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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
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Применить Всего найдено 3389. Отображено 100.
26-01-2012 дата публикации

Generation of materials with enhanced hydrogen content from anaerobic microbial consortia including desulfuromonas or clostridia

Номер: US20120021495A1
Автор: Gary Vanzin
Принадлежит: Luca Technologies LLC

An isolated microbial consortia is described. The consortia may include a first-bite microbial consortium that converts a starting hydrocarbon that is a complex hydrocarbon into two or more first-bite metabolic products. The consortia may also include a downstream microbial consortium that converts a starting hydrocarbon metabolic product into a downstream metabolic product. The downstream metabolic product has a greater mol. % hydrogen than the starting hydrocarbon. The first-bite microbial consortium or the downstream microbial consortium includes one or more species of Desulfuromonas.

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Номер записи: 1
30-08-2012 дата публикации

Hydrogen production from microbial strains

Номер: US20120220006A1
Автор: Caroline S. Harwood, Federico E. REY
Принадлежит: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON

The present invention is directed to a method of screening microbe strains capable of generating hydrogen. This method involves inoculating one or more microbes in a sample containing cell culture medium to form an inoculated culture medium. The inoculated culture medium is then incubated under hydrogen producing conditions. Once incubating causes the inoculated culture medium to produce hydrogen, microbes in the culture medium are identified as candidate microbe strains capable of generating hydrogen. Methods of producing hydrogen using one or more of the microbial strains identified as well as the hydrogen producing strains themselves are also disclosed.

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Номер записи: 2
06-12-2012 дата публикации

Generation of hydrogen from hydrocarbon bearing materials

Номер: US20120309070A1
Автор: Eric L. Szaloczi, Glenn A. Ulrich, James B. Dodson, Jeffrey L. Weber, Robert S. Pfeiffer, Roland P. DeBruyn
Принадлежит: Luca Technologies LLC

Disclosed are strategies for the economical microbial generation of hydrogen, useful as an alternative energy source, from hydrocarbon-rich deposits such as coal, oil and/or gas formations, oil shale, bitumen, tar sands, carbonaceous shale, peat deposits and sediments rich in organic matter through the management of the metabolism of microbial consortia.

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Номер записи: 3
07-02-2013 дата публикации

Novel microorganism, and hydrogen production process, 1,3-propanediol production process and biodiesel liquid waste treatment method each using the microorganism

Номер: US20130034889A1
Автор: Yukio Okada
Принадлежит: Sapporo Breweries Ltd

The present invention provides a microorganism belonging to the genus Enterobacter, wherein the microorganism has an ability to assimilate glycerol to produce hydrogen gas and 1,3-propanediol, and wherein the microorganism is capable of assimilating glycerol in the presence of 10 mass % glycerol.

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Номер записи: 4
28-03-2013 дата публикации

Biological and chemical process utilizing chemoautotrophic microorganisms for the chemosythetic fixation of carbon dioxide and/or other inorganic carbon sources into organic compounds, and the generation of additional useful products

Номер: US20130078690A1
Автор: John S. Reed
Принадлежит: Kiverdi Inc

The invention described herein presents compositions and methods for a multistep biological and chemical process for the capture and conversion of carbon dioxide and/or other forms of inorganic carbon into organic chemicals including biofuels or other useful industrial, chemical, pharmaceutical, or biomass products. One or more process steps utilizes chemoautotrophic microorganisms to fix inorganic carbon into organic compounds through chemosynthesis. An additional feature described are process steps whereby electron donors used for the chemosynthetic fixation of carbon are generated by chemical or electrochemical means, or are produced from inorganic or waste sources. An additional feature described are process steps for the recovery of useful chemicals produced by the carbon dioxide capture and conversion process, both from chemosynthetic reaction steps, as well as from non-biological reaction steps.

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Номер записи: 5
11-04-2013 дата публикации

Industrial fatty acid engineering general system for modifying fatty acids

Номер: US20130089899A1
Автор: Christer JANNSON, Itzhak Kurek, John S. Reed, Lisa Dyson, Michael Siani-Rose
Принадлежит: Kiverdi Inc

Compositions and methods for a hybrid biological and chemical process utilizing chemotrophic microorganisms that converts syngas and/or gaseous CO2 and/or a mixture of CO2 gas and H2 gas into one or more desaturated hydrocarbons, unsaturated fatty acids, hydroxy acids, or diacids.

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Номер записи: 6
11-04-2013 дата публикации

HYDROGEN PRODUCTION METHOD USING ALCOHOL AND PHOTOSYNTHETIC BACTERIA

Номер: US20130089907A1
Автор: Hwang Hyae-Jeong, KIM Dong-Hoon, Kim Eui-Jin, Kim Mi-Sun, Lee Jeong-Kug
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure relates to methods for producing hydrogen using photosynthetic bacteria comprising a step of culturing the photosynthetic bacteria in the presence of alcohol at the condition under which the photosynthesis occurs. The present methods are cost-effective and have a high applicability due to the increased hydrogen productivity compared to the conventional methods in addition to not being sensitive by the inhibitory action by ammonium ion present in the culture. Thus the present methods are particularly useful for producing hydrogen using organic wastes which contains large amount of ammonia therein. 1. A method of producing hydrogen comprising a step of culturing photosynthetic bacteria in a medium under a photosynthetic condition and in the presence of an alcohol.2Rhodobacter. The method of claim 1 , wherein the photosynthetic bacteria is sp.3Rhodobacter sphaeroides, R. capsulatus, R. apigmentum, R. azotoformans, R. blasticus, R. gluconicum, R. litoralis, R. massiliensisR. veldkampii.. The method of claim 1 , wherein the photosynthetic bacteria is selected from the group consisting of and4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alcohol is one or more selected from the group consisting of methanol claim 1 , ethanol claim 1 , propanol claim 1 , isopropanol and butanol.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alcohol affects the activity of a nitrogenase.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method can be performed in the presence of ammonium.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alcohol is not consumed during the hydrogen production.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alcohol is included in the medium at a concentration from about 0.05 vol % to about 2 vol %.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alcohol is added to the medium at simultaneously with the inoculation of the photosynthetic bacteria claim 1 , and/or at the early stage of the culturing step.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the photosynthesis is performed at about 20° C. to 37° C. ...

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Номер записи: 7
18-04-2013 дата публикации

DIGESTER SYSTEM

Номер: US20130095546A1
Автор: JOHNSON Dennis J., JOHNSON Matthew W.
Принадлежит:

A manure mixture within an anaerobic digestion tank stratifies to form a liquid effluent layer and a sludge layer. Liquid effluent from the liquid effluent layer is withdrawn from the tank through a height adjustable valve. The height adjustable valve is adapted to automatically adjust the position of its intake end within the liquid effluent layer in response to the level of the sludge layer detected by a sludge meter located within the tank. Liquid effluent withdrawn from the tank is passed through a heat exchange system including at least one heat exchanger. Heat from the heat exchanger is transferred to the liquid effluent to produce heated liquid effluent. The heated liquid effluent is reintroduced back into the digestion tank such that the temperature of the manure mixture within the tank is maintained within a suitable temperature range for anaerobic digestion of the manure mixture. Additionally, the heated liquid effluent is sprayed in an upwards direction so as to effect mixing of the manure mixture within the tank. 1. A digestion system for converting a manure mixture comprising a liquid effluent layer having a liquid level and a sludge layer having a solids level , the system comprising: 'a first end and a second end, a headspace defined above the liquid level within the tank, and a height adjustable valve including an intake end positioned within the liquid effluent layer and configured to withdraw liquid effluent from the liquid effluent layer and out of the digestion tank;', 'a digestion tank includinga heat exchange system fluidly coupled to the digestion tank, wherein liquid effluent withdrawn from the liquid layer is passed through the heat exchange system for heating before being returned to the digestion tank;a water recirculation system fluidly coupled to the heat exchange system for providing heat to the heat exchange system;a biogas collection system for regulating a level of biogas collected in the headspace of the digestion tank;a biogas ...

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Номер записи: 8
30-05-2013 дата публикации

Systems and Methods for Developing Terrestrial and Algal Biomass Feedstocks and Bio-Refining the Same

Номер: US20130137154A1
Автор: Reep Paul
Принадлежит: ORIGINOIL, INC.

Methods and systems for developing and bio-refining or processing biomass feedstocks into a spectrum of bio-based products which can be used as a substitute for fossil oil derivatives in various types of product manufacturing processes and/or the production of bio-energy are disclosed. In addition, methods and systems for identifying, measuring and controlling key parameters in relation to specific biomass developing processes and bio-refining processes so as to maximize the efficiency and efficacy of such processes while standardizing the underlying parameters to facilitate and enhance large-scale production of bio-based products and/or bio-energy are disclosed. 1. A method for processing standardized biomass feedstocks to yield bio-based products , comprising:providing a standardized biomass feedstock;formatting the standardized biomass feedstock for subsequent refinement; andprocessing the standardized biomass feedstock to yield bio-based products therefrom.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein providing a standardized biomass feedstock comprises providing one of: a terrestrial biomass feedstock and a high moisture content biomass feedstock.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the terrestrial biomass feedstock comprises one of: a herbaceous biomass feedstock claim 2 , a woody biomass feedstock claim 2 , an agricultural food claim 2 , an agricultural feed crop claim 2 , an agricultural crop waste claim 2 , an agricultural residue claim 2 , a wood waste claim 2 , a wood residue claim 2 , an aquatic plant claim 2 , a vegetable oil claim 2 , a livestock manure claim 2 , a municipal waste claim 2 , and an industrial waste.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the high moisture content biomass feedstock comprises one of: algae claim 2 , beet pulp claim 2 , and sludge.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein providing a standardized biomass feedstock comprises providing a standardized mixture of constituent biomass feedstock components.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the mixture ...

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Номер записи: 9
27-06-2013 дата публикации

SULFIDE GENERATION VIA BIOLOGICAL REDUCTION OF DIVALENT,TETRAVALENT OR PENTAVALENT SULFUR CONTAINING COMBUSTION FLUE GAS OR LIQUOR

Номер: US20130164810A1
Автор: Chow Norman, Warkentin Douglas
Принадлежит: KEMETCO RESEARCH INC.

The present invention relates to the biologically catalyzed, anaerobic generation of sulfide species as sulphide, hydrosulfide or hydrogen sulfide in anaerobic bioreactors from the reduction of tetravalent sulfur derived from one or more sources including sulfur dioxide containing combustion flue gas, or the reduction of divalent or pentavalent sulfur containing liquors such as thiosulfate or dithionate containing liquors. Flue gas sources of sulfur dioxide also contain one or more bio-nutrients or energy sources. The generated sulfide is useful for numerous applications including waste treatment and metals recovery as sulfides. 1. A process for the biologically-catalyzed production of sulfide species including sulfide , hydrosulfide or hydrogen sulfide alone or in combination , utilizing sulfur dioxide containing combustion flue gas alone or in combination with non-sulfur dioxide containing flue gas , that in composite contain useable quantities of one or more biological nutrients or energy sources including , but not limited to carbon monoxide , hydrogen , carbon dioxide , nitrous oxide , nitric oxide , nitrogen dioxide , ammonia , carbonyl sulfide and fly ash.2. The process in where one or more gas streams fed to the bioreactor is at a temperature above ambient temperature and at least a portion of the heat in said gas stream is used to provide heat to the bioreactor.3. The process in where heat from said gas stream is used to maintain the bioreactor temperature in the range of 25-35° C.4. The process in where one or more of the gas streams are produced through the combustion of a suitable fuel source under controlled conditions of excess air.5. The process in where the fuel source is coal.6. The process in where the fuel source is a hydrocarbon fuel claim 4 , which may include claim 4 , but is not limited to one or more of methane claim 4 , ethane claim 4 , propane claim 4 , butane claim 4 , gasoline claim 4 , diesel claim 4 , kerosene claim 4 , fuel oil or ...

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Номер записи: 10
04-07-2013 дата публикации

PRODUCING ENERGY FROM BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL

Номер: US20130171703A1
Автор: GAMZON Eliyahu, YOGEV Amnon
Принадлежит: ENGINEUITY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LTD.

Described are methods and systems for producing synthesis gas. In some embodiments, the method includes microbiologically converting biological material to form methane and CO2; and reacting methane and CO2 formed in (a) with water and metal to form synthesis gas. Optionally, the method also includes cutting vegetation; fermenting the vegetation to form biogas comprising methane and CO2; and reacting the biogas with water and metal to form synthesis gas and metal oxide. In some embodiments of the invention, reacted metal is regenerated from metal oxide produced in the reaction. In some embodiments the regeneration comprises reacting the oxide in a bath of boiling zinc. 1. A method comprising:microbiologically converting biological material to form biogas comprising methane and carbon dioxide, react the zinc, water and the biogas to produce syngas and zinc oxide, and', 'regenerate zinc from the zinc oxide in the reaction chamber, by allowing the zinc oxide to react with the methane, and, 'introducing zinc, water and the biogas into a reaction chamber, to concurrentlyproducing a carbonaceous fuel from the syngas.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the microbial conversion is carried out by cutting vegetation claim 1 , silaging the cut vegetation and fermenting the silaged vegetation.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the zinc is introduced as liquid zinc.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the zinc is introduced as zinc vapor.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the zinc reacts with the water and biogas as zinc vapor and is regenerated from the zinc oxide as liquid zinc.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the biological material comprises sugarcane bagasse and/or portions of sugarcane that are not fermentable to ethanol claim 5 , and further comprising:gasifying the biological material to generate combustible gases, and boiling the liquid zinc with heat obtained from oxidizing the combustible gases.7. The method of claim 5 , further comprising:producing electrical power by ...

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Номер записи: 11
04-07-2013 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR OBTAINING DINITROGEN MONOXIDE (N20)

Номер: US20130171711A1
Автор: Finke Thomas, Lingenfelser Dominic, Mattern Andreas
Принадлежит:

In a method for obtaining dinitrogen monoxide by microbiological or enzymatic processes from nitrogen-containing substances, the microorganisms, bacteria, archaea, eukaryotes, fungi, parasites, phages, cells, cell fractions or membrane fractions, and/or enzymes, and/or a combination thereof to be used in this context are selected, or manipulated or partly or entirely reversibly and/or irreversibly inhibited by suitable actions, or the corresponding microbiological or enzymatic processes are controlled, for example, by way of suitable process conditions, so that, in part or entirely, dinitrogen monoxide (NO) is formed from the nitrogen-containing compounds of the nitrogen-containing substances. 124-. (canceled)25. A method for obtaining dinitrogen monoxide , comprising:implementing one of a microbiological or an enzymatic process using a nitrogen-containing substance including at least one of microorganisms, bacteria, archaea, eukaryotes, fungi, parasites, phages, cells, cell fractions, membrane fractions, and enzymes to produce dinitrogen monoxide.26. The method as recited in claim 25 , wherein the nitrogen-containing substance includes at least one of: wastewaters purified in sewage treatment plants; compounds containing at least one of ammonium ions claim 25 , ammonium compounds claim 25 , nitrite ions claim 25 , nitrate ions claim 25 , ammonium groups claim 25 , nitrite groups claim 25 , and nitrate groups; liquid manure; solid manure; nitrogen-containing biomasses; and nitrogen-containing wastes.27. The method as recited in claim 25 , wherein the at least one of the microorganisms claim 25 , bacteria claim 25 , archaea claim 25 , eukaryotes claim 25 , fungi claim 25 , parasites claim 25 , phages claim 25 , cells claim 25 , cell fractions claim 25 , membrane fractions claim 25 , and enzymes is selected so that at least one of (i) dinitrogen monoxide and (ii) a corresponding precursor or an intermediate product is formed from a nitrogen-containing compound of the ...

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Номер записи: 12
11-07-2013 дата публикации

Sulfide generation process and system for syngas fermentation

Номер: US20130177957A1
Автор: Jianxin Du, Rathin Datta
Принадлежит: Coskata Inc

A process that generates sulfide in production of liquid products from syngas and a system for syngas fermentation including a sulfide generation process to convert feed gas to liquid product, the process including: partially oxidizing high-temperature gas, input gas, and molten sulfur to generate sulfide gas, the high-temperature gas containing oxygen, the input gas containing carbonaceous fuel and the sulfide gas containing hydrogen sulfide, CO, CO 2 , and H 2 ; mixing the sulfide gas with the feed gas to generate mixed gas having a predetermined hydrogen sulfide concentration; providing at least a portion of the mixed gas to a production fermentor containing microorganisms; and converting the mixed gas to the liquid product by contact with the microorganisms.

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Номер записи: 13
01-08-2013 дата публикации

Processing biomass

Номер: US20130196386A1
Автор: Marshall Medoff
Принадлежит: Xyleco Inc

Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, systems are described that can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials, to produce ethanol and/or butanol, e.g., by fermentation.

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Номер записи: 14
01-08-2013 дата публикации

PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR RECOVERING PHOSPHORUS FROM WASTEWATER

Номер: US20130196403A1
Автор: Bowers Keith E.
Принадлежит: MULTIFORM HARVEST INC.

Methods and systems for recovery of phosphorus from wastewater and producing inorganic phosphorus complexes. 1. A method for producing inorganic phosphorus from wastewater , comprising:(a) thickening a phosphorus- and magnesium-containing mixture derived from microorganisms induced to release phosphorus and magnesium to provide a phosphorus- and magnesium-rich liquid and a phosphorus- and magnesium-reduced mixture;(b) conducting the phosphorus- and magnesium-rich liquid to a first inorganic phosphorus reactor;(c) anaerobically treating the phosphorus- and magnesium-reduced mixture to provide an ammonia-rich, phosphorus- and magnesium-reduced mixture;(d) separating a first ammonia-rich, phosphorus- and magnesium-reduced liquid from the ammonia-rich, phosphorus- and magnesium-reduced mixture;(e) conducting the first ammonia-rich, phosphorus- and magnesium-reduced liquid to a second inorganic phosphorus reactor to provide inorganic phosphorus and a second ammonia-rich, phosphorus- and magnesium-reduced liquid; and(f) adding ammonia to the phosphorus- and magnesium-rich liquid in the first inorganic phosphorus reactor to provide inorganic phosphorus.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ammonia added to the phosphorus- and magnesium-rich liquid in the first inorganic phosphorus reactor is derived from the second ammonia-rich claim 1 , phosphorus- and magnesium-reduced liquid.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ammonia added to the phosphorus- and magnesium-rich liquid in the first inorganic phosphorus reactor is derived from the inorganic phosphorus provided in the second inorganic phosphorus reactor.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ammonia added to the phosphorus- and magnesium-rich liquid in the first inorganic phosphorus reactor is from an external source.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ammonia added to the phosphorus- and magnesium-rich liquid in the first inorganic phosphorus reactor is an ammonia-rich claim 1 , phosphorus- and magnesium-reduced ...

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Номер записи: 15
15-08-2013 дата публикации

MAGNETOTACTIC ALGAE AND METHODS OF USE

Номер: US20130210064A1
Автор: Nath Pulak, Twary Scott N.
Принадлежит:

Disclosed herein are magnetotactic algae, such as algae cells that include magnetic nanoparticles. In some examples the magnetotactic algae express a nucleic acid molecule encoding a bacterial MagA ferrous transporter, a nucleic acid molecule encoding a bacterial Mms6 magnetite binding protein, or both. Also disclosed herein are methods for producing magnetotactic algae and methods of producing biofuel or magnetic nanoparticles utilizing magnetotactic algae. Further disclosed herein are methods of enriching a population of magnetotactic algae cells (for example, increasing the number of magnetotactic algae cells in a population of algae cells). In further embodiments, disclosed herein are methods of selecting a transformed algae cell. 1. A magnetotactic alga cell , comprising an alga cell expressing a nucleic acid encoding a bacterial MagA ferrous transporter , a nucleic acid encoding a bacterial Mms6 magnetite binding protein , or a combination thereof.2Magnetospirillum magneticum.. The magnetotactic alga cell of claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid encoding the bacterial MagA ferrous transporter or the nucleic acid encoding the bacterial Mms6 magnetite binding protein is from3Chlamydomonas, Nannochloropsis, Tetraselmis, Botryococcus, Chlorella, Dunaliella, Gracilaria, Pleurochrysis,Sargassum.. The magnetotactic alga cell of claim 1 , wherein the algal cell is or4. A method of producing magnetotactic algae claim 1 , comprising:transforming an alga cell with a nucleic acid encoding a bacterial MagA ferrous transporter, a nucleic acid encoding a bacterial Mms6 magnetite binding protein, or a combination thereof; andcultivating the transformed alga cell or progeny thereof that express the bacterial MagA ferrous transporter, the bacterial Mms6 magnetite binding protein, or both, under conditions sufficient to produce algae comprising magnetic nanoparticles, thereby producing magnetotactic algae.5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising magnetically collecting the ...

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Номер записи: 16
22-08-2013 дата публикации

Method and system for electro-assisted hydrogen production from organic material

Номер: US20130217089A1
Автор: Hisham Mohamed HAFEZ
Принадлежит: Greenfield Ethanol Inc

A method for producing hydrogen from organic material. Organic material and hydrogen-producing microorganisms are provided in a completely mixed bioreactor for breaking down the organic material into H 2 , CO 2 , fatty acids, and alcohols. H 2 , CO 2 , and a first liquid effluent are recovered from the completely mixed bioreactor. The first liquid effluent includes hydrogen-producing microorganisms, fatty acids, and alcohols. The first liquid effluent is provided into a gravity settler for separating the first liquid effluent into a concentrated biomass (including hydrogen-producing microorganisms) and a second liquid effluent (including at least a portion of the fatty acids and the alcohols). The concentrated biomass is provided into the completely mixed bioreactor. An input voltage is applied to at least one of the completely mixed bioreactor and the gravity settler for facilitating an electrohydrogenesis process therein.

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Номер записи: 17
29-08-2013 дата публикации

COMPOSITION

Номер: US20130224820A1
Автор: Kragh Karsten Matthias, Poulsen Charlotte Horsmans
Принадлежит:

There is provided an anti-fouling composition comprising (i) a surface coating material; (ii) an enzyme obtained or obtainable from a marine organism; and (iii)(a) a substrate for the enzyme; and/or (b) a precursor enzyme and a precursor substrate, wherein the precursor enzyme and the precursor substrate are selected such that a substrate for the enzyme is generatable by action of the precursor enzyme on the precursor substrate; wherein the enzyme and the substrate are selected such that an anti-foulant compound is generatable by action of the enzyme on the substrate. 129-. (canceled)30. A method for providing up to at least two (2) years anti-fouling to a surface immersed in fresh or salt water comprisingcoating the surface witha coating, lacquer, stain or enamel comprising:a first enzyme;a first substrate,wherein the first substrate is an oligomer or a polymer of a second substrate,wherein the second substrate is a substrate for an oxidative enzyme, and the first enzyme generates the second substrate from the first substrate; and,a second enzyme which is glucose oxidase, L amino acid oxidase, D amino oxidase, galactose oxidase, hexose oxidase, pyranose oxidase, malate oxidase, cholesterol oxidase, arylalcohol oxidase, alcohol oxidase, lathosterol oxidase, aspartate oxidase, amine oxidase, D glugamate oxidase, ethanolamine oxidase, NADH oxidase, urate oxidase or mixtures thereof; whereby the fouling of the surface is prevented for up to at least two (2) years.31. A method according to claim 30 , wherein the second enzyme is from a marine alga.32Chondrus crispus.. A method according to claim 30 , wherein the second enzyme is from33. A method according to claim 30 , wherein the second enzyme is hexose oxidase.34. A method according to claim 33 , wherein the hexose oxidase is obtained by cloning and expression in recombinant host organisms of a gene encoding the protein.35. A method according to claim 33 , wherein the hexose oxidase enzyme comprises the amino acid ...

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Номер записи: 18
17-10-2013 дата публикации

Hydrogenase Fusion Protein for Improved Hydrogen Production

Номер: US20130273628A1
Автор: Smith Phillip Richard, Swartz James R.
Принадлежит:

Compositions of a fusion protein comprising a spatially tethered ferredoxin-NADP-reductase (FNR) and an active [FeFe] hydrogenase, genetic sequences encoding such fusion proteins, and methods of use thereof are provided. The fusion proteins of the invention link an FNR polypeptide to an active [FeFe] hydrogenase through a polypeptide linker. The fusion protein facilitates improved electron transfer through a ferredoxin, and allows direct electron transfer from NADPH to the hydrogenase. 1. A fusion protein comprising an active FeFe hydrogenase joined through a polypeptide linker to an active ferredoxin-NADP-reductase (FNR).2. The fusion protein of claim 1 , in which the fusion protein claim 1 , when provided in a cell lysate or a product of cell-free protein synthesis catalyzes a volume production of Hof at least about 5 mmol HLhrin a reaction mix comprising a sugar and a ferredoxin.3Chlamydomonas reinhardtiiClostridium pasteurianumMegasphaera elsdeniiDesulfovibrio vulgaris. The fusion protein of claim 2 , wherein the active hydrogenase has at least about 40% sequence identity to one of the following hydrogenases: iron-iron-hydrogenase (Genbank accession AY055756); hydrogenase (Genbank accession AAA23248.1); hydrogenase (Genbank accession AF120457); hydrogenase (Genbank accession CAA26266.1).4. The fusion protein of claim 2 , wherein the active FeFe hydrogenase has at least about 20% of the activity of the native protein from which it is obtained when measured under standard conditions.5Clostridium pasteurianum. The fusion protein of claim 2 , wherein the FeFe hydrogenase is hydrogenase (Genbank accession AAA23248.1).6. The fusion protein of claim 2 , wherein the linker is a flexible linker joined to the carboxy terminus of the FeFe hydrogenase and the amino terminus of the FNR.7. The fusion protein of claim 6 , wherein the linker is from 4 to 40 amino acids in length.8. The fusion protein of claim 7 , wherein the linker is comprised of glycine claim 7 , alanine ...

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Номер записи: 19
21-11-2013 дата публикации

Method and apparatus for producing cells and fat soluble materials by cell culture

Номер: US20130309757A1
Автор: Sung-Chun Kim
Принадлежит: Individual

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing cells without injury and fat-soluble materials by from cell culturing in an inexpensive and highly efficient manner. The apparatus according to the present invention comprises a culturing device 10 , a solvent device 20 , a mixing device 30 , a separation device 40 , a fractionation device 50 , a cell accommodation device 60 , and a fat-soluble material solvent accommodation device 70.

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Номер записи: 20
28-11-2013 дата публикации

Carbon capture in fermentation

Номер: US20130316424A1
Автор: Christophe Collet, Michael Cockrem, Michael Koepke, Sean Dennis Simpson, Simon David Oakley
Принадлежит: Lanzatech New Zealand Ltd

The invention relates to methods of capturing carbon by microbial fermentation of a gaseous substrate comprising CO. The methods of the invention include converting CO to one or more products including alcohols and/or acids and optionally capturing CO2 to improve overall carbon capture. In certain aspects, the invention relates to processes for producing alcohols, particularly ethanol, from industrial waste streams, particularly steel mill off-gas.

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Номер записи: 21
05-12-2013 дата публикации

BIOLOGICAL METHOD FOR LIQUID FERRIC SULFATE MANUFACTURING

Номер: US20130323810A1
Автор: GUO Junxiang, MILLER Paul Charles, NAGY Lou, ORR Murray Ross
Принадлежит: BACTECH ENVIRONMENTAL CORPORATION

The present document describes a process for manufacturing liquid ferric sulfate from an iron sulfide material provided from ore tailings or mine tailings, the process comprising the step of contacting an aqueous solution containing the iron sulfide material with a thermotolerant bacteria culture capable of promoting oxidation of the iron sulfide material for producing liquid ferric sulfate effected without a sulfuric acid addition. 1. A process for manufacturing liquid ferric sulfate from an iron sulfide material provided from ore tailings or mine tailings , the process comprising the step of:contacting an aqueous solution containing the iron sulfide material with a thermotolerant bacteria culture capable of promoting oxidation of the iron sulfide material for producing liquid ferric sulfate effected without a sulfuric acid addition.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the iron sulfide material comprises one of: pyrite claim 1 , pyrrhotite claim 1 , troilite claim 1 , greigite claim 1 , magnetite claim 1 , mackinawite claim 1 , marcasite and any combination thereof.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein contacting the aqueous solution containing the iron sulfide material with the thermotolerant bacteria culture occurs in one of: an agitated tank claim 1 , an agitated reactor claim 1 , a non-mechanically agitated column claim 1 , a non-mechanically agitated tank claim 1 , a non-mechanically agitated reactor claim 1 , a pipe reactor claim 1 , a reactor claim 1 , a batch reactor claim 1 , a continue reactor claim 1 , a stacked heap claim 1 , a dump leaching claim 1 , a heap leaching claim 1 , non-stacked piles claim 1 , stacked piles claim 1 , an aerated reactor claim 1 , a non-aerated reactor and any combination thereof.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the thermotolerant bacteria culture includes an optimum growth temperature of 40 to 45° C.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein contacting the aqueous solution containing the iron sulfide material with the thermotolerant ...

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Номер записи: 22
12-12-2013 дата публикации

METHOD FOR FACILITATING GENERATION OF HYDROGEN BY PHOTOSYNTHETIC BACTERIA WITH ORGANIC WASTEWATER

Номер: US20130330798A1
Автор: Chen Yinguang, Zhao Yuxiao
Принадлежит:

Provided is a method for facilitating generation of hydrogen by photosynthetic bacteria with organic wastewater by nano titania, comprising the following specific step: (1) adding organic wastewater to a photosynthetic reactor; (2) adding hydrogen generating photosynthetic bacteria to the photosynthetic reactor; (3) adding nano titania to the photosynthetic reactor; and (4) adjusting the pH value and temperature in the reactor, and collecting gas. 1. A method for facilitating generation of hydrogen by photosynthetic bacteria with organic wastewater , characterized in that: the hydrogen generating amount by photosynthetic bacteria with organic wastewater is increased by means of photocatalysis features of nano titania.2. The method for facilitating generation of hydrogen by photosynthetic bacteria with organic wastewater according to claim 1 , characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:(1) adding organic wastewater to a photosynthetic reactor;(2) inoculating hydrogen generating photosynthetic bacteria to the photosynthetic reactor;(3) adding nano titania to the photosynthetic reactor; and(4) adjusting the pH value and temperature in the reactor, and collecting gas.3. The method for facilitating generation of hydrogen by photosynthetic bacteria with organic wastewater according to claim 2 , characterized in that: the concentration after inoculation of the photosynthetic bacteria in the step (2) is 400-1000 mg/L.4. The method for facilitating generation of hydrogen by photosynthetic bacteria with organic wastewater according to claim 2 , characterized in that: the concentration after addition of the nano titania in the step (3) is 50-150 mg/L.5. The method for facilitating generation of hydrogen by photosynthetic bacteria with organic wastewater according to claim 2 , characterized in that: in the step (4) claim 2 , the pH value is adjusted to be within a range from 6 to 8 claim 2 , and the temperature is adjusted to be within a range from ...

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Номер записи: 23
26-12-2013 дата публикации

Processing biomass

Номер: US20130344586A1
Автор: Harrison Medoff, Marshall Medoff, Thomas Craig Masterman
Принадлежит: Xyleco Inc

Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed for use in the production of useful products, such as fuels. For example, systems can use biomass materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials, to enhance the production of a product, e.g., the production of ethanol and/or butanol by fermentation.

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Номер записи: 24
02-01-2014 дата публикации

Methods And Systems For Producing Products Using Engineered Iron Oxidizing Bacteria

Номер: US20140004584A1
Автор: Alan West, Scott Banta
Принадлежит: Alan West, Scott Banta

Methods and systems for producing a biofuel using genetically modified iron-oxidizing bacteria (IOB) are disclosed. In some embodiments, the methods include the following: providing an IOB that have been genetically modified to include a particular metabolic pathway to enable them to generate a particular biofuel or chemical; feeding a first source of ferrous iron to the IOB; feeding water, carbon dioxide, and oxygen to the IOB; and producing at least the biofuel or chemical, ferric iron, and an IOB biomass. In some embodiments, the methods and systems include the following: a bioreactor including IOB that have been genetically modified to include a particular metabolic pathway to enable them to generate a particular biofuel; a first source of ferrous iron; sources of water, carbon dioxide, and oxygen; and a electrochemical reactor that is configured to electrochemically reduce ferric iron produced in the bioreactor to a second source of ferrous iron.

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Номер записи: 25
09-01-2014 дата публикации

AMMONIA PRODUCTION USING BIOELECTROCATALYTICAL DEVICES

Номер: US20140011252A1
Автор: LEDDY Johna, Paschkewitz Timothy Michael
Принадлежит:

A device comprising at least one electrode and at least one cell such as cyanobacteria disposed on said electrode for producing ammonia. A layer of polymer, such as ion exchange polymer, can be used to help immobilize the cells. Whole cells or partially disrupted cells can be used. Further disclosed in a method and a system for producing ammonia, comprising contacting at least one cyanobacteria such as cyanobacteria with a media with an electrochemical perturbation. The potential enhances ammonia production. 1. A device comprising at least one electrode and ammonia-producing cells disposed on the electrode.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the ammonia-producing cells are a cyanobacteria.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the ammonia-producing cells are a filamentous heterocystic cyanobacteria.4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the ammonia-producing cells are genetically mutated.5Anabaena variabilis.. The device of claim 1 , wherein the ammonia-producing cells are6Anabaena variabilis. The device of claim 1 , wherein the ammonia-producing cells are which have a depressed nitrogenase level.7Anabaena variabilis. The device of claim 1 , wherein the ammonia-producing cells are strain SA-1.8. The device of claim 1 , wherein the ammonia-producing cells are at least partially disrupted.9. The device of claim 1 , wherein the ammonia-producing cells comprise at least nitrogenase enzyme and/or nitrate/nitrite reductase enzyme.10. The device of claim 1 , wherein the electrode is a carbon electrode claim 1 , a metal electrode claim 1 , or a semiconductor electrode.11. The device of claim 1 , wherein the electrode is coated at least in part with a polymer.12. The device of claim 1 , wherein the electrode is a carbon electrode.13. The device of claim 1 , wherein the electrode is a glassy carbon electrode.14. The device of claim 1 , wherein the device further comprises at least one layer disposed on the electrode adapted to immobilize the cell on the electrode.15. The device of ...

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Номер записи: 26
13-02-2014 дата публикации

Applications of the rotating photobioreactor

Номер: US20140045234A1
Автор: Burke Dennis A.
Принадлежит:

A method to recover and harvest nutrients from a liquid stream by incorporating them into microorganisms grown in a rotating photobioreactor. The method further includes optionally integrating the rotating photobioreactor with a composting or biogenic drying process. 1. A process for recovering volatile and non-volatile products from a substrate-laden influent stream using microorganisms growing in a rotating bioreactor contactor , said bioreactor including a vessel , a shaft mounted for rotation within said vessel about a shaft axis , a plurality of axially spaced-apart , growth plates attached to the shaft , each of the plates having surfaces to which a fixed film of the microorganisms are attached , means for rotating the shaft and plates about the axis , comprising the simultaneous steps of:(a) operating the rotating bioreactor as an aerobic, facultative or anaerobic reactor;(b) feeding the influent stream past the growth plates such that the growth plates are partially submerged within the stream, whereby, as they grow, the microorganisms convert the substrate to volatile products and accumulate biomass; and(c) passing a stripping gas past the growth plates to harvest the volatile products as stripped gas.2. A process for removing and harvesting nutrients from a nutrient-laden , liquid influent stream using autotrophic or phototrophic microorganisms growing in a rotating photobioreactor , said bioreactor including a vessel , a shaft mounted for rotation within said vessel about a shaft axis , a plurality of axially spaced-apart , growth plates attached to the shaft , each of the plates having surfaces to which a fixed film of the microorganisms is attached , means for rotating the shaft and plates about the axis , illumination means for shining light upon the microorganisms , and means for harvesting the microorganisms from the growth plates , comprising the simultaneous steps of:(a) shining light upon the microorganisms with the illumination means;(b) feeding ...

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Номер записи: 27
13-03-2014 дата публикации

Generation of hydrogen from hydrocarbon bearing materials

Номер: US20140073023A1
Автор: Eric L. Szaloczi, Glenn A. Ulrich, James B. Dodson, Jeffrey L. Weber, Robert S. Pfeiffer, Roland P. DeBruyn
Принадлежит: TRANSWORLD TECHNOLOGIES Inc

Disclosed are strategies for the economical microbial generation of hydrogen, useful as an alternative energy source, from hydrocarbon-rich deposits such as coal, oil and/or gas formations, oil shale, bitumen, tar sands, carbonaceous shale, peat deposits and sediments rich in organic matter through the management of the metabolism of microbial consortia.

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Номер записи: 28
27-03-2014 дата публикации

ORGANIC-INORGANIC NANOFLOWERS, THEIR SYNTHESIS AND USE

Номер: US20140087418A1
Автор: Gutierrez Heldder, Pershin Valerian, Ringuette Maurice
Принадлежит:

Organic-inorganic nanoflowers, methods of synthesis, and uses of the nanoflowers are described. It has been found that organic-inorganic nanoflowers can be grown in the presence of a solid substrate containing copper without the requirement for added copper ion. The method includes exposing bacteria to a solid substrate containing copper in the presence of an aqueous solution that contains phosphate ions. The aqueous solution can additionally contain chloride ions, similar to that of a phosphate-buffered saline composition. The solid substrate can be an alloy of copper and tin, and the substrate can have phosphorus incorporated into it. 1. A method for the production of nanoflowers , comprising:exposing bacteria to a solid substrate comprising copper in the presence of aqueous solution comprising phosphate ions.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous solution further comprises chloride ions.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the solid substrate comprises an alloy of copper and tin.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the alloy comprises between about 5% and 40% tin by weight.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the solid substrate further comprises phosphorus.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the phosphorus content of the solid substrate is between 0.5% and 2% by weight of the substrate.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the copper content of the solid substrate is between 60% and 95% by weight of the solid substrate.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein a surface of the substrate to which the bacteria is exposed has a surface roughness claim 7 , R claim 7 , of in a range of from about 1 μm to about 10 μm.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein said surface has a Rof no greater than about 30 μm.10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the bacteria comprises a gram negative bacterium.11E. coli.. The method of claim 10 , wherein the bacteria is12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the solution has a pH of between 7.0 and 7.4 claim 11 , the solution comprises chloride ion in a ...

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Номер записи: 29
04-01-2018 дата публикации

BIOMINERALOGICAL METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REMOVING CESIUM IONS

Номер: US20180002210A1
Автор: BAIK Min-Hoon, HWANG Jin Ha, LEE Minhee, LEE Seung Yeop, SEO Bum Kyoung
Принадлежит:

Provided are a biomineralogical method for removing cesium ions. The method for removing cesium ions, the method comprising: adding metal-reducing bacteria, an iron source, and a sulfur source into a solution containing the cesium ions to convert the cesium ions into a solid mineral incorporating cesium. The method for removing cesium ions according to the present invention has advantages in that the cesium ions may be removed with high efficiency and small volume even in the case in which competing ions are present at a high concentration like sea water. 1. A method for removing cesium ions , the method comprising: adding metal-reducing bacteria , an iron source , and a sulfur source into a solution containing the cesium ions to convert the cesium ions into a solid mineral incorporating cesium.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mineral incorporating cesium is Pautovite (CeFeS).3. The method of claim 1 , wherein in the converting of the cesium ions into the mineral incorporating cesium claim 1 , a pH of the solution is 7 to 8.5.4Pseudomonas, Shewanella, Clostridium, Desulfovibrio, Desulfosporosinus, Desulfotomaculum, AnaeromyxobacterGeobacter.. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal-reducing bacteria are one or two or more selected from the group consisting of claim 1 , and5. The method of claim 1 , wherein a concentration of the metal-reducing bacteria (based on a protein concentration) is 0.3 to 5 mg/L.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the iron source is one or two or more selected from iron (II) chloride claim 1 , iron (II) sulfate claim 1 , iron (II) acetate claim 1 , iron (II) bromide claim 1 , and iron (II) nitride.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein a concentration of the iron source is 0.5 to 5 mM.8. The method of claim 6 , wherein the sulfur source is a compound forming anions represented by SO claim 6 , SO claim 6 , SO claim 6 , SO claim 6 , SO claim 6 , SO claim 6 , SO claim 6 , SO claim 6 , SO claim 6 , SO claim 6 , or SO.9. The method of claim 1 ...

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Номер записи: 30
03-01-2019 дата публикации

Organic Liquid Having High Nitrate Content for Use in the Organic Cultivation of Plants on a Substrate

Номер: US20190002360A1
Автор: Bartholomeus Cornelis 't Hoen, Carolus Wilhelmus Maria DE BRUIJN
Принадлежит: Ven Der Knaap Diensten BV

The present invention relates to a method for producing an organic liquid having a high nitrate content suitable for organically cultivating plants on a substrate, the organic liquid or plant nutrition thus produced, and use of the organic liquid or plant nutrition in a method for organically producing plants on a substrate. The method comprises a) contacting a solution comprising proteins and/or amino acids as a source of organic nitrogen and a liquid with ammonification bacteria to convert organic nitrogen into ammonium (NH4+) and b) contacting the solution with nitrifying bacteria to convert ammonium (NH4+) to nitrate (NO3−).

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Номер записи: 31
07-01-2016 дата публикации

ACIDOPHILIC FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM STRAINS, METHODS OF THEIR PRODUCTION AND METHODS OF THEIR USE

Номер: US20160002680A1
Автор: INSKEEP William P., KOZUBAL Mark K., MACUR Richard E.
Принадлежит:

The present invention provides isolated acidophilic strains, such as MK7, and their progeny, compositions comprising such strains and their progeny, methods of producing such strains and their progeny, and methods of using such strains and their progeny. 1Fusarium oxysporum. A method of producing an energy-rich substrate , said method comprising contacting a carbon source with an isolated strain to form a mixture , incubating said mixture for a period of time , and obtaining the energy-rich substrate following such contact.2Fusarium oxysporum. The method of claim 1 , wherein the strain is an MK7 strain claim 1 , for which a representative sample has been deposited as ATCC Accession Deposit No. PTA-10698.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the carbon source is a biomass product.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the carbon source is a cellulosic biomass product.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the carbon source is a ligno-cellulosic feedstock or lingo-cellulosic waste.6. The method of claim 2 , wherein the carbon source is a carbohydrate.7Fusarium oxysporum. The method of claim 2 , wherein the strain and the carbon source are incubated in anaerobic or microaerobic conditions.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the resulting energy-rich substrate is selected from the group consisting of ethanol and hydrogen gas.9Fusarium oxysporumFusarium oxysporumFusarium oxysporum. The method of claim 2 , comprising a pretreatment step claim 2 , wherein said pretreatment step is selected from the group consisting of: reducing the pH of the carbon source and mixture claim 2 , adding manganese to the carbon source and mixture claim 2 , and adding a nutrient to the carbon source and mixture before the incubation step.10. The method of claim 2 , wherein the energy-rich substrate is a lipid claim 2 , ethanol and/or hydrogen.11. The method of claim 2 , wherein the energy-rich substrate is a lipid.13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the feedstock material is wheat straw.14. The method of ...

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Номер записи: 32
04-01-2018 дата публикации

HETEROTROPHIC PRODUCTION METHODS FOR MICROBIAL BIOMASS AND BIOPRODUCTS

Номер: US20180002711A1
Автор: KUEHNLE ADELHEID R., SCHURR ROBERT J.
Принадлежит:

The invention pertains to a method for synthesizing a product of interest by culturing a microalgal cell producing the product of interest in the dark in a culture medium comprising an organic acid as a fixed carbon source, wherein the microalgal cell is a facultative heterotroph. The product of interest can be a microalgal biomass, a pigment, terpene, recombinant molecule, biogas, or a precursor thereof. In an embodiment, the culture medium comprises urea as a primary source of nitrogen. In one embodiment, the microalgal cell belongs to the order Chlamydomonadales. A method of identifying and isolating a microalgal cell having a preferred characteristic that is suitable for synthesis of a product of interest is also provided, the method comprising identifying and isolating a non-mutagenized or recombinant microalgal cell from a microalgal culture using a fluorescence activated cell sorting technique and/or a phototaxic response. 1. A method for synthesizing a product of interest , the method comprising:providing a culture medium comprising an organic acid as a fixed carbon source;providing a microalgal cell that produces the product of interest, wherein the microalgal cell is a facultative heterotroph;culturing the microalgal cell in the culture medium in the dark to produce a microalgal culture from the microalgal cell;isolating the microalgal cells from the microalgal culture before the cells in the microalgal culture undergo cell differentiation; andpurifying the product of interest from the microalgal cells.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the microalgal cell is a facultative heterotroph that is rendered an obligate heterotroph.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the product of interest is a microalgal biomass comprising the microalgal cells.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the product of interest is a pigment claim 1 , terpene claim 1 , recombinant molecule claim 1 , biogas claim 1 , or a precursor thereof.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the pigment is a ...

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Номер записи: 33
02-01-2020 дата публикации

Carbon capture in fermentation

Номер: US20200002734A1
Автор: Christophe Collet, Michael Cockrem, Michael Koepke, Sean Dennis Simpson, Simon David Oakley
Принадлежит: Lanzatech New Zealand Ltd

The invention relates to a steel mill adapted to provide gas stream(s) comprising CO to a microbial fermentation, the steel mill comprising a steel mill structure containing apparatus for a steel manufacturing process wherein said apparatus produces waste gases during various stages of the steel making process, said waste gases being directed into the atmosphere by a waste stack, wherein the waste stack is connected to a fermentation system by a transfer means connected to the waste stack to divert at least a portion of the waste gases to the microbial fermentation system.

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Номер записи: 34
03-01-2019 дата публикации

System for hydrogen production under limited aerobic conditions

Номер: US20190002924A1
Автор: Li Wei, Li Zhen, Xing Defeng, Yang Yang, Yu Najiaowa
Принадлежит: Harbin Institute of Technology

The present invention provides a method for fermentative hydrogen production under limited aerobic conditions by utilizing the respiratory interaction between a strictly anaerobic hydrogen producing bacterium, YUAN-3, and a facultative anaerobic bacterium, PAO1. The two bacteria are co-cultured to produce hydrogen gas in a culture medium without any anaerobic treatment. Sucrose, lactose or glucose are used as the carbon source for the co-culture which can promote the growth of YUAN-3 and reduce substrate competition between two bacteria. L-cysteine is added to increase the hydrogen yield and the production rate. Using 15 g/L glucose and 5 mmol/L L-cysteine, the invented method achieved the hydrogen production yield of 1.11 mol-hydrogen/mol-glucose. 1. A method for hydrogen production under limited aerobic conditions , comprising:{'i': E. harbinense', 'P. aeruginosa, 'a, co-culturing YUAN-3 and PAO1 in a liquid medium containing 10 to 20 g/L sucrose or lactose in a sealed container at 35° C.; and'}b, collecting hydrogen gas at 1 to 50 hours after the start of the co-culture.2. (canceled)3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid medium contains 15 g/L sucrose or lactose.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid medium further comprises 0 to 15 mmol/L of L-cysteine.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid medium further comprises 5 to 10 mmol/L of L-cysteine.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid medium comprises 5 mmol/L of L-cysteine.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid medium comprises 4 g peptone claim 1 , 1 g yeast extract claim 1 , 2 g beef extract claim 1 , 4 g NaCl claim 1 , 1.0 g KHPOand 0.2 g MgCl.6HO per liter.8E. harbinenseP. aeruginosa. The method of claim 1 , wherein 0.1-0.2 g of YUAN-3 and 0.08-0.12 g of PAO1 are inoculated into the liquid medium.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein during the sealed culture claim 1 , a shaker or a magnetic stirrer is used for agitation and culture; wherein conditions for culturing using the ...

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Номер записи: 35
12-01-2017 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR THE BIOLOGICAL CONVERSION OF BISULPHIDE INTO ELEMENTAL SULPHUR

Номер: US20170009258A1
Автор: JANSSEN Albert Joseph Hendrik, KLOK Jan, VAN DIJK Jan Henk, VAN HEERINGEN Gijs
Принадлежит: PAQELL B.V.

The invention is directed to a process for the biological conversion of bisulphide into elemental sulphur, comprising the following steps: a) converting bisulphide as dissolved in an aqueous solution to elemental sulphur in the presence of sulphide-oxidising bacteria and under anaerobic conditions to obtain a first liquid effluent comprising elemental sulphur and used sulphide-oxidising bacteria; b) regenerating the used sulphide-oxidising bacteria as obtained in step (a) and as comprised in an aqueous solution in the presence of an oxidant to obtain a second liquid effluent comprising regenerated sulphide-oxidising bacteria; c) separating elemental sulphur from either the first and/or the second liquid effluent; d) using the regenerated sulphide-oxidising bacteria in step (a) as the sulphide-oxidising bacteria. 1. A process for the biological conversion of bisulphide into elemental sulphur , comprising the following steps:a) converting bisulphide as dissolved in an aqueous solution to elemental sulphur in the presence of sulphide-oxidising bacteria and under anaerobic conditions wherein the concentration of molecular oxygen in the aqueous solution is at most 1 μM to obtain a first liquid effluent comprising elemental sulphur and used sulphide-oxidising bacteria;b) regenerating the used sulphide-oxidising bacteria as obtained in step (a) and as comprised in an aqueous solution in the presence of an oxidant to obtain a second liquid effluent comprising regenerated sulphide-oxidising bacteria;c) separating elemental sulphur from either the first and/or the second liquid effluent;d) using the regenerated sulphide-oxidising bacteria in step (a) as the sulphide-oxidising bacteria.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the concentration of molecular oxygen in the aqueous solution is at most 0.1 μM in step (a).3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein more than 80 mol % of the dissolved bisulphide is removed from the aqueous solution by biological remediation by ...

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Номер записи: 36
11-01-2018 дата публикации

MICROBIALLY-MEDIATED METHOD FOR SYNTHESIS OF METAL CHALCOGENIDE NANOPARTICLES

Номер: US20180010153A1
Автор: Armstrong Beth L., GRAHAM David E., Ivanov Ilia N., JACOBS Christopher B., Jang Gyoung Gug, JOSHI Pooran C., KIDDER Michelle K., Moon Ji Won, OREMLAND Ronald, PHELPS Tommy Joe
Принадлежит:

A method for producing metal chalcogenide nanoparticles, the method comprising: (i) producing hydrogen chalcogenide-containing vapor from a microbial source, wherein said microbial source comprises: (a) chalcogen-reducing microbes capable of producing hydrogen chalcogenide vapor from a chalcogen-containing source; (b) a culture medium suitable for sustaining said chalcogen-reducing microbes; (c) at least one chalcogen-containing compound that can be converted to hydrogen chalcogenide vapor by said chalcogen-reducing microbes; and (d) at least one nutritive compound that provides donatable electrons to said chalcogen-reducing microbes during consumption of the nutritive compound by said chalcogen-reducing microbes; and (ii) directing said hydrogen chalcogenide-containing vapor into a metal-containing solution comprising a metal salt dissolved in a solvent to produce metal chalcogenide nanoparticles in said solution, wherein said chalcogen is sulfur or selenium, and said chalcogenide is sulfide or selenide, respectively. The invention is also directed to metal chalcogenide nanoparticle compositions produced as above and having distinctive properties. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said metal chalcogenide nanoparticles have a secondary particle size of up to or less than 100 nm.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal in said metal salt is one or more metals selected from the group consisting of transition metals and main group metals.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal in said metal salt is one or more metals selected from the group consisting of Zn claim 1 , Cu claim 1 , Sn claim 1 , Cd claim 1 , Fe claim 1 , Ga claim 1 , In claim 1 , Pb claim 1 , and Hg.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said reducible chalcogen-containing compound is a reducible sulfur-containing or selenium-containing compound and said chalcogen-reducing microbes are sulfur-reducing or selenium-reducing microbes claim 1 , respectively.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein said ...

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Номер записи: 37
09-01-2020 дата публикации

RHODOCOCCUS AETHERIVORANS BCP1 AS CELL FACTORY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF INTRACELLULAR TELLURIUM AND/OR SELENIUM NANOSTRUCTURES (NANOPARTICLES OR NANORODS) UNDER AEROBIC CONDITIONS

Номер: US20200010857A1
Автор: ANIKOVSKIY Max, CAPPELLETTI Martina, PIACENZA Elena, PRESENTATO Alessandro, Turner Raymond, ZANNONI Davide
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure relates generally to the production of tellurium and selenium nanostructures in bacteria. The nanostructures are unique in size, shape, length and stability. 1Rhodococcus aetherivorans. A method of producing tellurium nanostructures , comprising: culturing (BCP1) bacteria in a medium comprising tellurite.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said culturing comprises pre-culturing said bacteria in said medium to generate a pre-culture claim 1 , followed by culturing a portion of said pre-culture in said medium comprising tellurite to form a first culture.3. The method of or further comprising a culturing a portion of said first culture in said medium comprising tellurite to form a second culture.4. The method of one of to claim 1 , wherein said culturing is performed under aerobic conditions.5. The method of any one of to claim 1 , wherein said culturing is performed under aerobic conditions at temperatures 20-40° C..6. The method of any one of to claim 1 , wherein said tellurite comprises TeO claim 1 , HTeO claim 1 , HTeO claim 1 , KTeO claim 1 , or NaTeO.7. The method of any one of to claim 1 , wherein the concentration of said tellurite is between about 0.4 mM (100 μg/ml) to about 2 mM (500 μg/ml).8. The method of one of to claim 1 , wherein said tellurium nanostructures are formed in the shape of uniform nanorods or and not crystals.9. The method of any one of to claim 1 , wherein said tellurium nanostructures are formed in the shape of uniform spherical nanoparticles.10. The method of any one of to claim 1 , wherein said tellurium nanostructures that are formed are stable claim 1 , dispersed and non-aggregated.11. The method of any one of to claim 1 , wherein said tellurium nanorods have a length of about 100 nm to about 1000 nm.12. The method of any one of to claim 1 , further comprising isolating said produced tellurium nanostructures.13. The method of claim 12 , wherein said isolating comprises collecting said BCP1 cells claim 12 , washing ...

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Номер записи: 38
03-02-2022 дата публикации

HIGH RATE ACIDIFICATION AND ORGANIC SOLIDS SOLUBILIZATION PROCESS

Номер: US20220033291A1
Автор: Bradt Christopher Bruce, HAFEZ Hisham Mohamed, SALT David Alan, SAYEED Ashar
Принадлежит:

A method and system for high rate acidification and organic solids solubilization of feedstocks such as municipal source separated organics, municipal sewage sludge, and various industrial organic wastes are disclosed. The method and system feature a completely mixed bioreactor containing hydrogen-producing microorganisms, a crossflow membrane unit or membrane module located downstream of the bioreactor, a storage tank for receiving concentrated microorganisms from the membrane unit or module, and a connection that recirculates desired quantities of biomass from the storage tank to the bioreactor. This configuration decouples the solids residence time (SRT) from the hydraulic retention time (HRT) and results in a high solubilization rate. 1. A system for high rate acidification , organic solids solubilization , and biohydrogen production , comprising:a) a high rate acidifier including a completely mixed bioreactor comprising an input for receiving organic stream into said completely mixed bioreactor and an output for discharging an output stream,wherein the organic stream entering the completely mixed bioreactor is broken down microbiologically by hydrolyzing, acidifying, and hydrogen producing microorganisms to predominantly produce hydrogen gas and carbon dioxide, and a mixture of VFAs and primary alcohols, and wherein hydrogen gas and carbon dioxide are emitted from the completely mixed bioreactor, and wherein the output stream containing the VFAs, primary alcohols and hydrolyzing, acidifying, and hydrogen producing microorganisms is discharged from the completely mixed bioreactor,b) a membrane unit located downstream of said completely mixed bioreactor comprising one or more microfiltration membranes, and comprising a first side and a second side, the first side comprising a membrane input, a recirculation input, and a membrane concentrate output, the second side comprising a permeate output,the membrane input on the membrane unit is hydraulically connected with ...

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Номер записи: 39
15-01-2015 дата публикации

Stacked Membrane Bioreactor

Номер: US20150017683A1
Автор: Abdullah Zia, Beach, Dickens Michael L., George, II Paul E., III Elvin Ray, Jones Randy L., McCreery Micah Paul, Schultz Erin Suzanne, Sears Jon-David S., Smith Stephanie Ann
Принадлежит:

Scalable biomaterial-based bioreactors are described. In one embodiment, the bioreactor may comprise perforated plates stacked such that the assembled bioreactor has the necessary manifolds and chambers to transport gas and liquids to a biomaterial contained within the bioreactor, and to remove the reaction products. In another embodiment, single use bioreactors are described. Methods of operating the bioreactors are also described. 1. A bioreactor , comprising:a biomaterial reactor chamber;a gas reactor chamber in fluid communication with a first side of the biomaterial reactor chamber;a medium reactor chamber in fluid communication with a second side of the biomaterial reactor chamber;a gas inlet and a gas outlet in fluid communication with the gas reactor chamber;a medium inlet and a medium outlet in fluid communication with the medium reactor chamber; and a flame arrestor, the flame arrestor being located in one or more of: the gas reactor chamber, the gas inlet, the gas outlet, the medium reactor chamber, the medium inlet, and the medium outlet; and', 'a rigid foam comprised by the gas reactor chamber., 'one or more of23-. (canceled)43. The bioreactor of claim , the biomaterial reactor chamber comprising a living organism capable of using hydrogen gas as a source of energy.5. (canceled)6Ralstonia eutropha.. The bioreactor of claim 1 , the biomaterial reactor chamber comprising7. The bioreactor of claim 1 , wherein the biomaterial reactor chamber includes a membrane assembly claim 1 , the membrane assembly comprising one or more of:a gas permeable membrane comprising one or more of: silicone, polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF), porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), acrylic copolymer, polycarbonate, polypropylene, and modified nylon;a liquid permeable membrane comprising one or more of: woven material, cloth, mesh, glass fibers, nitrocellulose, mixed cellulose ester (MCE), polycarbonate, modified polycarbonate, polyethersulfone (PES), nylon, ceramic, PTFE, ...

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Номер записи: 40
19-01-2017 дата публикации

OPTIMIZED BIOGAS (BIOMETHANE) PRODUCTION FROM ANAEROBIC REACTORS

Номер: US20170016031A1
Автор: Stover Enos Loy, Stover Ted Ross
Принадлежит:

An improved process and apparatus for producing biogas having a high methane content from a feed or substrate. Feed material is injected into a reactor having anaerobic microorganisms to form a bulk liquid in the reactor. The oxidation-reduction potential, pH, and temperature of the bulk liquid and the methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and flow of the biogas is monitored. The amount of the feed material (substrate) fed to the reactor is adjusted in response to the monitoring parameters of the bulk liquid and biogas. A biomass recycle is provided to the reactor, thus increasing the reactor biomass retention time, or solids retention time within the reactor. 1. An anaerobic process for producing biogas , comprising the steps of:injecting feed material into a reactor having anaerobic microorganisms to form a volume of bulk liquid in the reactor;monitoring the oxidation-reduction potential, the pH, and temperature of the reactor bulk liquid to determine whether oxidation-reduction potential, pH, and temperature are each within a predetermined range;adjusting the amount of feed material fed to the reactor in response to a determination that one of the oxidation-reduction potential, pH, and temperature of the reactor bulk liquid are outside the corresponding predetermined ranges to adjust the oxidation-reduction potential, pH, or temperature of the reactor bulk liquid to within the predetermined range; andproducing biogas having methane.2. The anaerobic process of claim 1 , further comprising a step of:maintaining the pH of the reactor bulk liquid within a range of from about 6.5 to about 8.5.3. The anaerobic process of claim 1 , further comprising a step of:maintaining the oxidation-reduction potential of the reactor bulk liquid between about −300 mV and about −400 mV.4. The anaerobic process of claim 1 , wherein the process in the reactor is performed mesophilic at temperatures between about 80° F. and about 100° F.5. The anaerobic process of claim 1 , wherein ...

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Номер записи: 41
17-01-2019 дата публикации

BACTERIA AND ENZYMES PRODUCED THEREFROM AND METHODS OF USING SAME

Номер: US20190016997A1
Автор: Ayangbile Gbenga, Grzemski Mary, JR. James F., Krueger Lucas, Spangler David, Tobey
Принадлежит:

A bacteria referred to here as 6A-1 is provided, compositions thereof and processes for use of the bacteria, spores, cells, extracts and enzymes. The compositions which comprise the bacteria, spores, cells, extracts and/or enzymes are capable of degrading polysaccharides. Such compositions are capable of degrading cellulose, including plant-produced cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose. The bacteria produces at least two cellulose-degrading protein fractions. Cellulose degrading activity continues across pH2 to pH13. 125.-. (canceled)26Bacillus subtilis. A method of degrading a composition comprising at least one polysaccharide , said method comprising combining a composition comprising 6A-1 (6A-1) , reference culture comprising said 6A-1 having been deposited at ATCC under deposit number PTA-125135 , or cells of said 6A-1 , or spores produced by said 6A-1 , or at least one polysaccharide-degrading enzyme extracted from said 6A-1 , or combination thereof , wherein said 6A-1 or cells or spores are filtered , dried , freeze dried or ground , or have added thereto at least one excipient , carrier or diluent to , and contacting said composition comprising said 6A-1 or cells or spores or at least one polysaccharide-degrading enzyme or combination thereof with said composition comprising said at least one polysaccharide and degrading said at least one polysaccharide.27. The method of claim 26 , wherein said composition comprising said 6A-1 or cells or spores or at least one polysaccharide-degrading enzyme or combination thereof comprises at least three cellulose-degrading protein fractions produced by said 6A-1 claim 26 , said protein fractions capable of degrading crystalline cellulose claim 26 , carboxymethyl cellulose and unmodified cellulose.28. The method of claim 26 , wherein composition comprising said 6A-1 or cells or spores or at least one polysaccharide-degrading enzyme or combination thereof is capable of degrading protein at a pH ...

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Номер записи: 42
21-01-2021 дата публикации

NUTRIENT RECOVERY SYSTEMS AND METHODS

Номер: US20210017034A1
Автор: Chen Shulin, Dvorak Stephen W., Frear Craig, VanLoo Bryan J., Zhao Quanbao
Принадлежит:

Methods, systems, and apparatuses for anaerobic digestion of waste fibrous material and the recovery of nutrients are provided. Methods, systems, and apparatuses disclosed herein provide mechanisms to release dissolved gases from anaerobic digester effluent. Methods, systems and apparatuses disclosed herein can recover one or more nutrients from anaerobic digested effluent using a range of temperatures, aeration rates, aeration times, pH ranges, and settling times. 1. A method for recovering a nutrient comprising:(a) heating and aerating anaerobic digester effluent in an aeration reactor to convert soluble ammonium to gaseous ammonia;(b) providing gaseous ammonia from the aeration reactor to a stripping tower, said stripping tower providing controlled amounts of acid that reacts with gaseous ammonia; and(c) recovering an ammonium salt produced from reacting the acid with gaseous ammonia in the stripping tower.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein heating the anaerobic digester effluent comprises using a heat exchanger with the exhaust from a biogas engine gen set as the heated air stream.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein heating the anaerobic digester effluent comprises heating the effluent to a temperature from about 140° F. to about 170° F.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein aerating the anaerobic digester effluent is accomplished using micro-aerators that aerate the effluent at a rate from 5 gallons/cfm to 25 gallons/cfm.5. The method of further comprising pumping the anaerobic digester effluent from the aeration reactor to a solids settling system after providing the gaseous ammonia to the stripping tower.6. The method of further comprising collecting phosphorous-rich solids from the solids settling system.7. The method of claim 5 , further comprising digesting waste fibrous material in an anaerobic digester prior to step (a).8. The method of further comprising pumping the effluent from the solids settling system to a vessel and reacting biogas from the digester ...

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Номер записи: 43
17-04-2014 дата публикации

PHOTOCATALYTIC HYDROGEN PRODUCTION IN CYANOBACTERIA

Номер: US20140106428A1
Автор: Benhar Itai, Gazit Ehud, Nelson Nathan, Yacoby Iftach
Принадлежит: Ramot at Tel-Aviv University Ltd.

A cyanobacterial cell comprising a PSI complex which accepts electrons from at least one respiratory cytochrome is disclosed. Methods of generating same and use of same for the production of hydrogen gas are also disclosed. 1SynechocystisSynechocystis. A method of producing hydrogen gas , the method comprising culturing a cyanobacterial cell under conditions that generate hydrogen gas in the cyanobacterial cell , wherein said cyanobacterial cell comprises a PSI complex which accepts electrons from cytochrome C or cytochrome M , wherein said PS1 Complex comprises a fusion protein which comprises a PsaJ polypeptide fused to a PsaF polypeptide , wherein said PsaF comprises an N terminal truncation , wherein an amino acid sequence of said fusion protein is at least 80% identical to SEQ ID NO: 1 , thereby producing hydrogen gas.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising harvesting the hydrogen gas following said culturing.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said cyanobacterial cell is thermophilic.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said PsaJ is attached to said PsaF by a linker.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein said linker is a peptide bond.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cell further comprises a polypeptide which comprises a hydrogenase enzyme fused to a heterologous ferredoxin.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein said hydrogenase enzyme is an algal Fe-only hydrogenase.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein said heterologous ferredoxin is a plant ferredoxin.9. The method of claim 6 , wherein said hydrogenase enzyme fused to a heterologous ferredoxin has an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 20-25.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cell produces hydrogen at a temperature above about 55° C.11Mastigocladus laminosusSynechococcus elongates. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cell is a cell or a cell. This application is a division of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/322,171 filed on Dec. 20, 2011, which is a National Phase of ...

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Номер записи: 44
22-01-2015 дата публикации

EXHAUST SCRUBBER

Номер: US20150024452A1
Автор: BURNS Seth S., MATELICH Michael C., SCHIFFTNER Ken
Принадлежит:

Provided herein are methods, devices and systems for decreasing emissions in exhaust comprising contacting the exhaust with a liquid waste stream from a biogas production unit, the liquid waste stream being contacted with the exhaust, optionally, in a plurality absorbers operatively connected in-line and/or in parallel. 1131.-. (canceled)132. A system comprising:(a) a reactor comprising: a first absorber comprising a first liquid waste stream inlet, a first exhaust inlet, and a first exhaust outlet; and a second absorber comprising a second liquid waste stream inlet, a second exhaust inlet, and a second exhaust outlet;(b) a biogas production unit constructed so as to convert waste to a biogas stream and a liquid waste stream, the biogas production unit comprising a biogas stream outlet and a liquid waste stream outlet, the liquid waste stream outlet operatively connected to the first liquid waste stream inlet of the first absorber and operatively connected to the second liquid waste stream inlet of the second absorber; and(c) a device constructed to utilize the biogas stream to produce energy and an exhaust comprising a gas, the device comprising: a biogas stream inlet operatively connected to the biogas stream outlet of the biogas production unit; and a device exhaust outlet, provided that the device exhaust outlet is operatively connected to the first exhaust inlet of the first absorber, and the first exhaust outlet of the first absorber is operatively connected to the second exhaust inlet of the second absorber, or provided that the device exhaust outlet is operatively connected to the first exhaust inlet of the first absorber and the second exhaust inlet of the second absorber;provided that the reactor is constructed so as to treat exhaust so as to decrease or reduce emissions or pollutants by contacting the exhaust with the liquid waste stream from the biogas production unit.133. The system of claim 132 , provided that the exhaust comprises a gas comprising one ...

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Номер записи: 45
22-01-2015 дата публикации

INTEGRATED PROCESS FOR DUAL BIOCATALYTIC CONVERSION OF CO2 GAS INTO BIO-PRODUCTS BY ENZYME ENHANCED HYDRATION AND BIOLOGICAL CULTURE

Номер: US20150024453A1
Автор: Carley Jonathan A., Fradette Sylvie, Guimond Chantal, Kelly Glenn R., Madore Eric, Versteeg Geert F.
Принадлежит:

A method, process, apparatus, use and formulation for dual biocatalytic conversion of COcontaining gas into carbon containing bio-products by enzymatic hydration of COinto bicarbonate ions in the presence of carbonic anhydrase and metabolic conversion of the bicarbonate ions into carbon containing bio-products in a biological culture. The dual biocatalytic conversion may be relatively constant with controlling a feeding of the bicarbonate ions to the biological culture in accordance with demands of the biological culture by retaining over-production of bicarbonate ions and feeding part of the over-production to the biological culture in accordance with nutrient demands of the biological culture. Bicarbonate ions may also be reconverted to generate a pure COgas stream. The COcontaining gas may be derived from operations of a power plant which receives a carbon-containing fuel for combustion, and the biological culture may be an algae culture. 174-. (canceled)75. A method for dual biocatalytic conversion of COin a COcontaining gas into carbon containing bio-products by enzymatically catalyzing the hydration reaction of dissolved COinto bicarbonate and hydrogen ions in the presence of carbonic anhydrase and metabolically converting the bicarbonate ions into the carbon containing bio-products in a biological culture.76. The method of claim 75 , comprising maintaining the dual biocatalytic conversion relatively constant and controlling a feeding of the bicarbonate ions to the biological culture in accordance with demands of the biological culture by retaining over-production of bicarbonate ions and feeding part of the over-production to the biological culture in accordance with nutrient demands of the biological culture.77. The method of claim 76 , wherein the over-production of the bicarbonate ions is retained in the form of carbonate precipitates.78. A process for treating a COcontaining gas to produce carbon containing bio-products claim 76 , comprising:{'sub': '2', ' ...

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Номер записи: 46
26-01-2017 дата публикации

Production of biogas from organic materials

Номер: US20170022522A1
Автор: Juan Carlos Josse, Marcelo De Lima Vasconcellos
Принадлежит: Anaergia Inc

Waste or organic material is compressed at a pressure sufficient to burst cells, for example 50 bar or more, and separated into a dry fraction and a wet fraction. The wet fraction is treated in an anaerobic digester to produce biogas after removing grit. The wet fraction is diluted, preferably with sludge, before it is degritted. Optionally, floatables are removed from the fraction before it is added to the digester.

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Номер записи: 47
25-01-2018 дата публикации

DEPOLYMERIZATION PROCESS

Номер: US20180023007A1
Автор: Bartek Robert, Rejal Bahman
Принадлежит: CIRIS ENERGY, INC.

A method for solubilizing a carbonaceous feedstock. The method includes steps of reacting a mixture of the carbonaceous feedstock with a metal oxide including a metal at a first, higher oxidation state to reduce the metal of the metal oxide to a second, lower oxidation state by releasing at least one oxygen atom from the metal oxide. The released oxygen from the metal oxide is used to oxidize the carbonaceous feedstock. At least a portion of the metal or metal oxide containing the metal at the second, lower oxidation state is then oxidized to the metal oxide containing the metal at the first, higher oxidation state for reuse in the reaction step. 1. A method for solubilizing a carbonaceous feedstock , comprising the steps of:a. reacting a mixture of the carbonaceous feedstock with a metal oxide including a metal at a first, higher oxidation state to reduce the metal of the metal oxide to a second, lower oxidation state by releasing at least one oxygen atom to oxidize at least one component of the carbonaceous feedstock; andb. oxidizing at least a portion of the metal or metal oxide containing the metal at the second, lower oxidation state to the first, higher oxidation state, andc. recycling at least a portion of the metal oxide containing the metal at the first, higher oxidation state from step (b) back to step (a).2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal oxide comprises a transition metal selected from the group consisting of lanthanides and actinides.3. The method of claim 1 , where the metal oxide comprises a metal selected from Fe claim 1 , Ti claim 1 , Cu claim 1 , Ni claim 1 , V claim 1 , Cr claim 1 , Mn claim 1 , Co claim 1 , Mo claim 1 , La claim 1 , Ce claim 1 , Zr claim 1 , Sr claim 1 , W claim 1 , Rh claim 1 , Ba claim 1 , Pt claim 1 , Pd claim 1 , and Ag.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein in the reacting step the weight ratio of metal oxide to the carbonaceous feedstock is in a range of from about 0.1:100 to about 10:100 claim 1 , or from about 0.5: ...

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Номер записи: 48
24-01-2019 дата публикации

A METHOD FOR PRODUCING METAL NANOPARTICLES AND METAL SULFIDE NANOPARTICLES USING A RECOMBINANT MICROORGANISM

Номер: US20190024124A1
Автор: Choi Yoojin, LEE Sang Yup
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a method of producing metal nanoparticles and metal sulfide nanoparticles using a recombinant microorganism co-expressing metallothionein and phytochelatin synthase, which are heavy metal-adsorbing proteins, and to the use of metal nanoparticles and metal sulfide nanoparticles synthesized by the method. The present invention provides a method for synthesizing metal nanoparticles which have been difficult to synthesize by conventional biological methods. The present invention makes it possible to synthesize metal nanoparticles in an environmentally friendly and cost-effective manner, and also makes it possible to synthesize metal sulfide nanoparticles. In addition, even metal nanoparticles which could have been produced by conventional chemical or biological methods are produced in a significantly increased yield by use of the method of the present invention. 1. A method for producing a single-element metal nanoparticle , comprising the steps of:(a) culturing a recombinant microorganism into which a metallothionein-encoding gene and a phytochelatin synthase-encoding gene are introduced;(b) adding to a medium of step (a) a metal ion selected from the group consisting of zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), tellurium (Te), cesium (Cs), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), strontium (Sr), iron (Fe), gold (Au), silver (Ag), praseodymium (Pr), gadolinium (Gd), barium (Ba), zirconium (Zr), molybdenum (Mo), indium (In), tin (Sn), lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), neodymium (Nd), samarium (Sm), yttrium (Y), aluminum (Al), and europium (Eu), followed by additional culturing, thereby producing a single-element metal nanoparticle; and(c) recovering the produced single-element metal nanoparticle.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the microorganism is selected from the group consisting of bacteria claim 1 , yeasts claim 1 , algae claim 1 , archaea claim 1 , and fungi.3. The method of claim 1 ...

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Номер записи: 49
17-02-2022 дата публикации

Metallic Nanoparticles and Methods of Making and Using the Same

Номер: US20220049277A1
Автор: Bhaskaran Sinilal, Sahi Shivendra V., Sharma Nilesh
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to metallic nanoparticles made by that have been made in a plant cell suspension, and methods of making the metallic particles. 1. A method of synthesizing metallic nanoparticles comprising the steps of:(i) providing at least a portion of at least one plant,(ii) placing the at least one portion of the plant in a cell suspension medium, to form a plant cell suspension,(iii) adding at least one metal salt solution comprising a metal salt to the plant cell suspension, to form metallic nanoparticles, and(iv) isolating the metallic nanoparticles from the plant cell suspension.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the cell suspension medium comprises or has added to it claim 1 , at least one of claim 1 , a macronutrient claim 1 , micronutrient claim 1 , vitamin claim 1 , amino acid claim 1 , nitrogen supplement claim 1 , carbon source claim 1 , energy source claim 1 , organic supplement claim 1 , growth regulator claim 1 , or solidifying agent.3. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of adding at least one growth regulator to the cell suspension medium.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the growth regulator is selected from the group consisting of an auxin claim 3 , cytokinin claim 3 , gibberellin claim 3 , abscisic acid claim 3 , and a combination thereof.5. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the growth regulator is selected from the group consisting of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) claim 3 , 6-benzyloaminopurine (BAP or BA) claim 3 , and a combination thereof.6. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of adding at least one growth regulator claim 1 , carbohydrate and solidifying agent to the cell suspension medium.7. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of drying the metallic nanoparticles.8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the portion of the plant is selected from the group consisting of at least a portion of a leaf claim 1 , stem claim 1 , root ...

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Номер записи: 50
31-01-2019 дата публикации

Methods of pulp fiber treatment

Номер: US20190031545A1
Автор: Damon C. Waters, Wayne E. Buschmann
Принадлежит: Clean Chemistry Inc

In some embodiments, a method may include treating pulp in pulp and paper mills. The methods may include providing a peracetate oxidant solution and generating a reactive oxygen species. The peracetate solution may include peracetate anions and a peracid. In some embodiments, the peracetate solution may include a pH from about pH 10 to about pH 12. In some embodiments, the peracetate solution has a molar ratio of peracetate anions to peracid ranging from about 60:1 to about 6000:1. In some embodiments, the peracetate solution has a molar ratio of peracetate to hydrogen peroxide of greater than about 16:1. The peracetate oxidant solution may provide enhanced treatment methods of bleaching, brightening, and delignifying pulp fibers involving the use of peracetate oxidant solutions.

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Номер записи: 51
01-05-2014 дата публикации

Recombinant caldicellulosiruptor bescii and methods of use

Номер: US20140120592A1
Автор: DaeHwan Chung, Janet Westpheling, Minseok Cha
Принадлежит: University of Georgia Research Foundation Inc UGARF

This disclosure describes recombinant Caldicellulosiruptor bescii microbes designed to produce greater amounts of acetate, H 2 , and/or ethanol than a comparable wild type control. this disclosure also describes methods that generally include growing such recombinant microbes under conditions effective for the recombinant microbes to produce acetate, H 2 , and/or ethanol.

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Номер записи: 52
08-02-2018 дата публикации

Methods and System for Photo-activated Hydrogen Generation

Номер: US20180037911A1
Автор: Maxwell Deborah M.
Принадлежит:

Systems and methods for providing alternative fuel, in particular hydrogen photocatalytically generated by a system comprising photoactive nanoparticles and a nitrogenase cofactor are provided. In one aspect, the system includes a water soluble cadmium selenide nanoparticle (CdSe) surface capped with mercaptosuccinate (CdSe-MSA); and a NafYFeMo-co complex comprising a NafY protein and an iron-molybdenum cofactor (FeMo-co); wherein the CdSe-MSA and the NafYFeMo-co complex are present in about 1:1 molar ratio in a CdSe-MSANafYFeMo-co system. In various embodiments, when illuminated, the CdSe-MSANafYFeMo-co system is capable of photocatalytically producing hydrogen gas for an extended period of, e.g., at least 5 hours, at least 10 hours, or at least 90 hours. Methods for making and using the same are also provided. 1. A method for preparing a system for photocatalytically producing hydrogen gas , comprising:(a) providing a water soluble cadmium selenide nanoparticle (CdSe) surface capped with mercaptosuccinate (CdSe-MSA);(b) providing a NafYFeMo-co complex comprising a NafY protein and an iron-molybdenum cofactor (FeMo-co); and(c) mixing the CdSe-MSA and the NafYFeMo-co complex under anaerobic conditions to form a CdSe-MSANafYFeMo-co system, wherein when illuminated with a visible light source, the CdSe-MSANafYFeMo-co system is capable of photocatalytically producing hydrogen gas.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein step (a) further comprises exchanging surface capping agent from trioctylphosphine (TOP) in a CdSe-TOP nanoparticle to mercaptosuccinate claim 1 , to form the CdSe-MSA.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the CdSe-TOP nanoparticle has a diameter of about 2.4 nm to about 2.7 nm and the CdSe-MSA has a diameter of about 2.6 nm.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the exchanging step is performed in methanol under reflux in the presence of a base.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the base is tetrabutylammonium hydroxide.6Azotobacter vinelandii.. The ...

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Номер записи: 53
06-02-2020 дата публикации

Heat-Resistant Carbonic Anhydrase Mutants and Composition for Capturing Carbon Dioxide Containing the Same

Номер: US20200040324A1
Автор: Jae Yang Song, Tae Wan Kim, Yeon Hwa La
Принадлежит: SK Innovation Co Ltd

Disclosed are a carbonic anhydrase mutant having heat resistance at a high temperature of 80° C. as well as excellent activity to capture carbon dioxide and a composition for capturing carbon dioxide containing the same. The heat-resistant carbonic anhydrase mutant can be applied to a high-temperature carbon dioxide capture process due to high stability at high temperatures and a high carbon dioxide hydration rate.

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Номер записи: 54
18-02-2016 дата публикации

Methods and Systems for Production of Organically Derived Ammonia/Ammonium

Номер: US20160046964A1
Автор: Ward Brian Keith
Принадлежит:

Disclosed are methods for forming ammonia and ammonium that can be utilized in certifiably organic farming productions according to most if not all known certification standards. Also disclosed are bioreactors that can be utilized in carrying out disclosed methods. Methods and systems utilize obligate anaerobic bacteria to breakdown organic protein substrates, i.e., compounds containing bound nitrogen, to provide nitrogen in an unbound plant available form, and particularly, ammonia and/or ammonium. Obligate anaerobic bacteria include high ammonia producing bacteria such as and 1. A method for forming at least one of ammonia and ammonium comprising:contacting a substrate with a hyper-ammonia producing obligate anaerobic bacteria, the contact taking place in a reduced salt solution and under anaerobic conditions, the substrate comprising bound nitrogen;collecting the off-gases produced by the bacteria as the bacteria metabolizes the substrate; andseparating at least one of ammonia and ammonium from the off-gasses.2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising utilizing the at least one of ammonia and ammonium for agricultural purposes.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the agricultural purposes are organic agricultural purposes.4. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising reducing the salt under anaerobic conditions.5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the salt is reduced by use of an electrochemical cell.6. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the salt is reduced in oxidation/reduction potential.7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the salt is reduced in oxidation/reduction potential to a potential of between about −100 mV and about −200 mV.8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the substrate contacts the hyper-ammonia producing obligate anaerobic bacteria at a pH of between about 6 and about 8.9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the substrate contacts the hyper-ammonia producing obligate anaerobic ...

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Номер записи: 55
18-02-2016 дата публикации

Processing biomass

Номер: US20160046965A1
Автор: Harrison Medoff, Marshall Medoff, Thomas Craig Masterman
Принадлежит: Xyleco Inc

Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed for use in the production of useful products, such as fuels. For example, systems can use biomass materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials, to enhance the production of a product, e.g., the production of ethanol and/or butanol by fermentation.

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Номер записи: 56
25-02-2021 дата публикации

Sulfur Recovery Within A Gas Processing System

Номер: US20210053827A1
Автор: Cullinane John Timothy, Northrop P. Scott
Принадлежит: EXXONMOBIL UPSTREAM RESEARCH COMPANY

A method for recovering sulfur within a gas processing system is described herein. The method includes contacting a natural gas stream including an acid gas with a solvent stream within a co-current contacting system to produce a sweetened natural gas stream and a rich solvent stream including an absorbed acid gas. The method also includes removing the absorbed acid gas from the rich solvent stream within a regenerator to produce a concentrated acid gas stream and a lean solvent stream. The method further includes recovering elemental sulfur from hydrogen sulfide (HS) within the concentrated acid gas stream via a sulfur recovery unit. 1. A gas processing system , comprising: contact a natural gas stream comprising an acid gas with a solvent stream to produce a sweetened natural gas stream and a rich solvent stream comprising an absorbed acid gas; and', 'send the rich solvent stream to a regenerator;, 'a co-current contacting system configured to remove the absorbed acid gas from the rich solvent stream to produce a concentrated acid gas stream and a lean solvent stream; and', 'send the concentrated acid gas stream to a sulfur recovery unit; and, 'the regenerator configured to{'sub': '2', 'the sulfur recovery unit configured to recover elemental sulfur from hydrogen sulfide (HS) within the concentrated acid gas stream.'}2. The gas processing system of claim 1 , wherein the co-current contacting system comprises: an annular support ring configured to maintain the co-current contactor within the pipe;', 'a plurality of radial blades configured to allow the solvent stream to flow into the co-current contactor; and', 'a central gas entry cone configured to allow the natural gas stream to flow through a hollow section within the co-current contactor;', 'wherein the co-current contactor provides for efficient incorporation of liquid droplets formed from the solvent stream into the natural gas stream such that the acid gas from the natural gas stream is absorbed by the ...

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Номер записи: 57
25-02-2016 дата публикации

BACILLUS BASED DELIVERY SYSTEM AND METHODS OF USE

Номер: US20160053222A1
Автор: Lin Chung-Ho, Stewart George C., Thompson Brian Matthew
Принадлежит:

Herein a exosporium molecule delivery (BEMD) system that provides a means to deliver molecules of interest (MOIs) to an environment is disclosed. The system results in the display of MOIs on the exosporium surface of family members such that they can be delivered to an environment in a stable and active form. In addition, methods of making and using the system are described. 120-. (canceled)22. The method of claim 21 , wherein the MOI is an enzyme.23. The method of claim 22 , wherein the enzyme comprises an oxidoreductase claim 22 , a transferase claim 22 , a hydrolase claim 22 , a lyase claim 22 , an isomerase claim 22 , a ligase claim 22 , a monooxygenase claim 22 , a dioxygenase claim 22 , a reductase claim 22 , a dehalogenase claim 22 , a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase claim 22 , a laccase claim 22 , a lignin peroxidase claim 22 , a manganese peroxidase claim 22 , AtzA claim 22 , MerA claim 22 , MerB claim 22 , or ChrR.24Bacillus cereusB. anthracis, B. cereus, B. thuringiensis. The method of claim 21 , wherein the recombinant family member is selected from the group consisting of strains of claim 21 , and combinations thereof.25. The method of claim 21 , wherein the contaminated environment is selected from the group consisting of liquid claim 21 , solid claim 21 , semi-solid claim 21 , and gaseous environments.26. The method of claim 21 , wherein the contaminated environment is contaminated with a contaminant selected from the group consisting of atrazine claim 21 , mercury claim 21 , chromium VI claim 21 , and combinations thereof.27. The method of claim 26 , wherein the contaminant is atrazine.28. The method of claim 21 , wherein the MOI reacts with the contaminant thereby reducing the amount of the contaminant found in the contaminated environment.30. The method of claim 29 , wherein the MOI is an enzyme.31. The method of claim 30 , wherein the enzyme comprises an oxidoreductase claim 30 , a transferase claim 30 , a hydrolase claim 30 , a lyase claim 30 , an ...

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Номер записи: 58
22-02-2018 дата публикации

MICROORGANISMS ENGINEERED TO USE UNCONVENTIONAL SOURCES OF NITROGEN

Номер: US20180051294A1
Автор: IV Arthur J, Shaw, South Colin
Принадлежит:

Disclosed are genetically engineered organisms, such as yeast and bacteria, that have the ability to metabolize atypical nitrogen sources, such as melamine and cyanamide. Fermentation methods using the genetically engineered organisms are also described. The methods of the invention are robust processes for the industrial bioproduction of a variety of compounds, including commodities, fine chemicals, and pharmaceuticals. 127.-. (canceled)29. The method of claim 28 , wherein the nitrogen-containing compound is selected from the group consisting of Hydrazine claim 28 , 5-Aminotetrazole claim 28 , Tetrazole claim 28 , Melamine claim 28 , Cyanamide claim 28 , 2-Cyanoguanidine claim 28 , Sodium azide claim 28 , Carbohydrazide claim 28 , 1 claim 28 ,2 claim 28 ,3-Triazole claim 28 , 1 claim 28 ,2 claim 28 ,4-Triazole claim 28 , 1 claim 28 ,3-Diaminoguanidine HCl claim 28 , Ammeline claim 28 , 1 claim 28 ,3 claim 28 ,5-triazine claim 28 , Aminoacetonitrile claim 28 , Cyanoethylhydrazine claim 28 , Azodicarbonamide claim 28 , Biurea claim 28 , Formamidoxime claim 28 , 1 claim 28 ,2-Dimethylhydrazine claim 28 , 1 claim 28 ,1-Dimethylhydrazine claim 28 , ethylhydrazine claim 28 , Ethylenediamine claim 28 , Sodium dicyanamide claim 28 , Guanidine carbonate claim 28 , Methylamine claim 28 , Ammelide claim 28 , Hydroxylamine claim 28 , Malononitrile claim 28 , Biuret claim 28 , Diethyltriamine claim 28 , Hexamethylenetetramine claim 28 , Triethylenetetramine claim 28 , 1 claim 28 ,3-Diaminopropane claim 28 , Triethylenetetramine claim 28 , 1 claim 28 ,3-Diaminopropane claim 28 , Hydroxyurea claim 28 , Tetraethylenepentamine claim 28 , Thiourea claim 28 , Succinonitrile claim 28 , Calcium cyanamide claim 28 , Cyanuric acid claim 28 , Aminoethylpiperazine claim 28 , Piperazine claim 28 , Dimethylamine claim 28 , Ethylamine claim 28 , dalfampridine claim 28 , Tetranitromethane claim 28 , Imidazolidinyl urea claim 28 , Trinitromethane claim 28 , malonamide claim 28 , Chloramine ...

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Номер записи: 59
23-02-2017 дата публикации

THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN AND OTHER GASEOUS OR LIQUID PRODUCTS IN AN ACCELERATED BIOPROCESS

Номер: US20170051318A1
Автор: Hakalehto Eino Elias
Принадлежит:

Method and apparatus for the production of hydrogen and other gaseous or liquid substances (such as 2,3-butanediol) formed with the help of microbes in conditions where the normal microbial metabolism (catabolism and anabolism) has been restricted by pH or temperature, for example. Then carbon is not liberated into gaseous phase as fast as in more common microbial reactions. Carrier gas directed into organic waste or other biomass is helping in liberating molecular hydrogen into gaseous phase with the aid of microbial enzymes or electric phenomena at the same time when new hydrogen is binding into the biomass from water. Removed gases or combustion gases from the incineration plants can be directed back into bioprocess in some process alternatives, together with lowering total carbon emission by these means. The production plant is planned in such a way that it can be situated in the midst of inhabitation. 120- (canceled)21. 1. A microbiological production method for producing of a metabolic product , said method comprising the steps:a) introducing a carrier gas into a biomass;b) controlling a pH of the biomass for restraining metabolism of carbon in the biomass;c) producing a metabolic product from the biomass in proposition to time and volumetric units without optimizing cell growth metabolism or activating cell growth metabolism on an elevated level;d) releasing the metabolic product into the carrier gas; ande) capturing the metabolic product.22. The method according to further comprising the step of maintaining the step of controlling the pH of the biomass to reduce an amount of the carbon released from the biomass into a carbon gas phase.23. The method according to further comprising the step of combining the carbon gas phase released from the biomass with the carrier gas prior to step a).24. The method according to further comprising the step of activating at least one enzyme in the biomass claim 21 , wherein the enzyme is selected from the group consisting of ...

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Номер записи: 60
26-02-2015 дата публикации

MICROBES AND METHODS FOR REDUCING COMPOUNDS

Номер: US20150056677A1
Автор: ABIN CHRISTOPHER A., HOLLIBAUGH JAMES T.
Принадлежит:

Provided herein are biologically pure cultures of microbes having the characteristic of reducing Sb(V) to Sb(III). In one embodiment, the microbes produce SbOby reduction of Sb(OH). In one embodiment, the microbes also reduce selenite, selenate, tellurate, nitrite, nitrate, and/or arsenate. Also provided are compositions that include the microbes, and methods of using the microbes. Examples of methods include making crystalline SbOand converting soluble contaminants to insoluble contaminants. 1. A biologically pure culture of a microbe that comprises the characteristic of reducing Sb(V) to Sb(III).2. The biologically pure culture of the microbe of wherein the microbe produces SbOby reduction of the Sb(OH).3. The biologically pure culture of the microbe of wherein the SbOis sénarmontite claim 2 , valentinite claim 2 , or a combination thereof.4. The biologically pure culture of the microbe of wherein the microbe further comprises the activity of reducing a compound selected from selenite claim 1 , selenate claim 1 , tellurate claim 1 , nitrite claim 1 , nitrate claim 1 , arsenate claim 1 , DMSO claim 1 , and a combination thereof.5. The biologically pure culture of the microbe of wherein the microbe will not reduce a compound selected from sulfate claim 1 , sulfite claim 1 , thiosulfate claim 1 , tetrathionate claim 1 , elemental sulfur claim 1 , chromate claim 1 , metavanadate claim 1 , iron (III) hydroxide (insoluble) claim 1 , iron (III)-EDTA (soluble) claim 1 , manganese dioxide claim 1 , molybdate claim 1 , chlorate claim 1 , perchlorate claim 1 , and a combination thereof.6. The biologically pure culture of the microbe of wherein the microbe comprises a 16S rRNA coding region having at least 97% identity to SEQ ID NO:1.7. The biologically pure culture of the microbe of wherein the microbe is a member of the order Bacillales.8. The biologically pure culture of the microbe of wherein the microbe has the characteristics of MLFW-2 as deposited with the American ...

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Номер записи: 61
15-05-2014 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PROCESSING MIXED SOLID WASTE

Номер: US20140134694A1
Автор: Buckle Larry T., Gitschel George
Принадлежит: Organic Energy Corporation

Solid waste that includes a mixture of wet organic material and dry organic material can be are separated using mechanical separation to produce a wet organic stream enriched in wet organics and a dry organic stream enriched in dry organics. The separated wet organic stream and dry organic stream are separately converted to renewable or recyclable products using different conversion techniques particularly suited for the separated wet and dry organic streams. 1. A method for processing mixed solid waste , comprising:providing a mixed waste stream comprising at least 10 wt % wet organic waste and at least 10 wt % dry organic waste that is comingled;separating the wet organic waste from the dry organic waste using at least one mechanical separator to produce an intermediate wet organic stream and an intermediate dry organic stream;converting at least a portion of the intermediate wet organic stream to one or more renewable products using at least a first conversion technique; andconverting the intermediate dry organic stream to one or more renewable products using at least a second conversion technique, wherein the second conversion technique is different than the first conversion technique.2. A method as in claim 1 , wherein less than 40 wt % of the mixed waste stream is separated as a recovered product using manual labor.3. A method as in claim 1 , wherein less than 1 wt % of the mixed waste stream is separated as a recovered product using manual labor4. A method as in claim 1 , wherein the mixed waste stream includes at least 15% dry organic waste and at least 30% wet organic waste.5. A method as in claim 1 , wherein at least 10 wt % of the mixed waste stream is dry organic waste selected from the group consisting of 3-D plastic claim 1 , film plastic claim 1 , paper claim 1 , cardboard claim 1 , rubber claim 1 , textiles claim 1 , and wood.6. A method as in wherein at least 10 wt % of the mixed waste stream is a wet organic waste selected from the group consisting ...

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Номер записи: 62
01-03-2018 дата публикации

Novel Radioresistant Alga of the Genus Coccomyxa

Номер: US20180057383A1
Автор: Atteia Ariane, Farhi Emmanuel, Pro Danièle, Rivasseau Corinne
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to novel algae of the genus , in particular the algae of a new species called C-IR3-4C, and their use for capturing metals from aqueous media, and in particular from radioactive media. 116.-. (canceled)17Coccomyxa. A method of capturing at least one element from an aqueous medium containing said element , the method comprising incubating in the aqueous medium a unicellular green alga of the genus comprising , in the 18S ribosomal RNA-ITS1-5.8S , ribosomal RNA-ITS2-28S ribosomal RNA genes of having polynucleotide sequence at least 96% identity to the polynucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 ,{'sup': 14', '3, 'wherein the at least one element is selected from the group consisting of Cs, Ag, Co, Mn, Sr, Cu, Cr, Zn, Ni, Fe, Sb, U, Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, an actinide, a lanthanide, the C radioisotope and the H radioisotope.'}18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the unicellular green alga is the Coccomyxa strain deposited with the Culture Collection of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP) under deposit number CCAP 216/26.19. The method of claim 17 , wherein that element is selected from the group consisting of Sr and Cu.20. The method of claim 17 , wherein said aqueous medium is radioactive medium.21. The method of claim 17 , wherein said aqueous medium is nonradioactive medium.22. The method of claim 20 , wherein the element is a metal selected from the group consisting of Ag claim 20 , Co claim 20 , Cs claim 20 , U claim 20 , Mn claim 20 , Cu and Sr claim 20 , wherein said metal is in the form of a radioactive isotope claim 20 , or in the form of a mixture of isotopes.23. The method of claim 17 , wherein said green algae are combined with at least one other microorganism and/or at least one multicellular plant.24. The method of claim 17 , wherein the growth of the unicellular green alga is controlled by regulating the illumination of said aqueous medium.25. The method of claim 17 , further comprising recovering said ...

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Номер записи: 63
29-05-2014 дата публикации

Indium recovery method

Номер: US20140144292A1
Автор: Arumi Higashi, Norizo Saito, Yasuhiro Konishi
Принадлежит: Osaka Prefecture University

According to the present invention, there is provided an indium recovery method for recovering indium from an indium-containing product, including a leaching step of allowing indium to leach into an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution by hydrothermal leaching using the aqueous hydrochloric acid solution as a leaching agent from the indium-containing product to obtain a leachate composed of an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution containing indium, and a separating step of adding a microbe for adsorbing In ions to the leachate to separate indium from the leachate.

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Номер записи: 64
09-03-2017 дата публикации

OXYGEN TOLERANT HYDROGENASE BY MUTATING ELECTRON SUPPLY PATHWAY

Номер: US20170067034A1
Автор: KOO Jamin, Swartz James Robert
Принадлежит:

Compositions and methods are provided for an Otolerant Fe—Fe hydrogenase. The hydrogenases of the invention comprise specific amino acid substitutions relative to the native, or wild-type enzymes. 1. A modified Fe—Fe hydrogenase comprising at least one amino acid substitution relative to the WT sequence , in which the modified enzyme retains at least about 10% of the initial specific activity following exposure to 0.01 atm. Ofor 5 minutes.2. The modified hydrogenase of claim 1 , wherein the Fe—Fe hydrogenase has at least 70% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:1 at the amino acid level.3Clostridium. The modified hydrogenase of claim 1 , wherein the Fe—Fe hydrogenase is derived from a species.4. The modified hydrogenase of claim 3 , wherein the Fe—Fe hydrogenase corresponds to SEQ ID NO:1 claim 3 , SEQ ID NO:2 claim 3 , SEQ ID NO:3 claim 3 , SEQ ID NO:4 claim 3 , SEQ ID NO:5 and comprising at least one amino acid substitution that provides for greater Otolerance.5. The modified hydrogenase of claim 4 , wherein the amino acid substitution is selected from A156C claim 4 , M166C claim 4 , G194C claim 4 , Q195C claim 4 , 1197C claim 4 , A156C+L191C claim 4 , G158C+I197C claim 4 , N160C+T161C claim 4 , N160C+A165C claim 4 , N160C+L192C claim 4 , N160C+Q195C claim 4 , N160C+I197C claim 4 , T161C+G194C claim 4 , T161C+I197C claim 4 , T163C+N189C claim 4 , T163C+Q195C claim 4 , T163C+I197C claim 4 , Y164C+Q195C claim 4 , A165C+N189C claim 4 , A165C+L192C claim 4 , A165C+Q195C claim 4 , A165C+I197C claim 4 , M166C+Q195C claim 4 , M166C+I197C claim 4 , F185C+I197C claim 4 , N189C+G194C claim 4 , N189C+I197C claim 4 , L191C+L192C claim 4 , L191C+I197C claim 4 , Q195C+I197C claim 4 , L192F claim 4 , L192W claim 4 , L192S claim 4 , L192D claim 4 , L192G claim 4 , P301C claim 4 , T356C claim 4 , S357C claim 4 , P301C+T356C claim 4 , P301C+A498C claim 4 , P301C+G502C claim 4 , G302C+T356C claim 4 , G302C+S357C claim 4 , G302C+A498C claim 4 , W303C+G507C claim 4 , P354C+G508C claim 4 , ...

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Номер записи: 65
12-03-2015 дата публикации

USE OF BOTRYTIS CINEREA FOR OBTAINING GOLD NANOPARTICLES

Номер: US20150072392A1
Автор: Castillo Nara Antonio, Castro Retamal Miguel
Принадлежит:

The present invention is related to the use of strains, its spores, hyphae mycelium, sclerotia, intra and/or extracellular organic molecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, polysaccharides, lipids and secondary metabolites for the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNps). In general terms, the present invention is focused to use strains and/or molecules generated by this organism for the biological synthesis of AuNps, being then the field of application, the synthesis of nanomaterials, specifically AuNps using the phytopathogenic fungus and/or its intra or extracellular proteins purified individually or in combination thereof or any of other intra and/or extracellular molecule produced by this organism as a biological system of synthesis. The metallic nanoparticles are used in various applications including: semiconductors, photoluminescence, biomedicine, imaging for the medical diagnostic, catalysts (dispersed and supported) and in therapies against some types of neoplasia (cancer), among others. 1. Process for the biological synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNps) , wherein it comprises:{'i': 'Botrytis cinerea', 'a) mycelium culturing of fungal in a nutritive medium containing between 0.1-1% malt extract and 0.1-1% yeast extract, at 20° C. in darkness for at least 10 days; and'}{'sub': 4', '2, 'b) Generating gold nanoparticles (AuNps), taking the supernatant obtained from the step a) and incubating it with HAuCl•3HO for a period of time ranging between 0.5 to 12 hours, at a temperature ranging between 25-27° C., and retrieving the nanoparticles by low-speed centrifugation or by spontaneous sedimentation after a rest of at least 1 hour.'}2B. cinerea. The process of claim 1 , wherein the step b) comprises extracting from the supernatant molecules generated by claim 1 , and maintaining a suspension containing such molecules for a period of time ranging between 0.5 to 12 hours claim 1 , at a temperature ranging between 25-27° C. claim 1 , and retrieving the ...

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Номер записи: 66
12-03-2015 дата публикации

Engineered fuel storage, respeciation and transport

Номер: US20150073062A1
Автор: Roy Edward McAlister
Принадлежит: McAlister Technologies LLC

Techniques, systems and material are disclosed for thermochemical regeneration of biomass into renewable engineered fuel, storage of the renewable engineered fuel, respeciation of the renewable engineered fuel and transport. In one aspect, a method includes generating low density hydrogen fuel from biomass dissociation at a first location of a low elevation. The low density hydrogen fuel is self-transported in a pipeline to a second location at a higher elevation than the first location by traveling from the first location to the second location without adding energy of pressure. A high density hydrogen carrier is generated at the second location of higher elevation by reacting the low density hydrogen fuel with at least one of a carbon donor, a nitrogen donor and an oxygen donor harvested from industrial waste. The high density hydrogen carrier is delivered to a third location of a lower elevation than the second location while providing pressure or kinetic energy.

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Номер записи: 67
15-03-2018 дата публикации

Co hydratase and method for producing formate using the same

Номер: US20180073042A1
Автор: Dae Haeng CHO, Eun-gyu Choi, Ho Won Hwang, Kyoungseon MIN, Min Gee Jang, Yong Hwan Kim, Young Joo Yeon
Принадлежит: C1chem Co Ltd

Provided are CO hydratase and a method for producing formate using the same, and more specifically, to CO hydratase which is a novel enzyme which is produced by linking CO dehydrogenase (CODH) and CO 2 reductase and can directly convert CO into formate, and use thereof.

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Номер записи: 68
16-03-2017 дата публикации

BACTERIA AND ENZYMES PRODUCED THEREFROM AND METHODS OF USING SAME

Номер: US20170073620A1
Автор: Ayangbile Gbenga, Grzemski Mary, JR. James F., Krueger Lucas, Spangler David, Tobey
Принадлежит:

A bacteria referred to here as 6A-1 is provided, compositions thereof and processes for use of the bacteria, spores, cells, extracts and enzymes. The compositions which comprise the bacteria, spores, cells, extracts and/or enzymes are capable of degrading polysaccharides. Such compositions are capable of degrading cellulose, including plant-produced cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose. The bacteria produces at least two cellulose-degrading protein fractions. Cellulose degrading activity continues across pH2 to pH13. 1. A method of producing a composition capable of degrading polysaccharides , the method comprising ,a) culturing said strain 6A-1 such that said 6A-1 produces at least two polysaccharide-degrading protein fractions;b) a process selected from (i) filtering or drying or freeze drying or grinding, or adding at least one excipient, carrier or diluent to said 6A-1 strain or cells or spores of said 6A-1 or (ii) extracting at least one polysaccharide-degrading protein fraction from said 6A-1, or iii) a combination thereof; andc) producing a composition comprising said strain, cells, spores or at least one polysaccharide-degrading protein fraction extraction of b), or a combination thereof.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said composition comprises at least three cellulose-degrading protein fractions produced by said 6A-1 claim 1 , said protein fractions capable of degrading crystalline cellulose claim 1 , carboxymethyl cellulose and unmodified cellulose.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein composition is capable of degrading protein at a pH of 2 to 12.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said 6A-1 is an asporogenous mutant of said 6A-1.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said composition is capable of degrading cellulose under conditions from pH 2 to pH 13.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein said composition is capable of degrading acid detergent fiber.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said 6A-1 is cultured at a temperature of less ...

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Номер записи: 69
19-03-2015 дата публикации

Applications of the rotating photobioreactor

Номер: US20150079651A1
Автор: Dennis A. Burke
Принадлежит: Individual

A method to recover and harvest nutrients and volatile gases such as alcohols from a liquid stream using a fixed film bioreactor. The method includes a means of concentrating product gas stripped from a bioreactor.

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Номер записи: 70
12-06-2014 дата публикации

PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN USING AN ANAEROBIC BIOLOGICAL PROCESS

Номер: US20140157777A1
Автор: Kramer Robert, Patterson John A., Pelter Libbie S.
Принадлежит: PURDUE RESEARCH FOUNDATION

Various embodiments of the present invention pertain to methods for biological production of hydrogen. More specifically, embodiments of the present invention pertain to a modular energy system and related methods for producing hydrogen using organic waste as a feed stock. 1. A method for producing hydrogen comprising:providing an organic waste;fermenting the organic waste in a substantially anaerobic environment, wherein hydrogen is produced from the fermenting; anddirecting the hydrogen to one of a fuel cell and a heat engine.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the organic waste is one of DDGS claim 1 , DDG claim 1 , garbage claim 1 , human waste claim 1 , animal waste claim 1 , and food waste.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising heating the organic waste at a temperature effective to substantially sterilize the organic waste claim 1 , wherein the heating occurs subsequent to the fermenting.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fermenting occurs in a bioreactor in proximity to the one of a fuel cell and a heat engine.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising heating the organic waste at a temperature effective to substantially inactivate methane-producing microorganisms claim 1 , wherein the heating occurs prior to the fermenting.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising heating an inoculum at a temperature effective to substantially inactivate methane-producing microorganisms claim 1 , but ineffective to substantially inactivate hydrogen-producing microorganisms claim 1 , and adding the inoculum to the organic waste claim 1 , wherein the heating occurs prior to the adding claim 1 , and wherein the adding occurs prior to the fermenting.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein carbon dioxide is produced from the fermenting.8. The method of claim 7 , further comprising separating the hydrogen from the carbon dioxide prior to the directing.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fermenting occurs at a pH between about 4.5 and about 6.5.10. A method for ...

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Номер записи: 71
31-03-2022 дата публикации

CATALYST MATERIAL FOR ENHANCING HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN PRODUCTION AND SYNTHESIZING METHODS OF SAME

Номер: US20220098742A1
Автор: Zhao Wei
Принадлежит:

A catalyst material for enhancing hydrogen and oxygen production includes algae-derived carbon scaffolds; and catalyst components coupled to the algae-derived carbon scaffolds. The catalyst material has excellent oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance superior to that of a benchmark OER catalyst Ir/C. 1. A catalyst material for enhancing hydrogen and oxygen production , comprising:algae-derived carbon scaffolds; andcatalyst components coupled to the algae-derived carbon scaffolds.2. The catalyst material of claim 1 , wherein the algae-derived carbon scaffolds comprise algae-derived carbonized cells (cCells).3. The catalyst material of claim 2 , wherein the algae-derived carbon scaffolds are formed by carbonization of algae cells.4TetraselmisNannochloropsis gaditana, Nannochloropsis. The catalyst material of claim 3 , wherein the algae cells comprise cells claim 3 , oculate claim 3 , or the likes.5. The catalyst material of claim 2 , wherein the algae-derived carbon scaffolds comprise three-dimensional (3D) reduced graphene oxide (RGO) scaffolds.6. The catalyst material of claim 2 , wherein the algae-derived carbon scaffolds comprise about 77 atomic % of C and about 14 atomic % of O.7. The catalyst material of claim 2 , wherein the algae-derived carbon scaffolds contain C═C bonds claim 2 , hydroxyl C—OH bonds claim 2 , and ester C(═O)O bonds claim 2 , wherein the C═C bonds are dominant bonds.8. The catalyst material of claim 2 , wherein the catalyst components comprise OER and HER catalysts with earth-abundant materials claim 2 , transition metal oxides/layer-double-hydroxides including NiFe oxide (NiFeO) claim 2 , cobalt phosphate claim 2 , perovskite oxides claim 2 , and transition metal dichalcogenides including MoS.9. The catalyst material of claim 8 , wherein the NiFe oxide has a molar ratio of Ni:Fe:O=6.7:6.1:26 claim 8 , with a formula of NiFeO.10. The catalyst material of claim 9 , wherein the catalyst material has a molar ratio of C:O:Ni:Fe≈49:35:6.7:6. ...

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Номер записи: 72
25-03-2021 дата публикации

Method of Recovering Phosphori Acid from Fermentation Broth of Fermentation Waste Liquor and Reusing the Same

Номер: US20210087060A1
Автор: Chungkwon LEE, Il Chul Kim, In Sung Lee, Jaeik KIM, Jun Young Jung, Jun-Woo Kim, Kang Hoon Lee, Min Sup Kim, Seung Hoon Kang, Seung-Je Lee
Принадлежит: CJ CHEILJEDANG CORP

Provided is a method of recovering phosphoric acid from a fermentation broth or a waste liquid thereof and reusing the recovered phosphoric acid in fermentation.

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Номер записи: 73
12-03-2020 дата публикации

Energy generation system using biomass and method of controlling the same

Номер: US20200082681A1
Автор: Hideshi MIZUTANI, Kenji Umayahara, Masahiro Yamakawa, Shigeki TAKAIWA, Shigeyuki Suzuki, Takao Ozawa
Принадлежит: Toyota Motor Corp

An energy generation system using biomass includes a first information generation unit that generates the first information indicating that a distributor handling food has disposed of food waste biomass, an energy generation device that generates energy and the like using biomass collected from the distributor, a second information generation unit that generates the second information indicating that energy and the like have been generated using biomass collected from the distributor, a third information generation unit that obtains the first information and the second information and generates the third information indicating generation of at least one of energy and energy sources by collecting biomass disposed by the distributor, and a display unit that displays the third information generated by the third information generation unit.

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Номер записи: 74
30-03-2017 дата публикации

BACTERIAL STRAIN FOR LEAD PRECIPITATION

Номер: US20170088827A1
Автор: Gregg John T., Hecht Gregory Brian, Hickman Mark J., Panepinto Leanna
Принадлежит: ROWAN UNIVERSITY

The present invention relates to a mutant CC3625 cysteine synthase. Bacteria containing such mutant cysteine synthase can be used for the precipitation of soluble lead. 2. The mutant CC3625 cysteine synthase protein of selected from the group consisting ofa) RCCR3, having the amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 2,b) RCCR4, having the amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 3,c) RCCR5, having the amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 4, andd) RCCR7, having the amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 5.3. The mutant CC3625 cysteine synthase of claim 2 , being RCCR3 claim 2 , having the SEQ ID NO: 12.4. The mutant CC3625 cysteine synthase of claim 2 , being RCCR4. having the SEQ ID NO: 13.5. The mutant CC3625 cysteine synthase of claim 2 , being RCCR5 claim 2 , having the SEQ ID NO: 14.6. The mutant CC3625 cysteine synthase of claim 2 , being RCCR7 claim 2 , having the SEQ ID NO: 15.7. A lead hyper-precipitating strain of Caulobacter crescentus that expresses the mutant CC3625 cysteine synthase of .8. A reactor for reducing the amount of soluble lead in an aqueous fluid claim 7 , the reactor comprising a fluid conduit capable of contacting the fluid with the lead hyper-precipitating strain of .9. The reactor of claim 8 , wherein the lead hyper-precipitating strain is immobilized on a surface of the fluid conduit.10. The reactor of claim 8 , wherein the lead hyper-precipitating strain is present in a biofilm on a surface of the fluid conduit.11. The reactor of claim 9 , wherein the surface is selected from the group consisting of the surface of a pipe claim 9 , the surface of a tank claim 9 , the surface of a column-packing material claim 9 , the surface of a screen claim 9 , the surface of a porous filter substrate claim 9 , and combinations of these.12. The reactor of claim 8 , wherein the lead hyper-precipitating strain is immobilized on a surface of replaceable cartridge which contacts fluid in the fluid conduit.13Caulobacter crescentusCaulobacter crescentus. A method of generating a lead hyper- ...

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Номер записи: 75
19-06-2014 дата публикации

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR CAPTURING GASEOUS AMMONIA

Номер: US20140170725A1
Автор: Andrews Dirk, Gorzen Daniel F., Kirk Randol E.
Принадлежит:

A method and system for collecting gaseous nitrogen compounds into an aqueous solution are provided. The method enables the combination of gaseous sulfur and nitrogen compounds in the aqueous solution to generate ammonium compound components, to include ammonium sulfate. Sulfur may be pressure injected into the solution as gaseous sulfur dioxide. Optionally, carbon may be introduced into the solution as gaseous carbon dioxide. The sulfur may be earlier sourced by a burning of a sulfurous solid. The pH of the solution may be monitored and the introduction of ammonia, carbon and/or sulfur may be halted or constrained while the pH of the solution is measured outside of specified range. The solution may be allowed to age to permit a mix of compounds of ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium carbomate to restabilize and thereby encourage a renewed surge of ammonium sulfate generation. 1. A method comprising:a. forming a volume of fluid water;b. burning sulfur in the presence of oxygen to form sulfur dioxide;c. exposing the volume of fluid water to the sulfur dioxide, whereby the volume of fluid water is transformed into an aqueous solution having a pH below 5;d. exposing the aqueous solution to an atmospheric gas volume comprising gaseous ammonia; ande. removing a component of the aqueous solution from the aqueous solution, the component comprising nitrogen compounds.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the component comprises ammonium sulfate.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the component is removed from the aqueous solution in a solution comprising a portion of the aqueous solution.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:f, continuing to expose the aqueous solution to the sulfur dioxide until a pH measurement of the aqueous solution of approximately four is generated; andg. halting the exposure of the sulfur dioxide until a pH measurement of the aqueous solution of approximately five is generated; andh. resuming exposure of the aqueous solution to ...

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Номер записи: 76
09-04-2015 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING AMMONIA OR AMMONIUM BY FERMENTATION

Номер: US20150098888A1
Автор: KETOLA Ari, KOSKENNIEMI Kerttu, LAAKSONEN Maiju, LATVALA Veikko, LENSU Elisa, OSKANEN Ilona
Принадлежит:

The invention provides a process for producing ammonia or ammonium from an organic material, the method by contacting the organic material with at least one hydrolytic enzyme, in a medium, to produce a medium including hydrolyzed or partially hydrolyzed organic material suitable for microbial fermentation. The hydrolyzed or partially hydrolyzed medium with organic material is then fermented in the presence of at least one microorganism capable of ammonification, wherein the fermenting is under conditions, and for a sufficient period of time, to produce a fermentation product that comprises ammonia or ammonium. The organic material includes nitrogenous compounds suitable for conversion to ammonia or ammonium. 1. A process for producing ammonia or ammonium from an organic material , the method comprising:(a) contacting the organic material with at least one hydrolytic enzyme, to produce medium comprising hydrolyzed or partially hydrolyzed organic material suitable for microbial fermentation,(b) fermenting the medium comprising hydrolyzed or partially hydrolyzed organic material in the presence of at least one microorganism capable of ammonification, wherein the fermenting is under conditions, and for a sufficient period of time, to produce a fermentation product that comprises ammonia or ammonium;wherein the organic material comprises nitrogenous compounds such as amines and/or proteins suitable for conversion to ammonia or ammonium.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the medium of step (b) is enriched with a carbohydrate suitable for promoting microbial growth.3Aeromonas, Citrobacter, Clostridium, Bacillus, Enterobacter, Enterococcus, Klebsiella, PseudomonasStaphylococcus.. The process of claim 1 , wherein at least one microorganism is a bacterium selected from the group consisting of a genus of and4Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium beijerinckiiClostridium butyricum. The process of claim 3 , wherein the bacteria is selected from the group consisting of or or a ...

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Номер записи: 77
05-04-2018 дата публикации

CONVERSION OF BIOMASS, ORGANIC WASTE AND CARBON DIOXIDE INTO SYNTHETIC HYDROCARBONS

Номер: US20180094195A1
Автор: HAFEZ Hisham Mohamed, Lehoux Richard Romeo, SALT Dave, SEHDEV Ranjit
Принадлежит:

A process and system for producing a synthetic hydrocarbon having a desired H/C ratio is disclosed. Organic material is biochemically digested in a two stage biodigester for separately producing a hydrogen containing biogas substantially free of methane in a first stage and a methane containing biogas in a second stage. The methane containing biogas is reformed in a first reformer to generate hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide gas, which are then combined in a mixer with the hydrogen containing biogas into a syngas in amounts to achieve in the syngas an overall H/C ratio substantially equal to the desired H/C ratio. The syngas is reacted with a catalyst in a second reformer, a Fischer-Tropsch (FT) reactor, to produce the hydrocarbon. Using a two stage biodigester allows for the generation of separate hydrogen and methane streams, a more economical generation of the FT syngas and reduced fouling of the FT catalyst. 1. A process for producing a synthetic hydrocarbon having a desired H/C ratio , comprising the steps ofa) subjecting organic material including biomass and microorganisms for anaerobic digestion to multiple stage anaerobic digestion for separately producing hydrogen containing biogas substantially free of methane in a first stage and methane containing biogas in a second stage, wherein to minimize growth of hydrogentrophic methanogens in the first stage, a solids retention time is decoupled from a liquid retention time in the first stage by recycling to the first stage solids separated from an effluent of the first stage,b) reforming the methane containing biogas to generate hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide gas, andc) combining the hydrogen containing biogas, the hydrogen gas, and the carbon monoxide gas into a syngas in amounts to achieve in the syngas an overall H/C ratio substantially equal to the desired H/C ratio; andd) operating a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis by reacting the syngas with a catalyst to produce the synthetic hydrocarbon.2. The process of ...

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Номер записи: 78
12-05-2022 дата публикации

Biological and Chemical Process Utilizing Chemoautotrophic Microorganisms for the Chemosynthetic Fixation of Carbon Dioxide and/or Other Inorganic Carbon Sources into Organic Compounds and the Generation of Additional Useful Products

Номер: US20220145337A1
Автор: Reed John S.
Принадлежит:

The invention described herein presents compositions and methods for a multistep biological and chemical process for the capture and conversion of carbon dioxide and/or other forms of inorganic carbon into organic chemicals including biofuels or other useful industrial, chemical, pharmaceutical, or biomass products. One or more process steps utilizes chemoautotrophic microorganisms to fix inorganic carbon into organic compounds through chemosynthesis. An additional feature described are process steps whereby electron donors used for the chemosynthetic fixation of carbon are generated by chemical or electrochemical means, or are produced from inorganic or waste sources. An additional feature described are process steps for recovery of useful chemicals produced by the carbon dioxide capture and conversion process, both from chemosynthetic reaction steps, as well as from non-biological reaction steps. 126.-. (canceled)27. A biological and chemical method for the capture and conversion of carbon dioxide into organic compounds , comprising:introducing carbon dioxide gas, either alone and/or dissolved in a mixture or solution further comprising carbonate ion and/or bicarbonate ion into an environment suitable for maintaining chemoautotrophic organisms and/or chemoautotroph cell extracts; and{'i': Ralstonia', 'Alcaligenes', 'Hydrogenomoas, 'fixing the carbon dioxide and/or inorganic carbon into organic compounds within the environment via at least one chemosynthetic carbon fixing reaction utilizing chemoautotrophic microorganisms comprising a sp., an sp., or a sp.;'}wherein where the chemosynthetic carbon fixing reaction is driven by chemical and/or electrochemical energy provided by electron donors and electron acceptors that have been generated chemically and/or electrochemically and/or are introduced into the environment from at least one source external to the environment, and wherein the electron donor comprises hydrogen and said electron acceptor comprises carbon ...

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Номер записи: 79
26-06-2014 дата публикации

Method of producing hydrogen from Thermococcus spp

Номер: US20140178960A1
Автор: Hyun Sook Lee, In Soon Jeong, Jae Kyu Lim, Jung Ho Jeon, Jung Hyun Lee, Kae Kyoung Kwon, Sang Jin Kim, Seung Seop Bae, Sun Shin Cha, Sung Gyun Kang, Yona Cho, Yun Jae Kim
Принадлежит: Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI)

The present invention relates to novel hydrogenases isolated from novel hyperthermophilic strains belonging to Thermococcus spp., genes encoding the hydrogenases, and methods of producing hydrogen using strains having the genes. According to the hydrogen production methods of the invention, a large amount of hydrogen can be produced merely by culturing the strains in specific culture conditions. Thus, the methods of the invention have advantages in that they are more economic and efficient than existing hydrogen production methods and can produce hydrogen even at high temperature.

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Номер записи: 80
16-04-2015 дата публикации

STATIC SOLID STATE BIOREACTOR AND METHOD FOR USING SAME

Номер: US20150104835A1
Автор: Bath Murray D., Harvey J. Todd, Ogrodny Edward, Sprenger Glenn R.
Принадлежит: GEOSYNFUELS, LLC

A static solid state bioreactor and method of using same. The bioreactor comprises a vessel having an upper end and a lower end, the upper end having a sealable opening. A gas distribution system in communication with the upper end and the lower end of the vessel. A liquid distribution system in communication with the upper end of the vessel. A liquid recovery system in communication with the lower end of the vessel. A material removal system disposed at the lower end of the vessel for removing biomass from the vessel. 1. (canceled)2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. (canceled)8. (canceled)9. (canceled)10. (canceled)11. (canceled)12. (canceled)13. (canceled)14. (canceled)15. (canceled)16. (canceled)17. A method of performing static solid state fermentation , the method comprising the steps of:a. mixing a bulking agent with a biomass to form a mixture;b. adding the mixture to a static solid state bioreactor;b. irrigating the mixture with an aqueous solution;c. flowing a gas through the mixture; and,d. maintaining a microorganism supporting environment within the mixture by calculating a specific heat of an aqueous solution flow, calculating a specific heat of a gas flow, and balancing the aqueous solution flow with the gas flow.18. The method according to claim 17 , further comprising the step of maintaining a ratio of mass flow per cross sectional area per unit time of the gas flow to the aqueous solution flow between 0.25 and 0.4.19. The method according to claim 17 , further comprising the step of adding an inoculum comprising at least one microorganism to the biomass prior to the step of mixing a bulking agent with a biomass.20. The method according to claim 19 , further comprising the step of adding one or more enzymes to the biomass prior to the step of adding an inoculum to the biomass.21. The method according to claim 20 , further comprising the step of adding an antibiotic to the biomass prior to the step of adding enzymes to ...

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Номер записи: 81
12-04-2018 дата публикации

MUTANT MICROORGANISMS AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING

Номер: US20180100168A1
Автор: Blum Paul, Singh Raghuveer, White Derrick
Принадлежит:

This disclosure describes methods that allow for the uncoupling of microbial growth from product formation, which allows for maximal use of raw material and optimal end-product formation. 1. A method of making a mutant microorganism that produces an increased amount of a biologically-produced metabolite relative to a microorganism lacking the mutation(s) , the method comprising:disrupting, transiently, a gene in a microorganism, thereby producing a transiently disrupted microorganism;passaging the transiently disrupted microorganism a plurality of times under selective pressure to produce a compensating microorganism;screening the compensating microorganism for an increase in one or more metabolites; andisolating the compensating microorganism having an increase in the desired metabolite.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the transient disruption is targeted to a gene in a pathway that claim 1 , when disrupted claim 1 , results in toxicity to the microorganism.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the transient disruption is a result of homologous recombination.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the selective pressure is the toxicity resulting from the chromosomal disruption.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the selective pressure is selection with an antibiotic or other selectable marker.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the microorganism is a hyperthermophilic anaerobe.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the cultivating takes place at or above 80° C.8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising sequencing the genome of the compensating microorganism.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , when the microorganism is a hyperthermophilic anaerobe and the biologically-produced metabolite is H claim 1 , the gene targeted for transient disruption is lactate dehydrogenase.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , when the microorganism is a photoautotrophic bacteria and the biologically-produced metabolite is H claim 1 , the gene targeted for transient disruption ...

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Номер записи: 82
12-04-2018 дата публикации

ACIDOPHILIC FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM STRAINS, METHODS OF THEIR PRODUCTION AND METHODS OF THEIR USE

Номер: US20180100171A1
Автор: INSKEEP William P., KOZUBAL Mark A., MACUR Richard E.
Принадлежит:

The present invention provides isolated acidophilic strains, such as MK7, and their progeny, compositions comprising such strains and their progeny, methods of producing such strains and their progeny, and methods of using such strains and their progeny. 111.-. (canceled)12. A method of producing one or more energy-rich metabolites , said method comprising the steps of:{'i': Fusarium oxysporum', 'Fusarium oxysporium, 'a) making a mixture by contacting an isolated strain MK7 (ATCC Accession Deposit No. PTA-10698), and/or its progeny, with a feedstock material selected from the group consisting of a ligno cellulosic feedstock, a carbon containing waste product, a carbohydrate, and a combination thereof, wherein the feedstock material can support the growth of said strain MK7 and/or its progeny;'}b) incubating said mixture at pH <0.5-8.0 for a period of time under anaerobic conditions;c) producing from said mixture one or more energy-rich metabolites following such contact; andd) optionally, isolating said one or more energy-rich metabolites from the mixture.13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the lignocellulosic feedstock material is wheat straw.14. The method of claim 12 , wherein the energy-rich metabolite is ethanol.15. The method of claim 12 , wherein the feedstock is a lignocellulosic feedstock and the energy-rich metabolite is hydrogen gas.1619.-. (canceled)20. The method of claim 12 , further comprising a pretreatment step claim 12 , wherein said pretreatment step is selected from the group consisting of: reducing the pH of the mixture claim 12 , adding manganese to the mixture and adding a nutrient to the mixture.21. The method according to claim 20 , wherein the pH is <0.5-<3.0 and the manganese concentration is 5 mM claim 20 , 10 mM claim 20 , or 25 mM.22. The method according to claim 12 , wherein the pH is 0.5-3.0.23. The method according to claim 12 , wherein the pH is 2.0-7.0.24. The method according to claim 12 , wherein the pH is 3-4.5.25. The method ...

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Номер записи: 83
26-03-2020 дата публикации

A PROCESS TO PREPARE ELEMENTAL SULPHUR

Номер: US20200095610A1
Автор: BUISMAN Cees Jan Nico, DE RINK Frederikus, KLOK Johannes Bernardus Maria, TER HEIJNE Annemiek
Принадлежит: PAQELL B.V.

The invention is directed to a process to prepare elemental sulphur by (i) contacting an aqueous solution comprising bisulphide with oxidised sulphide-oxidising bacteria under anaerobic conditions wherein elemental sulphur is produced and a reduced sulphide-oxidising bacteria is obtained and (ii) wherein the reduced sulphide-oxidising bacteria are oxidised by transfer of electrons to an anode of an electrochemical cell to obtain the oxidised sulphide-oxidising bacteria. 1. A process to prepare elemental sulphur by (i) contacting an aqueous solution comprising bisulphide with oxidised sulphide-oxidising bacteria under anaerobic conditions wherein elemental sulphur is produced and a reduced sulphide-oxidising bacteria is obtained and isolating elemental sulphur from the aqueous solution and (ii) wherein the reduced sulphide-oxidising bacteria are oxidised by transfer of electrons to an anode of an electrochemical cell to obtain the oxidised sulphide-oxidising bacteria.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the electrochemical cell comprises a cathode which transfers electrons to a compound having a more positive electrode potential than the electrode potential of the reduced sulphide-oxidising bacteria and wherein as a result of this difference in potential between anode and cathode an electric current between said electrodes results.3. The process according to claim 2 , wherein the compound having a higher electrode potential than the electrode potential of the reduced sulphide-oxidising bacteria is oxygen or nitrate.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the electrochemical cell comprises a cathode which transfers electrons to a compound having a more negative electrode potential than the electrode potential of the reduced sulphide-oxidising bacteria and wherein a potential is provided between anode and cathode such that the transfer of electrons can take place.5. The process according to claim 4 , wherein the compound having a lower electrode ...

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Номер записи: 84
13-04-2017 дата публикации

Sonicated biological hydrogen reactor

Номер: US20170101616A1
Автор: Elsayed Elrefaey Elbeshbishy, George F. Nakhla
Принадлежит: University of Western Ontario

A method and system for hydrogen production from organic material such as waste. The system includes a bioreactor for continuous anerobic fermentation to produce hydrogen in which a mixture containing a microorganism and organic material is sonicated. The system optionally includes a biomethanator connected in-line with the bioreactor.

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Номер записи: 85
21-04-2016 дата публикации

PHOTOCATALYTIC HYDROGEN PRODUCTION AND POLYPEPTIDES CAPABLE OF SAME

Номер: US20160108434A1
Автор: Benhar Itai, Gazit Ehud, Nelson Nathan, Yacoby Iftach
Принадлежит: Ramot at Tel-Aviv University Ltd.

An isolated polypeptide comprising a hydrogen generating enzyme attached to a heterologous ferredoxin is disclosed, as well as polynucleotides encoding same, nucleic acid constructs capable of expressing same and cells expressing same. A method for generating hydrogen using the isolated polypeptide is also disclosed. 1. An isolated polypeptide comprising an algal Fe-only hydrogenase attached to an algal ferredoxin , wherein the polypeptide is capable of generating at least four time more hydrogen from electrons donated thereto from methyl viologen than native hydrogenase.2. The isolated polypeptide of claim 1 , further comprising a linker claim 1 , capable of linking said algal Fe-only hydrogenase to said plant ferredoxin.3. The isolated polypeptide of claim 2 , wherein said linker is a peptide bond.4. The isolated polypeptide of claim 2 , wherein said linker comprises a repeat sequence of glycine and serine.5. An isolated polynucleotide encoding the polypeptide of .6. A cell comprising the isolated polynucleotide of .7. The cell of claim 6 , being selected from the group consisting of a cyanobacterial cell claim 6 , an algal cell and a higher plant cell.8. A method of generating hydrogen claim 6 , the method comprising combining the polypeptide of with an electron donor so as to generate an electron transfer chain claim 6 , wherein said electron transfer chain is configured such that said electron donor is capable of donating electrons to the polypeptide of claim 6 , thereby generating hydrogen.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the generating hydrogen is effected under anaerobic conditions.10. The method of claim 8 , wherein said electron donor is selected from the group consisting of a biomolecule claim 8 , a chemical claim 8 , water claim 8 , an electrode and a combination of the above.11. The method of claim 10 , wherein said biomolecule comprises Photosystem I (PSI) or rhodopsin.12. The method of claim 8 , further comprising harvesting the hydrogen following ...

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Номер записи: 86
23-04-2015 дата публикации

BIOHYDROGEN PRODUCTION METHOD AND REACTOR

Номер: US20150111273A1
Автор: HAFEZ Hisham Mohamed
Принадлежит:

A method for producing H, VFAs and alcohols from organic material is disclosed, including the steps of introducing organic material and microorganisms into a completely mixed bioreactor for producing H, CO, VFAs, and alcohols; sequestering COin the headspace of the reactor; recovering Hfrom the headspace; and recovering a first liquid effluent including microorganisms, VFAs, and alcohols. Also disclosed is a system for producing H, VFAs and alcohols from organic material, including a completely mixed bioreactor for dark fermentation; an input for supplying microorganisms and the organic material to be broken down; a COtrap in the headspace and including a solid hydroxide for sequestration of the COgas from the headspace; and a gas output for removal of a gas effluent including Hgas from the headspace. The system and method provide higher Hproduction rates and a Hstream is substantially free of CO. 1. A method for producing hydrogen by dark fermentation from organic material , comprising the steps of{'sub': 2', '2, 'introducing organic material and microorganisms into a completely mixed bioreactor for breaking down the organic material into products including Hgas, COgas, volatile fatty acids, and alcohols by dark fermentation;'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'continuously sequestering COgas within a headspace of the bioreactor for capturing the COas bicarbonate within the headspace; and'}{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'recovering at least a portion of the Hgas from the headspace under vacuum, whereby the recovered Hgas is substantially free of CO.'}2. The method of claim 2 , wherein the Hgas is continuously recovered from the headspace.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the step of continuously sequestering COwithin the headspace includes the further step of discontinuously removing at least a portion of the bicarbonate from the headspace.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of continuously capturing COincludes continuously maintaining a metal hydroxide in the headspace for binding ...

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Номер записи: 87
23-04-2015 дата публикации

METHODS FOR PREPARING TE(O) FROM TE(IV) USING METAL-REDUCING BACTERIA AND IRON ION

Номер: US20150111274A1
Автор: HUR Hor-Gil, Kim Dong-Hun
Принадлежит:

Disclosed is a method for preparing Te(O) in a low toxic form from toxic Te(IV) using metal-reducing bacteria and iron ions. According to the present invention, extracellular tellurium nanorods can be prepared through an environmentally friendly process and are able to provide tellurium utilizable in petroleum refining, electronic devices, batteries, and sensors. 1. A method for preparing Te(O) in a low toxic form from toxic Te(IV) , comprising:culturing Fe(III)-reducing bacteria in a medium by adding an electron donor, Te(IV) and Fe(III) to the medium or by adding an electron donor, Te(IV) and Fe(II) to the medium.2. A method for preparing Te(O) in a low toxic form from toxic Te(IV) , comprising:culturing Fe(III)-reducing bacteria in a medium to form Fe(II) by adding an electron donor and Fe(III) to the medium; andculturing the medium by adding Te(IV) to the medium to form Te(O).3Shewanella. The method for preparing Te(O) in a low toxic form according to claim 2 , wherein the Fe(III)-reducing bacteria are genus bacteria.4ShewanellaShewanella oneidensis. The method for preparing Te(O) in a low toxic form according to claim 3 , wherein the genus bacteria are MR-1 (ATCC 700550).5. The method for preparing Te(O) in a low toxic form according to claim 2 , wherein the culturing is performed under anaerobic conditions.6. The method for preparing Te(O) in a low toxic form according to claim 2 , wherein Te(O) is formed outside the Fe(III)-reducing bacteria.7. The method for preparing Te(O) in a low toxic form according to claim 2 , wherein Te(O) is formed in the shape of nanorods.8. The method for preparing Te(O) in a low toxic form according to claim 7 , wherein the nanorods have a length of 120 nm-360 nm.9. The method for preparing Te(O) in a low toxic form according to claim 7 , wherein the nanorods have a length of 60 nm-150 nm.10. A method for converting toxic Te(IV) to Te(O) in a low toxic form claim 7 , comprising:culturing Fe(III)-reducing bacteria in a medium by ...

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Номер записи: 88
19-04-2018 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM GLYCEROL

Номер: US20180105836A1
Автор: BRAR Satinder Kaur, BUELNA Gerardo, DAS Ratul Kumar, LEBIHAN Yann, MAITI Sampa, PACHAPUR Vinayak, SARMA Saurabh Jyoti, VERMA Mausam
Принадлежит:

The present document describes a process for production of hydrogen gas (H) from fermentation of crude glycerol with a hydrogen producing microorganism in a bioreactor. The process comprises the step of introducing a volume of crude glycerol in a fermentation mixture which comprises a fermentation medium comprised of crude glycerol and hydrogen producing microorganisms under a fermentative hydrogen production condition, and then removing a volume of the fermentation mixture equal to the second volume of the crude glycerol, to maintain constant the total volume of the fermentation mixture. 1. A process for production of hydrogen gas (H) from fermentation of crude glycerol with a hydrogen producing microorganism in a bioreactor , comprising the step of: 'a fermentation medium which comprises a first volume of said crude glycerol and a hydrogen producing microorganism, under a fermentative hydrogen production condition,', 'in a fermentation mixture comprising'}introducing a second volume of said crude glycerol, and removing a volume of said fermentation mixture equal to said second volume of said crude glycerol, to maintain constant the total volume of said fermentation mixture.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein said process is a continuous process or a semi-continuous process.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein said fermentation medium comprises an initial crude glycerol concentration from 2.5 to 20 g/L.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein said second volume of said crude glycerol is at a concentration from 60 g/L to 120 g/L.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein said second volume of said crude glycerol is introduced at a constant feed rate.6. The process of claim 1 , further comprising collecting said hydrogen gas (H) from said bioreactor claim 1 , and wherein said collecting is continuous collecting or discontinuous collecting.7. The process of claim 6 , wherein said discontinuous collecting is by bubbling a gas in said fermentation mixture to release dissolved ...

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Номер записи: 89
02-04-2020 дата публикации

CELLULAR PRODUCTION OF PURE IRON OXIDE NANOPARTICLES

Номер: US20200102581A1
Автор: Alphandery Edouard
Принадлежит: NANOBACTERIE

A method for producing high purity iron oxide nanoparticles using nanoparticle-producing cells, including: a) a pre-growth step that includes amplifying the nanoparticle-producing cell(s) in a pre-growth and/or fed-batch medium/media, and b) a growth step that includes amplifying the nanoparticle-producing cell(s) originating from the pre-growth step in a growth and/or fed-batch medium/media, wherein the pre-growth and/or growth and/or fed-batch medium/media comprise(s), per kilogram or liter of pre-growth and/or growth and/or fed-batch medium/media: i) no more than 0.005 gram of yeast extract, and ii) no more than 0.001 gram of CMR agent selected from boric acid and nitrilotriacetic acid, wherein the fed-batch medium when it is present is a medium that supplements the pre-growth and/or growth medium/media, and wherein more nanoparticles are produced in the growth step than in the pre-growth step. 1. A method for producing high purity iron oxide nanoparticles using nanoparticle-producing cells , comprising:a) a pre-growth step comprising amplifying the nanoparticle-producing cell(s) in a pre-growth and/or fed-batch medium/media,andb) a growth step comprising amplifying the nanoparticle-producing cell(s) originating from the pre-growth step in a growth and/or fed-batch medium/media, i) no more than 0.005 gram of yeast extract,', 'and', 'ii) no more than 0.001 gram of CMR agent selected from the group consisting of boric acid and nitrilotriacetic acid,', 'wherein the fed-batch medium when it is present is a medium that supplements the pre-growth and/or growth medium/media, and', 'wherein more nanoparticles are produced in the growth step than in the pre-growth step., 'wherein the pre-growth and/or growth and/or fed-batch medium/media comprise(s), per kilogram or liter of pre-growth and/or growth and/or fed-batch medium/media2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the growth step differs from the pre-growth step by at least one property selected from the group ...

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Номер записи: 90
11-04-2019 дата публикации

FRUSTULES EXTRACTED FROM BENTHIC PENNATE DIATOMS HARVESTED FROM AN INDUSTRIAL BIOFILM PROCESS

Номер: US20190106672A1
Автор: ALLERT Sofie, WULFF Angela
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a method comprising the steps of: culturing benthic pennate diatoms in an industrial biofilm process, wherein in said industrial biofilm process said benthic pennate diatoms are growing on at least one surface in a water-comprising compartment and wherein said benthic pennate diatoms forms a biofilm on said at least one surface; harvesting said benthic pennate diatoms from said at least one surface; and extracting said frustules by separating said frustules from organic biomass comprised in said benthic pennate diatoms. 1. A method obtaining frustules from benthic pennate diatoms comprising the steps of:culturing benthic pennate diatoms in an biofilm process, wherein in said biofilm process said benthic pennate diatoms are growing on at least one surface in a water-comprising compartment and wherein said benthic pennate diatoms form a biofilm on said at least one surface;harvesting said benthic pennate diatoms from said at least one surface, said benthic pennate diatoms being in an exponential growth phase;extracting frustules from the harvested benthic pennate diatoms by separating said frustules from organic biomass comprised in said benthic pennate diatoms.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said water-comprising compartment is a pool.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said water-comprising compartment comprises at least one of:{'sup': 3', '3, 'a nutritious water with a concentration of from 0.01 to 500 g/mnitrogen and/or from 0.01 to 100 g/cmphosphorous and'}{'sub': 2', '3', '2', '2', '3', '2, 'sup': '3', 'a silicon compound, e.g. NaSiO.5HO or NaSiO.9HO added to the water in said water-comprising compartment such that the concentration of silicon oxide in the water in said water-comprising compartment is in the range of 0.01-100 g/cm.'}4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein said culturing is performed in waste water.5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the water is received from a fish farm claim ...

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Номер записи: 91
11-04-2019 дата публикации

Biocementation Methods and Systems

Номер: US20190106716A1
Автор: Ginger K. Dosier, J. Michael DOSIER, Kent J. Smith
Принадлежит: Biomason Inc

The invention is directed to kits, compositions, tools and methods comprising a cyclic industrial process to form biocement. In particular, the invention is directed to materials and methods for decomposing calcium carbonate into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide at an elevated temperature, reacting calcium oxide with ammonium chloride to form calcium chloride, water, and ammonia gas; and reacting ammonia gas and carbon dioxide at high pressure to form urea and water, which are then utilized to form biocement. This cyclic process can be achieved by combining industrial processes with the resulting product as biocement. The process may involve retention of calcium carbonate currently utilized in the manufacture of Portland Cement.

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Номер записи: 92
11-04-2019 дата публикации

Biocementation Method and System

Номер: US20190106717A1
Автор: Dosier Ginger K., Dosier J. Michael, Smith Kent J.
Принадлежит: Biomason, Inc.

The invention is directed to kits, compositions, tools and methods comprising a cyclic industrial process to form biocement. In particular, the invention is directed to materials and methods for decomposing calcium carbonate into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide at an elevated temperature, reacting calcium oxide with ammonium chloride to form calcium chloride, water, and ammonia gas; and reacting ammonia gas and carbon dioxide at high pressure to form urea and water, which are then utilized to form biocement. This cyclic process can be achieved by combining industrial processes with the resulting product as biocement. The process may involve retention of calcium carbonate currently utilized in the manufacture of Portland Cement. 1. A method comprising:loading a solid object with urease-producing organisms and urea-producing organisms;placing the solid object into an environment containing one or more of carbon, nitrogen and calcium; andforming calcium carbonate within the solid object.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein loading with the urease-producing organisms and/or the urea-producing organisms comprises combining the solid object with dry organisms such that the organisms are retained within or on a surface of the solid object.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein loading with the urease-producing organisms and/or the urea-producing organisms comprises placing the solid object in a composition containing the urease-producing organisms and/or the urea-producing organisms.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solid object is loaded with spores and/or vegetative cells of the urease-producing organisms and/or the urea-producing organisms.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solid object comprises a natural or non-natural material claim 1 , recycled or manufactured sand claim 1 , ore claim 1 , a brick claim 1 , a block claim 1 , masonry claim 1 , a panel claim 1 , tile claim 1 , a board claim 1 , rock claim 1 , stone claim 1 , crushed rock claim 1 , crushed stone ...

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Номер записи: 93
30-04-2015 дата публикации

METHOD OF MICROBIALLY PRODUCING METAL GALLATE SPINEL NANO-OBJECTS, AND COMPOSITIONS PRODUCED THEREBY

Номер: US20150118519A1
Автор: Duty Chad E., Ivanov Ilia N., Jellison, JR. Gerald E., KIM Jongsu, Love Lonnie J., Moon Ji Won, PARK Jehong, Phelps Tommy J.
Принадлежит:

A method of forming a metal gallate spinel structure that includes mixing a divalent metal-containing salt and a gallium-containing salt in solution with fermentative or thermophilic bacteria. In the process, the bacteria nucleate metal gallate spinel nano-objects from the divalent metal-containing salt and the gallium-containing salt without requiring reduction of a metal in the solution. The metal gallate spinel structures, as well as light-emitting structures in which they are incorporated, are also described. 1. A method of forming a metal gallate spinel structure , the method comprising:providing a supply of fermentative or thermophilic bacteria;reacting a divalent metal-containing salt and a gallium-containing salt with the supply of fermentative or thermophilic bacteria, wherein treatment of the divalent metal-containing salt and the gallium-containing salt with the fermentative or thermophilic bacteria nucleates a divalent metal gallate spinel structure.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising doping the divalent metal gallate spinel structure with at least one dopant to tune a wavelength of light emission from the divalent metal gallate spinel structure.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fermentative or thermophilic bacteria comprises Thermoanerobacter bacteria claim 1 , Thermoanerobium bacteria claim 1 , or a combination thereof.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the divalent metal-containing salt claim 1 , the gallium-containing salt and the supply of fermentative or thermophilic bacteria are contained in an aqueous solution.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein a zinc gallate spinel structure is formed by selecting the divalent metal-containing salt as a zinc-containing salt claim 1 , wherein treatment of the zinc-containing salt and the gallium-containing salt with the fermentative or thermophilic bacteria nucleates a zinc gallate spinel structure.6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising doping the zinc gallate spinel structure with at least ...

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Номер записи: 94
13-05-2021 дата публикации

PROCESS TO CONVERT A SULPHUR COMPOUND

Номер: US20210139327A1
Автор: BUISMAN Cees Jan Nico, ELZINGA Margo, KLOK Johannes Bernardus Maria, TER HEIJNE Annemiek, WIJNBELT Johannes
Принадлежит: PAQELL B.V.

The invention is directed to a process to convert a sulphur compound to bisulphide by direct or indirect transfer of electrons from a cathode of a bio-electrochemical cell to the sulphur compound under anaerobic conditions and in the presence of mixed culture comprising methanogens and suitably also a anaerobic or facultative anaerobic bacteria. The sulphur compound may be a thiol like methanethiol or ethanethiol or a polysulphide, like dimethyl disulphide. 1. A process for anaerobic bio-electrochemical degradation of an organic sulphur compound to bisulphide , comprisinga) inoculating a bio-electrochemical cell with a mixed culture of microorganisms obtained from an anaerobically grown culture, the mixed culture comprising methanogens ;b) contacting the microorganisms with an organic sulphur compound;c) allowing the microorganisms in the mixed culture to convert the organic sulphur compound to bisulphide by direct or indirect transfer of electrons from a cathode of the bio-electrochemical cell to the sulphur compound under anaerobic conditions.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the anaerobically grown culture is obtained from sludge of an anaerobic bioreactor claim 1 , such as an anaerobic fermenter claim 1 , anaerobic digestion reactor claim 1 , an anaerobic reduction reactor claim 1 , or an anaerobic resource recovery reactor.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the anaerobic bioreactor is an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB).4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the anaerobically grown culture is obtained from a municipal waste water treatment plant.5. The process according to claim 2 , wherein the anaerobic bioreactor was fed with an influent high in methanol.6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the organic sulphur compound is a thiol or a polyorganic polysulphide compound.7. The process according to claim 6 , wherein the thiol compound is ethanethiol or propanethiol.8. The process according to claim 6 , wherein the ...

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Номер записи: 95
09-04-2020 дата публикации

A PROCESS TO CONVERT BISULPHIDE TO ELEMENTAL SULPHUR

Номер: US20200109052A1
Автор: BUISMAN Cees Jan Nico, DE RINK Frederikus, KLOK Johannes Bernardus Maria, TER HEIJNE Annemiek
Принадлежит: PAQELL B.V.

The invention is directed to a control method for a process to convert bisulphide to elemental sulphur in an aqueous solution comprising sulphide-oxidising bacteria wherein the process is controlled by applying a potential between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode or between the anode electrode and the reference electrode of an electrochemical cell resulting in a current between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode, measuring a current as measured by an electrochemical cell and adapting the process in response to the measured current. The process to convert bisulphide may comprise the following steps: (a) contacting bisulphide with oxidised sulphide-oxidising bacteria in the aqueous solution and elemental sulphur, (b) oxidizing the reduced sulphide-oxidising bacteria, (c) using the oxidised sulphide-oxidising bacteria obtained in step (b) in step (a) and (d) isolating elemental sulphur from the aqueous solution obtained in step (a) and/or step (b). 1. A control method for a process to convert bisulphide to elemental sulphur in an aqueous solution comprising sulphide-oxidising bacteria wherein the control method comprisesproviding an electrochemical cell comprising a cathode electrode, an anode electrode and a reference electrode,wherein the electrodes are in contact with the aqueous solution,wherein a potential is applied, the applied potential, between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode or between the anode electrode and the reference electrode resulting in a current between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode,wherein the current is measured running between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode while maintaining a constant potential between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode or while maintaining a constant potential between the anode electrode and the reference electrode,wherein the measured current is a measure of the bioactivity of the sulphide-oxidising bacteria to convert bisulphide to elemental ...

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Номер записи: 96
17-07-2014 дата публикации

HIGH-NITROGEN LOADING FOR AMMONIA PROCESSING VIA ANAEROBIC DIGESTION

Номер: US20140199743A1
Автор: Hughes Keith, Simon Mark
Принадлежит:

A method and system to improve anaerobic digestion are disclosed. Simultaneous digestion of dairy manures with various food wastes improves anaerobic process stability and methane production. Co-digestion with blood meal and sweet clover (“BMSC”) at the proper concentrations improves nutrient balance and digestion, equalization of solids by dilution, biogas production, possible gate fees for waste treatment, additional soil amendment products, reclamation, renewable biomass, and increases the potential for production of ammonia-based fertilizer synthesis. Balanced introduction of BMSC with dairy manure increases methane production, reduces or eliminates co-digestion process limitations, and simplifies storage and delivery of the co-substrate. Following digestion, downstream or back-end products can be produced, including methane, fuel cells, and ammonium nitrate. Embodiments advantageously provide a treatment methodology for increased methane production while minimizing the anaerobic digestion process limitations from the use of raw animal wastes. 115-. (canceled)16. A system for high-nitrogen loading via anaerobic digestion , comprising:an anaerobic digester device comprising a tank reactor;a substrate comprising a waste material having anaerobically biodegradable components fed into said tank reactor of said anaerobic digester; anda protein-rich co-substrate fed into said tank reactor of said anaerobic digester device with said substrate to co-digest said substrate and said co-substrate in said anaerobic digester device to produce a biomass, a biogas, and a waste product, wherein nitrogen in said waste product and a high nitrogen organic and/or inorganic supplements are converted to a material comprising ammonia, wherein elevated ammonia concentrations are produced utilizing methanogens.17. The system of wherein:said co-substrate comprises at least one of blood meal and sweet clover, wherein said co-substrate co-digests with said substrate and provides nitrogen ...

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Номер записи: 97
03-05-2018 дата публикации

Microorganism Loaded Aggregate and Manufacturing Methods

Номер: US20180118623A1
Автор: Arnette Cameron, Dosier Ginger K., Dosier John Michael, Smith Kent J.
Принадлежит: Biomason, Inc.

The invention is directed to compositions, tools and methods for the manufacture of construction materials, masonry, solid structures and compositions to facilitate dust control. More particularly, the invention is directed to the manufacture of bricks, masonry and other solid structures using small amount of aggregate material that is pre-loaded with spores and/or vegetative bacterial cells. 1. A method comprising:adding an aqueous medium to a collection of viable spore-forming bacteria forming an aqueous mixture;incubating the aqueous mixture under conditions that promote spore or vegetative cell formation;mixing the aqueous mixture containing spores or vegetative cells with aggregate particles; andremoving at least a portion of the aqueous mixture to concentrate the spores or vegetative cells with the aggregate.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous medium comprises one or more of salts claim 1 , amino acids claim 1 , proteins claim 1 , peptides claim 1 , carbohydrates claim 1 , saccharides claim 1 , polysaccharides claim 1 , fatty acids claim 1 , oil claim 1 , vitamins and minerals.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein incubating the aqueous mixture is performed under conditions that induce spore formation or vegetative cell formation.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous medium does not contain urea.5Sporosarcina pasteurii, Sporosarcina ureae, Proteus vulgaris, Bacillus sphaericus, Myxococcus xanthus, Proteus mirabilis, Bacillus megaterium, Helicobacter pylori. The method of claim 1 , wherein the viable spore-forming bacteria comprise one or more strains of claim 1 , and/or a urease and/or a carbonic anhydrase producing microorganism.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein incubating is performed at from about 25-40° C.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein incubating is performed from about 6 hours to about 6 days.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein incubating is performed for about 1-3 days.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the conditions comprise a ...

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Номер записи: 98
03-05-2018 дата публикации

Hydrogen sulfide precursors and conjugates thereof

Номер: US20180118674A1
Автор: Bingchen YU, Binghe Wang, Kaili JI, Yueqin Zheng, Zhixiang PAN
Принадлежит: Georgia State University Research Foundation Inc

The present invention provides methods of forming hydrogen sulfide. The methods include contacting a precursor compound with an unmasking agent; wherein the precursor compound comprises a hydrogen sulfide releasing moiety and a masked nucleophile; and wherein the contacting is conducted under conditions sufficient for cyclization of the precursor compound via lactone or lactam formation; thereby releasing hydrogen sulfide from the precursor compound. Hydrogen sulfide precursor compounds according to Formula I are also described, as well as methods for treating diseases and conditions using hydrogen sulfide precursors.

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Номер записи: 99
03-05-2018 дата публикации

Cementation Methods

Номер: US20180119185A1
Автор: Hamdan Nasser, Kavazanjian Edward
Принадлежит: Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of Arizona Stat e University

The present invention provides methods for mineral precipitation and/or cementation of permeable or fractured non-porous materials using isolated urease. 1. A mineral precipitation and/or cementation method , comprising combining a column of a permeable starting material or a column of a non-porous but fractured starting material with a mixture comprising:(a) isolated urease;(b) urea;(c) a source of divalent cations; and(d) an organic additivewherein (a), (b), (c) and (d) are provided in amounts effective and the combining is carried out under conditions suitable to cause carbonate precipitation and/or cementation of the starting material within the column.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the methods are used for one or more of improving bearing capacity of foundations; reducing settlement potential of foundations or embankments; increasing lateral resistance of foundations; enhancing stability of slopes or embankments; reducing lateral earth pressures on retaining walls; increasing passive resistance of retaining walls; increasing capacity of ground anchors or soil nails; increasing the side resistance and tip resistance of deep foundations; facilitating tunneling in running or flowing ground; stabilizing excavations bottoms; soil erosion control; and groundwater control.3. The method of wherein the starting material is selected from the group consisting of sand claim 1 , silt claim 1 , soil claim 1 , clay claim 1 , sediments claim 1 , sawdust claim 1 , fractured crystalline rocks claim 1 , cracked concrete and sedimentary rocks including but not limited to conglomerate claim 1 , breccia claim 1 , sandstone claim 1 , siltstone claim 1 , shale claim 1 , limestone claim 1 , gypsum claim 1 , and dolostone.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the isolated urease comprises jack bean urease.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the source of divalent cations comprises a source of divalent calcium ions.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the combining step is carried out more ...

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Номер записи: 100