СПОСОБ ПАРОВОГО РИФОРМИНГА УГЛЕРОДИСТОГО МАТЕРИАЛА

Изобретение может быть использовано в химической промышленности. Во вращающуюся печь парового риформинга 9, нагреваемую извне, подают входной поток углеродистого материала 1. В присутствии воды или пара нагревают углеродистый материал во вращающейся печи 9 до повышенной температуры риформинга около 650-1100°С. Затем углеродистый материал подвергают полной переработке посредством реакции парового риформинга с получением синтез-газа и минимального количества инертного твердого шлака. Изобретение позволяет осуществить паровой риформинг обуглившегося вещества, а также обеспечить заданный уровень переработки. 5 н. и 9 з.п. ф-лы, 5 ил.

СПОСОБ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ УСТРОЙСТВОМ ДЛЯ ВЫРАБОТКИ ЭЛЕКТРОЭНЕРГИИ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ В СООТВЕТСТВИИ С ДАННЫМ СПОСОБОМ

Изобретения относятся к способу управления устройством для выработки электроэнергии из биомассы, установке для выработки электроэнергии и могут быть использованы в энергетике. Устройство для выработки электроэнергии содержит газогенератор (1) шахтного типа с восходящим потоком и с фиксированным слоем для биомассы, в котором образуется топливный газ, приводящий в действие газовый двигатель (5). Сверху в газогенератор загружают сырье для газификации, снизу подают агент газификации. Газовый двигатель (5) приводит в действие электрогенератор (6). Топливный газ подают непосредственно из газогенератора (1) в газовый двигатель (5) без использования газгольдера и регулируют образование топливного газа в газогенераторе (1) для поддержания постоянного количества вырабатываемой электроэнергии. Вырабатываемую энергию регулируют посредством управления положением газового вентиля, установленного между газогенератором (1) и газовым двигателем (5). Регулируют вентилятор (9), установленный между газогенератором ...

ОБЪЕДИНЕННАЯ СИСТЕМА ПРЯМОГО ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЯ ЖЕЛЕЗА

Изобретение относится к области металлургии, в частности к получению железа. Система для получения железа прямым восстановлением объединена с турбинным генератором энергии и предпочтительно криогенной установкой разделения воздуха, в которой отходящий газ от прямого восстановления приводит в действие турбину, а кислород из установки разделения воздуха используют для выработки синтез-газа для прямого восстановления. Азот из установки разделения воздуха уменьшает образование NOx и повышает выработку энергии в турбине. Техническим результатом изобретения является то, что его можно эффективно эксплуатировать в любом географическом месте независимо от наличия там внешних источников электроэнергии. 2 с. и 6 з.п. ф-лы, 5 ил.

АВТОТЕРМИЧЕСКИЙ СПОСОБ НЕПРЕРЫВНОЙ ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ СУБСТАНЦИЙ С ВЫСОКИМ СОДЕРЖАНИЕМ УГЛЕРОДА

Изобретение относится к утилизации субстанций с высоким содержанием углерода - углеродсодержащих опасных отходов, например битума, остатков синтетических материалов, легких фракций от шредера, загрязненных остатков древесины, загрязненного маслом грунта. Автотермический способ непрерывной газификации субстанций (14) с высоким содержанием углерода проводят в вертикальной рабочей камере (100), выполненной в форме вертикальной шахтной печи, с зоной (С) обжига и зоной (D) окисления кислородосодержащим газом. Газообразные продукты реакции отводят на верхней стороне вертикальной рабочей камеры (100) и в зоне (G) подвергают повторной обработке в присутствии водяного пара при температуре от 500 до 1000°С. Сыпучий материал (13), который сам не окисляется, поступает непрерывно сверху вниз вертикальной рабочей камеры (100). Перед входом (3) к сыпучему материалу (13) добавляют субстанции (14) с высоким содержанием углерода. Кислородосодержащий газ вводят, по меньшей мере частично, под зоной (D) окисления ...

СПОСОБ ОЧИСТКИ ГАЗОВ, ПОЛУЧЕННЫХ ИЗ УСТАНОВКИ ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ

... 1. Способ очистки газов, полученных из установки газификации, где топливо газифицируют с получением неочищенного синтез-газа, содержащего монооксид углерода и пар, в присутствии содержащего кальций соединения и пара, галогенсодержащие соединения удаляются из неочищенного синтез-газа, который направляют на стадию конверсии водяного газа, заключающуюся в каталитической конверсии монооксида углерода и пара, содержащихся в неочищенном синтез-газе, в диоксид углерода и водород, полученный таким образом конвертированный газ контактирует с твердым сорбентом серы, с последующим удалением очищенного конвертированного газа из твердого сорбента серы и регенерацией твердого сорбента серы, отличающийся тем, что регенерация твердого сорбента серы проводится путем пропускания потока пара через твердый сорбент серы в направлении, противоположном направлению потока конвертированного газа, при условиях, при которых образуется поток содержащего сероводород пара, и полученный таким образом поток содержащего ...

РЕАКТОР С ПСЕВДООЖИЖЕННЫМ СЛОЕМ, ИМЕЮЩИЙ ИМПУЛЬСНЫЕ МОДУЛИ ТЕПЛОПЕРЕНОСА ТИПА ТОПКИ

... 1. Реактор с псевдоожиженным слоем, выполненный для превращения углеродистого материала в получаемый газ, содержащий ! реакционный сосуд, ограничивающий пространство, выполненный для получения псевдоожижаемого углеродистого материала, причем реакционный сосуд имеет, по меньшей мере, первую часть стенки и вторую часть стенки; ! первый модуль теплопереноса, подсоединенный к реакционному сосуду, причем первый модуль теплопереноса содержит первую импульсную топку, подсоединенную к первой акустической камере, имеющей первый торец и второй торец, в котором первая импульсная топка включает в себя, по меньшей мере, одну выхлопную трубу, которая заканчивается в первой акустической камере между первым и вторым торцами; и ! первое множество трубок теплопереноса, выдающихся в указанное пространство, причем каждая трубка из указанного первого множества трубок теплопереноса находится в жидкостном контакте с акустической камерой через указанную часть стенки, в котором ! каждая трубка из указанного множества ...

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ВОДОРОДА И/ИЛИ ДРУГИХ ГАЗОВ ИЗ ОТХОДОВ СТАЛЕПЛАВИЛЬНОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА И ОТРАБОТАННОЙ ТЕПЛОТЫ

... 1. Способ получения водорода и/или других газов из отходов сталелитейного производства и отработанной теплоты, включающий стадии: ! подачи расплавленных отходов из сталелитейного предприятия, таких как расплавленный шлак, в реактор; ! контактирования расплавленного шлака с водой и/или паром в присутствии восстанавливающего агента с образованием потока водорода и/или других газов; и ! извлечение водорода и/или других газов из названного потока. ! 2. Способ по п.1, в котором названный расплавленный шлак представляет собой один из, или смесь таковых, доменного шлака, шлака от десульфуризации при производстве стали, конвертерного шлака при производстве стали, шлака от феррохромного или ферромарганцевого производства в электродуговой печи под флюсом (SAF). ! 3. Способ по п.1, в котором названная стадия контактирования включает распыления воды в названный расплавленный шлак с использованием водопроводной трубы с распылительной форсункой. ! 4. Способ по п.3, в котором температура названного расплавленного ...

Способ загрузки твердого углеродсодержащего топлива в газификатор

Способ удаления шлака,получаемого при газификации твердого углеродсодержащего топлива, и устройство для его осуществления

Festbettvergaser und Verfahren zur Vergasung von organischen Abfällen

Festbettvergaser und Verfahren zur Vergasung von organischen Abfällen

METHODE ZUM VERGASEN VON KOHLE UND/ODER KOKS.

Verfahren zum Umsetzen von kohlenstoffhaltigem Brennstoff zu einem brennbaren Produktgas

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE GASIFICATION OF WATER-CONTAINING COAL

... 1276736 Gasifying coal RHEINISCHE BRAUNKOHLENWERKE AG 20 Aug 1969 [22 Aug 1968 20 Jan 1969] 41611/69 Heading C5E A process for gasifying water-containing coal or peat comprises contacting the coal directly with a liquid metal melt, e.g. lead, in a bath and utilising the water content of the coal as gasifying agent. The water may be that in the coal as mined, e.g. as in brown coals, or that added during winning. In illustrated embodiments, the coal-water mixture is delivered by a pump to the bottom of the bath and is passed upwardly through the melt, which is circulated through an external heating device and flows in concurrent or countercurrent with the coal in the bath. Oil may be added to the coal-water mixture.

GASIFICATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL

... 1278199 Feroso-ferric oxide and hydrogen CONSOLIDATED NATURAL GAS SERVICE CO Inc 24 March 1970 14127/70 Heading C1A [Also in Division C5] In a process in which steam is reacted with a mixture of FeO and Fe to make Fe 3 O 4 (and H 2 ) the Fe and FeO are flowed downwardly through a fluidized bed 15 of carbonaceous solids in countercurrent to a stream of steam. Reaction temperatures lie in the range 1000‹ to 2000‹ F., and pressure in the range 200 to 2000 p.s.i.g. Coal or oil is delivered at 14 to the bed.

Improvements in or relating to the conversion of finely divided solid carbonaceous material into gas mixtures

... 673,648. Gasifying powdered carbonaceous material. DIRECTIE VAN DE STAATSMIJNEN IN LIMBURG. Jan. 8, 1949 (Jan. 8, 1948], No. 608/49. Class 55 (i). In gasifying fire-grained coal, coke, coal slime, sawdust, &c., preheated to about the gasification temperature, gases at a higher temperature, comprising mainly carbon dioxide and steam are introduced into the bottom of a zone with boundaries diverging upwardly into which the fuel is admitted in concurrent or counter-current flow, the velocity of the com. bustion gas at the inlet being adjusted to be less than that required to keep the larger fuel particles in suspension but to be sufficient, though progressively falling off, to carry the finest particles upwardly until gasification is completed. Fuel of grain size up to 10mm. passes from an electrically-heated dryer 3 into a preheater 9 supplied with products from a combustion chamber 5 in which gas from pipe 8 is burnt with air or oxygen, steam or carbon dioxide being added. Products from ...

Liquid metal transport gasifier

PARTIAL OXIDATION CARBON REMOVAL PROCESS

... 1523150 Synthesis gas production FOSTER WHEELER ENERGY CORP 24 Oct 1975 [25 Oct 1974] 43857/75 Heading C5E A method for the production of synthesis gas by partial oxidation of a carbonaceous fuel, e.g. a petroleum feedstock, includes the steps of (i) washing the crude gas produced by partial oxidation of the fuel with water to remove unreacted carbon, (ii) concentrating the carbon/water mixture thus produced to give a slurry of carbon in water containing approximately 5%-7% carbon and a stream of clean water, (iii) combining the slurry with a fuel oil to produce a feed stream and (iv) injecting the feed stream into the partial oxidation reactor.

TREATING SOLID FUEL

... 1508712 Treating carbonaceous particles BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE 10 March 1976 [31 March 1975] 09550/76 Heading C5G Fine coal or coke particles are treated by (1) mixing with an aqueous solution comprising (a) one or more of sodium, potassium and lithium hydroxides together with (b) one or more of the hydroxides and carbonates of calcium, magnesium and barium with a ratio of (a) to the fuel of 0À04 to 0À70 by weight, a ratio of (b) to the fuel of 0À02 to 0À03 by weight and a ratio of water to the fuel of 1 to 10 by weight and (ii) heating the resulting mixture at and elevated pressure to 150‹ to 375‹C, the pressure being at least sufficient to maintain the liquid phase, in such a manner as to improve the combustion or gasification properties of the fuel particles.

Process and system for generating synthesis gas

Process and system for conversion of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide

Process and apparatus for the indirect gasification of biomass using water vapor

A gasifier comprising vertically successive processing regions

A control system for the conversion of a carbonaceous feedstock into gas

Process for the conversion of heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks to distillates with the self-production of hydrogen

Process and system for conversion of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide

METHOD AND PLANT FOR GENERATING SYNTHESIS GAS

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE INDIRECT GASIFICATION OF BIOMASS USING WATER VAPOR

A gasifier comprising vertically successive processing regions

A control system for the conversion of a carbonaceous feedstock into gas

PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING SYNTHESIS GAS FROM BIOMASS BY CARBONIZATION

Process and apparatus for the indirect gasification of biomass using water vapor

A two-stage high-temperature preheated steam gasifier.

A gas reformulation system comprising means to optimize the effectiveness of gas conversion

Process and system for producing synthesis gas from biomas by carbonization

Process and system for generating synthesis gas

Process and system for conversion of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide

Process for the conversion of heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks to distillates with the self-production of hydrogen

Process for the conversion of heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks to distillates with the self-production of hydrogen

Process and apparatus for the production of a gas appreciably containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen starting from a raw material containing of carbon and/or a hydrocarbon.

Process and apparatus for the indirect gasification of biomass using water vapor

Process for the conversion of heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks to distillates with the self-production of hydrogen

A gas reformulation system comprising means to optimize the effectiveness of gas conversion

Process and system for producing synthesis gas from biomas by carbonization

Process and system for producing synthesis gas from biomas by carbonization

Process and system for conversion of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide

Process and system for generating synthesis gas

A control system for the conversion of a carbonaceous feedstock into gas

A gasifier comprising vertically successive processing regions

A two-stage high-temperature preheated steam gasifier.

A two-stage high-temperature preheated steam gasifier.

A gas reformulation system comprising means to optimize the effectiveness of gas conversion

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ESSENTIALLY CARBON MONOXIDE GAS AND HYDROGEN GAS CONTAINING GAS FROM KOHLEUND/ODER KOHLEWASSERSTOFFHALTIGEM RAW MATERIAL OF MEANS OF A PLASMA GENERATOR

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF METHANOL USING THE BIOMASS MATERIAL

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF LIQUID FUELS FROM CELEBRATIONS HYDROCARBON MATERIALS USED

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF RENEWABLE BRENNUND FUELS

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN

VERFAHREN ZUM AUFBEREITEN VON ALTERNATIVEN, KOHLENSTOFFHALTIGEN, NIEDERKALORISCHEN ABFALLSTOFFEN FÜR DEN EINSATZ IN FEUERUNGSANLAGEN

In a method for preparing alternative, low-caloric hydrocarbon waste materials for use in furnace systems, in particular rotary kilns, for producing clinker, the alternative hydrocarbon fuels undergo high-temperature gasification under anoxic conditions at temperatures of greater than 1000° C, wherein water, steam or CO2 is injected in order to guarantee reaction to form CO and H2. The waste heat from a clinker cooler is used for the high-temperature gasification.

PROCEDURES FOR FORGOT FROM COAL AND FAR TREATING OF THE PRODUCT GAS.

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A COMBUSTIBLE GAS MIXTURE.

REACTOR FOR GASIFICATION OF COAL

STEAM REFORMING PROCESS AND APPARATUS

A method for producing coal gas

Fluid bed reactor having a pulse combustor-type heat transfer module

CLEAN FUEL GAS MADE BY THE GASIFICATION OF COAL

Gas generator for gasifying solid granular fuels by applying pressure

Disclosed is a gas generator (1) for gasifying solid granular fuels into combustible gaseous compounds used for producing syngas or H-compatible crude gas. In said gas generator (1), afluidized bed (4) formed from the fuels travels through a closed reaction vessel comprising a lock (3) that is mounted at the top and is used for continuously transferring the fuels inward, and a closure which is mounted below the funnel-shaped constriction of the bottom (14) and is used for transferring the formed ashes out into an ash lock (16). A rotary grate (11), through which the gasification medium can be introduced into the fluidized bed from below and through which the formed ashes can be discharged into the ash lock via the funnel-shaped constriction and an adjacent pipe section (15), is disposed above the funnel-shaped constriction of the bottom. In order to be able to continuously operate the rotary grate, a slide (19) for bulk material is incorporated into the pipe section.

Steam pyrolysis as a process to enhance the hydro-gasification of carbonaceous materials

Systems and methods for solar-thermal gasification of biomass

A method, apparatus, and system for a solar-driven chemical plant that may include a solar thermal receiver having a cavity with an inner wall, where the solar thermal receiver is aligned to absorb concentrated solar energy from one or more of 1 ) an array of heliostats, 2) solar concentrating dishes, and 3) any combination of the two. Some embodiments may include a solar-driven chemical reactor having multiple reactor tubes located inside the cavity of solar thermal receiver, wherein a chemical reaction driven by radiant heat occurs in the multiple reactor tubes, and wherein particles of biomass are gasified in the presence of a steam (H2O) carrier gas and methane (CH4) in a simultaneous steam reformation and steam biomass gasification reaction to produce reaction products that include hydrogen and carbon monoxide gas using the solar thermal energy from the absorbed concentrated solar energy in the multiple reactor tubes.

Process for gasification of low rank carbonaceous material

Process and system for coupling pressurized pyrolysis of biomasses

Provided is a process for the coupling pressurized pyrolysis of biomasses, which pyrolyses the biomasses using microwaves coupled with plasmas, and treats the carbon residues after the pyrolysis using plasmas. The method has a high efficiency, and a high carbon conversion. The synthetic gas has a good quality and the volume of the effective gas reaches above 90%. Also provided is a pyrolyzing furnace for the above-mentioned pyrolysis process, which includes a pyrolysis furnace (2), a feeding system, a cyclone separator (4). The lower part of the pyrolyzing furnace is provided with multiple microwave inlets (12) and a plasma torch (13) interface, and the bottom thereof is provided with a slag storage pool. Both the microwave inlets (12) and the plasma torch (13) interface of the pyrolyzing furnace are distributed in multiple layers with each layer being placed at a uniform distance. The plasma torch (13) interface is placed below the microwave inlets (12) and above the level of the liquid ...

Method for gasification of carbon-containing materials by thermal decomposition of methane and conversion of carbon dioxide

The present invention relates to a method for gasification of carbon-containing materials, and more specifically, to a method for gasification of carbon-containing materials which allows an increase in carbon efficiency and a reduction in carbon dioxide emission, comprising the steps of: gasification of carbon-containing materials to methane; thermal decomposition of CH ...

FLUID-WALL REACTORS

MULTI-HYDROTORTING OF COAL

GASIFICATION OF COAL

RETORTING AND GASIFICATION OF SOLID CARBONACEK

Method for producing renewable combustible substances and fuels

TREATING SOLID FUELS

FLUID-WALL REACTORS

PROCESS FOR REFORMING INFLAMMABLE GAS, APPARATUS FOR REFORMING INFLAMMABLE GAS AND GASIFICATION APPARATUS

A process for reforming an inflammable gas wherein a combustible material is gasified in a gasification unit (11), a formed gas (GA) is reformed in a gas reforming unit (12) using a catalyst to produce a product gas (GB), and a catalyst (CA') deteriorated in the gas reforming unit (12) is regenerated in a catalyst regenerating unit (13), characterized in that the waste heat (Tp) produced in the process is utilized as a heat for regenerating a catalyst in the catalyst regenerating unit(13); an apparatus for practicing the process; and a gasification unit for use in the process. The combustible materials which can be treated by the process include coal, biomass, domestic wastes, industrial wastes, RDF (refuse derived fuel) and waste plastics.

REACTION CHAMBER USED IN A COAL GASIFICATION PROCESS

METHOD OF RECOVERING HYDROGEN FROM ORGANIC WASTE

A method of recovering hydrogen, comprising heating organic waste at 500 to 600~C in nonoxidative atmosphere, mixing gas resulting from thermal decomposition with steam at 900 to 1000~C and purifying the thus obtained reformed gas to thereby recover hydrogen. This method enables effective utilization of energy and gas obtained from organic waste materials, for example, thined wood, driftwood, waste wood, waste plastic, garbage, polluted sludge, mown grass, paper-making sludge, etc.

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE ENTRAINED-FLOW GASIFICATION OF SOLID FUELS UNDER PRESSURE

The invention relates to a gasification reactor (1) and associated method for the entrained-flow gasification of solid fuels under pressure. The reac tor essentially consists of a pressure vessel (4) that can be cooled and an inner jacket (7) that is equipped with a heat shield. At least one crude gas outflow (8) is located at the upper end of the cylindrical pressure vessel and at least one bottoms withdrawal outlet (30) is located at the lower end, the pressure vessel having at least enough space for a moving bed (13), an entrained flow (11) that circulates internally above the surface of the movi ng bed and a buffer zone (3) situated above said entrained bed. Feed connect ions for the solid fuels (15) and gasification agent nozzles for the supply of first gasification agents (16) are situated at a height of between approx imately 1 and 3 metres above the surface of the moving bed, said gasificatio n agent nozzles being designed to inject the first gasification agents into the entrained ...

PETROLEUM PRODUCTS FROM OIL SHALE

A system for producing petroleum products (12) from oil shale (32) includes a kiln line (72,152) of plural series-connected, substantially horizontally-disposed kilns (90,94,104,170,180). Crushed oil shale (36) is advanced through kilns (90,94,104,170,180) in succession and exhausted from the kiln line (72,152) substantially freed of hydrocarbons. A heat extraction unit (80) recovers heat (82) from hot spent shale (78). Successive kilns (90,94,104,170,180) along the advancement of crushed oil shale (36) are maintained at successively higher temperatures (T94, T94, T1O4, T17O, T180). Pyrolysis is indirectly-driven using kiln- surrounding roasting jackets (96,106,182), A fuel distinct from hydrocarbons in oil shale(32), such as natural gas (132), syngas (54) from a gasifier (48), or hydrogen gas (62) from a separator (60) provides heat. These combustible gasses are burned in roasting jackets (96,106,182) or converted by a burner (134) into hot flue gas (136) that passes through roasting jackets ...

METHOD FOR THE PYROLYSIS AND GASIFICATION OF BIOMASSES BY MEANS OF THERMOCHEMICAL CONVERSION

L'invention concerne un procédé d'extraction de dioxyde de carbone de l'atmosphère, par une conversion thermochimique de biomasses, en tant que vecteur intermédiaire naturel de stockage du dioxyde de carbone,, une capture du dioxyde de carbone étant effectuée par un cycle thermochimique (3) comportant un réacteur de combustion (8) et une chambre d'oxydation (9) interconnectées, et dans lequel circulent des oxydes métalliques qui sont alternativement oxydés et réduits et qui assurent l'apport d'oxygène pour ladite combustion, cette conversion thermochimique étant réalisée au moyen d'un réacteur de pyrolyse (2) et dudit cycle thermochimique (3). Selon l'invention, ladite pyrolyse est précédée d'un séchage (1) des biomasses effectué par des fumées en air appauvri (13) sortant de ladite chambre d'oxydation (9) dudit cycle thermochimique.

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCTION OF A CLEAN HOT GAS BASED ON SOLID FUELS

Solid fuel can be converted into a clean hot flue gas with a low content of volatile organic compounds (VOC's), NOx and dust, and clean ash with a low carbon content by means of a stage-divided thermal reactor, where the conversion process of the solid fuel is in separate vertical stages (from below and up): ash burn-out, char oxidation and gasification, pyrolysis, drying, and a gas combustion stage where gas from the gasifier is combusted.

APPARATUS TO CONVEY MATERIAL TO A PRESSURIZED VESSEL AND METHOD FOR THE SAME

The present invention relates to an improved apparatus and method for conveying fibrous, solid and slurry materials, such as granulated wood, rice hulls, chopped cane and the like, to a pressurized vessel, wherein the material being conveyed is compacted in the feeder in a controlled manner to create a seal at the feeder exit into the pressurized vessel whereby the processing pressure in the vessel is maintained. The invention is particularly useful when used in conjunction with a biomass reactor for the production of gas selectively rich in hydrogen and carbon containing components, such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and methane, which in turn, may be converted into a select end product fuel, such as methanol or ethanol or used as a feed gas for an industrial power plant, such a the biomass reactor for producing gas.

CONVERSION OF SYNTHESIS GAS TO HYDROCARBON MIXTURES UTILIZING DUAL REACTORS

HYDROTHERMAL ALKALI METAL RECOVERY PROCESS

PRODUCTION OF SYNTHETIC TRANSPORTATION FUELS FROM CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS USING SELF-SUSTAINED HYDRO-GASIFICATION

A process and apparatus for producing a synthesis gas for use as a gaseous fuel or as feed into a Fischer-Tropsch reactor to produce a liquid fuel in a substantially self-sustaining process. A slurry of particles of carbonaceous material in water, and hydrogen from an internal source, are fed into a hydro- gasification reactor under conditions whereby methane rich producer gases are generated and fed into a steam pyrolytic reformer under conditions whereby synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide are generated. A portion of the hydrogen generated by the steam pyrolytic reformer is fed through a hydrogen purification filter into the hydro-gasification reactor, the hydrogen therefrom constituting the hydrogen from an internal source. The remaining synthesis gas generated by the steam pyrolytic reformer is either used as fuel for a gaseous fueled engine to produce electricity and/or process heat or is fed into a Fischer-Tropsch reactor under conditions whereby a liquid fuel is ...

COAL GASIFICATION PROCESS

METHOD FOR CONVERTING CARBON - CONTAINING RAW MATERIAL INTO A COMBUSTIBLE PRODUCT GAS

DRAIN AND SAMPLING VALVE ASSEMBLY FOR A FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR

FIXED BED GASIFIER

The invention relates to a fixed bed gasifier (1) functioning with a fixed bed that is penetrated by air and/or vapor in a countercurrent. In comparison to the resulting pyrolysis coke, the actual pyrolysis zone is so thin that the material dwell time in said pyrolysis zone is only a few minutes while the dwell time of the pyrolysis coke in the pyrolysis coke layer can last for several hours. The pyrolysis is carried out allothermically, whereby a highly energetic, low-dust and low-tar gas is obtained. Process control can be reliably automatised. The reaction and pyrolysis gases are escaped through the heating chamber (3), thereby eliminating the last tar components.

ARRANGEMENT AND METHOD FOR PREPARING A GAS

The invention relates to an arrangement for preparing a gas (G) in a closable reactor (3) by supplying said reactor with carbon-based biomass or chopped wood material, such as chips, in substantially oxygen-free conditions, by allowing the biomass or wood material to gasify at a high temperature, and by recovering the gas (G) generated in a gasification reaction (R). In that the arrangement - the reactor (3) has its interior (30) defined by a feed pipe whose inlet end is closable with a shut-off valve (24), especially with a ball valve, and whose outlet end adjoins a heatable gasification dome (36), - biomass or chopped wood material is delivered from the feed pipe's inlet end into the reactor's (3) interior, - the reactor's interior (30) is supplied with free water/water vapor in its supercritical state, which is optionally prepared catalytically by splitting water/water vapor (V), - the biomass or wood material is conveyed into a gasification space (30; 31) of the reactor's interior, ...

CONVERSION OF SOLID FUELS TO FLUID FUELS

GAS-GAS QUENCH COOLING AND SOLIDS SEPARATION

A SYSTEM FOR THE CONVERSION OF CARBONACEOUS FEEDSTOCKS TO A GAS OF A SPECIFIED COMPOSITION

... ²²²The present invention provides a carbonaceous feedstock gasification system ²with integrated control subsystem. The system generally comprises, in various ²combinations, a gasification reactor vessel (or converter) having one or more ²processing zones and one or more plasma heat sources, a solid residue handling ²subsystem, a gas quality conditioning subsystem, as well as an integrated ²control subsystem for managing the overall energetics of the conversion of the ²carbonaceous feedstock to energy, as well as maintaining all aspects of the ²gasification processes at an optimal set point. The gasification system may ²also optionally comprise a heat recovery subsystem and/or a product gas ²regulating subsystem.² ...

Method for Producing Ethanol

A method for producing ethanol by which ethanol can be synthesized from less fermentable biomass materials such as plant-derived materials and rice straws and industrial waste biomass materials such as wooden building materials and pulp and which can therefore broaden the range of raw materials for the production of ethanol. Specifically, a method for producing ethanol including reacting a raw material gas obtained by a thermochemical gasification reaction of biomass in the presence of a catalyst containing rhodium, at least one transition metal, and at least one element selected from lithium, magnesium and zinc.

Commingled Coal and Biomass Slurries

An energy efficient process for converting biomass into a higher carbon content, high energy density slurry. Water and biomass are mixed at a temperature and under a pressure that are much lower than in prior processes, but under a non-oxidative gas, which enables a stable slurry to be obtained containing up to 60% solids by weight, 20-40% carbon by weight, in the slurry. The temperature is nominally about 200° C. under non-oxidative gas pressure of about 150 psi, conditions that are substantially less stringent than those required by the prior art. In another embodiment, the biomass water slurry can be mixed with a coal water slurry to further optimize the carbon content and pumpability of the biomass shiny.

Tunable catalytic gasifiers and related methods

The present disclosure provides tunable catalytic gasifier systems suitable for gasifying coal, biomass, and other fuel sources. The gasifier reactors of the disclosed systems may be heated by, e.g., a catalytic tube or other jacket that generates heat by catalytically combusting syngas, which syngas may be syngas produced by the gasifier system.

System for recycling captured agglomerated diesel soot and related method

A method of recycling captured agglomerated soot captured by and collected from a diesel emission control after-treatment (DECAT) system, the method comprising collecting captured agglomerated diesel soot (CADS) as a feedstock, loading the CADS into a controlled thermochemical conversion (TCC) process reactor, employing time-phased heat and pressure in the controlled TCC process reactor until the CADS sufficiently decompose to reclaim solids, liquid fuels and gases, piping pyrolysis oils (tars) and vapors produced in the controlled TCC process reactor to chambers, cooling and condensing the pyrolysis oils and vapors into a liquid form, and recirculating a pyrolysis gas produced in the controlled TCC process reactor for use as a source of heat and power.

Fuel gasification system

A fuel gasification system including a gasification furnace including a fluidized bed formed by fluidizing reactant gas for gasifying fuel charged into gasification gas and flammable solid content, a combustion furnace for combustion of the flammable solid content into which the flammable solid content produced in the furnace is introduced together with bed material and that includes a fluidized bed formed by fluidizing reactant gas, a material separator such as hot cyclone that separates bed material from exhaust gas introduced from the combustion furnace, the separated bed material being fed through a downcomer to the gasification furnace, and a tar decomposing mechanism that heats the gasification gas produced in the furnace to decompose tar contained in the gasification gas.

Process for the conversion of natural gas to acetylene and liquid fuels with externally derived hydrogen

A process for converting natural gas from which contaminants have been sufficiently removed to acetylene includes heating the purified gas through a selected range of temperature for adequate time or combustion of the purified gas at adequate temperature within a suitable environment during an adequate reaction time to convert a fraction of the gas stream to acetylene, wherein the acetylene is directed for other processes, reactions, and uses. A process for converting natural gas to liquid hydrocarbons by combusting externally derived hydrogen for heating natural gas to a selected range of temperature. A process for converting natural gas to liquid hydrocarbons by reacting conversion products with externally derived hydrogen to form olefins comprising ethylene, and catalytically forming liquid hydrocarbons from the olefins comprising ethylene.

Method of gasifying carbonaceous material and a gasification system

A method of gasifying carbonaceous material is described. The method comprises a first step of pyrolysing and partially gasifying the carbonaceous material to produce volatiles and char. The volatiles and the char are then separated and, subsequently, the char is gasified and the volatiles are reformed. The raw product gas is then finally cleaned with char or char-supported catalysts or other catalysts.

Cyclonic reactor with non-equilibrium gliding discharge and plasma process for reforming of solid hydrocarbons

A reactor for reforming a hydrocarbon, and associated processes and systems, are described herein. In one example, a reactor is provided that is configured to use non-equilibrium gliding arc discharge plasma. In another example, the reactor uses a vortex flow pattern. Two stages of reforming are described. In a first stage, the hydrocarbon absorbs heat from the wall of the reactor and combusts to form carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and water. In a second stage, a gliding arc discharge is use to form syngas, which is a mixture of hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide. The heat generated by the combustion of the first stage transfers to the wall of the reactor and heated products of the second stage mix with incoming hydrocarbon to provide for partial recuperation of the reaction energy.

Arrangement and method for preparing a gas

The invention relates to an arrangement for preparing a gas in a closable reactor by supplying the reactor with carbon-based biomass or chopped wood material, such as chips, in substantially oxygen-free conditions, by allowing the biomass or wood material to gasify at a high temperature, and by recovering the gas generated in a gasification reaction. In that the arrangement the reactor has its interior defined by a feed pipe whose inlet end is closable with a shut-off valve, especially with a ball valve, and whose outlet end adjoins a heatable gasification dome, biomass or chopped wood material is delivered from the feed pipe's inlet end into the reactor's interior, the reactor's interior is supplied with free water/water vapor in its supercritical state, which is optionally prepared catalytically by splitting water/water vapor, the biomass or wood material is conveyed into a gasification space of the reactor's interior, which is in connection with the heated gasification dome and which is adapted to have existing conditions selected in a manner such that the water present in said gasification space is present in its supercritical state, and the gas generated in the gasification reaction is recovered. 13. An arrangement for preparing a gas (G) in a closable reactor () by supplying said reactor with carbon-based biomass or chopped wood material , such as chips , in substantially oxygen-free conditions , by allowing the biomass or wood material to gasify at a high temperature , and by recovering the gas (G) generated in a gasification reaction (R) , wherein{'b': 3', '30', '24', '36, 'the reactor () has its interior () defined by a feed pipe whose inlet end is closable with a shut-off valve (), especially with a ball valve, and whose outlet end adjoins a heatable gasification dome (),'}{'b': '3', "biomass or chopped wood material is delivered from the feed pipe's inlet end into the reactor's () interior,"}{'b': '30', "the reactor's interior () is supplied with free ...

Method for Producing Hydrogen and/or Other Gases from Steel Plant Wastes and Waste Heat

A method for producing hydrogen and/or other gases from steel plant wastes and waste heat is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of providing molten waste from steel plant like molten slag in a reactor. The molten slag is contacted with water and/or steam in the presence of a reducing agent to form a stream of hydrogen and/or other gases. The hydrogen and/or other gases can then be extracted from the stream of gases from the reactor. 1. A method for producing hydrogen and/or other gases from steel plant wastes and waste heat , comprising the steps of:providing molten slag that is a waste product from a steelmaking process in a reactor that is separate from the steelmaking process;contacting the molten slag with water and/or steam in the presence of a reducing agent to form a stream of gases including hydrogen gas; andseparating hydrogen gas from said stream,wherein a flux is added to the molten slag and reducing agent for promoting the formation of hydrogen.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the molten slag comprises blast furnace slag claim 1 , desulphurization slag of steelmaking claim 1 , converter slag of steelmaking claim 1 , ferrochrome or ferromanganese slag in submerged arc furnace (SAF) claim 1 , or a mixture thereof.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein contacting the molten slag with water and/or steam comprises spraying water into the molten slag using a water line with a spray nozzle.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the temperature of the molten slag when contacted with water and/or steam is greater than 1250° C.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein contacting the molten slag with water and/or steam comprises injecting steam into the molten slag using a lance.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein contacting the molten slag with water and/or steam comprises injecting the reducing agent along with the water and/or steam into the molten slag.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said stream of gases includes carbon monoxide gas claim 1 , and further comprising ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR AN INDIRECT RADIATION DRIVEN GASIFIER REACTOR AND RECEIVER CONFIGURATION

A method, apparatus, and system for a solar-driven chemical plant are disclosed. Some embodiments may include a solar thermal receiver to absorb concentrated solar energy from an array of heliostats and a solar-driven chemical reactor. This chemical reactor may have multiple reactor tubes, in which particles of biomass may be gasified in the presence of a carrier gas in a gasification reaction to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide products. High heat transfer rates of the walls and tubes may allow the particles of biomass to achieve a high enough temperature necessary for substantial tar destruction and complete gasification of greater than 90 percent of the biomass particles into reaction products including hydrogen and carbon monoxide gas in a very short residence time between a range of 0.01 and 5 seconds. 117-. (canceled)18. An apparatus , comprising:a thermal receiver having inner walls that form a cavity space inside the thermal receiver;a chemical reactor that has one or more reactor tubes located inside the cavity space of the thermal receiver, where in the one or more reactor tubes a chemical reaction driven by radiant heat is configured to occur, wherein the chemical reaction includes one or more of biomass gasification, steam methane reforming, methane cracking, steam methane cracking to produce ethylene, metals refining, and CO2 or H2O splitting to be conducted in this chemical reactor using the radiant heat;a source of inert particles that are inert to the chemical reaction that includes one or more of biomass gasification, steam methane reforming, methane cracking, steam methane cracking to produce ethylene, metals refining, and CO2 or H2O splitting to be conducted in this chemical reactor using the radiant heat, where the source of inert particles couples to the one or more feed lines to add the inert particles to the chemical reactor;one or more feed lines coupled to the chemical reactor to add the inert particles for radiation absorption and re- ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING LIQUID HYDROCARBON FUELS

A method of converting carbon containing compounds such as coal, methane or other hydrocarbons into a liquid hydrocarbon fuel utilizes a high pressure, high temperature reactor which operates upon a blend of a carbon compound including COand a carbon source, a catalyst, and steam. Microwave power is directed into the reactor. The catalyst, preferably magnetite, will act as a heating media for the microwave power and the temperature of the reactor will rise to a level to efficiently convert the carbon and steam into hydrogen and carbon monoxide. 115-. (canceled)16. A method for simultaneously consuming carbon dioxide and generating petroleum products , the method comprising:(a) introducing particles of a catalytic material, absorbent of microwave energy, into a higher-temperature portion of a reaction vessel;(b) introducing coal particles into the higher-temperature portion of the reaction vessel;(c) introducing steam into the higher-temperature portion of the reaction vessel;(d) introducing carbon dioxide into the higher-temperature portion of the reaction vessel;(e) irradiating the higher-temperature portion of the reaction vessel with microwave energy absorbed by the catalytic material in the reactor so as to heat the catalytic material and drive an endothermic reaction of the coal and the steam, catalyzed by the catalytic material, that produces hydrogen and carbon monoxide, wherein (i) at least a portion of the hydrogen reacts with the carbon dioxide to produce water and carbon monoxide and (ii) at least a portion of the hydrogen undergoes exothermic reactions with the carbon monoxide, catalyzed by the catalytic material, to produce multiple petroleum products;(f) cooling a lower-temperature portion of the reaction vessel, thereby establishing a temperature gradient within the reaction vessel wherein the irradiated higher-temperature portion of the reaction vessel exhibits a higher temperature than the cooled lower-temperature portion of the reaction vessel, ...

Combined Hydrothermal Liquefaction and Catalytic Hydrothermal Gasification System and Process for Conversion of Biomass Feedstocks

A combined hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) and catalytic hydrothermal gasification (CHG) system and process are described that convert various biomass-containing sources into separable bio-oils and aqueous effluents that contain residual organics. Bio-oils may be converted to useful bio-based fuels and other chemical feedstocks. Residual organics in HTL aqueous effluents may be gasified and converted into medium-BTU product gases and directly used for process heating or to provide energy. 119-. (canceled)20. A continuous biomass conversion process , comprising the steps of:providing a biomass conversion product comprising a bio oil fraction and an aqueous fraction, wherein each fraction is separable from the other fraction;without the aid of gravitational separation, continuously separating the bio oil fraction from the aqueous fraction; andconverting at least a portion of the aqueous fraction to a product gas containing a fuel gas.21. The process of claim 20 , wherein prior to continuously separating the bio oil fraction from the aqueous fraction claim 20 , further comprising removing solids from the biomass conversion product.22. The process of claim 20 , further comprising combusting the product gas to generate power.23. The process of claim 20 , wherein the product gas comprises one or more of methane claim 20 , hydrocarbons with a carbon number greater than that of methane claim 20 , and carbon dioxide claim 20 , wherein the product gas optionally comprises less than 5% hydrogen by weight.24. A continuous biomass conversion process claim 20 , comprising the steps of:providing a biomass conversion product comprising a bio oil fraction and an aqueous fraction, wherein each fraction is separable from the other fraction;using centrifugal force, continuously separating the bio oil fraction from the aqueous fraction; andconverting at least a portion of the aqueous fraction to a product gas containing a fuel gas.25. The process of claim 24 , wherein the separation is ...

INCLINED ROTARY GASIFIER WASTE TO ENERGY SYSTEM

A gasifier system includes a reactor for receiving a wet feedstock which has a base and a container rotatably connected to the base such that a rotation of the container causes a mixing of the feedstock in an interior of the reactor. The interior is bounded by the base and the container. A space between the base and the container allows an entry of oxygen into the interior. The space has a dimension such that the feedstock is fully oxidized in a combustion area adjacent the base and such that the feedstock avoids combustion in a remainder of the interior. The reactor has a longitudinal axis inclined at an inclination angle relative to a horizontal line to promote the mixing of the feedstock in the interior. 1. A gasifier system comprising:a reactor for receiving a wet feedstock, said reactor comprising a base and a container rotatably connected to said base such that a rotation of said container causes mixing of the feedstock in an interior of the reactor, the interior bounded by said base and said container;a space between said base and said container to allow an entry of oxygen into said interior, said space having a dimension such that the feedstock is fully oxidized in a combustion area adjacent said base and such that the feedstock avoids combustion in a remainder of said interior; andsaid reactor having a longitudinal axis inclined at an inclination angle relative to a horizontal line to promote the mixing of the feedstock in the interior.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein said base comprises a self-locating floating plate configured to retain combusting feedstock within the rotating reactor.322. The system of claim 2 , wherein said angle of inclination comprises an angle of greater than degrees relative to the horizontal line.4. The system of claim 1 , further comprising an outer casing having an inner surface claim 1 , said inner surface and an outer surface of said reactor bounding a temperature control cavity coupled to a source of heated gas such that a ...

System, Method, and Apparatus for Gasification of a Solid or Liquid

A system for gasification of a material includes a plasma generator interfaced to a reaction chamber. A feedstock such as pulverized coal is fed into a plasma jet created by the plasma generator and is gasified by the high temperatures of the plasma jet. The gas produced is then collected, filtered, and utilized, for example, in generating of electricity. Likewise, extra heat produced by the system is also used to generate electricity or other heating purposes

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING SYNTHETIC HYDROCARBONS

A method producing synthetic hydrocarbons includes producing synthesis gas. An initial step, carbon or a mixture of carbon and hydrogen is brought into contact with water at a temperature of 800-1700° C. The synthesis gas is converted into synthetic functionalised and/or non-functionalised hydrocarbons by means of a Fischer Tropsch process wherein it is brought into contact with a suitable catalyst, and wherein water in which a portion of the synthetic hydrocarbons is dissolved results as a by-product. At least a portion of the water that is produced as a by-product is supplied to the initial step. The hydrocarbons that are dissolved in the water decompose into particle-like carbon and hydrogen at the high temperature. The carbon is converted into CO in the presence of water and at a high temperature and forms a portion of the synthesis gas that is produced. In this way, a costly process for cleaning half of the water that is produced as a by-product is avoided. 111-. (canceled)12. A method for producing synthetic hydrocarbons which comprises the following steps:a) producing synthesis gas by bringing carbon or a mixture of carbon and hydrogen into contact with water at a temperature of 800-1700° C.;b) converting the synthesis gas into synthetic functionalised and/or non-functionalised hydrocarbons by means of a Fischer Tropsch process by bringing the synthesis gas into contact with a suitable catalyst, wherein water results as a by-product in which a portion of the synthetic hydrocarbons is dissolved; andc) supplying at least a portion of the water that was produced as a by-product to the step a);wherein a portion of the water that is produced as a by-product is vaporised at a temperature above the decomposing temperature of the synthetic hydrocarbons dissolved in the water; and{'b': '43', 'wherein the vapour is used for propelling a steam turbine ().'}13. The method according to claim 12 , wherein the temperature of the water claim 12 , when being supplied to the ...

PYROLYSIS PROCESSING OF SOLID WASTE FROM A WATER TREATMENT PLANT

The present invention provides methods and apparatus for treating waste, such as municipal waste via pyrolysis and yielding one or more of heat energy; electrical energy and fuel. In some embodiments, waste feed stock can be municipal waste in black bag form. In some the present invention additionally provides for processing of hundreds of tons of municipal waste each day. 1. A method of treating solid waste from a water treatment plant , the method comprising:conveying said waste from a water treatment plant comprising one or both of inorganic material and organic material into a pre-conditioner unit;exposing the organic material to an environment of saturated steam;heating the environment of saturated steam containing the organic matter to a temperature of 160° C. or more;following the exposing of the organic material to an environment of saturated steam, pyrolysizing the organic material as a result of heating of the organic material in an retort comprising multiple heat radiant tubes providing heat distribution within the retort and the retort comprising an environment depleted of oxygen and maintained at about 700° C. or more;producing synthetic gaseous by-product via the pyrolyzing of the organic material; anddischarging the synthetic gaseous by product via ports from the retort into a manifold.2. The method of additionally comprising the steps of heating said waste from the water treatment plant in said pre-conditioner unit to a temperature of between about 400° C. and 600° C. to essentially sterilize at least a majority of said waste from the water treatment plant; andfollowing sterilization of the waste from the water treatment plant, separating inorganic materials from the organic materials.3. The method of wherein the organic material comprises one or more of: cellulosic flakes claim 2 , wood and textiles.4. The method of wherein the inorganic material comprises one or both of aluminum and magnetic metals.5. The method of wherein the step of heating said ...

Methods of Converting Fuel

A method for converting fuel may include reducing at least one metal oxide in a first reactor with a fuel to produce a reduced metal or a reduced metal oxide, transporting the reduced metal or reduced metal oxide from the first reactor to a second reactor, oxidizing at least a portion of the reduced metal or reduced metal oxide from the first reactor in the second reactor to produce a metal oxide intermediate, transporting the metal oxide intermediate from the second reactor to a third reactor, removing ash, char, or unwanted materials with a separation unit from the metal oxide intermediate transported from the second reactor to the third reactor, regenerating the at least one metal oxide, and transporting the regenerated metal oxide from the third reactor to the first reactor.

Combined Hydrothermal Liquefaction and Catalytic Hydrothermal Gasification System and Process for Conversion of Biomass Feedstocks

A combined hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) and catalytic hydrothermal gasification (CHG) system and process are described that convert various biomass-containing sources into separable bio-oils and aqueous effluents that contain residual organics. Bio-oils may be converted to useful bio-based fuels and other chemical feedstocks. Residual organics in HTL aqueous effluents may be gasified and converted into medium-BTU product gases and directly used for process heating or to provide energy. 115-. (canceled)16: A system for conversion of a biomass , the system comprising:a hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) stage that hydrothermally liquefies the biomass in an aqueous medium at a temperature and pressure selected to form a conversion product comprising a separable bio-oil and an aqueous fraction containing residual organics therein; anda catalytic hydrothermal gasification (CHG) stage operatively coupled to the HTL stage configured to receive the aqueous fraction containing residual organics from the HTL stage at a selected temperature and pressure that forms a product gas containing at least one medium BTU product gas.17: The system of claim 16 , further including an upgrade stage configured to upgrade the bio-oil released from the HTL stage over a hydrogenation catalyst at a temperature up to about 450° C. and a hydrogen partial pressure up to about 150 atmospheres (1.52×104 kPa) that yields a green crude.18: The system of claim 16 , wherein the product gas when combusted generates sufficient energy such that the sum of the energy demands for conversion of the biomass feedstock to the product gas is a net positive.19: The system of claim 16 , further including one or more heat exchangers positioned to distribute heat to selected locations in the HTL stage and/or the CHG stage. This application claims priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/657,416 filed 8 Jun. 2012 entitled “Combined Hydrothermal Liquefaction and Catalytic Hydrothermal Gasification for ...

COAL CO-GASIFICATION METHOD

A coal co-gasification method, comprising the following steps: 1, fuel and a first pressurised oxygen-containing gas are injected into a gasifier, and the fuel is ignited so as to increase the temperature inside the gasifier; 2, when the temperature increase reaches a temperature capable of igniting powdered coal to be injected, injection of the fuel is stopped, injection of the first pressurised oxygen-containing gas is continued, and a pressurised carbon dioxide gas carrying the powdered coal to be injected is injected into the gasifier so as to perform powdered coal gasification; 3, once the powdered coal gasification has stabilised, coal-water slurry and an oxygen-containing gas are injected into the gasifier to perform co-gasification. The method operates stably, and overcomes cumbersome and time-consuming adjustment steps in the prior art. 1. A method for co-gasification of coal , comprising the following steps:step 1: injecting fuel and a first pressurized oxygen-containing gas into a gasifier, and igniting the fuel for temperature rise inside the gasifier;step 2: when the temperature rise reaches an extent at which pulverized coal to be injected can be ignited, stopping injecting the fuel, and maintaining injection of the first pressurized oxygen-containing gas; and injecting pressurized carbon dioxide gas carrying the pulverized coal to be injected into the gasifier for gasification of pulverized coal; andstep 3: after the gasification of the pulverized coal is stable, injecting coal water slurry and a second pressurized oxygen-containing gas into the gasifier for co-gasification.2. The method for co-gasification of coal according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 ,{'sup': 3', '3, 'in the step 2, an oxygen-coal ratio of the injected first pressurized oxygen-containing gas to the pulverized coal to be injected is within a range from 0.49 Nm/kg to 0.65 Nm/kg.'}3. The method for co-gasification of coal according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 ,{'sup': 3', '3, 'in the ...

COAL CO-GASIFICATION METHOD

A coal co-gasification method, comprising the following steps: 1, fuel and a first pressurised oxygen-containing gas are injected into a gasifier, and the fuel is ignited so as to increase the temperature inside the gasifier; 2, when the temperature increase reaches a temperature capable of igniting coal-water slurry to be injected, injection of the fuel and the first pressurised oxygen-containing gas is stopped, and the coal-water slurry and a second pressurised oxygen-containing gas are injected into the gasifier so as to perform coal-water slurry gasification; 3, once the coal-water slurry gasification has stabilised, a third pressurised oxygen-containing gas and carbon dioxide carrying powdered coal are injected into the gasifier to perform co-gasification. The method operates stably, and overcomes cumbersome and time-consuming adjustment steps in the prior art. 1. A method for co-gasification of coal , comprising the following steps:step 1: injecting fuel and a first pressurized oxygen-containing gas into a gasifier, and igniting the fuel for temperature rise inside the gasifier;step 2: when the temperature rise reaches an extent at which coal water slurry to be injected can be ignited, stopping injecting the fuel and the first pressurized oxygen-containing gas; and injecting the coal water slurry to be injected and a second pressurized oxygen-containing gas into the gasifier for gasification of the coal water slurry; andstep 3: after the gasification of the coal water slurry is stable, injecting a third second pressurized oxygen-containing gas and a pressurized carbon dioxide gas carrying pulverized coal into the gasifier for co-gasification.2. The method for co-gasification of coal according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 ,{'sup': 3', '3, 'in the step 2, an oxygen-coal ratio of the injected second pressurized oxygen-containing gas to the coal water slurry is within a range from 0.54 Nm/kg to 0.70 Nm/kg.'}3. The method for co-gasification of coal according to ...

Gasification of Torrefied Textiles and Fossil Fuels

Torrefied textiles can be gasified to produce a syngas suitable for making chemicals. Gasifying torrefied textile can generate a consistent quality of syngas and a hydrogen/carbon monoxide ratio closer to that of coal relative to gasifying textiles. A variety of chemical compounds, reactants, polymers, fibers, and textiles can now be made utilizing syngas made by gasifying torrefied textiles. 1. (canceled)2. A process of making a torrefied textile derived polymer reactant , comprising making a torrefied textile derived syngas , and reacting said torrefied textile derived syngas to make a chemical or a torrefied textile derived polymer reactant optionally through one or more torrefied textile derived chemical intermediates.374-. (canceled)75. The process of claim 2 , wherein the reaction scheme to produce the polymer reactant comprises one or more of the following reactions: (1) converting said torrefied textile derived syngas to methanol; (2) reacting said methanol to produce acetic acid; (3) reacting said methanol and/or said acetic acid to produce methyl acetate; and (4) reacting said methyl acetate and/or said methanol to produce acetic anhydride.76. The process of claim 2 , wherein the polymer reactant comprises adipic acid made by carbonylation of butadiene with a torrefied textile derived syngas.77. The process of claim 2 , wherein adipic acid is reacted to make nylon 6 claim 2 ,6.78. A process for the production of syngas comprising:a. charging an oxidant and a feedstock composition to a gasification zone within a gasifier, said feedstock composition comprising torrefied textiles, andb. gasifying the feedstock composition together with the oxidant in a gasification zone to produce a torrefied textile derived syngas composition; andc. discharging at least a portion of the torrefied textile derived syngas composition from the gasifier.79. The process of claim 78 , comprising:a. providing a first textile, andb. torrefying said textile to make a torrefied textile ...

FEED LOCATION FOR GASIFICATION OF PLASTICS AND SOLID FOSSIL FUELS

Pre-ground plastics of small particle size not more than 2 mm are co-fed into a solid fossil fuel fed entrained flow partial oxidation gasifier. A syngas composition can be made by charging an oxidant and a feedstock composition comprising recycle plastics and a solid fossil fuel to a gasification zone within a gasifier; gasifying the feedstock composition together with the oxidant in said gasification zone to produce said syngas composition; and discharging at least a portion of said syngas composition from said gasifier; wherein the recycled plastics are added to a feed point comprising a solid fossil fuel belt feeding a grinder after the solid fossil fuel is loaded on the belt, a solid fossil fuel belt feeding a grinder before the solid fossil fuel is loaded onto the belt, or a solid fossil fuel slurry storage tank containing a slurry of said solid fossil fuel ground to a size as the size fed to the gasification zone. 2. The process of claim 1 , wherein said gasifier is an entrained flow slagging gasifier.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to a solid fossil fuel grinder or to a belt containing a fossil fuel feeding the grinder.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to the solid fossil fuel in a low-pressure section that has a lower pressure that the pressure within the gasifier.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to solid fossil fuel on a feed belt.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are deposited onto a belt before solid fossil fuel is added onto the belt.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the solid fossil fuel is on top of the recycle plastics on the belt.8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to solid fossil fuel on a coal feed belt.9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to a grinding mill containing coal and water.10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to a slurry ...

PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR REACTING ORGANIC MATERIALS TO GIVE HYDROGEN GAS

A device for reacting an organic starting material to yield a gas that includes hydrogen has a feed device, a tubular furnace with an entry zone, an interior space, an axis of rotation and an exit side, and a water feed arranged by the feed device or entry zone and controllable as a function of the content of hydrogen in the gas mixture. The feed device feeds the starting material in the region of the entry zone into the interior space of the tubular furnace, from which a solid material and a gas mixture is discharged. The tubular furnace has a compensator for different thermal expansions of a first zone and a second zone. A gas-conducting system includes a gas monitor for the content of hydrogen in the gas mixture. 2. The apparatus according to wherein the compensator is arranged in a transition area between the first zone and the second zone.3. The apparatus according to and further comprising a stationary bearing claim 1 , wherein the compensator is connected to the tubular furnace and designed to slide in relation to the stationary bearing claim 1 , wherein in the event of thermally-induced expansion the compensator is configured to be displaced relative to the bearing.4. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the tubular furnace is supported in a sliding manner in the region of the entry zone and/or the exit zone in order to permit thermally-induced expansion of the tubular furnace in the direction of the axis of rotation.5. The apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising in the area of the water feed an actuator is arranged and configured to regulate the water feed by way of a control variable which is provided by the gas monitor.6. The apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising in the region of the first zone of the tubular furnace a preheating system that is configured to bring the starting material in the region of the first zone up to a temperature of between 300 degrees Celsius and 900 degrees Celsius.7. The apparatus according to ...

GASIFICATION OF PLASTICS AND SOLID FOSSIL FUELS

Pre-ground plastics of small particle size not more than 2 mm are co-fed into a solid fossil fuel fed entrained flow partial oxidation gasifier. High solids concentrations in the feedstock stream can be obtained without significant impact on the feedstock stream stability and pumpability. A consistent quality of syngas can be continuously produced, including generation of carbon dioxide and a carbon monoxide/hydrogen ratio while stably operating the gasifier and avoiding the high tar generation of fluidized bed or fixed bed waste gasifiers and without impacting the operations of the gasifier. The subsequent syngas produced from this material can be used to produce a wide range of chemicals. 19-. (canceled)10. A feedstock slurry composition comprising recycle plastics , a solid fossil fuel , and water , wherein the recycle plastics have a particle size of not more than 2 mm , and the solid fossil fuel in the feedstock composition has a particle size of less than 2 mm , the solids content in the slurry is at least 62 wt. % , the amount of recycle plastics present in the feedstock stream slurry composition is 0.1 wt. % and up to 25 wt. % based on the weight of all solids , and the water is at least 20 wt. % based on the weight of the feedstock slurry composition , and wherein either:a. the slurry is stable as determined by having an initial viscosity of 100,000 cP or less at 5 minutes using a Brookfield R/S Rheometer equipped with V80-40 vane operating at a shear rate of 1.83/s or a Brookfield viscometer with an LV-2 spindle rotating at a rate of 0.5 rpm, measured at ambient conditions; orb. the slurry is pumpable as determined by having a viscosity of less than 30,000 cP after mixing to obtain a homogeneous distribution of solids throughout the slurry and using a Brookfield R/S Rheometer equipped with V80-40 vane operating at a shear rate of 1.83/s or a Brookfield viscometer with an LV-2 spindle rotating at a rate of 0.5 measured at ambient conditions, orc. both.11. ...

Cellulosic biomass processing for hydorgen extraction

Methods are disclosed for extracting hydrogen from a biomass compound comprising carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen. The biomass may include cellulose, lignin, and/or hemicellulose. Water is combined with the compound to produce a wet form of the compound. The wet form of the compound is transferred into a reaction processing chamber. The wet form of the compound is heated within the reaction chamber such that elements of the compound dissociate and react, with one reaction product comprising hydrogen gas. The hydrogen gas is processed to generate electrical power.

COAL GASIFIER

Provided is a coal gasifier enabling a reduction in size of a shift reactor by generating hydrogen-rich gasified coal gas. In a coal gasifier (G) generating gasified coal gas by a gasification reaction proceeding in a furnace fed with a gasifiable raw material, such as coal, and a gasifying agent, at least one of water and steam is fed to the furnace as a material accelerating a hydrogen-generating reaction that proceeds simultaneously with the gasification reaction. 16-. (canceled)7. A process of generating gasified coal gas by a gasification reaction , said method comprising: feeding a gasifiable raw material including coal , and a gasifying agent , in a coal gasifier that is a two-stage entrained-bed gasifier having a combustion chamber and a reduction chamber ,wherein said feeding comprises: 'feeding, in the reduction chamber, the gasifiable raw material from outside of the furnace via a reduction chamber burner without feeding the gasifying agent, the water, and the steam.', 'feeding, in the combustion chamber, at least one of water and steam as a material accelerating a hydrogen-generating reaction proceeding together with the gasification reaction, as well as the gasifiable raw material and the gasifying agent, from outside of the furnace via a combustion chamber burner; and'}8. The process according to claim 7 , wherein an amount of the water or steam to be fed is 0.1 to 0.8 on a mass basis relative to an amount of the gasifiable raw material to be fed in the combustion chamber.9. The process according to claim 7 , further comprising cooling the gasified coal gas by a gas-cooling heat exchanger claim 7 , andwherein an amount of carbon (C) remaining in unreacted coal passing through the gas-cooling heat exchanger together with the gasified coal gas is set to 30% or more.10. The process according to claim 9 , further comprising introducing the steam to flow in a water cooling wall to cool a periphery of the coal gasifier and/or the gas-cooling heat exchanger. ...

DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FUEL GAS FROM MATERIALS OF ORGANIC AND/OR INORGANIC ORIGIN

A device for producing fuel gas from materials of organic and/or inorganic origin, comprising filling chamber connected to at least one supply auger conveyor for supplying material from the filling chamber into a reactor comprising at least two heated gasification augers. The invention consists in the fact that each horizontal row of gasification augers is formed by a gasification body, the casing of which has a closed oval cross-section formed by an upper base, a lower base, and convex side walls each with circular arc profiles, wherein each gasifying body contains at least two gasification augers arranged side by side and mutually partially separated by longitudinal partitions that form half-grooves for gasifying augers. The device is provided with at least one electrical heater. The filling chamber is hermetically sealed. 1. A device for the production of gaseous fuel from materials of organic and/or inorganic origin , including a filling chamber which is connected to at least one supply auger conveyor for supplying material from the filling chamber into a reactor which comprises at least two heated gasification augers arranged in at least two horizontal rows above each other for a serpentine passage of material from the filling chamber to an outlet of the fuel gas formed by synthesis gas from a thermochemical reaction in the gasification augers , wherein the outlet is arranged on the lowest positioned gasification auger , wherein each horizontal row of the gasification augers is formed by a gasification body , the casing of which has a closed oval cross-section formed by an upper base , a lower base and convex side walls each having a circular arc profile , wherein each gasifying body contains at least two gasification augers arranged side by side and mutually partially separated by longitudinal partitions which form half-grooves for the individual gasification augers , further , parallel to the upper base and/or to the lower base of each gasification body there ...

FUEL FEED SYSTEM FOR A GASIFIER AND METHOD OF GASIFICATION SYSTEM START-UP

A method of start-up for a gasification system includes establishing a flow of a start-up fuel external to the gasifier prior to ignition of the gasifier. The method also includes establishing a start-up liquid feed external to the gasifier during gasifier start-up. The method further includes channeling the start-up liquid feed and the start-up fuel to the gasifier during gasifier start-up. 120-. (canceled)21. A method of start-up for a gasification system including a gasifier , said method comprising:establishing a flow of a start-up fuel external to the gasifier prior to ignition of the gasifier;establishing a start-up liquid feed external to the gasifier during gasifier start-up; andchanneling the start-up mixture liquid feed and the start-up fuel to the gasifier during gasifier start-up.22. A method of start-up for a gasification system in accordance with claim 21 , wherein establishing a flow of a start-up fuel further comprises one of circulating a pneumatically-conveyed particulate fuel within a flow circuit of the gasification system and stabilizing a flow of natural gas within the gasification system.23. A method of start-up for a gasification system in accordance with claim 21 , wherein establishing a flow of a start-up fuel further comprises circulating a pneumatically-conveyed particulate fuel within a flow circuit of the gasification system claim 21 , said method further comprises replacing a quantity of a first carrier gas used in conveying the particulate fuel to the gasifier with an alternate carrier gas.24. A method of start-up for a gasification system in accordance with claim 21 , wherein establishing a flow of a start-up fuel further comprises stabilizing a flow of natural gas within the gasification system claim 21 , said method further comprises:adding a quantity of particulate fuel into the natural gas; andreplacing a quantity of natural gas used in conveying the particulate fuel to the gasifier with an alternate carrier gas.25. (canceled)26. ...

Steam Generating Slurry Gasifier for the Catalytic Gasification of a Carbonaceous Feedstock

Steam generating gasification reactors for providing high-pressure and high-temperature steam for catalytic gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock can be based on oxygen blown gasification reactors adapted for processing a slurry feedstock comprising at least 40% water. The exhaust from the slurry gasifier comprises at least steam, carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The slurry composition and the oxygen to fuel ratio can be varied to control the ratio of carbonaceous gases in the generator exhaust. By directing substantially all of exhaust gases produced from the slurry gasification reactor through the catalytic gasifier and subsequent gas separation and sequestration processes, a greatly higher energy efficiency and decreased carbon footprint can be realized. 1. A process for converting a carbonaceous material into a first plurality of gases comprising methane and one or more of hydrogen , carbon monoxide , carbon dioxide , hydrogen sulfide , ammonia and other higher hydrocarbons , the process comprising the steps of:(a) providing a gasifier apparatus comprising: (1) a fluidized bed gasifier configured to receive a catalyzed carbonaceous feedstock and a second plurality of gases comprising steam, hydrogen and carbon monoxide, and to exhaust the first plurality of gases; and [ an optional syngas conduit in communication with a syngas source and the gasifier chamber for optionally supplying a syngas to the gasifier chamber;', 'an oxygen gas conduit for supplying enriched oxygen gas as a reactant to the gasifier chamber;', 'a slurry conduit for supplying an aqueous carbonaceous slurry as a reactant to the gasifier chamber; and, 'a gasifier chamber;'}, 'a heated gas conduit for exhausting the second plurality of gases;', 'wherein the heated gas conduit of the slurry gasifier is in communication with the fluidized bed gasifier for supplying the second plurality of gases from the slurry gasifier to the fluidized bed gasifier;, '(2) a slurry gasifier configured to supply to ...

METHOD OF GASIFYING CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL AND A GASIFICATION SYSTEM

A method of gasifying carbonaceous material is described. The method comprises a first step of pyrolysing and partially gasifying the carbonaceous material to produce volatiles and char. The volatiles and the char are then separated and, subsequently, the char is gasified and the volatiles are reformed. The raw product gas is then finally cleaned with char or char-supported catalysts or other catalysts. 1. A method of gasifying a carbonaceous material , the method comprising the steps of:pyrolysing the carbonaceous material to produce volatiles and char;separating the char and the volatiles;gasifying the char;reforming the volatiles to produce a product gas; andpassing partially reformed volatiles and/or product gas through a product gas cleaning zone;wherein at least the steps of pyrolysing the carbonaceous material, gasifying the char, and reforming the volatiles to produce a product gas are performed in a vessel that has a pyrolysis zone, a char gasification zone, and a reforming zone, and that is directly coupled with the product gas cleaning zone.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the product gas cleaning zone comprises a catalyst bed.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the catalyst bed comprises a moving bed of solid catalyst.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the product gas cleaning zone comprises a plurality of catalyst beds arranged in series.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the catalyst bed comprises char claim 2 , a char-supported catalyst or ilmenite.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein claim 5 , when the catalyst bed comprises char or a char-supported catalyst claim 5 , the char or char-supported catalyst is prepared from the pyrolysis and/or partial gasification of the carbonaceous material.7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the method further comprises discharging spent char or char-supported catalyst from the catalyst bed and gasifying the spent char or char-supported catalyst.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of pyrolysing the carbonaceous ...

Methods and system for decreasing gas emissions from landfills

A method of diverting municipal solid waste (MSW) from a landfill that includes receiving, at a MSW processing system, a quantity of MSW, gasifying the quantity of MSW in a gasification unit to yield a syngas stream and biochar stream, converting at least a portion of the syngas to mixed alcohols in an alcohol synthesis unit, separating the mixed alcohols into one or more alcohol products, and determining a carbon offset for diverting the MSW from the landfill to the MSW processing system.

COAXIAL GASIFIER FOR ENHANCED HYDROGEN PRODUCTION

Embodiments of the invention are directed toward a coaxial gasifier for enhanced hydrogen production, comprising: downdraft gasifier comprising a hot zone for converting biomass to synthesis gas; and a coaxial gas converter disposed within the downdraft gasifier, the coaxial gas converter comprising a biochar inlet valve, a coaxial char tube, and a biochar and ash outlet valve. 1. A coaxial gas converter for a downdraft gasifier , the coaxial gas converter comprising:a char tube coaxially located from the top to the bottom of the gasifier;a biochar inlet valve for metering biochar into the char tube; anda biochar and ash outlet valve.2. The coaxial gas converter of claim 1 , wherein the downdraft gasifier comprises a plurality of air inlet jets to create a hot zone in a reduction bell area of the gasifier.3. The coaxial gas converter of claim 1 , wherein the downdraft gasifier comprises multiple levels of air inlet jets claim 1 , each level containing one or more air inlet jets claim 1 , thereby increasing heat transfer to the coaxial gas converter and forming an extended hot zone.4. The coaxial gas converter of claim 1 , wherein the char tube is substantially circular in cross-section.5. The coaxial gas converter of claim 1 , wherein the char tube is substantially star-shaped in cross-section.6. The coaxial gas converter of claim 1 , wherein the char tube is substantially cross-shaped in cross-section.7. The coaxial gas converter of claim 1 , wherein during operation of the downdraft gasifier claim 1 , the char tube is filled with highly reduced biochar carbon that is produced by a main chamber of the gasifier claim 1 , other gasifier claim 1 , or other char making device.8. The coaxial gas converter of claim 1 , wherein the biochar inlet valve comprises a remotely controlled ball valve.9. The coaxial gas converter of claim 1 , wherein biochar that enters the char tube builds a standing column of char in the char tube claim 1 , which extends above air inlet nozzles ...

PROCESS REACTING ORGANIC MATERIALS TO GIVE HYDROGEN GAS

A method of recovering a hydrogen-enriched gas at least 70 percent by volume hydrogen includes introducing into the feed device to a rotary furnace defining a tubular interior space, starting materials containing carbon or hydrocarbons. A mass of water being added to the starting material is regulated according to the content of hydrogen in the gas mixture leaving the rotary furnace. The tubular interior space of the rotary furnace is expanded axially to accommodate thermally expanding the starting material and water in the interior space of the rotary furnace. 1. A method of recovering a hydrogen-enriched gas from starting materials containing carbon or hydrocarbons , the method comprising the following steps:introducing into the feed device to a rotary furnace, which defines an interior space that is tubular about an axis of rotation and defines an entry zone at one end of the tubular interior space and further defines an exit side disposed downstream along the axis of rotation from the entry zone, starting materials containing carbon or hydrocarbons,conducting the starting material from the feed device into the entry zone of the tubular space of the rotary furnace;adding a mass of water to the starting material before the starting material is conducted away from the entry zone;thermally expanding the starting material and water in the interior space of the rotary furnace;discharging a gas mixture from the exit side of the rotary furnace into a gas-conducting system at the exit side of the rotary furnace;using a gas monitor disposed in the gas-conducting system to monitor the content of hydrogen in the gas mixture;regulating the mass of water being added to the starting material according to the content of hydrogen in the gas mixture in the gas-conducting system of the rotary furnace; andcollecting from the gas-conducting system a gas mixture containing at least 70 percent by volume hydrogen.2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of ...

Method and system for controlling a gasification or partial oxidation process

A method and system for controlling a fuel gasification system includes optimizing a conversion of solid components in the fuel to gaseous fuel components, controlling the flux of solids entrained in the product gas through equipment downstream of the gasifier, and maximizing the overall efficiencies of processes utilizing gasification. A combination of models, when utilized together, can be integrated with existing plant control systems and operating procedures and employed to develop new control systems and operating procedures. Such an approach is further applicable to gasification systems that utilize both dry feed and slurry feed.

PROCESS FOR PREPARING LINEAR BUTENES FROM METHANOL

The invention relates to a method for producing linear butenes from methanol. The problem addressed is that of specifying such a method in which the methanol used is converted, to the largest possible extent, into butenes. The problem is solved by combining a methanol-to-propylene process with a metathesis reaction by means of which the propene obtained from the methanol is converted into linear butenes. 1. Process for preparing linear butenes from methanol , which comprises the following steps:a) provision of methanol;b) reaction of the provided methanol in a first reaction stage to give a first reaction mixture containing dimethyl ether, water and possibly unreacted methanol;c) reaction of dimethyl ether in a second reaction stage to give a second reaction mixture containing propene and also further hydrocarbons having two, four and five carbon atoms, where the second reaction stage is at least partly supplied with the first reaction mixture;d) work-up of the second reaction mixture to give a propene-rich fraction and at least one low-propene fraction, where the low-propene fraction is at least partly recirculated to the second reaction stage;e) reaction of propene in a third reaction stage to give a third reaction mixture containing ethene and linear butenes selected from the group consisting of 1-butene, cis-2-butene, trans-2-butene, where the third reaction stage is supplied at least partly with or from the propene-rich fraction;f) work-up of the third reaction mixture to give a target fraction rich in linear butenes and an ethene-rich fraction.2. Process according to in which the propene-rich fraction contains propane claim 1 , characterized in that the reaction in the third reaction stage occurs in the presence of propane and in that a propane-rich fraction is isolated during the course of the work-up of the third reaction mixture.3. Process according to in which the propene-rich fraction is low in propane claim 1 , characterized in that the reaction in the ...

FUEL PRODUCTION SYSTEM

A fuel production system includes a gasification unit including a gasification furnace that gasifies biomass feedstock to produce a syngas; a liquid fuel production unit that produces a liquid fuel from the syngas produced by the gasification unit; an electrolysis unit that produces hydrogen from water using electric power generated using renewable energy; a hydrogen tank that stores the hydrogen produced by the electrolysis unit; a remaining hydrogen amount determining section that determines the amount of hydrogen remaining in the hydrogen tank; a hydrogen supply unit that supplies the hydrogen from the hydrogen tank to the gasification unit; and a control unit that performs a hydrogen consumption increasing control to reduce the H/CO ratio of the syngas produced by reaction in the gasification furnace and to increase the amount of hydrogen supplied by the hydrogen supply unit, when the remaining amount of hydrogen is more than a predetermined amount. 1. A fuel production system for producing a liquid fuel from biomass feedstock , comprising:a gasification unit comprising a gasification furnace that gasifies biomass feedstock to produce a syngas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide;a liquid fuel production unit that produces a liquid fuel from the syngas produced by the gasification unit;an electrolysis unit that produces hydrogen from water using electric power generated using renewable energy;a hydrogen tank that stores the hydrogen produced by the electrolysis unit;a remaining hydrogen amount determining section that determines an amount of hydrogen remaining in the hydrogen tank;a hydrogen supply unit that supplies the hydrogen from the hydrogen tank to the gasification unit; and{'sub': '2', 'a control unit that performs a hydrogen consumption increasing control to reduce a H/CO ratio of the syngas produced by reaction in the gasification furnace and to increase an amount of hydrogen supplied by the hydrogen supply unit, when the remaining amount of ...

FEED LOCATION FOR GASIFICATION OF PLASTICS AND SOLID FOSSIL FUELS

Pre-ground plastics of small particle size not more than 2 mm are co-fed into a solid fossil fuel fed entrained flow partial oxidation gasifier. A syngas composition can be made by charging an oxidant and a feedstock composition comprising recycle plastics and a solid fossil fuel to a gasification zone within a gasifier; gasifying the feedstock composition together with the oxidant in said gasification zone to produce said syngas composition; and discharging at least a portion of said syngas composition from said gasifier; wherein the recycled plastics are added to a feed point comprising a solid fossil fuel belt feeding a grinder after the solid fossil fuel is loaded on the belt, a solid fossil fuel belt feeding a grinder before the solid fossil fuel is loaded onto the belt, or a solid fossil fuel slurry storage tank containing a slurry of said solid fossil fuel ground to a size as the size fed to the gasification zone. 2. The process of claim 1 , wherein said gasifier is an entrained flow slagging gasifier.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to a solid fossil fuel grinder or to a belt containing a fossil fuel feeding the grinder.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to the solid fossil fuel in a low-pressure section that has a lower pressure that the pressure within the gasifier.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to solid fossil fuel on a feed belt.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are deposited onto a belt before solid fossil fuel is added onto the belt.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the solid fossil fuel is on top of the recycle plastics on the belt.8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to solid fossil fuel on a coal feed belt.9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to a grinding mill containing coal and water.10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to a slurry ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PYROLYSIS OF BIOMASS TO PRODUCE SYNGAS

A method for pressurized pyrolysis of biomass in a pressurized pyrolysis furnace, including: 1) crushing and screening biomass; collecting biomass having desired particle sizes; and delivering the biomass having desired particle sizes to a pulse-type feeding system; 2) transporting the biomass to a pyrolysis furnace via the pulse-type feeding system; synchronously initiating microwave and a plasma torch, the microwave producing a microwave field in the pyrolysis furnace, working gas of the plasma torch being ionized for the first time to produce plasma jet entering the pyrolysis furnace; and 3) allowing the syngas generated in 2) to continue moving upwards and introducing the syngas out from the top of the pyrolysis furnace; chilling the syngas; introducing the syngas to a cyclone separator to separate residues; and then cooling and purifying the syngas using a cooling device and a purifying device, respectively, to produce clean syngas. 1. A method for pressurized pyrolysis of biomass in a pressurized pyrolysis furnace , the method comprising:1) crushing and screening biomass; collecting biomass having desired particle sizes; and delivering the biomass having desired particle sizes to a pulse-type feeding system;2) transporting the biomass to a pyrolysis furnace via the pulse-type feeding system in a dense-phase static pressure mode in the presence of seal air; synchronously initiating microwave and a plasma torch, the microwave producing a microwave field in the pyrolysis furnace, working gas of the plasma torch being initially ionized to produce plasma jet entering the pyrolysis furnace;in the pyrolysis furnace, biomass particles absorbing microwave and being heated from outside to inside instantaneously, and then being activated; under the action of rising syngas and microwave energy, the biomass particles being dried instantaneously and pyrolyzed to yield syngas, small amount of ash residue and coke, the ash residue and the coke constituting a fixed bed layer ...

System and method for gasification

A system includes a first reactor that may gasify a first feed to generate a first syngas. The first feed has a first particle size distribution (PSD 1 ). The system also includes a second reactor that may receive the first feed, a second feed, and at least a portion of the first syngas. The second reactor may gasify the second feed to generate additional syngas, and the second feed has a second particle size distribution (PSD 2 ) that is different from the first PSD. The second reactor includes an elutriation zone disposed on a first end of the second reactor. The elutriation zone may receive the first and second feed. The second reactor also includes a fluidized bed disposed at a second end of the second reactor that is substantially opposite the first end. The fluidized bed is fluidly coupled to the first reactor and may receive the portion of the first syngas via a syngas inlet. The system also includes a gas-solids separation section fluidly coupled to the first and second reactors. The gas-solids separation section may receive the first feed and partially reacted particles of the second feed from the elutriation zone and may feed a combined feed consisting of the first feed and the partially reacted particles of the second feed to the first reactor.

A PROCESS FOR PRODUCING SYNTHETIC JET FUEL

There is described a process for producing a semi-synthetic jet fuel, a fully synthetic jet fuel, or a combination of both, by converting feedstock into hydrocarbons. 1. A process for producing synthetic jet fuel , comprisingconverting feedstock to synthesis gas;converting the synthesis gas into a mixture comprising liquid hydrocarbons;refining the mixture comprising liquid hydrocarbons to isolate a kerosene product; andhydrotreating the kerosene product to form synthetic jet fuel.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein converting feedstock to synthesis gas comprises: pyrolyzing the feedstock under aqueous conditions to form a mixture comprising biocrude.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the feedstock comprises biomass claim 2 , organic materials claim 2 , waste streams claim 2 , or a combination thereof with a high water content.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein converting feedstock to synthesis gas comprises: pyrolyzing the feedstock to form a mixture comprising biocrude.5. The process of claim 4 , wherein the feedstock comprises biomass claim 4 , organic materials claim 4 , waste streams claim 4 , or a combination thereof with a low water content.6. The process of any one of to claim 4 , wherein converting feedstock to synthesis gas further comprises:gasifying the mixture comprising biocrude to form the synthesis gas.7. The process of claim 6 , wherein gasifying the mixture comprising biocrude comprises:{'sub': 4', '2', '2, 'supercritical water gasification of the mixture comprising biocrude to form a mixture comprising CH, CO, CO, and H; and'}{'sub': 4', '2', '2, 'reforming the mixture comprising CH, CO, CO, and Hto form the synthesis gas.'}8. The process of claim 7 , wherein reforming comprises dry reformation and steam reformation.9. The process of any one of to claim 7 , wherein when converting feedstock to synthesis gas claim 7 , the process further comprises:adding an oil feedstock, a sugar feedstock, and/or an alcohol feedstock to the mixture comprising ...

Method and Apparatus for Reducing CO2 in a Stream by Conversion to a Syngas for Production of Energy

A system and method for producing Syngas from the COin a gaseous stream, such as an exhaust stream, from a power plant or industrial plant, like a cement kiln, is disclosed. A preferred embodiment includes providing the gaseous stream to pyrolysis reactor along with a carbon source such as coke. The COand carbon are heated to about 1330° C. and at about one atmosphere with reactants such as steam such that a reaction takes place that produces Syngas, carbon dioxide (CO) and hydrogen (H). The Syngas is then cleaned and provided to a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor to produce Ethanol or Bio-catalytic synthesis reactor. 1. An apparatus for producing syngas that reduces an amount of carbon dioxide in a gaseous stream , the apparatus comprising:{'sub': 2', '2, 'a reaction chamber, said reaction chamber selected to be one of a pyrolysis reactor, a conventional gasifier or a plasma arc gasifier and wherein said reaction chamber includes a input line for receiving a gaseous stream provided by a source separate from said reaction chamber, and said reaction chamber capable of operating at a preferred temperature of about 1330° C. and up to about 2000° C. and a pressure of about one bar or greater and capable of supporting a reaction in said reaction chamber to form syngas comprising carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H), and carbon dioxide (CO);'}a source of carbonaceous material provided as a feed to said reaction chamber;{'sub': '2', 'a source of HO provided as a feed to said reaction chamber;'}{'sub': '2', 'a selected one of a power plant or an industrial plant capable of providing said gaseous stream from said separate source as a feed to said reaction chamber at said input line, said gaseous stream being a gaseous exhaust containing between about 30% to about 45% carbon dioxide (CO);'}{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2, 'said reaction chamber further capable of supporting a reaction that consists essentially of said carbonaceous material, said HO and said carbon dioxide (CO) in ...

METHOD AND PLANT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SYNTHESIS GAS

A method for producing syngas includes a) splitting a hydrocarbon into carbon and hydrogen using a plasma to obtain a first product including carbon and hydrogen, b) mixing steam and carbon dioxide with at least a portion of the first product to produce a product stream, wherein a first portion of the carbon in the first product is converted in an endothermic reaction with steam to carbon monoxide and hydrogen and a second portion of the carbon in the first product is converted in another endothermic reaction with the carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide, and wherein heat is supplied to the endothermic reaction, and c) quenching the product stream of step b). 1. A method for producing syngas , the method comprising:a) splitting a hydrocarbon into carbon and hydrogen using a plasma to obtain a first product including carbon and hydrogen;b) mixing steam and carbon dioxide with at least a portion of the first product to produce a product stream, wherein a first portion of the carbon in the first product is converted in an endothermic reaction with steam to carbon monoxide and hydrogen and a second portion of the carbon in the first product is converted in another endothermic reaction with the carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide, and wherein heat is supplied to the endothermic reaction; andc) quenching of the product stream of step b).2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein in step b) claim 1 , mixing of carbon dioxide takes place before mixing of steam.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein in step b) claim 1 , the supply of heat is carried out by electric heating and/or co-combustion of hydrocarbons.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein in step c) claim 1 , the product stream of step b) is quenched to a temperature at or below 400° C.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the quenching according to step c) is carried out by injection of water claim 1 , heat dissipation by means of an endothermic reaction claim 1 , or heat transfer in a heat ...

Method of Fabricating Oil Product of Gasoline

An oil product of gasoline is fabricated. The product contains hydrocarbon compound ranged as a gasoline composition. The purification process of dimethyl ether (DME) used in the present invention greatly reduces the feed rate for obtaining a smaller reactor with cost down. Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is separated to be recycled back to the gasifier to be reused, archived or used otherwise for improves global environment. At the same time, CO 2 is reacted with hydrocarbons, water vapor, etc. through a novel high-temperature plasma torch to generate a synthesis gas (syngas) of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H 2 ) for regulating a hydrogen/carbon ratio of a biomass- or hydrocarbon-synthesized compound and helping subsequent chemical synthesis reactions. In the end, the final gasoline production has a high yield, a high octane rate, low nitrogen and sulfur pollution and a highly ‘green’ quality.

INCLINED ROTARY GASIFIER WASTE TO ENERGY SYSTEM

A gasifier system includes a reactor for receiving a wet feedstock which has a base and a container rotatably connected to the base such that a rotation of the container causes a mixing of the feedstock in an interior of the reactor. The interior is bounded by the base and the container. A space between the base and the container allows an entry of oxygen into the interior. The space has a dimension such that the feedstock is fully oxidized in a combustion area adjacent the base and such that the feedstock avoids combustion in a remainder of the interior. The reactor has a longitudinal axis inclined at an inclination angle relative to a horizontal line to promote the mixing of the feedstock in the interior. 1. A method for use in converting a wet flammable feedstock into a gaseous and liquid fuel , the method comprising:providing a wet flammable feedstock into an interior of a reactor having a base and a container connected to the base, the interior bounded by the base and the container;allowing oxygen to enter a space between the base and the container to facilitate a combustion of the feedstock in a combustion zone adjacent the base such that the oxygen avoids passing through the combustion zone and the feedstock is fully oxidized in the combustion zone; androtating the container relative to the base to mix contents of the interior of the reactor.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the providing the wet flammable feedstock comprises the feedstock entering the interior above the combustion zone.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reactor has a longitudinal axis inclined at an inclination angle relative to a horizontal line to promote the mixing of the feedstock in the interior.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the inclination angle comprises an angle of greater than 22 degrees relative to the horizontal line.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the providing feedstock comprises providing the feedstock through a feedstock input in the base.6. The method of claim 1 ...

Catalytic steam gasification of petroleum coke to methane

The present invention provides a catalytic steam gasification process for gasifying petroleum coke. The solids composition within the gasification reactor of the disclosed invention is maintained by controlling the catalyst composition of the feed. The process utilizes sour water from the raw gasification product gases to recover and recycle catalyst. Fine particles generated in the handling of coke are advantageously utilized to increase the efficiency of the process.

Catalyst-Loaded Coal Compositions, Methods of Making and Use

The present invention relates to catalyst-loaded coal compositions having a moisture content of less than about 6 wt %, a process for the preparation of catalyst-loaded coal compositions, and an integrated process for the gasification of the catalyst-loaded coal compositions. The catalyst-loaded coal compositions can be prepared by a diffusive catalyst loading process that provides for a highly dispersed catalyst that is predominantly associated with the coal matrix, such as by ion-exchange.

Compositions for Catalytic Gasification of a Petroleum Coke

The present invention relates to particulate compositions of a lower ash type petroleum coke containing at least two preselected components (alkali metal and calcium) that exhibit an efficient, enhanced-yielding gasification to value added gaseous products, particularly when used in a steady-state integrated gasification process. The compositions of the present invention are particularly useful for catalytic gasification of petroleum coke at moderate temperatures ranging from about 450° C. to about 900° C. Advantageously, the compositions can be readily incorporated into fluidized bed gasification units, and can result in a cost-effective, high-yielding production of methane gas from petroleum coke.

Compositions for Catalytic Gasification of a Petroleum Coke

The present invention relates to particulate compositions of a lower ash type petroleum coke containing at least two preselected components (alkali metal and iron) that exhibit an efficient, enhanced-yielding gasification to value added gaseous products, particularly when used in a steady-state integrated gasification process. The compositions of the present invention are particularly useful for catalytic gasification of petroleum coke at moderate temperatures ranging from about 450° C. to about 900° C. Advantageously, the compositions can be readily incorporated into fluidized bed gasification units, and can result in a cost-effective, high-yielding production of methane gas from petroleum coke.

Catalytic Gasification Process with Recovery of Alkali Metal from Char

Processes are described for the extraction and recovery of alkali metal from the char that results from catalytic gasification of a carbonaceous material. Among other steps, the processes of the invention include a hydrothermal leaching step in which a slurry of insoluble particulate comprising insoluble alkali metal compounds is treated with carbon dioxide and steam at elevated temperatures and pressures to effect the conversion of insoluble alkali metal compounds to soluble alkali metal compounds. Further, processes are described for the catalytic gasification of a carbonaceous material where a substantial portion of alkali metal is extracted and recovered from the char that results from the catalytic gasification process.

Petroleum Coke Compositions for Catalytic Gasification

Particulate compositions are described comprising an intimate mixture of a petroleum coke, coal and a gasification catalyst, where the gasification catalyst is loaded onto at least the coal for gasification in the presence of steam to yield a plurality of gases including methane and at least one or more of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and other higher hydrocarbons are formed. Processes are also provided for the preparation of the particulate compositions and converting the particulate composition into a plurality of gaseous products.

Coal Compositions for Catalytic Gasification

Particulate compositions are described comprising an intimate mixture of a coal and a gasification catalyst in the presence of steam to yield a plurality of gases including methane and at least one or more of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and other higher hydrocarbons are formed. Processes are also provided for the preparation of the particulate compositions and converting the particulate composition into a plurality of gaseous products.

Processes for Making Synthesis Gas and Syngas-Derived Products

The present invention provides processes for making synthesis gas and processes for making syngas-derived products. For example, one aspect of the present invention provides a process for making a synthesis gas stream comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide, the process comprising (a) providing a carbonaceous feedstock; (b) reacting the carbonaceous feedstock in a gasification reactor in the presence of steam and a gasification catalyst under suitable temperature and pressure to form a raw product gas stream comprising a plurality of gases comprising methane, hydrogen and carbon monoxide; (c) removing steam from and sweetening the raw product gas stream to form a sweetened gas stream; (d) separating and adding steam to the sweetened gas stream to form a first reformer input gas stream having a first steam/methane ratio; and a second reformer input stream having a second steam/methane ratio, in which the first steam/methane ratio is smaller than the second steam/methane ratio; (e) reforming the second reformer input stream to form a recycle gas stream comprising steam, carbon monoxide and hydrogen; (f) introducing the recycle gas stream to the gasification reactor; and (g) reforming the first reformer input stream to form the synthesis gas stream.

Petroleum Coke Compositions for Catalytic Gasification

Particulate compositions are described comprising an intimate mixture of a petroleum coke and an alkali metal gasification catalyst, where the alkali metal gasification catalyst comprises a combination of an alkali metal hydroxide and one or more other alkali metal compounds are loaded onto coke for gasification in the presence of steam to yield a plurality of gases including methane and at least one or more of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and other higher hydrocarbons are formed. Processes are also provided for the preparation of the particulate compositions and converting the particulate composition into a plurality of gaseous products.

Catalytic Gasification Process with Recovery of Alkali Metal from Char

Processes for extracting and recycling alkali metal compounds present in the char produced from the catalytic gasification of carbonaceous materials are provided involving at least contacting the char with and alkali metal hydroxide followed by carbon dioxide. Both the alkali metal hydroxide and carbon dioxide treatments serve to convert at least a portion of the insoluble alkali metal compounds in the char into soluble species which can be recovered and recycled.

Catalytic Gasification Process with Recovery of Alkali Metal from Char

Processes are described for the extraction and recovery of alkali metal from the char that results from catalytic gasification of a carbonaceous material. Among other steps, the processes of the invention include a hydrothermal leaching step in which a slurry of insoluble particulate comprising insoluble alkali metal compounds is treated with carbon dioxide and steam at elevated temperatures and pressures to effect the conversion of insoluble alkali metal compounds to soluble alkali metal compounds. Further, processes are described for the catalytic gasification of a carbonaceous material where a substantial portion of alkali metal is extracted and recovered from the char that results from the catalytic gasification process.

Catalytic Gasification Process with Recovery of Alkali Metal from Char

Processes are described for the extraction and recovery of alkali metal from the char that results from catalytic gasification of a carbonaceous material. Among other steps, the processes of the invention include a hydrothermal leaching step in which a slurry of insoluble particulate comprising insoluble alkali metal compounds is treated with carbon dioxide and steam at elevated temperatures and pressures to effect the conversion of insoluble alkali metal compounds to soluble alkali metal compounds. Further, processes are described for the catalytic gasification of a carbonaceous material where a substantial portion of alkali metal is extracted and recovered from the char that results from the catalytic gasification process.

Steam Generating Slurry Gasifier for the Catalytic Gasification of a Carbonaceous Feedstock

Steam generating gasification reactors for providing high-pressure and high-temperature steam for catalytic gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock can be based on oxygen blown gasification reactors adapted for processing a slurry feedstock comprising at least 40% water. The exhaust from the slurry gasifier comprises at least steam, carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The slurry composition and the oxygen to fuel ratio can be varied to control the ratio of carbonaceous gases in the generator exhaust. By directing substantially all of exhaust gases produced from the slurry gasification reactor through the catalytic gasifier and subsequent gas separation and sequestration processes, a greatly higher energy efficiency and decreased carbon footprint can be realized.

Continuous Process for Converting Carbonaceous Feedstock into Gaseous Products

Continuous processes for converting a carbonaceous feedstock into a plurality of gaseous products are described. The continuous processes include, among other steps, recovering a substantial portion of alkali metal from the solid char that results from the gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock. The alkali metal is recovered as an alkali metal carbonate. A gasification catalyst for a subsequent gasification step may comprise the recovered alkali metal carbonate and a makeup amount of alkali metal hydroxide.

Coal Compositions for Catalytic Gasification

Particulate compositions are described comprising an intimate mixture of a coal and a gasification catalyst in the presence of steam to yield a plurality of gases including methane and at least one or more of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and other higher hydrocarbons are formed. Processes are also provided for the preparation of the particulate compositions and converting the particulate composition into a plurality of gaseous products.

Carbonaceous Fines Recycle

Processes are provided for capturing and recycling carbonaceous fines generated during a gasification process. In particular, the recycled fines are processed into a particulate composition which is useable as a carbonaceous feedstock and is conversion into a gas stream comprising methane.

Catalytic Gasification Particulate Compositions

Particulate compositions are described comprising a carbonaceous material, such as petroleum coke and/or coal, treated or otherwise associated with a gasification catalyst, where the catalyst is at least in part derived from a leachate from a biomass char, for gasification in the presence of steam to yield a plurality of gases including methane and at least one or more of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and other higher hydrocarbons are formed. Processes are also provided for the preparation of the particulate compositions and converting the particulate composition into a plurality of gaseous products.

Sour Shift Process for the Removal of Carbon Monoxide from a Gas Stream

Processes for the catalytic conversion of a carbonaceous composition into a gas stream comprising methane are provided, where a sour shift reaction is used to remove carbon monoxide gas stream produced by the gasification process. The incorporation of the sour shift reaction provides an efficient and cost-effective means of eliminating carbon monoxide from the gas stream. In addition, the sour shift reaction also generates additional hydrogen, thus increasing the amount of hydrogen produced from the gasification process.

Processes for the Separation of Methane from a Gas Stream

Processes for the catalytic conversion of a carbonaceous composition into a gas stream comprising methane are provided. In addition, the processes provide for the generation of a hydrogen-enriched gas stream and, optionally, a carbon monoxide-enriched gas stream, which can be mixed or used separately as an energy source for subsequent catalytic gasification processes.

Two-Train Catalytic Gasification Systems

Systems for converting a carbonaceous feedstock into a plurality of gaseous products are described. The systems include, among other units, two separate gasification reactors to convert a carbonaceous feedstock in the presence of an alkali metal catalyst into the plurality of gaseous products including at least methane. Each of the gasification reactors may be supplied with the feedstock from a single or separate catalyst loading and/or feedstock preparation unit operations. Similarly, the hot gas streams from each gasification reactor may be purified via their combination at a heat exchanger, acid gas removal, or methane removal unit operations. Product purification may comprise trace contaminant removal units, ammonia removal and recovery units, and sour shift units.

Three-Train Catalytic Gasification Systems

Systems to convert a carbonaceous feedstock into a plurality of gaseous products are described. The systems include, among other units, three separate gasification reactors for the gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock in the presence of an alkali metal catalyst into the plurality of gaseous products including at least methane. Each of the gasification reactors may be supplied with the feedstock from a single or separate catalyst loading and/or feedstock preparation unit operations. Similarly, the hot gas streams from each gasification reactor may be purified via their combination at a heat exchanger, acid gas removal or methane removal unit operations. Product purification may comprise trace contaminant removal units, ammonia removal and recovery units, and sour shift units.

Four-Train Catalytic Gasification Systems

Systems to convert a carbonaceous feedstock into a plurality of gaseous products are described. The systems include, among other units, four separate gasification reactors for the gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock in the presence of an alkali metal catalyst into the plurality of gaseous products including at least methane. Each of the gasification reactors may be supplied with the feedstock from a single or separate catalyst loading and/or feedstock preparation unit operations. Similarly, the hot gas streams from each gasification reactor may be purified via their combination at a heat exchanger, acid gas removal, or methane removal unit operations. Product purification may comprise trace contaminant removal units, ammonia removal and recovery units, and sour shift units.

Four-Train Catalytic Gasification Systems

Systems to convert a carbonaceous feedstock into a plurality of gaseous products are described. The systems include, among other units, four separate gasification reactors for the gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock in the presence of an alkali metal catalyst into the plurality of gaseous products including at least methane. Each of the gasification reactors may be supplied with the feedstock from a single or separate catalyst loading and/or feedstock preparation unit operations. Similarly, the hot gas streams from each gasification reactor may be purified via their combination at a heat exchanger, acid gas removal, or methane removal unit operations. Product purification may comprise trace contaminant removal units, ammonia removal and recovery units, and sour shift units.

Four-Train Catalytic Gasification Systems

Systems to convert a carbonaceous feedstock into a plurality of gaseous products are described. The systems include, among other units, four separate gasification reactors for the gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock in the presence of an alkali metal catalyst into the plurality of gaseous products including at least methane. Each of the gasification reactors may be supplied with the feedstock from a single or separate catalyst loading and/or feedstock preparation unit operations. Similarly, the hot gas streams from each gasification reactor may be purified via their combination at a heat exchanger, acid gas removal, or methane removal unit operations. Product purification may comprise trace contaminant removal units, ammonia removal and recovery units, and sour shift units.

Processes for Gasification of a Carbonaceous Feedstock

The present invention relates to processes and continuous processes for preparing gaseous products, and in particular, methane via the catalytic gasification of carbonaceous feedstocks in the presence of steam. In one aspect of the invention, the processes comprise at least partially combusting a first carbonaceous feedstock with an oxygen-rich gas stream in an oxygen-blown gasifier, under suitable temperature and pressure, to generate a first gas stream comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide and superheated steam; and reacting a second carbonaceous feedstock and the first gas stream in a catalytic gasifier in the presence of a gasification catalyst under suitable temperature and pressure to form a second gas stream comprising a plurality of gaseous products comprising methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide. The processes can comprise using at least one catalytic methanator to convert carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the gaseous products to methane and in certain embodiments do not recycle carbon monoxide or hydrogen to the gasifier.

Processes for Gasification of a Carbonaceous Feedstock

The present invention relates to processes for preparing gaseous products, and in particular, methane via the catalytic gasification of carbonaceous feedstocks in the presence of steam. The processes comprise using at least one methanation step to convert carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the gaseous products to methane and do not recycle carbon monoxide or hydrogen to the catalytic gasifier.

Char Methanation Catalyst and its Use in Gasification Processes

The invention provides processes for generating a methane-enriched gas from a gas mixture comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen such as gas streams generated by gasification of an alkali metal catalyst-loaded carbonaceous feedstock, and a char methanation catalyst useful in such processes.

Processes for Preparing a Catalyzed Coal Particulate

Processes are provided for preparing a substantially free-flowing alkali metal gasification catalyst-loaded coal particulate suitable for use as a feedstock for the production of gaseous products, and in particular methane, via the catalytic gasification of the catalyst-loaded coal particulate in the presence of steam.

Processes for Preparing a Catalyzed Carbonaceous Particulate

Processes are provided for preparing a substantially free-flowing alkali metal gasification catalyst-loaded carbonaceous particulate suitable for use as a feedstock for the production of gaseous products, and in particular methane, via the catalytic gasification of the catalyst-loaded carbonaceous particulate in the presence of steam.

Processes for Gasification of a Carbonaceous Feedstock

The present invention relates to processes and continuous processes for preparing gaseous products, and in particular, methane via the catalytic gasification of carbonaceous feedstocks in the presence of steam. In one aspect of the invention, the processes comprise at least partially combusting a first carbonaceous feedstock with an oxygen-rich gas stream, a recycle steam stream, and an aqueous make-up stream in an oxygen-blown gasifier, under suitable temperature and pressure, to generate a first gas stream comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide and superheated steam; and reacting a second carbonaceous feedstock and the first gas stream in a catalytic gasifier in the presence of a gasification catalyst under suitable temperature and pressure to form a second gas stream comprising a plurality of gaseous products comprising methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide. The processes can comprise using at least one catalytic methanator to convert carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the gaseous products to methane and in certain embodiments do not recycle carbon monoxide or hydrogen to the gasifier. Heat energy recovered from the catalytic gasification can be used to generate the recycle steam stream.

Processes for Hydromethanation of a Carbonaceous Feedstock

The present invention relates to processes for preparing gaseous products, and in particular methane, via the hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock in the presence of steam, syngas, a hydromethanation catalyst and an oxygen-rich gas stream.

Processes for Hydromethanation of a Carbonaceous Feedstock

The present invention relates to processes for preparing gaseous products, and in particular methane, via the hydromethanation of carbonaceous feedstocks in the presence of steam, carbon monoxide, hydrogen and a hydromethanation catalyst.

Processes For Hydromethanation Of A Carbonaceous Feedstock

The present invention relates to processes for preparing gaseous products, and in particular methane, via the catalytic hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock in the presence of steam, syngas and an oxygen-rich gas stream.

Processes for hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock

The present invention relates to processes for preparing gaseous products, and in particular a hydrogen product stream and optionally a methane product stream, via the hydromethanation of carbonaceous feedstocks in the presence of steam, carbon monoxide, hydrogen and a hydromethanation catalyst.

Processes for hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock

The present invention relates to processes for preparing gaseous products, and in particular methane and/other value added gases such as hydrogen, via the catalytic hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock in the presence of steam and syngas, wherein a hydromethanation reactor is combined with a syngas generator in a particular combination.

Two-mode process for hydrogen production

The present invention relates to a 2-mode processes for preparing gaseous products, and in particular a hydrogen product stream, via the hydromethanation of carbonaceous feedstocks in the presence of steam, carbon monoxide, hydrogen and a hydromethanation catalyst in a first mode, and a partial oxidation of methane in a second mode.

Processes for Gasification of a Carbonaceous Feedstock

The present invention relates to processes for preparing gaseous products, and in particular, methane via the catalytic gasification of carbonaceous feedstocks in the presence of steam and an oxygen-rich gas stream. The processes comprise using at least one catalytic methanator to convert carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the gaseous products to methane and do not recycle carbon monoxide or hydrogen to the catalytic gasifier.

Hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock with vanadium recovery

The present invention relates to processes and apparatuses for hydromethanating a vanadium-containing carbonaceous feedstock while recovering at least a portion of the vanadium content originally present in the carbonaceous feedstock.

High energy transport gas and method to transport same

A high energy transport gas and a method to transport the high energy transport gas are used to increase the energy content of a pipeline and other vessels that are designed to carry natural gas under ambient conditions, in a compressed state or in a liquefied state. Methane and other gases are used as the feedstock, with methane from natural gas fields, coal beds or derived from hydrogen reacting with coal being primary energy sources. Also, this gas and method can provide an abundant source for hydrogen production, and the energy from hydrogen can be used for fuel cell applications that generate electricity and power motor vehicles. This gas and method are capable of increasing the energy capacity of current natural gas pipelines and other storage and transport vessels.

Coal gasification process with improved procedures for continuously feeding lump coal under pressure

A gasification process in which gasification of lump size gas producing material, such as coal, is carried out under high pressure on a fixed-bed principle with a continuous feed of coal particles thereto, the continuous feed being accomplished by feeding coal of an appropriate particle size range into a volume of liquid within a first confinement path through a free surface thereof exposed to atmospheric conditions, collecting successive incremental volumes of particles and entrained liquid and transferring them into a liquid within a second circuitous confinement path maintained under pressure by virtue of the exposure of the free surface of a volume thereof with the gasification pressure conditions, conveying the particles of the incremental volumes communicated with the second path through a pumping action upstream of the particle communication therewith, collecting the particles in the volume and moving them upwardly through the free surface thereof into the gasification zone.

fluidized bed reactor and replaceable insert.

制备含烯烃产品或汽油产品的方法

由固体含碳原料制备含烯烃产品或汽油产品的方法，该方法通过下述步骤进行：(a)将含氧气体和含碳原料进料到向反应器容器内点火的燃烧器中，所述燃烧器优选水平放置，(b)在所述燃烧器内使含碳原料部分氧化，获得热的合成气物流和液体炉渣，(c)通过与液体含水冷却介质直接接触，冷却热的合成气，(e)对至少一部分合成气进行水煤气变换反应，获得合成气流出物，(g)使用步骤(e)的合成气流出物进行含氧化合物的合成，获得含甲醇和/或二甲醚的含氧化合物流出物和第一液体富含水的副产品，(h)将含氧化合物流出物转化成含烯烃产品或汽油产品和第二液体富含水的副产品，其中在步骤(c)中使用至少一部分第一和/或第二液体富含水的副产品，形成至少一部分液体含水冷却介质。

Production of a fuel gas with a stabilized metal carbide catalyst

A fuel gas containing methane is produced from a carbonaceous material in a single reaction zone by reacting the carbonaceous material in the presence of a stabilized metal carbide catalyst and water vapor and/or carbon dioxide at a temperature of from about 500° C. to about 900° C. The water vapor and/or carbon dioxide is maintained in an amount of from about 10 to about 30 percent by volume.

Device for generating combustible product gas from carbonaceous feedstocks

A device is provided for generating combustible product gas from carbonaceous feedstocks through allothermal steam gasification in a pressurized gasification vessel. The pressurized allothermal steam gasification of carbonaceous fuels requires that heat be supplied to the gasification chamber at a temperature level of approximately 800-900 °C. In a heat pipe reformer, as is known from EP 1 187 892 B1, combustible gas is generated from the carbonaceous feedstocks to be gasified through allothermal steam gasification in a pressurized fluidized bed gasification chamber. The heat needed for this is fed to the gasifier or reformer from a fluidized bed combustion system through a heat pipe arrangement. Due to the straight and tubular construction of heat pipes, the combustion chamber and reformer/gasification chamber are disposed one above the other in the known heat pipe reformer from EP 1 187 892 B1. The pressure vessel base is under particular stresses due to the high temperatures in the combustion chamber. In addition, the base is weakened by a plurality of heat pipe feedthroughs. The sealing of the feedthroughs also presents a problem. In conventional tubular heat pipes, the line for liquid heat transfer medium and for gaseous heat transfer medium are both disposed in the common tubular shell. The fact that the present invention uses loop heat pipes in which the liquid heat transfer medium is conveyed spatially separated from the gaseous heat transfer medium allows the number of feedthroughs to be reduced to two, namely a liquid line and a vapor line. When a plurality of such loop heat pipes is used, the separate vapor and fluid lines thereof can be combined in the gasification pressure vessel to form a common vapor and liquid line, which then penetrate the gasification pressure vessel. Outside the gasification pressure vessel, the two common lines can then be separated again. This allows the number of feedthroughs from and into the gasification pressure vessel to be ...

Fluid bed reactor having vertically spaced apart clusters of heating conduits

A fluid bed reactor is configured to process a reactive material to form one or more products. The reactor includes a reaction vessel defining a compartment configured to receive the reactive material. A first cluster of heating conduits at least partially occupies the compartment and extends over a first vertical extent within the compartment. A second cluster of heating conduits partially occupies the compartment and extends over a second vertical extent within the compartment. The first cluster of heating conduits is vertically below the second cluster of heating conduits and spaced apart therefrom by a first separation distance. Feedstock inlets are configured to introduce the reactive material into a region that is vertically between the first and second clusters of heating conduits. The heating conduits in the first cluster have a first thickness while the heating conduits in the second cluster have a second thickness. The first separation distance is at least as great as the smaller of the first and second thicknesses.

Combined Hydrothermal Liquefaction and Catalytic Hydrothermal Gasification System and Process for Conversion of Biomass Feedstocks

A combined hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) and catalytic hydrothermal gasification (CHG) system and process are described that convert various biomass-containing sources into separable bio-oils and aqueous effluents that contain residual organics. Bio-oils may be converted to useful bio-based fuels and other chemical feedstocks. Residual organics in HTL aqueous effluents may be gasified and converted into medium-BTU product gases and directly used for process heating or to provide energy. 119-. (canceled)20. A system for conversion of a biomass , the system comprising:a hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) stage apparatus that hydrothermally liquefies the biomass in an aqueous medium at a temperature and pressure selected to form a crude conversion product comprising a bio-oil component and an aqueous component; anda catalytic hydrothermal gasification (CHG) stage apparatus operatively coupled to the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) stage apparatus and configured to receive at least a portion of the crude conversion product having both the bio-oil component and the aqueous component, and form, at a selected temperature and pressure, a gas product containing at least one medium BTU product gas.21. The system of further including an upgrade stage apparatus configured to upgrade the bio-oil component released from the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) stage apparatus over a hydrogenation catalyst at a temperature up to about 450° C. and a hydrogen partial pressure up to about 150 atmospheres (1.52×104 kPa) that yields a green crude.22. The system of further comprising at least one heat exchanger operatively coupled to the upgrade stage apparatus.23. The system of further comprising another heat exchanger operatively coupled to the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) stage apparatus.24. The system of wherein the heat exchangers are operably engaged to exchange thermal transfer fluid.25. The system of wherein the gas product when combusted generates sufficient energy such that the ...

System and method for slurry preparation

A system includes a gasifier configured to gasify a fuel contained within a fuel slurry in order to generate syngas and a black water. The fuel slurry includes at least the fuel and water. The system also includes a black water treatment system fluidly coupled to the gasifier. The black water treatment system is configured to treat the black water to generate a grey water. The black water treatment system includes a first flash tank configured to process the black water by reducing a pressure of the black water to generate a first discharged black water. The black water treatment system also includes a first flow path fluidly coupling a first discharged black water outlet of the first flash tank with a feedstock preparation system configured to generate the fuel slurry in order to provide at least a first portion of the first discharged black water of the first flash tank to the feedstock preparation system.

Process and system for generating synthesis gas

Present invention describes the process and a system for generating synthesis gas from hydrocarbons and water. Hydrocarbon-containing fluid can be converted into synthesis gas having variable hydrogen content, without generating significant amounts of CO2, hydrogen and carbon in various forms can be obtained as byproducts, as well.

Fluid bed reactor with furnace-type pulsed heat transfer modules

FIELD: process engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention may be used in chemical industry. Proposed fluid bed reactor 300 comprises reaction vessel 302 with first wall part and second wall part, first heat transfer module 310 connected to vessel 302. First heat transfer module 310 comprises first pulse furnace 312 connected to first acoustic chamber 311 with first and second faces. First pulse furnace 312 comprises, at least, one exhaust pipe 314 terminating in first acoustic chamber 311 between first and second faces, and multiple heat transfer pipes 326. Every said heat transfer pipes 326 stays in fluid contact with acoustic chamber 311 via said wall part. Combustion products from exhaust pipe 314 along first channel of every heat transfer pipe from first wall part and, then, along second channel toward wall first part. Resonance tube of first pulse furnace 312 does not extend inside reaction vessel 302. EFFECT: efficient conversion of carbides into gas. 20 cl, 16 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 448 765 (13) C2 (51) МПК B01J 8/18 (2006.01) F27B 15/00 (2006.01) C10J 3/56 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2008146061/05, 20.04.2007 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 20.04.2007 (73) Патентообладатель(и): ТЕРМОКЕМ РИКАВЕРИ ИНТЕРНЭШНЛ, ИНК. (US) R U Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 24.04.2006 US 11/409,837 08.05.2006 US 11/429,917 (72) Автор(ы): ЧАНДРАН Рави (US) (43) Дата публикации заявки: 27.05.2010 Бюл. № 15 2 4 4 8 7 6 5 (45) Опубликовано: 27.04.2012 Бюл. № 12 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 6149765, 21.11.2000. SU 245006 A, 04.06.1969. SU 959632 A, 15.09.1982. US 5842289 A, 01.12.1998. US 5064444 A, 12.11.1991. 2 4 4 8 7 6 5 R U (86) Заявка PCT: US 2007/067095 (20.04.2007) C 2 C 2 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 24.11.2008 (87) Публикация заявки РСТ: WO 2007/127679 (08.11.2007) Адрес для переписки: ...

Устройство и способ для термохимической гармонизации и газификации влажной биомассы

1. Устройство для термохимической карбонизации и газификации влажной, в особенности водосодержащей и/или сухой, биомассы для изготовления энергоносителя и/или сырьевого носителя посредством реактора (1) карбонизации с подогревом, имеющего закрывающееся входное отверстие (13), в котором биомасса преобразовывается в твердый, наливной или газообразный энергоноситель и/или сырьевой носитель и выводится через закрывающееся выходное отверстие (14) в охлаждаемый резервуар (9), соединенный с реактором (1) карбонизации для временного хранения энергоносителя и/или сырьевого носителя, который соединен с нижестоящим реактором (16) газификации, в котором газ и отходы, такие как зола, отделяются от биомассы, отличающееся следующими признаками:a) внешняя тепловая энергия (60) подается в реактор (1) карбонизации, который функционально соединен с нагревательным элементом (4), в частности окружен нагревательной рубашкой, и далее тепловая энергия подается, по меньшей мере, от одной установки, в особенности от реактора (16) газификации,b) энергия охлаждения от второго резервуара или охлаждающего резервуара (9) подается в реактор газификации,c) влага, в особенности вода, подается во второй резервуар или охлаждающий резервуар (9), чтобы обеспечить почти непрерывный процесс,d) из реактора (1) карбонизации и/или второго резервуара или охлаждающего резервуара (9), реакционный газ подается в емкость (21) для хранения газа, где реакционный газ повторно подается в реактор (16) газификации.2. Устройство по п.1, отличающееся тем, что влагосодержащая биомасса, принимаемая в реакторе (1) карбонизации, выпаривается под давлением от 5 до 30 бар, предпочтительно под РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (51) МПК C10J 3/26 (11) (13) 2012 151 909 A (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2012151909/10, 14.02.2011 (71) Заявитель(и): ЦББ ГМБХ (DE) Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 14.02.2011 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.01.2015 Бюл. № 1 ( ...

Processes for preparing a catalyzed coal particulate

본 발명의 방법은, 기상 생성물, 특히 메탄의 제조를 위한 공급원료로서 사용하기에 적합한 실질적 자유-유동성 알칼리 금속 기화 촉매-담지된 석탄 미립자를 스팀의 존재 하에 촉매-담지된 석탄 미립자의 촉매적 기화를 통해 제조하는 방법을 제공한다. The process of the present invention provides for the catalytic vaporization of catalyst-supported coal particulates in the presence of steam with substantially free-flowing alkali metal vaporization catalyst-supported coal particulates suitable for use as feedstock for the production of gaseous products, in particular methane. It provides a method of manufacturing through.

Система, вырабатывающая электрическую энергию с помощью газификации горючих веществ

Изобретение относится к области электротехники, в частности к технологии преобразования химической энергии горючих веществ в электрическую энергию с высокой эффективностью, где горючие вещества газифицируются для получения газа и полученный газ используется в топливном элементе для выработки электрической энергии. Техническим результатом изобретения является повышение эффективности преобразования химической энергии горючих веществ в электрическую. Предложенная низкотемпературная газификационная печь для газификации горючих веществ, таких как горючие отходы или уголь, работает при температуре, например, 400-1000°С, а полученный газ затем подается в топливный элемент для выработки электрической энергии. Низкотемпературная газификационная печь предпочтительно представляет собой газификационную печь с псевдоожиженным слоем. 3 н. и 8 з.п. ф-лы, 25 ил. ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÀß ÔÅÄÅÐÀÖÈß RU (19) (11) 2 270 849 (13) C2 (51) ÌÏÊ C10J 3/00 (2006.01) H01M 8/06 (2006.01) ÔÅÄÅÐÀËÜÍÀß ÑËÓÆÁÀ ÏÎ ÈÍÒÅËËÅÊÒÓÀËÜÍÎÉ ÑÎÁÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ, ÏÀÒÅÍÒÀÌ È ÒÎÂÀÐÍÛÌ ÇÍÀÊÀÌ (12) ÎÏÈÑÀÍÈÅ ÈÇÎÁÐÅÒÅÍÈß Ê ÏÀÒÅÍÒÓ (21), (22) Çà âêà: 2001115091/09, 05.11.1999 (24) Äàòà íà÷àëà îòñ÷åòà ñðîêà äåéñòâè ïàòåíòà: 05.11.1999 (30) Ïðèîðèòåò: 05.11.1998 JP 10/330161 (73) Ïàòåíòîîáëàäàòåëü(è): ÈÁÀÐÀ ÊÎÐÏÎÐÅÉØÍ (JP) (45) Îïóáëèêîâàíî: 27.02.2006 Áþë. ¹ 6 2 2 7 0 8 4 9 (56) Ñïèñîê äîêóìåíòîâ, öèòèðîâàííûõ â îò÷åòå î ïîèñêå: RU 2107359 C1, 20.03.1973. RU 2073064 C1, 10.02.1997. RU 2121197 C1, 27.10.1998. SU 1114342 A3, 15.09.1984. RU 2014346 C1, 15.06.1994. ÅÐ 0170277 À, 05.02.1986. US 5509264 À, 23.04.1996. (85) Äàòà ïåðåâîäà çà âêè PCT íà íàöèîíàëüíóþ ôàçó: 05.06.2001 2 2 7 0 8 4 9 R U (87) Ïóáëèêàöè PCT: WO 00/27951 (18.05.2000) C 2 C 2 (86) Çà âêà PCT: JP 99/06185 (05.11.1999) Àäðåñ äë ïåðåïèñêè: 129010, Ìîñêâà, óë. Á.Ñïàññêà , 25, ñòð.3, ÎÎÎ "Þðèäè÷åñêà ôèðìà Ãîðîäèññêèé è Ïàðòíåðû", ïàò.ïîâ. Å.È.Åìåëü íîâó (54) ÑÈÑÒÅÌÀ, ÂÛÐÀÁÀÒÛÂÀÞÙÀß ÝËÅÊÒÐÈ×ÅÑÊÓÞ ÝÍÅÐÃÈÞ Ñ ÏÎÌÎÙÜÞ ÃÀÇÈÔÈÊÀÖÈÈ ÃÎÐÞ×ÈÕ ÂÅÙÅÑÒ (57) Ðåôåðàò: Èçîáðåòåíèå îòíîñèòñ ...

Hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock with vanadium recovery

본 발명은 바나듐-함유 탄소질 공급원료 내에 원래 존재하는 바나듐 함량의 적어도 일부를 회수하면서 바나듐-함유 탄소질 공급원료를 히드로메탄화시키기 위한 방법 및 장치에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for hydro- methanation of a vanadium-containing carbonaceous feedstock while recovering at least a portion of the vanadium content originally present in the vanadium-containing carbonaceous feedstock.

메탄의 열분해 및 이산화탄소 전환 반응을 포함하는 탄소 함유 물질의 가스화 방법

본 발명은 탄소 함유 물질의 가스화에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 탄소 효율을 높이고 이산화탄소의 발생을 감소시킬 수 있는 탄소 함유 물질의 가스화 방법에 관한 것으로서, 가스화단계를 통하여 산출된 CH 4 를 C 및 H 2 로 분해하여 생성된 탄소 등을 재순환시키고, 공정 중의 생성물을 이용하여, CO 2 를 CO로 전환시키는 단계를 포함함으로써, 높은 탄소효율을 달성하고 이산화탄소의 발생량을 줄일 수 있는 효과를 지닌다. 가스화, 이산화탄소, 탄소재순환, 메탄분해, 고효율 공정

Coal feed lock

A coal feed lock is provided for dispensing coal to a high pressure gas producer with nominal loss of high pressure gas. The coal feed lock comprises a rotor member with a diametral bore therethrough. A hydraulically activated piston is slidably mounted in the bore. With the feed lock in a charging position, coal is delivered to the bore and then the rotor member is rotated to a discharging position so as to communicate with the gas producer. The piston pushes the coal into the gas producer. The rotor member is then rotated to the charging position to receive the next load of coal.