ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ НЕИОННЫХ ПОВЕРХНОСТНО-АКТИВНЫХ ВЕЩЕСТВ ПРИ ПОЛУЧЕНИИ МЕТАЛЛОВ ЭЛЕКТРОЛИЗОМ

Группа изобретений относится к электролитической обработке металлсодержащих растворов, в которой используют, по меньшей мере, одно неионное поверхностно-активное вещество (ПАВ) в электролитическом растворе. При этом используют ПАВ, которое снижает поверхностное натяжение на величину от 20 до 60% электролитического раствора и при концентрации ПАВ 0,2 мас.% и при температуре 24°С в водном растворе с 190 г/л серной кислоты и 157 г/л сульфата меди, который разбавлен водой в соотношении 1:10. Изобретение пригодно для экстракции или очистки металлов, таких как медь, хром, никель, цинк, золото и серебро. Техническим результатом является исключение образования тумана при электролизе кислых растворов для улучшения свойств выделяемого металла. 3 н. и 14 з.п. ф-лы, 2 табл.

Способ электролитического рафинирования меди

Изобретение относится к электролитическому рафинированию меди, содержащей примеси в количестве до 2 мас.%. Способ включает формирование из меди анода и электролитическое растворение анода в сернокислотном растворе с осаждением катодной меди. Формируют насыпной анод из гранул меди крупностью 0,5-20,0 мм. Электролитическое растворение анода ведут при наложении постоянного анодного тока плотностью 50,0-100,0 А/м2 с получением катодного осадка в виде порошка меди. Формирование насыпного анода ведут из гранул, полученных водной грануляцией расплава анодной меди. Обеспечивается исключение образования оборотных материалов в виде остатков анодов. 1 з.п. ф-лы, 1 ил., 1 табл.

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ МЕДНОЙ ПРОВОЛОКИ

Способ может быть использован для получения медной проволоки непосредственно из медьсодержащего материала. Заявленный способ включает сочетание трех отдельных технологий получения медной проволоки непосредственно из относительно загрязненного источника меди, например медной руды или медьсодержащих отходов. Первая из этих технологий включает экстракцию растворителем, вторая - электроосаждение и третья - обработку металла. Изобретение позволяет получить медную проволоку более простым и дешевым способом по сравнению с известными способами, 9 з.п.ф-лы, 3 ил.

СПОСОБ ЭЛЕКТРОЛИЗА И ЭЛЕКТРОЛИЗЕР ДЛЯ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ В НЕМ

... 1. Способ электролиза для извлечения металла из водного раствора, согласно которому при электролизе вызывают осаждение растворенного металла на поверхности осаждения катода, включающий в себя этап создания неравномерной плотности тока по поверхности осаждения таким образом, чтобы сформировать участки высокой плотности тока, перемеженные участками низкой плотности тока, при этом различие между участками высокой плотности тока и низкой плотности тока является достаточным для того, чтобы вызвать концентрирование осаждения металла на участках высокой плотности тока для способствования неравномерному осаждению металла по поверхности осаждения. 2. Способ по п.1, в котором участки высокой плотности тока и низкой плотности тока вытянуты вдоль поверхности в одном направлении и чередуются по поверхности в накрест лежащем направлении. 3. Способ по п.1 или 2, который предназначен для извлечения меди из водного раствора, и плотность тока на участках высокой плотности тока находится в диапазоне 500-2500 ...

СПОСОБ ВЫЩЕЛАЧИВАНИЯ ОКСИДА МЕДИ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ НЕЗАГРЯЗНЯЮЩЕГО ОРГАНИЧЕСКОГО ВЫЩЕЛАЧИВАЮЩЕГО АГЕНТА ВМЕСТО СЕРНОЙ КИСЛОТЫ

... 1. Гидрометаллургический способ выщелачивания окисленных медных руд, который позволяет изготавливать медные катоды, листы или цементационную медь, использует органический незагрязняющий выщелачивающий агент и включает в себя следующие стадии:a) выщелачивание окисленной медной руды, при этом добытую руду подвергают первичному, вторичному и третичному размолу для ее классификации, затем подают на агломерацию для пропитки ее выщелачивающим агентом, который представляет собой водный раствор, состоящий из трикарбоновой кислоты (СНО) в смеси с водой (HO), и имеет рН в диапазоне от 1,0 до 5,0, пропитанную руду транспортируют и укладывают в штабели для выщелачивания, которые орошают указанным выщелачивающим агентом, при этом орошение проводят, разделив штабели на секторы, которые последовательно орошают выщелачивающим агентом, что позволяет получить концентрированный цитрат меди;b) электроосаждение полученного цитрата меди, который подают с определенной скоростью в электролизные ванны, в которых ...

КАТОД И СПОСОБ ЕГО ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ

... 1. Электрод для электролиза, содержащий:токопроводящую штангу; ипластину, прикрепленную к токопроводящей штанге;при этом, по меньшей мере, часть токопроводящей штанги опускается ниже верхнего края пластины.2. Электрод по п. 1, причем, по меньшей мере, верхняя часть токопроводящей штанги опускается ниже верхнего края пластины.3. Электрод по любому из п. 1 или 2, причем указанный электрод представляет собой катод, используемый в электролитических процессах для производства меди.4. Электрод по любому из п. 1 или 2, причем токопроводящая штанга выполнена из нержавеющей стали.5. Электрод по любому из п. 1 или 2, отличающаяся тем, что токопроводящая штанга изготовлена профилированием на роликовой листогибочной машине листового материала роликами.6. Электрод для электролиза, содержащий:токопроводящую штангу; ипластину, прикрепленную к токопроводящей штанге;при этом токопроводящая штанга содержит прикрепленный к ней токопроводящий элемент, который повышает проводимость токопроводящей штанги.7.

Анод для электролитического рафинирования меди

Изобретение относится к конструкции анода для электролитического рафинирования меди. Цель изобретения - увеличение срока . За счет выполнения выступов в нижней части анодного полотна в виде четырехугольника с двумя параллельными горизонтальными сторонами неравного размера -длинной и короткой, соединенными стороной, образующей тупой угол с короткой горизонтальной стороной, увеличивается срок службы анода до его полного растворения , сокращается объем электродного металла, идущего на переплав. 1 ил.

Verfahren zur Zerlegung von Metallsalzloesungen

VERFAHREN ZUR GEWINNUNG VON KUPFER UND NICKEL AUS LEGIERUNGEN

Verfahren zur Aufarbeitung von Abfaellen aus Eisen, die mit Kupfer oder Kupferlegierungen plattiert sind

Verfahren zur Abtrennung von Störelementen aus Wertmetall-Lösungen

A process is disclosed for separating the disturbing elements arsenic, and if necessary antimony, iron or bismuth, from strongly mineral acid solutions by way of solvent extraction with organic solutions of hydroxamic acids, and for selectively separating the disturbing elements from each other. Arsenic is stripped with an aqueous solution containing valuable metal ions at a higher pH value in the 1.5 to 5 range, and antimony, iron or bismuth are stripped with these complexing acids.

Improvements relating to the recovery of metals from base metal nitrates

In a method of treating a concentrated solution of base metal nitrates containing copper nitrate as an important constituent, the metals are largely precipitated and separated as sulphates by the addition of an excess of sulphuric acid, the nitric acid liberated is recovered by distillation of the mother liquor, and the copper is recovered as such or as its sulphate from the mixed sulphate crystals. The mixed crystals may be dissolved in water and the copper removed electrolytically (see Group XXXVI). Specification 643,667, [Group XXXVI], is referred to.

Improvements in Processes for Extracting Metals from Ores.

... 27,344. Mackay, H. S. Dec. 6. Metals, obtaining; electrolytes, circulating.- Copper and other ores, particularly sulphide ores which have been roasted at 500‹ C., are leached with a weak solution of ferric chloride and of one or more chlorine acids; the amount of iron present in the solution may be one per cent. The solution is then electrolyzed, to remove copper or other metal and regenerate the original compounds, after which it may pass again through the same operations. The solution may be kept supplied with small quantities of common salt, and is occasionally diluted if necessary. The solution may initially be made in two electrolytic cells 4, 19, the cell 4 having iron anodes or being supplied with iron salts, and the cell 19 having insoluble anodes. Both cells have diaphragms. Seawater is fed from a tank 1 to the cell 4, the anode and cathode liquids being run to separate tanks 13, 14, pumped to tanks 17, 18, and directed into the anode and cathode compartments of the cell 19. The ...

APPARATUS FOR THE CONTINUOUS MANUFACTURE OF COPPER ANODES FOR ELECTROLYTIC REFINING

... 1388069 Making anodes for electrolytic refining ONAHAMA SEIREN KK 10 Jan 1973 [10 Jan 1972] 1431/73 Heading B3A [Also in Division C7] Apparatus for the manufacture of copper anodes for electrolytic refining comprises, means for storing copper strip 7, Fig. 4, in a loop, means 11 for intermittently advancing the strip and simultaneously straightening it, a blanking press 12, Fig. 5, for cutting a plurality of anode plates 4 each with a pair of side lugs 5 from the strip, a pusher 15 to move the plates on to diverging conveyer means 16, 16a which pass the plates through a cooling chamber 18, means for rejecting defective anodes, means for receiving and stacking the accepted anodes, Fig. 8, and pallet means 26 for receiving and transferring the stacked anodes away from the apparatus. The strip 7 is received from continuous casting apparatus and passes through pinch rolls 6 on to a pair of pivotable tables 8. The tables pivot downwardly by the weight of the strip acting against a balancer 9 ...

SELECTIVE REMOVAL OF NICKEL FROM AN ORGANIC OXIME EXTRACTANT

... 1438816 Stripping Ni from oxime solutions KENNECOTT COPPER CORP 27 June 1973 [28 June 1972] 30579/73 Heading C1A Ni is selectively removed from an organic oxime solution containing Ni and Cu by contacting with an aqueous acid solution and subsequent recovery, the mole ratio of H ion in the aqueous solution to Ni ion in the oxime extractant being maintained between 1À8 and 2À2 Cu may subsequently be extracted from the Ni boron oxime solution by stripping with acid. The oxime may be a substituted hydroxy benzophenoxime, an -hydroxy-oxime or a mixture of these. The acid stripping solution may contain H 2 SO 4 , HCl, HNO 3 or a mixture and 10-60 g./litre Ni. The recovery of Ni may be by electrowinning carried out in the presence of boric acid and a salt such as NaSO 4 or NaCl and the resulting barron solution recycled to the stripping step. The oxime solution may contain 2-25% oxime in, e.g. kerosene, where a mixture of oximes is used the -hydroxyoxime may be from 1 to 100% of the weight of ...

REMOVING ARSENIC FROM SULPHURIC-ACID SOLUTION

ELECTROLYTIC REFINING OF COPPER

... 1445408 Spray-producers BICC Ltd 8 Nov 1974 [8 Aug 1973] 37598/73 Heading B2F [Also in Division C7] An electrostatic spray gun has an orifice 3 with a lateral slot 4 for producing a fan spray, a needle electrode 5 being located above the plane of the discharge and outside the width subtended thereby (which may be 85-100‹). The orifice may have area 0.06- 0.22 mm2. More than one gun may be used.

Improvements in or relating to the electrolytic refining of copper

... 264,116. Siemens & Halske Akt.- Ges. Jan. 6, 1926, [Convention date]. Copper and other metals, depositing.-In the refining of copper and alloys of copper with nickel, cobalt, zinc, tin, or other metals, the electrolyte consisting of cuprous chloride solution is either continuously or from time to time removed from the cell and led to a vessel where it is converted into cupric chloride by blowing in air or chlorine, the cupric chloride thereupon dissolving copper contained in the vessel in the form of granular or strips. The electrolyte is passed through a further vessel containing copper to complete the reduction of the cupric chloride before return to the cell. A small quantity of hydrochloric acid is added to the electrolyte during oxidation. A colloid such as gelatine is added to the electrolyte in order to obtain good deposits. The invention is particularly applicable to the refining of copper alloys containing considerable proportions of foreign metals, e.g. an alloy containing 70 ...

Gas sparger

A gas sparger is provided for causing turbulence and hence good mass transfer in an electrolyte at an electrode surface, by generating a stream of bubbles past it. The sparger consists of a tube part of which is a rigid body and part of which is a microporous hydrophobic PVC battery-separator-quality membrane. The tube is fed by nitrogen at an overpressure of preferably 1 atmosphere and the pores of the membrane are preferably from 1 to 100 microns.

Electrowinning cell

An electrowinning cell, having a tank 20 with an opened upper end defined by a tank edge, electrolyte within the tank and a plurality of flat, metallic electrode plates (40, 50 fig 2) disposed within the tank in side-by-side, spaced-apart, parallel relationship. Adjacent electrode plates define an electrode gap therebetween. An injector manifold 96 is disposed at the bottom of the tank for feeding electrolyte into the tank at locations through inlets 98 below the electrode plates. A collector grid, comprised of a plurality of collectors having ports 106, define an upper level of electrolyte by collecting the electrolyte from the tank. The ports are disposed in spaced-apart relationship within the open upper end defined by the tank edge. The collector grid and the injector creating a flow of electrolyte upward between the plates as the electrolyte flows from the manifold locations below the plates to the ports.

Process and installation for the electrolytic extraction of tin contained in bronzes, recovering copper at the same time

... 227,125. Scarpa, O. Jan. 5, 1924, [Convention date]. Copper sulphate; tin oxide.-In the recovery of tin and copper from bronze by electrolytic deposition of the copper in a copper sulphate bath, the spent electrolyte, containing oxygenated tin compounds in colloidal solution, is withdrawn from the cell and heated, and is either diluted or the acid therein partially or completely neutralized in order to precipitate or coagulate the tin compounds. The neutralization may be effected by sodium or other alkaline hydroxide or carbonate or by copper oxide, hydroxide, or carbonate, or by mixtures of these. An improved deposit of copper is obtained by this means. In the arrangement of plant shown, the spent electrolyte is circulated by a pump 2 to a container 20, whence part of it passes by a pipe 15 to a tank 12', where it is heated at a temperature near its boiling point and diluted. It then passes through a high-speed centrifuge 7, where the precipitated matter is removed, to an evaporator 11 ...

Improvements in separation of copper and nickel

... 569,338. Recovering copper &c. BOLTON & SONS, Ltd., T., and DOLPHIN, H. E. April 1, 1941, Nos. 4331/41 and 3575/42. [Class 41] Small fragments of material of or containing copper such as bullets (containing copper, nickel, aluminium and lead), or copper scrap, are collectively made the anode in a hot acid bath containing copper sulphate, the copper being deposited on copper cathode sheets. The fragments are disposed in a perforated container 2 of inert material such as lead, preferably hardened with antimony or tellurium, a copper contact plate 3 being inserted in the bullets and insulated at 7 from the cathode bus-bar 6. The lead and aluminium may be previously removed from the bullets respec. tively by heating and by digesting with hot caustic soda. Nickel passes into solution as nickel sulphate and may be either crystallized out or electrolyzed with an insoluble anode. The copper left in solution is recovered either by electrolysis with a nickel or nickel alloy anode or by boiling in ...

Process for the recovery of copper and cobalt from a material sample

METHOD FOR ELECTROCHEMICALLY WINNING OR REFINING COPPER

... 1491536 Electro-refining or -winning copper NATIONAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR METALS 26 March 1975 [30 March 1974] 12735/75 Heading C7B Cu is electro-chemically refined or won without an external supply of electric power by feeding preferably continuously an aqueous catholyte solution 5 of Cu ions maintained at pH -1 to 5 and an aqueous anolyte suspension 9 of matte, white metal or blister Cu or Fe(OH) 2 particles 10 maintained at pH 8 to 14 in a cathode compartment 3 and an anode compartment 4 of a cell partitioned by a diaphragm 2, and short-circuiting with a conductor 11 a cathode 6 and an anode 7 dipping into the acid solution 5 and alkaline suspension 9, to precipitate pure Cu on the cathode. Pure Cu particles 20 may be suspended in the solution 5 to precipitate pure Cu thereon. The cell can be a low-voltage D.C. source. The cathode 6 may be a Cu, steel or Ti plate. The anode 7 may be a mesh or lattice plate of Pt e.g. gauze or C, or may be oxide coated or Pt plated. The diaphragm 2 ...

METHOD OF RECOVERING COPPER AND PRECIOUS METALS

PRODUCTION OF METAL FROM MINERALS

Process for recovery of copper from copper-bearingmaterial using pressure leaching, direct electrowinning and solvent/solution extraction

Process for multiple stage direct electrowinning of copper

Method and apparatus for electrowinning copper using the ferrous/ferric anode reaction.

Method of metal preparation of copper.

Stainless steel electrolytic plates

Leaching process for copper concentrates containing arsenic and antimony compounds.

COPPER PROCESSING METHOD

Method and apparatus for electrowinning copper using the ferrous/ferric anode reaction.

Method and apparatus for mineral recovery.

A method of electrowinning a mineral from an ore body is disclosed, the method Including recirculating a leaching solutlon [36] through leaching means [18] and solvent extraction means [58] whereby soluble mineral la leached from that ore body and dissolved into the leaching solution; recirculating a solvent [37] through the solvent extraction means [56] and stripping means [57] whereby selected soluble mineral dissolved In the leaching solution is extracted into the solvent from the leaching solution; recirculating an electrolyte [38] through the stripping means [57] and a mineral extraction cell assembly [10] whereby the selected soluble mineral is stripped from the solvent into the electrolyte [38], and applying an electric current to the mineral extraction call assembly [10] and wherein said mineral extraction cell assembly [10] includes a stationary elongate housing [11] having a conductive inner surface [12], closure assemblies [13, 14] removably mounted to each end of the stationary ...

Production of metal from minerals

A process for production ...

METHOD OF RECOVERING COPPER AND PRECIOUS METALS

Device for monitoring current distribution in interconnected electrolytics cells

COPPER PROCESSING METHOD

ELECTROLYTIC CELL FOR METAL ELECTROWINNING

DEVICE AND PROCESS FOR INDUCTIVELY SUPPRESSING ACID MIST FROM ELECTROWINNING

SYSTEM FOR EVALUATION OF CURRENT DISTRIBUTION IN ELECTRODES OF ELECTROCHEMICAL PLANTS

HEAP LEACHING OF COPPER

Stainless steel electrolytic plates.

Process for recovery of copper from copper-bearingmaterial using pressure leaching, direct electrow inning and solvent/solution extraction.

System and method for producing copper powder by electrowinning in a flow-through electrowinning cell.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MINERAL RECOVERY

PRODUCTION OF METAL FROM MINERALS

Double contact bar insulator assembly for electro winning of a metal and methods of use thereof

Stainless steel electrolytic plates

Process for multiple stage direct electrowinning of copper

Process for recovery of copper from copper-bearingmaterial using pressure leaching, direct electrowinning and solvent/solution extraction

Method and apparatus for electrowinning copper using the ferrous/ferric anode reaction.

SOLVENT EXTRACTION SETTLER ARRANGEMENT

CELL FOR METAL ELECTROWINNING

METHOD OF SUPERIMPOSING ALTERNATING CURRENT ON DIRECT CURRENT IN ELECTROLYTIC METHODS

ANODE STRUCTURE FOR METAL ELECTROWINNING CELLS

Electrolytic cell for metal electrowinning

Method and apparatus for electrowinning copper using an atmospheric leach with ferrous/ferric anode reaction electrowinning

System and method for producing copper powder by eletrowinning in a flow-through electrowinning cell

A cathode and method of manufacturing

Process for recovery of copper from copper-bearingmaterial using pressure leaching, direct electrowinning and solvent/solution extraction

COPPER PROCESSING METHOD

Process for multiple stage direct electrowinning of copper

Leaching process for copper concentrates containing arsenic and antimony compounds.

Process of extraction per copper electrolysis contained in solids.

Process of extraction of the ore copper or concentrates containing of copper and iron.

METHOD OF SUPERIMPOSING ALTERNATING CURRENT ON DIRECT CURRENT IN ELECTROLYTIC METHODS

A cathode and method of manufacturing

DEVICE AND PROCESS FOR INDUCTIVELY SUPPRESSING ACID MIST FROM ELECTROWINNING

ELECTROLYTIC CELL FOR METAL ELECTROWINNING

ANODE STRUCTURE FOR METAL ELECTROWINNING CELLS

SYSTEM FOR EVALUATION OF CURRENT DISTRIBUTION IN ELECTRODES OF ELECTROCHEMICAL PLANTS

System and method for producing copper powder by eletrowinning in a flow-through electrowinning cell

HEAP LEACHING OF COPPER

CELL FOR METAL ELECTROWINNING

Electrolytic cell for metal electrowinning

ANODE STRUCTURE FOR METAL ELECTROWINNING CELLS

METHOD OF RECOVERING COPPER AND PRECIOUS METALS

ELECTROLYTIC CELL FOR METAL ELECTROWINNING

SOLVENT EXTRACTION SETTLER ARRANGEMENT

Device for monitoring current distribution in interconnected electrolytics cells

A cathode and method of manufacturing

DEVICE AND PROCESS FOR INDUCTIVELY SUPPRESSING ACID MIST FROM ELECTROWINNING

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MINERAL RECOVERY

METHOD OF SUPERIMPOSING ALTERNATING CURRENT ON DIRECT CURRENT IN ELECTROLYTIC METHODS

Method and apparatus for electrowinning copper using the ferrous/ferric anode reaction.

Process for multiple stage direct electrowinning of copper

Method and apparatus for electrowinning copper using an atmospheric leach with ferrous/ferric anode reaction electrowinning

SOLVENT EXTRACTION SETTLER ARRANGEMENT

Device for monitoring current distribution in interconnected electrolytics cells

Electrolytic cell for metal electrowinning

HEAP LEACHING OF COPPER

Leaching process for copper concentrates containing arsenic and antimony compounds.

System and method for producing copper powder by eletrowinning in a flow-through electrowinning cell

SYSTEM FOR EVALUATION OF CURRENT DISTRIBUTION IN ELECTRODES OF ELECTROCHEMICAL PLANTS

CELL FOR METAL ELECTROWINNING

Double contact bar insulator assembly for electro winning of a metal and methods of use thereof

Sulfonate- or sulfate-capped anti-misting agents

Sulfonate- or sulfate-capped, alkoxylated anti-misting agents having the structures: R((AO) n X) m ((AO) n H) p and R 3 C(O)NH(CH 2 ) z N + (CH 3 ) 2 CH 2 CHR 4 CH 2 SO 3 − , and to methods of suppressing mist from electrolyte solutions by adding a mist-suppressing amount of one or more of said compounds to electrolyte solutions.

Complete non-cyanogens wet process for green recycling of waste printed circuit board

The invention related to the recycling field of waste printed circuit boards (WPCB), and especially involved a complete non-cyanogens wet process for green recycling of WPCB, which belonged to the field of recycle economy. In the invention, the process included that WPCB were broken by the jaw crusher, and then mixed copper powders and nonmetallic powders were separated by the method of air classification, the mixed copper powders were smelted and casted to get copper anode plates, the copper was purified by electrolytion, the valuable metals (such as copper, gold, silver, platinum and palladium, lead and tin) were recycled from the copper anode slime, and the waste water was recycled. The recovery ratio of all-metal was above 98%. The purity of the cathode copper was up to 4N level. The ratio of de-coppering was above 96%. The recovery ratio of gold was above 98.

Acid Mist Mitigation Agents for Electrolyte Solutions

Sulfonate-, sulfate-, or carboxylate-capped, alkoxylated anti-misting agents having the structure: R((AO) n X) m ((AO) n H) p , and methods of suppressing mist from electrolyte solutions by adding a mist-suppressing amount of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds of the Formulas R((AO) n X) m ((AO) n H) p and R 3 N + (CH 3 ) 2 R 4 , and mixtures thereof, to electrolyte solutions.

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR RECOVERING RHENIUM FROM A COPPER LEACH

Various embodiments provide new methods of rhenium recovery. The methods can include subjecting a metal-bearing solution to an activated carbon bed, and adsorbing rhenium onto the activated carbon. The methods can also include heating a basic aqueous elution solution and eluting the rhenium from the activated carbon with the heated elution solution. The methods can also incorporate an ion exchange as a rhenium recovery apparatus. 1. A method for recovering rhenium , the method comprising:feeding a metal-bearing leach solution comprising rhenium and copper over activated carbon to produce a remainder solution;feeding said remainder solution into an ion exchange to produce an electrowinning solution;recovering copper from the electrowinning solution; andrecovering rhenium from at least one of the activated carbon and the ion exchange.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the recovering of rhenium from the activated carbon further comprises:adsorbing said rhenium onto said activated carbon;heating a basic aqueous solution to a temperature greater than about 105° C.; andrecovering said rhenium by eluting said rhenium from said activated carbon with said basic aqueous solution.3. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising leaching a metal-bearing material to yield said metal-bearing each solution.4. The method according to claim 2 , wherein said basic aqueous solution comprises a hydroxide salt.5. The method according to claim 7 , wherein said hydroxide salt is at least one of sodium hydroxide claim 7 , ammonium hydroxide claim 7 , lithium hydroxide claim 7 , and potassium hydroxide.6. The method according to claim 8 , wherein said hydroxide salt is present in said basic aqueous solution in an amount from about 0.2% to about 5%.7. The method according to claim 7 , wherein said hydroxide salt is sodium hydroxide in an amount from about 0.5% to about 2.5%8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said leach solution comprises less than 1 mg/L rhenium.9. ...

High Purity Copper and Method of Producing High Purity Copper Based on Electrolysis

High purity copper having a purity of 6N or higher, wherein content of each of the respective components of P, S, 0, and C is 1 ppm or less, and nonmetal inclusions having a particle size of 0.5 μm or more and 20 μm or less contained in the copper are 10,000 inclusions/g or less. As a result of using high purity copper or high purity copper alloy as the raw material from which harmful P, S, C, O-based inclusions have been reduced and controlling the existence form of nonmetal inclusions, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of rupture of a bonding wire and improve the reproducibility of mechanical properties, or reduce the percent defect of a semiconductor device wiring formed by sputtering a high purity copper target with favorable reproducibility. 1. A method of producing high purity copper based on electrolysis , wherein electrolysis is performed by providing a partition between a cathode and an anode , and , upon supplying electrolyte extracted from an electrolytic cell on the anode side or additional electrolyte to an electrolytic cell on the cathode side , passing the electrolyte through an activated carbon filter immediately before supplying it to the electrolytic cell on the cathode side , and thereafter supplying the electrolyte to the electrolytic cell on the cathode side.2. The method of producing high purity copper based on electrolysis according to claim 1 , wherein a purity of 6N or higher claim 1 , content of each of the respective components of P claim 1 , S claim 1 , O claim 1 , and C being 1 ppm or less claim 1 , and nonmetal inclusions having a particle size of 0.5 μm or more and 20 μm or less contained in the copper being 10 claim 1 ,000 inclusions/g or less are achieved based on electrolysis.3. The method of producing high purity copper based on electrolysis according to claim 1 , wherein inclusions of carbon or carbide having a particle size of 0.5 μm or more and 20 μm or less contained in the copper are made to be 5 claim 1 ,000 inclusions/ ...

COPPER OR COPPER REDUCED IN ALPHA RAY EMISSION, AND BONDING WIRE OBTAINED FROM THE COPPER OR COPPER ALLOY AS RAW MATERIAL

Copper or a copper alloy characterized in having an α-ray emission of 0.001 cph/cmor less. Since recent semiconductor devices are produced to have higher density and higher capacity, there is greater risk of soft errors caused by the influence of α rays emitted from materials positioned near semiconductor chips. In particular, there are strong demands for achieving higher purification of copper and copper alloys which are used near the semiconductor device, such as copper or copper alloy wiring lines, copper or copper alloy bonding wires, and soldering materials, and materials reduced in α-ray emission are also demanded. Thus, the present invention elucidates the phenomenon in which α rays are emitted from copper or copper alloys, and provides copper or copper alloy reduced in α-ray emission which is adaptable to the demanded material, and a bonding wire in which such copper or copper alloy is used as its raw material. 1. Copper or a copper alloy , wherein an α-ray emission of a sample after being subject to melting/casting is 0.001 cph/cmor less , Pb content including Pb as an isotope of Pb is less than 0.01 ppm , U content is less than 5 wtppb , and Th content is less than 5 wtppb.2. The copper or a copper alloy according to claim 1 , wherein respective α-ray emissions of samples 1 week after claim 1 , 3 weeks after claim 1 , 1 month after claim 1 , 2 months after claim 1 , 6 months after and 30 months after the melting/casting are 0.001 cph/cmor less.3. The copper or copper alloy according to claim 1 , wherein the purity is 4N (99.99%) or higher.4. (canceled)5. A bonding wire made of copper or copper alloy in which an α-ray emission of a sample of the copper or copper alloy after being subject to melting/casting is 0.001 cph/cmor less claim 1 , Pb content including Pb as an isotope of Pb is less than 0.01 ppm claim 1 , U content is less than 5 wtppb claim 1 , and Th content is less than 5 wtppb.6. The bonding wire according to claim 5 , wherein the purity of the ...

Anode for electrowinning and method for electrowinning using same

Provided is an anode for electrowinning in a sulfuric acid based electrolytic solution. The anode produces oxygen at a lower potential than a lead electrode, lead alloy electrode, and coated titanium electrode, thereby enabling electrowinning to be performed at a reduced electrolytic voltage and the electric power consumption rate of a desired metal to be reduced. The anode is also available as an anode for electrowinning various types of metals in volume with efficiency. The anode is employed for electrowinning in a sulfuric acid based electrolytic solution and adopted such that a catalyst layer containing amorphous ruthenium oxide and amorphous tantalum oxide is formed on a conductive substrate.

DEVICE FOR MONITORING CURRENT DISTRIBUTION IN INTERCONNECTED ELECTROLYTIC CELLS

The present invention relates to a device for the continuous monitoring of current distribution in the cathodes and anodes of an electrolyser comprised of at least two adjacent electrolytic cells, each containing a multiplicity of said cathodes and anodes. The device according to the invention is composed essentially of at least one current-collecting bus-bar having housings suitable for supporting the electrodes and a base of insulating material whereon the bus-bar abuts. The base has integrated probes for measuring voltage. The invention also relates to a permanent monitoring system allowing to evaluate in continuous current distribution on each electrode in cells used in particular in metal electrowinning or electrorefining. The invention also relates to a method for retrofitting of an electrolyser comprising the replacement of an existing insulating base with a new base element having integrated probes for measuring voltage. 1. Device for continuously monitoring current distribution in cathodes and anodes of an electrolyser consisting of at least two adjacent electrolysis cells , each containing a multiplicity of said cathodes and anodes , said device comprising at least one inter-cell current collecting bus-bar and at least one base element , said inter-cell current collecting bus-bar consisting of an elongated main body of homogeneous electrical conductivity , said body comprising housings for supporting said cathodes and/or anodes and establishing an electrical contact therewith , said housings being evenly spaced apart , said inter-cell current collecting bus-bar abutting on said at least one base element made of insulating material equipped with integrated probes for detecting an electrical voltage and for establishing electrical contacts in correspondence of said housings of said inter-cell current collecting bus-bar , wherein said probes for detecting an electrical voltage and establishing electrical contacts are equipped with a retractable tip in ...

Measurement of electric current in an individual electrode in an electrolysis system

The invention relates to a method and current measuring arrangement for measuring electric current flowing in an individual electrode in an electrolysis system. The electrolysis system comprises a plurality of interleaved electrodes ( 1, 2 ), cathodes ( 1 ) and anodes ( 2 ), arranged in an electrolysis cell ( 3 ) and immersed in electrolyte, said electrolysis system having a busbar arrangement ( 4 ) disposed on a separating cell wall ( 5 ) between each of the two adjacent cells. The busbar arrangement comprises an equaliser busbar ( 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 ) to electrically connect anodes in one cell to cathodes in a next cell providing the current with multiple electrical pathways between electrodes, said electrical connection being formed by contact points ( 12 ) between the equaliser busbar ( 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 ) and hanger bars ( 13 ) of the electrodes. The electric current in the equaliser busbar ( 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 ) is measured by magnetic field sensing means ( 15, 16 ) arranged at measuring points ( 14 ) located between each pair of the adjacently neighboring contact points ( 12 ).

Battery recycling with electrolysis of the leach to remove copper impurities

The present disclosure relates to a process for the recovery of transition metals from batteries comprising treating a transition metal material with a leaching agent to yield a leach which contains dissolved copper impurities, and depositing the dissolved copper impurities as elemental copper on a particulate deposition cathode by electrolysis of an electrolyte containing the leach.

Recovery of Copper from Arsenic-Containing Process Feed

Process to recover copper from a process feed including one or more feed components containing a base metal sulphidic feed, iron, copper and arsenic. Process feed and aqueous quench solution are introduced to a pressure oxidative leaching step with a partial pressure of oxygen above 200 kPa to form free sulphuric acid, to solubilize copper and other metal in the feed as aqueous sulphate compounds and to precipitate arsenic as solid iron arsenic compounds. A treated slurry comprising a liquid phase containing sulphuric acid and copper sulphate, and solids containing the iron arsenic compounds is withdrawn and the liquid phase is separated from the solids. To lessen arsenic re-dissolution and to maintain stability of the solid iron arsenic compounds, one or more of temperature, free acid level and residence time of the treated slurry is controlled. Copper metal is recovered from the separated liquid phase.

SYSTEM FOR POWER CONTROL IN CELLS FOR ELECTROLYTIC RECOVERY OF A METAL

Disclosed is a system for electrolytic processing or recovery of a metal from an electrolyte solution. The system may comprise electrolysis cells and a rectifier. The cells may comprise interleaved anodes and cathodes. The anodes or the cathodes of a first cell may have an electrical connection to a terminal of the rectifier, respectively, via a first electrical path having a first resistance. The anodes or the cathodes of a second cell may have an electrical connection to a terminal of the rectifier, respectively, via a second electrical path having a second resistance. The second resistance is configured to be higher than the first resistance. The system may further comprise a channel for electrolyte from the first cell to the second cell, the electrolyte containing the metal in a dissolved ionic form, metal concentration in the first cell being higher than in the second cell. 1. A system for electrolytic processing of a metal , the system comprising a rectifier and at least two electrolysis cells for the metal , wherein the at least two cells comprise at least three anodes and at least two interleaved cathodes , the system being characterized in that:at least one of the anodes and the cathodes of a first cell have an electrical connection to a terminal of the rectifier via a first electrical path having a first resistance;at least one of the anodes and the cathodes of a second cell have an electrical connection to a terminal of the rectifier, respectively, via a second electrical path having a second resistance;the second resistance is configured to be higher than the first resistance; andthe system further comprises a channel for electrolyte from the first cell to the second cell, the electrolyte containing the metal in a dissolved ionic form, metal concentration in the first cell being higher than in the second cell.2. The system according to claim 1 , where the first electrical path and the second electrical path comprise metal conductors.3. The system ...

Inert anode electroplating processor and replenisher

An electroplating processor has a vessel holding an electrolyte. An inert anode in the vessel has an anode wire within an anode membrane tube. A head for holds a wafer in contact with the electrolyte in the vessel. The wafer is connected to a cathode. A catholyte replenisher is connected to the vessel. The catholyte replenisher adds metal ions into the catholyte by moving ions of a bulk metal through a catholyte membrane in the catholyte replenisher.

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING ELECTROLYTIC COPPER

Provided is a method for producing electrolytic copper having a low Ag content by successfully suppressing the Ag concentration in an electrolytic solution. The electrolytic copper production method involves a step in which blister copper comprising Ag is used as an anode, and electrolysis is carried out under sulfuric acid acidity while maintaining the anode electric potential at a relatively low electric potential in comparison to the electric potential of the Ag elution.

ELECTROLYTIC SYSTEM FOR PRECIPITATING METALS AND REGENERATING THE OXIDISING AGENTS USED IN THE LEACHING OF METALS, SCRAP METAL, METAL SULPHURS, SULPHIDE MINERALS, RAW MATERIALS CONTAINING METALS FROM SOLUTIONS FROM LEACHING, INCLUDING A PROCESS FOR COMBINING THE PRECIPITATION AND THE OXIDATION IN A SINGLE STEP, ELIMINATING THE STEPS OF FILTRATION, WASHING, TRANSPORTATION AND MANIPULATION OF HIGHLY TOXIC REAGENTS

The invention relates to a combined electrolytic system for precipitating different types of metals (copper, zinc, nickel, cadmium, cobalt, silver, gold) and regenerating reagents for the leaching of metal sulphurs from solutions from leaching in a sulphuric-oxidising or hydrochloric-oxidising environment, including a process that permits the combining of the current reduction processes followed by oxidising processes which are complex and potentially dangerous from an environmental point of view, thereby preventing the risky transportation of dangerous substances, loading and unloading operations, storage and manipulation of toxic materials, and reducing the environmentally contaminating waste, producing a commercial-quality cathodic product and a solution that is re-used in the leaching process. The system comprises a membrane cell device () that is connected via ducts and valves to one or more oxidising agent tanks (), to one or more anodic solution tanks () and to one or more cathodic solution tanks (), wherein said membrane device () is formed by one or more cathodic compartments () and by one or more anode compartments (), wherein each of the cathodic compartment(s) () is/are separated from each of the anode compartment(s) () by a membrane for selective and uni-directional ion exchange. 1376234545. Combined electrolytic system for precipitating metals of interest and to regenerate oxidising agents used in the leaching of metals , scrap metals , metal sulphurs , sulphide minerals , raw materials containing metals from solutions from leaching that allow precipitation and oxidation in a single step , eliminating the steps of filtration , washing , transport and manipulation of highly toxic reagents , CHARACTERIZED in that it comprises a membrane cell device () connected by means of ducts and valves with one or more oxidising agent tanks () , one or more anodic solution tanks () and one or more cathodic solution tanks () , wherein said membrane device () is ...

ELECTROLYTIC CELL FOR METAL ELECTROWINNING

The invention relates to a cell for metal electrowinning equipped with a device useful for preventing the adverse effects of dendrite growth on the cathodic deposit. The cell comprises a porous conductive screen, positioned between the anode and the cathode, capable of stopping the growth of dendrites and avoiding that they reach the anode surface. 1. Metal electrowinning cell comprising:an anode with a catalytic surface towards oxygen evolution reaction;a cathode suitable for metal deposition from an electrolytic bath, arranged parallel to said anode;{'sup': '2', 'an electrically conductive porous screen interposed between said anode and said cathode, electrically connected to said anode, said porous screen having an oxygen evolution potential at least 100 mV higher than the one of said anode under a current density of 450 A/m.'}2. The cell according to wherein said anode consists of a metal substrate claim 1 , optionally made of titanium claim 1 , coated with a catalyst containing noble metal oxides.3. The cell according to wherein said porous screen consists of a titanium mesh or punched sheet provided with a coating catalytically inert towards oxygen evolution reaction.4. The cell according to wherein said catalytically inert coating comprises tin oxide at a specific loading higher than 5 g/m.5. The cell according to wherein said anode and said porous screen are electrically connected through a resistor having an electrical resistance of 0.01 to 100 Ω.6. The cell according to further comprising a non-conductive porous separator interposed between said anode and said porous screen.7. The cell according to wherein said anode is inserted within an envelope consisting of a permeable separator surmounted by a demister.8. The cell according to wherein said anode and said cathode are arranged at a mutual distance of 25-100 mm and said anode and said porous screen are arranged at a mutual distance of 1-20 mm.9. Anodic device for metal electrowinning cells comprising an ...

LONG-ACTING COMPOSITE-BASKET ANODE COMBINATION DEVICE

A long-acting composite-basket anode combination device comprising an outer frame for combination, two or more composite-basket anodes that allow feeding in batches, and an insoluble anode plate electrically connected with a power supply and mounted on each of the composite-basket anodes; the two or more composite-basket anodes are fixed on the outer frame for combination through a fixing device, respectively, the composite-basket anode includes a basket body, a plug-in strainer and a large-hole pressing plate; the large-hole pressing plate is fitted on both sides of the basket body and fixing the strainer inside the basket body to form a feed bin with an upper end opening. The present invention combines the soluble anode electrolytic refining principle with the two cathode metal production processes, and thus achieving one-step electrolytic refining. 11232121221222323212221. A long-acting composite-basket anode combination device , characterized in that: it comprises an outer frame for combination () , two or more composite-basket anodes () that allow feeding in batches , and an insoluble anode plate () electrically connected with the positive terminal of the power supply and mounted on each of the composite-basket anodes () , the outer frame for combination () being provided with a fixing device , the two or more composite-basket anodes () being fixed on the outer frame for combination () through the fixing device , respectively , the composite-basket anode () including a basket body () , a plug-in strainer () and a large-hole pressing plate () , the large-hole pressing plate () being fitted on both sides of the basket body () and fixing the strainer () inside the basket body () to form a feed bin with an upper end opening.21111. The long-acting composite-basket anode combination device according to claim 1 , characterized in that: the outer frame for combination () is provided at its four corners respectively with a hang ear () used for hanging the outer frame ...

BIOMINING ENHANCEMENT METHOD

A biomining enhancement method for metal sulfide ores using sulfurous acid for microbial leaching of heavy metals into solution for subsequent removal via electro winning, ion exchange, or precipitation with alkaline and nutrient reagents for filtration removal. 1. A biomining enhancement method for metal sulfide ores comprising:{'sub': '2', 'a. applying sufficient sulfurous acid, bisulfites/sulfites, and free SOto the metal sulfide ores to provide electron donors and adjust the pH to that required for microbial leaching of the metal sulfide ores to release metal ions into solution, and'}b. removing the metal ions from solution using electrolysis, ion exchange, and electro winning methods to produce metals.2. A biomining enhancement method for metal sulfide ores according to claim 1 , including adding oxidizing agents to expedite microbial leaching.3Thiobacillus ferrooxidans.. A biomining enhancement method for metal sulfide ores according to claim 1 , including adding ferric ions to the sulfurous acid solution to feed iron-oxidizing bacterium4. A biomining method for metal sulfide ores according to claim 1 , including adding microorganisms to the sulfurous acid solution claim 1 , which reduce metal sulfide ores to release metal ions into solution.5. A biomining enhancement method for metal sulfide ores comprising:{'sub': '2', 'a. applying sufficient sulfurous acid, bisulfites/sulfites, and free SOto the metal sulfide ores to provide electron donors and adjust the pH required for microbial leaching of metal sulfide ores to release metal ions into solution,'}c. adding sufficient complexing agents to the water to precipitate heavy metals for separation, andd. removing the metal ions from solution using electrolysis to produce metals.6. A biomining enhancement method for metal sulfide ores according to claim 5 , including filtering the heavy metal precipitates from the water claim 5 , leaving metal free filtrate with nutrients to aid plants claim 5 , bacteria claim 5 , ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING CATHODE COPPER

Provided is a method for producing cathode copper. The method comprises a smelting step including feeding sulfidic copper bearing material and oxygen-bearing reaction gas into a suspension smelting furnace, to produce blister copper, a fire refining step including feeding blister copper into an anode furnace to produce molten anode copper, an anode casting step to produce cast anodes, a quality checking step for dividing cast anodes into accepted cast anodes and rejected cast anodes, an electrolytic refining step including subjecting accepted cast anodes to electrolytic refining in an electrolytic cell to produce cathode copper and as a by-product, spent cast anodes, and a recycling step for recycling anode copper of rejected cast anodes and anode copper of spent cast anodes. 1. A method for producing cathode copper , wherein the method comprisesa smelting step including feeding sulfidic copper bearing material such as sulfidic copper concentrate or finely ground copper matte and additionally oxygen-bearing reaction gas and slag-forming material into a reaction shaft of a suspension smelting furnace by means of a burner that is arranged at a top of the reaction shaft of the suspension smelting furnace, whereby sulfidic copper bearing material, oxygen-bearing reaction gas and slag-forming material react in the reaction shaft of the suspension smelting furnace into blister copper and slag, and collecting blister copper and slag in a settler of the suspension smelting furnace to form a blister layer containing blister copper and a slag layer containing slag on top of the blister layer in the settler of a suspension smelting furnace,a fire refining step including feeding blister copper obtained in the smelting step into an anode furnace and fire-refining blister copper in the anode furnace producing molten anode copper in the anode furnace,an anode casting step including feeding molten anode copper obtained in the fire refining step into anode casting molds to produce ...

METHOD FOR REGENERATING PLATING LIQUID, PLATING METHOD, AND PLATING APPARATUS

A problem to be solved is to provide a method for regenerating plating liquid from plating waste liquid in a simple and easy way and a plating method utilizing the regenerating method. 1. A plating liquid regenerating method comprising:(i) applying electric current between a plating waste liquid side taken as a cathode and an electrolytic solution side taken as an anode, such that the plating waste liquid and the electrolytic solution are connected through an anion exchanger, wherein the plating waste liquid comprises Fe ions and Cu ions;(ii) separating copper from the plating waste liquid by making a copper deposition electrode as a result of depositing copper on an electrode in contact with the plating waste liquid, to convert the plating waste liquid to a processed remaining liquid, wherein an anode in contact with the electrolytic solution is a copper deposition electrode formed previously;(iii) dissolving copper in the electrolytic solution to generate a copper ion-containing solution; andrepeating (i), (ii) and (iii) one or more times.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plating waste liquid further comprises stannous ions.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:removing iron from the processed remaining liquid by depositing a substance containing iron by taking the processed remaining liquid as a cathode side and new electrolytic solution, connected to the processed remaining liquid through an anion exchanger, as an anode side and then by applying electric current;wherein a solution comprising water is present on the anode side as an electrolytic solution after the iron has been removed from the processed remaining liquid.43. The method of claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 , before the iron is removed from the processed remaining liquid claim 1 , raising a pH by adding an oxygen-containing chemical compound comprising HO claim 1 , Oor HO.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the applied electric current is of an amount that corresponds to the greater ...

Method for Manufacturing a Plate Material for Electrochemical Process

The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a plate material which is used in the electrochemical process of metal as a part of a cathode on which surface a metal is deposited. The surface roughness of the plate material for the adhesion between the metal deposit and the plate material is achieved with at least one treatment in a coil processing line. 1. A method for manufacturing a plate material which is used in the electrochemical process of metal as a part of a cathode on which surface a metal is deposited , the method comprising processing the plate material in a cold rolling process line , wherein a surface roughness of the plate material for the adhesion between the metal deposit and the plate material is provided by at least one treatment in the cold rolling process line.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the surface roughness of the plate material is achieved mechanically.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the surface roughness of the plate material is achieved by wet-grinding.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the surface roughness of the plate material is achieved by dry-grinding.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the surface roughness of the plate material is achieved by shot blasting.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the surface roughness of the plate material is achieved by brushing.7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the surface roughness of the plate material is achieved by pattern rolling.8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the surface roughness of the plate material is achieved chemically.9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the surface roughness of the plate material is achieved mechanically and chemically.10. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the surface roughness of the plate material is achieved by shot blasting and pickling.11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the surface roughness of the plate material is achieved by a combination of the ...

CATHODE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING

An electrode for electrolytic processes, the electrode comprising a conducting bar and a plate attached to the conducting bar, wherein the conducting bar has a conducting member attached thereto to increase the conductivity of the conducting bar. 1. A method of manufacturing a cathode for electrolytic process , the method including the steps of:attaching a conducting member to a side of a planar plate;roll forming a hollow conducting bar from the planar plate, wherein the side of the planar plate to which the conducting member is attached defines an inside surface of the hollow of the conducting bar;attaching a plate to the conducting bar, forming a first and second portion of the conducting bar substantially in axial alignment; and', 'forming a third inclined portion of the conducting bar and a fourth inclined portion of the conducting bar disposed between the first and second portions,, 'wherein the step of roll forming the hollow conducting bar includeswherein the axes of the third inclined portion and fourth inclined portion are angled relative to the axes of the first and second portions.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of attaching the conducting member to the side of the planar plate involves welding the conducting member to the side of the planar plate.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cathode is used for electrolytic processes of copper production.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hollow conducting bar is made of stainless steel.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the third inclined portion and the fourth inclined portion form an obtuse angle.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the third inclined portion and the fourth inclined portion form a right angle or an acute angle.7. A method of manufacturing a hollow conducting bar claim 1 , the method including the steps of:attaching a conducting member to a side of a planar plate; androll forming the hollow conducting bar from the planar plate, wherein the side of the planar plate to which the ...

Anode assembly, system including the assembly, and method of using same

The present invention relates to an anode assembly for use in an electrolytic cell for recovery of metal. The assembly includes a hanger bar, a first perimeter bar, a second perimeter bar, optionally one or more center conductor bars, a base bar, a first tab coupled to the first perimeter bar and/or the base bar, and a second tab coupled to the second perimeter bar and/or the base bar. The assembly may also include insulating separators coupled to the tabs and/or insulators coupled to an active area of the anode assembly. A system includes the anode assembly, a cathode assembly, and a tank.

SAFE ANODE FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS

Safe anode for electrochemical cells, of the type of vertical anodes constituted of a hanging structure based on a first horizontal bar, second vertical distribution bars defined by a copper or aluminum core with a titanium exterior layer, and coated or uncoated titanium anode plates attached to the second distribution bars, on both sides, such that the safe anode incorporates an adapter element that comprises, at least, one current limiter assembly, arranged between, at least, one of the second vertical distribution bars, and, at least, one coated or uncoated titanium anode plate, connecting the vertical distribution bar to the coated or uncoated titanium anode plate. 2. The anode for electrochemical cells according to claim 1 , wherein the adapter element is attached to the vertical distribution bar and to the titanium-coated anode plate.3. The anode for electrochemical cells according to claim 1 , whereinthe adapter element of the anode comprises a titanium strip that holds the at least one current limiter assembly, in such a way that the titanium strip is attached to the vertical distribution bar and the current limiter assembly is attached to the corresponding coated or uncoated titanium anode plate.4. The anode for electrochemical cells according to claim 1 , wherein the adapter element of the anode comprises a titanium strip having two ends that hold two current limiter assemblies claim 1 , one at each end claim 1 , in such a way that the titanium strip is attached to the vertical distribution bar and the pair of current limiter assemblies is attached to the corresponding coated or uncoated titanium anode plate.5. The anode for electrochemical cells according to claim 1 , wherein the adapter element of the anode is attached to the vertical distribution bar defining a slight angle with respect to the vertical plane of the bar claim 1 , in such a way that the coated or uncoated titanium anode plate attached to the current limiter assembly also has the same ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR RECOVERY OF METALS FROM A BODY OF FLUID BY ELECTRODEPOSITION

This disclosure relates to apparatus and methods for recovering metals from fluid body(s) using electrodeposition, for instance for the recovery of metals from underwater/oceanic sources, e.g., in the vicinity of hydrothermal vents. It provides apparatuses for recovering at least one target metal substance from a body of a fluid, comprising: at least one pair (comprising a cathode and an anode) of electrodes, such that when the apparatus is used, at least one pair of the electrodes is presented to the body of fluid; and means for generating an electrical potential difference across the at least one pair of electrodes, so that the potential difference generated across the pair is such as to attract target metal substance(s) present in the body of fluid, for deposition on at least one cathode on the apparatus. It also provides methods for recovering metals from a body of fluid using electrodeposition and the described apparatus. 1. An apparatus for recovering at least one target metal substance from a body of a fluid , the apparatus comprising:(a) at least one pair of electrodes (in which each pair comprises a cathode and an anode), such that when the apparatus is used, at least one pair of the electrodes is presented to the body of fluid; and(b) means for generating an electrical potential difference across the at least one pair of electrodes, when at least one of the pairs of electrodes is presented to the body of fluid, so that the potential difference generated across the pair is such as to attract one or more target metal substance present in the body of fluid, for deposition on at least one cathode on the apparatus.2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , in which the fluid is a liquid.3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 2 , in which the fluid is water.4. An apparatus as claimed in claim 3 , in which the fluid is fresh water.5. An apparatus as claimed in claim 3 , in which the fluid is salt water.6. An apparatus as claimed in claim 3 , in which the fluid ...

REUSABLE ANODE SYSTEM FOR ELECTROREFINING PROCESSES

A reusable anode system for electrorefining processes allows eliminating the excess or scrap and generating a continuous electrorefining process having an increased contact surface between the anode and the electrolyte which comprises: a container () which is made of stainless steel and having the shape of a straight thin rectangular parallelepiped which on its front and rear faces has a plurality of holes () allowing the communication between the outside and inside in such a way the electrolyte is able to enter the container () wherein the upper portion of the container () is projecting higher than the position of the electrical contact bars () by means of projections () extending the inside () of the container () to form an unloading and loading zone and (b) a plurality of copper bars () coming from an extrusion and wire drawing process is grouped inside () of the container. 15-. (canceled)6. A reusable anode system for continuous electrorefining processes comprising:(a) a container which on its front and rear faces has a plurality of holes; and(b) a plurality of copper bars;characterized in that:said container is made of stainless steel and having the shape of a straight rectangular parallelepiped, which upper portion projects higher than the position of the electrical contact bars by means of projections extending the inside of the container to form an unloading and loading zone, said upper portion of said container having an empty space wherein said plurality of copper bars are loaded; andsaid plurality of copper bars coming from an extrusion and wire drawing process, which are grouped inside of said container, wherein said plurality of copper bars forms a surface of wavy shape, and wherein each bar of said plurality of copper bars has a shape of cylinder having a circular cross section and that has a decreased diameter at the bottom of the container. This application is a national phase application based upon priority International PCT Patent Application No. ...

ADDITIVE FOR HIGH-PURITY COPPER ELECTROLYTIC REFINING AND METHOD OF PRODUCING HIGH-PURITY COPPER

The present invention provides an additive for high-purity copper electrolytic refining and a method of producing high-purity copper using the additive. The additive of the present invention for high-purity copper electrolytic refining can be added to a copper electrolyte in electrolytic refining for producing high-purity copper. The additive includes a main agent formed of a non-ionic surfactant which has a hydrophobic group containing an aromatic ring and a hydrophilic group containing a polyoxyalkylene group, and a stress relaxation agent formed of a polyvinyl alcohol or a derivative thereof. 1. An additive for high-purity copper electrolytic refining which is an additive to be added to a copper electrolyte in electrolytic refining for producing high-purity copper , the additive comprising:a main agent formed of a non-ionic surfactant which has a hydrophobic group containing an aromatic ring and a hydrophilic group containing a polyoxyalkylene group; anda stress relaxation agent formed of a polyvinyl alcohol or a derivative thereof.2. The additive for high-purity copper electrolytic refining according to claim 1 ,wherein the hydrophilic group of the main agent includes at least one of a polyoxyethylene group and a polyoxypropylene group, andthe hydrophobic group of the main agent includes a phenyl group or a naphthyl group.3. The additive for high-purity copper electrolytic refining according to claim 1 ,wherein the added number of moles of the polyoxyalkylene group of the hydrophilic group of the main agent is 2 to 20.4. The additive for high-purity copper electrolytic refining according to any claim 1 ,wherein the stress relaxation agent is a polyvinyl alcohol which has a saponification rate of 70 to 99% by mole and has an average polymerization degree of 200 to 2500 or a derivative thereof.5. The additive for high-purity copper electrolytic refining according to claim 4 ,wherein the polyvinyl alcohol derivative is a carboxy-modified polyvinyl alcohol, an ...

INSERTABLE ELECTRODE DEVICE THAT DOES NOT GENERATE ACID MIST OR OTHER GASES, AND METHOD

The invention relates to an insertable electrode device (DEI) for metal electrowinning processes, said device being non-polluting since it does not generate acid mist or other gases. The principle is based on an oxidation half-cell reaction occurring inside the DEI, together with the reduction half-cell that occurs in the metal electrowinning cell using same. The DEI does not generate gases and therefore does not emit acid mist into the environment. The DEI replaces current anodes and permits oxidation reactions to occur below the energy threshold of electrolysis of water, thereby preventing the electro-generation of gaseous oxygen, which is the main cause of acid mist. The DEI comprises a peripheral frame, ion exchange membranes, a strategic electrode that is a strategic semiconductor or conductor (CSE), an inlet duct and outlet duct, a horizontal conductive rod, vertical electrical conducting bars, handles or clamps, a strategic electrolyte, a distributing rod, a discharge rod, and circulation inlet holes and circulation outlet holes. 1. Insertable electrode device (IED) , which replaces the traditional anode in metal electrowinning processes , which does riot generate acid mist or other gases , wherein the IED comprises;{'b': '2', 'a) a peripheral frame () arranged on both sides of the device in matching manner and facing each other, each supporting and stabilizing the;'}{'b': '3', 'b) ion exchange membranes () formed of polymeric material and watertight, with electrically charged fixed groups, wherein contained in between such membranes is a;'}{'b': 4', '1, 'c) strategic electrode which is a strategic conductor or semiconductor SCS (), wherein said elements form a monolithic unit that is the insertable electrode device IED () or cartridge, and joining of the elements that comprise it is achieved through seals and fastening means, wherein mounting is performed of an;'}{'b': '5', 'd) inlet duct () and an;'}{'b': 6', '1', '4', '1, 'e) outlet duct (), wherein both ...

Methods And Systems For Reducing Impurity Metal From A Refinery Electrolyte Solution

Disclosed are methods for the reduction of impurity metals from a refinery electrolyte solution. Certain methods comprise contacting a refinery electrolyte solution comprising an impurity metal with a phosphate ester having a structure represented by: 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein Rin the phosphate ester is a branched or linear C6-C18 alkyl group.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the phosphate ester comprises iso-octyl phosphoric acid claim 1 , 2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid claim 1 , octophenyl phosphoric acid or nonylphenyl phosphoric acid.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the phosphate ester comprises iso-octyl phosphoric acid or a C12 alkyl phenylphosphoric acid.5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising contacting the refinery electrolyte solution comprising an impurity metal with a di-substituted phosphate ester.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising contacting the electrolyte solution with a solubility modifier.7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising contacting the electrolyte solution with a kinetic modifier.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the impurity metal is selected from the group consisting of bismuth claim 1 , antimony claim 1 , tin and combinations thereof.10. The method of claim 9 , wherein Rin the phosphate ester is a branched or linear C6-C12 alkyl group.11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the phosphate ester comprises iso-octyl phosphoric acid claim 9 , 2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid claim 9 , octophenyl phosphoric acid or nonylphenyl phosphoric acid.12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the phosphate ester comprises iso-octyl phosphoric acid.13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the phosphate ester comprises phenylphosphoric acid.14. The method of claim 9 , further comprising mixing the loaded organic solution with a strip solution to provide a strip solution containing impurity metal and stripped organic.15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the stripped organic is mixed with fresh electrolyte solution with impurities.16. The ...

Methods And Systems For Reducing Impurity Metal From A Refinery Electrolyte Solution

Disclosed are methods for the reduction of impurity metals from a refinery electrolyte solution. Certain methods comprise contacting a refinery electrolyte solution comprising an impurity metal with a phosphate ester having a structure represented by: wherein R 1 comprises a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl or aryl group, and wherein the impurity metal is selected from the group consisting of iron, antimony, arsenic, bismuth, tin and combinations thereof.

ELECTRODE STRUCTURE PROVIDED WITH RESISTORS

The invention relates to an electrode which can be employed in the cells of plants for the electrolytic extraction of copper and other non-ferrous metals from ionic solutions. The electrode consists of an apparatus comprising at least one anodic panel for the evolution of oxygen or chlorine connected through a plurality of resistors in parallel to at least one distribution structure for electrical current. The panel may optionally exhibit areas of electrical discontinuity. The invention also relates to an electrolyser using the electrode described above. 1. Anodic apparatus for electrorefinement or electrolytic extraction of non-ferrous metals comprising at least one anodic panel , which is used as an anode and presents at least one surface capable of evolving oxygen or chlorine , and at least one electrical current distribution structure , characterized by the fact that said at least one electrical current distribution structure is electrically connected to said at least one anodic panel by a plurality of resistors set in parallel with one another , each resistor of said plurality of resistors having a resistance , measured at 40° C. , equal to or greater than 5·10Ω.2. The apparatus of wherein said at least one anodic panel is made up of a substrate made of valve metal or its alloys and at least one catalytic coating.3. The apparatus of wherein said at least one anodic panel is chosen from mesh claim 1 , perforated plates or louver structures.4. The apparatus according to wherein each anodic panel is electrically connected to at least one electrical current distribution structure by a number of between 15 and 600 resistors set in parallel.5. The apparatus of wherein said at least one anodic panel is equipped with at least one zone of partial or total electrical discontinuity.6. The apparatus of wherein said plurality of resistors is connected to said at least one anodic panel through a plurality of electrical connection regions situated on the panel and said at ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR IMPROVED METAL RECOVERY USING AMMONIA LEACHING

Systems and methods for basic leaching are provided. In various embodiments, a method is provided comprising leaching a slurry comprising a copper bearing material and an ammonia leach medium, adding copper powder to the slurry, separating the slurry into a pregnant leach solution and solids, and performing a solvent extraction on the pregnant leach solution to produce an loaded aqueous stream. 1. (canceled)2. A method comprising:leaching a slurry comprising a copper bearing material and an ammonia leach medium;adding to the slurry copper powder comprising greater than ninety percent copper;separating the slurry into a pregnant leach solution and solids; andperforming a solvent extraction on the pregnant leach solution to produce a loaded aqueous stream.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the copper powder comprises at least one of dendritic copper powder and molten sprayed copper powder.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the leaching is performed in an anoxic environment.5. The method of claim 2 , further comprising:producing a cobalt precipitate from a raffinate produced by solvent extraction; andsubjecting the cobalt precipitate to a metal recovery process.6. The method of claim 2 , further comprising wet grinding the copper bearing material prior to the leaching.7. The method of claim 2 , further comprising adding sulfur dioxide gas to the slurry.8. The method of claim 5 , further comprising adding ammonium hydrosulfide to the raffinate produced by solvent extraction.9. The method of claim 7 , further comprising adding air to the slurry.10. The method of claim 2 , subjecting the loaded aqueous stream to electrowinning to yield copper metal at a cathode.11. The method of claim 2 , wherein the solvent extraction comprises subjecting the pregnant leach solution to a copper-specific extracting reagent.12. The process of claim 2 , wherein the solvent extraction comprises scrubbing an organic phase with a weak acid.13. The process of claim 12 , wherein the weak acid is ...

ELECTROLYTIC CELL FOR METAL ELECTROWINNING

The invention relates to a cell for metal electrowinning equipped with a device useful for preventing the adverse effects of dendrite growth on the cathodic deposit. The cell comprises a porous conductive screen, positioned between the anode and the cathode, capable of stopping the growth of dendrites and preventing them from reaching the anode surface. 1. Metal electrowinning cell comprising:an anode with a catalytic surface towards oxygen evolution reaction;a cathode suitable for metal deposition from an electrolytic bath, arranged parallel to said anode;an electrically conductive porous screen interposed between said anode and said cathode and connected to said anode through a microprocessor configured to detect a voltage between said porous screen and said anode.2. The cell according to wherein said microprocessor is configured to compare said detected voltage between said porous screen and said anode to a reference value and send an alert signal when the difference between said detected voltage and said reference value exceeds a preset threshold.3. The cell according to wherein said porous screen further comprises a means of vertical displacement actuated by said microprocessor when the difference between said detected voltage and said reference value exceeds a preset threshold.4. The cell according to wherein said means of vertical displacement comprises a rod connecting said porous screen to a spring actuated through said microprocessor.5. The cell according to wherein said microprocessor has an inlet impedance of at least 1 kΩ.6. The cell according to wherein said microprocessor has an inlet impedance of at least 1 MΩ.7. The cell according to wherein the surface said porous screen is sensibly less catalytic towards oxygen evolution than said anode.8. The cell according to wherein said porous screen consists of a titanium mesh or punched sheet provided with a coating catalytically inert towards oxygen evolution reaction.9. The cell according to wherein said ...

METHODS FOR RECOVERING METALS FROM ELECTRONIC WASTE, AND RELATED SYSTEMS

A method of recovering metals from electronic waste comprises providing a powder comprising electronic waste in at least a first reactor and a second reactor and providing an electrolyte comprising at least ferric ions in an electrochemical cell in fluid communication with the first reactor and the second reactor. The method further includes contacting the powders within the first reactor and the second reactor with the electrolyte to dissolve at least one base metal from each reactor into the electrolyte and reduce at least some of the ferric ions to ferrous ions. The ferrous ions are oxidized at an anode of the electrochemical cell to regenerate the ferric ions. The powder within the second reactor comprises a higher weight percent of the at least one base metal than the powder in the first reactor. Additional methods of recovering metals from electronic waste are also described, as well as an apparatus of recovering metals from electronic waste. 1. A method of recovering metals from electronic waste , the method comprising:providing a powder comprising electronic waste in at least a first reactor and a second reactor;providing an electrolyte comprising at least ferric ions in an electrochemical cell in fluid communication with the first reactor and the second reactor;contacting the powder within the first reactor with the electrolyte to dissolve at least one base metal from the powder into the electrolyte and reduce at least some of the ferric ions to ferrous ions;contacting the powder within the second reactor with the electrolyte to dissolve at least one base metal from the powder into the electrolyte, the powder in the second reactor comprising a higher weight percent of the at least one base metal than the powder in the first reactor; andoxidizing the ferrous ions at an anode of the electrochemical cell to regenerate the ferric ions.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising reducing the at least one dissolved base metal from each of the first reactor and ...

Method for producing copper and apparatus for producing copper

A method for producing copper includes a first step of dissolving copper by adding a copper-containing material to a solution containing an oxidant, and a second step of depositing copper on a surface of a cathode by bringing a solution (A) containing the oxidant in a reduced state into contact with a solution (B) containing copper dissolved therein with a separator provided between the solution (A) and the solution (B), arranging an anode in the solution (A), arranging the cathode in the solution (B), and applying a voltage to both the electrodes, while the oxidant contained in the solution (A) is regenerated, in which the oxidant has a standard electrode potential of 1.6 V or less.

Process, apparatus, and system for recovering materials from batteries

An apparatus for carrying out size reduction of battery materials under immersion conditions can include a housing configured to hold an immersion liquid comprising at least one of sodium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide. A first feed chute may define an opening therein for receiving battery materials of a first type into the housing and a first submergible comminuting device may be disposed within the housing and submerged in the immersion liquid to receive the battery materials of the first type from the first feed chute. The first submergible comminuting device may be configured to cause a size reduction of the battery materials of the first type to form a first reduced-size battery material.

Process, apparatus, and system for recovering materials from batteries

An apparatus for carrying out size reduction of battery materials under immersion conditions can include a housing configured to hold an immersion liquid comprising at least one of sodium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide. A first feed chute may define an opening therein for receiving battery materials of a first type into the housing and a first submergible comminuting device may be disposed within the housing and submerged in the immersion liquid to receive the battery materials of the first type from the first feed chute. The first submergible comminuting device may be configured to cause a size reduction of the battery materials of the first type to form a first reduced-size battery material.

Parallel Jet Electrolytic Process and Device

The invention discloses a parallel jet electrolytic process, wherein an electrolyte after being pressurized is jetted in parallel from a position at the bottom and near a surface of a cathode at a rate of 0.5-2.5 m/s into a gap between the cathode and an anode. During the production process, the pressurized electrolyte is jetted in parallel along the surface of the cathode, and the electrolyte flows from bottom to top at the cathode side and moves from top to bottom at the anode side simultaneously, which thus achieves a side cutting function on the cathode and the anode; and the side cutting flow of the electrolyte from top to bottom at the anode is able to greatly increase the settling rate of the anode slime and avoid its adhesion to the anode to form an anode slime layer. The invention also provides a parallel jet electrolytic device. 1. A parallel jet electrolytic process , wherein an electrolyte after being pressurized is jetted in parallel from a position at the bottom and near a surface of a cathode at a rate of 0.5 to 2.5 m/s into a gap between the cathode and an anode.2. The parallel jet electrolytic process according to claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte is delivered to a pressurization device by a delivery pump and pressurized claim 1 , and the electrolyte has a pressure of 0.5 to 1 Mpa.3. The parallel jet electrolytic process according to claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte is jetted into the gap between the cathode and the anode as two flows claim 1 , in which the first flow is jetted in a flat shape parallel to the surface of the cathode claim 1 , forming a fan-shaped liquid curtain wall close to the surface of the cathode; the second flow is jetted from the side of the first flow that is far away from the cathode; and the electrolyte flows from bottom to top along the surface of the cathode at the cathode side claim 1 , and moves from top to bottom along a surface of the anode at the anode side simultaneously claim 1 , forming an inner circulation.4. ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR LIQUID-ORGANIC PARTICLE SEPARATION

The present invention provides a method and system for separating a liquid from organic particles. The mixer-settler extraction cell includes a flow distributor. The flow distributor comprises a chevron-shaped series of welded plates, which separates the incoming flow stream of liquid and organic particles from one another. 1. A method for separating a liquid from organic particles , comprising:introducing a mixture of at least one liquid in combination with organic particles into an inbound portion of a vessel comprising the inbound portion and an outbound portion, wherein the mixture comprises a first phase and a second phase;separating the liquid from the organic particles by passing the mixture through a chevron-shaped coupled plate comprising a first plate coupled to a second plate, and a second plate coupled to a third plate having an end with a square edge surface, wherein the first plate coupled to a first support structure is configured to be substantially parallel to the first support structure, wherein a leading edge coupled to a weir is configured to be spaced from the first plate and have an end surface facing in an upstream direction, wherein the weir coupled to the first support structure is configured to be substantially parallel to the first support structure and perpendicular to the leading edge, wherein the flow of the mixture passes initially from the third plate through the first plate to the weir, wherein both the square edge surface of the third plate and the opening created by the coupling of the first and second plates and the leading edge is configured to cause the organic particles to separate from the liquid.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the liquids in the mixture comprises a metal value.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the metal value is copper.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the leading edge is spaced below the first plate.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the angle formed by the first plate coupled to the ...

ADDITIVE FOR HIGH-PURITY COPPER ELECTROLYTIC REFINING, METHOD OF PRODUCING HIGH-PURITY COPPER, AND HIGH-PURITY ELECTROLYTIC COPPER

The present invention provides an additive for high-purity copper electrolytic refining, a method of producing high-purity copper, and a high-purity electrolytic copper. This additive of the present invention for high-purity copper electrolytic refining can be added to a copper electrolyte in copper electrolytic refining. The additive includes a silver and chlorine reducing agent of electrolytic copper which is formed of tetrazoles which is one of a tetrazole and a tetrazole derivative. 1. An additive for high-purity copper electrolytic refining which is an additive to be added to a copper electrolyte in copper electrolytic refining , the additive comprising:a silver and chlorine reducing agent of electrolytic copper which is formed of tetrazoles which is one of a tetrazole and a tetrazole derivative.2. The additive for high-purity copper electrolytic refining according to claim 1 ,wherein the tetrazole derivative is one of an alkyl derivative, an amino derivative, and a phenyl derivative of tetrazole.3. The additive for high-purity copper electrolytic refining according to claim 1 ,wherein the additive further comprises an impurity reducing agent formed of one of a polyethylene glycol and a non-ionic surfactant, the non-ionic surfactant having a hydrophobic group containing an aromatic ring and a hydrophilic group containing a polyoxyalkylene group.4. The additive for high-purity copper electrolytic refining according to claim 1 ,wherein the additive further comprises a stress relaxation agent formed of a polyvinyl alcohol or a derivative thereof.5. The additive for high-purity copper electrolytic refining according to claim 4 ,wherein the polyvinyl alcohol or the derivative thereof in the stress relaxation agent has a saponification rate of 70 to 99% by mole and an average polymerization degree of 200 to 2500.6. A method of producing high-purity copper claim 4 , comprising:performing copper electrolytic refining using a copper electrolyte to which a silver and ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR RECOVERING METAL FROM METAL-CONTAINING WASTE LIQUID

Disclosed is a system for recovering metal from metal-containing waste liquid. The system includes a waste liquid storage unit, an extraction unit, and an electrolysis unit. The waste liquid storage unit is configured to store a metal-containing waste liquid. The extraction unit is in fluid connection with the waste liquid storage unit and includes an extraction device and a back-extraction device. The extraction device is configured to collect a target metal ion present in the metal-containing waste liquid, and the back-extraction device is configured to back-extract the target metal ion into a back-extracting liquid to form a metal compound. The electrolysis unit is in fluid connection with the waste liquid storage unit and the extraction unit, configured to reduce the target metal ion to a solid metal, or to dissociate the metal compound and deposit a solid metal. 1. A system for recovering metal from metal-containing waste liquid , comprising:a waste liquid storage unit configured to store a metal-containing waste liquid;an extraction unit in fluid connection with the waste liquid storage unit, including an extraction device and a back-extraction device, wherein the extraction device is configured to collect a target metal ion present in the metal-containing waste liquid, and the back-extraction device is configured to back-extract the target metal ion into a back-extracting liquid to form a metal compound; andan electrolysis unit in fluid connection with the waste liquid storage unit and the extraction unit, configured to reduce the target metal ion to a solid metal, or to dissociate the metal compound and deposit a solid metal.2. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the extraction device is in fluid connection with the back-extraction device through a circulation pipeline claim 1 , and the electrolysis unit is in fluid connection with the waste liquid storage unit and the circulation pipeline through an inlet pipeline thereof.3. The system according to ...

RECOVERY OF A METAL FROM PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SULPHURATED MINERALS AND OXIDIZED MINERALS, AND OTHER COMPOSITIONS OF VALUABLE MINERALS

A method to separate and recover at least one metal from a source of oxidized and/or primary and secondary sulfide ores by determining and modifying the values of the dielectric constant of the minerals source. 1. A method to separate and recover at least one metal from a source of oxidized and/or primary and secondary sulfide ores , the method comprising the following stages:i. providing in a reactor a source of oxidized and/or primary and secondary sulfide ores, where said ores source has a controlled granulometry;ii. determining the value of the dielectric constant of the ores source by electromagnetic, chemical, physical and/or mineralogical characterization;iii. providing an acid leaching composition A with a dielectric constant of at least 2% to 10% greater than the dielectric constant of the ore source;iv. modifying the value of the dielectric constant of the ores source by incorporating to the reactor an aqueous acid composition B having a dielectric constant of at least 2% to 10% greater than the dielectric constant of the ore source;v. contacting the ores source with the acid leaching composition A under controlled conditions of pressure and temperature in the reactor in order to form a mixture between the leaching composition A and the source of ores, where said reactor forms part of a system comprising a generating set and radio frequency amplifier, allowing to providing radio frequency to the mixture,vi. submitting the mixture to stirring and recirculation of the leaching composition A through the system;vii. providing the mixture with a supply oxygen and ozone through an oxygen concentrator and ozonizer, where said supply has been previously submitted to treatment with ultraviolet light generated by an UV unit;viii. allowing the dissolution of the metal and the migration of said metal to the leaching composition in order to provide a composition comprising the solubilized metal (PLS);ix. through an electrochemical separation technique, extracting the ...

METHOD FOR BIOLEACHING AND SOLVENT EXTRACTION WITH SELECTIVE RECOVERY OF COPPER AND ZINC FROM POLYMETAL CONCENTRATES OF SULFIDES

A bioleaching and solvent extraction process with selective recovery of copper and zinc from polymetallic sulphide concentrates is described, comprising a bioleaching and ferric ion reducing process and a copper and zinc solvent extraction process. 1. A bioleaching and solvent extraction process with selective recovery of copper and zinc from sulphide polymetallic concentrates , comprising a bioleaching and ferric ion reduction step , followed by a copper and zinc solvent extraction step , wherein the bioleaching and ferric ion reduction step includes the steps of: a) conditioning of a sulphide polymetallic concentrates pulp; b) bioleaching of the sulphide polymetallic concentrates pulp; c) solid separation of the pulp coming from the bioleaching step; and d) ferric ion transformation (reduction); while the copper and zinc solvent extraction step includes the steps of: a) copper solvent extraction and electrolysis; b) arsenic control; and , c) zinc solvent extraction and electrolysis.2. A bioleaching and solvent extraction process with selective recovery of copper and zinc from sulphide polymetallic concentrates claim 1 , according to claim 1 , wherein the pulp conditioning step consists of mixing a sulphide polymetallic concentrate stream (partially attacked) claim 1 , a mine water stream claim 1 , a fresh solid stream of polymetallic sulphides claim 1 , and a zinc depleted aqueous solution stream.3. A bioleaching and solvent extraction process with selective recovery of copper and zinc from sulphide polymetallic concentrates claim 2 , according to claim 2 , wherein during the mixing sulphuric acid is added to adjust pH in a range from 1.4 to 1.8.4. A bioleaching and solvent extraction process with selective recovery of copper and zinc from sulphide polymetallic concentrates claim 1 , according to claim 1 , wherein the bioleaching step is carried out using a plurality of bioreactors of the stirred-tank type having an air injection and diffusion system claim 1 , ...

METHOD OF RECOVERING COPPER AND PRECIOUS METALS

Provided is a method of recovering copper and one or more precious metals comprising leaching copper-bearing ore and/or concentrate under atmospheric or slightly pressurized conditions at a temperature below the boiling point of the leach solution in a sulfuric acidic solution in the presence of one or more alkali metal or alkali earth metal halides, whereby the total halide concentration is from 30 to 115 g/L, to dissolve copper and to obtain a leaching liquor comprising copper, sulfur species, and halides in solution. The leaching liquor is then subjected to a solid-liquid separation after which a first aqueous pregnant leach solution and a copper depleted leaching residue are obtained. Copper is purified by solvent extraction from the first aqueous pregnant leach solution to obtain a first copper-containing loaded organic solution and a first aqueous raffinate. The copper containing loaded organic solution is stripped and copper is recovered. 1. A method of recovering copper from copper-bearing sulfide ore and/or concentrate comprising the steps of:(a) leaching copper-bearing ore and/or concentrate under atmospheric or elevated pressure up to 300 kPa at a temperature below the boiling point of the leach solution in a sulfuric acid solution in the presence of one or more alkali metal or alkali earth metal halides, whereby the total halide concentration is from 30 to 115 g/L, to dissolve copper and to obtain a leaching liquor comprising copper, sulfur species, and halides in solution;(b) solid-liquid separating the leaching liquor to obtain a first aqueous pregnant leach solution and a copper depleted leaching residue;(c) extracting copper by solvent extraction from the first aqueous pregnant leach solution to obtain a first copper-containing loaded organic solution and a first aqueous raffinate; subjecting a bleed stream of the first aqueous raffinate to a copper hydroxychloride precipitation step; and after solid-liquid separation precipitating impurities from ...

METHOD FOR METAL ELECTROWINNING AND AN ELECTROWINNING CELL

The invention relates to a method for electrowinning a metal from an electrolyte in an electrowinning cell that comprises an electrolysis tank, one or more anodes, and one or more cathodes, which anodes and cathodes are housed in the electrolysis tank. The method comprises supplying sulfur dioxide to the anode to depolarize the anode process and to reduce the energy consumption of the electrowinning cell. 1. A method for electrowinning a metal from an electrolyte in an electrowinning cell that comprises an electrolysis tank , one or more anodes , and one or more cathodes , which anodes and cathodes are housed in the electrolysis tank , the method comprising supplying sulfur dioxide to the anode to depolarize the anode process and to reduce the energy consumption of the electrowinning cell , wherein housing each anode in an anode bag of its own and introducing sulfur dioxide into the lower part of the anode bag which anode bag comprises a diaphragm cloth bag or an ion exchange membrane.2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising introducing sulfur dioxide in gas form into the electrolysis tank in the vicinity of the anode.3. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising dissolving sulfur dioxide into an electrolyte before introducing said electrolyte into the electrolysis tank in the vicinity of the anode.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the anodes are comprised of platinum coated titanium mesh.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the anodes are comprised of gold coated titanium mesh.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the anodes are PbCaSn anodes spray-coated with platinum powder.7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the anodes are PbCaSn anodes spray-coated with gold powder.8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the anodes are stainless steel anodes with platinum coating.9. The method according to wherein the anodes are stainless steel anodes with gold coating.10. An electrowinning cell for electrowinning ...

COPPER ELECTROWINNING PROCESS

The present invention concerns a copper electrowinning process suitable for the production of enhanced-quality cathodes from highly contaminated electrolytes. The process is performed in electrowinning cells including a plurality of anodes and cathodes, equipped with gas sparging elements at their bottom. It comprises the step of sparging gas across the cathodes, and is characterized in that the solution contains more than 100 mg/L of arsenic. The invention provides an alternative solution to the problem of cathode quality when dealing with highly contaminated electrolytes, in particular when containing high concentrations of arsenic. 14. A process of electrowinning copper from an acidic copper sulfate solution , wherein the process is performed in electrowinning cells including a plurality of anodes and cathodes , equipped with gas sparging elements , the process comprising the step of sparging gas across the cathodes , wherein the solution comprises more than 100 mg/L of arsenic.15. The process according to claim 14 , wherein the solution also comprises more than 1 mg/L of Bi.16. The process according to claim 14 , wherein the solution comprises up to 5 g/L As claim 14 , and/or up to 200 mg/L of Bi.17. The process according to claim 14 , wherein the sparging gas is air.18. The process according to claim 14 , wherein the flow rate of the sparging gas is between 0.02 and 0.5 normal m/h per mof solution.19. The process according to claim 14 , wherein the electrowinning process is performed at a current density of more than 250 A/m.20. The process according to claim 14 , wherein the process is a process for the electrowinning of copper having at most 15 ppm As.21. The process according to claim 14 , wherein the process is a process for the electrowinning of copper having at most 3 ppm Bi.22. A process of producing copper comprising producing an acidic copper sulfate solution by dissolution of one or more raw materials in aqueous sulfuric acid claim 14 , and ...

ELECTRODE FOR ELECTROLYTIC PROCESSES

An electrode on valve metal substrate suitable for the evolution of oxygen in electrolytic processes is provided with a coating having a catalytic layer containing platinum group metals and one or more protective layers based on tin oxide modified with a doping element selected from bismuth, antimony or tantalum and with a small amount of ruthenium. The electrode is useful in processes of non-ferrous metal electrowinning. 1. Electrode suitable for oxygen evolution in electrolytic processes comprising a valve metal substrate provided with a coating , said coating comprising a catalytic layer and at least one protective layer external to said catalytic layer , said protective layer consisting of a mixture of oxides having a weight composition referred to the metals containing 89-97% of tin , 2-10% of at least one doping element selected from the group consisting of bismuth , antimony and tantalum and 1-9% of ruthenium.2. The electrode according to wherein said at least one protective layer consists of a mixture of oxides having a weight composition referred to the metals containing 89-97% of tin claim 1 , 2-10% of bismuth and 1-9% of ruthenium.3. The electrode according to claim 1 , wherein said at least one protective layer has a thickness of 1 to 5 μm.4. The electrode according to claim 1 , wherein said a catalytic layer is contact with said protective layer claim 1 , said catalytic layer comprising a mixture of oxides having a weight composition referred to the metals containing 40-46% of platinum group metals claim 1 , 7-13% of at least one element selected from the group consisting of bismuth claim 1 , antimony claim 1 , niobium and tantalum and 47-53% of tin claim 1 , said catalytic layer having a thickness of 2.5 to 5 μm.5. The electrode according to claim 4 , wherein said catalytic layer comprises a mixture of oxides having a weight composition referred to the metals containing 40-46% of iridium claim 4 , 7-13% of bismuth and 47-53% of tin claim 4 , said ...

Electrochemical Deposition for Metal Ion Extraction/Removal from Water

A method for extracting metal ions from water is provided that includes disposing two electrically conductive electrodes in water, where the water includes a target ion species in solution, where at least one of the electrically conductive electrodes is a functionalized electrode having species-specific adsorption of the target ion species, and providing electrical current to the electrically conductive electrodes such that the one or more target ion species are deposited to metallic form or metal oxides at the functionalized electrode by one or more electrochemical reactions. 1) A method for extracting metal ions from water , comprising:a) disposing two electrically conductive electrodes in water, wherein said water comprises a target ion species in solution, wherein at least one of the electrically conductive electrodes is a functionalized electrode having species-specific adsorption of said target ion species; andb) providing electrical current to said electrically conductive electrodes such that the one or more target ion species are deposited to metallic form or metal oxides at said functionalized electrode by one or more electrochemical reactions.2) The method according to claim 1 , wherein said electrical current comprises a alternate current or direct current.3) The method according to claim 1 , wherein said conductive electrodes are carbon-based materials comprising carbon felt claim 1 , carbon fibers claim 1 , carbon nanotubes claim 1 , carbon blacks claim 1 , activated carbon claim 1 , graphite plates claim 1 , graphene claim 1 , or graphene oxides.4) The method according to claim 1 , wherein said electrodes are functionalized with amidoxime-based chemicals.5) The method according to claim 1 , wherein a voltage across said electrodes alternates between a negative value and zero.6) The method according to claim 1 , wherein said water comprises seawater claim 1 , lake water claim 1 , river water claim 1 , domestic wastewater claim 1 , industrial waste water ...

Method and System for Precluding Air Pollution in Industrial Facilities

A holistic system for sustained capture, confinement and depuration of acid mist generated in nonferrous metal electrodeposition processes utilizing lead anodes, for precluding zero release of gaseous fluid pollutants in the atmospheric air surrounding electrodeposition processes, providing an assured solution to acid mist control and total abatement in an effective, efficient manner and sustainable in time by immediate recovery and recycling back in the source generating the contaminant effluents as there are produced, according to a “cell by cell” strategy, and directly connecting each cell to a system for depuration, recovery and recycling the contaminants gaseous fluid flow extracted from each cell reducing them to innocuous levels in the discharge to the open atmosphere; complying the condition of “100% Null escape of acid mist” from each individual cell to the working environment, simultaneously with minimum power usage, and substantial global gaseous fluid contaminant reduction, far exceeding present minimum sustainability standards, in terms of human health, energy usage and environmental protection. 1. A system for precluding air pollution in an electrodeposition tankhouse by capturing and processing byproduct gaseous fluids that emanate as a result of electrodeposition of nonferrous metals within electrolytic cells , said system comprising: an apparatus for confining a gaseous fluid as it is being originated by an electrowinning process within an electrolytic cell , wherein said gaseous fluid comprises at least an acid , fine airborne electrolyte liquid particles , contaminant gasses , and vapors of water and acid , wherein said electrolytic cell comprises a plurality of anodic and cathodic plates; an apparatus for removing said at least one acid , fine airborne electrolyte liquid particles , and vapors of water and acid from said gaseous fluid; and an apparatus for monitoring process variables in real time that allow controlling a plurality of ...

EQUIPMENT AND METHOD FOR ELECTROLYTIC RECOVERY OF METAL

The invention concerns a system of gas ducts () for transporting gas, for example, into electrolytic equipment, in connection with which there are means () for taking at least gas into the system of gas ducts, whereby there is a suitable number of gas supply holes () in the system of gas ducts in a wall () limiting the system of gas ducts, whereby the material, such as gas, flowing in the system of gas ducts () is prevented at least in part from passing through the wall () of the system of gas ducts (). The invention also concerns equipment and a method for electrolytic recovery of metal, such as copper. 1613719861967. A system of gas ducts () for transporting gas , for example , into electrolysis equipment , in connection with which there are means () for taking at least gas to the system of gas ducts , whereby there is a suitable number of gas supply holes () in the system of gas ducts in a wall () limiting the system of gas ducts , characterized in that the material , such as gas () , flowing in the system of gas ducts () is prevented at least in part from flowing through the wall () of the system of gas ducts () , when the gas bubbles are allowed to discharge directly upwards from the gas supply holes ().267. A system of gas ducts as defined in claim 1 , characterized in that the system of gas ducts () is made of a porous material claim 1 , whereby the diameter of the supply holes () located therein is less than 3 millimetres.3611. A system of gas ducts as defined in claim 1 , characterized in that the system of gas ducts () is coated at least in part with a material () claim 1 , which is impermeable to gas.4. A system of gas ducts as defined in claim 3 , characterized in that paint claim 3 , lacquer claim 3 , glue or some other corresponding material is used as the material impermeable to gas.56. A system of gas ducts as defined in claim 1 , characterized in that the system of gas ducts () is formed of a sufficient number of interconnected pipes.66. A system of ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR LIQUID-ORGANIC PARTICLE SEPARATION

The present invention provides a method and system for separating a liquid from organic particles. The mixer-settler extraction cell includes a flow distributor. The flow distributor comprises a chevron-shaped series of welded plates, which separates the incoming flow stream of liquid and organic particles from one another. 1. A flow distributor for a vessel of a mixer-settler assembly comprising:a first support structure;a first plate coupled to the first support structure configured to be substantially parallel to the first support structure;a second plate coupled to the first plate to be upstream thereof, the second plate angled at an angle different from the first plate;a weir spaced downstream from the first plate and coupled to the first support structure and to a leading edge;wherein the weir is configured to be substantially parallel to the first support structure and perpendicular to the leading edge, the leading edge spaced from the first plate and having an end surface facing in an upstream direction.2. The flow distributor of claim 1 , wherein the flow distributor further comprises a third plate coupled to the second plate to be upstream thereof claim 1 , the third plate angled at an angle different from the first plate.3. The flow distributor of claim 2 , wherein the end of the third plate that is not coupled to the second plate has a square edge surface.4. The flow distributor of claim 2 , wherein the second plate coupled to the third plate comprises a substantially chevron-shaped configuration; wherein the apex of the chevron is where the second plate is welded to the third plate.5. The flow distributor of claim 1 , wherein the coupling of the first plate to the first support structure claim 1 , the second plate to the first plate claim 1 , and the weir to the leading edge are welded together.6. The flow distributor of claim 1 , wherein the leading edge is space below the first plate.7. The flow distributor of claim 1 , wherein the angle formed by the ...

Process for the recovery of metals from oxidic ores

A process is disclosed for the recovery of valuable metals from oxidic ores, in particular from polymetallic nodules. The process is suitable for the recovery of Cu, Co, Ni, Fe, and Mn, which are the main metals of interest in such polymetallic nodules. The present process is, among others, characterized by the handling of Fe, which is dissolved and kept in solution until the step of crystallization rather than removed at an earlier stage. A mixed Mn—Fe residue is obtained, which, after thermal treatment, provides a Mn—Fe oxide that is suitable for the steel or for the manganese industry. Excellent Cu, Co and Ni yields are obtained, while Fe is leached and valorized together with Mn.

Copper powder, and copper paste, electrically conductive coating material and electrically conductive sheet each produced using said copper powder

Provided is a copper powder in which the number of contact points between copper powder particles is increased to allow excellent electric conductivity to be achieved, and which can be used suitably in use applications including an electrically conductive paste and an electromagnetic wave shield. The copper powder according to the present invention has a dendritic shape composed of a main stem that is grown linearly and multiple branches that are branched from the main stem, wherein the main stem and the branches are composed of a flat-plate-like cupper particle having a cross section with an average thickness of 0.2 to 1.0 μm, and the average particle diameter (D50) of the copper powder is 5.0 to 30 μm. A copper paste having excellent electric conductivity can be produced by mixing the dendritic copper powder with a resin.

COPPER ELECTROREFINING

A metal composition includes from 90.10% wt up to 97% wt of copper, at least 0.1% wt of nickel, at least 0.0001% wt and less than 1.00% wt of iron, and 250-3000 ppm wt of oxygen. The composition is suitable for being processed by a process including the electrorefining of copper in an electrolytic cell, wherein the voltage difference over the cell is maintained at less than 1.6 volt, the anode comprises at most 98.0% wt of copper and less than 1.00% wt of iron, the current density through the cell is at least 180 A/mof cathode surface, electrolyte is removed from the cell during the operation at an average refreshing rate of 30-1900% per hour, by overflow of a stream of electrolyte over a cell wall, and a gas is bubbled through the electrolyte in between anode and cathode. The composition is even more suitable after a reduction of its oxygen content. 1. A molten liquid metal composition comprising at least 90.10% wt and at most 97% wt of copper , the balance being other elements as impurities as part of which the molten liquid metal composition comprises ,at least 0.1% wt of nickel,at least 0.0001% wt and less than 1.00% wt of iron, andat least 250 ppm wt and at most 3000 ppm wt of oxygen.2. The molten liquid metal composition according to further comprising claim 1 , as part of the impurities claim 1 , at least 0.10% wt and at most 3.00% wt of antimony claim 1 ,3. The molten liquid metal composition according to further comprising claim 1 , as part of the impurities claim 1 , at least 0.010% wt and at most 0.50% wt of bismuth.4. The molten liquid metal composition according to further comprising claim 1 , as part of the impurities claim 1 , at most 6.00% wt of tin.5. The molten liquid metal composition according to further comprising claim 1 , as part of the impurities claim 1 , at most 6.00% wt of lead.6. The molten liquid metal composition according to further comprising claim 1 , as part of the impurities claim 1 , at least 0.0001% wt and at most 0.50% wt of ...

LEACHING AIDS AND METHODS OF USING LEACHING AIDS

Leaching aids, for example, when present in a leaching solution, and methods of using the leaching aids. The leaching aids can include one or a combination of compounds. The method of using the leaching aids can include a process of recovering metal from ore, for example, a process involving heap leaching, solvent extraction and electrowinning. 1. A solution comprising:a lixiviant; and {'br': None, 'sub': n', 'm', 'n', 'p, 'R((AO)B)((AO)H)\u2003\u2003(I)'}, 'one or more compound comprising formula (I)wherein each AO group is, independently, an alkyleneoxy group selected from ethyleneoxy (“EO”), 1,2-propyleneoxy (“PO”), 1,2-butyleneoxy, and styryleneoxy;each n is independently an integer from 0 to 40;m is an integer from 1 to the total number of OH hydrogens in the R group prior to alkoxylation;p is an integer such that the sum of m plus p equals the number of OH hydrogens in the R group prior to alkoxylation;B is H; [{'br': None, 'sub': 1', '2', '3', '1, 'RC(CHO)(II) wherein Ris H, methyl, ethyl, or propyl;'}, {'br': None, 'sub': 2', '4, 'C(CHO)\u2003\u2003(III);'}, {'br': None, 'sub': 2', '2, 'OC(CHO)\u2003\u2003(IV);'}, {'br': None, 'sub': 2', '2, 'N(CHCHO) \u2003\u2003(V)'}, {'br': None, 'sub': 2', 'x', '2', '2', '2', '1', '4, '(R)N(CHCHO) (VI) wherein Ris a C-Calkyl, y is 1-3 and x+y=3;'}, {'br': None, 'sub': 2', 'r, 'O(CH)O (VII), wherein r is 2 to 6; and'}, {'br': None, 'sub': 3', '2, 'O(CH(CH)CH)O \u2003\u2003(VIII);'}], 'R is a group selected from formula (II) to (VIII)wherein the one or more compound is at a concentration of about 1 ppm to about 2000 ppm of the solution.2. The solution of claim 1 , wherein each n is independently 2 to 20.3. The solution of claim 2 , wherein each n is independently 2 to 10.5. The solution of claim 1 , wherein the lixiviant comprises sulfuric acid.6. The solution of claim 1 , wherein the lixiviant is at a concentration of 1 g/L to about 50 g/L of the solution.7. The solution of claim 5 , wherein the lixiviant is at a ...

Process for Leaching Metal Sulfides with Reagents Having Thiocarbonyl Functional Groups

This application pertains to methods of recovering metals from metal sulfides that involve contacting the metal sulfide with an acidic sulfate solution containing ferric sulfate and a reagent that has a thiocarbonyl functional group, wherein the concentration of reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is sufficient to increase the rate of metal ion extraction relative to an acidic sulfate solution that does not contain the reagent, to produce a pregnant solution containing the metal ions. 159. -. (canceled)60. A method of recovering at least one base metal from at least one base metal sulfide in a material , the method comprising:contacting the material with an acidic sulfate solution comprising a reagent having a thiocarbonyl functional group to produce a pregnant solution containing base metal ions; andrecovering the at least one base metal from the pregnant solution,wherein the reagent is not thiourea (Tu), and wherein the thiocarbonyl functional group of the reagent has a sulfur that bears a partial negative charge, bears negative electrostatic potential surface, and has an empty π*-antibonding orbital as its lowest unoccupied molecular orbital.61. The method of claim 60 , wherein the acidic sulfate solution comprises ferric sulfate.62. The method of claim 60 , wherein the reagent is N-N′ substituted thioureas; 2 claim 60 ,5-Dithiobimea; Dithiobiuret; Thiosemicarbazide purum; Thiosemicarbazide; Thioacetamide; 2-Methyl-3-thiosemicarbazide; 4-Methyl-3-thiosemicarbazide; Vinylene trithiocarbonate purum; Vinylene trithiocarbonate; 2-Cyanothioacetamide; Ethylene trithiocarbonate; Potassium ethyl xanthogenate; Dimethylthiocarbamoyl chloride; Dimethyldithiocarbamate; Dimethyl trithiocarbonate; N claim 60 ,N-Dimethylthioformamide; 4 claim 60 ,4-Dimethyl-3-thiosemicarbazide; 4-Ethyl-3-thiosemicarbazide; O-Isopropylxanthic acid; Ethyl thiooxamate; Ethyl dithioacetate; Pyrazine-2-thiocarboxamide; Diethylthiocarbamoyl chloride; Diethyldithiocarbamate; Tetramethylthiuram ...

Process for Leaching Metal Sulfides with Reagents Having Thiocarbonyl Functional Groups

This application pertains to methods of recovering metals from metal sulfides that involve contacting the metal sulfide with an acidic sulfate solution containing ferric sulfate and a reagent that has a thiocarbonyl functional group, wherein the concentration of reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is sufficient to increase the rate of metal ion extraction relative to an acidic sulfate solution that does not contain the reagent, to produce a pregnant solution containing the metal ions. 159.-. (canceled)60. A method of recovering at least one base metal from at least one base metal sulfide in a material , the method comprising:contacting the material with an acidic sulfate solution comprising formamidine disulfide (FDS) to produce a pregnant solution containing base metal ions; andrecovering the base metal from the pregnant solution.61. The method of claim 60 , wherein the acidic sulfate solution further comprises ferric sulfate.62. The method of or claim 60 , wherein the concentration of FDS in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.1 mM to about 15 mM.63. The method of or claim 60 , wherein the concentration of FDS in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.1 mM to about 10 mM.64. The method of or claim 60 , wherein the concentration of FDS in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.2 mM to about 5 mM.65. The method of or claim 60 , wherein the concentration of FDS in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.1 mM to about 2.5 mM.66. The method of or claim 60 , wherein the concentration of FDS in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.1 mM to about 2 mM.67. The method of or claim 60 , wherein the concentration of FDS in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.1 mM to about 1.5 mM.68. The method of or claim 60 , wherein the concentration of FDS in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.1 mM to about 1.0 mM.69. The method of or claim 60 , wherein the ...

Improvement in copper electrorefining

A process for copper production comprising electrorefining of copper in an electrolytic cell, wherein the voltage difference over the cell is maintained at less than 1.6 volt, the anode comprises at most 98.0% wt of copper and less than 1.00% wt of iron, the current density through the cell is at least 180 A/m 2 of cathode surface, electrolyte is removed from the cell during the operation at an average refreshing rate of 30-1900% per hour, by overflow of a first stream of electrolyte over a cell wall, and a gas is introduced into the cell and bubbled through the electrolyte in between anode and cathode. Further disclosed is a liquid molten metal composition suitable for copper anode electrorefining comprising at least 90.10% wt and at most 97% wt of copper, at least 0.1% wt of nickel, at least 0.0001% wt and less than 1.00% wt of iron, and 250-3000 ppm wt of oxygen.

Method Of Electrolytic Deposition Of Arsenic From Industrial Electrolytes Including Waste Electrolytes Used In Electrorefining Of Copper After Prior Decopperisation Of Electrolyte

The subject of the present invention is a method of the electrolytic isolation of arsenic from industrial electrolytes including waste electrolytes used in the electrorafination of copper after its prior decopperisation. 1. A method of electrolytic isolation of arsenic from a post-refining electrolyte , comprising a single-stage potentiostatic arsenic electrodeposition on a cathode having a potential range of from −1.20 V to −1.70 V in relation to the anode , wherein the electrolyte is not subjected to chemical processing.2. The method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the electrodeposition process is conducted at room temperature from 18° C. to 50° C.3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the anode is a lead alloy anode claim 1 , or a titanium oxide and iridium anode claim 1 , and wherein the surface areas of the cathode and anode are comparable.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the anode is an acid-resistant steel anode and the anode surface area is at least 5 times greater than the cathode surface area.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the cathode is an acid-resistant steel or copper cathode.6. The method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the electrodeposition process is conducted with constant electrolyte circulation or mixing.7. A method of decopperisation a post-refining electrolyte claim 1 , comprising a single-stage potentiostatic copper electrodeposition on a cathode having a cathode potential range from −1.00 V to −1.50 V in relation to the acid resistant steel anode claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte is not subjected to chemical processing.8. The method according to claim 7 , characterised in that the electrodeposition process is conducted at room temperature from 18° C. to 50° C.9. A method according to claim 7 , wherein the anode is a lead alloy anode claim 7 , or a titanium oxide and iridium anode claim 7 , and wherein the surface areas of the cathode and anode are comparable.10. The method according to ...

COBALT EXTRACTION AND RECYCLING FROM PERMANENT MAGNETS

Systems and methods for recovering cobalt and other valuable metals from cobalt permanent magnets of various compositions, such as samarium cobalt magnets, are presented herein. In one embodiment, a method includes converting the permanent magnet material to a higher surface area form, such as a powder. The method also includes treating the converted permanent magnet material with an aqueous solution of ammonium carbonate to form a mixture (e.g., a slurry) that includes dissolved cobalt. In some embodiments, the method includes exposing the mixture to an oxidant to oxidize metallic constituents and form soluble species. The method also includes filtering the mixture to yield a filtrate and electroplating the cobalt onto a cathode from the filtrate. 1. A method of recovering cobalt from a permanent magnet material having variable composition , the method comprising:converting the permanent magnet material to a higher surface area form;treating the converted permanent magnet material with an aqueous solution of ammonium carbonate to form a mixture that includes dissolved cobalt;filtering the mixture to yield a filtrate; andelectroplating the cobalt onto a cathode from the filtrate.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein:the permanent magnet material comprises samarium cobalt magnets.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein converting the permanent magnet material to a higher surface area form comprises:at least one of grinding or milling the permanent magnet material.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:heating the mixture in at least one of air, oxygen, an inert atmosphere, or hydrogen to temperatures up to 1500° C.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:demagnetizing the mixture using an externally applied magnetic field or a mechanical shock treatment.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:adjusting an oxidation state of the mixture prior to extraction with a chemical oxidant, a reductant, or an electrochemical method that employs an electric current to ...

Bubble collector guide and use thereof

The invention concerns a bubble collector guide for use in an electrolysis process, which comprises a plurality of guide members arranged at a distance from each other, the guide members comprising a lower side. The guide members can be arranged horizontally on the vertical surface of an electrode so that the lower side of the guide member forms a downwards facing surface that is substantially orthogonal to the vertical surface of the electrode, so as to collect bubbles of gas generated at the electrode.

Process for Leaching Metal Sulfides with Reagents Having Thiocarbonyl Functional Groups

This application pertains to methods of recovering metals from metal sulfides that involve contacting the metal sulfide with an acidic sulfate solution containing ferric sulfate and a reagent that has a thiocarbonyl functional group, wherein the concentration of reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is sufficient to increase the rate of metal ion extraction relative to an acidic sulfate solution that does not contain the reagent, to produce a pregnant solution containing the metal ions.

ELECTROCHEMICAL METHOD FOR SYNTHESIZING METAL-CONTAINING PARTICLES AND OTHER OBJECTS

The invention is directed to a method for producing metal-containing (e.g., non-oxide, oxide, or elemental) nano-objects, which may be nanoparticles or nanowires, the method comprising contacting an aqueous solution comprising a metal salt and water with an electrically powered electrode to form said metal-containing nano-objects dislodged from the electrode, wherein said electrode possesses a nanotextured surface that functions to confine the particle growth process to form said metal-containing nano-objects. The invention is also directed to the resulting metal-containing compositions as well as devices in which they are incorporated. 1. A method for producing metal-containing nano-objects , the method comprising contacting an aqueous solution comprising a metal salt and water with an electrically powered electrode to form said metal-containing nano-objects , wherein said electrode possesses a nanotextured surface that functions to confine the particle growth process to form said metal-containing nano-objects.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said electrode contains on its surface an array of conductive nanoscopic projections pointed outwardly from said surface.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said conductive nanoscopic projections comprise flakes of graphene.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said aqueous solution further comprises a surface-active agent that interacts by coordinate bonds to surfaces of the metal-containing nano-objects.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said nano-objects are nanoparticles.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein said nano-objects are nanowires.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said nano-objects have a metal chalcogenide composition selected from metal sulfide claim 1 , metal selenide claim 1 , metal telluride claim 1 , and metal arsenide claim 1 , and wherein said electrically powered electrode is an electrically powered cathode claim 1 , the method comprising contacting an aqueous solution comprised of a metal salt claim 1 , ...

PROCESS FOR THE DEPRESSION OF IRON SULPHIDES AND OTHER DISPOSABLE ELEMENTS IN THE CONCENTRATION OF MINERAL BY FLOTATION AND ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTOR

A process for the depression of iron sulphides and other disposable elements in the mineral concentration by flotation and electrochemical reactor. The proposed invention represents a method based on the action of electrodes on the mineral, which can replace, compliment or minimise the consumption of chemical reagents, as well as improving the effect thereof. 1. A process for the depression of iron sulphides and other disposable elements in the flotation of mineral particles in liquid , which after the stages of extraction , crushing , grinding and suspension of the mineral in liquid , is characterised in that at least one sulphide is electrochemically depressed through the application of at least one electric potential.2. The process claim 1 , according to claim 1 , characterised in that at least one iron sulphide or another disposable element is electrochemically depressed through the direct action of at least one electrode claim 1 , with an at least partial direct contact between the electrode and the mineral particles.3. The process claim 1 , according to claim 1 , characterised in that at least one iron sulphide or another disposable element is electrochemically depressed through the indirect action of at least one electrode claim 1 , wherein at least one potential of the electrode is transferred to the mineral particles by means of the at least one mediator claim 1 , typically dissolved in the liquid.4. The process claim 1 , according to claim 1 , characterised in that the at least one potential is lower than the electric potential required to oxidise and/or reduce water.5. The process claim 1 , according to claim 1 , characterised in that the at least one potential of at least one electrode is modulated without altering the pH of the liquid.6. The process claim 5 , according to claim 5 , characterised in that the pH is altered solely at a localised level but not at a macro/general level.7. The process claim 1 , according to claim 1 , characterised in that the ...

Electrodic apparatus for the electrodeposition of non-ferrous metals

This invention relates to electrodic apparatus suitable for the electrodeposition of nonferrous metals, for example for the electrolytic production of copper and other nonferrous metals from solutions of ions, comprising an electrode and at least one ionpermeable screen intended for protection of the said electrode.

ELECTRODE STRUCTURE FOR THE ELECTRODEPOSITION OF NON-FERROUS METALS

The present invention relates to an electrode structure which can detect the electric current and optionally activate alarm signals in electrolytic cells for the electrodeposition of non-ferrous metals, for example for electrowinning of metals, in particular for the electrolytic production of copper and other non-ferrous metals proceeding from ionic solutions. The present invention further relates to a data acquisition system to be used in connection with said electrode structure. 2. The anodic structure according to claim 1 , wherein each said periodic actuation cycle has a duration of 1-15000 seconds.4. The anodic structure according to claim 3 , wherein said periodic actuation cycle has a duration of 300-6000 seconds claim 3 , wherein said microcontrol unit is configured to activate said at least one electric current sensor 1-10 times during each cycle claim 3 , each activation of said at least one electric current sensor having a duration of less than 15 milliseconds.5. The anodic structure according to claim 4 , wherein said microcontrol unit is configured to activate said wireless communication means 1-3 times during each cycle.6. The anodic structure according to claim 1 , wherein said at least one electric current sensor is a Hall sensor.7. The anodic structure according to claim 1 , wherein said at least one electric current sensor is a temperature sensor.8. The anodic structure according to claim 6 , wherein said anodic hanger bar comprises a lower horizontal main portion and two horizontal upper end portions connected to opposite sides of said horizontal main portion through two slanted intermediate portions claim 6 , said at least one wireless integrated device being positioned on the top surface of either of said slanted intermediate portions.9. The anodic structure according to claim 8 , wherein said two slanted intermediate portions form an angle of 20-70 degrees with the vertical claim 8 , and wherein said Hall sensor is positioned in correspondence ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR METAL RECOVERY

Various embodiments provide a process roasting a metal bearing material under oxidizing conditions to produce an oxidized metal bearing material, roasting the oxidized metal bearing material under reducing conditions to produce a roasted metal bearing material, and leaching the roasted metal bearing material in a basic medium to yield a pregnant leach solution. 1. (canceled)2. A process comprising:roasting a metal bearing material comprising a copper carbonate under oxidizing conditions;roasting the metal bearing material under reducing conditions;leaching the metal bearing material in a basic medium to yield a pregnant slurry; andforwarding the pregnant slurry to a CCD circuit to yield a pregnant leach solution.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the basic medium comprises at least one of ammonia claim 2 , ammonium carbonate and ammonium sulfate.4. The process of claim 2 , wherein the oxidizing conditions comprise an oxygen gas containing atmosphere.5. The process of claim 2 , wherein the reducing conditions comprise a hydrogen gas containing atmosphere.6. The process of claim 2 , further comprising subjecting the pregnant leach solution to a solution extraction process to yield a loaded aqueous stream.7. The process of claim 6 , wherein an extraction stage of the solution extraction yields a cobalt-bearing raffinate.8. The process of claim 7 , further comprising precipitating cobalt from the cobalt-bearing raffinate.9. The process of claim 8 , wherein the precipitating yields cobalt sulfide.10. The process of claim 9 , wherein the cobalt sulfide is subjected to leaching.11. The process of claim 6 , subjecting the loaded aqueous stream to electrowinning.12. The process of claim 2 , wherein the copper carbonate comprises at least one of azurite and malachite.13. A process comprising:oxidizing a metal bearing material comprising a copper carbonate to produce an oxidized metal bearing material;reducing the oxidized metal bearing material to produce a roasted metal ...

HIGH-PURITY ELECTROLYTIC COPPER

The present invention provides a high-purity electrolytic copper having a Cu purity excluding gas components (O, F, S, C, and Cl) is 99.9999 mass % or more, a content of S is 0.1 mass ppm or less, and an area ratio of crystals having a (101)±10° orientation is less than 40%, when crystal orientation is measured by electron backscatter diffraction in a cross section along a thickness direction. 1. A high-purity electrolytic copper ,wherein a Cu purity excluding gas components (O, F, S, C, and Cl) is 99.9999 mass % or more,a content of S is 0.1 mass ppm or less, andan area ratio of crystals having a (101)±10° orientation is less than 40%, when crystal orientation is measured by electron backscatter diffraction in a cross section along a thickness direction.2. The high-purity electrolytic copper according to claim 1 ,wherein an area ratio of crystals having a (111)±10° orientation is less than 15%, when crystal orientation is measured by electron backscatter diffraction in the cross section along the thickness direction.3. The high-purity electrolytic copper according to claim 1 ,wherein an area ratio of crystal grains, in which an aspect ratio b/a represented by a major axis a of the crystal grain and a minor axis b orthogonal to the major axis a is less than 0.33, is less than 40% in the cross section along the thickness direction.4. The high-purity electrolytic copper according to claim 1 ,wherein the Cu purity excluding gas components (O, F, S, C, and Cl) is 99.99999 mass % or more and the content of S is 0.02 mass ppm or less.5. The high-purity electrolytic copper according to claim 2 ,wherein an area ratio of crystal grains, in which an aspect ratio b/a represented by a major axis a of the crystal grain and a minor axis b orthogonal to the major axis a is less than 0.33, is less than 40% in the cross section along the thickness direction.6. The high-purity electrolytic copper according to claim 2 ,wherein the Cu purity excluding gas components (O, F, S, C, and Cl ...

USE OF OXYGENATED OR POLYOXYGENATED WEAK ACIDS, OR MINERALS, COMPOUNDS OR DERIVATIVES THAT GENERATE SAME, IN COPPER ELECTROWINNING PROCESSES IN CATHODES OR ANODES OF ELECTROLYTIC CELLS, ORIGINATING FROM THE LEACHING OF A COPPER MINERAL

The invention relates to the use of oxygenated or polyoxygenated weak acids, or minerals or compounds that generate the same to stabilize and buffer the electrolyte solution, thereby improving its conductivity, and/or catalytically promoting copper electrodeposition. 1. Use of oxygenated or polyoxygenated weak acids , or minerals or compounds that generate the same COMPRISING stabilization and buffering of the electrolyte solution , thereby improving its conductivity , and/or catalytically promoting copper electrodeposition , even in processes with high current intensity and high speed cation deposition2. Use of oxygenated or polyoxygenated weak acids claim 1 , or minerals or compounds that generate the same in a copper electrodeposition process of COMPRISING a weak acid that can be claim 1 , among others claim 1 , boric acid or phosphoric acid.3. Use of oxygenated or polyoxygenated weak acids claim 1 , or minerals or compounds that generate the same in a copper electrodeposition process of COMPRISING a weak acid that is preferably boric acid claim 1 , also called orthoboric acid.4. Use of oxygenated or polyoxygenated weak acids claim 1 , or minerals or compounds that generate the same in a copper electrodeposition process of COMPRISING a weak acid that is preferably phosphoric acid claim 1 , also called orthophosphoric acid.5. Use of oxygenated or polyoxygenated weak acids claim 1 , or minerals or compounds that generate the same in a copper electrodeposition process of COMPRISING a material containing boron or phosphorus.6. Use of oxygenated or polyoxygenated weak acids claim 1 , or minerals or compounds that generate the same in a copper electrodeposition process of COMPRISING a material containing boron.7. Use of oxygenated or polyoxygenated weak acids claim 1 , or minerals or compounds that generate the same in a copper electrodeposition process of COMPRISING a material containing phosphorus.8. Use of oxygenated or polyoxygenated weak acids claim 1 , or ...

METHOD FOR INDUSTRIAL COPPER ELECTROREFINING

A method of copper electrorefining is disclosed. The method includes arranging at least one anode of copper material to be refined in contact with an electrolyte solution and arranging at least one cathode in contact with the electrolyte solution. The anode and cathode are connected electrically to an electrical source, and the source is operated under potential controlled conditions. The electrical potential at the cathode is −0.30 V to −0.55 V with respect to the copper material at the anode, thereby causing the deposition of electrorefined copper at the cathode. The method also includes potentiostatic pulse electrolysis (PPE) and periodic potential reversal (PPR) in order to produce a copper deposit having a controllable structure, for example in terms of roughness or porosity. An apparatus for performing potential controlled electrolysis is also disclosed. 1. A method of industrial copper electrorefining comprising , arranging at least one anode of copper material to be refined in contact with an electrolyte solution; arranging at least one cathode in contact with the electrolyte solution; electrically connecting the anode and cathode to an electrical source , and operating the electrical source under electrical potential controlled conditions such that during at least part of the application of the said conditions , the electrical potential at the cathode is −0.30 V to −0.55 V with respect to the copper material at the anode , thereby causing the deposition of electrorefined copper at the cathode.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the electrical potential controlled conditions include the application of complex form potential.3. A method according to claim 2 , wherein claim 2 , during the said conditions claim 2 , one or more of the magnitude and polarity of the electrical potential are modulated.4. A method according to claim 3 , wherein the electrical potential is modulated as a rectangular waveform having a magnitude of the electrical potential at ...

Process for Leaching Metal Sulfides with Reagents Having Thiocarbonyl Functional Groups

This application pertains to methods of recovering metals from metal sulfides that involve contacting the metal sulfide with an acidic sulfate solution containing ferric sulfate and a reagent that has a thiocarbonyl functional group, wherein the concentration of reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is sufficient to increase the rate of metal ion extraction relative to an acidic sulfate solution that does not contain the reagent, to produce a pregnant solution containing the metal ions. 159.-. (canceled)60. A method of recovering at least one base metal from at least one base metal sulfide in a material , the method comprising:contacting the material with an acidic sulfate solution comprising a reagent having a thiocarbonyl functional group, wherein the reagent is thioacetamide (TA), to produce a pregnant solution containing base metal ions; andrecovering the at least one base metal from the pregnant solution.61. The method of claim 60 , wherein the acidic sulfate solution further comprises ferric sulfate.62. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.2 mM to about 30 mM.63. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.2 mM to about 20 mM.64. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.2 mM to about 10 mM.65. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.2 mM to about 5 mM.66. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.2 mM to about 4 mM.67. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.2 mM to about 3 mM.68. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic sulfate ...

Process for Leaching Metal Sulfides with Reagents Having Thiocarbonyl Functional Groups

This application pertains to methods of recovering metals from metal sulfides that involve contacting the metal sulfide with an acidic sulfate solution containing ferric sulfate and a reagent that has a thiocarbonyl functional group, wherein the concentration of reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is sufficient to increase the rate of metal ion extraction relative to an acidic sulfate solution that does not contain the reagent, to produce a pregnant solution containing the metal ions. 159.-. (canceled)60. A method of recovering at least one base metal from at least one base metal sulfide in a material , the method comprising:contacting the material with an acidic sulfate solution comprising a reagent having a thiocarbonyl functional group, wherein the reagent is sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate (SDDC), to produce a pregnant solution containing base metal ions; andrecovering the at least one base metal from the pregnant solution.61. The method of claim 60 , wherein the acidic sulfate solution further comprises ferric sulfate.62. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.2 mM to about 30 mM.63. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.2 mM to about 20 mM.64. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.2 mM to about 10 mM.65. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.2 mM to about 5 mM.66. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.2 mM to about 4 mM.67. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.2 mM to about 3 mM.68. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in ...

Process for Leaching Metal Sulfides with Reagents Having Thiocarbonyl Functional Groups

This application pertains to methods of recovering metals from metal sulfides that involve contacting the metal sulfide with an acidic sulfate solution containing ferric sulfate and a reagent that has a thiocarbonyl functional group, wherein the concentration of reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is sufficient to increase the rate of metal ion extraction relative to an acidic sulfate solution that does not contain the reagent, to produce a pregnant solution containing the metal ions. 159.-. (canceled)60. A method of recovering at least one base metal from at least one base metal sulfide in a material , the method comprising:contacting the material with an acidic sulfate solution comprising a reagent having a thiocarbonyl functional group, wherein the reagent is ethylene trithiocarbonate (ETC), to produce a pregnant solution containing base metal ions; andrecovering the at least one base metal from the pregnant solution.61. The method of claim 60 , wherein the acidic sulfate solution further comprises ferric sulfate.62. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.2 mM to about 30 mM.63. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.2 mM to about 20 mM.64. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.2 mM to about 10 mM.65. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.2 mM to about 5 mM.66. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.2 mM to about 4 mM.67. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.2 mM to about 3 mM.68. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the ...

Process for Leaching Metal Sulfides with Reagents Having Thiocarbonyl Functional Groups

This application pertains to methods of recovering metals from metal sulfides that involve contacting the metal sulfide with an acidic sulfate solution containing ferric sulfate and a reagent that has a thiocarbonyl functional group, wherein the concentration of reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is sufficient to increase the rate of metal ion extraction relative to an acidic sulfate solution that does not contain the reagent, to produce a pregnant solution containing the metal ions. 159.-.(canceled)60. A method of recovering at least one base metal from at least one base metal sulfide in a material , the method comprising:contacting the material with an acidic sulfate solution comprising a reagent having a thiocarbonyl functional group, wherein the reagent is thiosemicarbazide (TSCA), to produce a pregnant solution containing base metal ions; andrecovering the at least one base metal from the pregnant solution.61. The method of claim 60 , wherein the acidic sulfate solution further comprises ferric sulfate.62. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.2 mM to about 30 mM.63. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.2 mM to about 20 mM.64. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.2 mM to about 10 mM.65. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.2 mM to about 5 mM.66. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.2 mM to about 4 mM.67. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.2 mM to about 3 mM.68. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic ...

Process for Leaching Metal Sulfides with Reagents Having Thiocarbonyl Functional Groups

This application pertains to methods of recovering metals from metal sulfides that involve contacting the metal sulfide with an acidic sulfate solution containing ferric sulfate and a reagent that has a thiocarbonyl functional group, wherein the concentration of reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is sufficient to increase the rate of metal ion extraction relative to an acidic sulfate solution that does not contain the reagent, to produce a pregnant solution containing the metal ions. 159.-. (canceled)60. A method of recovering at least one metal from an ore containing at least one metal sulfide , the method comprising:contacting the ore with an acidic sulfate solution comprising ferric sulfate and formamidine disulfide (FDS) to produce a pregnant solution containing metal ions; andrecovering the at least one metal from the pregnant solution,wherein the at least one metal includes:copper, wherein the at least one metal sulfide includes chalcopyrite, covellite, bornite, enargite, a copper sulfide of the formula CuxSy wherein the x:y ratio is between 1 and 2, or a combination thereof;cadmium, wherein the at least one metal sulfide is greenockite;nickel, wherein the at least one metal sulfide is pentlandite, violarite, or a combination thereof;or a combination thereof.61. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of FDS in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.1 mM to about 15 mM.62. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of FDS in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.1 mM to about 10 mM.63. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of FDS in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.2 mM to about 5 mM.64. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of FDS in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.1 mM to about 2.5 mM.65. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of FDS in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.1 mM to about 2 mM.66. The ...

Process for Leaching Metal Sulfides with Reagents Having Thiocarbonyl Functional Groups

This application pertains to methods of recovering metals from metal sulfides that involve contacting the metal sulfide with an acidic sulfate solution containing ferric sulfate and a reagent that has a thiocarbonyl functional group, wherein the concentration of reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is sufficient to increase the rate of metal ion extraction relative to an acidic sulfate solution that does not contain the reagent, to produce a pregnant solution containing the metal ions. 159.-. (canceled)60. A method of recovering at least one metal from an ore containing at least one metal sulfide , the method comprising:contacting the ore with an acidic sulfate solution containing ferric sulfate and a reagent having a thiocarbonyl functional group to extract metal ions from the at least one metal sulfide, wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is sufficient to increase the rate of the metal ion extraction relative to an acidic sulfate solution that does not contain the reagent, to produce a pregnant solution containing the metal ions; andrecovering the at least one metal from the pregnant solution,wherein the at least one metal includes:copper, wherein the at least one metal sulfide includes chalcopyrite, covellite, bornite, enargite, a copper sulfide of the formula CuxSy wherein the x:y ratio is between 1 and 2, or a combination thereof;cadmium, wherein the at least one metal sulfide is greenockite;nickel, wherein the at least one metal sulfide is pentlandite, violarite, or a combination thereof; or a combination thereof.61. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.2 mM to about 30 mM.62. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of about 0.2 mM to about 20 mM.63. The method of claim 60 , wherein the concentration of the reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is in the range of ...

Process for Leaching Metal Sulfides with Reagents Having Thiocarbonyl Functional Groups

This application pertains to methods of recovering metals from metal sulfides that involve contacting the metal sulfide with an acidic sulfate solution containing ferric sulfate and a reagent that has a thiocarbonyl functional group, wherein the concentration of reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is sufficient to increase the rate of metal ion extraction relative to an acidic sulfate solution that does not contain the reagent, to produce a pregnant solution containing the metal ions.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING HIGH-PURITY ELECTROLYTIC COPPER

In a method for producing high-purity electrolytic copper, a first additive (A) containing an aromatic ring of a hydrophobic group and a polyoxyalkylene group of a hydrophilic group, a second additive (B) formed of polyvinyl alcohols, and a third additive (C) formed of tetrazoles are added to a copper electrolyte, copper electrolysis is performed by controlling each concentration of the first additive (A), the second additive (B), and the third additive (C), a current density and a bath temperature, and accordingly, electrolytic copper in which a concentration of Ag is less than 0.2 mass ppm, a concentration of S is less than 0.07 mass ppm, a concentration of all impurities is less than 0.2 mass ppm, and an area ratio of crystal grains having an average crystal grain misorientation (referred to as a GOS value) exceeding 2.5° is 10% or less is obtained. 1. A method for producing high-purity electrolytic copper , comprising:adding a first additive (A) containing an aromatic ring of a hydrophobic group and a polyoxyalkylene group of a hydrophilic group, a second additive (B) formed of polyvinyl alcohols, and a third additive (C) formed of tetrazoles to a copper electrolyte; andperforming copper electrolysis by setting a concentration of the first additive (A) to be 10 mg/L to 500 mg/L, a concentration of the second additive (B) to be 1 mg/L to 100 mg/L, a concentration of the third additive (C) to be 0.01 mg/L to 30 mg/L, a concentration ratio (B/A) of the second additive (B) to the first additive (A) to be 0.1 to 0.8, and a concentration ratio (C/A) of the third additive (C) to the first additive (A) to be greater than 0 and 0.7 or less, and controlling a current density and a bath temperature to produce electrolytic copper in which a concentration of Ag is less than 0.2 mass ppm, a concentration of S is less than 0.1 mass ppm, a concentration of all impurities is less than 0.2 mass ppm, and an area ratio of crystal grains having an average crystal grain ...

METHODS OF PREPARING METAL CONTAINING INORGANIC ION EXCHANGERS

A method of preparing a metal containing inorganic ion exchanger in an electrochemical cell is disclosed. In one embodiment, the method comprises: (a) adding the inorganic ion exchanger to the electrochemical cell, wherein the electrochemical cell comprises a conductive electrolyte solution having a liquid phase and a solid phase; (b) depositing metal ions electrochemically into the liquid phase; (c) allowing the metal ions to deposit onto the inorganic ion exchanger during an electrochemical reaction to obtain a metal containing inorganic ion exchanger; (d) collecting the solid phase comprising the metal containing inorganic ion exchanger obtained in step (c); (e) removing remaining metal ions from the liquid phase; and (f) obtaining a substantially metal free liquid phase. 1. A method of preparing a metal containing inorganic ion exchanger in an electrochemical cell , the method comprising:(a) adding the inorganic ion exchanger to the electrochemical cell, wherein the electrochemical cell comprises a conductive electrolyte solution having a liquid phase and a solid phase;(b) depositing metal ions electrochemically into the liquid phase;(c) allowing the metal ions to deposit onto the inorganic ion exchanger during an electrochemical reaction to obtain a metal containing inorganic ion exchanger;(d) collecting the solid phase comprising the metal containing inorganic ion exchanger obtained in step (c);(e) removing remaining metal ions from the liquid phase; and(f) obtaining a substantially metal free liquid phase.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein step (e) comprises removing the remaining metal ions by an electrochemical method claim 1 , by a precipitation method claim 1 , by a complexing method claim 1 , by a distillation method claim 1 , or combinations thereof.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein step (e) of removing remaining metal ions from the solution comprises:(i) reversing the working electrode and the counter electrode and/or(ii) changing the pH of the ...

METHOD AND PROCESS FOR THE ENHANCED LEACHING OF COPPER SULFIDE MINERALS CONTAINING CHALCOPYRITE

A method of leaching a copper bearing sulfide mineral slurry containing chalcopyrite is described. The method comprises the steps of providing a slurry having chalcopyrite particles therein, exposing the slurry to an acidic leach solution, and chemically leaching copper from the slurry into the acidic leach solution in the presence of microwave irradiation. The microwave irradiation of the slurry takes place under process conditions whereby crystalline pyrite may be formed in-situ on surfaces of the chalcopyrite particles. Crystalline pyrite may be formed on surfaces of the chalcopyrite particles from amorphous phase pyrite. Leached copper is recovered from said acidic leach solution. A device for more efficiently leaching a copper bearing sulfide mineral slurry containing chalcopyrite is also described herein. 1. A method of leaching a copper-bearing sulfide mineral slurry , comprising the steps of:(a) providing a slurry having copper sulfide particles therein;(b) exposing the slurry to an acidic leach solution;(c) chemically leaching copper from the slurry into the acidic leach solution in the presence of microwave irradiation, under conditions whereby crystalline pyrite can be formed in-situ, on surfaces of the copper sulfide particles;(d) generating microwaves at a predetermined frequency or intensity that is configured for forming crystalline pyrite on surfaces of the copper sulfide particles in-situ; and(d) recovering leached copper from said acidic leach solution.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein step (c) is further performed under conditions whereby elemental sulfur (which may form surface passivation layer(s) on the copper sulfide particles as a result of exposure to the acidic leach solution) claim 1 , is prevented from entering a plasma phase.3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising forming crystalline pyrite on surfaces of the copper sulfide particles in-situ and/or converting amorphous pyrite to crystalline pyrite.4. The method of claim 1 , ...

Cell for metal electrowinning

The present invention relates to an electrolyser for electrowinning of non-ferrous metals comprising a plurality of intercalated elementary cells, wherein each elementary cell is equipped with a device suitable for the detection of anomalies in the distribution of electric current to the respective anode.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR METAL RECOVERY

Various embodiments provide a process roasting a metal bearing material under oxidizing conditions to produce an oxidized metal bearing material, roasting the oxidized metal bearing material under reducing conditions to produce a roasted metal bearing material, and leaching the roasted metal bearing material in a basic medium to yield a pregnant leach solution. 1. (canceled)2. A process comprising:roasting a metal bearing material comprising a copper carbonate under oxidizing conditions;roasting the metal bearing material under reducing conditions, at a temperature of about 475° C. or greater; andleaching the metal bearing material in a basic medium to yield a pregnant leach solution.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the basic medium comprises at least one of ammonia claim 2 , ammonium carbonate and ammonium sulfate.4. The process of claim 2 , wherein the oxidizing conditions comprise an oxygen gas containing atmosphere.5. The process of claim 2 , wherein the reducing conditions comprise a hydrogen gas containing atmosphere.6. The process of claim 2 , further comprising subjecting the pregnant leach solution to a solution extraction process to yield a loaded aqueous stream.7. The process of claim 6 , wherein an extraction stage of the solution extraction yields a cobalt-bearing raffinate.8. The process of claim 7 , further comprising precipitating cobalt from the cobalt-bearing raffinate.9. The process of claim 8 , wherein the precipitating yields cobalt sulfide.10. The process of claim 9 , wherein the cobalt sulfide is subjected to leaching.11. The process of claim 6 , subjecting the loaded aqueous stream to electrowinning.12. The process of claim 2 , wherein the copper carbonate comprises at least one of azurite and malachite.13. A process comprising:oxidizing a metal bearing material comprising a copper carbonate to produce an oxidized metal bearing material;reducing the oxidized metal bearing material at a temperature of about 475° C. or greater to produce a ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR RECOVERY OF MATERIAL GENERATED DURING ELECTROCHEMICAL MATERIAL REMOVAL IN ACIDIC ELECTROLYTES

A method for recycling metallic material produced by an electrochemical material removal process. The method includes flowing an electrolyte solution between an anode workpiece and a cathode tool in a first electrolytic process, the first electrolytic process including applying a first electrolytic current and voltage between the anode workpiece and the cathode tool and thereby causing metal ions to be removed from the anode workpiece and dissolved and substantially retained in the electrolyte solution. The electrolyte solution with the metal ions therein is passed between an electrowinning cathode and an electrowinning anode in a second electrolytic process, the second electrolytic process including applying a second electrolytic current and voltage between the electrowinning cathode and the electrowinning anode and thereby causing the metal ions to be removed from the electrolyte solution and deposited onto the electrowinning cathode. 1. A method for recycling metallic material produced by an electrochemical material removal process , the method comprising the steps of:flowing an electrolyte solution between an anode workpiece and a cathode tool in a first electrolytic process, the first electrolytic process including applying a first electrolytic current and voltage between the anode workpiece and the cathode tool and thereby causing metal ions to be removed from the anode workpiece and dissolved and substantially retained in the electrolyte solution; andflowing the electrolyte solution with the metal ions therein between an electrowinning cathode and an electrowinning anode in a second electrolytic process, the second electrolytic process including applying a second electrolytic current and voltage between the electrowinning cathode and the electrowinning anode and thereby causing the metal ions to be removed from the electrolyte solution and deposited onto the electrowinning cathode.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising reflowing the electrolyte ...

INTEGRATED HYDROMETALLURGICAL AND PYROMETALLURGICAL METHOD FOR PROCESSING ORE

A process for recovering copper, uranium and one or more precious metals from an ore material, including: a. forming a heap of the ore material; b. subjecting the heap of the ore material to an acidic heap leach using an iron containing acidic leach solution in the presence of an oxygen containing gas, and producing a pregnant leach solution and a ripios; c. subjecting the ripios to flotation to produce a copper containing ripios concentrate and tailings; and d. subjecting the ripios concentrate to a smelting process to produce a smelted copper product. e. recovering copper and uranium from the pregnant leach solution. 1. A process for recovering copper , uranium and one or more precious metals from an ore material , the process comprising:a. forming a heap of an ore material;b. subjecting the heap of the ore material to an acidic heap leach using an iron comprising acidic leach solution in the presence of an oxygen containing gas, and producing a pregnant leach solution and a ripios;c. subjecting the ripios to flotation to produce a copper comprising ripios concentrate and tailings; andd. subjecting the ripios concentrate to a smelting process to produce a smelted copper product.e. recovering copper and uranium from the pregnant leach solution.2. The process of claim 1 , further comprising:f. electro-refining the smelted copper product to produce cathode copper and precious metal-containing anode slimes; andg. recovering one or more precious metals from the precious metal-containing anode slimes.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the ore material comprises copper sulphides and uranium minerals.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the smelting process comprises two smelting stages.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the smelting process comprises a primary smelting stage and a secondary smelting stage.6. The process of claim 5 , wherein the primary smelting stage is conducted in a matte smelting furnace.7. The process of claim 5 , wherein the secondary smelting ...

Apparatus for recovery of material generated during electrochemical material removal in acidic electrolytes

A system for recycling machined metal produced by an electrochemical material removal process. The system includes a machining unit and an electrowinning unit. The machining unit includes an anode to receive a workpiece, a cathode tool, and a first pulse generator to provide a voltage or current waveform between the anode and the cathode tool. The electrowinning unit includes an electrowinning cathode, an electrowinning anode, and a second pulse generator to provide a voltage or current waveform between the electrowinning anode and the electrowinning cathode. The machining unit is in fluid communication with the electrowinning unit.

HIGH PURITY COPPER SPUTTERING TARGET MATERIAL

A high purity copper sputtering target material includes Cu at a purity of 99.99998 mass % or more excluding O, H, N and C, wherein an Al content is 0.005 mass ppm or less, a Si content is 0.05 mass ppm or less, an Fe content is 0.02 mass ppm or less, a S content is 0.03 mass ppm or less, Cl content is 0.1 mass ppm or less, n O content is 1 mass ppm or less, H content is 1 mass ppm or less, a N content is 1 mass ppm or less, and a C content is 1 mass ppm or less. 1. A high purity copper sputtering target material comprising Cu at a purity of 99.99998 mass % or more excluding O , H , N and C , whereinan Al content is 0.005 mass ppm or less,a Si content is 0.05 mass ppm or less,an Fe content is 0.02 mass ppm or less,a S content is 0.03 mass ppm or less,a Cl content is 0.1 mass ppm or less,an O content is 1 mass ppm or less,a H content is 1 mass ppm or less,a N content is 1 mass ppm or less, anda C content is 1 mass ppm or less.2. The high purity copper sputtering target material according to claim 1 , whereina value of L15°/L is 0.8 or more, L being a total length of grain boundaries formed between adjacent crystal grains with a crystal orientation difference in a range of more than 2° and 180° or less, and L15° being a length of large tilt angle grain boundaries formed between adjacent crystal grains with a crystal orientation difference in a range of 15° or more and 180° or less.3. The high purity copper sputtering target material according to claim 1 , wherein a local orientation difference of crystal orientations obtained by a crystal orientation measurement by an electron backscattering diffraction is 1.5° or less.4. The high purity copper sputtering target material according to claim 1 , wherein a total number of molecules of a released gas is 5×10/g or less claim 1 , the total number of molecules of a released gas being obtained by: heating a sample collected from the target material in an ultra-high vacuum of 1×10Pa or less with a temperature desorption gas ...

SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND STRIPPING SYSTEM

An apparatus for separating a mixture of two liquids of different densities which liquids are substantially insoluble in one another includes a hollow permeable body having a recess for receiving a first fluid which can flow from the recess through the permeable body to an exterior of the permeable body. A housing surrounds and is spaced from the exterior of the permeable body. The housing has an inlet for a second fluid and an outlet for a mixture of the first and second fluid. A baffle or baffles are provided in the space between the exterior of the permeable body and the housing, and to define a mixing channel in space between the exterior of the permeable body and the housing so that the second fluid can enter the housing inlet and flow through the mixing channel to the outlet, while picking up fluid on the exterior of the permeable body. 1. An apparatus for mixing of two liquids of different densities which liquids are substantially insoluble in one another , said apparatus comprising:a first mixing vessel in the form of an elongate cylindrical housing having a first fluid inlet for introduction of a first fluid adjacent a first end, and a fluid outlet adjacent a second end, said first mixing vessel including a permeable body in the form of a cylindrical tube coaxially disposed within and spaced from an interior wall of said cylindrical housing, said permeable body having a second fluid inlet for a second fluid adjacent said first end and being closed adjacent said second end, said permeable body being at least partially filled with loosely packed finely divided media or frits, and having a baffle or baffles in the space between the exterior of the permeable body and an interior wall of the housing, the baffle or baffles being spaced to define a mixing channel through the space between the exterior of the permeable body and the interior wall of the housing so that the first fluid can enter the housing inlet and flow through the mixing channel to the outlet, ...

Methods And Systems For Controlling Impurity Metal Concentration During Metallurgic Processes

Reagent compositions, methods and systems for reducing concentrations of impurity metals during metallurgic processes. Certain methods and systems in particular pertain to control of iron concentration in copper electrowinning electrolyte solutions. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the iron transfer comprises measuring a difference in iron concentration entering and exiting the copper electrowinning station.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the copper extraction system further comprises an extraction stage in which copper is extracted into an organic phase to provide a loaded organic claim 1 , and a strip stage in which copper is stripped from the organic phase to provide a stripped organic claim 1 , and determining the iron transfer comprises calculating the sum of:a. an iron strip rate determined by the difference in iron concentration between the loaded organic and the stripped organic; andb. an iron entrainment rate determined by an iron concentration in an aqueous entrainment in the organic phase.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the iron transfer is an iron amount per unit of time claim 1 , an iron amount claim 1 , an iron concentration or an iron concentration per unit of time.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the iron removal is an iron amount per unit of time claim 1 , an iron amount claim 1 , an iron concentration or an iron concentration per unit of time.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein one or more of Rin the monoalkyl phosphate ester is a branched or linear C-Calkyl group.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the monoalkyl phosphate ester comprises iso-octyl phosphoric acid claim 6 , 2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid claim 6 , octophenyl phosphoric acid or nonylphenyl phosphoric acid.8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising contacting bleed portion with a modifier.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the modifier comprises a C-Clinear claim 8 , branched or cyclic or aryl alcohol.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the extraction agent ...

NEW ELECTRO-CHEMICAL PROCESS BASED ON A DIMENSIONLESS FACTOR

The invention relates to a new way of reducing dissolved metals, in particular Cuto Cu, in which the effect of the diffusion-limiting layer is regulated, optimising the variables which determine the mobilisation of the metal ion (Cu+) towards the cathode and the thermodynamic stability of the reduction reaction of Cu+to Cu(or metal of interest) on the cathodic surface. The process is carried out by controlling a dimensionless ratio (referred to as t) or the cathodic polarisation, within certain predefined margins, dynamically adjusting concentrations, flows and/or electrical currents to maintain the predefined operating conditions at an optimum level. 1. A process of electrochemical reduction of Cuand other metals , such as Ni , Ag , As , and Co , which controls migratory , diffusive and convective variables , allowing the extraction of Cufrom dilute solutions and in the presence of other ions , CHARACTERIZED because it operates maintaining the cathode potential Ec or the recovery within a predefined range. To prevent the Ec from exceeding the limits of a certain range , the flow of cupric ions should be increased or decreased , and the density of the current fed should be decreased or increased. To prevent the from exceeding the limits of a certain range , the flow of cupric ions should increased or decreased , and the density of the current fed should be decreased or increased.2. An electrolytic process according to claim 1 , CHARACTERIZED because depending on the operational range of Ec or that is selected claim 1 , it can be used in the extraction of high purity Cu claim 1 , Cuto refining claim 1 , As and Cu by means of the formation of cupro-arsenicals claim 1 , or extracting As by the formation of Arsine.3. A process according to claim 1 , CHARACTERIZED in that it is equipped with Ec sensor (s) claim 1 , sensors of the flow fed to the cells claim 1 , and equipment that allows the feeding flows to the cells to be varied claim 1 , based on the Ec readings. The ...

MONITORING CONDITION OF ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS

Disclosed herein are methods, systems, and computer programs that relate to monitoring condition of one or more electrochemical cells or a group of the electrochemical cells in one or more electrolyzers. 1. A method for monitoring condition of one or more electrochemical cells in an electrolyzer , the method comprising:characterizing a reference voltage range for one or more electrochemical cells in an electrolyzer during operation, wherein the one or more electrochemical cells comprise an anode in contact with an anolyte comprising metal ions, and wherein the reference voltage range is dynamic dependent on factors comprising current density and concentration of the metal ions in the anolyte of the one or more electrochemical cells;acquiring a voltage of the one or more electrochemical cells during the operation;comparing the acquired voltage with the reference voltage range based on the factors; andgenerating an alarm trigger when the acquired voltage deviates from the reference voltage range, thereby monitoring the condition of the one or more electrochemical cells in the electrolyzer.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising determining the concentration of the metal ions in the anolyte of the one or more electrochemical cells and based on the determination claim 1 , characterizing the reference voltage range for the one or more electrochemical cells.3. The method of claim 2 , comprising determining the concentration of the metal ions in the feed anolyte and/or exit anolyte from the one or more of the electrochemical cells in the electrolyzer.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anolyte further comprises salt ions and the factors further comprise concentration of the salt ions in the anolyte during the operation of the one or more electrochemical cells.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the salt ions are alkali metal salt ions or alkaline earth metal salt ions.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the concentration of the metal ions in the anolyte comprises ...

Process and apparatus for metal refining

The invention is directed to a process and apparatus for metal refining, in particular for refining a mixture of conductive particles, such as heavy non-ferrous particles. In accordance with the invention a feed containing a mixture of conductive particles is fed to a dissolution unit, wherein the less noble metal is separated from a metal of interest in the presence of one or more acids or complexing agents, thus producing a stream having a concentrated less noble metal and producing a conductive stream containing a metal of interest. The conductive stream is then fed to a refining unit, wherein the conductive stream is separated in a stream of concentrated metal(s) of interest and a stream of concentrated conductive particles.

Heap Leaching of Copper

A method of leaching copper from a heap of ore that includes at least one resting step followed by an irrigation step, wherein, during the irrigation step a leach solution that contains chloride ions is applied to the ore at a higher rate than during the resting step. 120.-. (canceled)21. A method of leaching copper from a heap of ore comprising at least one resting step followed by an irrigation step , wherein during the irrigation step a leach solution that contains chloride ions is applied to the ore at a higher rate than during the resting step and during the irrigation step a chloride ion concentration of the leach solution is between 100 g/l and 190 g/l , wherein the resting step has a duration of at least 20 hours.22. The method according to wherein claim 21 , during the resting step claim 21 , no leach solution is applied to the ore.23. The method according to wherein claim 21 , during the irrigation step claim 21 , the leach solution has a sulphuric acid concentration of between 4 g/l and 100 g/l.24. The method according to wherein claim 21 , during or after the irrigation step claim 21 , copper is recovered from a solution drained from the heap by a solvent extraction step with at least one copper-loaded organic washing stage to promote an electrolyte chloride ion concentration below 50 ppm.25. The method according to wherein a first resting step occurs after construction of the heap from agglomerated ore.26. The method according to wherein the irrigation step is continuous.27. The method according to wherein claim 21 , in the resting step claim 21 , the chloride ion concentration of the leach solution contacting the ore is between 100 g/l and 190 g/l.28. The method according to wherein claim 21 , in the resting step claim 21 , the leach solution contacting the ore contains at least 0.5 g/l of soluble copper.29. The method according to wherein the resting step has a duration of up to 50 days to enhance dissolution of the ore.30. The method according to ...

EFFECT OF OPERATING PARAMETERS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL IN COPPER-CHLORINE CYCLE

The electrolysis of cuprous chloride was carried out in the electrochemical cell. The particle size, current density, cathodic current efficiency, conversion of cuprous chloride and yield of copper formed depends strongly on current flow, heat transfer and mass transfer operation. The current flow, heat transfer and mass transfer are depends on surface area ratio of anode to cathode, distance between electrodes, concentration of HCl, applied voltage, flow rate of electrolyte, CuCl concentration and reaction temperature. The electrolysis of cuprous chloride as a part of Cu—Cl thermochemical cycle for hydrogen production is experimentally demonstrated in proof-of-concept work. 1. A process for electrolysis of cuprous chloride to produce copper , comprising the steps of:(i) contacting at least one anode and at least one cathode of electrochemical cell with electrolyte in compartment/s(ii) applying a voltage between anode and cathode to produce copper2. A process for electrolysis of cuprous chloride as claimed in wherein a voltage is applied between anode and cathode by keeping distance in the range of 0.01 cm to 100 cm.3. A process for electrolysis of cuprous chloride as claimed in wherein membrane is placed at distance 0.05 cm to 90 cm from electrodes.4. A process for electrolysis of cuprous chloride as claimed in wherein membrane has surface ratio of inner surface area of electrodes to surface area of membrane is in range of 1.06-10 claim 1 , most preferably 1.5-1.8.5. A process for electrolysis of cuprous chloride as claimed in claim 1 , wherein electrolyte is cuprous chloride in hydrochloric acid.6. A process for electrolysis of cuprous chloride as claimed in claim 1 , wherein anode and cathode are separated by ion exchange membrane.7. A process for electrolysis of cuprous chloride as claimed in claim 5 , wherein hydrochloric acid has concentration in the range of about 0.1 N to 12 N.8. A process for electrolysis of cuprous chloride as claimed in claim 7 , wherein ...

EWS MODULE DEVICE FOR ELECTRO-WINNING AND/OR ELECTRO-REFINING, INTERCONNECTION PROCESS, AND OPERATING PROCESS THEREOF

The invention relates to an EWS module device for electro-winning and/or electro-refining, based on a saturated leaching solution of PLS/electrolyte/raffmate/ILS without solvent extraction, characterised by comprising: a tank ( and ); a set of electrolytic cells contained within the tank, wherein the cells are electrically and volumetrically separated by the internal walls of the module (), with the cells being connected in series by a joining board or capping board (); an intercellular bar (); an intercellular bar guide (); inlet and outlet ducts for the PLS/electrolyte/raffinate/ILS () and () for each cell independently; and each EWS module is in turn connected to the other modules by an inter-module connector (), and same in turn control the connection and disconnection of the EWS modules by an interrupter (); operating process of the EWS module device; and connection and disconnection process between different EWS module devices. 1101215143121711181825. An EWS module device for electrowinning and/or electrorefining , based on a pregnant leach solution (PLS) without extraction by solvents , comprising: a tank ( and ); a group of electrolytic cells () contained within the tank , where the cells are separated electrically and volumetrically by internal walls of the EWS module device () and the cells are connected in series by a capping board (); an intercell bar (); an intercell guide bar (); entry and exit ducts for a mixed solution of PLS/Electrolyte/Raffinate/intermediate leach solution (ILS) () and () for each cell independently; and an intermodule connector () for interconnecting the EWS module device to another EWS module device , where the intermodule connector () regulates the connection and disconnection of the EWS module device via a continuous current switch ().214. The EWS module device of claim 1 , wherein the tank is separated internally and hermetically through the internal walls of the EWS module device () where the number of internal walls is ...

SILVER-COATED COPPER POWDER, AND CONDUCTIVE PASTE, CONDUCTIVE COATING MATERIAL AND CONDUCTIVE SHEET EACH OF WHICH USES SAME

Provided is a dendritic silver-coated copper powder which is capable of effectively ensuring a contact, while having excellent electrical conductivity by having the surface coated with silver. A silver-coated copper powder according to the present invention is obtained by coating the surface of a copper powder , which is an assembly of copper particles and has a dendritic form having a plurality of branches, with silver. Each copper particle , the surface of which is coated with silver, is an ellipsoid that has a breadth within the range of from 0.2 μm to 0.5 μm and a length within the range of from 0.5 μm to 2.0 μm. The average particle diameter (D50) of the copper powder , which is obtained by coating the surface of the assembly of the ellipsoidal copper particles with silver, is from 5.0 μm to 20 μm. 1. A silver-coated copper powder , whereina surface of a copper powder formed of copper particles gathered to constitute a dendritic shape having a plurality of branches is coated with silver,the copper particles having the surface coated with silver are an ellipsoid having a size in a range of from 0.2 μm to 0.5 μm as a minor axis diameter and from 0.5 μm to 2.0 μm as a major axis diameter, andan average particle diameter (D50) of the copper powder that is constituted as ellipsoidal copper particles gather and has the surface coated with silver is from 5.0 μm to 20 μm.2. The silver-coated copper powder according to claim 1 , wherein a diameter of a dendritic branch portion is from 0.5 μm to 2.0 μm in the copper powder having the surface coated with silver.3. The silver-coated copper powder according to claim 1 , wherein an amount of silver coated is from 1% by mass to 50% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the entire silver-coated copper powder coated with silver.4. The silver-coated copper powder according to claim 1 , wherein a BET specific surface area value is from 0.3 m/g to 3.0 m/g.5. A metal filler comprising the silver-coated copper powder according to ...

Acid Mist Mitigation Agents for Electrolyte Solutions

Sulfonate-, sulfate-, or carboxylate-capped, alkoxylated anti-misting agents having the structure: R((AO)X)((AO)H), and methods of suppressing mist from electrolyte solutions by adding a mist-suppressing amount of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds of the Formulas R((AO)X)((AO)H)and RN(CH)R, and mixtures thereof, to electrolyte solutions. 1. An anti-misting compound having the formula: R((AO)B)((AO)(H)(I) , whereineach AO group is, independently, an alkyleneoxy group selected from ethyleneoxy, 1,2-propyleneoxy, 1,2-butyleneoxy, and styryleneoxy groups;n is an integer from 0-to-40;m is from 1 to the total number of —OH hydrogens in the R group prior to alkoxylation;p is an integer such that the sum of m plus p equals the number of —OH hydrogens in the R group prior to alkoxylation;{'sub': 3', '2', 'q', '3', '2', '2', '3', '2', '3', '3, 'B is SOY, (CH)SOY, CHCHOHCHSOY, or CHCH(CH)OSOY,'}where q is an integer from 2-to-4, and Y is a cation; and [{'br': None, 'sub': 2', 'r, 'O(CH)O\u2003\u2003(VII),'}, {'br': None, 'where r is a number from 2-to-6; and'}, {'br': None, 'sub': 3', '2, 'O(CH(CH)CH)O\u2003\u2003(VIII).'}], 'R is compound selected from2. The anti-misting compound according to claim 1 , wherein n is 2-to-15.3. The anti-misting compound according to claim 1 , wherein m is 1.5-to-3.4. The anti-misting compound according to claim 1 , wherein AO is selected from ethyleneoxy claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,2-propyleneoxy claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.5. The anti-misting compound according to claim 4 , wherein AO is ethyleneoxy.6. An anti-misting compound according to claim 4 , wherein n is 2-to-15.7. The anti-misting compound according to claim 1 , wherein Y is a hydrogen claim 1 , potassium claim 1 , sodium or ammonium cation.8. An aqueous electrolyte solution containing:A) a metal, selected from the group consisting of copper, nickel and zinc, in ionic or dispersed metallic form; and [{'br': None, 'sub': n', 'm', 'n', 'p, 'R((AO)B)((AO)H ...

EQUIPMENT FOR SEPARATING ORGANICS FROM AN ELECTROLYTIC STREAM IN ELECTROWINNING PROCESS OF SX/EW PLANTS AND PROCESS THERETO

A compact, light, and continuous-process apparatus for filtering impurities and separating organics contained in an electrolyte stream feeding an electrowinning cell, the apparatus includes an outer body having an octagonal tubular piece, a rear cover and rims or flanges, and an inner body having support housing, a common cover, at least one perforated or slotted tube and at least one high-contract surface filler. The apparatus also includes a rich electrolyte input, a rich electrolyte output, a contaminated electrolyte output, a lower flow input chamber, a mid-chamber for filtered electrolyte output, an upper chamber, and a lower distribution chamber. 1: A compact , light , and continuous-process apparatus for filtering impurities and separating organics contained in an electrolyte stream feeding an electrowinning cell , the apparatus comprising: an octagonal tubular piece;', 'a rear cover; and', 'rims or flanges;, 'a first outer body including support housing;', 'a common cover;', 'at least one perforated or slotted tube;', 'at least one high-contact surface filler;, 'a second inner body includinga rich electrolyte input;a rich electrolyte output;a contaminated electrolyte output;a lower flow input chamber;a mid-chamber for filtered electrolyte output;an upper chamber; anda lower distribution chamber.2: The compact apparatus as recited in claim 1 , wherein the lower flow input chamber is separated from the mid-chamber for filtered electrolyte output by means of a plate.3: The compact apparatus as recited in claim 1 , wherein the mid-chamber for filtered electrolyte output is separated from the upper chamber of the apparatus by means of a plate.4: The compact apparatus as recited in claim 1 , wherein the apparatus is made of composites materials claim 1 , preferably fiberglass with environment-resistant resins55: The compact apparatus as recited in claim 1 , wherein the apparatus operates at pressures higher than atmospheric pressure claim 1 , preferably below bars ...

Acid Mist Mitigation Agents for Electrolyte Solutions

Sulfonate-, sulfate-, or carboxylate-capped, alkoxylated anti-misting agents having the stricture: R(AO)X)((AO)H), and methods of suppressing mist from electrolyte solutions by adding a mist-suppressing amount of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds of the Formulas R((AO)X)((AO)H)and RN(CH)R, and mixtures thereof, to electrolyte solutions. 2. The anti-misting compound according to claim 1 , wherein n is 2-to-15.3. The anti-misting compound according to claim 1 , wherein R is the compound of formula (II) claim 1 , and m is 1.5-to-3.4. (canceled)5. The anti-misting compound according to claim 1 , wherein AO is selected from ethyleneoxy claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,2-propyleneoxy claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.6. The anti-misting compound according to claim 5 , wherein AO is ethyleneoxy.7. An anti-misting compound according to claim 5 , wherein n is 2-to-15.8. The anti-misting compound according to claim 1 , wherein Y is a hydrogen claim 1 , potassium claim 1 , sodium or ammonium cation.10. The aqueous electrolyte solution according to claim 9 , wherein claim 9 , in the compounds of Formula (IX) claim 9 , Rrepresents C-C-alkyl; and Rrepresents CHCO.11. The aqueous electrolyte solution according to claim 10 , wherein Ris octyl claim 10 , an octyl/decyl mixture claim 10 , or decyl; and Rrepresents CHCO212. The aqueous electrolyte solution according to claim 11 , wherein Ris decyl.1317.-. (canceled) This Application is a continuation-in-part of pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/857,473, filed Sep. 19, 2007, which claims the benefit, under 35 USC119, of co-pending U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/828,389, filed Oct. 6, 2006, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.This invention relates to the control of mist formation above electrolyte solutions during processes, such as the electrowinning, electroplating, and electroforming of metals, in which a potentially-hazardous mist is formed.Electrowinning is the ...

METHOD FOR REGENERATING PLATING LIQUID, PLATING METHOD, AND PLATING APPARATUS

A problem to be solved is to provide a method for regenerating plating liquid from plating waste liquid in a simple and easy way and a plating method utilizing the regenerating method. 1. A plating liquid regenerating method for regenerating plating liquid from plating waste liquid that is produced as a result of performing a copper plating on steel and that contains Fe ions and Cu ions , the method being characterized by repetitively performing the following processing steps:applying electric current with the plating waste liquid side taken as a cathode and electrolytic solution side taken as an anode in the state that the plating waste liquid and the electrolytic solution are connected through an anion exchanger; separating copper from the plating waste liquid by making a copper deposition electrode as a result of depositing copper on the electrode being in contact with the plating waste liquid, to turn the plating waste liquid to processed remaining liquid; and using as the anode a copper deposition electrode formed previously and dissolving copper in the electrolytic solution to generate copper ion-containing solution.2. The plating liquid regenerating method described in claim 1 , wherein stannous ions are contained in the plating waste liquid.3. The plating liquid regenerating method described in claim 1 , comprising:an iron removal step of depositing a substance containing iron elements by taking the processed remaining liquid as a cathode side and new electrolytic solution, connected to the processed remaining liquid through an anion exchanger, as an anode side and then by applying electric current; andthe method including using water solution on the anode side after the iron removal step as the electrolytic solution at the processing steps.4. The plating liquid regenerating method described in claim 3 , provided claim 3 , before the iron removal step claim 3 , with a pH control step of adding an oxygen-containing chemical compound comprising HO claim 3 , ...

ADDITIVE FOR HIGH-PURITY COPPER ELECTROLYTIC REFINING AND METHOD OF PRODUCING HIGH-PURITY COPPER

The additive for high-purity copper electrolytic refining of the present invention is an additive which is added to a copper electrolyte in electrolytic refining for high-purity copper and is formed of a non-ionic surfactant that includes a hydrophobic group containing an aromatic ring and a hydrophilic group containing a polyoxyalkylene group, in which a dispersion term dD of the Hansen solubility parameters satisfies 10≦dD≦20, a polarity term dP of the Hansen solubility parameters satisfies 6≦dP≦9, and a hydrogen bonding term dH of the Hansen solubility parameters satisfies 9≦dH≦11. 1. An additive for high-purity copper electrolytic refining which is added to a copper electrolyte in electrolytic refining for high-purity copper and is formed of a non-ionic surfactant that includes a hydrophobic group containing an aromatic ring and a hydrophilic group containing a polyoxyalkylene group , whereina dispersion term dD of Hansen solubility parameters satisfies 10≦dD≦20,a polarity term dP of the Hansen solubility parameters satisfies 6≦dP≦9, anda hydrogen bonding term dH of the Hansen solubility parameters satisfies 9≦dH≦11.2. The additive for high-purity copper electrolytic refining according to claim 1 , whereinthe dispersion term dD of the Hansen solubility parameters of the additive satisfies 12≦dD≦17,the polarity term dP thereof satisfies 7dP≦9, andthe hydrogen bonding term dH thereof satisfies 9≦dH≦11.3. A method of producing high-purity copper comprising:performing electrolysis using a copper electrolyte to which an additive is added which is formed of a non-ionic surfactant that includes a hydrophobic group containing an aromatic ring and a hydrophilic group containing a polyoxyalkylene group and in which a dispersion term dD of the Hansen solubility parameters satisfies 10≦dD≦20, a polarity term dP of the Hansen solubility parameters satisfies 6≦dP≦9, and a hydrogen bonding term dH of the Hansen solubility parameters satisfies 9≦dH≦11.4. The method of producing ...