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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
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Применить Всего найдено 1492. Отображено 100.
26-01-2012 дата публикации

Waste heat boiler

Номер: US20120017853A1
Автор: Cornelius Johannes Schellekens, Thomas Paul Von Kossak-Glowczewski
Принадлежит: Individual

Waste heat boiler ( 1 ) being an elongated vessel comprising a co-axial positioned tubular channel ( 4 ) for hot gas, said channel further being provided with an inlet ( 11 ) for hot gas and an outlet for cooled gas, wherein a gas pathway ( 6 ) is defined between said inlet and outlet of said tubular channel and wherein in the gas pathway one or more bundles of tubular cooling surfaces are present, said tubular cooling surfaces ( 7 ) positioned co-axial with the channel, wherein the tubular channel is closed at one end ( 8 ), thereby forming a gas reversal chamber ( 9 ), and wherein the gas inlet is an opening in the wall of the tubular channel positioned between the gas reversal chamber and the gas pathway, wherein the inlet for hot gas is connected to an inlet conduit ( 11 ), which conduit is positioned under an angle α with said tubular channel and wherein at the hot gas inlet in the tubular channel a diverter plate ( 12 ) is present.

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Номер записи: 1
16-02-2012 дата публикации

Method and apparatus for processing of carbon-containing feed stock into gasification gas

Номер: US20120036778A1
Автор: Sergii Y. Stryzhak
Принадлежит: Individual

The invention relates to chemical technology and equipment, in particular to apparatuses of processing of solid household and industrial waste, as well as other carbon-containing feedstock into combustible gasification gas and methods for pyrolysis and downdraft gasification process.

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Номер записи: 2
17-05-2012 дата публикации

Entrained flow gasifier with integrated radiation cooler

Номер: US20120117878A1
Автор: Christian Reuther, Frank Hannemann, Manfred Schingnitz, Ralph Schumann, Thomas Fleischer
Принадлежит: SIEMENS AG

An entrained flow gasifier designed as a component for an Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle plant of optimized efficiency is provided. The raw gas initially flows through a waste heat unit designed as a radiation cooler and subsequently flows through a full water quench. This results in a higher ratio of steam in the raw gas, which decreases the medium-pressure steam supply before the water-gas shift and thus improves efficiency in IGCC plants with CO 2 separation.

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Номер записи: 3
26-07-2012 дата публикации

Gasification reactor for production of crude gas containing co or h2

Номер: US20120189499A1
Автор: Eberhard Kuske, Johannes Dostal, Lothar Semrau, Reinald Schulze Eckel
Принадлежит: THYSSENKRUPP UHDE GMBH

In the case of a gasification reactor for the production of crude gas, containing CO or H 2 , by gasification of ash-containing fuel with oxygen-containing gas, at temperatures above the melting temperature of the ash, wherein a reaction chamber formed by a membrane wall through which coolant flows, within a pressure container, is provided, with a narrowing transition channel into a gas cooling chamber, wherein spin-reducing, cooled bulkheads are provided in the transition channel, a solution is to be created, with which a strand formation of the outflowing ash can be achieved, for one thing, and, for another, a further slag drip edge that ensures optimal slag outflow is made available. This is achieved in that the wall ( 14 ) that carries the bulkheads ( 9 ) makes a transition, below the bulkheads, into a cylinder wall ( 17 ) that is reduced in diameter, by way of a step ( 21 ) having a corrugated surface, that the cylinder wall ( 17 ), which is reduced in diameter, is enclosed by a further cylindrical wall ( 19 ), which is enlarged in diameter, which wall forms a second slag drip edge ( 10 ) at its end, in the direction of gravity, and that the further cylindrical wall ( 19 ) is disposed to be adjustable (arrow 22 ) in its vertical position, with reference to the first drip edge ( 18 ).

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Номер записи: 4
10-01-2013 дата публикации

Quench chamber assembly for a gasifier

Номер: US20130011308A1
Автор: Allyson Joy Jimenez-Huyke, Gregory Michael Laskowski, Helge Burghard Herwig Klockow, Jennifer Lynn Moyer, Judeth Brannon Corry, Karl Hardcastle, Prashant Tiwari, Scott Reginald Parent, Shailesh Singh Bhaisora, Steven Craig Russell, Yulianto Salahuddin Mohsin
Принадлежит: General Electric Co

A gasifier includes a combustion chamber in which a fuel is burned to produce a syngas and a particulated solid residue. A quench chamber is disposed downstream of the combustion chamber. A dip tube is disposed coupling the combustion chamber to the quench chamber. The syngas is directed to contact liquid coolant in the quench chamber and produce a cooled syngas. A draft tube is disposed surrounding the dip tube such that an annular passage is formed. A baffle is disposed proximate to an exit path of the quench chamber. The cooled syngas is directed through the annular passage and impacted against the baffle so as to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas before it is directed through the exit path. A cross sectional area of the annular passage is smaller towards the bottom of the quench chamber and larger towards the top of the quench chamber.

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Номер записи: 5
05-09-2013 дата публикации

Horizontally-Oriented Gasifier with Lateral Transfer System

Номер: US20130228445A1
Автор: Andreas Tsangaris, Douglas Michael Feasby, Geoffrey Dobbs, Kenneth Craig Campbell, Mao Pei Cui, Zhiyuan Shen
Принадлежит: Plasco Energy Group Inc

A method and apparatus is described for the efficient conversion of carbonaceous feedstock including municipal solid waste into a product gas through gasification. More specifically, a horizontally-oriented gasifier having one or more lateral transfer system for moving material through the gasifier is provided thereby allowing for the horizontal expansion of the gasification process such that there is sequential promotion of feedstock drying, volatization and char-to-ash conversions.

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Номер записи: 6
26-09-2013 дата публикации

Macroapparatus for the production and treatment of gas obtained from mineral coal

Номер: US20130247846A1
Автор: Giovanni Cappello
Принадлежит: KOAR ENERGY RESOURCES LLC

A plant and a method for the production of energy from coal CM. In the plant, a macroapparatus comprises: an updraft gasifier, a dedusting unit; an evaporative cooler; a scrubber; and a humidifier. The cooler and the scrubber each comprise means for spraying an aqueous mixture into the gas, a basin for storing a quantity of condensed aqueous mixture, a recirculation circuit for removing the aqueous mixture from the basin and supplying it to the spraying means, and a bleed for removing the condensed pollutants and conveying them to the gasifier. The scrubber also comprises a heat exchanger along the recirculation circuit. The humidifier comprises: means for spraying into an oxygenated gas the aqueous mixture drawn from the cooler basin; a line for supplying the wet oxygenated gas to the gasifier.

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Номер записи: 7
21-11-2013 дата публикации

Method of gasifying carbonaceous material and a gasification system

Номер: US20130306913A1
Автор: Chun-zhu LI, Hongwei WU, Mohammad Asadullah, Xiaoshan WANG
Принадлежит: Curtin University of Technology

A method of gasifying carbonaceous material is described. The method comprises a first step of pyrolysing and partially gasifying the carbonaceous material to produce volatiles and char. The volatiles and the char are then separated and, subsequently, the char is gasified and the volatiles are reformed. The raw product gas is then finally cleaned with char or char-supported catalysts or other catalysts.

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Номер записи: 8
07-01-2016 дата публикации

GASIFIER FLUIDIZATION

Номер: US20160002547A1
Автор: BORUM Bryan C., CARRYER Benjamin H., ELROD Eric R., JIANG Weibin, MCCOMISH Bruce E., ROBERTSON Mark K., WEEKS Sim, WRIGHT Harold A.
Принадлежит:

A system for the production of synthesis gas, including a gasification apparatus configured to convert at least a portion of a gasifier feed material introduced thereto into a gasification product gas comprising synthesis gas having a molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide; at least one additional apparatus selected from the group consisting of feed preparation apparatus located upstream of the gasification apparatus, synthesis gas conditioning apparatus, and synthesis gas utilization apparatus; and at least one line fluidly connecting the at least one additional apparatus or an outlet of the gasification apparatus with the at least one vessel of the gasification apparatus, whereby a gas from the at least one additional apparatus or exiting the gasification apparatus may provide at least one non-steam component of a fluidization gas. A method of utilizing the system is also provided. 1. A system for the production of synthesis gas , the system comprising:a gasification apparatus configured to convert at least a portion of a gasifier feed material introduced thereto into a gasification product gas comprising synthesis gas having a molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide, wherein the gasification apparatus comprises at least one vessel configured for fluidization of the contents thereof via introduction thereto of a fluidization gas comprising at least one non-steam component;at least one additional apparatus selected from the group consisting of feed preparation apparatus located upstream of the gasification apparatus and configured to prepare a carbonaceous material for introduction into the gasification apparatus; synthesis gas conditioning apparatus configured to produce a conditioned synthesis gas having a molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide that is different from the molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide in the gasification product gas, to provide a conditioned synthesis gas having a reduced amount of at least one component relative to the ...

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Номер записи: 9
07-01-2021 дата публикации

SLAG DISCHARGE DEVICE, GASIFIER FURNACE AND INTEGRATED GASIFICATION COMBINED CYCLE, AND SLAG DISCHARGE METHOD

Номер: US20210002567A1
Автор: ARAKAWA Yoshiaki, Kitada Masashi, Koyama Yoshinori, KUME Tatsuya, Miyata Yasuyuki, Shibata Yasunari, Shinoda Haruto
Принадлежит: Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems, Ltd.

An object is to curb damage localized in a slag capturing portion caused when slag passes therethrough. A slag discharge device includes: a screen mesh () that is a porous member including a plurality of through-holes () formed therein; and a crushing device () that crushes water-granulated slag (S) captured by the screen mesh (). The crushing device has a crusher head () that breaks, with a pressure, and thus crushes the water-granulated slag (S), a hydraulic cylinder () that reciprocates the crusher head in a predetermined direction, a guide plate () that restricts movement of the crusher head caused by the hydraulic cylinder, and a plurality of crushing spaces () in which the water-granulated slag (S) is crushed. A communication opening that causes the crushing spaces () to communicate with each other is formed in a partitioning wall guide plate () of the guide plate. 1. A slag discharge device that discharges , from a gasifier furnace adapted to gasify carbonaceous feedstock , slag that is generated at a combustor portion of the gasifier furnace and drops from the combustor portion , the slag discharge device comprising:a capturing portion that is a porous member provided vertically below the combustor portion so as to intersect a dropping direction of the slag and including a plurality of through-holes formed therein, that allows the slag smaller than the through-holes to pass therethrough, and that captures the slag larger than the through-holes; anda crushing means for crushing the slag captured by the capturing portion,wherein the crushing means has a plurality of crushing portions that break, with a pressure, and thus crush the slag that is present on a main capturing surface that is an upper surface of the capturing portion in a vertical direction, a drive portion that reciprocates the crushing portions in a predetermined direction along the main capturing surface, regulation portions that regulate a direction of moving of the crushing portions caused by ...

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Номер записи: 10
03-01-2019 дата публикации

Arrangement and method for preparing a gas

Номер: US20190002777A1
Автор: Karvonen Teuvo
Принадлежит: ForestGas Oy

The invention relates to an arrangement for preparing a gas in a closable reactor by supplying the reactor with carbon-based biomass or chopped wood material, such as chips, in substantially oxygen-free conditions, by allowing the biomass or wood material to gasify at a high temperature, and by recovering the gas generated in a gasification reaction. In that the arrangement the reactor has its interior defined by a feed pipe whose inlet end is closable with a shut-off valve, especially with a ball valve, and whose outlet end adjoins a heatable gasification dome, biomass or chopped wood material is delivered from the feed pipe's inlet end into the reactor's interior, the reactor's interior is supplied with free water/water vapor in its supercritical state, which is optionally prepared catalytically by splitting water/water vapor, the biomass or wood material is conveyed into a gasification space of the reactor's interior, which is in connection with the heated gasification dome and which is adapted to have existing conditions selected in a manner such that the water present in said gasification space is present in its supercritical state, and the gas generated in the gasification reaction is recovered. 13. An arrangement for preparing a gas (G) in a closable reactor () by supplying said reactor with carbon-based biomass or chopped wood material , such as chips , in substantially oxygen-free conditions , by allowing the biomass or wood material to gasify at a high temperature , and by recovering the gas (G) generated in a gasification reaction (R) , wherein{'b': 3', '30', '24', '36, 'the reactor () has its interior () defined by a feed pipe whose inlet end is closable with a shut-off valve (), especially with a ball valve, and whose outlet end adjoins a heatable gasification dome (),'}{'b': '3', "biomass or chopped wood material is delivered from the feed pipe's inlet end into the reactor's () interior,"}{'b': '30', "the reactor's interior () is supplied with free ...

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Номер записи: 11
12-01-2017 дата публикации

SYSTEM FOR GASIFICATION OF SOLID WASTE AND METHOD OF OPERATION

Номер: US20170009160A1
Автор: Fronk Matthew H., Reich Courtney E.
Принадлежит:

A system and method of producing syngas is provided. The system includes a low tar gasification generator that receives at least a first and second feedstock stream, such as a solid waste stream. The first and second feedstock streams are mixed and gasified to produce a first gas stream. An operating parameter is measured and a ratio of the first and second feedstock streams is changed in response to the measurement. 1. A system for converting solid waste material to a syngas comprising:a feedstock module configured to receive at least a first feedstock stream and a second feedstock stream, the second feedstock stream being different than the first feedstock stream, the feedstock module being further configured to mix the first feedstock stream and the second feedstock stream at a first ratio to produce a first refuse derived feedstock;an input module having a low tar gasification generator configured to produce a first gas stream in response to receiving the refuse derived feedstock, the first gas stream including hydrogen;a process module fluidly coupled to receive the first gas stream, the process module including at least one clean-up process module configured to remove at least one contaminant from the first gas stream and produce a second gas stream containing hydrogen;a first sensor arranged to measure a first operating parameter; anda control system coupled for communication to the feedstock module and the sensor, the control system having a processor responsive to executable computer instructions for changing the ratio of the first mixture of the first feedstock stream to the second feedstock stream to a second ratio in response to receiving the first parameter.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first operating parameter is a temperature of the syngas entering the process module.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the second feedstock stream has a higher energy content than the first feedstock stream.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the temperature is ...

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Номер записи: 12
12-01-2017 дата публикации

REGENERATOR FOR SYNGAS CLEANUP AND ENERGY RECOVERY IN GASIFIER SYSTEMS

Номер: US20170009162A1
Автор: Batdorf James A., Bromberg Leslie, Cohn Daniel R., Lamar David A., Surma Jeffrey E.
Принадлежит: INENTEC INC.

A rotating heat regenerator is used to recover heat from the syngas at it exits the reactor vessel of a waste or biomass gasifier. In some embodiments, three or more streams are passed through the heat exchanger. One stream is the dirty syngas, which heats the rotating material. A second stream is a cold stream that is heated as it passes through the material. A third stream is a cleaning stream, which serves to remove particulates that are collected on the rotating material as the dirty syngas passes through it. This apparatus can also be used as an auto-heat exchanger, or it can exchange heat between separate flows in the gasifier process. The apparatus can also be used to reduce the heating requirement for the thermal residence chamber (TRC) used downstream from the gasification system 1. A sealing element for a movable device , said movable device being adjacent to a surface , the sealing element comprising:an expandable bladder, having a deflated state wherein a space exists between said movable device and said surface and an inflated state wherein said bladder contacts said movable device and said surface; anda first port through which a gas or fluid is passed to create said deflated and inflated states.2. The sealing element of claim 1 , further comprising a second port such that said gas or fluid enters through said first port and exits through said second port claim 1 , so as to maintain the temperature of said sealing element.3. The sealing element of claim 1 , wherein said bladder comprises steel.4. The sealing element of claim 1 , wherein said bladder comprises refractory metal.5. The sealing element of claim 1 , wherein said movable device is a rotating energy exchanger.6. The sealing element of claim 1 , wherein said movable device comprises a circular cross-section claim 1 , and said bladder surrounds a circumference of said circular cross-section of the moveable device.7. The sealing element of claim 1 , wherein the first port is located on an outer ...

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Номер записи: 13
14-01-2016 дата публикации

Fluidized bed system and method for operating fluidized bed furnace

Номер: US20160010007A1
Автор: Hiroshi FUNAGOSHI
Принадлежит: IHI Corp

A fluidized bed system includes a first nozzle group that is provided inside a fluidized bed furnace, a second nozzle group that is provided inside the fluidized bed furnace, a first supply section that supplies a gas into the fluidized bed furnace through the first nozzle group, a second supply section that supplies the gas into the fluidized bed furnace through both the first and second nozzle groups, and a control section that controls the second supply section during a start-up operation to supply the gas into the fluidized bed furnace to form a fluidized bed of a fluid medium inside the fluidized bed furnace, and stops the supply of the gas by the second supply section and controls the first supply section during a normal operation to supply the gas into the fluidized bed furnace to form the fluidized bed of the fluid medium inside the fluidized bed furnace.

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Номер записи: 14
21-01-2016 дата публикации

COAXIAL GASIFIER FOR ENHANCED HYDROGEN PRODUCTION

Номер: US20160017244A1
Автор: CHEIKY MICHAEL
Принадлежит: V-GRID ENERGY SYSTEMS

Embodiments of the invention are directed toward a coaxial gasifier for enhanced hydrogen production, comprising: downdraft gasifier comprising a hot zone for converting biomass to synthesis gas; and a coaxial gas converter disposed within the downdraft gasifier, the coaxial gas converter comprising a biochar inlet valve, a coaxial char tube, and a biochar and ash outlet valve.

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Номер записи: 15
16-01-2020 дата публикации

System for generating power from a syngas fermentation process

Номер: US20200017784A1
Автор: Graeme Parker, Kim OCFEMIA, Peter S. Bell, Stephen John Benstead
Принадлежит: Jupeng Bio Inc

A system and process is provided for generating power from a syngas fermentation process. The process includes contacting hot syngas having a temperature above about 1400° F. with cooled syngas to produce a pre-cooled syngas having a temperature of 1400° F. or less at an inlet of a waste heat boiler. A waste heat boiler receives the pre-cooled syngas and is effective for producing waste heat boiler high pressure steam and a cooled syngas.

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Номер записи: 16
19-01-2017 дата публикации

COMPACT GASIFIER-GENSET ARCHITECTURE

Номер: US20170018996A1
Автор: Bindbeutel Nick, Fisk-Vittori Ariel, Hasty Julia, Kaufmann Bear, Mason James Matthew
Принадлежит: All Power Labs, Inc.

A compact biomass gasification-based power generation system that converts carbonaceous material into electrical power, including an enclosure that encases: a gasifier including a pyrolysis module coaxially arranged above a reactor module, a generator including an engine and an alternator, and a hopper. The generator system additionally includes a first heat exchanger fluidly connected to an outlet of the reactor module and thermally connected to the drying module, a second heat exchanger fluidly connected to an outlet of the engine and thermally connected to the pyrolysis module, and a third heat exchanger fluidly connected between the outlet of the reactor module and the first heat exchanger, the third heat exchanger thermally connected to an air inlet of the reactor module. The system can additionally include a central wiring conduit electrically connected to the pyrolysis module, reactor module, and engine, and a control panel connected to the conduit that enables single-side operation. 1. A gasification based power generation system that converts carbonaceous material into electrical power , comprising:an open-air hopper;an airlock connected to an outlet of the hopper;a drying module connected to the airlock, the airlock configured to form a substantially fluid impermeable seal with the drying module;a gasifier comprising: a pyrolysis module and a reactor module, the pyrolysis module connected to the drying module and to the reactor module;an engine; and a first heat exchanger fluidly connected to an outlet of the reactor module and thermally connected to the drying module;', 'a second heat exchanger fluidly connected to an outlet of the engine and thermally connected to the pyrolysis module; and', 'a third heat exchanger fluidly connected between the outlet of the reactor module and the first heat exchanger, the third heat exchanger thermally connected to an air inlet of the reactor module., 'a heat exchange module comprising2. The system of claim 1 , wherein ...

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Номер записи: 17
25-01-2018 дата публикации

Combined Hydrothermal Liquefaction and Catalytic Hydrothermal Gasification System and Process for Conversion of Biomass Feedstocks

Номер: US20180023003A1
Автор: Elliott Douglas C., Hart Todd R., Neuenschwander Gary G.
Принадлежит: BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE

A combined hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) and catalytic hydrothermal gasification (CHG) system and process are described that convert various biomass-containing sources into separable bio-oils and aqueous effluents that contain residual organics. Bio-oils may be converted to useful bio-based fuels and other chemical feedstocks. Residual organics in HTL aqueous effluents may be gasified and converted into medium-BTU product gases and directly used for process heating or to provide energy. 119-. (canceled)20. A continuous biomass conversion process , comprising the steps of:providing a biomass conversion product comprising a bio oil fraction and an aqueous fraction, wherein each fraction is separable from the other fraction;without the aid of gravitational separation, continuously separating the bio oil fraction from the aqueous fraction; andconverting at least a portion of the aqueous fraction to a product gas containing a fuel gas.21. The process of claim 20 , wherein prior to continuously separating the bio oil fraction from the aqueous fraction claim 20 , further comprising removing solids from the biomass conversion product.22. The process of claim 20 , further comprising combusting the product gas to generate power.23. The process of claim 20 , wherein the product gas comprises one or more of methane claim 20 , hydrocarbons with a carbon number greater than that of methane claim 20 , and carbon dioxide claim 20 , wherein the product gas optionally comprises less than 5% hydrogen by weight.24. A continuous biomass conversion process claim 20 , comprising the steps of:providing a biomass conversion product comprising a bio oil fraction and an aqueous fraction, wherein each fraction is separable from the other fraction;using centrifugal force, continuously separating the bio oil fraction from the aqueous fraction; andconverting at least a portion of the aqueous fraction to a product gas containing a fuel gas.25. The process of claim 24 , wherein the separation is ...

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Номер записи: 18
29-01-2015 дата публикации

WASTE HEAT RECOVERY APPARATUS AND WASTE HEAT RECOVERY METHOD

Номер: US20150027053A1
Автор: Huang Ting-Wei, LIN Meng-Chang, Lin Yu-Li
Принадлежит:

Provided is a waste heat recovery apparatus including a first heat exchanger, a reformer and a reformer feed pre-heater sequentially disposed on or in the waste gas exhaust pipe from the upstream to the downstream thereof, wherein the waste gas temperature at the upstream of the waste gas exhaust pipe is higher than that at the downstream. In an embodiment, the reformer can be a hydrogen-generation reformer, and the generated hydrogen is introduced into the burning equipment for use. In such manner, the waste heat can be effectively utilized, and the carbon deposition issue inside the burning equipment can be fixed. A waste heat recovery method is also provided. 1. A waste heat recovery apparatus , comprising:a first heat exchanger, a reformer and a reformer feed pre-heater sequentially disposed from an upstream to a downstream of a waste gas exhaust pipe, wherein a waste gas temperature at the upstream of the waste gas exhaust pipe is higher than a waste gas temperature at the downstream,wherein an end of the reformer feed pre-heater is connected to a feeder for a reformer feed, and another end of the reformer feed pre-heater is connected to the reformer, andwherein the reformer is installed with a temperature controller to control a temperature inside the reformer.2. The waste heat recovery apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the waste gas temperature at the upstream of the waste gas exhaust pipe is about 200° C. to 400° C. claim 1 , and the waste gas temperature at the downstream of the waste gas exhaust pipe is about 100° C. to less than 200° C.3. The waste heat recovery apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the temperature inside the reformer is controlled at about 200° C. to 350° C.4. The waste heat recovery apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the reformer comprises a catalyst bed and a heat balance pipe.5. The waste heat recovery apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the reformer feed pre-heater is integrated in the reformer.6. The waste heat recovery apparatus of claim 1 , wherein ...

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Номер записи: 19
12-02-2015 дата публикации

REACTOR

Номер: US20150040565A1
Автор: TAN Lien Chiow
Принадлежит:

The present application provides a reactor for: converting feedstock material into gases; or disassociating or reforming a chemical compound; and/a a mixture to its constituent elements; and/to other chemical forms, and; finally a heating device. The reactor comprises a heating device for discharging an ionized gas into the reactor, a feedstock feeder for injecting the feedstock material into the reactor, and a shell forming a chamber that encloses a portion of the heating device and a portion of the feedstock feeder. The application also provides a method for converting hydrocarbon material into synthetic gases. The method comprises: providing the hydrocarbon material to a burner inserted into a reactor, a second step of supplying ionized gases into the reactor, and a third step of subjecting the burner to a flame of the ionized gases such that molecules of the hydrocarbon material are dissociated to forming synthetic gas.

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Номер записи: 20
23-02-2017 дата публикации

Solids circulation system and method for capture and conversion of reactive solids with fluidized bed temperature control

Номер: US20170051217A1
Автор: Dave G. Newport, Hamilton Sean Michael Whitney, Jonathan A. Zenz, Ravi Chandran
Принадлежит: ThermoChem Recovery International Inc

A solids circulation system receives a gas stream containing char or other reacting solids from a first reactor. The solids circulation system includes a cyclone configured to receive the gas stream from the first reactor, a dipleg from the cyclone to a second reactor, and a riser from the second reactor which merges with the gas stream received by the cyclone. The second reactor has a dense fluid bed and converts the received materials to gaseous products. A conveying fluid transports a portion of the bed media from the second reactor through the riser to mix with the gas stream prior to cyclone entry. The bed media helps manipulate the solids that is received by the cyclone to facilitate flow of solids down the dipleg into the second reactor. The second reactor provides additional residence time, mixing and gas-solid contact for efficient conversion of char or reacting solids.

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Номер записи: 21
10-03-2022 дата публикации

All-Steam Gasification with Solid Fuel Preparation System

Номер: US20220073828A1
Автор: Parkes John, Todd Douglas M.
Принадлежит: Wormser Energy Solutions, Inc.

A carbonaceous fuel gasification system includes a micronized char preparation system comprising a transport reactor with a pulverizer function that receives solid carbonaceous fuel, hydrogen, oxygen, and fluidizing steam that produces micronized char, steam, and volatiles. An indirect gasifier includes a pressure vessel reactor comprising a dense bed of solids. A draft tube can be inside or outside the pressure vessel. A combustor provides heat for the gasification reaction by combustion of hydrogen and air and that provides products of combustion that flow through the draft tube. A distributor plate receives the micronized char, steam, and devolatilized hydrocarbons from the output of the micronized char preparation system. The indirect gasifier mixes the micronized char with steam at a temperature that converts them to syngas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide. 1. A carbonaceous fuel gasification system comprising:a) a micronized char preparation system comprising a transport reactor with a pulverizer function that receives solid carbonaceous fuel, hydrogen, oxygen, and fluidizing steam to provide heat for devolatilization, the micronized char preparation system producing micronized char, steam, and volatiles at an output; and i) a draft tube in the pressure vessel;', 'ii) a dense bed of solids that surrounds the draft tube;', 'iii) a combustor positioned below the draft tube that provides heat for the gasification reaction by combustion of hydrogen and air and that provides products of combustion that flow through the draft tube and exit at a vent positioned in the pressure vessel; and', 'iv) a distributor plate that receives the micronized char, steam, and devolatilized hydrocarbons from the output of the micronized char preparation system,, 'b) an indirect gasifier, comprising a pressure vessel reactor comprisingwherein the indirect gasifier mixes the micronized char with steam at a temperature that converts them to syngas comprising hydrogen and carbon ...

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Номер записи: 22
01-03-2018 дата публикации

Method of producing product gas from multiple carbonaceous feedstock streams mixed with a reduced-pressure mixing gas

Номер: US20180057760A1
Автор: Brian Christopher ATTWOOD, Daniel A. Burciaga, Daniel Michael Leo, Dave G. Newport, Emily Jane SCHULTHEIS, Justin Kevin MILLER, Kaitlin Emily HARRINGTON, Kelly Ann KISHTON, Ravi Chandran, Shawn Robert Freitas
Принадлежит: ThermoChem Recovery International Inc

A feedstock delivery system transfers a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas generation system. The feedstock delivery system includes a splitter for splitting bulk carbonaceous material into a plurality of carbonaceous material streams. Each stream is processed using a weighing system for gauging the quantity of carbonaceous material, a densification system for forming plugs of carbonaceous material, a de-densification system for breaking up the plugs of carbonaceous material, and a gas and carbonaceous material mixing system for forming a carbonaceous material and gas mixture. A pressure of the mixing gas is reduced prior to mixing with the carbonaceous material, and the carbonaceous material to gas weight ratio is monitored. A transport assembly conveys the carbonaceous material and gas mixture to a first reactor where at least the carbonaceous material within the mixture is subject to thermochemical reactions to form the product gas.

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Номер записи: 23
02-03-2017 дата публикации

SOLIDS CIRCULATION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CAPTURE AND CONVERSION OF REACTIVE SOLIDS HAVING FLUIDIZED BED CONTAINING HOLLOW ENGINEERED PARTICLES

Номер: US20170058221A1
Автор: Chandran Ravi, Newport Dave G., Whitney Hamilton Sean Michael, ZENE Jonathan A.
Принадлежит:

A solids circulation system receives a gas stream containing char or other reacting solids from a first reactor. The solids circulation system includes a cyclone configured to receive the gas stream from the first reactor, a dipleg from the cyclone to a second reactor, and a riser from the second reactor which merges with the gas stream received by the cyclone. The second reactor has a dense fluid bed and converts the received materials to gaseous products. A conveying fluid transports a portion of the bed media from the second reactor through the riser to mix with the gas stream prior to cyclone entry. The bed media helps manipulate the solids that is received by the cyclone to facilitate flow of solids down the dipleg into the second reactor. The second reactor provides additional residence time, mixing and gas-solid contact for efficient conversion of char or reacting solids. 1. A system for processing a carbonaceous feedstock to create a final product gas stream containing both carbon monoxide and hydrogen , comprising:{'b': 500', '600', '602', '600, '(a) a first reactor () having a fluidized bed and configured to receive a feedstock and steam, and output a syngas stream () via a first conduit (), the syngas stream () comprising syngas, char, condensable organic compounds and aromatic hydrocarbons;'}{'b': 612', '602', '612', '600', '610, '(b) a second conduit () connected to the first conduit (), the second conduit () configured to receive a portion of said syngas stream () as a first-stage product gas stream ();'}{'b': 100', '600', '910, '(c) a second reactor () having a fluidized bed and configured to receive char from the syngas stream () and an oxygen containing gas, the second reactor configured to operate under conditions sufficient to convert the char into a second-stage product gas stream () containing at least carbon monoxide; wherein{'b': 612', '910', '610', '950, 'the second reactor and the second conduit () are connected such that the second-stage ...

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Номер записи: 24
12-03-2015 дата публикации

STEAM REFORMING OF HYDROCARBONACEOUS FUELS OVER A NI-ALUMINA SPINEL CATALYST

Номер: US20150069300A1
Автор: Abatzoglou Nicolas, Blanchard Jasmin, Fauteux-Lefebvre Clémence, Gitzhofer François
Принадлежит: UTI Limited Partnership, By Its General Partner, University Technologies International Inc. (UTI)

A process for steam reforming of a hydrocarbonaceous fuel includes the steps of: providing a reactant mixture comprising HO and the hydrocarbonaceous fuel; and contacting the reactant mixture with a AlO-yttria-stabilized ZrO(YSZ)-supported NiAlOspinel catalyst under conditions wherein the reactant gas mixture is at least partially steam reformed into a product gas mixture including Hand CO. The synthesis gas (Hand CO) produced can be used as feed material for fuel cells. The catalyst includes a NiAlOspinel-based catalytically active material; and a support material comprising: AlOand ZrO. The AlO-YSZ-supported NiAlOcatalyst can be used in steam reforming of a liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel. 1. A process for steam reforming of a hydrocarbonaceous fuel , comprising the steps of:{'sub': '2', 'providing a reactant mixture comprising HO and the hydrocarbonaceous fuel; and'}{'sub': 2', '3', '2', '2', '4', '2', '2', '3', '2', '4, 'contacting the reactant mixture with a AlO-yttria-stabilized ZrO(YSZ)-supported NiAlOspinel catalyst under conditions wherein the reactant gas mixture is at least partially steam reformed into a product gas mixture including Hand CO, and the AlO—YSZ-supported NiAlOspinel catalyst is substantially free of metallic nickel and nickel oxide.'}2. A process according to claim 1 , wherein:{'sub': 2', '3', '2', '4, 'the reactant mixture is in gaseous state when contacted with the AlO—YSZ-supported NiAlOspinel catalyst;'}the hydrocarbonaceous fuel in liquid state at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure;the hydrocarbonaceous fuel is selected from the group consisting of: at least one hydrocarbon, at least one oxygen-containing fuel, at least one biofuel, at least one fossil fuel, at least one synthetic fuel and a mixture thereof;the hydrocarbonaceous fuel is selected from the group consisting of: gasoline, diesel, biodiesel, commercial fossil-derived diesel, synthetic diesel, jet fuel, methanol, ethanol, bloethanol, methane, alcohol, and mixture ...

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Номер записи: 25
29-05-2014 дата публикации

Methods of Converting Fuel

Номер: US20140144082A1
Автор: Fanxing Li, Liang-Shih Fan, Luis Gilberto Velazquez Vargas, Puneet Gupta
Принадлежит: Ohio State University

A method for converting fuel may include reducing at least one metal oxide in a first reactor with a fuel to produce a reduced metal or a reduced metal oxide, transporting the reduced metal or reduced metal oxide from the first reactor to a second reactor, oxidizing at least a portion of the reduced metal or reduced metal oxide from the first reactor in the second reactor to produce a metal oxide intermediate, transporting the metal oxide intermediate from the second reactor to a third reactor, removing ash, char, or unwanted materials with a separation unit from the metal oxide intermediate transported from the second reactor to the third reactor, regenerating the at least one metal oxide, and transporting the regenerated metal oxide from the third reactor to the first reactor.

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Номер записи: 26
10-03-2016 дата публикации

APPARATUSES, SYSTEMS, COOLING AUGERS, AND METHODS FOR COOLING BIOCHAR

Номер: US20160068771A1
Автор: APPEL PHILIP W., LOVE SARAH E., WEIR THOMAS D.
Принадлежит:

Apparatuses, systems, char cooling augers, and methods for cooling biochar are described. An example system may include a char cooling auger coupled to a gasifier. The char cooling auger including a receiving hopper and an outer tube. The receiving hopper configured to receive and hold biochar from the gasifier. The receiving hopper configured to feed the biochar to a screw conveyor. The screw conveyor configured to rotate to transport the biochar from a first end of the outer tube to an outlet port near a second end of the outer tube. A temperature of the outer tube is less than a temperature of the biochar such that the biochar is cooled as transported through the outer tube prior to collection of the biochar. 1. A system , comprising:a char cooling auger coupled to a gasifier, the char cooling auger comprising a receiving hopper and an outer tube, the receiving hopper configured to receive and hold biochar from the gasifier, the receiving hopper configured to feed the biochar to a screw conveyor extending through the outer tube, the screw conveyor configured to transport the biochar from a first end of the outer tube to an outlet port near a second end of the outer tube, wherein a temperature of the outer tube is less than a temperature of the biochar such that the biochar is cooled as it is transported through the outer tube prior to collection of the biochar in a collection hopper.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the char cooling auger is coupled to the gasifier via a cyclone configured to separate syngas from the biochar.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the char cooling auger further comprises a rotation mechanism configured to rotate the screw conveyor to transport the biochar the outlet port.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the rotation mechanism comprises a motor .5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the motor is directly connected to the screw conveyor via a drive belt or a drive chain.6. The system of claim 3 , further comprising a control system ...

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Номер записи: 27
27-02-2020 дата публикации

PYROLYSIS GASIFICATION SYSTEM

Номер: US20200063050A1
Автор: JEON CHI JUNG, KIM SUNG CHUN, SONG JUN IL
Принадлежит:

Provided is a pyrolysis gasification system including a hopper, a loading chamber, a gas generating furnace, an ash discharge unit, and an oxygen supply unit, wherein the loading chamber is provided at an upper end thereof with a first sealing gate to seal the loading chamber, and the gas generating furnace is provided at an upper portion thereof with a second sealing gate to seal the gas generating furnace, such that when the raw material is fed into the gas generating furnace, external air is prevented from entering the gas generating furnace and combustion gas in the gas generating furnace is prevented from being discharged to an outside, whereby oxygen is supplied into the gas generating furnace to increase the content and concentration of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in combustion gas generated during pyrolysis, and thus it is possible to increase the production of syngas. 1. A pyrolysis gasification system comprising:a hopper configured such that raw material is fed thereinto;a loading chamber configured such that the raw material fed into the hopper is temporarily stored therein;a gas generating furnace configured such that the raw material stored in the loading chamber is fed thereinto, and pyrolyzed and incinerated;an ash discharge unit configured to discharge ash completely pyrolyzed in the gas generating furnace; andan oxygen supply unit configured to supply oxygen into the gas generating furnace,wherein the loading chamber is provided at an upper end thereof with a first sealing gate to seal the loading chamber, and the gas generating furnace is provided at an upper portion thereof with a second sealing gate to seal the gas generating furnace, such that when the raw material is fed into the gas generating furnace, external air is prevented from entering the gas generating furnace and combustion gas in the gas generating furnace is prevented from being discharged to an outside.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first sealing gate includes:a first door ...

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Номер записи: 28
27-02-2020 дата публикации

ROTATING AND MOVABLE BED GASIFIER PRODUCING HIGH CARBON CHAR

Номер: US20200063052A1
Автор: JR. LA VOY M., THIESSEN, THIESSEN RANDALL J.
Принадлежит:

The present invention includes a gasifier for gasifying fuels having a container with a top, sidewalls and a bottom for facilitating the gasifying process. One or more open vertical shafts extend downward inside the container for allowing a downdraft or updraft of air and fuel for the gasifying process. A rotating bed is preferably included inside the container and below the one or more shafts for receiving the fuel. The bed rotates essentially perpendicular to the shaft to facilitate even heating and gasifying of the fuel. The bed is further movable relative to the vertical shaft in order to increase or decrease the volume of fuel flow to the fuel. 1. A gasifier for gasifying fuels comprising:a container having an inside and an outside;a generally vertical open fire tube extending into the inside of the container and including one or more fingers extending from a lower portion of the fire tube;a rotating fuel bed located within the inside of the container and spaced from the one or more fingers of the fire tube wherein the distance between the bed and the fingers of the fire tube is greater than zero;an adjustable mechanism for elevating and lowering the fire tube, the mechanism elevating or lowering the fire tube relative to the bed to adjust the distance between the one or more fingers of the fire tube and the bed; anda motor and a drive shaft connecting the motor to the bed for rotating the bed.2. The gasifier of whereby the adjustable mechanism comprises a screw and threaded opening.3. The gasifier of whereby the adjustable mechanism comprises a fluid pressure activated piston.4. The gasifier of whereby the adjustable mechanism is automated.5. The gasifier of further comprising a gas monitoring system for detecting levels of CO claim 4 , H claim 4 , and O.6. The gasifier of whereby the automated adjustable mechanism responds to changes detected by the gas monitoring system.7. The gasifier of wherein the bed has sidewalls extending upwardly.8. A gasifier for ...

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Номер записи: 29
12-03-2015 дата публикации

SYSTEMS FOR PYROLYSIS VAPOR UPGRADING

Номер: US20150071836A1
Автор: Gorke Johnathan T., Lotero Edgar
Принадлежит: Phillips 66 Company

This disclosure relates to systems for the fast pyrolysis of organic matter. More specifically, it relates to systems for the catalytic modification of vapors created during the fast pyrolysis of organic matter to create transportation fuel or a transportation fuel component. The inventive systems either catalytically stabilize or convert at least a first portion of pyrolysis vapors, then combine them with a portion of raw, unconverted bio-derived pyrolysis vapors at a temperature and pressure sufficient for molecules of the combined vapors to react and produce hydrocarbons of increased molecular weight that are suitable for use as a hydrocarbon transportation fuel or component thereof. 1. A system for producing biomass-derived hydrocarbon fuel or a component thereof , comprising:(a) A first and second portion of pyrolysis vapors; a. at least one inlet for receiving the first portion of pyrolysis vapors, and', 'b. at least one catalyst contained inside the reactor for contacting and at least partly upgrading the first portion of pyrolysis vapors to produce an upgraded first portion,', 'c. at least one outlet for conveying the upgraded first portion out of the reactor;, '(b) A reactor having(c) a reaction zone located downstream from the reactor for receiving and combining the upgraded first portion with the second portion of pyrolysis vapors at a temperature and pressure sufficient for molecules of the combined upgraded first portion and the second portion of pyrolysis vapors to react and produce hydrocarbon molecules having molecular weights that are within the boiling range of at least one of gasoline, diesel and gasoil fuels and that are suitable for use as a hydrocarbon transportation fuel or component thereof.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one catalyst comprises multiple catalysts that may be arranged in separate catalyst beds or as mixtures of catalyst.3. The system of claim 1 , comprising one or more additional portions of pyrolysis vapors ...

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Номер записи: 30
07-03-2019 дата публикации

Combined Hydrothermal Liquefaction and Catalytic Hydrothermal Gasification System and Process for Conversion of Biomass Feedstocks

Номер: US20190071606A1
Автор: Elliott Douglas C., Hart Todd R., Neuenschwander Gary G.
Принадлежит: BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE

A combined hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) and catalytic hydrothermal gasification (CHG) system and process are described that convert various biomass-containing sources into separable bio-oils and aqueous effluents that contain residual organics. Bio-oils may be converted to useful bio-based fuels and other chemical feedstocks. Residual organics in HTL aqueous effluents may be gasified and converted into medium-BTU product gases and directly used for process heating or to provide energy. 115-. (canceled)16: A system for conversion of a biomass , the system comprising:a hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) stage that hydrothermally liquefies the biomass in an aqueous medium at a temperature and pressure selected to form a conversion product comprising a separable bio-oil and an aqueous fraction containing residual organics therein; anda catalytic hydrothermal gasification (CHG) stage operatively coupled to the HTL stage configured to receive the aqueous fraction containing residual organics from the HTL stage at a selected temperature and pressure that forms a product gas containing at least one medium BTU product gas.17: The system of claim 16 , further including an upgrade stage configured to upgrade the bio-oil released from the HTL stage over a hydrogenation catalyst at a temperature up to about 450° C. and a hydrogen partial pressure up to about 150 atmospheres (1.52×104 kPa) that yields a green crude.18: The system of claim 16 , wherein the product gas when combusted generates sufficient energy such that the sum of the energy demands for conversion of the biomass feedstock to the product gas is a net positive.19: The system of claim 16 , further including one or more heat exchangers positioned to distribute heat to selected locations in the HTL stage and/or the CHG stage. This application claims priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/657,416 filed 8 Jun. 2012 entitled “Combined Hydrothermal Liquefaction and Catalytic Hydrothermal Gasification for ...

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Номер записи: 31
07-03-2019 дата публикации

Furnace monitoring device and gasification unit provided with same

Номер: US20190072331A1
Автор: Junichiro Yamamoto, Takahiro Kubota, Tsutomu Kawamizu
Принадлежит: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd

A furnace monitoring device for monitoring the inside of a gasifier through which a combustible gas flows is provided with: a nozzle that has an internal cavity, and that is inserted inside the gasifier and fixed to the gasifier; a cylindrical protection tube which is inserted into the nozzle, and a part of which, located on the inside of the gasifier is, blocked; a monitoring window which is provided on the protection tube on the inside of the gasifier, and is made of a material that transmits light; a purge mechanism which supplies a gas containing an oxidizer to a surface of the monitoring window facing the inside of the gasifier; and an image capturing means which captures an image of the inside of the gasifier through the monitoring window.

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Номер записи: 32
19-03-2015 дата публикации

Method and Device for Using Oxygen in the Steam Reforming of Biomass

Номер: US20150079525A1
Автор: Karl-Heinz Tetzlaff
Принадлежит: Individual

A device is presented and described for the use of oxygen for the thermochemical gasification of biomass in at least one fluidised bed reactor, a heater being arranged in the fluidised bed of the fluidised bed reactor and the fluidised bed reactor being heatable by at least partial oxidation of a combustible gas with oxygen.

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Номер записи: 33
26-03-2015 дата публикации

Integrated biorefinery for production of liquid fuels

Номер: US20150086432A1
Автор: Harold A. Wright, Joshua B. PEARSON, Randy BLEVINS
Принадлежит: Res USA LLC

A system including a mixing apparatus configured to produce a reformer feedstock and comprising one or more cylindrical vessel having a conical bottom section, an inlet for superheated steam within the conical bottom section and an inlet for at least one carbonaceous material at or near the top of the cylindrical vessel, wherein the one or more cylindrical vessel is a pressure vessel configured for operation at a pressure in the range of from about 5 psig (34.5 kPa) to about 50 psig (344.7 kPa); a reformer configured to produce, from the reformer feedstock, a reformer product comprising synthesis gas, and also producing a hot flue gas; a synthesis gas conversion apparatus configured to catalytically convert at least a portion of the synthesis gas in the reformer product into synthesis gas conversion product, and to separate, from the synthesis gas conversion product, a spent catalyst stream and a tailgas.

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Номер записи: 34
25-03-2021 дата публикации

Pipe member, gasification combined power generation device, and pipe member assembly method

Номер: US20210087482A1
Автор: Fumihiro Chuman, Masashi Kitada
Принадлежит: Mitsubishi Power Ltd

In order to allow for thermal elongation of a liner, a pipe member, in the interior of which flows a fluid containing solids, is provided with: a tubular outer pipe; a single tubular liner provided inside the outer pipe with a gap therebetween in the radial direction, or a plurality thereof arranged serially in the direction of the pipe axis C; a refractory material filled in between the outer pipe and the liner; a first liner holding member that is provided on an end portion side of the outer pipe, and that holds the liner arranged on the end portion side in a restrained state in the pipe axis C direction and the circumferential direction around the pipe axis C; and a second liner holding member that is provided on an end portion side of the outer pipe, and that holds the liner arranged on the end portion side.

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Номер записи: 35
29-03-2018 дата публикации

Small scale production of methoxy compounds

Номер: US20180086683A1
Автор: Richard Sapienza
Принадлежит: Individual

A method includes receiving a base raw material at a system. The base raw material is converted to synthesis gas. The synthesis gas is conditioned to remove moisture and carbon dioxide. One or more methoxy compounds are produced from methanol when the methanol is produced from the conditioned synthesis gas at operational temperatures below 205° C.

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Номер записи: 36
23-04-2015 дата публикации

LIQUID FUEL FOR ISOLATING WASTE MATERIAL AND STORING ENERGY

Номер: US20150110691A1
Автор: McAlister Roy Edward
Принадлежит:

Techniques, systems, apparatus, and materials are disclosed for generating multi-purpose liquid fuel for isolating contaminants and storing energy. In one aspect, a method of producing a liquid fuel includes forming a gaseous fuel (e.g., by dissociating biomass waste using waste heat recovered from an external heat source). Carbon dioxide emitted from an industrial process can be harvested and reacted with the gaseous fuel to generate the liquid fuel. A hazardous contaminant can be dissolved in the liquid fuel, with the liquid fuel operating as a solvent or continuous phase for a solution or colloid that isolates the hazardous contaminant from the environment. The hazardous contaminant can include at least one of a carbon donor and a hydrogen donor. 1. A system , comprising:a first reactor configured to react a gaseous fuel with a gaseous first waste material to form a liquid fuel;a mixer configured to mix the liquid fuel with a second waste material to form a solution or colloid; anda second reactor configured to react the solution or colloid to form a second gaseous fuel.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first reactor and the mixer are at a first location claim 1 , the second reactor is at a second location claim 1 , and the first location is between about 1 km and about 500 km from the second location.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the mixer includes an adsorbent configured to adsorb the second waste material from a gaseous second waste material precursor and desorb the second waste material into the liquid fuel.4. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a third reactor configured to react biomass to form the gaseous fuel to be reacted with the gaseous first waste material.5. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a separator configured to separate a second waste material precursor into the second waste material and a reject material.6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the separator includes an adsorbent configured to adsorb the reject material. ...

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Номер записи: 37
20-04-2017 дата публикации

PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR REACTING ORGANIC MATERIALS TO GIVE HYDROGEN GAS

Номер: US20170107435A1
Автор: Jeney Peter
Принадлежит:

A device for reacting an organic starting material to yield a gas that includes hydrogen has a feed device, a tubular furnace with an entry zone, an interior space, an axis of rotation and an exit side, and a water feed arranged by the feed device or entry zone and controllable as a function of the content of hydrogen in the gas mixture. The feed device feeds the starting material in the region of the entry zone into the interior space of the tubular furnace, from which a solid material and a gas mixture is discharged. The tubular furnace has a compensator for different thermal expansions of a first zone and a second zone. A gas-conducting system includes a gas monitor for the content of hydrogen in the gas mixture. 2. The apparatus according to wherein the compensator is arranged in a transition area between the first zone and the second zone.3. The apparatus according to and further comprising a stationary bearing claim 1 , wherein the compensator is connected to the tubular furnace and designed to slide in relation to the stationary bearing claim 1 , wherein in the event of thermally-induced expansion the compensator is configured to be displaced relative to the bearing.4. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the tubular furnace is supported in a sliding manner in the region of the entry zone and/or the exit zone in order to permit thermally-induced expansion of the tubular furnace in the direction of the axis of rotation.5. The apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising in the area of the water feed an actuator is arranged and configured to regulate the water feed by way of a control variable which is provided by the gas monitor.6. The apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising in the region of the first zone of the tubular furnace a preheating system that is configured to bring the starting material in the region of the first zone up to a temperature of between 300 degrees Celsius and 900 degrees Celsius.7. The apparatus according to ...

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Номер записи: 38
07-05-2015 дата публикации

Process and system for converting waste to energy without burning

Номер: US20150122243A1
Автор: Terry R. Galloway
Принадлежит: INTELLERGY Inc

This invention relates to a power recovery process in waste steam/CO 2 reformers whereby a waste stream can be made to release energy without having to burn the waste or the syngas. This invention does not make use of fuel cells as its critical component but makes use of highly exothermic chemical reactors using syngas to produce large amounts of heat, such as Fischer-Tropsch. It also relates to control or elimination of the emissions of greenhouse gases in the power recovery process of this invention with the goal of producing energy in the future carbonless world economy. A New Concept for a duplex kiln was developed that has the combined functionality of steam/CO 2 reforming, heat transfer, solids removal, filtration, and heat recovery. New methods of carbon-sequestering where the syngas produced by steam/CO 2 reforming can be used in Fischer-Tropsch processes that make high-carbon content compounds while recycling the methane and lighter hydrocarbons back to the reformer to further produce syngas at a higher H 2 /CO ratio.

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Номер записи: 39
07-05-2015 дата публикации

INTEGRATION OF SYNGAS GENERATION TECHNOLOGY WITH FISCHER-TROPSCH PRODUCTION VIA CATALYTIC GAS CONVERSION

Номер: US20150126627A1
Автор: APANEL George, JIANG Weibin, MOHEDAS SERGIO, WRIGHT Harold A.
Принадлежит:

A system for the production of synthetic fuel, the system including a catalytic dual fluidized bed (DFB) configured to produce, from a DFB feedgas, a DFB product containing synthesis gas; and a Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis apparatus fluidly connected with the catalytic DFB, wherein the FT synthesis apparatus includes an FT synthesis reactor configured to produce, from an FT feedgas, an FT overhead and a liquid FT product containing FT wax, wherein the FT feedgas contains at least a portion of the DFB product; and a product separator downstream of and fluidly connected with the FT synthesis reactor, wherein the product separator is configured to separate, from the FT overhead, an FT tailgas and an LFTL product containing LFTL. A method of producing synthetic fuel is also provided. 1. A system for the production of synthetic fuel , the system comprising:a catalytic dual fluidized bed (DFB) configured to produce, from a DFB feedgas, a DFB product comprising synthesis gas; and an FT synthesis reactor configured to produce, from an FT feedgas, an FT overhead and a liquid FT product comprising FT wax, wherein the FT feedgas comprises at least a portion of the DFB product; and', 'a product separator downstream of and fluidly connected with the FT synthesis reactor, wherein the product separator is configured to separate, from the FT overhead, an FT tailgas and an LFTL product comprising LFTL., 'a Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis apparatus fluidly connected with the catalytic DFB, wherein the FT synthesis apparatus comprises2. The system of further comprising a fluid connection between the product separator and the catalytic DFB claim 1 , whereby at least a portion of the FT tailgas can be introduced into the catalytic DFB.3. The system of further comprising one or more apparatus selected from the group consisting of:gasification apparatus configured to produce synthesis gas from a gasifier feed;compressors upstream of the FT synthesis reactor and configured to compress at ...

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Номер записи: 40
04-05-2017 дата публикации

Process to upgrade partially converted vacuum residua

Номер: US20170121614A1
Автор: Mario C. Baldassari, Marvin I. Greene, Ujjal K. Mukherjee
Принадлежит: Lummus Technology Inc

Processes for upgrading partially converted vacuum residua hydrocarbon feeds are disclosed. The upgrading processes may include: steam stripping the partially converted vacuum residua to generate a first distillate and a first residuum; solvent deasphalting the first residuum stream to generate a deasphalted oil and an asphaltenes fraction; vacuum fractionating the deasphalted oil to recover a deasphalted gas oil distillate and a heavy deasphalted residuum; contacting the first distillate and the deasphalted gas oil distillate and hydrogen in the presence of a first hydroconversion catalyst to produce a product; contacting the heavy deasphalted residuum stream and hydrogen in the presence of a second hydroconversion catalyst to produce an effluent; and fractionating the effluent to recover a hydrocracked atmospheric residua and a hydrocracked atmospheric distillate

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Номер записи: 41
12-05-2016 дата публикации

PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR DUPLEX ROTARY REFORMER

Номер: US20160130513A1
Автор: Galloway Terry R.
Принадлежит: INTELLERGY, INC.

Methods apparatus for producing fuel and power from the reformation of organic waste. Various embodiments include the use of steam to produce syngas in a Fischer-Tropsch reaction, followed by conversion of that syngas product to hydrogen. Some embodiments include the use of a heated auger both to heat the organic waste and further to cool the syngas. 1. A method for calcination of organic material , comprising:providing a kiln having two opposing ends with a waste entrance and a syngas exit at one end and a steam reformer at the other end, and including an internal helical spiral flight rotatable relative to the kiln;conveying a feedstock of organic material from the entrance toward the steam reformer by rotation of the kiln relative to the spiral flight;heating the conveyed organic material by the steam reformer to form hot syngas; andheating the spiral flight by flowing the hot syngas from the other end toward the syngas exit.2. The method of which further comprises inertially separating particulates entrained within the heated organic material by the relative rotation.3. The method of wherein the steam reformer is electrically heated.4. The method of which further comprises grinding inorganic material within the feedstock and removing the ground material from a second exit of the kiln.5. The method of which further comprises preventing the inflow of air into the kiln through the second exit.6. The method of wherein said conveying is by rotating the spiral flight and holding fixed the one end and the other end.7. The method of wherein the spiral flight and a portion of the kiln combine to create an internal gas passage claim 1 , and said heating the spiral flight is by flowing the hot syngas within the internal gas passage.8. An apparatus for calcination of organic material claim 1 , comprising:a kiln including first and second stationary ends and a rotating midsection between the two ends, the first end including an entrance for organic material and an exit for ...

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Номер записи: 42
21-05-2015 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR GASIFICATION AND COOLING SYNGAS

Номер: US20150137040A1
Автор: Pan Edward Chen, Price Ronnie Ranee
Принадлежит: GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY

A system includes an integrated gasification vessel including an enclosure including a first section and a second section that may enclose a gasifier, one or more injectors circumferentially disposed within the gasifier. The one or more injectors may supply the gasifier with a fuel. The system also includes a syngas cooler disposed within an annulus of the gasification vessel. The syngas cooler includes a shell that may flow a coolant and the syngas cooler includes a plurality of tubes surrounding the gasifier and that may flow a syngas from the gasifier. The system further includes a reinforcement system configured to reinforce at least a portion of the enclosure and the gasifier. The reinforcement system may include one or more reinforcement beams disposed within the annulus and that may couple the enclosure and the gasifier. 1. A system , comprising:an integrated gasification vessel, comprising:an enclosure comprising a first section and a second section configured to enclose a gasifier;one or more injectors circumferentially disposed within the gasifier, wherein the one or more injectors are configured to supply the gasifier with a fuel;a syngas cooler disposed within an annulus of the integrated gasification vessel, wherein the syngas cooler comprises a shell configured to flow a coolant, and the syngas cooler comprises a plurality of tubes surrounding the gasifier and configured to flow a syngas from the gasifier; anda reinforcement system configured to reinforce at least a portion of the enclosure and the gasifier, wherein the reinforcement system comprises one or more reinforcement beams disposed within the annulus and configured to couple the enclosure and the gasifier.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first section and the second section each comprise a flange configured to couple the first section with the second section.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the one or more injectors are positioned generally orthogonal to a flow direction of the syngas ...

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Номер записи: 43
21-05-2015 дата публикации

Waste Processing

Номер: US20150137042A1
Автор: Chalabi Rifat Al, Perry Ophneil Henry
Принадлежит:

This invention provides a system and method for pyrolysing and/or gasifying material such as organically coated waste and organic materials including biomass, industrial waste, municipal solid waste and sludge. In a first mode of operation the method/system heats the material in a processing chamber () by passing hot gas therethrough. This pyrolyses and/or gasifies the organic content it to produce syngas and, invariably, soot. In a second mode of operation the method/system increases the oxygen content of the hot gas such that the oxygen within the hot gas reacts with the heated soot to form carbon monoxide. 129-. (canceled)30. A batch processing method of pyrolysing and/or gasifying material such as organically coated waste and organic materials including biomass , industrial waste , municipal solid water and sludge , the method comprising:in a first mode of operation heating the material in a processing chamber, by recirculating hot gas therethrough, to pyrolyse and/or gasify it to produce syngas and soot and a residual material; andin a second mode of operation increasing the oxygen content of the recirculating hot gas such that the oxygen reacts with the soot to form carbon monoxide; and in the second mode of operation:monitoring one or more of the calorific value of the gas, the hydrogen content of the gas, and the carbon monoxide content of the gas; and if one or more of the calorific value, the hydrogen content, and the carbon monoxide content of the gas is very low or substantially zero ending the process; and/or ormonitoring the temperature of the gas and if the temperature of the gas remains substantially constant, ending the process.31. The batch processing method as claimed in wherein the second mode of operation is carried out in the same processing chamber as the first mode of operation.32. The batch processing method as claimed in comprising maintaining the residual material in the processing chamber during the second mode of operation.33. The batch ...

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Номер записи: 44
11-05-2017 дата публикации

A GASIFIER

Номер: US20170130149A1
Автор: Parkinson David John
Принадлежит: DPS Bristol (Holdings) Limited

A gasifier may include a chamber wall defining a gasification chamber configured to allow gasification of feedstock material. The gasifier may also include an ash grate disposed in the gasification chamber. The gasifier may further include a rotary crusher disposed in the gasification chamber above the ash grate. The rotary crusher may include at least one crushing element. The rotary crusher may be configured to break apart, between the at least one crushing element and an opposing surface, the feedstock material responsive to rotation of the rotary crusher. 133-. (canceled)34. A gasifier comprising:a chamber wall defining a gasification chamber configured to allow gasification of feedstock material;an ash grate disposed in said gasification chamber; anda rotary crusher disposed in said gasification chamber above said ash grate, wherein said rotary crusher includes at least one crushing element, andwherein said rotary crusher is configured to break apart, between said at least one crushing element and an opposing surface, said feedstock material responsive to rotation of said rotary crusher.35. The gasifier of claim 34 , wherein said rotary crusher comprises a crusher base configured to support said at least one crushing element claim 34 , and wherein said crusher base is dome-shaped.36. The gasifier of claim 34 , wherein said ash grate is fixed in said gasification chamber.37. The gasifier of claim 34 , wherein said opposing surface is a surface of a portion of said chamber wall.38. The gasifier of claim 34 , wherein said chamber wall defines a cavity claim 34 , and further comprising:an element disposed at least partially within said cavity, andwherein said opposing surface is a surface of said element.39. The gasifier of claim 38 , wherein said element is replaceable.40. The gasifier of claim 38 , wherein said element is composed of a different material than said chamber wall.41. The gasifier of claim 38 , wherein said element is composed of firebrick.42. The ...

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Номер записи: 45
03-06-2021 дата публикации

Thermochemical system and method

Номер: US20210164656A1
Автор: del Campo Bernardo
Принадлежит:

A thermochemical system & method may be configured to convert an organic feedstock to various products. A thermochemical system may include a solid material feed module, a reactor module, an afterburner module, and a solid product finishing module. The various operational parameters (temperature, pressure, etc.) of the various modules may vary depending on the desired products. The product streams may be gaseous, vaporous, liquid, and/or solid. 1. A thermochemical system comprising:a. an organic material feed module comprising a feed module conveying member providing motive force to move an organic feedstock from said solid material feed module; i. a reactor vessel positioned within a vessel shroud, wherein a reactor conveying member is positioned within said reactor vessel;', 'ii. a ventilation/combustion chamber defined as a space between said reactor vessel and said vessel shroud;', 'iii. a first horizontal section defining a first zone within said reactor vessel;, 'b. a reactor module comprisingc. a chimney engaged with said reactor module, wherein said chimney is in fluid communication with a portion of said ventilation/combustion chamber; i. a solid product conveying member;', 'ii. a solid product outlet; and,, 'd. a solid product finishing module comprisinge. an external heat source positioned adjacent said solid material feed module.2. A thermochemical method comprising the steps of:a. providing an organic material to an organic material feed module of a thermochemical system, said solid material feed module comprising a feed module conveying member providing motive force to move said organic feedstock from said solid material feed module;b. providing a first portion of thermal energy to said organic material via an external heat source, wherein said external heat source is positioned adjacent said solid material feed module; i. a reactor vessel positioned within a vessel shroud, wherein a reactor conveying member is positioned within said reactor vessel, ...

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Номер записи: 46
28-05-2015 дата публикации

Device for preparing the fuel gas used for power generation and a method for preparation of fuel gas

Номер: US20150143749A1
Автор: Kong Lingzeng
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure provides methods and devices for preparing the fuel gas used. A device may include a furnace body, a tower type synchronous roller extruding machine with a circular ladder groove mold that is mounted at the upper end of the furnace body. The tower type synchronous roller extruding machine is provided with a bucket, the bucket is in airtight connection with the furnace body, and a first transmission shaft is mounted in the bucket. At least two tower type synchronous rollers are mounted on the first transmission shaft, and the tower type synchronous rollers are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first transmission shaft. 1. A device for preparing fuel gas used , comprising:a furnace body;a tower type synchronous roller extruding machine with a circular ladder groove mold, wherein the tower type synchronous roller extruding machine is mounted at a upper end of the furnace body and is provided with a bucket, the bucket is in airtight connection with the furnace body;a first transmission shaft that is mounted in the bucket, wherein at least two tower type synchronous rollers are mounted on the first transmission shaft, and the tower type synchronous rollers are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first transmission shaft;a circular ladder groove mold mounted in the bucket at a lower part of the tower type synchronous roller;an annular groove provided at the circular ladder groove mold;a die hole provided in the annular groove;a through hole provided in a middle part of the circular ladder groove mold, wherein a upper end of the bucket is set as a feed inlet, a lower end of the bucket is used as an opening located in a gas producer furnace;a grate installed at the lower part of a gas producer furnace body, wherein the grate is connected with a second transmission shaft;a slagging pipe mounted one side at a bottom end of furnace body;an air inlet hole provided in the second transmission shaft, wherein the air inlet hole is ...

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Номер записи: 47
28-05-2015 дата публикации

Steel-frame building, plant, and method for assembling steel-frame building

Номер: US20150143769A1
Автор: Naoshige Yoshida
Принадлежит: Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems Ltd

A steel-frame building, which is installed permanently next to a stand-alone heavy structure and which can reduce a construction cost, a plant including the steel-frame building, and a method for assembling a steel-frame building are provided. The steel-frame building is installed permanently next to a stand-alone heavy structure, and includes a gantry frame which is used for pulling the whole of the stand-alone heavy structure to stand up. The gantry frame may be used for carrying in other devices to be housed in the steel-frame building.

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Номер записи: 48
26-05-2016 дата публикации

PROCESS TO UPGRADE PARTIALLY CONVERTED VACUUM RESIDUA

Номер: US20160145509A1
Автор: Baldassari Mario C., Greene Marvin I., Mukherjee Ujjal K.
Принадлежит:

Processes for upgrading partially converted vacuum residua hydrocarbon feeds are disclosed. The upgrading processes may include: steam stripping the partially converted vacuum residua to generate a first distillate and a first residuum; solvent deasphalting the first residuum stream to generate a deasphalted oil and an asphaltenes fraction; vacuum fractionating the deasphalted oil to recover a deasphalted gas oil distillate and a heavy deasphalted residuum; contacting the first distillate and the deasphalted gas oil distillate and hydrogen in the presence of a first hydroconversion catalyst to produce a product; contacting the heavy deasphalted residuum stream and hydrogen in the presence of a second hydroconversion catalyst to produce an effluent; and fractionating the effluent to recover a hydrocracked atmospheric residua and a hydrocracked atmospheric distillate 1. A process for upgrading a partially converted vacuum residua , comprising:stripping the partially converted vacuum residua utilizing a non-reactive stripping medium to generate a first distillate and a first residuum;solvent deasphalting the first residuum to generate a deasphalted oil and an asphaltenes fraction;vacuum fractionating the deasphalted oil to recover a deasphalted gas oil distillate and a heavy deasphalted residuum;contacting the first distillate and the deasphalted gas oil distillate and hydrogen in the presence of a first hydroprocessing catalyst to produce a first hydroprocessing effluent;contacting the heavy deasphalted residuum and hydrogen in the presence of a second hydroconversion catalyst to produce a second hydroprocessing effluent; andfractionating the second hydroprocessing effluent to recover a hydrocracked atmospheric residua and a hydrocracked atmospheric distillate.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the partially converted vacuum residua comprises an effluent from an upstream conversion process.3. The process of claim 1 , further comprising solvent deasphalting the ...

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Номер записи: 49
04-06-2015 дата публикации

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING SYNTHESIS GAS

Номер: US20150151963A1
Автор: Lang Martin
Принадлежит: LINDE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

The invention relates to a process and an apparatus for producing synthesis gas () by steam reforming, in which nitrogen is separated off from a starting material () containing hydrocarbons and nitrogen in order to produce a low-nitrogen feed () for a burner-fired steam reformer (D), with formation of a hydrocarbon-containing residual gas () which subsequently serves as fuel (). 15. A process for producing synthesis gas () by steam reforming comprising:{'b': 1', '4', '2', '6, 'separating off nitrogen from a starting material () containing hydrocarbons and nitrogen in order to produce a low-nitrogen feed () for a burner-fired steam reformer (D), and a hydrocarbon-containing residual gas () which subsequently serves as fuel (),'}{'b': '2', 'wherein the nitrogen is separated off adsorptively (N) from the starting material and at least part of the hydrocarbon-containing residual gas () is used as fuel for firing the steam reformer (D).'}22. The process according to claim 1 , wherein a part of the residual gas () not required for firing the steam reformer (D) is exported as fuel.31113105. The process according to claim 1 , wherein carbon monoxide () and/or hydrogen () and/or oxo gas () is obtained as gas product from the synthesis gas () produced in steam reformer (D).41113105. The process according to claim 2 , wherein carbon monoxide () and/or hydrogen () and/or oxo gas () is obtained as gas product from the synthesis gas () produced in steam reformer (D).51. The process according to claim 1 , wherein natural gas containing nitrogen and hydrocarbons is used as starting material ().65. An apparatus for producing synthesis gas () comprising:{'b': 4', '1, 'a burner-fired steam reformer (D) and a facility (T) for producing a low-nitrogen feed () for the steam reformer (D) from a starting material () containing hydrocarbons and nitrogen,'}{'b': 6', '2', '6, 'wherein said facility (T) is connected via a line () to a burner (B) of said steam reformer (D) in such a way that a ...

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Номер записи: 50
15-09-2022 дата публикации

A GASIFICATION APPARATUS AND METHOD

Номер: US20220290063A1
Автор: McNamara Edward
Принадлежит: AGS ENERGY (IRELAND) LIMITED

A gasification apparatus has a primary chamber with a floor comprising a hearth and feedstock augers, for gasification of feedstock. There is a mixing chamber for receiving through an opening synthetic gases from the primary chamber and comprising an air inlet fan for adding oxygen for ignition. There is also a secondary chamber linked with the mixing chamber to deliver heat from combustion of gases from the mixing chamber to the hearth. An outlet valve delivers gases from the secondary chamber through a heat exchanger and to an induce draft fan. A controller dynamically controls flow of gases in the chambers according to sensed pressures and temperatures in said chambers. 142.-. (canceled)43. A gasification apparatus comprising:a primary chamber with a floor comprising a hearth and feedstock augers, for gasification of feedstock,a mixing chamber for receiving, through an opening, synthetic gases from the primary chamber, and comprising an air inlet fan for adding oxygen for ignition,a secondary chamber linked with the mixing chamber to deliver heat from combustion of gases from the mixing chamber to the hearth, said hearth forming a roof of the secondary chamber, and the secondary chamber including baffles for flow under the hearth,an outlet valve for delivery of gases from the secondary chamber,a fan downstream of the secondary chamber, anda controller configured to dynamically control flow of gases in the chambers according to sensed pressures and temperatures in said chambers, said controlled flow including flow through the secondary chamber around said baffles to optimise combustion in an after-burner phase, and said control including controlling flow rate caused by the downstream fan.44. The gasification apparatus as claimed in claim 43 , wherein the controller is configured to cause said after-burner phase for passage through the secondary chamber to have a duration of at least 3 seconds.45. The gasification apparatus as claimed in claim 43 , wherein the fan ...

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Номер записи: 51
07-05-2020 дата публикации

PRODUCTION OF RENEWABLE FUELS AND ENERGY BY STEAM/CO2 REFORMING OF WASTES

Номер: US20200140762A1
Автор: Galloway Terry R.
Принадлежит: Raven SR LLC

This invention relates to a power recovery process in waste steam/COreformers in which a waste stream can be made to release energy without having to burn the waste or the syngas. This invention in some embodiments does not make use of fuel cells as a component but makes use of exothermic chemical reactors using syngas to produce heat, such as Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. It also relates to control or elimination of the emissions of greenhouse gases in the power recovery process of this invention with the goal of producing energy in the future carbonless world economy. 1. A method of reforming of organic waste material , comprising:producing a first stream of synthesized hydrocarbon gas;providing to a waste reforming conversion system a supply of organic waste;mixing the organic waste with a first portion of the first stream;reforming the mixture of the first stream and the waste with steam and carbon dioxide and producing a second stream of synthesized hydrocarbon gas and heat; andusing a second portion from the second stream for said producing a first stream.2. The method of wherein said reforming does not include burning the waste or the portion of the first stream.3. The method of wherein said reforming is without the use of a catalyst.4. The method of which further comprises using the heat from said reforming to drive a heat engine and generator to produce electricity.5. The method of wherein said producing a first stream is with a hydrocarbon synthesis reactor.6. The method of wherein the hydrocarbon synthesis reactor further produces a carbon-containing liquid or solid product.7. The method of wherein the carbon-containing liquid or solid product is paraffin.8. The method of wherein the organic waste includes carbon and wherein substantially all of the carbon in the organic waste is sequestered in the carbon-containing liquid or solid product.9. The method of wherein said reforming is at a temperature not greater than one thousand eight hundred degrees F.10. ...

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Номер записи: 52
07-05-2020 дата публикации

GASIFICATION CO-GENERATION PROCESS OF COAL POWDER IN A Y-TYPE ENTRAINED FLOW BED

Номер: US20200140769A1
Автор: Jiang Yuan, Qiao Yingyun, Tian Yuanyu, Xie Kechang, Zhang Jinhong, Zong Peijie
Принадлежит: CHINA UNIVERSITY OF PETROLEUM (EAST CHINA)

A gasification co-generation process of coal powder in a Y-type entrained flow bed, comprising: spraying coal water slurry or coal powder, gasification agent and water vapor into a gasification furnace through a top nozzle and a plurality of side nozzles for performing combustion and gasification with a residence time of 10 s or more; chilling the resulting slag with water, and subjecting the chilled slag to a dry method slagging to obtain gasification slag used as cement clinker; discharging the produced crude syngas carrying fine ash from the Y-type entrained flow bed to perform ash-slag separation. 1. A gasification co-generation process of coal powder in a Y-type entrained flow bed , comprising the following steps:(1) mixing coal with lime powder to obtain coal powder, or mixing the coal, lime powder and water to obtain coal water slurry; in the coal water slurry or coal powder, the weight ratio of calcium to aluminum is 2-4:1, the weight ratio of calcium to silicon is 1-4:1, and the weight ratio of calcium to iron is 1-3:1;(2) introducing the coal water slurry or coal powder, gasification agent and water vapor into a gasification furnace of a Y-type entrained flow bed, and performing combustion and gasification at a temperature range of 1,300-2,000° C., so as to produce a crude syngas and slag at a temperature range of 1300-2000° C.;wherein the coal water slurry or coal powder, gasification agent and water vapor are sprayed into the gasification furnace through a top nozzle and a plurality of side nozzles of the gasification furnace, and collide, ignite and turbulently mix with each other at the combustion chamber center of the gasification furnace, to form a rotational strike and high temperature reaction zone; the residence time of a residual ash generated by the combustion and gasification in the rotational strike and high temperature reaction zone is 10 s or more;the residual ash is thrown toward the furnace wall of the gasification furnace and swirled ...

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Номер записи: 53
17-06-2021 дата публикации

Biomass Upgrading System

Номер: US20210180787A1
Автор: Anton Larsson, Christer Gustavsson, David Pallarès, Henrik STRÖM, Henrik Thunman, Lars Stigsson, Martin Seemann
Принадлежит: Bioshare AB

Aspects provide for volatilizing a biomass-based fuel stream, removing undesirable components from the resulting volatiles stream, and combusting the resulting stream (e.g., in a kiln). Removal of particles, ash, and/or H2O from the volatiles stream improves its economic value and enhances the substitution of legacy (e.g., fossil) fuels with biomass-based fuels. Aspects may be particularly advantageous for upgrading otherwise low-quality biomass to a fuel specification sufficient for industrial implementation. A volatilization reactor may include a fluidized bed reactor, which may comprise multiple stages and/or a splashgenerator. A splashgenerator may impart directed momentum to a portion of the bed to increase bed transport via directed flow.

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Номер записи: 54
23-05-2019 дата публикации

AN APPARATUS AND A METHOD FOR SOLID FUEL GASIFICATION WITH TAR SELF-REMOVED WITHIN THE GASIFIER

Номер: US20190153342A1
Автор: LI Aimin
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for solid fuel gasification with tar self-removed within the gasifier, and the apparatus consists essentially of a feeder, a gasifier, a slag extractor, a cyclone separator for gasification gas fly ash or fly ash filter separator, a condenser, a condensate evaporator, a preheating device for gasification medium and a gas holder. Feed the solid fuel into the gasifier through the double sealed feeding valves from the feeding inlet, the solid fuel within the gasifier generates gasification gas, ash and slag after reaction of drying, pyrolysis, gasification and combustion. The present invention provides an apparatus and a method for solid fuel gasification with tar self-removed within the gasifier, which can not only accomplish effective removal of tar and zero discharge of coking wastewater, but also optimize gas quality during the process, improve energy efficiency and reduce operating cost. 1. An apparatus for solid fuel gasification with tar self-removed within the gasifier is characterized in that the apparatus consists essentially of a feeder , a gasifier , a cyclone separator for gasification gas fly ash or fly ash filter separator , a condenser , a condensate evaporator , a preheating device for gasification medium , a slag extractor and a gas holder;The feeder consists of a feeding inlet, double sealed feeding valves and a screw feeder; The outlet of the feeding inlet connects with the inlet of the double sealed feeding valves, and at the outlet of the double sealed feeding valves there is a screw feeder which connects to the top of the furnace;The gasifier consists of a pyrolysis and drying zone, screw dropping devices including an first screw dropping device and a second screw dropping device, a gasification and combustion zone, an ash and slag zone; From top to bottom within the gasifier are in order the pyrolysis and drying zone, the gasification and combustion zone and the ash and slag zone; ...

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Номер записи: 55
18-06-2015 дата публикации

Two-Train, Three-Train and Four-Train Catalytic Gasification Systems

Номер: US20150166910A1
Автор: Dodson Dwain, Lau Francis S., Robinson Earl T.
Принадлежит:

Systems to convert a carbonaceous feedstock into a plurality of gaseous products are described. The systems include, among other units, two, three or four separate gasification reactors for the gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock in the presence of an alkali metal catalyst into the plurality of gaseous products including at least methane. Each of the gasification reactors may be supplied with the feedstock from a single or separate catalyst loading and/or feedstock preparation unit operations. Similarly, the hot gas streams from each gasification reactor may be purified via their combination at a heat exchanger, acid gas removal, or methane removal unit operations. Product purification may comprise trace contaminant removal units, ammonia removal and recovery units, and sour shift units. 1. A gasification system to generate a plurality of gases from a catalyzed carbonaceous feedstock , and a methane product stream from the plurality of gases , the system comprising: (A1) a reaction chamber in which a catalyzed carbonaceous feedstock and steam are converted to (i) a plurality of gaseous products comprising methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and unreacted steam, (ii) unreacted carbonaceous fines and (iii) a solid char product comprising entrained catalyst;', '(A2) a feed inlet to supply the catalyzed carbonaceous feedstock into the reaction chamber;', '(A3) a steam inlet to supply steam into the reaction chamber;', '(A4) a hot gas outlet to exhaust a hot first gas stream out of the reaction chamber, the hot first gas stream comprising the plurality of gaseous products;', '(A5) a char outlet to withdraw the solid char product from the reaction chamber; and', '(A6) a fines remover unit to remove at least a substantial portion of the unreacted carbonaceous fines that may be entrained in the hot first gas stream;, '(a) a first and a second gasifying reactor unit, wherein each gasifying reactor unit independently comprises(b) a single ...

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Номер записи: 56
16-06-2016 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR GASIFICATION

Номер: US20160168493A1
Автор: Stevenson John Saunders
Принадлежит:

A system includes a gasifier configured to gasify a feed to generate syngas. The gasifier comprises a first axis. The system also includes a first gasification reaction zone disposed in the gasifier. The first gasification reaction zone is defined at least partially by a first wall substantially perpendicular to the first axis. The system also includes a first feed injector coupled to the gasifier. The first feed injector is configured to inject the feed into the first gasification reaction zone beneath the first wall in a first direction relative to the first axis. 1. A system , comprising:a gasifier configured to gasify a feed to generate syngas, wherein the gasifier comprises a first axis;a first gasification reaction zone disposed in the gasifier, wherein the first gasification reaction zone is defined at least partially by a first wall substantially perpendicular to the first axis; anda first feed injector coupled to the gasifier, wherein the first feed injector is configured to inject the feed into the first gasification reaction zone beneath the first wall in a first direction relative to the first axis.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first wall is concave and is configured to direct the syngas in the first direction.3. The system of claim 1 , comprising a reaction zone outlet disposed in a second wall disposed opposite from the first wall claim 1 , wherein the reaction zone outlet is configured to direct the syngas in the first direction substantially parallel to the first axis.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the gasifier comprises a gasifier outlet configured to convey the syngas from the gasifier in a second direction substantially opposite from the first direction substantially parallel to the first axis.5. The system of claim 1 , comprising a second feed injector coupled to the gasifier claim 1 , wherein the second feed injector is disposed substantially opposite from the first feed injector.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first wall ...

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Номер записи: 57
14-06-2018 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PRODUCING SYNGAS FROM A SOLID CARBON-CONTAINING SUBSTANCE USING A REACTOR HAVING HOLLOW ENGINEERED PARTICLES

Номер: US20180163148A1
Автор: Chandran Ravi, Newport Dave G., Whitney Hamilton Sean Michael, Zenz Jonathan A.
Принадлежит: Thermochem Recovery International, Inc.

A solids circulation system receives a gas stream containing char or other reacting solids from a first reactor. The solids circulation system includes a cyclone configured to receive the gas stream from the first reactor, a dipleg from the cyclone to a second reactor, and a riser from the second reactor which merges with the gas stream received by the cyclone. The second reactor has a dense fluid bed and converts the received materials to gaseous products. A conveying fluid transports a portion of the bed media from the second reactor through the riser to mix with the gas stream prior to cyclone entry. The bed media helps manipulate the solids that is received by the cyclone to facilitate flow of solids down the dipleg into the second reactor. The second reactor provides additional residence time, mixing and gas-solid contact for efficient conversion of char or reacting solids. 1100. A reactor () for producing carbon monoxide , carbon dioxide , and hydrogen from a solid carbon-containing substance , comprising:(a) a fluidized bed comprising bed material in the form of hollow engineered particles selected from the group consisting of alumina, zirconia, sand, olivine sand, limestone, dolomite and metal catalyst;{'b': '160', '(b) a freeboard () located above a bed level of the fluidized bed;'}{'b': 700', '160', '100', '700, '(c) a cyclone () positioned within the freeboard () of the reactor (), the cyclone () configured to capture and recycle entrained bed material and char particles to the fluidized bed;'}{'b': 160', '160, 'sub': 2', '2, '(d) a plurality of fluid addition stages located in the freeboard (), the plurality of fluid addition stages configured to introduce a mixture of oxygen and superheated steam to the freeboard () to promote conversion of char into CO, CO, and H;'}{'b': 140', '130, '(e) a distributor () configured to accept and distribute a fluidization media () comprising oxygen and superheated steam into the bed material of the fluidized bed;'}{'b': ...

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Номер записи: 58
29-09-2022 дата публикации

DIRECT COUPLED ATMOSPHERIC CARBON REDUCTION DEVICE WITH HYDROGEN UTILIZATION

Номер: US20220306466A1
Автор: Swenson Roger
Принадлежит:

Combining multiple subsystems involving biomass processing, biomass gasification of the processed biomass where a synthesis gas is produced then converted to hydrogen fuels or other transportation fuels for use in coupled transportation systems sized to consume all the transportation fuel produced. Carbon in the biomass is converted to COin the conversion process and a portion of that COis captured and sequestrated for long term storage. 1. A method of converting biomass into hydrogen , the steps of the method comprising: adding drying heat to a system configured to reduce moisture of unprocessed biomass to 17% or less by weight;', 'filtering out particulates from the unprocessed biomass which exceed a predetermined diameter threshold using one or more of: a screen, diverter gate, and disc screener;, 'creating processed biomass from unprocessed biomass having a moisture content of 30% to 45% by weight bydepositing processed biomass in storage; a portion of the processed biomass is converted to carbon dioxide that is captured and sequestered in a storage tank; and', 'hydrogen is produced, captured and directed into a transportation fuel use., 'submitting the processed biomass to a gasification process to create a syngas in which2. The method of converting biomass into hydrogen of claim 1 , wherein 95% of the processed biomass is between 2 mm and 80 mm in diameter.3. The method of converting biomass into hydrogen of claim 1 , further comprising moving the unprocessed biomass on a moving conveyor belt during the drying step.4. The method of converting biomass into hydrogen of claim 1 , further comprising subjecting the biomass during gasification to hydrogen a reaction step involving FE-CR-based catalysts.5. The method of converting biomass into hydrogen of claim 1 , further comprising using a plurality of fixed bed reactors processing syngas in two to five stages to gradually lower outlet temperatures of the processed biomass syngas.6. The method of converting biomass ...

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Номер записи: 59
25-06-2015 дата публикации

CO-CONVERSION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL AND BIOMASS

Номер: US20150175414A1
Автор: Babu Suresh P.
Принадлежит:

A method for producing a product includes providing a first feed including a biomass into a reactor, providing a second feed including a carbonaceous material into the reactor, and providing a third feed including carbon dioxide into the reactor. The first feed, the second feed, and the third feed react in the reactor with reaction conditions sufficient to: a) gasify the biomass, b) dry reform the carbonaceous materials with the carbon dioxide, and c) produce the product. A conversion system and a reactor are also provided. 1. A method for producing a product , the method comprising:providing a first feed into a reactor, the first feed comprising a biomass;providing a second feed into the reactor, the second feed comprising a carbonaceous material;providing a third feed into the reactor, the third feed comprising carbon dioxide; and a) gasify the biomass,', 'b) dry reform the carbonaceous materials with the carbon dioxide, and', 'c) produce the product., 'reacting the first feed, the second feed, and the third feed in the reactor with reaction conditions sufficient to2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reactor comprises a single fluidized bed comprising fluidizing solids in an amount to maintain a bubbling fluidized bed.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the fluidizing solids are doped with a catalyst.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the catalyst comprises a reformation catalytic material.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the reformation catalytic material is selected from the group consisting of NiO claim 4 , CoO claim 4 , TiO claim 4 , CeO claim 4 , mixed NiO-CoO claim 4 , (Ni claim 4 , CO)O/MgO claim 4 , AlO claim 4 , and combinations thereof.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biomass comprises a lignocellulosic biomass comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of wood waste claim 1 , bark claim 1 , straw claim 1 , wood chips claim 1 , rice husks claim 1 , corn stover claim 1 , wood pellets claim 1 , distillers grain claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 60
02-07-2015 дата публикации

Solids Circulation System and Method For Capture and Conversion of Reactive Solids

Номер: US20150184091A1
Автор: Dave G. Newport, Hamilton Sean Michael Whitney, Jonathan A. Zenz, Ravi Chandran
Принадлежит: ThermoChem Recovery International Inc

A solids circulation system receives a gas stream containing char or other reacting solids from a first reactor. The solids circulation system includes a cyclone configured to receive the gas stream from the first reactor, a dipleg from the cyclone to a second reactor, and a riser from the second reactor which merges with the gas stream received by the cyclone. The second reactor has a dense fluid bed and converts the received materials to gaseous products. A conveying fluid transports a portion of the bed media from the second reactor through the riser to mix with the gas stream prior to cyclone entry. The bed media helps manipulate the solids that is received by the cyclone to facilitate flow of solids down the dipleg into the second reactor. The second reactor provides additional residence time, mixing and gas-solid contact for efficient conversion of char or reacting solids.

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Номер записи: 61
08-07-2021 дата публикации

BIOMASS GASIFICATION DEVICE

Номер: US20210207045A1
Автор: Dowaki Naoki, Kameyama Mitsuo, Kamiuchi Hisashi
Принадлежит: Japan Blue Energy Co., Ltd.

The present invention provides a biomass gasification device that optimizes the pyrolysis temperature of biomass, the reforming temperature of pyrolysis gas, and the atmosphere thereof to generate a reformed gas containing a large amount of valuable gas. The present invention related to a biomass gasification device that is provided with a biomass pyrolyzer, a pyrolysis gas reformer, and a pyrolysis gas introduction pipe, wherein: the biomass pyrolyzer is further provided with a heat carrier inlet and outlet ports, and performs pyrolysis on the biomass by heat of the heat carrier; the pyrolysis gas reformer performs steam-reforming on pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis of biomass; the pyrolysis gas reformer is further provided with an air or oxygen blow-in port; and the pyrolysis gas introduction pipe is provided on the biomass pyrolyzer-side surface below the upper surface of the heat carrier layer formed in the biomass pyrolyzer. 1. A biomass gasification device , comprising:a biomass pyrolytic reactor comprising a biomass inlet and a non-oxidizing gas inlet and/or a steam inlet;a pyrolyzed gas reforming reactor comprising a steam inlet and a reformed gas outlet;a pyrolyzed gas introducing pipe for introducing a pyrolyzed gas generated in the biomass pyrolytic reactor into the pyrolyzed gas reforming reactor, the pyrolyzed gas introducing pipe being provided between the biomass pyrolytic reactor and the pyrolyzed gas reforming reactor, wherein:the biomass pyrolytic reactor further comprises an introduction port and a discharge port for a plurality of preheated granules and/or lumps, and performs pyrolysis of biomass by using heat of the plurality of granules and/or lumps; andthe pyrolyzed gas reforming reactor performs steam reforming of the pyrolyzed gas generated by the pyrolysis of the biomass,the biomass gasification device being characterized in that:the pyrolyzed gas reforming reactor further comprises an air or oxygen inlet, and performs the steam ...

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Номер записи: 62
30-06-2016 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PREPARING HYDROGEN-RICH GAS BY GASIFICATION OF SOLID ORGANIC SUBSTANCE AND STEAM

Номер: US20160186079A1
Автор: Chow Hiu Ying Connie, Siu Kam Shing, Wang Chao, Wang Guangyong, Xiao Yahui, Xu Bin, Xu Shaoping, Yalkunjan Tursun
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure provides a method for preparing hydrogen-rich gas by solid organics. For example, solid organic raw materials are heated in a pyrolysis reaction device to perform pyrolysis reaction, and gaseous product generated from the pyrolysis reaction performs gasification with steam in a moving bed gasification reaction device to generate hydrogen-rich product. The present disclosure also provides a system for preparing hydrogen-rich gas by solid organics, and the system may include a solid heat carrier grading-dedusting device; a pyrolysis reaction device; a moving bed gasification reaction device; and a riser and combustion reactor. The present disclosure may operate at atmospheric pressure, and the technology is simple and suitable for the gasification and co-gasification of various high-volatile solid organics, such as raw materials containing a relatively large amount of moisture, mineral substance, and sulfur content. 1. A method for preparing hydrogen-rich gas from solid organics , the method comprising:heating solid organic raw materials in a pyrolysis reaction device for pyrolytic formation of a gaseous product and steam; andperforming gasification of the gaseous product and steam in a moving bed gasification reaction device to generate hydrogen-rich gas, in which the gaseous product is generated from pyrolysis;wherein the pyrolysis reaction device is in parallel with the moving bed gasification reaction device, wherein, by passing through a solid heat carrier grading-dedusting device, the solid heat carrier is divided into two parts that are fed into the pyrolysis reaction device and moving bed gasification reaction device, respectively, wherein, when leaving the pyrolysis reaction device and moving bed gasification reaction device, the two parts of solid heat carrier are fed into a riser and combustion reactor to be heated and raised, and are then passed into the solid heat carrier grading-dedusting device to be further divided into two parts ...

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Номер записи: 63
09-07-2015 дата публикации

METHOD OF GASIFYING CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL AND A GASIFICATION SYSTEM

Номер: US20150191664A1
Автор: ASADUL-LAH Mohammad, Li Chun-Zhu, Wang Xiaoshan, Wu Hongwei
Принадлежит:

A method of gasifying carbonaceous material is described. The method comprises a first step of pyrolysing and partially gasifying the carbonaceous material to produce volatiles and char. The volatiles and the char are then separated and, subsequently, the char is gasified and the volatiles are reformed. The raw product gas is then finally cleaned with char or char-supported catalysts or other catalysts. 1. A method of gasifying a carbonaceous material , the method comprising the steps of:pyrolysing the carbonaceous material to produce volatiles and char;separating the char and the volatiles;gasifying the char;reforming the volatiles to produce a product gas; andpassing partially reformed volatiles and/or product gas through a product gas cleaning zone;wherein at least the steps of pyrolysing the carbonaceous material, gasifying the char, and reforming the volatiles to produce a product gas are performed in a vessel that has a pyrolysis zone, a char gasification zone, and a reforming zone, and that is directly coupled with the product gas cleaning zone.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the product gas cleaning zone comprises a catalyst bed.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the catalyst bed comprises a moving bed of solid catalyst.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the product gas cleaning zone comprises a plurality of catalyst beds arranged in series.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the catalyst bed comprises char claim 2 , a char-supported catalyst or ilmenite.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein claim 5 , when the catalyst bed comprises char or a char-supported catalyst claim 5 , the char or char-supported catalyst is prepared from the pyrolysis and/or partial gasification of the carbonaceous material.7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the method further comprises discharging spent char or char-supported catalyst from the catalyst bed and gasifying the spent char or char-supported catalyst.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of pyrolysing the carbonaceous ...

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Номер записи: 64
07-07-2016 дата публикации

Methods and system for decreasing gas emissions from landfills

Номер: US20160194262A1
Автор: Denny Li, Jim Wilson, Ravi Ravikumar
Принадлежит: Fluor Technologies Corp

A method of diverting municipal solid waste (MSW) from a landfill that includes receiving, at a MSW processing system, a quantity of MSW, gasifying the quantity of MSW in a gasification unit to yield a syngas stream and biochar stream, converting at least a portion of the syngas to mixed alcohols in an alcohol synthesis unit, separating the mixed alcohols into one or more alcohol products, and determining a carbon offset for diverting the MSW from the landfill to the MSW processing system.

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Номер записи: 65
07-07-2016 дата публикации

QUENCH CHAMBER WITH INTEGRATED SCRUBBER SYSTEM

Номер: US20160194570A1
Автор: Bhattacharya Paromita, Patra Ajoy, SRIPADA Rajeshwar, VIJ ATUL
Принадлежит:

The present application provides a gasifier for creating a flow of a syngas. The gasifier may include a reaction chamber and a quench chamber. The quench chamber may include a number of integrated scrubber trays therein such that the syngas first enters a quench pool via a dip tube and then passes through the scrubber trays before leaving the quench chamber. 1. A gasifier for creating a flow of a syngas , comprising:a reaction chamber; anda quench chamber;the quench chamber comprising a plurality of integrated scrubber trays therein.2. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the quench chamber comprises a quench ring therein.3. The gasifier of claim 2 , wherein the quench chamber comprises a dip tube extending from the quench ring.4. The gasifier of claim 3 , wherein the quench chamber comprises a flow of water extending from the quench ring and down the dip tube.5. The gasifier of claim 4 , wherein the flow of water comprises an outer film and an inner film along the dip tube.6. The gasifier of claim 4 , wherein the flow of water is in a counter flow arrangement with a flow of cooled syngas.7. The gasifier of claim 3 , wherein the quench chamber comprises a quench pool downstream of the dip tube.8. The gasifier of claim 3 , wherein the plurality of scrubber trays are positioned about the dip tube.9. The gasifier of claim 3 , wherein the dip tube comprises a downward path for a flow of hot syngas.10. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the quench chamber comprises a syngas outlet.11. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of scrubber trays comprises a plurality of perforations therein.12. The gasifier of claim 11 , wherein the plurality of scrubber trays comprises a plurality of protrusions positioned about the plurality of perforations.13. The gasifier of claim 12 , wherein the plurality of protrusions comprises a sharp claim 12 , pin-like shape.14. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of scrubber trays comprises an upward path for a flow of cooled ...

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Номер записи: 66
21-07-2016 дата публикации

COAXIAL GASIFIER FOR ENHANCED HYDROGEN PRODUCTION

Номер: US20160208182A1
Автор: CHEIKY MICHAEL
Принадлежит: V-GRID ENERGY SYSTEMS

Embodiments of the invention are directed toward a coaxial gasifier for enhanced hydrogen production, comprising: downdraft gasifier comprising a hot zone for converting biomass to synthesis gas; and a coaxial gas converter disposed within the downdraft gasifier, the coaxial gas converter comprising a biochar inlet valve, a coaxial char tube, and a biochar and ash outlet valve. 1. A coaxial gas converter for a downdraft gasifier , the coaxial gas converter comprising:a char tube coaxially located from the top to the bottom of the gasifier;a biochar inlet valve for metering biochar into the char tube; anda biochar and ash outlet valve.2. The coaxial gas converter of claim 1 , wherein the downdraft gasifier comprises a plurality of air inlet jets to create a hot zone in a reduction bell area of the gasifier.3. The coaxial gas converter of claim 1 , wherein the downdraft gasifier comprises multiple levels of air inlet jets claim 1 , each level containing one or more air inlet jets claim 1 , thereby increasing heat transfer to the coaxial gas converter and forming an extended hot zone.4. The coaxial gas converter of claim 1 , wherein the char tube is substantially circular in cross-section.5. The coaxial gas converter of claim 1 , wherein the char tube is substantially star-shaped in cross-section.6. The coaxial gas converter of claim 1 , wherein the char tube is substantially cross-shaped in cross-section.7. The coaxial gas converter of claim 1 , wherein during operation of the downdraft gasifier claim 1 , the char tube is filled with highly reduced biochar carbon that is produced by a main chamber of the gasifier claim 1 , other gasifier claim 1 , or other char making device.8. The coaxial gas converter of claim 1 , wherein the biochar inlet valve comprises a remotely controlled ball valve.9. The coaxial gas converter of claim 1 , wherein biochar that enters the char tube builds a standing column of char in the char tube claim 1 , which extends above air inlet nozzles ...

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Номер записи: 67
27-06-2019 дата публикации

Cooling screen with variable tube diameter for high gasifier power

Номер: US20190194560A1
Автор: André HERKLOTZ, Frank Hannemann, Heidrun Toth, Norbert Fischer, Tino Just
Принадлежит: SIEMENS AG

A liquid-cooled cooling screen for an entrained-flow gasifier for gasification of fuels in dust or liquid form using a gasifier agent containing free oxygen, at pressures between atmospheric pressure and 8 MPa and gasification temperatures between 1200 and 1900° C. The liquid-cooled cooling screen of which the cooling pipes in the central cylindrical section have thinner walls than the cooling pipes in the lower and upper conical sections. A cooling screen design has sufficient strength under high pressure difference over the cooling screen wall, a pipe wall thickness which ensures reliable operation of the cooling screen and high heat throughput, and pressure equalization between the cooling screen gap and the reaction chamber under all operating circumstances.

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Номер записи: 68
19-07-2018 дата публикации

PROCESS REACTING ORGANIC MATERIALS TO GIVE HYDROGEN GAS

Номер: US20180201850A1
Автор: Jeney Peter
Принадлежит:

A method of recovering a hydrogen-enriched gas at least 70 percent by volume hydrogen includes introducing into the feed device to a rotary furnace defining a tubular interior space, starting materials containing carbon or hydrocarbons. A mass of water being added to the starting material is regulated according to the content of hydrogen in the gas mixture leaving the rotary furnace. The tubular interior space of the rotary furnace is expanded axially to accommodate thermally expanding the starting material and water in the interior space of the rotary furnace. 1. A method of recovering a hydrogen-enriched gas from starting materials containing carbon or hydrocarbons , the method comprising the following steps:introducing into the feed device to a rotary furnace, which defines an interior space that is tubular about an axis of rotation and defines an entry zone at one end of the tubular interior space and further defines an exit side disposed downstream along the axis of rotation from the entry zone, starting materials containing carbon or hydrocarbons,conducting the starting material from the feed device into the entry zone of the tubular space of the rotary furnace;adding a mass of water to the starting material before the starting material is conducted away from the entry zone;thermally expanding the starting material and water in the interior space of the rotary furnace;discharging a gas mixture from the exit side of the rotary furnace into a gas-conducting system at the exit side of the rotary furnace;using a gas monitor disposed in the gas-conducting system to monitor the content of hydrogen in the gas mixture;regulating the mass of water being added to the starting material according to the content of hydrogen in the gas mixture in the gas-conducting system of the rotary furnace; andcollecting from the gas-conducting system a gas mixture containing at least 70 percent by volume hydrogen.2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of ...

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Номер записи: 69
06-08-2015 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING LIQUID TRANSPORTATION FUELS

Номер: US20150217266A1
Автор: Sherwood Steve
Принадлежит:

Disclosed in the application include systems and processes for producing a liquid transportation fuel product using a carbon-containing feedstock. 1. A system for converting a carbon-containing feedstock into a liquid transportation fuel product , the system comprising{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2', '2, 'an air-blown producer gas reactor operable to convert the carbon-containing feedstock into a producer gas comprising H, CO, CO, and N, with substoichiometeric amounts of Hand CO (less than 2:1 molar ratio of Hto CO);'} wherein the F-T reactor is fluidly coupled to a source of feed gas and operable to convert at least a portion of the feed gas into a FTS product, wherein the FTS product comprises the liquid transportation fuel product and a first residue, and', 'wherein the cracker is fluidly coupled to the F-T reactor and operable to catalytically crack at least a portion of the first residue to produce an additional amount of the liquid transportation fuel product and a second residue; and, 'a processing unit, wherein the processing unit comprises a Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) reactor, and a cracker,'}a product upgrading unit, wherein the product upgrading unit is operable to produce an additional amount of the liquid transportation fuel product from a product gas.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the carbon-containing feedstock comprises at least one feedstock selected from the group consisting of a ligno-cellulosic biomass solid claim 1 , a biomass derived oil claim 1 , a biomass derived gas claim 1 , and a fossil-fuel derived carbonaceous feedstock.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the F-T reactor is fluidly coupled to the air-blown producer gas reactor claim 1 , wherein the feed gas to the F-T reactor comprises the producer gas.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the product gas comprises at least a portion of the first residue or at least a portion of the second residue.5. The system of comprising a hard-wax trap claim 1 , wherein the hard-wax trap is fluidly coupled to ...

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Номер записи: 70
13-08-2015 дата публикации

OXYGEN TRANSPORT MEMBRANE REACTOR BASED METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR GENERATING ELECTRIC POWER

Номер: US20150226118A1
Автор: CHAKRAVARTI SHRIKAR, KELLY Sean M., LI Juan
Принадлежит:

A carbon capture enabled system and method for generating electric power and/or fuel from methane containing sources using oxygen transport membranes by first converting the methane containing feed gas into a high pressure synthesis gas. Then, in one configuration the synthesis gas is combusted in oxy-combustion mode in oxygen transport membranes based boiler reactor operating at a pressure at least twice that of ambient pressure and the heat generated heats steam in thermally coupled steam generation tubes within the boiler reactor; the steam is expanded in steam turbine to generate power; and the carbon dioxide rich effluent leaving the boiler reactor is processed to isolate carbon. In another configuration the synthesis gas is further treated in a gas conditioning system configured for carbon capture in a pre-combustion mode using water gas shift reactors and acid gas removal units to produce hydrogen or hydrogen-rich fuel gas that fuels an integrated gas turbine and steam turbine system to generate power. The disclosed method and system can also be adapted to integrate with coal gasification systems to produce power from both coal and methane containing sources with greater than 90% carbon isolation. 1. An oxygen transport membrane based power generation system comprising:an oxygen transport membrane based combined reforming subsystem configured to produce a hydrogen-rich, high pressure synthesis gas stream from a hydrocarbon containing feed stream and steam; andan oxygen transport membrane based power cycle subsystem comprising an oxygen transport membrane based boiler reactor configured to produce steam, electric power, and a carbon dioxide containing effluent by combusting the hydrogen-rich, high pressure synthesis gas stream at a pressure at least two times that of ambient pressure in the oxygen transport membrane based boiler reactor.2. The oxygen transport membrane based power generation system of additionally comprising a first expansion stage for the ...

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Номер записи: 71
12-08-2021 дата публикации

SPRAY, JET, AND/OR SPLASH INDUCED CIRCULATION AMONG INTEGRATED BUBBLING ZONES IN A BUBBLING FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR

Номер: US20210245130A1
Автор: Gustavsson Christer, Larsson Anton, Pallarès David, Seemann Martin, Ström Henrik, Thunman Henrik
Принадлежит:

Various aspects provide for a fluidized bed reactor comprising a container having a bed of bed solids and a splashgenerator configured to impart a directed momentum to a portion of the bed solids. A bedwall may separate the bed solids into first and second reaction zones, and the directed momentum may be used to transfer bed solids from one zone to the other. A return passage may provide for return of the transferred bed solids, providing for circulation between the zones. A compact circulating bubbling fluidized bed may be integrated with a reactor having first and second stages, each with its own fluidization gas and ambient. A multistage reactor may comprise a gaswall separating at least the gas phases above two different portions of the bed. A gaslock beneath the gaswall may provide reduced gas transport while allowing bed transport, reducing contamination. 1400400410410420500700. A fluidized bed reactor ( , ′ , , ′ , , , ) configured to react a fuel in a fluidized bed of bed solids , the reactor comprising:{'b': '303', 'claim-text': [{'b': '312', 'claim-text': [{'b': 314', '312, 'a LowOx gas inlet () disposed at a first portion of a bottom of the container and configured to fluidize the bed solids in the LowOx reaction zone () to create a first bubbling fluidized bed; and'}, {'b': 311', '314, 'a LowOx gas supply () configured to supply an inert and/or less-oxidizing gas to the LowOx gas inlet () to volatilize the fuel to yield a volatiles stream and char; and'}], 'a LowOx reaction zone () comprising, {'b': '332', 'claim-text': [{'b': 334', '332, 'an oxidant inlet () disposed at a second portion of the bottom of the container configured to fluidize the bed solids in the HiOx reaction zone () to create a second bubbling fluidized bed;'}, {'b': 331', '334', '311, 'a HiOx gas supply () configured to supply the oxidant inlet () with a gas that is more oxidizing than that supplied by the LowOx gas supply (), the HiOx gas supply and oxidant inlet configured to combust ...

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Номер записи: 72
20-08-2015 дата публикации

DOWNDRAFT GASIFICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD

Номер: US20150232768A1
Автор: Bindbeutal Nicholas, Hasty Ryan, Kaufmann Bear, Liu Austin, Mason James, Regulinski James
Принадлежит:

A gasifier configured to receive biomass, including: a pyroreactor defining a first end, a second end, and an interior lumen, the first end defining a biomass inlet, the second end defining a pyroreactor outlet; a reduction basket arranged proximal the pyroreactor outlet, the reduction basket including a closed end and a basket opening opposing the closed end; a set of air manifolds fluidly connected to the interior lumen of the pyroreactor through a set of air inlets arranged between the first and second ends, proximal the second end; and a gasifier housing enclosing the pyroreactor, reduction basket, and set of air manifolds within a housing lumen. 1. A gasifier configured to receive biomass , comprising:a pyroreactor defining a first end, a second end, and an interior lumen, the first end defining a biomass inlet, the second end defining a pyroreactor outlet;a reduction basket arranged proximal the pyroreactor outlet, the reduction basket comprising a closed end and a basket opening opposing the closed end;a set of air manifolds fluidly connected to the interior lumen of the pyroreactor through a set of air inlets arranged between the first and second ends, proximal the second end; anda gasifier housing enclosing the pyroreactor, reduction basket, and set of air manifolds within a housing lumen.2. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the air manifolds are fluidly connected to a gasifier housing exterior.3. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the pyroreactor is thermally insulated.4. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the pyroreactor further comprises a burner arranged within the interior lumen proximal the air inlets.5. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the second end is tapered toward the pyroreactor opening.6. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the reduction basket is arranged with the basket opening proximal the pyroreactor outlet.7. The gasifier of claim 6 , wherein the reduction basket closed end is perforated.8. The gasifier of claim 6 , wherein the reduction ...

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Номер записи: 73
20-08-2015 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR GASIFICATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS TO PRODUCE SYNGAS

Номер: US20150232771A1
Автор: Bell Peter S., Breshears Scott, Ko Ching Whan, Ocfemia Kim, Slape Sean
Принадлежит: INEOS BIO SA

A process and apparatus are provided for gasification of a carbonaceous material. The process produces a raw syngas that can be further processed in a tar destruction zone to provide a hot syngas. The process includes contacting said carbonaceous material with molecular oxygen-containing gas in a gasification zone to gasify a portion of said carbonaceous material and to produce a first gaseous product. A remaining portion of the carbonaceous material is contacted with molecular oxygen-containing gas in a burn-up zone to gasify additional portion of the carbonaceous material and to produce a second gaseous product and a solid ash. The first gaseous product and said second gaseous product are combined to produce a raw syngas that includes carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO) and tar. The raw syngas is contacted with molecular oxygen containing gas in a tar destruction zone to produce said hot syngas. 132-. (canceled)33. A gasification apparatus comprising:a gasification zone that includes one or more hearths;{'sub': '2', 'a burn-up zone continuous with the gasification zone, the burn-up zone including one or more hearths, wherein the gasification and burn-up zones are effective for providing a raw syngas having a CO/COmolar ratio greater than about 0.75 and ratio of carbon content of solid ash to carbon content of carbonaceous material feed is less than about 0.1; and'}a tar destruction zone effective for receiving the raw syngas from the gasification and burn-up zones through a connecting zone, wherein the connecting zone includes at least one gas inlet.34. The gasification apparatus of wherein the gasification zone includes up to 10 hearths.35. The gasification apparatus of wherein the burn-up zone includes up to 5 hearths.36. The gasification apparatus of further comprising at least one solids transfer device effective for moving carbonaceous material from the gasification zone to the burn-up zone.37. The gasification apparatus of further comprising at least ...

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Номер записи: 74
18-07-2019 дата публикации

System and method for recovering inert feedstock contaminants from municipal solid waste during gasification

Номер: US20190217353A1
Автор: Brian ATTWOOD Christopher, Daniel A. Burciaga, Daniel Michael Leo, Dave G. Newport, Justin Kevin MILLER, Kaitlin Emily HARRINGTON, Ravi Chandran, Shawn Robert Freitas
Принадлежит: ThermoChem Recovery International Inc

A multi-stage product gas generation system converts a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas which may subsequently be converted into a liquid fuel or other material. One or more reactors containing bed material may be used to conduct reactions to effect the conversions. Unreacted inert feedstock contaminants present in the carbonaceous material may be separated from bed material using a portion of the product gas. A heat transfer medium collecting heat from a reaction in one stage may be applied as a reactant input in another, earlier stage.

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Номер записи: 75
09-08-2018 дата публикации

COMPACT GASIFIER-GENSET ARCHITECTURE

Номер: US20180226859A1
Автор: Bindbeutel Nick, Fisk-Vittori Ariel, Hasty Julia, Kaufmann Bear, Mason James Matthew
Принадлежит:

A compact biomass gasification-based power generation system that converts carbonaceous material into electrical power, including an enclosure that encases: a gasifier including a pyrolysis module coaxially arranged above a reactor module, a generator including an engine and an alternator, and a hopper. The generator system additionally includes a first heat exchanger fluidly connected to an outlet of the reactor module and thermally connected to the drying module, a second heat exchanger fluidly connected to an outlet of the engine and thermally connected to the pyrolysis module, and a third heat exchanger fluidly connected between the outlet of the reactor module and the first heat exchanger, the third heat exchanger thermally connected to an air inlet of the reactor module. The system can additionally include a central wiring conduit electrically connected to the pyrolysis module, reactor module, and engine, and a control panel connected to the conduit that enables single-side operation. 1an open-air hopper;an airlock connected to an outlet of the hopper;a drying module connected to the airlock, the airlock configured to form a substantially fluid impermeable seal with the drying module;a gasifier comprising: a pyrolysis module and a reactor module, the pyrolysis module connected to the drying module and to the reactor module;an engine; and a first heat exchanger fluidly connected to an outlet of the reactor module and thermally connected to the drying module;', 'a second heat exchanger fluidly connected to an outlet of the engine and thermally connected to the pyrolysis module; and', 'a third heat exchanger fluidly connected between the outlet of the reactor module and the first heat exchanger, the third heat exchanger thermally connected to an air inlet of the reactor module., 'a heat exchange module comprising. A gasification based power generation system that converts carbonaceous material into electrical power, comprising: This application is a continuation ...

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Номер записи: 76
27-08-2015 дата публикации

POWDER CONVEYANCE DEVICE AND CHAR RECOVERY APPARATUS

Номер: US20150239684A1
Автор: Koyama Yoshinori, Shibata Yasunari, Shinoda Haruto, Soda Yasuo
Принадлежит: MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.

A powder conveyance device and a char recovery apparatus are each provided with: inclination part () serving as a powder discharge line which can convey char at a predetermined tilt angle by allowing the char to fall by gravity; a first porous plate () having a predetermined opening ratio and disposed along the inclination part (); a second porous plate () having a higher opening ratio than the first porous plate () and disposed along the inclination part () at a position above the first porous plate (); and an assist gas feed device () for feeding assist gas to the inclination part () through both the first porous plate () and the second porous plate (). As a result of this configuration, powder and char can be efficiently and appropriately conveyed. 1. A powder conveyance device comprising:a powder discharge line capable of conveying powder at a predetermined tilt angle by allowing the char to fall by gravity;a first porous plate which has a predetermined opening ratio and is disposed along the powder discharge line;a second porous plate which has a higher opening ratio than the first porous plate and is disposed along the powder discharge line above the first porous plate; andan assist gas feed device which is provided below the first porous plate and feeds assist gas to the powder discharge line through the first porous plate and the second porous plate.2. The powder conveyance device according to claim 1 ,wherein the first porous plate and the second porous plate are disposed in close contact with each other.3. The powder conveyance device according to claim 1 ,wherein the powder discharge line has piping which forms a tube shape, the first porous plate and the second porous plate are disposed inside the piping, and an assist gas chamber which constitutes the assist gas feed device is provided below the first porous plate and the second porous plate inside the piping.4. The powder conveyance device according to claim 1 ,wherein a powder feed line capable of ...

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Номер записи: 77
03-09-2015 дата публикации

WATER CONSERVING SYNGAS CLEANUP SYSTEM

Номер: US20150247099A1
Автор: Fusselman Steven P.
Принадлежит: Aerojet Rocketdyne, Inc.

A gasification system includes a scrubber in communication with a particulate removal subsystem and a quench sub-system 1. A gasification system comprising:a quench subsystem;a particulate removal subsystem; anda scrubber in communication with said particulate removal subsystem and said quench subsystem.2. The gasification system as recited in claim 1 , wherein said scrubber recycles scrubber water to said quench subsystem.3. The gasification system as recited in claim 1 , wherein said particulate removal subsystem is a candle filter.4. The gasification system as recited in claim 1 , wherein said particulate removal subsystem is a cyclone.5. The gasification system as recited in claim 1 , wherein said particulate removal subsystem is downstream of said quench subsystem to receive syngas.6. The gasification system as recited in claim 1 , further comprising a heat exchanger in communication with said particulate removal system.7. A method of operating a gasification system comprising:recycling scrubber water to a quench subsystem of a gasifier.8. The method as recited in claim 7 , further comprising adding chemical agents to the scrubber water to convert volatile water soluble species into non-volatile water soluble species or non-volatile species insoluble in water.9. The method as recited in claim 7 , further comprising adding water soluble salts and/or other agglomeration promoting agents to the recycled scrubber water.10. A method of operating a gasification system comprising:agglomerating fine slag particles by recycling scrubber water.11. The method as recited in claim 10 , further comprising: agglomerating the fine slag particles in a quench subsystem of a gasification chamber.12. The method as recited in claim 11 , further comprising adding water soluble salts or other agglomeration promoting agents to the recycled scrubber water.13. The method as recited in claim 10 , further comprising: agglomerating the fine slag particles to a diameter greater than ...

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Номер записи: 78
10-09-2015 дата публикации

REACTOR, METHOD OF INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY IN A REACTOR AND USE OF THE REACTOR

Номер: US20150252273A1
Автор: OLSSON Anders
Принадлежит:

The present invention concerns a reactor () for the gasification of organic material included in composite raw material and the separation of gasified organic material from inorganic material included in the composite raw material, the reactor comprising at least one reaction chamber () and at least one rotor (), said reaction chamber () comprising at least one housing () that is sealed in relation to the surroundings and has at least one inlet opening () and at least one outlet opening () and said rotor () comprising at least one shaft (). Said housing () is in heat exchanging contact with at least one channel () intended to convey gas for heat exchange between the gas and said housing (). Said housing () is preferably cylindrical and has a primarily circular cross-section in a plane that is primarily perpendicular to a principal direction of extension of said at least one shaft (), said channel () being in contact with at least one-third of the radial external envelope surface of said housing () and in addition entirely or partly surrounding said at least one inlet opening (). At least a first part of said rotor () is situated in said housing (a, b) and said shaft () extends in only one direction from said first part through and out of said housing (). The present invention also concerns a method of increasing the efficiency in the reactor () and the use of the reactor (). 147-. (canceled)48. A reactor for the gasification of organic material included in composite raw material and the separation of gasified organic material from inorganic material included in the composite raw material , the reactor comprising:at least one reaction chamber and at least one rotor; 'at least one housing that is sealed in relation to the surroundings and has at least one inlet opening and at least one outlet opening and said rotor comprising at least one shaft, wherein said housing is in heat exchanging contact with at least one channel intended to convey gas for heat exchange ...

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Номер записи: 79
10-09-2015 дата публикации

ENTRAINED FLOW GASIFIER HAVING AN INTEGRATED INTERMEDIATE TEMPERATURE PLASMA

Номер: US20150252274A1
Автор: Hammer Thomas, Hannemann Frank, KLOSTERMANN Doris, TREMEL Alexander
Принадлежит:

A process for gasifying solid or liquid gasification materials, in particular biomass, at pressures in the range from atmospheric pressure to 10 MPa and at gasification temperatures in the range from 800° C. to 1500° C. to form a highly calorific synthesis gas. An endothermic steam gasification process proceeds in a gasification space of an entrained flow gasifier, and a plasma of intermediate temperature (typically <3500° C., preferably <2000° C.) introduces heat of reaction into the gasification space in such a quantity that the gasification temperature is kept below the ash softening temperature of 1500° C. Endothermic reactions, in particular reactions having a high activation energy, proceed at high rates at far lower gas temperatures than in the case of a thermal process. The gasification process, which does not require an oxygen plant, gives a crude gas which is free of hydrocarbons. 1. A process for gasifying solid or liquid gasification materials at pressures in the range from atmospheric pressure to 10 MPa and at gasification temperatures in the range from 800° C. to 1500° C. to form a synthesis gas , comprising:performing an endothermic steam gasification process according to an entrained flow principle using a plasma of intermediate temperature, <3500° C.; andintroducing required heat of reaction at least partly by means of the plasma.2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising all of the introducing of the required heat of reaction is by means of the plasma.3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising generating the plasma of intermediate temperature by means of a DC discharge.4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising generating the plasma of intermediate temperature by means of a low-frequency AC discharge.5. The process as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising generating the plasma of intermediate temperature by means of electromagnetic waves.6. The process as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising: ...

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Номер записи: 80
01-09-2016 дата публикации

STEAM INJECTOR FOR A GASIFICATION SYSTEM

Номер: US20160251585A1
Автор: Granados Luis Rogelio
Принадлежит:

A system includes a first steam injector configured to mix a steam and a feedstock to form a heated feedstock. Additionally, first viscosity of the feedstock is greater than a second viscosity of the heated feedstock. The system also includes a feed system positioned upstream of the first steam injector and configured to supply the feedstock to the first steam injector. In addition, the system includes a steam system configured to supply the steam to the first steam injector. Furthermore, the system includes a gasifier coupled to the first steam injector and configured to receive the heated feedstock. 1. A system comprising:a first steam injector configured to mix a steam and a feedstock to form a heated feedstock, wherein a first viscosity of the feedstock is greater than a second viscosity of the heated feedstock;a feed system positioned upstream of the first steam injector and configured to supply the feedstock to the first steam injector;a steam system configured to supply the steam to the first steam injector; anda gasifier coupled to the first steam injector and configured to receive the heated feedstock.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first steam injector comprises a feed inlet configured to receive the feedstock claim 1 , a steam inlet configured to receive the steam claim 1 , and a feed outlet configured to direct the heated feedstock to the gasifier claim 1 , wherein the feed outlet is directly coupled to the gasifier.3. The system of claim 1 , comprising a pump positioned downstream of the feed system and upstream of the first steam injector claim 1 , wherein the pump is configured to supply energy to the feedstock to direct the feedstock to the gasifier.4. The system of claim 3 , comprising a second steam injector wherein the second steam injector is positioned upstream of the pump.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the steam is saturated steam claim 1 , superheated steam claim 1 , or a combination thereof.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the ...

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Номер записи: 81
30-07-2020 дата публикации

Hydrogen generation furnace using decomposition of biomass stream

Номер: US20200239794A1
Автор: ZHANG Daji
Принадлежит:

Disclosed is a hydrogen generation furnace using decomposition of biomass steam, which employs an infrared source and a furnace body with a water-accommodating structure. A steam separation-drying device is cylindrical and provided at an upper part of an interior of the furnace body and a cavity of the steam separation-drying device forms a secondary gasifier. A lattice plate is provided at a bottom of the interior of the furnace body. A lattice combustion grate is provided above a middle of the lattice plate. A steam distributor is provided outside a lower part of the furnace body. The furnace of the invention performs gasified gas separation as well as secondary oxidation and gasification and mixes steam with gas generated from biomass to perform a decomposition reaction for generating hydrogen. 1. A hydrogen generation furnace using decomposition of biomass steam , comprising a double-walled furnace body , wherein an opening from which water enters and exits is provided at a lower part of the double-walled furnace body a steam outlet is provided at a top of the double-walled furnace body; a grid-shaped pipe has a spaced interior and is provided along a circumference of an inner wall of the double-walled furnace body , the grid-shaped pipe is communicated with the double-walled furnace body to accommodate water; an infrared radiation grid layer is embedded between the grid-shaped pipe and the inner wall of the double-walled furnace body; a steam separation-drying device is cylindrical and double-walled and is provided in a middle of an upper part of an interior of the double-walled furnace body; a steam outlet is provided at a top of the steam separation-drying device; a steam inlet and a residual water outlet are provided at a lower part of the steam separation-drying device; a cylindrical infrared radiation grid layer is provided along a circumference of an inner wall of the steam separation-drying device; an infrared combustion radiation grid layer is provided ...

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Номер записи: 82
07-09-2017 дата публикации

PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR REGENERATION OF TAR REFORMER CATALYST

Номер: US20170252739A1
Автор: Andersson Klas Jerker, HANSEN John Bøgild, Madsen Jorgen
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a catalyst regeneration process for a tar reforming catalyst within a catalyst bed in a tar reformer. The process comprises the steps of:—Admitting a main gas stream with controlled temperature and oxygen content to an inlet into the tar reformer;—Passing the main gas stream through the catalyst bed to form an oxygen depleted gas stream;—Exiting the oxygen depleted gas stream from the tar reformer; and—Recycling at least a part of the oxygen depleted gas stream exiting from the tar reformer back into said main gas stream upstream said tar reformer. The temperature of said main gas stream at the inlet is controlled to be within the range from about 500° C. to about 1000° C. 2. A catalyst regeneration process according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature of said main gas stream at said inlet is controlled to be in the range between about 500° C. and about 950° C. claim 1 , preferably in the range between about 650° C. and about 950° C. claim 1 , more preferably in the range between about 700° C. and about 900° C.3. A catalyst regeneration process according to claim 1 , wherein an additional oxidant gas stream with controlled oxygen content is added to the main gas stream and/or is admitted into one or more further inlets into the tar reformer.4. A catalyst regeneration process according to claim 3 , wherein the tar reformer comprises a plurality of catalyst beds claim 3 , wherein said additional oxidant gas stream is inlet into the tar reformer downstream at least one catalyst bed.5. A catalyst regeneration process according to claim 3 , wherein the tar reformer comprises a plurality of catalyst beds claim 3 , wherein said additional oxidant gas stream is inlet into the tar reformer upstream at least one catalyst bed.6. A catalyst regeneration process according to claim 1 , wherein the main gas stream to the tar reformer comprises a flue gas resulting from combusting a fuel in a burner claim 1 , and where said flue gas passes through a ...

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Номер записи: 83
24-09-2015 дата публикации

CHROMIUM OXIDE PRODUCT

Номер: US20150267133A1
Автор: Raffin Nicolas, San Miguel Laurie
Принадлежит:

A sintered refractory product having a granulate bonded by a matrix and comprising, in percentages by mass based on the oxides, —more than 40% chromium oxide CrO, —less than 50% aluminium oxide AlO% or more zirconium oxide ZrO, of which at least 20% by mass is stabilised in the cubic and/or quadratic form, −0.1% or more yttrium oxide YO, acting as a stabiliser for the zirconium oxide ZrO, —less than 1.9% hafnium oxide HfO, the total content of chromium, aluminium and zirconium oxides CrO+AlO+ZrObeing greater than 70%. 1. A sintered refractory product exhibiting an aggregate bonded by a matrix and comprising , as percentages by weight on the basis of the oxides:{'sub': 2', '3, 'more than 40% of chromium oxide CrO,'}{'sub': 2', '3, 'less than 50% of aluminum oxide AlO,'}{'sub': '2', '1% or more of zirconium oxide ZrO, at least 20% by weight of which is stabilized in the cubic and/or tetragonal form,'}{'sub': 2', '3', '2, '0.1% or more of yttrium oxide YO, acting as stabilizer for the zirconium oxide ZrO,'}{'sub': 2', '2', '3', '2', '3', '2, 'less than 1.9% of hafnium oxide HfO, the total content of chromium oxide, aluminum oxide and zirconium oxide CrO+AlO+ZrObeing greater than 70%.'}2. The product as claimed in claim 1 , in which:{'sub': 2', '3, 'the content of chromium oxide CrOis greater than 65%, and/or'}{'sub': 2', '3, 'the content of aluminum oxide AlOis less than 35%, and/or'}{'sub': '2', 'the content of zirconium oxide ZrOis greater than 3%, and/or'}{'sub': 2', '3, 'the content of yttrium oxide YOis greater than 0.2%, and/or'}{'sub': 2', '3', '2', '3', '2, 'claim-text': 'as percentages by weight on the basis of the oxides.', 'the total content of chromium oxide, aluminum oxide and zirconium oxide CrO+AlO+ZrOis greater than 80%,'}3. The product as claimed in claim 2 , in which:{'sub': 2', '3, 'the content of chromium oxide CrOis greater than 75%, and/or'}{'sub': 2', '3, 'the content of aluminum oxide AlOis less than 10%, and/or'}{'sub': '2', 'the content of ...

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Номер записи: 84
14-09-2017 дата публикации

POWDER TRANSPORT DEVICE AND CHAR RECOVERY DEVICE

Номер: US20170260465A1
Автор: Koyama Yoshinori, Shibata Yasunari, Shinoda Haruto, Soda Yasuo
Принадлежит:

This powder transport device comprises: transport pipe () that can transport powder by way of gravity by having a prescribed angle of inclination; a porous plate () that is disposed along the transport pipe () so as to divide a line cross section into a top section and bottom section and form a powder line () in the top section; an inert gas supply line for fluidization () that is provided under the porous plate () and supplies an assist gas (g) to the powder line () through the porous plate (); and a deposit status monitoring device () that constantly monitors the state of the powder deposited on the top face side of the porous plate () in the powder line (). 115-. (canceled)16. A powder transport device , comprising:a powder transport line which can transport powder by way of gravity by having a prescribed angle of inclination;a deposit status monitoring device which constantly monitors a status of the powder deposited in the powder transport line and includes a sensor for detecting a deposition state of the powder in the powder transport line; anda controller which judges the deposition state based on a detection value of the sensor,wherein multiple sensors are provided in an axial direction of the powder transport line.17. The powder transport device according to claim 16 ,wherein the sensor is a temperature sensor which detects a wall surface temperature of the powder transport line.18. The powder transport device according to claim 17 ,wherein the temperature sensor detects an inner wall surface temperature of the powder transport line.19. The powder transport device according to claim 16 ,wherein multiple sensors are provided in a peripheral direction of the powder transport line.20. The powder transport device according to claim 16 ,wherein the deposit status monitoring device includes an observation window which can perform monitoring in a direction intersecting a flow direction of the powder in the powder transport line.21. The powder transport device ...

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Номер записи: 85
06-08-2020 дата публикации

Producing Synthetic Gas

Номер: US20200248087A1
Автор: Abbasi Yasir H., Al-Harbi Abdullah M., Traidia Abderrazak
Принадлежит:

A syngas production system includes a gasification reactor and a syngas pressure vessel downstream of the gasification reactor. The syngas pressure vessel includes a pressure vessel having a body with a first portion and a second portion. The syngas pressure vessel also includes an evaporator disposed in the pressure vessel; a coil disposed in the pressure vessel; and a tongue-and-groove flange assembly. The tongue-and-groove flange assembly includes: a first flange with a raised ring extending from a face of the first flange, the first flange attached to the first portion of the body; a second flange with a groove defined in a face of the second flange. The second flange is attached to the second portion of the body. The raised ring extends from the face of the first flange and is positioned in the groove defined in the face of the second flange. 1. A syngas production system comprising:a gasification reactor; and a pressure vessel having a body with a first portion and a second portion;', 'an evaporator disposed in the pressure vessel;', 'a coil disposed in the pressure vessel; and', 'a tongue-and-groove flange assembly comprising:', 'a first flange with a raised ring extending from a face of the first flange, the first flange attached to the first portion of the body;', 'a second flange with a groove defined in a face of the second flange, the second flange attached to the second portion of the body wherein the raised ring extending from the face of the first flange is positioned in the groove defined in the face of the second flange., 'a syngas pressure vessel downstream of the gasification reactor, the syngas pressure vessel comprising2. The system according to claim 1 , further comprising a fastener attached to the first flange and the second flange.3. The system according to claim 2 , wherein the fastener controls a position of the first flange relative to a position of the second flange.4. The system according to claim 1 , further comprising a sealing gasket ...

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Номер записи: 86
01-10-2015 дата публикации

Gasification devices and methods

Номер: US20150275108A1
Автор: Gueh How Kiap
Принадлежит:

A device for converting one or more feed fuel to syngas is disclosed that comprises a metallic crucible for holding an electrically conductive material and at least one electric heater in the vicinity of the crucible. The electric heater comprises a coil for providing a flow of current through the at least one electric heater so as to cause melting and heating of the electrically conductive material to form a molten material disposed within the metallic crucible. Furthermore, the device comprises a liquid cooling arrangement for the crucible, at least one feeding conduit for providing a flow stream of the one or more feed fuel to be delivered into contact with the molten material to convert at least a portion of one or more feed fuel to syngas and at least one supply conduit for delivering the syngas to the exterior of the crucible. 1. A gasification device for converting one or more feed material into syngas , comprising:a crucible for holding an electrically conductive material; at least one electric heater in the vicinity of the crucible, the at least one electric heater supplied with electricity to generate heat so as to cause melting and heating of the electrically conductive material to form a molten melt material disposed within crucible,a cooling arrangement for the crucible,at least one conduit for providing a flow stream of one or more feed material to be delivered and placed into fluid contact with molten melt material to convert at least a portion of one or more feed material into syngas,at least one conduit for delivering syngas to the exterior of the crucible.2. The gasification device according to claim 1 , wherein at least a part of the crucible is made of an electrically insulating material.3. The gasification device according to claim 1 , wherein at least a part of the crucible is made of a metallic material.4. The gasification device according to claim 1 , wherein at least a part of the crucible is made of an electrically insulating crucible ...

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Номер записи: 87
01-10-2015 дата публикации

System and Method for Processing Raw Gas with In-Situ Catalyst Regeneration

Номер: US20150275111A1
Автор: Chandran Ravi
Принадлежит:

A system and method for improving the quality of a raw gas or raw syngas passes the raw gas or raw syngas past a catalytic element comprising catalyst with an optional sorbent. A downstream measurement of one or more parameters of the improved gas is fed back to a controller configured to regulate the regeneration of the catalyst and optional sorbent and, optionally, the flow rate of the regeneration fluid to the catalytic element. The system and method are particularly suitable for improving raw syngas generated from a carbonaceous material in a fixed bed or fluidized-bed or entrained-flow gasifier. Herein, one or more undesirable syngas constituents are subject to one or more of catalytic cracking, reforming, partial oxidation and/or decomposition to promote their conversion into desirable syngas constituents. At least one catalytic element is regenerated in situ, either periodically, continuously, or in a combination of these two modes. 1. A system for processing a raw gas comprising:a vessel configured to accommodate a raw gas to be processed; andone or more catalytic elements positioned in the vessel such that a catalyst associated with the catalytic element contacts the raw gas to thereby produce an improved gas, the catalytic element being connected to a source of regeneration fluid, porous walls;', 'at least one catalyst supported on an external surface thereof; and', 'one or more internal channels suitable for delivery of a regeneration fluid through the porous walls to regenerate the at least one catalyst; and, 'wherein each catalytic element comprises a metal or ceramic structure havingwherein the raw gas contacts the at least one catalyst supported on the external surface of the catalytic element, as the raw gas flows past the catalytic element within the vessel.2. The system according to claim 1 , wherein:the vessel includes a contact region where a plurality of catalytic elements contact the raw gas;the plurality of catalytic elements occupy 10 to 60% ...

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Номер записи: 88
01-10-2015 дата публикации

IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE CONVERSION OF A FEED CONTAINING BIOMASS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROCARBONS, BY FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS

Номер: US20150275112A1
Автор: AVENIER Priscilla, Boissonnet Guillaume, BOURNAY Laurent, Chiche David, FEDOU Stephane, Hecquet Michael, Heraud Jean-Philippe, Lemaire Raphael, Lucquin Anne Claire, Rousseau Julien, ULLRICH Norbert, VIGUIE Jean-Christophe
Принадлежит:

The present invention concerns an integrated process for the production of liquid hydrocarbons starting from a feed containing at least one fraction of biomass and optionally at least one fraction of another feed, said process comprising at least one pre-treatment step, a gasification step, a step for conditioning synthesis gas, a water scrubbing step, a step for eliminating acid gases, a final purification step, and a catalytic Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction step. 1. An integrated process for the production of liquid hydrocarbons from a feed containing at least one fraction of biomass and optionally at least one fraction of another feed , said process comprising at least the following steps: a1) drying,', 'a2) torrefaction,', 'a4) grinding,, 'a) a step for pre-treatment of the biomass fraction and optionally of the other fraction or fractions, comprising at least one of the operations a1), a2), a4)b) an optional step for combining the pre-treated biomass fraction and the other fraction or fractions of the feed, which may or may not have been pre-treated,c) a step for gasification of the effluent obtained from step b) and/or of the pre-treated fraction obtained from step a) and optionally of at least one fraction of another feed introduced directly into the gasification step in an entrained flow reactor, a step d1) for scrubbing with water and for fractionating said synthesis gas into at least two effluents: a first portion and a complementary portion,', 'a step d2) for eliminating halogenated compounds by passing said first portion through at least one suitable guard bed,', 'a water gas shift step d3) carried out on the effluent obtained from step d2),', {'sub': 2', '3, 'a step d4) for catalytic hydrolysis of the COS and HCN compounds contained in said complementary portion of the effluent obtained from step d1) into HS and NH,'}], 'd) a step for conditioning synthesis gas obtained from step c), comprisinge) a step for recombination of at least one fraction of ...

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Номер записи: 89
08-10-2015 дата публикации

TEMPERATURE MONITORING IN A GASIFICATION REACTOR

Номер: US20150284648A1
Автор: KAR Ibrahim, SCHMITZ-GOEB Manfred Heinrich
Принадлежит:

A gasification reactor for the partial combustion of a carbonaceous feed comprising a gasifier having a gasifier wall, and a method for monitoring temperature development in the gasifier. the gasifier wall comprises coolant lines. At least one of the coolant lines is a temperature monitoring line connected to a supply of a liquid coolant, in particular water. The temperature monitoring line comprises temperature measuring units for measuring temperature change over at least a section of the temperature monitoring line, where the coolant temperature is below the coolant boiling point. 1. A gasification reactor for the partial combustion of a carbonaceous feed comprising a gasifier having a membrane wall , which encloses the gasifier process space inside of the gasifier pressure vessel , wherein the membrane wall comprises coolant lines , at least one of the coolant lines being a temperature monitoring line connected to a supply of a liquid coolant and comprising one or more temperature measuring units for measuring temperature change in the process gas temperature over at least a section of the temperature monitoring line , where the coolant temperature is below the coolant boiling point.2. A gasification reactor according to wherein the temperature monitoring line comprises at least one further temperature measuring unit.3. A gasification reactor according to wherein at least one temperature measuring unit is provided at an inlet and at least one temperature measuring unit is provided at an outlet of the temperature monitoring line.4. A gasification reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the gasifier wall comprises a plurality of tubular temperature monitoring lines equidistantly arranged over the gasifier wall.5. A gasification reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the supply of a liquid coolant is a supply of water with a temperature below its boiling point at process conditions.6. A gasification reactor according to wherein the supply of a liquid coolant is a ...

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Номер записи: 90
08-10-2015 дата публикации

Method and Apparatus for Generating a Methane-Containing Substitute Natural Gas and Related Energy Supply System

Номер: US20150284651A1
Автор: Frick Volkmar, Specht Michael, Stuermer Bernd, Thaler Sebastian, Zuberbuehler Ulrich
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for generating a methane-containing substitute natural gas from a carbon oxide-containing input gas and also to an energy supply system equipped with such an apparatus. According to the invention, the input gas is subjected to a methanation reaction where a superstoichiometric hydrogen fraction is established in the reactant gas. The product gas of the methanation reaction is divided by gas separation into a methane-containing retentate gas, which yields the substitute natural gas, and a hydrogen-containing permeate gas. At least some of the permeate gas is returned to the input gas and admixed therein to form the reactant gas for the methanation reaction. The invention may be used, for example, for renewable energy supply systems with biomass valorization. 110-. (canceled)11. A method for generating a methane-containing substitute natural gas from a carbon oxide-containing input gas , comprisingsubjecting the input gas to a methanation reaction and dividing a product gas obtained therefrom by gas separation into a methane-containing retentate gas, which yields the substitute natural gas, and a hydrogen-containing permeate gas,and returning at least some of the permeate gas to the input gas and admixing therein to form a corresponding reactant gas for the methanation reaction,wherein a superstoichiometric hydrogen fraction is established in the reactant gas for the methanation reaction.12. The method as claimed in claim 11 , wherein a stoichiometry factor of the reactant gas claim 11 , which is defined as the ratio of the difference in the proportions of hydrogen and of carbon dioxide to the sum total of the carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide proportions claim 11 , is maintained in the range above three and not more than fifteen.13. The method as claimed in claim 11 , wherein one or more of the following parameters are measured and used to adjust at least one of an amount of supplied input gas and an amount of ...

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Номер записи: 91
15-10-2015 дата публикации

REACTOR FOR PRODUCING A PRODUCT GAS FROM A FUEL

Номер: US20150291896A1
Автор: van der Drift Abraham, Van Der Meijden Christiaan Martinus, Zwart Robin Willem Rudolf
Принадлежит:

Reactor for producing a product gas from a fuel having a housing () with a combustion part accommodating a fluidized bed () in operation, a riser () extending along a longitudinal direction of the reactor (), and a downcomer () positioned coaxially around the riser () and extending into the fluidized bed (). One or more feed channels () for providing the fuel to the riser () are provided. The riser () is attached to the housing () of the reactor () in a bottom part () of the housing (), and a part of the riser () above the one or more feed channels () is moveable with respect to the downcomer () in the longitudinal direction of the reactor (). 114-. (canceled)151112137. Reactor for producing a product gas from a fuel , comprising a housing ( , , ) with a combustion part accommodating a fluidized bed () in operation ,{'b': 2', '1, 'a riser () extending along a longitudinal direction of the reactor () and providing a pyrolysis part separate from the fluidized bed,'}{'b': 3', '2', '7', '8', '2, 'a downcomer () positioned coaxially around the riser () and extending into the fluidized bed (), and one or more feed channels () for providing the fuel to the riser (),'}{'b': 2', '11', '12', '13', '1', '13', '11', '12', '13', '2', '8', '3', '1, 'the riser () being attached to the housing (, , ) of the reactor () in a bottom part () of the housing (, , ), and a part of the riser () above the one or more feed channels () being moveable with respect to the downcomer () in the longitudinal direction of the reactor ().'}1681. The reactor according to claim 15 , wherein the one or more feed channels () are oriented substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the reactor ().17228282a. The reactor according to claim 15 , wherein the riser () comprises a feed opening () for each of the one or more feed channels () claim 15 , the feed opening being arranged to allow relative movement of the riser () with respect to the one or more feed channels () along a longitudinal ...

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Номер записи: 92
15-10-2015 дата публикации

BIOMASS HIGH EFFICIENCY HYDROTHERMAL REFORMER

Номер: US20150291897A1
Автор: BLEVINS Randy, Pearson Joshua B., WRIGHT Harold A.
Принадлежит:

A system for the production of synthesis gas, the system including a mixing apparatus configured for combining steam with at least one carbonaceous material to produce a reformer feedstock; and a reformer comprising a cylindrical vessel containing a plurality of coiled tubes, each of the plurality of coiled tubes having a vertical height in the range of from about 40 feet 12.2 m) to about 100 feet (30.5 m) and a coil length that is at least four times the vertical height; at least one burner configured to combust a fuel and provide heat to maintain the reformer at a reformer temperature; at least one outlet for reformer product comprising synthesis gas; and at least one outlet for flue gas produced via combustion of fuel in the burners. A suitable mixing apparatus is also provided. 1. A system for the production of synthesis gas , the system comprising:a mixing apparatus configured for combining steam with at least one carbonaceous material to produce a reformer feedstock; and a cylindrical vessel containing a plurality of coiled tubes, wherein each of the plurality of coiled tubes has a vertical height in the range of from about 40 feet 12.2 m) to about 100 feet (30.5 m) and a coil length that is at least four times the vertical height;', 'at least one burner configured to combust a fuel and provide heat to maintain the reformer at a reformer temperature;', 'at least one outlet for reformer product comprising synthesis gas; and', 'at least one outlet for flue gas produced via combustion of fuel in the at least one burner., 'a reformer comprising2. The system of wherein at least a portion of the coiled tubes have an inside diameter of at least 2 inches (5.1 cm).3. The system of wherein each of the plurality of coiled tubes has a coil length that is in the range of from about 400 feet (121.9 m) to about 1000 feet (304.8 m).4. The system of wherein the reformer is configured to provide a residence time in the range of from about 0.3 s to about 3 s.5. The system of ...

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Номер записи: 93
05-10-2017 дата публикации

CATALYTIC MEMBRANE SYSTEM FOR CONVERTING BIOMASS TO HYDROGEN

Номер: US20170283721A1
Автор: Ang Ming Li, HIDAJAT Kus, Jangam Ashok, Kathiraser Yasotha, KAWI Sibudjing, Oemar Usman, Wang Zhingang
Принадлежит:

A two-reactor catalytic system including a catalytic membrane gasification reactor and a catalytic membrane water gas shift reactor. The catalytic system, for converting biomass to hydrogen gas, features a novel gasification reactor containing both hollow fiber membranes that selectively allow Oto permeate therethrough and a catalyst that facilitates tar reformation. Also disclosed is a process of converting biomass to H2. The process includes the steps of, among others, introducing air into a hollow fiber membrane; mixing the Opermeating through the hollow fiber membrane and steam to react with biomass to produce syngas and tar; and reforming the tar in the presence of a catalyst to produce more syngas. 1. A catalytic membrane system for converting biomass to H , the system comprising:{'sub': 2', '2, 'a gasification reactor disposed in which are one or more hollow fiber membranes for receiving air, one or more first containers, and a first catalyst confined in the one or more first containers, the one or more hollow fiber membranes selectively allowing O, not N, to permeate therethrough and the first catalyst capable of facilitating a reaction between the tar and steam,'}{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'whereby, upon introduction of both air, through the one or more hollow fiber membranes, and steam, directly, to the gasification reactor, biomass placed in the gasification reactor reacts with steam and the Opermeating through the one or more hollow fiber membranes to produce tar and a syngas containing Hand CO; and the tar thus produced, in the presence of the first catalyst, reacts with the steam to produce more syngas containing Hand CO.'}2. The catalytic membrane system of claim 1 , further comprising:{'sub': 2', '2, 'a water gas shift reactor disposed in which are one or more second containers, a second catalyst confined in the one or more second containers, and one or more hollow metal-based membranes, the second catalyst capable of facilitating a reaction between a ...

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Номер записи: 94
22-10-2015 дата публикации

TWO STAGE GASIFICATION WITH DUAL QUENCH

Номер: US20150299590A1
Автор: Bustamante Ivan O., Keeler Clifton G., WILLIAMS Chancelor L.
Принадлежит:

Improved two-stage entrained-flow gasification systems and processes that reduce the cost and complexity of the design and increase the reliability, while maintaining the efficiency by implementing a first chemical quench followed by a second water quench of the produced syngas. The quenched syngas is maintained above the condensation temperature of at least one condensable component of the syngas, allowing residual particulates to be removed by dry particulate filtration. 1. A two-stage non-catalytic gasification process , comprising:(a) introducing a particulate carbonaceous feedstock into a reactor lower section of a two-stage gasification reactor and partially combusting therein with a gas stream comprising an oxygen supply selected from a group consisting of oxygen-containing gas, steam, and mixtures thereof, thereby evolving heat and forming a first product stream comprising synthesis gas and molten slag;(b) passing the synthesis gas of step (b) into a reactor upper section of the two-stage gasification reactor and contacting therein with a stream comprising a slurry of particulate carbonaceous feedstock in a liquid carrier, thereby forming a second product stream comprising syngas and solids comprising ash and char;(c) passing the second product stream to a reactor that is maintained at a temperature greater than about 1500° F., wherein the syngas resides in the reactor for a time that is sufficient to thermally degrade volatile tars present in the syngas, thereby producing a product comprising a near-zero-tar syngas;(d) introducing a water stream and contacting with the near-zero-tar syngas, thereby producing steam and a cooled moisturized syngas, wherein the temperature of the cooled moisturized syngas remains greater than the condensation point of the steam, but less than about 1200° F.; and(e) removing residual solids, fines and particulates from the cooled moisturized syngas by directing the cooled syngas through a particulate filtering device, thereby ...

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Номер записи: 95
22-10-2015 дата публикации

ROTARY PLOUGHS FOR GASIFIERS

Номер: US20150300639A1
Автор: BEUKMAN Marnus Tertius, DEAS Gavin Shawn, DU TOIT Johannes Marthinus, Francis Daniel, HADEBE Nkosinathi, KOEKEMOER Andrei Frederik, Stadler Jacobus Andreas
Принадлежит:

A solids handling equipment rotary plough includes a metal body defining a pair of opposed spaced non-parallel elongate faces extending between a bottom and a top and from a first end to a second end of each opposed elongate face, the first end and the second end being spaced further from each other than the top and the bottom are spaced from each other providing each opposed elongate face with a length greater than a height. The opposed elongate faces are on opposite sides and facing away from a first imaginary vertical plane, each of said opposed elongate faces having at least two elongate major surfaces which are not co-planar, an upper, elongate, non-vertical, major surface being angled towards the first imaginary vertical plane to slope upwardly and a lower, elongate, vertical, major surface being angled in a horizontal plane so that the first ends of the opposed elongate faces are closer to each other than the second ends. The elongate faces are joined by a connector defining mounting means to mount the rotary plough to a rotatable grate component. 1. A solids handling equipment rotary plough , the rotary plough includinga metal body having a bottom and a top, and defining a pair of opposed spaced non-parallel elongate faces extending between the bottom and the top and from a first end to a second end of each opposed elongate face, the first end and the second end being spaced further from each other than the top and the bottom are spaced from each other providing each opposed elongate face with a length greater than a height, the opposed elongate faces being on opposite sides and facing away from a first imaginary vertical plane, each of said opposed elongate faces having at least two elongate major surfaces which are not co-planar, an upper, elongate, non-vertical, major surface being angled towards the first imaginary vertical plane to slope upwardly towards said first imaginary vertical plane at an angle of at least 1° to the vertical and a lower, elongate ...

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Номер записи: 96
29-10-2015 дата публикации

GASIFICATION PROCESS AND SYSTEM USING DRYER INTEGRATED WITH WATER-GAS SHIFT CATALYST

Номер: US20150307791A1
Автор: Kim Gyoo Tae, KIM Yong Jeon, LEE Cheon Seong, PARK Ji Sung, Park Jong Sung, Shin Jae Wook
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a gasification process and system, wherein a dryer integrated with a water-gas-shift catalyst is disposed in front of a gasifier. 1. A gasification method , comprising the steps of:a) supplying a water-containing carbonaceous feedstock into a dryer integrated with a water-gas-shift reaction catalyst;b) drying the water-containing carbonaceous feedstock in the dryer to produce a steam while performing a water-gas-shift reaction using the steam as a reactant;c) solid-gas-separating the dried carbonaceous feedstock and the water-gas-shift reaction product;d) gasifying the dried carbonaceous feedstock in the presence of a gasifying agent to obtain a gasification product; ande) recycling at least a part of the gasification product into the dryer in the step b) to provide an energy source for drying the water-containing carbonaceous feedstock.2. The gasification method of claim 1 , wherein the water-containing carbonaceous feedstock has a water content of 20 to 70 wt %.3. The gasification method of claim 1 , wherein the dried carbonaceous feedstock has a water content of 10 wt % or less.4. The gasification method of claim 1 , wherein the water-gas-shift reaction catalyst is applied or supported on a monolithic structure including a plurality of linear or curved inner passageways for passing gas and carbonaceous feedstock particles.5. The gasification method of claim 4 , wherein the carbonaceous feedstock particles has a particle size of 300 to 500 μm claim 4 , and the size of the inner passageway of the monolithic structure is at least 0.5 cm in a flow direction.6. The gasification method of claim 4 , wherein the water-gas-shift reaction catalyst is configured such that a water-gas-shift reaction catalyst region operated at a high temperature range of 350 to 450□ and a water-gas-shift reaction catalyst region operated at a low temperature range of 190 to 250□ are sequentially disposed in a gas flow direction.7. The gasification method of ...

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Номер записи: 97
29-10-2015 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PROCESSING OIL SANDS

Номер: US20150307793A1
Автор: Fraser Roydon Andrew, Ordouei Mohammad Hossein, Thé Jesse
Принадлежит: Lakes Environmental Research Inc.

A method of processing oil sands material including bitumen. The method includes subjecting the oil sands material to a predistillation process. The predistillation process includes heating the oil sands material to between approximately 350° C. and approximately 400° C., to produce atmospheric gas oil from the bitumen, and intermediate dried oil sands material, and heating the intermediate dried oil sands material to between approximately 535° C. and at least approximately 600° C., to produce vacuum gas oil and coked oil sands material comprising carbon-heavy hydrocarbons and sand. The method also includes subjecting the coked oil sands material to gasification, to produce barren hot oil sands material, and syngas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide gases. 1. A method of processing oil sands material comprising bitumen , the method comprising: (i) heating the oil sands material to between approximately 350° C. and approximately 400° C., to produce atmospheric gas oil from the bitumen, and intermediate dried oil sands material; and', '(ii) heating the intermediate dried oil sands material to between approximately 535° C. and at least approximately 600° C., to produce vacuum gas oil and coked oil sands material comprising carbon-heavy hydrocarbons and sand; and, '(a) subjecting the oil sands material to a predistillation process comprising(b) subjecting the coked oil sands material to gasification, to produce barren hot oil sands material, and syngas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide gases.2. A method according to additionally comprising:(c) refining the atmospheric gas oil to provide at least one of liquefied petroleum gas and gasoline; and(d) refining the vacuum gas oil to provide at least one of jet fuel, diesel fuel, and gas oil.3. A method according to in which the syngas is further subjected to at least one gas-to-liquid process to provide at least one of gasoline claim 1 , diesel fuel claim 1 , naphtha claim 1 , and petrochemical feedstock.4. A ...

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Номер записи: 98
26-09-2019 дата публикации

Thermochemical system and method

Номер: US20190293284A1
Автор: del Campo Bernardo
Принадлежит:

A thermochemical system & method may be configured to convert an organic feedstock to various products. A thermochemical system may include a solid material feed module, a reactor module, an afterburner module, and a solid product finishing module. The various operational parameters (temperature, pressure, etc.) of the various modules may vary depending on the desired products. The product streams may be gaseous, vaporous, liquid, and/or solid. 1. A thermochemical system comprising:a. an organic material feed module comprising a feed module conveying member providing motive force to move an organic feedstock from said solid material feed module; i. a reactor vessel positioned within a vessel shroud, wherein a reactor conveying member is positioned within said reactor vessel;', 'ii. a ventilation/combustion chamber defined as a space between said reactor vessel and said vessel shroud;', 'iii. a first horizontal section defining a first zone within said reactor vessel;, 'b. a reactor module comprisingc. a chimney engaged with said reactor module, wherein said chimney is in fluid communication with a portion of said ventilation/combustion chamber; i. a solid product conveying member;', 'ii. a solid product outlet; and,, 'd. a solid product finishing module comprisinge. an external heat source positioned adjacent said solid material feed module.2. A thermochemical method comprising the steps of:a. providing an organic material to an organic material feed module of a thermochemical system, said solid material feed module comprising a feed module conveying member providing motive force to move said organic feedstock from said solid material feed module;b. providing a first portion of thermal energy to said organic material via an external heat source, wherein said external heat source is positioned adjacent said solid material feed module; i. a reactor vessel positioned within a vessel shroud, wherein a reactor conveying member is positioned within said reactor vessel, ...

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Номер записи: 99
17-09-2020 дата публикации

Apparatus for the treatment of granulated liquid slag in a horizontal furnace

Номер: US20200291313A1
Автор: Prakashkumar Narasimhamurthy
Принадлежит: Individual

Improvements to the gasifier furnace design and process method to facilitate continuous production of mainly H2, CO and granulated solid from molten liquid or the liquid slag in the presence of carbonaceous material. It is a method of quenching molten liquid and cooling post quenched hot granulated solid which is done within a long horizontal reaction chamber space of the furnace in the presence of C and H2O. A moving layer of continuously gas cooled granulated solid protects the moving floor underneath by substantially reducing the possibility of heat transfer from the horizontal reaction chamber to such moving floor and its parts and preventing direct contact between the post quenched hot solid granulates and such moving floor. Such moving floor having plurality of gas passages and is disposed above a plenum that receives gas from outside source and uniformly distributes the gas to pass through all the gas passages.

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Номер записи: 100