Apparatus and Methods for Underground Structures and Construction Thereof

Described herein are apparatus, systems and methods useful in forming underground vertical structures. Methods are described for constructing an underground vertical structure, comprising the steps of excavating soil to a sufficient depth to create a circular void to accommodate a plurality of segments; assembling a ring shaped structure comprising the plurality of segments; connecting the outside surface of the ring shaped structure with the soil in said circular void, thereby securing the ring shaped structure to the soil; excavating earth beneath the ring shaped structure to accommodate a second ring shaped structure; and repeating steps b-d thereby forming one or more additional ring shaped structures downward into the earth below already formed ring shaped structures until a predetermined depth is reached; thereby forming the underground vertical structure. Systems to perform the above methods are also disclosed.

SHEET PILE OF CONCRETE AND WALL COMPRISING A PLURALITY OF SAID SHEET PILES

A sheet pile of concrete comprising a reinforcement () which is produced from composite material comprising fibres and a concrete casting () which extends between a first lateral end () thereof and an opposite second lateral end () thereof, the reinforcement () being embedded in the concrete casting (). The sheet pile further comprises a terminal element () which is produced from a polymer material and which comprises a connection element () which is embedded in the concrete casting () and an engagement element () of the sheet pile () which is connected to the connection element (). The connection element () and the engagement element () extend along a longitudinal axis (X) of the sheet pile, in which the engagement element () has a practically “C”-shaped cross-section and projects from the first lateral end () of the concrete casting (). The second lateral end () of the concrete casting () comprises a concrete joint () which extends longitudinally along the longitudinal axis (X) and which is shaped so as to be connected in an interlocking manner to the engagement element () of a second sheet pile. 1. A sheet pile of concrete comprising:a reinforcement which is produced from composite material comprising fibres,a concrete casting which extends between a first lateral end thereof and an opposite second lateral end thereof, the reinforcement being embedded in the concrete casting,a terminal element which is produced from a polymer material and which comprises a connection element which is embedded in the concrete casting and an engagement element of the sheet pile which is connected to the connection element,the connection element and the engagement element extending along a longitudinal axis (X) of the sheet pile, in which the engagement element has a practically “C”-shaped cross-section and projects from the first lateral end of the concrete casting,wherein the second lateral end of the concrete casting comprises a concrete joint which extends longitudinally along ...

SEAWALL USING SCREW PILES

A seawall is supported on a seabed along a coastline using a plurality of screw piles, each having a shaft and a helical flight about the shaft adjacent a bottom end of the shaft. The screw piles are penetrated into the seabed at spaced apart positions along the coastline such that each screw pile defines a lower portion embedded into the seabed and an upper portion protruding upwardly from the seabed. A plurality of modular wall panels, each formed of concrete material and having post apertures at opposing ends thereof, are each mounted onto two adjacent ones of the screw piles by inserting the upper portions of the screw piles into the post apertures at the opposing ends of the wall panel such that the wall panels are connected in series with one another along the coastline. 1. A seawall system for being supported on a seabed along a coastline , the system comprising:a plurality of screw piles having a lower portion including a helical flight so as to be arranged to be penetrated into the seabed and an upper portion above the lower portion arranged to protrude upwardly from the lower portion penetrated into the seabed; anda plurality of modular wall panels formed of concrete material and arranged for connection in series with one another to form a wall, each wall panel being arranged for mating connection with one or more of the screw piles for anchoring the wall to the seabed.2. The system according to wherein each wall panel includes an end portion locating a post aperture therein arranged to receive the upper portion of one of the screw piles vertically slidable therein.3. The system according to wherein each end portion locating the post aperture therein is formed of concrete.4. The system according to wherein each post aperture receives the upper portion of the respective screw pile therein such that a top end of the screw pile is substantially flush with a top end of the wall panel.5. The system according to wherein two adjacent wall panels are arranged to ...

Block Retaining Wall with Micro-Pile Soldier Piles

A retaining wall system includes a plurality of large mass retaining blocks formed with vertically oriented openings passing therethrough for the installation of micro-pile soldier piles. The retaining blocks can be formed of pre-cast concrete and stacked vertically so that the vertical openings are aligned for the installation of micro-pile soldier piles through the stacked retaining blocks and into the bedrock below the retaining blocks. The micro-pile soldier piles can include a steel casing that is installed through the aligned vertical openings to terminate at the bedrock with grout filling the steel casing except for optional reinforcement. The retaining blocks can be formed with cutout key openings that allow concrete to be inserted to provide a key interlock between adjacent retaining blocks to further stabilize the retaining wall. The retaining wall can also include a row of waler blocks that incorporate a pair of tie-back anchors for each waler block.

Corner Connection Structure of Steel Structure Comprehensive Pipe Gallery

A corner connection structure of a steel structure comprehensive pipe gallery, where corrugated steel plates respectively located on an upper face, a lower face and two side faces are spliced in a circumferential direction to form pipe joints; when the corrugated steel plates are spliced in the circumferential direction, contact end portions of adjacent corrugated steel plates are provided with a pair of groove-shaped flanges capable of wrapping inner and outer walls of respective corrugated steel plate, contact faces of the pair of groove-shaped flanges are fixedly connected to each other, outer folded edges of the groove-shaped flanges and the outer walls of the corrugated steel plates are separated by gaps, inner folded edges of the groove-shaped flanges and the inner walls of the corrugated steel plates are separated by gaps, and inner reinforcing blocks and/or outer reinforcing blocks are respectively arranged in the gaps. 1101101101102102101101103106101102. A corner connection structure of a steel structure comprehensive pipe gallery , wherein corrugated steel plates () respectively located on an upper face , a lower face and two side faces are spliced in a circumferential direction to form pipe joints; when the corrugated steel plates () are spliced in the circumferential direction , contact end portions of adjacent corrugated steel plates () are provided with a pair of groove-shaped flanges () capable of wrapping inner and outer walls of respective corrugated steel plate , contact faces of the pair of groove-shaped flanges () are fixedly connected to each other , outer folded edges of the groove-shaped flanges and the outer walls of the corrugated steel plates () are separated by gaps , inner folded edges of the groove-shaped flanges and the inner walls of the corrugated steel plates () are separated by gaps , and inner reinforcing blocks () and/or outer reinforcing blocks () are respectively arranged in the gaps , and integrally welded to the corrugated ...

Apparatus for bi-directional load testing of driven piles and injection piles, and method thereof

An apparatus for carrying out bi-directional load testing of close ended driven piles and injection piles utilizing a hydraulic jack, comprising an enclosure for housing the hydraulic jack. The apparatus includes a first hollow body, a second hollow body and a third hollow body. The first hollow body has an open upper end, an open lower end, and a base for attaching the top of the hydraulic jack. The second hollow body has an open upper end, an open lower end, and a base for attaching the base of the hydraulic jack. The third hollow body has an open upper end and an open lower end, and has an inner diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of the first hollow body and the second hollow body, the third hollow body being capable of being axially received by both the first hollow body and the second hollow body.

Pile connection for horizontally fixing an elongated beam for a foundation support system

Disclosed is a pile connection for horizontally fixing an elongated beam for a foundation support system. In particular, disclosed is a pile connection including at least one pile sleeve and at least one coupling attaching the at least one pile sleeve to an elongated beam such that a pile within the at least one pile sleeve extends between a top and bottom of the beam. Such a configuration provides a cost-effective, modular, and scalable system that is easily installed and adaptable to a variety of different terrains.

HYDRAULIC JACK EXPANSION-TYPE ROTARY PENETRATION DEVICE FOR CIRCULAR PIPE

A hydraulic jack expansion-type rotary penetration device for a circular pipe comprises: a rotating head which receives torque from the outside; one or more hollow shafts arranged in series downward along the central axis of the rotating head; shaft-connection socket which interconnect the first hollow shaft which is connected to the rotating head with the remaining adjacent hollow shafts, to thereby transmit the torque of the rotating head; and one or more clamp modules which are installed in the hollow shafts and pressed against the inner surface of the circular pipe by hydraulic pressure generated in the rotating head to thereby generate clamping force. 15. A hydraulic jack expansion-type rotary penetration device for circular pipe for rotating and inserting a circular pipe () , the device comprising:{'b': '20', 'a rotating head () which receives external torque;'}{'b': 30', '20, 'a hollow shaft () arranged in series downward along the central axis of the rotating head ();'}{'b': 40', '30', '20', '30', '30', '20, 'a shaft connection socket () which interconnects the first hollow shaft () which is connected to the rotating head () with the remaining adjacent hollow shafts ( and ), to thereby transfer the torque of the rotating head (); and'}{'b': 50', '30', '5', '20, 'a clamping module () which is installed in the hollow shaft () and pressed against the inner wall of the circular pipe () by hydraulic pressure generated in the rotating head () to thereby generate clamping force.'}220. The hydraulic jack expansion-type rotary penetration device for circular pipe of claim 1 , wherein the rotating head () comprises:{'b': 201', '201, 'a head connecting hollow shaft () having a polygonal insert (A);'}{'b': 202', '201, 'a head housing () mounted above the head connecting hollow shaft ();'}{'b': 203', '202, 'a battery () mounted inside the head housing ();'}{'b': 204', '203, 'a hydraulic pump () electrically connected to and operated by the battery ();'}{'b': 205', '204, ...

Pressure grouted displacement screw piles

A grouting module may include a lower surface configured for connection to a screw pile component, an upper surface configured for connection to an upper hollow pile shaft, a body disposed between the upper surface and the lower surface, and an axial bore through the upper surface and at least a portion of the body. The body may include a flange configured to create an annular space around the upper adapter and one or more flow injection conduits configured for injecting grout received from the upper hollow pile shaft through the axial bore extension into the annular space while the pile is advanced downward into a substrate. Once the final pile tip elevation is reached, the pile extensions above the grouting module are counter-rotated slightly to realign the ports in the grouting module from side to bottom discharge and allow post-grouting of the lead pile extension.

FASTENING SYSTEM ALLOWING COMPONENT REMOVAL AFTER FASTENER SYSTEM FAILURE

A fastening system for attaching a cover to an underground vault having a bolt with course threads and a composite fiber reinforced polymer nut having a threaded portion extending through the nut which will fail in sheer before the nut and bolt seize. The fastening system can also include a nut retainer sized to allow the nut to float within the retainer. 1. A fastening system for attaching a cover to an underground vault comprising:a bolt having course threads; anda composite fiber reinforced polymer nut having a threaded portion extending through at least a portion of the nut, wherein the threaded portion fails in sheer before the nut and bolt seize.2. The fastening system of further comprising a nut retainer sized to allow the nut to float within the nut retainer.3. The fastening system of wherein the nut further includes an unthreaded bolt alignment portion positioned above the threaded portion.4. The fastening system of wherein the nut has a bolt shroud section positioned below the threaded portion.5. The fastening system of wherein the nut further includes a lead-in chamfer and a lead-out chamfer adjacent the threaded portion.6. The fastening system of wherein the nut includes at least one lobe extending radially outwardly in an upper portion of the nut.7. The fastening system of wherein there are two lobes each having a hole for receipt of a fastener.8. The fastening system of wherein the nut retainer has a cavity for receipt of at least a portion of the nut and sized for preventing the nut from fully rotating in the nut retainer.9. The fastening system of wherein the nut retainer has mounting holes.10. The fastening system of wherein the composite fiber reinforced fiber polymer nut is glass filled nylon.11. The fastening system of wherein the composite fiber reinforced polymer nut is an engineering plastic with fiber or particulate filler.12. The fastening system of wherein the fiber is at least one of aramid fiber claim 11 , carbon fiber claim 11 , glass ...

Improvements in and relating to pile foundations

A pile ( 270 ) within a bore ( 110 ) comprises a column ( 250 ). The column ( 250 ) comprises a stack of a plurality of pile sections ( 300 ) arranged end-to-end within the bore ( 110 ). There is a cured material ( 260 ) between at least a part of an outside surface of the column ( 250 ) and the surface of the bore ( 110 ). The cured material, for example grout, may be provided through channels in the pile sections.

A CONNECTION ADAPTER

The present invention relates a connection adapter providing the connection of jaws (C) of every kind with vibro hammers (V) of every strength, which are used for driving and extracting of steel formed materials, profiles and steel pipes and further the connection adapter has at least one pressure member (), which enables that the upper connection piece () and the lower connection piece () are interlocked by applying a force, if the interlocking of the upper connection piece () and the lower connection piece () is preferred. 11. A connection adapter () , which provides the connection of jaws (C) of every kind with vibro hammers (V) of every strength , which are used for driving and extracting of steel formed materials , profiles and steel pipes , characterized by{'b': '2', 'at least one upper connection piece () mounted to the jaw (C) or to the vibro hammer (V),'}{'b': 3', '2', '2, 'at least one lower connection piece () mounted to the vibro hammer (V) in the event that the upper connection piece () is connected to the jaw (C) or mounted to the jaw (C) in the event that the upper connection piece () is connected to the vibro hammer (V),'}{'b': 2', '1', '3', '2', '2, 'at least one upper plate (.), one face of which contacts to the jaw (C) or to the vibro hammer (V) and the other face of which faces the lower connection piece (), having a certain wall thickness and upper connection holes (.) thereon for mounting of jaw (C) or vibro hammer,'}{'b': 4', '2', '3', '2', '3, 'at least one pressure member (), which ensures that the upper connection piece () and the lower connection piece () are interlocked by applying a force, if an interlock of the upper connection piece () and the lower connection piece () is preferred,'}{'b': 3', '1', '2', '3', '2, 'at least one lower plate (.), one face of which contacts the jaw (C) or the vibro hammer (V) and the other face of which faces the upper connection piece (), having a certain wall thickness and lower connection holes (.) ...

Cover band of steel pipe strut connector, steel pipe strut connector having same, and steel pipe strut assembly

A cover band has a cover band body provided with a cover band arch portion corresponding to the outer peripheral surface of a steel pipe strut and a plurality of cover band through holes formed on the cover band body in such a manner as to correspond to a plurality of strut coupling holes. The cover band through holes have shapes of long holes extended in one direction and the extended direction of at least one of the cover band through holes is made to cross the extended direction of the other cover band through hole.

Protective Sleeve for Hydrovac Excavation Equipment

A protective sleeve configured to be circumferentially disposed around a portion of a dig wand on a hydrovac excavation system. The protective sleeve includes a body that is planar in manner and flexible. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention the body includes a first layer, a second layer and a third layer. The first layer and third layer are manufactured from a synthetic rubber or polymer plastic. The second layer is intermediate the first layer and third layer and is manufactured from an impact absorbing material such as but not limited to silicone gel. A plurality of fasteners are integrally secured on the body and are arranged in a first set and a second set. The plurality of fasteners are mateable and are configured to surroundably secure the protective sleeve around a portion of a dig wand. 1. A protective sleeve configured to be circumferentially disposed around an object so as to provide protection thereof comprising:a body, said body having at least two layers, said body being planar in manner and flexible, said body having an upper surface and a lower surface, said body being movable to a second position wherein in said second position said body is circumferentially disposed around an object; anda plurality of fasteners, said plurality of fasteners being disposed on said body proximate opposite ends thereof, said plurality of fasteners operable to secure said body in the second position ensuing being surroundably secured an object.2. The protective sleeve as recited in claim 1 , wherein said second layer is manufactured from an impact absorbing material and is adjacent an object to which the protective sleeve is surroundably secured when said body is in the second position.3. The protective sleeve as recited in claim 2 , wherein said first layer is manufactured from a material selected from one of the following: synthetic rubber or plastic polymer.4. The protective sleeve as recited in claim 3 , wherein said plurality of fasteners are ...

METHOD AND KIT FOR MANUFACTURING FOUNDATIONS FOR UPRIGHTS BY USING SHEETS EMBEDDED BY VIBRATION OR BY PERCUSSION

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing foundations for uprights () by using metal sheets () embedded by vibration or by percussion comprising the steps of: a. arranging at least two sheets (), each sheet () being provided with position adjustment means with respect to a connection element () between the sheet () itself and a connector () between the sheet () and upright (); b. arranging a connector () between the sheet () and upright (), adapted to be integrally connected to said upright () and provided with position adjustment means with respect to a connection element () between the sheet () and the connector () itself; c. arranging at least one connection element () between each sheet () and the connector (), each connection element () being provided with first position adjustment means, adapted to adjust the position thereof with respect to the sheet () and second position adjustment means, adapted to adjust the position thereof with respect to the connector (); d. arranging a centering system () for the sheets (), which can be associated operationally with an embedding machine; e. embedding said sheets () into the ground by vibro-embedding or by percussion, with the aid of the centering system (); f. positioning the connector () in the design position, adjusting the relative position between: —each sheet () and each connection element () by means of said position adjustment means of the sheet () and said first position adjustment means of the connection element (); —each connection element () and the connector () by means of said position adjustment means of the connector () and said second position adjustment means of the connection element (); g. locking such positions. The present invention also relates to a corresponding kit and to a centering system for sheets adapted to be vibro-embedded or embedded by percussion. 1. A method for manufacturing foundations for uprights by using metal sheets embedded by vibration or by percussion ...

SHEAR KEY FORMER APPARATUS AND METHOD(S)

Provided are apparatus and method(s) for forming one or more shear key(s) between embedded concrete retaining wall(s) and concrete floor slab(s), kits for forming such shear key(s) and underground structures such as embedded concrete wall(s) and slab(s) comprising a shear key. In particular, the invention relates to a shear key former apparatus comprising: a box having an enclosable, internal volume, the box comprising a base and at least one, and preferably four, side wall(s), the side wall(s) terminating in a rim; rearwardly of the rim in two opposing portions of the side wall(s), at least one pair of opposing apertures, each pair of apertures defining an entrance and exit in each respective side wall portion for a rigid member to be accommodated extending across the internal volume between the entrance and the exit; a closure panel configured to be received into the rim to enclose the internal volume. 1. A shear key former apparatus comprising:a box having an enclosable, internal volume, wherein the box comprises:a base;at least one side wall, the side wall extending from the base and terminating in a rim;at least one pair of opposing apertures located between the rim and the base, in two opposing portions of the side wall, wherein the at least one pair of apertures define an entrance and an exit in each respective side wall portion and are configured to receive a rigid member, where the rigid member extends between the at least one pair of opposing apertures across the internal volume of the box; anda closure panel configured to be received into the rim to enclose the internal volume to form a closed container.2. An apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the box is formed from Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic.3. An apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein one or more of the apertures of the at least one pair of opposing apertures comprise a slot extending from the rim in a direction towards the base in a respective side wall portion.4. Apparatus according to ...

Foundation for a wind turbine

The present invention provides a foundation for a wind turbine. To reduce set-up time and to allow complete alignment of the platform which carries the base flange of the tower construction, the invention provides a foundation with a cage structure having an upper stress distribution flange connected by a plurality of tensioned anchor bolts to a lower flange. The flanges are separated by a number of distance elements whereby the shape of the cage structure becomes fixed by the combination between tensioned bolts and distance elements. Since the cage structure has a fixed shape, the upper stress distribution flange can be aligned before the cage structure is embedded in concrete, and it becomes unnecessary to wait for the concrete to harden.

WALL TRENCH PANEL AND SYSTEM

A wall trench panel and system utilizes extruded aluminum panels having ribs and a socket edge and a ball edge which allows them to slide together and create a continuous trench wall that may be stabilized using traditional jack and wale techniques. To allow the trench to make a corner, a knuckle is provided which accepts both ball and socket edges of the panels to change the direction of the panels. In deep trench situations, panels of different sizes are provide to stager the installation of the panels which provides a continuous trench wall that is very strong and stable which eliminates the necessity of staging the trench in ever smaller portions. 1. A wall trench system comprising:a shoring panel;a ball end disposed along a side edge of said shoring panel;a socket end disposed along an opposite side edge of said shoring panel;at least a first rib proximally disposed to said ball end;at least a second rib proximally disposed to said socket end;said ball end forming a cylindrical interlocking edge along said side edge and whereby said ball end is adapted to fit within a selected socket end; andsaid socket end forming a partially open tubular interlocking edge along said opposite edge and whereby said socket end is adapted to fit with a selected ball end.2. The wall trench system according to further comprising:a knuckle;said knuckle having two oppositely disposed knuckle ball ends;each said knuckle ball end forming a cylindrical interlocking edge along said oppositely disposed knuckle ball end;said knuckle having two oppositely disposed socket ends;each said socket end forming a partially open tubular interlocking edge along each oppositely disposed socket end; and wherein each of said two oppositely disposed knuckle ball ends are 90 degrees from each of said two oppositely disposed socket ends.3. The wall trench system according to whereby said shoring panel is made of extruded aluminum.4. The wall trench system according to claim whereby said knuckle is made of ...

SYSTEM AND APPARATUS FOR DRIVING PILES

An apparatus for driving a pile section having a central opening into the ground includes a mast attachment with roped hydraulic cylinders, a high frequency hydraulic impact hammer connected with the mast, and a drive cap. The mast with roped hydraulic cylinders provides for vertical movement of the high frequency hydraulic impact hammer, and the drive cap connects with the high frequency hydraulic impact hammer and a pile section to transfer the drive force of the hammer to the pile section. When the mast is connected with an excavator and the drive cap is connected with the high frequency hydraulic impact hammer, a pile section is connected with the drive cap lower end and the high frequency hydraulic impact hammer is operated to drive the pile section into the ground. 1. An apparatus for driving a pile section having a central opening into the ground , comprising:a. pile driving mast including an elongated post having an outer surface;b. a mast attachment assembly connected with said post outer surface for vertical movement along a length of said mast; i. a housing having an outer surface connected with said mast attachment assembly; and', 'ii. a projection tool arranged at a lower end of said housing operable to provide at least one of an impact and vibration force;, 'c. a high frequency hydraulic impact hammer, includingd. at least one roped hydraulic cylinder connected with said mast attachment assembly for displacing said mast attachment assembly relative to said mast; ande. a drive cap connected with said high frequency hydraulic impact hammer and having a projection at a lower end configured for connection with the pile section via the central opening and an upper end containing an opening configured to receive said projection tool, whereby when said mast is connected with an excavator and said drive cap is connected with the pile section, said at least one roped hydraulic cylinder is operated to move said high frequency hydraulic impact hammer relative to ...

FOUNDATION FOR A WIND MILL

A foundation for a wind mill includes a circular or polygonal pedestal for supporting a wind mill tower and a plurality of ribs radiating radially outwardly from the pedestal, wherein the pedestal is divided into a plurality of circumferential sections, wherein a circumferential section and a rib are each integrally formed with one another, or are each formed, as a precast concrete element, wherein the precast concrete elements are made from reinforced concrete including a first reinforcement structure, in particular reinforcement bars, embedded into the precast concrete elements, neighbouring precast concrete elements, in their sections radiating outwardly from the pedestal, are spaced from each other in a circumferential direction and the clearance between two neighbouring precast concrete elements is each bridged by a bridging plate. 1. A foundation for a wind mill comprising a circular or polygonal pedestal for supporting a wind mill tower and a plurality of ribs radiating radially outwardly from the pedestal , wherein the pedestal is divided into a plurality of circumferential sections , wherein a circumferential section and a rib are each integrally formed with one another , or are each formed , as a precast concrete element , wherein the precast concrete elements are made from reinforced concrete comprising a first reinforcement structure , embedded into the precast concrete elements , wherein neighbouring precast concrete elements , in their sections radiating outwardly from the pedestal , are spaced from each other in a circumferential direction and wherein the clearance between two neighbouring precast concrete elements is each bridged by a bridging plate.2. A foundation according to claim 1 , wherein said bridging plate has a radial extension so as to radially protrude from the precast concrete elements.3. A foundation according to claim 1 , wherein the bridging plates are realized as precast concrete plates.4. A foundation according to claim 1 , wherein ...

Geosynthetic Reinforced Wall Panels Comprising Soil Reinforcing Members

Geosynthetic reinforced wall panels including soil reinforcing members and retaining wall system formed therewith are disclosed. The geosynthetic reinforced wall panels include any type of wall panels, such as a precast concrete wall panels, that are supported by an arrangement of soil reinforcing members. Various configurations of soil reinforcing members may include end tabs and/or inner tabs that have strips arranged therebetween. Examples of soil reinforcing members include, but are not limited to narrow-width single-section reinforcing members, narrow-width multi-section reinforcing members, and wide-width reinforcing members. Further, a retaining wall system is provided that includes any arrangement of the one or more geosynthetic reinforced wall panels. 1. A retaining wall system comprising:(a) a retaining wall facing element, the retaining wall facing element comprising a plurality of embedded retaining wall connectors comprising discrete first geogrid sections;(b) a plurality of tension connectors in communication with the embedded connector first geogrid sections; and(c) a plurality of soil reinforcing members comprising discrete second geogrid sections in communication with the tension connectors.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the retaining wall facing element is a precast concrete panel.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the embedded connector first geogrid sections and the soil reinforcing second geogrid sections comprise a corrosion-resistant material that is substantially inert to chemical degradation.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the corrosion-resistant material that is substantially inert to chemical degradation comprises HDPE.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the tension connectors comprise a corrosion-resistant material that is substantially inert to chemical degradation.6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the material that is substantially inert to chemical degradation comprises HDPE.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the tension ...

Concrete foundation structure and method for constructing same

Provided are a concrete foundation structure capable of firmly fixing a precast concrete foundation to a ground, and a method for constructing the concrete foundation structure. A concrete foundation structure 10 includes a precast concrete foundation 16 having a projecting portion 30 embedded in a ground G. An anchor plate 20 is placed inside an excavation hole 18 formed in the ground G, and the precast concrete foundation 16 and the anchor plate 20 are connected by a connecting member 22. In the excavation hole 18, a backfill portion 24 is formed of a backfill material 94 including a solidifying material and soil. A filler layer 26 is formed of a filler 96 containing a solidifying material between the precast concrete foundation 16 and the backfill portion 24. The precast concrete foundation 16 has a through-hole 42 through which the connecting member 22 is inserted, and the filler 96 forming the filler layer 26 is filled through the through-hole 42.

METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING UNDERWATER CONCRETE BLOCK STRUCTURE

A method of constructing an underwater concrete block structure includes assembling a plurality of concrete blocks into a concrete block assembly, forming a drilled borehole in the underwater ground under a concrete hole of the concrete block assembly, and forming a concrete column in the concrete hole and the drilled borehole, thereby greatly increasing the stability of the underwater concrete block structure. 1. A method of constructing an underwater concrete block structure , the method comprising:fabricating a plurality of concrete blocks each having a vertical hole extending in a vertical direction;continuously arranging the plurality of concrete blocks on the underwater ground in a horizontal direction to form a concrete block assembly, whereby the vertical hole of the concrete block is formed into a concrete hole in which an upper end thereof is opened while a lower end thereof is blocked by the underwater ground;after the concrete block assembly is formed, drilling the underwater ground under the concrete hole to form a drilled borehole in line with the concrete hole; andafter the drilled borehole is formed, forming a concrete column through the concrete hole and the drilled borehole,wherein an upper surface of the concrete block assembly is located above the water surface, so that the drilled borehole is formed in a dry operation by a drilling equipment placed on the upper surface of the concrete block assembly.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the concrete column is formed by inserting a vertical reinforcing member extending in a vertical direction and a waterproof membrane wrapping lower and lateral sides of the vertical reinforcing member into the concrete hole and the drilled borehole claim 1 , and pouring fresh concrete into the waterproof membrane.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a protection pipe claim 1 , extending in a vertical direction claim 1 , is inserted into the underwater ground through the concrete hole while drilling ...

Building Elements For Making Retaining Walls, And Systems And Methods Of Using Same

A budding element for coupling with other budding elements to erect a retaining wall. Exemplary building elements have receiving spaces for receiving increased weight of fill material to provide increased stability. Optionally, each building element can have an enlarged face profile that provides efficiency in the shipping and assembly process. Optionally, each building element can define alignment voids that receive portions of alignment posts for ensuring vertical alignment between adjacent building elements or portions of building elements. 124-. (canceled)25. A building element for forming a portion of a retaining wall , the building element comprising:a face panel having a rear surface;a beam member having a proximal end portion coupled to the rear surface of the face panel and a distal end portion spaced from the proximal end portion, wherein the beam member comprises a main body having first and second side surfaces that extend along a length of the beam member,wherein the first and second side surfaces of the main body and the rear surface of the face panel cooperate to define first and second receiving spaces on opposing sides of the beam member,wherein the first and second side surfaces of the main body of the beam member define one or more support structures that are configured to positively support and create substantial arching of fill within the first and second receiving spaces.26. The building element of claim 25 , wherein the beam member has an upper surface and a lower surface claim 25 , wherein the one or more support structures comprise at least one longitudinal elbow that projects outwardly from the main body of the beam member and extends along a length of the beam member between the proximal end portion and the distal end portion of the beam member claim 25 , wherein the at least one longitudinal elbow is spaced from each of the upper surface and the lower surface of the beam member along the third axis.27. The building element of claim 26 , ...

TIP FOR A FOUNDATION PILE

A tip is described for attachment to a bottom end of a foundation pile. The tip comprises a cast iron tip body and an element partially molded into the cast iron tip body. A foundation pile assembly comprises such a tip. A method for manufacturing is provided for such a tip. 115.-. (canceled)16. A tip , for attachment to a bottom end of a foundation pile , wherein the tip comprises a cast iron tip body , wherein the tip further comprises an element partially molded into the cast iron tip body.17. A tip according to claim 16 , wherein:the tip extends axially from a top attachment side for the attachment of the foundation pile to an opposite bottom tip side along a central longitudinal axis;the cast iron tip body also extends axially along the central longitudinal axis of the tip, from a top end to a bottom end; andthe element partially molded into the cast iron tip body also extends axially along the central longitudinal axis of the tip, from an external end toward a molded end.18. A tip according to claim 16 , wherein the element partially molded into the cast iron tip body:comprises a molded part which extends into the cast iron tip body and is enveloped by the cast iron of the cast iron tip body; andcomprises an external part which extends outside the cast iron tip body.19. A tip according to claim 16 , wherein the element partially molded into the cast iron tip body consists of a material having a higher melting point than the cast iron of the cast iron tip body.20. A tip according to claim 18 , wherein the molded part comprises the following:one or more openings, recesses and/or protrusions which at least partially extend radially; and/orone or more openings, recesses and/or protrusions which at least partially extend axially, eccentrically with respect to the central longitudinal axis.21. A tip according to claim 16 , wherein the tip is configured for attachment to a steel foundation pile by means of a welded joint claim 16 , wherein the element partially ...

BOX-TYPE PIPELINE WITH CIRCUMFERENTIAL OBTUSE ANGLE CONNECTION

A box type duct with circumferential obtuse angle connection. Unit plates respectively located on the upper, lower and two side surfaces are spliced in the circumferential direction to form a unit pipe section, and the unit pipe sections are spliced in the axial direction to form a box type duct; wherein the unit plate is an arc-shaped corrugated plate arched to the outside of the box type duct, and the adjacent unit plates form an obtuse angle of circumferential connection. The cross section of the duct is in an approximately rectangular box shape, so the utilization ratio of clearance of the duct is high; the unit plate adopts an arc-shaped structure, and by utilizing the pipe-soil joint stressing principle, the strength and bearing capacity of the overall structure are maximized; and the box type duct adopts flat flange or angle steel flange connection in the circumferential direction. 1101102102101101. A box type duct with circumferential obtuse angle connection , characterized in that unit plates () respectively located on the upper , lower and two side surfaces are spliced in the circumferential direction to form a unit pipe section () , and the unit pipe sections () are spliced in the axial direction to form a box type duct; wherein the unit plate () is an arc-shaped corrugated plate arched to the outside of the box type duct , and the adjacent unit plates () form an obtuse angle of circumferential connection.2101101103103. The box type duct with circumferential obtuse angle connection according to claim 1 , characterized in that when the unit plates () are spliced in the circumferential direction claim 1 , contact ends of the adjacent unit plates () are provided with connecting flanges () claim 1 , and the adjacent connecting flanges () are splicing connection surfaces.3103. The box type duct with circumferential obtuse angle connection according to claim 2 , characterized in that the connecting flange () is a flat flange or an angle steel flange.4101. The ...

LANDSCAPING WALL STRUCTURE AND FORM

The present invention provides an improved retaining wall system comprising a plurality of wall segments, said system comprising at least one lower wall segment and one upper wall segment, each of said upper and lower wall segments have a top surface, a bottom surface, a rear face, and a fascia, said top surface and said bottom surface extending between said rear face and said fascia, an earthen anchor extending at least partially through each of said wall segments and from said rear face, said earthen anchor configured for extending at least a portion of said vertical load of said retaining wall rearwardly; an interstitial surface; and an interconnecting structure extending into said interstitial surface and between said upper segment and said lower segment. 1. An improved retaining wall system comprising:a plurality of wall segments including at least a lower wall segment and an upper wall segment, wherein said upper wall segment is rotationally received by said lower wall segment;each of said wall segments comprising a top surface, a bottom surface, a rear face, and a fascia; said top surface and said bottom surface extending between said rear face and said fascia;a first earthen anchor extending at least partially though and from said upper wall segment;a second earthen anchor extending at least partially through and from said lower wall segment;a layered support structure comprising said first earthen anchor and said second earthen anchor with a plurality of particles spaced therebetween, said layered support structure configured for extending at least a portion of said vertical load of said retaining wall rearwardly;an interstitial surface surrounding each of said wall segments; andan interconnecting structure extending between each of said wall segments and into said interstitial surface for rotational alignment of said wall segments whereby said aligned wall segments present a contoured front face.2. The improved retaining wall system of wherein said wall ...

APPARATUS FOR BI-DIRECTIONAL LOAD TESTING OF DRIVEN PILES AND INJECTION PILES, AND METHOD THEREOF

An apparatus for carrying out bi-directional load testing of close ended driven piles and injection piles utilizing a hydraulic jack, comprising an enclosure for housing the hydraulic jack (). The enclosure () includes a first hollow body () a second hollow body (). The first hollow body () had a covered upper end () and an open lower end (), with the upper end being capped by an attached top plate () having an external surface () which the lower end () of a first pile () may be axially attached to, and an internal surface (). The open lower end () has a cut-out () originating on the edge of the open end () of the first hollow body for receiving a hydraulic connection () for the jack (). The second hollow body () is capable of housing the hydraulic jack (), has an open upper end () and a lower end (). The lower end () is capped by an attached base plate () having an external surface () which the upper end () of a second pile () may be axially attached to, and an internal surface () for attaching the base () of the hydraulic jack, and an opening () on the capped lower end () originating at a point where the edge of the lower end () abuts the base plate () for receiving the hydraulic connection () for the jack. The first hollow body () and the second hollow body () are capable of axial movement relative to one another when actuated by the hydraulic jack. 113. An apparatus for carrying out bi-directional load testing of close ended driven piles and injection piles utilizing a hydraulic jack () comprising:{'b': 1', '13, 'claim-text': [{'b': 10', '10', '10', '11', '11', '91', '91', '11', '10', '12', '14, 'i': a', 'b', 'a', 'b', 'b', 'b, 'a first hollow body () having an upper end () and an open lower end (), the upper end being capped by an attached top plate () having an external surface () the lower end () of a first pile () may be axially attached to, and an internal surface (), the open lower end () having a cut-out () originating on the edge of the open end of the ...

Wind turbine foundation

It comprises at least one substantially elongated pin associated with a wind turbine tower and at least one corresponding substantially elongated pile to be inserted into a surface and adapted for receiving at least one portion of the pin. A chamber is defined between the pin and the pile for receiving grout. At least one of the pin and the pile is provided with connecting plates extending inside the grouting chamber and provided with holes through which the grout passes. The connecting plates may extend radially inside the grouting chamber, aligned or not to each other or with the center of the pin or the pile.

A SHEET FOR USE IN GROUND WORKS

A sheet for use in ground works, the sheet having an upper face with an plurality of openings therein, a lower face configured so as to permit liquid to drain through the sheet and a spacing arrangement to separate the upper face from the lower face and define a volume therebetween, where the volume is capable of receiving an infill material via the openings in the upper face. The lower face of the sheet is configured to be interengageably secured to an upper face of a similar further sheet. 1. A sheet for use in ground works , the sheet comprising:an upper face having an plurality of upper face openings therein;a lower face; anda spacing arrangement to separate the upper face from the lower face and define a volume therebetween, the volume capable of receiving an infill material via the upper face openings;wherein the upper face and the lower face are configured so as to permit liquid to drain through the sheet; andwherein the lower face is configured to be interengageably secured to an upper face of a similar further sheet.2. A sheet according to claim 1 , where the upper face defines a substantially plane surface.3. A sheet according to claim 2 , wherein the substantially plane surface is defined by a regular repeating array of interconnected panels claim 2 , with the upper face openings therebetween.4. A sheet according to claim 3 , wherein the upper face of the sheet defines a planar surface with openings therein claim 3 , and the panels are co-planar with said planar surface.5. A sheet according to claim 3 , wherein the panels define at least 50% of the upper face of the sheet.6. A sheet according to claim 1 , wherein the upper face openings are provided in a regular repeating array on the upper face.7. A sheet according to claim 1 , wherein the lower face is provided with a plurality of lower face openings.8. A sheet according to claim 7 , wherein the lower face openings are provided in a regular repeating array on the lower face.9. A sheet according to claim ...

TWO-PIECE POLYGON SHAPED METAL TUBE FIN FOUNDATION AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME

A metal fin tube foundation includes a pair of coupled metal plates, each plate being comprised of a plurality of flat panels, wherein each panel is positioned at an angle relative to an adjacent panel, and each plate including a fin on each lateral end of each plate, wherein each fin overlaps a fin of the other metal plate forming two pairs of overlapped fins, wherein the plates are coupled along each of the two pairs of overlapped fins; wherein the plurality of panels of the coupled two metal plates form a closed perimeter polygon shape having an open interior and wherein each pair of overlapped fins form a combined fin element which extends away from the perimeter of the polygon. 1. A metal fin tube foundation comprising:a pair of metal plates, each plate being comprised of a plurality of flat panels, wherein each panel is positioned at an angle relative to an adjacent panel, and each plate including a fin on each lateral end of each plate, wherein each fin overlaps a fin of the other metal plate forming two pairs of overlapped fins;a coupling of the pair of metal plates along each of the two pairs of overlapped fins for coupling the two plates;wherein the plurality of panels of the coupled two metal plates form a closed perimeter polygon shape having an open interior and wherein each pair of overlapped fins form a combined fin element which extends away from the perimeter of the polygon.2. The metal fin tube foundation according to wherein the pair of combined fin elements extend along a common plane.3. The metal fin tube foundation according to further including a top plate coupled to each metal plate.4. The metal fin tube foundation according to wherein the coupling of the pair of plates includes a plurality of mechanical fasteners along each of the two pairs of overlapped fins for mechanically fastening the two plates.5. The metal fin tube foundation according to wherein the closed perimeter polygon shape includes five to twelve panels.6. The metal fin tube ...

FRP COMPOSITE MATERIAL PILE PREPARED BY FRP COMPOSITE MATERIAL AND PREPARATION AND PILE FORMING METHODS

The present disclosure discloses a fiber reinforce plastic (FRP) composite material pile prepared by an FRP composite material. The FRP composite material pile includes: an FRP winding pipe, an FRP pultrusion hollow profile, and a connecting device. The FRP pultrusion hollow profile includes an outer ring pipe, an inner ring pipe, and a plurality of reinforcing bars. The FRP pultrusion hollow profile is pultruded at one time by pultrusion equipment, and fiber materials thereof are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the pipe. The FRP winding pipe is provided with circumferential fiber materials by taking the FRP pultrusion hollow profile as a membrane, and forms a composite pipe section with the FRP pultrusion hollow profile. The inner ring shape of the cross section of the FRP winding pipe is matched with the FRP pultrusion hollow profile. The FRP connecting device includes connecting plates, connecting bars, and connecting pins. 1. An FRP composite material pile prepared by an FRP composite material , comprising: an FRP winding pipe , an FRP pultrusion hollow profile , and a connecting device , whereinthe FRP pultrusion hollow profile comprises an outer ring pipe, an inner ring pipe, and a plurality of reinforcing bars for connecting the outer ring pipe and the inner ring pipe; the shape of the cross section of the outer ring pipe is a circle or a square with chamfers; the FRP pultrusion hollow profile is pultruded at one time by pultrusion equipment, and fiber materials thereof are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the pipe;the FRP winding pipe is provided with circumferential fiber materials by taking the FRP pultrusion hollow profile as a membrane, and forms a composite pipe section with the FRP pultrusion hollow profile;the inner ring shape of the cross section of the FRP winding pipe is matched with the FRP pultrusion hollow profile;the FRP connecting device comprises connecting plates, connecting bars, and key grooves; the outer ring shapes of ...

FLEXIBLE JOINT CONNECTING DEVICE OF PRECAST BODY SEGMENT, PRECAST BODY SEGMENT JOINING-TYPE UNDERWATER TUNNEL CONSTRUCTION METHOD USING SAME, AND UNDERWATER TUNNEL CONSTRUCTED THEREBY

The present disclosure relates to: a flexible joint connecting device used for sequentially coupling precast concrete segments so as to construct an underwater tunnel; an underwater tunnel construction method using the flexible joint connecting device so as to join, in a watertight manner, tunnel modules and integrally connect same, thereby constructing the underwater tunnel; and the underwater tunnel constructed by the construction method. 132. A flexible joint connecting device () for temporarily connecting precast concrete segments () to each other in order to construct an underwater tunnel , comprising:{'b': ['31', '31', '2', '32'], 'i': ['a,', 'b'], '#text': 'first and second joining modules () respectively coupled to a pair of precast concrete segments () facing each other and connected to each other by an expansion/contraction device (),'}{'b': ['31', '31', '2', '2'], 'i': ['a,', 'b'], '#text': 'wherein each of the first and second joining modules () is integrally coupled to the precast concrete segment () while surrounding an outer side of the precast concrete segment (),'}{'b': ['32', '31', '31'], 'i': ['a,', 'b'], '#text': 'wherein the expansion/contraction device () is an expandable and shrinkable member that is longitudinally disposed between the first and second joining modules () facing each other,'}{'b': ['31', '320', '32', '320'], 'i': 'a', '#text': 'wherein the first joining module () includes a hinge fixing member () so that one end of the expansion/contraction device () is hinged to the hinge fixing member () to be vertically rotatable,'}{'b': ['31', '321'], 'i': 'b', '#text': 'wherein the second joining module () includes an end fastening member () that is vertically rotatable, and'}{'b': ['2', '32', '321', '31', '31', '32', '2', '31', '31', '32', '2'], 'i': ['a', 'b', 'a,', 'b'], '#text': 'wherein as the pair of precast concrete segments () approach toward each other, the other end of the expansion/contraction device () is fastened to the end ...

THREE-DIMENSIONAL DRAINAGE DEVICE SUITABLE FOR LOOSE FILLING SLOPE AND METHODS FOR CONSTRUCTING THREE-DIMENSIONAL DRAINAGE DEVICE

The present disclosure relates to a three-dimensional drainage device suitable for a loose filling slope and methods for constructing the three-dimensional drainage device. The slope includes a stable stratum and a filling soil stratum above the stable stratum. The three-dimensional drainage device includes a surface drainage mechanism, a shallow drainage mechanism and a deep drainage mechanism. The surface drainage mechanism includes one or more catchment canals arranged on an upper surface of the filling soil stratum and a pool arranged on an edge of the filling soil stratum. The shallow drainage mechanism includes one or more first collecting pipes. The deep drainage mechanism includes one or more drainage gabions and one or more second collecting pipes. 1. A three-dimensional drainage device suitable for a loose filling slope , wherein the slope comprises a stable stratum and a filling soil stratum above the stable stratum , and bottom of the filling soil stratum is provided with a catchment ditch; the three-dimensional drainage device comprising:a surface drainage mechanism, comprising one or more catchment canals arranged on an upper surface of the filling soil stratum and a pool arranged on an edge of the filling soil stratum, and the pool is connected with the catchment ditch, wherein two ends of the catchment canal connect with the pool; one or more drainage canals are arranged between the two adjacent catchment canals, wherein the two ends of the drainage canal connect with the two catchment canals and at least one drainage canal is connected with the catchment ditch;a shallow drainage mechanism, comprising one or more first collecting pipes, at least one collecting pipe is arranged on an upper side of the catchment canal, wherein an upper end of the first collecting pipe is provided with a filter packet and is buried in the filling soil stratum, and a lower end of the first collecting pipe connects with the catchment canal; anda deep drainage mechanism, ...

PILE GUIDE AND ADJUSTABLE MOUNTING

A pile guide has a collar with a void therein. A planar flange extends from a side of the collar. A first guide and a second guide form opposing guides constructed and arranged for receiving the planar flange of the pile guide therein. The planar flange is in a slidable relationship within the opposing guides, and the bracket is constructed and arranged for mounting to a dock. The opposing guides pivot relative to the dock during installation and allow pivoting of the pile guide relative to the dock or other mounting. The distance and angle of the collar relative to the dock or other mounting can be adjusted to accommodate for positioning of pile guides due to positioning of piles relative to a dock or other structure.

BUILDING FOUNDATION

A modular foundation of or for a building comprising a footing assembled on site from a plurality of prefabricated footers rigidly connected together and supported by ground below. The footing defines a seat for wall panels of a modular building structure that includes wall panels to be supported. 1. A foundation of or for a building , said foundation comprising a footing assembled on site from a plurality of prefabricated footers rigidly connected together and supported by ground below.2. A foundation as claimed in said foundation is of or for a modular building that includes wall panels to be supported on the foundation wherein said footing defines a seat for wall panels to register on said foundation.3. A foundation as claimed in wherein said footing defines a seat for wall panels of a modular building structure that includes wall panels to be supported on the foundation to register.4. A foundation as claimed in anyone of to wherein said footers are connected together by connectors that create a rigid connection between adjacent footers.5. A foundation as claimed in wherein said connectors locate intermediate of said footers and each connect to at least two said footers.6. A foundation as claimed in wherein said connectors are adapted and configured to allow a sliding engagement therewith by adjacent footers.7. A foundation as claimed in anyone of to wherein the connectors effect a dovetail connection between adjacent footers.8. A foundation as claimed in anyone of to wherein the footing includes adjustable ground engageable props.9. A foundation as claimed in anyone of to wherein foundation comprises a filler.10. A foundation as claimed in wherein the filler includes a cementitious material.11. A foundation as claimed in or wherein the filler is a settable poured cementitious material.12. A foundation as claimed in or wherein the filler is poured concrete.13. A foundation as claimed in anyone of to wherein the footing defines formwork for the pour and remains in ...

PREFABRICATED CONCRETE POLE BASE AND ADJUSTABLE CONNECTOR

A prefabricated concrete pole base and adjustable method of connection and use to receive, support, and stabilize light poles and the like having different hole mounting patterns, securing the pole to the base and facilitating rapid installation of poles while eliminating the need for on-site concrete forms and lengthy concrete cure times. 1. A pole base comprising:(a) a body comprising a top, and(b) pole attachment structure comprising at least one channel embedded in the top of the body such that the at least one channel is fixed with respect to the body and wherein each of the at least one channels is configured to slideably interface with at least one fastener along a length of the at least one channel.2. The pole base of claim 1 , wherein the at least one fastener is removable and the at least one channel has a U-shaped cross section.3. The pole base of claim 2 , wherein the at least one channel comprises steel and the body is cylindrical and comprises concrete with reinforcing steel contained within the body.4. The pole base of claim 1 , wherein the at least one channel comprises four channels arranged on the top of the body in an X-shaped arrangement so that a plurality of different sizes of generally square pole base plates or other structures having a square arrangement of four holes can alternatively be attached to the channels with one fastener extending through each of the four holes and secured to one of the channels.5. The pole base of claim 1 , wherein the body is generally polygonal in cross section.6. The pole base of claim 5 , wherein the polygonal cross section is square.7. The pole base of claim 1 , wherein each of the at least one channels is flush with the top of the body.8. The pole base of claim 4 , further comprising an indicium on the body to indicate an appropriate depth of burial of the base.9. The pole base of claim 8 , wherein the indicium comprises a V-shaped notch.10. The pole base of claim 8 , wherein the indicium comprises a metal ...

THREADBAR CONNECTIONS FOR WALL SYSTEMS

A wall system includes a face joint member including a web and a flange. The wall system further includes a counterfort beam coupled to the face joint member. The counterfort beam is coupled to the face joint member by a connecting threadbar that extends through the counterfort beam and into the face joint member. The connecting threadbar includes an inner metal threaded bar and an outer protective sleeve. The inner metal threaded bar is configured to rotate relative to the outer protective sleeve. 1. A wall system , comprising:a face joint member comprising a web and a flange; anda counterfort beam coupled to the face joint member, wherein the counterfort beam is coupled to the face joint member by a connecting threadbar that extends through the counterfort beam and into the face joint member,wherein the connecting threadbar comprises an inner metal threaded bar and an outer protective sleeve, and wherein the inner metal threaded bar is configured to rotate relative to the outer protective sleeve.2. The wall system of claim 1 , wherein the connecting threadbar comprises a grease layer between the inner metal threaded bar and the outer protective sleeve.3. The wall system of claim 1 , wherein the connecting threadbar comprises a first segment within the face joint member and a second segment positioned within the counterfort beam claim 1 , wherein the first segment is coupled to the second segment.4. The wall system of claim 3 , wherein the face joint member further comprises a first duct segment claim 3 , wherein the first segment of the connecting threadbar is positioned within the first duct segment.5. The wall system of claim 1 , wherein a first end of the connecting threadbar is monolithically cast within the face joint member and a second end of the connecting threadbar is coupled to a post tension coupler in the counterfort beam.6. The wall system of claim 1 , wherein the counterfort beam further comprises an inclined rear panel.7. The wall system of claim 1 ...

MULTI-WEB COUNTERFORT WALL SYSTEM

A wall system includes a face joint member including a substantially flat face and at least two webs extending orthogonally on an opposite side to the flat face. The wall system further includes a counterfort beam coupled to the face joint member, wherein the counterfort beam includes at least two counterfort webs extending from a counterfort flange that extends between the at least two counterfort webs. The counterfort beam is coupled to the face joint member by coupling the at least two counterfort webs to the at least two webs of the face joint member. 1. A wall system , comprising:a face joint member comprising a substantially flat face and at least two webs extending orthogonally on an opposite side to the flat face; anda counterfort beam coupled to the face joint member, wherein the counterfort beam comprises at least two counterfort webs extending from a counterfort flange that extends between the at least two counterfort webs,wherein the counterfort beam is coupled to the face joint member by coupling the at least two counterfort webs to the at least two webs of the face joint member.2. The wall system of claim 1 , wherein the counterfort beam is formed together with the face joint member using monolithic construction.3. The wall system of claim 1 , wherein the counterfort beam further comprises an inclined rear panel.4. The wall system of claim 1 , wherein the counterfort beam is coupled to the face joint member by a first connecting threadbar that extends through a first one of the counterfort webs of the counterfort beam and into a first one of the webs of the face joint member and further coupled by a second connecting threadbar that extends through a second one of the counterfort webs of the counterfort beam and into a second one of the webs of the face joint member.5. The wall system of claim 4 , wherein the connecting threadbars each comprise a grease layer between the inner metal threaded bar and the outer protective sleeve.6. The wall system of ...

JOINT MECHANISM AND CONNECTION METHOD FOR STEEL PIPE

Contemplated are simplification and cost reduction in arrangement of connecting a pair of steel pipes to each other. A joint mechanism for a pair of steel pipes A, B include inner joints A, B and an outer joint disposed circumferentially across and between the inner joints A, B. The outer joint incudes inward key portions engageable with outward circumferential grooves of the inner joints A, B. The outer joint is formed of a plurality of unit members disposed side by side around the inner joints A, B. A standard unit member A includes an engaging projecting portion whereas the inner joints A, B respective include an engaging sunk portion engageable with the engaging projecting portion for preventing detachment of the standard unit member A to the outside. A wall face constituting the engaging sunk portion includes a cutout portion A, B which allows insertion of the standard unit member A to a position where the engaging projecting portion is engageable with the engaging sunk portion 1. A joint mechanism for a steel pipe comprising:a first inner joint provided at one end of one steel pipe;a second inner joint provided at the other end of the other steel pipe;an outer joint disposed circumferentially between and across the first inner joint and the second inner joint for connecting a pair of the steel pipes to each other when the first inner joint of one steel pipe is placed adjacent the second inner joint of the other steel pipe;an engaging portion provided in one of an outer circumference of the first inner joint and the second inner joint respectively and an inner circumference of the outer joint; andan engaged portion provided in the other of the outer circumference and the inner circumference to be engaged with the engaging portion for preventing relative movement between the pair of steel pipes along a longitudinal direction of these steel pipes;wherein the outer joint comprises a plurality of unit members disposed side by side around the first inner joint and ...

PUMPING UNIT BASES WITH DRIVEN PILES

Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to a pumping unit base and methods for operating with the pumping unit base. The pumping unit base may include a plurality of driven piles installed in the ground, and a metal platform fixedly attached to the plurality of driven piles, wherein the metal platform is positioned above the ground. The metal platform may be removed from the driven piles and reinstalled to the driven piles. 1. A pumping unit base , comprising:a plurality of driven piles installed in the ground; anda metal platform fixedly attached to the plurality of driven piles, wherein the metal platform is positioned above the ground.2. The pumping unit base of claim 1 , wherein each of the driven pile includes a splice assembly connecting a first tubular installed in the ground and a second tubular attached to the metal platform.3. The pumping unit base of claim 2 , wherein the splice assembly comprises:a ring attached to an outer diameter of the first tubular; anda disk attached to the ring, wherein the second tubular is attached to the disk at an outer diameter of the second tubular.4. The pumping unit base of claim 3 , wherein the ring and the disk are attached to the first tubular and the second tubular by welding.5. The pumping unit base of claim 1 , wherein the metal platform is attached to the plurality of driven piles by welding.6. The pumping unit base of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of driven piles is driven in the ground to a predetermined depth or until the driven pile is driven to a resistance corresponding to a target load.7. The pumping unit base of claim 6 , wherein the plurality driven piles form:a first group including two or more of the plurality of driven piles, wherein each driven pile in the front group is installed to support a first load; anda second group including two or more of the plurality of driven piles, wherein each driven pile in the second group is installed to support a second load different from the ...

SHEET PILE RETAINING WALL SYSTEM

A sheet pile retaining wall system employing corrugated sheet piles not requiring temporary shoring to be used when widening and/or stabilization of existing highway embankment. The wall system provides a front face wall having a plurality of resistance fins perpendicularly extending therefrom via three-way connectors. The fin sheet piles first include a brace fin sheet for reducing stresses in the front face wall, then a series of additional resistance fin sheets terminating at an elevation below the face wall for accommodating a pipe drainage/utility cradle. Between the slope of the existing embankment, a temporary excavation bench, an excavation backslope, and the higher front face wall is reinforced concrete backfill for pre-stressing the wall system when fluid—and, when set, optionally engaging supplementary structural features within the set concrete backfill such as dowels/tie down anchors. 1. A sheet pile embankment retaining and/or stabilizing system , comprising:a face wall defining a front face of the embankment having an existing gradient;the face wall including a plurality of face wall sheet piles, wherein each face wall sheet pile terminates at a cantilever elevation located above the gradient;at least one brace fin sheet pile, each brace fin sheet pile spaced apart, along and perpendicularly connected to the face wall, each brace fin sheet pile terminating at a brace elevation located between the cantilever elevation of the face wall and the gradient;a plurality of additional resistance fin sheet piles connected linearly to each brace fin sheet pile, each plurality of resistance fin sheet piles terminating at a cradle elevation located below the cantilever elevation, wherein each plurality of interconnected resistance fin sheet piles interconnects each respective brace fin sheet pile so that said respective fin sheet piles define a linear relationship relative to each other;a temporary excavation bench defined by an absence of removed embankment ...

COMBINED WALL PILING SYSTEM

A king pile for a combined wall system includes a first flange, a second flange, and a web. The first flange has a first flange body that is a generally rectangular plate having a first edge, a second edge, and a face. A first king pile interlock is formed integrally with the first flange body at the first edge, and a second king pile interlock is formed integrally with the first flange body at the second edge. The king pile includes a second flange having a second flange body, the second flange body being a generally rectangular plate having a face. The king pile also includes a web. The web may be a generally rectangular plate that is coupled to the face of the first flange body and the face of the second flange body. The first flange, second flange, and web may be formed separately and coupled by welding. 1. A king pile for a combined wall system comprising: a first flange body, the first flange body being a generally rectangular plate having a length and a width, the first flange body having a first edge, a second edge, and a face;', 'a first king pile interlock positioned at the first edge of the first flange body and formed integrally therewith; and', 'a second king pile interlock positioned at the second edge of the first flange body and formed integrally therewith;, 'a first flange, the first flange havinga second flange, the second flange having a second flange body, the second flange body being a generally rectangular plate having a face; anda web, the web being a generally rectangular plate, the web coupled to the face of the first flange body and the face of the second flange body.2. The king pile of claim 1 , wherein the web is coupled to the face of the first flange body and the face of the second flange body by welding.3. The king pile of claim 1 , wherein the first flange further comprises a drop nose claim 1 , the drop nose being an extension from the face of the first flange body that runs along the length of the first flange claim 1 , and wherein ...

CONSTRUCTION OF THE PREFABRICATED COLUMN AND BEAM TYPE

A system of construction that performs advanced prefabrication of columns—beams type structure of buildings, prefabrication which results industrialization of this type of construction. The main development that allows this achievement in the same technical conditions, even better conditions than in the conventional system, is the massive use of braces as well vertically as horizontally. Such a building system is of special interest in areas where seismic risk is high because the building is very lightweight, constituted of a set of structurally self-sufficient units, heavily triangulated and therefore hardly deformable, all these at an affordable cost. 1. A method for construction of a building structure , comprising: 'a plurality of starting bars or a connector assembly along at least one end portion of each of the column and beam;', 'wherein each column and beam of the plurality of columns and beams, comprise,'}, 'prefabricating a plurality of columns and beams, and a plurality of braces, at a factory site,'} assembling a peripheral junction by connecting the columns to adjacent beams, and the plurality of braces to adjacent beams,', 'assembling a central junction of reinforced concrete, at an intersection between columns and beams along the respective end portions thereof with the plurality of starting bars or the connector assembly, the central junction comprises a plurality of prefabricated metallic frames or connection blocks for reinforcement of the central junction, the prefabricated metallic frames to be welded with the starting bars of the beams, or the connector assembly to be connected with the connection blocks, while the columns bottoms with respective starting bars respective ends thereof or the columns bottoms with the connector assembly to be connected with the connection blocks for assembling with a foundation or with the columns of a lower floor of the building, and', 'pouring concrete in the central junctions and along the bottom of the columns ...

Method for Producing a Construction Element, in Particular a Tunnel Element, Having a Watertight Seal

Method for producing a construction element, in particular a tunnel element, from a curing material, such as concrete, in a mould, said construction element being provided with a watertight seal on at least one side thereof, wherein a gasket is used comprising a deforming body which is produced from a yielding material, such as rubber. According to the invention a base is produced from a relatively strong material, which base may or may not be detachable from the deforming body. Said base with or without said deforming body is placed against an inner side of the mould, said curing material is cast in the mould, and said curing material is cured to form said construction element with said watertight seal.

GROUND WATER FLOW DEVICE AND SYSTEM, METHOD FOR CONTROLLING GROUND WATER FLOW

A ground water flow device has a support element and a filter sheet . The filter sheet has a first side and a second side . Tubes are provided with flow apertures which are large enough to allow the passage of water and soil particles. The tubes each have an inner space . The tubes each hold one of the filter sheets in their inner space . A first part of the flow apertures is facing the first side of the filter sheets and a second part of the flow apertures is facing the second side of the filter sheets , defining in each tube a flow path for ground water from the first part of the flow apertures through the filter sheet to the second part of the flow apertures 1. A ground water flow device comprising:a support element and a filter element, wherein the filter element has a first side and a second side facing away from the first side, the support element comprises flow apertures which are large enough to allow the passage of water and soil particles, and the filter element comprises pore openings large enough to allow the passage of water from the first side to the second side and small enough to block the passage of soil particles, whereinthe support element is rigid and comprises at least one tube which has a longitudinal direction and an inner space extending in the longitudinal direction, wherein the at least one tube sealingly holds the filter element in the inner space, the filter element extending in the longitudinal direction, and the at least one tube is provided with the flow apertures, which are distributed such over a circumference of the tube that a first part of the flow apertures is facing the first side of the filter element and second part of the flow apertures is facing the second side of the filter element, defining a flow path for ground water from the first part of the flow apertures through the filter element to the second part of the flow apertures.2. The ground water flow device according to claim 1 , wherein the filter element is exchangeable ...

PILE, PILE HEAD AND CONNECTOR THEREFOR

A pile head for a screw pile having a top end and a longitudinal axis is provided. The pile head comprises a mounting portion engaging the pile and an extendable portion movably mounted to the mounting portion. The extendable portion is movable relative to the mounting portion, along the longitudinal axis. A first fastening means is used to removably fasten the mounting portion of the pile head to the top end of the pile and preventing unwanted movement of the pile head relative to the pile, along the longitudinal axis. A screw pile, a removable helical member and a body extension for a screw pile are also provided. 157-. (canceled)58. A screw pile comprising:a pile body having a top end, a bottom end and a wall extending therebetween, the pile body defining a longitudinal axis of the screw pile, the pile body further having at least one bore defined at the top end;a helical member mounted to the bottom end of the pile body; a mounting portion including a sleeve portion engaging the top end of the pile body and at least one hole defined in the sleeve portion, the top end of the pile body being received within the sleeve portion, the at least one hole of the sleeve portion being in alignment with the at least one bore of the pile body;', 'an extendable portion movably mounted to the mounting portion, the extendable portion being movable relative to the mounting portion, along the longitudinal axis; and', 'at least one fastener extending through the at least one hole of the sleeve portion and the at least one bore of the pile body for removably fastening the mounting portion of the pile head to the top end of the pile body., 'a pile head mounted to the top end of the pile body, the pile head including59. The screw pile as claimed in claim 58 , wherein the sleeve portion includes a top end claim 58 , a bottom end and a curved wall extending therebetween.60. The screw pile as claimed in claim 59 , wherein the curved wall has an outer curved surface and an inner curved ...

PROFILED CONNECTION SECTION FOR LARSSEN-SHEET PILES

The invention relates to a profiled connection section with a constant cross-section for coupling at least two Larssen sheet piles (Sx, Sy, Sz) at an angle of 90°, comprising two identically designed hooked strips (). Each hooked strip () has a hook-shaped hook section (), a lock base () which adjoins one end of the hook section () and runs in a straight manner, and a stop () which adjoins the lock base perpendicularly to the lock base (). The free end of the hook section () together with the stop () forms a lock jaw () for hanging the sheet pile lock of the Larssen sheet pile (Sx, Sy, Sz), and when viewed in a cross-sectional direction, each hooked strip () has an imaginary anchor point (A, B, C) on which the main contact point of the lock profile of the sheet pile (Sx, Sy, Sz) is arranged in an ideal assembly position. According to the invention, the anchor point (A, B, C) of each hooked strip () has a specified distance (Ay, Bxz, Cy) which is normal to the main direction (X; Y; Z) of the Larssen sheet pile (Sx, Sy, Sz) hung on the respective other hooked strip () in the ideal assembly position, wherein the distances between the anchor points (A; B, C) normal to the main directions (X, Y, C) of the Larssen sheet piles (Sx, Sy, Sz) hung on the hooked strips () in the ideal assembly position are identical. 1. A profiled connection section with a constant cross-section for coupling at least two Larssen sheet piles at an angle of 90° , comprising two identically configured hooked strips , wherein each hooked strip has a hook-shaped hook section , a lock base , which adjoins one end of the hook section and extends in a straight manner , and a stop , which adjoins the lock base perpendicularly , wherein the free end of the hook section together with the stop form a lock jaw for hanging the sheet pile lock of the Larssen sheet pile , and wherein , when viewed in a cross-sectional direction , each hooked strip has an imaginary anchor point on which the main contact point ...

STEEL PIPE COFFERDAM CONSTRUCTION METHOD USING SUCTION PENETRAION AND STACKING OF PIPE MEMBERS

A circular pipe member is penetrated into the seabed by a suction pressure, and a plurality of circular pipe members are vertically stacked thereon and integrated thereto to construct a cofferdam. When dismantling the cofferdam, the circular pipe members are disassembled and dismantled in order by using a lifting wire installed at a newly constructed structure installed in the inner space of the cofferdam. 1. A cofferdam construction method , which includes a process of constructing a cofferdam by using a main circular pipe member and an additional circular pipe member and a process of dismantling the cofferdam by disassembling and removing the circular pipe members in order after the use of the cofferdam ,wherein the process of constructing a cofferdam includes:submerging the main circular pipe member made of a steel pipe body such that a lower end of the main circular pipe member is placed on a seabed and an upper end of the main circular pipe member is located above a water surface; andstacking a transported additional circular pipe member vertically on the main circular pipe member and assembling the upper and lower circular pipe members to each other in a watertight form so as to be capable of being disassembled,wherein while the additional circular pipe member is being stacked on and assembled to the main circular pipe member or after the additional circular pipe member is entirely stacked on and completely assembled to the main circular pipe member, a cover for blocking a traverse section of the circular pipe members is installed to the main circular pipe member or the additional circular pipe member, a suction hose is connected to the cover to suck water in an inner hollow below the cover into a negative pressure state to form a suction pressure so that the main circular pipe member is penetrated into the seabed by the suction pressure, and the cover is separated and removed,wherein pile coupling members are integrally provided to outer surfaces of the main ...

WIND TURBINE FOUNDATION AND WIND TURBINE

A wind energy plant foundation is provided with a plurality of ready-made concrete foundation segments. The foundation segments have a plurality of first and second sheaths which serve to receive tension wires for bracing the foundation segments. 1. A foundation for receiving a wind energy plant tower with a plurality of tower segments , the foundation comprising:a plurality of pre-formed concrete foundation segments, each foundation segment having a plurality of first and second sheaths that are configured to receive tension wires for bracing the foundation segments, wherein each foundation segment has an under side, an upper side configured to receive a lower tower segment of the plurality of foundation segments, an inner side, an inwardly curved outer side, two side faces and an outer section, wherein the plurality of first sheaths extend parallel to the under side of the foundation segment and the plurality of second sheaths extend between the outer section and the upper side of the foundation segment or parallel to the two side faces.2. The foundation according to wherein the plurality of second sheaths follow a curvature of the inwardly curved outer side.3. The foundation according to claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of segment anchors on the outer section in the region of the ends of the second sheaths for receiving an end of a tension wire for bracing the foundation segment.4. A wind energy plant comprising:a wind energy plant foundation including:a plurality of pre-formed concrete foundation segments, each foundation segment having a plurality of first and second sheaths that are configured to receive tension wires for bracing the foundation segments, wherein each foundation segment has an under side, an upper side configured to receive a lower tower segment of the plurality of foundation segments, an inner side, an inwardly curved outer side, two side faces and an outer section, wherein the plurality of first sheaths extend parallel to the under ...

CONCRETE BLOCK CONSTRUCTION METHOD AND GUIDE MEMBER FOR INSTALLING CONCRETE BLOCK

A concrete block construction method, including: manufacturing a plurality of concrete blocks each having a vertical guide hole formed in a vertical direction; preparing a guide member for installing the concrete blocks; forming a lower concrete block structure by installing at least one of the concrete blocks; placing the concrete block subject to be installed on the lower concrete block structure by inserting the installation guide pole into the vertical guide hole of the concrete block subject to be installed; and separating and recovering the guide member for installing the concrete block from the concrete block subject to be installed, after placing the concrete block subject to be installed. 1. A concrete block construction method , the method comprising:manufacturing a plurality of concrete blocks each having a vertical guide hole formed in a vertical direction;preparing a guide member for installing the concrete blocks, the guide member includes an installation guide pole provided with a guide body having a cross-sectional shape corresponding to the vertical guide hole and extended in the vertical direction, a cap formed on an upper part of the guide body and having a stopping step protruding from a rim thereof, and an insertion guide part positioned at a lower part of the guide body and of which a cross-sectional area gradually decreases in a downward direction;forming a lower concrete block structure by installing at least one of the concrete blocks;placing the concrete block subject to be installed on the lower concrete block structure by inserting the installation guide pole into the vertical guide hole of the concrete block subject to be installed, positioning the guide body inside the vertical guide hole of the concrete block subject to be installed until the stopping step of the cap stops at an upper surface of the concrete block subject to be installed, lifting the concrete block subject to be installed using a separate lifting means while the ...

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR IN SITU TEMPORARY CONTAINMENT OF SHALLOW CONTAMINATED SOILS

A method for installing an in situ, low-permeability temporary horizontal barrier at depth for vertical containment of a soil mass including installing a low permeability vertical barrier having walls located to contain a predetermined soil volume, the vertical barrier having a horizontal surface area in a plane perpendicular to its walls; and injecting low permeability reagents capable of forming a temporary horizontal barrier in a pattern suitable for creating a horizontal subsurface barrier joined to all of the vertical barrier walls to form an in situ barrier. 1. A method for installing an in situ , low-permeability temporary horizontal barrier at depth for vertical containment of a soil mass , the method comprising:installing a low permeability vertical barrier having a plurality of walls located to contain a predetermined soil volume, the vertical barrier having a horizontal surface area in a plane perpendicular to its walls; andinjecting low permeability reagents capable of forming a temporary horizontal barrier in a pattern suitable for creating a horizontal subsurface barrier joined to all of the vertical barrier walls to form an in situ barrier.2. The method of further comprising implementing quality assurance and validation procedures after installation of the in situ barrier.3. The method of further comprising implementing remediation procedures.4. The method of further comprising monitoring of the site.5. The method of further comprising removing the horizontal barrier through application of a solution capable of dissolving the barrier.6. The method of wherein the horizontal barrier degrades in a predefined duration due to environmental conditions.7. The method of wherein the low permeability reagents capable of forming a horizontal barrier are selected from the group consisting of sodium bentonite claim 1 , enzyme-induced calcite precipitation claim 1 , biopolymers claim 1 , guar claim 1 , microorganisms claim 1 , vegetable oil claim 1 , polysaccharide ...

PILE, PILE HEAD AND CONNECTOR THEREFOR

A pile head for a screw pile having a top end and a longitudinal axis is provided. The pile head comprises a mounting portion engaging the pile and an extendable portion movably mounted to the mounting portion. The extendable portion is movable relative to the mounting portion, along the longitudinal axis. A first fastening means is used to removably fasten the mounting portion of the pile head to the top end of the pile and preventing unwanted movement of the pile head relative to the pile, along the longitudinal axis. A screw pile, a removable helical member and a body extension for a screw pile are also provided. 1. A screw pile comprising:a pile body having a top end, a bottom end and a wall extending therebetween, the pile body defining a longitudinal axis of the screw pile;a helical member mounted to the bottom end of the pile body;a pile head mounted to the top end of the pile body, the pile head including a mounting portion engaging the pile body and an extendable portion movably mounted to the mounting portion, the extendable portion being movable relative to the mounting portion, along the longitudinal axis; anda first fastening means for removably fastening the mounting portion of the pile head to the top end of the pile body and preventing unwanted movement of the pile head relative to the pile body, along the longitudinal axis.2. A screw pile according to claim 1 , wherein the mounting portion of the pile head comprises a sleeve portion engaging the top end of the pile body and including a top end and a bottom end claim 1 , and a plate portion mounted to the top end of the sleeve portion claim 1 , the extendable portion being mounted to the plate portion.3. A screw pile according to claim 2 , wherein the plate portion of the mounting portion comprises a threaded hole extending along the longitudinal axis claim 2 , and the extendable portion comprises a threaded shaft claim 2 , the threaded shaft of the extendable portion threadably engaging the threaded ...

Apparatus and Methods for Underground Structures and Construction Thereof

Described herein are apparatus, systems and methods useful in forming underground vertical structures. Methods are described for constructing an underground vertical structure, comprising the steps of excavating soil to a sufficient depth to create a circular void to accommodate a plurality of segments; assembling a ring shaped structure comprising the plurality of segments; connecting the outside surface of the ring shaped structure with the soil in said circular void, thereby securing the ring shaped structure to the soil; excavating earth beneath the ring shaped structure to accommodate a second ring shaped structure; and repeating steps b-d thereby forming one or more additional ring shaped structures downward into the earth below already formed ring shaped structures until a predetermined depth is reached; thereby forming the underground vertical structure. Systems to perform the above methods are also disclosed. 1. An underground structure comprising:a horizontal ring including a plurality of segments,wherein the plurality of segments includes two or more segments, wherein the two or more segments include a body comprising a top horizontal face, a bottom horizontal face, a left face, and a right face,wherein at least one of the left face and the right face are not substantially vertical,wherein the two or more segments include one or more vertical conduits starting at the top horizontal face and ending at the bottom horizontal face.2. The underground structure of claim 1 , wherein the one or more vertical conduits are configured to install vertical post tension cables emerging at the top horizontal face and the bottom horizontal face.3. The underground structure of claim 1 , wherein the two or more segments include one or more horizontal conduits starting at the right face and ending at the left face.4. The underground structure of claim 3 , wherein the one or more horizontal conduits are configured to install horizontal post tension cables emerging at the ...

BUILDING ELEMENTS FOR MAKING RETAINING WALLS, AND SYSTEMS AND METHODS OF USING SAME

A building element for coupling with other building elements to erect a retaining wall. Exemplary building elements have receiving spaces for receiving increased weight of fill material to provide increased stability. Optionally, each building element can have an enlarged face profile that provides efficiency in the shipping and assembly process. Optionally, each building element can define alignment voids that receive portions of alignment posts for ensuring vertical alignment between adjacent building elements or portions of building elements. 1. A building element for forming a portion of a retaining wall , the building element comprising:a face panel comprising a top surface, a bottom surface, a front surface, and a rear surface positioned on an opposing side of the face panel from the front surface, wherein the face panel comprises a length dimension oriented along a first axis, a width dimension oriented along a second axis that is perpendicular to the first axis, and a height dimension oriented along a third axis that is perpendicular to the first and second axes; anda beam member coupled to the rear surface of the face panel, the beam member comprising a main body and first and second foot portions, the main body having an upper surface and first and second side surfaces that are substantially parallel to the second axis, wherein the first and second foot portions project, respectively, from the first and second side surfaces relative to the first axis, and wherein the first and second foot portions have respective lower surfaces that are substantially co-planar with the bottom surface of the face panel and respective upper surfaces that are positioned between the bottom and top surfaces of the face panel relative to the third axis,wherein the beam member has a distal end portion spaced from the front panel relative to the second axis, wherein the distal end portion comprises first and second projections that project, respectively, from the first and second ...

Post-Frame Footing Assembly and Vertical Post

A footing assembly for a vertical post in post-frame construction is provided that supports three-axis loading and facilitates proper locating of the vertical post within a drilled hole. The footing assembly comprises post rail assembly that is slidably disposed within an elongated bridge plate member. A vertical post is furthermore slidably received within the post rail assembly along the vertical post lower end. The slidable connections of the post rail assembly and the vertical post facilitate two-axis position of the vertical post within an excavated hole once placed therein, while the telescoping construction of the vertical post facilitates a vertical positioning of a post bracket secured to the upper portion of the vertical post. The present invention allows for proper locating of a vertical post within a footing hole, while also providing a footing assembly that supports three-axis loading once installed. 1. A post-frame construction assembly , comprising:a footing assembly comprising a bridge plate member and a post rail assembly;said post rail assembly being disposed within said bridge plate member and said post rail assembly being slidably positionable within said bridge plate member in a first direction;a vertical post member comprising a lower end and an upper end;said lower end being disposed within said post rail assembly and said lower end being slidably positionable within said post rail assembly in a second direction;said first direction and said second direction being orthogonal and in a plane parallel to said footing assembly;said upper end of said vertical post member comprising a substantial U-shape.2. The post-frame construction assembly of claim 1 , wherein:said bridge plate member further comprises a lower surface, a first and second upstanding flange extending upward therefrom to form a substantial U-shape, and an inward lip extending inward from each upstanding flange;said post rail assembly being slidably disposed within said substantial ...

EARTHQUAKE DYNAMIC ARCHES WITH STACKED WEDGE FOUNDATION

The present invention is an arch/building support system comprising two (or more) opposing wedges, at least one located at the base of each side of the arch, with the bases of the opposing wedges facing each other, the opposing wedges connected to each other by a semi-rigid flexible rod or rods. In a building structure, the flexible member could be rebar(s) made of one or various materials (metal, plastic, nylon etc.) with various degree of elasticity. The rebars could envelop the structure (around the outside or shell) or reside within it, and may also incorporate some sort of spring mechanism. The rebar(s) are anchored to the upper wedge on each side of the arch, but need not be, and could instead be anchored to the ground. 1. A dynamic arch system comprising a plurality of triangular-shaped concrete footings located underneath two opposing sides of a foundation wall for a structure , said concrete footings unattached to the foundation walls , said concrete footings on opposite sides of said structure connected to each other by at least one flexible member positioned along the outside of said structure between said concrete footings;wherein said triangular-shaped concrete footings are capable of rotating from a first position with a corner at the lowest point vertically to a second position with a corner at the highest position vertically.2. The dynamic arch system according to claim 1 , wherein said flexible member is a single flexible member comprising a plurality of rebars fixedly connected together to form one flexible member.3. The dynamic arch system according to comprising at least two segments of flexible members between each pair of triangular-shaped concrete footings claim 1 , further comprising a spring connected between said two segments of flexible members.4. A dynamic arch system comprising a plurality of triangular-shaped concrete footings located underneath two opposing sides of a foundation wall for a structure claim 1 , said concrete footings ...

PILE DRIVER AND METHOD OF DRIVING A PILE INTO AN UNDERWATER BED

A pile driver configured to drive a pile into an underwater bed includes a floatable body with a pile guide configured to guide the pile in a downward direction, and an actuator that is fixed to the floatable body and that is configured to drive the pile from the floatable body into the underwater bed. A method of driving a pile into an underwater bed includes the steps of: positioning a floatable body; arranging a pile in a pile guide configured to guide said pile in a downward direction; and driving the pile from the floatable body into the underwater bed by an actuator that is fixed to the floatable body. 1. A pile driver , configured to drive a pile into an underwater bed , comprising:a floatable body with a pile guide configured to guide said pile in a downward direction; andan actuator that is fixed to the floatable body and that is configured to drive the pile from the floatable body into the underwater bed.2. The pile driver according to claim 1 , wherein the actuator is configured to apply a gradual driving force during driving of said pile.3. The pile driver according to claim 2 , wherein the pile guide is displaceable relative to the floatable body.4. The pile driver according to claim 3 , wherein the pile guide comprises a pivot.5. The pile driver according to claim 1 , wherein the actuator comprises a pulley assembly.6. The pile driver according to claim 5 , wherein the pulley assembly comprises a first set of pulleys arranged on said floatable body and a second set of pulleys arranged on said pile.7. The pile driver according to claim 6 , wherein the pulley assembly comprises a single tensioner.8. The pile driver according to claim 7 , wherein the second set of pulleys is arranged on a pile cover.9. The ile driver according to claim 1 , wherein the actuator comprises an hydraulic extender.10. The pile driver according to claim 9 , wherein the actuator further comprises a weight that is displaceable relative to said floatable body.11. The pile driver ...

MODULAR HELICAL PIER FOUNDATION SUPPORT SYSTEMS, ASSEMBLIES AND METHODS WITH SNAP-LOCK COUPLINGS

Improved couplers for a building foundation support system include helical ribs and helical grooves in combination with an integrated spring retainer element that automatically snaps into place as the couplers are engaged. Rotational and axial interlocking attachment of support piles is therefore possible without utilizing separately provided fasteners such as bolts. 1. A foundation support system comprising:a first coupler;a second coupler configured to rotationally interlock with the first coupler; anda spring retainer element configured to automatically engage and axially interlock the first coupler and the second coupler with snap-fit engagement as the first and second couplers are mated;wherein the axial interlock avoids a separation of the first and second couplers at a below ground location due to axially directed uplift forces when the foundation support system is installed in a building site to support the foundation.2. The foundation support system of claim 1 , wherein each of the first and second couplers includes a plurality of ribs or a plurality of grooves claim 1 , the plurality of ribs and the plurality of grooves being rotationally interlocked when the first and second couplers are mated.3. The foundation support system of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of ribs are respectively formed with a retainer groove claim 2 , and the retainer groove receiving a portion of the spring retainer element with snap-fit engagement when the first and second couplers are mated.4. The foundation support system of claim 3 , wherein the plurality of ribs or the plurality of grooves includes a plurality of helical ribs or a plurality of helical grooves.5. The foundation support system of claim 4 , wherein each helical rib or helical groove completes only about ¼ turn on a surface of the respective first or second coupler.6. The foundation support system of claim 5 , wherein the first coupler includes four helical ribs and wherein the second coupler includes four helical ...

Pile cap with integrated bearing housing

This disclosure relates to the design of pile cap assemblies configured to rotatably couple the torque tube of a photovoltaic solar tracker to multiple support piles that elevate the torque tube above the ground. The pile cap assemblies define low friction bearings that allow the torque tube to rotate smoothly within the low friction bearings. The pile cap assemblies also include numerous mounting hole configurations that allow for adjustment of a position of the pile cap assemblies with respect to the support piles. This allows for any small variation in positioning of the support piles to be accommodated.

CANTILEVERED RESILIENT STRUT CONNECTOR

The present invention relates to a joint arrangement for joining first and second longitudinally aligned members, said joint arrangement comprising at least one strut arranged to project from at least one of said first and second longitudinally aligned members, said at least one strut comprising a proximal end attached to the member from which it projects and a remote (distal) end arranged to be displaced away from said member, said distal end arranged to abut a complementary stop in/on the other member when said second member penetrates said first member, wherein said at least one strut is a compression strut which acts to resist withdrawal of the second member via compression in the strut. 132-. (canceled)33. A joint arrangement for joining first and second longitudinally aligned members , said joint arrangement comprising:at least one strut arranged to project from said first longitudinally aligned member in an inboard manner towards the axis of said first longitudinally aligned member or arranged to project from said second longitudinally aligned member in an outboard manner away from the axis of said second longitudinally aligned member;said at least one strut comprising a proximal end attached to the member from which it projects and a remote (distal) end arranged to be laterally displaced away from said member;said distal end arranged to abut a complementary stop in/on the other member when said second member penetrates said first member,wherein said at least on strut is a compression strut which acts to resist withdrawal of the second member via compression in the strut.34. The joint arrangement of claim 33 , wherein:(i) the at least one strut is formed from a sleeve (collar) that is attached to the first member and/or second member;(ii) the at least one strut is formed from the wall of the first member and/or second member;(iii) the at least one strut is arranged to project away in an inboard or outboard manner from the respective member from which it is ...

RETAINING WALL SYSTEM

A retaining wall system includes a face panel having a first end beam and a second end beam extending in parallel to the first end beam. The face panel extends a height defined from the first end beam to the second end beam when the face panel is oriented in an upright position. The face panel further includes a backfill side and is configured to retain a backfill material on the backfill side of the face panel. The retaining wall system further includes a support leg having a bracket for receiving the first end beam therein and an extension platform transversely oriented to the height of the face panel when the first end beam is received within the bracket. The extension platform extends away from the bracket and is configured to anchor the face panel in the upright position. 120-. (canceled)21. A retaining wall system comprising:a face panel comprising a first end beam and a second end beam extending in parallel to the first end beam, the face panel extending a height defined from the first end beam to the second end beam when the face panel is oriented in an upright position, the face panel further comprising a front side and a backfill side, wherein the face panel defines a plurality of openings extending through the face panel from the front side to the backfill side and is configured to retain a backfill material on the backfill side; anda support leg comprising a first end, a second end spaced from the first end to define a length of the support leg, and a base extending the length of the support leg for positioning the support leg on a ground surface, the support leg further comprising a bracket for receiving the first end beam therein and an extension platform transversely oriented to the height of the face panel when the first end beam is received within the bracket and extending away from the bracket to the second end, the extension platform configured to anchor the face panel in the upright position.22. The retaining wall system of claim 21 , wherein the ...

RECTILINEAR CONNECTOR FOR PILE, PANELS, AND PIPES

The present invention includes an interlock having an elongate male plug and an elongate female socket. The socket has an open rectangular cross-section with a receiving cavity designed to receive and ensleeve the plug, which also has a rectangular cross-section. The socket includes a back wall, top wall, bottom wall, and a discontinuous front wall creating an upper and lower flange with an opening existing between the free ends of the flanges. The bottom, top, and back walls are planar in shape providing three planes on which the socket can mate to a planar portion of a structure, such as a sheet pile. The plug includes a flange-contacting surface with a pile receipt disposed inwardly from the flange-contacting surface. The inwardly set pile receipt allows an end of a plate to be secured to the plug within the outer perimeter of the plug resulting in an obstruction free flange-contacting surface. 1. An interlock assembly , comprising:an elongate socket having a receiving cavity sized to receive an elongate plug; an open rectangular cross-section having a back wall generally perpendicular to and integrated into both a top wall and a bottom wall, wherein the top wall and bottom wall are parallel to each other and extend the same distance in the same direction;', 'the top wall integrated into an upper flange, wherein the upper flange is perpendicular to the top wall and parallel to the back wall;', 'the bottom wall integrated into a lower flange, wherein the lower flange is perpendicular to the bottom wall and parallel to the back wall;', 'the upper and lower flanges extend towards each other and a passage exists between free ends of the upper and lower flanges;', 'the passage extends the length of the socket and is adapted to receive a section of a plate attached to the elongate plug;, 'the elongate socket includes a rectangular cross-section having an outer perimeter sized to be ensleeved by the elongate socket; and', 'a lateral surface that acts as a flange- ...

Steel pipe coupling device for steel pipes

A coupling device includes male and female couplings having first and second circumferential grooves on surfaces of the respective couplings that face each other when the couplings are fitted together. The coupling device further includes an engaging member. When the male coupling is pushed into the female coupling, the engaging member is retracted into the second groove, allowing the male coupling to be inserted into the female coupling, and when the couplings are fitted together, the engaging member is pushed into the first groove by coil springs so as to be fitted into both of the groove, thereby preventing separation of the male and female couplings in the axial direction. Countersunk head screws support respective divided pieces of the engaging member. Slotted head setscrews are screwed in at boundaries between the adjacent divided pieces to press the divided pieces against the bottom of the first groove.

RING-SHAPED COFFERDAM AND TEMPORARY PIT EXCAVATION STRUCTURE USING TAPERED SQUARE PIPE, AND CONSTRUCTION METHOD THEREOF

A ring-shaped cofferdam and temporary pit excavation structure using tapered square pipes includes a plurality of tapered square pipes a trapezoidal cross-section, in which the plurality of tapered square pipes each have a coupling protrusion or a coupling groove formed in a longitudinal direction on a first side, the plurality of tapered square pipes each have a coupling protrusion or a coupling groove formed in the longitudinal direction on a second side, the plurality of tapered square pipes are assembled by coupling the coupling protrusions and the coupling grooves, a long side of two parallel sides of the trapezoid is disposed outside, and a short side is disposed inside. 1. A ring-shaped cofferdam and temporary pit excavation structure using tapered square pipes , the structure comprising a plurality of tapered square pipes a trapezoidal cross-section , whereinthe plurality of tapered square pipes each have a coupling protrusion or a coupling groove formed in a longitudinal direction on a first side,the plurality of tapered square pipes each have a coupling protrusion or a coupling groove formed in the longitudinal direction on a second side,the plurality of tapered square pipes are assembled by coupling the coupling protrusions and the coupling grooves,a long side of two parallel sides of the trapezoid is disposed outside, anda short side is disposed inside.2. The structure of claim 1 , wherein the coupling protrusion of the first tapered square pipe has a rectangular cross-section claim 1 , andthe coupling groove of the second tapered square pipe is formed to correspond to the coupling protrusion.3. The structure of claim 1 , wherein the coupling protrusion of the first tapered square pipe has a T-shaped cross-section claim 1 , andthe coupling groove of the second tapered square pipe is formed to correspond to the coupling protrusion.4. The structure of claim 1 , wherein the coupling protrusion of the first tapered square pipe has a trapezoidal cross-section ...

Wall Element System and Method and Apparatus for Constructing Shoring Walls

A caisson or casing 107 for installing a sheet 102/103 into a ground or underwater location, the caisson 107 having a shaped wall 107.1 , which is open for a predetermined length and is adapted to receive and connect to an excavation means 3 within the confines of the caisson or casing 107 . In at least one embodiment, the system includes a drilling assembly 3 for insertion of a caisson or casing 1 , the drilling assembly 3 having one or more expanding drill bits 4 which are adapted to be driven by a drilling or rotation motive device 5 , the expanding drill bits 4 being adapted to be arranged with respect to the caisson or casing 1 in use, so as form a hole or bore which substantially conforms to, or substantially overlaps with, the shape of the caisson or casing 1.

Modular grid foundation

Method of building a grid system wherein a plurality of modular apparatuses can be arranged at a structure site. The plurality modular apparatuses can have a central tubular member having an inner bore formed between a proximal end and a distal end, and a plurality of vanes having a lateral width at least equal to a diameter of the central tubular member. The one or more modular apparatuses can be positioned above a surface of the structure site. Each of the plurality modular apparatuses can be connected with at least two adjacent modular apparatuses of the plurality of modular apparatuses via a locking lug on one of the plurality of vanes slidingly engaged with a locking channel on an adjacent modular apparatus. The plurality of modular apparatuses can then be driven into the structure site wherein the inner bore receives earthen formation therein.

DEVICES USED IN LABORATORIES TO MEASURE HORIZONTAL DISPLACEMENT OF SOIL AROUND A FOUNDATION TO BE TREATED BY VACUUM PRELOADING, AND MEASUREMENT METHODS

The present invention discloses a device used in laboratories to measure horizontal displacement of soil around a region to be treated by vacuum preloading, comprising a box; dredger fill is injected into the box; a vertical drainage board and a vacuum pumping tube are buried within soil in the region to be treated, with the vacuum pumping tube being provided with a vacuum degree detector, the vacuum pumping tube being connected to the plastic drainage board and to a vacuum pump, and a seal membrane covering or wrapping soil in the region to be treated; a loading device is provided above the seal membrane to assist the drainage; transverse tubes are inserted into a side of the box, the transverse tubes being in surrounding soil of the region to be treated; an annular sensing source which is movable along the transverse tubes together with soil is sleeved on the transverse tubes; each of the transverse tubes is provided with a sensing instrument, and the sensing instrument is connected with a sensor which can be inserted into the transverse tube; when the sensor reaches the sensing source, an alarm signal is sent, and in this way, the different positions of the sensing source at different moments of time are determined. The present invention further provides a measurement method by using the device as described above. By the device used in laboratories to measure horizontal displacement of soil around a region to be treated by vacuum preloading, the amount of displacement of soil around the foundation when treated by vacuum preloading can be accurately obtained. 1. A device used in laboratories to measure horizontal displacement of soil around a region to be treated by vacuum preloading , comprising a box , characterized in that dredger fill is injected into the box; a vertical drainage board and a vacuum pumping tube are buried within soil in the region to be treated , with the vacuum pumping tube being provided with a vacuum degree detector , a lower end of the ...

OFF SHORE WIND ENERGY INSTALLATION FOUNDATION SYSTEM

The invention relates to a marine structure comprising a foundation system with three or more suction buckets. The suction buckets are designed to be installed in the seafloor to operate as a foundation or part of it to support an offshore structure resting onto the seafloor. The suction buckets support a connector body and the connector body is designed to support a payload. The invention also relates to a method of installing a suction bucket. During the method, the suction bucket bottom penetrates the seafloor and fluid is removed from the suction space such that penetration proceeds by suction.

IMPROVEMENTS IN SEA WALLS, RETAINING WALLS AND LIKE STRUCTURES USING PIN PILES

A pin pile is disclosed for anchoring sections of sheet pile to form a wall structure. The pin pile has a casing with a plurality of external clutches formed around the periphery. In use other corresponding clutches on the sections of sheet pile can interlock with the external clutches of the pin pile over a range of angles in accordance with a directional extent of said wall structure. 1. A pin pile for anchoring sections of sheet pile to form a wall structure , said pin pile having a casing with a plurality of external clutches formed around the periphery thereof whereby in use other corresponding clutches on said sections of said sheet pile can interlock with the external clutches of the pin pile over a range of angles in accordance with a directional extent of said wall structure.2. The pin pile as claimed in wherein the external clutches are formed as one piece with said casing.3. The pin pile as claimed in wherein said external clutches include pairs of male and/or female clutches which slidably engage with said other corresponding clutches on said sections of sheet pile.4. The pin pile as claimed in wherein said external clutches are spaced to engage said other corresponding clutches which are formed on inner and outer flanges of said sections of sheet pile.5. The pin pile as claimed in wherein said external female clutches include slots formed between curved arms claim 3 , said slots being shaped and sized for a sliding fit over splayed edges of said other corresponding male clutches formed on said sections of sheet pile.6. The pin pile as claimed in wherein said casing is formed from a fibre reinforced polymer.7. The pin pile as claimed in wherein said external clutches extend the length of the casing.8. A wall structure which includes a pin pile having a casing with a plurality of external clutches formed around the periphery thereof and sections of sheet pile with other corresponding clutches which interlock with said external clutches whereby said ...

Apparatus and Methods for Underground Structures and Construction Thereof

Described herein are apparatus, systems and methods useful in forming vertical structures. 1. A warehouse facility comprising:a cylindrical structure including a plurality of segments forming horizontal rings stacked vertically,at least one anchoring structure at or below a bottom horizontal ring; andone or more vertical post-tensioning cables configured to connect the at least one anchoring structure, extend through one or more segments, terminate at a location on or above the first horizontal ring, and reinforce the cylindrical structure.2. The warehouse facility of claim 1 , further comprising one or more horizontal post-tensioning cables configured to hold together the plurality of segments within a horizontal ring.3. The warehouse facility of claim 1 , further comprising one or more horizontal support members selected from one or more decks claim 1 , one or more stiffener rings claim 1 , or a combination thereof.4. The warehouse facility of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of segments comprise concrete segments.5. The warehouse facility of claim 4 , wherein the concrete segments include at least one vertical conduit configured to house the one or more vertical post-tensioning cables claim 4 , at least one horizontal conduit configured to house one or more horizontal post-tensioning cables claim 4 , or a combination thereof.6. The warehouse facility of claim 1 , further comprising one or more devices to hold together the horizontal rings stacked vertically.7. The warehouse facility of claim 6 , wherein the one or more devices to hold together the horizontal rings stacked vertically are bolts.8. The warehouse facility of claim 1 , wherein the cylindrical structure has a radius of between about 25 ft and about 200 ft.9. The warehouse facility of claim 1 , wherein the at least one anchoring structure is a foundation claim 1 , a deck claim 1 , a concrete anchor claim 1 , the bottom horizontal ring claim 1 , a tensioned anchor claim 1 , or a combination thereof.10. ...

Precast Concrete Panels Used as Surface Lining of Perimeter Surfaces of Excavations

A system for lining a perimeter surface of an excavation; the perimeter surface defined by a solid structure; the perimeter surface lined by means of precast concrete panels which are affixed to the solid structure. 166.-. (canceled)67. A lined barrier system for supporting and lining a perimeter surface of an excavation; said system comprising in combination a plurality of support columns and a flexible seal system; the perimeter surface supported by and defined by a solid structure in the form of the support columns; the perimeter surface lined by means of precast concrete panels which are affixed to the support columns; gaps between adjacent concrete panels sealed by the flexible seal system; the flexible seal system including a flexible seal member of a first type and a flexible seal member of a second type in which an overlap component of the flexible seal member of the first type overlaps a portion of a surface component of the flexible seal member of the second type to form an elongated weld zone along edges of juxtaposed concrete panels; the overlap component welded to the portion of the surface component to form a substantially watertight flexible seal between the concrete panels and thereby to form a sealed lining in combination with the support columns.68. The system of wherein the precast concrete panels are affixed to a front portion of the columns.69. The system of wherein material in the volume between the columns is not excavated.70. The system of wherein the precast concrete panels are arranged with their edges in a juxtaposed relationship.71. The system of wherein the precast concrete panels adjoin at a location between the columns.72. The system of wherein the precast concrete panels adjoin vertically.73. The system of where the precast concrete panels adjoin horizontally.74. The system of wherein the columns are substantially parallel to each other.75. The system of wherein the columns comprise piles.76. The system of wherein the piles comprise ...

PILE TESTING DEVICE

A pile testing device for testing ground includes (i) a tubular outer pile member having a helical flight mounted externally thereon, (ii) an inner pile member received within the second pile, (iii) a coupling assembly operable between an inserting position in which the inner pile member and the outer pile member are joined in fixed relation to one another so as to be arranged to be simultaneously driven into the ground and a testing position in which the inner pile member is longitudinally slidable relative to the outer pile member within a prescribed axial range but in which the inner pile member remains coupled to rotate together with the outer pile member, (iv) a jack coupled between top ends of the inner and outer pile members, and (v) a sensor adapted to measure longitudinal displacement of one of the pile members relative to the other pile member or the ground. 1. A pile testing device for testing ground , the pile testing device comprising:an outer pile member comprising a tube which is elongate in a longitudinal direction between opposing top and bottom ends of the outer pile member and a helical flight mounted externally on the tube;an inner pile member comprising a shaft which is received within the second pile to extend longitudinally outwardly beyond the top and bottom ends of the outer pile member;a coupling assembly operable between an inserting position in which the inner pile member and the outer pile member are joined in fixed relation to one another so as to be arranged to be simultaneously driven into the ground and a testing position in which the inner pile member is longitudinally slidable relative to the outer pile member within a prescribed axial range and the inner pile member is coupled to rotate together with the outer pile member;a jack adapted to be coupled between the top end of the outer pile member and a top end of the inner pile member so as to apply a longitudinal force to the pile members acting to longitudinal displace one of the ...

FOUNDATION PIER SYSTEM AND METHOD

A concentrically loaded foundation pier system which includes several concentrically stacked steel pipes filled with concrete. The entire pier is installed centrally beneath the footing of the structure. Shims are placed between the top-most pier element and a pier cap which prevents shifting when the soil expands and contracts. The final structure is end-loaded and pressed to the bedrock or other load-bearing strata. 1. A foundation pier system comprising:a base pier segment, a top pier segment, and a plurality of primary foundation pier segments;a pier cap configured to encompass at least a portion of said first pier segment, said pier cap engaged with a structural element of a building structure;at least one shim installed within said pier cap and about said top-most pier segment;a lifting platform configured to be temporarily installed about at least one of said plurality of foundation pier segments, said lifting platform configured to support a lifting assembly configured to lift said building structure such that said pier cap may be installed;said plurality of primary foundation pier segments each including a top portion and a base portion, said top portion of each said plurality of primary foundation pier segments configured to be engaged with the base portion of another of said plurality of primary foundation pier segments or a base portion of said first pier segment;said base pier segment comprising a top portion configured to be engaged with one of the base portions of said plurality of primary foundation pier segments; andsaid plurality of foundation pier segments stacked concentrically such that a single vertical axis of support is created through said plurality of foundation pier segments.2. The foundation pier system of claim 1 , further comprising:an adapter base configured to rest atop a previously placed concrete friction pier section located in the ground;said base pier segment including a partially hollow base portion; andsaid adapter base ...

PILE CAP CONNECTORS

An improved pile cap connector for connecting the top end of a driven pile, e.g., pipe pile, to a support beam or girder of a building, and/or the building proper, comprising, a cap plate, one or more lower braces secured to the underside of the cap plate to anchor the cap to the pile, two or more upper braces securable to the top side of the support plate, wherein at least one of the two or more upper braces has a length so that the brace, when secured to the cap plate, rises above the support beam or girder so that a portion of the brace lays against the building proper for fastening thereto. 1. A pile cap , for connecting a top end of a foundation piling to both a girder for a building and to the building supported by the girder , the pile cap comprising:i) a cap plate having a top side and an underside,ii) one or more lower braces affixed to the underside of the cap plate for attaching the cap plate to the pile; andiii) two or more upper braces for securable disposition to the top side of the support plate and to at least a girder, wherein at least one of the upper braces, when secured to the top side of the cap plate, has a length so that brace rises above the girder so that a portion of the brace lays against the building for fastening theretowherein the cap plate, lower braces and upper braces are manufactured from a material of sufficient strength to function under local conditions.2. The pile cap according to comprising two or more lower braces.3. The pile cap according to wherein the lower braces are manufactured by cutting sections from a pipe.4. The pile cap according to wherein the cap plate claim 2 , lower braces and upper braces are manufactured from a metal claim 2 , metal alloy or metal composite.5. The pile cap according to wherein the cap plate claim 3 , lower braces and upper braces are manufactured from a metal claim 3 , metal alloy or metal composite.6. The pile cap according to wherein the lower braces and the upper braces are attached to the ...

STRUCTURAL ARRANGEMENT INTRODUCED INTO A SLEEVE CONNECTOR HAVING VARIOUS CROSS SECTIONS FOR TUBULAR METAL POSTS

The present utility model relates to a sleeve connector () for joining tubular metal posts (), comprising locking regions () provided with a ring of locking protuberances () of height (ht), which corresponds to from 0.15 to 4% of the external diameter (D) of the locking region () in order to promote the locking together of the ends of the tubular metal posts () by means of the mechanical deformation of the locking protuberances (). 1100300120121120300121. Structural arrangement introduced into sleeve connector having various cross-sections for tubular metal posts, notably in sleeve connector () for joining tubular metal posts (), is characterized in that it comprises locking regions () provided with a ring of locking protuberances () of height (ht), which corresponds to 0.15 to 4% of the external diameter (D) of the locking region () in order to promote the locking together of the ends of the tubular metal posts () by means of the mechanical deformation of the locking protuberances (). Any and all applications for which a foreign or domestic priority claim is identified in the Application Data Sheet as filed with the present application are hereby incorporated by reference under 37 CFR 1.57.The present utility model relates to the mechanical engineering and civil engineering field, notably of tubular metal elements, specially poles, posts, and other tubular structures and the like.The present utility model relates to a sleeve connector having various cross-sections for tubular metal posts, characterized in that it provides a joining element between, at least, two tubular metal posts, having a centralization region in each end, two locking regions and an abutment region, in which an interference is established between each tubular element and the locking region elements in order to obtain the locking of the tubular elements by means of the mechanical deformation of the locking region elements.Different solutions are known from the state of the art when it comes to ...

Integral Precast Foundation Base for Pumping Unit

A beam pumping unit includes an integrated base assembly that has a precast concrete pad and a support base partially embedded within the precast concrete pad. The beam pumping unit further includes a pedestal supported by the support base and a Samson post supported by the support base. Also disclosed is a method for making and assembling a beam pumping unit near a wellhead. The method includes the steps of producing an integrated base assembly that has a support base within a concrete pad, placing the integrated base assembly near the wellhead, and securing a Samson post to the integrated base assembly. 1. A beam pumping unit comprising: a precast concrete pad; and', 'a support base partially embedded within the precast concrete pad;, 'an integrated base assembly; wherein the integrated base assembly comprisesa Samson post connected to the support base; anda walking beam supported by the Samson post.2. The beam pumping unit of claim 1 , wherein the precast concrete pad includes embedded structural reinforcements.3. The beam pumping unit of claim 2 , wherein the precast concrete pad is a post-tensioned concrete pad.4. The beam pumping unit of claim 2 , wherein the precast concrete pad is a pre-tensioned concrete pad.5. The beam pumping unit of claim 2 , wherein the precast concrete pad includes a matrix of rebar reinforcements.6. The beam pumping unit of claim 2 , wherein the support base includes an embedded portion and an exposed portion.7. The beam pumping unit of claim 6 , wherein the embedded portion is connected to the structural reinforcements within the precast concrete pad.8. The beam pumping unit of claim 1 , wherein the beam pumping unit is a conventional beam pumping unit that comprises:a crankshaft;crank arms connected to the crankshaft; anda pitman arm connected between the crank arms and the walking beam.9. The beam pumping unit of claim 8 , further comprising counterbalance weights attached to the crank arms.10. The beam pumping unit of claim 8 , ...

Wall Element System and Method and Apparatus for Constructing Shoring Walls

A caisson or casing for installing a sheet into a ground or underwater location, the caisson having a shaped wall , which is open for a predetermined length and is adapted to receive and connect to an excavation means within the confines of the caisson or casing . In at least one embodiment, the system includes a drilling assembly for insertion of a caisson or casing , the drilling assembly having one or more expanding drill bits which are adapted to be driven by a drilling or rotation motive device , the expanding drill bits being adapted to be arranged with respect to the caisson or casing in use, so as form a hole or bore which substantially conforms to, or substantially overlaps with, the shape of the caisson or casing 1. A retaining wall element or element of a formwork system for a ground or underwater location , the retaining wall element or element of a formwork system having a shaped wall which is open for a predetermined length , which is adapted to receive and connect to an excavation means within the confines of the retaining wall element or element of a formwork system.2. A retaining wall element or element of a formwork system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the shaped wall has its free sides each having a clutch claim 1 , and a connecting section which closes the retaining wall element or element of a formwork system.3. A retaining wall element or element of a formwork system as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the connection section has a wall portion with a mating clutch to join with the clutches at the wall sides of the retaining wall element or element of a formwork system.4. A retaining wall element or element of a formwork system as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the connection section is formed from one or more wall portions having clutches on it or them or can also include at least one element clutch or join formation which is adapted to engage another retaining wall element or formwork element previously inserted in the ground or underwater ...

Apparatus and Methods for Underground Structures and Construction Thereof

Described herein are apparatus, systems and methods useful in forming vertical structures. 1. An underground structure comprising:a plurality rings creating an enclosed area defined by a first end and a second end and an internal diameter, wherein each ring includes a plurality of segments the define the internal diameter, andat least one post-tensioning cable configured to hold together the plurality of segments within each ring, wherein the at least one post-tensioning cable runs through a first conduit in the plurality of segments.2. The underground structure of claim 1 , further comprising one or more stiffener rings.3. The underground structure of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of segments comprise concrete segments.4. The underground structure of claim 3 , wherein each concrete segment includes a second conduit configured to house at least one additional post-tensioning cable.5. The underground structure of claim 4 , wherein the second conduit is perpendicular to the first conduit.6. The underground structure of claim 5 , wherein the at least one additional post-tensioning cable runs through adjacent rings.7. The underground structure of claim 1 , further comprising one or more devices to hold together each ring to an adjacent ring.8. The underground structure of claim 1 , wherein the one or more devices are bolts.9. The underground structure of claim 1 , wherein the internal diameter is between about 25 ft and about 200 ft.10. The underground structure of claim 1 , wherein the cylindrical structure is configured to house automobiles claim 1 , large items claim 1 , liquid claim 1 , gas claim 1 , waste claim 1 , containments claim 1 , a utility station claim 1 , or a combination thereof.11. The underground structure of claim 1 , wherein the liquid is water claim 1 , fuel claim 1 , or liquid propane. This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/022,341, filed Jun. 28, 2018, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. ...

Chemical mechanical polishing slurry composition for shallow trench isolation process of semiconductor

본 발명은 얕은 트렌치 소자 분리용 화학적 기계적 연마 슬러리에 관한 것으로, 좀 더 구체적으로는 탈이온수, 연마입자, 연마입자 분산제로 구성된 연마제 수용액과 카르복실산 폴리머계 화합물, 함질소 유기 환상형 화합물, 아민계 화합물로 구성된 첨가제 수용액으로 얕은 트렌치 소자 분리용 화학적 기계적 연마 슬러리에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 따른 슬러리는 제거 선택비를 높이기 위해 아크릴산 폴리머계 화합물에 함질소 유기 환상형 화합물을 첨가하여 질화막의 연마 속도를 현격히 낮추고 실리콘 산화막 수화 가속제인 아민계 화합물을 첨가하여 실리콘 산화막의 제거 속도를 높여 선택비가 향상된 화학적 기계적 연마 슬러리를 제공할 수 있다. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a chemical mechanical polishing slurry for the separation of shallow trench elements, and more particularly, to an aqueous solution of an abrasive composed of deionized water, abrasive particles, and abrasive particle dispersant, a carboxylic acid polymer compound, a nitrogen-containing organic cyclic compound, and an amine. The present invention relates to a chemical mechanical polishing slurry for separating shallow trench elements with an aqueous solution of an additive composed of a compound. In order to increase the removal selectivity, the slurry according to the present invention adds a nitrogen-containing organic cyclic compound to the acrylic acid polymer compound to significantly reduce the polishing rate of the nitride film and adds an amine compound, which is a silicon oxide film hydration accelerator, to remove the silicon oxide film. To provide a chemical mechanical polishing slurry with improved selectivity. 트렌치, 소자, 연마, 슬러리, 폴리 아크릴산, 함질소 유기 환상형 화합물, 아민 Trench, element, polishing, slurry, polyacrylic acid, nitrogen-containing organic cyclic compound, amine

Chemical Mechanical Polishing Slurry Composition for Shallow Trench Isolation Process of Semiconductor

The present invention is related to a chemical-mechanical polishing slurry for shallow trench isolation, more concretely, to a chemical-mechanical polishing slurry comprising an aqueous abrasive solution comprised of deionized water, polishing particles, and a polishing particle dispersant; and an aqueous additive solution comprised of a carboxylic acid polymer compound, a nitrogen-containing organic cyclic compound, and an amine-group compound. The removal selectivity of the slurry may be improved by significantly lowering the speed of polishing of nitride film by adding a nitrogen-containing organic cyclic compound to an acrylic acid polymer compound, and by increasing the speed of removal of silicon oxide film by adding an amine-group compound, which is an accelerator of hydrolysis of silicon oxide film.

Chemical mechanical polishing slurry composition for shallow trench isolation process of semiconductor

The present invention is related to a chemical-mechanical polishing slurry for shallow trench isolation, more concretely, to a chemical-mechanical polishing slurry comprising an aqueous abrasive solution comprised of deionized water, polishing particles, and a polishing particle dispersant; and an aqueous additive solution comprised of a carboxylic acid polymer compound, a nitrogen-containing organic cyclic compound, and an amine-group compound. The removal selectivity of the slurry may be improved by significantly lowering the speed of polishing of nitride film by adding a nitrogen-containing organic cyclic compound to an acrylic acid polymer compound, and by increasing the speed of removal of silicon oxide film by adding an amine-group compound, which is an accelerator of hydrolysis of silicon oxide film.

HIGH-CAPACITY THREADED BAR MICROPILE AND CAISSON REINFORCEMENT COMPRESSION SPACER

Various examples are provided related to compression spacers which can be utilized in the construction of, e.g., a micropile or drilled shaft. In one example, a high-capacity compression spacer includes a grout vessel body including: a grout receiving portion defined by a bottom of the grout vessel body and a portion of a sidewall of the grout vessel body; a bar receiving portion extending from the grout receiving portion to a lip defining an opening of the grout vessel body; and a plurality of tie wire insertion holes distributed about the bar receiving portion. Each of the plurality of tie wire insertion holes can be configured for insertion of a tie wire. The grout vessel body can be a single piece, molded body. The grout receiving portion can be filled with a high-strength, non-expanding grout or concrete. 1. A high-capacity compression spacer , comprising: a grout receiving portion defined by a bottom of the grout vessel body and a portion of a sidewall of the grout vessel body;', 'a bar receiving portion extending from the grout receiving portion to a lip defining an opening of the grout vessel body; and', 'a plurality of tie wire insertion holes distributed about the bar receiving portion, each of the plurality of tie wire insertion holes configured for insertion of a tie wire., 'a grout vessel body including2. The high-capacity compression spacer of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the plurality of tie wire insertion holes is reinforced by a structural rib extending from the grout receiving portion to that tie wire insertion hole and channel reinforcement extending between that tie wire insertion hole and the lip.3. The high-capacity compression spacer of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the plurality of tie wire insertion holes is reinforced by a full-length channel reinforcement extending from the grout receiving portion to the lip claim 1 , the full-length channel reinforcement extending across that tie wire insertion hole.4. The high-capacity ...

CONSTRUCTION METHOD FOR UNDERWATER CONCRETE BLOCK STRUCTURE

Proposed is a construction method for an underwater concrete block structure. The concrete block structure is formed by stacking a plurality of concrete blocks on a foundation concrete block structure by using a guide pipe, and a concrete column is formed by, before removing the guide pipe, inserting a concrete column forming set such as a waterproof membrane through the inside of the guide pipe, so that the waterproof membrane can be inserted conveniently and safely and the construction speed of the concrete block structure can be further improved. 1. A construction method for an underwater concrete block structure , the construction method comprising:a concrete block fabricating step of fabricating a plurality of concrete blocks having a vertical hole extending vertically;a foundation concrete block structure formation step of forming a foundation concrete block structure by installing the concrete block on the underwater ground after the concrete block fabricating step;a guide pole installation step of installing a guide pole which comprises a guide pipe having a shape of a pipe extending vertically and an upper insertion guide coupled detachably to an upper part of the guide pipe and having a shape tapered upward, by inserting and installing a lower end part of the guide pole into the vertical hole of the concrete blocks of the foundation concrete block structure after the foundation concrete block structure formation step;a concrete block stack formation step of forming a concrete block stack by repeating a process of positioning the vertical hole of the concrete block to be installed above the guide pole above the water surface and lowering the concrete block to be installed so that the concrete block to be installed is installed on an upper portion of the foundation concrete block structure in a state in which the guide pole is inserted into the vertical hole of the concrete block to be installed after the guide pole installation step;an upper insertion guide ...

Apparatus and method for treating substrates

본 발명은 기판 처리 방법에 관한 것으로, 상기 방법은 연마 단계와 세정 단계를 포함한다. 연마 단계는 종말점 검출법에 의해 웨이퍼의 하부막이 노출될 때까지 연마가 이루어지는 중간 연마 단계와 폐루프 제어에 의한 가변 타임 방식에 의해 설정두께까지 연마가 이루어지는 최종 연마 단계를 포함한다. 또한, 세정 단계는 탈이온수로 웨이퍼를 세척하는 단계, 불산을 포함한 약액으로 웨이퍼를 브러시 세정하는 단계, 암모니아를 포함한 약액으로 웨이퍼를 브러시 세정하는 단계, 암모니아, 과산화수소, 그리고 탈이온수의 혼합 약액으로 웨이퍼를 세정하는 단계, 그리고 마란고니 원리를 이용한 건조 단계를 포함한다. The present invention relates to a substrate processing method, which comprises a polishing step and a cleaning step. The polishing step includes an intermediate polishing step in which polishing is performed until the lower film of the wafer is exposed by the end point detection method and a final polishing step in which polishing is performed up to a set thickness by a variable time method by closed loop control. In addition, the cleaning step includes the steps of washing the wafer with deionized water, brush cleaning the wafer with a chemical solution containing hydrofluoric acid, brush cleaning the wafer with a chemical solution containing ammonia, a wafer with a mixed chemical solution of ammonia, hydrogen peroxide, and deionized water. Washing, and drying using the Marangoni principle. 연마 두께, 가변 타임 방식, 폐루프 제어, 세정 Polishing Thickness, Variable Time Method, Closed Loop Control, Cleaning

배수판

Soil retaining wall using phc pile and construction method thererof

Disclosed is a wall construction method using a PHC pile which can perform a process for filling the inside of a PHC pile and waterproofing construction for the PHC pile at once. According to the present invention, the wall construction method using the PHC pile comprises: a step of installing a plurality of PHC piles at predetermined intervals with respect to the ground; a step of forming a waterproofing hole on one side of the PHC pile receiving soil pressure between the neighboring PHC pile; a step of filling hollow spaces of the PHC pile with a filler to improve the strength of the PHC pile while injecting a grout material into the waterproofing hole for waterproofing construction for the PHC pile; a step of coupling a bracket for support to fasten a furring strip to the other side of the PHC pile; and a step of using the bracket for support to install the furring strip on the other side of the PHC pile.

Reclamation Type Trench and Execution Method for Under Ground Structure Using The Same

본 발명은 매립형 트렌치 및 이를 이용한 지하구조물 바닥 시공방법에 관한 것이며, 그 목적은 합성수지로서 별도의 공정을 거쳐 제작되며, 무근 콘크리트의 바닥에 매립 설치되어 트렌치의 기능과 방수턱의 기능을 겸비토록 함으로써 시공이 용이하고, 시공비용을 절감할 수 있는 매립형 트렌치 및 이를 이용한 지하구조물 바닥 시공방법을 제공함에 있다. The present invention relates to a buried trench and an underground construction method using the same, and its purpose is to be manufactured through a separate process as a synthetic resin, and to be embedded in the floor of bare concrete to have a function of a trench and a waterproof jaw It is to provide a buried trench and an underground structure floor construction method using the same to facilitate the construction, and to reduce the construction cost. 본 발명은 길이방향으로 길게 연장되며 적어도 하나 이상의 입수구가 형성된 상판과, 상기 상판의 양측단에서 하향으로 연장되도록 상판과 일체형으로 형성된 좌/우측판과, 상기 상판과 좌/우측판을 연결 지지하도록 형성된 다수의 리브와, 상기 입수구에 설치되고 상단부가 무근 콘크리트의 상단부로 연장되어 오수가 유입되는 통로를 형성하는 배수관과, 상기 좌/우측판 중 적어도 하나 이상의 측판 하단부로부터 외측방향으로 연장되도록 형성된 날개부로 구성된 매립형 트렌치 및 이를 이용한 지하구조물 바닥 시공방법에 관한 것을 그 기술적 요지로 한다. The present invention extends in the longitudinal direction and has at least one inlet formed with at least one inlet, left and right plate integrally formed with the top plate so as to extend downward from both side ends of the top plate, so as to support the top plate and the left and right plate A plurality of ribs formed, a drain pipe installed at the water inlet and having an upper end extending to an upper end of the plain concrete to form a passage through which sewage flows, and a wing formed to extend outward from a lower end of at least one of the left and right plates; The technical gist of the buried trench consisting of the parts and the method of constructing the underground structure floor using the same is considered to be the technical point. 매립형, 트렌치, 지하구조물, 방수턱, 배수관 Flush, Trench, Underground Structure, Waterproof Jaw, Drainpipe

Method of forming a copper wiring in a semiconductor device

본 발명은 반도체 소자의 구리 배선 형성 방법에 관한 것으로, 소정의 구조가 형성된 반도체 기판 상부에 제 1 감광막 패턴을 형성한 후 제 1 애싱 공정을 실시하여 상기 제 1 감광막 패턴의 표면에 제 1 실리콘 산화막을 형성하는 단계와, 전체 구조 상부에 제 2 감광막 패턴을 형성한 후 제 2 애싱 공정을 실시하여 상기 제 2 감광막 패턴의 표면에 제 2 실리콘 산화막을 형성하는 단계와, 전체 구조 상부에 구리층을 형성한 후 연마하는 단계와, 상기 제 1 및 제 2 감광막 패턴, 그리고 상기 제 1 및 제 2 실리콘 산화막을 제거한 후 전체 구조 상부에 층간 절연막을 형성하는 단계를 포함하여 이루어져, 저유전 층간 절연막의 유전율 변화를 유전율의 변화를 원천적으로 방지할 수 있어 공정의 재현성을 유지할 수 있으며, 소자의 신뢰성 및 수율을 향상시킬 수 있는 반도체 소자의 구리 배선 형성 방법이 제시된다. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for forming a copper wiring of a semiconductor device, wherein a first photoresist pattern is formed on a semiconductor substrate on which a predetermined structure is formed, and then a first ashing process is performed on the surface of the first photoresist pattern. Forming a second photoresist pattern on the entire structure, and then performing a second ashing process to form a second silicon oxide film on the surface of the second photoresist pattern; Forming and polishing; and removing the first and second photoresist patterns, the first and second silicon oxide layers, and then forming an interlayer insulating layer over the entire structure, wherein the dielectric constant of the low dielectric interlayer insulating layer is formed. Changes can be prevented from changing the dielectric constant at the source to maintain process reproducibility and improve device reliability and yield. The copper wiring formation method of a semiconductor element is proposed.

Phc pile for soil retaining wall

본 발명의 실시예에 따른 흙막이 벽체용 PHC 파일은, 흙막이 벽체의 시공에 사용되는 것으로서, 복수개의 PC 강선이 내장된 PHC 파일 본체, 상기 PHC 파일의 제조시 상기 PHC 파일 본체를 구성하는 콘크리트에 매립된 상태로 설치되고 상기 PHC 파일 본체의 일측부에 전면부가 노출되게 배치된 인서트 패널 부재, 및 상기 인서트 패널 부재에 상기 PHC 파일 본체의 내부를 향해 돌출된 구조로 형성되고 상기 PHC 파일의 제조시 상기 PHC 파일 본체를 구성하는 콘크리트에 상기 인서트 패널 부재와 함께 매립된 상태로 설치되며 상기 인서트 패널 부재와 상기 PHC 파일 본체의 결합력을 보강하는 인서트 보강 부재를 포함한다. The PHC pile for retaining wall according to the embodiment of the present invention is used for the construction of the retaining wall, and the PHC pile body having a plurality of PC steel wires is embedded in the concrete constituting the PHC pile body when the PHC pile is manufactured. An insert panel member installed in a state of being installed and disposed to expose a front part to one side of the PHC pile body, and a structure protruding toward the inside of the PHC pile body on the insert panel member, and when manufacturing the PHC pile and an insert reinforcing member installed in a state of being buried together with the insert panel member in the concrete constituting the PHC pile body and reinforcing the bonding force between the insert panel member and the PHC pile body.

Geo cell for improving workability and increasing strength using functional connector, and method for constructing this same

The present invention relates to a prefabricated geo cell with increased constructability and construction stability using a dedicated functional connector, and a construction method thereof. According to the present invention, the prefabricated geo cell with increased constructability and construction stability using a dedicated functional connector comprises: a front tip part geocell (10) installed by arranging unit geocells on a leading edge flat land; a slope part geocell (20) installed by horizontally and vertically arranging unit geocells on a slope continued to the leading edge flat land; a leading edge slope connector (30) to connect the unit geocells; and an anchor settling a bottom part under the ground to maintain the unit cell in an unfolded state.

Retaining wall having vertical continuous holes and constructing method thereof

An embedded block retaining wall having continuous hollows in the vertical direction is provided to increase workability by reducing the weight of a block by using hollow blocks, to create the same aesthetic sense as a reinforced earth retaining wall by piling up hollow blocks to cross each other and to have an environment-friendly effect by securing a vegetation space and cultivating plants easily. The embedded block retaining wall(1) having continuous hollows in the vertical direction is formed by piling up hollow blocks(10) having one or more hollows and inverse correspondence blocks(20) corresponding inversely to the hollow blocks to cross each other in turn between beams(40). The hollow block is provided with a front panel, a rear panel and a partition panel connecting the front panel and the rear panel, and the inverse correspondence block is provided with a front panel forming the front of the retaining wall, a rear panel formed in the direction of rear soil(200) and a partition panel connecting the front panel and the rear panel, and formed to have the cross section formed by switching the position of a left partition panel and a right partition panel and connecting with each other laterally.

Corner Block for Retaining Wall

본 발명은 옹벽의 양쪽면이 서로 만나는 모서리부분을 자연스럽게 연결하여 유려한 미감을 얻는 것이 가능하고 각진 부분에 경사면으로 장식면을 형성하여 입체감을 주는 것이 가능한 모서리용 옹벽 블럭을 제공한다 본 발명의 모서리용 옹벽 블럭은 중앙부에는 상하로 관통하는 구멍이 형성되는 평면에서 보아서 직선과 마름모로 이루어지는 대략 오메가(Ω)형상을 이루는 통형상으로 본체를 형성하고, 본체의 마름모형상 앞쪽부분은 평면에서 보아서 양쪽 전면이 대략 수직을 이루며 만나도록 형성하여 이루어진다. The present invention provides a retaining wall block for a corner which can naturally connect corners where both sides of the retaining wall meet to each other to obtain a pleasing feel and can provide a three-dimensional feeling by forming a decorative surface with an inclined surface at an angled portion The retaining wall block for an edge of the present invention is characterized in that the main body is formed in a cylindrical shape having a substantially Omega (Ω) shape consisting of a straight line and rhombus in a plan view in which a hole penetrating vertically is formed in the central portion, So that both front surfaces are substantially perpendicular to each other.

Authentication method using biometric information

생체정보는 다수의 그룹으로 분할되어 분산 저장된다. 이들은 하나의 인증장치에 전송되어 원래의 생체정보로 복원되어 인증된다. 또는 다수의 인증장치에서 분할된 정보 그 자체로 각각 부분적으로 인증하고, 각각의 부분 인증결과에 따라 최종 인증을 할 수도 있다. 분산되어 있는 저장매체는 통신망에 의해 연결될 수 있다. 생체정보로는 지문, 홍채, 성문(聲紋) 등이 사용될 수 있다. The biometric information is divided into a plurality of groups and distributed and stored. They are transmitted to one authentication device and restored to original biometric information. Alternatively, the partial information may be partially authenticated by the plurality of authentication apparatuses, and final authentication may be performed according to each partial authentication result. Distributed storage media may be connected by a communication network. As biometric information, a fingerprint, an iris, a gate, and the like may be used.

Liquid crystal display apparatus

본 발명은 이미지가 표시되는 액정표시패널을 갖는 액정표시장치에 있어서, 상기 액정표시패널을 조명하는 복수 색상의 광을 발광하기 위한 다수의 발광 소자가 소정의 패턴으로 배열된 백라이트 어레이부와; 상기 각 발광 소자의 발광 여부 및 광의 세기를 제어하는 백라이트 구동부와; 상기 액정표시패널에 표시되는 이미지의 화이트 밸런스가 조절되도록 상기 백라이트 구동부를 제어하는 제어부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다. 이에 의해, 이미지의 표현 가능한 밝기 레벨, 즉 휘도의 손실 및 대비비의 저하 문제를 발생하지 않고 화이트 밸런스를 조절할 수 있다. A liquid crystal display device having a liquid crystal display panel on which an image is displayed, comprising: a backlight array unit in which a plurality of light emitting elements for emitting light of a plurality of colors illuminating the liquid crystal display panel are arranged in a predetermined pattern; A backlight driver which controls whether each of the light emitting devices emits light and intensity of light; And a controller for controlling the backlight driver to adjust the white balance of the image displayed on the LCD panel. As a result, the white balance can be adjusted without causing the problem of expressing the brightness level of the image, that is, the loss of the luminance and the deterioration of the contrast ratio.

Grouting apparatus and Method of construction work using Earth anchor

본 발명은 어스앵커의 시공방법 및 장치에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 연약지반의 지중에 1차 천공 후 그라우팅재를 고압 주입하여 원주형의 기둥을 형성시킨 정착부에 2차 천공을 하지 않고, 고압주입으로 형성된 원주형 기둥에 주입 및 압입겸용 강관을 사용하여 앵커체와 고압주입으로 형성된 개량체와의 마찰을 줄일 수 있도록 윤활제를 분사하면서 앵커체를 강제 삽입시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 어스앵커의 시공방법 및 장치에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for earth anchor construction, and more particularly, without secondary drilling in a fixing unit in which a cylindrical column is formed by high pressure injection of a grouting material after primary drilling in a soft ground. Construction of earth anchors by forcibly inserting anchor body while spraying lubricant to reduce friction between anchor body and improved body formed by high pressure injection by using injection and press-fitted steel pipe on columnar column formed by high pressure injection A method and apparatus are disclosed. 상기와 같은 본 발명에 따른 시공방법은 연약지반의 내부에 형성시킨 정착부에 2차 천공을 하지 않고 앵커체를 삽입시키는 공법에 의해 시공함으로서, 2차 천공을 하지 않기 때문에 공정이 간단하여 공기를 단축시킬 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 정착부가 고화되기 전에 정착부에 직접 앵커체를 삽입시킴으로서 정착부와 앵커체를 일체화시킬 수 있기 때문에 부착강도를 강화시킬 수 있으며 윤활제로서의 시멘트밀크는, 고압주입으로 이루어진 정착되는 개량체를 2차 개량시키는 역할을 하며 보다 양질의 개량체를 만들 수 있는 장점이 있다. The construction method according to the present invention as described above is a construction by the method of inserting the anchor body without the secondary punching in the fixing portion formed in the soft ground, because the secondary drilling is not performed, the process is simple and air In addition to shortening, the anchoring body can be integrated directly into the fixing unit before the fixing unit is solidified so that the fixing unit and the anchoring body can be integrated, thereby increasing the adhesive strength. The cement milk as a lubricant is fixed by high-pressure injection. Secondary to improve the role of the improved body has the advantage of making a better quality improvement. 어스앵커, 앵커체, 강관, 윤활제, 그라우팅재, 케이싱, 정착부, 원주형, PC연선, 걸림턱, 고무 패킹재      Earth anchor, anchor body, steel pipe, lubricant, grouting material, casing, fixing part, ...

Tension nail of construction

본 발명은 지반 보강용 텐션 네일에 관한 것으로, 이 텐션 네일은 지반의 천공 구멍에 삽입되어 주입된 그라우트재에 의해 고정되면서 그 외주면에 수나사가 성형된 락볼트용 철근과, 이 락볼트용 철근의 일측 선단을 고정할 수 있도록 그 중앙에 체결홀이 형성됨과 아울러 체결홀 일측에 그라우팅 호스가 삽입되는 그라우트홀이 형성된 지압판과, 이 지압판의 후방에 설치되어 상기 락볼트용 철근의 선단부에 체결되는 너트와, 상기 락볼트용 철근에 나사결합될 수 있도록 내측의 중앙홀에 암나사가 성형되어 양방향 응력을 지지할 수 있도록 된 방추형 콘 및, 상기 락볼트용 철근의 외측에 일정간격을 두고 다수 설치된 센터라이져를 포함하여 구성된 것으로, 지반을 보강하기 위한 상기 텐션 네일에 의해 락볼트용 철근이 순수하게 받을 수 있는 수직응력과 락볼트용 철근이 긴장된 텐션 응력을 합한 양 만큼 토사의 수직응력을 지탱함으로써 시공부위의 그 구조적인 강성을 증대시키고, 지반의 천공 구멍에 삽입된 텐션 네일을 통해 절/성토 사면보강, 흙막이 공사의 가설토류벽, 지하 기초 구조물의 부력방지 등의 안정성을 확보할 수 있는 것이다. The present invention relates to a tension nail for reinforcing the ground, the tension nail is fixed by the grout material inserted into the boring hole of the ground while the outer bolt is a rock bolt reinforcing rod and the outer bolt surface of the rock bolt reinforcement, A clamping plate is formed at the center thereof to fix one end, and a pressure plate having a grout hole into which a grouting hose is inserted at one side of the fastening hole, and a nut which is installed at the rear of the pressure plate and fastened to the tip of the reinforcing bar for the lock bolt. And a cone-shaped cone with a female thread formed in the inner central hole so as to be screwed to the rock bolt reinforcing rod to support bidirectional stress, and a plurality of centerizers installed at a predetermined interval on the outer side of the rock bolt rebar. It is configured to include, by the tension nail for reinforcing the ground can be received vertically the rock bolt reinforcement vertically Force and rock bolt reinforce the vertical stress of the soil by the amount of tension tension stress added together to increase the structural rigidity of the construction site, and strengthen the cut / fill slope through the tension nail inserted into the boring hole of the ground. It is possible to secure stability such as temporary earth wall of construction and buoyancy prevention of underground foundation structure.

Geogrid and manufacture method thereof

지오그리드 및 이의 제조방법에 대한 발명이 개시된다. 개시된 지오그리드는 는: 나란하게 복수개 배치되는 종스트립과, 종스트립에 교차되며, 나란하게 복수개 배치되는 횡바 및 횡바에 구비되어 종스트립을 감싸 고정하는 고정부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다. Disclosure of the Invention The present invention relates to a geogrid and a manufacturing method thereof. The disclosed geogrid includes: a plurality of longitudinal strips arranged in parallel and a plurality of transverse bars and a plurality of transversal bars crossing the longitudinal strips, the longitudinal strips being arranged in a plurality of rows, and fixing the longitudinal strips by covering the longitudinal strips.

Elastic pressing device, multi-reinforced nail structure and soil nailing method using the same

The present invention relates to an elastic pressing device, a multi-reinforced nail structure using the same, and a soil nailing method for the same. The elastic pressing device exclusively uses a force of restitution in a compressed spring as a force of compressing the ground surface. According to the present invention, the elastic pressing device comprises: a strand; a compression grip connected to a front end of the strand; the spring inserted into the strand and supported by the upper surface of the compression grip; a cylindrical casing having an accommodation space including the spring and the compression grip by the connection of upper and lower members, wherein the strand penetrates the center of the upper surface of the upper member and a through hole preventing the upward separation of the spring is formed at the center of the upper surface of the upper member; and a compression plate connected to an upper end of the casing and having a through path continuous with the through hole at the center, wherein multiple wedge holes expanded upwards are formed at constant intervals in a periphery of the compression plate. The spring is compressed toward the compression plate by a force of pulling the strand rearwards while the compression plate and the casing are fixed.

흙막이 및 차수용 연속 벽체 시공방법

본 발명은 기초 터파기 공사 등과 같은 토목공사시 가이드를 이용한 연속 케이싱 공법으로 연속 벽체를 시공하는 방법에 관한 것이다. 본 발명은 연속 벽체의 구축을 위하여 케이싱, 오거 및 햄머를 이용하여 천공할 때, 케이싱 가이드를 이용하여 케이싱의 진행을 안내하면서 천공하는 새로운 형태의 시공방법을 구현함으로써, 케이싱의 정밀한 수직도를 확보할 수 있으며, 이에 따라 천공되는 파일공의 수직오차를 최대한 줄일 수 있고, 결국 서로 인접한 콘크리트 파일 간의 틈새를 막는 공사를 배제할 수 있는 등 정확한 시공이 가능하고 시공성을 향상시킬 수 있는 한편, 지반 천공 후에 현장에서 콘크리를 타설하는 방식이 아니라, 사전에 제작된 콘크리트 파일을 파일공에 그대로 근입하는 새로운 형태의 시공방법을 구현함으로써, 기존의 현장타설보다 공기의 절감을 향상시킬 수 있는 흙막이 및 차수용 연속 벽체 시공방법을 제공한다. 흙막이, 차수용, 연속 벽체, 파일공, 케이싱, 수직도, 콘크리트 파일, 케이싱 가이드, 파일 가이드