Способ плазменной утилизации твёрдых бытовых отходов и передвижная установка для его осуществления

Изобретение относится к способу и передвижной установке для переработки отходов перерабатывающих, коммунальных, промышленных и других производств, содержащих органику. Техническим результатом является сокращение времени, затрачиваемого на утилизацию отходов, и повышение надежности работы установки с возможностью работы в непрерывном режиме. Способ включает подачу исходного сырья в шредер и его измельчение, транспортировку подготовленного сырья ленточным конвейером в плазменный реактор, расплавление сырья в камере реактора путем низкотемпературной электродуговой плазмы, отведение и дожигание газов с помощью электродугового плазмотрона, аккумулирование минеральной части отходов в плазменном реакторе, удаление минерального остатка по мере необходимости. Причем в качестве утилизируемого сырья используют твердые бытовые отходы, утилизацию отходов осуществляют с использованием переменного и постоянного токов в установке - плазменном реакторе с камерой дожигания и электродуговым плазмотроном, ...

ВЫСОКОТЕМПЕРАТУРНАЯ ИНВЕРТОРНАЯ ДВУХХОДОВАЯ ГОРЕЛКА

Полезная модель относится к устройствам, предназначенным для высокоэффективного низкоэмиссионного сжигания органосодержащих разнофракционных топлив повышенной влажности, в том числе таких как шлифовальная пыль фанерно-мебельных и МДФ производств, опилки, стружка, щепа, торф, помет, иловые осадки, а также отходы повышенного класса опасности.Технический результат предлагаемой полезной модели заключается в значительном улучшении характеристик высокотемпературной инверторной двухходовой горелки.Технический результат достигается тем, что в высокотемпературной инверторной двухходовой горелке, включающей металлический корпус, состоящий из четырех секций, три секции представляют собой футерованные обечайки, соединеняемые на фланцах, а четвертая секция представляет собой футерованную крышку выгнутой формы, причем первая секция включает огневое цилиндрическое тело с боровом и футеровкой, между футеровками огневого тела и корпуса расположена камера сгорания конической формы, вверху которой размещен ...

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ СЖИГАНИЯ СМЕСИ ТВЕРДОГО НИЗКОСОРТНОГО ТОПЛИВА С ГРАНУЛАМИ ГИДРАТА МЕТАНА

Изобретение относится к области уничтожения отходов или низкосортных топлив сжиганием, а именно к устройствам, предназначенным для совместного сжигания смеси низкосортного топлива с гидратом метана. Технический результат – создание устройства для сжигания смеси твердого низкосортного топлива с гранулами гидрата метана. Устройство для сжигания смеси твердого низкосортного топлива с гранулами гидрата метана содержит камеру сжигания, соединенную с источником воздуха. Камера сжигания выполнена в виде параллелепипеда, внутри которого одна боковая стенка оснащена нагревательным элементом, который соединен с блоком регулирования температуры, подключенным к источнику питания. Сверху в камере сжигания выполнено входное отверстие для подачи смеси твердого низкосортного топлива с гранулами гидрата метана. Внутрь камеры сжигания вмонтирован датчик температуры, который подключен к блоку регулирования температуры. При этом к источнику питания подключен блок искрового розжига, к которому подсоединены ...

УСТАНОВКА ДЛЯ ПЕРЕРАБОТКИ ТВЁРДЫХ БЫТОВЫХ ОТХОДОВ

Изобретение относится к способам и устройствам для переработки твердых бытовых отходов. Установка для переработки твердых бытовых отходов содержит вертикально ориентированный расположенный в грунте стальной корпус, выполненный с возможностью размещения заряда в его центре, загрузочное окно в его верхней части. Корпус установки в центральной части выполнен цилиндрическим, трапецеидально сужающимся к его торцам, с возможностью вывода через нижний открытый торец корпуса в приямок под корпусом расплава металлов, образующихся при переработке твердых бытовых отходов. В боковой стенке приямка выполнено окно выпуска расплава, снабженное затвором. Внутри в боковых стенках корпуса смонтированы форсунки для сжигания кокса, между которыми смонтированы элементы активной защиты от взрывной волны, возникающей при взрыве заряда. В верхнем торце корпуса установки кроме загрузочного окна выполнено приборно-зарядное окно и окно для вывода газов, а в нижнем торце корпуса у приямка для расплава металла выполнено ...

Verfahren zur thermischen Entsorgung von chlorhaltigen Schadstoffen

FEUERUNG ZUR VERBRENNUNG PUMPFAEHIGER INDUSTRIE-ABFAELLE UND VERFAHREN ZU IHREM BETRIEB

VERFAHREN ZUM BESEITIGEN VON FESTEM ABFALL

MITVERBRENNUNG VON KLÄRSCHLAMM IN STÄDTISCHEN VERBRENNUNGSANLAGEN UND ANDEREN ÖFEN

Verfahren zur Beseitigung von organischen Chlorverbindungen durch Verbrennung.

Liquid/gaseous waste product e.g. biomass gasification plants, disposal method, involves supplying toxic waste products to plasma boiler to split them into harmless fission products, and fission products are removed by rotary piston turbine

The method involves supplying toxic waste products over a supply unit to a double-walled plasma boiler (4) where the products are split up into harmless fission products. The boiler is flanged on a turbine on its lower surface. The walls of the boiler are washed using cool water. The fission products are continuously removed by a special rotary piston turbine and the removed products are plasma process-controlled. An independent claim is also included for a device for safe disposal of liquid or gaseous toxic waste products.

EINRICHTUNG ZUM BESEITIGEN VON ABFALLFASERN

Process for the recycling of waste batteries and waste printed circuit boards in molten salts or molten metals

Waste incineration method and device therefor

A waste incineration method and a device therefor that incinerate waste, such as urban refuse, by using a grate incineration furnace, fluidized bed incineration furnace or the like while suppressing the concentration of dioxins, characterized, in that it is found that the S component or nitrides contained in sludge is effective in suppressing formation of dioxins, and waste, sludge, solid fuel, plastics and the like are mix-burned in a waste incineration system; in addition, the temperature of combustion exhaust gases and the SOx concentration after mix-burning are controlled, thereby reducing generation of dioxins.

Waste incineration method and device therefor

LINT DISPOSAL APPARATUS

... 1386526 Incinerators CHALLENGE-COOK BROS Inc 12 April 1973 [25 May 1972] 17675/73 Heading F4B Combustible particles are collected from a gas stream on a screen, and heated to above their combustion temperature. Air flowing through a casing 2 deposits lint or dust on a screen 14 rotated by a motor 6. A burner 19 or electric heating element is arranged adjacent the screen 14 so that the lint is burnt as it passes through the flame or heated zone. A seal 12 engages a channel 11 at the top edge of the screen, Fig. 4, and the lower end of the screen is closed by a member 17, a conical deflector 18 directing the gas flow. Other forms of rotating screen are described, the burner being arranged so that collected dust or lint passes through a line of flame. Some embodiments have arrangements for collecting ash. The flow of air or gas through the screen and the linear form of the burner ensures that the screen does not become overheated.

Improvements relating to Apparatus for Burning Waste Material.

Recycling carbon-containing material

A system for recycling carbon-containing material comprises a heating arrangement for anaerobically heating the material to produce carbon-containing gases, a condensing arrangement for condensing some of the gases to provide condensed and non-condensed gases, and a recirculating arrangement, such as a fan, for recirculating the non-condensed gases back into the heating arrangement. A filter may be provided to filter the non-condensed gases prior to recirculation. The system may also include a diverter for diverting a proportion of the non-condensed gases to a storage facility. The stored gases may be subsequently burned in the heating arrangement. The condensing arrangement preferably cools the carbon-containing gases to 15-25{C in order to produce the condensed and non-condensed gases. The carbon-containing materials are typically scrap tyres and plastics materials used in vehicle fabrication. A method of recycling carbon-containing materials is also disclosed.

Improvements in furnaces, particularly incinerators

... 560,443. Refuse consuming &c. furnaces. LEMAN, H. L., and DODMAN, H. A. Jan. 7, 1943, No. 333. (Class 51 (i)] A furnace for consuming refuse, heating boilers, kilns and the like is built into a ground pit with its top substantially at ground level and comprises a combustion chamber 3, Fig. 1, having an inclined stepped grate 5 supplied with air for combustion from a chamber 2 enclosed at the top by a plate 17 and air admission grating 18. Fuel is fed on to the grate through an opening provided with a door 14. Combustion products pass from the combustion chamber over a bridge wall 6 to a dust chamber 7 and baffled flue 19 provided with a water trough for extinguishing sparks. The bars 9 of the grate, Fig. 3, are provided with front and rear flanges 11, 12 and spacing webs 10.

PLASMA-CHEMICAL REACTOR AND A METHOD OF DESTROYING TOXIC WASTE PRODUCTS

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR INCINERATING LIQUID GASEOUS AND PASTE- LIKE WASTE PRODUCTS

... 1468426 Incinerators; burners; furnace walls P W BARKHUUS 18 June 1974 26880/74 Headings F4B and F4T In an incinerator for liquid, gaseous or pasty waste, the waste is fed to a space wherein a high frequency vibration is set up, so that the waste is disintegrated and fed in rapid pulses to the combustion chamber. A burner 1 is mounted to deliver into a rotary drum 3, Fig. 1, which opens into a secondary combustion chamber 4 having an array of air supply pipes 49 directed towards the outlet of the rotary furnace and supplied with air in pulses. Solid combustion residues are removed from an outlet 46 and the gases exit at 47 to be cleared. A burner, which may be similar to the burner 1, may be arranged to heat the gases entering the secondary combustion chamber. The burner 1, Fig. 2, comprises a body forming an annular air supply channel, and a feed block 11 housed in the free end of the inner sleeve 8. A cavity 12 which may be hemispherical, cylindrical or parabolic is formed in the block ...

DETOXIFYING CYANIDE-CONTAINING SALTS

Thermal-catalytic detoxification of cyanide-contain carburising salts is achieved by means of a rotary unit which receives a batch of carburising salts to be detoxified and metal filings, and is fitted with an inner lining resistant to heat, temperature changes, abrasion and acid. The interior of this unit can have hot air admitted to it during operation and is provided with an exhaust port. Oxidation is effected without risk at from 800 to 1,000 DEG C and proceeds virtually quantitatively. As an additional measure to protect the environment, the slag drawn from the unit can be fed to an iron sulphate detoxification bath.

Piping

Piping.

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF AN HEAVY METAL-ENRICHED, CARBON ARMS OF CONCENTRATE FROM CARBON REALMS, HEAVYMETALLIFEROUS ARREARS IN PARTICULAR THE ERDÖLVERARBEITUNG

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN CHLORIDE BY THERMAL SPLITTING OF ORGANIC CHLORINE-CONTAINING MATERIALS

MITVERBRENNUNG OF SEWAGE SLUDGE IN URBAN COMBUSTION PLANTS AND OTHER FURNACES

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE BURN OF INFLAMMABLE ONE, FIRM ARREARS OF A CHEMICAL PLANT.

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN CHLORIDE BY THERMAL SPLITTING OF ORGANIC CHLORINE-CONTAINING MATERIALS

Combustion chamber for burning fine-grained substances damp contained in liquid media or or arrears or damp fuels

Waste processing system

A disposal system for the processing of solid waste devices to recycle materials located within the devices and recover, reuse and recycle such materials. Such system may include a primary chamber and secondary chamber, attached preferably by use of one or more exhaust ducts, and a secondary chamber exhaust duct. The solid waste devices may include any type of waste, such as electronics waste, medical device waste, and the like.

Waste processing system

A disposal system for the processing of solid waste devices to recycle materials located within the devices and recover, reuse and recycle such materials. Such system may include a primary chamber and secondary chamber, attached preferably by use of one or more exhaust ducts, and a secondary chamber exhaust duct. The solid waste devices may include any type of waste, such as electronics waste, medical device waste, and the like.

Intelligently-controlled catalytic converter for biofuel-fired boiler

An intelligently controlled catalytic converter automatically monitors various operating parameters, such as water jacket temperature, catalytic input temperature, catalytic converter output temperature, oxygen level, ambient temperature, ambient humidity and/or ambient barometric air pressure, of a biofuel-fired device and automatically controls dampers, blowers and electric heaters in the device.

Method for incinerating carbon-containing dry metallic ash

METHOD FOR INCINERATING CARBON-CONTAINING DRY METALLIC The invention relates to a method for incinerating carbon-containing dry metallic ash and a pertinent device. The method comprises the following steps: a) adding the metallic ash into a trough; b) aerating with ambient air from above, and concurrently, at least for part of the time, c) injecting air and/or oxygen through the trough hearth; d) establishing the ignition temperature; e) stirring of the metallic ash by means of a suitable tool; f) whereby the carbon content is reduced to less than 3%; and whereby steps b), c), and d) can proceed concurrently or in alternating order or pairs or all of these steps can proceed concurrently; step d) can just as well proceed selectively in partial quantities of the metallic ash; and whereby the reverse transport of ash through the trough hearth is prevented, whereas the supply of air and/or oxygen is maintained. aa b2. U * U U ...

Reactors for conducting thermochemical processes with solar heat input, and associated systems and methods

Reactors for conducting thermochemical processes with solar heat input, and associated systems and methods. A system in accordance with a particular embodiment include a reactor having a reaction zone, a reactant source coupled in fluid in communication with the reactant zone, and a solar concentrator having at least one concentrator surface positionable to direct solar energy to a focal area. The system can further include an actuator coupled to the solar concentrator to move the solar concentrator relative to the sun, and a controller operatively coupled to the actuator. The controller can be programmed with instructions that, when executed, direct the actuator to position the solar concentrator to focus the solar energy on the reaction zone when the solar energy is above a threshold level, and direct the actuator to position the solar concentrator to point to a location in the sky having relatively little radiant energy to cool an object positioned at the focal area when the solar energy ...

COMBUSTION UNIT FOR PRETREATED INDUSTRIAL WASTES

INTEGRATED UTILITY SYSTEM

An integrated utility system (10) comprising; i) a power supply (12); and ii) a wastewater treatment system (20), wherein waste energy from the power supply (12) is utilised in the wastewater treatment system (20).

PYROLYSIS REACTOR MATERIALS AND METHODS

In one aspect, the invention includes a reactor apparatus for pyrolyzing a hydrocarbon feedstock, the apparatus including: a reactor component comprising a refractory material in oxide form, the refractory material having a melting point of at least 20600C and which remains in oxide form when exposed to a gas having an oxygen partial pressure of 10"15 bar, a carbon partial pressure above the carbon partial pressure of the zirconium carbide and zirconium oxide phase transition at the same temperature, and at temperatures below the temperature of the zirconium triple point at the oxygen partial pressure of 10"15 bar; and ii) when exposed to a gas having an oxygen partial pressure of 10"15 bar and at temperatures above the zirconium triple point at the oxygen partial pressure of 10"15 bar. In some embodiments, the reactor comprises a regenerative pyrolysis reactor apparatus and in other embodiments it includes a reverse flow regenerative reactor apparatus. In other aspects, this invention ...

PROCESS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF TOXIC ORGANIC PRODUCTS

WASTE TREATMENT

The present invention relates to a process for the treatment of hazardous waste, the process comprising: (i) providing a hazardous waste; (ii) providing a further waste; (iii) plasma treating the hazardous waste in a first plasma treatment unit, (iv) gasifying the further waste in a gasification unit to produce an offgas and a char material; and (v) plasma treating the offgas, and optionally the char material, in a second plasma treatment unit to produce a syngas, (vi) optionally treating the syngas in a gas cleaning plant, wherein the first plasma treatment unit is arranged to plasma treat at least some of the solid by-products from the gasification unit and/or the second plasma treatment unit and/or the gas cleaning plant.

DENITRIFICATION PROCESS FOR SMOKE PRODUCED BY A COMBUSTION FURNACE AND INSTALLATION FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SAID PROCESS

Procédé de dénitrification en phase hétérogène des fumées produites par un four de combustion (1), en particulier un four d'incinération de déchets ou de boues de station d'épuration d'eaux urbaines ou industrielles, selon lequel le combustible est introduit dans un lit fluidisé (B) ou sur une grille, et de l'air de combustion (2) est injecté dans le four ; un agent réducteur (6) est injecté dans le combustible et/ou dans l'air de combustion, en amont de la chambre de combustion (H), et est mélangé de manière homogène avec le combustible et/ou l'air de combustion, pour exercer un traitement de réduction favorisé par le lit (3) de cendres ou de matières solides présent dans le four.

IMPROVEMENTS IN WASTE PROCESSING

The present invention provides a method and apparatus of processing material having an organic content. The method comprises heating a batch of the material ("E") in a batch processing apparatus (16) having a reduced oxygen atmosphere to gasify at least some of the organic content to produce syngas, The temperature of the syngas is then elevated and maintained at the elevated temperature in a thermal treatment: apparatus (18) for a residence time sufficient to thermally break down any long chain hydrocarbons or volatile organic compounds therein. The calorific value of the syngas produced is monitored by sensors (26) and, when the calorific value of the syngas is below a predefined threshold, the syngas having a low calorific value is diverted to a burner of a boiler (22) to produce steam to drive a steam turbine (36) to produce electricity ("H"). When the calorific value: of the syngas exceeds the predefined threshold syngas having a high calorific value is diverted to a gas engine (40 ...

Verfahren zur Verarbeitung von Metallabfall und Einrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Beseitigung von Müll aller Art durch Verbrennung

Vorrichtung zur Verbrennung von Brennstoffen

Drehrohrofen zur Verbrennung von Rückständen, insbesondere von chemischen Abfällen

PROCEDURE FOR THE CLEANING ORGANIC OF LOADS OF SALTS AND/OR SALT-DREDGES.

PROCEDURE FOR THERMAL DECOMPOSING OF POLYCHLORIERTEN ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN A FLAME.

Apparatus for thermal-catalytical detoxification of cyanide-containing carburising salts

Procedure, useful for combusting combustible material in the form of e.g. cadaver, comprises coating combustible material with a mixture of pyrotechnic magnesium and aluminum powder, before combustible mixture is ignited by thermal impulse

Procedure for combusting combustible material in the form of cadaver, chemically polluted medicine and biological wastes and pharmaceuticals, comprises coating the combustible material with a combustible mixture containing pyrotechnic magnesium and aluminum powder, before the combustible mixture is ignited by an external thermal impulse, where the combustible mixture consisting of 91-97 wt.% of finely atomized magnesium particle and aluminum particle, 1-5 wt.% of potassium nitrate or sodium nitrate and 1-5 wt.% of mineral oil is used for coating the combustible material. Procedure for combusting combustible material in the form of cadaver, chemically polluted medicine and biological wastes and pharmaceuticals, where the procedure is carried out in a combustion chamber or in outdoors, comprises coating the combustible material with a combustible mixture containing pyrotechnic magnesium and aluminum powder, before the combustible mixture is ignited by an external thermal impulse. The combustible ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCTION OR EXTRACTION OF MATERIALS BY INCOMPLETE COMBUSTION OF

GASIFYING SYSTEM

METHOD OF BURNING FUEL, CONTAINING VANADIUM COMPOUNDS

ТРУБОПРОВОД

Настоящее изобретение относится к трубопроводу (1) промышленного назначения, который имеет особую геометрию. В частности, трубопровод (1) выполнен в форме спирали с малой амплитудой, которая вызывает завихрение текучей среды, проходящей через трубопровод (1). Такой закрученный поток предоставляет многочисленные преимущества. Частным возможным использованием трубопровода (1) может быть использование в колоннах и трубопроводах для нефтедобычи, в насосно-компрессорной колонне для скважинного использования, трубопроводах для транспортировки жидких сред, статических смесителях, коленчатых патрубках, разветвлениях или подобных элементах, гидротехнических затворах и отводящих трубах, реакторах для химического, нефтехимического и фармацевтического применения, теплообменниках, теплоизолированных кожухах, мусоросжигательных устройствах и печах для уничтожения отходов, статических сепараторах и воздухозаборных устройствах.

Печь для производства олефина

Печь для производства олефина, которая содержит печной змеевик и отличается тем, что печной змеевик выполнен в виде трубы с геометрической осью (40), проходящей, в сущности, по спиральной траектории, причем амплитуда (А) змеевика равняется половине внутреннего диаметра (DI) трубы или не превышает ее, обеспечивая линию прямой видимости вдоль просвета трубы. Печь для производства олефина может применяться для производства олефина пиролизом.

РЕАКТОР, СОДЕРЖАЩИЙ МУСОРОСЖИГАТЕЛЬНУЮ УСТАНОВКУ ИЛИ ПЕЧЬ ДЛЯ УНИЧТОЖЕНИЯ ОТХОДОВ, И ЕГО ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ

Настоящее изобретение относится к реактору, содержащему мусоросжигательную установку или печь для уничтожения отходов, а также содержащему трубу, при этом указанная труба имеет центральную ось (40), которая проходит, по существу, по спиральной траектории, и амплитуда (А) спирали равна половине внутреннего диаметра (D1) трубы либо меньше нее с обеспечением создания линии прямой видимости вдоль просвета трубы. Изобретение также относится к применению этого реактора для окислительных реакций.

TILTING FURNACE

Hazardous waste clean treatment system with intelligent storage and distribution system

Organosilicon waste combustion treatment device

DRYING PLANT FOR METAL TURNINGS

LINT DISPOSAL APPARATUS

PROCESS OF BURNING OF CORROSIVE RESIDUES AND DEVICE FOR the APPLICATION OF THE AFORESAID PROCEEDED

PROCEDE PERFECTIONNE POUR PURIFIER LES SELS CONTENANT DES IMPURETES ORGANIQUES

Procédé perfectionné pour purifier des sels ou boues salines contenant des impuretés organiques. On fond les sels à une température d'environ 600 à 1 000 degrés C et on traite la masse fondue par un gaz contenant de l'oxygène. L'opération peut être effectuée dans un four à plusieurs chambres alimente en gaz contenant de l'oxygène et équipé de dispositifs de chauffage et des conduits nécessaires. Le procédé selon l'invention dégage moins de gaz résiduaires et de poussières que les procédés thermiques de la technique antérieure.

Device, for burning underwater petroleum or combustible products escaping from underwater reservoir, contains combustion, decanting and flotation chambers, collector and evacuation chimney

Dispositif pour la récupération et l'incinération sous la mer de produits pétroliers provenant d'un réservoir sous marin. L'invention concerne un dispositif permettant de collecter puis de brûler dans une chambre de combustion immergée des produits pétroliers issus d'un réservoir sous marin. Ce dispositif est constitué d'une enveloppe étanche (1) résistant à la pression extérieure, immergée et positionnée au dessus du réservoir (19), comprenant une chambre de combustion (2), un brûleur (12), un injecteur (13), une cheminée d'évacuation des produits de combustion (3) supportant une plate forme (11) et une canalisation d'apport d'air comburant (10), une canalisation pour transfert de produit de réchauffage dans le réservoir (8), un collecteur des produits sortant du réservoir (7). Le dispositif selon l'invention est particulièrement destiné à la récupération de produits pétroliers issus de l'avarie de navires échoués au fond de la mer.

THERMAL DISSOCIATION OF ORGANIC SUBSTANCES CONTAININGCHLORINE WITH

Combustion furnace for perfect waste burning - has primary and secondary combustion chambers with oil burner and fan

METHOD OF TREATING BY PRODUCT IN THE PROCESS OF PRODUCING PHTHALICANHYDRIDE

Apparatus for the combustion of halogenated hydrocarbons

COMBUSTION PROCESS

A combustion process wherein a fuel, a comburent and a component B), sulphur or sulphur containing compounds, are fed to the combustor in an amount to have a molar ratio B ' /AI ≥0.5, wherein: B' is the sum by moles between the amount of sulphur present in component B) + the amount of sulphur (component BII)) contained in the fuel, AI is the sum by moles between the amount of alkaline and/or alkaline-earth metals (component AII) ) contained in the fuel + the amount of the alkaline and/or alkaline- earth metals (component A) ) in the form of salts and/or oxides contained in component B), being the combustor isothermal and flameless.

PYROLYTIC METHOD FOR PROCESSING ORGANIC AND INORGANIC RESIDUES IN MULTIPLE-HEARTH FURNACE FOR RECOVERING USEFUL BY-PRODUCTS

The present invention relates to a method for reprocessing, recycling, or separating materials or waste in a multiple-hearth furnace via direct pyrolysis, called "flameless" pyrolysis, characterised in that the steam has a pressure of between 1 and 5 bar and is injected in a controlled manner in the pyrolytic gasification area of the multiple-hearth furnace so as to obtain a precise, uniform temperature profile in both the gaseous phase and the solid phase.

ELECTRIC ARC GASIFIER AS A WASTE PROCESSOR

An electric arc gasifier adapts to the variable chemical components of waste products by utilizing mobile and fixed electrodes and a positioning system wherein a waste injection (9) combined with a carrier gas (9a) is injected into a heating chamber (20) and broken down into elemental components capable of being recycled. A primary fluid injection (8) is heated by an electric arc formed between two electrodes within the heating chamber (20). A secondary fluid consisting of the waste injection (9) and the carrier gas (9a) is then injected and mixed with the heated primary fluid injection (8). A reaction zone within the fixed electrode of the heating chamber (20) accelerates a resulting mixture of gases, solids, and liquids into a mixing chamber (12), wherein the resulting high-temperature, high-pressure mixture may be combined with a tertiary injection (10) and high value metals can be recovered from the solids-liquids collection vessel (14).

PRECURSOR DISPOSAL

The present invention provides a system for the disposal of waste of substrate treatment systems which comprises at least one process module connected to at least one reservoir and at least one abatement system, wherein the reservoir collects the waste produced by the process module and wherein the waste collected in the reservoir is transferred to the abatement system and wherein the waste comprises a substance selected from the group consisting of pyrophoric metalorganic chemicals, phosphine, diborane, silane, dimethylzinc and/or diethylzinc. Thus, the production of waste by the substrate treatment system is decoupled from the disposal of the waste by the abatement system. This has the advantage that the abatement system can be designed to be capable of handling an average waste load from the substrate treatment system, whereby no unused overcapacities of the abatement system need to be accepted.

Method for recycling building materials

A method of recycling building materials is described, including the steps of introducing the building material into a cement kiln or a boiler, and combusting a combustible portion of the building material as a fuel within the kiln or boiler. The noncombustible portion of the building material is incorporated into a clinker material within the kiln or used to reduce emissions form the boiler.

Regeneration rotary kiln

A regeneration rotary kiln (1) is characterized by including: a superheated steam generation unit (2) that generates superheated steam; a tube (3) capable of rotating about its axis and having a heating section (A) where, while the superheated steam is being supplied thereto, carbon fiber reinforced plastic (10) containing a matrix resin and carbon fibers is heated to generate combustible gas (10G) from the matrix resin to extract the carbon fibers (10S) from the carbon fiber reinforced plastic (10); a first combustion chamber (43a) that is placed outside the tube (3) and that burns the gas (10G) introduced from the heating section (A) to heat the heating section (A); and a second combustion chamber (43b) that burns the gas (10G) introduced from the first combustion chamber (43a) to supply heat for generating the superheated steam.

BLAST TREATMENT METHOD AND BLAST TREATMENT DEVICE

A blast treatment method and an apparatus, which can perform the blast treatment of a treatment subject by using and securely initiating a blasting explosive having fluidity. The blast treatment method includes: a blasting preparation operation of housing a blasting explosive having fluidity in a container and placing the blasting explosive around a treatment subject as well as attaching an initiation device to the container; a housing operation of housing the container, the blasting explosive, and the treatment subject in a chamber; a decompression operation of decompressing the inside of the chamber; and a blasting operation of initiating the blasting explosive and blasting the treatment subject with the blasting explosive. In the decompression operation, the inside of the chamber is decompressed while a gas vent portion regulates the escape of the blasting explosive to the outside of the container and permits the escape of gases in the container to the outside.

Method of using high temperature plasma to disintegrate waste containing titanyl phthalocyanine

A method of using high temperature plasma to disintegrate waste containing titanyl phthalocyanine (TiOPc) comprises heating a mixture of titanyl phthalocyanine (TiOPc), a vitrifying material and optionally selected waste soil to a temperature of 1,220° C. to 10,000° C. until the mixture becomes a molten lava. The plasma breaks down the titanyl phthalocyanine and encapsulates the benign products in the lava that is chemically very stable. Since the titanyl phthalocyanine (TiOPc) is disintegrated completely in the process, the titanyl phtbalocyanine (TiOPc) no longer represents a threat to the environmental.

TRANSPORTATION OF REFINERY SOLIDS WASTE

An apparatus for mixing tank contents including sedimentary material is disclosed. The apparatus includes an agitator connected to a support including a plurality of detachable sections. The apparatus further includes a frame adjacent an opening in a top of the tank. The apparatus also includes an actuatable connector for interconnecting the frame to the support. The connector is configured to be actuated in order to lift a first portion of the support above the frame while a second portion of the support below the frame is maintained, to thereby cause a gap between the first portion and the second portion enabling at least one of the detachable sections to be inserted into the gap. The apparatus also includes at least one actuator for causing the connector to lift the first portion in order to cause the gap, and for lowering the first portion and the second portion.

ENERGY EFFICIENT, LOW EMISSIONS SHALE OIL RECOVERY PROCESS

A process for the energy efficient, environmentally friendly recovery of liquid and gaseous products from solid or semi-solid hydrocarbon resources, in particular, oil shale or tar sands. The process involves non-oxidative pyrolysis to recover fluid energy values, oxidative combustion to recover energy values as recoverable heat, and environmental sequestration of gases produced. 1. (canceled)2. (canceled)3. A process for recovery of energy values from rubbilized ore containing hydrocarbonacious material said process comprising:(a) operating an oxidative combustion (OC) cycle by heating a bed of the ore containing hydrocarbonaceous material while introducing an oxidizing gas into the bed to provide a combustion zone with conditions to essentially fully oxidize hydrocarbonaceous material in the bed and produce heat and an effluent gas that contains combustion gas from oxidation of the hydrocarbonaceous material,(c) recovering thermal energy from at least a portion of the effluent gas produced by the OC cycle.4. The process of wherein the combustion zone travels up through the bed as the oxidizing and decomposition of minerals proceeds claim 3 ,5. The process of wherein temperature conditions in the combustion zone are sufficient to oxidize residual hydrocarbonaceous material in the bed to form combustion products and at conditions that can decompose at least a portion of metal carbonates in the bed to form carbon dioxide gas and metal oxides claim 4 , the effluent gas containing the formed carbon dioxide gas and the combustion products.6. The process of wherein a recarbonation zone is formed by recycling a recycle portion of the effluent stream from which heat has been recovered as a recycle stream into the bed to form the recarbonation zone such that the bed is cooled to temperature conditions where carbon dioxide in the recycle stream reacts with metal oxides in the bed to form metal carbonates claim 5 , the recarbonation zone travelling up through the bed below ...

Method of disposing of hazardous wastes connected with criminal activity

A method of disposing of hazardous wastes connected with criminal activity comprising transporting a portable incinerator to the site of the criminal activity, sorting through waste materials at the site and selecting waste materials which are combustible and will not emit harmful emissions. The selected waste materials are placed within the incinerator and heated to a temperature of between 1600-1900° F. Non-combustible containers used to practice the illegal activity can be sterilized at the same time. The residue from the incinerator can then be collected and buried in a non-toxic landfill.

METHOD OF BURNING TAR SAND-BITUMEN

PURPOSE: To stably burn tar sand-bitumen by increasing the temperature of tar sand-bitumen by a first heating device up to a temperature at which it can be transported, also increasing the tempertature thereof by a second heating device up to a temperature at which it can be atomized and no combustible gas is produced, and subjecting it to atomizing combustion. CONSTITUTION: The tar sand-bitumen 1 is stored in a fuel tank 2, and heated to a temperature in a range of from about 40°C to about 100°C by a first heater 3. The tar sand-bitumen necessary for combustion is supplied to a heating vessel 7 by means of a pump 6, and heated by a second heater 8 to a temperature within a range at about 70W210°C at which an atomizing combustion is possible. After application of pressure by a pump 9, the tar sand-bitumen is atomized and burnt within a combustion furnace 13 together with a pressure medium 11. COPYRIGHT: (C)1983,JPO&Japio ...

PROCESS FOR THE COMBUSTION OF INDUSTRIAL WASTES

... 1464284 Combustion of industrial waste L & C STEINMULLER GmbH 22 Jan 1974 43880/75 Divided out of 1464281 Heading F4B A process for the combustion of industrial waste in which waste in containers is delivered to a combustion plant and on arrival the containers are opened and the waste discharged. The discharged waste is then mixed with additives or leaning materials and the mixture then introduced into the plant combustion chamber. Air to the combustion chamber is regulated according to the rate of admission of the mixed waste so that it is burnt up completely. The container contents may be exposed by providing the containers with outlets and compressing them to discharge liquid or paste-like waste. The containers with any solid residues may be fed to a size-reducing machine and the size reduced waste mixed with the mixture of liquid or paste-like waste and the additives prior to introduction into the combustion chamber. The contents of the containers may be exposed in an inert atmosphere ...

Method and apparatus for combusting ash producing solids

Methods and apparatus for combusting particulated ash producing solids are provided. The methods include the steps of conveying the solids to an elongated cylindrical combustion chamber, combining air with the solids to form an air-solids mixture and longitudinally injecting the mixture into the combustion chamber wherein the solids are ignited and combusted. One or more streams of relatively cool gas are tangentially injected into the interior of the combustion chamber in directions transverse to the longitudinal axis thereof so that a helical vortex is created within and along the length of the combustion chamber and the flame, ash and hot gaseous products of combustion produced therein are caused to flow through the central portion of the combustion chamber surrounded by a sleeve of cooler gas. The ash and hot gases are cooled in the combustion chamber to solidify tacky or molten ash therein and the resulting solidify ash and gases are withdrawn from the combustion chamber.

Process of steam production from tallow

FURNACE FOR THE DISPOSAL OF HALOGENATED ORGANIC MATERIALS

... 1456096 Furnace for the disposal of halogenated organic materials SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ BV 17 Jan 1974 02153/74 Heading F4B A furnace for the disposal of halogenated organic materials comprises a refractory lined combustion unit 1 and a quench vessel 3. A liquid mixture of halogenated hydrocarbon waste from inlet 4 is atomized in the combustion unit via an atomizer by a saturated steam and air mixture from lines 5 and 6. There may be a separate source of fuel for supporting combustion and water may be introduced during combustion via line 7. Combustion gases pass via a refractory lined conduit 2 to the quench vessel 3 for cooling and scrubbing by water or acid solution supplied from lines 15a and 15b. Gases leave the quench vessel at outlet 11 and hot halogen acid solution leaves from outlet 13 and is recovered via line 14. The quench vessel is lined top and bottom with a layer of acid resistant material 31. Applied to this acidresistant lining in the bottom part are ...

Method of burning corrosive residues and apparatus for applying the method

In the combustion of corrosive residues, a swirling air stream is introduced at the bottom of the flame, the said air is caused to swerve so as to give it the form of a swirling-well flow, and at least one additional air stream is introduced co-currently around the mixture comprising the residues and the swirling air at the level of the upstream portion of the combustion zone. In apparatus for applying the said method, base 46 of combustion chamber 5 contains apertures for swirling air, which are formed in the supporting plate 43, and at least one aperture 44 and/or 45 for at least one additional air stream; the air for injecting and dispersing the corrosive residues being admitted through the injector 21, and the apertures being arranged concentrically relative to the axis of symmetry of the said injector; the apertures for the passage of the swirling air further being associated with a box 31, comprising tangential peripheral orifices 32 and frustoconical deflectors 33 and 34. ...

Process for the recycling of waste batteries and waste printed circuit boards in molten salts or molten metals

A system for recycling composite waste material comprises a charging means 1, 4, a pyrolysis and separation chamber 8 which holds a pyrolysis liquid, means for separating the waste into heavy and light fractions within the pyrolysis liquid, a light fraction removal means 22 for removing dross or vapour from the surface of or above the surface of the pyrolysis liquid, a heavy fraction removal means 17, 20, 21 for removing the heavy fraction from below the pyrolysis liquid and means for reciriculating the pyrolysis liquid 38, 39, 41 including a filter 40 to remove any suspended solids. The pyrolysis liquid may be molten non-ferrous metal such as zinc, tin aluminium lead, copper or an alloy thereof, a molten salt such as a chloride (LiCl, KCl), hydroxide (KOH, NaOH), cyanide, nitrate (NaNO3, KNO2), nitrite (NaNO2) or mixtures thereof, or an organic liquid with a boiling point higher than 150°C. A method discloses treating materials such as printed circuit boards (PCBs), batteries, catalysts ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR HOT-BRIQUETTING MULTIPLE METAL PIECES

... 1,271,312. Rotary hearth furnaces. BERWIND CORP. 15 April, 1969 [15 April, 1968], No. 19180/69. Heading F4B. Oil-coated scrap metal material such as turnings or borings is fed in through openings 81 on to the hearth 76 of a rotary hearth furnace 70 where it is heated before being discharged, free of oil, through a centrally disposed outlet 82 from whence it is passed directly to a briquetting machine (18, Fig. 1). The oil serves as fuel for the furnace, and combustion air enters the furnace through openings 94. The material is moved over the surface of the hearth towards the outlet 82 by means of a stationary rake structure 84 having blades 86. The combustion gases leave through an outlet 95 which communicates with an afterburner (28, Fig. 1) serving to reduce or eliminate the presence of unburned oil vapour in the exhaust gases; the exhaust gases are then passed through a scrubber (26, Fig. 1) before being exhausted through a stack (32) into the atmosphere. In a modified embodiment (Fig ...

APPARATUS FOR THE CONVEYANCE OF SOLUTIONS AND SUSPENSIONS TO A FURNACE

Burning waste materials

A method for burning waste materials having a great variation of combustible components, in which waste materials are placed in hermetically sealed collection containers (18) of burnable material and are introduced into a combustion passage in the packed condition. Each collection container is subjected to a precombustion controlled as a function of the inflammability of its contents and delivered to uncontrolled combustion only after attaining a predetermined degree of combustion. Precombustion may be controlled by varying the supply of independent energy and/or varying the stay in the precombustion zone. Precombustion may be observed visually by a camera installed in the furnace. Substantial amounts of liquid are separated from the waste materials subjected to precombustion and are gradually evaporated. The combustion furnace for carrying out the method has a combustion chamber (43) and an entry passage (12-15) preceding it where the collection containers (18) are introduced, and a precombustion ...

BURN PROCEDURE FOR INDUSTRIAL WASTE

PROCEDURE FOR BURNING GETTERS FROM THE PAPER PRODUCTION

VERFAHREN ZUR VERNICHTUNG TOXISCHER ABPRODUKTE SOWIE PLASMATISCHER REAKTOR ZUR DURCHFÜHRUNG DES VERFAHRENS

Wastewater evaporation apparatus and method

An apparatus and method for evaporating a liquid and incinerating pollutants present in the resulting vapor. The system comprises a chamber for containing a liquid, a floatable pan in the chamber comprising at least one opening to allow a portion of the liquid to enter into a basin of the pan, a heating element at least partially sumergeable in the liquid in the basin of the pan for evaporating the liquid, and a blowing burner to incinerate pollutants present in the evaporated liquid.

Method for Safely Disposing Medicines

A method for safely disposing of medicines includes converting the medicines into a partially solid mass that may be incinerated. The medicines may be treated with a bittering agent capable of denaturing the stored medicines and with a coloring agent capable of providing a characteristic color to the denatured medicines. The medicines may also be treated with a thickening agent that is capable of converting the denatured medicines into a partially solid disposable mass, prior to incinerating the medicines.

Treatment system of wet organic waste

Provided is a treatment system whereby a wet organic waste can be effectively treated and CO 2 produced in the course of the treatment can be immobilized to thereby contribute to the reduction of CO 2 . The treatment system is characterized by including microbiologically fermenting a wet organic waste in a fermentation device, combusting in a combustion furnace a fermented material obtained from the fermentation device and, at the same time, supplying to the combustion furnace a fermentation gas produced by the microbiological fermentation treatment in the fermentation device, and then recovering and immobilizing CO 2 in a hot exhaust gas produced by the combustion treatment in the combustion furnace.

Recycling furnace for burning off precious metal-containing materials

A recycling furnace is provided for processing potentially explosive precious metal-containing materials having organic fractions that combust with great energy. The furnace includes a switching facility for alternating operation of two burning-off chambers of the furnace between: (A) pyrolysis or carbonization under protective furnace gas in an atmosphere comprising maximally 6 wt-% oxygen, and (B) oxidative combustion of the organic fractions including carbon. The furnace has indirect heating and a control that determines the end of the pyrolysis or carbonization by a sensor and controls the switching facility to supply air or oxygen to the interior of the furnace. A continuous conveyor for dosing of liquids or liquefied substances during the pyrolysis is controlled by at least one parameter of post-combustion, preferably a temperature sensor. A single waste gas treatment facility is used for thermal post-combustion for the two furnace chambers.

Method and System for Stabilizing Volatile Radionuclides During Denitration at High Temperatures

Providing a method for eliminating NO x from an input waste form, including waste forms with volatile elements. The method includes adding the input waste form, reducing additives, a fluidizing gas, and mineralizing additives to a fluidized bed reactor. The reactor includes multiple portions and at least one portion is operated in a reducing atmosphere. The bed is operated at temperatures greater than 800° C.

SLURRY DEWATERING AND CONVERSION OF BIOSOLIDS TO A RENEWABLE FUEL

In the processes for treating municipal sewage and storm water containing biosolids to discharge standards, biosolids, even after dewatering, contain typically about 80% water bound in the dead cells of the biosolids, which gives biosolids a negative heating value. It can be incinerated only at the expense of purchased fuel. Biosolids are heated to a temperature at which their cell structure is destroyed and, preferably, at which carbon dioxide is split off to lower the oxygen content of the biosolids. The resulting char is not hydrophilic, and it can be efficiently dewatered and/or dried and is a viable renewable fuel. This renewable fuel can be supplemented by also charging conventional biomass (yard and crop waste, etc.) in the same or in parallel facilities. Similarly, non-renewable hydrophilic fuels can be so processed in conjunction with the processing of biosolids to further augment the energy supply. 1. A process of converting biomass into a renewable fuel comprising the steps of:providing biomass comprising at least about 10% water;slurrying the biomass by performing at least one of the steps of grinding and adding at least one of fresh water, recycled water, steam, and a combination thereof to form a pumpable slurry;applying sufficient pressure to the biomass slurry to maintain liquidity and form pressurized biomass;heating the pressurized biomass to a first temperature, wherein the first temperature is sufficient to form an aqueous char slurry, carbon dioxide, and free water;depressurizing the biomass char slurry;separating the carbon dioxide from the biomass char slurry; andremoving at least a portion of the free water from the biomass char slurry to provide a dewatered biomass char product containing a decreased oxygen content.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the biomass comprises sewage sludge.3. The process of claim 1 , further comprising the steps of:reacting the dewatered biomass char product with a gas comprising oxygen to thereby convert its ...

Energy efficient, low emissions shale oil recovery process

A process for the energy efficient, environmentally friendly recovery of liquid and gaseous products from solid or semi-solid hydrocarbon resources, in particular, oil shale or tar sands. The process involves non-oxidative pyrolysis to recover fluid energy values, oxidative combustion to recover energy values as recoverable heat, and environmental sequestration of gases produced.

Solid fuel skewer suspension burning system

A skewer system comprises a skewer rod that holds tires in suspension during an incineration process where the tires are burned for fuel in a kiln such as a cement kiln or a lime kiln. In certain implementations, the skewer system also comprises a fuel advancing system to advance tires loaded onto the skewer rod into the heated gas in a stationary heat transfer station of the kiln. In further exemplary implementations, the skewer system comprises a mechanism to recover wire remnants from incinerated tires, the wire can be cut off the skewer and dropped into the kiln, or the wire itself can be burned off.

Horizontally-Oriented Gasifier with Lateral Transfer System

A method and apparatus is described for the efficient conversion of carbonaceous feedstock including municipal solid waste into a product gas through gasification. More specifically, a horizontally-oriented gasifier having one or more lateral transfer system for moving material through the gasifier is provided thereby allowing for the horizontal expansion of the gasification process such that there is sequential promotion of feedstock drying, volatization and char-to-ash conversions.

Process for providing noble metal-containing mixtures for recovering noble metals

The invention relates to the provision of noble metal-containing mixtures for a process for processing them by heating the mixture, preferably for processing them by means of an ashing process. This provision is characterized by the following measures: (a) moistening of the noble metal-containing mixture to be processed, (b) introduction of the moistened noble metal-containing mixture into at least one container which serves as diffusion barrier for water, and (c) introduction of the loaded container into a heat-resistant chamber together with at least one upper refractory mat. The noble metal-containing mixture is preferably moistened in the presence of a porous material and the chamber is closed by means of a heat-resistant covering. The invention further provides a processing process comprising the provision of noble metal-containing mixtures and also the heat-resistant chamber loaded with noble metal-containing mixtures itself. The process of the invention enables simple, clean recovery of noble metals in high yield from noble metal-containing mixtures.

APPARATUS FOR TREATING WASTE MATERIAL AND A PRODUCT GAS

The invention relates to an apparatus for treating waste material including organic components and radioactive agents. In the apparatus the waste material including organic components and radioactive agents are gasified at temperature between 600-950° C. in a fluidized bed reactor to form a gaseous material. The gaseous material is than cooled in a water quenching device so that temperature is between 300-500° C. after the cooling. The solid fraction including radioactive agents is removed from the gaseous material in a in at least one filtration device. A gas scrubbing device then removes sulphur by scrubbing the treated gaseous material after the filtration in order to form a treated gaseous material. 1. An apparatus for treating waste material including organic components and radioactive agents to form a treated gaseous material , the apparatus comprising:a fluidized bed reactor configured to gasify the waste material including organic components and radioactive agents from the group consisting of resins, clothes, contaminated wood, and contaminated vegetable matter, wherein the radioactive agents are low-level and/or medium-level radioactive agents, using air at an air ratio greater than zero and less than 1 at temperatures between 600-950° C. to form a gaseous material,a water quenching device configured to quench the gaseous material to temperature which is between 300-500° C. after cooling by water quenching to form a cooled gaseous material,a gas cleaning device configured to remove a solid fraction by filtration carried out at temperature between 300-500° C. in at least one filtration device, including removing the radioactive agents, from the cooled gaseous material and to form a treated gaseous material, anda gas scrubbing device configured to remove sulphur by scrubbing from the treated gaseous material after the filtration.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising at least one heat exchanger for cooling the gaseous material.3. The ...

Non-polluting Biomass Waste Processor, Components and Processes for Use by a Municipality, Industrial, Forestry and/or Agricultural Facility

Implementations of a non-polluting biomass processor, and manufactured processor components are disclosed which at least partly address the local technical problems of a municipality, business, and/or organization, to generate non-polluting emissions, while generating at least one, often two or more, product outputs from biomass feedstocks input into the biomass processor. Examples of the operations of the biomass processor and various combinations of its manufactured processor components are disclosed. The product outputs may include carbon char and/or activated carbon, both of which may be used to increase water retention in climates with hot, dry summers and/or used to remediate water pollution in water reservoirs. 1. An apparatus , comprising:{'b': 1000', '1010', '1050', '1030', '1042', '1044, 'A1) a non-polluting biomass processor adapted to respond to receipt of a biomass feedstock to generate at least two product outputs to at least partly address at least one local technical problem , with said product outputs generated with non-polluting atmospheric emission and with non-polluting water emission ;'}{'b': '1016', 'B1) wherein said biomass feedstock includes a version of a municipal waste biomass ; and'}{'b': 1030', '1036, 'C1) said local technical problem includes a waste treatment problem .'}2107210601070108012521522. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said product outputs include at least two of a carbon char claim 1 , a bio-oil claim 1 , an activated carbon claim 1 , a syngas and a form of pyrogas ( and/or ).310801080. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein said syngas has a particulate density that insures non-polluting use of said syngas .4171017121714. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said supply problem includes at least one of a local biomass waste composition claim 1 , a local biomass waste seasonal variation claim 1 , and a local biomass waste daily variation .51700170217041706. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said local technical problem includes ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THERMAL PROCESSING

A method and apparatus for thermal processing of contaminated liquids is disclosed. The system employs an efficient and robust pulse jet burner as its basic energy source. This energy is then used to generate steam which may subsequently be used for a variety of processing and purification steps. A multiple-chamber approach is used: a burner chamber contains the pulse jet burner, a neighboring heat exchanger chamber uses this heat energy to initiate the purification process which started in a third neighboring coagulator chamber into which the contaminated fluids are initially introduced to the system. Combustible liquids which are separated from the contaminated fluids may be used to power the pulse jet for self-contained operation. High temperature flue gases from the pulse jet pass through a supercharger box and then into a vortex dryer which may have a secondary vortex dryer for initial drying of wet solid fuels. 1. A thermal processing apparatus for processing contaminated liquids and solid wastes , comprising: [ a pulse jet burner, fully immersed in the water and having an inlet and an outlet; and', 'a first steam outlet; and, 'a water-filled burner chamber, comprising, 'an air-filled supercharger box configured to provide air to the inlet and outlet of the pulse jet burner;, 'a first chamber, comprisinga second chamber, comprising an array of heat exchanger tubes having a first steam inlet and a second steam outlet, wherein the first steam inlet is configured to receive steam from the first steam outlet; anda third chamber, comprising an array of coagulator tubes or plates having a second steam inlet, wherein the second steam inlet is configured to receive steam from the second steam outlet.2. The thermal processing apparatus of claim 1 , the supercharger box further comprising a fan configured to raise the air pressure within the supercharger box up to 3 atmospheres pressure to enhance the combustion efficiency of the pulse jet burner.3. The thermal ...

Methods and apparatuses for detection of properties of fluid conveyance systems

A system and method for monitoring and/or detecting the flow of one or more fluids in a fluid system including leak detection system integral to the fluid system (e.g., at any point along a conduit, at a connection between conduits such as at a fitting assembly, etc.) configured to detect incipient, early stage levels of the leak. Based on one or more factors related to the fluid and/or the leak, the methods, devices, and systems disclosed herein can provide an indication of a suitable action or process in response to the fluid or the leak including performing preventative maintenance or providing an indication of the need of maintenance in response to the leak.

Method for Producing Levulinic Acid from Lignocellulosic Biomass

A method for producing levulinic acid from lignocellulosic biomass comprising hemicellulose including one or more six carbon chain compound precursors comprises the steps of hydrolyzing the lignocellulosic biomass to form a first phase comprising partially hydrolyzed lignocellulosic biomass including cellulose and lignin and a second phase comprising one or more five carbon chain sugars and one or more six carbon chain sugars from degradation of the hemicellulose, separating the first phase from the second phase, and converting at least a portion of the one or more six carbon chain sugars to levulinic acid. 1. A method for producing levulinic acid from lignocellulosic biomass comprising hemicellulose including one or more six carbon chain compound precursors , the method comprising the steps of:hydrolyzing the lignocellulosic biomass to form a first phase comprising partially hydrolyzed lignocelluosic biomass including cellulose and lignin and a second phase comprising one or more five carbon chain sugars and one or more six carbon chain sugars from degradation of the hemicellulose;separating the first phase from the second phase; andconverting at least a portion of the one or more five carbon chain sugars to furfural, a furfural reaction intermediate, tar, or a combination thereof in the presence of the one or more six carbon chain sugars; andseparating at least a portion of the furfural, the furfural reaction intermediate, the tar, or the combination thereof from the one or more six carbon chain sugars, and thereafterconverting at least a portion of the one or more six carbon chain sugars to levulinic acid.2. The method of wherein the step of hydrolyzing the lignocellulosic biomass comprises contacting the lignocellulosic biomass with steam claim 1 , a combination of steam and at least one acid claim 1 , alcohol claim 1 , or a combination of alcohol and at least one acid.3. The method of wherein the step of hydrolyzing the lignocellulosic biomass is carried out in ...

OXYGENATED FUEL

Techniques, systems, apparatus and material are disclosed for generating oxygenated fuel. In one aspect, a method of producing an oxygenated fuel from biomass waste for use in a combustion system includes dissociating the biomass waste to produce one or more carbon donors. The biomass waste produced carbon donors are reacted with an oxygen donor to produce the oxygenated fuel comprising oxygenated carbon. Reacting the carbon donors with the oxygen donors includes applying waste heat recovered from an external heat source to the reaction of carbon donors and oxygen donor. The oxygenated fuel is combusted in the combustion system. 1. A method of producing an oxygenated fuel from biomass waste for use in a combustion system , the method comprising:dissociating the biomass waste to produce one or more carbon donors; applying energy recovered from an external energy source to the reaction of carbon donors and oxygen donor; and', 'combusting the oxygenated fuel in the combustion system., 'reacting the biomass waste produced carbon donors with an oxygen donor to produce the oxygenated fuel comprising oxygenated carbon, wherein the reacting comprises2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more carbon donors comprise carbon; andwherein the reacting comprises partially oxidizing the carbon to produce carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more carbon donors comprise hydrocarbon and alcohol and the oxygen donor comprises steam; andwherein the reacting comprises reacting the hydrocarbon and alcohol with the steam to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen.4. The method of wherein combusting the oxygenated carbon in the combustion system comprises:providing an oxidant and the oxygenated fuel in a combustion zone of the combustion system.5. The method of further comprising:controlling timing or duration of fuel injection using adaptive control.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:controlling a fuel delivery pressure using ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THERMAL PROCESSING

A method and apparatus for thermal processing of contaminated liquids is disclosed. The system employs an efficient and robust pulse jet burner as its basic energy source. This energy is then used to generate steam which may subsequently be used for a variety of processing and purification steps. A multiple-chamber approach is used: a burner chamber contains the pulse jet burner, a neighboring heat exchanger chamber uses this heat energy to initiate the purification process which started in a third neighboring coagulator chamber into which the contaminated fluids are initially introduced to the system. Combustible liquids which are separated from the contaminated fluids may be used to power the pulse jet for self-contained operation. High temperature flue gases from the pulse jet pass through a supercharger box and then into a vortex dryer which may have a secondary vortex dryer for initial drying of wet solid fuels. 113-. (canceled)14. A thermal processing apparatus for processing contaminated liquids and solid wastes , comprising: [ [ an inlet;', 'an outlet; and', 'a combustion chamber, comprising inner and outer walls, wherein the inner wall is thermally insulated from the outer wall and is comprised of high temperature metal, and wherein the outer wall is in contact with the water; and, 'a pulse jet burner, fully immersed in the water and comprising, 'a first steam outlet; and, 'a water-filled burner chamber, comprising, 'an air-filled supercharger box configured to provide air to the inlet and outlet of the pulse jet burner;, 'a first chamber, comprisinga second chamber, comprising an array of heat exchanger tubes having a first steam inlet and a second steam outlet, wherein the first steam inlet is configured to receive steam from the first steam outlet;a third chamber, comprising an array of coagulator tubes or plates having a second steam inlet, wherein the second steam inlet is configured to receive steam from the second steam outlet; and an inner chamber ...

Method and device for the post-combustion of sewage sludge ash produced in a sewage sludge mono-incineration plant

In the case of mono sewage sludge incineration, a solution may be created that enables sewage sludge ash, which may still have a low proportion of unburned carbon, to be discharged from a mono sewage sludge incineration plant. This is achieved by a method for the post-combustion of sewage sludge ash obtained in a mono sewage sludge incineration in a rotary kiln by means of a hot and a low oxygen content, such as an oxygen content of 5-10 vol. % oxygen. The gas stream from the rotary kiln may escape the sewage sludge ash and is fed to the gas flow. This sufficiently hot gas flow may cause oxidation or afterburning of unburned carbon contained in the sewage sludge ash. 1. A method for the post-combustion of sewage sludge ash produced during sewage sludge mono-incineration in a rotary kiln using a hot gas or flue gas stream having a low oxygen content , wherein the method comprises:obtaining sewage sludge ash from a fired incineration chamber of an incineration plant associated with the rotary kiln or from a power plant associated with the rotary kiln;feeding the sewage sludge ash exiting the rotary kiln into the gas or flue gas stream;optionally adjusting the sewage sludge ash to the low oxygen content required for post-combustion, andoxidizing or post-combusting unburned carbon contained in the sewage sludge ash by the hot gas or flue gas stream.2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising supplying the mixture of hot gas or flue gas stream and supplied sewage sludge ash into a reaction space.3. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising adjusting the temperature of the hot gas or flue gas stream in such a way that claim 1 , on the one hand claim 1 , it is sufficiently high to cause the oxidation or post-combustion of the unburned carbon contained in the sewage sludge ash and claim 1 , on the other hand claim 1 , it is sufficiently low so that the temperature increase of the sewage sludge ash and gas stream mixture or sewage sludge ash and flue ...

HIGH POWER DENSITY INSULATED EXHAUST HEATING SYSTEM

A heating apparatus for a fluid flow system having a container body includes a heater element and a strip. The heater element is within the container body and includes an electrical resistance element, a sheath, and an insulating material. The sheath extends along a predefined path through the container body and surrounds the electrical resistance element along the predefined path. The insulating material is disposed about the electrical resistance element between the electrical resistance element and the sheath. The insulating material electrically insulates the electrical resistance element from the sheath. The strip is disposed inside the container body and defines a tortuous geometry that follows the predefined path. The strip defines a plurality of openings at discrete locations along the strip. The heater element extends through the plurality of openings and is configured to contact the strip at the discrete locations. 1. A heating apparatus for a fluid flow system having a container body , the heating apparatus comprising:a heater element within the container body, the heater element including an electrical resistance element, a sheath, and an insulating material, the sheath extending along a predefined path through the container body and surrounding the electrical resistance element along the predefined path, the insulating material disposed about the electrical resistance element between the electrical resistance element and the sheath, wherein the insulating material electrically insulates the electrical resistance element from the sheath; anda strip disposed inside the container body and defining a tortuous geometry that follows the predefined path, wherein the strip defines a plurality of openings at discrete locations along the strip, wherein the heater element extends through the plurality of openings and is configured to contact the strip at the discrete locations.2. The heating apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the predefined path is a ...

DIRECT HIGH TEMPERATURE SLUDGE ENERGY RECUPERATOR TRANSFORMER MODULE

Systems and processes for processing sludge and other natural waste are provided. In one example, the sludge or natural waste may be dried into a powder using high-temperature gas to absorb moisture from the sludge, causing the high-temperature gas to become an at least partially saturated gas. The at least partially saturated gas may pass through a scrubber before being heated in an air-heater and used in the moisture absorption process. The heat for the air-heater may be provided by a burner operable to burn the dried powder obtained from the sludge. The heated gas may be used to pre-heat the saturated gas and may be used to dry additional sludge. 1. A system for processing dewatered sludge , the system comprising:at least one of a mill or grinder operable to:receive high-temperature gas;receive sludge; andreduce a moisture content of the sludge by breaking the sludge into a dried powder in the presence of the high-temperature gas, wherein the high-temperature gas absorbs at least a portion of the moisture content of the sludge to form at least partially saturated gas;a first separator operable to separate the dried powder from the at least partially saturated gas;a first condenser operable to reduce a moisture content of the at least partially saturated gas by reducing a temperature of the at least partially saturated gas to form a reduced-temperature gas;a heater operable to heat the reduced-temperature gas to form a heated gas;a second separator operable to separate at least a portion of ash contained in the heated gas from the heated gas, wherein the second separator is further operable to direct a first portion of the heated gas to the at least one of the mill or grinder to be used as the high-temperature gas; andan output system operable to discharge the ash and a second portion of the heated gas from the system.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sludge comprises at least one of digested sludge claim 1 , undigested sludge claim 1 , fresh animal waste ...

Solid and Black Waste Mitigation System and Process

A system for waste processing includes a feeder for receiving a waste stream of carbonaceous materials, multiple independently controllable augers, a reactor and an incinerator. The reactor receives a waste stream from the feeder and using a controllable heating element assembly converts the carbonaceous materials in the waste stream to syngas. The incinerator uses the syngas from the reactor to incinerate separately received black water waste from a storage tank.

Thermite Bag For Chemical / Biological Agent Munition And Hazardous Waste Disposal System

An aspect of the present disclosure relates to a thermite bag, which may be used for the disposal of hazardous material. The thermite bag includes a sealable exterior pouch, a sealable interior pouch receivable within the exterior pouch, a thermite charge receivable within the sealable interior pouch and an igniter wire contacting thermite within the thermite charge. The thermite bag also includes a power supply electrically coupled to the ignitor wire and a trigger electrically coupled to the ignitor wire and power supply. In addition, the thermite bag includes a vent including a filter, wherein the vent is coupled to the sealable exterior pouch. 1. A thermite bag , comprising:a sealable exterior pouch;a sealable interior pouch receivable within said exterior pouch;a thermite charge receivable within said sealable interior pouch;an igniter wire contacting thermite within said thermite charge;a power supply electrically coupled to the ignitor wire;a trigger electrically coupled to the ignitor wire and power supply; anda vent including a filter, wherein said vent is fluidly coupled to said exterior pouch.2. The thermite bag of claim 1 , wherein said sealable exterior pouch comprises:an outer layer including a textile material;an inner layer including a metallized fabric; anda middle layer, between the outer layer and inner layer, including a carbon filtration media.3. The thermite bag of claim 3 , wherein said metallized fabric comprises at least one of fiberglass claim 3 , aramid fiber claim 3 , rayon and oxidized polyacrylonitrile fiber.4. The thermite bag of claim 3 , wherein said carbon filtration media comprises activated carbon affixed to a textile carrier fabric claim 3 , wherein said activated carbon exhibits a specific surface area claim 3 , as measured by the BET method claim 3 , in the range of 500 m/g to 2000 m/g.5. The thermite bag of claim 1 , wherein said sealable interior pouch comprises:at least two layers of a metallized fabric.6. The thermite bag ...

DRYING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DRYING DEWATERED SEWAGE SLUDGE

A drying system includes a disk contact dryer, which includes an inlet for the sewage sludge, a drying chamber for temporarily accommodating the sewage sludge, multiple disks in the drying chamber, a drive for rotating the disks at a defined rotational speed, a heater for heating the disks, an outlet for the sewage sludge dried in the drying chamber, and an incineration system for the dried sludge. The drying system includes an input sensor for determining the initial moisture of the sewage sludge, an output sensor for determining the final moisture of the sewage sludge, and a controller for regulating the rotational speed of the disks and/or the heat output of the heater and/or the amount of sewage sludge entering the inlet, and/or the amount of dry sewage sludge exiting the outlet based on the measurements of the input sensor and of the output sensor. 1. A drying system for drying partially dewatered sewage sludge , the drying system comprising:a disk contact dryer that includes an inlet configured for receiving the partially dewatered sewage sludge that is to be dried, a drying chamber adjoining the inlet and connected to the inlet and configured for temporarily accommodating the partially dewatered sewage sludge to be dried that has been received via the inlet, a plurality of disks, which are arranged adjacent to one another within the drying chamber and disposed to come in contact with the partially dewatered sewage sludge during the operation of the disk contact dryer, and an outlet connected to the drying chamber and configured for receiving sewage sludge dried in the drying chamber to exit from the drying chamber;a drive connected to the disk contact dryer and configured for rotating the plurality of disks at a predefined rotational speed;a heater configured to act upon the disks with a predefined heating power to supply heat to the partially dewatered sewage sludge to be dried and effectuate an evaporation of liquid present in the partially dewatered sewage ...

SYSTEM FOR DISPOSING HIGH-MOISTURE MIXED WASTE COMPOSED OF KITCHEN GARBAGE AND WATER-CONTAINING SLUDGE

A system for disposing a high-moisture mixed waste composed of kitchen garbage and water-containing sludge is provided, including a mixed waste storage device, a mixed waste primary-drying device and a mixed waste incinerating device. 1. A system for disposing a high-moisture mixed waste composed of kitchen garbage and water-containing sludge , comprising a mixed waste storage device , a mixed waste primary-drying device and a mixed waste incinerating device which are connected in sequence , the mixed waste primary-drying device comprising a mixed waste primary-drying body , and a primary-drying material inlet , a primary-dried material outlet , a drying gas inlet and a primary waste gas outlet which are arranged on the mixed waste primary-drying body , and a discharging outlet of the mixed waste storage device being connected with the primary-drying material inlet of the mixed waste primary-drying device through the first conveying belt; and the mixed waste incinerating device comprising an incinerator , and an incineration material inlet , an incineration material outlet , a combustion-supporting gas inlet and a flue gas outlet which are arranged on the incinerator , the combustion-supporting gas inlet being connected with the primary waste gas outlet of the mixed waste primary-drying device , and the flue gas outlet being connected with the drying gas inlet of the mixed waste primary-drying device;wherein a mixed waste secondary-drying device is also arranged between the mixed waste primary-drying device and the mixed waste incinerating device, the mixed waste secondary-drying device comprises a mixed waste secondary-drying body, and a secondary-drying material inlet, a secondary-dried material outlet, a drying gas inlet, a drying gas outlet and a secondary waste gas outlet which are arranged on the mixed waste secondary-drying body, the secondary dried material inlet is connected with the primary dried material outlet of the mixed waste primary-drying device ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD OF BURNING SEWAGE SLUDGE AND GENERATING POWER THEREOF

The disclosure is concerned with generating power using new organic fuel that is generated at wastewater purification plants in the form of sewage sludge with moisture content up to 90-95%. The world supplies this new orgabic fuel in very high quantites that are estimated to be more than 25-40 gr of dry mass/man/day. The new composite fuel comprises a coal suspension with the new dispersed medium, which is the liquid sewage sludge. The composite fuel is introduced into a furnace for combustion and generating power. 1. An apparatus for burning sewage sludge using supplementary fuel comprising:sewage sludge supply module;fuel supply module;mixer adapted to receive the sewage sludge from said sewage sludge module and fuel from said fuel supply module and form a mixture;combustion module adapted to receive said mixture and form combustion.2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the fuel is coal in pulverized form.3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the fuel is mazut in an atomizied form.4. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , incorporated within a power generation plant wherein energy is generated from said combustion module.5. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the fuel is liquid fuel such as mazut that is used in a form of fuel emulsion wherein said fuel emulsion is prepared in a gas turbine.6. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the fuel is solid fuel such as coal or slurry that is used in its grinded form wherein said coal or slurry is grinded into powder with maximal sizes less 100 mkm that is used to prepare fuel suspension in a steam turbine.7. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , further provided with plastificator from which elulsifying agents are delivered to said mixer.8. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the sewage sludge comprises insoluble organic minerals claim 1 , water claim 1 , and solid components.9. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the sewage sludge is delivered to said mixer through an ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IMPROVED FIRING OF BIOMASS AND OTHER SOLID FUELS FOR STEAM PRODUCTION AND GASIFICATION

A ground supported single drum power boiler is described combining a refractory lined and insulated V-Cell floor; refractory lined and insulated combustion chamber; integrated fuel chutes configured to pre-dry wet solid fuel; top mounted fuel bin; internal chamber walls; configurable combustion air systems; and a back pass with after-burner ports and cross flow superheaters. The boiler can be configured in pre-assembled modules to minimize the field construction time and cost. An alternative embodiment is adaptable as a gasifier. 1. (canceled)2. The boiler floor of in which said outer supporting structure comprises a duct system configured to convey combustion air claim 3 , oxygen claim 3 , or recirculated boiler flue gas claim 3 , or any combination thereof claim 3 , to the combustion chamber of said boiler.3. A floor of a solid fuel fired boiler comprising one or more cells in which most of the fuel firing said boiler falls into said cell or cells and burns therein claim 3 , each of said cell or cells having sloping sides and including an outer supporting structure claim 3 , an inner refractory layer claim 3 , and an insulating layer between said outer supporting structure and said inner refractory lining claim 3 , and wherein the bottoms of each of said cell or cells are truncated resulting in openings in the bottoms of each of said cell or cells claim 3 , and a movable grate floor resides below each of said openings such that each of said movable grate floors may be opened periodically to discharge the contents of each of said cell or cells.4. The boiler floor of further comprising a plenum from which combustion air claim 3 , oxygen claim 3 , or recirculated boiler flue gas claim 3 , or any combination thereof claim 3 , is injected from below each of said movable grate floors and then flows up through each of said movable grate floors.5. The boiler floor of in which each of said movable grate floors is supported by a rotatable shaft claim 4 , and each of said ...

Intelligent Oxygen Level Controller for Biofuel-Fired Burner

A controller monitors oxygen levels in a bio-fuel fired device and automatically controls dampers, blowers and the like to reduce generation of smoke or other pollutants, thereby promoting proper operation of a catalytic converter. 1. A bio-fuel fire control system comprising:a first port configured to be coupled to an oxygen level sensor and to receive from the oxygen level sensor a signal indicating an amount of oxygen in exhaust gas from a bio-fuel fire;a second port configured to be coupled to an air handler that supplies air to the bio-fuel fire and to supply to the air handler a control signal that controls a rate at which the air handler supplies air to the bio-fuel fire; and repeatedly receive, via the first port, the signal indicating the amount of oxygen in the exhaust gas, thereby receiving a series of oxygen level samples; and', compare the oxygen level sample to a first predetermined value; and', generate a control signal configured to cause the air handler to increase the rate at which the air handler supplies air to the bio-fuel fire; and', 'send, via the second port, the generated control signal to the air handler., 'when, as a result of the comparison, the oxygen level sample is found to be less than the first predetermined value], 'for each oxygen level sample of at least some of the series of oxygen level samples], 'a controller coupled to the first and second ports and configured to automatically2. A bio-fuel fire control system according to claim 1 , wherein:the first port is configured to be coupled to an oxygen level sensor disposed downstream of a pollution control device; andthe first predetermined value is in a range of about 3-4%.3. A bio-fuel fire control system according to claim 1 , wherein:the first port is configured to be coupled to an oxygen level sensor disposed upstream of a pollution control device; andthe first predetermined value is in a range of about 9-13%.4. A bio-fuel fire control system according to claim 1 , wherein the ...

TRANSPORTATION OF REFINERY SOLIDS WASTE

A method for disposing of solid refinery waste is disclosed. The method includes removing solid waste constituents from inside a refinery tank using excavating machinery, delumping the solid waste constituents, and conveying the delumped solid waste constituents into a mobile tank. The method further includes transporting the delumped solid waste constituents in the mobile tank to a burning facility, adding at least one diluent, mixing, and pumping from the mobile tank a flowable mixture of refinery waste and the at least one diluent at the burning facility. 1. A method for disposing of solid refinery waste , the method comprising:removing solid waste constituents from inside a refinery tank using excavating machinery;delumping the solid waste constituents;conveying the delumped solid waste constituents into a mobile tank;maintaining a head space between a top level of the delumped solid waste constituents in the mobile tank and a top wall of the mobile tank;transporting the delumped solid waste constituents in the mobile tank to a burning facility;adding at least one diluent to the head space;mixing the at least one diluent with the delumped solid waste constituents using an agitator; andpumping from the mobile tank a flowable mixture of refinery waste and the at least one diluent at the burning facility.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one diluent is added to the head space after the delumped solid waste constituents were transported to the burning facility.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one diluent is added to the head space before transporting the delumped solid waste constituents to the burning facility claim 1 , and mixing the at least one diluent with the delumped solid waste constituents takes place claim 1 , at least partially claim 1 , during transporting the delumped solid waste constituents to the burning facility.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein delumping and conveying the solid waste constituents are performed by one ...

THERMAL SLUDGE TO ENERGY TRANSFORMER

Systems and processes provide for a thermal process to transform sludge (and a variety of other natural waste materials) into electricity. Dewatered sludge and other materials containing a high amount of latent energy are dried into a powdered biofuel using a drying gas produced in the system. The drying gas is recirculated and is heated by the biofuel produced in the system, waste heat (from turbines or internal combustion engines), gas (including natural gas or digester gas) and/or oil. The biofuel is combusted in a boiler system that utilizes a burner operable to burn biofuel and produce heat utilized in a series of heat exchangers that heat the recirculating drying air and steam that powers the turbines for electricity production. 1. A system for generating electricity by combusting biofuel produced from dewatered sludge , the system comprising: receive a drying gas;', 'receive sludge; and', 'reduce the moisture content of the sludge in the presence of the drying gas, wherein the drying gas absorbs at least a portion of the moisture content of the sludge and forms a biofuel, reduced moisture powder, and at least partially saturated gas;, 'a dryer operable toa boiler system operable to combust the biofuel to produce at least one of heat for use in the dryer or steam for a turbine;a first separator operable to separate the biofuel from the at least partially saturated gas;a first condenser operable to reduce a moisture content of the at least partially saturated gas by reducing a temperature of the at least partially saturated gas to form a reduced-moisture gas;at least one fan operable to direct the reduced-moisture gas to the heat exchanger to form the drying gas, the heat exchanger disposed in the boiler system and to direct the reduced-moister gas to the dryer to reduce the moisture content of the sludge;a diverter valve operable to keep an overall system moisture balance by removing the volume of reduced-moisture gas out of the system that is equivalent to ...

INDUSTRIAL HIGH-TEMPERATURE MODIFICATION APPARATUS AND MODIFICATION METHOD

An industrial high temperature reformer and the reforming method in which a temperature of the reforming furnace is maintained at 1000° C. or higher by burning the coke, and a temperature of at least an upper half of the reforming furnace is maintained at 1200° C. or higher by burning the syngas, thereby producing syngas at a capacity of 500 m/hour or more by reforming all carbonaceous feedstock which is supplied to the reforming furnace. 18-. (canceled)9. An industrial high temperature reformer comprising:a reforming furnace reforming carbonaceous feedstock; a carbonaceous feedstock inlet supplying carbonaceous feedstock to the reforming furnace; a coke supply unit supplying coke to the reforming furnace; a first oxygen inlet supplying oxygen to the reforming furnace; a steam inlet supplying steam to the reforming furnace; a syngas outlet formed in an upper section of the reforming furnace; and a syngas inlet supplying syngas to the reforming furnace;wherein a temperature of the reforming furnace is maintained at 1000° C. or higher by burning the coke with the oxygen, and a temperature of at least an upper half of the reforming furnace is maintained at 1200° C. or higher by burning the syngas supplied via the syngas inlet.10. The industrial high temperature reformer of claim 9 , wherein the first oxygen inlet is formed in a lower section of the reforming furnace claim 9 , and a second oxygen inlet is formed in the mid-section of the reforming furnace.11. The industrial high temperature reformer of claim 10 , wherein the two carbonaceous feedstock inlets are formed in the mid-section of the reforming furnace claim 10 , and the second oxygen inlet is formed between the two carbonaceous feedstock inlets.12. The industrial high temperature reformer of claim 9 , wherein the oxygen supplied to the reforming furnace is fully used up to burn the coke and the syngas supplied via the syngas inlet.13. The industrial high temperature reformer of claim 9 , wherein the syngas ...

Systems and Methods for In-Situ Clean Up of Burnable Materials

The present disclosure provides devices and methods for cleaning up or burning spills of burnable materials in situ. In some embodiments, a system for burning a burnable material comprises a base having a first side configured for placement on a surface with a burnable material and a second side; and a plurality heat conducting members extending from the second side of the base. 1) A system for burning a burnable material comprising:a base having a first side configured for placement on a surface with a burnable material and a second side; anda plurality heat conducting members extending from the second side of the base.2) The system of claim 1 , wherein the base is a porous matrix.3) The system of claim 1 , wherein the base is a planar screen.4) The system of claim 1 , wherein the heat conducting members are shaped to have a high surface area to volume ratio.5) The system of claim 1 , wherein the heat conducting members are formed from metallic wire.6) The system of claim 1 , wherein the heat conducting members are disposed only at the periphery of the base.7) The system of further including an enclosure around the base.8) A method for burning a burnable material comprising:placing on top of a burnable material a first side of a porous matrix, wherein a plurality of heat conducting members extend from a second side opposite to the first side of the porous matrix;allowing the porous matrix to become at least partially submerged in the burnable material; andigniting the burnable material to cause the burnable material to burn, wherein the plurality of heat conducting members act to reflux heat from burning of the burnable material back to unburned burnable material to cause nucleate boiling of the unburned burnable material.9) The method of claim 8 , wherein the heat conducting members are shaped to have a high surface area to volume ratio.10) The method of claim 8 , wherein the heat conducting members are formed from metallic wire.11) The method of claim 8 , wherein ...

STEAM DILUENT GENERATOR

A method for using untreated produced water to generate steam and simultaneously producing diluents is disclosed. The method includes a combustion process for generating steam for hydrocarbon recovery using untreated water and, an optional process for recovering combustion byproducts to assist in hydrocarbon recovery or solvent injections. Specifically, a novel combustion method and a double-tube heat exchanger are used to generate steam while minimizing or eliminating water treatment steps and boiler fouling. Low value pitch, also known as asphalt, is used for combustion fuel. In addition to the steam generation, byproducts of the combustion process can be utilized in solvent injections or as a diluent. 1. A steam generator for steam assisted oil recovery , comprising:a) a solvent de-asphalting unit (SDA) for generating hot pitch and de-asphalted oils (DAO), said SDA having an outlet for removing said hot pitch and an outlet for removing said DAO;b) a fluid bed combustion boiler having at least one inlet for introducing said hot pitch and at least one inlet for introducing air, wherein said hot pitch and said air feed the combustion process, said fluid bed combustion boiler further comprising a solid media capable of capturing metals and oxide byproducts of said combustion process; andc) a double tube heat exchanger passing through said fluid bed combustion boiler, wherein a clean steam under pressure flows through the outer tube and oilfield produced water flows through inner tube of said heat exchanger.2. The steam generator in claim 1 , further comprising a fractionator and vessel for mixing said DAO with low boiling compounds from said fractionator.3. The steam generator in claim 2 , wherein said mixtures is separated into a makeup solvent stream and a diluent by a solvent splitter.4. An apparatus for generating steam claim 2 , solvent claim 2 , and diluents for steam assisted oil recovery to produce heavy oil claim 2 , comprising:a) a solvent de-asphalting ...

RECIRCULATION AND DISPOSAL OF AQUEOUS CATALYST SOLUTIONS IN AMINE CATALYTIC PROCESSES

The present invention relates to the oxidative combustion of amine-containing wastewaters, especially in a process for preparing methacrolein. Methacrolein is used in chemical synthesis particularly as an intermediate for preparation of methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, or else of active ingredients, odorants or flavorings. More particularly, the present invention relates to an oxidative combustion of the amine-containing wastewaters with only low nitrogen oxide formation. 1. A method for disposing of amine-containing water of reaction from an amine-catalytic process in which propanal is reacted with formaldehyde to give methacrolein , the method comprising combustion of the amine-containing water of reaction in a thermal oxidizer.2. The method of claim 1 , comprising conducting a Mannich reaction continuously in the presence of 0.1 to 20 mol % of an organic base claim 1 , and 0.1 to 20 mol % of an acid claim 1 , based in each case on propanal claim 1 , at a temperature of 100 to 300° C. and at a pressure of 5 to 100 bar.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amine-containing water of reaction is taken from the bottom of a distillation column and the rest of the bottoms is passed into a reaction space of a plant.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amine-containing water of reaction is a retentate from the bottoms of a distillation column which have been passed through a membrane separation stage.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amine-containing water of reaction is combusted in a thermal oxidizer consisting of a first zone comprising a burner claim 1 , a fuel supply and an air supply; a second claim 1 , oxidative zone; and a third claim 1 , reductive zone having an oxygen content less than 3% by volume claim 1 , wherein a transition between the first and second zone is at a point in the thermal oxidizer where a temperature in the thermal oxidizer falls below 1100° C. claim 1 , and wherein a transition between the second and third zone is at a point in ...

Thermochemical system and method

A thermochemical system & method may be configured to convert an organic feedstock to various products. A thermochemical system may include a solid material feed module, a reactor module, an afterburner module, and a solid product finishing module. The various operational parameters (temperature, pressure, etc.) of the various modules may vary depending on the desired products. The product streams may be gaseous, vaporous, liquid, and/or solid. 1. A thermochemical system comprising:a. an organic material feed module comprising a feed module conveying member providing motive force to move an organic feedstock from said solid material feed module; i. a reactor vessel positioned within a vessel shroud, wherein a reactor conveying member is positioned within said reactor vessel;', 'ii. a ventilation/combustion chamber defined as a space between said reactor vessel and said vessel shroud;', 'iii. a first horizontal section defining a first zone within said reactor vessel;, 'b. a reactor module comprisingc. a chimney engaged with said reactor module, wherein said chimney is in fluid communication with a portion of said ventilation/combustion chamber; i. a solid product conveying member;', 'ii. a solid product outlet; and,, 'd. a solid product finishing module comprisinge. an external heat source positioned adjacent said solid material feed module.2. A thermochemical method comprising the steps of:a. providing an organic material to an organic material feed module of a thermochemical system, said solid material feed module comprising a feed module conveying member providing motive force to move said organic feedstock from said solid material feed module;b. providing a first portion of thermal energy to said organic material via an external heat source, wherein said external heat source is positioned adjacent said solid material feed module; i. a reactor vessel positioned within a vessel shroud, wherein a reactor conveying member is positioned within said reactor vessel, ...

IMPLOSION REACTOR TUBE

An implosion reactor tube is provided, including: a receptacle body having a tube shape open at a first end; a cylinder positioned within the receptacle body; a mixing chamber at a second end of the receptacle body; the mixing chamber defined by a baffle; the baffle having a plurality of inner passages proximate to the cylinder allowing fluid passage through the baffle and a plurality of outer passages proximate to the receptacle body allowing passage of air and fuel through said baffle; a fuel and air inlet for allowing the air and fuel to enter the mixing chamber; and a flash igniter for igniting the air and fuel. 1. An implosion reactor tube comprising:a. a receptacle body having a tube shape open at a first end;b. a cylinder positioned within the receptacle body;c. a mixing chamber at a second end of the receptacle body; the mixing chamber defined by a baffle; the baffle having a plurality of inner passages proximate to the cylinder allowing fluid passage through the baffle and a plurality of outer passages proximate to the receptacle body allowing passage of air and fuel through said baffle;d. a fuel and air inlet for allowing the air and fuel to enter the mixing chamber; ande. a flash igniter for igniting the air and fuel.2. The reactor of wherein the cylinder is solid.3. The reactor of wherein the cylinder is hollow.4. The reactor of wherein the cylinder is configured to receive fuel destined for the mixing chamber.5. The reactor of wherein the cylinder is configured to pass material through the receptacle body.6. The reactor of wherein the inner passages are angled to direct the air and fuel passing therethrough at an angle to an axis of the receptacle body.7. The reactor of wherein the outer passages are angled to direct the air and fuel passing therethrough at an angle to an axis of the receptacle body.8. The reactor of wherein the angle of the outer passages and the angle of the inner passages is the same.9. The reactor of wherein feedstock is fed into ...

METHOD FOR GENERATING HEAT ENERGY AND ELECTRICAL ENERGY FROM VARIOUS TYPES OF WASTE AND SYSTEM FOR IMPLEMENTING SAID METHOD

A method including obtaining biogas, treated water and oxygen from sewage and various wastes; feeding a boiler: in a first step, with biogas and oxygen, and in a second step, with treated water supplied at a very high pressure to the injectors of the boiler, while maintaining an input of biogas; producing superheated steam at a temperature above 650° C. and low humidity in a heat exchanger heated by the boiler; driving, by the produced steam, a steam turbine connected to an electric generator; and condensing the steam from the turbine and recirculating it to the heat exchanger. 1. A method for generating thermal and electrical power from different wastes of the type comprising the use of a boiler to produce steam and feed said steam to a steam turbine that is connected to a generator: characterized in that it comprises:receiving sewage (AR) and various domestic and/or industrial wastes (RD) separately;purifying the sewage by separating solid wastes contained therein and processing the purified water to obtain treated water;obtaining hydrogen and oxygen from a portion of the treated water through an electrolysis process;obtaining biogas by a bio-digestion process of the organic fraction of the various wastes and from the solid wastes separated from the sewage;feeding a boiler: in a first step, with biogas and oxygen previously obtained from the wastes and the electrolysis process, until reaching a temperature of 600° C.; and in a second step, with treated water supplied at very high pressure to the boiler nozzles, retaining a minimum input of biogas, until reaching a temperature of 1200° C.producing superheated steam at a temperature above 650° C. and low humidity in a heat exchanger heated by the boiler;driving, by means of the steam produced, a steam turbine connected to an electric generator;condensing a certain volume of steam from the turbine and recirculating it to the heat exchanger to reuse it in a closed circuit, using the remaining steam from the turbine to ...

Mixed fuel vacuum burner-reactor

A mixed-fuel vacuum burner-reactor includes a primary combustion chamber having a conical interior and a first set of directing blades. The conical interior is connected to an intake manifold on one end and a reduction nozzle on the other end. Injectors are mounted perpendicularly to the reduction nozzle to inject a second fuel into the primary combustion chamber. The reduction nozzle is connected to a cylindrical secondary combustion chamber having a second set of directing blades configured to direct air into the secondary combustion chamber. Methods of efficiently burning mixed fuels in a triple-vortex vacuum burner-reactor are also disclosed. Vacuum conditions are created and fuels are introduced into a conical primary combustion chamber. The fuels are passed over a first set of directing blades to form three vortices before additional fuels are injected in a direction opposite to a direction of rotation of the first set of fuels.

Process and apparatus for covering the energy needs of communities using organic waste

A process and relating apparatus is provided which aim at producing industrially usable resultants from hydrocarboneous materials such as used rubber, plastic and municipal waste. The waste is subjected to oxygen-free pyrolysis in the presence of zeolite type catalyst during which gaseous and liquid hydrocarbons are produced with the process being tilted towards producing significantly more from the latter. The gaseous and liquid resultants are preferably further used via burning to provide heat for the pyrolysis and via combustion to generate electricity for preferred purposes respectively. 1. A process for converting hydrocarboneous feed material into liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons suitable for further processing via pyrolysis , said pyrolysis conducted in the presence of zeolite type catalyst in an oxygen-free environment , comprisingmixing the feed material previously shredded to less than 50 times 50 mm with zeolite type catalyst in an amount of 3-5% relative to its total weight in the absence of ambient air, subjecting the mixture to pyrolysis in three steps at a temperature from 450 to 650 degree C. for a residence time of between 10 minutes and 30 minutes while the pressure is maintained between −300 Pa and 300 Pa, continuously moving the feed material mixed with catalyst during the pyrolysis whereby different phases of the thermal destruction occur successively but separately in terms of space and time in three reaction chambers, removing the gaseous products evolved during the pyrolysis, condensing at least a portion of the evolved gases, purifying the condensed gases, storing the purified liquid fractions with different characteristics separately, using at least portion of the purified liquid as fuel for producing electricity, transferring the heat evolved during the electricity production, recycling the sludge subsided during the storage as feed material, cooling the non-condensed gases, burning the non-condensed gases to provide heat for the pyrolysis, ...

IMPROVED DIRTY WATER AND EXHAUST CONSTITUENT FREE, DIRECT STEAM GENERATION, CONVAPORATOR SYSTEM, APPARATUS AND METHOD

Embodiments of the present disclosure include a system, method, and apparatus comprising a direct steam generator configured to generate saturated steam and combustion exhaust constituents. 1. A system for generating steam , comprising:a direct steam generator configured to generate saturated steam and combustion exhaust constituents from feedwater;a close coupled heat exchanger fluidly coupled to the direct steam generator, the close coupled heat exchanger configured to route the saturated steam and combustion exhaust constituents through a condenser portion of the close coupled heat exchanger via a condenser side steam conduit and configured to condense the saturated steam to form a condensate;a pressure reducing device fluidly coupled with a condenser side condensate conduit of the close coupled heat exchanger condenser;a separation tank and water return system fluidly coupled to the pressure reducing device via an expansion conduit, wherein the separation tank and water return system is configured to separate the combustion exhaust constituents from the condensate; andan evaporator portion of the close coupled heat exchanger fluidly coupled with the separation tank and water return system via an evaporator side condensate conduit, wherein the evaporator portion is configured to evaporate the condensate from the separation tank and water return system via heat transfer between the condenser portion and evaporator portion of the close coupled heat exchanger to form steam.2. A system for generating steam , comprising:a direct steam generator;a feed conduit fluidly coupled to the direct steam generator configured for delivery of feedwater to the direct steam generator, wherein the feedwater includes organic and inorganic constituents;a fuel source fluidly coupled to the direct steam generator to provide power to operate the direct steam generator;at least one of an air conduit and an oxygen enriched air conduit fluidly coupled with the direct steam generator;a close ...

Pyrolytic gas processor and tire conversion system therefrom

A gas processor includes a burner chamber including a first end and a second end, a gas/fuel burner having an inlet receiving air and an inlet for receiving a first combustible gas including a nozzle providing a flame extending out from the nozzle. A syn-gas chamber including injection holes and a syn-gas feed line and a syn-gas nozzle plate is coupled between the second end of the burner chamber and the gas/fuel burner including over the nozzle, wherein syn-gas is directed by the injection holes into a path of the flame for combustion of the syn-gas. An air pipe having a plurality of air discharge ports extending from the first end to within the burner chamber having an air blower coupled thereto is configured to pump air into the burner chamber.

STAGGERED FIRING

The invention relates to a staggered firing for combustion of wet charge materials, consisting of the following steps: pre-combustion designed as a fluidized bed firing, heat transition in a heat exchanger, dust precipitation, and post-combustion. The staggered firing is characterized in that during the heat transition in the heat exchanger, exhaust gases from the pre-combustion are cooled and combustion air for pre-combustion is heated and then supplied to the pre-combustion. 1. Staggered firing for combustion of wet charge materials , comprising: pre-combustion designed as a fluidized bed firing , heat transition in a heat exchanger , dust precipitation , and post-combustion , characterized in that during the heat transition in the heat exchanger , exhaust gases from the pre-combustion are cooled and combustion air for pre-combustion is heated and then supplied to the pre-combustion.2. Staggered firing according to claim 1 , characterized in that the combustion air for pre-combustion and/or post-combustion is a mixture of fresh air and recirculated exhaust gas from the post-combustion.3. Staggered firing according to claim 1 , characterized in that the combustion air for pre-combustion in the heat exchanger is heated to at least 200° C. claim 1 , preferably to at least 400° C.4. Staggered firing according to claim 2 , characterized in that the fresh air is preheated for pre- and/or post-combustion in a further heat exchanger by exhaust gas from the post-combustion.5. Staggered firing according to claim 4 , characterized in that part of the thermal energy of the exhaust gas from post-combustion is used for preheating the combustion air before it enters the further heat exchanger.6. Staggered firing according to claim 5 , characterized in that the use of the thermal energy takes place in a dryer in which the moist charge materials are wholly or partially pre-dried.7. Staggered firing according to claim 6 , characterized in that the drying is carried out by means of ...

Intelligent Temperature Controller for Biofuel-Fired Burner

A controller monitors temperature in a bio-fuel fired device and automatically controls dampers, blowers and the like to reduce generation of smoke or other pollutants, thereby promoting proper operation of a catalytic converter. 1. A bio-fuel fire control system comprising:a first port configured to be coupled to a temperature sensor and to receive from the temperature sensor a signal indicating a temperature of exhaust gas from a bio-fuel fire;a second port configured to be coupled to an air handler that supplies air to the bio-fuel fire and to supply to the air handler a control signal that controls a rate at which the air handler supplies air to the bio-fuel fire; and repeatedly receive, via the first port, the signal indicating the temperature of the exhaust gas, thereby receiving a series of temperature level samples; and', compare the temperature level sample to a first predetermined value; and', generate a control signal configured to cause the air handler to increase the rate at which the air handler supplies air to the bio-fuel fire; and', 'send, via the second port, the generated control signal to the air handler., 'when, as a result of the comparison, the temperature level sample is found to be less than the first predetermined value], 'for each temperature level sample of at least some of the series of temperature level samples], 'a controller coupled to the first and second ports and configured to automatically2. A bio-fuel fire control system according to claim 1 , wherein the first predetermined value is about 213° F.3. A bio-fuel fire control system according to claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to automatically calculate a temperature at which moisture is exhausted by the exhaust gas from the bio-fuel fire and set the first predetermined value to the calculated temperature. This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/363,123, filed Nov. 29, 2016, titled “Intelligent Oxygen Level Controller for Biofuel-Fired ...

COMBUSTION PROCESS FOR FUEL CONTAINING VANADIUM COMPOUNDS

Oxycombustion process wherein low ranking, gaseous, liquid, solid, optionally solid melting hydrocarbon fractions are used as fuels, having a vanadium content in an amount by weight from 50 to 5,000 ppm or higher, for producing energy, wherein magnesium is added as oxide, or as a water-soluble salt, the combustor being refractored and isotherm or quasi isotherm, flameless, working at temperatures comprised between 1,250° C. and 1,450° C. and under pressurized conditions, wherein the oxidant is oxygen, the oxidant being used in admixture with water or steam such that the ratio by moles oxidant:(water-steam) is comprised between about 1:0.4 and about 1:3 or the oxidant is used in admixture with flue gases recycled from the flue gases outletting the energy recovery equipments, wherein the water amount is higher than 30% by volume, optionally by adding water, the molar ratio oxidant:(water/steam) in flue gases being comprised from about 1:0.4 to about 1:3; the low ranking hydrocarbon fraction containing vanadium is fed in admixture with water or steam, such that the amount of water/steam in the mixture is at least 30% by weight with respect to the hydrocarbon fraction. 1. Oxycombustion process wherein low ranking , gaseous , liquid , solid , optionally solid melting hydrocarbon fractions used as fuels , having a vanadium content in an amount by weight from 50 to 5 ,000 ppm or higher , wherein magnesium is added as oxide , or as a magnesium compound forming MgO in the combustion process , the combustor being refractored and isotherm or quasi-isotherm , flameless , operating at temperatures in the range 1 ,250°-1 ,450° C. and under pressurized conditions , wherein the oxidant is oxygen the oxidant being used in admixture with water or steam such that the ratio by moles oxidant:(water-steam) is comprised between about 1:0.4 and about 1:3 or the oxidant is used in admixture with recycled flue gases , coming from the flue gases outletting the energy recovery equipments , ...

Process for producing liquid fuel from waste hydrocarbon and/or organic material, reactor, apparatus, uses and managing system thereof

There are provided processes for producing liquid fuels from a mainly organic starting material with a reduced content in water and/or with a reduced content in solids. The mainly organic starting material can be at least partially liquified and optionally further dewatered. The obtained at least partially liquid fraction can be thereafter used as feeding stream that is submitted to a pyrolysis treatment resulting in a solid gas fraction allowing the recovering of a liquid fuels after a controlled liquid solid separation treatment. There are also provided various other processes for producing liquid fuel from waste hydrocarbon and/or organic material as well as reactors, apparatuses, uses and managing systems thereof.

Mineral Additive Blend Compositions and Methods for Operating Waste to Energy Combustors for Improving their Operational Performance and Availability, Protecting Combustor Materials and Equipment, Improving Ash Quality and Avoiding Combustion Problems

Mineral additives and a method for operating a waste-to-energy furnace are provided in order to improve its operational performance and availability, increase the lifetime of the combustor building materials (refractory walls and heat-exchanger metallic tubes) and flue gas treatment equipment, improve ash quality, reduce emissions and avoid combustion problems such as agglomeration, slagging, deposition, and corrosion. A method for operating a waste-to-energy furnace, such as a fluidized bed reactor, pulverized-fuel combustor, grate combustor includes introducing mineral additive into the furnace. The method further includes heating at least a portion of the mineral additive either intimately in contact with the fuel, such that the ability of mineral additive to induce crystallization of the surface of forming ashes is enhanced, or minimizing the contact of the mineral additive with the fuel and the forming ashes, such that the solid-gas reactions between the mineral additive and the volatile compounds in the flue gas are favored and the mineral additive power to capture at least a portion of the inorganic volatile compounds present in the furnace is enhanced.

METHOD AND FACILITY FOR INCINERATING, MELTING AND VITRIFYING ORGANIC AND METAL WASTE

The method according to the invention enables a facility having a rather reduced dimension, for incinerating to be used, melting and vitrifying mixed waste () introduced into a reactor (), by means of a basket () in turn passing through an air lock (). Plasma torches () burn all waste () contained in the basket (). The waste is then lowered in a melting bath of a furnace () with an inductor () including a crucible-forming container (). A combustion gas treatment train completes the facility. The furnace () can be dismantled, after a series of treatments of several baskets () of waste () for disassembling the crucible-forming container () from the furnace (). Application in treating different radiologically contaminated and/or toxic mixed waste. 16-. (canceled)730. A method for incinerating , melting and vitrifying mixed waste () including metal and organic waste and likely to contain mineral materials , on the one hand , and radiologically contaminated and/or toxic waste , on the other hand ,characterised in that it comprises the following steps of:{'b': 10', '18', '12', '10', '30', '18, 'introducing in an oxygen plasma medium incinerating reactor with a cold or warm metal wall (), by means of a basket () of glass fibre, through an air lock () opening into the reactor (), waste () placed in a bag, said bag being placed in the basket ();'}{'b': 30', '10, 'incinerating waste () in the reactor ();'}{'b': 30', '18', '20', '23', '20', '10, 'melting residual fractions derived from the incineration of waste () and the basket (), in an induction furnace (), of the type with melting in a crucible-forming container (), this furnace () being placed below the reactor ();'}vitrifying molten residual fractions into a glass matrix;{'b': '18', 'repeating this cycle for each basket ();'}{'b': 20', '23, 'dismantling the furnace () and disassembling the crucible-forming container ().'}8. The method according to claim 7 , characterised in that it consists in treating the residual gases ...

Method for Generating or Recovering Materials through Smoldering Combustion

Methods are provided for generating or recovering gaseous materials such as hydrogen and solids such as metals through the smoldering combustion of an organic material. The methods include admixing a porous matrix material with an organic material, and, in some embodiments a catalyst, to produce a porous mixture. The mixture is exposed to an oxidant, initiating a self-sustaining smoldering combustion of the mixture, and collecting the vapors and combustion products or processing the porous matrix following combustion to physically separate the porous matrix material from ash containing inorganic materials of value. Additional embodiments aggregate the organic material or catalyst or porous matrix material or mixture thereof in an impoundment such as a reaction vessel, lagoon or matrix pile. Further embodiments utilize at least one heater to initiate combustion and at least one air supply port to supply oxidant to initiate and maintain combustion. 1. A method for producing and collecting a byproduct through smoldering combustion of an organic material , the method comprising:forming a porous mixture comprising an organic material and an inorganic material;heating at least a portion of the mixture;forcing an oxidant through the mixture so as to initiate a self-sustaining smoldering combustion of the organic material and to cause the production of the solid byproduct; andcollecting the byproduct.2. The method of claim 1 , where the organic material is selected from the group consisting of a liquid claim 1 , a slurry claim 1 , a semi-solid claim 1 , a solid claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.3. The method of claim 1 , where the porous mixture further comprises a porous matrix and the organic material is a liquid.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising causing propagation of the combustion away from a point of initiation of the smoldering combustion.5. The method of claim 1 , where the components of the porous mixture are aggregated in one of a reaction vessel claim 1 ...

HYDROTHERMAL CARBONIZATION METHOD AND DEVICE WITH OPTIMISED SLUDGE AND STEAM MIXING

A method of continuous hydrothermal carbonization of sludge containing organic matter involves a step of hydrothermal reaction carried out in a reactor, and at least one cooling step in which the sludge having undergone the hydrothermal reaction step is cooled. The hydrothermal reaction step includes: a step of injection of sludge in which the sludge is injected into the reactor by a first inlet; a step of injection of steam in which steam is injected into the reactor by a second inlet, the second inlet being distinct from the first inlet; a step of circulation, in which a mixture consisting of the sludge and the steam injected into the reactor is placed in circulation within the reactor; a step of continuous extraction of at least a portion of the mixture contained in the reactor by a sludge outlet. Also disclosed is a device for carrying out such a method. 24. The method as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a step of preheating in which the temperature of the sludge prior to its injection into the reactor () is raised up to a temperature of preheating.3. The method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the temperature of preheating is greater than 100° C. claim 2 , and wherein the pressure of the sludge during the preheating step is greater than 0.1 MPa.446. The method as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a step of heating of water in which heat contained in the sludge extracted from the reactor () is transferred to water by means of a heat exchanger () claim 1 , and in which the water so heated is used to produce the steam used during the step of steam injection.544. The method as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a step of injection of reagent in which a reagent claim 1 , especially an acid claim 1 , is injected into the reactor () in order to maintain the pH of the sludge contained in the reactor () at a value less than 6.644. The method as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a step of injection of reagent in which a reagent claim 1 , especially ...

MEMBRANE METHOD PROCESSING SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR HIGH-CONCENTRATION SALT-CONTAINING ORGANIC WASTE LIQUID INCINERATION EXHAUST GAS

A membrane method processing system and process for a high-concentration salt-containing organic waste liquid incineration exhaust gas is described. The system consists essentially of a waste liquid incinerator (I), a gas-solid separator (II), a heat exchanger (III), an air blower (IV), an anti-caking agent storage tank (V), a membrane method dust cleaner (VI), an induced draft fan (VII), a check valve (VIII), and a desulfurization tower (IX). The present invention introduces the dust collecting membrane into the tail gas treatment system and utilizes the small pore size and high porosity of the dust collecting membrane to prevent inorganic salt particles from entering the internal of the filter material and agglomerating there. When the humidity of the gas entering the dust collector increases during the dust removing process, the anti-caking agent is also introduced into the tail gas treatment system to change the surface structure of the inorganic salt crystal to prevent the crystal from agglomeration. 1. A membrane system for treating incineration tail gas of a high-concentration salt-containing organic waste liquid consisting essentially ofa waste liquid incinerator (I), a gas-solid separator (II), a heat exchanger (III), an air blower (IV), an anti-caking agent storage tank (V), a membrane dust collector (VI), an induced draft fan (VII), a one-way valve (VIII) and a desulfurization tower (IX);{'b': 1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '10, 'wherein the membrane dust collector (VI) in a cylindrical shape and includes the following components: temperature and humidity sensors (), anti-caking agent nozzle(s) (), a membrane dust collector inlet (), the dust collecting membrane (), a pore board (), an ash bucket (), a middle box (), an upper box (), an insulating and heating device () and a backflush device ();'}{'b': 1', '2', '3', '1', '2', '2', '3', '7', '5', '7', '8', '4', '5, 'wherein the temperature and humidity sensors () and the anti-caking agent ...

REACTOR FOR HYDROTHERMAL CARBONIZATION WITH OPTIMIZED MIXTURE OF SLUDGE AND STEAM

Disclosed is a reactor for treating, particularly by hydrothermal carbonization, sludge containing organic matter, including, with: 2. The reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the inner chamber is of vertical dimension L claim 1 , and wherein the steam injection zone is separated from the sludge introduction zone by a distance greater than L/12 claim 1 , preferably greater than L/8 claim 1 , more preferably greater than L/4.32. The reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the steam injection direction is against the sludge circulation direction () in the steam injection zone.46. The reactor according to claim 1 , further comprising a circulator () arranged to circulate the sludge in the inner chamber along the circulation path.5810. The reactor according to claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 , in an upper portion of the inner chamber claim 1 , a degassing volume () arranged to collect gaseous effluents contained in the sludge claim 1 , the reactor further comprising at least one vent () arranged to discharge these gaseous effluents.69100. The reactor according to claim 1 , further comprising at least one orifice () arranged to inject the acid to the vessel ().710010124. The reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the vessel () comprises a wall () arranged to separate two parts of the circulation path having opposing sludge circulation directions ( claim 1 , ).8101. The reactor according to claim 7 , wherein the wall () forms a tube.921014101bb. The reactor according to claim 4 , wherein the inner chamber comprises an inner space () located inside the tube () and an outer space () located outside the tube () claim 4 , the reactor being arranged:{'b': 2', '101', '101, 'i': 'b', 'so that the steam injection zone is located in a lower region of the inner space () of the tube (), the lower region comprising a first end of the tube (),'}{'b': 6', '2', '101', '101, 'i': 'b', 'so that the circulator () is located, at least in part, in an upper region of the inner space () ...

HIGH POWER DENSITY INSULATED EXHAUST HEATING SYSTEM

A heating apparatus for a fluid flow system having a fluid conduit includes at least one heater element and a support member within the conduit. The at least one heater element includes a resistance wire, a sheath, and an electrically insulating material. The sheath has a closed profile shape that extends along a tortuous path through the container body and surrounds the resistance wire along the tortuous path. The insulating material is disposed about the wire between the wire and the sheath. The support member restricts movement of the at least one heater element relative to the fluid conduit. The support member defines a corrugated geometry that follows the tortuous path while contacting the sheath along a majority of a length of the sheath. The support member increases heat transfer from the at least one heater element to a fluid flowing through the fluid conduit. 1. A heating apparatus for an exhaust gas system having a container body , the heating apparatus comprising:at least one heater element within the container body, the at least one heater element including a resistance wire, a sheath, and an insulating material, the sheath having a closed profile shape that extends along a spiral path through the container body and surrounds the resistance wire along the spiral path, the insulating material disposed about the resistance wire between the resistance wire and the sheath; anda support member disposed inside the container body and configured for restricting movement of the at least one heater element in the container body, the support member including a strip that defines a tortuous geometry that follows the spiral path while contacting the sheath along a majority of a length of the sheath,wherein the insulating material electrically insulates the resistance wire from the sheath,wherein the support member increases heat transfer from the at least one heater element to an exhaust gas flowing through the container body.2. The heating apparatus according to ...

Waste to Energy By Way of Hydrothermal Decomposition and Resource Recycling

A method and an apparatus for disposing wastes comprising the steps of conducting a hydrothermal decomposition reaction of the wastes, separating the products into a solid fuel and waste water, combusting the solid fuel, scrubbing the combustion gas, generating steam using the heat generated by the combustion, and purifying the waste water, exhibit a high energy-efficiency, while exhibiting a high removal rate of the pollutants generated during the combustion.

ENERGY-SAVING SLUDGE DRYING DISPOSAL SYSTEM

An energy-saving sludge drying disposal system is provided. The disposal system includes a vacuum heating unit, an incinerating unit, a vacuum cooling unit and a molten salt heat exchanging unit. The vacuum cooling unit includes a high-temperature gas inlet, a condensed water outlet, a low-temperature gas outlet, a low-temperature liquid inlet and a medium-temperature liquid outlet. The high-temperature gas inlet of the vacuum cooling unit is connected with the vacuum heating unit. The incinerating unit includes an incinerator, an incineration gas inlet, a combustion-supporting gas inlet, a flue gas discharge outlet, a cold molten salt inlet and a hot molten salt outlet. The incineration gas inlet is connected with the low-temperature gas outlet of the vacuum cooling unit. The molten salt heat exchanging unit includes a cold molten salt outlet, a hot molten salt inlet, a medium-temperature liquid inlet and a high-temperature liquid outlet. 1. An energy-saving sludge drying disposal system , comprising: a vacuum heating unit and an incinerating unit , and further comprising a vacuum cooling unit and a molten salt heat exchanging unit;wherein the vacuum heating unit comprises a tank, a heating chamber provided in the tank and longitudinally coaxial with the tank, a gas-liquid separating device provided in the tank and arranged above the heating chamber, and a mixed gas outlet connected with the gas-liquid separating device and arranged on the top wall of the tank; the heating chamber comprises an outer shell, an inner shell, a heating cavity provided between the outer shell and the inner shell, a sludge inlet provided at one side wall of the inner shell, a sludge outlet provided at another side wall of the inner shell, a spiral compression device provided in an inner cavity of the inner shell in a penetrating manner and corresponding to the sludge inlet and the sludge outlet respectively at both ends, a water inlet provided at one side wall of the heating chamber, and ...

System and Integrated Method For Treatment of Tailings From Bitumen Extraction Process

A system and method for treating tailings from a bitumen froth treatment process such as TSRU tailings. The tailings are dewatered to at least 50 wt percent solids content, and then combusted to convert kaolin in the tailings into metakaolin. Calcined fines and heavy minerals may be recovered from the combustion products, namely from the flue gas or bottom ash or both. A trafficable deposit may be formed from the ash when mixed with tailings, such as mature fine tailings (MFT).

WASTE SLUDGE INCINERATOR USING PYROLYSIS AND GASIFICATION, AND RELATIVE PROCESS

The present invention relates to reaction equipment for the treatment of organic and/or inorganic waste of refineries or petrochemical plants comprising: •—a drying and pyrolysis device () which rotates around its longitudinal, tilted rotation axis (A), •—a gasification device () which rotates around its longitudinal, horizontal rotation axis (B), •—a combustion device () comprising a burner () having a longitudinal horizontal axis (C), •—at least one settling chamber () for the collection of intermediate solid residues and the accumulation of intermediate gaseous reaction products, •—at least one outlet duct of the gaseous end-products (), at least one outlet duct of the solid end-products (), and at least one inlet duct of the feedstock () •—said combustion device (), drying and pyrolysis device (), gasification device () are physically separated and positioned on three different levels, •—the longitudinal rotation axis (A) of the drying and pyrolysis device () is tilted with respect to both the longitudinal rotation axis (B) of the gasification device () and also with respect to the longitudinal axis (C) of the combustion device (), •—the longitudinal rotation axis (B) of the gasification device () is parallel to the longitudinal axis (C) of the combustion device (), •—the combustion device () is in fluid communication with the drying and pyrolysis device (), •—the drying and pyrolysis device () comprises, in its interior, a first indirect heat exchange device () in which the combustion fumes coming from the combustion device () flow, •—at least one settling chamber () in fluid communication with said drying and pyrolysis device () and with said gasification device () and with said combustion device (), •—conveying means () are positioned in the settling chamber () and put the drying and pyrolysis device () in fluid communication with the gasification device, •—it comprises a second heat exchange device () in fluid communication with the first indirect heat ...

PROCESS FOR THE INCINERATION OF ACTIVATED COAL-SUPPORTED PGM CATALYSTS

A process for the incineration of activated coal-supported PGM catalysts, the process comprising a joint incineration of a multilayer arrangement, wherein the multilayer arrangement includes (i) a top layer of particulate activated coal-supported PGM catalyst, (ii) a layer of coarse charcoal located beneath said top layer and, optionally, (iii) a layer of particulate coke located beneath the charcoal layer, and wherein an upward flow of oxidizing gas is homogeneously passed through said multilayer arrangement during the incineration. 1. A process for the incineration of activated coal-supported PGM catalysts , the process comprising a joint incineration of a multilayer arrangement ,wherein the multilayer arrangement comprises (i) a top layer of particulate activated coal-supported PGM catalyst, (ii) a layer of coarse charcoal located beneath said top layer and, optionally, (iii) a layer of particulate coke located beneath the charcoal layer, andwherein an upward flow of oxidizing gas is homogeneously passed through said multilayer arrangement during the incineration.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the particulate activated coal-supported PGM catalyst comprises one or more activated coal-supported PGM catalysts.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the particulate activated coal-supported PGM catalyst comprises particles of 2 mm to 2 cm measured in the longest dimension.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the thickness of the top layer prior to the incineration lies in the range of 30 to 100 cm.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein a total PGM content of the particulate activated coal-supported PGM catalyst lies in the range of 0.1 to 5 wt.-%.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the particulate activated coal-supported PGM catalyst comprises 0 to 3 wt.-% of aluminum oxide and/or silicon dioxide.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the particulate activated coal-supported PGM catalyst comprises an exhausted catalyst.8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the particulate ...

Reaction chamber for supercritical water oxidation reactor

Fuel mixed in water is combusted in a reactor having an internal operating pressure and temperature greater than 3200 psi and greater than 374° C., where the combustion of the fuel is exothermic. Air and fuel are pressurized for introduction into the reactor to a pressure greater than the internal operating pressure using energy generated from the combustion of the fuel, and the pressurized air and the pressurized fuel are injected into the reactor. Pressurized water from the reactor is injected into a drive water column that is partially filled with water to increase a pressure of the drive water column, and water at a temperature less than 100° C. is injected into the reactor to replace water from the reactor that is injected into the drive water column. Pressurized water from the drive water column is used to drive a hydroelectric drive system to produce electrical power.

Process and device for continuous treatment of high-concentration organic wastewater

The present invention provides a process for continuous treatment of high-concentration organic wastewater and a device for continuous treatment of high-concentration organic wastewater. The process of the present application is that: high-concentration organic wastewater is continuously separated through the synergistic interaction of a multilayer evaporator and a heat pump, and the generated wastewater steam containing light components is continuously subjected to desulfurization and catalytic combustion after being mixed with air in a gaseous form, the treated wastewater can meet discharge standards, and heavy components of the generated wastewater can be recycled. After the desulfurizing agent in a first desulfurizer and the catalyst in a first catalytic combustor are deactivated, the generated wastewater steam containing the light components can be switched to a second desulfurizer and a second catalytic combustor for reaction, and air can be introduced into the deactivated catalyst and desulfurizing agent for in-situ regeneration at a high temperature.

Combustion apparatus

Disclosed herein is a combustion apparatus which comprises a chamber having a apertured rotatable tubular auger mounted between end walls of the chamber to convey particulate material from the region of the chamber proximate the feed inlet to the combustion gas outlet and a blower connected to the opposite end of the tubular auger and configured to blow gas into the bore of the auger and out through the apertures into the chamber.

METHODS AND PRODUCTS FOR SOLIDIFICATION AND DISPOSAL OF FLUID MEDICAL WASTE

Methods and products for cleanup of fluid medical waste. In one illustrative embodiment, a product may include coconut coir in a loose granulated grade, a compressed pellet grade, or mixture thereof allowing users to choose between grades more ideal for their application while achieving the same results of absorbing and solidifying all human waste and fluids for safe removal and disposal. In a second illustrative embodiment, a product may include coir in a proportion of from about 85% to about 99% and a suitable microbe for initiating bioremediation in an appropriate form in a proportion of from about 20% to about 1%, by weight. 1. (canceled)2. A method of disposing of fluid medical waste , comprising:selecting a product comprising coconut coir;absorbing liquid medical waste with the selected product to solidify the medical waste; anddisposing of the solidified medical waste.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein selecting a product comprising coconut coir comprises selecting a product comprising loose granulated coconut coir claim 2 , coconut coir formed into compressed pellets claim 2 , or a mixture of loose granulated and coconut coir compressed pellets.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the loose granulated coconut coir has a moisture content of from about 15% to about 20% HO and a density of from about 7 lbs/cubic foot to about 12 lbs/cubic foot.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the compressed pellets have a density of from about 20 lbs/cubic foot to about 35 lbs/cubic foot.6. The method of claim 3 , wherein the compressed pellets have varying diameters from about ⅛ inch to about ½ inch.7. The method of claim 2 , wherein selecting a product comprising coconut coir comprises selecting a product comprising coconut coir and at least one type of microbe for bioremediation of the medical waste.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein selecting a product comprising coconut coir and at least one type of microbe for bioremediation of the medical waste comprises selecting a ...

Burn pit flare tip structure

A robust, thermally and structurally sound burn pit flare tip structure is disclosed of refractory brick construction capable of resisting the high temperature of 1800° C. and associated fluctuations. The burn pit is capable of prolonged continuous operation and reduces the previously experienced downtime and frequent failures.

INDUSTRIAL HIGH-TEMPERATURE REFORMER AND REFORMING METHOD

An industrial high temperature reformer and the reforming method in which a temperature of the reforming furnace is maintained at 1000° C. or higher by burning the coke, and a temperature of at least an upper half of the reforming furnace is maintained at 1200° C. or higher by burning the syngas, thereby producing syngas at a capacity of 500 m/hour or more by reforming all carbonaceous feedstock which is supplied to the reforming furnace. 1. An industrial high temperature reforming method comprising:a first step of supplying coke to the reforming furnace;a second step of supplying a first oxygen to the reforming furnace, and maintaining a temperature of the reforming furnace at 1000° C. or higher by burning the coke with the first oxygen;a third step of supplying steam to the reforming furnace;a fourth step of maintaining a temperature of at least an upper half of the reforming furnace at 1200° C. or higher by burning at least one of a gas mixture and a first syngas, with a second oxygen; anda fifth step of supplying carbonaceous feedstock to the reforming furnace, and generating a second syngas by reforming the carbonaceous feedstock,wherein the gas mixture is generated through the burning of the coke and the steam, and the first syngas is supplied to the reforming furnace.2. The industrial high temperature reforming method of claim 1 , wherein the oxygen used to burn the coke at the second step is supplied via a lower section of the reforming furnace claim 1 , and the oxygen used to burn at least one of the gas mixture and the first syngas at the fourth step is supplied via a mid-section of the reforming furnace.3. The industrial high temperature reforming method of claim 1 , wherein the first syngas at the fourth step is part of the second syngas generated at the fifth step claim 1 , and the high temperature syngas generated at the fifth step pyrolyzes the carbonaceous feedstock and is then cooled.4. The industrial high temperature reforming method of claim 1 , ...

Regeneration rotary kiln

Provided is a regeneration rotary kiln capable of reducing the proportion of combustible gas in waste gas and capable of reducing cost for generating superheated steam. A regeneration rotary kiln ( 1 ) is characterized by including: a superheated steam generation unit ( 2 ) that generates superheated steam; a tube ( 3 ) capable of rotating about its axis and having a heating section (A) where, while the superheated steam is being supplied thereto, carbon fiber reinforced plastic ( 10 ) containing a matrix resin and carbon fibers is heated to generate combustible gas ( 10 G) from the matrix resin to extract the carbon fibers ( 10 S) from the carbon fiber reinforced plastic ( 10 ); a first combustion chamber ( 43 a ) that is placed outside the tube ( 3 ) and that burns the gas ( 10 G) introduced from the heating section (A) to heat the heating section (A); and a second combustion chamber ( 43 b ) that burns the gas ( 10 G) introduced from the first combustion chamber ( 43 a ) to supply heat for generating the superheated steam.

Waste energy recovery system

A waste energy recovery system includes a furnace for the combustion of charcoal, tree branches, wood and/or waste wood furniture under lean oxygen, cooling water filters, dry purifiers, and an exhaust fan for creating a negative pressure in the furnace, the cooling water filters and the dry purifiers such that the loaded charcoal, tree branches, wood and/or waste wood furniture are smoldered in the furnace and decomposed into oil, smoke and dust mixed gas, enabling the oil, smoke and dust mixed gas to be cooled down and separated into crude tar and inflammable gas after entered the cooling water filters. Thus, the waste energy recovery system effectively separates smoke and oil for recycling without emitting soot or using any fuel material that can cause pollution hazards.

INTEGRATED TREATMENT METHOD OF TWO-STAGE SUBMERGED COMBUSTION EVAPORATION FOR ORGANIC WASTE LIQUID

The present disclosure relates to an integrated treatment method of two-stage submerged combustion evaporation for organic waste liquid, the organic waste liquid to be disposed flowing into two evaporation chambers in succession for two-stage submerged combustion evaporation. The two evaporation chambers are provided in one evaporation tank and communicate with each other at the bottom of the evaporation tank, the organic waste liquid enters a first evaporation chamber from a raw liquid inlet pipe, and the organic waste liquid flows from the first evaporation chamber to a second evaporation chamber during submerged combustion evaporation. The method has advantages of improving the evaporation concentration efficiency, reducing the numbers of evaporators and transport pipes of all sorts of gases and liquids and saving energy, saving the area occupied and the cost, while simplifying treatment process and facilitating operation management. 1. An integrated treatment method of two-stage submerged combustion evaporation for organic waste liquid , the organic waste liquid to be disposed flowing into two evaporation chambers in succession for two-stage submerged combustion evaporation , wherein ,the two evaporation chambers are provided in one evaporation tank and communicate with each other at the bottom of the evaporation tank, the two evaporation chambers are divided via a partition, there is a gap reserved between the partition and the bottom of the evaporation tank, the organic waste liquid enters a first evaporation chamber from a raw liquid inlet pipe, and the organic waste liquid flows from the first evaporation chamber to a second evaporation chamber via the gap during submerged combustion evaporation,the bottom of the evaporation tank is designed as an inclined structure, so that the height of the bottom of the evaporation tank in the vicinity of both sides of the partition enables the organic waste liquid in the first evaporation chamber to flow into the second ...

A WASTEWATER PURIFICATION SYSTEM

A wastewater purification system includes first purification equipment () for receiving wastewater and for outputting first time purified wastewater and sludge, and second purification equipment () for receiving the first time purified wastewater and for outputting second time purified wastewater and purification residue. The second purification equipment is based on the reverse osmosis and/or nanofiltration technology. The wastewater purification system further includes combustion equipment () for burning the sludge so as to produce heat, and dryer equipment () for drying the purification residue with the aid of the produced heat. Hence, the sludge produced by the first purification equipment is used for producing heat for drying the purification residue which is produced by the reverse osmosis and/or nanofiltration technology and whose initial water content is so high that it is problematic to be disposed of without drying. 115-. (canceled)16. A wastewater purification system comprising:first purification equipment for receiving wastewater and for outputting first time purified wastewater and first sludge,second purification equipment for receiving the first time purified wastewater and for outputting second time purified wastewater and purification residue having water content higher than that of the first sludge, the second purification equipment comprising at least one of the following for purifying the first time purified wastewater:one or more reverse osmosis devices, one or more nanofiltration devices,combustion equipment for burning the first sludge so as to produce heat, anddryer equipment for drying the purification residue with the aid of the heat produced by the combustion equipment.17. A wastewater purification system according to claim 16 , wherein the second purification equipment comprises:a first purification device for receiving the first time purified wastewater and for outputting a first part of the second time purified water and intermediate ...

Method and apparatus for improved firing of biomass and other solid fuels for steam production and gasification

A ground supported single drum power boiler is described combining a refractory lined and insulated V-Cell floor; refractory lined and insulated combustion chamber; integrated fuel chutes configured to pre-dry wet solid fuel; top mounted fuel bin; internal chamber walls; configurable combustion air systems; and a back pass with after-burner ports and cross flow superheaters. The boiler can be configured in pre-assembled modules to minimize the field construction time and cost. An alternative embodiment is adaptable as a gasifier.

Gasifier and incinerator for biomass sludge destruction

A device for gasifying biomass sludge having particle size less than 1 cm, and 20% to 100% solids content has a primary chamber, a fume transfer vent, a mixing chamber which accepts fumes from the primary chamber, and an afterburner chamber in fluid communication with the mixing chamber. A secondary burner produces an initial heating flame within a vertical portion of the afterburner chamber. A heat transfer chamber is in fluid communication with the afterburner chamber. Heated gases from the afterburner chamber cause heating of the heat transfer chamber. The primary chamber has a heat conductive floor superimposed over the heat transfer chamber so that conductive and convective heating of the primary chamber occur. At least one primary auger is located crosswise in the primary chamber between a sludge feed hopper and an ash hopper. The heat transfer chamber underlies the primary auger near the end at the ash hopper.

Processing apparatus for waste material including sludge

Methods and apparatuses for detection of properties of fluid conveyance systems

A system and method for monitoring and/or detecting the flow of one or more fluids in a fluid system including leak detection system integral to the fluid system (e.g., at any point along a conduit, at a connection between conduits such as at a fitting assembly, etc.) configured to detect incipient, early stage levels of the leak. Based on one or more factors related to the fluid and/or the leak, the methods, devices, and systems disclosed herein can provide an indication of a suitable action or process in response to the fluid or the leak including performing preventative maintenance or providing an indication of the need of maintenance in response to the leak.

Chemical reactors with annularly positioned delivery and removal devices, and associated systems and methods

Chemical reactors with annularly positioned delivery and removal devices, and associated systems and methods. A reactor in accordance with a particular embodiment includes a reactor vessel having a light-transmissible surface proximate to a reaction zone, and a movable reactant delivery system positioned within the reactor vessel. The reactor can further include a product removal system positioned within the reactor vessel and positioned annularly inwardly or outwardly from the delivery system. A solar concentrator is positioned to direct solar radiation through the light-transmissible surface to the reaction zone.

Chemical reactors with annularly positioned delivery and removal devices, and associated systems and methods

Chemical reactors with annularly positioned delivery and removal devices, and associated systems and methods. A reactor in accordance with a particular embodiment includes a reactor vessel having a light-transmissible surface proximate to a reaction zone, and a movable reactant delivery system positioned within the reactor vessel. The reactor can further include a product removal system positioned within the reactor vessel and positioned annularly inwardly or outwardly from the delivery system. A solar concentrator is positioned to direct solar radiation through the light-transmissible surface to the reaction zone.

Reactors for conducting thermochemical processes with solar heat input, and associated systems and methods

Reactors for conducting thermochemical processes with solar heat input, and associated systems and methods. A representative system includes a reactor having a reaction zone, a reactant source coupled in fluid in communication with the reactant zone, and a solar concentrator having at least one concentrator surface positionable to direct solar energy to a focal area. The system can further include an actuator coupled to the solar concentrator to move the solar concentrator relative to the sun, and a controller operatively coupled to the actuator. The controller can be programmed with instructions that direct the actuator to position the solar concentrator to focus the solar energy on the reaction zone when the solar energy is above a threshold level, and point to a location in the sky having relatively little radiant energy to cool an object when the solar energy is below the threshold level.

Reactors for conducting thermochemical processes with solar heat input, and associated systems and methods

Reactors for conducting thermochemical processes with solar heat input, and associated systems and methods. A system may include a reactor having a reaction zone, a reactant source coupled in fluid in communication with the reactant zone, and a solar concentrator having at least one concentrator surface positionable to direct solar energy to a focal area. The system can further include an actuator coupled to the solar concentrator to move the solar concentrator relative to the sun, and a controller operatively coupled to the actuator. The controller can be programmed with instructions that, when executed, direct the actuator to position the solar concentrator to focus the solar energy on the reaction zone when the solar energy is above a threshold level, and direct the actuator to position the solar concentrator to point to a location in the sky having relatively little radiant energy to cool an object positioned at the focal area when the solar energy is below the threshold level.

Reactor vessels with pressure and heat transfer features for producing hydrogen-based fuels and structural elements, and associated systems and methods

Reactor vessels with pressure and heat transfer features for producing hydrogen-based fuels and structural elements, and associated systems and methods. A representative reactor system includes a first reaction zone and a heat path, a reactant source coupled to the first reaction zone, and a first actuator coupled to cyclically pressurize the first reaction zone. A second reaction zone is in fluid communication with the first, a valve is coupled between the first and second reaction zones to control a flow rate therebetween, and a second actuator is coupled in fluid communication with the second reaction zone to cyclically pressurize the second reaction zone. First and second heat exchangers direct heat from products to reactants in the reaction zones. A controller controls the first and second actuators in a coordinated manner based at least in part on a flow rate of the second product from the second reaction zone.

METHOD AND FURNACE FOR INCINERATING ORGANIC MATTER DERIVED FROM THE TREATMENT OF INDUSTRIAL OR AGRICULTURAL WASTE OR WASTEWATER, SUCH AS SLUDGE

A method for incinerating organic matter derived from the treatment of wastewater, or of industrial or agricultural waste, such as sludge and notably treatment plant sludge, is in a fluidized-bed incineration furnace, the furnace including a chamber in the lower part of which there is a bed of particles, preferentially sand, constituting a fluidization zone, in which fluidization zone the organic matter is introduced as fuel whilst air is injected as oxidizer into the bed of sand from a wind box through a fluidization dome surmounting the box. The air passes through passages made in the fluidization dome, and the furnace is configured to treat a nominal value of volume of organic matter to be treated. The method includes a step of adjusting the volume of the fluidization zone as a function of the volume of organic matter to be treated in which, when the volume of organic matter to be treated is lower than the nominal value, the volume of the fluidization zone is reduced from an initial volume to a reduced volume, and the incoming air flow is reduced by closing air passages so only the passages opening into the thus reduced fluidization zone are left active. 1. A method for incinerating , organic matter trapped in a mineral and/or liquid matrix issued from the treatment of waste water , industrial or agricultural waste , in a fluidised bed incineration furnace , the method comprising:the furnace comprising an enclosure in a lower part of which there is a bed of particles, comprising a fluidisation zone, introducing the organic matter as fuel into the fluidisation zone while injecting air as an oxidant into the bed from a wind box through a fluidisation dome on top of the box, the air passing through passages provided in the fluidisation dome;treating a nominal value of volume of the organic matter to be treated in the furnace;adjusting the volume of the fluidisation zone and a flow rate of the air coming into the fluidisation zone as a function of the volume of the ...

HIGH POWER DENSITY INSULATED EXHAUST HEATING SYSTEM

An exhaust gas heating unit for an engine includes a housing and a heating element. The housing includes a tubular peripheral wall and has an interior hollow space. The heating element has first and second ends and extends longitudinally therebetween to form a spiral shape within the interior hollow space. The heating element includes a thermally conductive sheath, an electrically conductive resistance element that extends longitudinally within the external sheath, and an electrically insulating material disposed about the resistance element between the resistance element and the sheath. A heat transfer member is positioned within the interior hollow space and is formed from one or more strips of thermally conductive material. The strips contact the external sheath at a plurality of locations between the first end and the second end. The heat transfer member has a corrugated shape that follows the spiral shape of the heating element. 1. An exhaust gas heating unit for an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine , the exhaust gas heating unit comprising:a tubular housing comprising an outer peripheral wall defining a tubular shape and having an interior hollow space; and an external sheath, the external sheath formed of a thermally conductive material;', 'an electrically conductive resistance element that extends longitudinally within the external sheath; and', 'electrically insulating material disposed about the resistance element between the resistance element and the sheath; and, 'a heating element that has a first end and a second end and extends longitudinally between the first end and the second end to form a spiral shape within the interior hollow space, wherein the heating element comprisesa heat transfer member positioned within the interior hollow space, the heat transfer member being formed from one or more strips of thermally conductive material,wherein the one or more strips contact the external sheath at a plurality of locations between the first ...

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측면 이동 시스템을 구비한 수평으로 배향된 가스화기

가스화를 통해 도시 고체 폐기물을 포함한느 탄소 함유 공급물의 생성 가스로의 효율적인 전환을 위한 방법 및 장치가 기재되어 있다. 더욱 상세하게는, 가스화기를 통해 물질을 이동시키기 위한 하나 이상의 측면 이동 시스템을 구비한 수평으로 배향된 가스화기가 제공되며, 이에 의해 가스화 공정의 수평 팽창을 허용하여, 공급물 건조, 휘발성화, 및 숯-대-재 전환을 순차적으로 촉진시킬 수 있게 한다.

Reactors for conducting thermochemical processes with solar heat input, and associated systems and methods

태양열 입력을 이용한 열화학적 과정을 수행하기 위한 반응기, 및 관련 시스템과 방법이 개시된다. 구체적인 실시예에 따른 시스템은, 반응 영역을 갖춘 반응기, 반응 영역과 유체 연통식으로 결합되는 반응물 소스, 및 태양 에너지를 집속 영역에 안내하도록 위치설정 가능한 적어도 하나의 집열기 표면을 갖는 태양열 집열기를 포함한다. 상기 시스템은, 태양에 대해 태양열 집열기를 이동시키도록 태양열 집열기에 결합되는 액추에이터, 및 액추에이터에 작동 가능하게 결합되는 제어기를 더 포함할 수 있다. 제어기는, 실행될 때, 태양 에너지가 문턱값 레벨을 초과하는 경우 반응 영역에 태양 에너지를 집속시키도록 액추에이터를 안내하여 태양열 집열기를 위치설정하는 명령, 그리고 태양 에너지가 문턱값 레벨 미만인 경우, 집속 영역에 위치설정된 대상물을 냉각하기 위해 태양열 집열기가 비교적 적은 복사 에너지를 갖는 창공의 위치를 향하도록 액추에이터를 안내하여 태양열 집열기를 위치설정하는 명령으로 프로그래밍될 수 있다. Reactors for carrying out thermochemical processes using solar input, and related systems and methods are disclosed. A system according to a specific embodiment includes a solar collector having a reactor with a reaction zone, a reactant source in fluid communication with the reaction zone, and at least one collector surface that is positionable to direct solar energy to the focusing zone. . The system may further include an actuator coupled to the solar collector to move the solar collector with respect to the sun, and a controller operably coupled to the actuator. The controller, when executed, directs the actuator to position the solar collector to focus the solar energy in the reaction zone when the solar energy exceeds the threshold level, and when the solar energy is below the threshold level, The solar collector may be programmed with instructions to position the solar collector by directing the actuator to face the location of the expanse with relatively little radiant energy to cool the positioned object.

毛管現象を利用した廃液燃焼装置

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Method for thermochemical processing and disposal of solid milled substances containing hydrocarbon and installation for its implementation

FIELD: technological processes.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of thermochemical processing and utilization of solids containing hydrocarbons, and may find application in gasification installations for substances containing hydrocarbons. This method includes the introduction of a substance and a gasifying agent into the reaction chamber, the implementation of the processes of forming a gasifying agent, heating, thermal decomposition, gasification of the introduced substance, purification and separation of gasification products. Introduction of the substance and gasification processes, including the processes of forming a high-temperature gasifying agent, heating, thermal decomposition, gasification of the substance to produce a vapor-gas mixture, its purification, are carried out in two stages. Said first stage is carried out in at least two primary reaction chambers, and the second stage is carried out in the main reaction chamber. Further, the processes carried out in the primary reaction chambers are implemented in the formed high-temperature highly swirling radial flows in a field with a high radial static pressure gradient, moving with an increase in the axial velocity component. And the processes carried out in the main reaction chamber and in the devices for forming gasifying agents are implemented in formed high-temperature highly swirling flows, moving with opposite axial velocities, in a field with a high radial static pressure gradient, highly developed anisotropic turbulence and intense acoustic oscillations.EFFECT: technical result is to increase the efficiency of the process.14 cl, 1 tbl, 6 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 677 177 C1 (51) МПК F23G 7/00 (2006.01) F23C 6/04 (2006.01) C10J 3/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК F23G 7/00 (2018.05); F23C 6/04 (2018.05); C10J 3/00 (2018.05) (21)(22) Заявка: 2018108375, 06.03.2018 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока ...

Fluidized bed sludge incinerator

슬러지 처리용 에너지 효율 시스템 및 공정

본 발명은 수처리로부터 슬러지를 가수분해하고, 최적의 무산소성 소화를 위하여 가수분해된 슬러지를 컨디셔닝하기 위한 장치 및 공정을 제공한다. 상기 방법은 탈수된 슬러지를 생산하는 탈수 단계, 증기 공급 공정에서 탈수된 슬러지를 가수분해하는 단계, 가수분해 전에 슬러지-대-슬러지 열전달을 통해 탈수된 슬러지를 예열하는 단계, 및 슬러지-대-물 열전달과 물 주입을 통해 슬러지를 냉각 및 희석하는 단계, 및 가수분해된 슬러지를 무산소로 소화시키는 단계를 포함한다. 상기 제공되는 장치는 일반적으로 수직인 상반된 흐름의 슬러지-대-슬러지 열교환기, 가수분해 반응기 또는 및 이와 관련된 증기의 공급처, 슬러지-대-물 열교환기, 및 희석 유닛을 포함한다. 온도 및 압력 센서는 공정을 제어하기 위하여 다양한 가변 유량 펌프 및 밸브에 명령하도록 구성된다.

Structural scheme and environmentally safe method of processing wastes and biomass to increase efficiency of generating electric power and heat

FIELD: ecology; waste processing and recycling. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method and structural scheme of environmentally safe processing of wastes and biomass to increase efficiency of electric power and heat generation. According to structural scheme of invention solid household and industrial wastes and biomass are loaded and crushed, then subjected to pyrolysis and gasification. Obtained pyrolysis gas is cooled, purified and carbon dioxide is extracted therefrom, then purified pyrolysis gas is compressed and stored along with synthesis gas, which are used to generate electric power and heat, and generated electric power and heat are supplied to external consumers. Heat formed when cooling pyrolysis gas is then used to generate additional electric power. During pyrolysis and gasification there is melting and formation of basalt-like slag, which is processed and used to produce heat-insulating materials or granulated slag. Carbon dioxide, extracted from exhaust gases formed during production of electric power and heat, is compressed, stored together with carbon dioxide extracted from pyrolysis gas, and after distribution and dispensing, on one side, is supplied as plasma-forming gas into plasmatrons, on other side, is used for production of commercial products from carbon dioxide for external consumers, on third side is used as a feed medium for growth of algae. Seed material is loaded and algae is grown using sources of light and heat and carbon dioxide. Produced biodiesel is cleaned, stored and simultaneously with purified pyrolysis gas is used to produce electric power and heat, and biomass squeeze is returned to beginning of process. Biomass and oil from algae obtained when producing liquid biofuel, as commercial positions, are supplied to external consumers. Furthermore, in order to expand range of processed wastes simultaneously with beginning of process, coal dust is loaded, then synthesis gas is generated using heat, followed by compression of ...

Plant for preparation of solid fuel for combustion

FIELD: energy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to heat engineering and can be used for preparation of solid fuel for combustion in heat power plants (HPP). Plant for preparation of solid fuel for combustion contains technologically interconnected: a raw fuel channel, a raw fuel bin, a dewatering device connected with a hot air channel, a fuel store bin, a grinding device, a fuel feed channel connected with the fuel store bin. Solid fuel used for combustion is dried oily sludge from chemical treatment of water, herewith the channel and the bin of raw fuel represent a channel and a bin of wet oily sludge from chemical treatment of water (CTW) in the form of a mixture of separated oil products and waste sludge from CTW after treatment of waste waters of heat power plants from oil products, a the fuel store bin is a dried oily sludge from CTW store bin. Solid fuel used for combustion can be dried oily sludge from CTW with the moisture content of 3-4 % and the particle size of not more than 1.5 mm. EFFECT: invention simplifies the process scheme of fuel economy of HPP on solid fuel due to a simplified design of the plant for preparation of solid fuel for combustion, expands the range and reduces the cost of solid fuel, thus reducing the cost of produced electric and heat energy owing to recycling of chemical water treatment oily sludge, herewith using the HPP wastes - separated oil products and used CTW sludge after treatment of waste waters of heat power plants from oil products. 1 cl, 1 dwg, 1 tbl РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 601 399 C2 (51) МПК F23K 1/00 (2006.01) F23G 7/00 (2006.01) F23B 99/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2015100599/06, 12.01.2015 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 12.01.2015 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.08.2016 Бюл. № 22 (45) Опубликовано: 10.11.2016 Бюл. № 31 (73) Патентообладатель(и): Федеральное государственное бюджетное ...

Method for preparation of third generation composite mineral-organic biofuel

FIELD: fuel. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of biofuel based on renewable organic material and may be used for purpose of transportation industry and power engineering. Method for preparation of third generation composite mineral-organic biofuel is provided by homogenisation of two-component mineral-organic mixture by ultrasonic cavitation processing of biomass of microalgae. Organic component of biofuel is condensed part of vapour-gas fraction of fast pyrolysis products, which include molecules in amount of more than 5 atoms of carbon and oxygen, biomass of microalgae. Condensation of organic component is carried out continuously during homogenisation of two-component mixture by cooling in contact with mineral component and ultrasonic cavitation treatment in a stream, enclosed in narrow channel adjacent to an ultrasonic emitter. Size of cross section of channel in direction perpendicular to active planes of emitter is 2/4 to 3/4 of its size in direction parallel with its active planes. Thermal energy released as a result of cooling and condensation of vapour-gas fraction is extracted through heat-conducting walls of reservoir with help of external heat carrier flow. EFFECT: technical result is improved efficiency of using organic algae mass in production of third generation composite mineral of organic biofuel on basis of ultrafine emulsions. 4 cl, 2 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 600 950 C1 (51) МПК F23G 5/027 (2006.01) F23G 7/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2015119177/03, 22.05.2015 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 22.05.2015 (45) Опубликовано: 27.10.2016 Бюл. № 30 (73) Патентообладатель(и): Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Всероссийский научноисследовательский институт электрификации сельского хозяйства" (ФГБНУ ВИЭСХ) (RU) 2 6 0 0 9 5 0 R U (54) СПОСОБ ПРИГОТОВЛЕНИЯ КОМПОЗИТНОГО МИНЕРАЛЬНО-ОРГАНИЧЕСКОГО ...

the fuel supplying system of the rotary incineration system using vehicle waste or waste wood

본 발명은 폐기물을 이용한 발전기용 회전 연소로 시스템에 관한 것으로, 더욱 구체적으로는 자동차 폐기물 또는 폐 목재를 이용한 발전기용 회전 연소로에 장착되는 연료 공급 시스템에 관한 것이다. 본 발명은 연소판(100), 고체연료 투입구(200), 점화장치(400), 공기공급장치(500), 연소가스 배출부(600), 케이싱(1000)을 포함한 자동차 폐기물 또는 폐 목재를 이용한 발전기용 회전 연소로 시스템에 장착되며, 고체연료 투입장치(200), 연료투입부(210), 연료공급저장부(220), 연료공급조절부(230), 회전모터부(240), 온도센서부(250), 제어부(260)를 포함하여 구성되어 있는 연료 공급 시스템을 제공한다. 또한 본 발명은 상기 연료공급조절부(230)는 회전조절부(231) 및 회전축(232)를 포함하여 구성되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 연료 공급 시스템을 제공한다. 또한 본 발명은 상기한 회전조절부(231)는 회전모터부(240)에 의하여 연결되어 있으며, 회전모터부의 회전력을 회전조절부(231)로 전달하여 연료의 공급을 조절하는 기능을 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 연료 공급 시스템을 제공한다. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rotary combustion furnace for a generator using waste, and more particularly to a fuel supply system mounted on a rotary combustion furnace for a generator using automobile waste or waste wood. The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a solid waste fuel using automobile waste or waste wood including a combustion plate 100, a solid fuel injection port 200, an ignition device 400, an air supply device 500, a combustion gas discharge portion 600, And is installed in a rotary combustion furnace system for a generator, The fuel supply unit 220, the fuel supply control unit 230, the rotation motor unit 240, the temperature sensor unit 250, the control unit 260, and the control unit 260. The solid fuel injection device 200, the fuel injection unit 210, the fuel supply storage unit 220, And a fuel supply system. The fuel supply control unit 230 may include a rotation control unit 231 and a rotation shaft 232. The present invention is characterized in that the rotation regulating unit 231 is connected to the rotation motor unit 240 and controls the supply of fuel by transmitting the rotation force of the rotation motor unit to the rotation regulating unit 231 To the fuel supply system.

一种铝灰无害化处理方法

本发明公开了一种铝灰无害化处理方法，包括如下步骤：（1）在回转炉加入钙系列化合物并热炉渣作为初始热源，采取直接加热的方式热处理，温度控制在900‑1200℃；（2）启动回转炉使其开始按照设定的转速进行转动，同时逐步加入上述所收集的细铝灰，并以3‑5m³/小时通入压缩空气，辅助炉内充分燃烧；（3）当回转炉连续转动燃烧3‑6小时直到金属铝完全燃烧后，停止转动；（4）经完全燃烧后的铝灰送至冷灰系统进行降温；（5）待铝灰冷却到常温后用即为无害化的铝灰，该铝灰直接用吨袋包装，可作为混凝土路面砖、耐火材料的原料使用。本发明的处理方法处理量大，除氟效率高，不排含氟废水，无二次污染和设备腐蚀等问题，基建费用和运行费用都较低。

이중 순환식 유동층 연소장치

본 발명은 이중 순환식 유동층 연소장치에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 일반가정이나 공장 등에서 버려지는 하수 슬러지와 같이 80∼90％정도의 함수율을 갖는 폐기물을 완전하게 소각 처리할 수 있는 이중 순환식 유동층 연소장치에 관한 것으로, 하수 슬러지를 상부측으로 분사하는 폐기물 공급수단과, 하수 슬러지를 연소시키는 연소수단과, 하수 슬러지를 유동 및 분사시키는 공기공급수단과, 하수 슬러지의 연소효율을 높이기 위한 유동사 순환수단으로 구성된 특징이 있다.

一种污泥干化焚烧系统及其焚烧工艺

本发明提供了一种污泥干化焚烧系统及其焚烧工艺，污泥干化焚烧系统包括泥灰混合器、污泥造粒机、预热器、污泥干化床、多段焚烧炉、汽水分离器和废气净化装置；泥灰混合器通过第一污泥给料装置与污泥造粒机连接，污泥造粒机通过输料机与预热器连接，预热器依次通过第二污泥给料装置、污泥摊铺机与污泥干化床连接，污泥干化床通过螺旋输送式喂料机与多段焚烧炉连接；多段焚烧炉的出气口与预热器的进气口和污泥干化床的进气口均通过管道连接，预热器的出气口和污泥干化床的出气口均通过管道与汽水分离器的进气口连接，汽水分离器的出气口与多段焚烧炉的进气口和废气净化装置的进气口均通过管道连接。本工艺实现了污泥干化、焚烧、废气的一体化处理。

INSTALLATION OF PREPARATION OF SOLID FUEL FOR BURNING

1. Установка подготовки твердого топлива к сжиганию, содержащая технологически соединенные между собой тракт сырого топлива, бункер сырого топлива, обезвоживающее устройство, соединенное с трактом горячего воздуха, бункер запаса топлива, измельчающее устройство, тракт топливоподачи, соединенный с бункером запаса топлива, отличающаяся тем, что в качестве твердого топлива для сжигания использован высушенный замазученный шлам химводоочистки, при этом тракт и бункер сырого топлива представляют собой тракт и бункер влажного замазученного шлама химводоочистки (ХВО) в виде смеси уловленных нефтепродуктов и отработанного шлама ХВО после очистки сточных вод тепловых электрических станций от нефтепродуктов, а бункер запаса топлива представляет собой бункер запаса высушенного замазученного шлама ХВО.2. Установка подготовки твердого топлива к сжиганию по п. 1, отличающаяся тем, что в качестве твердого топлива для сжигания использован высушенный замазученный шлам химводоочистки с влажностью 3-4% и размером частиц не более 1.5 мм. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (51) МПК F23K 1/00 (13) 2015 100 599 A (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2015100599, 12.01.2015 Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 12.01.2015 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.08.2016 Бюл. № 22 (72) Автор(ы): Николаева Лариса Андреевна (RU), Хамзина Диана Айратовна (RU) A 2 0 1 5 1 0 0 5 9 9 R U Стр.: 1 A (57) Формула изобретения 1. Установка подготовки твердого топлива к сжиганию, содержащая технологически соединенные между собой тракт сырого топлива, бункер сырого топлива, обезвоживающее устройство, соединенное с трактом горячего воздуха, бункер запаса топлива, измельчающее устройство, тракт топливоподачи, соединенный с бункером запаса топлива, отличающаяся тем, что в качестве твердого топлива для сжигания использован высушенный замазученный шлам химводоочистки, при этом тракт и бункер сырого топлива представляют собой тракт и бункер влажного ...

Incinerating method for organic chloride group waste

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

A kind of sludge drying and incineration system and its treatment process

本发明公开了一种污泥干化焚烧系统及其处理工艺，涉及了污泥处理技术领域，旨在解决现有污泥干化焚烧设备成本投入大、复杂程度高的问题，其技术要点在于：包括干化系统、焚烧系统及烟气处理系统，所述干化系统对湿污泥进行加热减量处置，所述焚烧系统将干化系统干化后的污泥进行焚烧处理，同时提供高温烟气给干化系统使用，并且所述干化系统、焚烧系统排出的尾气经烟气处理系统处理后达标排放。本发明可提高污泥半干化的热工效率，实现污泥干化、焚烧、废气的一体化处理，极大地实现了固废的再生和利用。

Green building materials circulation industrial park system

本发明涉及一种绿色建材循环产业园系统，依托水泥窑，包括生活垃圾处置单元、建筑垃圾处置单元、餐厨垃圾处置单元、危险废弃物处置单元以及污泥处置单元，建筑垃圾通过建筑垃圾处置单元把可燃料送至生活垃圾处置单元，处置后的成品物料作为水泥原料送入水泥窑，所述餐厨垃圾处置单元分别与生活垃圾处置单元和水泥窑相连，所述危险废弃物处置单元与水泥窑相连，所述污泥处置单元与水泥窑相连。采用这样的结构后，通过建立绿色建材循环产业园，将城市生活垃圾、建筑垃圾、餐厨垃圾、危险废弃物及污泥完全无害化、减量化及资源化协同到水泥窑线，最大限度地做到多种废弃物处置和综合利用。

A Method of Firebox Temperature Control for Achieving Carbon Monoxide Emission Compliance in Industrial Furnances with Minimal Energy Consumption

본 발명은 소각 배출물이 정부의 규제에 부합하고 운전비용 및 자본이 최소화되도록 산업 폐기물 소각공정의 소각온도를 제어하는 새로운 방법을 제공하는 것이다. 배출물 및 폐기물 스트림의 변화에 따라 소각온도를 조절함으로써 소각공정 및 그 결과에 의한 소각배출이 최적으로 그리고 신뢰성있게 제어된다. 그 결과, 자본 및 운전비용이 현저하게 감소된다. The present invention provides a new method of controlling the incineration temperature of an industrial waste incineration process so that the incineration emissions comply with government regulations and minimize operating costs and capital. By adjusting the incineration temperature in response to changes in emissions and waste streams, the incineration process and the resulting incineration emissions are optimally and reliably controlled. As a result, capital and operating costs are significantly reduced. 산업폐기물 소각 Industrial waste incineration

Method of elimination of large-size solid rocket fuel charges

FIELD: fuel. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to elimination of large-size solid rocket fuel charges in the bench, namely to methods of burning channel solid propellant charges directly in rocket engines housings. Method of elimination of large-sized charges attached to the housing without the nozzle cluster is performed by combustion on a horizontal bench with supply of a disperse fluid into the charge channel from the side of the front bottom through spraying modules. Fluid supplied into the charge channel is water in finely dispersed or vapour state. EFFECT: invention reduces the content of toxic substances in the combustion products, particularly of molecular chlorine. 1 cl, 1 dwg, 1 tbl РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 604 612 C1 (51) МПК F42B 33/00 (2006.01) F42D 5/04 (2006.01) F23G 7/00 (2006.01) F23B 90/00 (2011.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2015124615/03, 23.06.2015 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 23.06.2015 (45) Опубликовано: 10.12.2016 Бюл. № 34 (73) Патентообладатель(и): Акционерное общество "Федеральный научно-производственный центр "Алтай" (RU) 2 6 0 4 6 1 2 R U (54) СПОСОБ ЛИКВИДАЦИИ КРУПНОГАБАРИТНЫХ ЗАРЯДОВ ТВЕРДОГО РАКЕТНОГО ТОПЛИВА (57) Реферат: Изобретение относится к области ликвидации стенде с подачей дисперсной жидкости в канал крупногабаритных зарядов твердого ракетного заряда со стороны переднего днища через топлива на стенде, а именно к способам сжигания распылительные модули. В качестве жидкости в канальных зарядов твердого ракетного топлива канал заряда подают воду в мелкодисперсном непосредственно в корпусах ракетных двигателей. или парообразном состоянии. Изобретение Способ ликвидации крупногабаритных зарядов, позволяет уменьшить содержание токсичных скрепленных с корпусом, без соплового блока веществ в продуктах сгорания, в особенности осуществляют путем сжигания на горизонтальном молекулярного хлора. 1 ил., 1 табл. Стр.: 1 C 1 C 1 Адрес ...

Low heat value mud three change processes technique and device

本发明公开了一种低热值污泥三化处理工艺及装置，该装置包括污泥干燥系统、等离子体旋风焚烧装置、风烟系统、烟气余热回收系统、排渣系统、除尘系统、烟囱，污泥干燥系统的出料口连接等离子体旋风焚烧装置的进料口，等离子体旋风焚烧装置的排气口连接烟气余热回收系统进气口，烟气余热回收系统的排气口连接污泥干燥系统与除尘系统的进气口，污泥干燥系统的排气口连接等离子体旋风焚烧装置的进料口，除尘系统的排气口连接烟囱，等离子体旋风焚烧装置的排渣口连接排渣系统，除尘系统的排灰口连接等离子体旋风焚烧装置的进料口。本发明能够低能耗的处理低热值污泥，且产物可直接工业化应用，实现了污染物零排放，有效提高了环保水平。

Energy efficient system and process for treating sludge

본 발명은 수처리로부터 슬러지를 가수분해하고, 최적의 혐기성 소화를 위하여 가수분해된 슬러지를 컨디셔닝하기 위한 장치 및 공정을 제공한다. 상기 방법은 탈수된 슬러지를 생산하는 탈수 단계, 증기 공급 공정에서 탈수된 슬러지를 가수분해하는 단계, 가수분해 전에 슬러지-대-슬러지 열전달을 통해 탈수된 슬러지를 예열하는 단계, 및 슬러지-대-물 열전달과 물 주입을 통해 슬러지를 냉각 및 희석하는 단계, 및 가수분해된 슬러지를 혐기 소화시키는 단계를 포함한다. 상기 제공되는 장치는 일반적으로 수직인 상반된 흐름의 슬러지-대-슬러지 열교환기, 가수분해 반응기 또는 및 이와 관련된 증기의 공급처, 슬러지-대-물 열교환기, 및 희석 유닛을 포함한다. 온도 및 압력 센서는 공정을 제어하기 위하여 다양한 가변 유량 펌프 및 밸브에 명령하도록 구성된다. The present invention provides an apparatus and process for hydrolyzing sludge from a water treatment and conditioning the hydrolyzed sludge for optimal anaerobic digestion. The method comprises the steps of: dewatering to produce dehydrated sludge; hydrolyzing dehydrated sludge in a steam feed process; preheating dehydrated sludge through sludge-to-sludge heat transfer prior to hydrolysis; Cooling and diluting the sludge through heat transfer and water injection, and anaerobic digesting the hydrolyzed sludge. The provided apparatus includes a source of a generally perpendicular, opposing sludge-to-sludge heat exchanger, a hydrolysis reactor, and associated vapors, a sludge-to-water heat exchanger, and a dilution unit. Temperature and pressure sensors are configured to command various variable flow pumps and valves to control the process.