НАГРЕВАТЕЛЬНАЯ УСТАНОВКА И СПОСОБ НАГРЕВАНИЯ

... 1. Нагревательная установка, содержащая первый контур (К1) циркуляции, содержащий первую среду, второй контур (К2) циркуляции, содержащий вторую среду, и первое вырабатывающее теплоту устройство в виде теплового насоса (2), названного первым тепловым насосом, расположенного в первом контуре (К1) циркуляции для нагревания первой среды в первом контуре (К1) циркуляции, отличающаяся тем, что нагревательная установка дополнительно содержит третий контур (К3) циркуляции, содержащий третью среду, теплообменник (40), названный первым теплообменником, который расположен в третьем контуре (К3) циркуляции и который подсоединен между конденсатором (2d) и расширительным клапаном (2f) первого теплового насоса для передачи теплоты от рабочей среды первого теплового насоса к третьей среде в третьем контуре (К3) циркуляции, и второе вырабатывающее теплоту устройство в виде теплового насоса (3), названного вторым тепловым насосом, расположенного с возможностью нагревания второй среды во втором контуре ( ...

СИСТЕМА ПЕРЕНОСА ТЕПЛА

ТЕПЛОНАСОСНАЯ СУШИЛКА И СПОСОБ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ЕЕ РАБОТОЙ

... 1. Способ управления работой теплонасосной сушилки (1), содержащей контур для обрабатывающего воздуха и теплонасосный блок (5), включающий в себя основной испаритель (6) хладагента для охлаждения обрабатывающего воздуха (4), основной конденсатор (7) хладагента для подогрева обрабатывающего воздуха (4), вспомогательный испаритель (16) хладагента, расположенный за пределами контура для обрабатывающего воздуха и подсоединенный между основным испарителем (6) хладагента и компрессором (8) теплонасосного блока (5), и, по меньшей мере, один вспомогательный вентилятор (18), служащий для направления потока воздуха на вспомогательный испаритель (16) хладагента, отличающийся тем, что включение и выключение, по меньшей мере, одного вспомогательного вентилятора (16) производят блоком (20) управления в соответствии, по меньшей мере, с одним из указанных ниже параметров:- температурой и/или давлением хладагента, измеряемыми предпочтительно на выходе (9) основного испарителя (6) хладагента или вблизи указанного ...

EINRICHTUNG ZUR NUTZUNG DER ABWAERME EINER KAELTEANLAGE

KÜHL- UND GEFRIERANLAGE.

VOR VEREISUNG GESICHERTE VERDAMPFERANORDNUNG FUER WAERMEPUMPEN ZUR AUFNAHME VON WAERME AUS DER UMGEBUNGSLUFT

Heat pump device

A heat pump device which is constructed as a two-circuit system enables especially high temperatures to be reached, due to a special arrangement of heat exchangers. ...

Verfahren zum Heizen vermittels mechanischer Energie

Kombiniertes Kühl- und Heizsystem

Kombiniertes Kühl- und Heizsystem, umfassend: einen Wasserstoffspeicher (20); wobei das kombinierte Kühl- und Heizsystem zum Erwärmen einer ersten Vorrichtung (26) durch den Wasserstoffspeicher (20) beim Beladen des Wasserstoffspeichers (20) mit Wasserstoff ausgeführt ist; wobei das kombinierte Kühl- und Heizsystem zum Kühlen einer zweiten Vorrichtung (1) durch den Wasserstoffspeicher (20) beim Entladen des Wasserstoffspeichers (20) ausgeführt ist; wobei die erste Vorrichtung (26) zum Ausführen eines endothermen Prozesses ausgeführt ist; und wobei die zweite Vorrichtung (1) zum Ausführen eines exothermen Prozesses ausgeführt ist; wobei die zweite Vorrichtung (1) als Brennstoffzellensystem ausgeführt ist; und wobei das kombinierte Kühl- und Heizsystem zum Kühlen eines Brennstoffzellenprozesses des Brennstoffzellensystems ausgeführt ist.

KÄLTEANLAGE

Water refrigerating cycle with additional heat exchanger - has heat exchanger fitted between compressor discharge and condenser entry

The refrigerating cycle with additional heat exchanger uses the heat content of the cooling water leaving the exchanger. The drinking water requirements are maintained, so that the water can be used for food processing purposes. The layout consists of a compressor (1) discharging refrigerant gas into a condenser (2). The liquified refrigerant passes through an expansion valve (3) into an evaporator (4) and back to the compressor. An additional heat exchanger (5) is fitted between the compressor discharge and condenser entry. A drinking water pipe enters the heat exchanger in counter flow to the refrigerant. The two sets of pipes are mounted with good thermal conduction into the block-shaped exchanger.

Heat exchanger to utilise waste water heat - has collection vats for cold and hot water and heat pump on hot water vat

The heat exchanger (W) has a heat pump, and consists of two connected collection vats (A,B), which may be connected via two or more pipe lines (13-19) with valves (1-4), to a warm water inlet (12), and a water outlet (8). The vats contain evaporation units resp. serpentine pipes (20,21) of the heat exchanger system (7). The units are connected to the system via simultaneously or alternately connectable pipes. The warm water inlet consists of fall pipe, which branches into feed pipes (13,14) for the individual vats. The pipes contain trip valves (1,3). The water outlet consists of a pipe, connected to the sewage system, and incorporates the outlets (15-17) from the vats.

VERFAHREN ZUM ENTEISEN EINER WAERMEPUMPE

Wärmepumpeneinrichtung mit Enteisungsfunktion

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Wärmepumpeneinrichtung (1) mit einem ersten Verdampfer (11), einem Kondensator (20), einem Kältemittel (21), einer Drossel (30), die derart ausgestaltet ist, dass das Kältemittel (21) in beiden Flussrichtungen expandieren kann, einem Kompressor (22), dessen Rücklauf (101) und Zulauf (102) mit einem ersten 4-Wege-Ventil (51) verbunden sind, wobei die Drossel (30) über Leitungen (100) mit dem ersten 4-Wege-Ventil (51) und dem ersten Verdampfer (11) verbunden ist, und wobei der erste Verdampfer (11) wenigstens über eine Leitung (100) mit dem ersten 4-Wege-Ventil (51) verbunden ist. Aufgabe der Erfindung ist, die Jahresarbeitszahl und die Jahres-Leistungszahl der Wärmepumpeneinrichtung zu erhöhen, sowie eine Vorrichtung bereitzustellen, die erhöhten Komfortansprüchen gerecht wird. Die Lösung soll kostengünstig, zuverlässig und einfach handhabbar sein. Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass der Kondensator (20) zwischen dem Kompressor (22) und dem ersten 4-Wege-Ventil ...

Einrichtung für regenerative Energieumwandlung

Combined cooling and heating system for use in aircraft, is designed for heating two devices by loading hydrogen storage with hydrogen, where one device implements endothermic process and other implements exothermic process

The combined cooling and heating system has a hydrogen storage (20), and is designed for heating two devices (1,26) by loading the hydrogen storage with hydrogen. One device (26) is designed for implementing an endothermic process and the other device (1) is designed for implementing an exothermic process. The devices are arranged in a mobile system. The hydrogen storage is designed as metal hydride storage. An independent claim is also included for a method for heating and cooling two devices by a combined cooling and heating system, involves heating one device and cooling the other device by the hydrogen storage by loading the hydrogen storage.

Hot drink machine, particularly coffee machine, has water reservoir, from which water is removed, where water reservoir is heated by heating device, and cold fluid supply is cooled by cooling device on temperature below ambient temperature

The hot drink machine (10) has a water reservoir (12), from which the water is removed, where the water reservoir is heated by a heating device (28). A cold fluid supply (14) is cooled by a cooling device (20) on a temperature below the ambient temperature. The cooling device has a cooling circuit (16) with a compressor (17), a capacitor line (18) and a return line (25) which is guided by a throttle valve (23) to the compressor. The capacitor line is guided by the compressor to the throttle valve. The capacitor line extends partially through the water reservoir.

Heizungs- und Kühlanlage

Heating and Cooling Apparatus

A heating and cooling apparatus for heating and/or cooling an object comprises a plate 4 for supporting the object, a heater having a heating element 5 to heat the plate, a vapour compression refrigeration system 6, 7, 8, 9 with an evaporator through which a refrigerant flows to cool the plate, means to sense the temperature (fig 2: 12a, 12b, 12c) of the plate and/or the object, and the temperature of the heating element and/or the evaporator, and control means 11. The apparatus is intended to supply range of operating temperatures extending both above and below ambient to the object. Ideally, a cylinder 3, below the plate and in contact with the plate, contains the electrical heating element 5 and a refrigeration coil 6 such that the heating element and refrigeration coil are in direct physical contact which each and the plate. The cylinder may also comprise a magnetic stirrer 10. Ideally, the control of the temperature of the plate is achieved by positioning the heater element substantially ...

Air conditioning apparatus and relay unit

Hybrid heat pump boiler system

Improvements in and relating to water heating and room cooling systems

... 731,261. Refrigerating; hot-water supply systems; heating water. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd. March 19, 1952 [March 20, 1951], No. 7105/52. Classes 29, 64 (1) and 64 (3). [Also in Group XXXV] In a water-heating and roomcooling system comprising a compressor-condenser-evaporator refrigerating system, the condenser 76 heats water in a vertical vessel 50 the upper and lower parts of which are connected by conduits 33, 37 to the upper and lower parts of a vertical water storage tank 15 so that there is a thermosiphon circulation, and the evaporator 49 cools the room air. A thermally actuated valve 89 is arranged in the conduit 33. The valve 89 is closed, except for a small aperture, until a predetermined temperature in the conduit 33 has been reached. The tank 15 has a cold water supply pipe 36 and a hot water outlet 31, which is also connected to a waste pipe 140 through a solenoidactuated valve 137 normally held closed by a spring. A three-way valve 69 allows the conduit 37 or the chamber ...

Heating and cooling apparatus

Apparatus for providing three separate functions of heating, cooling, and simultanous heating and cooling

AIR CONDITIONER SYSTEM WITH REFRIGERANT CONDITION DETECTION FOR REFRIGERANT RECOVERING OPERATION

AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM FOR AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLES

... 1446571 Ejectors; ventilating vehicles A OPHIR and J WEINBERG 26 Sept 1973 [3 Oct 1972] 45157/73 Headings F4H and F4V A motor vehicle air conditioning system in the form of a closed ejector type refrigeration system is powered by utilizing the waste heat from either the engine water-cooling system or the engine exhaust gases. The refrigeration system comprises a generator 54 connected indirectly with the vehicle engine cooling or exhaust gas system 52 for heating a refrigerant gas, preferably a halogenated hydrocarbon, passing through the generator; an ejector 62 through which the gas passes under pressure from the generator to a condenser 64; an evaporator 70 with an associated expansion valve 68 in communication with the low pressure side of the ejector 62; and a direct return line including a pump 72 from the condenser 64 to the generator 54. The evaporator is located in the passenger department of the motor vehicle. A by-pass valve 74 is provided to redirect the flow of refrigerant ...

Method and apparatus for operating a refrigeration system

A refrigeration system of the type having an economizer cycle is provided with a null cycle, in addition to heating and cooling cycles, without shutting a compressor prime mover down, to preserve air flow in a conditioned space. First, second and third controllable valves respectively: (1) select main and auxiliary condensers, (2) open and close a liquid line, and (3) open and close a line which provides a warm liquid to an economizer heat exchanger. The valves are controlled in at least one predetermined open/close pattern during a null cycle, and preferably in a plurality of selectable predetermined open/close patterns, to provide a null cycle at any instant which substantially matches the net heat gain or loss taking place in the conditioned space. Thus, the temperature of the served space will be more apt to remain in a null temperature range close to set point, providing smoother and more accurate control over the temperature of the conditioned space for longer shelf life of perishables ...

Temperature control system

A temperature control system which can be used for regulating the temperature within a building while at the same time providing ventilation by means of providing refrigeration apparatus having a heating section (e.g. a compressor 4 and a condenser 1) and cooling section (evaporator 2) and passing incoming air over one of the sections and outgoing air over the other section. ...

Dairy heat reclamation system

A dairy heat reclamation system has at least one vapour compression circuit 1 including a compressor 2, a condenser 3, an expansion device 5 and an evaporator 6 used for milk cooling. A heat exchanger 10 is inserted between the compressor and the condenser for heat removal, and water is recirculated through the heat exchanger to two or more hot water storage vessels 11, 12, preferably via a splitter 20. Water may be drawn from the vessels via combiner 19 for pumping back to the heat exchanger. Regulation of the vapour compression circuit may be achieved by monitoring the pressure at the outlet of the condenser. If two or more condensers are utilised, a respective heat exchanger may be inserted before each condenser, with each heat exchanger feeding a separate storage vessel. Preferably, heated water is drawn off via a further combiner 22 and supplied to points of use 24-28 or to an additional water heater to provide a further temperature increase. In use, the system is designed to store ...

Method and apparatus for heating a fluid

A method of and apparatus for heating a fluid comprising passing a cooling medium past an internal combustion engine (1) so as to cool the engine (1) and heat the cooling medium, employing the so-heated cooling medium to heat a heat- transfer medium of a heat pump (4), and employing the so-heated heat- transfer medium to heat the said fluid to a temperature higher than that to which the cooling medium is heated by the engine (1). The fluid may be used for space heating or to provide domestic hot water. ...

Solar conditioning system

Solar collectors whose absorbers are made of a conventional building material form the outer surface of the roof and wall of a building. Air flows behind the absorbers and heat is transferred to the air by expanded metal conductors which extend from adjacent the outside surfaces of the absorbers into the flow passages. Heat from the collectors is stored in a system (20) including a cold tank (24) of liquid, a heat tank (22) of liquid at a higher temperature, and a hot water tank (26) of water at an even higher temperature. A heat pump (25) may transfer heat from the cold tank (24) to the heat tank (22) and from the heat tank (22) to the hot water tank (26). Cold and heat exchangers (32:28,29) are provided in the tanks (22,24,26) for receiving heated air from the collectors and transferring heat therefrom to the liquid in the tanks (22,24,26); and the exchangers (28,32) in the cold and heat tanks (22,24) transfer heat between the liquid in the tanks (22,24) and air from or to the buildings ...

Heat recovery system

A heat recovery system 10 for recovering heat energy from a building or facility refrigeration system or air conditioning system 8. The system has a recovery circuit arranged to recover heat from the refrigeration system or the air conditioning system by use of a secondary refrigeration system. The secondary refrigeration system includes a compressor 28, a condenser 30 downstream of the compressor, an expansion valve 46 downstream of the condenser. In use, hot refrigerant passes from the compressor and through the condenser which is cooled by a coolant fluid, and a valve 25 controls pressure and temperature of the refrigerant at the compressor suction of the secondary refrigeration system and provides a fixed or maximum refrigerant pressure and a fixed or maximum refrigerant superheat temperature at the inlet to the secondary refrigeration system compressor. The coolant fluid is heated as it passes through the condenser, and provides the means to recover heat from the main refrigeration ...

HEATING SYSTEMS

WIND HEAT RECOVERY COMPLEX

A wind heat recovery apparatus comprises a heat exchanger 1 through which is pumped a heat retaining fluid, into a reservoir 2 and into an evaporator 8, of a heat pump. Long term tests have proved a constant evaporator temperature can be maintained in ambient temperatures down to 33 DEG F. Should this temperature be reduced below 33 DEG F., so low as to cause the transfer of heat to become negligible, then immersion heaters 4 in the reservoir 2 will actuate to maintain the heat retaining fluid at the required 33 DEG F. ...

Air-conditioning apparatus

COMBINED REFRIGERATION AND HEATING SYSTEM

Apparatus for providing three separate functions of heating, cooling, and simultaneous heating and cooling

HEAT PUMP

Method of Reducing Compressor Work in a Rectification Circuit

... 1,165,524. Cold separation of gas mixtures. MESSER GRIESHEIM G.m.b.H. 19 June, 1968 [22 June, 1967], No. 29240/68. Heading F4P. Cooling of the head 5 of a gas mixture, e.g. 70% methane and 30% nitrogen, fractionating column 3 having a feed inlet 1 leading through a boiling coil 13 to the column 3 is effected by heat exchange at a coil 10 with a gas, e.g. nitrogen, having been forced by a compressor 17 through a heat exchanger 15 where it is liquefied in heat exchange with condensed feed leaving the coil 13 and having been cooled by expansion in a valve 14, the liquid nitrogen then being expanded at a valve 9 into the column head 5 from which the un-vaporized nitrogen is returned to the compressor inlet. In a modification the coil 10 is dispensed with and the expanded liquid nitrogen is fed into the column head.

Air conditioner

In an air conditioner according to the present invention, a second branching section and a heat exchange section are formed integrally by a multilayer plate in which a plurality of plate members are layered. The multilayer plate and a valve device of a first branching section are arranged side by side in the width direction within a housing.

ATS thermal management system

Improvements in and relating to the fractional distillation of mixtures of liquids

... In a process of fractionating a liquid mixture in a distillation system comprising one or more fractionating columns wherein the sump of the system is heated in known manner, a vapour fraction withdrawn from a column is subjected to indirect heat-exchange with an auxiliary liquid whereby the vapour fraction is condensed and the auxiliary liquid is vaporized, the vapours of the auxiliary liquid are raised in temperature by compression and used to effect vaporization, by heat-exchange, of part of the liquid to be rectified, the temperature of this liquid being higher than that of the vapours withdrawn from the column by an amount which is less than the maximum temperature-difference in the system. In a modification the auxiliary vapours are absorbed in a liquid whereby heat is evolved, and this heat is transferred to the liquid to be rectified. In an example, a liquid mixture comprising 20 per cent (by volume) of ethyl alcohol and 80 per cent of water ...

HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEM

APPARATUS FOR AND METHODS OF TRANSFERRING HEAT BETWEEN BODIES OF FLUID OR OTHER SUBSTANCE

Air conditioning device

Air conditioner

Improvements in or relating to heat pumps and refrigerators

... 847,907. Heat pumps, refrigerating. A. E. I.-HOTPOINT Ltd., and TAYLOR, H. T. Oct. 31, 1956 [Oct. 31, 1955], No. 31029/55. Class 29 In a heat pump air from a space to be heated is circulated over the condenser through a first duct, while an air stream forming the heat source is circulated through a second duct over the evaporator, means being provided for transmitting a variable amount of heat from the first duct to the second duct upstream of the evaporator. Refrigerant passes from the compressor 10, through condenser 11, accumulator 12, expansion valve 13 and evaporator 16. In parallel with the condenser is a water heating coil 89 which may be used in conjunction with or as an alternative to the condenser 11. A coil 99 heats an airing cupboard. As shown in Fig. 5, fresh air enters the space heater at 27 in quantities determined by valve means 52 and is mixed with air from the heated space entering through grille 44. Valve means 52 consists in a semi-circular plate mounted on a spindle ...

System and method for simultaneous evaporation and condensation in connected vessels

Apparatus of air conditioning.

Generator, thermodynamic boiler.

PLANT FOR THE RECUPERATION OF WAERME FROM COMPRESSOR KAELTEMASCHINEN

WAERMETAUSCHER

EINRICHTUNG ZUR ÜBERTRAGUNG VON KONDENSATIONSWÄRME

LUFTENTFEUCHTUNGSEINRICHTUNG FUR EIN HALLENBAD

EINRICHTUNG ZUR WAERMERUECKGEWINNUNG AUS DER KAELTEERZEUGUNG

VORRICHTUNG ZUR ERZEUGUNG VON BRAUCH- UND/ODER HEIZWASSER

WAERMEPUMPENANORDNUNG

MECHANISM FOR COOLING AT LEAST ONE PIECE OF FURNITURE AND/OR A COOLING CHAMBER AND FOR HEATING AT LEAST ONE AREA AND AIR HEAT EXCHANGER FOR THIS MECHANISM

DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BRAUCHUND/ODER HEATING WATER

PLANT FOR THE RECUPERATION OF WAERME FROM COMPRESSOR REFRIDGERATORS

HEAT TRANSFER MECHANISM

AIR DEHUMIDIFICATION MECHANISM FUR AN INDOOR SWIMMING POOL

WAERMEUEBERTRAGUNGSEINRICHTUNG

COOLING DEVICE

Method for combined solar thermal electric and heat generation and refrigeration, involves evoprating working medium by connecting solar collector

The method involves evoprating a working medium by connecting a solar collector (11), where a fresh steam (18) is provided to a steam screw motor (3) for power generation and to a jet compressor (4) for heat generation and refrigeration. The steam screw motor and the jet compressor are parallel as steam steel compressor is charged with variably controlled fresh steam. An independent claim is also included for a plant with steam screw motor.

TRANSKRITISCHES CO2 WÄRME-KÄLTE-VERBUNDSYSTEM

The system (1) has an evaporator stage comprising parallel evaporators in which liquid carbon dioxide expands to gas phase by extracting heat from environment. Compressor stages (4a-4c) compress and heat the gaseous carbon dioxide. An external cooler (7) emits the heated carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. A downstream collector (10) decompresses and condenses the carbon dioxide. A re-cooler (8) e.g. heat exchanger, and a control valve (9) are arranged between the outdoor cooler and the collector for controlling pressure in a carbon dioxide circuit.

WARM-PUMP-CLIMATICTURNED OUT

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE CLEANING OF HOT GAS AND PRODUCTION OF ENERGY FROM THE SAME

HIGH SPEED THERMOMECHANICAL ACTUATOR

HYDRISTOR HEAT PUMP

Device for heating and cooling areas

HEAT PUMP CONTROL

Heat exchanger and refrigeration cycle device

A heat exchanger includes: a heat transfer pipe in which refrigerant flows; and a spiral groove formed at an inner peripheral surface of the heat transfer pipe. A height of an inner wall of the groove in a radial direction of the heat transfer pipe is equal to or greater than 0.1 [mm], and when a wetted edge length of the heat transfer pipe is S, an inclination angle between a pipe axis direction of the heat transfer pipe and a longitudinal direction of the groove in a section of the heat transfer pipe parallel with the pipe axis direction is 0, and a length of the heat transfer pipe is L, the inclination angle 0 is an acute angle, and a wetted area S x L/cosO of the heat transfer pipe satisfies S x L/cosO 0.5 [m2]. 231-2 - 0 - 0 231-1 ...

Heat pump system

A heat pump system (1) has such a configuration that a first utilization unit (4a) which performs hot water supply operation for heating a water medium and a second utilization unit (10a) which performs cooling/ heating operation for cooling or heating an air medium are connected with a common heat source unit (2) in a state where the hot water supply operation, cooling operation or heating operation cannot be selected individually, and the heat pump system can be operated by switching to a temperature control mode which is different from the switching state of a heat source side switching mechanism (23) as a temperature control mode which is commanded by a first utilization side controller (77a).

Compressor, air conditioner system comprising the compressor and heat pump water heater system

A compressor, an air conditioner system comprising the compressor and a heat pump water heater system. The compressor comprises: a low-pressure compression component, a medium-pressure chamber, a low-pressure chamber air discharge passageway, an enthalpy-increasing component, a high-pressure compression component, a medium-pressure air passageway and a high-pressure chamber air discharge passageway. The medium-pressure air passageway comprises a side passageway section of the low-pressure chamber air discharge passageway and a side passageway section of a high-pressure chamber air suction passageway, and a ratio between a minimum cross section area of the side passageway section of the low-pressure chamber air discharge passageway and a minimum cross section area of the side passageway section of the high-pressure chamber air suction passageway is from 1.4 to 4. In the compressor, the pressure impulse and the flow speed impulse of the refrigerant are relatively small, the first-stage air ...

Method and apparatus for cleaning of hot gas and extraction of energy therefrom

Apparatus and Methods for Pre-Heating Water with Air Conditioner Unit or Heat Pump

Water heater apparatus includes a tank for storing water; a heat exchanger associated with the tank and being operative to receive refrigerant and transfer heat therefrom to the tank, the heat exchanger representatively being a heat conductive tube externally wrapped around the tank in heat conductive contact therewith; air conditioning apparatus operative to utilize refrigerant flowing through a refrigerant circuit portion of the air conditioning apparatus, the refrigerant circuit portion being in fluid communication with the heat exchanger; and a control system operative to selectively cause a portion of the flowing refrigerant to pass through the heat exchanger, or cause essentially the entire flow of the refrigerant to bypass the heat exchanger.

Air-conditioning device

Provided is an air-conditioning device that is controlled so as to reliably prevent the discharge temperature of an R32 or other compressor from becoming too high when using a refrigerant that tends to result in high discharge temperatures. Degradation of said refrigerant and a refrigerant oil can thus be minimized. An aperture in the compressor (10) is connected to piping between a valve device (24) and a backflow-prevention device (20) installed in branch piping (4d), and injection piping (4c) is installed to inject heat-source-side refrigerant into the compressor (10).

Refrigeration cycle device

The present invention makes it possible to obtain a refrigeration cycle device that uses HFO-1123, said device making it possible to suppress disproportionation reactions. This refrigeration cycle device 10 is provided with: refrigerant circuits 11a, 11b in which a high-pressure shell-type compressor 12, an exterior heat exchanger 14, an expansion valve 15, and an interior heat exchanger 16 are connected; a mixed refrigerant including 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene and another refrigerant apart from 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene, and circulating in the refrigerant circuits 11a, 11b; and a refrigerator oil 60 being adjusted such that 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene is more soluble therein than the other refrigerant, and being enclosed inside the refrigerant circuits 11a, 11b.

Combined heating and cooling systems

We describe a combined heating and cooling system, the system comprising: a working fluid circuit comprising a compressor (214), a gas cooler (222) and an evaporator (102); a heating circuit, thermally coupled to said working fluid circuit via said gas cooler; and a cooling circuit, thermally coupled to said working fluid circuit via said evaporator; wherein said heating circuit further comprises a thermal storage tank (232), in particular a stratified thermal storage tank, controllably coupled to said heating circuit to controllably store heat for said heating circuit.

HEAT PUMP CONTROL SYSTEM

HEAT EXTRACTION OR RECLAMATION APPARATUS

ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, METHOD AND APPARATUS

An energy management system may include a refrigeration apparatus such as may be used to form an ice rink. Heat rejected from that apparatus may be used to address heating loads elsewhere. The apparatus may include a thermal storage apparatus, such as may be charged with ice, or another phase change material. The refrigeration apparatus may then be run for the purpose of obtaining the rejected heat, with the cooling of the thermal storage material as a by-product of operation to obtain extra rejected heat. The cold reservoir then developed in the thermal storage material may be used subsequently to provide cooling to a different load, at a different time of day. The thermal storage element may be used to provide cooling to a condensor of the refrigeration apparatus, or may be placed in series with a cooling load, such as an ice sheet or refrigerated enclosure. The apparatus may be electronically controlled, may used ammonia as an operating fluid in a vapour cycle system. The vapour cycle ...

ENERGY RECOVERY SYSTEM

An energy recovery system for industrial plants or similar installations providing for recovery and utilization of heat from relatively low temperature waste heat sources. The system includes refrigeration units operated as heat pumps to absorb the recovered heat from each of the sources in the evaporator and transfer heat to heat-using processes from the condenser. The heat transfer media circulated from and to the evaporator and condenser are accumulated in thermal storage tanks which allow for maintenance of temperature gradations in the media to allow control of the condenser operating temperature and in order to recover the maximum thermal energy from the media received from various recovery heat exchanger units. Various arrangements for maintaining and utilizing the thermal temperature gradations in the storage tanks include vertically offset inlets and outlets or vertically extending movable probes with the media withdrawn and introduced at various levels therethrough and thermal ...

INDOOR UNIT FOR ELECTRIC HEAT PUMP

... 14 An indoor unit for an electric heat pump is provided in modular form including a refrigeration module, an air mover module, and a resistance heat package module, the refrigeration module including all of the indoor refrigerant circuit components including the compressor in a space adjacent the heat exchanger, the modules being adapted to be connected in air flow communication in several different ways to accommodate placement of the unit in various orientations.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR RECOVERING WASTE ENERGY

A novel method and apparatus is provided herein for the recovery of waste heat from thermo-mechanical pulping systems and the like. The method comprises the steps of: separating a common a common supply of working fluid into first and second branches; evaporating the working fluid in the first and second branches by means of first and second independent waste heat sources to increase the energy of the evaporated working fluids in each of the branches; compressing the evaporated working fluid in the first branch; desuperheating the compressed working fluid; merging the working fluid evaporated in the second branch with the desuperheated working fluid; compressing the merged working fluids; and condensing the last-mentioned compressed working fluid by transferring the energy to a second working fluid whose energy is significantly increased. The apparatus comprises: first and second evaporator means for evaporating a working fluid responsive to first and second independent waste energy sources ...

SOLAR ENERGY COLLECTOR AND SYSTEM

INTEGRATIVE DEVICE FOR THE CONVERSION OF HEAT TO MECHANICAL ENERGY

The invention is a power device for the transformation of low-grade heat sources into mechanical work by a process also creating a useful refrigeration effect. Refrigeration components provide heating and cooling to heat transfer fluid, while pumps direct the heat transfer fluid inside a closed loop to two collections of high pressure cylinders containing hydraulic fluid, sequentially providing heating and cooling, in alternating fashion, one of the collections being cooled while the other is being heated. The hydraulic fluid contained expands during a defined part of the binary cycle, and provides positive pressure to the hydraulic piston connected to the collection of high pressure cylinders, producing mechanical work.

PRECOOL/SUBCOOL SYSTEM AND CONDENSER THEREFOR

HEAT RECLAIM REFRIGERATION SYSTEM AND METHOD

A heat reclaim refrigeration system uses a first compressor to elevate the amount of latent heat reclaimable by the system and to reclaim this heat using heat reclaim means, such as heat reclaim coils, for practical applications, such as heating a building. In addition, the system reduces pressure required from a second compressor used for refrigeration, and energy consumed thereby, especially during cold periods of the year when a refrigerant condensing means has lower condensing requirements.

EFFICIENT WATER SOURCE HEAT PUMP WITH HOT GAS REHEAT

A five element refrigeration system whereby heating and cooling functions of the system can be accomplished as in a reverse cycle system without needing to reverse the flow of the liquid through the system. The system comprises a refrigerant compressor, a pair of air side heat exchangers, an air blower to provide circulation for the air side heat exchangers, a pair of water side heat exchangers, and a reservoir to provide cooling water for the water side heat exchangers. The refrigerant compressor increases the pressure of a refrigerant flowing through it, causing it to circulate through the first air side heat exchanger, or a reheat coil. The refrigerant continues to the first water side heat exchanger, which acts as a condenser. In a cooling mode, the refrigerant continues to the second air side heat exchanger, which acts as an evaporator. In a heating mode, the refrigerant continues to the second water side heat exchanger, which acts as an evaporator. The reservoir water leaving the ...

HEAT RECLAIMING METHOD AND APPARATUS

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CREATING RINK ICE AND UTILIZING HIGH-TEMPERATURE HEAT GENERATED WHEN CREATING RINK ICE

A system for creating rink ice and utilizing high-temperature heat generated when creating rink ice, the rink ice being created by spraying water over a base material layer and flowing cold brine through cooling tubes embedded in the base material layer includes: a heat pump performing a refrigerating cycle using CO2 as a refrigerant for producing cold brine and hot water, and a means for introducing the brine which has worked to freeze the water sprayed over the base material layer and received heat from the water sprayed over the base material layer and the ice created to the heat pump, thereby the hot water is produced by the heat pump by using heat contained in the brine introduced to the heat pump as a heat source and the brine deprived of the heat in the heat pump is returned to the cooling tubes to be used as the cold brine, thus the cold brine for creating the rink ice and cooling the ice layer created and the hot water to be used in ancillary facilities of the ice-skating rink ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR HYBRID WATER HEATING AND AIR COOLING AND CONTROL THEREOF

A system for conditioning air circulated from an interior of a building includes a refrigerant path, an air-cooled condenser in the refrigerant path, a water-cooled condenser in the refrigerant path that transfers heat from refrigerant in the refrigerant path to the building water, an evaporator in the refrigerant path, and a control system. The control system moves the system between operation of the air-cooled condenser and the water-cooled condenser based upon predetermined system conditions.

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR HYBRID WATER HEATING AND AIR COOLING AND CONTROL THEREOF

A system for conditioning air circulated from an interior of a building includes a refrigerant path, an air-cooled condenser in the refrigerant path, a water-cooled condenser in the refrigerant path that transfers heat from refrigerant in the refrigerant path to the building water, an evaporator in the refrigerant path, and a control system. The control system moves the system between operation of the air-cooled condenser and the water-cooled condenser based upon predetermined system conditions.

MODULAR CHILLER UNIT WITH DEDICATED COOLING AND HEATING FLUID CIRCUITS AND SYSTEM COMPRISING A PLURALITY OF SUCH UNITS

A modular heating and cooling unit comprising an independent set of headers for each of the heating a cooling loads and the source. A bank of these modular units provides a system that is capable of incremental simultaneous heating and cooling and redundancy. Valves in the internal piping of the unit eliminate the need for valves in the headers between units. This substantially reduces the overall footprint of the unit. Because of the parallel flow between the heat exchangers and the heating and cooling load, the modules can be operated in cooling mode and heating mode in any order.

METHOD FOR EVAPORATION AND POSSIBLE DISTILLATION OF FLUIDS USING A HEAT PUMP

A method for evaporation and possibly distillation of liquids by means of a heat pump is provided. By using a heat pump, energy is taken from energy reservoir(s) such as rivers, sea water, air, or ground heat. However, it is difficult to obtain temperatures high enough to evaporate water at atmospheric conditions. According to the invention, low temperature heat is utilized by means of a heat pump by using the condenser of the heat pump to evaporate liquids in an evaporator at a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure, and thus at a lower evaporation temperature. Furthermore, the saturation of the evaporated liquids is eliminated before the evaporated liquids enter the compressor by the further heating of the evaporated liquids leaving the liquids evaporator in a heat exchanger that utilizes the peak temperature of the refrigerant that leaves the heat pump's refrigerant compressor.

AIR CONDITIONER

The air conditioner (1) is provided with an outdoor unit (10) and an indoor unit (30). The outdoor unit (10) is provided with: an outdoor heat exchanger (16), a compressor (11), an outdoor fan (15), a temperature detector (23) for detecting the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger (16), and a temperature detector (27) for detecting the outdoor temperature. The indoor unit (30) is provided with an indoor heat exchanger (33) and an indoor fan (32). The air conditioner (1) has a heating operation mode wherein the air conditioner stops heating operation and goes to standby when the outdoor temperature reaches a temperature at or below a previously established first specified temperature during heating operation and when the outdoor temperature subsequently reaches a temperature at or above a previously established second specified temperature that is higher than the first specified temperature, resumes heating operation after executing a defrost operation.

INTEGRATED HEAT PUMP AND WATER HEATING CIRCUIT

An integrated heat pump and water heating circuit for space heating and cooling and heating domestic water. The circuit includes a first heat exchanger (20) for the domestic water, a second heat exchanger (22) for the source (heat source/sink) with a first dedicated expansion valve (24), and a third exchanger (30) for the space with a second dedicated expansion valve (34). The circuit has four modes of operation. In the first mode, the space is cooled and heat is rejected to the source. In the second mode, the space is heated while heat is absorbed from the source. In the third mode, the circuit absorbs heat from the source and heats the water supply. In a fourth mode, the water supply is heated and the space is cooled simultaneously. In each mode, one heat exchanger is inactive, and the charge from the inactive heat exchanger is reclaimed to the suction side of the compressor.

Co2 refrigeration system for ice-playing surfaces

A CO 2 refrigeration system comprises a condensation reservoir. CO 2 refrigerant is accumulated in the reservoir. The CO 2 refrigerant circulates between supracompression and evaporation loops. The supracompression loop comprises a compression stage for compression CO 2 refrigerant to a supracompression state, a cooling stage in which CO 2 refrigerant releases heat, and a pressure-regulating unit in a line extending from the cooling stage to the condensation reservoir. The pressure-regulating unit maintains a pressure differential between the cooling stage and the condensation reservoir. The evaporation loop comprises an evaporation stage in which CO 2 refrigerant from the condensation reservoir absorbs heat in a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is connected to an ice-playing surface refrigeration circuit. A second refrigerant cycles in the ice-playing surface refrigeration circuit. The CO 2 refrigerant absorbs heat from the second refrigerant in the heat exchanger. A CO 2 condensation exchanger is also provided.

Heat pump apparatus and operation method for heat pump apparatus

This description relates to a heat pump and a method of using the heat pump. The heat pump includes a hydraulic compressor that compresses a heat medium, an oil separation and recovery device that separates oil from the heat medium discharged from the compressor and returns the separated oil to the compressor, a condenser that liquefies the heat medium compressed in the compressor, a decompression device that decompresses the heat medium liquefied in the condenser, and an evaporator that causes the heat medium to absorb heat. The aforementioned devices are connected in series and the heat medium is circulated in those devices. The heat medium can be compressed at a compression ratio, at which a discharge temperature from the compressor becomes 150 to 200° C. An intake temperature control unit which can control the temperature of the heat medium taken into the compressor is on the intake side of the compressor.

Virtual moveable endcap non-reversing heater chiller system

The invention sets out a system of interconnected non-reversing heater-chiller modules having a virtual moveable endcap separating select units. The system facilitates the variable operation of heater/chiller modules in a combination of heating/chilling/simultaneous operation modes, or rest modes, in order to adjust to variable building load, mechanical, and environmental conditions.

VEHICLE AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

A vehicle air conditioning system includes an electric powered refrigerant compressing device, an evaporator, an electric heater, an air temperature determining component, a cabin interior temperature controlling component, an upper limit electric power setting component, and an electric power distribution controller. The evaporator receives refrigerant from the compressing device. The heater is downstream of the evaporator in an air passageway. The determining component determines a first air temperature upstream of the evaporator and a second air temperature between the evaporator and the heater. The controlling component sets a vehicle interior discharge air temperature at a position downstream of the heater to a target temperature. The power setting component sets an upper limit for power supplied to the compressing device and the heater. The power distribution controller distributes the upper limit electric power to the compressing device and the heater based on a ratio of upstream and downstream temperature differences. 1. A vehicle air conditioning system comprising:an electric powered refrigerant compressing device;an evaporator configured to receive refrigerant discharged from the electric powered refrigerant compressing device;an electric heater arranged downstream of the evaporator in an air passageway;an air temperature detector configured to determine a first air temperature at a position upstream of the evaporator in the air passageway and a second air temperature at a position between the evaporator and the electric heater;a cabin interior temperature controlling component configured to set a vehicle interior discharge air temperature at a position downstream of the electric heater in an air passageway to a target discharge air temperature;an upper limit electric power setting component configured to set an upper limit for electric power that can be supplied to the electric powered refrigerant compressing device and the electric heater; andan electric ...

AIR CONDITIONER

An air conditioner capable of cooling or heating an electronic component box provided to an outdoor unit is provided. An air conditioner includes a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, an indoor heat exchanger, an electronic component box and an electronic component box heat exchanger. The compressor compresses a refrigerant. The outdoor heat exchanger performs a heat exchange between outdoor air and the refrigerant, being disposed outdoors and connected to the compressor. The indoor heat exchanger performs a heat exchange between indoor air and the refrigerant, being disposed indoors and connected to the compressor and the outdoor heat exchanger. The electronic component box has electronic components accommodated therein, being disposed outdoors together with the outdoor heat exchanger. The electronic component box heat exchanger heat or cools the electronic component box through flow of the refrigerant, being provided in the electronic component box. 1. An air conditioner , comprising:a compressor compressing a refrigerant;an outdoor heat exchanger performing a heat exchange between outdoor air and the refrigerant, being disposed outdoors and connected to the compressor;an indoor heat exchanger performing a heat exchange between indoor air and the refrigerant, being disposed indoors and connected to the compressor and the outdoor heat exchanger;an electronic component box having electronic components accommodated therein, being disposed outdoors together with the outdoor heat exchanger; andan electronic component box heat exchanger heating or cooling the electronic component box through flow of the refrigerant, being provided in the electronic component box.2. The air conditioner of claim 1 , wherein the electronic component box heat exchanger heats the electronic component box through flow of a portion of the refrigerant flowing from the compressor to the indoor heat exchanger.3. The air conditioner of claim 1 , wherein the electronic component box heat ...

Hybrid Space And Hot Water Heating Heat Pump

A hybrid space and water heating heat pump system includes a heat pump including an outdoor assembly and an indoor assembly; a hot water module including a first heat exchanger, a controller, and a water pump connected to a water line, the first heat exchanger being configured for heating water; and a water heater in fluid communication with the hot water module, the water heater configured for receiving heated water from the first heat exchanger; wherein the controller is configured to select between one of conditioning an interior space or heating of the water in the first heat exchanger; and wherein the heat pump is configured for circulating a refrigerant through a first refrigerant circuit in response to the conditioning of the interior space and circulating the refrigerant through a second refrigerant circuit in response to the heating of the water in the first heat exchanger. 1. A hybrid space and water heating heat pump system , comprising:a heat pump including an outdoor assembly and an indoor assembly;a hot water module including a first heat exchanger, a controller, and a water pump connected to a water line, the first heat exchanger being configured for heating water; anda water heater in fluid communication with the hot water module, the water heater being configured for receiving the heated water from the first heat exchanger;wherein the controller is configured to select between one of conditioning an interior space or heating of the water in the first heat exchanger; andwherein the heat pump is configured for circulating a refrigerant through a first refrigerant circuit in response to the conditioning of the interior space and configured for circulating the refrigerant through a second refrigerant circuit in response to the heating of the water in the first heat exchanger.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the heat pump operates in a heating mode in response to the heating of the water in the first heat exchanger.3. The system of claim 1 , further ...

Air-conditioning apparatus

An air-conditioning apparatus once transfers energy to a heat medium other than a refrigerant and introduces the heat medium to another refrigeration cycle to achieve safety improvement and high efficiency. An air-conditioning apparatus allows first heat exchangers related to heat medium to exchange heat between a first refrigerant (heat source side refrigerant) and a first heat medium and allows a second heat exchanger related to heat medium to exchange heat between the first heat medium and a second refrigerant (hot water supply side refrigerant), such that the first refrigerant and the second refrigerant are prevented from mixing with each other.

COOLING AND HOT WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM AND COOLING AND HOT WATER SUPPLY METHOD

A combined air-conditioning and hot water supply system simultaneously executes the cooling operation of a use unit and the hot water supply operation of a hot water supply unit, wherein the combined air-conditioning and hot water supply system operates in a cooling priority mode when the temperature differential ΔTbetween a set hot water supply temperature Tand the inlet water temperature Tof a plate water-heat exchanger is smaller than a priority operation determination threshold M that is set in advance, and operates in a hot water supply priority mode when the temperature differential ΔTbecomes equal to or higher than the priority operation determination threshold M. This simultaneous execution of cooling and hot water supply operations prevents hot water from running out. 1. A cooling and hot water supply system comprising:a heat source unit that has a compressor whose operating frequency can be controlled and that has and a first heat exchanger;a use unit that is connected to the heat source unit, the use unit having a second heat exchanger;a hot water supply unit that is connected to the heat source unit, the hot water supply unit having a water-heat exchanger that heats water in a hot water supply tank by heating water in a water circuit in which the water circulates;{'sub': 'wi', 'a measuring section that detects an inlet water temperature Tof water entering the water-heat exchanger in the water circuit, a suction air temperature of air sucked by the use unit, and a water temperature in the hot water supply tank; and'}a control section that executes a simultaneous operation of a cooling operation using the second heat exchanger and a hot water supply operation using the water-heat exchanger, when the control section receives both a cooling request signal that requests the cooling operation of the use unit and a hot water supply request signal that requests the hot water supply operation of the hot water supply unit, by causing a discharge refrigerant ...

Heat Conditioning System For A Motor Vehicle

The present invention relates to a heat conditioning system for a motor vehicle, including: an air conditioning loop of a motor vehicle (B) in which a cooling fluid circulates and which includes a compressor (), at least two heat exchangers () and at least one decompression device (), a heat processing unit (U) of a battery () of the vehicle, which unit includes a heat processing means () which is capable of being in a heat exchange relation with the battery of the vehicle, in which the heat processing means is in a heat exchange relation with the air conditioning loop. 2. The system as claimed in claim 1 , in which the heat treatment means is separate from the air conditioning loop.3. The system as claimed in claim 2 , in which the heat treatment means exchanges heat with one of the at least two heat exchangers.4. The system as claimed in claim 3 , in which the heat exchange between the heat treatment means and one of the at least two heat exchangers is performed via a blower.5. The system as claimed in claim 3 , in which the heat exchanger exchanging with the heat treatment means is located inside the heat treatment unit.6. The system as claimed in claim 1 , in which the heat treatment means is in contact with the air conditioning loop.7. The system as claimed in claim 6 , in which the heat treatment means is in contact with one of the at least two heat exchangers.8. The system as claimed in claim 7 , in which the heat exchanger in contact with the heat treatment means is an evaporator.9. The system as claimed in claim 6 , in which one of the at least two heat exchangers is a condenser linked to the battery.10. The system as claimed in claim 9 , in which the heat treatment means is situated upstream in the direction of travel of the coolant of the condenser.11. The system as claimed in claim 10 , in which the heat treatment means is situated downstream of the condenser.12. The system as claimed in claim 6 , in which an additional heat treatment means is in contact ...

AIR DRYER ASSEMBLY

A dryer operable to separate a portion of an entrained liquid from a flow of gas includes a pressure vessel to contain the flow of gas and entrained liquid within the pressure vessel. A precooler/reheater is positioned within the pressure vessel to cool the flow of gas and the entrained liquid and an evaporator is positioned within the pressure vessel to cool the flow of gas and the entrained liquid from the precooler/reheater. A separator receives the flow of gas and the entrained liquid from the evaporator and is operable to separate the flow of gas and the entrained liquid into a flow of substantially dry gas and a liquid. The liquid collects in the bottom of the pressure vessel. A drain valve is movable between an open position and a closed position in response to the quantity of liquid within the bottom of the pressure vessel. 1. A dryer operable to separate a portion of an entrained liquid from a flow of gas , the dryer comprising:a pressure vessel operable to contain the flow of gas and entrained liquid within the pressure vessel at a full operating pressure, the pressure vessel including a gas inlet, a gas outlet, and a drain positioned at a bottom of the pressure vessel;a precooler/reheater positioned within the pressure vessel to receive and cool the flow of gas and the entrained liquid from the inlet;an evaporator positioned within the pressure vessel to receive and cool the flow of gas and the entrained liquid from the precooler/reheater;a separator positioned to receive the flow of gas and the entrained liquid from the evaporator, the separator operable to separate the flow of gas and the entrained liquid into a flow of substantially dry gas and a liquid, the liquid collecting in the bottom of the pressure vessel, the flow of substantially dry gas flowing upward through the precooler/reheater to heat the flow of substantially dry gas and out the gas outlet; anda drain valve movable between an open position and a closed position in response to the ...

Hot Water Heater Pre-Heating Apparatus

Disclosed is a hot water heater supplement and means of utilizing waste heat from a refrigeration cycle. The apparatus comprises a refrigerator having a compressible refrigerant, a compressor, a condenser, a refrigerant receiver tank, an expansion valve and an evaporator for changing the temperature, pressure and phase of the refrigerant in a standard refrigeration cycle. The condenser is a coaxial, water cooled heat exchanger that receives waste heat from the high temperature, condensing refrigerant. The heated water is pumped into a coaxial heat exchanger within a heat exchange tank, which heats a volume of water within the exchange tank that is then mixed with a hot water heater tank for use in a residence. Cold water is fed into the exchange tank and thus pre-heated before being moved to the hot water heater, which utilizes either a gas or resistance style heating means. 1) A hot water preheating system , comprising:a refrigerator having a refrigeration cycle that utilizes a compressible material and phase change operation, including a compressor, condenser, expansion valve and evaporator for cooling a refrigerator internal compartment;a hot water heater for heating incoming water to a desired level;a preheating exchange tank for accepting an incoming water supply, preheating a quantity of said water supply before sending said preheated water to said hot water heater for further heating;said refrigerator condenser further comprising a first heat exchanger element for drawing heat from said compressible material, wherein said material undergoes a transition from a vapor to a liquid phase;a conduit from said first heat exchanger connecting to a circulating pump, said pump circulating a heat exchange material from said first heat exchanger element and through a second heat exchanger element to a return pipe to said first exchanger;said second heat exchanger element being positioned in said preheating exchange tank for preheating incoming water.2) The device of ...

Refrigerator with convertible chamber and operation method thereof

A method for controlling temperature of a refrigerator including a main body having at least first and second adiabatic spaces; a refrigerant compression cycle device including an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser, and an expander installed within the main body; and a heating unit transferring heat of a refrigerant discharged from the condenser to air in the second adiabatic space, includes: measuring an internal temperature of the second adiabatic space; bypassing the refrigerant discharged from the condenser to the second adiabatic space when the measured internal temperature of the second adiabatic space is lower than a lower limit value of a pre-set temperature range; measuring ambient temperature of the condenser; and controlling an operation of a condenser cooling fan according to the ambient temperature of the condenser to maintain the refrigerant that passes through the interior of the condenser at a certain temperature or higher.

AIR-CONDITIONING APPARATUS

An air-conditioning apparatus controls a heat medium passage reversing device so that, when it detects a heat medium flowing through a heat medium flow passage of the heat exchanger will not be frozen, a refrigerant flowing through a refrigerant flow passage of the heat exchanger related to heat medium and the heat medium flowing through the heat medium flow passage of the heat exchanger related to heat medium are in counter flow, and control the heat medium passage reversing device so that, when it detects that there is a possibility of freezing of the heat medium flowing through the heat medium flow passage of the heat exchanger related to heat medium, the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant flow passage of the heat exchanger related to heat medium and the heat medium flowing through the heat medium flow passage of the heat exchanger related to heat medium are in parallel flow. 1. An air-conditioning apparatus comprising:a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a refrigerant passage switching device that switches a passage of a refrigerant discharged from the compressor, a first heat exchanger, a first expansion device, and a refrigerant flow passage of a second heat exchanger are connected via a refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant is distributed;a heat medium circuit in which a heat medium flow passage of the second heat exchanger and a heat medium sending device are connected via a heat medium pipe through which a heat medium is distributed, and to which a use side heat exchanger is connected;a heat medium passage reversing device that is disposed in the heat medium circuit and that is capable of switching a direction of the heat medium flowing through the heat medium flow passage of the second heat exchanger between a normal direction and a reverse direction; 1a controller that controls the heat medium passage reversing device to switch the direction of the heat medium flowing through the heat medium flow passage of the second heat ...

Optimizer for multiple staged refrigeration systems

A method and system for dynamically controlling heaters and compressors of multiple zone heating and cooling systems to modulate supply air temperature values to within a predetermined range and operable in a plurality of stages. The system includes a supply air temperature sensor operable to determine the supply air temperature values. The system also includes a control device configured to determine a plurality of system status conditions and activates and inactivates the heaters and compressors in a plurality of stages based on at least some of the plurality of system status conditions. 1. A method of dynamically controlling heaters and compressors of a multiple zone heating and cooling system operable in a plurality of heater stages and compressor stages including a supply air temperature sensor , the method comprising:providing a controller in communication with said supply air temperature sensor and operable to receive supply air temperature values from said supply air temperature sensor;obtaining a plurality of system status conditions;staging said plurality of heater stages and compressor stages to modulate said supply air temperature values to within a predetermined range based on at least some of said system status conditions.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said multiple zone heating and cooling system is a packaged multiple zone heat pump with compression refrigeration system.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said multiple zone heating and cooling system is a rooftop unit compressor.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said plurality of system status conditions comprise at least one of a minimum supply air temperature for cooling claim 1 , maximum supply air temperature for cooling claim 1 , maximum supply air temperature for heating claim 1 , rotation time period claim 1 , number of compressor stages claim 1 , and minimum time interval between system activation and inactivation.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein obtaining a plurality of system status ...

HEAT PUMP SYSTEM FOR VEHICLE AND METHOD OF CONTROLLING THE SAME

Disclosed therein are a heat pump system for a vehicle and a method of controlling the heat pump system, which variably controls only a compressor if the number of revolutions of the compressor is less than the upper limit of the number of the maximum revolutions of the compressor and operates an electric heater only when the number of revolutions of the compressor reaches the upper limit of the number of the maximum revolutions of the compressor in order to satisfy a target discharge temperature in a heat pump mode, thereby preventing that convergence of an air discharge temperature of the interior of the vehicle is deteriorated or becomes unstable when the compressor and the electric heater are variably controlled at the same time in order to satisfy the target discharge temperature. 1. A method of controlling a heat pump system for a vehicle , comprising:a first step of receiving various sensor values of the vehicle and calculating a target discharge temperature;a second step of determining whether the air-conditioning mode or the heat pump mode is selected according to the target discharge temperature or a passenger's selection;a third step of calculating a deviation between the target discharge temperature and an air discharge temperature of the interior of the vehicle, when the heat pump mode is selected as the determination result of the second step;a fourth step of calculating the number of revolutions of a compressor by the deviation of the third step;a fifth step of determining whether or not the number of revolutions of the compressor is less than upper limit of the number of the maximum revolutions of the compressor;a sixth step of variably controlling the compressor by the number of revolutions of the compressor according to the deviation calculated in the fourth step, if the number of revolutions of the compressor is less than the upper limit of the number of the maximum revolutions of the compressor as the determination result of the fifth step;a ...

AIR-CONDITIONING APPARATUS

A heat pump hot-water supply apparatus controls a second expansion device during a heating operation so as to adjust the amount of refrigerant flowing through an injection pipe, and controls a third expansion device during a cooling operation so as to adjust the amount of refrigerant flowing through the injection pipe. 1. An air-conditioning apparatus in which a refrigerant circuit is formed by connecting a compressor , a refrigerant flow switching device , a first heat exchanger , a first expansion device , and a second heat exchanger to one another by using a pipe ,due to working of the refrigerant flow switching device, a cooling operation and a heating operation are switchable, wherein the cooling operation is an operation in which the first heat exchanger serves as a condenser due to a high-pressure refrigerant being flowed into the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger serves as an evaporator due to a low-pressure refrigerant being flowed into part of or whole of the second heat exchanger, and the heating operation is an operation in which the first heat exchanger serves as an evaporator due to a low-pressure refrigerant being flowed into the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger serves as a condenser due to a high-pressure refrigerant being flowed into part of or whole of the second heat exchanger, the air-conditioning apparatus comprising:an injection pipe that feeds the refrigerant into a compression chamber of the compressor, which is in a course of performing compression, from the outside of the compressor via an opening formed in part of the compression chamber;a second expansion device;a third expansion device;a controller that controls the second expansion device during the heating operation so as to adjust a flow rate of the refrigerant to flow through the injection pipe and that controls the third expansion device during the cooling operation so as to adjust a flow rate of the refrigerant to flow through the injection pipe;a ...

REFRIGERANTS CONTAINING (E)-1,1,1,4,4,4-HEXAFLUOROBUT-2-ENE

The invention relates to a composition comprising (E)-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobat-2-ene as a mixture with at least one hydrocarbon, hydrofinorocarbon or fluoroolefin compound having a boiling point less than or equal to 42° C., and also to the use of this composition as a heat transfer fluid. 1. A composition comprising (E)-1 ,1 ,1 ,4 ,4 ,4-hexafluorobut ,ene with at least one compound having a boiling point less than or equal to −12° C. selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons , hydrofluorocarbons , ethers , hydrofluoroethers , fluoroolefins and mixtures thereof.2. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of 1 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene claim 1 , 2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrafluoropropene claim 1 , 3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-trifluoropropene claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,2-tetrafluoroethane claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,1-difluoroethane claim 1 , difluoromethane claim 1 , pentafluoroethane claim 1 , propane and dimethyl ether claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.3. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , consisting of a mixture of:(E)-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexalluorobut-2-ene and a compound selected from the group consisting of 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 3,3,3-trifluoropropene, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1,1-difluoroethane, difluoromethane, pentafluoroethane and propane and mixtures thereof.4. (canceled)5. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the difference between the liquid saturation pressure and the vapor saturation pressure at a temperature of −5′'C is less than or equal to 10% of the liquid saturation pressure.6. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , comprising:from 10% to 50% of (E)-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene and from 50% to 90% of 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene.7. (canceled)8. A heat-transfer composition comprising the composition as claimed in further comprising one or more additives selected from the group consisting of ...

REFRIGERATION CYCLE APPARATUS AND OUTDOOR HEAT SOURCE UNIT

There is provided a refrigeration cycle apparatus in which an outdoor heat source unit, an indoor unit, and a water heating unit are connected, and an air conditioning operation and a water heating operation can be performed separately, and an exhaust-heat recovery operation can be performed by simultaneously performing air cooling and water heating. The outdoor heat source unit includes a compressor for compressing refrigerant, a refrigerant air-heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between the refrigerant and outside air, a fan for cooling the refrigerant air-heat exchanger, a control device that includes an inverter device for driving the compressor, and a heat sink for dissipating heat of the inverter device, and a switching element in the inverter device is constituted by an element formed by a wide bandgap semiconductor. 1. A refrigeration cycle apparatus in which an outdoor heat source unit , an indoor unit , and a water heating unit are connected , and an air conditioning operation and a water heating operation can be performed separately , and an exhaust-heat recovery operation can be performed by simultaneously performing air cooling and water heating , whereinthe outdoor heat source unit includes a compressor for compressing refrigerant, a refrigerant air-heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between the refrigerant and outside air, a fan for cooling the refrigerant air-heat exchanger, a control device that includes an inverter device for driving the compressor, and a heat sink for dissipating heat of the inverter device, anda switching element in the inverter device is constituted by an element formed by a wide bandgap semiconductor.2. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the control device controls an operation of the fan during the exhaust-heat recovery operation claim 1 , based on a temperature of the heat sink or a temperature detected by a temperature detection unit in the inverter device.3. The refrigeration ...

AIR-CONDITIONING APPARATUS

An air-conditioning apparatus includes a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a refrigerant flow switching device, a refrigerant flow path of a heat exchanger related to heat medium that exchanges heat between a refrigerant and a heat medium, an expansion device, and a heat source-side heat exchanger are connected by a refrigerant pipe to form a refrigeration cycle, and a heat medium circuit in which a heat medium flow path of the heat exchanger related to heat medium, a pump, and a use-side heat exchanger are connected by a heat medium pipe. The air-conditioning apparatus includes an opening and closing device that is provided in a heat medium supply pipe that supplies the heat medium to the heat medium circuit from outside the circuit, and that passes or cuts off the heat medium flowing from the heat medium supply pipe to the heat medium circuit. 1. An air-conditioning apparatus includinga refrigerant circuit having a compressor, a refrigerant flow switching device, a plurality of heat exchangers related to heat medium, an expansion device, and a heat source-side heat exchanger, which are connected by a refrigerant pipe to form a refrigeration cycle, anda heat medium circuit having the plurality of heat exchangers related to heat medium, a pump, and a plurality of use-side heat exchangers, which are connected by a heat medium pipe,the air-conditioning apparatus being capable of a cooling operation and a heating operation,the air-conditioning apparatus comprising:an opening and closing device that is provided in a heat medium supply pipe connected to the heat medium circuit so as to supply a heat medium, and that passes or cuts off the heat medium flowing from the heat medium supply pipe to the heat medium circuit; andan air release device that is provided in the heat medium circuit, and releases air remaining within the heat medium circuit, whereinthe heating operation is performed while the opening and closing device and the air release device are opened.2. ...

Unitary heat pump air conditioner

The disclosure relates to a unitary heat pump air conditioner (Unitary HPAC) that includes a refrigerant loop having a condenser, a refrigerant expansion device, and an evaporator hydraulically connected in series. An electrically driven compressor is provided to circulate a two-phase refrigerant through the refrigerant loop to transfer heat from the evaporator to the condenser. The unitary HPAC also includes a cold side chiller configured to hydraulically connect to a cold side coolant loop and is in thermal communication with the evaporator. The unitary HPAC further includes a hot side chiller configured to hydraulically connect to a hot side coolant loop and is in thermal communication with the condenser. The refrigerant loop transfer heat from the cold side chiller to the hot side chiller, thereby cooling the cold side coolant loop and heating the hot side coolant loop. The components of the unitary HPAC are mounted on a common platform.

AIR-CONDITIONING APPARATUS

An air-conditioning apparatus uses R32, a refrigerant mixture containing R32 and HFO1234yf in which R32 has a mass percentage of 40% or higher, or a refrigerant mixture containing R32 and HFO1234ze in which R32 has a mass percentage of 15% or higher, as a heat-source refrigerant. The air-conditioning apparatus includes a low-pressure shell-structure compressor, a first flow switching valve, a heat-source-side heat exchanger, first flow control devices, and plural use-side heat exchangers connected by refrigerant pipes, forming a refrigeration cycle. The compressor includes a compression chamber within a sealed container including an opening extending between inside and outside of the sealed container. The air-conditioning apparatus can perform only a heating at the use-side heat exchangers, only a cooling at the use-side heat exchangers, and a mixed cooling and heating in a mixed fashion at the use-side heat exchangers. 19-. (canceled)10. An air-conditioning apparatus including a low-pressure shell-structure compressor , a first flow switching valve , a heat-source-side heat exchanger , a first flow control device , and a plurality of use-side heat exchangers , all of which are connected by refrigerant pipes so that a refrigeration cycle is formed , the compressor including a compression chamber that is provided within a sealed container and that has an opening extending between inside and outside of the sealed container , the air-conditioning apparatus being capable of performing a heating operation in which only heating is performed at the use-side heat exchangers , a cooling operation in which only cooling is performed at the use-side heat exchangers , and a cooling and heating mixed operation in which heating and cooling are performed in a mixed fashion at the use-side heat exchangers ,the air-conditioning apparatus comprising:an injection pipe that connects a refrigerant circuit constituting the refrigeration cycle to the opening; anda second flow control ...

AIR-CONDITIONING APPARATUS

An air-conditioning apparatus controls that a discharge temperature does not become too high with a refrigerant whose compressor discharge temperature readily rises, and thus suppress degradation of the refrigerant and a refrigerating machine oil. An injection pipe that injects a heat source side refrigerant into a compressor is installed, connected a pipe between a backflow prevention device and an opening and closing device installed on a branching pipe, and an aperture unit in the compressor. 1. An air-conditioning apparatus comprising:a refrigeration cycle in which a compressor that compresses a low pressure refrigerant and discharges a high pressure refrigerant, a first heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and an external fluid, first expansion devices that depressurize the refrigerant, and one or more second heat exchangers that exchange heat between the refrigerant and an external fluid are connected by refrigerant pipes;an injection pipe that circulates the refrigerant split off from a refrigerant flow path through which the refrigerant that has radiated in the first heat exchanger or the one or more second heat exchangers flows;a first refrigerant branching portion that divides the refrigerant from the refrigerant flow path in the case where the refrigerant is flowing from the first heat exchanger to the first expansion devices;a second refrigerant branching portion that divides the refrigerant from the refrigerant flow path in the case where the refrigerant is flowing from the first expansion devices to the first heat exchanger;a branching pipe that connects the first refrigerant branching portion and the second refrigerant branching portion, with the injection pipe connected thereto; anda controller that carries out driving control of the compressor;wherein the compressor includes an aperture unit in part of a compression chamber included inside a hermetically sealed container,the injection pipe is connected to the aperture unit via ...

OUTDOOR UNIT FOR AIR-CONDITIONING APPARATUS, AND AIR-CONDITIONING APPARATUS

An outdoor unit for an air-conditioning apparatus includes: a compressor; an outdoor fan; a plurality of outdoor heat exchangers coupled to a plurality of indoor units; a switching member configured to switch functions of the outdoor heat exchangers to either condensers or evaporators by switching of coupling states between the compressor and the outdoor heat exchangers; and a control unit configured to calculate a low pressure saturation temperature during a cooling operation or a cooling-main operation, and configured to cause all of the plurality of outdoor heat exchangers to serve as condensers by controlling the switching member when a state in which an open-air temperature is lower than the low pressure saturation temperature continues for a predetermined time. 1. An outdoor unit for an air-conditioning apparatus , comprising:a compressor;an outdoor fan;a plurality of outdoor heat exchangers coupled to a plurality of indoor units;a switching member configured to switch functions of the outdoor heat exchangers to either condensers or evaporators by switching of coupling states between the compressor and the outdoor heat exchangers; anda control unit configured to calculate a low pressure saturation temperature during a cooling operation or a cooling-main operation, and configured to cause all of the plurality of outdoor heat exchangers to serve as condensers by controlling the switching member when a state in which an open-air temperature is lower than the low pressure saturation temperature continues for a predetermined time.2. The outdoor unit according to claim 1 , further comprising an open-air temperature detector configured to detect the open-air temperature.3. The outdoor unit according to claim 1 , further comprising a low-pressure detector configured to detect the pressure on a low-pressure side of the compressor claim 1 ,wherein the control unit calculates the low pressure saturation temperature based on the pressure on the low-pressure side.4. The ...

AIR-CONDITIONING APPARATUS

An air-conditioning apparatus controls an opening degree of at least one of a second expansion device and a third expansion device to adjust the amount of refrigerant to flow through the injection pipe. 1. An air-conditioning apparatus including a refrigerant circuit formed by connecting a compressor , a refrigerant flow switching device , a first heat exchanger , a first expansion device , and second heat exchangers by using a pipe ,the air-conditioning apparatus being capable of, by an operation of the refrigerant flow switching device, switching between a cooling operation and a heating operation,the cooling operation being an operation in which a high-pressure refrigerant flows through the first heat exchanger so that the first heat exchanger operates as a condenser and in which a low-pressure refrigerant flows through at least one or all of the second heat exchangers so that the at least one or all of the second heat exchangers operate as an evaporator or evaporators,the heating operation being an operation in which a low-pressure refrigerant flows through the first heat exchanger so that the first heat exchanger operates as an evaporator and in which a high-pressure refrigerant flows through at least one or all of the second heat exchangers so that the at least one or all of the second heat exchangers operate as a condenser or condensers,the air-conditioning apparatus comprising:an injection pipe through which the refrigerant is directed into a compression chamber of the compressor, which is in a compression process, from outside the compressor via an opening port formed in part of the compression chamber;a second expansion device that reduces a pressure of a refrigerant flowing from the second heat exchanger to the first heat exchanger via the first expansion device in the heating operation;a third expansion device disposed in the injection pipe; anda controller that controls an opening degree of at least one of the second expansion device and the third ...

METHOD OF OPERATING A HEAT PUMP DRYER AND HEAT PUMP DRYER

Method of operating a heat pump dryer, the heat pump tumble dryer including a process air circuit and a heat pump unit having a refrigerant evaporator for cooling process air, a primary refrigerant condenser for heating process air, an auxiliary refrigerant evaporator arranged outside the process air circuit and connected between the primary refrigerant evaporator and a compressor of the heat pump unit, and at least one auxiliary fan adapted to impinge an air stream at the auxiliary heat exchanger. The at least one auxiliary fan is activated and deactivated by a control unit according to at least one of a temperature of the refrigerant and/or a pressure of the refrigerant, both preferably measured near or at a refrigerant outlet of the primary evaporator, a temperature of refrigerant near or at an refrigerant outlet or inlet of the auxiliary refrigerant evaporator, a temperature of the air near or at the auxiliary refrigerant evaporator, a temperature difference between refrigerant and air near or at the auxiliary refrigerant evaporator and, a temperature of the process air and/or humidity of the process air, both preferably near or at a process air inlet of a drying chamber of the heat pump tumble dryer. 1. Method of operating a heat pump dryer , the heat pump dryer comprising a process air circuit and a heat pump unit having a refrigerant evaporator for cooling process air , a primary refrigerant condenser for heating process air , an auxiliary refrigerant evaporator arranged outside the process air circuit and connected between the primary refrigerant evaporator and a compressor of the heat pump unit , and at least one auxiliary fan adapted to impinge an air stream at the auxiliary heat exchanger , wherein the at least one auxiliary fan is activated and deactivated by a control unit according to at least one of:a temperature of the refrigerant and/or a pressure of the refrigerant, both preferably measured near or at a refrigerant outlet of the primary evaporator, ...

Unidirectional climate control system

A climate control system for a vehicle with a passenger compartment includes a heater circuit, a cooler circuit, and a primary loop, all of which have fixed flow directions. The heater circuit is filled with a first liquid medium and has a heater core, and the cooler circuit is filled with a second liquid medium and has a cooler core. The heater and cooler cores are selectively in thermal communication with the passenger compartment. The primary loop includes a compressor and an expansion valve and is filled with a refrigerant medium. No portion of the primary loop is within the passenger compartment. A liquid-cooled condenser thermally links the heater circuit and primary loop. A liquid-warmed evaporator thermally links the cooler circuit and primary loop. The primary loop is in direct heat-exchange communication with one of the first liquid medium and the second liquid medium.

Energy efficient cooling and heating system

A cooling and heating system with a first heat exchange loop and a second heat exchange loop. The first heat exchange loop uses a first heat transfer fluid that is passed through a compression/evaporation refrigeration cycle to cool a refrigerated space and to collect waste heat, and then pumps that heat transfer fluid to a remote heat pump in the winter where the waste heat is used to provide warm air. The first heat exchange system may also pump some or all of the first heat transfer fluid to a remote water heater where the waste heat is used to heat water. The heat transfer fluid is then passed through an underground portion where it is cooled to about 55°. The second heat exchange loop uses a second heat transfer fluid to cool the heat pump in the summer, and may pump that second heat transfer fluid to a remote water heater where waste heat is used to heat water. The first earth loop and the second earth loop may be interconnected so that a single heat transfer fluid is used in both loops, or they may be operated so that the heat transfer fluid flowing in the first loop is isolated from the heat transfer fluid flowing through the second loop.

INTEGRAL AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM FOR HEATING AND COOLING

An air conditioner includes a first compressor and a first indoor heat exchanger, and the air conditioner forming a first refrigeration cycle. A cooler includes a second compressor and a second indoor heat exchanger, and the cooler forming a second refrigeration cycle The cooler includes a sensing part to detect a pressure and/or temperature of a refrigerant circulating in the second refrigeration cycle; and a branch part includes a plurality of branches for dividing the refrigerant to be introduced into the second heat exchange part. 1. An integral air conditioning system for heating and cooling , the integral air conditioning system comprising:an air conditioner comprising a first compressor and a first indoor heat exchanger, the air conditioner forming a first refrigeration cycle;a cooler comprising a second compressor and a second indoor heat exchanger, the cooler forming a second refrigeration cycle;an outdoor heat exchanger comprising a first heat exchange part being part of the first refrigeration cycle and a second heat exchange part being part of the second refrigeration cycle;a blower fan for blowing outdoor air into the first heat exchange part and the second heat exchange part,wherein the cooler comprises a sensing part being adapted to detect a pressure and/or temperature of a refrigerant circulating in the second refrigeration cycle; anda branch part comprising a plurality of branches for dividing the refrigerant to be introduced into the second heat exchange part.2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a control unit configured to compare the detection value received from the sensing part with a preset value claim 1 , and configured to control the flow of refrigerant through the branches into the second heat exchange part depending on the comparison result.3. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of valves disposed in the branches of the branch part.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the control unit is configured to control an ...

Vehicle air conditioning device

The vehicle air conditioning device is equipped with: a heater core that imparts heat to air flowing to the vehicle cabin interior by flowing a high temperature cooling liquid; a first water-refrigerant heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the cooling liquid and the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant in a heat pump, thus condensing the refrigerant; a flow rate adjustment means that adjusts the flow rate of the cooling liquid flowing through the heater core and the first water-refrigerant heat exchanger; and a control unit that performs air conditioning control. The control unit controls the flow rate adjustment means, and adopts a configuration that for a predetermined time period from the starting up of the heat pump, sets the flow rate of the cooling liquid to a second flow rate that is lower than a first flow rate during standard operating.

HEAT PUMP SYSTEM USING WASTE HEAT AND HEAT ENGINE-DRIVEN VAPOR COMPRESSION HEAT PUMP SYSTEM

A heat pump system using waste heat has a compression heat pump circuit that uses the shaft output of a power engine as a power source for a compressor for compressing refrigerant, and an absorption heat pump circuit using waste heat of the power engine as a heat source for a regenerator for heating absorbing liquid, refrigerant vaporized in the compression heat pump circuit is circulated to an absorber of the absorption heat pump circuit, the refrigerant is separated after regenerated by the regenerator, and the separated refrigerant is circulated in the compression heats pump circuit. The absorption heat pump circuit has a reverse pump R in a return pipe for absorbing liquid from the regenerator to the absorber, and the rotation energy of the reverse pump R can be withdrawn by a circulation pump P for the absorbing liquid. 119-. (canceled)23. A heat pump system using waste heat , comprising:a compression heat pump circuit using a shaft output of a power engine as a power source for a compressor that compresses refrigerant; andan absorption heat pump circuit using waste heat of the power engine as a heat source for a regenerator that heats absorbing liquid, wherein refrigerant vaporized in the compression heat pump circuit is circulated to an absorber of the absorption heat pump circuit, the refrigerant is separated after regenerated by the regenerator, the separated refrigerant is circulated into the compression heat pump circuit, and a suction-side refrigerant heat withdrawer for performing heat-exchange between refrigerant to be supplied to the compressor and absorbing liquid to be supplied to the regenerator.24. The heat pump system using waste heats according to claim 23 , wherein a branch pipe that is branched from an absorbing liquid feeding pipe from the absorber to the regenerator is provided claim 23 , and the suction-side refrigerant heat withdrawer is provided to the branch pipe.25. The heat pump system using waste heat according to claim 23 , wherein a ...

Heat Reclaiming Refrigeration System Using Compound Multi Heat Sink Condenser

A method, and or process, of achieving a double-wall heat recovery refrigeration condenser system, capable, within a single compound condenser, of energy transfer to a heat recovery heat sink, or multiple heat recovery heat sinks, as well as a heat rejection sink, in, any combination of, or all of, the individual heat sinks, in any ratio, requiring no change in the amount of active working fluid, typically a refrigerant, charge requirement. The compound condenser thus eliminates the need for working fluid storage, and controls for controlling said storage, found in typical multi heat sink condenser systems, and also, thus eliminates the complexity associated with said controls and storage. This manner of condenser is used as part of a vapor compression refrigeration system to typically, but not exclusively, reclaim heat from a refrigeration process, for the purpose of heating water.

AIRCRAFT GALLEY AIR CHILLER SYSTEM

A chiller for an aircraft galley that is sized to be disposed in a compartment for housing beverage carts, the chiller comprising a vapor cycle refrigeration system with a liquid cooled condenser located within the housing and a liquid cooling unit located within the housing. Further, the vapor cycle refrigeration system and the liquid cooling unit have a combined footprint that is less than a footprint of a food and beverage cart within the housing, such that the space occupied by the chiller displaces no more than one beverage cart.

REFRIGERATION AND HEATING SYSTEM

A refrigeration and heating system () comprises a refrigeration circuit () which comprises in the direction of flow of a circulating refrigerant: at least one compressor (, , ); a refrigeration circuit side () of a coupling heat exchanger (); at least one gas cooler (); at least one gas cooler bypass line () and at least one gas cooler bypass valve assembly () allowing to bypass the at least one gas cooler (); at least one expansion device () and at least one evaporator (). The refrigeration and heating system () further comprises a heating circuit () which comprises in the direction of flow of a circulating heating fluid: a heating circuit side () of the coupling heat exchanger () and at least one heating device (). The coupling heat exchanger () is configured for transferring heat from the circulating refrigerant to the circulating heating fluid; and the gas cooler bypass valve assembly () is configured for allowing to selectively direct a first flow of refrigerant either through the gas cooler () or through the gas cooler bypass line () bypassing the gas cooler () and to gradually or continuously regulate a second flow of refrigerant flowing through the other of the gas cooler () and the gas cooler bypass line () which mixes with the first flow downstream of the gas cooler (). 12. Refrigeration and heating system () comprising{'b': '4', 'a refrigeration circuit () which comprises in the direction of flow of a circulating refrigerant{'b': 6', '6', '6, 'i': a', 'b', 'c, 'at least one compressor (, , );'}{'b': '8', 'a refrigeration circuit side (Sa) of a coupling heat exchanger ();'}{'b': '10', 'at least one gas cooler ();'}{'b': 18', '25', '10, 'at least one gas cooler bypass line () and at least one gas cooler bypass valve assembly () allowing to bypass the at least one gas cooler ();'}{'b': 12', '14, 'at least one expansion device (, ); and'}{'b': '16', 'at least one evaporator (); and'}{'b': '20', 'a heating circuit () which comprises in the direction of flow of ...

Beverage maker

A beverage maker may include a fermentation device including a fermentation tank assembly having an opening, and a fermentation lid that opens and closes the opening, a refrigeration cycle including a compressor, a condenser, an expansion mechanism, and an evaporator formed therein such that a refrigerant circulates in the compressor, the condenser, the expansion mechanism, and the evaporator, which may adjust a temperature inside the fermentation tank assembly; a blower that may dissipate heat emitted by the condenser; a gas discharger connected to the fermentation device that discharges gas inside the fermentation device; and a rear cover provided behind the fermentation device which may include a through-hole such that both air blown by the blower and gas discharged from the gas discharger may be discharged through the through-hole.

Heat Exchange System

A heat exchange system operating on a vapor compression cycle is capable of operating in both an air conditioning mode and a heat pump mode. The heat exchange system can include a parallel flow heat exchanger that operates as a condenser in one mode and as an evaporator in the other mode. The heat exchanger can include a first, second, and third fluid manifold, with fluid conduits connecting the first and second fluid manifolds, and with additional fluid conduits connecting the second and third fluid manifolds. The heat exchanger can be configured to transfer heat between a working fluid traveling through the fluid conduits and another fluid, such as an air flow passing over the fluid conduits. 1. A heat exchange system capable of operating both an air conditioning mode and a heat pump mode , comprising:a compressor operable to compress and circulate a refrigerant through the heat exchange system;an expansion device operable to expand the refrigerant from a high pressure liquid state to a low pressure two-phase state;a reversing valve operable to direct the flow of refrigerant through the heat exchange system, the reversing valve having a first port fluidly connected to an inlet of the compressor to direct the flow of refrigerant thereto, a second port fluidly connected to an outlet of the compressor to receive the flow of refrigerant therefrom, a third port, and a fourth port;a first fluid flow path extending between the third port of the reversing valve and a first port of the expansion device;a second fluid flow path extending between the fourth port of the reversing valve and a second port of the expansion device, the second fluid flow path including a first branch portion and a second branch portion arranged fluidly in parallel with the first branch portion; anda heat exchanger having a first plurality of fluid conduits and a second plurality of fluid conduits, wherein the first plurality of fluid conduits and the second plurality of fluid conduits provide ...

AIR CONDITIONING APPARATUS

An air conditioning apparatus includes a defrosting flow channel mechanism. The air conditioning apparatus performs an air-warming defrost operation in which refrigerant sent from an indoor heat exchanger to an outdoor heat exchanger is evaporated while defrosting an arbitrarily selected heat exchange path using the defrosting flow channel mechanism. In the defrost operation, the refrigerant sent to the outdoor heat exchanger from the indoor heat exchanger is not channeled into the refrigerant flow diverter but is passed through the arbitrarily selected heat exchange path from the gas-side end to the liquid-side end of the arbitrarily selected heat exchange path, and the refrigerant passed through the arbitrarily selected heat exchange path flows through the refrigerant flow diverter to be passed through other heat exchange paths other than the arbitrarily selected heat exchange path from the liquid-side end to the gas-side end of the other heat exchange paths. 1. An air conditioning apparatus comprising:a compressor configured to compress a refrigerant;an indoor heat exchanger configured to radiate heat of the refrigerant compressed in the compressor;an outdoor heat exchanger configured to evaporate the refrigerant heat-radiated in the indoor heat exchanger by heat exchange with outdoor air;a refrigerant flow diverter; anda defrosting flow channel mechanism,the compressor the indoor heat exchanged the outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioning apparatus being sequentially connected and configured to perform an air-warming operation in which refrigerant is circulated in order through the compressor, the indoor heat exchanger, the outdoor heat exchanger, and the compressor,the outdoor heat exchanger having a plurality of heat exchange paths connected in parallel to each other, with liquid-side ends of the heat exchange paths connected in parallel by the refrigerant flow diverter configured to branch the refrigerant sent to the outdoor heat exchanger from the ...

Method and apparatus for retrofitting an air conditioning system using all-weather solar heating

The invention discloses a method and apparatus for retrofitting air conditioning system using all-weather solar heating. In air conditioning system in which original single cold host is equipped with a cooling tower and a boiler, plate heat exchanger, solar collector plate, energy storage tank and circulating pipelines are provided. The cooling tower is used to absorb the heat in the winter air. The solar collector plate is used to absorb solar thermal heat and transfer to the plate heat exchanger. The single cold machine is used to absorb the heat of the antifreeze liquid. The plate heat exchanger is provided to form a secondary cycle so as to avoid icing risk of the antifreeze liquid. At the outdoor temperature more than five degrees, the indoor users is heated without operating the boiler, which maintains summer operation performance and meanwhile increases winter heating function without changing the original system.

Electronic expansion valve (eev) control system and method

Systems and methods to control an electronic expansion valve (EEV) of a vapor compression system are described. A heating ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system includes control circuitry having a sensor. The control circuitry sets a control setpoint of a vapor compression system such that an electronic expansion valve operates across a first operating range. The control circuitry receives a signal from the sensor indicative of an operating condition of the vapor compression system. The control circuitry adjusts the control setpoint based at least in part on the operating condition. The control circuitry controls operation of the electronic expansion valve based at least in part on the adjusted control setpoint, wherein the electronic expansion valve operates across a second operating range, different from the first operating range, at the adjusted control setpoint.

MODULAR REFRIGERATION AND HEAT RECLAMATION CHILLER

The present technology provides a modular refrigeration and heat reclamation chiller system comprising an evaporator configured to vaporize a refrigerant to cool the refrigerant, a compressor coupled to the evaporator and configured to compress the refrigerant, a condenser coupled to the compressor and configured to condense the refrigerant compressed by the compressor, a sub-cooler coupled to the condenser and configured to receive the refrigerant from the condenser so as to selectively extract heat from the refrigerant and to transfer the refrigerant to the evaporator, and an expansion valve coupled to both the sub-cooler and the evaporator. 1. A modular refrigeration and heat reclamation chiller system comprising:an evaporator configured to vaporize a refrigerant to cool the refrigerant;a compressor coupled to the evaporator and configured to compress the refrigerant;a condenser coupled to the compressor and configured to condense the refrigerant compressed by the compressor;a sub-cooler coupled to the condenser and configured to receive the refrigerant from the condenser so as to selectively extract heat from the refrigerant and to transfer the refrigerant to the evaporator; andan expansion valve coupled to both the sub-cooler and the evaporator.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the condenser claim 1 , the evaporator claim 1 , and the expansion valve each have a refrigerant capacity claim 1 , the refrigerant capacities of all of the condenser claim 1 , the evaporator claim 1 , and the expansion valve are greater than the refrigerant capacity of the compressor.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the refrigerant capacity of the condenser claim 2 , evaporator claim 2 , sub-cooler claim 2 , and expansion valve produce a compression ratio of less than about 6:1 relative to the compressor.4. The system of claim 2 , wherein the refrigerant capacity of the condenser claim 2 , evaporator claim 2 , sub-cooler claim 2 , and expansion valve produce a compression ratio of ...

Power Generation System and Method

A method is disclosed for generating and distributing electric power for localized use. The method entails providing an enclosed building having an air conditioning and ventilation unit for supplying cooled air within the building, the unit including a closed loop circuit configured to operate a closed loop refrigeration cycle, including a compressor operable to compress a working fluid of the closed loop circuit. The method further includes engaging an internal combustion engine with the compressor and operating the internal combustion engine to drive the compressor, thereby transferring energy to the refrigeration cycle. The method may also involve engaging an electric motor with the compressor and operating the electric motor to drive the compressor, thereby transferring energy to the refrigeration cycle. 1. A method of generating and distributing electric power to meet localized demand , said method comprising:providing a local environment having an air conditioning unit for supplying cooled air within the local environment, the unit including a loop circuit configured to operate a loop refrigeration cycle, including a compressor operable to compress a working fluid of the closed loop circuit;engaging an internal combustion engine with the compressor; andoperating the internal combustion engine to drive the compressor, thereby transferring energy to the refrigeration cycle.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:engaging an electric motor generator unit with the compressor; and operating the electric motor generator unit to drive the compressor, thereby transferring energy to the refrigeration cycle.3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising:before engaging the electric motor generator unit, disengaging the internal combustion engine from the compressor.4. The method of claim 2 , further comprising:selectively engaging one of the internal combustion engine and electric motor generator unit to drive the compressor.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein ...

PVT HEAT PUMP SYSTEM CAPABLE OF ACHIEVING DAY-NIGHT TIME-SHARED COMBINED COOLING, HEATING AND POWER USING SOLAR RADIATION AND SKY COLD RADIATION

The present invention provides a PVT heat pump system capable of achieving day-night time-shared combined cooling, heating and power using solar radiation and sky cold radiation. The system utilizes a photovoltaic power generation technology and a PVT heat pump technology simultaneously, both of which are relatively independent and promoted to each other in the function. The main energy sources of the system are solar radiation energy and sky long-wave cold radiation energy, and the energy is respectively transformed into electric energy, thermal energy and cold energy via a PVT photoelectric-evaporation/condensation module at different times in different working modes. The system of the present invention integrates power generation, heating, refrigeration and many other functions; and the equipment has simple composition, high utilization rate and remarkable energy-saving effect, thereby improving the energy utilization rate to the maximum extent, and achieving a multi-purpose machine and day-night time-shared combined cooling, heat and power. 1. A PVT heat pump system capable of achieving day-night time-shared combined cooling , heating and power using solar radiation and sky cold radiation , utilizing a photovoltaic power generation technology and a PVT heat pump technology simultaneously , both of which are relatively independent and promoted to each other in the function , the main energy sources of the systems are solar radiation energy and sky long-wave cold radiation energy , and the energy transfer mode includes radiation and heat conduction , and the heat convection is supplemented , thereby achieving the output of electric energy , thermal energy and cold energy on the same system at different times in different working modes , and achieving a multi-purpose machine and day-night time-shared combined cooling heat and power , whereinthe PVT heat pump system comprises a PVT photoelectric-evaporation/condensation module, a compressor, a four-way reversing ...

AIR CONDITIONER

The air conditioner includes an outdoor unit and an indoor unit . The outdoor unit includes an outdoor heat exchanger , a compressor , an outdoor fan , a temperature detector for detecting a temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger , and a temperature detector for detecting an outdoor temperature. The indoor unit includes an indoor heat exchanger and an indoor fan . The air conditioner has a heating operation mode: that is, when the outdoor temperature reaches a predetermined first specified temperature or lower during a heating operation, the air conditioner stops the heating operation and goes to standby, and thereafter, when the outdoor temperature reaches a temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined second specified temperature higher than the first specified temperature, the air conditioner executes a defrosting operation and subsequently resumes the heating operation. 1. An air conditioner comprising an outdoor unit and an indoor unit , wherein the outdoor unit includes: an outdoor heat exchanger; a compressor and an outdoor fan both changeable in rotational speed; a temperature detector for detecting a temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger; and a temperature detector for detecting an outdoor temperature , while the indoor unit includes: an indoor heat exchanger; and an indoor fan changeable in rotational speed , whereby the air conditioner is enabled to execute a heating operation toward indoors and a defrosting operation toward the outdoor unit , and whereinthe air conditioner has a heating operation mode: that is, when the outdoor temperature reaches a predetermined first specified temperature or lower during a heating operation, the air conditioner stops the heating operation and goes to standby, and thereafter, when the outdoor temperature reaches a temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined second specified temperature higher than the first specified temperature, the air conditioner executes a defrosting operation and subsequently ...

REFRIGERATION CYCLE APPARATUS

A refrigeration cycle apparatus simultaneously performs a cooling operation mode in which a refrigerant from a compressor is caused to flow to an indoor heat exchanger of an indoor unit having a cooling load, and a hot water supply operation mode in which a refrigerant from the compressor is caused to flow to a water heat exchanger of a hot water supply unit having a hot water supply demand. An operation control part switches the control mode of the simultaneous cooling and heating and hot water supply operation mode between a cooling-prioritized mode and a hot-water-supply-prioritized mode according to the relationship between the cooling load and the hot water supply load. 112-. (canceled)13. A refrigeration cycle apparatus comprising:a heat source unit including a compressor whose operation frequency is controllable;a hot water supply unit including a water-side circuit configured by connecting, by a pipe, a hot water storage tank, and a water heat exchanger that heats water within the hot water storage tank;an indoor unit connecting by a pipe to the heat source unit in parallel with the hot water supply unit; anda controller including an operation control part that controls operations of individual units, wherein includes a simultaneous cooling and hot water supply operation mode, in which a cooling operation mode in which a refrigerant from the compressor is caused to flow to the indoor unit having a cooling load, and a hot water supply operation mode in which the refrigerant from the compressor is caused to flow to the hot water supply unit having a hot water supply demand, are performed simultaneously,', 'includes, as control modes of the simultaneous cooling and hot water supply operation mode, a cooling-prioritized mode in which the operation frequency of the compressor is controlled according to the cooling load and a hot-water-supply-prioritized mode in which the operation frequency of the compressor is controlled according to the hot water supply demand, ...

HEAT CYCLE FOR TRANSFER OF HEAT BETWEEN MEDIA AND FOR GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY

A heat pump circuit including a compressor that compresses a working fluid from a gas in a low pressure, low temperature first state to a high pressure, a high temperature second state. A first subflow of the working fluid is condensed into a gaseous/liquid mixture and assumes a third state by the working fluid delivering heat to a first medium. The first subflow of the working fluid is expanded and returns to a gas in the first state by absorbing heat from a second medium, whereupon the working fluid completes the cycle again. A second subflow of the compressed working fluid is expanded from the second state and the energy contents in the second subflow converted into electrical energy, whereafter the expanded working fluid is returned to the compressor after passage of the evaporator, or after expansion in the energy converter from the second to the first state. 1. A method in a refrigerant cycle comprising a working fluid , the method comprising:{'sub': 1', '1', 'h', 'h, 'compressing the working fluid in a cycle from a first state with a low pressure pand a low temperature tinto a second state with a high pressure pand a high temperature t,'}{'sub': m', 'm', '1', 'm', 'h', '1', 'm', 'h, 'cooling the working fluid such that the working fluid assumes a third state with a pressure pand a temperature t, whereby p Подробнее

Air-conditioning apparatus

A cooling device includes a cooling-side intermediate heat exchanger that causes heat exchange to be performed between a heat medium and a cooling refrigerant that flows in a cooling refrigerant circuit. A heating device includes a heating-side intermediate heat exchanger that causes heat exchange to be performed between the heat medium and heating refrigerant that flows in a heating refrigerant circuit. The cooling device and the heating device are connected in series in a heat-medium circulation circuit in which the heat medium circulates.

INTEGRATED HEAT PUMP AND WATER HEATING CIRCUIT

An integrated heat pump and water heating circuit for space heating and cooling and heating domestic water. The circuit includes a first heat exchanger for the domestic water, a second heat exchanger for the source (heat source/sink) with a first dedicated expansion valve, and a third exchanger for the space with a second dedicated expansion valve. The circuit has four modes of operation. In the first mode, the space is cooled and heat is rejected to the source. In the second mode, the space is heated while heat is absorbed from the source. In the third mode, the circuit absorbs heat from the source and heats the water supply. In a fourth mode, the water supply is heated and the space is cooled simultaneously. In each mode, one heat exchanger is inactive, and the charge from the inactive heat exchanger is reclaimed to the suction side of the compressor. 1. A heat pump and water heating circuit for a structure , wherein the structure has a heat pump source , a domestic water supply , and an space to be cooled and heated , the circuit comprising;a compressor having an inlet and an outlet; ["a first heat exchanger fluidly connectable to the structure's domestic water supply, the first heat exchanger operable as a condenser to heat the water supply;", "a second heat exchanger fluidly connectable to the heat pump's source, the second heat exchanger being operable alternately as an evaporator and a condenser to selective reject heat to or absorb heat from the source;", 'a third heat exchanger fluidly connected to the space, the third heat exchanger being operable alternately as an evaporator and a condenser to selectively cool or heat the space;, 'a plurality of heat exchangers comprisinga conduit assembly fluidly connecting the compressor and the plurality of heat exchangers to form a refrigerant circuit;a first one-way expansion valve in the conduit assembly positioned to meter only refrigerant entering the second heat exchanger and only when the second heat exchanger ...

COMPRESSOR CRANK CASE HEATER ENERGY REDUCTION

A method of operating an air conditioning system includes cooling a selected space with the air conditioning system. The air conditioning system includes two or more compressors and two or more crank case heaters. Each crank case heater of the two or more crank case heaters is associated with a compressor of the two or more compressors. Operation of the two or more compressors is stopped, thus initiating operation of the two or more crank case heaters. The air conditioning system is switched to a conservation mode, including de-powering at least one compressor of the two or more compressors and an associated at least one crank case heater or the two or more crank case heaters thereby reducing energy consumption of the two or more crank case heaters. 1. A method of operating an air conditioning system comprising:cooling a selected space with the air conditioning system including:two or more compressors; andtwo or more crank case heaters, each crank case heater of the two or more crank case heaters associated with a compressor of the two or more compressors;stopping operation of the two or more compressors, thus initiating operation of the two or more crank case heaters; andswitching the air conditioning system to a conservation mode, including de-powering at least one compressor of the two or more compressors and an associated at least one crank case heater or the two or more crank case heaters thereby reducing energy consumption of the two or more crank case heaters.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising utilizing the remaining compressors of the two or more compressors to provide cooling to the selected space.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the remaining compressors comprise two or fewer compressors.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the two or more compressors comprises four or more compressors.5. The method of claim 5 , further comprising switching the air conditioning system from the conservation mode to a normal mode wherein all of the crank case ...

Energy saving system for producing cooled and heated liquid

A system for producing a cooled liquid and a heated liquid. Such a system may be embodied in the form of a unitary apparatus configured to dispense chilled water and near boiling water for human consumption. In one form, there is provided a system for heating and cooling a liquid, the system including: a liquid cooling unit having a heat output component, and a first liquid heater configured to hold and heat a liquid. The first liquid heater is configured to retain a first body of the liquid about the heat output component such that the liquid is heated, and furthermore that a temperature gradient is formed and maintained within the first body of the liquid.

REDISTRIBUTION OF CONDENSATE FOR INCREASED COOLING CAPACITY

A heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration (HVAC&R) unit includes an evaporator circulating a flow of refrigerant therethrough to cool a flow of compartment air flowing over the evaporator, and a condenser operably connected to the evaporator to condense the flow of refrigerant therethrough. The evaporator and the condenser are relatively positioned such that a liquid condensate at an exterior of the evaporator is directed by gravity onto an exterior of the condenser to increase an operating capacity of the condenser. 1. A heating , ventilation , air conditioning and refrigeration (HVAC&R) unit , comprising:an evaporator circulating a flow of refrigerant therethrough to cool a flow of compartment air flowing over the evaporator; anda condenser operably connected to the evaporator to condense the flow of refrigerant therethrough;wherein the evaporator and the condenser are relatively positioned such that a liquid condensate at an exterior of the evaporator is directed by gravity onto an exterior of the condenser to increase an operating capacity of the condenser.2. The HVAC&R unit of claim 1 , further comprising:an evaporator fan to direct a first airflow across the evaporator; anda condenser fan to direct a second airflow across the condenser;wherein one or more of the evaporator fan and the condenser fan are disposed between the evaporator and the condenser in a path of the liquid condensate to distribute the liquid condensate over a condenser surface.3. The HVAC&R unit of claim 1 , further comprising a first distribution plate disposed between the evaporator and the condenser in a path of the liquid condensate claim 1 , the first distribution plate including a plurality of first distribution plate openings claim 1 , the plurality of first distribution openings configured and arranged to evenly distribute the liquid condensate over a condenser surface.4. The HVAC&R unit of claim 3 , wherein the first distribution plate is positioned non-parallel to ...

Refrigeration apparatus

A refrigeration apparatus includes a multistage compression mechanism, a heat-source-side main heat exchanger, at least one heat-source-side sub heat exchanger, a usage-side heat exchanger, a switching mechanism, an expansion mechanism and a refrigerant piping group. The refrigerant piping group connects the multistage compression mechanism, the switching mechanism, the heat-source-side main heat exchanger, the heat-source-side sub heat exchanger, the expansion mechanism and the usage-side heat exchanger so that during the heating operation, the heat-source-side main heat exchanger and the heat-source-side sub heat exchanger are connected in series.

CONDUIT MODULE COUPLED WITH HEATING OR COOLING MODULE

A heating and cooling system for use with hot, cold and source fluid circuits. A conduit module couples a heating/cooling module with the fluid circuits. The conduit module includes four three-way valves to communicated fluid from and to the fluid circuits to first and second heat exchangers in the heating/cooling module. The first heat exchanger is used to heat a fluid flow and the second one chills a second fluid flow. The conduit module simultaneously supplies a hot fluid flow to a hot fluid circuit and a cold fluid to a cold fluid circuit. The source fluid is routed by the conduit module. A method of circulating fluid is also disclosed. 1. A method for circulating heating and cooling fluids comprising first , second and source fluids to and from first , second , and source fluid circuits , comprising: first, second, and third supply conduits to convey the first, second, and source fluids to the respective first, second, and source fluid circuits, wherein the first supply conduit is configured to convey at least the first fluid to the first fluid circuit for a heating load and the second supply conduit is configured to convey at least the second fluid to the second fluid circuit for a cooling load;', 'first, second, and third return conduits to receive the first, second, and source fluids from the respective first, second, and source fluid circuits;', the first three-way valve is connected to the first return conduit and the third return conduit, wherein the first three-way valve selectively regulates flow of the first fluid from the first return conduit and flow of the source fluid from the third return conduit to a first heat exchanger,', 'the second three-way valve is connected to the first supply conduit and the third supply conduit, wherein the second three-way valve selectively regulates flow of the first and source fluids from the first heat exchanger to the respective first and third supply conduits for selective distribution to the respective first and ...

Refrigeration Circuit, Gas-Liquid Separator and Heating and Cooling System

A refrigeration circuit is disclosed circulating a refrigerant and comprising in the direction of flow of the refrigerant a compressor (); at least one condenser () for rejecting heat to ambient air; an expansion device (); and an evaporator (). The refrigeration circuit further comprises a collecting container (), the output of which being connected to the expansion device (); a heat rejecting heat exchanger () for heat exchange of the refrigerant to a heat pump system, the output of the heat rejecting heat exchanger () being connected to the collecting container (); and means (V V) for connecting the heat rejecting heat exchanger () or at least one of the condenser(s) () to the output of the compressor () depending on the availability of cooling power at the heat rejecting heat exchanger (). 1. A refrigeration circuit for circulating a refrigerant and comprising in the direction of flow of the refrigerant:a compressor;at least one condenser for rejecting heat to ambient air;an expansion device; andan evaporator;the refrigeration circuit further comprising{'b': '8', 'a collecting container, the output of which being connected to the expansion device ();'}a heat rejecting heat exchanger for heat exchange of the refrigerant to at heat pump system, the output of the heat rejecting heat exchanger being connected to the collecting container; andmeans for connecting the heat rejecting heat exchanger or the at least one condensor to the output of the compressor depending on the availability of cooling power at the heat rejecting heat exchanger; anda gas-liquid-separator arranged in a line connecting an output of the heat rejecting heat exchanger to the collecting container, the gas-liquid-separator separating the refrigerant coming from the heat rejecting heat exchanger into a gaseous phase refrigerant portion and liquid phase refrigerant portion and having a gaseous phase output and a liquid phase output.2. The refrigeration circuit of claim 1 , the pressure line of the ...

INDOOR UNIT OF AIR CONDITIONER

The indoor unit includes a plurality of outlet openings. In airflow rotation of the indoor unit, a full blowout mode and a partial blowout mode are executed. In the full blowout mode, all the outlet openings blow conditioned air. In the partial blowout mode, the flow of the blowing air of part of the outlet openings are blocked by the air current blocking mechanism, and thus the blowing wind speeds of the remaining outlet openings increases. As a result, an air temperature difference among parts of the indoor space decreases, and the comfort of the indoor space is improved. 115-. (canceled)17. The indoor unit of the air conditioner of claim 16 , wherein during the full blowout mode, a direction of the flow of the blowing air of all the outlet openings varies and', 'during the partial blowout mode, the flow of the blowing air of the outlet openings at which the blowing wind speed increases is directed horizontally., 'in a cooling operation in which cooled conditioned air is supplied to the indoor space,'}, 'the controller controls the wind direction adjusting slat so that'}19. The indoor unit of the air conditioner of claim 16 , whereinthe outlet openings, part of the plurality of outlet openings, constitute a first opening, and the outlet opening, the rest of the plurality of outlet openings, constitute a second opening; and [ a first partial blowout mode of blocking flow of blowing air of the second opening by the air current blocking mechanism and increasing a blowing wind speed at the first opening and', 'a second partial blowout mode of blocking flow of blowing air of the first opening by the air current blocking mechanism and increasing a blowing wind speed at the second opening, 'at least one of'}, 'is performed in the airflow rotation., 'the controller controls the air current blocking mechanism so that'}20. The indoor unit of the air conditioner of claim 18 , whereinthe outlet openings, part of the plurality of outlet openings, constitute a first opening, ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR HYBRID WATER HEATING AND AIR COOLING AND CONTROL THEREOF

A system for conditioning air circulated from an interior of a building includes a refrigerant path, an air-cooled condenser in the refrigerant path, a water-cooled condenser in the refrigerant path that transfers heat from refrigerant in the refrigerant path to the building water, an evaporator in the refrigerant path, and a control system. The control system moves the system between operation of the air-cooled condenser and the water-cooled condenser based upon predetermined system conditions. 1. A system for conditioning air and for heating water , comprising:a first refrigerant path;a second refrigerant path that is independent of the first refrigerant path;a first condenser in the first refrigerant path and the second refrigerant path and disposed in an air flow so that the first condenser transfers heat to air in the air flow path from refrigerant in the first refrigerant path that moves through the first condenser and transfers heat to the air from refrigerant in the second refrigerant path that moves through the first condenser;a second condenser in the first refrigerant path and that defines a water flow path so that the second condenser transfers heat to water in the water flow path from the refrigerant in the first refrigerant path that moves through the second condenser; anda control system in operative communication with the first refrigerant path and configured to direct the refrigerant in the first refrigerant path, in a first state of the first refrigerant path, to the first condenser and not to the second condenser and, in a second state of the first refrigerant path, to the second condenser,wherein the control system is configured to determine a condition under which the system activates the first refrigerant path and deactivates the second refrigerant path and to move the first refrigerant path from the second state to the first state responsively to the condition.2. The system as in claim 1 , wherein the condition is a level of a pressure in the ...

Apparatus and method for hybrid water heating and air cooling and control thereof

A system for conditioning air circulated from an interior of a building includes a refrigerant path, an air-cooled condenser in the refrigerant path, a water-cooled condenser in the refrigerant path that transfers heat from refrigerant in the refrigerant path to the building water, an evaporator in the refrigerant path, and a control system. The control system moves the system between operation of the air-cooled condenser and the water-cooled condenser based upon predetermined system conditions.

AIR-CONDITIONING APPARATUS

An air-conditioning apparatus includes a refrigerant circuit including a compressor, a first refrigerant flow switching device, a plurality of intermediate heat exchangers, a first expansion device, and a heat-source-side heat exchanger, through all of which a refrigerant circulates and all of which in combination form a refrigeration cycle; and a heat medium circuit including the plurality of intermediate heat exchangers, a pump, and a plurality of use-side heat exchangers, through all of which a heat medium circulates. The air-conditioning apparatus further includes a heat medium energy storage that is connected to the heat medium circuit and stores the heat medium; and an intra-storage heat exchanger that is connected to the refrigerant circuit and heats or cools the heat medium in the heat medium energy storage by using the heat-source-side refrigerant supplied thereto. 1. An air-conditioning apparatus comprising:a refrigerant circuit including a compressor, a first refrigerant flow switching device, a plurality of intermediate heat exchangers, a first expansion device, and a heat-source-side heat exchanger, through all of which a refrigerant circulates and all of which in combination form a refrigeration cycle; anda heat medium circuit including the plurality of intermediate heat exchangers, a pump, and a plurality of use-side heat exchangers, through all of which a heat medium circulates, a heat medium energy storage that is connected to the heat medium circuit and configured to store the heat medium; and', 'an intra-storage heat exchanger that is connected to the refrigerant circuit and configured to heat or cool the heat medium in the heat medium energy storage by using the heat-source-side refrigerant supplied thereto,, 'wherein the air-conditioning apparatus further comprises'}wherein the heat medium that is heated in the heat medium energy storage and is stored with heating energy in the heat medium energy storage is transported to any of the use-side ...

HVAC System

There is provided a HVAC system comprising: a fluid circuit for conveying a refrigerant; a compressor for compressing the refrigerant; three heat exchangers defining an evaporator, an outdoor exchanger and a heat recovery exchanger provided along the fluid circuit; an expansion valve provided along the fluid circuit; and a receiver connected in parallel to the expansion valve, wherein a fill valve is located between the receiver and a connection upstream of the expansion valve and a drain valve is located between the receiver and a connection downstream of the expansion valve; wherein the fluid circuit comprises a plurality of valves which are configured to be controlled based on a selected operating mode such that at least one of the outdoor exchanger and the heat recovery exchanger is connected to a discharge line of the compressor and in series with one of the other heat exchangers which is connected to a suction line of the compressor, with the expansion valve disposed between the heat exchangers; wherein the fill and drain valves are configured to be controlled to store a volume of refrigerant in the receiver so as to provide an effective refrigerant charge in the fluid circuit that corresponds to the selected operating mode. 1. A HVAC system comprising:a fluid circuit for conveying a refrigerant;a compressor for compressing the refrigerant;three heat exchangers defining an evaporator, an outdoor exchanger and a heat recovery exchanger provided along the fluid circuit;an expansion valve provided along the fluid circuit; anda receiver connected in parallel to the expansion valve, wherein a fill valve is located between the receiver and a connection upstream of the expansion valve and a drain valve is located between the receiver and a connection downstream of the expansion valve;wherein the fluid circuit comprises a plurality of valves which are configured to be controlled based on a selected operating mode such that at least one of the outdoor exchanger and the ...

Systems and Methods for Warming a Cryogenic Heat Exchanger Array, for Compact and Efficient Refrigeration, and for Adaptive Power Management

In accordance with an embodiment of the invention, there is provided a method of warming a heat exchanger array of a very low temperature refrigeration system, the method comprising diverting at least a portion of refrigerant flow in the refrigeration system away from a refrigerant flow circuit used during very low temperature cooling operation of the refrigeration system, to effect warming of at least a portion of the heat exchanger array; and while diverting the at least a portion of refrigerant flow, preventing excessive refrigerant mass flow through a compressor of the refrigeration system. 1. A method of warming a heat exchanger array of a very low temperature refrigeration system , the method comprising:diverting at least a portion of refrigerant flow in the refrigeration system away from a refrigerant flow circuit used during very low temperature cooling operation of the refrigeration system, to effect warming of at least a portion of the heat exchanger array; andwhile diverting the at least a portion of refrigerant flow, preventing excessive refrigerant mass flow through a compressor of the refrigeration system.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the diverting at least a portion of the refrigerant flow comprises diverting at least a portion of refrigerant flow from the compressor to a point in the heat exchanger array.3. A method according to claim 2 , wherein the point in the heat exchanger array comprises a low pressure inlet of a coldest heat exchanger in the heat exchanger array.4. A method according to claim 2 , wherein the point in the heat exchanger array comprises a low pressure inlet of a next-to-coldest heat exchanger in the heat exchanger array.5. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the preventing excessive refrigerant mass flow comprises operating a buffer valve to permit refrigerant to be stored in at least one of an expansion tank and a buffer tank of the refrigeration system.6. A method according to claim 5 , comprising operating ...

REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS WITH A FIRST COMPRESSOR SYSTEM AND A SECOND COMPRESSOR SYSTEM

A refrigeration system includes a first compressor system, a second compressor system, a first conduit, a heat exchanger, a second conduit, and a third conduit. The first compressor system includes a plurality of first compressors. The second compressor system includes a plurality of second compressors. The first conduit is configured to provide refrigerant from the first compressor system to the second compressor system. The second conduit is fluidly coupled to the first conduit and configured to provide the refrigerant from the first compressor system to the heat exchanger. The third conduit is configured to provide the refrigerant from the second compressor system to the heat exchanger. 1. A refrigeration system comprising:a first compressor system comprising a plurality of first compressors;a second compressor system comprising a plurality of second compressors;a first conduit configured to provide refrigerant from the first compressor system to the second compressor system;a heat exchanger;a second conduit fluidly coupled to the first conduit and configured to provide the refrigerant from the first compressor system to the heat exchanger; anda third conduit configured to provide the refrigerant from the second compressor system to the heat exchanger.2. The refrigeration system of claim 1 , further comprising a fourth conduit configured to provide the refrigerant from the heat exchanger to one or more defrost targets.3. The refrigeration system of claim 2 , wherein:the heat exchanger comprises a first circuit and a second circuit;the second conduit is configured to provide the refrigerant to the second circuit;the third conduit is configured to provide the refrigerant to the first circuit and receive the refrigerant from the first circuit; andthe fourth conduit is configured to provide the refrigerant from the second circuit.4. The refrigeration system of claim 3 , further comprising a flash tank configured to receive the refrigerant from the third conduit; ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD OF CONTROLLING TEMPERATURE OF A MEDIUM BY REFRIGERANT VAPORIZATION

A system and method of controlling temperature of a medium by refrigerant vaporization, the system including a container, at least one a refrigerant reservoir having at least one reservoir section that includes a wall with an exterior surface structured to be thermally coupled with a volume of the medium in the container and to provide a volume of medium thermal coverage in the container, a vapor pressure apparatus to provide regulation of refrigerant vapor pressure in the at least one refrigerant reservoir, whereby the refrigerant reservoir forms a vapor space in each of the at least one reservoir section in response to receiving refrigerant and to the vapor pressure apparatus regulation of vapor pressure above the refrigerant to enable refrigerant vaporization at or near a selected temperature of the volume of medium in the container that is thermally coupled to the respective reservoir section. 1. A system to control a temperature of a medium by refrigerant vaporization , comprising:a container having an exterior and an interior;at least one refrigerant reservoir associated with the container, the at least one refrigerant reservoir having at least one reservoir section configured to hold refrigerant, each at least one reservoir section having a wall with an exterior surface structured to be thermally coupled with a volume of the medium in the container and to provide thermal change to the volume of the medium in the container and thereby provide a volume of medium thermal coverage in the container, the volume of medium thermal coverage having an outside boundary;a vapor pressure apparatus to provide regulation of refrigerant vapor pressure in the at least one refrigerant reservoir; andwherein the at least one refrigerant reservoir is configured to form a vapor space in each of the at least one reservoir sections in response to receiving refrigerant and in response to the vapor pressure apparatus regulation of vapor pressure above the refrigerant to enable ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR HEAT RECOVERY ON A VAPOUR REFRIGERATION SYSTEM

A method and a device for heat recovery on a vapour compression refrigeration system allowing the produce hot water, includes at least a first piping closed refrigerating circuit in which a refrigerant fluid circulates, a compressor, an evaporator, an expansion valve, a condenser and/or a heat recovery unit including a water inlet and a water outlet respectively connected to a second piping circuit including a circulating pump. At least one physical unit of the refrigerant fluid and/or water of the second piping circuit is determined. When the physical unit is lower than a predetermined threshold, condensing temperature is increased, and when said physical unit is greater than said predetermined threshold, condensing temperature is decreased to a minimum value. 116.-. (canceled)17. A method for heat recovery on a vapour compression refrigeration system allowing to produce hot water , said refrigeration system including at least a first piping closed refrigerating circuit in which a refrigerant fluid circulates , a compressor , an evaporator , an expansion valve , a condenser and a heat recovery unit including a water inlet and a water outlet respectively connected to a second piping circuit including a circulating pump and a preheated water tank , said method comprising at least the steps of entering the refrigerant fluid in a vapour saturated state into the compressor , compressing the refrigerant fluid to a higher pressure resulting in a higher temperature , in such a way that the refrigerant fluid is in a superheated vapour state , cooling and condensing the refrigerant fluid in superheated vapour state into a saturated liquid by passing the fluid in superheated vapour state through the condenser and/or heat recovery unit , passing the saturated liquid through the expansion valve to reduce abruptly pressure providing a flash evaporation that lowers temperature of the refrigerant's fluid , passing the refrigerant fluid through the evaporator to extract heat from a ...

Air-Conditioning/Hot-Water Supply System

Provided is an air-conditioning/hot-water supply system having high operational efficiency. An internal heat exchanger () has: a primary heat transfer pipe () for forming a part of the annular circuit of a refrigerant circuit () for air conditioning; and a secondary heat transfer pipe () connected to piping (P) branched from the annular circuit through a pressure reduction device (). The pressure reduction device () reduces the pressure of a first refrigerant flowing therein from the piping (P) depending on an operation mode and causes the first refrigerant, the pressure of which has been reduced, to flow toward the secondary heat transfer pipe (), thereby cooling the first refrigerant flowing through the primary heat transfer pipe (). 14-. (canceled)5. An air-conditioning/hot-water supply system comprising ,a refrigerant circuit for air conditioning in which a first refrigerant circulates,a refrigerant circuit for hot-water supply in which a second refrigerant circulates, anda control device;wherein the inside heat exchanger includes,', 'a primary-side heat transfer pipe constituting a portion of the loop circuit, and', 'a secondary-side heat transfer pipe connected to a branch pipe arrangement which branches off from the loop circuit through a decompression device;', 'when a cooling operation is performed, the control device controls the four-way valve such that the air-conditioning heat-source side heat exchanger functions as a condenser and the air-conditioned side heat exchanger functions as an evaporator, and causes the first refrigerant to be cooled in the inside heat exchanger, undergo pressure reduction in the second expansion valve, and flow into the air-conditioned side heat exchanger; and', 'when a heating operation is performed, the control device controls the four-way valve such that the air-conditioned side heat exchanger functions as a condenser and the air-conditioning heat-source side heat exchanger functions as an evaporator, and causes the first ...

REFRIGERATION DEVICE

A refrigeration device includes a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion mechanism, an indoor heat exchanger, and a storage tank. The compressor, the outdoor heat exchanger, the expansion mechanism and the indoor heat exchanger are connected to each other. During a cooling operation, a refrigerant flows sequentially through the compressor, the outdoor heat exchanger, the expansion mechanism, and the indoor heat exchanger. During a heating operation, the refrigerant flows sequentially through the compressor, the indoor heat exchanger, the expansion mechanism, and the outdoor heat. The storage tank is configured to store the refrigerant and is provided between the outdoor heat exchanger and the expansion mechanism. The refrigeration device uses R32 as the refrigerant. A capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger is less than or equal to a capacity of the indoor heat exchanger. 1. A refrigeration device comprising:a compressor;an outdoor heat exchanger;an expansion mechanism; during a cooling operation, a refrigerant flows sequentially through the compressor, the outdoor heat exchanger, the expansion mechanism, and the indoor heat exchanger, and', 'during a heating operation, the refrigerant flows sequentially through the compressor, the indoor heat exchanger, the expansion mechanism, and the outdoor heat; and, 'an indoor heat exchanger, the compressor, the outdoor heat exchanger, the expansion mechanism and the indoor heat exchanger being connected to each other such that'}a storage tank configured to store the refrigerant, the storage tank being provided between the outdoor heat exchanger and the expansion mechanism,the refrigeration device using R32 as the refrigerant, anda capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger being less than or equal to a capacity of the indoor heat exchanger.2. A refrigeration device according to claim 1 , whereinthe refrigerant storage tank is configured to store refrigerant at a high pressure in a refrigeration cycle during the ...

Refrigerant Circuit And Method Of Controlling Such A Circuit

The invention relates to a refrigerant circuit ( 1 ) for thermally conditioning a vehicle passenger compartment, comprising a plurality of branches containing at least one exchanger, of which branch a first branch ( 11 ) is in series with a second branch ( 12 ) and a third branch ( 13 ), said second branch ( 12 ) being in parallel with said third branch ( 13 ), and a means ( 36 ) of placing the third branch ( 13 ) in communication with the second branch ( 12 ), said means being installed between a sector ( 37 ) of the third branch ( 13 ) which sector is situated downstream of an external exchanger ( 28 ) and a portion ( 38 ) of the second branch ( 12 ) which is situated upstream of a first control member ( 15 ).

COMPRESSOR, AIR CONDITIONER SYSTEM COMPRISING THE COMPRESSOR AND HEAT PUMP WATER HEATER SYSTEM

Provided is a compressor, an air conditioner system comprising the compressor and a heat pump water heater system. The compressor comprises: a low-pressure compression component, a medium-pressure chamber, a low-pressure chamber gas discharge passageway, an enthalpy-increasing component, a high-pressure compression component, a medium-pressure gas passageway and a high-pressure chamber gas discharge passageway. The medium-pressure gas passageway comprises a passageway section at the side toward the low-pressure chamber gas discharge passageway and a passageway section at the side toward the high-pressure chamber gas suction passageway, wherein a ratio between a minimum cross sectional area of the passageway section at the side toward the low-pressure chamber gas discharge passageway and a minimum cross sectional area of the passageway section at the side toward the high-pressure chamber gas suction passageway is ranged from 1.4 to 4. In the compressor, the pressure fluctuation and the flow velocity fluctuation of the refrigerant are relatively smaller, which can improve the first-stage gas discharge plumpness and the second-stage gas suction plumpness, and increase the gas replenishment volume, thereby improving the working efficiency and the energy efficiency ratio of the compressor, and reducing the energy consumption. 1. A compressor , comprising:a low-pressure compression component having a low-pressure chamber, configured to take in refrigerant and compress the refrigerant to form first medium-pressure refrigerant;a medium-pressure chamber;a low-pressure chamber gas discharge passageway, through which the first medium-pressure refrigerant from said low-pressure compression component is discharged into the medium-pressure chamber;an enthalpy-increasing component, configured to convey second medium-pressure refrigerant into the medium-pressure chamber, the second medium-pressure refrigerant and the first medium-pressure refrigerant compressed gas being mixed to ...

INTEGRATED DEMAND WATER HEATING USING A CAPACITY MODULATED HEAT PUMP WITH DESUPERHEATER

A heat pump system provides at least six modes of heating, cooling, and/or domestic water heating operation, where domestic water heating may occur concurrently with heating or cooling a space in a structure. The heat pump system comprises a desuperheater positioned downstream of the compressor and operable as a desuperheater, a condenser or an evaporator, a source heat exchanger operable as either a condenser or an evaporator, a load heat exchanger operable as either a condenser or an evaporator, a reversing valve positioned downstream of the desuperheater heat exchanger and configured to alternately direct refrigerant flow from the desuperheater heat exchanger to one of the load heat exchanger and the source heat exchanger and to alternately return refrigerant flow from the other of the load heat exchanger and the source heat exchanger to the compressor, and an expansion valve positioned between the load heat exchanger and the source heat exchanger. 1. A heat pump system , comprising: a variable speed compressor;', 'a desuperheater heat exchanger positioned downstream of the compressor and operable as a desuperheater, a condenser, or an evaporator;', 'a source heat exchanger operable as either a condenser or an evaporator;', 'a load heat exchanger operable as either a condenser or an evaporator;', 'a reversing valve positioned downstream of the desuperheater heat exchanger and configured to alternately direct refrigerant flow from the desuperheater heat exchanger to one of the load heat exchanger and the source heat exchanger and to alternately return refrigerant flow from the other of the load heat exchanger and the source heat exchanger to the compressor; and', 'an expansion valve positioned between the load heat exchanger and the source heat exchanger., 'a refrigerant circuit that fluidly interconnects2. The heat pump system of claim 1 , wherein the load heat exchanger is a refrigerant-to-liquid heat exchanger.3. The heat pump system of claim 1 , wherein the ...

AIR CONDITIONING DEVICE FOR VEHICLE

An vehicle air conditioner (A) includes a duct () in which a partition member () forming a first flow path (A) and a second flow path (B) is provided, and a heat pump circuit (A). In the heat pump circuit (A), a first indoor heat exchanger (A) that contributes mainly to heating is located in the first flow path (A) or faces an outlet of the first flow path (A), and a second indoor heat exchanger (B) that contributes mainly to cooling is located in the second flow path (B). The ratio between an internal air and an external air within air flowing through each of the first flow path (A) and the second flow path (B) is adjustable. The duct () is provided with at least one of a heating exhaust port () for discharging air cooled in the second indoor heat exchanger (B) to the outside of the vehicle interior in heating operation, and a cooling exhaust port () for discharging air heated in the first indoor heat exchanger (A) to the outside of the vehicle interior in cooling operation. This configuration enables the air within the vehicle interior, the temperature of which has been adjusted by heating or cooling, to be efficiently utilized without wasting energy by discharging the air as it is to the outside. 1. A vehicle air conditioner that cools and heats a vehicle interior , the vehicle air conditioner comprising:a duct having an internal air inlet port and an external air inlet port at one end portion thereof, and a blowing port at another end portion thereof;a partition member provided so that a first flow path and a second flow path are formed in the duct;a first air blower disposed in the first flow path;a second air blower disposed in the second flow path;a first intake damper that adjusts a ratio between an amount of internal air flowing into the first flow path through the internal air inlet port and an amount of external air flowing into the first flow path through the external air inlet port;a second intake damper that adjusts a ratio between an amount of ...

AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM AND CONTROL METHOD FOR AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

An air conditioning system, including a compressor, two outdoor heat exchange units, a liquid pipe used for communicating with indoor units, a high-pressure gas tube and a low-pressure gas tube; the air conditioning system further includes a valve assembly. One outdoor heat exchange unit has a first state in which one end thereof communicates with the high-pressure gas tube and another end thereof communicates with the liquid pipe, and has a second state in which one end thereof communicates with the low-pressure gas tube and the other end thereof communicates with the liquid pipe. Further disclosed is a control method for the air conditioning system. 1. An air conditioning system , comprising a compressor , two outdoor heat exchange units , a liquid pipe , a high-pressure gas pipe being in communication with an exhaust port of the compressor , a low-pressure gas pipe being in communication with an intake port of the compressor , and a valve assembly;wherein one outdoor heat exchange unit has a first state; in the first state, one end of the one outdoor heat exchange unit is in communication with the high-pressure gas pipe, and another end thereof is in communication with the liquid pipe;the one outdoor heat exchange unit has a second state; in the second state, the one end of the one outdoor heat exchange unit is in communication with the low-pressure gas pipe, and the other end thereof is in communication with the liquid pipe;another outdoor heat exchange unit has a third state; in the third state, one end of the other outdoor heat exchange unit is in communication with the liquid pipe, and another end thereof is in communication with the high-pressure gas pipe via the valve assembly;the other outdoor heat exchange unit has a fourth state; in the fourth state, the one end of the outdoor heat exchange unit is in communication with the liquid pipe, and the other end thereof is in communication with the low-pressure gas pipe via the valve assembly; andthe valve ...

AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING THE TEMPERATURE OF COMPONENTS AND OF AN INTERIOR OF A MOTOR VEHICLE

The invention relates to an air conditioning system for controlling the temperature of components and of the interior of a motor vehicle, comprising a first water pump (C.) that drives a first coolant circuit (), a second water pump (C.) that drives a second coolant circuit (), a compressor (A.) that drives a refrigerant circuit () that has a high-pressure side and a low-pressure side, an air-water heat exchanger (C.) connected to the first coolant circuit () on the water side and arranged upstream from the interior on the air side, a first refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger (A.) connected to the refrigerant circuit () on the refrigerant side and arranged upstream from the air-water heat exchanger (C.) on the water side, and a second refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger (A.) connected to the refrigerant circuit () on the refrigerant side and located downstream from the potential heat sources on the water side. 1. An air conditioning system for controlling the temperature of components and of the interior of a motor vehicle , comprisinga first water pump that drives a first coolant circuit,a second water pump that drives a second coolant circuit,a compressor that drives a refrigerant circuit that has a high-pressure side and a low-pressure side,an air-water heat exchanger connected to the first coolant circuit on the water side and arranged upstream from the interior on the air side, anda first refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger connected to the refrigerant circuit on the refrigerant side and arranged upstream from the air-water heat exchanger on the water side.2. The air conditioning system according to claim 1 , wherein the first refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger is connected to the high-pressure side of the refrigerant circuit.3. The air conditioning system according to claim 1 , wherein the air conditioning system has a valve array by means of which the first refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger can be disconnected from the refrigerant circuit on the refrigerant ...

Systems and methods implementing robust air conditioning systems configured to utilize thermal energy storage to maintain a low temperature for a target space

Systems and methods in accordance with embodiments of the invention implement air conditioning systems that are operable to establish/maintain a desired temperature for a target space and simultaneously establish/maintain a temperature lower than the desired temperature for the target space for an included cold thermal energy storage unit. In one embodiment, an air conditioning system includes: a condensing unit; a liquid pressurizer and distributor ensemble; a cold thermal energy storage unit; a target space; and a suction gas/equalizer; where the listed components are operatively connected by piping such that vapor compression cycles can be simultaneously implemented that result in the cooling of the cold thermal energy storage unit and the target space; and the air conditioning system is configured such that the simultaneous implementation of vapor compression cycles results in cooling the cold thermal energy storage unit to a greater extent relative to the target space.

AIR CONDITIONER

An air conditioner is provided with: a refrigeration cycle including a subcooling heat exchanger that subcools a refrigerant having heat-dissipated in a high-pressure side heat exchanger by exchanging heat with a heat medium; a blower that blows the air to an air passage in an air-conditioning casing; an air cooler disposed in the air passage to cool the air; a heater core disposed on an air flow downstream side of the air cooler in the air passage to heat the air cooled by the air cooler; an auxiliary air heater disposed on the air flow downstream side of the air cooler and on an air flow upstream side of the air heater in the air passage, to heat the air cooled by the air cooler by exchanging heat with the heat medium; and a flow-rate adjustment portion configured to adjust a flow rate of the heat medium circulating between the subcooling heat exchanger and the auxiliary air heater. 1. An air conditioner comprising:a refrigeration cycle including a compressor that draws and discharges a refrigerant, a high-pressure side heat exchanger that dissipates heat from the refrigerant discharged from the compressor, and a subcooling heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant having heat-dissipated in the high-pressure side heat exchanger and a heat medium to subcool the refrigerant having heat-dissipated in the high-pressure side heat exchanger;an air-conditioning casing defining an air passage through which air to be blown into a space to be air-conditioned flows;a blower configured to blow the air to the air passage;an air cooler disposed in the air passage to cool the air;an air heater disposed on an air flow downstream side of the air cooler in the air passage, to heat the air cooled by the air cooler;an auxiliary air heater disposed on an air flow downstream side of the air cooler and on an air flow upstream side of the air heater in the air passage, to heat the air cooled by the air cooler by exchanging heat with the heat medium; anda flow-rate ...

Air conditioning system for a motor vehicle

An air conditioning system of a motor vehicle is provided herein, as well as a method for the same. The air condition system includes a refrigerant circuit including a compressor and an evaporator located inside the flow duct; an air conducting device provided downstream of the evaporator in the air flow direction; a heating heat exchanger provided inside the flow duct; and a control unit to receive a signal from a sensor. The control unit is configured to receive a position of the air conducting device from the position sensor, the control unit is configured to switch the compressor off or on based on the position.

AIR CONDITIONER

When refrigerant leakage occurs, a controller in an air conditioner performs first shutoff control to open a liquid relay shutoff valve and close an indoor expansion valve and a gas relay shutoff valve on the basis of information from a refrigerant leakage detector. 1. An air conditioner comprising:an outdoor unit including a compressor;an indoor unit, including an indoor expansion valve and an indoor heat exchanger;a liquid-refrigerant connection pipe and a gas-refrigerant connection pipe that connect the outdoor unit and the indoor unit to each other;a relay unit disposed in the liquid-refrigerant connection pipe and the gas-refrigerant connection pipe, the relay unit including a liquid relay shutoff valve in a liquid connection pipe connected to the liquid-refrigerant connection pipe and a gas relay shutoff valve in a gas connection pipe connected to the gas-refrigerant connection pipe;a refrigerant leakage detector for detecting leakage of the refrigerant; anda controller that controls components of the outdoor unit, the indoor unit, and the relay unit, whereinwhen leakage of the refrigerant occurs, the controller stops the compressor and performs first shutoff control to open the liquid relay shutoff valve and close the indoor expansion valve and the gas relay shutoff valve on the basis of information from the refrigerant leakage detector.2. The air conditioner according to claim 1 , whereinwhen leakage of the refrigerant occurs, the controller stops the compressor after performing the first shutoff control.3. The air conditioner according to claim 1 , whereinwhen leakage of the refrigerant occurs, the controller stops the compressor before performing the first shutoff control.4. The air conditioner according to claim 1 , whereinwhen it is determined that the leakage of the refrigerant continues even after the first shutoff control is performed, the controller performs second shutoff control to close the liquid relay shutoff valve with the indoor expansion ...

Heat source unit and refrigeration cycle apparatus

A heat source unit and a refrigeration cycle apparatus that are able to reduce damage to a connection pipe when a refrigerant containing at least 1,2-difluoroethylene is used are provided. An outdoor unit ( 20 ) that is connected via a liquid-side connection pipe ( 6 ) and a gas-side connection pipe ( 5 ) to an indoor unit ( 30 ) including an indoor heat exchanger ( 31 ) and that is a component of an air conditioner ( 1 ) includes a compressor ( 21 ) and an outdoor heat exchanger ( 23 ). A refrigerant containing at least 1,2-difluoroethylene is used as a refrigerant. A design pressure of the outdoor unit ( 20 ) is lower than 1.5 times a design pressure of each of the liquid-side connection pipe ( 6 ) and the gas-side connection pipe ( 5 ).

Refrigeration Systems with a First Compressor System and a Second Compressor System

A refrigeration system includes a first compressor system, a second compressor system, a first conduit, a heat exchanger, a second conduit, and a third conduit. The first compressor system includes a plurality of first compressors. The second compressor system includes a plurality of second compressors. The first conduit is configured to provide refrigerant from the first compressor system to the second compressor system. The second conduit is fluidly coupled to the first conduit and configured to provide the refrigerant from the first compressor system to the heat exchanger. The third conduit is configured to provide the refrigerant from the second compressor system to the heat exchanger. 1. (canceled)2. A refrigeration system comprising:a first compressor system comprising a plurality of first compressors;a second compressor system comprising a plurality of second compressors;a first conduit configured to provide refrigerant from the first compressor system to the second compressor system;a second conduit fluidly coupled to the first conduit and configured to provide the refrigerant from the first compressor system to one or more defrost targets; anda third conduit configured to provide the refrigerant from the one or more defrost targets to the first compressor system and the second compressor system.3. The refrigeration system of claim 2 , further comprising a flash tank configured to receive the refrigerant from the third conduit.4. The refrigeration system of claim 2 , further comprising a defrost control valve disposed along the first conduit downstream of the first compressor system and upstream of the second conduit claim 2 , the defrost control valve configured to be selectively positioned to establish a target temperature of the refrigerant in the second conduit.5. The refrigeration system of claim 2 , further comprising:a heat exchanger comprising a first circuit and a second circuit, the second conduit configured to provide the refrigerant to the second ...

HEAT SOURCE SYSTEM

A heat source system includes a plurality of heat source apparatuses each including a refrigerant circuit including a water heat exchanger; a water supply header pipe; a water return header pipe; a plurality of pumps; a bypass pipe configured to connect the water supply header pipe and the water return header pipe; a bypass valve; a differential pressure gauge configured to measure a water pressure difference between pressure of water supplied to the load and pressure of water returning from the load; and a controller, where the controller determines the number of heat source apparatuses to be operated, among the plurality of heat source apparatuses, from an amount of heat generated and an amount of heat required, and controls, according to a result of determination, one of the operating frequency of the pump and an opening degree of the bypass valve such that the water pressure difference falls within a target range. 1. A heat source system comprising:a plurality of heat source apparatuses each including a refrigerant circuit including a water heat exchanger;a water supply header pipe, connected to a load and a plurality of the water heat exchangers by water pipes, and configured to merge and supply, to the load, water flowing in from the plurality of water heat exchangers;a water return header pipe, connected to the load and the plurality of water heat exchangers by water pipes, and configured to split, into the plurality of water heat exchangers, water flowing in from the load;a plurality of pumps, provided on the water pipes connecting the plurality of water heat exchangers and the water return header pipe, and configured to feed water to the plurality of water heat exchangers;a bypass pipe configured to connect the water supply header pipe and the water return header pipe;a bypass valve provided on the bypass pipe;a differential pressure gauge configured to measure a water pressure difference between pressure of water supplied to the load from the water supply ...

INDOOR UNIT OF AIR CONDITIONER

The indoor unit includes a plurality of outlet openings. In airflow rotation of the indoor unit, a full blowout mode and a partial blowout mode are executed. In the full blowout mode, all the outlet openings blow conditioned air. In the partial blowout mode, the flow of the blowing air of part of the outlet openings are blocked by the air current blocking mechanism, and thus the blowing wind speeds of the remaining outlet openings increases. As a result, an air temperature difference among parts of the indoor space decreases, and the comfort of the indoor space is improved. 2. The indoor unit of the air conditioner of claim 1 , whereinthe outlet openings, part of the plurality of outlet openings, constitute a first opening, and the outlet opening, the rest of the plurality of outlet openings, constitute a second opening; and [ a first partial blowout mode of blocking flow of blowing air of the second opening by the air current blocking mechanism and increasing a blowing wind speed at the first opening and', 'a second partial blowout mode of blocking flow of blowing air of the first opening by the air current blocking mechanism and increasing a blowing wind speed at the second opening, 'at least one of'}, 'is performed in the airflow rotation., 'the controller controls the air current blocking mechanism so that'}3. The indoor unit of the air conditioner of claim 1 , whereinthe outlet openings, part of the plurality of outlet openings, constitute a first opening, and the outlet opening, the rest of the plurality of outlet openings, constitute the second opening; and a first partial blowout mode of blocking flow of blowing air of the second opening by the air current blocking mechanism and increasing a blowing wind speed at the first opening and', 'a second partial blowout mode of blocking flow of blowing air of the first opening by the air current blocking mechanism and increasing a blowing wind speed at the second opening', 'are performed in the airflow rotation., ' ...

HEAT TRANSFER AND HYDRONIC SYSTEMS

A heat transfer system comprises a first fluid storage tank fluidly connectable to a first fluid circuit for heat exchange between the first fluid circuit and a first fluid in the fluid storage tank, a first heat exchanger positioned for heat exchange with the first fluid, and a second heat exchanger fluidly connected to the first heat exchanger via a refrigerant circuit for heat exchange with the first heat exchanger. The refrigerant circuit includes a refrigerant compressor module and an expansion valve for circulating a refrigerant therethrough for heat exchange between the first and second heat exchangers. A hydronic system is also described. 1. A heat transfer system , comprising: 'the first refrigerant conduit and the second refrigerant conduit being fluidly interconnected via the refrigerant compressor module and the expansion valve for circulating a refrigerant through the first refrigerant conduit and the second refrigerant conduit by the refrigerant compressor module via the expansion valve for heat exchange between the first refrigerant conduit and the second refrigerant conduit;', 'a refrigeration circuit including a first refrigerant conduit, a second refrigerant conduit, a refrigerant compressor module, and an expansion valve,'}a first fluid storage tank fillable with a first fluid and being fluidly connectable to a first fluid circuit for circulating the first fluid between the first fluid circuit and the first fluid storage tank for heat exchange between the first fluid circuit and the first fluid;a first heat exchanger that includes a first heat exchange surface and the first refrigerant conduit, the first heat exchange surface being in fluid communication with the first fluid when the heat transfer system is in use, the first refrigerant conduit being positioned for heat exchange with the first heat exchange surface; anda second heat exchanger that includes a second heat exchange surface that is fluidly connectable to a second fluid circuit for ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR RISK REDUCTION DURING REFRIGERANT LEAK

A method of monitoring a refrigerant leak. The method includes monitoring, by a first controller, operation of a first HVAC system for conditioning air within a first level of a residence, monitoring, by a second controller, operation of a second HVAC system for conditioning air within a second level of the residence and determining, using a plurality of leak detectors, whether refrigerant within the first HVAC system is leaking. Responsive to a positive determination in the determining step, receiving, by the first controller, a refrigerant leak warning signal, forwarding, by the first controller to the second controller, the refrigerant leak warning signal. Responsive to receiving the refrigerant leak warning signal from the first controller, activating, by the second controller, a variable-speed circulation fan of the second HVAC system. 1. A method of monitoring a refrigerant leak , the method comprising:determining, using a plurality of leak detectors, if refrigerant within a first heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system is leaking;responsive to a determination that refrigerant within the first HVAC system is leaking, wirelessly receiving, by a first controller that controls operation of the first HVAC system, a refrigerant leak warning signal;wirelessly forwarding, by the first controller to a second controller that controls operation of a second HVAC system, the refrigerant leak warning signal;responsive to wirelessly receiving the refrigerant leak warning signal, activating, by the second controller, a variable-speed circulation fan of the second HVAC system;determining whether the leaked refrigerant has dispersed after activating the variable-speed circulation fan of the second HVAC system; andresponsive to a determination that the leaked refrigerant has not dispersed, modifying operation of a plurality of communication devices to disperse the leaked refrigerant.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of modifying comprises activating a ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS EVAPORATION AND CONDENSATION IN CONNECTED VESSELS

A distillation system and process thereof are provided. The system includes an evaporation vessel having a system for heating a liquid contained therein and producing vapours thereof and a condensation vessel having a system for cooling and condensing the vapours produced in the evaporation vessel. A connecting pipe for connecting the evaporation vessel and the condensation vessel transfers the vapours from the evaporation vessel to the condensation vessel. The amount of vapours transferred from the evaporation vessel to the condensation vessel depends upon the pressure differential between the evaporation vessel and the condensation vessel and area of opening of the connecting pipe. 1. A system comprising:an evaporation vessel having means for heating a liquid contained therein and producing vapours thereof;a condensation vessel having means for cooling and condensing the vapours produced in the evaporation vessel; anda connecting pipe for connecting the evaporation vessel and the condensation vessel and for transferring the vapours from the evaporation vessel to the condensation vessel,wherein the rate of vapours transferred from the evaporation vessel to the condensation vessel depends upon the pressure differential between the evaporation vessel and the condensation vessel and area of opening of the connecting pipe.2. The system as claimed in further comprising a refrigeration system having a refrigeration compressor and expansion valve for cooling the condensation vessel and heating the evaporation vessel.3. The system as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the evaporation vessel claim 2 , the condensation vessel claim 2 , the connecting pipe and the refrigeration system are insulated to prevent any heat exchange with the atmosphere.4. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the differential pressure depends upon the temperature of the evaporation vessel and the condensation vessel.5. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the rate of liquid evaporated from the ...

Air conditioner

An air conditioner is provided that may include at least one compressor that compresses a refrigerant to a high pressure; a plurality of heat exchanger that condenses the refrigerant compressed in the at least one compressor; a plurality of outdoor valves, respectively, provided at an outlet side pipe of the plurality of heat exchangers; a gas liquid separator that separates the refrigerant into gas and liquid refrigerants and supplies the gas refrigerant to the at least one compressor; and one or more bypass devices connected to the outlet side pipe of one or more of the plurality of heat exchangers and an inlet side pipe of the gas liquid separator, the one or more bypass devices controlling a flow of the liquid refrigerant. During a cooling low load operation in which a portion of the plurality of heat exchangers is operating, a liquid refrigerant loaded into a heat exchanger of the plurality of heat exchangers, which is not operated, may flow through the one or more bypass device.

COOLING SYSTEM WITH CONTROLLED BIPHASE MIXING OF REFRIGERANT

A method for cooling with a refrigerant based cooling system includes circulating a refrigerant in a main flow path of a refrigeration cycle including an accumulator, compressor, condenser and an evaporator, diverting a portion of flow to a bypass flow path from a location along the main flow path that is downstream the compressor and upstream the condenser and combining flow through the bypass flow path with flow through the main flow path downstream the condenser and upstream from the evaporator. The rate of flow through the bypass flow path may be dynamically controlled. 1. A method for cooling with a refrigerant based cooling system , the method comprising:circulating a refrigerant in a main flow path of a refrigeration cycle including an accumulator, compressor, condenser and an evaporator;diverting a portion of flow to a bypass flow path from a location along the main flow path that is downstream the compressor and upstream the condenser, wherein the portion of flow that is diverted to the bypass flow path is flow of the refrigerant in a gaseous phase;dynamically controlling rate of flow through the bypass flow path; andcombining refrigerant in a gaseous phase flowing through the bypass flow path with liquid only refrigerant flowing through the main flow path downstream the condenser and upstream from the evaporator.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the combining of the refrigerant in a gaseous phase and the liquid refrigerant is in a dedicated mixing chamber claim 1 , wherein the mixing chamber is integrated in the main flow path downstream from the condenser and upstream from the evaporator.3. (canceled)4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the refrigerant upstream from the bypass flow path is bi-phasic refrigerant and wherein the method further comprises:separating a liquid refrigerant from a vaporized refrigerant;directing the liquid refrigerant to the condenser via the main flow path; anddiverting at least a portion of the vaporized refrigerant to the ...

HVAC Systems and Methods with Improved Stabilization

Systems and methods are presented for improving stabilization of a heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) system. More specifically, the systems and methods include a heat-flow modulator for regulating an exchange of thermal energy between a flow of refrigerant and a sensory bulb. The exchange of thermal energy allows an expansion valve to respond to a refrigerant temperature using an actuator, which is coupled to the sensory bulb. The heat-flow modulator is formed of a body that includes a first contact surface and a second contact surface. The first contact surface is thermally-coupled to a suction line of the HVAC system, which conveys the flow of refrigerant. The second contact surface is thermally-coupled to the sensory bulb. In one instance the heat-flow modulator has variable volume depending on how installed. Other systems and methods are presented. Variable heat-flow modulators are also presented. 1. A method for stabilizing suction line pressure in a heating , ventilating , and air conditioning system , the method comprising: a body having a first side and a second side, wherein the first side has a first curved surface and the second side has a second curved surface, and', 'wherein the body is formed from a metallic material;, 'providing a heat-flow modulator, wherein the heat-flow modulator comprisesdisposing the heat-flow modulator between the suction line and a sensory bulb;securing with a bracket the heat-flow modulator between the suction line and the sensory bulb; andadjusting the heat-flow modulator to have an effective volume between a suction line and a sensory bulb such that oscillations in the suction line pressure are at least five percent less than oscillations in the suction line pressure for an identical heating, ventilating, and air conditioning system without the heat-flow modulator.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the effective volume is greater than or equal to 0.0078125 inand less than or equal to 0.0234375 in.3. The ...

Heat transport system

A heat transport system includes: a refrigerant circuit that seals therein a fluid including HFC-32 and/or HFO refrigerant as a refrigerant and that includes a refrigerant booster that boosts the refrigerant, an outdoor air heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and outdoor air, a medium heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and a heat transfer medium, and a refrigerant flow path switch that switches between a refrigerant radiation state and a refrigerant evaporation state; and a medium circuit that seals carbon dioxide therein as the heat transfer medium.

VEHICULAR AIR-CONDITIONING UNIT

The heating capacity particularly at low outside air temperatures in a vehicular air-conditioning unit that heats the vehicle interior by heat pump operation of a refrigerant circuit using a compressor is improved. During heating, a refrigerant discharged from a compressor releases heat in a radiator into the vehicle interior, and the refrigerant decompressed after the heat release in the radiator evaporates in at least one of an external heat exchanger and a ventilation heat exchanger During cooling, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor releases heat in the external heat exchanger, and the refrigerant decompressed after the heat release in the external heat exchanger evaporates in an internal heat exchanger to absorb heat from the vehicle interior. The vehicular air-conditioning unit includes a hot gas cycle circuit for decompressing a part of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor, and causing the decompressed part of the refrigerant to flow through the internal heat exchanger to release heat into the vehicle interior. 1. A vehicular air-conditioning unit in which: a refrigerant circuit includes a compressor , a radiator , an external heat exchanger , an internal heat exchanger , and a ventilation heat exchanger for absorbing heat from air discharged from a vehicle interior to outside; during heating , a refrigerant discharged from the compressor releases heat in the radiator into the vehicle interior , and the refrigerant decompressed after the heat release in the radiator evaporates in at least one of the external heat exchanger and the ventilation heat exchanger; and during cooling , the refrigerant discharged from the compressor releases heat in the external heat exchanger , and the refrigerant decompressed after the heat release in the external heat exchanger evaporates in the internal heat exchanger to absorb heat from the vehicle interior , the vehicular air-conditioning unit comprisinga hot gas cycle circuit for decompressing a part of ...

Temperature control system and integrated temperature control system

A temperature control system is used for controlling a temperature of a control target. The system includes: a first circulation circuit through which a first heat transfer medium circulates; a second circulation circuit that is independent of the first circulation circuit and through which a second heat transfer medium circulates; and a third circulation circuit that is independent of the first circulation circuit and the second circulation circuit and through which a third heat transfer medium circulates. The third heat transfer medium has a usable temperature range wider than usable temperature ranges of the first heat transfer medium and the second heat transfer medium.

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR OPERATING HVAC SYSTEMS IN LOW LOAD CONDITIONS

A system comprising a compressor, a first valve coupled to the compressor and to a first coil, a first expansion valve coupled to the first coil, and a second expansion valve. The second expansion valve coupled to a second coil. A second valve is coupled to the second coil and the compressor. A third valve is coupled to the compressor and a third coil. In response to receiving a heating demand that is below a threshold heating demand, a controller induces an artificial heating demand. 1. A system comprising:a compressor operable to compress refrigerant;a first valve positioned between and coupled to the compressor and a first coil;a first expansion valve positioned between and coupled to the first coil and a second expansion valve, wherein the second expansion valve is positioned between the first expansion valve and a second coil and the second expansion valve is coupled to the second coil;a second valve positioned between and coupled to the second coil and the compressor;a third valve positioned between and coupled to the compressor and a third coil; operating the third valve to direct a first amount of the refrigerant to flow from the compressor into the second expansion valve through the third coil;', 'operating the first valve to direct a second amount of the refrigerant to flow from the compressor into the first coil;', 'operating the first expansion valve to combine the first amount of the refrigerant and the second amount of the refrigerant and direct the combined refrigerant into the second coil through the second expansion valve; and', 'operating the second valve to direct the combined refrigerant from the second coil back to the compressor., 'a controller operable to, in response to receiving a heating demand that is below a threshold heating demand, induce an artificial heating demand by2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising one or more fans coupled to the controller wherein the one or more fans are operable to blow ambient air across the first ...

REVERSIBLE HEAT PUMP

There is disclosed a reversible heat pump system and a method of operating a reversible heat pump system to control the temperature of a process fluid of a chiller system . In a cooling mode, a working fluid is circulated for co-current flow with a process fluid at a heat exchanger functioning as an evaporator heat exchanger, whereas in a heating mode, the working fluid is circulated for counter-current flow with the process fluid at the same heat exchanger functioning as a condenser heat exchanger. 1. A method of operating a reversible heat pump system to control the temperature of a process fluid of a chiller system , the reversible heat pump system comprising:a compressor, a first heat exchanger, an expansion device, a second heat exchanger for heat exchange with the process fluid of the chiller system, and a suction line economiser heat exchanger;the method comprising:a controller determining whether to operate the reversible heat pump system in a cooling mode to cool the process fluid, or in a heating mode to heat the process fluid;when in the cooling mode, circulating a working fluid through the reversible heat pump system so that compressed working fluid from the compressor rejects heat at the first heat exchanger to provide condensed working fluid to a liquid line, and so that expanded working fluid from the expansion device receives heat from the process fluid at the second heat exchanger to provide superheated working fluid along a suction line to the compressor;when in the heating mode, circulating the working fluid through the reversible heat pump system so that compressed working fluid from the compressor rejects heat to the process fluid at the second heat exchanger to provide condensed working fluid to the liquid line, and so that the expanded working fluid from the expansion device receives heat at the first heat exchanger to provide downstream superheated working fluid along the suction line to the compressor;wherein the process fluid is provided to ...

LOCKER SYSTEM

A system for secure delivery or collection of goods includes at least one lockable storage space, in which the temperature of the at least one storage space is independently controllable to provide any one of: ambient temperature; or chilled temperature; or frozen temperature on an as needed basis. Access to the storage space may be remotely programmable. A controller may be configured to set a temperature set point for the storage space based upon goods in a customer order that will be stored in the storage space. 156-. (canceled)57. A method of securely storing items for pickup , comprising: a) at least three storage compartments each closeable by a remotely programmable insulated lockable door; and', 'b) at least one common distribution system comprising a refrigerant, wherein the refrigerant is arranged to be in cooperation with a refrigeration system, said at least one common distribution system distributing the refrigerant to exchange heat with the compartments;', 'c) at least one heating system for providing heat to each of the compartments; and', i) an ambient storage temperature range between 4° C. to 21° C.;', 'ii) a chilled temperature range below the ambient temperature range and above freezing; and', 'iii) a frozen temperature range at or below freezing., 'd) a controller for controlling the common distribution system and the heating system, the controller configured to prepare the compartments to store items from a customer order by defining a temperature set point for each compartment, wherein the controller is configured to control the common distribution system and the heating system to achieve the temperature set point of each compartment, wherein, for each of the compartments, the temperature set point can be selectively defined and controlled to be within each of the following ranges as needed], '(1) utilizing an assembly of lockable storage spaces, wherein the assembly comprises(2) the controller operating to define the temperature set point of ...

Combination Air and Ground Source Heating and/or Cooling System

A combination air and ground source heating and/or cooling system. The system includes an indoor unit, an outdoor unit and an in-ground unit, each of which has a coil, an inlet line and an outlet line. The system also comprises a flow connector, a coupling and a controller. The controller is configured to control the flow connector and coupling so that the system is selectively operable in three different modes. In the first mode, refrigerant bypasses the coil of the outdoor unit, while, in the second mode, refrigerant bypasses the coil of the in-ground unit. In the third mode, refrigerant flows through the coils of the in-ground and outdoor units. 1. A combination air and ground source heating and/or cooling system comprising:an indoor unit including a coil, an inlet line and an outlet line;an outdoor unit including a coil, an inlet line and an outlet line;an in-ground unit including a coil, an inlet line and an outlet line;a flow connector that connects the outlet line of the indoor unit, the inlet line of the outdoor unit and the inlet line of the in-ground unit;a coupling that connects the inlet line of the indoor unit, the outlet line of the outdoor unit and the outlet line of the in-ground unit;a compressor; anda controller configured to control the flow connector and coupling so that the system is selectively operable: in a first mode, wherein refrigerant bypasses the coil of the outdoor unit; in a second mode, wherein refrigerant bypasses the coil of the in-ground unit; and in a third mode, wherein refrigerant flows through the coils of the in-ground and outdoor units.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system further includes a reversing valve and the controller is configured to control the flow connector claim 1 , coupling and reversing valve so that the system is operable: in a fourth mode claim 1 , wherein refrigerant bypasses the coil of the outdoor unit; in a fifth mode claim 1 , wherein refrigerant bypasses the coil of the in-ground unit; and in a ...

HOT AND COLD WATER AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

The hot and cold water air conditioning system includes a water temperature sensor configured to detect a temperature of water flowing out of the heat pump heat source apparatus by an operation of the water circulation pump, and a controller configured to perform, in a heating operation, on/off normal control that turns on a compressor when the water temperature detected by the water temperature sensor becomes lower than a target water temperature and turns off the compressor when the water temperature becomes higher than a first temperature value higher than the target water temperature, and to switch from the on/off normal control, upon repeating the on/off operation of the compressor at a minimum frequency necessary for an operation of the compressor in the on/off normal control, to on/off restriction control that turns on the compressor when the water temperature becomes lower than a second temperature value lower than the target water temperature and turns off the compressor when the water temperature becomes equal to or higher than a third temperature value higher than the target water temperature. 1. A hot and cold water air conditioning system that includes a heat pump heat source apparatus including a compressor driven according to an operation frequency , an air-conditioning apparatus configured to perform air conditioning in a room , pipes connecting the heat pump heat source apparatus and the air-conditioning apparatus in a ring shape thereby forming a circulation path , and a water circulation pump configured to circulate water inside the pipes , the system comprising:a water temperature sensor configured to detect a temperature of water flowing out of the heat pump heat source apparatus by an operation of the water circulation pump; anda controller configured to perform, in a heating operation, on/off normal control that turns on the compressor when the water temperature detected by the water temperature sensor becomes lower than a target water ...

HEAT PUMP UNIT AND MULTI-FUNCTIONAL MODE CONTROL METHOD

A heat pump unit, which comprises: a heat pump system comprising a compressor, a refrigeration heat exchanger, a heating heat exchanger, a first heat exchanger, a flow path switching valve and a throttling element, wherein the throttling dement is arranged on a flow path between any two of the heat exchangers; and further comprising a mode switching flow path, wherein a first flow path, a second flow path and a third flow path are arranged and each flow path is controllably conducted or disconnected to realize different functional modes. 1. A heat pump unit , comprising:a heat pump system comprising a compressor, a refrigeration heat exchanger, a heating heat exchanger, a first heat exchanger, a flow path switching valve which is capable of switching a flow direction of refrigerant and a throttling element, wherein the throttling element is arranged on a flow path between any two of the refrigeration heat exchanger, the heating heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger; and further comprising:a mode switching flow path, wherein a first flow path, a second flow path and a third flow path are arranged in the mode switching flow path and each flow path is controllably conducted or disconnected to realize different functional modes, wherein, under a sole refrigeration mode, a circular flow direction of the refrigerant is from a gas outlet of the compressor to a gas suction port of the compressor through the flow path switching valve, the first heat exchanger, the first flow path of the mode switching flow path and the refrigeration heat exchanger; and/orunder a sole heating mode, the circular flow direction of the refrigerant is from the gas outlet of the compressor to the gas suction port of the compressor through the flow path switching valve, the heating heat exchanger, the second flow path of the mode switching flow path, the first heat exchanger and the flow path switching valve; and/orunder a simultaneous refrigeration and heating mode, the circular flow ...

Air-conditioning apparatus

A refrigerant circuit is configured by connecting, by pipes, a compressor that compresses a heat-source-side refrigerant, a first refrigerant flow switching device, a heat-source-side heat exchanger, an expansion device, and one or more intermediate heat exchangers that exchange heat between a heat-source-side refrigerant and a heat medium that is different from the heat-source-side refrigerant. A controller performs control of pumps to drive the pumps at a specific pump capacity or higher to circulate the heat medium at a time when a heat recovery defrosting operation for causing the heat-source-side refrigerant that has been heated by the heat medium in the intermediate heat exchangers to flow into the heat-source-side heat exchanger for defrosting purposes.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR RISK REDUCTION DURING REFRIGERANT LEAK

A method of monitoring a refrigerant leak. The method includes monitoring, by a first controller, operation of a first HVAC system for conditioning air within a first level of a residence, monitoring, by a second controller, operation of a second HVAC system for conditioning air within a second level of the residence and determining, using a plurality of leak detectors, whether refrigerant within the first HVAC system is leaking. Responsive to a positive determination in the determining step, receiving, by the first controller, a refrigerant leak warning signal, forwarding, by the first controller to the second controller, the refrigerant leak warning signal. Responsive to receiving the refrigerant leak warning signal from the first controller, activating, by the second controller, a variable-speed circulation fan of the second HVAC system. 1. A method of monitoring a refrigerant leak , the method comprising:monitoring, by a first controller, operation of a first heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system for conditioning air within a first level of a residence;monitoring, by a second controller, operation of a second HVAC system for conditioning air within a second level of the residence;determining, using a plurality of leak detectors, whether refrigerant within the first HVAC system is leaking;responsive to a positive determination in the determining step, receiving, by the first controller, a refrigerant leak warning signal;forwarding, by the first controller to the second controller, the refrigerant leak warning signal; andresponsive to receiving the refrigerant leak warning signal from the first controller, activating, by the second controller, a variable-speed circulation fan of the second HVAC system.2. The method of further comprising:responsive to a negative determination in the determining step, returning to the monitoring step.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:responsive to a positive determination in the determining step, ...

Air-conditioning unit

An air-conditioning unit that is able to suppress ignition at an electric heater even when leakage of refrigerant occurs while a low-GWP refrigerant is used is provided. In an outdoor unit (20) including a casing (60), a compressor (21) provided inside the casing (60) and configured to compress refrigerant containing 1,2-difluoroethylene, and a drain pan heater (54) provided inside the casing (60), an electric power consumption of the drain pan heater (54) is lower than or equal to 300 W.

MECHANICAL DEVICE AND OPERATING METHOD THEREOF

A mechanical device includes a working medium, a hot end, a cold end, and first and second volume regulating units. The hot and cold ends are in thermal contact with the working medium during circulation thereof. The first and second volume regulating units are disposed between the hot and cold ends, and are configured to allow passage of the working medium therethrough to perform compression and expansion of the working medium. The volume of the working medium exiting the first volume regulating unit differs from that of the working medium entering the second volume regulating unit. The volume of the working medium entering the first volume regulating unit differs from that of the working medium exiting the second volume regulating unit. 1. A mechanical device , comprising:a working medium that is configured to circulate along a circulation path;a hot end that is in thermal contact with said working medium during the circulation thereof;a cold end that is in thermal contact with said working medium during the circulation thereof, a temperature of said cold end being lower than a temperature of said hot end;a first volume regulating unit that is disposed between said hot and cold ends, and that is configured to allow passage of said working medium therethrough to perform one of compression and expansion of said working medium during the circulation thereof; anda second volume regulating unit that is disposed between said hot and cold ends, and that is configured to allow passage of said working medium therethrough to perform the other one of compression and expansion of said working medium during the circulation thereof;wherein during a cycle of circulation of said working medium, a volume of said working medium exiting said first volume regulating unit differs from a volume of said working medium entering said second volume regulating unit, and a volume of said working medium entering said first volume regulating unit differs from a volume of said working medium ...

Ammonia Plant Upgrading-Multistage Integrated Chilling of Process Air Compressor with Ammonia Compressor Followed by Air Flow Split and Multistage Air Preheating to Secondary Ammonia Reformer

This disclosure relates to an ammonia plant system upgrade utilizing both a direct and indirect multistage chilling system in the ammonia plant air compression train to increase process air flow to the secondary ammonia reformer of the ammonia plant as well as upgrades to provide more heating to the increased process air flow. 1. An ammonia plant system upgrade utilizing a direct multistage chilling system in the ammonia plant air compression train to increase process air flow to the secondary ammonia reformer of the ammonia plant comprising:a. a two stage suction air chiller in the air compression system that chills incoming air by heat exchange with expanded high pressure ammonia from the ammonia compression system of the ammonia plant;b. additional two stage air chillers between each of the air compressors of the air compression train, each air chiller chilling incoming air by heat exchange with expanded high pressure ammonia from the ammonia compression system of the ammonia plant.2. The ammonia plant system upgrade utilizing a direct multistage chilling system in the ammonia plant air compression train to increase process air flow to the secondary ammonia reformer of the ammonia plant of further comprising:a. a new steam preheater for heating the increased process air flow; i. the existing dedicated process air preheat coils of the secondary reformer;', 'ii. modified feed preheat convection coils of the secondary reformer; and', 'iii. modified boiler feedwater convection coils; and, 'b. wherein the preheated and increased production flow from the air compression train is separated into three streams which are further heated inc. wherein the combined heated three streams are fed to the secondary reformer.3. An ammonia plant system upgrade utilizing an indirect multistage chilling system in the ammonia plant air compression train to increase process air flow to the secondary ammonia reformer of the ammonia plant comprising:a. a two stage suction air chiller in ...

VEHICL AIR CONDITIONING APPARATUS

There is provided a vehicle air conditioning apparatus that can prevent the amount of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor from reducing when an outside air temperature is low to achieve a heating performance required for a heating operation, and also can dehumidify the vehicle interior without deteriorating the heating performance during a heating and dehumidifying operation. The vehicle air conditioning apparatus includes: a heat released refrigerant expansion valve that decompresses the refrigerant discharged from the radiator during the heating operation and the first heating and dehumidifying operation; a gas-liquid separator that separates the refrigerant decompressed by the heat released refrigerant expansion valve into a gaseous refrigerant and a liquid refrigerant; and a bypass circuit that allows part of at least the gaseous refrigerant separated in the gas-liquid separator to flow into a section of the compressor through which the refrigerant being decompressed passes. 1. A vehicle air conditioning apparatus comprising:a compressor configured to compress and discharge a refrigerant;a radiator configured to release heat from the refrigerant;a heat exchanger configured to absorb the heat into the refrigerant;an outdoor heat exchanger configured to release the heat from or absorb the heat into the refrigerant;a first expansion valve configured to decompress the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger;a second expansion valve configured to decompress the refrigerant flowing into the heat exchanger;an accumulator configured to separate the refrigerant into a gas and a liquid and to allow the refrigerant to be sucked into the compressor, the accumulator being provided in a refrigerant flow passage to a suction side of the compressor into which the refrigerant is sucked;a heating refrigerant circuit configured to allow the refrigerant discharged from the compressor to flow into the radiator and release heat in the radiator, to allow the ...

AIR-CONDITIONING UNIT AND METHOD

An air-conditioning unit including an air circuit with an air inlet, a main fan and an air outlet designed to be connected to a chamber, preferably via one or more flexible ducts, and a refrigerant circuit including a heat exchanger/evaporator positioned in the air circuit to cool the air by evaporating the refrigerant, a compressor and a condenser for condensing the refrigerant before it is returned to the heat exchanger/evaporator. The heat exchanger/evaporator includes several parallel circuits each having at least one regulator valve. The air circuit also includes a temperature probe downstream of the heat exchanger/evaporator and connected to a controller which controls the regulator valves to regulate the flow of refrigerant, and a pressure probe at the air outlet and connected to a regulator for regulating the speed and/or the power of the main fan so as not to exceed a maximum raised pressure at air outlet. 1. An air conditioning unit comprising:a body;an air inlet formed in the body;an air outlet from the body, the air outlet connectable to an enclosure having predetermined pressure and flow rate characteristics;an outlet temperature sensor located at the air outlet;an air treatment chamber located within the body between the air inlet and the air outlet;an exchanger/evaporator operable for cooling air passing through the air treatment chamber, the exchanger/evaporator including a plurality of parallel circuits each of which includes an individually controllable pressure reducing valve for regulating the flow rate of refrigerant through the exchanger/evaporator;a compressor operable for supplying refrigerant to each parallel circuit of the exchanger/evaporator, the flow rate of refrigerant being determined in accordance with the temperature sensed by the outlet temperature sensor;a fan located in the body and operable for drawing air from the air inlet, through the air treatment chamber and to the air outlet, the fan being controllable to produce an air ...

REFRIGERATION CYCLE APPARATUS

A refrigeration cycle apparatus includes a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a first heat exchanger, an expansion mechanism, and a second heat exchanger are connected by pipes. The first heat exchanger includes a first refrigerant passage and a second refrigerant passage that share a plurality of fins with each other and provided in parallel in the refrigerant circuit. The apparatus further includes a high-and-low-pressure switching mechanism which is located on an inlet side of the second refrigerant passage of the first heat exchanger in flowing of refrigerant in an operation in which the first heat exchanger functions as a condenser, and which performs switching between flow directions of the refrigerant. The apparatus further includes a refrigerant blocking mechanism located on an outlet side of the second refrigerant passage of the first heat exchanger in the flowing of the refrigerant in the operation, and which blocks the flowing of the refrigerant. 1. A refrigeration cycle apparatus comprising a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor , a first heat exchanger , an expansion mechanism and a second heat exchanger are connected by pipes ,wherein the first heat exchanger includes a first refrigerant passage and a second refrigerant passage that share a plurality of fins with each other,the first refrigerant passage and the second refrigerant passage are provided in parallel in the refrigerant circuit;a high-and-low-pressure switching mechanism is provided on an inlet side of the second refrigerant passage of the first heat exchanger in flowing of refrigerant in an operation in which the first heat exchanger functions as a condenser, and is configured to perform switching between flow directions of the refrigerant;a refrigerant blocking mechanism is provided on an outlet side of the second refrigerant passage of the first heat exchanger in the flowing of the refrigerant in the operation, and is configured to block the flowing of the refrigerant, ...