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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Применить Всего найдено 4707. Отображено 100.

26-01-2012 дата публикации

Waste heat boiler

Номер: US20120017853A1

Автор: Cornelius Johannes Schellekens, Thomas Paul Von Kossak-Glowczewski

Принадлежит: Individual

Waste heat boiler ( 1 ) being an elongated vessel comprising a co-axial positioned tubular channel ( 4 ) for hot gas, said channel further being provided with an inlet ( 11 ) for hot gas and an outlet for cooled gas, wherein a gas pathway ( 6 ) is defined between said inlet and outlet of said tubular channel and wherein in the gas pathway one or more bundles of tubular cooling surfaces are present, said tubular cooling surfaces ( 7 ) positioned co-axial with the channel, wherein the tubular channel is closed at one end ( 8 ), thereby forming a gas reversal chamber ( 9 ), and wherein the gas inlet is an opening in the wall of the tubular channel positioned between the gas reversal chamber and the gas pathway, wherein the inlet for hot gas is connected to an inlet conduit ( 11 ), which conduit is positioned under an angle α with said tubular channel and wherein at the hot gas inlet in the tubular channel a diverter plate ( 12 ) is present.

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Номер записи: 1

16-02-2012 дата публикации

Method and apparatus for processing of carbon-containing feed stock into gasification gas

Номер: US20120036778A1

Автор: Sergii Y. Stryzhak

Принадлежит: Individual

The invention relates to chemical technology and equipment, in particular to apparatuses of processing of solid household and industrial waste, as well as other carbon-containing feedstock into combustible gasification gas and methods for pyrolysis and downdraft gasification process.

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Номер записи: 2

26-04-2012 дата публикации

Process for purifying solid carboniferous fuels prior to combustion, liquefaction or gasification using a rotary chamber

Номер: US20120096764A1

Автор: Peter Rugg

Принадлежит: Individual

Solid carboniferous fuels contain varying quantities of moisture, mercury, chlorine, nitrogen, sulfur, heavy metals and other materials that attain vapor pressure at elevated temperatures. The cost effective removal of these degrading and sometimes hazardous materials is important to the further use of the fuel for combustion as a solid, liquid, or gas. The solid fuel is cut, shredded, ground or sieved to appropriate size, and heated in a chamber that can exclude oxygen and air thus preventing ignition. The unwanted materials are driven in the gaseous state and extracted for disposal. The solid fuel cleaned of pollutants exits the chamber and is cooled below ignition temperature prior to contact with oxygen. The solid fuel thus purified is more appropriate for combustion, liquefaction or gasification due to the reduced costs in use as a fuel or in the post combustion clean up.

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Номер записи: 3

17-05-2012 дата публикации

Entrained flow gasifier with integrated radiation cooler

Номер: US20120117878A1

Автор: Christian Reuther, Frank Hannemann, Manfred Schingnitz, Ralph Schumann, Thomas Fleischer

Принадлежит: SIEMENS AG

An entrained flow gasifier designed as a component for an Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle plant of optimized efficiency is provided. The raw gas initially flows through a waste heat unit designed as a radiation cooler and subsequently flows through a full water quench. This results in a higher ratio of steam in the raw gas, which decreases the medium-pressure steam supply before the water-gas shift and thus improves efficiency in IGCC plants with CO 2 separation.

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Номер записи: 4

24-05-2012 дата публикации

Pyrolyser

Номер: US20120125757A1

Автор: Robert D. Eden

Принадлежит: Process Ltd

The present invention provides a pyrolysis system comprising an entrained flow pyrolyser having an opening through which biomass can be added. The pyrolyser also has an inlet for hot exhaust gas, an outlet for pyrolysed biomass and an outlet for syngas. The system has a burner for producing hot exhaust gas and a conduit between the burner and the hot exhaust gas inlet. A syngas extraction means for extracting syngas from the pyrolyser. The syngas extraction means extracts syngas from the pyrolyser at a rate such that the internal pressure within the pyrolyser never exceeds the pressure external to the pyrolyser.

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Номер записи: 5

31-05-2012 дата публикации

Fuel injector having tip cooling

Номер: US20120132725A1

Автор: Constantin Dinu

Принадлежит: General Electric Co

According to various embodiments, a system includes a gasification fuel injector. The gasification fuel injector includes a tip portion, an annular coolant chamber disposed in the tip portion, a recessed surface for cooling control and a first structural support extending through the annular coolant chamber. The first structural support divides the annular coolant chamber into a first passage and a second passage.

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Номер записи: 6

05-07-2012 дата публикации

Integrated gasification combined cycle plant with char preparation system

Номер: US20120167585A1

Автор: Alex Wormser

Принадлежит: Wormser Energy Solutions Inc

Provided herein are systems, methods and equipment that include Integrated Gasification Combined-Cycle technology to retrofit existing plants, that include, e.g., subsystems for separating char fines from syngas after it emerges from an internally-circulating fluidized bed carbonizer and injecting the char into the carbonizer draft tube as a fuel source. Efficiency and power generation are thus increased to the extent that inclusion of carbon capture systems are now possible for existing coal plants in order to significantly reduce carbon dioxide emissions.

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Номер записи: 7

26-07-2012 дата публикации

Gasification reactor for production of crude gas containing co or h2

Номер: US20120189499A1

Автор: Eberhard Kuske, Johannes Dostal, Lothar Semrau, Reinald Schulze Eckel

Принадлежит: THYSSENKRUPP UHDE GMBH

In the case of a gasification reactor for the production of crude gas, containing CO or H 2 , by gasification of ash-containing fuel with oxygen-containing gas, at temperatures above the melting temperature of the ash, wherein a reaction chamber formed by a membrane wall through which coolant flows, within a pressure container, is provided, with a narrowing transition channel into a gas cooling chamber, wherein spin-reducing, cooled bulkheads are provided in the transition channel, a solution is to be created, with which a strand formation of the outflowing ash can be achieved, for one thing, and, for another, a further slag drip edge that ensures optimal slag outflow is made available. This is achieved in that the wall ( 14 ) that carries the bulkheads ( 9 ) makes a transition, below the bulkheads, into a cylinder wall ( 17 ) that is reduced in diameter, by way of a step ( 21 ) having a corrugated surface, that the cylinder wall ( 17 ), which is reduced in diameter, is enclosed by a further cylindrical wall ( 19 ), which is enlarged in diameter, which wall forms a second slag drip edge ( 10 ) at its end, in the direction of gravity, and that the further cylindrical wall ( 19 ) is disposed to be adjustable (arrow 22 ) in its vertical position, with reference to the first drip edge ( 18 ).

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Номер записи: 8

04-10-2012 дата публикации

Process to provide a particulate solid material to a pressurised reactor

Номер: US20120251408A1

Автор: Govert Gerardus Pieter Van Der Ploeg

Принадлежит: Shell Oil Co

A system to provide a particulate solid material to a pressurised gasification reactor includes a low pressure storage vessel fluidly connected to the inlet of a bulk materials pump, a first part of a transport conduit directly connecting the outlet of the bulk materials pump to an inlet of a diverter valve, a second part of the transport conduit connecting an outlet of the diverter valve to a burner as present in a reactor vessel, wherein said diverter valve is provided with a second outlet connecting a recycle conduit with the low pressure storage vessel and which diverter valve is adjustable to either fluidly connect the bulk materials pump to the burner or alternatively fluidly connect the bulk materials pump to the low pressure storage vessel.

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Номер записи: 9

11-10-2012 дата публикации

Metering system, dense phase conveying system and method for supplying bulk material in powder form

Номер: US20120257934A1

Автор: Christian Eichhorn, Dietmar Rüger, Horst Kretschmer, Jörg Kleeberg, Olaf Schulze

Принадлежит: Linde GmbH

The present invention relates to a metering system for the steady, continuous, dosed supply of a bulk material in powder form made of light, polydisperse particles from a supply device (B, SG) into a plurality of conveying tubes (FR 1 , FR 2 , FR 3 ) to a consumer arranged downstream. The metering system comprises at least two metering containers (DB 1 , DB 2 , DB 3 ) each having a delivery device (AE 2/1 , AE 2/2 , AE 2/3 ), the delivery device (AE 2/1 , AE 2/2 , AE 2/3 ) for each of the conveying tubes (FR 1 , FR 2 , FR 3 ) comprising a dust flow regulation device (FI 1/1 , FI 2/1 , FI 3/2 ), which is assigned thereto and opens therein, and a mass flow measuring probe (FIC 1 , FIC 2 , FIC 3 ) being arranged on each of the conveying tubes (FR 1 , FR 2 , FR 3 ), which is coupled to the dust flow regulation device (FI 1/1 to FI 3/2 ) which opens into the corresponding conveying tube (FR 1 , FR 2 , FR 3 ). Furthermore, the metering system has a pressure regulation device, which is coupled to the pressure measuring devices (PI 1/1 , PI 1/2 , PI 1/3 ) arranged on the delivery devices (AE 2/1 , AE 2/2 , AE 2/3 ), and which controls a metering container pressure (PIS 2/1 , PIS 2/2 , PIS 2/3 ) at least as a function of a metering container fill level (LIS 1 , LIS 2 , LIS 3 ). A pump device (V) can be coupled to each of the metering containers (DB 1 , DB 2 , DB 3 ), which provides a pressure (PIS 2/1 , PIS 2/2 , PIS 2/3 ) in the metering container (DB 1 , DB 2 , DB 3 ), which is less than a pressure in the supply device (B, SG). Furthermore, the invention discloses a dense phase conveying system, which comprises the metering system and a method for the steady, continuous, dosed supply of a bulk material in powder form made of light, polydisperse particles.

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Номер записи: 10

10-01-2013 дата публикации

Quench chamber assembly for a gasifier

Номер: US20130011308A1

Автор: Allyson Joy Jimenez-Huyke, Gregory Michael Laskowski, Helge Burghard Herwig Klockow, Jennifer Lynn Moyer, Judeth Brannon Corry, Karl Hardcastle, Prashant Tiwari, Scott Reginald Parent, Shailesh Singh Bhaisora, Steven Craig Russell, Yulianto Salahuddin Mohsin

Принадлежит: General Electric Co

A gasifier includes a combustion chamber in which a fuel is burned to produce a syngas and a particulated solid residue. A quench chamber is disposed downstream of the combustion chamber. A dip tube is disposed coupling the combustion chamber to the quench chamber. The syngas is directed to contact liquid coolant in the quench chamber and produce a cooled syngas. A draft tube is disposed surrounding the dip tube such that an annular passage is formed. A baffle is disposed proximate to an exit path of the quench chamber. The cooled syngas is directed through the annular passage and impacted against the baffle so as to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas before it is directed through the exit path. A cross sectional area of the annular passage is smaller towards the bottom of the quench chamber and larger towards the top of the quench chamber.

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Номер записи: 11

04-04-2013 дата публикации

Multi-stream feed injector

Номер: US20130084224A1

Автор: Ali Ergut

Принадлежит: General Electric Co

In certain embodiments, a feed injector system includes an inner channel configured to convey at least one of a solid fuel feed or a liquid reactant or moderator to a reaction zone. A first oxidizer channel extends around the inner channel, wherein the first oxidizer channel is configured to convey a first oxidizer stream to the reaction zone. A second oxidizer channel extends around the first oxidizer channel, wherein the second oxidizer channel is configured to convey a second oxidizer stream to the reaction zone. Additionally, a third channel extends around the inner channel and the first and second oxidizer channels, wherein the third channel is configured to convey at least one of the solid fuel feed or the liquid reactant or moderator to the reaction zone.

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Номер записи: 12

16-05-2013 дата публикации

Gas distributor for a rotary kiln

Номер: US20130119315A1

Автор: Amirali G. Rehmat

Принадлежит: Individual

A rotating air distributor for rotary reactors such as rotary kilns for the gasification of biomass and other carbonaceous materials for efficient mixing and maximum conversion of solid biomass and other carbonaceous materials into synthesis fuel gas is disclosed. The invention includes a gas distribution port comprises of one main supply from which several discharge nozzles emerge at different angles and at different locations along the length of the reactor to provide distribution of gas throughout the intended length of the reactor. The discharge of gas from the gas distribution port is adjusted by the variable position of a plug inside the port that can be adjusted during the operation of the kiln to achieve optimum gas-solid interaction along the length of the reactor. The rotating action of the gas distribution port also facilitates and eases the passage of reacted biomass solid and other carbonaceous material residue through the reactor.

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Номер записи: 13

01-08-2013 дата публикации

System and method for heating a gasifier

Номер: US20130192139A1

Автор: John Saunders Stevenson, Shashishekara Sitharamarao Talya

Принадлежит: General Electric Co

A system includes a gasifier configured to gasify a gasification fuel during a gasification mode. The system also includes a first injector configured to inject a heat control fuel and an oxygen enriched air into the gasifier for combustion during a heat control mode. The heat control fuel is the same or different from the gasification fuel, and the oxygen enriched air includes air enriched with additional oxygen.

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Номер записи: 14

05-09-2013 дата публикации

Horizontally-Oriented Gasifier with Lateral Transfer System

Номер: US20130228445A1

Автор: Andreas Tsangaris, Douglas Michael Feasby, Geoffrey Dobbs, Kenneth Craig Campbell, Mao Pei Cui, Zhiyuan Shen

Принадлежит: Plasco Energy Group Inc

A method and apparatus is described for the efficient conversion of carbonaceous feedstock including municipal solid waste into a product gas through gasification. More specifically, a horizontally-oriented gasifier having one or more lateral transfer system for moving material through the gasifier is provided thereby allowing for the horizontal expansion of the gasification process such that there is sequential promotion of feedstock drying, volatization and char-to-ash conversions.

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Номер записи: 15

26-09-2013 дата публикации

Macroapparatus for the production and treatment of gas obtained from mineral coal

Номер: US20130247846A1

Автор: Giovanni Cappello

Принадлежит: KOAR ENERGY RESOURCES LLC

A plant and a method for the production of energy from coal CM. In the plant, a macroapparatus comprises: an updraft gasifier, a dedusting unit; an evaporative cooler; a scrubber; and a humidifier. The cooler and the scrubber each comprise means for spraying an aqueous mixture into the gas, a basin for storing a quantity of condensed aqueous mixture, a recirculation circuit for removing the aqueous mixture from the basin and supplying it to the spraying means, and a bleed for removing the condensed pollutants and conveying them to the gasifier. The scrubber also comprises a heat exchanger along the recirculation circuit. The humidifier comprises: means for spraying into an oxygenated gas the aqueous mixture drawn from the cooler basin; a line for supplying the wet oxygenated gas to the gasifier.

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Номер записи: 16

21-11-2013 дата публикации

Method of gasifying carbonaceous material and a gasification system

Номер: US20130306913A1

Автор: Chun-zhu LI, Hongwei WU, Mohammad Asadullah, Xiaoshan WANG

Принадлежит: Curtin University of Technology

A method of gasifying carbonaceous material is described. The method comprises a first step of pyrolysing and partially gasifying the carbonaceous material to produce volatiles and char. The volatiles and the char are then separated and, subsequently, the char is gasified and the volatiles are reformed. The raw product gas is then finally cleaned with char or char-supported catalysts or other catalysts.

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Номер записи: 17

12-12-2013 дата публикации

Fluidized bed furnace

Номер: US20130327257A1

Автор: Hiroyuki Hosoda, Sadanori KUDOU, Takuya Kawai

Принадлежит: Kobelco Eco Solutions Co Ltd

Provided is a fluidized bed furnace for heating waste to extract a combustible gas from the waste, including: a plurality of wind boxes arranged on a lower side of a bottom wall of a furnace body to blow a fluidizing gas into the fluidized bed; a plurality of temperature detection sections disposed at respective positions allowing detection of temperatures of an upper position and a lower position vertically spaced in a first region, and allowing detection of temperatures of upper and lower positions vertically spaced in a second region; and a control section operable, based on the temperatures detected by the temperature detection sections, to adjust an air ratio of the fluidizing gas to be fed to each of the wind boxes, so that the temperature of the fluidized bed is raised in a direction from the first region toward the second region.

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Номер записи: 18

09-01-2014 дата публикации

Injector having interchangeable injector orifices

Номер: US20140008466A1

Автор: Stephen Arthur Yows

Принадлежит: Individual

An impingement injector includes an injector core having a plurality of conduits. The conduits include a first conduit and second conduits disposed circumferentially around the first conduit. The second conduits are at an impinging angle with respect to the first conduit. Replaceable, tunable jets are disposed in corresponding ones of the second conduits.

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Номер записи: 19

07-01-2016 дата публикации

GASIFIER FLUIDIZATION

Номер: US20160002547A1

Автор: BORUM Bryan C., CARRYER Benjamin H., ELROD Eric R., JIANG Weibin, MCCOMISH Bruce E., ROBERTSON Mark K., WEEKS Sim, WRIGHT Harold A.

Принадлежит:

A system for the production of synthesis gas, including a gasification apparatus configured to convert at least a portion of a gasifier feed material introduced thereto into a gasification product gas comprising synthesis gas having a molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide; at least one additional apparatus selected from the group consisting of feed preparation apparatus located upstream of the gasification apparatus, synthesis gas conditioning apparatus, and synthesis gas utilization apparatus; and at least one line fluidly connecting the at least one additional apparatus or an outlet of the gasification apparatus with the at least one vessel of the gasification apparatus, whereby a gas from the at least one additional apparatus or exiting the gasification apparatus may provide at least one non-steam component of a fluidization gas. A method of utilizing the system is also provided. 1. A system for the production of synthesis gas , the system comprising:a gasification apparatus configured to convert at least a portion of a gasifier feed material introduced thereto into a gasification product gas comprising synthesis gas having a molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide, wherein the gasification apparatus comprises at least one vessel configured for fluidization of the contents thereof via introduction thereto of a fluidization gas comprising at least one non-steam component;at least one additional apparatus selected from the group consisting of feed preparation apparatus located upstream of the gasification apparatus and configured to prepare a carbonaceous material for introduction into the gasification apparatus; synthesis gas conditioning apparatus configured to produce a conditioned synthesis gas having a molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide that is different from the molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide in the gasification product gas, to provide a conditioned synthesis gas having a reduced amount of at least one component relative to the ...

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Номер записи: 20

04-01-2018 дата публикации

Process for and processor of natural gas and activated carbon together with blower

Номер: US20180002625A1

Автор: Aaron Sherman

Принадлежит:

A method of and device for processing carbonacious material into gas and activated carbon together with blower. 1. A method of processing carbonacious material into volatiles and activated carbon , comprising the steps of:placing feedstock onto a fluidized bed;directing superheated non-oxygenated gas through the fluidized bed;adjusting a velocity of the superheated gas such that the gas is slow enough to leave the feedstock on the fluidized bed and fast enough to remove activated carbon and volatiles;allowing cleaning of the volatiles using the activated carbon to form clean volatiles and activated carbon;separating the volatiles and the activated carbon;recycling a portion of the volatiles back to the fluidized bed;collecting a non-recycled portion of the volatiles; andcollecting the activated carbon.2. The method of wherein the feedstock comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of: coal claim 1 , municipal solid waste claim 1 , sewage claim 1 , wood waste claim 1 , biomass claim 1 , paper claim 1 , plastics claim 1 , hazardous waste claim 1 , tar claim 1 , pitch claim 1 , activated sludge claim 1 , rubber tires and oil-based residue.3. The method of wherein the superheated gas is heated to a temperature between 1000 degrees F. and 1500 degrees F.4. The method of wherein the superheated gas is heated to a temperature between 1000 degrees F. and 1200 degrees F.5. The method of wherein the superheated gas is natural gas.6. The method of wherein the natural gas is clean natural gas.7. The method of wherein the clean natural gas is recycled.8. The method of wherein the natural gas is medium BTU natural gas.9. The method of further comprising the step of vaporizing the volatiles sufficiently fast to activate the carbon.10. The method of further comprising the step of:floating the feedstock in the superheated gas.11. The method of further comprising the step of:co-mingling the activated carbon and volatiles.12. The method of further comprising the ...

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Номер записи: 21

07-01-2021 дата публикации

POWDER FUEL SUPPLY APPARATUS, GASFIER UNIT, INTEGRATED GASIFICATION COMBINED CYCLE, AND CONTROL METHOD OF POWDER FUEL SUPPLY APPARATUS

Номер: US20210002566A1

Автор: Kasai Jun, Nishimura Koji, Urakata Yuichiro

Принадлежит: Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems, Ltd.

Provided is a powder fuel supply apparatus comprising a distributor () that branches supplied powder fuel to a plurality of branch tubes (), a plurality of burners () connected to downstream ends () of the plurality of branch tubes (), respectively, to supply char into a gasification furnace that gasifies the powder fuel, a flow nozzle () provided in each of the plurality of branch tubes (), to apply pressure loss to char flow in the branch tube (), a differential pressure gauge () that measures a differential pressure generated by the flow nozzle (), and a control unit that determines decrease in flow velocity of the char flow based on the differential pressure obtained by the differential pressure gauge (). 1. A powder fuel supply apparatus comprising:a distributor that branches supplied powder fuel to a plurality of branch tubes,a plurality of burners connected to downstream ends of the plurality of branch tubes, respectively, to supply the powder fuel into a gasification furnace that gasifies the powder fuel,a flow nozzle provided in each of the plurality of branch tubes, to apply pressure loss to powder fuel flow in the branch tube, and to equally distribute a flow rate of the powder fuel flowing through each of the branch tubes,a pressure loss measuring unit for measuring a differential pressure generated by the flow nozzle, anda control unit that determines decrease in flow velocity of the powder fuel based on the differential pressure.2. The powder fuel supply apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising:an inert gas additional supply unit for additionally supplying an inert gas to powder fuel flow of pulverized fuel flowing together with the inert gas toward the distributor, anda control unit that increases a flow rate of the inert gas to be additionally supplied from the inert gas additional supply unit in a case where decrease in flow velocity of the powder fuel flowing through the branch tube is determined based on the differential pressure.3. A ...

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Номер записи: 22

07-01-2021 дата публикации

SLAG DISCHARGE DEVICE, GASIFIER FURNACE AND INTEGRATED GASIFICATION COMBINED CYCLE, AND SLAG DISCHARGE METHOD

Номер: US20210002567A1

Автор: ARAKAWA Yoshiaki, Kitada Masashi, Koyama Yoshinori, KUME Tatsuya, Miyata Yasuyuki, Shibata Yasunari, Shinoda Haruto

Принадлежит: Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems, Ltd.

An object is to curb damage localized in a slag capturing portion caused when slag passes therethrough. A slag discharge device includes: a screen mesh () that is a porous member including a plurality of through-holes () formed therein; and a crushing device () that crushes water-granulated slag (S) captured by the screen mesh (). The crushing device has a crusher head () that breaks, with a pressure, and thus crushes the water-granulated slag (S), a hydraulic cylinder () that reciprocates the crusher head in a predetermined direction, a guide plate () that restricts movement of the crusher head caused by the hydraulic cylinder, and a plurality of crushing spaces () in which the water-granulated slag (S) is crushed. A communication opening that causes the crushing spaces () to communicate with each other is formed in a partitioning wall guide plate () of the guide plate. 1. A slag discharge device that discharges , from a gasifier furnace adapted to gasify carbonaceous feedstock , slag that is generated at a combustor portion of the gasifier furnace and drops from the combustor portion , the slag discharge device comprising:a capturing portion that is a porous member provided vertically below the combustor portion so as to intersect a dropping direction of the slag and including a plurality of through-holes formed therein, that allows the slag smaller than the through-holes to pass therethrough, and that captures the slag larger than the through-holes; anda crushing means for crushing the slag captured by the capturing portion,wherein the crushing means has a plurality of crushing portions that break, with a pressure, and thus crush the slag that is present on a main capturing surface that is an upper surface of the capturing portion in a vertical direction, a drive portion that reciprocates the crushing portions in a predetermined direction along the main capturing surface, regulation portions that regulate a direction of moving of the crushing portions caused by ...

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Номер записи: 23

03-01-2019 дата публикации

Arrangement and method for preparing a gas

Номер: US20190002777A1

Автор: Karvonen Teuvo

Принадлежит: ForestGas Oy

The invention relates to an arrangement for preparing a gas in a closable reactor by supplying the reactor with carbon-based biomass or chopped wood material, such as chips, in substantially oxygen-free conditions, by allowing the biomass or wood material to gasify at a high temperature, and by recovering the gas generated in a gasification reaction. In that the arrangement the reactor has its interior defined by a feed pipe whose inlet end is closable with a shut-off valve, especially with a ball valve, and whose outlet end adjoins a heatable gasification dome, biomass or chopped wood material is delivered from the feed pipe's inlet end into the reactor's interior, the reactor's interior is supplied with free water/water vapor in its supercritical state, which is optionally prepared catalytically by splitting water/water vapor, the biomass or wood material is conveyed into a gasification space of the reactor's interior, which is in connection with the heated gasification dome and which is adapted to have existing conditions selected in a manner such that the water present in said gasification space is present in its supercritical state, and the gas generated in the gasification reaction is recovered. 13. An arrangement for preparing a gas (G) in a closable reactor () by supplying said reactor with carbon-based biomass or chopped wood material , such as chips , in substantially oxygen-free conditions , by allowing the biomass or wood material to gasify at a high temperature , and by recovering the gas (G) generated in a gasification reaction (R) , wherein{'b': 3', '30', '24', '36, 'the reactor () has its interior () defined by a feed pipe whose inlet end is closable with a shut-off valve (), especially with a ball valve, and whose outlet end adjoins a heatable gasification dome (),'}{'b': '3', "biomass or chopped wood material is delivered from the feed pipe's inlet end into the reactor's () interior,"}{'b': '30', "the reactor's interior () is supplied with free ...

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Номер записи: 24

12-01-2017 дата публикации

SYSTEM FOR GASIFICATION OF SOLID WASTE AND METHOD OF OPERATION

Номер: US20170009160A1

Автор: Fronk Matthew H., Reich Courtney E.

Принадлежит:

A system and method of producing syngas is provided. The system includes a low tar gasification generator that receives at least a first and second feedstock stream, such as a solid waste stream. The first and second feedstock streams are mixed and gasified to produce a first gas stream. An operating parameter is measured and a ratio of the first and second feedstock streams is changed in response to the measurement. 1. A system for converting solid waste material to a syngas comprising:a feedstock module configured to receive at least a first feedstock stream and a second feedstock stream, the second feedstock stream being different than the first feedstock stream, the feedstock module being further configured to mix the first feedstock stream and the second feedstock stream at a first ratio to produce a first refuse derived feedstock;an input module having a low tar gasification generator configured to produce a first gas stream in response to receiving the refuse derived feedstock, the first gas stream including hydrogen;a process module fluidly coupled to receive the first gas stream, the process module including at least one clean-up process module configured to remove at least one contaminant from the first gas stream and produce a second gas stream containing hydrogen;a first sensor arranged to measure a first operating parameter; anda control system coupled for communication to the feedstock module and the sensor, the control system having a processor responsive to executable computer instructions for changing the ratio of the first mixture of the first feedstock stream to the second feedstock stream to a second ratio in response to receiving the first parameter.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first operating parameter is a temperature of the syngas entering the process module.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the second feedstock stream has a higher energy content than the first feedstock stream.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the temperature is ...

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Номер записи: 25

12-01-2017 дата публикации

REGENERATOR FOR SYNGAS CLEANUP AND ENERGY RECOVERY IN GASIFIER SYSTEMS

Номер: US20170009162A1

Автор: Batdorf James A., Bromberg Leslie, Cohn Daniel R., Lamar David A., Surma Jeffrey E.

Принадлежит: INENTEC INC.

A rotating heat regenerator is used to recover heat from the syngas at it exits the reactor vessel of a waste or biomass gasifier. In some embodiments, three or more streams are passed through the heat exchanger. One stream is the dirty syngas, which heats the rotating material. A second stream is a cold stream that is heated as it passes through the material. A third stream is a cleaning stream, which serves to remove particulates that are collected on the rotating material as the dirty syngas passes through it. This apparatus can also be used as an auto-heat exchanger, or it can exchange heat between separate flows in the gasifier process. The apparatus can also be used to reduce the heating requirement for the thermal residence chamber (TRC) used downstream from the gasification system 1. A sealing element for a movable device , said movable device being adjacent to a surface , the sealing element comprising:an expandable bladder, having a deflated state wherein a space exists between said movable device and said surface and an inflated state wherein said bladder contacts said movable device and said surface; anda first port through which a gas or fluid is passed to create said deflated and inflated states.2. The sealing element of claim 1 , further comprising a second port such that said gas or fluid enters through said first port and exits through said second port claim 1 , so as to maintain the temperature of said sealing element.3. The sealing element of claim 1 , wherein said bladder comprises steel.4. The sealing element of claim 1 , wherein said bladder comprises refractory metal.5. The sealing element of claim 1 , wherein said movable device is a rotating energy exchanger.6. The sealing element of claim 1 , wherein said movable device comprises a circular cross-section claim 1 , and said bladder surrounds a circumference of said circular cross-section of the moveable device.7. The sealing element of claim 1 , wherein the first port is located on an outer ...

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Номер записи: 26

14-01-2016 дата публикации

Fluidized bed system and method for operating fluidized bed furnace

Номер: US20160010007A1

Автор: Hiroshi FUNAGOSHI

Принадлежит: IHI Corp

A fluidized bed system includes a first nozzle group that is provided inside a fluidized bed furnace, a second nozzle group that is provided inside the fluidized bed furnace, a first supply section that supplies a gas into the fluidized bed furnace through the first nozzle group, a second supply section that supplies the gas into the fluidized bed furnace through both the first and second nozzle groups, and a control section that controls the second supply section during a start-up operation to supply the gas into the fluidized bed furnace to form a fluidized bed of a fluid medium inside the fluidized bed furnace, and stops the supply of the gas by the second supply section and controls the first supply section during a normal operation to supply the gas into the fluidized bed furnace to form the fluidized bed of the fluid medium inside the fluidized bed furnace.

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Номер записи: 27

21-01-2016 дата публикации

COAXIAL GASIFIER FOR ENHANCED HYDROGEN PRODUCTION

Номер: US20160017244A1

Автор: CHEIKY MICHAEL

Принадлежит: V-GRID ENERGY SYSTEMS

Embodiments of the invention are directed toward a coaxial gasifier for enhanced hydrogen production, comprising: downdraft gasifier comprising a hot zone for converting biomass to synthesis gas; and a coaxial gas converter disposed within the downdraft gasifier, the coaxial gas converter comprising a biochar inlet valve, a coaxial char tube, and a biochar and ash outlet valve.

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Номер записи: 28

17-01-2019 дата публикации

DEVICE FOR CONVEYING FUELS INTO A GASIFICATION REACTOR

Номер: US20190016979A1

Автор: RENSING Michael

Принадлежит:

A method of conveying fuel, such as bulk material, into a gasification reactor that has a lateral infeed opening can be practiced with device for conveying fuels into a gasification reactor comprising a bulk material container,a conveying pipe, into which a discharge of the bulk material container opens and which can be connected to a lateral infeed opening of the gasification reactor, and a mechanical conveying apparatus disposed in the conveying pipe, the conveying apparatus is formed by a hydraulically drivable plunger, which is movably guided in a first, cylindrical section of the conveying pipe, and in that the conveying pipe has an internal cross-section which decreases continuously in the conveying direction of the fuel in order to form a compacting cone in a second axial section that is downstream of the first section, wherein the second section is configured as an exchangeable pipe portion with another exchangeable pipe portion. 1. An invention selected from the group consisting of:{'b': 19', '3', '3', '11', '20, '(a) a device for conveying fuels into a gasification reactor, comprising a bulk material container, a conveying pipe, into which a discharge of the bulk material container opens and which can be connected to a lateral infeed opening of the gasification reactor, and a mechanical conveying apparatus disposed in the conveying pipe, characterized in that the conveying apparatus is formed by a hydraulically drivable plunger, which is movably guided in a first, cylindrical section () of the conveying pipe (), and in that the conveying pipe () has an internal cross-section, which decreases continuously in the conveying direction of the fuel in order to form a compacting cone () in a second axial section (); and'}{'b': 1', '6', '7', '6', '12', '9', '6', '4', '15', '12', '4', '7, 'sub': '2', 'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claims 1'}, '(b) a gasification device () comprising a gasification zone () to accommodate a stationary bed () and a combustion ...

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Номер записи: 29

16-01-2020 дата публикации

BIOMASS INJECTION INTO FLUID BED CATALYTIC PYROLYSIS REACTOR

Номер: US20200017770A1

Автор: AMBLARD Benjamin Thomas, DASARATHY Raghava, FEUGNET Frédéric Jean-Michel, GAUTHIER Thierry Albert Pierre, JR. Charles Mitchel, Schmelzer Eugene, Sorensen, TEBIANIAN Sina

Принадлежит:

An improved process is provided for catalytic pyrolysis of biomass, comprising pneumatically injecting a biomass feed via a pneumatic injection line into a fluidized heat medium, for example, hot catalyst, with a carrier gas at a velocity of from 5 to 40 m/s in at least one mixing zone in communication with a pyrolysis reactor in which catalytic pyrolysis occurs, and maintaining a catalyst/biomass mixture flowrate ratio (C/B) of from 4 to 40 downstream from the point of catalyst injection via a catalyst injection line in the at least one mixing zone. 1. A process for catalytic pyrolysis of biomass , comprising pneumatically injecting a biomass feed via a pneumatic injection line into a fluidized heat medium with a carrier gas at a velocity of from 5 to 40 m/s in at least one mixing zone in communication with a pyrolysis reactor in which catalytic pyrolysis occurs , and maintaining a catalyst/biomass mixture flowrate ratio (C/B) of from 4 to 40 downstream from the point of catalyst injection via a catalyst injection line in the at least one mixing zone.2. The process of wherein the biomass feed is injected through the pneumatic injection line in the at least one mixing zone having a horizontal claim 1 , upward or downward orientation with a deviation angle of 0 to 60 degrees.3. The process of wherein the deviation angle is 45 degrees.4. The process of wherein there are two pneumatic injection lines situated at opposite sides of the at least one mixing zone claim 1 , with 90° shift with respect to a heat medium inlet.5. The process of wherein the at least one mixing zone comprises a lift pipe connected to the bottom of a fluidized bed reactor by way of a termination device mounted on top of the lift pipe in order to diminish channeling and enhance a uniform distribution.6. The process of wherein the mixing zone comprises one to 4 lift pipes.7. The process of wherein feeding of biomass into the pneumatic injection line before pneumatic injection into the mixing zone is ...

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Номер записи: 30

16-01-2020 дата публикации

System for generating power from a syngas fermentation process

Номер: US20200017784A1

Автор: Graeme Parker, Kim OCFEMIA, Peter S. Bell, Stephen John Benstead

Принадлежит: Jupeng Bio Inc

A system and process is provided for generating power from a syngas fermentation process. The process includes contacting hot syngas having a temperature above about 1400° F. with cooled syngas to produce a pre-cooled syngas having a temperature of 1400° F. or less at an inlet of a waste heat boiler. A waste heat boiler receives the pre-cooled syngas and is effective for producing waste heat boiler high pressure steam and a cooled syngas.

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Номер записи: 31

19-01-2017 дата публикации

COMPACT GASIFIER-GENSET ARCHITECTURE

Номер: US20170018996A1

Автор: Bindbeutel Nick, Fisk-Vittori Ariel, Hasty Julia, Kaufmann Bear, Mason James Matthew

Принадлежит: All Power Labs, Inc.

A compact biomass gasification-based power generation system that converts carbonaceous material into electrical power, including an enclosure that encases: a gasifier including a pyrolysis module coaxially arranged above a reactor module, a generator including an engine and an alternator, and a hopper. The generator system additionally includes a first heat exchanger fluidly connected to an outlet of the reactor module and thermally connected to the drying module, a second heat exchanger fluidly connected to an outlet of the engine and thermally connected to the pyrolysis module, and a third heat exchanger fluidly connected between the outlet of the reactor module and the first heat exchanger, the third heat exchanger thermally connected to an air inlet of the reactor module. The system can additionally include a central wiring conduit electrically connected to the pyrolysis module, reactor module, and engine, and a control panel connected to the conduit that enables single-side operation. 1. A gasification based power generation system that converts carbonaceous material into electrical power , comprising:an open-air hopper;an airlock connected to an outlet of the hopper;a drying module connected to the airlock, the airlock configured to form a substantially fluid impermeable seal with the drying module;a gasifier comprising: a pyrolysis module and a reactor module, the pyrolysis module connected to the drying module and to the reactor module;an engine; and a first heat exchanger fluidly connected to an outlet of the reactor module and thermally connected to the drying module;', 'a second heat exchanger fluidly connected to an outlet of the engine and thermally connected to the pyrolysis module; and', 'a third heat exchanger fluidly connected between the outlet of the reactor module and the first heat exchanger, the third heat exchanger thermally connected to an air inlet of the reactor module., 'a heat exchange module comprising2. The system of claim 1 , wherein ...

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Номер записи: 32

28-01-2016 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR AN INDIRECT RADIATION DRIVEN GASIFIER REACTOR AND RECEIVER CONFIGURATION

Номер: US20160024403A1

Автор: Hilton Courtland, Jovanovic Zoran, Kelley Donna, Perkins Christopher, Strand Steven

Принадлежит:

A method, apparatus, and system for a solar-driven chemical plant are disclosed. Some embodiments may include a solar thermal receiver to absorb concentrated solar energy from an array of heliostats and a solar-driven chemical reactor. This chemical reactor may have multiple reactor tubes, in which particles of biomass may be gasified in the presence of a carrier gas in a gasification reaction to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide products. High heat transfer rates of the walls and tubes may allow the particles of biomass to achieve a high enough temperature necessary for substantial tar destruction and complete gasification of greater than 90 percent of the biomass particles into reaction products including hydrogen and carbon monoxide gas in a very short residence time between a range of 0.01 and 5 seconds. 117-. (canceled)18. An apparatus , comprising:a thermal receiver having inner walls that form a cavity space inside the thermal receiver;a chemical reactor that has one or more reactor tubes located inside the cavity space of the thermal receiver, where in the one or more reactor tubes a chemical reaction driven by radiant heat is configured to occur, wherein the chemical reaction includes one or more of biomass gasification, steam methane reforming, methane cracking, steam methane cracking to produce ethylene, metals refining, and CO2 or H2O splitting to be conducted in this chemical reactor using the radiant heat;a source of inert particles that are inert to the chemical reaction that includes one or more of biomass gasification, steam methane reforming, methane cracking, steam methane cracking to produce ethylene, metals refining, and CO2 or H2O splitting to be conducted in this chemical reactor using the radiant heat, where the source of inert particles couples to the one or more feed lines to add the inert particles to the chemical reactor;one or more feed lines coupled to the chemical reactor to add the inert particles for radiation absorption and re- ...

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Номер записи: 33

25-01-2018 дата публикации

Device and method for conveying bulk material into a pressure chamber

Номер: US20180022554A1

Автор: Harald Faber

Принадлежит: Schenck Process Europe GmbH

A device for continually conveying dust-like or granular bulk materials into a pressure Chamber, having an inlet opening through which the bulk material is supplied or discharged from a bulk material storage, a housing which is arranged along a rotational axis, a conveying region which adjoins the inlet opening, and a shaft which rotates in the housing and which has a conveyor arranged on the circumference. The rotational axis, the housing and the shaft are arranged vertically, and a seal in the form of a regeneratable material seal stopper. The seal sealing the pressure chamber, is arranged in the conveyor region between the pressure chamber and the inlet opening. The housing has a polygon, a cannelure, or at least one helically running groove on the housing inner wall, and the orientation of the polygon, the cannelure, or the groove runs substantially perpendicularly to the two-dimensional orientation of the conveyor.

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Номер записи: 34

25-01-2018 дата публикации

Combined Hydrothermal Liquefaction and Catalytic Hydrothermal Gasification System and Process for Conversion of Biomass Feedstocks

Номер: US20180023003A1

Автор: Elliott Douglas C., Hart Todd R., Neuenschwander Gary G.

Принадлежит: BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE

A combined hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) and catalytic hydrothermal gasification (CHG) system and process are described that convert various biomass-containing sources into separable bio-oils and aqueous effluents that contain residual organics. Bio-oils may be converted to useful bio-based fuels and other chemical feedstocks. Residual organics in HTL aqueous effluents may be gasified and converted into medium-BTU product gases and directly used for process heating or to provide energy. 119-. (canceled)20. A continuous biomass conversion process , comprising the steps of:providing a biomass conversion product comprising a bio oil fraction and an aqueous fraction, wherein each fraction is separable from the other fraction;without the aid of gravitational separation, continuously separating the bio oil fraction from the aqueous fraction; andconverting at least a portion of the aqueous fraction to a product gas containing a fuel gas.21. The process of claim 20 , wherein prior to continuously separating the bio oil fraction from the aqueous fraction claim 20 , further comprising removing solids from the biomass conversion product.22. The process of claim 20 , further comprising combusting the product gas to generate power.23. The process of claim 20 , wherein the product gas comprises one or more of methane claim 20 , hydrocarbons with a carbon number greater than that of methane claim 20 , and carbon dioxide claim 20 , wherein the product gas optionally comprises less than 5% hydrogen by weight.24. A continuous biomass conversion process claim 20 , comprising the steps of:providing a biomass conversion product comprising a bio oil fraction and an aqueous fraction, wherein each fraction is separable from the other fraction;using centrifugal force, continuously separating the bio oil fraction from the aqueous fraction; andconverting at least a portion of the aqueous fraction to a product gas containing a fuel gas.25. The process of claim 24 , wherein the separation is ...

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Номер записи: 35

25-01-2018 дата публикации

TWO-STAGE PLASMA PROCESS FOR CONVERTING WASTE INTO FUEL GAS AND APPARATUS THEREFOR

Номер: US20180023011A1

Автор: Carabin Pierre, TSANTRIZOS Peter George

Принадлежит:

A two-step gasification process and apparatus for the conversion of solid or liquid organic waste into clean fuel, suitable for use in a gas engine or a gas burner, is described. The waste is fed initially into a primary gasifier, which is a graphite arc furnace. Within the primary gasifier, the organic components of the waste are mixed with a predetermined amount of air, oxygen or steam, and converted into volatiles and soot. The volatiles consist mainly of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and may include a variety of other hydrocarbons and some fly ash. The gas exiting the primary gasifier first passes through a hot cyclone, where some of the soot and most of the fly ash is collected and returned to the primary gasifier. The remaining soot along with the volatile organic compounds is further treated in a secondary gasifier where the soot and the volatile compounds mix with a high temperature plasma jet and a metered amount of air, oxygen or steam, and are converted into a synthesis gas consisting primarily of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The synthesis gas is then quenched and cleaned to form a clean fuel gas suitable for use in a gas engine or a gas burner. This offers higher thermal efficiency than conventional technology and produces a cleaner fuel than other known alternatives. 1. A two-stage plasma process for converting waste having organic and inorganic components into fuel gas , which comprises:(a) in the first stage, vitrifying or melting the inorganic components of the waste and partially gasifying the organic components; and{'sub': 2', '2, '(b) in the second stage, completing the gasification of the organic components so that gas from the first stage of the process entering the secondary gasifier is exposed to a high temperature such as to transform essentially all soot present in the gas to CO and to convert essentially all complex organic molecules to simpler molecules CO, COand H, wherein a dust separation and removal step is provided between the first ...

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Номер записи: 36

29-01-2015 дата публикации

WASTE HEAT RECOVERY APPARATUS AND WASTE HEAT RECOVERY METHOD

Номер: US20150027053A1

Автор: Huang Ting-Wei, LIN Meng-Chang, Lin Yu-Li

Принадлежит:

Provided is a waste heat recovery apparatus including a first heat exchanger, a reformer and a reformer feed pre-heater sequentially disposed on or in the waste gas exhaust pipe from the upstream to the downstream thereof, wherein the waste gas temperature at the upstream of the waste gas exhaust pipe is higher than that at the downstream. In an embodiment, the reformer can be a hydrogen-generation reformer, and the generated hydrogen is introduced into the burning equipment for use. In such manner, the waste heat can be effectively utilized, and the carbon deposition issue inside the burning equipment can be fixed. A waste heat recovery method is also provided. 1. A waste heat recovery apparatus , comprising:a first heat exchanger, a reformer and a reformer feed pre-heater sequentially disposed from an upstream to a downstream of a waste gas exhaust pipe, wherein a waste gas temperature at the upstream of the waste gas exhaust pipe is higher than a waste gas temperature at the downstream,wherein an end of the reformer feed pre-heater is connected to a feeder for a reformer feed, and another end of the reformer feed pre-heater is connected to the reformer, andwherein the reformer is installed with a temperature controller to control a temperature inside the reformer.2. The waste heat recovery apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the waste gas temperature at the upstream of the waste gas exhaust pipe is about 200° C. to 400° C. claim 1 , and the waste gas temperature at the downstream of the waste gas exhaust pipe is about 100° C. to less than 200° C.3. The waste heat recovery apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the temperature inside the reformer is controlled at about 200° C. to 350° C.4. The waste heat recovery apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the reformer comprises a catalyst bed and a heat balance pipe.5. The waste heat recovery apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the reformer feed pre-heater is integrated in the reformer.6. The waste heat recovery apparatus of claim 1 , wherein ...

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Номер записи: 37

23-01-2020 дата публикации

GASIFICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD

Номер: US20200024531A1

Автор: Davidsson Niclas, Strandberg Niklas, WINGREN Anders

Принадлежит:

A gasification system and a method for gasifying a particulate carbonaceous fuel are disclosed. The gasification system has a gasification chamber with an upper section and a lower section with a fuel inlet for injecting a particulate carbonaceous fuel and oxidant into the upper section whereby, in a thermo-chemical reaction, synthesis gas and residual char is generated. The gasification system further includes a separator configured to receive the synthesis gas and to separate residual tar form the synthesis gas. Further, there is a char bed disposed in the lower section formed by residual char generated in the thermo-chemical reaction and a gas-inlet at a bottom portion of the lower section for injecting gas into the char bed. The residual tar is injected into the char bed whereby, in a thermal cracking process, the residual tar is converted into synthesis gas. Hereby, it is possible to utilize the otherwise lost energy contained in the residual tar, and thereby achieve better efficiency in a gasification system, in a cost-effective and simple manner. 1. A gasification system comprising:a gasification chamber having an upper section and a lower section;at least one fuel-inlet for injecting carbonaceous fuel and oxidant into said upper section whereby, in a thermo-chemical reaction, synthesis gas and residual char is generated;a separator in fluid connection with the upper section via an outlet, said separator being configured to receive said synthesis gas and to separate residual tar from said synthesis gas;a char bed disposed in said lower section, said char bed being formed by residual char generated in said thermo-chemical reaction and allowed to travel downwards within said gasification chamber to the char bed;at least one gas-inlet at a bottom portion of said lower section for injecting gas into said char bed; andat least one tar inlet arranged to inject said residual tar from said separator into said char bed whereby, in a cracking process, said residual tar ...

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Номер записи: 38

29-01-2015 дата публикации

TWO-STAGE PLASMA PROCESS FOR CONVERTING WASTE INTO FUEL GAS AND APPARATUS THEREFOR

Номер: US20150028258A1

Автор: Carabin Pierre, TSANTRIZOS Peter George

Принадлежит: PYROGENESIS CANADA INC.

A two-step gasification process and apparatus for the conversion of solid or liquid organic waste into clean fuel, suitable for use in a gas engine or a gas burner, is described. The waste is fed initially into a primary gasifier, which is a graphite arc furnace. Within the primary gasifier, the organic components of the waste are mixed with a predetermined amount of air, oxygen or steam, and converted into volatiles and soot. The volatiles consist mainly of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and may include a variety of other hydrocarbons and some fly ash. The gas exiting the primary gasifier first passes through a hot cyclone, where some of the soot and most of the fly ash is collected and returned to the primary gasifier. The remaining soot along with the volatile organic compounds is further treated in a secondary gasifier where the soot and the volatile compounds mix with a high temperature plasma jet and a metered amount of air, oxygen or steam, and are converted into a synthesis gas consisting primarily of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The synthesis gas is then quenched and cleaned to form a clean fuel gas suitable for use in a gas engine or a gas burner. This offers higher thermal efficiency than conventional technology and produces a cleaner fuel than other known alternatives. 1. A two-stage plasma process for converting waste having organic and inorganic components into fuel gas , which comprises:(a) in the first stage, vitrifying or melting the inorganic components of the waste and partially gasifying the organic components; and{'sub': 2', '2, '(b) in the second stage, completing the gasification of the organic components so that gas from the first stage of the process entering the secondary gasifier is exposed to a high temperature such as to transform essentially all soot present in the gas to CO and to convert essentially all complex organic molecules to simpler molecules CO, COand H, wherein a dust separation and removal step is provided between the first ...

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Номер записи: 39

17-02-2022 дата публикации

Reactor and Process for Gasifying and/or Melting of Feed Materials

Номер: US20220049169A1

Автор: Andre WEGNER, Petrus Hendrik Ferreira Bouwer

Принадлежит: AFRICAN RAINBOW MINERALS Ltd

This invention relates to a method and a reactor for gasifying a carbonaceous feedstock material. The method includes the steps of choke-feeding a carbonaceous feedstock material into a pyrolysis zone of the reactor to form a discharge bed; heating the discharge bed to initiate pyrolysis of the feedstock material to form a pyrolysis product; providing a lower lying upper oxidation zone; gasifying the pyrolysis product to form a bed of char; converting thermal energy into chemical energy in an upper reduction zone; providing a lower lying lower oxidation zone; collecting any metal slag and/or slag melts in the lower oxidation zone; and discharging hot reducing gases having a temperature of at least 1300° C. and a CO/CO 2 ratio of ≥5, more preferably ≥15.

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Номер записи: 40

31-01-2019 дата публикации

PRESSURIZING SYSTEM FOR POWDER SUPPLY HOPPER, GASIFICATION FACILITY, INTEGRATED GASIFICATION COMBINED CYCLE FACILITY, AND METHOD FOR PRESSURIZING POWDER SUPPLY HOPPER

Номер: US20190031430A1

Автор: KAMEYAMA Tatsuya, Koyama Yoshinori, Nakayama Naoto, Nishimura Koji, Urakata Yuichiro

Принадлежит: Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems, Ltd.

Provided is a pressurizing system which includes: a pressurizing nozzle configured to supply a pressurizing gas into a hopper () where pulverized coal is accumulated; a filter configured to face a space in the hopper () where the pulverized coal is accumulated, and to allow the pressurizing gas to pass through the filter, the filter being provided at an end of the pressurizing nozzle; buffer tanks (), () in which a pressurizing gas to be supplied to the hopper () is collected at a first predetermined pressure; and a pressure control means configured to start, at a time of starting pressurization of the hopper (), supply of a pressurizing gas at a second predetermined pressure which is lower than the first predetermined pressure of the pressurizing gas collected in the buffer tanks (), (). 1. A pressurizing system for a powder supply hopper , the pressurizing system comprising:a pressurizing nozzle configured to supply a pressurizing gas into a powder supply hopper where powder is accumulated;a filter configured to face a space in the powder supply hopper where the powder is accumulated, and to allow the pressurizing gas to pass through the filter, the filter being provided at an end of the pressurizing nozzle;a buffer tank in which a pressurizing gas to be supplied to the powder supply hopper is collected at a first predetermined pressure; anda pressure control means configured to start, at a time of starting pressurization of the powder supply hopper, supply of a pressurizing gas at a second predetermined pressure which is lower than the first predetermined pressure of the pressurizing gas collected in the buffer tank.2. The pressurizing system for a powder supply hopper according to claim 1 , further comprising:a gas supply pipe configured to connect the pressurizing nozzle and the buffer tank to each other;a powder supply hopper inlet valve provided in the gas supply pipe on an upstream side of the pressurizing nozzle; anda buffer tank outlet valve provided in ...

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Номер записи: 41

04-02-2021 дата публикации

BIOSOLID TREATMENT PROCESS AND SYSTEM

Номер: US20210032552A1

Автор: Mooney David

Принадлежит: Ecoremedy LLC

A biosolids treatment system that treats human biosolids to produce thermal energy for self-consumption for the production of beneficial use products including low carbon ash, high carbon activated biochar, and Class A biosolids. The system includes a variable feed conveyor that conveys a biosolid feed into a dryer; a dryer that dries the biosolid feed to a predetermined moisture content to create one of a beneficial use products, where the predetermined moisture content is controlled by varying the speed of variable feed conveyors and a variable feed mixer; and a gasifier that converts the biosolid feed into two of the beneficial use products. 1. A biosolids treatment system that treats human biosolids to produce beneficial use products including low carbon ash , high carbon activated biochar , and Class A biosolids , the system comprising:a variable feed conveyor that conveys a biosolid feed into a dryer;a dryer that dries the biosolid feed to a predetermined moisture content to create one of a beneficial use products, wherein the predetermined moisture content is controlled by varying a speed of the variable feed conveyor; anda gasifier that converts the biosolid feed into usable thermal energy for system use and at least one of the beneficial use products.2. The biosolids treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the dryer creates low carbon ash and the gasifier creates high carbon activated biochar and Class A biosolids.3. The biosolids treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the treatment system includes a blended air intake to temper flue gas entering a dryer claim 1 , wherein the blended air controls a target temperature in the dryer.4. The biosolids treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the treatment system includes a fan to recirculate moist dryer exhaust to temper flue gas entering a dryer claim 1 , wherein the blended air controls a target temperature in the dryer and reduces NOx emissions.5. The biosolids treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the system is ...

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Номер записи: 42

12-02-2015 дата публикации

REACTOR

Номер: US20150040565A1

Автор: TAN Lien Chiow

Принадлежит:

The present application provides a reactor for: converting feedstock material into gases; or disassociating or reforming a chemical compound; and/a a mixture to its constituent elements; and/to other chemical forms, and; finally a heating device. The reactor comprises a heating device for discharging an ionized gas into the reactor, a feedstock feeder for injecting the feedstock material into the reactor, and a shell forming a chamber that encloses a portion of the heating device and a portion of the feedstock feeder. The application also provides a method for converting hydrocarbon material into synthetic gases. The method comprises: providing the hydrocarbon material to a burner inserted into a reactor, a second step of supplying ionized gases into the reactor, and a third step of subjecting the burner to a flame of the ionized gases such that molecules of the hydrocarbon material are dissociated to forming synthetic gas.

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Номер записи: 43

06-02-2020 дата публикации

BIOMASS PROCESSING DEVICES, SYSTEMS, AND METHODS

Номер: US20200040259A1

Автор: Bryan Paul F., Colthart James M., Rapier Charles Robert, Scoggins Gary E.

Принадлежит:

Biomass processing devices, systems and methods used to convert biomass to, for example, liquid hydrocarbons, renewable chemicals, and/or composites are described. The biomass processing system can include a pyrolysis device, a hydroprocessor and a gasifier. Biomass, such as wood chips, is fed into the pyrolysis device to produce char and pyrolysis vapors. Pyrolysis vapors are processed in the hydroprocessor, such as a deoxygenation device, to produce hydrocarbons, light gas, and water. Water and char produced by the system can be used in the gasifier to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen, which may be recycled back to the pyrolysis device and/or hydroprocessor. 1. A pyrolysis device comprising:a housing having an inlet and an outlet; and an upstream end adjacent the inlet of the housing;', 'a downstream end adjacent the outlet of the housing;', 'a core extending between the upstream end and the downstream end; and', 'a helical blade wound around the core between the upstream end and the downstream end;, 'an auger positioned within the housing, the auger having the inlet of the housing is configured to receive biomass; and', 'the pyrolysis device is configured to convert the biomass to a pyrolysis vapor and to', 'produce a pressure seal formed by material in transition between biomass and pyrolysis vapor, the pressure being seal positioned between the inlet of the housing and the outlet of the housing., 'wherein2. The pyrolysis device of claim 1 , wherein the core of the auger is tapered from a first diameter at the upstream end to a second diameter at the downstream end claim 1 , the first diameter being smaller than the second diameter.3. The pyrolysis device of claim 2 , wherein:the helical blade has a blade height measured from an outer surface of the core in a direction perpendicular to a rotational axis of the core to a terminal end of the helical blade; andthe height of the helical blade varies from the upstream end to the downstream end of the auger.4. The ...

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Номер записи: 44

06-02-2020 дата публикации

Method for Gasifying Feedstock with High Yield Production of Biochar

Номер: US20200040268A1

Автор: Brown Jeffrey Scott, Davis Brandon, Hopper Billy Freeman, Kelfkens Renus, Loftin Mark Oliver, Newman Matt, Potgieter Deon John

Принадлежит: Aries Gasification, LLC

A downdraft gasifier and method of gasification with high yield biochar that utilizes a plurality of high throughput, vertically positioned tubes to create a pyrolysis zone, an oxidation zone beneath the pyrolysis zone and a reduction zone beneath the oxidation zone. A rotating and vertically adjustable rotating grate is located beneath the reduction zone of the gasifier. In addition, a drying zone is located above the pyrolysis zone so the heat of the gasifier can be used to dry feedstock before it enters the gasifier. By optimizing the grate height and rpm, feedstock retention time in the drying zone, the drying zone temperature and feedstock moisture content, the result is gasification of biomass with a high yield and continuous biochar production. 1. A method of gasifying feedstock with a high yield of biochar comprising:Filling a gasifier with feedstock; said gasifier comprising a plurality of conjoined and vertically positioned tubes having an interior wall, an exterior wall, a proximal end and a distal end, wherein the proximal end provides an inlet and the distal end provides an outlet, a drying zone, a pyrolysis zone, an oxidation zone and a reduction zone;Drying the feedstock;Igniting the feedstock to create an oxidation band;Injecting oxidant streams into the oxidation zone using at least two rings of plano air inlets;Moving feedstock sequentially from the drying zone through the pyrolysis zone where the feedstock begins to decompose, then through an oxidation zone where the feedstock begins to change to producer gas and then through a reduction zone where the change to producer gas is completed, the gas cools and separates from the biochar;Holding feedstock and a bed of biochar inside the gasifier using a rotating and vertically adjustable grate positioned below the reduction zone, said position of the grate forming a variably sized bypass between the grate and the reduction zone;Removing biochar through the rotating grate and the bypass;Removing ...

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Номер записи: 45

19-02-2015 дата публикации

METHOD FOR THE INTEGRATION OF CARBOCHLORINATION INTO A STAGED REFORMING OPERATION AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO DIRECT RESIDUE OXIDATION FOR THE RECOVERY OF VALUABLE METALS

Номер: US20150047465A1

Автор: Langley Justin

Принадлежит:

Method of combining industrial processes having inherent carbon capture and conversion capabilities offering maximum flexibility, efficiency, and economics while enabling environmentally and sustainably sound practices. Maximum chemical energy is retained throughout feedstock processing. A hybrid thermochemical cycle couples staged reforming with hydrogen production and chlorination. Hydrogen generated is used to upgrade feedstocks including bitumen, shale, coal, and biomass. Residues of upgrading are chlorinated, metals of interest are removed, and the remainder is reacted with ammonia solution and carbon dioxide to form carbonate minerals. The combination provides emissions free production of synthetic crude oil and derivatives, as well as various metals and fertilizers. Sand and carbonate minerals are potentially the only waste streams. Through this novel processing, major carbon dioxide reduction is afforded byminimizing direct oxidation. Supplemental heat to run the reactions is obtained through external means such as concentrated solar, geothermal, or nuclear. 2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the combined featuresof the integrated processes reduce the needed capacity and costs of pollution control mechanisms as well as allowing for the complete elimination of carbon dioxide emissions through mineralization and/or conversion by removing portions of the product gas stream and subsequently recycling the remaining gases back though the process for further reaction;in the case of carbon dioxide, involving its reaction to carbon monoxide, conversion to synthesis gas, and its subsequent processing to synthetic petrochemicals.3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the combined featuresare modified or expanded to accommodate the industrial processes of petrochemical production, conventional or non-conventional hydrocarbon refining operations, bio-refining, metal refining, rare earth separation, ceramics fabrication, glass production, fertilizer ...

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Номер записи: 46

26-02-2015 дата публикации

PARALLEL PATH, DOWNDRAFT GASIFIER APPARATUS AND METHOD

Номер: US20150052813A1

Автор: Brockbank Grover R., Ebeling Morris K., Neves Alan M.

Принадлежит:

A method for using a downdraft gasifier comprising a housing and a refractory stack contained within the housing. The refractory stack may comprise various sections. Apertures in the sections may be aligned to form multiple columnar cavities. Each columnar cavity may comprise an individual oxidation zone. The method of use may include the steps of placing a feedstock into an upper portion of the refractory stack, measuring the temperature of each columnar cavity, and adjusting the flow of oxygen to a particular columnar cavity to maintain the temperature of the particular columnar cavity within a particular range. 1. A method comprising: a housing,', 'a refractory stack contained within the housing and comprising a plurality of sections formed of refractory, the plurality of sections comprising a lower manifold, at least one intermediate section resting on and extending upward from the lower manifold, and an upper manifold resting on and extending upward from the at least one intermediate section, and', 'the refractory stack wherein the upper manifold and the at least one intermediate section each comprise a plurality of apertures extending vertically therethrough, the plurality of apertures of the upper manifold aligning with the plurality of apertures of the at least one intermediate section to form a plurality of columnar cavities, each extending from the upper manifold to the lower manifold and placing the upper manifold in communication with the lower manifold;, 'selecting a downdraft gasifier comprisingplacing a feedstock into the upper manifold;measuring the temperature of each columnar cavity of the plurality of columnar cavities; andadjusting the flow of at least one gas selected form the group consisting of oxygen, oxygen enriched air, and air to a particular columnar cavity to maintain the temperature of the particular columnar cavity within a particular range.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein adjusting comprises increasing the flow of the at least one ...

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Номер записи: 47

26-02-2015 дата публикации

Micro-gasifier array networking

Номер: US20150053153A1

Автор: Michael Cheiky

Принадлежит: V-GRID ENERGY SYSTEMS

A collection of gasifier fueled engine systems is networked through a system of connecting pipes and valves in order to provide fast response to output power demands and to extend the range of power levels at which the system exhibits high conversion efficiency.

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Номер записи: 48

13-02-2020 дата публикации

TWO-STAGE PLASMA PROCESS FOR CONVERTING WASTE INTO FUEL GAS AND APPARATUS THEREFOR

Номер: US20200048568A1

Автор: Carabin Pierre, TSANTRIZOS Peter George

Принадлежит:

A two-step gasification process and apparatus for the conversion of solid or liquid organic waste into clean fuel, suitable for use in a gas engine or a gas burner, is described. The waste is fed initially into a primary gasifier, which is a graphite arc furnace. Within the primary gasifier, the organic components of the waste are mixed with a predetermined amount of air, oxygen or steam, and converted into volatiles and soot. The volatiles consist mainly of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and may include a variety of other hydrocarbons and some fly ash. The gas exiting the primary gasifier first passes through a hot cyclone, where some of the soot and most of the fly ash is collected and returned to the primary gasifier. The remaining soot along with the volatile organic compounds is further treated in a secondary gasifier where the soot and the volatile compounds mix with a high temperature plasma jet and a metered amount of air, oxygen or steam, and are converted into a synthesis gas consisting primarily of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The synthesis gas is then quenched and cleaned to form a clean fuel gas suitable for use in a gas engine or a gas burner. This offers higher thermal efficiency than conventional technology and produces a cleaner fuel than other known alternatives. 1. A two-stage plasma process for converting waste having organic and inorganic components into fuel gas , which comprises:(a) in the first stage, vitrifying or melting the inorganic components of the waste and partially gasifying the organic components; and{'sub': 2', '2, '(b) in the second stage, completing the gasification of the organic components so that gas from the first stage of the process entering the secondary gasifier is exposed to a high temperature such as to transform essentially all soot present in the gas to CO and to convert essentially all complex organic molecules to simpler molecules CO, COand H, wherein a dust separation and removal step is provided between the first ...

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Номер записи: 49

23-02-2017 дата публикации

ENTRAINED-FLOW GASIFIER AND GASIFICATION METHOD USING THE SAME FOR SYNTHESIZING SYNGAS FROM BIOMASS FUEL

Номер: US20170051216A1

Автор: CHEN Yilong, XIA Minggui, Zhang Liang, ZHANG Yanfeng

Принадлежит:

A method for gasifying biomass using a gasifier, the gasifier including a furnace body and a fuel pretreatment system. The method includes 1) crushing and sieving a biomass fuel to yield particle size-qualified fuel particles, 2) exciting working gas to yield plasma, and spraying the plasma into the gasifier, 3) spraying the particle size-qualified fuel particles into the gasifier via nozzles, synchronously spraying an oxidizer via an oxygen/vapor inlet into the gasifier, and 4) monitoring the temperature and components of the syngas, regulating an oxygen flow rate, a vapor flow rate, and microwave power to maintain the process parameters within a preset range and to control a temperature of the syngas to be between 900 and 1200° C., collecting the syngas from the syngas outlet at the top of the furnace body, and discharging liquid slag from the slag outlet. 1. A method for gasifying biomass using a gasifier , the gasifier comprisinga furnace body comprising a fuel inlet, a syngas outlet and a slag outlet, the fuel inlet comprising nozzles; anda fuel pretreatment system comprising a feeding hopper; wherein:the furnace body is vertically disposed;the fuel inlet is disposed at a lower part of the furnace body;the syngas outlet is disposed at a top of the furnace body;the slag outlet is disposed at a bottom of the furnace body;the fuel pretreatment system is disposed outside of the furnace body;a bottom of the feeding hopper is connected to the furnace body via the nozzles;the nozzles are disposed radially along the furnace body; andone or two layers of microwave plasma generators are disposed in parallel at a gasification zone of the furnace body and each layer of the microwave plasma generators comprises working gas inlets;the method comprising:1) crushing and sieving a biomass fuel using the fuel pretreatment system to yield particle size-qualified fuel particles, and transporting the particle size-qualified fuel particles to the feeding hopper;2) introducing ...

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Номер записи: 50

23-02-2017 дата публикации

Solids circulation system and method for capture and conversion of reactive solids with fluidized bed temperature control

Номер: US20170051217A1

Автор: Dave G. Newport, Hamilton Sean Michael Whitney, Jonathan A. Zenz, Ravi Chandran

Принадлежит: ThermoChem Recovery International Inc

A solids circulation system receives a gas stream containing char or other reacting solids from a first reactor. The solids circulation system includes a cyclone configured to receive the gas stream from the first reactor, a dipleg from the cyclone to a second reactor, and a riser from the second reactor which merges with the gas stream received by the cyclone. The second reactor has a dense fluid bed and converts the received materials to gaseous products. A conveying fluid transports a portion of the bed media from the second reactor through the riser to mix with the gas stream prior to cyclone entry. The bed media helps manipulate the solids that is received by the cyclone to facilitate flow of solids down the dipleg into the second reactor. The second reactor provides additional residence time, mixing and gas-solid contact for efficient conversion of char or reacting solids.

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Номер записи: 51

05-03-2015 дата публикации

Apparatuses, systems, mobile gasification systems, and methods for gasifying residual biomass

Номер: US20150059245A1

Автор: Daniel A. HOWARD, Jacob M. CULLEY, Philip W. Appel, Sarah E. Love, Thomas D. Weir, Timothy E. FARLEY

Принадлежит: AG Energy Solutions Inc

Apparatuses, systems, mobile gasification systems, and methods for gasifying residual biomass are described. An example system may include a mobile gasification system configured to gasify feedstock generated from residual biomass to provide syngas. The mobile gasification system may be configured to generate electrical power using the syngas. The mobile gasification system may be configured to be installed in a transportable structure.

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Номер записи: 52

10-03-2022 дата публикации

All-Steam Gasification with Solid Fuel Preparation System

Номер: US20220073828A1

Автор: Parkes John, Todd Douglas M.

Принадлежит: Wormser Energy Solutions, Inc.

A carbonaceous fuel gasification system includes a micronized char preparation system comprising a transport reactor with a pulverizer function that receives solid carbonaceous fuel, hydrogen, oxygen, and fluidizing steam that produces micronized char, steam, and volatiles. An indirect gasifier includes a pressure vessel reactor comprising a dense bed of solids. A draft tube can be inside or outside the pressure vessel. A combustor provides heat for the gasification reaction by combustion of hydrogen and air and that provides products of combustion that flow through the draft tube. A distributor plate receives the micronized char, steam, and devolatilized hydrocarbons from the output of the micronized char preparation system. The indirect gasifier mixes the micronized char with steam at a temperature that converts them to syngas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide. 1. A carbonaceous fuel gasification system comprising:a) a micronized char preparation system comprising a transport reactor with a pulverizer function that receives solid carbonaceous fuel, hydrogen, oxygen, and fluidizing steam to provide heat for devolatilization, the micronized char preparation system producing micronized char, steam, and volatiles at an output; and i) a draft tube in the pressure vessel;', 'ii) a dense bed of solids that surrounds the draft tube;', 'iii) a combustor positioned below the draft tube that provides heat for the gasification reaction by combustion of hydrogen and air and that provides products of combustion that flow through the draft tube and exit at a vent positioned in the pressure vessel; and', 'iv) a distributor plate that receives the micronized char, steam, and devolatilized hydrocarbons from the output of the micronized char preparation system,, 'b) an indirect gasifier, comprising a pressure vessel reactor comprisingwherein the indirect gasifier mixes the micronized char with steam at a temperature that converts them to syngas comprising hydrogen and carbon ...

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Номер записи: 53

21-02-2019 дата публикации

PULVERIZED-FUEL SUPPLY UNIT AND METHOD, AND INTEGRATED GASIFICATION COMBINED CYCLE

Номер: US20190055485A1

Автор: Kasai Jun, Nishimura Koji, Urakata Yuichiro

Принадлежит: Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems, Ltd.

A pulverized-fuel supply unit includes a hopper, first nozzles, second nozzles, a pressurizing-gas supply device, a fluidization-gas supply device, and a pulverized-fuel supply line. The hopper has a hollow to store therein pulverized fuel. The first nozzles are provided to the hopper. The second nozzles are provided to a vertically lower part of the hopper below the plurality of first nozzles. The pressurizing-gas supply device is configured to supply pressurizing gas to increase internal pressure of the hopper. The fluidization-gas supply device is configured to supply fluidization gas to fluidize the pulverized fuel in the hopper. The pulverized-fuel supply line is provided to a vertically lower part of the hopper. The pressurizing-gas supply device supplies pressurizing gas to the first nozzles and the second nozzles. The fluidization-gas supply device supplies fluidization gas to the second nozzles. 1. A pulverized-fuel supply unit comprising:a hopper having a hollow to store therein pulverized fuel;a plurality of first nozzles provided to the hopper;a plurality of second nozzles provided to a vertically lower part of the hopper below the plurality of first nozzles;a pressurizing-gas supply device configured to supply pressurizing gas to increase internal pressure of the hopper;a fluidization-gas supply device configured to supply fluidization gas to fluidize the pulverized fuel in the hopper; anda pulverized-fuel supply line provided to a vertically lower part of the hopper, whereinthe pressurizing-gas supply device supplies pressurizing gas to the plurality of first nozzles and the plurality of second nozzles, andthe fluidization-gas supply device supplies fluidization gas to the plurality of second nozzles.2. The pulverized-fuel supply unit according to claim 1 , wherein a flow rate of gas supplied by the fluidization-gas supply device is lower than a flow rate of gas supplied by the pressurizing-gas supply device.3. The pulverized-fuel supply unit according ...

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Номер записи: 54

01-03-2018 дата публикации

Method of producing product gas from multiple carbonaceous feedstock streams mixed with a reduced-pressure mixing gas

Номер: US20180057760A1

Автор: Brian Christopher ATTWOOD, Daniel A. Burciaga, Daniel Michael Leo, Dave G. Newport, Emily Jane SCHULTHEIS, Justin Kevin MILLER, Kaitlin Emily HARRINGTON, Kelly Ann KISHTON, Ravi Chandran, Shawn Robert Freitas

Принадлежит: ThermoChem Recovery International Inc

A feedstock delivery system transfers a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas generation system. The feedstock delivery system includes a splitter for splitting bulk carbonaceous material into a plurality of carbonaceous material streams. Each stream is processed using a weighing system for gauging the quantity of carbonaceous material, a densification system for forming plugs of carbonaceous material, a de-densification system for breaking up the plugs of carbonaceous material, and a gas and carbonaceous material mixing system for forming a carbonaceous material and gas mixture. A pressure of the mixing gas is reduced prior to mixing with the carbonaceous material, and the carbonaceous material to gas weight ratio is monitored. A transport assembly conveys the carbonaceous material and gas mixture to a first reactor where at least the carbonaceous material within the mixture is subject to thermochemical reactions to form the product gas.

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Номер записи: 55

01-03-2018 дата публикации

FEEDSTOCK DELIVERY SYSTEM HAVING CARBONACEOUS FEEDSTOCK SPLITTER AND GAS MIXING

Номер: US20180058380A1

Автор: ATTWOOD Brian Christopher, Burciaga Daniel A., Chandran Ravi, Freitas Shawn Robert, HARRINGTON Kaitlin Emily, KISHTON Kelly Ann, LEO DANIEL MICHAEL, MILLER Justin Kevin, Newport Dave G., SCHULTHEIS Emily Jane

Принадлежит:

A feedstock delivery system transfers a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas generation system. The feedstock delivery system includes a splitter for splitting bulk carbonaceous material into a plurality of carbonaceous material streams. Each stream is processed using a weighing system for gauging the quantity of carbonaceous material, a densification system for forming plugs of carbonaceous material, a de-densification system for breaking up the plugs of carbonaceous material, and a gas and carbonaceous material mixing system for forming a carbonaceous material and gas mixture. A pressure of the mixing gas is reduced prior to mixing with the carbonaceous material, and the carbonaceous material to gas weight ratio is monitored. A transport assembly conveys the carbonaceous material and gas mixture to a first reactor where at least the carbonaceous material within the mixture is subject to thermochemical reactions to form the product gas. 12000201101100104104104. A feedstock delivery system () for supplying bulk carbonaceous material (B-) to an interior () of a first reactor () having a longitudinal reactor axis (AX) and a plurality of reactor feedstock inputs (A , B , C) , the feedstock delivery system comprising:{'b': 2', '1', '2', '03', '2', '01', '2', '1', '2', '01', '2', '02', '2', '02', '2', '02', '2', '07', '2', '09', '2', '11, '(a) a first splitter (B) having a splitter input (B-) through which bulk carbonaceous material (B-) is received, the first splitter (B) configured to split the received bulk carbonaceous material (B-) into a first plurality of carbonaceous material streams (B-A, B-B, B-C), each stream exiting the first splitter via a splitter output (B-, B-, B-);'}{'b': 2', '1', '2', '1', '2', '1', '2', '1', '2', '02', '2', '02', '2', '02', '2', '02, 'claim-text': [{'b': '00', '(b1) a mixing chamber (G);'}, {'b': 1', '2', '21', '20', '19', '21', '20', '19, '(b2) a first isolation valve (VG) and a second isolation (VG ...

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Номер записи: 56

01-03-2018 дата публикации

METHOD FOR FORMING A PLURALITY OF PLUGS OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL

Номер: US20180058381A1

Автор: ATTWOOD Brian Christopher, Burciaga Daniel A., Chandran Ravi, Freitas Shawn Robert, HARRINGTON Kaitlin Emily, KISHTON Kelly Ann, LEO DANIEL MICHAEL, MILLER Justin Kevin, Newport Dave G., SCHULTHEIS Emily Jane

Принадлежит:

A feedstock delivery system transfers a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas generation system. The feedstock delivery system includes a splitter for splitting bulk carbonaceous material into a plurality of carbonaceous material streams. Each stream is processed using a weighing system for gauging the quantity of carbonaceous material, a densification system for forming plugs of carbonaceous material, a de-densification system for breaking up the plugs of carbonaceous material, and a gas and carbonaceous material mixing system for forming a carbonaceous material and gas mixture. A pressure of the mixing gas is reduced prior to mixing with the carbonaceous material, and the carbonaceous material to gas weight ratio is monitored. A transport assembly conveys the carbonaceous material and gas mixture to a first reactor where at least the carbonaceous material within the mixture is subject to thermochemical reactions to form the product gas. 1. A method for forming a new plug of densified carbonaceous material in a cylinder already having a series of previously formed plugs pressed together , and supplying a leading plug of said series of previously formed plugs to a pressurized first reactor ,{'b': 30', '19', '2', '01', '45, 'claim-text': 'the method comprising:', 'the cylinder (D) comprising a first opening (D) through which carbonaceous material (D-) is introduced into the cylinder, and a first output (D) through which the leading plug is supplied to the pressurized first reactor;'}{'b': '19', '(a) introducing, via the first opening (D), a quantity of carbonaceous material having a density of 4 pounds per cubic foot to 50 pounds per cubic foot;'}(b) while said plurality of previously formed plugs are prevented from advancing within the cylinder, compressing said carbonaceous material (D+1) against a nearest plug of said plurality of previously formed plugs, to thereby form a new plug against said plurality of previously formed ...

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Номер записи: 57

01-03-2018 дата публикации

FEED ZONE DELIVERY SYSTEM HAVING CARBONACEOUS FEEDSTOCK DENSITY REDUCTION AND GAS MIXING

Номер: US20180058382A1

Автор: ATTWOOD Brian Christopher, Burciaga Daniel A., Chandran Ravi, Freitas Shawn Robert, HARRINGTON Kaitlin Emily, KISHTON Kelly Ann, LEO DANIEL MICHAEL, MILLER Justin Kevin, Newport Dave G., SCHULTHEIS Emily Jane

Принадлежит:

A feedstock delivery system transfers a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas generation system. The feedstock delivery system includes a splitter for splitting bulk carbonaceous material into a plurality of carbonaceous material streams. Each stream is processed using a weighing system for gauging the quantity of carbonaceous material, a densification system for forming plugs of carbonaceous material, a de-densification system for breaking up the plugs of carbonaceous material, and a gas and carbonaceous material mixing system for forming a carbonaceous material and gas mixture. A pressure of the mixing gas is reduced prior to mixing with the carbonaceous material, and the carbonaceous material to gas weight ratio is monitored. A transport assembly conveys the carbonaceous material and gas mixture to a first reactor where at least the carbonaceous material within the mixture is subject to thermochemical reactions to form the product gas. 12050101100104. A feed zone delivery system (A) for transferring carbonaceous material into to an interior () of a first reactor () having a longitudinal reactor axis (AX) and at least one reactor carbonaceous material input (A) , the system comprising:{'b': 2', '1', '2', '02, '(a) a weigh feeder (C) configured to weigh and regulate a mass flow rate of weighed carbonaceous material (C-);'}{'b': 2', '0', '2', '02', '2', '02, '(b) a densification system (D) configured to compress the weighed carbonaceous material (C-) received from the weigh feeder and form a densified carbonaceous material (D-);'}{'b': 2', '1', '2', '02', '2', '0, '(c) a density reduction system (F) configured to reduce the density of the densified carbonaceous material (D-) after it exits the densification system (D) to thereby form de-densified carbonaceous material;'}{'b': 2', '1', '2', '1, 'claim-text': [{'b': '00', '(d1) a mixing chamber (G);'}, {'b': 1', '2', '21', '20', '19', '21', '20', '19, '(d2) a first isolation valve ( ...

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Номер записи: 58

02-03-2017 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION OF A FEEDSTOCK

Номер: US20170058218A1

Автор: Ayala Raul Eduardo

Принадлежит:

Disclosed embodiments include a feedstock preparation system that includes a solid feedstock mill including a housing having a chamber. The solid feedstock mill also includes a solids breakup assembly at least partially disposed inside the chamber. The solid feedstock mill further includes a feedstock inlet through the housing into the chamber and a plurality of feedstock outlets through the housing from the chamber. 1. A system , comprising: a housing having a chamber;', 'a solids breakup assembly at least partially disposed inside the chamber;', 'a feedstock inlet through the housing into the chamber; and', 'a plurality of feedstock outlets through the housing from the chamber., 'a solid feedstock mill, comprising2. The system of claim 1 , comprising a first gasifier coupled to a first feedstock outlet of the plurality of feedstock outlets.3. The system of claim 2 , comprising a second gasifier coupled to a second feedstock outlet of the plurality of feedstock outlets.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of feedstock outlets comprises at least one non-circular outlet.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of feedstock outlets comprises at least one rectangular outlet.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of feedstock outlets comprises at least one oval outlet.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of feedstock outlets are arranged symmetrically about an axis of the housing.8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of feedstock outlets are arranged asymmetrically about an axis of the housing.9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of feedstock outlets are spaced apart from one another claim 1 , or are positioned adjacent one another claim 1 , or a combination thereof.10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of feedstock outlets comprises a plurality of axially arranged outlets claim 1 , a plurality of circumferentially arranged outlets claim 1 , or a combination thereof.11. The system of claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 59

02-03-2017 дата публикации

SOLIDS CIRCULATION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CAPTURE AND CONVERSION OF REACTIVE SOLIDS HAVING FLUIDIZED BED CONTAINING HOLLOW ENGINEERED PARTICLES

Номер: US20170058221A1

Автор: Chandran Ravi, Newport Dave G., Whitney Hamilton Sean Michael, ZENE Jonathan A.

Принадлежит:

A solids circulation system receives a gas stream containing char or other reacting solids from a first reactor. The solids circulation system includes a cyclone configured to receive the gas stream from the first reactor, a dipleg from the cyclone to a second reactor, and a riser from the second reactor which merges with the gas stream received by the cyclone. The second reactor has a dense fluid bed and converts the received materials to gaseous products. A conveying fluid transports a portion of the bed media from the second reactor through the riser to mix with the gas stream prior to cyclone entry. The bed media helps manipulate the solids that is received by the cyclone to facilitate flow of solids down the dipleg into the second reactor. The second reactor provides additional residence time, mixing and gas-solid contact for efficient conversion of char or reacting solids. 1. A system for processing a carbonaceous feedstock to create a final product gas stream containing both carbon monoxide and hydrogen , comprising:{'b': 500', '600', '602', '600, '(a) a first reactor () having a fluidized bed and configured to receive a feedstock and steam, and output a syngas stream () via a first conduit (), the syngas stream () comprising syngas, char, condensable organic compounds and aromatic hydrocarbons;'}{'b': 612', '602', '612', '600', '610, '(b) a second conduit () connected to the first conduit (), the second conduit () configured to receive a portion of said syngas stream () as a first-stage product gas stream ();'}{'b': 100', '600', '910, '(c) a second reactor () having a fluidized bed and configured to receive char from the syngas stream () and an oxygen containing gas, the second reactor configured to operate under conditions sufficient to convert the char into a second-stage product gas stream () containing at least carbon monoxide; wherein{'b': 612', '910', '610', '950, 'the second reactor and the second conduit () are connected such that the second-stage ...

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Номер записи: 60

04-03-2021 дата публикации

Carbon-Based Fuel Gasification Power Generation System

Номер: US20210062683A1

Автор: KISO Fumihiko

Принадлежит:

A carbon-based fuel gasification power generation system is configured to remove ammonia from syngas using washing water, and effectively use the ammonia-containing washing water. The system includes a gasification facility provided with a water scrubber for removing ammonia in the syngas generated as gasified carbon-based fuel, and a power generation facility provided with a combustor for burning gas for combustion generated in the gasification facility and air for combustion humidified in the humidifying tower, and a gas turbine driven by combustion gas. The ammonia-containing water recovered in the water scrubber is supplied to the humidifying tower. Using the water, compressed air to be supplied to the combustor is humidified. 1. A carbon-based fuel gasification power generation system , comprising:a gasifier for gasifying carbon-based fuel using an oxidizer to provide syngas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen;a dust remover disposed downstream from the gasifier for removing particulates in the syngas;a first water scrubber disposed downstream from the dust remover for removing halogens in the syngas;a shift reactor disposed downstream from the first water scrubber for partially converting carbon monoxide in the syngas into hydrogen;a second water scrubber disposed downstream from the shift reactor for removing ammonia in the syngas, and discharging water containing ammonia;an absorber disposed downstream from the second water scrubber for removing hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide in the syngas, and generating gas for combustion;a compressor for compressing air to generate compressed air;a humidifying tower for humidifying the compressed air to generate air for combustion;a combustor for burning the gas for combustion and the air for combustion to generate combustion gas;a gas turbine driven by the combustion gas generated by the combustor; anda generator connected to the gas turbine,wherein a water supply pipe arrangement extending from the second water ...

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Номер записи: 61

12-03-2015 дата публикации

STEAM REFORMING OF HYDROCARBONACEOUS FUELS OVER A NI-ALUMINA SPINEL CATALYST

Номер: US20150069300A1

Автор: Abatzoglou Nicolas, Blanchard Jasmin, Fauteux-Lefebvre Clémence, Gitzhofer François

Принадлежит: UTI Limited Partnership, By Its General Partner, University Technologies International Inc. (UTI)

A process for steam reforming of a hydrocarbonaceous fuel includes the steps of: providing a reactant mixture comprising HO and the hydrocarbonaceous fuel; and contacting the reactant mixture with a AlO-yttria-stabilized ZrO(YSZ)-supported NiAlOspinel catalyst under conditions wherein the reactant gas mixture is at least partially steam reformed into a product gas mixture including Hand CO. The synthesis gas (Hand CO) produced can be used as feed material for fuel cells. The catalyst includes a NiAlOspinel-based catalytically active material; and a support material comprising: AlOand ZrO. The AlO-YSZ-supported NiAlOcatalyst can be used in steam reforming of a liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel. 1. A process for steam reforming of a hydrocarbonaceous fuel , comprising the steps of:{'sub': '2', 'providing a reactant mixture comprising HO and the hydrocarbonaceous fuel; and'}{'sub': 2', '3', '2', '2', '4', '2', '2', '3', '2', '4, 'contacting the reactant mixture with a AlO-yttria-stabilized ZrO(YSZ)-supported NiAlOspinel catalyst under conditions wherein the reactant gas mixture is at least partially steam reformed into a product gas mixture including Hand CO, and the AlO—YSZ-supported NiAlOspinel catalyst is substantially free of metallic nickel and nickel oxide.'}2. A process according to claim 1 , wherein:{'sub': 2', '3', '2', '4, 'the reactant mixture is in gaseous state when contacted with the AlO—YSZ-supported NiAlOspinel catalyst;'}the hydrocarbonaceous fuel in liquid state at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure;the hydrocarbonaceous fuel is selected from the group consisting of: at least one hydrocarbon, at least one oxygen-containing fuel, at least one biofuel, at least one fossil fuel, at least one synthetic fuel and a mixture thereof;the hydrocarbonaceous fuel is selected from the group consisting of: gasoline, diesel, biodiesel, commercial fossil-derived diesel, synthetic diesel, jet fuel, methanol, ethanol, bloethanol, methane, alcohol, and mixture ...

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Номер записи: 62

29-05-2014 дата публикации

Methods of Converting Fuel

Номер: US20140144082A1

Автор: Fanxing Li, Liang-Shih Fan, Luis Gilberto Velazquez Vargas, Puneet Gupta

Принадлежит: Ohio State University

A method for converting fuel may include reducing at least one metal oxide in a first reactor with a fuel to produce a reduced metal or a reduced metal oxide, transporting the reduced metal or reduced metal oxide from the first reactor to a second reactor, oxidizing at least a portion of the reduced metal or reduced metal oxide from the first reactor in the second reactor to produce a metal oxide intermediate, transporting the metal oxide intermediate from the second reactor to a third reactor, removing ash, char, or unwanted materials with a separation unit from the metal oxide intermediate transported from the second reactor to the third reactor, regenerating the at least one metal oxide, and transporting the regenerated metal oxide from the third reactor to the first reactor.

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Номер записи: 63

10-03-2016 дата публикации

DEVICE FOR THE SOLAR THERMAL GASIFICATION OF STARTING MATERIAL CONTAINING CARBON

Номер: US20160068769A1

Автор: OBRIST Albert, VON ZEDTWITZ Peter, VORAMWALD Werner, WIECKERT Christian

Принадлежит:

In a device for the solar-thermal gasification of carbon-containing charging material, comprising a solar reactor () including at least one, preferably a plurality of, light-transmissive window(s) () for introducing concentrated solar radiation, and a gasification chamber () having a preferably rectangular bottom and receiving means for the charging material (), the receiving means are comprised of at least one, preferably elongated drawer () that is movable relative to the gasification chamber. 115-. (canceled)16. A device for the solar-thermal gasification of carbon-containing charging material , comprisinga solar reactor including at least one light-transmissive window for introducing concentrated solar radiation, a gasification chamber having a preferably rectangular bottom, and a further chamber into which the concentrated solar radiation enters through the at least one light-transmissive window, the further chamber arranged above the gasification chamber;a beam focusing device associated the at least one light-transmissive window for concentrating solar radiation; andreceiving means for charging material into the gasification chamber, wherein the receiving means comprises at least one drawer that is movable relative to the gasification chamber.17. A device according to claim 16 , wherein said receiving comprises a plurality of adjacently arranged drawers that are movable along parallel displacement paths.18. A device according to claim 16 , wherein said receiving means comprises at least one drawer displaceable between a loading and unloading position outside the gasification chamber and an operating position within the gasification chamber.19. A device according to claim 16 , wherein said device further comprises guide means claim 16 , in particular rails claim 16 , for guiding the at least one drawer along a displacement path.20. A device according to claim 18 , wherein the at least one drawer has a bottom with openings for feeding water vapor and/or carbon ...

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Номер записи: 64

10-03-2016 дата публикации

APPARATUSES, SYSTEMS, STAGING HOPPERS, AND METHODS FOR CONTROLLING CONTINUOUS FEED OF FEEDSTOCK TO A GASIFIER

Номер: US20160068770A1

Автор: APPEL PHILIP W., Howard Daniel A., WEIR THOMAS D.

Принадлежит:

Apparatuses, systems, staging hoppers, and methods for controlling continuous feed of feedstock into a gasifier are described. An example method staging feedstock in a staging hopper of a gasification system, and activating a stirrer to provide the feedstock to from the staging hopper to a gasifier of the gasification system. The gasifier is configured to gasify the feedstock to produce syngas. 1. A system comprising:a staging hopper connected to a hopper, the staging hopper comprising a stirrer configured to continuously supply biomass feedstock to an outlet; anda gasifier configured to receive the biomass feedstock from the outlet of the staging hopper and to gasify the biomass feedstock to provide syngas from a syngas outlet.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the stirrer comprises a shaft extending through the floor of the staging hopper and sweep members affixed to the shaft above the floor of the staging hopper claim 1 , the shaft configured to rotate the sweep members to flow the biomass feedstock to an outlet connected to the gasifier.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the staging hopper further comprises an electric motor configured to rotate the shaft.4. The system of claim 3 , further comprising a controller configured to control a stir cycle frequency of the electric motor based on properties of the gasifier.5. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a transfer mechanism configured to transfer biomass feedstock from the hopper to the staging hopper responsive to a level of the staging hopper falling below a low threshold.6. The system of claim 5 , further comprising one or more sensors configured to indicate the level of biomass in the staging hopper.7. The system of claim 5 , wherein the staging hopper further comprises airlock valves that are configured to allow the gasifier to operate while the transfer mechanism is transferring the biomass feedstock from the hopper to the staging hopper.8. The system of claim 5 , wherein the transfer mechanism ...

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Номер записи: 65

10-03-2016 дата публикации

APPARATUSES, SYSTEMS, COOLING AUGERS, AND METHODS FOR COOLING BIOCHAR

Номер: US20160068771A1

Автор: APPEL PHILIP W., LOVE SARAH E., WEIR THOMAS D.

Принадлежит:

Apparatuses, systems, char cooling augers, and methods for cooling biochar are described. An example system may include a char cooling auger coupled to a gasifier. The char cooling auger including a receiving hopper and an outer tube. The receiving hopper configured to receive and hold biochar from the gasifier. The receiving hopper configured to feed the biochar to a screw conveyor. The screw conveyor configured to rotate to transport the biochar from a first end of the outer tube to an outlet port near a second end of the outer tube. A temperature of the outer tube is less than a temperature of the biochar such that the biochar is cooled as transported through the outer tube prior to collection of the biochar. 1. A system , comprising:a char cooling auger coupled to a gasifier, the char cooling auger comprising a receiving hopper and an outer tube, the receiving hopper configured to receive and hold biochar from the gasifier, the receiving hopper configured to feed the biochar to a screw conveyor extending through the outer tube, the screw conveyor configured to transport the biochar from a first end of the outer tube to an outlet port near a second end of the outer tube, wherein a temperature of the outer tube is less than a temperature of the biochar such that the biochar is cooled as it is transported through the outer tube prior to collection of the biochar in a collection hopper.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the char cooling auger is coupled to the gasifier via a cyclone configured to separate syngas from the biochar.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the char cooling auger further comprises a rotation mechanism configured to rotate the screw conveyor to transport the biochar the outlet port.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the rotation mechanism comprises a motor .5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the motor is directly connected to the screw conveyor via a drive belt or a drive chain.6. The system of claim 3 , further comprising a control system ...

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Номер записи: 66

10-03-2016 дата публикации

Gasification system

Номер: US20160068773A1

Автор: James A. Batdorf, Jeffrey E. Surma

Принадлежит: INENTEC INC

A gasification system method and apparatus to convert a feed stream containing at least some organic material into synthesis gas having a first region, a second region, a gas solid separator, and a means for controlling the flow of material from the first region to the second region. The feed stream is introduced into the system, and the feed stream is partially oxidized in the first region thereby creating a solid material and a gas material. The method further includes the steps of separating at least a portion of the solid material from the gas material with the gas solid separator, controlling the flow of the solid material into the second region from the first region, and heating the solid material in the second region with an electrical means.

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Номер записи: 67

27-02-2020 дата публикации

PYROLYSIS GASIFICATION SYSTEM

Номер: US20200063050A1

Автор: JEON CHI JUNG, KIM SUNG CHUN, SONG JUN IL

Принадлежит:

Provided is a pyrolysis gasification system including a hopper, a loading chamber, a gas generating furnace, an ash discharge unit, and an oxygen supply unit, wherein the loading chamber is provided at an upper end thereof with a first sealing gate to seal the loading chamber, and the gas generating furnace is provided at an upper portion thereof with a second sealing gate to seal the gas generating furnace, such that when the raw material is fed into the gas generating furnace, external air is prevented from entering the gas generating furnace and combustion gas in the gas generating furnace is prevented from being discharged to an outside, whereby oxygen is supplied into the gas generating furnace to increase the content and concentration of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in combustion gas generated during pyrolysis, and thus it is possible to increase the production of syngas. 1. A pyrolysis gasification system comprising:a hopper configured such that raw material is fed thereinto;a loading chamber configured such that the raw material fed into the hopper is temporarily stored therein;a gas generating furnace configured such that the raw material stored in the loading chamber is fed thereinto, and pyrolyzed and incinerated;an ash discharge unit configured to discharge ash completely pyrolyzed in the gas generating furnace; andan oxygen supply unit configured to supply oxygen into the gas generating furnace,wherein the loading chamber is provided at an upper end thereof with a first sealing gate to seal the loading chamber, and the gas generating furnace is provided at an upper portion thereof with a second sealing gate to seal the gas generating furnace, such that when the raw material is fed into the gas generating furnace, external air is prevented from entering the gas generating furnace and combustion gas in the gas generating furnace is prevented from being discharged to an outside.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first sealing gate includes:a first door ...

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Номер записи: 68

27-02-2020 дата публикации

ROTATING AND MOVABLE BED GASIFIER PRODUCING HIGH CARBON CHAR

Номер: US20200063052A1

Автор: JR. LA VOY M., THIESSEN, THIESSEN RANDALL J.

Принадлежит:

The present invention includes a gasifier for gasifying fuels having a container with a top, sidewalls and a bottom for facilitating the gasifying process. One or more open vertical shafts extend downward inside the container for allowing a downdraft or updraft of air and fuel for the gasifying process. A rotating bed is preferably included inside the container and below the one or more shafts for receiving the fuel. The bed rotates essentially perpendicular to the shaft to facilitate even heating and gasifying of the fuel. The bed is further movable relative to the vertical shaft in order to increase or decrease the volume of fuel flow to the fuel. 1. A gasifier for gasifying fuels comprising:a container having an inside and an outside;a generally vertical open fire tube extending into the inside of the container and including one or more fingers extending from a lower portion of the fire tube;a rotating fuel bed located within the inside of the container and spaced from the one or more fingers of the fire tube wherein the distance between the bed and the fingers of the fire tube is greater than zero;an adjustable mechanism for elevating and lowering the fire tube, the mechanism elevating or lowering the fire tube relative to the bed to adjust the distance between the one or more fingers of the fire tube and the bed; anda motor and a drive shaft connecting the motor to the bed for rotating the bed.2. The gasifier of whereby the adjustable mechanism comprises a screw and threaded opening.3. The gasifier of whereby the adjustable mechanism comprises a fluid pressure activated piston.4. The gasifier of whereby the adjustable mechanism is automated.5. The gasifier of further comprising a gas monitoring system for detecting levels of CO claim 4 , H claim 4 , and O.6. The gasifier of whereby the automated adjustable mechanism responds to changes detected by the gas monitoring system.7. The gasifier of wherein the bed has sidewalls extending upwardly.8. A gasifier for ...

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Номер записи: 69

12-03-2015 дата публикации

SYSTEMS FOR PYROLYSIS VAPOR UPGRADING

Номер: US20150071836A1

Автор: Gorke Johnathan T., Lotero Edgar

Принадлежит: Phillips 66 Company

This disclosure relates to systems for the fast pyrolysis of organic matter. More specifically, it relates to systems for the catalytic modification of vapors created during the fast pyrolysis of organic matter to create transportation fuel or a transportation fuel component. The inventive systems either catalytically stabilize or convert at least a first portion of pyrolysis vapors, then combine them with a portion of raw, unconverted bio-derived pyrolysis vapors at a temperature and pressure sufficient for molecules of the combined vapors to react and produce hydrocarbons of increased molecular weight that are suitable for use as a hydrocarbon transportation fuel or component thereof. 1. A system for producing biomass-derived hydrocarbon fuel or a component thereof , comprising:(a) A first and second portion of pyrolysis vapors; a. at least one inlet for receiving the first portion of pyrolysis vapors, and', 'b. at least one catalyst contained inside the reactor for contacting and at least partly upgrading the first portion of pyrolysis vapors to produce an upgraded first portion,', 'c. at least one outlet for conveying the upgraded first portion out of the reactor;, '(b) A reactor having(c) a reaction zone located downstream from the reactor for receiving and combining the upgraded first portion with the second portion of pyrolysis vapors at a temperature and pressure sufficient for molecules of the combined upgraded first portion and the second portion of pyrolysis vapors to react and produce hydrocarbon molecules having molecular weights that are within the boiling range of at least one of gasoline, diesel and gasoil fuels and that are suitable for use as a hydrocarbon transportation fuel or component thereof.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one catalyst comprises multiple catalysts that may be arranged in separate catalyst beds or as mixtures of catalyst.3. The system of claim 1 , comprising one or more additional portions of pyrolysis vapors ...

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Номер записи: 70

09-03-2017 дата публикации

Integrated Process Plant Having a Biomass Reforming Reactor Using a Fluidized Bed

Номер: US20170066983A1

Автор: Argo Andrew, Broerman Andrew W., Jack Douglas S., Kelfkens Renus C., Simmons Wayne W.

Принадлежит:

An interconnected set of two or more stages of reactors to form a bio-reforming reactor that generates syngas for a number of different liquid fuel or chemical processes is discussed. A first stage includes a circulating fluidized bed reactor that is configured to cause a chemical devolatilization of the biomass into its reaction products of constituent gases, tars, chars, and other components, which exit through a reactor output from the first stage. A second stage of the bio-reforming reactor has an input configured to receive a stream of some of the reaction products that includes the constituent gases and at least some of the tars as raw syngas, and then chemically reacts the raw syngas within a vessel of the second stage to make the raw syngas from the first stage into a chemical grade syngas by further cracking the tars, excess methane, or both. 1. An integrated plant , comprising:an interconnected set of two or more stages of reactors to form a bio-reforming reactor that generate syngas for any of 1) a methanol synthesis reactor, 2) a Methanol to Gasoline reactor train process, and 3) a high temperature Fischer-Tropsch reactor train that use syngas derived from biomass in the bio-reforming reactor,where a first stage includes a circulating fluidized bed reactor that has one or more stream inputs to feed heat absorbing media, including silica sand, ilmenite, olivine, dolomite, zeolite catalysts and any combination of the five, a vessel to circulate the heat absorbing media, one or more supply inputs to feed the biomass, and has a sparger to input steam, where the first stage is configured to cause a chemical devolatilization of the biomass into its reaction products of constituent gases, tars, chars, and other components, which exit through a reactor output from the first stage, anda second stage of the bio-reforming reactor has an input configured to receive a stream of some of the reaction products that includes the constituent gases and at least some of the ...

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Номер записи: 71

19-03-2015 дата публикации

Thermal decomposition process for reducing agglomerate formation

Номер: US20150076411A1

Автор: Kim Carlo S. Ocfemia, Peter Simpson Bell

Принадлежит: INEOS BIO SA

A process provides for reducing agglomerate formation during thermal decomposition of a carbonaceous material feedstock. A non-catalytic thermal decomposition process includes providing generally solid feedstock to a thermal decomposition unit and moving the feedstock through at least one gasification zone in the thermal decomposition unit with a moving device. The process includes providing oxygen and optionally an additional gas to the gasification zone. In one aspect, the process includes moving feedstock through the gasification zone and providing oxygen to the gasification zone at rates effective for maintaining a material bed temperature not exceeding about 2300° F. at any point in the material bed, and for maintaining a material bed temperature of about 500° F. to about 2000° F.

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Номер записи: 72

16-03-2017 дата публикации

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION OF LIQUID FUELS IN A REACTOR, USE OF AN APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION OF LIQUID FUELS

Номер: US20170072377A1

Автор: Siemons Roland

Принадлежит:

In an apparatus comprising a chamber () of a reactor drops () of a to be converted liquid are generated by a nozzle () positioned in a space () separate from the chamber (). The drops () make a free fall thought the space and enter via an opening () the chamber () where they fall onto an evaporator body () for evaporation, the evaporated liquid leaves a solid deposit (), A gaseous reactant line () supplies a reactant gas for conversion of the solid deposit () on the surface of the evaporator body. 13123627328773398911927aa. Apparatus comprising a chamber () in a reactor and a feed line () for a liquid comprising a nozzle () for providing fuel to the chamber () , and an exhaust () characterized in that the nozzle () is positioned in a space () separate from the chamber () and the nozzle () is arranged such that drops () or a jet of liquid are formed which make a free fall into the chamber via an opening () in the space () leading into the chamber () , in such a way that the drops or the jet do not touch any solid surface before entering the chamber , and the chamber () comprises an evaporative body () for receiving the drops () or jet and for evaporating the drops fallen on the evaporative body () end a gaseous reactant supply line () for supplying a further reactant gas for conversion of a solid deposit formed by evaporation of the drops on the evaporative body () , wherein the solid angle confined by the nozzle () and the opening () is less than π/4 sr.2277aa. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the nozzle is arranged for making drops of fuel fall vertically wherein the distance (L) between the nozzle () and the opening () is at least larger than the diameter (D) of the opening ().3277aa. Apparatus as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the distance (L) between the nozzle () and the opening () is at least five times larger than the diameter (D) of the opening ().4911. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that the evaporative body () comprises a bed of ...

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Номер записи: 73

07-03-2019 дата публикации

Combined Hydrothermal Liquefaction and Catalytic Hydrothermal Gasification System and Process for Conversion of Biomass Feedstocks

Номер: US20190071606A1

Автор: Elliott Douglas C., Hart Todd R., Neuenschwander Gary G.

Принадлежит: BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE

A combined hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) and catalytic hydrothermal gasification (CHG) system and process are described that convert various biomass-containing sources into separable bio-oils and aqueous effluents that contain residual organics. Bio-oils may be converted to useful bio-based fuels and other chemical feedstocks. Residual organics in HTL aqueous effluents may be gasified and converted into medium-BTU product gases and directly used for process heating or to provide energy. 115-. (canceled)16: A system for conversion of a biomass , the system comprising:a hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) stage that hydrothermally liquefies the biomass in an aqueous medium at a temperature and pressure selected to form a conversion product comprising a separable bio-oil and an aqueous fraction containing residual organics therein; anda catalytic hydrothermal gasification (CHG) stage operatively coupled to the HTL stage configured to receive the aqueous fraction containing residual organics from the HTL stage at a selected temperature and pressure that forms a product gas containing at least one medium BTU product gas.17: The system of claim 16 , further including an upgrade stage configured to upgrade the bio-oil released from the HTL stage over a hydrogenation catalyst at a temperature up to about 450° C. and a hydrogen partial pressure up to about 150 atmospheres (1.52×104 kPa) that yields a green crude.18: The system of claim 16 , wherein the product gas when combusted generates sufficient energy such that the sum of the energy demands for conversion of the biomass feedstock to the product gas is a net positive.19: The system of claim 16 , further including one or more heat exchangers positioned to distribute heat to selected locations in the HTL stage and/or the CHG stage. This application claims priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/657,416 filed 8 Jun. 2012 entitled “Combined Hydrothermal Liquefaction and Catalytic Hydrothermal Gasification for ...

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Номер записи: 74

07-03-2019 дата публикации

Solid and Black Waste Mitigation System and Process

Номер: US20190072275A1

Автор: Geoffrey Louis Doyle, Jerry B. Warner, Kunihiro Nakamoto

Принадлежит: Defense Life Sciences Inc, Leidos Inc

A system for waste processing includes a feeder for receiving a waste stream of carbonaceous materials, multiple independently controllable augers, a reactor and an incinerator. The reactor receives a waste stream from the feeder and using a controllable heating element assembly converts the carbonaceous materials in the waste stream to syngas. The incinerator uses the syngas from the reactor to incinerate separately received black water waste from a storage tank.

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Номер записи: 75

07-03-2019 дата публикации

Furnace monitoring device and gasification unit provided with same

Номер: US20190072331A1

Автор: Junichiro Yamamoto, Takahiro Kubota, Tsutomu Kawamizu

Принадлежит: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd

A furnace monitoring device for monitoring the inside of a gasifier through which a combustible gas flows is provided with: a nozzle that has an internal cavity, and that is inserted inside the gasifier and fixed to the gasifier; a cylindrical protection tube which is inserted into the nozzle, and a part of which, located on the inside of the gasifier is, blocked; a monitoring window which is provided on the protection tube on the inside of the gasifier, and is made of a material that transmits light; a purge mechanism which supplies a gas containing an oxidizer to a surface of the monitoring window facing the inside of the gasifier; and an image capturing means which captures an image of the inside of the gasifier through the monitoring window.

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Номер записи: 76

19-03-2015 дата публикации

Method and Device for Using Oxygen in the Steam Reforming of Biomass

Номер: US20150079525A1

Автор: Karl-Heinz Tetzlaff

Принадлежит: Individual

A device is presented and described for the use of oxygen for the thermochemical gasification of biomass in at least one fluidised bed reactor, a heater being arranged in the fluidised bed of the fluidised bed reactor and the fluidised bed reactor being heatable by at least partial oxidation of a combustible gas with oxygen.

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Номер записи: 77

24-03-2016 дата публикации

SOLID PARTICULATE PUMP HAVING FLEXIBLE SEAL

Номер: US20160083187A1

Автор: Saunders Timothy

Принадлежит:

A solid particulate pump includes a plurality of segments linked to each other in a serial, closed loop arrangement with gaps between neighboring pairs of the segments. A flexible seal extends across the gaps and seals an interior of the closed loop arrangement from an exterior of the closed loop arrangement. 1. A solid particulate pump comprising:a plurality of segments, each segment having an inner link and an outer tile, the plurality of segments attached to each other in a serial, closed loop arrangement, with gaps between adjacent segments; anda flexible seal extending across the gaps and sealing an interior of the gap from fluid communication with an exterior of the gap.2. The solid particulate pump as recited in claim 1 , wherein the segments include respective upper working surfaces claim 1 , and the flexible seal is below the upper working surfaces claim 1 , with respect to the interior of the serial claim 1 , closed loop arrangement.3. The solid particulate pump as recited in claim 2 , wherein the upper working surfaces of the neighboring pairs of the segments overlap.4. The solid particulate pump as recited in claim 1 , wherein the segments include claim 1 , respectively claim 1 , links secured with claim 1 , respectively claim 1 , tile segments that have upper working surfaces claim 1 , and the flexible seal is secured between the links and the tile segments.5. The solid particulate pump as recited in claim 1 , wherein the flexible seal is slack across the gaps.6. The solid particulate pump as recited in claim 1 , wherein the flexible seal includes folds across the gaps.7. The solid particulate pump as recited in claim 1 , wherein the gaps vary in size between a maximum gap size and a minimum gap size as a function location of the neighboring pairs of the segments around the serial claim 1 , closed loop arrangement claim 1 , and the flexible seal is slack at the maximum gap size.8. The solid particulate pump as recited in claim 7 , wherein the flexible ...

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Номер записи: 78

14-03-2019 дата публикации

PROCESS TO PREPARE A CHAR PRODUCT AND A SYNGAS MIXTURE

Номер: US20190078031A1

Автор: BERENDS Robert Hugo, POST VAN DER BURG Robin Pieter

Принадлежит: TORRGAS TECHNOLOGY B.V.

The invention is directed to a process to prepare a char product and a syngas mixture comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide from a solid biomass feed comprising the following steps: (i) performing a continuously operated partial oxidation of the solid biomass feed at a gas temperature of between 700 and 1100° C. and at a solids residence time of less than 5 seconds, (ii) continuously separating the formed char particles as the char product from the formed gaseous fraction and (iii) subjecting the gaseous fraction obtained in step (ii) to a continuously operated partial oxidation and/or to a steam reforming to obtain the syngas mixture. The solid biomass feed has been obtained by torrefaction of a starting material comprising lignocellulose and is a sieve fraction wherein 99 wt % of the solid biomass particles is smaller than 2 mm. 1. A process to prepare a char product and a syngas mixture comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide from a solid biomass feed comprising the following steps:(i) performing a continuously operated partial oxidation of the solid biomass feed at a gas temperature of between 700 and 1100° C. and at a solids residence time of less than 5 seconds thereby obtaining a gaseous fraction comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide and a mixture of gaseous organic compounds and a solid fraction comprising of char particles,(ii) continuously separating the char particles as the char product from the gaseous fraction, and(iii) subjecting the gaseous fraction obtained in step (ii) to a continuously operated partial oxidation or to a steam reforming, or both, to obtain the syngas mixture, wherein the solid biomass feed has been obtained by torrefaction of a starting material comprising lignocellulose and wherein the solid biomass feed is a sieve fraction wherein 99 wt % of the solid biomass particles is smaller than 2 mm.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the gas temperature in step (i) is between 750 and 1000° C.3. The process according to claim 1 ...

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Номер записи: 79

22-03-2018 дата публикации

Rotary Grate for a Fixed-Bed Gasifier that Produces a Product Gas from Hydrocarbon-Containing Feedstock

Номер: US20180079978A1

Автор: Horst Dressler, Michael Hofmeister

Принадлежит: Entrade Energiesysteme Ag

A rotary grate with slit-shaped openings is used in fixed-bed gasifier that produces a product gas from biomass particles. The rotary grate supports the biomass particles. Each slit-shaped opening has a cross-section that conically widens in the direction from the upper to lower side of the grate. The slit-shaped openings act as planes to break up ash supported by the grate as a drive shaft rotates the grate. As the grate rotates, a dome-shaped covering in the middle of the grate causes ash to be spun laterally away from the middle and into the region of the grate where the slit-shaped openings are located. The slit-shaped openings extend concentrically around the middle of the grate. The combined open area of the slit-shaped openings on the upper side of the grate makes up between 20% to 40% of the grating surface area outside the dome-shaped covering on the upper side.

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Номер записи: 80

22-03-2018 дата публикации

ADVANCED THERMAL TREATMENT APPARATUS

Номер: US20180079979A1

Автор: Donegan Daniel Michael

Принадлежит:

A system for pyrolysis or gasification having a first pyrolysis or gasification unit 50 connected to a second pyrolysis or gasification unit 53 by a hermetically sealed gas path. Pyrolysis is used to destroy calorific waste and/or to produce gas therefrom. 1. A system for pyrolysis or gasification having a first pyrolysis or gasification unit connected to a second pyrolysis or gasification unit by a hermetically sealed gas path.2. A system of claim 1 , wherein the second pyrolysis or gasification unit is a rotable retort.3. A system of claim 2 , wherein the hermetically sealed gas path connects to the second pyrolysis or gasification unit through a bearing of the retort.4. A system of claim 1 , wherein the first pyrolysis or gasification unit is a rotable retort.5. A system of claim 1 , wherein a perforated gas input pipe is located inside the second pyrolysis or gasification unit and the hermetically sealed gas path is connected to the perforated gas input pipe.6. A system of further comprising a first thermally insulated housing enclosing the first pyrolysis or gasification unit and a second thermally insulated housing enclosing the second pyrolysis or gasification unit.7. A system of claim 6 , wherein an exhaust duct connects the first thermally insulated housing to the second thermally insulated housing claim 6 , the exhaust duct being adapted to direct exhaust from the interior of the first thermally insulated housing to the interior of the second thermally insulated housing.8. A system of claim 7 , further comprising a first heating system adapted to heat the interior of the first thermally insulated housing and a second heating system adapted to heat the interior of the second thermally insulated housing.9. A system of claim 1 , wherein the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the second pyrolysis or gasification unit is higher than the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the first pyrolysis or gasification unit.10. A system of claim 1 , comprising a ...

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Номер записи: 81

24-03-2016 дата публикации

GASIFIER FOR SOLID CARBON FUEL

Номер: US20160083661A1

Автор: Bacq Alexandre, Bourgois Frederic, Haube Michael, Klein Johan

Принадлежит:

Gasifiers for the gasification of solid carbon-based fuels are disclosed herein. An example gasifier includes an inlet chamber for introducing fuel into the gasifier and a pyrolysis region for pyrolyzing the fuel introduced into the vessel. The pyrolysis region includes first means for admission of a pyrolysis agent. The example gasifier also includes a combustion region for incinerating pyrolysis gases originating from the pyrolysis region, where the combustion region includes second means for admission of a gasifying agent. Also, the example gasifier includes a reduction region for gasifying carbonized fuel originating from the pyrolysis region, an outlet for collecting gases originating from the reduction region, and a region for collecting and discharging ashes. In addition, the example gasifier includes active transfer means to actively transfer solid material from the pyrolysis region to the reduction region. In some examples, the active transfer means is located between the pyrolysis region and the combustion region, and the active transfer means includes a transfer chamber to prevent a direct flow of the solid material from the pyrolysis region to the reduction region, where the transfer chamber is permeable to the pyrolysis gases. 1. A cocurrent fixed bed gasifier for the gasification of solid carbon-based fuel , the gasifier comprising a vertical vessel successively comprising , from the top downward:an inlet chamber for introducing fuel into the gasifier;a pyrolysis region for pyrolyzing the fuel introduced into the vessel, the pyrolysis region including first means for admission of a pyrolysis agent;active transfer means to actively transfer solid material from the pyrolysis region to a reduction region, the active transfer means including a transfer chamber configured to prevent a direct flow of the solid material from the pyrolysis region to the reduction region, the transfer chamber being permeable to pyrolysis gases originating from the pyrolysis ...

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Номер записи: 82

24-03-2016 дата публикации

Method for Producing a Synthesis Gas

Номер: US20160083662A1

Автор: Perez Ernesto Esperanza

Принадлежит: Grupo Guascor, S.L.

A method and system are provided for feeding a biomass material feed into a fluidized bed gasifier. The system includes a first plurality of screw conveyors disposed circumferentially around and connected to or integral with a gasifier shell of the fluidized bed gasifier, such that each of the first plurality of screw conveyors is in feed communication with a gasifier chamber defined by the gasifier shell. The system also includes a plurality of secondary receptacles, each individually coupled to a respective screw conveyor of the first plurality of screw conveyors, such that each of the plurality of secondary receptacles includes a secondary receptacle shell defining a secondary receptacle chamber in feed communication with the respective screw conveyor. The system further includes a plurality of primary receptacles, each including a primary receptacle shell defining a primary receptacle chamber in feed communication with at least two of the plurality of secondary receptacles. 1. A method for producing a synthesis gas from a biomass material feed in a fluidized bed gasifier , comprising:feeding the biomass material feed into a biomass feed system comprising a plurality of screw conveyors, each disposed equidistantly from an adjacent one of the plurality of screw conveyors and circumferentially around and connected to or integral with a gasifier shell of the fluidized bed gasifier, wherein a substantially equal amount of the biomass feed material flows through each of the plurality of screw conveyors into the gasifier chamber; andfeeding a fluid flow into a bottom section of the gasifier chamber of the fluidized bed gasifier, wherein the fluid flow and the biomass material feed contact and react to form the synthesis gas.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluid flow comprises oxygen.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the screw conveyor comprises a screw conveyor housing and an auger disposed within the screw conveyor housing claim 1 , the auger being operatively ...

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Номер записи: 83

26-03-2015 дата публикации

Integrated biorefinery for production of liquid fuels

Номер: US20150086432A1

Автор: Harold A. Wright, Joshua B. PEARSON, Randy BLEVINS

Принадлежит: Res USA LLC

A system including a mixing apparatus configured to produce a reformer feedstock and comprising one or more cylindrical vessel having a conical bottom section, an inlet for superheated steam within the conical bottom section and an inlet for at least one carbonaceous material at or near the top of the cylindrical vessel, wherein the one or more cylindrical vessel is a pressure vessel configured for operation at a pressure in the range of from about 5 psig (34.5 kPa) to about 50 psig (344.7 kPa); a reformer configured to produce, from the reformer feedstock, a reformer product comprising synthesis gas, and also producing a hot flue gas; a synthesis gas conversion apparatus configured to catalytically convert at least a portion of the synthesis gas in the reformer product into synthesis gas conversion product, and to separate, from the synthesis gas conversion product, a spent catalyst stream and a tailgas.

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Номер записи: 84

12-03-2020 дата публикации

Enriched Air Gasifier

Номер: US20200080011A1

Автор: Blythe David R., Hohman Jerrod

Принадлежит:

A method may include, but is not limited to: providing a volume of feedstock and a volume of oxygen-enriched air to a thermal reformer; reacting the volume of feedstock and the volume of oxygen-enriched air with the thermal reformer at an operating temperature to produce a raw syngas stream; removing particulate matter from the raw syngas stream with a two-stage cyclone assembly, wherein the two-stage cyclone assembly comprises a first cyclone and a second cyclone; scrubbing the raw syngas stream received from the two-stage cyclone assembly with a quench scrubber to produce an engine gas stream; and providing the engine gas stream to a CHP genset to be used as fuel. 1. A method for enriched air gasification , comprising:providing a volume of feedstock and a volume of oxygen-enriched air to a thermal reformer;reacting the volume of feedstock and the volume of oxygen-enriched air with the thermal reformer at an operating temperature to produce a raw syngas stream;removing particulate matter from the raw syngas stream with a two-stage cyclone assembly, wherein the two-stage cyclone assembly comprises a first cyclone and a second cyclone;scrubbing the raw syngas stream received from the two-stage cyclone assembly with a quench scrubber to produce an engine gas stream; andproviding the engine gas stream to a CHP genset to be used as fuel.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the thermal reformer comprises a thermal reformer with a single bubbling bed gasifier configuration.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the volume of oxygen-enriched air comprises both a fluidization medium and a gasification reactant.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the operating temperature is between 600° C. and 800° C.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reacting the volume of feedstock and the volume of oxygen-enriched air with the thermal reformer to produce a raw syngas stream takes place at substantially atmospheric pressure.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the volume of feedstock comprises ...

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Номер записи: 85

02-04-2015 дата публикации

Method and Device for the Entrained Flow Gasification of Solid Fuels under Pressure

Номер: US20150090938A1

Автор: Gräbner Martin, Meyer Bernd, Pardemann Robert

Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a process and apparatus for entrained flow gasification of solid fuels under pressure, characterized in that first and second gasification agents containing oxygen are supplied in at least two stages to a powdery gasification stream input from above without burners so that a first, upper gasification chamber and, connected to it, a second, lower gasification chamber are formed. There is partial gasification of the gasification materials because of the addition of the first gasification agents, which are apportioned in terms of quantity and composition; temperatures arise in the first, upper gasification chamber that are greater than 600° C. Furthermore, the carbon conversion of the first gasification products is limited to a maximum of 80% with reference to the carbon input of the gasification materials. Because of the addition of the second gasification agents that are apportioned in terms of quantity and composition, temperatures arise in the second gasification chamber that are so high that complete gasification takes place for the most part and the desired composition of the raw synthesis gases of the second gasification products is achieved. In the process, the ashes are discharged in a dry form and/or in the form of melted slag. 1. Method for the entrained flow gasification of solid fuels under pressure by means of an entrained flow gasifier with a pressure reactor with two gasification chambers anda vertically downwards flow,into which powdery gasification materials are input from above,to which first and second gasification agents containing oxygen are added in at least two stages, so a first, upper gasification chamber and, connected to that, a second, lower gasification chamber are formed, andfrom which gasification products that are comprised of raw synthesis gases loaded with liquid slag and/or solids are discharged downwards out of the gasification chambers,characterized in thatthe powdery gasification materials are input ...

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Номер записи: 86

25-03-2021 дата публикации

Pipe member, gasification combined power generation device, and pipe member assembly method

Номер: US20210087482A1

Автор: Fumihiro Chuman, Masashi Kitada

Принадлежит: Mitsubishi Power Ltd

In order to allow for thermal elongation of a liner, a pipe member, in the interior of which flows a fluid containing solids, is provided with: a tubular outer pipe; a single tubular liner provided inside the outer pipe with a gap therebetween in the radial direction, or a plurality thereof arranged serially in the direction of the pipe axis C; a refractory material filled in between the outer pipe and the liner; a first liner holding member that is provided on an end portion side of the outer pipe, and that holds the liner arranged on the end portion side in a restrained state in the pipe axis C direction and the circumferential direction around the pipe axis C; and a second liner holding member that is provided on an end portion side of the outer pipe, and that holds the liner arranged on the end portion side.

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Номер записи: 87

29-03-2018 дата публикации

Small scale production of methoxy compounds

Номер: US20180086683A1

Автор: Richard Sapienza

Принадлежит: Individual

A method includes receiving a base raw material at a system. The base raw material is converted to synthesis gas. The synthesis gas is conditioned to remove moisture and carbon dioxide. One or more methoxy compounds are produced from methanol when the methanol is produced from the conditioned synthesis gas at operational temperatures below 205° C.

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Номер записи: 88

30-03-2017 дата публикации

Method Of Gasification Of Waste, In Particular Household Waste And The Apparatus For Performing Such A Method

Номер: US20170088783A1

Автор: Nawrocki Piotr

Принадлежит:

A system and process for the gasification of waste, particularly household waste, in an apparatus comprising a gasification system for waste treatment and gasifier. 1. A process for the gasification of waste , particularly household waste , in an apparatus comprising a gasification system for waste treatment and gas generator , comprising the following successive steps:(a) start-up,(b) loading of waste into the waste processing,(c) processing waste, starting from step (c1) shredding the waste in a system for processing waste,(d) passing treated waste from the processing of waste to the gasifier,(e) producing synthesis gas in the gasifier,(f) producing electricity and/or heat from the synthesis gas,characterised in that (c2) drying the waste,', '(c3) granulation of the dried waste obtained from step (c2),', '(c4) compression of the granulate produced in step (c3)', 'wherein step (d) is passing compressed granules of step (c4) to step (e), the interval between steps (c1)-(c4) and step (e) may be any, and excess unused energy produced in step (f) is stored., 'step (c) comprises a sequence of steps'}2. Method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the waste disposed includes wood claim 1 , paper claim 1 , cardboard claim 1 , plastics claim 1 , organic matter claim 1 , in particular food.3. Method according to claim 1 , characterised in that after the execution of step (e) claim 1 , the transfer of the produced syngas for power generation plants and/or heat claim 1 , preferably a power generator and/or boiler.4. Method according to claim 1 , characterised in that after the performance of step (f) the device is switched off.5. Method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the residue from step (e) as a solid claim 1 , in particular ash claim 1 , and gaseous is discharged outside the system by a dedicated ventilation system.6. Method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the unused excess energy produced in step (f) is stored in at least one battery ...

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Номер записи: 89

19-03-2020 дата публикации

PULVERIZED COAL GASIFICATION DEVICE AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING HIGH HEATING VALUE COAL GAS WITH LOW CARBON RESIDUE CONTENT

Номер: US20200087589A1

Автор: CHENG Xingxing, FU Jiapeng, Ma Chunyuan, WANG TAO, Zhang Liqiang, Zhang Zhen, ZHAO Xiqiang, ZHOU Binxuan

Принадлежит: Shandong University

A pulverized coal gasification device and process for producing high heating value coal gas with low carbon residue content includes a U-shaped coal gas generation furnace and a coal gas-semicoke separating device, and the U-shaped coal gas generation furnace consists of two section structures including high-temperature and low-temperature sections which are arranged in a U-shaped manner; the high-temperature section and the low-temperature section share an ash hopper; the high-temperature section is a downward entrained-flow bed, and the low-temperature section is an upward entrained-flow bed; and an inlet of the coal gas separating device is connected to the outlet of the low-temperature section, a solid outlet of the coal gas separating device is connected to an inlet of the high-temperature section, and a gas outlet of the coal gas separating device is connected to a coal gas waste heat utilizing and purifying system. The coal utilization rate can be greatly increased. 1. A pulverized coal gasification device for producing high heating value coal gas with low carbon residue content , wherein , comprising a U-shaped coal gas generation furnace and a coal gas-semicoke separating device , wherein the U-shaped coal gas generation furnace comprises two section structures namely a high-temperature section and a low-temperature section which are arranged in a U-shaped manner; the high-temperature section and the low-temperature section share an ash hopper; the high-temperature section is a downward entrained-flow bed , and the low-temperature section is an upward entrained-flow bed; and an inlet of the coal gas-semicoke separating device is connected to an outlet of the low-temperature section , a solid outlet of the coal gas separating device is connected to an inlet of the high-temperature section , and a gas outlet of the coal gas separating device is connected to a coal gas waste heat utilizing and purifying system.2. The pulverized coal gasification device for ...

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Номер записи: 90

07-04-2016 дата публикации

Particulate pump with rotary drive and integral chain

Номер: US20160097009A1

Автор: Timothy Saunders

Принадлежит: GAS TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE

A particulate pump includes a posimetric rotary drive that has a hub affixed to a pair of discs. The posimetric rotary drive and chain together provides a working surface for a coal plug against a wall. A chain has a plurality of overlapping links and is integral with the hub.

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Номер записи: 91

28-03-2019 дата публикации

CONTINUOUSLY OPERABLE MECHANICAL OR ELECTRICAL POWER SOURCE FUELED BY GAS OR SOLID FUEL INCLUDING GAS FROM IMPROVED BIOMASS DOWNDRAFT GASIFIER

Номер: US20190093029A1

Автор: Chagnot Catherine J.

Принадлежит:

The invention includes a downdraft gasifier having a rotatable auger/grate extending through its reduction zone. The auger at times moves biofuel through the gasifier and at times supports it in the gasifier. A frusto-conical biomass grate funnels biomass onto the auger and is perforate for permitting the passage of gases while retaining the biomass. A guide tube surrounds the auger below the frusto-conical biomass grate. The invention also includes mixing gas or solid particulate fuel in a conduit segment that houses a mixing chamber. Fuel is fed through a fuel inlet port into the mixing chamber. High velocity combustion air from a blower is forced into the mixing chamber through a restricted orifice that generates a suction pressure for drawing gas or solid particulate fuel into the mixing chamber. A combustion chamber supply conduit delivers fuel from the mixing chamber into a burner. 1. A downdraft gasifier having a fire tube surrounding a gasifier working chamber , a grate within the gasifier working chamber for supporting burning biomass and a fuel gas outlet , the gasifier working chamber including a combustion zone above a reduction zone , the grate of the downdraft gasifier further comprising:an auger extending through a portion of the gasifier working chamber and comprising an auger screw connected to a central auger shaft having a central axis of rotation, an upper end of the auger screw positioned in a region between the combustion zone and the reduction zone, the auger screw extending from its upper end downward into the reduction zone.2. A downdraft gasifier in accordance with and further comprising:(a) a frusto-conical biomass grate in the gasifier working chamber at the combustion zone and arranged for funneling biomass onto the auger screw, the frusto-conical biomass grate being perforated for permitting the passage of gases while retaining the biomass; and(b) a guide tube surrounding the auger screw and having an open upper end in registration with ...

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Номер записи: 92

04-04-2019 дата публикации

TWO-STAGE GASIFIER AND GASIFICATION PROCESS WITH FEEDSTOCK FLEXIBILITY

Номер: US20190100707A1

Автор: Amick Philip Rodney, Lokare Shrinivas, Michaud Paul Edgar, Shah Jayesh, Tsang Albert C., WILLIAMS Chancelor L.

Принадлежит: LUMMUS TECHNOLOGY LLC

A two-stage gasification reactor may include a reactor lower section and a reactor upper section. The reactor lower section may include (a) a lower reactor body, (b) two primary feed nozzles, configured to introduce at least one of a dry feedstock or a first slurried feedstock and located on opposing terminal ends of the lower reactor body, and (c) at least two secondary feed nozzles, configured to introduce a liquid hydrocarbon feedstock, located on the lower reactor body. The reactor upper section may include (a) an upper reactor body, (b) at least one upper feed nozzle, configured to introduce at least one of a dry feedstock or a first slurried feedstock, located on the upper reactor body, and (c) an outlet. 112-. (canceled)13. A two-stage gasification reactor , comprising: (a) a lower reactor body;', '(b) two primary feed nozzles, configured to introduce at least one of a dry feedstock or a first slurried feedstock, located on opposing terminal ends of the lower reactor body; and', '(c) at least two secondary feed nozzles, configured to introduce a liquid hydrocarbon feedstock, located on the lower reactor body;, 'a reactor lower section comprising (a) an upper reactor body;', '(b) at least one upper feed nozzle, configured to introduce at least one of a dry feedstock or a first slurried feedstock, located on the upper reactor body; and', '(c) an outlet., 'a reactor upper section comprising14. The two-stage gasification reactor of claim 13 , wherein the at least two secondary feed nozzles are oriented so they provide feeds along secondary feed vectors that maintain a vertical symmetry within the reactor lower section with feeds along primary feed vectors from the primary feed nozzles.15. The two-stage gasification reactor of claim 13 , wherein the at least two secondary feed nozzles and the primary feed nozzle are oriented so they provide feeds along feed vectors that intersect at a feed intersection point that is substantially in the center of the lower reactor ...

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Номер записи: 93

23-04-2015 дата публикации

LIQUID FUEL FOR ISOLATING WASTE MATERIAL AND STORING ENERGY

Номер: US20150110691A1

Автор: McAlister Roy Edward

Принадлежит:

Techniques, systems, apparatus, and materials are disclosed for generating multi-purpose liquid fuel for isolating contaminants and storing energy. In one aspect, a method of producing a liquid fuel includes forming a gaseous fuel (e.g., by dissociating biomass waste using waste heat recovered from an external heat source). Carbon dioxide emitted from an industrial process can be harvested and reacted with the gaseous fuel to generate the liquid fuel. A hazardous contaminant can be dissolved in the liquid fuel, with the liquid fuel operating as a solvent or continuous phase for a solution or colloid that isolates the hazardous contaminant from the environment. The hazardous contaminant can include at least one of a carbon donor and a hydrogen donor. 1. A system , comprising:a first reactor configured to react a gaseous fuel with a gaseous first waste material to form a liquid fuel;a mixer configured to mix the liquid fuel with a second waste material to form a solution or colloid; anda second reactor configured to react the solution or colloid to form a second gaseous fuel.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first reactor and the mixer are at a first location claim 1 , the second reactor is at a second location claim 1 , and the first location is between about 1 km and about 500 km from the second location.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the mixer includes an adsorbent configured to adsorb the second waste material from a gaseous second waste material precursor and desorb the second waste material into the liquid fuel.4. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a third reactor configured to react biomass to form the gaseous fuel to be reacted with the gaseous first waste material.5. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a separator configured to separate a second waste material precursor into the second waste material and a reject material.6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the separator includes an adsorbent configured to adsorb the reject material. ...

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Номер записи: 94

20-04-2017 дата публикации

PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR REACTING ORGANIC MATERIALS TO GIVE HYDROGEN GAS

Номер: US20170107435A1

Автор: Jeney Peter

Принадлежит:

A device for reacting an organic starting material to yield a gas that includes hydrogen has a feed device, a tubular furnace with an entry zone, an interior space, an axis of rotation and an exit side, and a water feed arranged by the feed device or entry zone and controllable as a function of the content of hydrogen in the gas mixture. The feed device feeds the starting material in the region of the entry zone into the interior space of the tubular furnace, from which a solid material and a gas mixture is discharged. The tubular furnace has a compensator for different thermal expansions of a first zone and a second zone. A gas-conducting system includes a gas monitor for the content of hydrogen in the gas mixture. 2. The apparatus according to wherein the compensator is arranged in a transition area between the first zone and the second zone.3. The apparatus according to and further comprising a stationary bearing claim 1 , wherein the compensator is connected to the tubular furnace and designed to slide in relation to the stationary bearing claim 1 , wherein in the event of thermally-induced expansion the compensator is configured to be displaced relative to the bearing.4. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the tubular furnace is supported in a sliding manner in the region of the entry zone and/or the exit zone in order to permit thermally-induced expansion of the tubular furnace in the direction of the axis of rotation.5. The apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising in the area of the water feed an actuator is arranged and configured to regulate the water feed by way of a control variable which is provided by the gas monitor.6. The apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising in the region of the first zone of the tubular furnace a preheating system that is configured to bring the starting material in the region of the first zone up to a temperature of between 300 degrees Celsius and 900 degrees Celsius.7. The apparatus according to ...

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Номер записи: 95

29-04-2021 дата публикации

MODULAR SYNGAS SYSTEM, MARINE VESSEL POWERED THEREBY, AND METHOD OF OPERATION

Номер: US20210122988A1

Автор: Burki Taimur K.

Принадлежит:

A land based or marine vessel based system for generating power from syngas utilizes a feedstock of waste material acquired from waste dumps, municipalities, and/or ports of call of the marine vessel. The marine vessel or land based system can be retrofitted to be fueled by the waste material. The syngas is used to provide propulsive and/or electrical power for the marine vessel or the land based system. The waste material is not just a feedstock for the syngas but is provided with payment from the ports of call to take the waste material away. The marine vessel also collects garbage floating on the waterway along the voyage between the various ports of call for use as feedstock in the production of syngas. The modular syngas generation system further generates Hfrom the syngas. The Hgenerated thereby is used to fuel an Hfuel cell for the generation of electrical power. 1. A modular system for generating power from syngas , comprising:a modular system for producing syngas from a feedstock;a modular combustor or a combined modular combustor and modular boiler assembly; andone or more modular turbines; whereinat least a portion of the syngas produced by the modular system for producing syngas is burned in the modular combustor to produce hot exhaust gases; whereinthe hot exhaust gases are passed through the one or more modular turbines, or are directed to the modular boiler to produce steam that is passed through the one or more modular turbines.2. The modular system of claim 1 , wherein the modular system is selected from the group consisting of a system disposed on land and a system disposed on a marine vessel.3. The modular system of claim 2 , wherein a portion of the syngas produced by the modular system for producing syngas is stored in a storage tank.4. The modular system of claim 2 , wherein the system is disposed on a marine vessel and the marine vessel is selected from the group consisting of a self-powered marine vessel and an unpowered barge that is towed ...

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Номер записи: 96

28-04-2016 дата публикации

WATER/WASTEWATER RECYCLE AND REUSE WITH PLASMA, ACTIVATED CARBON AND ENERGY SYSTEM

Номер: US20160115048A1

Автор: Foret Todd

Принадлежит:

The present invention provides a system that includes a glow discharge cell and a plasma arc torch. A first valve is connected to a wastewater source. An eductor has a first inlet, a second inlet and an outlet, wherein the first inlet is connected to the outlet of the electrically conductive cylindrical vessel, the second inlet is connected to the first valve, and the outlet is connected to the tangential inlet of the plasma arc torch. A second valve is connected between the tangential outlet of the plasma arc torch and the inlet of the glow discharge cell, such that the plasma arc torch provides the electrically conductive fluid to the glow discharge cell and the glow discharge cell provides a treated water via the outlet centered in the closed second end. 1. A system comprising: an electrically conductive cylindrical vessel having a first end and a closed second end, an inlet proximate to the first end, and an outlet centered in the closed second end,', 'a hollow electrode aligned with a longitudinal axis of the electrically conductive cylindrical vessel and extending at least from the first end into the electrically conductive cylindrical vessel, wherein the hollow electrode has an inlet and an outlet,', 'a first insulator that seals the first end of the electrically conductive cylindrical vessel around the hollow electrode and maintains a substantially equidistant gap between the electrically conductive cylindrical vessel and the hollow electrode, and', 'a non-conductive granular material disposed within the substantially equidistant gap, wherein the non-conductive granular material allows an electrically conductive fluid to flow between the electrically conductive cylindrical vessel and the hollow electrode, and the combination of the non-conductive granular material and the electrically conductive fluid prevents electrical arcing between the cylindrical vessel and the hollow electrode during an electric glow discharge;, 'a glow discharge cell comprising a ...

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Номер записи: 97

30-04-2015 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR CONTROLLING ON-BOARD GENERATION AND USE OF HYDROGEN FUEL MIXTURES

Номер: US20150118146A1

Автор: COLLINSON Daniel K., EDALATI Nick K.

Принадлежит:

This is a system for generating hydrogen on-board the vehicle from compressed natural gas (CNG) in select ratios to create hydrogen-enriched CNG (HCNG) fuel for use in internal combustion engines. The on-board generation of hydrogen is comprised of a reforming system of CNG fuel with direct contact with exhaust gases. The reforming system controls for production of HCNG fuel mixtures is based on specific engine operating conditions. The vehicle's engine controls and operating parameters are modified for combustion of selective ratios of HCNG fuel mixtures throughout engine operating cycle. The reforming system controls and engine controls modifications are also used to minimize combustion emissions and optimize engine performance. 1. A method for generating on-board hydrogen to produce HCNG for use in CNG power vehicles.2. A system with integrated control systems for producing HCNG alternative fuel , with calibrated ratios of hydrogen enrichment , on-board a motor vehicle comprising: a POX reformer;', 'a steam reformer;', 'a carbon dioxide reformer;', 'a high-temperature water gas shift reformer;', 'a low-temperature water gas shift reformer;, 'an on-board reforming system comprisinga reforming system controls, synchronized with ECU, to produce calibrated ratios of hydrogen in HCNG alternative fuel;{'sub': '2', 'an Engine Controls Unit, ECU, configured to operate with variable Hratios in HCNG alternative fuel.'} The present application claims the benefit of US Provisional Patent Application No. 61/873,491, filed Sep. 4, 2013, which application is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.This invention relates generally to the on-board vehicle generation of hydrogen-enriched natural gas fuel for use as an alternative fuel, and particularly to integrated control systems for generation of hydrogen fuel mixtures and use in internal combustion engines.Hydrogen-enriched Compressed Natural Gas (HCNG) is a clean alternative fuel that combines the advantages of ...

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Номер записи: 98

07-05-2015 дата публикации

Process and system for converting waste to energy without burning

Номер: US20150122243A1

Автор: Terry R. Galloway

Принадлежит: INTELLERGY Inc

This invention relates to a power recovery process in waste steam/CO 2 reformers whereby a waste stream can be made to release energy without having to burn the waste or the syngas. This invention does not make use of fuel cells as its critical component but makes use of highly exothermic chemical reactors using syngas to produce large amounts of heat, such as Fischer-Tropsch. It also relates to control or elimination of the emissions of greenhouse gases in the power recovery process of this invention with the goal of producing energy in the future carbonless world economy. A New Concept for a duplex kiln was developed that has the combined functionality of steam/CO 2 reforming, heat transfer, solids removal, filtration, and heat recovery. New methods of carbon-sequestering where the syngas produced by steam/CO 2 reforming can be used in Fischer-Tropsch processes that make high-carbon content compounds while recycling the methane and lighter hydrocarbons back to the reformer to further produce syngas at a higher H 2 /CO ratio.

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Номер записи: 99

18-04-2019 дата публикации

FLUIDIZED BED COKING WITH FUEL GAS PRODUCTION

Номер: US20190112537A1

Автор: Harandi Mohsen N., Phillips Glen E., Rajagopalan Suriyanarayanan

Принадлежит:

A Flexicoking™ unit which retains the capability of converting heavy oil feeds to lower boiling liquid hydrocarbon products while making a fuel gas from rejected coke to provide only a minimal coke yield. The heater section of the conventional three section unit (reactor, heater, gasifier) is eliminated and all or a portion of the cold coke from the reactor is passed directly to the gasifier which is modified by the installation of separators to remove coke particles from the product gas which is taken out of the gasifier for ultization. In one embodiment, a portion of cold coke is transferred directly from the reactor to the gasifier, and another portion of cold coke is combined with hot, partly gasified coke particles transferred directly from the gasifier to the reactor. The hot coke from the gasifier is passed directly to the coking zone of the reactor to supply heat to support the endothermic cracking reactions and supply seed nuclei for the formation of coke in the reactor. Coke is withdrawn from the gasifier to remove excess coke and to purge the system of metals and ash. 1. A coking process for converting a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock to lower boiling products in a fluid coking process unit comprised of a fluid coking reactor and a gasifier , comprising:(i) introducing the heavy hydrocarbon feedstock into the coking zone of a fluid coking reactor containing a fluidized bed of solid particles maintained at coking temperatures to produce a vapor phase product including normally liquid hydrocarbons, while coke is deposited on the solid particles forming cold coke to be transferred;(ii) transferring the cold coke by passing a first portion of the cold coke directly to the gasifier,(iii) contacting the cold coke in the gasifier with steam and an oxygen-containing gas in an oxygen limited atmosphere at an elevated temperature of about 850 to 1000° C. and at a pressure of from about 0 to 1000 kPag to heat the cold coke into hot coke and form a fuel gas product ...

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Номер записи: 100