides the fluid obtainable by the process of the invention and the use of said fluid. 116.-. (canceled)17. A method for the preparation of a fluid having a boiling point in the range of from 150 to 260° C. and comprising more than 80% by weight of isoparaffins and less than 50 ppm of aromatics , comprising the step of catalytically hydrogenating a feed comprising more than 85% by weight of oligomerized olefins , at a temperature from 115 to 195° C. and at a pressure from 30 to 70 bars.18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the method comprises three hydrogenation stages.19. The method of claim 17 , wherein the hydrogenation conditions are the following:Pressure: 40 to 60 bars;Temperature: 125 to 185° C.;{'sup': '−1', 'Liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV): 0.1 to 3 hr;'}{'sup': '3', 'Hydrogen treat rate: 50 to 300 Nm/ton of feed.'}20. The method of claim 17 , wherein the feed comprises more than 90% by weight of oligomerized olefins.21. The method of claim 17 , wherein the oligomerized olefinic feed is selected from the group consisting of: trimeric butene claim 17 , and tetrameric propylene cuts.22. The method of claim 17 , wherein the oligomerized olefinic feed comprises a majority of C12 olefins.23. The method of claim 17 , wherein the method comprises (i) a fractionating step carried out before the hydrogenating step claim 17 , or after the hydrogenating step or both claim 17 , or (ii) the method comprises three hydrogenation stages claim 17 , or (iii) both (i) and (ii).24. The method of claim 17 , wherein the fluid has a boiling point in the range of ...

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Номер записи: 60

02-01-2020 дата публикации

Supercritical Water Separation Process

Номер: US20200002629A1

Автор: Coppola Edward N., JR. Charles, Nana Sanjay, Pelt Kenneth D., Red, Wahlgren Jocelyn Marie

Принадлежит:

A supercritical water separation process and system is disclosed for the removal of metals, minerals, particulate, asphaltenes, and resins from a contaminated organic material. The present invention takes advantage of the physical and chemical properties of supercritical water to effect the desired separation of contaminants from organic materials and permit scale-up. At a temperature and pressure above the critical point of water (374° C., 22.1 MPa), nonpolar organic compounds become miscible in supercritical water (SCW) and polar compounds and asphaltenes become immiscible. The process and system disclosed continuously separates immiscible contaminants and solids from the supercritical water and clean oil product solution. The present invention creates a density gradient that enables over 95% recovery of clean oil and over 99% reduction of contaminants such as asphaltenes and particulate matter depending on the properties of the contaminated organic material. 1. A process for treating a feedstock comprising:delivering a feedstock and supercritical water into a hydrothermal separation vessel, said hydrothermal separation vessel including an upper separation zone, a mid-level mixing zone, and a bottom concentration zone, wherein the feedstock and supercritical water are fed separately into the mixing zone to form a mixture, said mixing zone providing sufficient shear and mixing to cause dissolution of any soluble components of the feedstock into the supercritical water;maintaining a temperature and pressure within the hydrothermal separation vessel to achieve a vertical density gradient therein such that the separation zone exhibits a lower density than the concentration zone to form a product stream and a stream containing insoluble components; andremoving the product stream from the separation zone and the stream containing insoluble components from the concentration zone.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein any components present in the feedstock that are ...

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Номер записи: 61

03-01-2019 дата публикации

Chemical Rejuvenation Process to Permanently Increase the API Gravity of Crude Oil and Bitumen

Номер: US20190002770A1

Автор: Zuckerman Mathew

Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a method of increasing the American Petroleum Institute (API) gravity of feedstocks by reacting one or more mono-cyclic ether solvents such as oxolane with the asphaltene resident in bitumen or crude oils, at an ambient or elevated temperature, and at ambient or elevated pressure, to increase the API gravity and the economic value of the bitumen or crude oil, and a method for in situ manufacturing a mono-cyclic ether, oxolane, to rejuvenate bitumen or heavy crude oils into their younger lighter crude oils by blending methyl linoleate and methanol in a ratio; heating to produce oxolane; and contacting the oxolane as a solvent with the asphaltene resident in bitumen and heavy crude oils to release not only aromatic compounds, represented by toluene, but also the paraffinic alkanes, represented by n-heptane, making the feedstocks ready for extraction, separation of sand, pipeline transport and refining. 1. A method of increasing the American Petroleum Institute (API) gravity of feedstocks by reacting one or more mono-cyclic ether solvents with the asphaltene resident in bitumen or crude oils , at an ambient or elevated temperature to increase the API gravity and the economic value of the bitumen or crude oil.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more mono-cyclic ether solvents are selected from the group consisting of oxirane claim 1 , oxetane claim 1 , oxolane and oxane.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the method is to release light aromatic and alkane fractions that are trapped behind resin in the asphaltene.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the method is to transform heavier crude oil into lighter crude oil with higher API gravity than that of heavy crude oil claim 1 , and wherein the light crude oil is ready for transporting and refining without the added cost and complexity of blending other light crude oils or distillates.5. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the mono-cyclic ether solvent is ...

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Номер записи: 62

03-01-2019 дата публикации

Multi-Stage Process and Device for Distributive Production of a Low Sulfur Heavy Marine Fuel Oil

Номер: US20190002772A1

Автор: Klussmann Bertrand Ray, Moore Michael Joseph, White Carter James

Принадлежит: Magēmā Technology, LLC

A multi-stage process for the distributive production of an ISO8217 compliant Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil from ISO 8217 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil involving a core desulfurizing process that is distributed in a Reaction System composed of multiple reaction vessels. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil has a sulfur level has a maximum sulfur content (ISO 14596 or ISO 8754) between the range of 0.05 mass % to 1.0 mass. A process plant for conducting the process for conducting the distributive process is disclosed that can utilize a modular reactor vessel contained within a frame work based on ISO 40 foot or ISO 20 foot container dimensions. 1. A process for the distributive production of a Heavy Marine Fuel Oil , the process comprising: mixing a quantity of Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil with a quantity of Activating Gas mixture to give a Feedstock Mixture; contacting the Feedstock Mixture with one or more catalysts under reactive conditions in a Reaction System to form a Process Mixture from said Feedstock Mixture; receiving said Process Mixture and separating the liquid components of the Process Mixture from the bulk gaseous components of the Process Mixture; subsequently separating any residual gaseous components and by-product hydrocarbon components from the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil; and , discharging the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil; wherein the Reaction System comprises two or more reactor vessels wherein said reactor vessels are configured in a matrix of at least 2 reactors by 2 reactors.2. The process of wherein the Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil complies with ISO 8217 (2017) and has a sulfur content (ISO 14596 or ISO 8754) between the range of 5.0 mass % to 1.0 mass % and wherein the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil complies with ISO 8217 (2017) and has a sulfur content (ISO 14596 or ISO 8754) between the range of 0.50 mass % to 0.05 mass %.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein said Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil has: a maximum of kinematic ...

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Номер записи: 63

03-01-2019 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR PREPARING A BASE OIL HAVING A REDUCED CLOUD POINT

Номер: US20190002773A1

Автор: CREYGHTON Edward Julius, DE JONGE Diederik, Kieffer Eduard Philip, RENKEMA Duurt

Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a process for preparing a residual base oil from a hydrocarbon feed which is derived from a Fischer-Tropsch process, the process comprises the steps of: (a) providing a hydrocarbon feed which is derived from a Fischer-Tropsch process; (b) subjecting the hydrocarbon feed of step (a) to a hydrocracking/hydroisomerisation step to obtain an at least partially isomerised product; (c) separating at least part of the at least partially isomerised product as obtained in step (b) into one or more lower boiling fractions and a hydrowax residue fraction; (d) catalytic dewaxing of the hydrowax residue fraction of step (c) to obtain a highly isomerised product; (e) separating the highly isomerised product of step (d) into one or more light fractions and a isomerised residual fraction; (f) mixing of the isomerised residual fraction of step (e) with a diluent to obtain a diluted isomerised residual fraction; (g) cooling the diluted isomerised residual fraction of step (f) to a temperature between 0° C. and −60° C.; (i) subjecting the mixture of step (g) to a centrifuging step at a temperature between 0° C. and −60° C. to isolate the wax from the diluted isomerised residual fraction; (j) separating the diluent from the diluted isomerised residual fraction to obtain a residual base oil. 1. A process for preparing a residual base oil from a hydrocarbon feed which is derived from a Fischer-Tropsch process , the process comprising the steps of:(a) providing a hydrocarbon feed which is derived from a Fischer-Tropsch process;(b) subjecting the hydrocarbon feed of step (a) to a hydrocracking/hydroisomerisation step to obtain an at least partially isomerised product;(c) separating at least part of the at least partially isomerised product as obtained in step (b) into one or more lower boiling fractions and a hydrowax residue fraction;(d) catalytic dewaxing of the hydrowax residue fraction of step (c) to obtain a highly isomerised product;(e) separating the ...

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Номер записи: 64

03-01-2019 дата публикации

RESIDUAL BASE OIL

Номер: US20190002774A1

Автор: CREYGHTON Edward Julius, ROMANUKA Julija

Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a Fischer-Tropsch derived residual base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. according to ASTM D445 in the range of from 15 to 35 mm/s, an average number of carbon atoms per molecule Fischer-Tropsch derived residual base oil according to C-NMR in a range of from 25 to 50. 1. A Fischer-Tropsch derived residual base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. in the range of from 15 to 35 mm/s according to ASTM D445 , an average number of carbon atoms per molecule Fischer-Tropsch derived residual base oil according to C-NMR in a range of from 25 to 50.2. The Fischer-Tropsch derived residual base oil according to claim 1 , having an average number of carbon atoms per molecule Fischer-Tropsch derived residual base oil according to C-NMR of from 30 to 45 carbon atoms.3. The Fischer-Tropsch derived residual base oil according to claim 1 , having an average number of carbon atoms per molecule Fischer-Tropsch derived residual base oil according to C-NMR of from 31 to 45 carbon atoms.4. The Fischer-Tropsch derived residual base oil according to claim 1 , having an average number of carbons in the non-branched segment according to C-NMR of less than 14 carbon atoms.5. The Fischer-Tropsch derived residual base oil according to claim 1 , having an average number of branches normalized for a molecule of 50 carbon atoms in according to 13 C-NMR of at least 3.5.6. The Fischer-Tropsch derived residual base oil according to claim 1 , having a T10 wt. % recovery point in the range of from 470 to 590° C. claim 1 , a T50 wt. % recovery point in the range of from 550 to 710° C. claim 1 , a T80 wt. % recovery point of at least 630° C. and a T90 wt. % recovery point of at least 700° C. as measured with ASTM D7169.7. The Fischer-Tropsch derived residual base oil according claim 1 , having a pour point of less than −10 as measured according to ASTM D97.8. The Fischer-Tropsch derived residual base oil according to claim 1 , having a cloud point of ...

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Номер записи: 65

01-01-2015 дата публикации

Process and apparatus for producing diesel

Номер: US20150004072A1

Автор: Clayton C. Sadler, Peter Kokayeff, Vasant P. Thakkar

Принадлежит: UOP LLC

A process and apparatus is disclosed for pretreating a hydrocarbon stream in a hydrotreating reactor and separating the diesel materials from the pretreated effluent before the heavier liquid materials are fed to a hydrocracking unit. Thus diesel materials are preserved but recovered along with the hydrocracked effluent. A recovered diesel stream can be sent to a hydrotreating unit to improve its cetane rating.

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Номер записи: 66

13-01-2022 дата публикации

Processes and systems for producing one or more of benzene, toluene, or mixed xylenes

Номер: US20220009856A1

Автор: Frederick M. Adam, Omer Refa Koseoglu, Robert Peter Hodgkins

Принадлежит: Saudi Arabian Oil Co

A process for producing one or more of benzene, toluene, or mixed xylenes may include combining one or more aromatic feed chemicals, one or more aromatic-based polymers, hydrodearylation catalyst, and hydrogen in a hydrodearylation unit to form a chemical product. The process may also include passing the chemical product out of the hydrodearylation unit, where the chemical product comprises one or more of benzene, toluene, and mixed xylenes. Additionally, a system for producing one or more of benzene, toluene, or mixed xylenes may include a mixing unit and a hydrodearylation unit. An aromatic feed stream and an aromatic-based polymer stream may be in fluid communication with a mixing unit. A mixing unit effluent stream may be in fluid communication between the mixing unit and the hydrodearylation unit. A chemical product stream may be in fluid communication with the hydrodearylation unit.

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Номер записи: 67

27-01-2022 дата публикации

Decarboxylative Co-Dimerization Process and Synthetic Fuels Produced Therefrom

Номер: US20220025273A1

Автор: Abhari Ramin, Green Nate

Принадлежит:

In an aspect, the application discloses a method for producing renewable hydrocarbon fuels where the method includes electrolysis of a mixture to produce an electrolysis product comprising a renewable diesel and optionally a renewable gasoline, where the mixture includes (i) free fatty acids from a biorenewable feedstock, and (ii) terminal monomethyl-branched carboxylic acids, and where the renewable diesel includes terminal monomethyl-branched paraffins and terminal monomethyl-branched alkenes. 1. A method for producing renewable hydrocarbon fuels , the method comprisingelectrolysis of a mixture comprising (i) free fatty acids from a biorenewable feedstock, and (ii) terminal monomethyl-branched carboxylic acids, to produce an electrolysis product comprising a renewable diesel and optionally a renewable gasoline;wherein the renewable diesel comprises terminal monomethyl-branched paraffins and terminal monomethyl-branched alkenes.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising hydrogenation of the renewable diesel.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the terminal monomethyl-branched carboxylic acids comprise isobutyric acid.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the isobutyric acid is produced from isobutanol claim 3 , wherein the isobutanol is from a biorenewable feedstock.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the isobutyric acid is produced from isobutanol by{'sub': '2', 'dehydrogenating the isobutanol to produce isobutyraldehyde and H, and'}oxidizing the isobutyraldehyde to produce the isobutyric acid.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the Hproduced from dehydrogenating the isobutanol is separated from the isobutyraldehyde.7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the Hfrom dehydrogenating the isobutanol is used in a hydrogenation reaction.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the renewable gasoline comprises 2 claim 1 ,3-dimethylbutane.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the free fatty acids comprise fatty acids produced from hydrolysis of fatty acid esters of fat claim 1 , oil claim ...

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Номер записи: 68

27-01-2022 дата публикации

PROCESSING OF PARAFFINIC NAPHTHA WITH MODIFIED USY ZEOLITE DEHYDROGENATION CATALYST

Номер: US20220025276A1

Автор: Alshareef Ali H., KOSEOGLU Omer Refa, Uchida Koji, Watabe Mitsunori

Принадлежит:

Methods for processing paraffinic naphtha include contacting a paraffinic naphtha feedstock with a catalyst system in a dehydrogenation reactor. The catalyst system includes a framework-substituted ultra-stable Y (USY)-type zeolite to produce a dehydrogenated product stream. The catalyst system includes a framework-substituted ultra-stable Y (USY)-type zeolite. The framework-substituted USY-type zeolite has a modified USY framework. The modified USY framework includes a USY aluminosilicate framework modified by substituting a portion of framework aluminum atoms of the USY aluminosilicate framework with substitution atoms independently selected from the group consisting of titanium atoms, zirconium atoms, hafnium atoms, and combinations thereof. A dehydrogenation catalyst for dehydrogenating a paraffinic naphtha includes the framework-substituted ultra-stable Y (USY)-type zeolite. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the framework-substituted USY-type zeolite contains from 0.01% to 5% by mass substitution atoms claim 1 , as calculated on an oxide basis claim 1 , based on the total mass of the framework-substituted USY-type zeolite.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein:the framework-substituted USY-type zeolite contains from 0.01% to 5% by mass substitution atoms, as calculated on an oxide basis, based on the total mass of the framework-substituted USY-type zeolite; andthe substitution atoms comprise a combination selected from the group consisting of (a) titanium atoms and zirconium atoms, (b) titanium atoms and hafnium atoms, (c) zirconium atoms and hafnium atoms, and (d) titanium atoms, zirconium atoms, and hafnium atoms.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein:the framework-substituted USY-type zeolite contains from 0.01% to 5% by mass substitution atoms, as calculated on an oxide basis, based on the total mass of the framework-substituted USY-type zeolite; andthe substitution atoms comprise titanium atoms and zirconium atoms.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ...

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Номер записи: 69

11-01-2018 дата публикации

METHOD FOR CATALYTIC CONVERSION OF KETOACIDS AND HYDROTREAMENT TO HYDROCARBONS

Номер: US20180009731A9

Автор: IKONEN Elias, KÄLDSTRÖM Mats, LINDBLAD Marina, SELÄNTAUS Maaria

Принадлежит: Neste Oyj

Catalytic conversion of ketoacids is disclosed, including methods for increasing the molecular weight of ketoacids. An exemplary method includes providing in a reactor a feedstock having at least one ketoacid. The feedstock is then subjected to one or more C—C-coupling reaction(s) in the presence of a catalyst system having a first metal oxide and a second metal oxide. 1. A method for increasing the molecular weight of a ketoacid , the method comprising:providing in a reactor a feedstock having at least one ketoacid; andsubjecting the feedstock to one or more C—C-coupling reaction(s), wherein the C—C-coupling reaction(s) are conducted in a presence of a solid acid catalyst system having a first metal oxide and a second metal oxide, and wherein a content of the at least one ketoacid in the feedstock is at least 30 wt-%.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst system has a specific surface area of from 10 to 500 m/g.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a total amount of the acid sites of the catalyst system ranges between 30 and 500 μmol/g.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one ketoacid is a γ-ketoacid acid.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the content of the at least one ketoacid in the feedstock is at least 40 wt-% claim 1 , and/or the content of water in the feedstock is less than 5.0 wt-%.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first metal oxide comprises:an oxide of one of W, Be, B, Mg, Si, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Cd, Sn, Sb, Bi, La, Ce, Th, and the second metal oxide comprises:an oxide of one of Zr, Ti, Si, Al, V, Cr or a combination of these, the first metal oxide not being same as the second metal oxide.7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first metal oxide is supported on a metal oxide carrier claim 1 , wherein the carrier is selected from the group consisting of zirconia claim 1 , titania claim 1 , silica claim 1 , vanadium oxide claim 1 ...

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Номер записи: 70

09-01-2020 дата публикации

Modified Y-Type Molecular Sieve, Preparation Thereof and Catalyst Comprising the Same

Номер: US20200009541A1

Автор: Chen Zhenyu, TIAN Huiping, XU Mingde, ZHANG Weilin, ZHOU Lingping, ZHU Yuxia

Принадлежит:

A modified Y-type molecular sieve has a rare earth oxide content of about 4% to about 12% by weight, a phosphorus content of about 0% to about 10% by weight, a sodium oxide content of no more than about 1.0% by weight, a total pore volume of about 0.36 to 0.48 mL/g, a percentage of the pore volume of secondary pores to the total pore volume of about 20% to about 40%, a lattice constant of about 2.440 nm to about 2.455 nm, a percentage of the non-framework aluminum content to the total aluminum content of no more than about 10%, a lattice collapse temperature of not lower than about 1060° C., and a ratio of B acid to L acid of no less than about 3.50. The preparation of the molecular sieve includes ion-exchange with rare earth, hydrothermal roasting, gas phase ultra-stabilization, acid treatment, and an optional phosphorus modification. 1. A modified Y-type molecular sieve , having a rare earth oxide content of about 4% to about 12% by weight , a phosphorus content of about 0% to about 10% by weight on the basis of PO , a sodium oxide content of no more than about 1.0% by weight , a total pore volume of about 0.36 mL/g to about 0.48 mL/g , a percentage of the pore volume of secondary pores having a pore size of 2-100 nm to the total pore volume of the modified Y-type molecular sieve of about 20% to about 40% , a lattice constant of about 2.440 nm to about 2.455 nm , a percentage of the non-framework aluminum content to the total aluminum content of the modified Y-type molecular sieve of no more than about 10% , a lattice collapse temperature of not lower than about 1060° C. , and a ratio of B acid to L acid in the total acid content of the modified Y-type molecular sieve of no less than about 3.5 , as determined by pyridine adsorption infrared spectroscopy at 200° C.2. The modified Y-type molecular sieve according to claim 1 , wherein the modified Y-type molecular sieve has a percentage of the pore volume of secondary pores having a pore size of 2-100 nm to the total ...

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Номер записи: 71

11-01-2018 дата публикации

Heated Airlock Feeder Unit

Номер: US20180010048A1

Автор: Anthony F. TENORE, Nicholas CANOSA, OLUWADARE Oluwaseun

Принадлежит: Golden Renewable Energy LLC

A Heated Airlock Feeder is disclosed. The Heated Airlock Feeder allows for the continuous feeding of solid, shredded plastic into a reactor tube surrounded by clamshell burner boxes. Inside of the reactor tube, two augers, one with right hand flights and one with left hand flights are welded to smooth augers to create two continuous augers that push solid plastic material, liquid plastic material and molten plastic material through two small holes. As the plastic is in its molten state while being forced through the two small holes, an airlock is formed preventing air form entering the system. As the solid, shredded plastic is fed into the system, an airlock is formed allowing for the continuous feeding of the system. The clamshell burner boxes allow for convection and radiant heat allowing for even, continuous heat.

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Номер записи: 72

11-01-2018 дата публикации

Supercritical Water Separation Process

Номер: US20180010057A1

Автор: Coppola Edward N., JR. Charles, Nana Sanjay, Pelt Kenneth D., Red, Wahlgren Jocelyn Marie

Принадлежит:

A supercritical water separation process and system is disclosed for the removal of metals, minerals, particulate, asphaltenes, and resins from a contaminated organic material. The present invention takes advantage of the physical and chemical properties of supercritical water to effect the desired separation of contaminants from organic materials and permit scale-up. At a temperature and pressure above the critical point of water (374° C., 22.1 MPa), nonpolar organic compounds become miscible in supercritical water (SCW) and polar compounds and asphaltenes become immiscible. The process and system disclosed continuously separates immiscible contaminants and solids from the supercritical water and clean oil product solution. The present invention creates a density gradient that enables over 95% recovery of clean oil and over 99% reduction of contaminants such as asphaltenes and particulate matter depending on the properties of the contaminated organic material. 1. A process for separating contaminants from a contaminated feedstock comprised of:combining a contaminated feedstock and supercritical water to form a supercritical water and feedstock solution in a hydrothermal separation vessel, said hydrothermal separation vessel including an upper separation zone and a bottom concentration zone;maintaining a temperature and pressure within the hydrothermal separation vessel to achieve a vertical density gradient therein such that the separation zone of the hydrothermal separation vessel exhibits a lower density than the concentration zone of the hydrothermal separation vessel, to cause the contaminants to separate from the solution in the separation zone and to form a product stream;removing the product stream from the separation zone of the hydrothermal separation vessel; andremoving the contaminants from the concentration zone of the hydrothermal separation vessel.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the separation zone is maintained at a pressure greater than 22.1 MPa ...

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Номер записи: 73

08-01-2015 дата публикации

High Density Cyclic Fuels Derived From Linear Sesquiterpenes

Номер: US20150011810A1

Автор: Benjamin G Harvey

Принадлежит: US Department of Navy

A method to generate cyclic hydrocarbons from farnesene to increase both the density and net heat of combustion of the product fuels. The high density hydrocarbons produced by this method have applications for missile, UAV, jet, and diesel propulsion.

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Номер записи: 74

10-01-2019 дата публикации

Process for producing benzene from a c5-c12 hydrocarbon mixture

Номер: US20190010097A1

Автор: Andrew Davies, Dustin FICKEL, Maikel van Iersel

Принадлежит: SABIC Global Technologies BV

The invention relates to a process for producing benzene, comprising the steps of: (a) providing a hydrocracking feed stream comprising C5-C12 hydrocarbons, (b) contacting the hydrocracking feed stream in the presence of hydrogen with a hydrocracking catalyst comprising 0.01-1 wt-% hydrogenation metal in relation to the total catalyst weight and a zeolite having a pore size of 5-8 Å and a silica (SiO 2 ) to alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) molar ratio of 5-200 under process conditions including a temperature of 425-580° C., a pressure of 300-5000 kPa gauge and a Weight Hourly Space Velocity of 0.1-15 h −1 to produce a hydrocracking product stream comprising benzene, toluene and C8+ hydrocarbons, (c) separating benzene, toluene and the C8+ hydrocarbons from the hydrocracking product stream and (d) selectively recycling back at least part of the toluene from the separated products of step (c) to be included in the hydrocracking feed stream.

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Номер записи: 75

14-01-2021 дата публикации

PROCESSING BIOMASS

Номер: US20210009911A1

Автор: Medoff Marshall

Принадлежит:

Techniques for processing biomass are disclosed herein. A method of preparing cellulosic ethanol having 100% biogenic carbon content as determined by ASTM 6866-18, includes treating ground corn cobs with electron beam radiation and saccharifying the irradiated ground corn cob to produce sugars. The method also includes fermenting the sugars with a microorganism. In addition, an unblended cellulosic-biomass derived gasoline with a research octane number of greater than about 87, as determined by ASTM D2699 is disclosed. 1218-. (canceled)219. A method of making a cellulosic-biomass derived gasoline , the method comprising:providing an alcohol comprising a cellulosic-biomass derived alcohol, andcatalytically processing the alcohol to an unblended gasoline, wherein the unblended gasoline has a research octane number of greater than about 87, as determined by ASTM D2699.220. The method of claim 219 , wherein the unblended gasoline also has a motor octane number of greater than about 85 claim 219 , as determined by ASTM D2700.221. The method of claim 219 , wherein the alcohol comprises ethanol.222. The method of claim 219 , wherein catalytically processing the alcohol comprises passing hydrous ethanol through a packed column claim 219 , the column including a zeolite.223. The method of claim 222 , wherein the hydrous ethanol contains greater than about 40 percent water by weight.224. The method of claim 222 , wherein the catalytically processing the alcohol further comprises a nitrogen carrier gas to aid in the passing of the hydrous ethanol through the packed column.225. The method of claim 222 , wherein the zeolite comprises HZSM-5.226. The method of claim 225 , wherein the HZSM-5 includes a metal produced by solvent impregnation.227. The method of claim 219 , wherein the unblended gasoline has a benzene content of less than 1 percent by weight.228. The method of claim 219 , wherein the unblended gasoline has an aromatic content of greater than 25 percent by weight.229. ...

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Номер записи: 76

10-01-2019 дата публикации

Multi-Stage Process and Device for Treatment Heavy Marine Fuel Oil and Resultant Composition and the Removal of Detrimental Solids

Номер: US20190010405A1

Автор: Klussmann Bertrand Ray, Moore Michael Joseph, White Carter James

Принадлежит: Magēmā Technology, LLC

A multi-stage process for reducing the environmental contaminants in an ISO8217 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil involving a core desulfurizing process and a Detrimental Solids removal unit as either a pre-treating step or post-treating step to the core process. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil complies with ISO 8217 for residual marine fuel oils and has a sulfur level has a maximum sulfur content (ISO 14596 or ISO 8754) between the range of 0.05 mass % to 1.0 mass and a Detrimental Solids content less than 60 mg/kg. A process plant for conducting the process is also disclosed. 1. A process for reducing the environmental contaminants and detrimental solids in a Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil , the process comprising: contacting a Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil with Detrimental Solids removal unit to give a pre-treated Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil; mixing a quantity of the pre-treated Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil with a quantity of Activating Gas mixture to give a Feedstock Mixture; contacting the Feedstock Mixture with one or more catalyst materials under reactive conditions to form a Process Mixture from said Feedstock Mixture; receiving said Process Mixture and separating the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil liquid components of the Process Mixture from the gaseous components and by-product hydrocarbon components of the Process Mixture and , discharging the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil.2. The process of wherein said Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil complies with ISO 8217 (2017) and has a sulfur content (ISO 14596 or ISO 8754) between the range of 5.0 mass % to 1.0 mass %.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein said Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil complies with ISO 8217 (2017) and has a maximum sulfur content (ISO 14596 or ISO 8754) between the range of 0.01 mass % to 1.0 mass %.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein said Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil has: a maximum of kinematic viscosity at 50° C. (ISO 3104) between the range from 180 mm/s to 700 mm/s; a ...

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Номер записи: 77

10-01-2019 дата публикации

Multi-Stage Process and Device for Treatment Heavy Marine Fuel Oil and Resultant Composition Including Ultrasound Promoted Desulfurization

Номер: US20190010406A1

Автор: Klussmann Bertrand Ray, Moore Michael Joseph, White Carter James

Принадлежит: Magema Technology, LLC

A multi-stage process for reducing the environmental contaminants in an ISO8217 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil involving a core desulfurizing process and a ultrasound treatment process as either a pre-treating step or post-treating step to the core process. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil complies with ISO 8217 for residual marine fuel oils and has a sulfur level has a maximum sulfur content (ISO 14596 or ISO 8754) between the range of 0.05 mass % to 1.0 mass. A process plant for conducting the process is also disclosed. 1. A process for reducing the environmental contaminants in a Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil , the process comprising: contacting a Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil with ultrasound having a frequency in the range of about 20 kHz and about 100 megahertz and a sonic energy in the range of about 30 watts/cmto about 300 watts/cm , in the presence of desulfurization reaction inducer selected from the group consisting of aqueous peroxides or one or more transition metal catalysts in the presence of hydrogen , to give a pre-treated Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil; mixing a quantity of the pre-treated Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil with a quantity of Activating Gas mixture to give a Feedstock Mixture; contacting the Feedstock Mixture with one or more transition metal catalysts under reactive conditions to form a Process Mixture from said Feedstock Mixture; receiving said Process Mixture and separating the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil liquid components of the Process Mixture from the gaseous components and by-product hydrocarbon components of the Process Mixture and , discharging the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil.2. The process of wherein said Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil complies with ISO 8217 (2017) except that it has a sulfur content (ISO 14596 or ISO 8754) between the range of 5.0 wt % to 1.0 wt % and wherein the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil complies with ISO 8217 (2017) and has a a sulfur content (ISO 14596 or ISO 8754) between the ...

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Номер записи: 78

10-01-2019 дата публикации

PROCEDURE FOR PREPARATION OF IMPROVED SOLID HYDROGEN TRANSFER AGENTS FOR PROCESSING HEAVY AND EXTRA-HEAVY CRUDE OILS AND RESIDUES, AND RESULTING PRODUCT

Номер: US20190010409A1

Автор: ALEMÁN VÁZQUEZ Laura Olivia, ANCHEYTA JUÁREZ Jorge, TORRES MANCERA León Pablo

Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to the process for preparing improved solid hydrogen transfer agents obtained from a polymer with units containing the structure of naphthalene, phenanthrene or anthracene, which exhibit activity as hydrogen transfer agents in any chemical reduction reaction involving the breaking of double bonds and in treatment, hydrotreatment and hydrodisintegration reactions of heavy and extra-heavy crude oils and of cuts and currents derived therefrom. These improved solid hydrogen transfer agents can be supported and not supported on metal oxides such as boehmite, alumina, silica, titania, kaolin and/or mixture thereof, in the presence of reducing agents such as hydrogen, methane, or natural gas. In addition, the application of these improved solid hydrogen transfer agents obtained from a polymer with units containing the structure of naphthalene, phenanthrene or anthracene, it allows to improve properties of the crudes such as viscosity, decrease in the formation of coke, increase in the yield of distillates and in API gravity. These hydrogen transfer agents, being solid, can be reused and recovered from the reaction medium; they also have a thermal stability such that it can carry out reactions at temperatures up to 450° C. 1. A process for preparing improved solid hydrogen transfer agents for the processing of heavy or extra-heavy crudes or residues , characterized by it comprises the following steps: a) preparing the raw materials by grinding in a porcelain mortar AlO (OH) (Boehmite) SiO2 , Al2O3 , kaolin , preferably the Boehmite and a polymer with units containing the structure of naphthalene or phenanthrene or anthracene , preferably the naphthalene when sieving these raw materials through a mesh 165 (0.089 mm); b) prepare the physical mixture of the materials indicated in part a) , wherein , to the grinded and sieved Boehmite , distilled water is added and mixed until it forms a paste , later , it is peptized by adding an aqueous solution ...

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Номер записи: 79

10-01-2019 дата публикации

HYDROPROCESSING OF HIGH DENSITY CRACKED FRACTIONS

Номер: US20190010410A1

Автор: Brown Stephen H., CUNNINGHAM Brian A., ILIAS Samia, McMANUS Jesse R., Smiley Randolph J.

Принадлежит:

Systems and methods are provided for upgrading a high density cracked feedstock, such as a catalytic slurry oil, by hydroprocessing. The upgrading can further include performing a separation on the effluent from hydroprocessing of the cracked feedstock, such as a distillation (i.e., separation based on boiling point) or a solvent-based separation. The separation on the hydroprocessed effluent can allow for separation of an aromatics-enriched fraction and an aromatics-depleted fraction from the hydroprocessed effluent. The aromatics-enriched fraction and aromatics-depleted fraction can then be separately used and/or separately undergo further processing. 1. A method for processing a heavy cracked feedstock , comprising:{'sup': 3', '3, 'exposing a feedstock comprising a density at 15° C. of 1.06 g/cmor more and at least 50 wt % of one or more 343° C.+ cracked fractions to a hydroprocessing catalyst under fixed bed hydroprocessing conditions to form a hydroprocessed effluent, the one or more 343° C.+ cracked fractions having an aromatics content of 40 wt % or more relative to a weight of the one or more 343° C.+ cracked fractions, a 343° C.+ portion of the hydroprocessed effluent having a density at 15° C. of 1.04 g/cmor less;'}separating the hydroprocessed effluent in one or more separation stages to form an aromatics-enriched fraction and an aromatics-depleted fraction; andexposing at least a portion of the aromatics-enriched fraction to a second hydroprocessing catalyst under second fixed bed hydroprocessing conditions to form a second hydroprocessed effluent.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein exposing the feedstock to the hydroprocessing catalyst further comprises exposing the at least a portion of the aromatics-enriched fraction to the hydroprocessing catalyst claim 1 , wherein the hydroprocessing conditions comprise the second hydroprocessing conditions claim 1 , and wherein the hydroprocessed effluent comprises the second hydroprocessed effluent.3. The method of ...

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Номер записи: 80

09-01-2020 дата публикации

RESOURCE RECOVERY FROM WOOD WASTES

Номер: US20200010763A1

Автор: Herbertson Joseph George, Mukunthan Kannappar, Strezov Lazar

Принадлежит:

A method and an apparatus for processing wood wastes and producing valuable products that are safe and have economic value is disclosed. The apparatus includes a continuous converter () for a feed material that includes wood wastes containing contaminants. The continuous converter includes a reaction chamber () for producing a solid carbon-containing product, a gas product, and optionally a liquid oil product and a separate water-based condensate product in the chamber, via pyrolysis or other reaction mechanisms. 1. An apparatus for processing wood wastes and producing valuable products that are safe and have economic value , the apparatus including a continuous converter for a feed material that includes wood wastes containing contaminants , with the continuous converter including a reaction chamber for producing a solid carbon-containing product , a gas product , and optionally a liquid oil product and a separate water-based condensate product in the chamber , via pyrolysis or other reaction mechanisms , an inlet for supplying the feed material to the reaction chamber , an assembly for moving the feed material through the reaction chamber from the upstream end towards the downstream end of the chamber counter-current to the flow of gas generated in the chamber as a consequence of drying or other reactions in the chamber , and separate outlets for the solid carbon-containing product , the gas product , and optionally the liquid water product from the reaction chamber , with the apparatus being adapted to decompose organic material contaminants in the wood wastes and to incorporate the decomposed forms into useful products , and with the apparatus being adapted to deport heavy metal contaminants to the solid carbon-containing product.2. The apparatus defined in wherein the continuous converter includes an assembly for establishing a temperature profile in the reaction chamber that includes the following zones extending successively along the length of the reaction ...

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Номер записи: 81

09-01-2020 дата публикации

LUBRICANT BASESTOCK PRODUCTION WITH ENHANCED AROMATIC SATURATION

Номер: US20200010772A1

Автор: Dandekar Ajit B., Fingland Bradley R., Fruchey Kendall S., Weigel Scott J.

Принадлежит:

Systems and methods are provided for producing lubricant basestocks having a reduced or minimized aromatics content. A first processing stage can perform an initial amount of hydrotreating and/or hydrocracking. A first separation stage can then be used to remove fuels boiling range (and lower boiling range) compounds. The remaining lubricant boiling range fraction can then be exposed under hydrocracking conditions to a USY catalyst including a supported noble metal, such as Pt and/or Pd. The USY catalyst can have a desirable combination of catalyst properties, such as a unit cell size of 24.30 or less (or 24.24 or less), a silica to alumina ratio of at least 50 (or at least 80), and an alpha value of 20 or less (or 10 or less). In some aspects, the effluent from the second (hydrocracking) stage can be dewaxed without further separation. In such aspects, a portion of the dewaxed effluent can be used as a recycle quench stream to cool the hydrocracking effluent prior to entering the dewaxing reactor. 113.-. (canceled)14. A system for producing a lubricant boiling range product , comprising:a hydrotreating reactor comprising a hydrotreating feed inlet, a hydrotreating effluent outlet, and at least one fixed catalyst bed comprising a hydrotreating catalyst;a separation stage having a first separation stage inlet and a second separation stage inlet, the first separation stage inlet being in fluid communication with the hydrotreating effluent outlet, the separation stage further comprising a plurality of separation stage liquid effluent outlets, one or more of the separation stage liquid effluent outlets corresponding to product outlets;a hydrocracking reactor comprising a hydrocracking feed inlet, a hydrocracking effluent outlet, and at least one fixed catalyst bed comprising a hydrocracking catalyst, the hydrocracking feed inlet being in fluid communication with at least one separation stage liquid effluent outlet, and the hydrocracking catalyst comprising USY zeolite ...

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Номер записи: 82

03-02-2022 дата публикации

HYDROCRACKING CATALYSTS CONTAINING RARE EARTH CONTAINING POST-MODIFIED USY ZEOLITE, METHOD FOR PREPARING HYDROCRACKING CATALYSTS, AND METHOD FOR HYDROCRACKING HYDROCARBON OIL WITH HYDROCRACKING CATALYSTS

Номер: US20220032273A1

Автор: Hodgkins Robert Peter, KOSEOGLU Omer Refa, Uchida Koji, Watabe Mitsunori

Принадлежит:

In accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a catalyst composition includes a catalyst support and at least one hydrogenative component disposed on the catalyst support. The catalyst support includes at least one USY zeolite having a framework substituted with titanium and zirconium. The framework-substituted USY zeolite comprises at least one rare earth element. Methods of making and using such a catalyst in a hydrocracking process are also disclosed. 1. A catalyst composition comprising:a catalyst support comprising at least one framework-substituted ultra-stable Y-type (USY) zeolite substituted with zirconium atoms and titanium atoms, the at least one framework-substituted USY zeolite comprising at least one doped rare earth element; andat least one hydrogenative component disposed on the catalyst support.2. The catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one framework-substituted USY zeolite is substituted with 0.1 wt. % to 5 wt. % zirconium atoms and 0.1 wt. % to 5 wt. % titanium calculated on an oxide basis.3. The catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein the rare earth element is selected from the group consisting of scandium claim 1 , yttrium claim 1 , lanthanum claim 1 , cerium claim 1 , praseodymium claim 1 , neodymium claim 1 , promethium claim 1 , samarium claim 1 , europium claim 1 , gadolinium claim 1 , terbium claim 1 , dysprosium claim 1 , holmium claim 1 , erbium claim 1 , thulium claim 1 , ytterbium claim 1 , lutetium claim 1 , and a combination of two more thereof.4. The catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein the framework-substituted USY zeolite comprises a crystal lattice constant from 2.43 nm to 2.45 nm.5. The catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein the framework-substituted USY zeolite comprises a specific surface area from 600 m/g to 900 m/g.6. The catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst composition comprises a specific surface area from 200 m/g to 450 m/g.7. The catalyst composition of ...

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Номер записи: 83

03-02-2022 дата публикации

Aromatic recovery complex with a hydrodearylation step to process clay tower effluents

Номер: US20220033718A1

Автор: Omer Refa Koseoglu, Robert Peter Hodgkins

Принадлежит: Saudi Arabian Oil Co

The disclosure provides a process to hydrodearylate the non-condensed alkyl-bridged multi-aromatics at the outlet of the clay tower where such multi-aromatics form rather than performing hydrodearylation on the reject stream of the aromatics complex. Hydrodearylation may feature combining a C8+ hydrocarbon stream from a clay treater with a hydrogen stream over a catalyst bed comprising a support and an acidic component optionally containing Group 8 and/or Group 6 metals.

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Номер записи: 84

03-02-2022 дата публикации

Temperature Control for Centrifugation of Steam Cracked Tar

Номер: US20220033720A1

Автор: Giovanni S. CONTELLO, John S. COLEMAN, Kapil KANDEL, Michael J. Clemmons, Teng Xu

Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc

Processes for preparing a low particulate liquid hydrocarbon product are provided and includes blending a tar stream containing particles with a fluid to produce a fluid-feed mixture containing tar, the particles, and the fluid, and centrifuging the fluid-feed mixture at a temperature of greater than 60° C. to produce a higher density portion and a lower density portion, where the lower density portion contains no more than 25 wt % of the particles in the fluid-feed mixture.

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Номер записи: 85

19-01-2017 дата публикации

A process for the preparation of a feedstock for a hydroprocessing unit

Номер: US20170015916A1

Автор: Arno Johannes Maria OPRINS, Ravichander Narayanaswamy, Thomas Hubertus Maria HOUSMANS, Vijayanand RAJAGOPALAN

Принадлежит: SABIC Global Technologies BV, Saudi Basic Industries Corp

A process for preparing a feedstock for a hydroprocessing unit, the feedstock based on crude oil containing asphaltenes and the process including mixing crude oil with a predetermined solvent in a ratio such that no aggregation of asphaltenes in the mixture takes place, and feeding the combined mixture to one or more hydroprocessing units.

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Номер записи: 86

17-01-2019 дата публикации

FORMING ASPHALT FRACTIONS FROM THREE-PRODUCT DEASPHALTING

Номер: US20190016965A1

Автор: Aldous Keith K., BOUSSAD Kamal, Fruchey Kendall S., Green Sara K.

Принадлежит:

Systems and methods are provided for using a three-product deasphalter to produce advantageous combinations of deasphalted oil, resin, and rock. The desaphalted oil, resin, and rock can then be further combined, optionally with other vacuum gas oil fractions produced during the distillation that generated the feed to the three-product deasphalter, to produce a product slate of improved quality while also maintaining the quality of the resulting asphalt product and reducing or minimizing the amount of lower value products generated. The additional “resin” product from the three product deasphalter can be generated by sequential deasphalting, by using a resin settler to separate resin from the deasphalted oil, or by any other convenient method. 1. A method for processing a heavy oil fraction , comprising:separating a vacuum gas oil fraction and a vacuum resid fraction from a heavy oil feed;{'sub': '4+', 'performing solvent deasphalting using a Csolvent under first solvent deasphalting conditions on at least a portion of the vacuum resid fraction to produce a first deasphalted oil and a first deasphalter residue, the effective solvent deasphalting conditions producing a yield of first deasphalted oil of 50 wt % or more of the feedstock;'}performing solvent deasphalting on at least a portion of the first deasphalted oil under second solvent deasphalting conditions to form a second deasphalted oil and a second deasphalter resin, the second solvent deasphalting conditions comprising lower lift deasaphlting conditions than the first solvent deasphalting conditions;forming a product slate from at least a portion of a) the vacuum gas oil fraction, b) the first deasphalter residue, c) the second deasphalted oil, and d) the second deasphalter resin, the product slate comprising an asphalt fraction and one or more fuels feeds, lubricant feeds, or a combination thereof, a volume of the product slate comprising 95 vol % or more of a combined volume of the vacuum gas oil fraction ...

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Номер записи: 87

17-01-2019 дата публикации

Multistage Upgrading Hydrocarbon Pyrolysis Tar

Номер: US20190016969A1

Автор: Coleman John S., Kandel Kapil, Koc-Karabocek Reyyan, Nayak Subramanya V., Patel Bryan A., Rachal Cyrus J., Raman Sumathy, Xu Teng

Принадлежит:

A multi-stage process for upgrading tars is provided. A predominantly hydrotreating stage can be applied before a cracking stage, which can be a hydrocracking or a thermal cracking stage. Alternatively, a predominantly cracking stage, which can be a hydrocracking or a thermal cracking stage, can be applied before a hydrotreating stage. Apparatus suitable for performing the method is also provided. 1. A hydrocarbon conversion process , comprising: [{'sub': 'N', '≥10.0 wt. % pyrolysis tar hydrocarbon based on the weight of the feedstock, the pyrolysis tar having a I≥100 and viscosity measured at 50° C. of ≥10,000 cSt, and'}, 'a utility fluid comprising aromatic hydrocarbons and having an ASTM D86 10% distillation point >60° C. and a 90% distillation point <425° C.; and, '(a) providing a feedstock comprising(b) hydroprocessing the feedstock in at least two hydroprocessing zones in the presence of a treat gas comprising molecular hydrogen under catalytic hydroprocessing conditions to produce a hydroprocessed product, comprising hydroprocessed tar;wherein the hydroprocessing conditions are such that in a first hydroprocessing zone a catalyst is used that promotes predominantly a hydrotreating reaction and in a second hydroprocessing zone a catalyst is used that promotes predominantly a hydrocracking reaction.2. The process of claim 1 , in which the catalyst in the first hydroprocessing zone comprises one or more of Mo claim 1 , Co and Ni claim 1 , supported on alumina claim 1 , Pt—Pd/AlO—SiO claim 1 , Ni—W/AlO claim 1 , Ni—Mo/AlO claim 1 , Fe claim 1 , or Fe—Mo supported on a non-acidic support such as carbon black or a carbon black composite claim 1 , or Mo supported on a nonacidic support claim 1 , and the catalyst in the second hydroprocessing zone comprises predominantly a zeolite or comprises predominantly Co claim 1 , Mo claim 1 , P claim 1 , Ni or Pd supported on amorphous AlOand/or SiO(ASA) and/or zeolite.3. The process of claim 1 , in which the catalyst in the ...

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Номер записи: 88

17-01-2019 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PROCESSING HEAVY OILS BY OIL UPGRADING FOLLOWED BY STEAM CRACKING

Номер: US20190016970A1

Автор: Abba Ibrahim, BOURANE Abdennour, Ding Lianhui, Shaik Kareemuddin, Tamimi Mazin

Принадлежит: Saudi Arabian Oil Company

According to one embodiment, a heavy oil may be processed by a method that may include upgrading at least a portion of the heavy oil to form an upgraded oil, where the upgrading includes contacting the heavy oil with a hydrodemetalization catalyst, a transition catalyst, a hydrodenitrogenation catalyst, and a hydrocracking catalyst to remove at least a portion of metals, nitrogen, or aromatics content from the heavy oil and form the upgraded oil; and passing the upgraded oil to a steam cracker and steam cracking the upgraded oil to form a steam-cracked effluent; and where the final boiling point of the upgraded oil is less than or equal to 540° C. 1. A method for processing heavy oil , the method comprising:upgrading at least a portion of the heavy oil to form an upgraded oil, the upgrading comprising contacting the heavy oil with a hydrodemetalization catalyst, a transition catalyst, a hydrodenitrogenation catalyst, and a hydrocracking catalyst to remove at least a portion of metals, nitrogen, or aromatics content from the heavy oil and form the upgraded oil; andpassing the upgraded oil to a steam cracker and steam cracking the upgraded oil to form a steam-cracked effluent;wherein the final boiling point of the upgraded oil is less than or equal to 540° C.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the feed oil is crude oil having an American Petroleum Institute (API) gravity of from 25 degrees to 50 degrees.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:separating a feed oil into a heavy feed fraction and a light feed fraction; andpassing the light feed fraction to the steam cracker;wherein the heavy feed fraction is the heavy oil that is upgraded.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the cut point of the light feed fraction relative to the heavy feed fraction is from 300° C. to 400° C.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the cut point of the light feed fraction and heavy feed fraction is from 120° C. to 230° C.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein:the hydrodemetalization catalyst, ...

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Номер записи: 89

17-01-2019 дата публикации

Systems and methods for processing heavy oils by oil upgrading followed by distillation

Номер: US20190016971A1

Автор: Abdennour Bourane, Ibrahim Abba, Kareemuddin SHAIK, Lianhui Ding, Mazin Tamimi

Принадлежит: Saudi Arabian Oil Co

According to one embodiment, a heavy oil may be processed by a method that may include upgrading at least a portion of the heavy oil to form an upgraded oil, where the upgrading comprises contacting the heavy oil with a hydrodemetalization catalyst, a transition catalyst, a hydrodenitrogenation catalyst, and a hydrocracking catalyst to remove at least a portion of metals, nitrogen, or aromatics content from the heavy oil and form the upgraded oil. The method may further include passing at least a portion of the upgraded oil to a separation device that separates the upgraded oil into one or more transportation fuels; and where the final boiling point of the upgraded oil is less than or equal to 540° C.

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Номер записи: 90

17-01-2019 дата публикации

Multi-Stage Process and Device Utilizing Structured Catalyst Beds and Reactive Distillation for the Production of a Low Sulfur Heavy Marine Fuel Oil

Номер: US20190016972A1

Автор: Klussmann Bertrand Ray, Moore Michael Joseph, White Carter James

Принадлежит: Magēmā Technology, LLC

A multi-stage process for the production of an ISO8217 compliant Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil from ISO 8217 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil involving a core process under reactive conditions in a Reaction System composed of one or more reaction vessels, wherein one or more of the reaction vessels contains one or more catalysts in the form of a structured catalyst bed and is operated under reactive distillation conditions. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil has a sulfur level has a maximum sulfur content (ISO 14596 or ISO 8754) between the range of 0.05 mass % to 1.0 mass. A process plant for conducting the process for conducting the process is disclosed. 1. A process for the production of a Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil , the process comprising: mixing a quantity of Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil with a quantity of Activating Gas mixture to give a Feedstock Mixture; contacting the Feedstock Mixture with one or more catalysts under reactive distillation conditions to promote the formation of a Process Mixture from said Feedstock Mixture , wherein said one or more catalysts are in the form of a structured catalyst bed; receiving said Process Mixture and separating the liquid components of the Process Mixture from the bulk gaseous components of the Process Mixture; and separating any residual gaseous components and by-product hydrocarbon components from the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the structured catalyst bed comprises a plurality of catalyst retention structures claim 1 , each catalyst retention structure composed of a pair of fluid permeable corrugated metal sheets claim 1 , wherein the pair of the fluid permeable corrugated metal sheets are aligned such that the corrugations are out of phase and thereby defining a catalyst rich space and a catalyst lean space within the structured catalyst bed claim 1 , wherein within the catalyst rich space there is one or more catalyst materials and optionally inert packing ...

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Номер записи: 91

17-01-2019 дата публикации

Production of High Quality Base Oils

Номер: US20190016973A1

Автор: Murray Thomas George

Принадлежит: Murray Extraction Technologies LLC

A process for creating higher quality and lower quality base oils from used lubricating oils and crude oils, wherein the higher quality base oils may be either Group III or Group II and the lower quality base oils may be either Group II or Group I. Vacuum gas oils produced from used lubricating oils and from crude oils are processed via two or more process steps, including solvent extraction, solvent or catalytic or iso dewaxing, and hydrotreating. Such process enables efficient conversion and operation of refineries formerly capable only of making Group I base oils, even as their ability to make heavier base oils, waxes, and bright stocks is preserved, substantially to the same extent as such products had been made prior to undertaking the conversion. 1. A method for making base oil , the method comprising steps of:blending together (a) vacuum gas oil made from crude oil (“CO-VGO”) and (b) vacuum gas oil made from used lubricating oil (“UO-VGO”) to form a blended VGO (“Blended VGO”); andprocessing the Blended VGO by means of at least two of solvent extraction, dewaxing, and hydrotreating to make a base oil.2. A method for making base oil by solvent extraction , de-waxing , and hydrotreating , the method comprising steps of:processing vacuum gas oil made from crude oil (“CO-VGO”) during a first period of time by at least two of solvent extraction, dewaxing, and hydrotreating to make at least one first base oil; andprocessing vacuum gas oil made from used lubricating oil (“UO-VGO”) during a second period of time by at least two of solvent extraction, dewaxing, and hydrotreating to make at least one second base oil.3. The method of wherein the UO-VGO is processed by hydrotreating prior to processing by solvent extraction.4. The method of wherein the UO-VGO is processed by solvent extraction prior to processing by hydrotreating.5. The method of wherein at least a portion of the effluent produced after processing the UO-VGO by hydrotreating is then processed by solvent ...

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Номер записи: 92

17-01-2019 дата публикации

Process And Device For Treating High Sulfur Heavy Marine Fuel Oil For Use As Feedstock In A Subsequent Refinery Unit

Номер: US20190016974A1

Автор: Klussmann Bertrand Ray, Moore Michael Joseph, White Carter James

Принадлежит: Magēmā Technology, LLC

A multi-stage process for transforming a high sulfur ISO 8217 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil involving a core desulfurizing process that produces a Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil that can be used as a feedstock for subsequent refinery process such as anode grade coking, needle coking and fluid catalytic cracking. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil exhibits multiple properties desirable as a feedstock for those processes including a sulfur level has a maximum sulfur content (ISO 14596 or ISO 8754) between the range of 0.05 mass % to 1.0 mass. A process plant for conducting the process is also disclosed. 1. A process for treating high sulfur Heavy Marine Fuel Oil for use as feedstock in a subsequent refinery unit , the process comprising: mixing a quantity of Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil with a quantity of Activating Gas mixture to give a Feedstock Mixture; contacting the Feedstock Mixture with one or more catalysts under reactive conditions to form a Process Mixture from said Feedstock Mixture; receiving said Process Mixture and separating the liquid components of the Process Mixture from the bulk gaseous components of the Process Mixture; subsequently separating any residual gaseous components and by-product hydrocarbon components from the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil; and , discharging the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil.2. The process of wherein the Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil complies with ISO 8217 (2017) and has a sulfur content (ISO 14596 or ISO 8754) between the range of 5.0 mass % to 1.0 mass % and wherein the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil has a sulfur content (ISO 14596 or ISO 8754) between the range of 0.50 mass % to 0.05 mass %.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein said Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil has: a maximum of kinematic viscosity at 50° C. (ISO 3104) between the range from 180 mm/s to 700 mm/s; a maximum of density at 15° C. (ISO 3675) between the range of 991.0 kg/mto 1010.0 kg/m; a CCAI in the range of 780 to 870; a flash point (ISO ...

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Номер записи: 93

17-01-2019 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PROCESSING HEAVY OILS

Номер: US20190016977A1

Автор: Abba Ibrahim, BOURANE Abdennour, Ding Lianhui, Shaik Kareemuddin, Tamimi Mazin

Принадлежит: Saudi Arabian Oil Company

According to one embodiment, a heavy oil may be processed by a method that may include upgrading at least a portion of the heavy oil to form an upgraded oil, where the upgrading comprising contacting the heavy oil with a hydrodemetalization catalyst, a transition catalyst, a hydrodenitrogenation catalyst, a first hydrocracking catalyst, and a second hydrocracking catalyst downstream of the first hydrocracking catalyst to remove at least a portion of metals, nitrogen, or aromatics content from the heavy oil and form the upgraded oil. The final boiling point of the upgraded oil may be less than or equal to 540° C. The second hydrocracking catalyst cracks at least a portion of vacuum gas oil in the heavy oil. The first hydrocracking catalyst may comprise a greater average pore size than the second hydrocracking catalyst. 1. A method for processing heavy oil , the method comprising:upgrading at least a portion of the heavy oil to form an upgraded oil, the upgrading comprising contacting the heavy oil with a hydrodemetalization catalyst, a transition catalyst, a hydrodenitrogenation catalyst, a first hydrocracking catalyst, and a second hydrocracking catalyst downstream of the first hydrocracking catalyst to remove at least a portion of metals, nitrogen, or aromatics content from the heavy oil and form the upgraded oil;wherein the final boiling point of the upgraded oil is less than or equal to 540° C.;wherein the second hydrocracking catalyst cracks at least a portion of vacuum gas oil in the heavy oil; andwherein the first hydrocracking catalyst comprises a greater average pore size than the second hydrocracking catalyst.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising passing the upgraded oil to a steam cracker and steam cracking the upgraded oil to form a steam-cracked effluent.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first hydrocracking catalyst comprises a greater average pore volume than the second hydrocracking catalyst.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first ...

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Номер записи: 94

17-01-2019 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING NAPHTHENIC BASE OILS

Номер: US20190016978A1

Автор: Casserly Edward William, Davis Howard Don, Patrick John K.

Принадлежит:

A process for producing naphthenic base oils from low quality naphthenic crude feedstocks. The naphthenic base oils produced by the process have improved low temperature properties at high yields based on feedstock. 153.-. (canceled)54. A process for producing a naphthenic base oil comprising the steps of:a) hydrotreating a naphthenic feedstock having a sulfur content of up to about 5% by weight (as measured by ASTM D4294) and a nitrogen content of up to about 3% by weight (as measured by ASTM D5762) in the presence of a hydrotreating catalyst and hydrotreating conditions to produce a hydrotreated naphthenic effluent;b) dewaxing the hydrotreated naphthenic effluent having a sulfur content of about 0.0005% to about 0.5% by weight (as measured by ASTM D4294) and a nitrogen content of up to about 0.1% by weight (as measured by ASTM D5762) in the presence of a dewaxing cracking catalyst and under catalytic dewaxing conditions to produce a dewaxed effluent;c) hydrofinishing the dewaxed effluent in the presence of a hydrofinishing catalyst and under catalytic hydrofinishing conditions to produce a dewaxed hydrofinished effluent having reduced levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds and reduced levels of unstable olefinic compounds; andd) fractionating the dewaxed hydrofinished effluent to remove one or more low viscosity high volatility fractions and provide a naphthenic base oil having a pour point (as measured by ASTM D5949) below about −5° C., at a yield greater than 85% of total naphthenic base oil over total hydrotreated naphthenic feedstock.55. The process of claim 54 , wherein the naphthenic feedstock comprises naphthenic crude claim 54 , waxy naphthenic crude claim 54 , naphthenic distillate or a mixture thereof.56. The process of claim 54 , wherein the naphthenic feedstock comprises a blend of naphthenic crude claim 54 , waxy naphthenic crude or a naphthenic distillate with paraffinic feedstock claim 54 , paraffinic distillate claim 54 , light or ...

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Номер записи: 95

17-01-2019 дата публикации

MULTI-STAGE UPGRADING PYROLYSIS TAR PRODUCTS

Номер: US20190016980A1

Автор: FERRUGHELLI David T., Kar Kenneth Chi Hang, MENNITO Anthony S., Rubin-Pitel Sheryl B., Xu Teng

Принадлежит:

A first hydroprocessed product and a second hydroprocessed product produced from a multi-stage process for upgrading pyrolysis tar, such as steam cracker tar, are provided herein. Fuel blends including the first hydroprocessed product and/or the second hydroprocessed product are also provided herein as well as methods of lowering pour point of a gas oil using the first hydroprocessed product and the second hydroprocessed product. 1. A first hydroprocessed product comprising:aromatics in an amount ≥about 50 wt %;paraffins in an amount ≤about 5.0 wt %; andsulfur in an amount from about 0.10 wt % to <0.50 wt %; a boiling point distribution of about 145° C. to about 760° C. as measured according to ASTM D6352;', 'a pour point of ≤about 0.0° C., as measured according to ASTM D7346; and', {'sup': 2', '2, 'a kinematic viscosity at 50° C. from 20 mm/s to 200 mm/s, as measured according to ASTM D7042.'}], 'wherein the first hydroprocessed product has2. The first hydroprocessed product of further comprising asphaltenes in an amount from about 2.0 wt % to 10 wt %.3. The first hydroprocessed product of claim 1 , wherein the aromatics are present in an amount of ≥about 80 wt %.5. The first hydroprocessed product of having a pour point of ≤−5.0° C. claim 1 , as measured according to ASTM D7346.6. The first hydroprocessed product of having one or more of the following:(i) a Bureau of Mines Correlation Index (BMCI) of ≥about 100;{'sub': 'n', '(ii) a solubility number (S) of ≥about 130; and'}(iii) an energy content of ≥about 35 MJ/kg.7. A second hydroprocessed product comprising:aromatics in an amount ≥about 50 wt %;paraffins in an amount ≤about 5.0 wt %; andsulfur in an amount ≤0.30 wt %; a boiling point distribution of about 140° C. to about 760° C. as measured according to ASTM D6352;', 'a pour point of ≤about 12° C., as measured according to ASTM D5949; and', {'sup': 2', '2, 'a kinematic viscosity at 50° C. from 100 mm/s to 800 mm/s, as measured according to ASTM D7042.'}], ' ...

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Номер записи: 96

17-01-2019 дата публикации

MESITYLENE AS AN OCTANE ENHANCER FOR AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE, ADDITIVE FOR JET FUEL, AND METHOD OF ENHANCING MOTOR FUEL OCTANE AND LOWERING JET FUEL CARBON EMISSIONS

Номер: US20190016982A1

Автор: "DAcosta Chris", Albuzat Thomas, Bower Donald L., Catania Philip J., Johnson Edward, Kasper Kenneth, Rusek John J., Stirm Brian, Ziulkowski Jonathon D.

Принадлежит: Swift Fuels, LLC

A motor fuel comprising gasoline comprising 70-99 wt % gasoline and 1 to 30 wt % of mesitylene. This fuel can advantageously contain conventional additives used in gasoline. The use of mesitylene in gasoline blend yields a fuel blend with a higher research octane number and motor octane number. In addition, an improved jet fuel is provided, having from 1-10 wt % mesitylene added to the jet fuel, having improved carbon emission characteristics while maintaining required specifications. Further, an improved bio-fuel is provided, which may function as a replacement for conventional Jet A/JP-8 fuel and has lowered carbon emission specifications, the bio-fuel comprised of 75-90 wt % synthetic parafinnic kerosene (SPK) and 10-25 wt % mesitylene. 1. A motor fuel comprising 70-99 wt % gasoline and 1-30 wt % mesitylene.2. The motor fuel of comprising 80-99 wt % gasoline and 1-20 wt % mesitylene.3. The motor fuel of comprising 80-95 wt % gasoline and 5-20 wt % mesitylene.4. The motor fuel of comprising 80-90 wt % gasoline and 10-20 wt % mesitylene.5. The motor fuel of in which the motor fuel has a FBP max of 225° C. claim 1 , a MON of 80 to 94 claim 1 , and an RVP of 38-103 kPa.6. The motor fuel of in which the motor fuel has a FBP of 170° C. to 225° C.7. The motor fuel of in which the motor fuel has a 90% BP max of 185° C.8. The motor fuel of in which the motor fuel has a 90% BP of 130° C. to 185° C.9. The motor fuel of in which the motor fuel has a MON of at least 91.10. The motor fuel of in which the motor fuel has a FBP of 170° C. to 225° C.11. The motor fuel of in which the motor fuel has an RVP of 38-49 kPa.12. The motor fuel of in which the motor fuel has a FBP of 170° C. to 225° C.13. The motor fuel of in which the motor fuel has a MON of at least 91.14. The motor fuel of in which the motor fuel has a FBP of 170° C. to 225° C.15. The motor fuel of in which the motor fuel has a 90% BP max of 185° C.16. The motor fuel of in which the motor fuel has a 90% BP of 130° C. ...

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Номер записи: 97

16-01-2020 дата публикации

FISCHER-TROPSCH FEEDSTOCK DERIVED HAZE-FREE BASE OIL FRACTIONS

Номер: US20200017780A1

Автор: AARTS Godfried Johannes, ALBE Eglantine Armelle Christiane Colette Marie, CREYGHTON Edward Julius, Kieffer Eduard Philip, MONIZ JARDIM José Luís, Van Der Hulst Cornelis Hyacinthus Maria

Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a method for reducing the cloud point of a Fischer-Tropsch derived fraction to below 0° C., wherein the method comprises subjecting the Fischer-Tropsch derived fraction to a cloud point reduction step comprising mixing the Fischer-Tropsch derived fraction, which comprises more than 80 wt. % of paraffins and 90 wt. % of saturates, with a solvent mixture (), wherein the solvent mixture () comprises a paraffinic naphtha fraction () and a co-solvent (); and subjecting the solvent treatment mixture () to a solvent de-waxing step (). 1. A method for reducing the cloud point of a Fischer-Tropsch derived fraction to below 0° C. , wherein the method comprises subjecting the Fischer-Tropsch derived fraction to a cloud point reduction step comprising:{'b': 16', '16', '7', '15', '23, '(a) adding the Fischer-Tropsch derived fraction, which comprises more than 80% of paraffins and 90% of saturates, with a solvent mixture (), wherein the solvent mixture () comprises a paraffinic naphtha fraction () and a co-solvent () to obtain a solvent treatment mixture (); and'}{'b': 23', '17, '(b) subjecting the solvent treatment mixture () to a solvent de-waxing step ().'}27. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the paraffinic naphtha fraction () comprises paraffinic molecules comprising carbon chain length in the range of from 5 to 11.37. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the paraffinic naphtha fraction () comprises paraffinic molecules of carbon chain length 6 claim 1 , 7 and 8.47. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the paraffinic naphtha fraction () comprises paraffinic molecules of carbon chain length of either 5 claim 1 , or 6 claim 1 , or 7 claim 1 , or 8 or 9 claim 1 , or 10 claim 1 , or 11 claim 1 , or a mixture comprising any combinations thereof.515. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the co-solvent () is methyl isobutyl ketone or methyl butyl ketone or methyl propyl ketone or methyl isopropyl ketone.615. The method ...

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Номер записи: 98

16-01-2020 дата публикации

METHODS OF USING IONIC LIQUIDS AS PARAFFIN INHIBITORS, POUR POINT DEPRESSANTS AND COLD FLOW IMPROVERS

Номер: US20200017790A1

Автор: Weers Jerry

Принадлежит:

The disclosure relates to the use of ionic liquids as paraffin inhibitors, pour point depressant or cold flow improvers in the production, treatment and refining of hydrocarbon fluids. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein A is or contains nitrogen or a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring; and anion X is selected from the group consisting of anionic metallic complexes; sulfur or silicon containing anions; anionic phosphate esters; anionic thiophosphate esters; anionic phosphonate esters; anionic thiophosphonate esters; anionic thiols; anionic natural products; anionic phenols; anionic phenol resins; alkoxides; anionic copolymers of alpha olefins and maleic anhydride claim 1 , esters claim 1 , amides claim 1 , imides or derivatives thereof or a mixture thereof; amino fatty acids; anionic alkoxylated fatty acids; anionic alkyl substituted phosphines; anionic urea; anionic thiourea; anionic acrylamido-methyl propane sulfonate/acrylic acid copolymers; anionic homopolymers claim 1 , copolymers and terpolymers of one or more acrylates claim 1 , methacylates and acrylamides claim 1 , optionally copolymerized with one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers; anionic ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers; anionic phosphated maleic copolymers and mixture thereof or a zwitterion.4. The method claim 3 , wherein R claim 3 , R claim 3 , R claim 3 , R claim 3 , R claim 3 , Rand Rare independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen; benzyl; oxyalkyl; a straight or branched Calkyl group; a Calkylbenzyl group; a Carylalkyl group; a straight or branched Calkenyl group; a Chydroxyalkyl group; a Chydroxyalkylbenzyl group; and a polyoxyalkylene group and further wherein R groups may be joined to form a heterocyclic nitrogen or phosphorus containing ring; and Ris a straight or branched Calkylene claim 3 , an alkylene oxyalkylene claim 3 , or an alkylene polyoxyalkylene.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein A is or contains nitrogen.6. The method of claim 4 , wherein X is an anionic ...

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Номер записи: 99

26-01-2017 дата публикации

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR PROCESSING LIGNIN THROUGH VISCOSITY REDUCTION DURING HYDROTHERMAL DIGESTION OF CELLULOSIC BIOMASS SOLIDS

Номер: US20170021327A1

Автор: CHHEDA Juben Nemchand, JOHNSON Kimberly Ann, Komplin Glenn Charles, POWELL Joseph Broun

Принадлежит:

Digestion of cellulosic biomass solids may be complicated by lignin release therefrom, which can produce a highly viscous phenolics liquid phase comprising lignin polymer. Systems for processing a phenolics liquid phase comprising lignin polymer may comprise: a hydrothermal digestion unit; a viscosity measurement device within the hydrothermal digestion unit or in flow communication with the hydrothermal digestion unit; a temperature control device within the hydrothermal digestion unit or in flow communication with the hydrothermal digestion unit; and a processing device communicatively coupled to the viscosity measurement device and the temperature control device, the processing device being configured to actuate the temperature control device if the viscosity of a fluid phase comprising lignin exceeds a threshold value in the biomass conversion system. 1. A method comprising: a hydrothermal digestion unit;', 'a viscosity measurement device within the hydrothermal digestion unit or in flow communication with the hydrothermal digestion unit;', 'a temperature control device within the hydrothermal digestion unit or in flow communication with the hydrothermal digestion unit, the temperature control device configured to control a temperature in the hydrothermal digestion unit; and', 'a processing device communicatively coupled to the viscosity measurement device and the temperature control device;, 'providing a biomass conversion system comprisingproviding the hydrothermal digestion unit with cellulosic biomass solids in the presence of a digestion solvent, molecular hydrogen, and a slurry catalyst capable of activating molecular hydrogen;heating the cellulosic biomass solids to a temperature of at least 150 degrees C. to form a reaction product comprising a fluid phase comprising lignin, an aqueous phase comprising an alcoholic component derived from the cellulosic biomass solids, and an optional light organics phase;measuring a viscosity of the fluid phase ...

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Номер записи: 100