SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR GASIFYING A FEEDSTOCK

Systems and methods for gasifying a feedstock are provided. The method can include combining one or more feedstocks and one or more solid components in a treatment zone to provide a treated feedstock. At least a portion of the treated feedstock can be introduced to a reaction zone of a gasifier. The one or more solid components can have an average density and an average cross-sectional size that adjusts at least one of an average density of solids within a solids bed of the gasifier and an average cross-sectional size of the solids within the solids bed of the gasifier.

An integrated catalytic coal devolatilisation and steam gasification process

A methane-containing gas is produced from carbonaceous feed solids by contacting the solids with a mixture of gases containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen in a devolatilization zone at a relatively low temperature in the presence of a carbon-alkali metal catalyst. The mixture of gases with which the carbonaceous feeds solids are contacted is produced by reacting the char formed in the devolatilization zone with steam in a gasification zone under gasification conditions in the presence of a carbon-alkali metal catalyst.

Solid Oxide Fuel Cells and their Manufacturing Method and Operation Condition for Reducing CO2 Emission by Simultaneous Production of Electricity and Synthesis Gases

PLASMA-CATALYST HYBRID REFORMING REACTOR

The present invention relates to a plasma-catalyst hybrid reforming reactor which can efficiently utilize a heat source from a plasma reaction by performing a plasma-catalyst reforming reaction for producing hydrogen and carbon monoxide in carbon dioxide and methane gas and increase the carbon conversion rate and selectivity of a synthesis gas by oxidizing solid carbon particles (coke) with steam supply. According to the present invention, the plasma-catalyst hybrid reforming reactor comprises: a reforming reactor for reforming an injection gas such as carbon dioxide (CO_2) and methane gas (CH_4) to the synthesis gas; a reaction tube through which the injection gas flows and which is installed inside the reforming reactor; a plasma generating part connected to the reaction tube and generating a plasma to cause a plasma reforming reaction with the injection gas; a steam supply part connected to the reaction tube and converting carbon particles generated through the plasma reforming reaction ...

FEED LOCATION FOR GASIFICATION OF PLASTICS AND SOLID FOSSIL FUELS

Pre-ground plastics of small particle size not more than 2 mm are co-fed into a solid fossil fuel fed entrained flow partial oxidation gasifier. A syngas composition can be made by charging an oxidant and a feedstock composition comprising recycle plastics and a solid fossil fuel to a gasification zone within a gasifier; gasifying the feedstock composition together with the oxidant in said gasification zone to produce said syngas composition; and discharging at least a portion of said syngas composition from said gasifier; wherein the recycled plastics are added to a feed point comprising a solid fossil fuel belt feeding a grinder after the solid fossil fuel is loaded on the belt, a solid fossil fuel belt feeding a grinder before the solid fossil fuel is loaded onto the belt, or a solid fossil fuel slurry storage tank containing a slurry of said solid fossil fuel ground to a size as the size fed to the gasification zone.

Generation system utilizing coal gasification and FT reaction off-gas

HYBRID FUEL-CELL ELECTRIC-COMBUSTION POWER SYSTEM

This is a procedure for producing mechanical power and a hybrid power generation unit for practicing such a process. In particular, the procedure uses a thermal or catalytic cracker partially to crack or partially to pyrolyze a liquid or gaseous petroleum fuel to produce a gaseous stream containing hydrogen (and likely methane or other short-chain hydrocarbons) and a second intermediate stream. The second imtermediaire stream may contain both liquids and gases. The second intermediate stream is typically liquid and contains partially (or totally) dehydrogenated or cracked hydrocarbons. The hydrogen may be used in a fuel cell to produce electricity, which electricity is used in a linear or rotary electric motor. The second intermediate stream may be fed to an internal or external combustion engine for further production of mechanical power. Most preferred of the combustion engines is one having high thermal efficiency at low loads, such as one running on an Atkinson cycle. This combination ...

Integrated gasification process for syngas power generation with checmical looping combustion method

Pyrolysis of forestry and farming waste or of plastics, etc. - to give producer gas and other prods.

Processes are claimed for the pyrolysis of biological materials, e.g. agricultural or forestry wastes, or of waste mfd. organic prods., e.g. used tyres, plastics or paper, giving carbon, oils and gases as primary prods. Producer gas, obtd. by partial combustion of the primary prods. or of the feedstock during pyrolysis is a pref. final prod. Pyrolysis may be initiated by the heat from burning charcoal or from a carbon prod., and the primary prods. may be fed to this bed. 15 forms of appts. are claimed. The various appts. separately incorporate the following: use of chopped straw or wood chips as feed; pre-drying of feed with process heat; fractional condensation of pyrolysis liq. to tar and fractions rich in acetic acid, water and methanol; use of centrifuges for fractionation of gases at pressure or of tar vapours, or (as a centrifugal gasifier) during gasification; pyrolysis in a steam-air mixt., the steam being raised by the process's own heat; and briquetting of charcoal prod. to avoid ...

Hybrid fuel-cell electric-combustion power system

A COMBINED HEAT AND POWER PLANT AND A METHOD FOR TREATING RAW SYNTHESIS GAS PRODUCED BY A GASIFIER IN A COMBINED HEAT AND POWER PLANT

The invention relates to a combined heat and power plant (10), comprising -a gasifier (11), for converting of carbonaceous material in to raw synthesis gas (21a), -a heat exchanger (12) arranged to reduce the temperature of the raw synthesis gas (21a) formed in the gasifier (11) by exchanging the heat of the raw synthesis gas (21a) in to heating medium to be used for heating and thereby forming cooled raw synthesis gas (21b), - a filtration unit (13) for cleaning the cooled raw synthesis (21b) gas to form refined synthesis gas (21c) suitable as a fuel for an internal combustion engine (14), -an internal combustion engine (14) wherein the refined synthesis gas (21c) is burnt to produce mechanical power, -ducts for connecting different parts of the plant (10) to each other, including a first raw gas duct (16) lead from the gasifier (11) to the heat exchanger (12), a second raw gas duct (17) lead from heat exchanger (12) to the filtration unit (13), a refined gas duct (18) lead from the filtration ...

A PROCESS FOR CONVERTING A FEEDSTOCK FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROCARBONS BY THE FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS PATHWAY

La présente invention concerne un procédé de production d'hydrocarbures de synthèse à partir d'une charge, ledit procédé comprenant au moins une étape de gazéification, une étape de conversion du CO à la vapeur, une étape de recombinaison des effluents, une étape d'élimination des gaz acides, une étape de purification finale, une étape de synthèse Fischer-Tropsch, une étape d'hydrotraitement, une étape d'hydroisomérisation/d'hydrocraquage, une étape de séparation, une étape de reformage/aromatisation permettant de produire de l'hydrogène qui est recyclé dans une des étapes en aval de l'étape de conversion du CO et en amont de l'étape de synthèse Fischer-Tropsch. L'apport de cet hydrogène permet de réduire la quantité de CO à convertir au niveau de l'étape de conversion du CO et de limiter la perte de matière carbonée par la formation de CO2.

Gasification of plastics and solid fossil fuels

Pre-ground plastics of small particle size not more than 2 mm are co-fed into a solid fossil fuel fed entrained flow partial oxidation gasifier. High solids concentrations in the feedstock stream can be obtained without significant impact on the feedstock stream stability and pumpability. A consistent quality of syngas can be continuously produced, including generation of carbon dioxide and a carbon monoxide/hydrogen ratio while stably operating the gasifier and avoiding the high tar generation of fluidized bed or fixed bed waste gasifiers and without impacting the operations of the gasifier. The subsequent syngas produced from this material can be used to produce a wide range of chemicals.

Hybrid fuel-cell electric-combustion power system using complete pyrolysis

BIOMASS GASIFICATION DEVICE

The present invention provides a biomass gasification device that optimizes the pyrolysis temperature of biomass, the reforming temperature of pyrolysis gas, and the atmosphere thereof to generate a reformed gas containing a large amount of valuable gas, that can prevent clogging and corrosion of piping caused by diphosphorus pentoxide and potassium in ash, and suppress the generation of N2O, and that can also reduce the occurrence of tar and soot. The present invention related to a biomass gasification device that is provided with a biomass pyrolyzer, a pyrolysis gas reformer, and a pyrolysis gas introduction pipe, wherein: the biomass pyrolyzer is further provided with a heat carrier inlet and outlet ports, and performs pyrolysis on the biomass by heat of the heat carrier; the pyrolysis gas reformer performs steam-reforming on pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis of biomass; the pyrolysis gas reformer is further provided with an air or oxygen blow-in port; and the pyrolysis gas introduction ...

High-efficiency staged conversion combined fluidized bed reaction device and reaction method

Generation system utilizing coal gasification and FT reaction off-gas

METHOD OF OPERATING A BURNER FOR THE PARTIAL OXIDATION OF HYDROCARBONS TO SYNTHESIS GAS

Biomass gasification device

The present invention provides a biomass gasification device that optimizes the pyrolysis temperature of biomass, the reforming temperature of pyrolysis gas, and the atmosphere thereof to generate a reformed gas containing a large amount of valuable gas, that can prevent clogging and corrosion of piping caused by diphosphorus pentoxide and potassium in ash, and suppress the generation of N ...

직접 연소식 가열 방법 및 그의 실행을 위한 설비

... 본 발명은 직접 연소식 가열 방법 및 그를 실행하기 위한 설비에 관한 것이다. 상기 방법에 따르면, 산화제를 사용해 연료를 연소시키는 것에 의해 발생된 열을 사용하여 노(300)에서 적재물이 가열되며; 발생된 연기가 노(300)로부터 배출되되, 상기 배출 연기(301)는 잔류 열 에너지를 함유하고; 잔류 열 에너지가 배출 연기(301)로부터 회수되어, 합성가스가 생성되는 합성 반응기(100)로 도입되며; 합성가스의 일부 이상이 적재물을 가열하기 위하여 노(300)에서 연소된다.

device from gasification of biomass

Hybrid electric-combustion power plant

This is a procedure for producing power and a hybrid power generation unit for practicing such a process. In particular, the procedure uses a thermal or catalytic cracker to partially crack or partially pyrolyze a liquid petroleum fuel to produce a gaseous stream containing hydrogen (and perhaps methane or other short-chain hydrocarbons) and a liquid hydrocarbon intermediate fuel. The hydrogen is then used in a fuel cell to produce electricity which then used in a linear or rotary electric motor. The intermediate liquid fuel is then fed to an internal or external combustion engine for further production of mechanical power. Most preferred of the combustion engines is one running on an Atkinson cycle.

A combined heat and power plant and a method for treating raw synthesis gas produced by a gasifier in a combined heat and power plant

The invention relates to a combined heat and power plant (10), comprising -a gasifier (11), for converting of carbonaceous material in to raw synthesis gas (21a), -a heat exchanger (12) arranged to reduce the temperature of the raw synthesis gas (21a) formed in the gasifier (11) by exchanging the heat of the raw synthesis gas (21a) in to heating medium to be used for heating and thereby forming cooled raw synthesis gas (21b), - a filtration unit (13) for cleaning the cooled raw synthesis (21b) gas to form refined synthesis gas (21c) suitable as a fuel for an internal combustion engine (14), -an internal combustion engine (14) wherein the refined synthesis gas (21c) is burnt to produce mechanical power, -ducts for connecting different parts of the plant (10) to each other, including a first raw gas duct (16) lead from the gasifier (11) to the heat exchanger (12), a second raw gas duct (17) lead from heat exchanger (12) to the filtration unit (13), a refined gas duct (18) lead from the filtration ...

Gasification of plastics and solid fossil fuels to produce organic compounds

Pre-ground plastics of small particle size not more than 2 mm are co-fed into a solid fossil fuel fed entrained flow partial oxidation gasifier. High solids concentrations in the feedstock stream can be obtained without significant impact on the feedstock stream stability and pumpability. A consistent quality of syngas can be continuously produced, including generation of carbon dioxide and a carbon monoxide/hydrogen ratio while stably operating the gasifier and avoiding the high tar generation of fluidized bed or fixed bed waste gasifiers and without impacting the operations of the gasifier. The subsequent syngas produced from this material can be used to produce a wide range of chemicals.

System of distributed energy production plant using cal

System of distributed energy production plant using cal

HYBRID FUEL-CELL ELECTRIC-COMBUSTION POWER SYSTEM USING COMPLETE PYROLYSIS

L'invention concerne un procédé visant à fournir une puissance mécanique, et une unité de puissance hybride correspondante. En particulier, le procédé repose sur l'utilisation d'un craqueur catalytique pour le craquage ou la pyrolyse (partielle ou complète) d'un carburant à base de pétrole liquide ou gazeux pour produire un flux gazeux primaire contenant essentiellement de l'hydrogène (et vraisemblablement du méthane ou d'autres hydrocarbures à chaîne courte). On peut utiliser l'hydrogène dans une pile à combustible pour fournir de l'électricité alimentant un moteur électrique linéaire ou rotatif. En mode de réalisation préféré, le résidu de charge pyrolysée est déposé dans le réacteur. Par régénération, on élimine le résidu pour produire un gaz riche en monoxyde de carbone qui peut ensuite être injecté dans un moteur à combustion interne ou externe pour la suite de la production de la puissance mécanique. De préférence, le moteur choisi a une efficacité thermique élevée. Cette combinaison ...

TWO-STAGE DRYING AND GASIFICATION INTEGRATION DEVICE AND METHOD OF ORGANIC SUBSTANCE

A two-stage drying and gasification integration device and method of organic substance include a gasification device, two-stage drying devices, a gas purification device, a gas storage device, a gas boiler and an air preheater. In the two-stage drying processes of organic substance, one stage drying device utilizes high temperature combustible gas generated by gasification of organic substance as a drying medium to dry organic substance, while the other stage drying device uses saturation water vapor as a drying medium to dry organic substance. The organic substance after the two-stage drying processes becomes a solid fuel for a gasification reaction. The sensible heat of high temperature combustible gas generated by gasification and the calorific value of the combustible gas itself are made to be the energy source of the two-stage drying processes. The device and method enable the combination of two-stage drying processes and gasification process of organic substance, making effective ...

GASIFICATION OF PLASTICS AND SOLID FOSSIL FUELS

Pre-ground plastics of small particle size not more than 2 mm are co-fed into a solid fossil fuel fed entrained flow partial oxidation gasifier. High solids concentrations in the feedstock stream can be obtained without significant impact on the feedstock stream stability and pumpability. A consistent quality of syngas can be continuously produced, including generation of carbon dioxide and a carbon monoxide/hydrogen ratio while stably operating the gasifier and avoiding the high tar generation of fluidized bed or fixed bed waste gasifiers and without impacting the operations of the gasifier. The subsequent syngas produced from this material can be used to produce a wide range of chemicals. 2. A process of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the following conditions is present:(i) gasification within the gasification zone is conducted at a temperature of at least 1000° C., or(ii) the pressure within the gasification zone greater than 2.7 MPa, or(iii) the feedstock composition is a slurry, or(iv) no steam is introduced to the gasifier that flows into the gasification zone, or(v) the recycle are pre-ground such that at least 90% of the particles have a particle size of less than 2 mm, or(vi) the tar yield is less than 4 wt. %, or(vii) the gasifier contains no membrane wall in the gasification zone, or(viii) a combination of two or more of the above conditions.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the feedstock stream has a viscosity under 25 claim 1 ,000 cP.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein all of the following conditions are present:a. steam is not supplied to the gasification zone,b. the feedstock stream containing at least recycle and ground solid fossil fuel flowing to the gasifier, or this feedstock stream introduced to an injector or charge pipe, or this feedstock stream introduced into the gasification zone, or a combination of all the above, does not contain gases compressed in equipment for gas compression,c. no gas stream containing more than 0.03 mole % ...

System of distributed energy production plant using cal

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR GASIFYING A FEEDSTOCK

Systems and methods for gasifying a feedstock are provided. The method can include combining one or more feedstocks and one or more solid components in a treatment zone to provide a treated feedstock. At least a portion of the treated feedstock can be introduced to a reaction zone of a gasifier. The one or more solid components can have an average density and an average cross-sectional size that adjusts at least one of an average density of solids within a solids bed of the gasifier and an average cross-sectional size of the solids within the solids bed of the gasifier.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR GASIFYING A FEEDSTOCK

Systems and methods for gasifying a feedstock are provided. The method can include combining one or more feedstocks and one or more solid components in a treatment zone to provide a treated feedstock. At least a portion of the treated feedstock can be introduced to a reaction zone of a gasifier. The one or more solid components can have an average density and an average cross-sectional size that adjusts at least one of an average density of solids within a solids bed of the gasifier and an average cross-sectional size of the solids within the solids bed of the gasifier.

DIRECT-FIRED HEATING METHOD AND FACILITY FOR IMPLEMENTING SAME

The invention relates to a direct-fired heating method and to a facility for implementing same, According to said method, a load is heated in a furnace with heat generated by burning fuel with an oxidant; the smoke generated is evacuated from the furnace, the evacuated smoke containing residual heat energy; residual heat energy is recovered from the evacuated smoke and introduced into a synthesis reactor wherein syngas is produced; and at least part of the syngas is burned in the furnace in order to heat the load. 115-. (canceled)17. The process of claim 16 , wherein the synthesis reactor also comprises at least one heating chamber into which said at least a portion of the recovered residual thermal energy is introduced claim 16 , said at least one heating chamber being positioned claim 16 , with respect to the at least one reaction region claim 16 , so that recovered residual thermal energy is transferred from the at least one heating chamber to the endothermic chemical reaction in the at least one reaction region through at least one separating wall between the at least one heating chamber and the at least one reaction region.18. The process of claim 17 , wherein each reaction region is surrounded by a neighboring heating chamber or housed between two neighboring heating chambers.19. The process of claim 17 , wherein the synthesis reactor has a lamellar structure comprising an alternation of heating chambers and reaction regions claim 17 , said heating chambers and reaction regions being situated between two successive plates.20. The process of claim 16 , wherein residual thermal energy is recovered from the discharged flue gases by heat exchange between the discharged flue gases and a heat-exchange fluid so as to obtain moderated flue gases and heated heat-exchange fluid containing the recovered residual thermal energy claim 16 , at least a portion of the heated heat-exchange fluid being introduced into the synthesis reactor in order to provide the at least a ...

Hybrid gasfier with dry and wet fuel supplies and its operating method

System of distributed energy production plant using cal

Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Ruß aus Ruß enthaltenden Abfällen

Direct-fired heating method and facility for implementing same

AN INTEGRATED CATALYTIC COAL DEVOLATILISATION AND STEAM GASIFICATION PROCESS

An integrated catalytic coal devolatilisation and steam gasification process

Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Brenners fuer die partielle Oxydation von Kohlenwasserstoffen zu Synthesegas

GASIFICATION OF PLASTICS AND SOLID FOSSIL FUELS TO PRODUCE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Pre-ground plastics of small particle size not more than 2 mm are co-fed into a solid fossil fuel fed entrained flow partial oxidation gasifier. High solids concentrations in the feedstock stream can be obtained without significant impact on the feedstock stream stability and pumpability. A consistent quality of syngas can be continuously produced, including generation of carbon dioxide and a carbon monoxide/hydrogen ratio while stably operating the gasifier and avoiding the high tar generation of fluidized bed or fixed bed waste gasifiers and without impacting the operations of the gasifier. The subsequent syngas produced from this material can be used to produce a wide range of chemicals.

A combined heat and power plant and a method for improving the burning process in a combined heat and power plant

A combined heat and power plant includes a gasifier, a heat exchanger arranged to reduce the temperature of the raw synthesis gas formed in the gasifier by exchanging the heat of the raw synthesis gas into heating medium used for heating and forming cooled raw synthesis gas, a filtration unit for cleaning the cooled raw synthesis gas to form refined synthesis gas suitable as a fuel for an internal combustion engine, an internal combustion engine where the refined synthesis gas is burnt to produce mechanical power, ducts for connecting different parts of the plant to each other a raw gas burner arranged after the gasifier to burn the raw synthesis gas formed in the gasifier during the time when the refined synthesis gas is not utilized in the internal combustion engine. A method for treating raw synthesis gas a combined heat and power plant is also disclosed.

DIRECT-FIRED HEATING METHOD AND FACILITY FOR IMPLEMENTING SAME

BIOMASS GASIFICATION DEVICE

The present invention provides a biomass gasification device that optimizes the pyrolysis temperature of biomass, the reforming temperature of pyrolysis gas, and the atmosphere thereof to generate a reformed gas containing a large amount of valuable gas. The present invention related to a biomass gasification device that is provided with a biomass pyrolyzer, a pyrolysis gas reformer, and a pyrolysis gas introduction pipe, wherein: the biomass pyrolyzer is further provided with a heat carrier inlet and outlet ports, and performs pyrolysis on the biomass by heat of the heat carrier; the pyrolysis gas reformer performs steam-reforming on pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis of biomass; the pyrolysis gas reformer is further provided with an air or oxygen blow-in port; and the pyrolysis gas introduction pipe is provided on the biomass pyrolyzer-side surface below the upper surface of the heat carrier layer formed in the biomass pyrolyzer. 1. A biomass gasification device , comprising:a biomass pyrolytic reactor comprising a biomass inlet and a non-oxidizing gas inlet and/or a steam inlet;a pyrolyzed gas reforming reactor comprising a steam inlet and a reformed gas outlet;a pyrolyzed gas introducing pipe for introducing a pyrolyzed gas generated in the biomass pyrolytic reactor into the pyrolyzed gas reforming reactor, the pyrolyzed gas introducing pipe being provided between the biomass pyrolytic reactor and the pyrolyzed gas reforming reactor, wherein:the biomass pyrolytic reactor further comprises an introduction port and a discharge port for a plurality of preheated granules and/or lumps, and performs pyrolysis of biomass by using heat of the plurality of granules and/or lumps; andthe pyrolyzed gas reforming reactor performs steam reforming of the pyrolyzed gas generated by the pyrolysis of the biomass,the biomass gasification device being characterized in that:the pyrolyzed gas reforming reactor further comprises an air or oxygen inlet, and performs the steam ...

Pulse detonation shockwave gasifier

Gasifiers, gasification systems, and methods for producing synthesis gas are disclosed. A gasifier can include a gasifier body. A feeder can be positioned to feed an organic material into the gasifier body. A pulse detonation burner can be located under or above the gasifier body and connected to the gasifier body to direct supersonic shockwaves upward into the gasifier body to heat the organic material and to form a jet spouted bed of the organic material or to operate as an entrained flow reactor. An outlet can be located at the gasifier body to allow removal of synthesis gas, residual ash, and other reaction products.

Process for producing carbon black from wastes containing it

The present invention relates to a process for isolating carbon black by feed of wastes containing carbon black into a gasification and the feed of the carbon-monoxide-containing product gas as such or after enrichment of the carbon monoxide from 0 % enrichment to 100 % enrichment into a carbon-black-generating plant.

Systems and methods for gasifying a feedstock

Systems and methods for gasifying a feedstock are provided. The method can include combining one or more feedstocks and one or more solid components in a treatment zone to provide a treated feedstock. At least a portion of the treated feedstock can be introduced to a reaction zone of a gasifier. The one or more solid components can have an average density and an average cross-sectional size that adjusts at least one of an average density of solids within a solids bed of the gasifier and an average cross-sectional size of the solids within the solids bed of the gasifier.

Reaction device and reaction method for grading conversion combined fluidized bed

Hybrid electric-combustion power plant

This is a procedure for producing power and a hybrid power generation unit for practicing such a process. In particular, the procedure uses a thermal or catalytic cracker to partially crack or partially pyrolyze a liquid petroleum fuel to produce a gaseous stream containing hydrogen (and perhaps methane or other short-chain hydrocarbons) and a liquid hydrocarbon intermediate fuel. The hydrogen is then used in a fuel cell to produce electricity which then used in a linear or rotary electric motor. The intermediate liquid fuel is then fed to an internal or external combustion engine for further production of mechanical power. Most preferred of the combustion engines is one running on an Atkinson cycle.

Feed location for gasification of plastics and solid fossil fuels

Pre-ground plastics of small particle size not more than 2 mm are co-fed into a solid fossil fuel fed entrained flow partial oxidation gasifier. A syngas composition can be made by charging an oxidant and a feedstock composition comprising recycle plastics and a solid fossil fuel to a gasification zone within a gasifier; gasifying the feedstock composition together with the oxidant in said gasification zone to produce said syngas composition; and discharging at least a portion of said syngas composition from said gasifier; wherein the recycled plastics are added to a feed point comprising a solid fossil fuel belt feeding a grinder after the solid fossil fuel is loaded on the belt, a solid fossil fuel belt feeding a grinder before the solid fossil fuel is loaded onto the belt, or a solid fossil fuel slurry storage tank containing a slurry of said solid fossil fuel ground to a size as the size fed to the gasification zone.

Biomass gasification device

The present invention provides a biomass gasification device that optimizes the pyrolysis temperature of biomass, the reforming temperature of pyrolysis gas, and the atmosphere thereof to generate a reformed gas containing a large amount of valuable gas. The present invention related to a biomass gasification device that is provided with a biomass pyrolyzer, a pyrolysis gas reformer, and a pyrolysis gas introduction pipe, wherein: the biomass pyrolyzer is further provided with a heat carrier inlet and outlet ports, and performs pyrolysis on the biomass by heat of the heat carrier; the pyrolysis gas reformer performs steam-reforming on pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis of biomass; the pyrolysis gas reformer is further provided with an air or oxygen blow-in port; and the pyrolysis gas introduction pipe is provided on the biomass pyrolyzer-side surface below the upper surface of the heat carrier layer formed in the biomass pyrolyzer.

GASIFICATION OF PLASTICS AND SOLID FOSSIL FUELS

Pre-ground plastics of small particle size not more than 2 mm are co-fed into a solid fossil fuel fed entrained flow partial oxidation gasifier. High solids concentrations in the feedstock stream can be obtained without significant impact on the feedstock stream stability and pumpability. A consistent quality of syngas can be continuously produced, including generation of carbon dioxide and a carbon monoxide/hydrogen ratio while stably operating the gasifier and avoiding the high tar generation of fluidized bed or fixed bed waste gasifiers and without impacting the operations of the gasifier. The subsequent syngas produced from this material can be used to produce a wide range of chemicals. 19-. (canceled)10. A feedstock slurry composition comprising recycle plastics , a solid fossil fuel , and water , wherein the recycle plastics have a particle size of not more than 2 mm , and the solid fossil fuel in the feedstock composition has a particle size of less than 2 mm , the solids content in the slurry is at least 62 wt. % , the amount of recycle plastics present in the feedstock stream slurry composition is 0.1 wt. % and up to 25 wt. % based on the weight of all solids , and the water is at least 20 wt. % based on the weight of the feedstock slurry composition , and wherein either:a. the slurry is stable as determined by having an initial viscosity of 100,000 cP or less at 5 minutes using a Brookfield R/S Rheometer equipped with V80-40 vane operating at a shear rate of 1.83/s or a Brookfield viscometer with an LV-2 spindle rotating at a rate of 0.5 rpm, measured at ambient conditions; orb. the slurry is pumpable as determined by having a viscosity of less than 30,000 cP after mixing to obtain a homogeneous distribution of solids throughout the slurry and using a Brookfield R/S Rheometer equipped with V80-40 vane operating at a shear rate of 1.83/s or a Brookfield viscometer with an LV-2 spindle rotating at a rate of 0.5 measured at ambient conditions, orc. both.11. ...

DIRECT-FIRED HEATING METHOD AND FACILITY FOR IMPLEMENTING SAME

Process for utilizing a pumpable fuel from highly dewatered sewage sludge

A process for disposing of sewage sludge comprising the steps of, (1) dewatering the sewage sludge to produce amorphous sewage sludge having a solids content of about 28 to 50 wt. %; (2) heating said amorphous sewage sludge at about 150 DEG F. to 510 DEG F. in the absence of air for 3 seconds to 60 minutes and mildly shearing the sewage sludge, thereby producing a pumpable feed slurry of sewage sludge having a viscosity in the range of about 400 to 1500 centipoise and a higher heating value in the range of about 5000 to 9500 BTU/LB; and (3) burning said pumpable slurry from (2) in a partial oxidation gasifier, furnace, boiler, or incinerator to produce an effluent gas stream. In one embodiment, the effluent gas stream is cleaned and purified and non-contaminating fly-ash and slag are separated. The fly-ash may be mixed with the sewage sludge in the process to facilitate separation of water during pressing and to encapsulate the non-combustible materials in the sewage sludge. The encapsulated ...

Gasification of plastics and solid fossil fuels to produce organic compounds

Pre-ground plastics of small particle size not more than 2 mm are co-fed into a solid fossil fuel fed entrained flow partial oxidation gasifier. High solids concentrations in the feedstock stream can be obtained without significant impact on the feedstock stream stability and pumpability. A consistent quality of syngas can be continuously produced, including generation of carbon dioxide and a carbon monoxide/hydrogen ratio while stably operating the gasifier and avoiding the high tar generation of fluidized bed or fixed bed waste gasifiers and without impacting the operations of the gasifier. The subsequent syngas produced from this material can be used to produce a wide range of chemicals.

GASIFICATION OF PLASTICS AND SOLID FOSSIL FUELS TO PRODUCE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Pre-ground plastics of small particle size not more than 2 mm are co-fed into a solid fossil fuel fed entrained flow partial oxidation gasifier. High solids concentrations in the feedstock stream can be obtained without significant impact on the feedstock stream stability and pumpability. A consistent quality of syngas can be continuously produced, including generation of carbon dioxide and a carbon monoxide/hydrogen ratio while stably operating the gasifier and avoiding the high tar generation of fluidized bed or fixed bed waste gasifiers and without impacting the operations of the gasifier. The subsequent syngas produced from this material can be used to produce a wide range of chemicals.

FEED LOCATION FOR GASIFICATION OF PLASTICS AND SOLID FOSSIL FUELS

Pre-ground plastics of small particle size not more than 2 mm are co-fed into a solid fossil fuel fed entrained flow partial oxidation gasifier. A syngas composition can be made by charging an oxidant and a feedstock composition comprising recycle plastics and a solid fossil fuel to a gasification zone within a gasifier; gasifying the feedstock composition together with the oxidant in said gasification zone to produce said syngas composition; and discharging at least a portion of said syngas composition from said gasifier; wherein the recycled plastics are added to a feed point comprising a solid fossil fuel belt feeding a grinder after the solid fossil fuel is loaded on the belt, a solid fossil fuel belt feeding a grinder before the solid fossil fuel is loaded onto the belt, or a solid fossil fuel slurry storage tank containing a slurry of said solid fossil fuel ground to a size as the size fed to the gasification zone. 2. The process of claim 1 , wherein said gasifier is an entrained flow slagging gasifier.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to a solid fossil fuel grinder or to a belt containing a fossil fuel feeding the grinder.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to the solid fossil fuel in a low-pressure section that has a lower pressure that the pressure within the gasifier.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to solid fossil fuel on a feed belt.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are deposited onto a belt before solid fossil fuel is added onto the belt.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the solid fossil fuel is on top of the recycle plastics on the belt.8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to solid fossil fuel on a coal feed belt.9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to a grinding mill containing coal and water.10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to a slurry ...

Process for utilizing a pumpable fuel from highly dewatered sewage sludge

A process for disposing of sewage sludge comprising the steps of, (1) dewatering the sewage sludge to produce amorphous sewage sludge having a solids content of about 28 to 50 wt. %; (2) heating said amorphous sewage sludge at about 150° F. to 510° F. in the absence of air for 3 seconds to 60 minutes and mildly shearing the sewage sludge, thereby producing a pumpable feed slurry of sewage sludge having a viscosity in the range of about 400 to 1500 centipoise and a higher heating value in the range of about 5000 to 9500 BTU/LB; and (3) burning said pumpable slurry from (2) in a partial oxidation gasifier, furnace, boiler, or incinerator to produce an effluent gas stream. In one embodiment, the effluent gas stream is cleaned and purified and non-contaminating fly-ash and slag are separated. The fly-ash may be mixed with the sewage sludge in the process to facilitate separation of water during pressing and to encapsulate the non-combustible materials in the sewage sludge. The encapsulated ...

Direct-fired heating method and facility for implementing same

The invention relates to a direct-fired heating method and to a facility for implementing same, According to said method, a load is heated in a furnace with heat generated by burning fuel with an oxidant; the smoke generated is evacuated from the furnace, the evacuated smoke containing residual heat energy; residual heat energy is recovered from the evacuated smoke and introduced into a synthesis reactor wherein syngas is produced; and at least part of the syngas is burned in the furnace in order to heat the load.

BIOMASS GASIFICATION DEVICE

Feed location for gasification of plastics and solid fossil fuels

Pre-ground plastics of small particle size not more than 2 mm are co-fed into a solid fossil fuel fed entrained flow partial oxidation gasifier. A syngas composition can be made by charging an oxidant and a feedstock composition comprising recycle plastics and a solid fossil fuel to a gasification zone within a gasifier; gasifying the feedstock composition together with the oxidant in said gasification zone to produce said syngas composition; and discharging at least a portion of said syngas composition from said gasifier; wherein the recycled plastics are added to a feed point comprising a solid fossil fuel belt feeding a grinder after the solid fossil fuel is loaded on the belt, a solid fossil fuel belt feeding a grinder before the solid fossil fuel is loaded onto the belt, or a solid fossil fuel slurry storage tank containing a slurry of said solid fossil fuel ground to a size as the size fed to the gasification zone.

Coupled fluidized bed graded conversion reaction device and reaction method

Gasification of plastics and solid fossil fuels

Pre-ground plastics of small particle size not more than 2 mm are co-fed into a solid fossil fuel fed entrained flow partial oxidation gasifier. High solids concentrations in the feedstock stream can be obtained without significant impact on the feedstock stream stability and pumpability. A consistent quality of syngas can be continuously produced, including generation of carbon dioxide and a carbon monoxide/hydrogen ratio while stably operating the gasifier and avoiding the high tar generation of fluidized bed or fixed bed waste gasifiers and without impacting the operations of the gasifier. The subsequent syngas produced from this material can be used to produce a wide range of chemicals.

PROCEDE DE PREPARATION DE MELANGES GAZEUX DE MONOXYDE DE CARBONE ET D'HYDROGENE

Hybrid fuel-cell electric-combustion power system using complete pyrolysis

This is a procedure for producing mechanical power and a hybrid power generation unit for practicing such a process. In particular, the procedure uses a thermal or catalytic cracker to crack or to pyrolyze (partially or completely) a liquid or gaseous petroleum fuel to produce a primary gaseous stream primarily containing hydrogen (and likely methane or other short-chain hydrocarbons). The hydrogen may be used in a fuel cell to produce electricity, which electricity is used in a linear or rotary electric motor. In the preferred procedure, the residuum of the pyrolyzed feedstock is laid down in the reactor. A regeneration step is used to remove that residuum and produce a carbon monoxide-rich gas which then may be introduced to an internal or external combustion engine for further production of mechanical power. Most preferred of the combustion engines is one having high thermal efficiency. This combination of pyrolysis, fuel cell, and high efficiency heat engine results in a procedure and ...

Combined heat and power plant and a method for improving the burning process in a combined heat and power plant

A combined heat and power plant includes a gasifier, a heat exchanger arranged to reduce the temperature of the raw synthesis gas formed in the gasifier by exchanging the heat of the raw synthesis gas into heating medium used for heating and forming cooled raw synthesis gas, a filtration unit for cleaning the cooled raw synthesis gas to form refined synthesis gas suitable as a fuel for an internal combustion engine, an internal combustion engine where the refined synthesis gas is burnt to produce mechanical power, ducts for connecting different parts of the plant to each other a raw gas burner arranged after the gasifier to burn the raw synthesis gas formed in the gasifier during the time when the refined synthesis gas is not utilized in the internal combustion engine. A method for treating raw synthesis gas a combined heat and power plant is also disclosed.

Systems and methods for gasifying a feedstock

Systems and methods for gasifying a feedstock are provided. The method can include combining one or more feedstocks and one or more solid components in a treatment zone to provide a treated feedstock. At least a portion of the treated feedstock can be introduced to a reaction zone of a gasifier. The one or more solid components can have an average density and an average cross-sectional size that adjusts at least one of an average density of solids within a solids bed of the gasifier and an average cross-sectional size of the solids within the solids bed of the gasifier.

System and method for production of fischer-tropsch synthesis products and power

A method for generation of power and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products by producing synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide, producing Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products and Fischer-Tropsch tailgas from a first portion of the synthesis gas, and generating power from a second portion of the synthesis gas, from at least a portion of the Fischer-Tropsch tailgas, or from both. The method may also comprise conditioning at least a portion of the synthesis gas and/or upgrading at least a portion of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products. A system for carrying out the method is also provided.

GASIFIER FLUIDIZATION

A system for the production of synthesis gas, including a gasification apparatus configured to convert at least a portion of a gasifier feed material introduced thereto into a gasification product gas comprising synthesis gas having a molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide; at least one additional apparatus selected from the group consisting of feed preparation apparatus located upstream of the gasification apparatus, synthesis gas conditioning apparatus, and synthesis gas utilization apparatus; and at least one line fluidly connecting the at least one additional apparatus or an outlet of the gasification apparatus with the at least one vessel of the gasification apparatus, whereby a gas from the at least one additional apparatus or exiting the gasification apparatus may provide at least one non-steam component of a fluidization gas. A method of utilizing the system is also provided. 1. A system for the production of synthesis gas , the system comprising:a gasification apparatus configured to convert at least a portion of a gasifier feed material introduced thereto into a gasification product gas comprising synthesis gas having a molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide, wherein the gasification apparatus comprises at least one vessel configured for fluidization of the contents thereof via introduction thereto of a fluidization gas comprising at least one non-steam component;at least one additional apparatus selected from the group consisting of feed preparation apparatus located upstream of the gasification apparatus and configured to prepare a carbonaceous material for introduction into the gasification apparatus; synthesis gas conditioning apparatus configured to produce a conditioned synthesis gas having a molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide that is different from the molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide in the gasification product gas, to provide a conditioned synthesis gas having a reduced amount of at least one component relative to the ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PRODUCTION OF FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS PRODUCTS AND POWER

A gasification system including a gasifier operable to produce, from a carbonaceous feedstock, a gasification product gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide, a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor configured to produce Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products and a Fischer-Tropsch tailgas from a first portion of the gasification product gas, and power production apparatus configured to generate power from a second portion of the gasification product gas, at least a portion of the Fischer-Tropsch tailgas, or both. A method for operating the system is also provided. 1. A gasification system comprising:a gasifier operable to produce, from a carbonaceous feedstock, a gasification product gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide;a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor configured to produce Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products and a Fischer-Tropsch tailgas from a first portion of the gasification product gas; andpower production apparatus configured to generate power from a second portion of the gasification product gas, at least a portion of the Fischer-Tropsch tailgas, or both.2. The system of optionally comprising conditioning apparatus configured to alter the composition of the gasification product gas claim 1 , and further comprising:(a) a fluid connection between the gasifier and the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor; a fluid connection between the synthesis gas conditioning apparatus and the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor; or both; and(b) a fluid connection between the gasifier and the power production apparatus; a fluid connection between the synthesis gas conditioning apparatus and the power production apparatus; or both.3. The system of further comprising product upgrading apparatus configured to alter the composition of at least a portion of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products.4. The system of wherein the product upgrading apparatus is configured to provide at least one product selected from the group consisting of primarily naphtha products and primarily diesel ...

MICRO-GASIFIER ARRAY NETWORKING

A method is described for integrating a plurality of micro-gasifiers comprising gasifiers, filters, and engine sets or turbine gensets or combined cycle gensets by linking them via a common bus wherein air flow and engine fuel flow is regulated by valves controlling gas flow between the bus and engine genset or turbine genset or combined cycle genset. 1. A multi-gasifier array , comprising:a common gasifier bus connecting two or more micro-gasifier systems, each micro-gasifier system comprising a gasifier, a filter and a genset; anda plurality of airflow valves for regulating the flow of gas within the micro-gasifier array;wherein the plurality of airflow valves are: adjusted to draw air or syngas or hydrogen or natural gas from the gasifier bus and create a partial vacuum on the gasifier bus which is initially filled with air, thus offsetting part of the air flow normally supplied by the engine air input valve;and adjusted to regulate an amount of input gas to the genset to create a pressure delta between the gasifier bus and atmospheric conditions.2. The multi-gasifier array of claim 1 , wherein:the genset comprises an engine genset, a turbine genset or a combined cycle genset; andthe plurality of valves includes a first valve comprising a gasifier output valve that regulates a rate in which air is drawn through the gasifier.3. The multi-gasifier array of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of valves includes a second valve comprising a bi-directional gasifier bus valve that regulates the flow of gas from the gasifier to the gasifier bus claim 2 , or regulates the flow of gas from the gasifier bus to the genset claim 2 , or closes to isolate the micro-gasifier system from the gasifier bus.4. The multi-gasifier array of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of valves includes a third valve comprising an engine fuel input valve that regulates an amount of input fuel gas to the genset and helps regulate a pressure delta between the gasifier bus and atmospheric conditions.5. ...

SYSTEM FOR GASIFICATION OF SOLID WASTE AND METHOD OF OPERATION

A system and method of producing syngas is provided. The system includes a low tar gasification generator that receives at least a first and second feedstock stream, such as a solid waste stream. The first and second feedstock streams are mixed and gasified to produce a first gas stream. An operating parameter is measured and a ratio of the first and second feedstock streams is changed in response to the measurement. 1. A system for converting solid waste material to a syngas comprising:a feedstock module configured to receive at least a first feedstock stream and a second feedstock stream, the second feedstock stream being different than the first feedstock stream, the feedstock module being further configured to mix the first feedstock stream and the second feedstock stream at a first ratio to produce a first refuse derived feedstock;an input module having a low tar gasification generator configured to produce a first gas stream in response to receiving the refuse derived feedstock, the first gas stream including hydrogen;a process module fluidly coupled to receive the first gas stream, the process module including at least one clean-up process module configured to remove at least one contaminant from the first gas stream and produce a second gas stream containing hydrogen;a first sensor arranged to measure a first operating parameter; anda control system coupled for communication to the feedstock module and the sensor, the control system having a processor responsive to executable computer instructions for changing the ratio of the first mixture of the first feedstock stream to the second feedstock stream to a second ratio in response to receiving the first parameter.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first operating parameter is a temperature of the syngas entering the process module.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the second feedstock stream has a higher energy content than the first feedstock stream.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the temperature is ...

Gas recycle loops in process for converting municipal solid waste into ethanol

Facilities and processes for generating ethanol from municipal solid waste (MSW) in an economical way via generating a syngas, passing the syngas through a catalytic synthesis reactor, separating fuel grade ethanol, extracting energy at particular strategic points, and recycling undesired byproducts.

Chlorination of processing residues as a variable load for grid scale electrical load following and storage

Disclosed are systems and methods having inherent carbon capture and conversion capabilities offering maximum flexibility, efficiency, and economics while simultaneously enabling environmentally and sustainably sound practices. A hybrid thermochemical cycle couples staged reforming with hydrogen production and residue chlorination. The residues of the upgrading are chlorinated, metals of interest are removed and bulk material is re-mineralized. Through the residue chlorination process, various metals including rare earths are concentrated and extracted. Energy is retained through chemical synthesis such as hydrocarbon and metal and non-metal chloride production. Produced chemicals are later exploited by redox reactions in the operation of an integrated gasification flow battery. 1. A method for the integration of carbochlorination into a staged reforming operation , the method comprising:delivering a carbonaceous feedstock to at least one thermal decomposition stage wherein the feedstock is volatized through at least one thermochemical decomposition process yielding a carbon gas stream and a produced ash;chlorinating the produced ash in a carbochlorination process to produce a chloride gas stream comprising metal chlorides, non-metal chlorides, and oxychlorides and a multi-phase residue comprising a molten or semi-molten salt, metal, or metal compound; andhydrolyzing at least some portion of the chloride gas stream within a molten salt hydrolyzer to produce a byproduct stream and recycling chlorine for use in the aforementioned carbochlorination process.2. A method for the integration of carbochlorination into a staged reforming operation , the method comprising:converting a carbonaceous feedstock to a carbon gas stream and a produced ash;chlorinating the produced ash to produce a chloride gas stream;hydrolyzing at least some portion of the chloride gas stream with a basic pH reactant to produce a water gas;reacting a hydrogen or hydrocarbon gas with the carbon gas ...

BIOSOLID TREATMENT PROCESS AND SYSTEM

A biosolids treatment system that treats human biosolids to produce thermal energy for self-consumption for the production of beneficial use products including low carbon ash, high carbon activated biochar, and Class A biosolids. The system includes a variable feed conveyor that conveys a biosolid feed into a dryer; a dryer that dries the biosolid feed to a predetermined moisture content to create one of a beneficial use products, where the predetermined moisture content is controlled by varying the speed of variable feed conveyors and a variable feed mixer; and a gasifier that converts the biosolid feed into two of the beneficial use products. 1. A biosolids treatment system that treats human biosolids to produce beneficial use products including low carbon ash , high carbon activated biochar , and Class A biosolids , the system comprising:a variable feed conveyor that conveys a biosolid feed into a dryer;a dryer that dries the biosolid feed to a predetermined moisture content to create one of a beneficial use products, wherein the predetermined moisture content is controlled by varying a speed of the variable feed conveyor; anda gasifier that converts the biosolid feed into usable thermal energy for system use and at least one of the beneficial use products.2. The biosolids treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the dryer creates low carbon ash and the gasifier creates high carbon activated biochar and Class A biosolids.3. The biosolids treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the treatment system includes a blended air intake to temper flue gas entering a dryer claim 1 , wherein the blended air controls a target temperature in the dryer.4. The biosolids treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the treatment system includes a fan to recirculate moist dryer exhaust to temper flue gas entering a dryer claim 1 , wherein the blended air controls a target temperature in the dryer and reduces NOx emissions.5. The biosolids treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the system is ...

METHOD FOR THE INTEGRATION OF CARBOCHLORINATION INTO A STAGED REFORMING OPERATION AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO DIRECT RESIDUE OXIDATION FOR THE RECOVERY OF VALUABLE METALS

Method of combining industrial processes having inherent carbon capture and conversion capabilities offering maximum flexibility, efficiency, and economics while enabling environmentally and sustainably sound practices. Maximum chemical energy is retained throughout feedstock processing. A hybrid thermochemical cycle couples staged reforming with hydrogen production and chlorination. Hydrogen generated is used to upgrade feedstocks including bitumen, shale, coal, and biomass. Residues of upgrading are chlorinated, metals of interest are removed, and the remainder is reacted with ammonia solution and carbon dioxide to form carbonate minerals. The combination provides emissions free production of synthetic crude oil and derivatives, as well as various metals and fertilizers. Sand and carbonate minerals are potentially the only waste streams. Through this novel processing, major carbon dioxide reduction is afforded byminimizing direct oxidation. Supplemental heat to run the reactions is obtained through external means such as concentrated solar, geothermal, or nuclear. 2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the combined featuresof the integrated processes reduce the needed capacity and costs of pollution control mechanisms as well as allowing for the complete elimination of carbon dioxide emissions through mineralization and/or conversion by removing portions of the product gas stream and subsequently recycling the remaining gases back though the process for further reaction;in the case of carbon dioxide, involving its reaction to carbon monoxide, conversion to synthesis gas, and its subsequent processing to synthetic petrochemicals.3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the combined featuresare modified or expanded to accommodate the industrial processes of petrochemical production, conventional or non-conventional hydrocarbon refining operations, bio-refining, metal refining, rare earth separation, ceramics fabrication, glass production, fertilizer ...

INCLINED ROTARY GASIFIER WASTE TO ENERGY SYSTEM

A gasifier system includes a reactor for receiving a wet feedstock which has a base and a container rotatably connected to the base such that a rotation of the container causes a mixing of the feedstock in an interior of the reactor. The interior is bounded by the base and the container. A space between the base and the container allows an entry of oxygen into the interior. The space has a dimension such that the feedstock is fully oxidized in a combustion area adjacent the base and such that the feedstock avoids combustion in a remainder of the interior. The reactor has a longitudinal axis inclined at an inclination angle relative to a horizontal line to promote the mixing of the feedstock in the interior. 1. A gasifier system comprising:a reactor for receiving a wet feedstock, said reactor comprising a base and a container rotatably connected to said base such that a rotation of said container causes mixing of the feedstock in an interior of the reactor, the interior bounded by said base and said container;a space between said base and said container to allow an entry of oxygen into said interior, said space having a dimension such that the feedstock is fully oxidized in a combustion area adjacent said base and such that the feedstock avoids combustion in a remainder of said interior; andsaid reactor having a longitudinal axis inclined at an inclination angle relative to a horizontal line to promote the mixing of the feedstock in the interior.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein said base comprises a self-locating floating plate configured to retain combusting feedstock within the rotating reactor.322. The system of claim 2 , wherein said angle of inclination comprises an angle of greater than degrees relative to the horizontal line.4. The system of claim 1 , further comprising an outer casing having an inner surface claim 1 , said inner surface and an outer surface of said reactor bounding a temperature control cavity coupled to a source of heated gas such that a ...

Processes For Producing High Biogenic Concentration Fischer-Tropsch Liquids Derived From Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW) Feedstocks

Processes for producing high biogenic concentration Fischer-Tropsch liquids derived from the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (MSW) feedstock that contains a relatively high concentration of biogenic carbon (derived from plants) and a relatively low concentration of non-biogenic carbon (derived from fossil sources) wherein the biogenic content of the Fischer-Tropsch liquids is the same as the biogenic content of the feedstock. 1. A transportation fuel or fuel additive derived from biogenic carbon materials , the fuel derived from a process comprising the steps of:a) in a feedstock processing step, removing non-biogenic derived carbon materials and non-carbonaceous materials from municipal solid waste that contain materials that are produced from plant derived carbon (biogenic) as well as non-biogenic derived carbon (fossil based) materials, to produce a feedstock that contains a relatively high concentration of biogenic carbon and a relatively low concentration of non-biogenic carbons along with other non-carbonaceous materials from the municipal solid waste; andb) converting the processed feedstock into Fischer-Tropsch liquids in a bio-refinery while maintaining the relatively high concentration of biogenic carbon and the relatively low concentration of non-biogenic carbon along with other non-carbonaceous materials from the municipal solid waste; andc) upgrading the Fischer-Tropsch liquids into a transportation fuel or fuel additive.2. The transportation fuel or additive derived by the process according to wherein the feedstock processing step includes at least two processing steps.3. The transportation fuel or additive derived by the process according to wherein claim 1 , in the feedstock processing step claim 1 , more than about 10% of the non-biogenic derived carbon materials are purposefully removed from the municipal solid waste.4. The transportation fuel or additive derived by the process according to wherein claim 1 , in the feedstock processing ...

FEED ZONE DELIVERY SYSTEM HAVING CARBONACEOUS FEEDSTOCK DENSITY REDUCTION AND GAS MIXING

A feedstock delivery system transfers a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas generation system. The feedstock delivery system includes a splitter for splitting bulk carbonaceous material into a plurality of carbonaceous material streams. Each stream is processed using a weighing system for gauging the quantity of carbonaceous material, a densification system for forming plugs of carbonaceous material, a de-densification system for breaking up the plugs of carbonaceous material, and a gas and carbonaceous material mixing system for forming a carbonaceous material and gas mixture. A pressure of the mixing gas is reduced prior to mixing with the carbonaceous material, and the carbonaceous material to gas weight ratio is monitored. A transport assembly conveys the carbonaceous material and gas mixture to a first reactor where at least the carbonaceous material within the mixture is subject to thermochemical reactions to form the product gas. 12050101100104. A feed zone delivery system (A) for transferring carbonaceous material into to an interior () of a first reactor () having a longitudinal reactor axis (AX) and at least one reactor carbonaceous material input (A) , the system comprising:{'b': 2', '1', '2', '02, '(a) a weigh feeder (C) configured to weigh and regulate a mass flow rate of weighed carbonaceous material (C-);'}{'b': 2', '0', '2', '02', '2', '02, '(b) a densification system (D) configured to compress the weighed carbonaceous material (C-) received from the weigh feeder and form a densified carbonaceous material (D-);'}{'b': 2', '1', '2', '02', '2', '0, '(c) a density reduction system (F) configured to reduce the density of the densified carbonaceous material (D-) after it exits the densification system (D) to thereby form de-densified carbonaceous material;'}{'b': 2', '1', '2', '1, 'claim-text': [{'b': '00', '(d1) a mixing chamber (G);'}, {'b': 1', '2', '21', '20', '19', '21', '20', '19, '(d2) a first isolation valve ( ...

Feedstock Processing Systems And Methods For Producing Fischer-Tropsch Liquids And Transportation Fuels

A method for processing feedstock is described, characterized in that incoming feedstock is processed to selectively recover biogenic carbon material from the incoming feedstock. In some embodiments the incoming feedstock is comprised of mixed solid waste, such as municipal solid waste (MSW). In other embodiments the incoming feedstock is comprised of woody biomass. In some instances, the incoming feedstock is processed to selectively recover biogenic carbon material from the incoming feedstock to produce a processed feedstock having biogenic carbon content of 50% and greater suitable for conversion into biogenic carbon Fischer Tropsch liquids. The high biogenic carbon Fischer Tropsch liquids may be upgraded to biogenic carbon liquid fuels. Alternatively, the incoming feedstock is processed to selectively recover plastic material from the incoming feedstock to produce a processed feedstock having biogenic carbon content of 50% or less. 1. A method for processing feedstock , characterized in that incoming feedstock is processed to selectively recover biogenic carbon material from the incoming feedstock.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the incoming feedstock is comprised of mixed solid waste.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein in the incoming feedstock is comprised of woody biomass.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mixed solid waste is municipal solid waste (MSW).5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the mixed solid waste is comprised of wet organic waste claim 2 , dry organic waste and inorganic waste that is comingled.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the incoming feedstock is processed to selectively recover biogenic carbon material from the incoming feedstock to produce a processed feedstock having biogenic carbon content of 50% and greater suitable for conversion into biogenic carbon Fischer Tropsch liquids.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the high biogenic carbon Fischer Tropsch liquids are upgraded to biogenic carbon liquid fuels.8. The method of claim 5 ...

APPARATUSES, SYSTEMS, STAGING HOPPERS, AND METHODS FOR CONTROLLING CONTINUOUS FEED OF FEEDSTOCK TO A GASIFIER

Apparatuses, systems, staging hoppers, and methods for controlling continuous feed of feedstock into a gasifier are described. An example method staging feedstock in a staging hopper of a gasification system, and activating a stirrer to provide the feedstock to from the staging hopper to a gasifier of the gasification system. The gasifier is configured to gasify the feedstock to produce syngas. 1. A system comprising:a staging hopper connected to a hopper, the staging hopper comprising a stirrer configured to continuously supply biomass feedstock to an outlet; anda gasifier configured to receive the biomass feedstock from the outlet of the staging hopper and to gasify the biomass feedstock to provide syngas from a syngas outlet.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the stirrer comprises a shaft extending through the floor of the staging hopper and sweep members affixed to the shaft above the floor of the staging hopper claim 1 , the shaft configured to rotate the sweep members to flow the biomass feedstock to an outlet connected to the gasifier.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the staging hopper further comprises an electric motor configured to rotate the shaft.4. The system of claim 3 , further comprising a controller configured to control a stir cycle frequency of the electric motor based on properties of the gasifier.5. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a transfer mechanism configured to transfer biomass feedstock from the hopper to the staging hopper responsive to a level of the staging hopper falling below a low threshold.6. The system of claim 5 , further comprising one or more sensors configured to indicate the level of biomass in the staging hopper.7. The system of claim 5 , wherein the staging hopper further comprises airlock valves that are configured to allow the gasifier to operate while the transfer mechanism is transferring the biomass feedstock from the hopper to the staging hopper.8. The system of claim 5 , wherein the transfer mechanism ...

Method for forming synthesis gas using a plasma-catalyzed fuel reformer

A method of forming a synthesis gas utilizing a reformer is disclosed. The method utilizes a reformer that includes a plasma zone to receive a pre-heated mixture of reactants and ionize the reactants by applying an electrical potential thereto. A first thermally conductive surface surrounds the plasma zone and is configured to transfer heat from an external heat source into the plasma zone. The reformer further includes a reaction zone to chemically transform the ionized reactants into synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide. A second thermally conductive surface surrounds the reaction zone and is configured to transfer heat from the external heat source into the reaction zone. The first thermally conductive surface and second thermally conductive surface are both directly exposed to the external heat source. A corresponding apparatus and system are also disclosed herein.

Method Of Gasification Of Waste, In Particular Household Waste And The Apparatus For Performing Such A Method

A system and process for the gasification of waste, particularly household waste, in an apparatus comprising a gasification system for waste treatment and gasifier. 1. A process for the gasification of waste , particularly household waste , in an apparatus comprising a gasification system for waste treatment and gas generator , comprising the following successive steps:(a) start-up,(b) loading of waste into the waste processing,(c) processing waste, starting from step (c1) shredding the waste in a system for processing waste,(d) passing treated waste from the processing of waste to the gasifier,(e) producing synthesis gas in the gasifier,(f) producing electricity and/or heat from the synthesis gas,characterised in that (c2) drying the waste,', '(c3) granulation of the dried waste obtained from step (c2),', '(c4) compression of the granulate produced in step (c3)', 'wherein step (d) is passing compressed granules of step (c4) to step (e), the interval between steps (c1)-(c4) and step (e) may be any, and excess unused energy produced in step (f) is stored., 'step (c) comprises a sequence of steps'}2. Method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the waste disposed includes wood claim 1 , paper claim 1 , cardboard claim 1 , plastics claim 1 , organic matter claim 1 , in particular food.3. Method according to claim 1 , characterised in that after the execution of step (e) claim 1 , the transfer of the produced syngas for power generation plants and/or heat claim 1 , preferably a power generator and/or boiler.4. Method according to claim 1 , characterised in that after the performance of step (f) the device is switched off.5. Method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the residue from step (e) as a solid claim 1 , in particular ash claim 1 , and gaseous is discharged outside the system by a dedicated ventilation system.6. Method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the unused excess energy produced in step (f) is stored in at least one battery ...

Efficient Volatile Metal Removal from Low Rank Coal in Gasification, Combustion, and Processing Systems and Methods

Efficient coal pre-processing systems () integrated with gasification, oxy-combustion, and power plant systems include a drying chamber (), a volatile metal removal chamber (), recirculated gases, including recycled carbon dioxide (), nitrogen (), and gaseous exhaust () for increasing the efficiencies and lowering emissions in various coal processing systems. 160-. (canceled)61. An efficient method for coal gasification comprising the steps of:supplying wet coal in a coal gasification system assembly;feeding said wet coal into at least one chamber of said coal gasification system assembly;drying said wet coal in said at least one chamber to create a substantially dried coal having a coal temperature of up to about 300° F.;removing volatile metals from said substantially dried coal in said at least one chamber to create a volatile metal reduced dried coal having a coal temperature of up to about 600° F.;transferring said volatile metal reduced dried coal to a gasifier;producing syngas from said volatile metal reduced dried coal in said gasifier;filtering said syngas from particulate matter;separating carbon dioxide from said syngas to create a fuel gas supply and a downstream carbon dioxide supply; andrecirculating said downstream carbon dioxide back into at least part of said coal gasification system assembly.62. An efficient method for coal gasification according to and further comprising the step of using said fuel gas supply to produce electricity.63. An efficient method for coal gasification according to and further comprising the step of using said fuel gas supply to produce chemicals.64. An efficient method for coal gasification according to wherein said step of recirculating said downstream carbon dioxide back into at least part of said coal gasification system assembly comprises the step of heating said downstream carbon dioxide with a heat exchanger and directing said carbon dioxide to said at least part of said coal gasification system assembly.6587. An ...

UNIVERSAL FEEDER WITH CLAMSHELL TRANSFER SCREW

Exemplary apparatus or method implementations for a universal feeder system configured with a transfer screw feeder within a multi-section clamshell pipe permitting access to the feed screw and pipe interior for inspection, maintenance and/or cleaning during production, without disassembly or screw removal. The clamshell screw feeder pipe provides access to the screw by opening or removing the multi-section top portion of the clamshell pipe. The top pipe section is bolted and or hinges to the bottom portion of the clamshell pipe. The number of segmented multiple clamshell top sections depends on the length of the screw. One or more clamshell top sections may be configured with an inspection port. The universal feeder system configured with a transfer screw feeder within a multi-section clamshell pipe transfers feedstock feed from one or more feed vessels to one or more reactor vessel. 1. A universal feeder system for transferring a feedstock feed comprising:a first open-bottom vessel configured to retain and dispense feedstock;a motor operated variable speed live bottom dual screw feeder positioned below and parallel to the open-bottom vessel; said dual screw feeder having a proximal and distal end, wherein said dual screw feeder is operably connected to the open-bottom vessel;a first chute having an open top and bottom; said top juxtaposed to the distal end of the dual screw feeder to receive conveyed material from the feedstock feed; anda first motor operated variable speed transfer screw feeder juxtaposed to and operably coupled with the bottom of the first chute that conveys material; said first transfer screw feeder having a proximal end and a distal end, wherein the first transfer screw feeder is positioned adjacent and perpendicular to the distal end of the live bottom dual screw feeder, wherein the first transfer screw feeder distal end is configured with a flange designed to operably connect the first transfer screw feeder to a second vessel, wherein the ...

Method for removing selenium and apparatus for removing selenium

A method for removing selenium according to the present invention comprises: a valence change step of adding an oxidant to a wastewater from a facility that gasifies a fuel containing selenium in a reducing atmosphere, and oxidizing the selenium to change the valence of the selenium, and a solid-liquid separation step of adding a flocculant to the wastewater, forming a floc containing the selenium for which the valence has been changed in the valence change step, and subjecting the floc to solid-liquid separation.

PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR DUPLEX ROTARY REFORMER

Methods apparatus for producing fuel and power from the reformation of organic waste. Various embodiments include the use of steam to produce syngas in a Fischer-Tropsch reaction, followed by conversion of that syngas product to hydrogen. Some embodiments include the use of a heated auger both to heat the organic waste and further to cool the syngas. 1. A method for calcination of organic material , comprising:providing a kiln having two opposing ends with a waste entrance and a syngas exit at one end and a steam reformer at the other end, and including an internal helical spiral flight rotatable relative to the kiln;conveying a feedstock of organic material from the entrance toward the steam reformer by rotation of the kiln relative to the spiral flight;heating the conveyed organic material by the steam reformer to form hot syngas; andheating the spiral flight by flowing the hot syngas from the other end toward the syngas exit.2. The method of which further comprises inertially separating particulates entrained within the heated organic material by the relative rotation.3. The method of wherein the steam reformer is electrically heated.4. The method of which further comprises grinding inorganic material within the feedstock and removing the ground material from a second exit of the kiln.5. The method of which further comprises preventing the inflow of air into the kiln through the second exit.6. The method of wherein said conveying is by rotating the spiral flight and holding fixed the one end and the other end.7. The method of wherein the spiral flight and a portion of the kiln combine to create an internal gas passage claim 1 , and said heating the spiral flight is by flowing the hot syngas within the internal gas passage.8. An apparatus for calcination of organic material claim 1 , comprising:a kiln including first and second stationary ends and a rotating midsection between the two ends, the first end including an entrance for organic material and an exit for ...

Cellulosic biomass processing for hydorgen extraction

Methods are disclosed for extracting hydrogen from a biomass compound comprising carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen. The biomass may include cellulose, lignin, and/or hemicellulose. Water is combined with the compound to produce a wet form of the compound. The wet form of the compound is transferred into a reaction processing chamber. The wet form of the compound is heated within the reaction chamber such that elements of the compound dissociate and react, with one reaction product comprising hydrogen gas. The hydrogen gas is processed to generate electrical power.

Method and Device for Converting Municipal Waste Into Energy

A method and device for converting municipal waste into energy. This method involves heating the waste in multiple sections of a chamber to produce syngas and biochar. The syngas is removed with a vacuum pump and the biochar advances to the next section and is heated to a higher temperature to release more syngas. All of the collected syngas is then transferred to a bio-reactor that removes dangerous carbon monoxide from the syngas mixture by combining the syngas with hydrogen, causing the carbon monoxide to react with the hydrogen and produce methane and water. The resulting syngas can then be used for electricity production or stored as dimethyl ether. 1) A device for converting solid waste into energy , comprising: an insulated interior;', 'one or more walls defining an interior volume;', 'an opening disposed on a lower end of one or more sidewalls; and', 'door configured to removably seal the opening;, 'a heating chamber comprising an interior volume, wherein the interior volume includes one or more heating sections, wherein each of one or more heating sections comprisea vacuum pump operably connected to the interior volume of each of the one or more heating sections;a bio-reactor operably connected to the vacuum pump;a hydrogen generator operably connected to the bio-reactor and configured to input hydrogen into the bio-reactor;an output port disposed on the bio-reactor.2) The device of claim 1 , wherein a plurality of heating sections are stacked vertically within the heating chamber in order to allow waste therein to be moved from one heating sections to another by gravity.3) The device of claim 1 , wherein the system further comprises a biochar storage tank in fluid communication with a bottom heating section claim 1 , the biochar storage tank containing cooling water.4) The device of further comprising a door opening mechanism operably connected to the door of a heating section claim 1 , such that the door automatically opens once the heating section ...

BIOMASS GASIFICATION POWER GENERATION SYSTEM AND POWER GENERATION METHOD

A biomass gasification power generation system including: a gas generation device that generates a combustible gas from a biomass and a gasification agent; an internal combustion engine that generates motive power from a fuel gas containing the combustible gas generated by the gas generation device; and a generator that generates electric power from the motive power generated by the internal combustion engine. The power generation system is additionally provided with a water electrolysis device that generates oxygen and hydrogen through the electrolysis of water. The gasification agent contains oxygen generated by the water electrolysis device, and the fuel gas contains hydrogen generated by the water electrolysis device. The oxygen concentration in the gasification agent is from 22 vol. % to 40 vol. %. 1. A biomass gasification power generation system comprising: a gas generation device that generates a combustible gas from a biomass and a gasification agent; an internal combustion engine that generates motive power from a fuel gas containing the combustible gas generated by the gas generation device; and a generator that generates electric power from the motive power generated by the internal combustion engine , whereinthe power generation system further comprises a water electrolysis device that generates oxygen and hydrogen through the electrolysis of water, the gasification agent comprises oxygen produced by the water electrolysis device, and the fuel gas comprises hydrogen produced by the water electrolysis device; andan oxygen concentration in the gasification agent is from 22 vol. % to 40 vol. %.2. The biomass gasification power generation system according to claim 1 , further comprising: an oxygen supply device that supplies oxygen generated by the water electrolysis device to the gas generation device; and a hydrogen supply device that supplies hydrogen generated by the water electrolysis device to the internal combustion engine.3. The biomass gasification ...

UNIVERSAL FEEDER FOR GASIFICATION REACTORS

A universal feeder system that combines with a fluidized bed gasification reactor for the treatment of multiple diverse feedstocks including sewage sludge, municipal solid waste, wood waste, refuse derived fuels, automotive shredder residue and non-recyclable plastics. The invention thereby also illustrates a method of gasification for multiple and diverse feedstocks using a universal feeder system. The feeder system comprises one or more feed vessels and at least one live bottom dual screw feeder. The feed vessel is rectangular shaped having three vertical sides and an angled side of no less than 60 degrees from the horizontal to facilitate proper flow of feedstock material that have different and/or variable flow properties. The feedstocks are transferred through an open bottom chute to a live bottom dual screw feeder and through another open bottom chute to a transfer screw feeder that conveys feedstock to the fuel feed inlets of a gasifier. 1. A universal feeder system for feedstock comprising:at least one rectangular shaped feed vessel having an upper and lower horizontal side, three vertical sides and an angled side of no less than 60 degrees from the lower horizontal side;a motor operated variable speed live bottom dual screw feeder; said dual screw feeder having a proximal and distal end, said dual screw feeder operably connected to the lower horizontal side;a chute having an open top and bottom; said top juxtaposed to the distal end of the dual screw feeder to receive conveyed material; anda motor operated variable speed transfer screw feeder juxtaposed to the bottom of the chute that conveys material; said transfer screw feeder having a proximal end and a distal end terminating in a feed nozzle, wherein the feed nozzle is mechanically connected to at least one fuel feed inlet located on a gasifier reactor vessel.2. The universal feeder system of claim 1 , further comprising aeration ports located on the sides of the feed vessel and removable bridge ...

Processes For Producing High Biogenic Concentration Fischer-Tropsch Liquids Derived From Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW) Feedstocks

Processes for producing high biogenic concentration Fischer-Tropsch liquids derived from the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (MSW) feedstock that contains a relatively high concentration of biogenic carbon (derived from plants) and a relatively low concentration of non-biogenic carbon (derived from fossil sources) wherein the biogenic content of the Fischer-Tropsch liquids is the same as the biogenic content of the feedstock. 1. A transportation fuel or fuel additive derived from municipal solid wastes (MSW) that contain materials that are produced from biogenic derived carbon materials and non-biogenic derived carbon materials , the transportation fuel or fuel additive derived from a process comprising the steps of:a) in a feedstock processing step, removing some of the non-biogenic derived carbon materials and non-carbonaceous materials from municipal solid wastes to produce a processed MSW feedstock that contains a higher concentration of biogenic carbon materials than non-biogenic carbon materials; andb) converting the processed MSW feedstock into Fischer-Tropsch liquids in a bio-refinery while maintaining a greater concentration of biogenic carbon than non-biogenic carbon; andc) upgrading the Fischer-Tropsch liquids into a transportation fuel or fuel additive while maintaining a greater concentration of biogenic carbon than non-biogenic carbon.2. The transportation fuel or fuel additive derived by the process according to wherein the step of converting the processed MSW feedstock into Fischer-Tropsch liquids in the bio-refinery claim 1 , further comprises: converting the processed MSW feedstock in a gasification island.3. The transportation fuel or fuel additive derived by the process according to wherein claim 1 , in the feedstock processing step claim 1 , more than about 10% of the non-biogenic derived carbon materials are removed.4. The transportation fuel or fuel additive derived by the process according to wherein claim 1 , in the feedstock ...

WASTE TREATMENT PROCESS FOR A FOSSIL-FUEL EXTRACTION SITE

There is disclosed a waste treatment process for a fossil-fuel extraction site (), comprising: processing extracted waste generated by a fossil-fuel extraction process to produce primary waste having a higher calorific value than the extracted waste; mixing the primary waste with secondary waste to generate pyrolysis feedstock, the secondary waste having a lower calorific value than the primary waste; pyrolysing the pyrolysis feedstock in a pyrolysis unit () to form pyrolysis char; and gasifying the pyrolysis char in a gasification unit () to form syngas and ash. 1. A waste treatment process comprising:processing extracted waste generated by a fossil-fuel extraction process to produce primary waste having a higher calorific value than said extracted waste;mixing said primary waste with secondary waste to generate pyrolysis feedstock, wherein said secondary waste has a lower calorific value than said primary waste;pyrolysing said pyrolysis feedstock in a pyrolysis unit to form pyrolysis char; andgasifying said pyrolysis char in a gasification unit to form syngas and ash.2. The waste treatment process of claim 1 , wherein said processing extracted waste comprises drying said extracted waste.3. The waste treatment process of claim 1 , wherein said primary waste has a calorific value of at least 30 MJ/kg.4. The waste treatment process of claim 1 , wherein said secondary waste has a calorific value less than or equal to 20 MJ/kg.5. The waste treatment process of claim 1 , wherein said fossil-fuel extraction process is selected from a group consisting of an oil extraction process and a gas extraction process.6. The waste treatment process of claim 1 , wherein said fossil-fuel extraction process is an enhanced oil recovery process claim 1 , and wherein said extracted waste comprises produced water from said enhanced oil recovery process.7. The waste treatment process of claim 6 , wherein said enhanced oil recovery process comprises a polymer flood claim 6 , and wherein ...

LEAN GAS BURNER

A gas burner for burning a gas with a low calorific value. The gas burner may be for burning a synthesis gas issuing from the gasification of biomass. 115-. (canceled)16. A gas burner for burning a gas having a low calorific value , the gas burner comprising: a first annular zone formed between an external wall thereof and an internal wall thereof, and which extends substantially parallel to the external wall,', 'a second annular zone formed downstream of the first zone between the external wall and the internal wall;', 'a first opening to supply the gas, and which extends substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the body;', 'a second opening to supply primary air, and which is formed in the external wall in fluidic communication with the first annular zone;', 'a third opening to supply secondary air, and which is formed in the external wall in fluidic communication with the second annular zone;', 'an annular slot to introduce the primary air from the first annular zone into a combustion zone, the annular slot being formed between the external wall and an upstream end of the internal wall, and formed such that the primary air is supplied to the combustion zone in the form of a conical sheet of air, and creates a compression zone; and', 'orifices formed in the internal wall to introduce the secondary air from the second annular zone into the combustion zone, and are disposed so as to allow swirling of the secondary air., 'a cylindrical body having17. The gas burner of claim 16 , wherein the cylindrical body further has an air-introduction piece which defines the annular slot claim 16 , and which is situated at the upstream end of the internal wall.18. The gas burner of claim 17 , wherein the air-introduction piece has a conical part diverging from downstream to upstream claim 17 , to form with the internal wall an angle α of between 20° and 45° claim 17 , and a suction surface part terminating on a trailing edge claim 17 , which is to direct the conical sheet ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR POWER PRODUCTION INCLUDING METHANATION

The present disclosure relates to a power production system that is adapted to achieve high efficiency power production with carbon capture when using a solid or liquid hydrocarbon or carbonaceous fuel. More particularly, the solid or liquid fuel first is partially oxidized in a partial oxidation reactor that is configured to provide an output stream that is enriched in methane content. The resulting partially oxidized stream can be cooled, filtered, additionally cooled, and then directed to a combustor of a power production system as the combustion fuel. The partially oxidized stream is combined with a compressed recycle COstream and oxygen. The combustion stream is expanded across a turbine to produce power and passed through a recuperator heat exchanger. The recycle COstream is compressed and passed through the recuperator heat exchanger and optionally the POX heat exchanger in a manner useful to provide increased efficiency to the combined systems. 122-. (canceled)23. A combined partial oxidation (POX) system and power production system (PPS) comprising:a catalytic POX reactor adapted to partially oxidize a liquid or solid fuel in the presence of oxygen, a catalyst, and optionally steam to form a POX stream comprising methane;one or more components adapted to cool the POX stream;a POX heat exchanger adapted to withdraw heat from the POX stream and output a cooled POX fuel gas;an optional mercury removal unit;an optional acid gas removal unit;an optional methanation unit;an optional post-methanation heat exchanger configured to withdraw heat from a stream exiting a methanation unit;a compressor adapted to compress the POX fuel gas to a pressure of about 10 MPa or greater;{'sub': '2', 'a PPS combustor adapted to combust the POX fuel gas in the presence of oxygen and a compressed recycle COstream and form a PPS combustion product stream at a pressure of about 10 MPa or greater;'}a turbine adapted to expand the PPS combustion product stream and generate power in a ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR POWER PRODUCTION INCLUDING METHANATION

The present disclosure relates to a power production system that is adapted to achieve high efficiency power production with carbon capture when using a solid or liquid hydrocarbon or carbonaceous fuel. More particularly, the solid or liquid fuel first is partially oxidized in a partial oxidation reactor that is configured to provide an output stream that is enriched in methane content. The resulting partially oxidized stream can be cooled, filtered, additionally cooled, and then directed to a combustor of a power production system as the combustion fuel. The partially oxidized stream is combined with a compressed recycle COstream and oxygen. The combustion stream is expanded across a turbine to produce power and passed through a recuperator heat exchanger. The recycle COstream is compressed and passed through the recuperator heat exchanger and optionally the POX heat exchanger in a manner useful to provide increased efficiency to the combined systems. 1. A process for the production of power using a combination of a partial oxidation (POX) system and a power production system (PPS) , the process comprising:combining a solid or liquid fuel, oxygen, and a catalyst in a POX reactor under conditions sufficient to partially oxidize the fuel and form a POX stream comprising methane;cooling the POX stream to a temperature of about 500° C. or less;separating one or more of solids, molten metals, and acid gases from the POX stream;passing the POX stream to a POX heat exchanger and withdrawing a quantity of heat from the POX stream by cooling the POX stream to a temperature of about 100° C. or less against a cooling stream and form a POX fuel gas stream comprising methane;passing the POX fuel gas stream through a separator vessel and separating at least a portion of any water present in the POX fuel gas stream;compressing the POX fuel gas stream to a pressure of about 12 MPa or greater;combusting the POX fuel gas in a PPS combustor to form a combustion product stream at a ...

Method and device for the production of synthesis gas for operating an internal combustion engine

A method for producing synthesis gas for operating an internal combustion engine from an organic solid fuel decomposed into pyrolysis products in a pyrolysis reactor without an oxygen supply, includes feeding the pyrolysis products from a bottom of the pyrolysis reactor to a fluidized bed reactor. A synthesis gas produced in the fluidized bed reactor is withdrawn as product gas. The products gas is directly or indirectly fed to the internal combustion engine. The pyrolysis reactor is operated using at least one pyrolysis auger for conveying the solid fuel. The fluidized bed reactor is fluidized by supplying air at a rate above a minimal loosening rate of the bed material of the fluidized bed of the fluidized bed reactor. 1. A method for producing synthesis gas , for operating an internal combustion engine , from an organic solid fuel , the method comprising the steps of:conveying organic solid fuel to a pyrolysis reactor using a pyrolysis auger;decomposing the organic solid fuel into pyrolysis products in the pyrolysis reactor, without an oxygen supply;feeding the pyrolysis products from a bottom of the pyrolysis reactor to a fluidized bed reactor;producing a synthesis gas in the fluidized bed reactor; andwithdrawing the synthesis gas from the fluidized bed reactor as product gas and directly or indirectly feeding the product gas to the internal combustion engine;wherein fluidized bed reactor is fluidized by supplying air at a rate above a minimal loosening rate of a bed material of a fluidized bed of the fluidized bed reactor;wherein the organic solid fuel comprises a biogenic waste material having an ash content of at least 20% of a solid mass of the organic solid fuel; andwherein the pyrolysis products formed in the pyrolysis reactor in the step of decomposing are pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis coke, and pyrolysis gas.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the biogenic waste material comprising the organic solid fuel has solid contents between 80% and 98% and ...

FEEDSTOCK PROCESSING SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PRODUCING FISCHER-TROPSCH LIQUIDS AND TRANSPORTATION FUELS

A method for processing feedstock is described, characterized in that incoming feedstock is processed to selectively recover biogenic carbon material from the incoming feedstock. In some embodiments the incoming feedstock is comprised of mixed solid waste, such as municipal solid waste (MSW). In other embodiments the incoming feedstock is comprised of woody biomass. In some instances, the incoming feedstock is processed to selectively recover biogenic carbon material from the incoming feedstock to produce a processed feedstock having biogenic carbon content of 50% and greater suitable for conversion into biogenic carbon Fischer Tropsch liquids. The high biogenic carbon Fischer Tropsch liquids may be upgraded to biogenic carbon liquid fuels. Alternatively, the incoming feedstock is processed to selectively recover plastic material from the incoming feedstock to produce a processed feedstock having biogenic carbon content of 50% or less. 1. A method for processing feedstock , characterized in that incoming feedstock is processed to selectively recover biogenic carbon material from the incoming feedstock.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the incoming feedstock is comprised of mixed solid waste.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein in the incoming feedstock is comprised of woody biomass.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mixed solid waste is municipal solid waste (MSW).5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the mixed solid waste is comprised of wet organic waste claim 2 , dry organic waste and inorganic waste that is comingled.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the incoming feedstock is processed to selectively recover biogenic carbon material from the incoming feedstock to produce a processed feedstock having biogenic carbon content of 50% and greater suitable for conversion into biogenic carbon Fischer Tropsch liquids.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the high biogenic carbon Fischer Tropsch liquids are upgraded to biogenic carbon liquid fuels.8. The method of claim 5 ...

PROCESS

A process for the manufacture of one or more useful products comprises: gasifying a carbonaceous feedstock comprising waste materials and/or biomass in a gasification zone to generate a raw synthesis gas; supplying at least a portion of the raw synthesis gas to a clean-up zone to remove contaminants and provide a clean synthesis gas; supplying the clean synthesis gas to a first further reaction train to generate at least one first useful product and a tailgas; and diverting selectively on demand a portion of at least one of the carbonaceous feedstock, the clean synthesis gas, the tailgas and the light gas fraction to heat or power generation within the process, in response to external factors to control the carbon intensity of the overall process and enable GHG emission savings. 1. A process for the manufacture of one or more useful products comprising:a. gasifying a carbonaceous feedstock comprising waste materials and/or biomass in a gasification zone to generate a raw synthesis gas;b. supplying at least a portion of the raw synthesis gas to a clean-up zone to remove contaminants and provide a clean synthesis gas;c. importing natural gas and/or power into the process;d. supplying the clean synthesis gas to a first further reaction train to generate at least one first useful product and a tailgas; ande. diverting selectively on demand a portion of at least one of the carbonaceous feedstock, the clean synthesis gas, the tailgas and (if present) a light gas fraction to heat or power generation within the process to control the carbon intensity of the process.2. The process according to wherein means within the process are provided selectively on demand to divert one or more of:i. a portion of the carbonaceous feedstock to a combustor to generate energy for the production of steam for use on plant or for power generation; and/orii. a portion of the clean synthesis gas as fuel gas for use on plant and/or or for the generation of steam for use on plant and/or for power ...

Processes For Producing High Biogenic Concentration Fischer-Tropsch Liquids Derived From Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW) Feedstocks

Processes for producing high biogenic concentration Fischer-Tropsch liquids derived from the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (MSW) feedstock that contains a relatively high concentration of biogenic carbon (derived from plants) and a relatively low concentration of non-biogenic carbon (derived from fossil sources) wherein the biogenic content of the Fischer-Tropsch liquids is the same as the biogenic content of the feedstock. 1a) in a feedstock processing step, removing some of the non-biogenic derived carbon materials and non-carbonaceous materials from municipal solid wastes to produce a processed MSW feedstock that contains a higher concentration of biogenic carbon materials than non-biogenic carbon materials; andb) converting the processed MSW feedstock into Fischer-Tropsch liquids in a bio-refinery while maintaining a greater concentration of biogenic carbon than non-biogenic carbon; andc) upgrading the Fischer-Tropsch liquids into a transportation fuel or fuel additive while maintaining a greater concentration of biogenic carbon than non-biogenic carbon.. A process for producing a transportation fuel or fuel additive derived from municipal solid wastes (MSW) that contain materials that are produced from biogenic derived carbon materials and non-biogenic derived carbon materials, the process comprising the steps of: This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/921,536 filed Jul. 6, 2020, entitled PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING HIGH BIOGENIC CONCENTRATION FISCHER-TROPSCH LIQUIDS DERIVED FROM MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTES (MSW) FEEDSTOCKS, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/458,928 filed Jul. 1, 2019, entitled PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING HIGH BIOGENIC CONCENTRATION FISCHER-TROPSCH LIQUIDS DERIVED FROM MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTES (MSW) FEEDSTOCKS now U.S. Pat. No. 10,704,002, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/682,368 filed Aug. 21, 2017, entitled PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING HIGH BIOGENIC ...

MULTI-REACTION PROCESS FOR FORMING A PRODUCT GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL

A direct carbonaceous material to power generation system integrates one or more solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) into a fluidized bed gasifier. The fuel cell anode is in direct contact with bed material so that the Hand CO generated in the bed are oxidized to HO and COto create a push-pull or source-sink reaction environment. The SOFC is exothermic and supplies heat within a reaction chamber of the gasifier where the fluidized bed conducts an endothermic reaction. The products from the anode are the reactants for the reformer and vice versa. A lower bed in the reaction chamber may comprise engineered multi-function material which may incorporate one or more catalysts and reactant adsorbent sites to facilitate excellent heat and mass transfer and fluidization dynamics in fluidized beds. The catalyst is capable of cracking tars and reforming hydrocarbons. 1. A method of producing a final product gas from solid carbonaceous material , comprising:(a) providing a first stage gasifier having a plurality of feedstock inlets and a fluidized bed maintained at a temperature ranging from 600° C. to 1,000° C., the fluidized bed including an enhanced char conversion zone proximate to the base of the gasifier, a drying and devolatilization zone located above the char conversion zone, and a dense fluid bed zone above the drying and devolatilizing zone;(b) shredding and initially drying said solid carbonaceous material;(c) after step (b), introducing, through said plurality of feedstock inlets, the solid carbonaceous material into the drying and devolatilizing zone of the fluidized bed;(d) introducing superheated steam, CO2, and O2 into the fluidized bed;(e) drying and devolatilizing a portion of the solid carbonaceous material within the fluidized bed to produce char, H2O, initial H2, initial CO, initial CO2, CH4, C2+condensable vapors, and tars; (f1) reacting a first portion of the superheated steam with a first portion of carbon contained within the solid carbonaceous material to ...

Gasification Combined Generation System Through Coal and Industrial Waste Water

The present invention relates to a gasification combined generation system including: a slurry mixer adapted to receive the coal and industrial waste water thereto and mix them to make a uniform-quality slurry; a slurry storage adapted to receive the uniform-quality slurry from the slurry mixer and store the slurry therein; a slurry pump adapted to convey the slurry from the slurry storage; a slurry gasifier adapted to gasify the slurry with at least one of oxygen and air as an oxidizer and produce gas and slag from the gasified slurry; a gas analyzer adapted to analyze the components of the gas discharged from the slurry gasifier; a gas purifier adapted to purify the discharged gas; a generator adapted to utilize the purified gas as a fuel to generate electricity; and a slag discharger adapted to discharge the slag therefrom. 1. A gasification combined generation system through coal and industrial waste water , the system comprising:{'b': '1', 'a slurry mixer adapted to receive the coal and industrial waste water thereto and mix them to make a uniform-quality slurry;'}{'b': 2', '1, 'a slurry storage adapted to receive the uniform-quality slurry from the slurry mixer and store the slurry therein;'}{'b': 3', '2, 'a slurry pump adapted to convey the slurry from the slurry storage ;'}{'b': '4', 'a slurry gasifier adapted to gasify the slurry with at least one of oxygen and air as an oxidizer and produce gas and slag from the gasified slurry;'}{'b': 5', '4, 'a gas analyzer adapted to analyze the components of the gas discharged from the slurry gasifier ;'}{'b': '6', 'a gas refinery adapted to purify the discharged gas;'}{'b': '7', 'a generator adapted to utilize the purified gas as a fuel to generate electricity; and'}a slag discharger adapted to discharge the slag therefrom.24. The gasification combined generation system according to claim 1 , wherein the slurry gasifier is a entrained flow coal water slurry gasifier.36. The gasification combined generation system ...

Processes For Producing High Biogenic Concentration Fischer-Tropsch Liquids Derived From Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW) Feedstocks

Processes for producing high biogenic concentration Fischer-Tropsch liquids derived from the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (MSW) feedstock that contains a relatively high concentration of biogenic carbon (derived from plants) and a relatively low concentration of non-biogenic carbon (derived from fossil sources) wherein the biogenic content of the Fischer-Tropsch liquids is the same as the biogenic content of the feedstock. 1. A process for producing a transportation fuel or fuel additive derived from municipal solid wastes (MSW) that contain materials that are produced from biogenic derived carbon materials and non-biogenic derived carbon materials , the process comprising the steps of:a) in a feedstock processing step, removing some of the non-biogenic derived carbon materials and non-carbonaceous materials from municipal solid wastes to produce a processed MSW feedstock that contains a higher concentration of biogenic carbon materials than non-biogenic carbon materials; andb) converting the processed MSW feedstock into Fischer-Tropsch liquids in a bio-refinery while maintaining a greater concentration of biogenic carbon than non-biogenic carbon; andc) upgrading the Fischer-Tropsch liquids into a transportation fuel or fuel additive while maintaining a greater concentration of biogenic carbon than non-biogenic carbon.2. The process according to wherein the step of converting the processed MSW feedstock into Fischer-Tropsch liquids in the bio-refinery claim 1 , further comprises: converting the processed MSW feedstock in a gasification island.3. The process according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of:in a power generation process, converting some or all of the biogenic carbon material into biogenic carbon derived power.4. The process according to wherein in the feedstock processing step claim 1 , more than about 10% of the non-biogenic derived carbon materials are removed.5. The process according to wherein in the feedstock processing step ...

Heat and Energy Integrated Continuous Process for Plastic Waste Recovery

Improvements relate to a heat and energy integrated method and apparatus for plastic waste recovery having supercritical liquefaction. A volume of plastic waste is processed to produce a plastic waste stream. A reaction unit is utilized for adsorbing the plastic with a solvent having at least water, plus heating and pressurizing the plastic waste stream with the solvent into a supercritical extraction state for converting the plastic waste stream into a mixture fluid stream of a supercritical nature within the reaction unit. The mixture fluid stream may be cycled proximate to the outlet from the reaction unit via periodically letting the pressure down, and then letting the pressure recover. A volume of inert solids are removed from the mixture fluid stream thereby creating a remaining combined gases and liquids fluid stream. Power is recovered from the remaining combined gases and liquids fluid stream. And, volumes of water, gas and oil are separated from the combined gases and liquids fluid stream.

UNIVERSAL FEEDER FOR GASIFICATION REACTORS

A universal feeder system that combines with a fluidized bed gasification reactor for the treatment of multiple diverse feedstocks including sewage sludge, municipal solid waste, wood waste, refuse derived fuels, automotive shredder residue and non-recyclable plastics. The invention thereby also illustrates a method of gasification for multiple and diverse feedstocks using a universal feeder system. The feeder system comprises one or more feed vessels and at least one live bottom dual screw feeder. The feed vessel is rectangular shaped having three vertical sides and an angled side of no less than 60 degrees from the horizontal to facilitate proper flow of feedstock material that have different and/or variable flow properties. The feedstocks are transferred through an open bottom chute to a live bottom dual screw feeder and through another open bottom chute to a transfer screw feeder that conveys feedstock to the fuel feed inlets of a gasifier. 1. A universal feeder system for feedstock comprising:{'b': '60', 'at least one rectangular shaped feed vessel having an upper horizontal side and an open lower horizontal side, three vertical sides and an angled side of no less than degrees from the lower horizontal side;'}a motor operated variable speed live bottom dual screw feeder positioned below and parallel to the open lower horizontal side; said dual screw feeder having a proximal and distal end, wherein said dual screw feeder operably connected to the lower horizontal side;a first chute having an open top and bottom; said top juxtaposed to the distal end of the dual screw feeder to receive conveyed material; anda first motor operated variable speed transfer screw feeder juxtaposed to the bottom of the first chute that conveys material; said first transfer screw feeder having a proximal end and a distal end, wherein the first transfer screw is positioned adjacent and perpendicular to the distal end of the live bottom dual screw feeder.2. The universal feeder system of ...

Processes For Producing High Biogenic Concentration Fischer-Tropsch Liquids Derived From Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW) Feedstocks

Processes for producing high biogenic concentration Fischer-Tropsch liquids derived from the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (MSW) feedstock that contains a relatively high concentration of biogenic carbon (derived from plants) and a relatively low concentration of non-biogenic carbon (derived from fossil sources) wherein the biogenic content of the Fischer-Tropsch liquids is the same as the biogenic content of the feedstock. 1. A process for producing a transportation fuel or fuel additive derived from municipal solid wastes (MSW) that contain materials that are produced from biogenic derived carbon materials and non-biogenic derived carbon materials , the process comprising the steps of:a) in a feedstock processing step, removing some of the non-biogenic derived carbon materials and non-carbonaceous materials from municipal solid wastes to produce a processed MSW feedstock that contains a higher concentration of biogenic carbon materials than non-biogenic carbon materials; andb) converting the processed MSW feedstock into Fischer-Tropsch liquids in a bio-refinery while maintaining a greater concentration of biogenic carbon than non-biogenic carbon; andc) upgrading the Fischer-Tropsch liquids into a transportation fuel or fuel additive while maintaining a greater concentration of biogenic carbon than non-biogenic carbon.2. The process according to wherein the step of converting the processed MSW feedstock into Fischer-Tropsch liquids in the bio-refinery claim 1 , further comprises: converting the processed MSW feedstock in a gasification island.3. The process according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of:in a power generation process, converting some or all of the biogenic carbon material into biogenic carbon derived power.4. The process according to wherein in the feedstock processing step claim 1 , more than about 10% of the non-biogenic derived carbon materials are removed.5. The process according to wherein in the feedstock processing step ...

Parallel path, downdraft gasifier apparatus and method

A method for using a downdraft gasifier comprising a housing and a refractory stack contained within the housing. The refractory stack may comprise various sections. Apertures in the sections may be aligned to form multiple columnar cavities. Each columnar cavity may comprise an individual oxidation zone. The method of use may include the steps of placing a feedstock into an upper portion of the refractory stack, measuring the temperature of each columnar cavity, and adjusting the flow of oxygen to a particular columnar cavity to maintain the temperature of the particular columnar cavity within a particular range.

SYSTEM FOR GASIFICATION OF SOLID WASTE AND GENERATION OF ELECTRICAL POWER WITH A FUEL CELL

A system and method of producing syngas from a solid waste stream is provided. The system includes a low tar gasification generator that gasifies the solid waste stream to produce a first gas stream. A process module cools the first gas stream and removes contaminants, such as metals, sulfur and carbon dioxide from the first gas stream to produce a second gas stream having hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The second gas stream is received by pressure swing absorber which removes carbon monoxide and increases the purity of the hydrogen to allow the generation of electrical power by a PEM fuel cell in a power module. A water gas shift process may be used to convert carbon monoxide recovered from a retentate stream exhausted by the pressure swing absorber. 1. A system for converting solid waste material to energy comprising:an input module having a low tar gasification generator configured to produce a first gas stream in response to an input stream of solid waste material, the first gas stream including hydrogen;a process module fluidly coupled to receive the first gas stream, the process module including a first heat exchanger operable to cool the first gas stream, the process module further including at least one clean-up process module fluidly coupled to the first heat exchanger to receive the cooled first gas stream, the at least one clean-up process module configured to remove at least one contaminant from the first gas stream and produce a second gas stream containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide, the process module further including a pressure swing absorption (PSA) device that receives the second gas stream and produces a retentate stream and a third gas stream comprised of substantially hydrogen; anda polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell configured to receive the third gas stream and generate electrical power based, at least in part, from the hydrogen in the third gas stream.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the process module further includes a water-gas- ...

Processes For Producing High Biogenic Concentration Fischer-Tropsch Liquids Derived From Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW) Feedstocks

Processes for producing high biogenic concentration Fischer-Tropsch liquids derived from the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (MSW) feedstock that contains a relatively high concentration of biogenic carbon (derived from plants) and a relatively low concentration of non-biogenic carbon (derived from fossil sources) wherein the biogenic content of the Fischer-Tropsch liquids is the same as the biogenic content of the feedstock. 1. A transportation fuel or fuel additive derived from municipal solid wastes (MSW) that contain materials that are produced from biogenic derived carbon materials and non-biogenic derived carbon materials , the transportation fuel or fuel additive derived from a process comprising the steps of:a) in a feedstock processing step, removing some of the non-biogenic derived carbon materials and non-carbonaceous materials from municipal solid wastes to produce a processed MSW feedstock that contains a higher concentration of biogenic carbon materials than non-biogenic carbon materials; andb) converting the processed MSW feedstock into Fischer-Tropsch liquids in a bio-refinery while maintaining a greater concentration of biogenic carbon than non-biogenic carbon; andc) upgrading the Fischer-Tropsch liquids into a transportation fuel or fuel additive while maintaining a greater concentration of biogenic carbon than non-biogenic carbon.2. The transportation fuel or fuel additive derived by the process according to wherein the step of converting the processed MSW feedstock into Fischer-Tropsch liquids in the bio-refinery claim 1 , further comprises: converting the processed MSW feedstock in a gasification island.3. The transportation fuel or fuel additive derived by the process according to wherein claim 1 , in the feedstock processing step claim 1 , more than about 10% of the non-biogenic derived carbon materials are removed.4. The transportation fuel or fuel additive derived by the process according to wherein claim 1 , in the feedstock ...

PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING HIGH BIOGENIC CONCENTRATION FISCHER-TROPSCH LIQUIDS DERIVED FROM MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTES (MSW) FEEDSTOCKS

Processes for producing high biogenic concentration Fischer-Tropsch liquids derived from the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (MSW) feedstock that contains a relatively high concentration of biogenic carbon (derived from plants) and a relatively low concentration of non-biogenic carbon (derived from fossil sources) wherein the biogenic content of the Fischer-Tropsch liquids is the same as the biogenic content of the feedstock. 1. A system for producing high biogenic carbon concentration Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) liquids derived from municipal solid wastes (MSW) processed feedstock that contain a relatively high concentration of biogenic carbon (carbon derived from plants) and a relatively low concentration of non-biogenic carbon (from fossil sources of carbon) along with other non-carbonaceous materials , said system comprising:a) a bio-refinery for converting the processed feedstock into Fischer-Tropsch liquids while maintaining the relatively high concentration of biogenic carbon and the relatively low concentration of non-biogenic carbon from the municipal solid wastes; [{'sub': '2', 'the processed feedstock and produces syngas containing CO, H2, HO and CO2;'}, 'selectively receives recycled hydrocarbon products and intermediate products to recover the biogenic carbon by the hydrocarbon reforming of the biogenic compounds; and', 'selectively receives recycled CO2; and, 'b) within the bio-refinery, a gasification island (GI) that provides at least gasification and sub-stoichiometric oxidation of the processed feedstock that contain a relatively high concentration of biogenic carbon, wherein the GI selectively receivesc) in a power generation process, converting some or all of the high biogenic carbon content material into high biogenic power with reduced lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions and higher renewable energy credits.2. A system according to wherein the relatively high concentration of biogenic carbon is up to about 80% biogenic carbon in both the ...

Waste Processing

This invention provides a system () for generating energy from waste material. The system comprises a first batch processing oven () for generating syngas and a second batch processing oven () for generating syngas. At least one thermal treatment chamber () heats the syngas after it is produced, and an energy converter () converts energy from the syngas to electrical energy. 1. A system for generating energy from waste material comprising:a first batch processing oven for generating syngas;a second batch processing oven for generating syngas;at least one thermal treatment chamber for heating said syngas;and an energy converter for converting energy from the syngas to electrical energy.2. A system according to wherein the thermal treatment chamber includes one or more burners for burning said syngas and the energy convertor includes a heat recovery means for recovering heat from the burning gases.3. A system according to wherein the thermal treatment chamber includes one or more burners for heating said syngas without combusting it claim 1 , and the energy converter comprises a syngas engine.4. A system as claimed in further comprising a third or third and fourth batch processing oven for generating syngas.5. A system as claimed in further comprising control means for controlling the supply of syngas from said first and subsequent batch processing ovens to the or each said thermal treatment chamber in dependence on at least one operating parameter of said apparatus claim 1 , thereby to ensure a substantially constant supply of syngas to said thermal treatment chamber.6. A system as claimed in wherein said operating parameter is the content of carbon monoxide in said syngas.7. A system as claimed in wherein the control means is operable to control the supply of syngas from one batch processing oven to the thermal treatment chamber while another batch processing oven is being emptied and refilled.8. A system as claimed in wherein the control means is configured to ...

Processes For Producing High Biogenic Concentration Fischer-Tropsch Liquids Derived From Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW) Feedstocks

Processes for producing high biogenic concentration Fischer-Tropsch liquids derived from the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (MSW) feedstock that contains a relatively high concentration of biogenic carbon (derived from plants) and a relatively low concentration of non-biogenic carbon (derived from fossil sources) wherein the biogenic content of the Fischer-Tropsch liquids is the same as the biogenic content of the feedstock. 1. A Fisher-Tropsch liquid fuel derived from biogenic carbon materials , the fuel derived from a process comprising the steps of:a) in a feedstock processing step, removing non-biogenic derived carbon materials and non-carbonaceous materials from municipal solid wastes that contain materials that are produced from plant derived carbon (biogenic) as well as non-biogenic derived carbon (fossil based) materials, to produce a feedstock that contains a relatively high concentration of biogenic carbon and a relatively low concentration of non-biogenic carbons along with other non-carbonaceous materials from the municipal solid wastes; andb) converting the processed feedstock into Fischer-Tropsch liquids in a bio-refinery while maintaining the relatively high concentration of biogenic carbon up to 90% and the relatively low concentration of non-biogenic carbon up to 10% along with other non-carbonaceous materials from the municipal solid wastes.2. The Fisher-Tropsch liquid fuel derived by the process according to wherein the feedstock processing step includes at least two processing steps.3. The Fisher-Tropsch liquid fuel derived by the process according to wherein claim 1 , in the feedstock processing step claim 1 , more than about 10% of the non-biogenic derived carbon materials are purposefully removed from the municipal solid wastes.4. The Fisher-Tropsch liquid fuel derived by the process according to wherein claim 1 , in the feedstock processing step claim 1 , up to about 80% of the non-biogenic derived carbon materials are removed ...

INCLINED ROTARY GASIFIER WASTE TO ENERGY SYSTEM

A gasifier system includes a reactor for receiving a wet feedstock which has a base and a container rotatably connected to the base such that a rotation of the container causes a mixing of the feedstock in an interior of the reactor. The interior is bounded by the base and the container. A space between the base and the container allows an entry of oxygen into the interior. The space has a dimension such that the feedstock is fully oxidized in a combustion area adjacent the base and such that the feedstock avoids combustion in a remainder of the interior. The reactor has a longitudinal axis inclined at an inclination angle relative to a horizontal line to promote the mixing of the feedstock in the interior. 1. A method for use in converting a wet flammable feedstock into a gaseous and liquid fuel , the method comprising:providing a wet flammable feedstock into an interior of a reactor having a base and a container connected to the base, the interior bounded by the base and the container;allowing oxygen to enter a space between the base and the container to facilitate a combustion of the feedstock in a combustion zone adjacent the base such that the oxygen avoids passing through the combustion zone and the feedstock is fully oxidized in the combustion zone; androtating the container relative to the base to mix contents of the interior of the reactor.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the providing the wet flammable feedstock comprises the feedstock entering the interior above the combustion zone.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reactor has a longitudinal axis inclined at an inclination angle relative to a horizontal line to promote the mixing of the feedstock in the interior.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the inclination angle comprises an angle of greater than 22 degrees relative to the horizontal line.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the providing feedstock comprises providing the feedstock through a feedstock input in the base.6. The method of claim 1 ...

Gasification Reactor with Discrete Reactor Vessel and Grate and Method of Gasification

A fluidized bed biogasifier is provided for gasifying biosolids. The biogasifier includes a reactor vessel and a feeder for feeding biosolids into the reactor vessel at a desired feed rate during steady-state operation of the biogasifier. A fluidized bed in the base of the reactor vessel has a cross-sectional area that is proportional to at least the fuel feed rate such that the superficial velocity of gas is in the range of 0.1 m/s (0.33 ft/s) to 3 m/s (9.84 ft/s). In a method for gasifying biosolids, biosolids are fed into a fluidized bed reactor. Oxidant gases are applied to the fluidized bed reactor to produce a superficial velocity of producer gas in the range of 0.1 m/s (0.33 ft/s) to 3 m/s (9.84 ft/s). The biosolids are heated inside the fluidized bed reactor to a temperature range between 900° F. (482.2° C.) and 1700° F. (926.7° C.) in an oxygen-starved environment having a sub-stoichiometric oxygen level, whereby the biosolids are gasified. 1. A gasification reactor comprising:a reactor vessel which is cylindrical in shape having a bottom with an inverted cone section;a freeboard section comprising the top half of the reactor vessel, said freeboard section having a diameter of at least 57 inches;a fluidized bed in a bed section within said reactor vessel located beneath the freeboard section, said fluidized bed having a diameter of at least 45 inches;at least one fuel feed inlet located beneath the freeboard section, said inlet configured to feed a fuel into said reactor vessel at a fuel feed rate during steady-state operation of the gasifier; anda gas distributor located within the inverted cone section comprising a flue gas and air inlet that feeds flue gas and air to an array of nozzles whereby the flue gas and air are directed into the fluidized bed in the bed section.2. The reactor of claim 1 , further comprising at least one inlet for a natural gas and air mixture.3. The reactor of claim 1 , further comprising at least one inlet for addition of an ...

Processes For Producing High Biogenic Concentration Fischer-Tropsch Liquids Derived From Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW) Feedstocks

Processes for producing high biogenic concentration Fischer-Tropsch liquids derived from the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (MSW) feedstock that contains a relatively high concentration of biogenic carbon (derived from plants) and a relatively low concentration of non-biogenic carbon (derived from fossil sources) wherein the biogenic content of the Fischer-Tropsch liquids is the same as the biogenic content of the feedstock. 1. A system for producing high biogenic carbon concentration Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) liquids derived from municipal solid wastes (MSW) processed feedstock that contain a relatively high concentration of biogenic carbon (carbon derived from plants) and a relatively low concentration of non-biogenic carbon (from fossil sources of carbon) along with other non-carbonaceous materials , said system comprising:a) a bio-refinery for converting the processed feedstock into Fischer-Tropsch liquids while maintaining the relatively high concentration of biogenic carbon and the relatively low concentration of non-biogenic carbon from the municipal solid wastes;b) within the bio-refinery, a gasification island (GI) that provides at least gasification and sub-stoichiometric oxidation of the processed feedstock that contain a relatively high concentration of biogenic carbon, wherein the GI selectively receives:the processed feedstock and produces syngas containing CO, H2, H2O and CO2;selectively receives recycled hydrocarbon products and intermediate products to recover the biogenic carbon by the hydrocarbon reforming of the biogenic compounds; andselectively receives recycled CO2; andc) in a power generation process, converting some or all of the high biogenic carbon content material into high biogenic power with reduced lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions and higher renewable energy credits.2. A system according to wherein the relatively high concentration of biogenic carbon is up to about 80% biogenic carbon in both the feedstock and the Fischer- ...

Integrated Hydromethanation Fuel Cell Power Generation

The present invention relates to processes and apparatuses for generating electrical power from certain non-gaseous carbonaceous feedstocks through the integration of catalytic hydromethanation technology with fuel cell technology.

Gasifier fluidization

A method of producing synthesis gas by introducing a feed material to be gasified into a gasification apparatus comprising at least one fluidized component operable as a fluidized bed, wherein the gasification apparatus is configured to convert at least a portion of the feed material into a gasifier product gas comprising synthesis gas; and maintaining fluidization of the at least one fluidized component by introducing a fluidization gas thereto, wherein the fluidization gas comprises at least one component other than steam. A system for producing synthesis gas is also provided.

System and method for production of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products and power

A method for generation of power and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products by producing synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide, producing Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products and Fischer-Tropsch tailgas from a first portion of the synthesis gas, and generating power from a second portion of the synthesis gas, from at least a portion of the Fischer-Tropsch tailgas, or from both. The method may also comprise conditioning at least a portion of the synthesis gas and/or upgrading at least a portion of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products. A system for carrying out the method is also provided.

Gasifier fluidization

A system for the production of synthesis gas, including a gasification apparatus configured to convert at least a portion of a gasifier feed material introduced thereto into a gasification product gas comprising synthesis gas having a molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide; at least one additional apparatus selected from the group consisting of feed preparation apparatus located upstream of the gasification apparatus, synthesis gas conditioning apparatus, and synthesis gas utilization apparatus; and at least one line fluidly connecting the at least one additional apparatus or an outlet of the gasification apparatus with the at least one vessel of the gasification apparatus, whereby a gas from the at least one additional apparatus or exiting the gasification apparatus may provide at least one non-steam component of a fluidization gas. A method of utilizing the system is also provided.

Gasifier having integrated fuel cell power generation system

A direct carbonaceous material to power generation system integrates one or more solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) into a fluidized bed gasifier. The fuel cell anode is in direct contact with bed material so that the H2 and CO generated in the bed are oxidized to H2O and CO2 to create a push-pull or source-sink reaction environment. The SOFC is exothermic and supplies heat within a reaction chamber of the gasifier where the fluidized bed conducts an endo thermic reaction. The products from the anode are the reactants for the reformer and vice versa. A lower bed in the reaction chamber may comprise engineered multi-function material which may incorporate one or more catalysts and reactant adsorbent sites to facilitate excellent heat and mass transfer and fluidization dynamics in fluidized beds. The catalyst is capable of cracking tars and reforming hydrocarbons.

用于包括甲烷化处理的发电系统和方法

本申请涉及一种发电系统，所述发电系统适于在使用固体或液体碳氢化合物或含碳燃料时利用碳捕捉实现高效率发电。更具体地，所述固体或液体燃料首先在部分氧化反应器中被部分氧化，所述部分氧化反应器被配置成提供富含甲烷含量的输出流。所产生的部分氧化的流可以被冷却、过滤、附加地冷却，然后作为燃烧燃料被引导到发电系统的燃烧器。部分氧化的流与被压缩的循环CO 2 流和氧气组合。燃烧流横穿汽轮机被膨胀以便发电并且通过回热式换热器。循环CO 2 流被压缩并且以有利于对组合系统提供提高的效率的方式穿过回热式换热器和可选的POX换热器。

Система, вырабатывающая электрическую энергию с помощью газификации горючих веществ

Изобретение относится к области электротехники, в частности к технологии преобразования химической энергии горючих веществ в электрическую энергию с высокой эффективностью, где горючие вещества газифицируются для получения газа и полученный газ используется в топливном элементе для выработки электрической энергии. Техническим результатом изобретения является повышение эффективности преобразования химической энергии горючих веществ в электрическую. Предложенная низкотемпературная газификационная печь для газификации горючих веществ, таких как горючие отходы или уголь, работает при температуре, например, 400-1000°С, а полученный газ затем подается в топливный элемент для выработки электрической энергии. Низкотемпературная газификационная печь предпочтительно представляет собой газификационную печь с псевдоожиженным слоем. 3 н. и 8 з.п. ф-лы, 25 ил. ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÀß ÔÅÄÅÐÀÖÈß RU (19) (11) 2 270 849 (13) C2 (51) ÌÏÊ C10J 3/00 (2006.01) H01M 8/06 (2006.01) ÔÅÄÅÐÀËÜÍÀß ÑËÓÆÁÀ ÏÎ ÈÍÒÅËËÅÊÒÓÀËÜÍÎÉ ÑÎÁÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ, ÏÀÒÅÍÒÀÌ È ÒÎÂÀÐÍÛÌ ÇÍÀÊÀÌ (12) ÎÏÈÑÀÍÈÅ ÈÇÎÁÐÅÒÅÍÈß Ê ÏÀÒÅÍÒÓ (21), (22) Çà âêà: 2001115091/09, 05.11.1999 (24) Äàòà íà÷àëà îòñ÷åòà ñðîêà äåéñòâè ïàòåíòà: 05.11.1999 (30) Ïðèîðèòåò: 05.11.1998 JP 10/330161 (73) Ïàòåíòîîáëàäàòåëü(è): ÈÁÀÐÀ ÊÎÐÏÎÐÅÉØÍ (JP) (45) Îïóáëèêîâàíî: 27.02.2006 Áþë. ¹ 6 2 2 7 0 8 4 9 (56) Ñïèñîê äîêóìåíòîâ, öèòèðîâàííûõ â îò÷åòå î ïîèñêå: RU 2107359 C1, 20.03.1973. RU 2073064 C1, 10.02.1997. RU 2121197 C1, 27.10.1998. SU 1114342 A3, 15.09.1984. RU 2014346 C1, 15.06.1994. ÅÐ 0170277 À, 05.02.1986. US 5509264 À, 23.04.1996. (85) Äàòà ïåðåâîäà çà âêè PCT íà íàöèîíàëüíóþ ôàçó: 05.06.2001 2 2 7 0 8 4 9 R U (87) Ïóáëèêàöè PCT: WO 00/27951 (18.05.2000) C 2 C 2 (86) Çà âêà PCT: JP 99/06185 (05.11.1999) Àäðåñ äë ïåðåïèñêè: 129010, Ìîñêâà, óë. Á.Ñïàññêà , 25, ñòð.3, ÎÎÎ "Þðèäè÷åñêà ôèðìà Ãîðîäèññêèé è Ïàðòíåðû", ïàò.ïîâ. Å.È.Åìåëü íîâó (54) ÑÈÑÒÅÌÀ, ÂÛÐÀÁÀÒÛÂÀÞÙÀß ÝËÅÊÒÐÈ×ÅÑÊÓÞ ÝÍÅÐÃÈÞ Ñ ÏÎÌÎÙÜÞ ÃÀÇÈÔÈÊÀÖÈÈ ÃÎÐÞ×ÈÕ ÂÅÙÅÑÒ (57) Ðåôåðàò: Èçîáðåòåíèå îòíîñèòñ ...

Gas stream production

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to chemical industry. Method comprises thermally treating feedstock material to produce syngas, comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and plasma-treating syngas in a plasma treatment unit. Plasma-treated syngas reacts with water in a further treatment unit, which comprises consecutive high-temperature and low-temperature blue gas conversion reactors. Hydrogen is extracted from syngas with a degree of purity of 90 %, and carbon dioxide with a degree of purity of 98 %. EFFECT: invention improves energy efficiency and degree of purity of carbon dioxide gas and/or hydrogen. 16 cl, 2 dwg, 1 tbl, 1 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (51) МПК C10J 3/18 (11) (13) 2 600 650 C2 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2013136697/05, 06.01.2012 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 06.01.2012 Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (43) Дата публикации заявки: 20.02.2015 Бюл. № 5 (73) Патентообладатель(и): ЭДВАНСТ ПЛАЗМА ПАУЭР ЛИМИТЕД (GB) 2 6 0 0 6 5 0 (45) Опубликовано: 27.10.2016 Бюл. № 30 R U 07.01.2011 US 61/430,574; 07.04.2011 GB 1105962.3 (72) Автор(ы): ЧАПМАН Крис (GB), СТЕЙН Рольф (GB), БРУКС Мартин (GB), МАНУКЯН Эдвард С. (GB), КЛАРК Роберт М. (GB) (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: WO 2008130260 А1, 30.10.2008;RU 2112868 C1, 10.06.1998;WO 0018680 A1, 06.04.2000;KZ 170094 B, 15.01.2010;RU 2052376 C1, 20.01.1996;RU 2394871 C2, 20.07.2010. (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 07.08.2013 GB 2012/050020 (06.01.2012) C 2 C 2 (86) Заявка PCT: (87) Публикация заявки PCT: R U 2 6 0 0 6 5 0 WO 2012/093264 (12.07.2012) Адрес для переписки: 119019, Москва, Гоголевский бульвар, 11, этаж 3, "Гоулингз Интернэшнл Инк.", Т.Н. Лыу (54) ПОЛУЧЕНИЕ ГАЗОВОГО ПОТОКА (57) Реферат: Изобретение относится к химической промышленности. Способ включает термическую обработку сырьевого материала для получения ...

可燃物气化发电系统

本发明提供了一种在预定温度如400～1000℃下气化可燃物，如可燃性废弃物或煤的低温气化炉(2)，再将所生成的气体供给燃料电池(6)进行发电。低温气化炉优选包括流化床气化炉。

Biomass gasifier

Synthetic gas produced by plasma arc gasification

FIELD: oil and gas industry. SUBSTANCE: invention is referred to the method and system for generation and processing of synthetic gas produced by plasma arc gasification of wastes including municipal solid wastes. The method for production of synthetic gas flow includes delivery of wastes, their plasma arc gasification in conditions of combustion at oxygen supply in order to generate a flow of synthetic gas containing on dry basis approximately up to 50000 mg/Nm 3 of solid particles; 5-39 vol % of H 2 ; 5-39 vol % of CO; 15-50 vol % of CO 2 ; 8-30 vol % of N 2 ; 0-2 vol % of argon and 15-50 vol % of moisture per raw substance. The flow has ratio of H 2 /CO equal to approximately 0.3-2, and at least 15 wt % of solid particles with aerodynamic diameter of a particle less than 1 mcm. EFFECT: invention allows producing high-quality synthetic gas generated out of wastes by plasma arc gasification, which is fit for effective treatment and power generation. 32 cl, 2 dwg, 7 tbl, 2 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 572 998 C2 (51) МПК C10J 3/18 (2006.01) C01B 3/34 (2006.01) C10J 3/00 (2006.01) C10J 3/72 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2013126521/05, 10.11.2011 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 10.11.2011 Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (43) Дата публикации заявки: 20.12.2014 Бюл. № 35 (45) Опубликовано: 20.01.2016 Бюл. № 2 (73) Патентообладатель(и): ЭР ПРОДАКТС ЭНД КЕМИКАЛЗ, ИНК. (US), АЛЬТЕР НРГ КОРП (CA) (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 10.06.2013 (86) Заявка PCT: 2 5 7 2 9 9 8 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 4141696 А, 27.02.1979. US 2009/ 151250 А1, 18.06.2009. SU 764616 А3, 15.09.1980. RU 2213766 С1, 10.10.2003. R U 10.11.2010 US 61/412,078 (72) Автор(ы): КРИШНАМУРТИ Говри (US), КРЕЦ Кристин Пек (US), ХИКДОН III Чарльз Роланд (US), ГОРОДЕЦКИЙ Александр (CA), САНТОИАННИ Джеймс (US) 2 5 7 2 9 9 8 ...

Patent RU2020111784A3

РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2020 111 784 A (51) МПК C10J 3/12 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2020111784, 27.09.2018 (71) Заявитель(и): ДЖАПАН БЛЮ ЭНЕРДЖИ КО., ЛТД. (JP) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 29.09.2017 JP 2017-191607 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 29.04.2020 R U (43) Дата публикации заявки: 29.10.2021 Бюл. № 31 (72) Автор(ы): ДОВАКИ Наоки (JP), КАМИУТИ Хисаси (JP), КАМЕЯМА Мицуо (JP) (86) Заявка PCT: (87) Публикация заявки PCT: WO 2019/065851 (04.04.2019) R U (54) Устройство газификации биомассы (57) Формула изобретения 1. Устройство газификации биомассы, содержащее: реактор пиролиза биомассы, имеющий вход биомассы и вход неокисляющего газа и/или вход пара; реактор риформинга пиролизованного газа, имеющий вход пара и выход реформированного газа; трубу ввода пиролизованного газа для ввода пиролизованного газа, произведенного в реакторе пиролиза биомассы, в реактор риформинга пиролизованного газа, причем труба ввода пиролизованного газа расположена между реактором пиролиза биомассы и реактором риформинга пиролизованного газа, в котором реактор пиролиза биомассы дополнительно содержит порт ввода и порт вывода для множества предварительно нагретых гранул и/или кусков и выполнен с возможностью пиролиза биомассы с использованием тепла множества гранул и/или кусков, и реактор риформинга пиролизованного газа выполнен с возможностью парового риформинга пиролизованного газа, произведенного в ходе пиролиза биомассы, при этом устройство газификации биомассы отличается тем, что: реактор риформинга пиролизованного газа дополнительно содержит вход воздуха или кислорода и осуществляет паровой риформинг с частичным сжиганием пиролизованного газа, произведенного в ходе пиролиза биомассы, с использованием воздуха или кислорода; и Стр.: 1 A 2 0 2 0 1 1 1 7 8 4 A Адрес для переписки: 191002, Санкт-Петербург, а/я 5, ООО "Ляпунов и партнеры" 2 0 2 0 ...

Scalable biomass reactor and method

A system and method capable of efficient production of synthesis gas from biomass materials in a manner which can be scaled to relatively large throughput capacities. the system is operable to compact a loose biomass material and simultaneously introduce the compacted biomass material into entrances of internal passages of multiple parallel reactors, heat the compacted biomass material within the reactors to a temperature at which organic molecules within the compacted biomass material break down to form ash and gases comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen gases, inhibit combustion of the compacted biomass material when heated within the internal passages of the reactors, conduct the carbon monoxide and hydrogen gases through the reactors in a direction opposite the movement of the compacted biomass through the reactors, and remove the ash from the reactor.

Systems and methods for power production including methanation

본 발명은 고체나 액체 탄화수소 또는 탄소질 연료를 사용할 때에 탄소 포집과 함께 고효율의 동력 생산을 구현하도록 적용되는 동력 생산 시스템에 관한 것이다. 보다 상세하게는, 고체 또는 액체 연료는 먼저 메탄 함량이 농후화된 산출 스트림을 제공하도록 구성되는 부분 산화 반응기 내에서 부분적으로 산화된다. 결과적인 부분적으로 산화된 스트림은 냉각되고, 여과되며, 선택적으로 냉각될 수 있으며, 이후에 연소 연료로서 동력 생산 시스템의 연소기로 안내된다. 상기 부분적으로 산화된 스트림은 압축된 재순환 CO 2 스트림 및 산소와 결합된다. 상기 연소 스트림은 동력을 생성하도록 터빈에 걸쳐 팽창되고, 레큐퍼레이터 열교환기로 통과된다. 상기 재순환 CO 2 스트림은 압축되고, 상기 결합된 시스템들에 대해 증가된 효율을 제공하기 위해 유용한 방식으로 상기 레큐퍼레이터 열교환기 및 선택적으로 상기 POX 열교환기로 통과된다. The present invention relates to a power generation system that is applied to realize high-efficiency power generation with carbon capture when using solid or liquid hydrocarbon or carbonaceous fuel. More specifically, the solid or liquid fuel is first partially oxidized in a partial oxidation reactor configured to provide an output stream enriched in methane content. The resulting partially oxidized stream can be cooled, filtered, and optionally cooled, and then directed to the combustor of the power production system as combustion fuel. The partially oxidized stream is combined with a compressed recycle C0 2 stream and oxygen. The combustion stream is expanded across the turbine to generate power and passed to a recuperator heat exchanger. The recycled CO 2 stream is compressed and passed to the recuperator heat exchanger and optionally the POX heat exchanger in a useful manner to provide increased efficiency for the combined systems.

the method of manufacturing syn-gas from polypropylene resin waste using steam plasma process

본 발명의 목적은 스팀 플라즈마 공정을 이용한 폐 폴리프로필렌 수지로부터의 합성가스 제조방법을 제공하는 데 있다. 이를 위하여 본 발명은 플라즈마 발생장치에 플라즈마 가스로 스팀을 공급하는 단계(단계1); 폐 폴리프로필렌 수지를 반응로에 공급하는 단계(단계2); 및 상기 플라즈마 발생장치에 의해 생성된 스팀 플라즈마를 반응로에 공급하여 폐 폴리프로필렌 수지를 가스화 반응시켜 합성가스를 생산하는 단계(단계3)를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 스팀 플라즈마 공정을 이용한 폐 폴리프로필렌 수지로부터의 합성가스 제조방법을 제공한다. 본 발명에 따른 스팀 플라즈마 공정을 이용한 폐 폴리프로필렌 수지로부터의 합성가스 제조방법은 플라즈마의 고열을 이용하여 폐 폴리프로필렌 수지를 가스화처리하는 방법이다. 본 발명에 따르면 폐 폴리프로필렌을 직접 소각하여 발생가능한 2차 오염물질들의 발생을 방지할 수 있고, 폐 폴리프로필렌의 매립으로부터 발생가능한 매립지의 안정성 저해 문제를 방지할 수 있다. 또한, 본 발명에 따르면 폐 폴리프로필렌 수지로부터 일산화탄소 및 수소의 합성가스가 80 % 이상의 전환율로 합성될 수 있고, 상기 합성가스를 메탄올, 암모니아 등의 생산공정에서 원료가스로 사용할 수 있어 재활용이 가능하다. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing syngas from waste polypropylene resin using a steam plasma process. To this end, the present invention comprises the steps of supplying steam to the plasma generating apparatus as a plasma gas (step 1); Supplying the waste polypropylene resin to the reactor (step 2); And supplying the steam plasma generated by the plasma generator to the reactor to gasify the waste polypropylene resin to produce a synthesis gas (step 3). Provided is a method for producing syngas from a resin. Synthetic gas production method from waste polypropylene resin using the steam plasma process according to the present invention is a method of gasifying the waste polypropylene resin using the high heat of the plasma. According to the present invention, it is possible to directly incinerate the waste polypropylene to prevent the generation of secondary pollutants that can be generated, and to prevent the problem of impairing the stability of the landfill which can be generated from the landfill of the waste polypropylene. In addition, according to the present invention, the synthesis gas of carbon monoxide and hydrogen may be synthesized from a waste polypropylene resin at a conversion rate of 80% or more, and the synthesis gas may be used as a raw material gas in a production process such as methanol and ...

System integration of a steam reformer and fuel cell

A novel process and apparatus for power generation from biomass and other carbonaceous feedstocks are provided. The process integrates a pulse combustor steam reformer with a fuel cell to generate electricity such that (i) efficiencies are higher than those of conventional and emerging advanced power systems, and (ii) emissions are lower than those proposed by the new environmental regulations, i.e. one-tenth of the New Source Performance Standards. The pulse combustor steam reformer generates a hydrogen-rich, medium-Btu fuel gas that is electrochemically oxidized in the fuel cell to generate electricity. The apparatus may be configured to produce only power or combined heat and power.

Heat and energy integrated continuous process for plastic waste recovery

Improvements relate to a heat and energy integrated method and apparatus for plastic waste recovery having supercritical liquefaction. A volume of plastic waste is processed to produce a plastic waste stream. A reaction unit is utilized for adsorbing the plastic with a solvent having at least water, plus heating and pressurizing the plastic waste stream with the solvent into a supercritical extraction state for converting the plastic waste stream into a mixture fluid stream of a supercritical nature within the reaction unit. The mixture fluid stream may be cycled proximate to the outlet from the reaction unit via periodically letting the pressure down, and then letting the pressure recover. A volume of inert solids are removed from the mixture fluid stream thereby creating a remaining combined gases and liquids fluid stream. Power is recovered from the remaining combined gases and liquids fluid stream. And, volumes of water, gas and oil are separated from the combined gases and liquids fluid stream.

Systems and methods for electricity production, including methanogenesis

Fuels and fuel additives with high biogenic content derived from renewable organic raw materials

Generating clean syngas from biomass

将生物质气化来生成合成气。使合成气经受热裂解。将来自离开一个热裂解阶段的合成气的热量传递到进入该裂解阶段的合成气中。生物质气化装置可以包括一个热路径，该热路径被连接为用于将来自一个热裂解过程的出口的热量传递到该热裂解过程的一个入口。能量效率得到提高。合成气可以被用作发动机或燃料电池的燃料，被燃烧以产生热量、或被加工成一种燃料。

Method and unit to recover synthesis gas from biomass

FIELD: oil and gas production industry. SUBSTANCE: invention is related to method and unit to recover synthesis gas from biomass. According to the invention the method includes stages of fuel gas burning in combustion unit (4) with production of hit flue gases (7), passage of flue gases (7) via thermal storage device (1) to heat-up the thermal storage device (1) to high temperature, heat-up of gaseous medium located there and use of this medium to heat-up biomass in the reactor (2) to high temperature with production of synthesis gas, supply of produced synthesis gas for heating to thermal storage device, removal, at least, of part of produced synthesis gas via thermal storage device (1), biomass reactor (2) and back to the thermal storage device (1). EFFECT: reduced energy consumption and improved environmental properties of the synthesis gas recovery method with small content of admixtures. 17 cl, 3 dwg, 2 ex ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÀß ÔÅÄÅÐÀÖÈß RU (19) (11) 2 336 296 (13) C2 (51) ÌÏÊ C10J 3/04 (2006.01) ÔÅÄÅÐÀËÜÍÀß ÑËÓÆÁÀ ÏÎ ÈÍÒÅËËÅÊÒÓÀËÜÍÎÉ ÑÎÁÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ, ÏÀÒÅÍÒÀÌ È ÒÎÂÀÐÍÛÌ ÇÍÀÊÀÌ (12) ÎÏÈÑÀÍÈÅ ÈÇÎÁÐÅÒÅÍÈß Ê ÏÀÒÅÍÒÓ (21), (22) Çà âêà: 2006108252/04, 16.09.2004 (72) Àâòîð(û): ßÊÎÁÑÅÍ Àíêåð ßðë (DK) (24) Äàòà íà÷àëà îòñ÷åòà ñðîêà äåéñòâè ïàòåíòà: 16.09.2004 (73) Ïàòåíòîîáëàäàòåëü(è): ßÊÎÁÑÅÍ Àíêåð ßðë (DK) R U (30) Êîíâåíöèîííûé ïðèîðèòåò: 16.09.2003 DK PA 2003 01336 (43) Äàòà ïóáëèêàöèè çà âêè: 27.10.2007 (45) Îïóáëèêîâàíî: 20.10.2008 Áþë. ¹ 29 2 3 3 6 2 9 6 (56) Ñïèñîê äîêóìåíòîâ, öèòèðîâàííûõ â îò÷åòå î ïîèñêå: US 2694047 À, 09.11.1954. SU 78838 A1, 05.05.1975. SU 1584757 A3, 07.08.1990. SU 1766947 A1, 07.10.1992. (85) Äàòà ïåðåâîäà çà âêè PCT íà íàöèîíàëüíóþ ôàçó: 17.04.2006 2 3 3 6 2 9 6 R U (87) Ïóáëèêàöè PCT: WO 2005/026296 (24.03.2005) C 2 C 2 (86) Çà âêà PCT: DK 2004/000616 (16.09.2004) Àäðåñ äë ïåðåïèñêè: 191186, Ñàíêò-Ïåòåðáóðã, à/ 230, ÎÎÎ "ÀÐÑÏàòåíò", ïàò.ïîâ. Â.Â.Äîùå÷êèíîé (54) ÑÏÎÑÎÁ È ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ ÄËß ÏÎËÓ×ÅÍÈß ÑÈÍÒÅÇ-ÃÀÇÀ ÈÇ ÁÈÎÌÀÑÑÛ (57) Ðåôåðàò: Èçîáðåòåíèå ...

Process and system for converting carbonaceous feedstocks into energy without greenhouse gas emissions

The process and system of the invention converts carbonaceous feedstock such as coal, hydrocarbon oil, natural gas, petroleum coke, oil shale, carbonaceous-containing waste oil, carbonaceous-containing medical waste, carbonaceous-containing hazardous waste, carbonaceous-containing medical waste, and mixtures thereof into electrical energy without the production of unwanted greenhouse emissions. The process and system uses a combination of a gasifier, e.g., a kiln, operating in the exit range of at least 700° to about 1600° C. (1300–2900° F.) to convert the carbonaceous feedstock and a greenhouse gas stream into a synthesis gas comprising mostly carbon monoxide and hydrogen without the need for expensive catalysts and or high pressure operations. One portion of the synthesis gas from the gasifier becomes electrochemically oxidized in an electricity-producing fuel cell into an exit gas comprising carbon dioxide and water. The latter is recycled back to the gasifier after a portion of water is condensed out. The second portion of the synthesis gas from the gasifier is converted into useful hydrocarbon products.

Waste processing

본 발명은 폐기 물질로부터 에너지를 발생시키기 위한 시스템(10)을 제공한다. 당해 시스템은 신가스를 발생시키기 위한 제1 배치 처리 오븐(12) 및 신가스를 발생시키기 위한 제2 배치 처리 오븐(14)을 포함한다. 하나 이상의 열처리 챔버(20)는 신가스가 생성된 후 이를 가열하고, 에너지 변환기(22)는 신가스로부터의 에너지를 전기 에너지로 변환시킨다.

A modular power station for the production primarily of hydrogen from solar energy and a method of generating electric energy.

Method and apparatus for substitute natural gas generation

본 발명은 다단계 반응기를 포함한 시스템에 관한 것이다. 다단계 반응기는 산 가스의 사전 제거 없이 메탄을 생성하도록 구성된 사워 메탄화 반응기 및 수성 가스 전환(WGS) 반응기를 포함할 수 있다. 또한, 다단계 반응기는 WGS 반응기 및 메탄화 반응기 둘 다를 갖는 단일 유닛일 수 있다. The present invention relates to a system comprising a multistage reactor. The multistage reactor may include a sourmethanation reactor and a water gas shift (WGS) reactor configured to produce methane without the pre-removal of the acid gas. In addition, the multi-stage reactor may be a single unit having both a WGS reactor and a methanation reactor.

SYSTEM FOR PROCESSING COAL IN GAS OF A SPECIFIC COMPOSITION

1. Система газификации для ступенчатого преобразования угля в газ определенного состава и твердый остаток, причем упомянутая система газификации содержит: ! конвертер с огнеупорной футеровкой с некоторым количеством входов и некоторым количеством выходов, содержащий одну или больше зон газификации и одну или больше зон плазменного риформинга газа, причем каждая из одной или нескольких зон газификации предназначена для одной или больше операций сушки, испарения или преобразования обуглившегося материала в золу; ! один или больше плазменных источников нагрева для подачи регулируемой теплоты плазмы в одну или больше зон плазменного риформинга газа и ! интегрированную систему управления для измерения параметров системы и осуществления регулировок, влияющих на состав конечного газа, содержащую: ! средство для перемещения материала через одну или несколько зон газификации; ! средство для регулирования входного расхода сырья; ! средство для регулирования теплоты плазмы и ! средство для регулирования входного расхода добавок, причем регулировки основаны на измеряемых изменениях параметров системы для поддержания таких параметров в допустимых диапазонах с целью получения конечного газа определенного состава. ! 2. Система по п.1, отличающаяся тем, что одна или больше зон газификации являются горизонтально ориентированными зонами газификации. ! 3. Система по п.1, отличающаяся тем, что одна или больше зон газификации являются вертикально ориентированными зонами газификации. ! 4. Система по любому одному из пунктов 1-3, кроме того содержащая подсистему обработки твердого остатка. ! 6. Система по любому одному из пунктов РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2007 146 272 (13) A (51) МПК C10J 3/18 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ, ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21), (22) Заявка: 2007146272/15, 05.06.2006 (71) Заявитель(и): Пласко Энерджи Групп Инк., (CA) (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 03.06.2005 US 60/687,475 05.06.2006 US 60/797, ...

Device for disposal of bulk organic wastes

FIELD: machine engineering. SUBSTANCE: device comprises a series-mounted feed hopper 1, a gas generator 2, a vortex trap 4, heat exchangers 5 and scrubbers 6 connected to each other by heat-insulated steel pipes, as well as an ash residue discharge line. An outlet 9 of said line is connected between the gas generator 2 and the vortex trap 4. The gas generator 2 is provided with an air supply control unit 3 and connected to it by flexible textile air ducts. After the gas generator 2, a combustion unit of the ash residue 10 is installed. The combustion unit of the ash residue 10 can be arranged between the gas generator 2 and the outlet of the ash residue discharge line 9 or directly on the ash residue discharge line. EFFECT: improved disposal efficiency by producing high quality amorphous silicon-containing residue. 4 cl, 2 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 631 294 C1 (51) МПК C10B 53/02 (2006.01) B09B 3/00 (2006.01) C10J 3/20 (2006.01) C01B 3/02 (2006.01) C01B 33/12 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2016150131, 19.12.2016 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 19.12.2016 (72) Автор(ы): Долицай Григорий Дмитриевич (RU) Дата регистрации: 20.09.2017 Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 19.12.2016 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 145436 U1, 20.09.2014. RU 2 6 3 1 2 9 4 R U (54) УСТРОЙСТВО УТИЛИЗАЦИИ СЫПУЧИХ ОРГАНИЧЕСКИХ ОТХОДОВ (57) Реферат: Изобретение относится к утилизации подключен между газогенератором 2 и вихревым органических отходов, а именно к устройствам уловителем 4. Газогенератор 2 снабжен блоком для их переработки путем пиролиза с получением контроля подачи воздуха 3 и соединен с ним генераторного газа, и может быть использовано гибкими текстильными воздуховодами. После для утилизации отходов заводов по производству газогенератора 2 установлен блок дожигания риса и овса с получением аморфного зольного остатка 10. Блок дожигания ...

Integrated hydromethanation fuel cell power generation

The present invention relates to processes and apparatuses for generating electrical power from certain non-gaseous carbonaceous feedstocks through the integration of catalytic hydromethanation technology with fuel cell technology.

Integrated hydromethanation fuel cell power generation

The present invention relates to processes and apparatuses for generating electrical power from certain non-gaseous carbonaceous feedstocks through the integration of catalytic hydromethanation technology with fuel cell technology.

System and method for power production including methanation

The present disclosure relates to a power production system that is adapted to achieve high efficiency power production with carbon capture when using a solid or liquid hydrocarbon or carbonaceous fuel. More particularly, the solid or liquid fuel first is partially oxidized in a partial oxidation reactor that is configured to provide an output stream that is enriched in methane content. The resulting partially oxidized stream can be cooled, filtered, additionally cooled, and then directed to a combustor of a power production system as the combustion fuel. The partially oxidized stream is combined with a compressed recycle CO2 stream and oxygen. The combustion stream is expanded across a turbine to produce power and passed through a recuperator heat exchanger. The recycle CO2 stream is compressed and passed through the recuperator heat exchanger and optionally the POX heat exchanger in a manner useful to provide increased efficiency to the combined systems.

Hydrogen production from carbonaceous material

Hydrogen is produced from solid or liquid carbon-containing fuels in a two-step process. The fuel is gasified with hydrogen in a hydrogenation reaction to produce a methane-rich gaseous reaction product, which is then reacted with water and calcium oxide in a hydrogen production and carbonation reaction to produce hydrogen and calcium carbonate. The calcium carbonate may be continuously removed from the hydrogen production and carbonation reaction zone and calcined to regenerate calcium oxide, which may be reintroduced into the hydrogen production and carbonation reaction zone. Hydrogen produced in the hydrogen production and carbonation reaction is more than sufficient both to provide the energy necessary for the calcination reaction and also to sustain the hydrogenation of the coal in the gasification reaction. The excess hydrogen is available for energy production or other purposes. Substantially all of the carbon introduced as fuel ultimately emerges from the invention process in a stream of substantially pure carbon dioxide. The water necessary for the hydrogen production and carbonation reaction may be introduced into both the gasification and hydrogen production and carbonation reactions, and allocated so as transfer the exothermic heat of reaction of the gasification reaction to the endothermic hydrogen production and carbonation reaction.

Manufacturing process for Fischer-Tropsch liquids with high biogenic concentrations derived from municipal solid waste (MSW) raw materials

Method and apparatus for substitute natural gas generation

A system comprising a multi-stage reactor. The multi-stage reactor may include a water gas shift (WGS) reactor and a sour methanation reactor configured to generate methane without prior removal of acid gas. Furthermore, the multistage reactor may be a single unit having both the WGS reactor and the methanation reactor.

Process for duplex rotary reformer

Methods and apparatuses for producing fuel and power from the reformation of organic waste include the use of steam to produce syngas in a Fischer-Tropsch reaction, followed by conversion of that syngas product to hydrogen. Some embodiments include the use of a heated auger both to heat the organic waste and further to cool the syngas.

Method and plant for converting solid biomass into electricity

A method and plant for converting solid biomass into electricity by means of a gasifier/fuel cell combination comprising: introducing solid biomass and a gasification medium into the gasifier, introducing a product gas from the gasifier into a particle separator to produce a product gas with low particulate content, introducing the product gas into a reactor for catalytic conversion, introducing the product gas into a sulfur absorber, and then introducing the product gas into a fuel cell for generating electrical energy, wherein the particle separator and reactor are in a single apparatus and a by-pass control is used for adjusting the catalytic conversion in respect of the product gas with low particulate content. In a plant, the particle separator apparatus includes catalytically coated or active monoliths wherein the full or partial catalytic conversion of the gas that has been freed of particulates proceeds.

integrated hydrogenation methanation fuel cell power generation

本发明涉及通过催化加氢甲烷化技术与燃料电池技术的集成由某些非气态含碳材料产生电力的工艺和装置。

Multi-reaction process for forming a product gas from solid carbonaceous material

A direct carbonaceous material to power generation system integrates one or more solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) into a fluidized bed gasifier. The fuel cell anode is in direct contact with bed material so that the H 2 and CO generated in the bed are oxidized to H 2 O and CO 2 to create a push-pull or source-sink reaction environment. The SOFC is exothermic and supplies heat within a reaction chamber of the gasifier where the fluidized bed conducts an endothermic reaction. The products from the anode are the reactants for the reformer and vice versa. A lower bed in the reaction chamber may comprise engineered multi-function material which may incorporate one or more catalysts and reactant adsorbent sites to facilitate excellent heat and mass transfer and fluidization dynamics in fluidized beds. The catalyst is capable of cracking tars and reforming hydrocarbons.

Universal feeder for gasification reactors

A universal feeder system that combines with a fluidized bed gasification reactor for the treatment of multiple diverse feedstocks including sewage sludge, municipal solid waste, wood waste, refuse derived fuels, automotive shredder residue and non-recyclable plastics. The invention thereby also illustrates a method of gasification for multiple and diverse feedstocks using a universal feeder system. The feeder system comprises one or more feed vessels and at least one live bottom dual screw feeder. The feed vessel is rectangular shaped having three vertical sides and an angled side of no less than 60 degrees from the horizontal to facilitate proper flow of feedstock material that have different and/or variable flow properties. The feedstocks are transferred through an open bottom chute to a live bottom dual screw feeder and through another open bottom chute to a transfer screw feeder that conveys feedstock to the fuel feed inlets of a gasifier.

Universal feeder for gasification reactors

A universal feeder system that combines with a fluidized bed gasification reactor for the treatment of multiple diverse feedstocks including sewage sludge, municipal solid waste, wood waste, refuse derived fuels, automotive shredder residue and non-recyclable plastics. The invention thereby also illustrates a method of gasification for multiple and diverse feedstocks using a universal feeder system. The feeder system comprises one or more feed vessels and at least one live bottom dual screw feeder. The feed vessel is rectangular shaped having three vertical sides and an angled side of no less than 60 degrees from the horizontal to facilitate proper flow of feedstock material that have different and/or variable flow properties. The feedstocks are transferred through an open bottom chute to a live bottom dual screw feeder and through another open bottom chute to a transfer screw feeder that conveys feedstock to the fuel feed inlets of a gasifier.

Apparatus for converting coal into fuel cell quality hydrogen and sequestration-ready carbon dioxide

An apparatus for burning coal to produce substantially pure hydrogen for use in fuel cells, together with “sequestration ready” carbon dioxide and a stream of oxygen depleted air for powering gas turbines. The apparatus includes two fluidized bed reactors and a third transfer line reactor. The first reactor is supplied with coal particles or “char” and fluidized with high temperature steam. The second reactor is fluidized with high temperature steam and the third reactor is fluidized by compressed air. Solids circulated among these three reactors include a mixture of materials containing coal, calcium compounds (present as CaO, CaCO 3 and mixtures thereof) and iron compounds (present as FeO, Fe 2 O 3 and mixtures thereof).

Membrane reactor for H2S, CO2 and H2 separation

A system for the selective removal of CO 2 , H 2 S, and H 2 from a gaseous fluid mixture comprising CO 2 , H 2 S, and H 2 , which system includes a first membrane section having a nonporous metal oxide membrane, a second membrane section having a CO 2 -selective membrane, and a third membrane section having an H 2 -selective membrane. Each membrane section has a feed side and a permeate side and the membrane sections are arranged in series whereby the gaseous fluid mixture contacts the feed side, in sequence, of the first membrane section, the second membrane section and the third membrane section, resulting first in the separation or removal of H 2 S, second in the separation or removal of CO 2 , and third in the separation or removal of H 2 . The process can be used to process synthesis gas generated from the gasification or reforming of carbonaceous materials for hydrogen production and carbon dioxide capture.

Micro-gasifier array networking

A method is described for integrating a plurality of micro-gasifiers comprising gasifiers, filters, and engine sets or turbine gensets or combined cycle gensets by linking them via a common bus wherein air flow and engine fuel flow is regulated by valves controlling gas flow between the bus and engine genset or turbine genset or combined cycle genset.

A process for converting waste into clean energy and value-added products

The invention is broadly directed to a continuous recycling process comprising: providing a homogenised waste material; forming the homogenised waste material into briquettes having a consistent size and density; feeding the briquettes into a first reactor and pyrolysing the briquettes so as to provide carbon and syngas, wherein heat from the syngas is used to drive further pyrolysis. The syngas may be subjected to a high-temperature water-gas shift reaction to enrich the hydrogen continent of the syngas, and scrubbed to remove contaminants, wherein heat is then exchanged from the syngas with water so as to provide superheated steam which is used in the high-temperature water-gas shift reaction and a cooled syngas.