МНОГОПОДОВАЯ ПЕЧЬ

Изобретение относится к многоподовой печи. Многоподовая печь содержит газовую систему охлаждения для ее центрального вала (20) и для ее гребков (26). Газовая система охлаждения включает внутри вала (20) кольцеобразный основной канал (54, 54') распределения для подачи охлаждающего газа в гребки (26) и центральный отводящий канал (56) для откачивания покидающего гребки (26) охлаждающего газа. Газовая система охлаждения также содержит кольцеобразный основной канал (52, 52') подачи, окружающий кольцеобразный основной канал (54, 54') распределения, и ограниченный снаружи наружной оболочкой (50) вала. Впускное отверстие (44', 44'') охлаждающего газа соединено с кольцеобразным основным каналом (52, 52') подачи. Проход (60', 60'') охлаждающего газа между кольцеобразным основным каналом (52, 52') подачи и кольцеобразным основным каналом (54, 54') распределения находится на расстоянии от впускного отверстия (44', 44'') охлаждающего газа, так что охлаждающий газ, подаваемый к впускному отверстию ( ...

ИЗНОСОСТОЙКИЙ КОМПОЗИТНЫЙ МАТЕРИАЛ, ЕГО ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ В ОХЛАЖДАЮЩИХ ЭЛЕМЕНТАХ ДЛЯ МЕТАЛЛУРГИЧЕСКОЙ ПЕЧИ И СПОСОБ ЕГО ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ

Изобретение относится к устойчивому к истиранию материалу для рабочей поверхности охлаждающего элемента металлургической печи, такого как плитовый холодильник или фурменный холодильник, имеющего корпус, состоящий из первого металла. Устойчивый к истиранию материал представляет собой макрокомпозитный материал, включающий устойчивые к истиранию частицы, которые размещены в, по существу, повторяющейся упорядоченной конфигурации, пропитанной матрицей из второго металла, причем частицы имеют более высокую твердость, чем второй металл. Охлаждающий элемент для металлургической печи имеет корпус, состоящий из первого металла, причем корпус имеет облицовочный слой, содержащий устойчивый к истиранию материал. Способ включает размещение упорядоченной конфигурации устойчивых к истиранию частиц в полости литейной формы с расположением упорядоченной конфигурации в области полости литейной формы, образующей облицовочный слой, и введение расплавленного металла в полость, причем расплавленный металл содержит ...

СПОСОБ ПРЯМОЙ ПЛАВКИ

Изобретение относится к способу получения металла из металлосодержащего сырья. Способ включает формирование жидкой ванны, содержащей слой металла и слой шлака над слоем металла, в металлургической печи. Вдувают газ-носитель, металлосодержащее сырье и твердый углеродосодержащий материал в слой металла через множество фурм для вдувания твердых материалов, расположенных над поверхностью слоя металла и простирающихся по направлению к нему, и вызывают выброс расплавленного материала из жидкой ванны в виде всплесков, капель и брызг в пространство над номинально спокойной поверхностью жидкой ванны для образования переходной зоны. Расплавляют металлосодержащее сырье до металла в слое металла. Вдувают кислородосодержащий газ в печь через одну или несколько фурм и дожигают реакционные газы, выделяющиеся из жидкой ванны, причем поднимающиеся и затем опускающиеся всплески, капли и брызги расплавленного материала в переходной зоне облегчают теплоотдачу в жидкую ванну, а переходная зона уменьшает потери ...

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ИНДИВИДУАЛЬНОГО ЗАКАЛОЧНОГО УПРОЧНЕНИЯ КОМПОНЕНТОВ ТЕХНИЧЕСКОГО ОБОРУДОВАНИЯ

Изобретение относится к устройствам для индивидуальной закалки компонентов технического оборудования в виде шестерен, зубчатых колес или опорных колец. Устройство содержит вакуумную печь с закалочной камерой (1), которая имеет плотно закрывающиеся люки для загрузки и выгрузки обрабатываемого изделия (14). Расположенный внутри сменный стол (4) для размещения обрабатываемого компонента (14), окруженный комплектом съемных сопел (5). Резервуар (6) для подачи охлаждающей среды в сопла (5), установленный на впускном отверстии закалочной камеры (1), соединенный с впускным отверстием резервуара (7) для сбора охлаждающей среды из закалочной камеры (1). Компрессор (15), установленный между указанными резервуарами (6, 7) для обеспечения потока охлаждающей среды по замкнутому контуру. Между выпускным отверстием резервуара (6) для подачи охлаждающей среды в сопла (5) и впускным отверстием закалочной камеры (1) расположен контроллер (10) для регулирования скорости потока охлаждающей среды. Между выпускным ...

КОМПЛЕКТЫ ПАНЕЛИ ГОРЕЛКИ И/ИЛИ ИНЖЕКТОРА С ВОДЯНЫМ ОХЛАЖДЕНИЕМ, УСТРОЙСТВО ПАНЕЛИ ГОРЕЛКИ И/ИЛИ ИНЖЕКТОРА С ВОДЯНЫМ ОХЛАЖДЕНИЕМ И СПОСОБЫ ИХ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ

Изобретение относится к области металлургии и может быть использовано для водяного охлаждения панели горелки и/или инжектора для установки в электродуговой печи. Панель содержит первый и второй контуры охлаждающей воды, проходящие через внутреннюю часть панели между входом и выходом, по меньшей мере одно отверстие для установки горелки и/или инжектора, и средство обратимого присоединения к выходу первого контура и к входу второго контура, выполненное в виде удаляемого гибкого шланга или жесткой трубы с возможностью обеспечения потока воды без утечек последовательно через вход первого контура, первый контур, удаляемый шланг или трубу, и второй контур, и наружу из выхода второго контура. Упомянутую панель устанавливают на боковой стенке или на балконной панели печи и присоединяют ее первый и второй контуры параллельно к источнику охлаждающей воды без соединения их гибким шлангом или жесткой трубой, и затем подают воду либо присоединяют ее первый и второй контуры последовательно к источнику ...

СПОСОБ ОБЖИГА КЕРАМИЧЕСКИХ ИЗДЕЛИЙ И ПЕЧЬ ДЛЯ ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ СПОСОБА

Группа изобретений относится к способу обжига керамических изделий и печи для их обжига. Способ обжига керамических изделий (100) в печи (1) для обжига включает охлаждение изделий (100) путем впрыскивания охлаждающей среды в печь через отводящий трубопровод (43, 8) погашенной горелки (4). Печь (1) содержит, по крайней мере, пламенную горелку (4), оборудованную трубопроводом подачи поддерживающего горение вещества (46, 6), трубопроводом отвода горячих газов из печи (43, 8) и теплообменником (40, 42) для осуществления теплообмена между средами, протекающими через подающий трубопровод (46, 6) и отводящий трубопровод (43, 8). Технический результат заключается в ускорении процесса охлаждения изделий в печи. 2 н. и 8 з.п. ф-лы, 5 ил.

ВРАЩАЮЩИЙСЯ РЕШЕТЧАТЫЙ ОХЛАДИТЕЛЬ ДЛЯ ОХЛАЖДЕНИЯ КЛИНКЕРА ИЛИ АНАЛОГИЧНОГО ПРОДУКТА

Изобретение касается вращающегося решетчатого охладителя для непрерывного и быстрого охлаждения клинкера или аналогичных продуктов. Сущность изобретения: охладитель состоит из цилиндрической трубчатой решетки, которой сообщается постоянное вращательное движение с регулируемой скоростью вокруг продольной оси симметрии и которая несколько наклонена по отношению к горизонтальной плоскости. Внешняя цилиндрическая поверхность вращающейся решетки, совершающей вращательное движение, постоянно проходит мимо внутренней части охладителя, откуда поступает постоянный поток холодного воздуха из камер под давлением, расположенных вдоль всей длины вращающейся решетки. Клинкер, приготовленный в печи для обжига при очень высокой температуре, постоянно подается через подающий канал в более высокорасположенную часть внутренней цилиндрической поверхности вращающейся решетки через пластины охлаждения. Далее масса горячего клинкера, распределенная в продольном направлении, подвергается непрерывному турбулентному ...

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ОХЛАЖДЕНИЯ ВРАЩАЮЩЕЙСЯ ОБЖИГОВОЙ ПЕЧИ

Использование: в устройствах для охлаждения вращающихся обжиговых печей жидким охлаждаюим агентом. Сущность изобретения: при помощи набора регулируемых перегородок 5 и труб 12 с насадками 6, расположенными на одной и той же высоте относительно поверхности вращающейся печи 1, происходит распределение охлаждающего агента с образованием равномерной жидкой пленки на поверхности печи 1. 3 з. п. ф-лы, 1 ил.

УЛУЧШЕННЫЕ СИСТЕМА И СПОСОБ ОХЛАЖДЕНИЯ ПЕЧИ

... 1. Система охлаждения для распределения и сбора хладагента на основе текучей среды в металлургической емкости, используемой при обработке расплавленных материалов, содержащая:распределительную систему, включающую в себя впускной разветвленный трубопровод, множество коллекторов, присоединенных к впускному разветвленному трубопроводу, и множество распределительных диспергаторов, установленных вдоль каждого коллектора,собирающую систему, включающую в себя собирающий разветвленный трубопровод, установленный для обеспечения сбора хладагент на основе текучей среды, при этомраспределительные диспергаторы позиционированы для обеспечения направления хладагента на основе текучей среды к собирающему разветвленному трубопроводу и использованию большей части кинетической энергии хладагента на основе текучей среды, для направления хладагента на основе текучей среды к собирающему разветвленному трубопроводу.2. Система по п.1, в которой первый коллектор и второй коллектор присоединены по существу на противоположных ...

МНОГОПОДОВАЯ ПЕЧЬ

... 1. Многоподовая печь содержащая: ! несколько установленных друг на друга подовых камер (12), ! полый вертикально вращающийся вал (20), простирающийся центрально через подовые камеры (12), при этом вал (20) включает в себя наружную оболочку (50), а в каждой из подовых камер (12) к валу (20) прикреплен по меньшей мере один гребок (26), ! газовую охлаждающую систему для вала (20) и гребков (26), при этом газовая охлаждающая система включает в себя внутри наружной оболочки (50) кольцеобразный основной канал (54, 54') распределения для подачи охлаждающего газа в гребки (26) и центральный отводящий канал (56) для откачивания покидающего гребки (26) охлаждающего газа, и ! соединительные средства для соединения гребков (26) с валом (20), при этом каждое из соединительных средств включает в себя средства подачи охлаждающего газа, находящиеся в непосредственной связи с кольцеобразным основным каналом (54, 54') распределения, и средства возврата охлаждающего газа, находящиеся в непосредственной связи ...

ТЕРМИЧЕСКАЯ ОБРАБОТКА МЕТАЛЛИЧЕСКИХ ОБРАБАТЫВАЕМЫХ ИЗДЕЛИЙ

... 1. Способ термической обработки металлических обрабатываемых изделий, в котором для закалки обрабатываемых изделий в вакуумной печи с помощью вентилятора с приводом от трехфазного электродвигателя переменного тока создают поток охлаждающего газа, отличающийся тем, что используют трехфазный электродвигатель переменного тока, содержащий первые трехфазные обмотки, рассчитанные на пониженное напряжение питания, и, по меньшей мере, вторые трехфазные обмотки, рассчитанные на повышенное напряжение питания, причем до достижения в вакуумной печи минимального давления, определяемого по выходной мощности электродвигателя, трехфазный электродвигатель переменного тока эксплуатируют, используя первые трехфазные обмотки, а при достижении или превышении в вакуумной печи минимального давления, определяемого по выходной мощности электродвигателя, трехфазный электродвигатель переменного тока эксплуатируют, используя, по меньшей мере, вторые трехфазные обмотки. ! 2. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что при ...

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ОХЛАЖДАЮЩЕГО ЭЛЕМЕНТА ДЛЯ ПИРОМЕТАЛЛУРГИЧЕСКОГО РЕАКТОРА И ОХЛАЖДАЮЩИЙ ЭЛЕМЕНТ

... 1. Способ получения охлаждающего элемента (2) для пирометаллургических реакторов, включающийобразование корпуса (4), имеющего, по меньшей мере, один охлаждающий канал (5), причем направление охлаждающего канала ограничено продольным направлением охлаждающего элемента (2),образование, по меньшей мере, одного крепежного паза (6) на одной поверхности охлаждающего элемента (2) для крепления огнеупорных плиток к охлаждающему элементу, иобеспечение прохода (7) для охлаждающей текучей среды, по меньшей мере, в один охлаждающий канал (5),отличающийся тем, что предусматриваетобразование, по меньшей мере, одного крепежного паза (6), который проходит параллельно, по меньшей мере, одному охлаждающему каналу (5), иобразование, по меньшей мере, поверхности, противоположной поверхности, в которой крепежный паз получен непрерывно и равномерно изогнутым в направлении, поперечном охлаждающему каналу.2. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что охлаждающий элемент (2), содержащий корпус (4), по меньшей мере, один ...

СПОСОБ ОХЛАЖДЕНИЯ МЕТАЛЛУРГИЧЕСКОЙ ПЕЧИ

... 1. Способ охлаждения металлургической печи посредством по меньшей мере одного охлаждающего элемента, через который протекает охлаждающая среда, отличающийся тем, что охлаждающую среду, содержащую по меньшей мере одну ионную жидкость, предпочтительно состоящую из ионной жидкости, пропускают через охлаждающий элемент.2. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, чтоиспользуют ионную жидкость, которая в области температур между комнатной температурой и 600°С, предпочтительно между комнатной температурой и 300°С, является жидкой.3. Способ по п.1 или 2, отличающийся тем, что ионную жидкость выбирают из соединений, содержащих фосфор, бор, кремний и/или металлы.4. Способ по п.1 или 2, отличающийся тем, что обеспечивают циркуляцию охлаждающей среды в замкнутом контуре охлаждения.5. Способ по п.1 или 2, отличающийся тем, что охлаждающую среду пропускают через теплообменник, предпочтительно используемый для парообразования.6. Способ по п.1 или 2, отличающийся тем, что осуществляют охлаждение металлургической ...

ОХЛАЖДЕНИЕ ФУРМЫ ДОМЕННОЙ ПЕЧИ

... 1. Система охлаждения, включающая:- литую или подвергнутую фрезеровке металлическую обрабатываемую деталь;- змеевиковый проход, предусмотренный для циркуляции охлаждающей жидкости, помещенной в обрабатываемой детали, и обычно работающий в единой ровной, складчатой или изогнутой плоскости; и- ряд перегородок, размещенных внутри змеевикового прохода и предусмотренных для поворота указанной циркулирующей охлаждающей жидкости в каждой из серии змеевиковых петель;характеризуемая:- постепенным утолщением каждой из ряда перегородок по направлению к их соответствующим дистальным концам и завершением в концах радиуса и предназначением для поворота на 180° указанной циркулирующей охлаждающей жидкости в последующую змеевиковую петлю;- радиусом внутри змеевикового прохода относительно указанной единой ровной или изогнутой плоскости и радиальным относительно каждого постепенного утолщения каждой из ряда перегородок, где предусмотрен поворот указанной охлаждающей жидкости в последующую змеевиковую петлю ...

Способ защиты верхней части лещадидОМЕННОй пЕчи

INTERNER REFRAKTÄRKÜHLER

Durchlauf-Wärmebehandlungsofen mit gesteigerter Kühlleistung seiner Kühlzone und Verfahren hierzu

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Durchlauf-Wärmebehandlungsofen (1) mit einer Erwärmungszone (4) zur Wärmebehandlung eines Werkstücks und einer sich anschließenden Kühlzone (5), die das Werkstück entlang einer Kühlstreckenachse zur Abkühlung durchläuft, wobei die Kühlzone (5) in ihrer oberen Hälfte entlang der Kühlstreckenachse eine Vielzahl von Düsen (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60) zum Einbringen eines insbesondere gasförmigen Treibmediums in die Kühlzone aufweist, wobei die Düsen derart angeordnet sind, dass sie das Treibmedium in einem Winkel von ±10° zur Horizontalen einblasen, und wobei zumindest ein Teil (50, 30, 10) der Düsen auf der rechten Seite der Kühlzone (5) und der andere Teil (40, 20, 60) auf der linken Seite der Kühlzone angeordnet ist.

Mit Kuehlrohren ausgestattete Feuerraumwand, insbesondere Reaktionsrauminnenwand vonRoestoefen u. dgl.

OFENWAND MIT KÜHLPLATTEN FÜR EINEN METALLURGISCHEN OFEN

Economiser for electric arc furnace

An arrangement for cooling melting, open hearth or electrical furnaces, or firing apparatus or other apparatus

... 664,571. Cooling svstems for furnaces or like apparatus. NORGREN, S. J. N. Oct. 17. 1949, No. 26570/49. Class 64(iii) Relates to the cooling of apparatus, e.g. (melting, open hearth or electrical furnaces or firing or other apparatus) in which 'a cooling medium absorbing heat from the apparatus to be cooled is pumped through a circulation system which includes one or more heat exchangers for using the absorbed heat and in which the circulation system is connected to a source of cooling medium not taking part in the circulation so that cooling medium under pressure may be supplied to the system through a conduit from said source. According to the invention, the said conduit is provided with a valve adapted to be operated by the pressure regulator or a temperature regulator adapted to open at a predetermined pressure or predetermined temperature respectively of the cooling medium in the circulation system, and said conduit being connected to the circulation system at a point located upstream ...

Multi-compartment kilns

... 1,118,329. Cooling furnace foundations. SWISS ALUMINIUM Ltd. 26 Sept., 1966 [8 Oct., 1965], No. 42903/66. Heading F4B. Cooling passages are formed by tubes 6 embedded in a concrete mat 5 between the foundations 7, 8 and the bottom of a multicompartment kiln. The concrete mat 5 is embedded in sand 4. The cooling passages lead from a passage 9 dividing the kiln into two sections and air from the passage is driven through the tubes by fans 10.

EVAPORATIVE COOLING METHOD USING NATURAL CIRCULATION OF COOLING WATER

... 1488563 Furnace cooling systems; boilers NIPPON KOKAN KK 2 May 1975 [20 May 1974 27 Sept 1974] 18362/75 Headings F4B F4A and F4U In a method of cooling apparatus such as a furnace 3 using a natural circulation evaporative cooling system comprising a steam separator drum 1, a downcomer 2, a cooling pipe 4 and a riser 5, with the amount of make-up cooling water added to the system corresponding to the quantity of steam generated within the system and discharged from the separator drum 1 through a line 10, the cooling water in the cooling pipe 4 is maintained in a completely liquid state, with evaporation of part of said cooling water taking place only in said riser 5 and said steam separator drum 1, by selecting system parameters to satisfy the following formula where Q = thermal load acting on the cooling pipe, V = amount of cooling water circulating in the cooling pipe, # = density of the cooling water, c=specific heat of the cooling water, P h3 =pressure of cooling water in the uppermost ...

Method and arrangement for measuring at least one physical magnitude, such as temperature, flow or pressure of the cooling fluid flowing in an individual cooling element cycle of a cooling element in a metallurgical furnace

Method and arrangement for measuring at least one physical magnitude such as temperature, flow or pressure of the cooling fluid flowing in an individual cooling element in a metallurgical furnace

System and method for control of side layer formation in an aluminum electolysis cell

Method and arrangement for measuring at least one physical magnitude such as temperature, flow or pressure of the cooling fluid flowing in an individual cooling element in a metallurgical furnace

System and method for control of side layer formation in an aluminum electolysis cell

System and method for control of side layer formation in an aluminum electolysis cell

Method and arrangement for measuring at least one physical magnitude such as temperature, flow or pressure of the cooling fluid flowing in an individual cooling element in a metallurgical furnace

INDUSTRIAL FURNACE AND ASSOCIATED NOZZLE ELEMENT

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR RESTAURANTS DESTRUCTION OF COMPACT MATERIALS IN HOISTING THERMAL PLANTS

FURNACE UNIT

COOLING PLATE

ROTATION FILLING DEVICE FOR A SHAFT KILN WITH COOLING SYSTEM

COOLING SECTION AND PROCEDURE FOR ITS PRODUCTION

KÜHLVORRICHTUNG FÜR EINEN DREHROHROFEN

INDUSTRIEOFEN, INSBESONDERE EINKAMMER-VAKUUMOFEN, ZUR WAERMEBEHANDLUNG METALLISCHER WERKSTUECKE

DECKEL FUER EINEN ELEKTROLICHTBOGENOFEN

VERFAHREN ZUM KÜHLEN EINER HEISSEN OBERFLÄCHE SOWIE EINRICHTUNG ZUR DURCHFÜHRUNG DES VERFAHRENS

INDUSTRIAL FURNACE, IN PARTICULAR A CHAMBER VACUUM FURNACE, FOR THE THERMAL TREATMENT OF METALLIC WORKPIECES

PROCEDURE FOR COOLING BEING CALLED A SURFACE AS WELL AS MECHANISM FOR THE EXECUTION OF THE PROCEDURE

COOLING SYSTEM FOR A METALLURGICAL CONTAINER

METALLURGICAL GEFASS, IN PARTICULAR CONVERTER

KÜHLSTAVE FOR SHAFT KILNS

COOLING DEVICE FOR WALL CONSTRUCTIONS AND/OR COVER CONSTRUCTIONS OF INDUSTRIAL FURNACES, IN PARTICULAR ELECTRIC-ARC FURNACES

FURNACE WALL COOLING BLOCK

VERFAHREN ZUR KÜHLUNG EINES METALLURGISCHEN OFENS SOWIE KÜHLKREISLAUFSYSTEM FÜR METALLURGISCHEÖFEN

In a method for cooling a metallurgical furnace, comprising at least one cooling element through which a cooling medium flows, a cooling medium that contains at least one ionic fluid, and preferably consists thereof, is conducted through the cooling element, thereby preventing the problems that are associated with water cooling, such as the danger of hydrogen explosions and damage to the furnace lining.

IMPROVED FURNACE COOLING SYSTEM AND - PROCEDURES

PROCEDURE FOR MELTING CINDER

VACUUM FURNACE WITH GAS COOLING EQUIPMENT

CATCHING PIT.

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE COOLING OF FURNACES.

COOLING PANEL FOR ELECTRIC-ARC FURNACES

FUEL PROPERTY CARRIER

PYROMETALLURGISCHES REAKTORKÜHLELEMENT UND DESSEN HERSTELLUNG

Procedure and devices for cooling stops of the walls of combustion chambers by powdered or liquid material of different particle size

Chamber furnace

DIRECT FUSION PROCEDURE

INDUSTRIAL FURNACE AND ASSOCIATED NOZZLE ELEMENT

INDUSTRIAL FURNACE AND ASSOCIATED NOZZLE ELEMENT

INDUSTRIAL FURNACE AND ASSOCIATED NOZZLE ELEMENT

INDUSTRIAL FURNACE AND ASSOCIATED NOZZLE ELEMENT

INDUSTRIAL FURNACE AND ASSOCIATED NOZZLE ELEMENT

INDUSTRIAL FURNACE AND ASSOCIATED NOZZLE ELEMENT

INDUSTRIAL FURNACE AND ASSOCIATED NOZZLE ELEMENT

INDUSTRIAL FURNACE AND ASSOCIATED NOZZLE ELEMENT

INDUSTRIAL FURNACE AND ASSOCIATED NOZZLE ELEMENT

INDUSTRIAL FURNACE AND ASSOCIATED NOZZLE ELEMENT

INDUSTRIAL FURNACE AND ASSOCIATED NOZZLE ELEMENT

Cooling system for a surface of a metallurgical furnace

A cooling system to cool a surface of a tilting metallurgical furnace including an inner plate of the surface, a plurality of nozzles, and a drain manifold is disclosed. The inner plate has an external surface and an internal surface. The plurality of nozzles is configured to be fluidly connected to a coolant supply pipe. At least a first nozzle of the plurality of spray conduits is configured to spray coolant against the external surface of the inner plate. The drain manifold positioned to receive coolant from the external surface of the inner plate. At least a second nozzle of the plurality of nozzles is configured to spray coolant directly into the drain manifold.

METHOD FOR COOLING A KILN FURNACE

IMPROVED COOLING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MOLTEN MATERIAL HANDLING VESSELS

APPARATUS FOR THE TREATMENT OF WASTE

Improved furnace cooling system and method

Industrial furnace and associated jet element

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING A METALLIC SLURRY MATERIAL FOR USE IN SEMI-SOLID FORMING OF SHAPED PARTS

A PROCESS FOR COOLING OXYGEN INJECTION NOZZLES

A direct smelting process

Method and arrangement for reducing autoflash and slurry carryover in autoclave flash systems

The present invention relates to a method and an arrangement for pressure and temperature let down of autoclave discharge slurry, in particular in pressure oxidation or high pressure acid leach of metal containing ore. The method of the invention comprises a step of precooling the autoclave discharge slurry by contacting the autoclave discharge slurry with a cooling fluid for reducing the temperature of the autoclave discharge slurry prior to its entry into the first flash stage. The invention further relates to an autoclave (1) and pressure let-down arrangement adapted for providing cooling fluid to the autoclave discharge slurry prior its entry into the first flash vessel (2).

Smelting process and apparatus

A smelting vessel (4) for producing molten metal includes a.refractory lined hearth that in use is in contact with molten slag or molten metal in the smelting vessel, and the hearth includes a plurality of heat pipes (2.1) positioned in a refractory lining of at least a part of the hearth for cooling the refractory lining.

Device for cooling parts of the vessel of a furnace, especially a metallurgical furnace

Metallurgical furnace vacuum slag removal

Metallurgical vessel comprising a tapping device and method for the controlled, slag-free extraction of molten metal from said vessel

HEAT EXCHANGER

ELECTRIC FURNACES

METHOD FOR COOLING A METALLURGICAL FURNACE

In a method for cooling a metallurgical furnace, comprising at least one cooling element through which a cooling medium flows, a cooling medium that contains at least one ionic fluid, and preferably consists thereof, is conducted through the cooling element, thereby preventing the problems that are associated with water cooling, such as the danger of hydrogen explosions and damage to the furnace lining.

FURNACE COOLING APPARATUS

FURNACE COOLING APPARATUS Furnace cooling apparatus is provided including iron staves on the inside of a steel shell, outer portions of the staves being hollow to define reservoirs filled with water. Heat pipes are mounted in bores in inner solid portions of each stave and extend from inner ends in the reservoir to outer ends spaced a short distance from the inner surface of the stave. The inner surface of a stave has alternating surfaces and recesses and heat pipes aligned therewith have corresponding long and short lengths.

ELECTRIC FURNACES

An electric furnace for fusing of fusible metal/non-metal oxide compounds, for example slag, having side wall of steal, a plurality of electrodes depending into the furnace, a coolant distributing conduit surrounding the furnace near its upper end, and a tapping valve located in the side wall of the furnace between its upper and lower ends, the furnace being operated by malting the slag to form a melt, the outer layer of which is in contact with the inner surface of the furnace side wall which is frozen by the chilled coolant flowing over the outer surface thereof, to thereby form a frozen slag lining on the side wall inner surface which is continuously replenished as it is depleted.

COOLING DEVICE FOR WALL STRUCTURES OF FURNACES

A cooling device is described for the wall structures or coverplates of furnaces and industrial furnaces and electric arc furnaces in particular. A plurality of cooling tubes disposed side by side with intermediate gaps, have elbow members welded on the tube ends. The flow channel for the cooling agent thus follows a serpentine or meandering path. The ends of the cooling tubes connected to the elbow members are expanded towards each other and the expanded sections are contiguous so that they define the intermediate gaps and are welded one to the next. Such elbow members are caps welded on the ends of the cooling tubes and thus form a united self-supporting assembly. An additional plate can be mounted, without welding to the tube assembly on the face away from the furnace space.

APPARATUS FOR COOLING A MOVING BED OF SOLID, GAS PERMEABLE PARTICLES

BLASTING LANCE WITH A GAS/LIQUID MIXING CHAMBER AND A METHOD FOR THE EXPANSION COOLING THEREOF

The invention relates to a method for cooling a lance provided for converting a medium into a molten mass and/or for measuring the properties of the molten mass. A gas/liquid mixture is fed as a cooling medium into a cooling circuit which is closed up to the lance end (2) situated on the melting side. The invention provides that the gas/liquid mixture or the components thereof is/are fed and permitted to expand under pressure up to the area of the lance end (2) situated on the melting side. The invention also relates to a lance which has a mixing chamber (5, 6) connected to the cooling circuit. The mixing chamber has the connections (3, 7) for a gas and liquid supply which is designed to produce the gas/liquid mixture, whereby the mixing chamber (5, 6) is connected via a pressure line (10) to at least one two-component nozzle (11) arranged in the area of the lance end (2) which is situated on the melting side.

SHAFT FOR THE HEAT TREATMENT OF MATERIAL, FOR EXAMPLE FOR MELTING ORE CONCENTRATE

DYNAMIC COOLING OF A METALLURGICAL FURNACE

One embodiment is a cooling system for regulating temperature of a surface of a metallurgical furnace. The cooling system includes a plurality of spray conduits. Each spray conduit has one or more control valves and has a plurality of nozzles. A plurality of temperature sensors are disposed proximate the surface of the metallurgical furnace. A control system adjusts the control valves of the plurality of spray conduits in response to temperature information derived from the plurality of temperature sensors.

COOLING EQUIPMENT FOR CONTINUOUS ANNEALING FURNACE

The cooling facility in a continuous annealing furnace pertaining to an embodiment of the present invention is provided with: a plurality of jetting parts each disposed in a cooling zone in a continuous annealing furnace having a heating zone, a soaking zone, and a cooling zone through which a band-shaped steel sheet is sent in sequence, the jetting parts forming a row in a sending direction of the steel sheet, and each jetting a cooling gas to which hydrogen is added from a plurality of jetting nozzles to the steel sheet; and a hydrogen concentration adjustment part for adjusting the hydrogen concentration of the cooling gas jetted from each of the plurality of jetting parts so that a hydrogen concentration distribution is formed in which the hydrogen concentration is higher in an upstream region than in a downstream region in a space in which the plurality of jetting parts are disposed in the cooling zone; the plurality of jetting nozzles in the plurality of jetting parts forming a row ...

PYROMETALLURGICAL REACTOR COOLING ELEMENT AND ITS MANUFACTURE

The invention relates to a method of fabricating a pyrometallurgical reactor cooling element with flow channels. In order to enhance heat transfer capability, the wall surface area of the flow channel, which is traditionally round in cross-section, is increased without increasing the diameter or length of the channel.

COOLING SYSTEM TO REDUCE LIQUID METAL EMBRITTLEMENT IN METAL TUBE AND PIPE

A system and method for cooling a heat exchanger.

METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THERMAL BALANCE OF A SUSPENSION SMELTING FURNACE AND SUSPENSION SMELTING FURNACE

The invention relates to a method for controlling the thermal balance of a suspension smelting and to a suspension smelting furnace. The suspension smelting furnace, comprising a reaction shaft (1), a lower furnace (2), and an uptake (3), wherein the reaction shaft (1) having a shaft structure (4) that is provided with a surrounding wall structure (5) and a roof structure (6) and that limits a reaction chamber (7), and wherein the reaction shaft (1) is provided with a concentrate burner (14) for feeding pulverous solid matter and reaction gas into the reaction chamber (7). The shaft structure (4) of the reaction shaft (1) is provided with cooling means (8) for feeding endothermic material into the reaction chamber (7) of the reaction shaft (1).

FURNACE SHELL COOLING SYSTEM

A system for cooling a single or plural zones of the exterior of a furnace or similar hot device, e.g., kiln, calciner, etc. Each zone is cooled by a respective cooling assembly. The operation of the assemblies is effected by a common control system. Each cooling assembly comprises a shroud, an induction cooler, e.g., an exhaust fan, and at least one atomizing spray nozzle. The shroud is in the form of a jacket disposed over the associated exterior zone of the furnace and is spaced therefrom to form a cooling chamber therebetween. The exhaust fan is coupled to the shroud for inducing the flow of cooling air through the cooling chamber so that it absorbs heat from furnace's exterior. The atomizing spray nozzle is also coupled to the shroud and to a water and an air supply for introducing atomized droplets of water into the chamber, whereupon the droplets vaporize to absorb heat from the furnace's exterior. The exhaust fan vents the air and steam from the shroud means. A controller controls ...

Overheat detection system

According to one embodiment of the invention, a method for preventing the failure of a system, which includes one or more pipes, or one or more cooling jackets, or one or more fluid cooled system components carrying a fluid, involves detecting one or more pressure levels of the fluid in the one or more pipes at one or more points, then comparing the detected pressure levels to a corresponding one or more predetermined limitation values. If the detected pressure levels exceed the corresponding limitation values, a shut-down signal is generated. The shut-down signal triggers the adjusting of one or more systems responsible for causing thermal variations of the fluid, preventing the system from failing while allowing the system to continue operation shortly thereafter.

Method of Metal Processing Using Cryogenic Cooling

Described herein are a method, an apparatus, and a system for metal processing that improves one or more properties of a sintered metal part by controlling the process conditions of the cooling zone of a continuous furnace using one or more cryogenic fluids. In one aspect, there is provided a method comprising: providing a furnace wherein the metal part is passed therethough on a conveyor belt and comprises a hot zone and a cooling zone wherein the cooling zone has a first temperature; and introducing a cryogenic fluid into the cooling zone where the cryogenic fluid reduces the temperature of the cooling zone to a second temperature, wherein at least a portion of the cryogenic fluid provides a vapor within the cooling zone and cools the metal parts passing therethrough at an accelerated cooling rate.

Heat treatment furnace

A heating section 20 having heating elements using carbon which generates heat when a high-frequency electric current is fed to a coil whose pitch can be adjusted as desired is arranged in a heating chamber 10 . A cooling chamber 80 configured to cool metal to be heat-treated, which has been heated by the heating elements, is disposed below the heating chamber 10 in communication with the heating chamber 10 via a connection section 60 . A water-cooled vertically movable shaft 90 which is capable of supporting the metal to be heat-treated and entering the heating chamber 10 is disposed so as to penetrate through the bottom portion of the cooling chamber 80 . A gas introducing pipe 81 configured to introduce gas for cooling heated metal to be heat-treated supported by the water-cooled vertically movable shaft 90 and moved from the heating chamber 10 to the cooling chamber 80 is disposed in the cooling chamber 80 , so that a heat treatment furnace which is capable of reducing running cost and increasing cooling speed is realized.

Grate cooler plate having adjustable insert

A grate cooler plate including an air inlet and air passage openings through which the air flows for cooling the cooling goods present on the grate cooler plate. A rotatable insert having air passage openings is located in an upper surface of the grate cooler plate. The effect of the grate plate is that bulk goods placed in the inlet region of a grate plate cooler expand out to a flat cone of bulk goods.

Burner and Feed Apparatus For Flash Smelter

A burner for a flash smelting furnace. The burner includes a distributor for receiving pulverous feed material from a plurality of feed pipes. The distributor has at least one curved deflector that directs the feed stream in an evenly distributed annulus into the sleeve of the burner.

Suspension smelting furnace and a concentrate burner

The invention relates to a suspension smelting furnace comprising a reaction shaft ( 1 ), an uptake shaft ( 2 ), and a lower furnace ( 3 ), as well as a concentrate burner ( 4 ) for feeding reaction gas and fine solids into the reaction shaft ( 1 ) of the suspension smelting furnace. The concentrate burner ( 4 ) comprises a fine solids discharge channel ( 5 ) that is radially limited by the wall ( 6 ) of the solids discharge channel, a fine solids dispersion device ( 7 ) in the fine solids discharge channel ( 5 ), an annular reaction gas channel ( 8 ) that surrounds the fine solids discharge channel ( 5 ) and is radially limited by the wall ( 9 ) of the annular reaction gas channel ( 8 ), and a cooling block ( 10 ) that surrounds the annular reaction gas channel ( 8 ). The cooling block ( 10 ) is a component that is manufactured by a continuous casting method. The cooling block ( 10 ) is attached to the arch ( 11 ) of the reaction shaft ( 1 ) and the wall ( 9 ) of the annular reaction gas channel ( 8 ), so that the discharge orifice ( 12 ) of the annular reaction gas channel ( 8 ) is formed between a structure ( 13 ), which is jointly formed by the cooling block ( 10 ) and the wall ( 9 ) of the annular reaction gas channel ( 8 ), and the wall ( 6 ) of the solids discharge channel. The invention also relates to a concentrate burner ( 4 ) for feeding reaction gas and fine solids into the reaction shaft ( 1 ) of a suspension smelting furnace.

METHOD FOR STARTING A SINTERING FURNACE, AND SINTERING EQUIPMENT

The invention relates to a method and equipment for starting up a strand sintering furnace (). During start-up, the sintering furnace is heated in order to create suitable production temperatures in the different process zones (I-VII) having different temperatures, said zones including a drying zone (I), a heating zone (II), a sintering zone (III), an equalizing zone (IV), a first cooling zone (V), a second cooling zone (VI) and a third cooling zone (VII). During start-up, the cooling gas to be conducted to the second cooling zone (VI) is heated by means of a heating device () up to a temperature that is higher than the ambient temperature. 11. A method for starting up a sintering furnace () , in which method the sintering furnace is heated in order to create suitable production temperatures in the different process zones (I-VII) having different temperatures , said zones including a drying zone (I) , a heating zone (II) , a sintering zone (III) , an equalizing zone (IV) , a first cooling zone (V) , a second cooling zone (VI) and a third cooling zone (VII) , characterized in that during start-up , the cooling gas to be conducted to the second cooling zone (VI) is heated up to a temperature that is higher than the ambient temperature.2. A method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the cooling gas to be conducted to the second cooling zone (VI) is during start-up heated up to a temperature of roughly 90° C.3. A method according to claim 1 , characterized in thatthe temperatures of the first cooling zone (V) and the second cooling zone (VI) are measured,on the basis of the measured temperatures, the temperature difference between the first and second cooling zones is calculated,on the basis of the obtained temperature difference, the power of heating the cooling gas to be fed in the second cooling zone (VI) is adjusted.4. A method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the temperature of the second cooling zone (VI) is measured claim 1 , the obtained ...

METHOD FOR THE CONTINUOUS SINTERING OF MINERAL MATERIAL AND SINTERING EQUIPMENT

The invention relates to a method and equipment for the continuous sintering of mineral material in a sintering furnace (S). In the method, a material bed () is formed on a conveyor base (), the material bed () is conveyed by the conveyor base () through the process zones (I-VII) of the sintering furnace that have different temperatures, the zones including at least one drying zone (I), at least one cooling zone (VII), and at least one other process zone (II, III, IV, V, VI) between the said drying zone and cooling zone, and gas is conducted through the conveyor base and the material bed (), when the material bed travels through the process zones (I-VII), and gas is circulated in a circulation gas duct () from the last cooling zone (VII) to the drying zone (I). Part of the gas flow that is conducted to the drying zone (I) in the circulation gas duct () is removed as an exhaust gas flow (B) by the exhaust gas blower () of an exhaust gas duct (). The volume flow of the exhaust gas flow (B) is regulated by regulating the blowing power of the blower () to control the temperature of the gas flow travelling through the material bed in the drying zone. 1. A method for the continuous sintering of mineral material in a sintering furnace (S) , comprising{'b': 2', '1, 'forming a material bed () on a conveyor base ();'}{'b': 2', '1, 'conveying the material bed () by the conveyor base () through the process zones (I-VII) of the sintering furnace that have different temperatures, the zones including at least one drying zone (I), at least one cooling zone (VII), and at least one other process zone (II, III, IV, V, VI) between the said drying zone and cooling zone; and'}{'b': '2', 'conducting gas through the conveyor base and the material bed () when the material bed travels through the process zones (I-VII);'}{'b': '3', 'circulating gas in a circulation gas duct () from the last cooling zone (VII) to the drying zone (I), characterized in that'}{'b': 3', '4, 'part of the gas flow ...

Quenching Chamber with an Integral Access Door

A quenching apparatus is disclosed which has a generally cylindrical base and upper housing. A removable cover is affixed to the top of the upper housing. The quenching apparatus includes means for supporting the removable cover above the upper housing such that a passageway is defined between the upper housing and the removable cover. A generally cylindrical door is dimensioned and positioned within the quenching apparatus to be coaxial within the upper housing and the base. An actuator is coupled to the cylindrical door for moving the door between an open position and a closed position. In this manner, the door is adapted for closing the opening between the base and the upper housing and thereby provides a closed quenching chamber. Redundant retractable seals are provided in the base and the upper housing to seal the door to the upper housing and the base when the door is closed. 1. A quenching apparatus for the cooling of a heat treated workload comprising:a generally cylindrical vessel that includes a base and an upper housing,means for supporting a workload of heat treated parts within said vessel;a removable cover having a generally cylindrical portion that is open at a lower end thereof and a domed portion affixed to the upper housing of the cylindrical vessel whereby said removable cover provides a cup-shaped recess;means for supporting said removable cover above said upper housing in spaced vertical coaxial relation such that an passageway is defined between said cylindrical vessel and said removable cover;a generally cylindrical door dimensioned and arranged to be coaxial within said cylindrical vessel; andan actuator coupled to said cylindrical door for moving said door between an open position inside said removable cover and a closed position wherein said door extends between said upper housing and said base for closing the opening to thereby provide a quenching chamber.2. A quenching apparatus as claimed in comprising:a first retractable seal affixed ...

CLINKER KILN WITH SLIDER FOR TERTIARY AIR DUCT

A slider unit for a tertiary air duct between a clinker cooler and a calciner of a clinker kiln line. The slider unit has at least one shutoff device, which is insertable into a tertiary air duct to seal it without further reducing the cross section of the tertiary air duct, and provides reliable sealing of the tertiary air duct and control of the tertiary air flow, if the slider unit has at least one control device which is insertable into a section of the tertiary air duct to reduce its cross section. 1. A slider unit for a tertiary air duct having a cross section between a clinker cooler and a calciner or a clinker kiln line , the slider unit havingat least one shutoff device configured to be insertable into the tertiary air duct to shut said tertiary air duct off such that a cross section of the tertiary air duct is not further reduced, andat least one control device configured to be insertable into said tertiary air duct to reduce the cross section of the tertiary air duct.2. The slider unit of claim 1 , whereinthe shutoff device has a side facing the clinker cooler and wherein the at least one control device is arranged on said side facing the clinker cooler.3. The slider unit of claim 2 , whereinthe at least one control device is supported by the shutoff device on a side facing the calciner.4. The slider unit of claim 1 , whereinthe at least one shutoff device has at least two shutoff segments, the at least two shutoff segments being guided in parallel to each other.5. The slider unit of claim 4 , whereinat least a first of the at least two shutoff segments is movable in a guide of at least another of the at least two shutoff segments.6. The slider unit of claim 4 , whereinat least one of the at least two shutoff segments has at least one catch element for at least one other of the at least two shutoff segments of the shutoff device.7. The slider unit of claim 1 , whereinthe control device has at least one carrier with heat resistant cladding.8. The slider ...

APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR GAS TIGHT SECONDARY COPPER STAVE SUPPORT

A secondary stave support for a furnace stave with a water pipe having a first portion of the water pipe external to the furnace stave and a second portion of the water pipe also external to a furnace shell wall comprising: a protection pipe having first and second ends, wherein the protection pipe is coaxially disposed about the water pipe with the first end nearest the stave; and a first gas-tight seal, disposed between the first end of the protection pipe and a third portion of the water pipe, prevents gas flow from within the furnace shell wall into an annular space between the protection pipe and the water pipe. 1. A secondary stave support for a furnace stave with a water pipe having a first portion of the water pipe external to the furnace stave and a second portion of the water pipe also external to a furnace shell wall comprising:a protection pipe having first and second ends, wherein the protection pipe is coaxially disposed about the water pipe with the first end nearest the stave; anda first gas-tight seal, disposed between the first end of the protection pipe and a third portion of the water pipe, preventing gas flow from within the furnace shell wall into an annular space between the protection pipe and the water pipe.2. The secondary stave support of wherein the second portion of the water pipe external to the furnace shell wall is not connected directly claim 1 , or indirectly by any means or structure claim 1 , to the protection pipe.3. The secondary stave support of wherein neither the first or second portions of the water pipe are connected directly claim 1 , or indirectly by any means or structure claim 1 , to the protection pipe.4. The secondary stave support of wherein the annular space between the protection pipe and the water pipe is empty space and the second end of the protection pipe is open.5. The secondary stave support of wherein the first end of the protection pipe is flared outwards and cast within the stave along with the third ...

PANEL COOLED WITH A FLUID FOR METALLURGIC FURNACES, A COOLING SYSTEM FOR METALLURGIC FURNACES COMPRISING SUCH A PANEL AND METALLURGIC FURNACE INCORPORATING THEM

A panel cooled with a fluid, for metallurgic furnaces, includes a first chamber having a face which, in assembly conditions, is configured to face an interior of a metallurgic furnace and an opposite face in thermal contact with a face of a second chamber whose opposed face is configured to face, in assembly conditions, an external part of the metallurgic furnace. The first and second chambers are mutually independent. The first and second chambers each include an inlet and outlet of a cooling fluid. The panel has a first working configuration in which the first chamber is passed by a first cooling fluid and the second chamber is passed by a second cooling fluid different from the first cooling fluid, and a second working configuration in which the first chamber is passed by the second cooling fluid and the second chamber is passed by the first cooling fluid. 118-. (canceled)19: A panel cooled with a fluid , for metallurgic furnaces , comprising:a first chamber including a face which, in assembly conditions, is configured to face an interior of a metallurgic furnace and an opposite face in thermal contact with a face of a second chamber whose opposed face is configured to face, in the assembly conditions, the external part of the metallurgic furnace;wherein the first chamber and the second chamber are mutually independent;wherein the first chamber comprises an inlet and an outlet of a cooling fluid and the second chamber comprises an inlet and an outlet of a cooling fluid;wherein the panel has a first working configuration in which the first chamber is passed by a first cooling fluid and the second chamber is passed by a second cooling fluid different from the first cooling fluid, and a second working configuration in which the first chamber is passed by the second cooling fluid and the second chamber is passed by the first cooling fluid.20: The panel according to claim 19 , wherein the first chamber and the second chamber each comprise a respective serpentine duct ...

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR HEAT-TREATING A PLURALITY OF MULTI-LAYER BODIES

A device for continuous heat-treating of at least two multilayer bodies on at least two process levels disposed one beneath another in at least one heating chamber and at least one cooling chamber, which are arranged one after another is described. The heating chamber of the device has a first process level and a second process level. The cooling chamber of the device has a cooling device, the first process level and the second process level. 1. A device for heat-treating at least two multilayer bodies on at least two process levels disposed one beneath another in at least one heating chamber and at least one cooling chamber , which are disposed one behind another relative to a transport direction , wherein a first process level with a first process box for at least one first multilayer body, which is situated between a first radiator field and a second radiator field with radiant heaters for heating the at least one first multilayer body,', i) the first radiator field and the second radiator field are implemented such that the first process level can be irradiated by the first radiator field with a different radiation intensity than by the second radiator field,', 'ii) the second radiator field and the third radiator field are implemented such that the second process level can be irradiated by the second radiator field with a different radiation intensity than by the third radiator field, or', 'iii) the first radiator field and the second radiator field are implemented such that the first process level can be irradiated by the first radiator field with a different radiation intensity than by the second radiator field and the second radiator field and the third radiator field are implemented such that the second process level can be irradiated by the second radiator field with a different radiation intensity than by the third radiator field, and wherein, 'a second process level with a second process box for at least one second multilayer body, which is situated ...

SYSTEM FOR CALCINING ACTIVE LIME WITH A PRECALCINING FURNACE AND METHOD USING THE SAME

The invention provides a system for calcining active lime, including a precalcining furnace for receiving limestone materials to be calcined and precalcining the limestone materials, and a rotary kiln for receiving the materials containing precalcined product from the precalcining furnace, outputting the formed active lime, and at the same time supplying a first flue gas to the precalcining furnace. The calcining system further includes a precalcining furnace combustion device, which generates a second flue gas and supplies it to the precalcining furnace, such that the limestone materials are precalcined in the precalcining furnace under the action of the first flue gas and the second flue gas. In this way, the precalcining rate of the limestone materials in the precalcining furnace is significantly improved. Since the heat exchange in the precalcining furnace is mainly in the form of convective heat exchange having a high heat efficiency, the heat exchange efficiency of the whole system is improved, and thus the heat consumption of the system is reduced. 1. A system for calcining active lime , includinga precalcining furnace for receiving limestone materials to be calcined and precalcining the limestone materials,a rotary kiln for receiving the materials containing precalcined product from the precalcining furnace, outputting the formed active lime, and at the same time supplying a first flue gas to the precalcining furnace,characterized in that the calcining system further includes a precalcining furnace combustion device, which generates a second flue gas and supplies it to the precalcining furnace, such that the limestone materials are precalcined in the precalcining furnace under the action of the first flue gas and the second flue gas.2. The calcining system according to claim 1 , characterized in that the temperature of the second flue gas is higher than that of the first flue gas.3. The calcining system according to claim 2 , characterized in that the second ...

Directional Solidification Furnace Having Movable Heat Exchangers

A directional solidification furnace is disclosed that includes one or more movable cooling plates disposed beneath a crucible. In a first position, the cooling plates are free from contact with a crucible support positioned adjacent the crucible. In a second position, the cooling plates are in contact with the crucible support. A control system is used to control the amount of force exerted by the cooling plates against the crucible. 1. A directional solidification furnace for producing a multi-crystalline silicon ingot , the furnace comprising:a crucible for containing a silicon charge;a crucible support disposed adjacent the crucible for supporting the crucible, the crucible support having a base;a cooling plate positioned beneath the base of the crucible support;a lift system for moving the cooling plate between a first position where the plate is free from contact with the base of the crucible support and a second position where the plate is in contact with the base of the crucible support; anda control system to control the amount of force exerted by the cooling plate on the base of the crucible support.2. The furnace of wherein the lift system comprises a linear actuator.3. The furnace of wherein the lift system comprises a rotary actuator connected to a pinion gear in registry with a rack gear.4. The furnace of wherein the lift system comprises an upper plate spaced apart from a lower plate and at least one spring positioned between the plates claim 1 , the at least one spring having a spring constant indicative of the stiffness of the spring claim 1 , the at least one spring being compressed when the cooling plate is in the second position.5. The furnace of wherein the lift system comprises a limit switch claim 4 , the limit switch operable to determine if the lower plate is spaced less than a set distance from the upper plate.6. The furnace of wherein the limit switch is communicatively coupled to the control system such that the limit switch communicates ...

Directional Solidification Furnace Having Movable Insulation System

A directional solidification furnace is disclosed that includes one or more movable insulating members disposed adjacent sides of the crucible. In a first position, the insulating members restrict the flow of heat away from the sides of the crucible. In a second position, the insulating members do not appreciably restrict the flow of heat away from the sides of the crucible. An actuating system is used to move the insulating members between the first position and the second position.

Directional Solidification Furnace With Laterally Movable Insulation System

A directional solidification furnace is disclosed that includes one or more movable insulating members disposed beneath a bottom portion of the crucible. In a first position, the insulating members restrict the flow of heat away from the bottom portion of the crucible. In a second position, the insulating members do not restrict the flow of heat away from the bottom portion of the crucible. An actuating system is used to move the insulating members between the first position and the second position. 1. A directional solidification furnace for producing a multi-crystalline silicon ingot , the furnace comprising:a crucible for containing a silicon charge;a plurality of insulating members disposed beneath a base of the crucible, the insulating members movable in a lateral direction between a first position where the insulating members restrict the flow of heat away from the base of the crucible and a second position where the insulating members do not restrict the flow of heat away from the base of the crucible; andan actuating system for moving the insulating members in a lateral direction between the first position and the second position.2. The furnace of wherein in the first position the insulating members are positioned beneath the base of the crucible and wherein in the second position the insulating members are not disposed beneath the base of the crucible.3. The furnace of wherein in the second position the insulating members are spaced laterally from the base of the crucible.4. The furnace of wherein the insulating members are movable to an intermediate position between the first position and the second position claim 1 , wherein when in the intermediate position the members restrict the flow of heat away from the base of the crucible to a lesser extent than when in the first position.5. The furnace of wherein the insulating members form a substantially contiguous surface when in the first position to restrict the flow of heat away from the base of the ...

TRANSPORTABLE EQUIPMENT FOR THE THERMAL TREATMENT OF METALS

A portable equipment for the thermal treatment of metal pieces, the equipment comprises a bell () enclosing a receiving cavity () into which can be inserted one or multiple metal pieces to be thermally treated; further comprising heating means to raise the internal temperature of the receiving cavity () to a pre-established value and; further comprising an assembly of thermal exchange () to lower the temperature reached inside the receiving cavity () in such a way as to operate the pre-established thermal treatment on the pieces; the assembly of thermal exchange () being arranged externally to the bell () to allow a reduction of the overall dimensions of the device. 1. A transportable equipment for the thermal treatment of metals comprising:{'b': 10', '20, 'A bell () provided with a receiving cavity () inside which one or multiple metal pieces to be thermally treated can be inserted;'}{'b': '20', 'heating means to raise the internal temperature of the receiving cavity () to a pre-established value and;'}{'b': 100', '200', '300', '20', '100', '200', '300', '10, 'an assembly of thermal exchange (; ; ) to lower the temperature reached inside the receiving cavity () in such a way as to cause the pre-established thermal treatment of the inserted pieces; and wherein said assembly of thermal exchange (; ; ) is arranged externally to said bell () in such a way as to allow a reduction of the overall dimensions of said bell.'}2100200300306023026026033036036020201020. A transportable equipment claim 1 , according to claim 1 , wherein the assembly of thermal exchange (; ; ) forms a closed circulation path for a cooling fluid claim 1 , said closed circulation path comprising an integrated thermal exchanger ( claim 1 , ; claim 1 , ′ claim 1 , ″; claim 1 , ′ claim 1 , ″) inside which the cooling fluid circulates in such a way that when said cooling fluid is injected inside the cavity () claim 1 , the cooling fluid circulates from the receiving cavity () to the thermal exchanger to ...

STAVE COOLER FOR A METALLURGICAL FURNACE

A stave cooler for a metallurgical furnace, in particular for a blast furnace, including a panel-like body having a front face for facing the interior of the metallurgical furnace and an opposite rear face; and at least one internal coolant passage arranged within the panel-like body, where the at least one shaft, protrudes from the front face of the panel-like body. 1. A stave cooler for a metallurgical furnace , in particular for a blast furnace , comprising:a panel-like body having a front face for facing the interior of said metallurgical furnace and an opposite rear face; andat least one internal coolant passage arranged within said panel-like body characterized byat least one shaft of essentially circular cross-section protruding from said front face of said panel-like body.2. The stave cooler according to claim 1 , wherein said front face comprises alternating retaining ribs and retaining grooves for retaining refractory material.3. The stave cooler according to or claim 1 , wherein said panel-like body is made from a material chosen in the group comprising copper claim 1 , copper alloy claim 1 , steel and steel alloy.4. The stave cooler according to any of the previous claims claim 1 , wherein said panel-like body is provided with at least one through hole claim 1 , said at least one through hole being arranged for receiving said at least one shaft therethrough.5. The stave cooler according to claim 4 , wherein said at least one through hole is conical claim 4 , narrowing in direction of said front face.6. The stave cooler according to or claim 4 , wherein said at least one shaft comprises:a front portion for protruding from said front face of said panel-like body into the interior of said metallurgical furnace; anda connection portion for being arranged in said at least one through hole in said panel-like body.7. The stave cooler according to claim 6 , wherein said connection portion has a shape essentially corresponding to the shape of said at least one ...

METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THERMAL BALANCE OF A SUSPENSION SMELTING FURNACE AND SUSPENSION SMELTING FURNACE

The invention relates to a method for controlling the thermal balance of a suspension smelting and to a suspension smelting furnace. The suspension smelting furnace, comprising a reaction shaft (), a lower furnace (), and an uptake (), wherein the reaction shaft () having a shaft structure () that is provided with a surrounding wall structure () and a roof structure () and that limits a reaction chamber (), and wherein the reaction shaft () is provided with a concentrate burner () for feeding pulverous solid matter and reaction gas into the reaction chamber (). The shaft structure () of the reaction shaft () is provided with cooling means () for feeding endothermic material into the reaction chamber () of the reaction shaft (). 144-. (canceled)45. Method for controlling the thermal balance of a suspension smelting comprising a reaction shaft , a lower furnace , and an uptake , wherein the reaction shaft having a shaft structure that is provided with a surrounding wall structure and a roof structure at the upper end of the surrounding wall structure and that limits a reaction chamber within the shaft structure , said reaction chamber having a lower end in communication with the lower furnace , and wherein the reaction shaft is provided with a concentrate burner for feeding pulverous solid matter and reaction gas into the reaction chamber , comprising:providing the shaft structure of the reaction shaft with at least one cooling means for feeding endothermic material into the reaction chamber of the reaction shaft,feeding endothermic material into the reaction chamber of the reaction shaft with at least one cooling means, andproviding at least one cooling means at a level of at least 0.3h measured from the lower end of the reaction chamber, where h is the height of the reaction chamber.46. The method according to claim 45 , comprising providing at least one cooling means in the shaft structure at a distance from and separately from the concentrate burner.47. The method ...

PRESSING ARRANGEMENT

The present invention relates to an arrangement for treatment of articles by hot pressing. The pressing arrangement for treatment of articles by hot pressing comprises a pressure vessel including: a furnace chamber comprising a heat insulated casing and a furnace adapted to hold the articles. A heat exchanger unit is arranged below said furnace chamber and adapted to exchange thermal energy with pressure medium when the pressure medium is passing through said heat exchanger unit. According to the present invention, at least one first and second inlet or aperture, respectively, for passage of alternating warm and cold pressure medium are arranged in the heat insulated casing in proximity to the heat exchanger unit (i.e. at approximately same the height as, above or below the heat exchanger unit). The at least one second inlet (or lower inlet) is below the at least one first inlet (or upper inlet) but at same height as or below the heat exchanger unit. 112-. (canceled)13. A pressing arrangement for treatment of articles by hot pressing , comprising: a furnace chamber comprising a heat insulated casing and a furnace adapted to hold the articles,', 'a heat exchanger unit arranged below said furnace chamber and adapted to exchange thermal energy with a pressure medium when the pressure medium is passing through said heat exchanger unit,', 'a guiding passage formed between a housing part and a heat insulating portion for guiding pressure medium,', 'at least one first inlet arranged in said heat insulated casing at a lower part of said heat insulated casing provided in said guiding passage for passage of pressure medium into said guiding passage,', 'at least one second inlet arranged in said heat insulated casing at said lower part of said heat insulated casing provided in said guiding passage for passage of pressure medium into said guiding passage,', 'said at least second inlet being located below said heat exchanger unit in a vertical direction and in a flow direction ...

METHOD OF GENERATING CRACKS IN POLYCRYSTALLINE SILICON ROD AND CRACK GENERATING APPARATUS

A method of generating cracks in a polycrystalline silicon rod, comprising: heating a polycrystalline silicon rod; and subsequently performing local portion cooling of the polycrystalline silicon rod to apply a refrigerant fluid onto a spot-like area of a surface of the polycrystalline silicon rod. 17-. (canceled)8. An apparatus of generating cracks in a polycrystalline silicon rod by heating the polycrystalline silicon rod and subsequently quenching the polycrystalline silicon rod , comprising:a heating unit to heat a polycrystalline silicon rod; anda local portion cooling unit by which a refrigerant fluid is applied onto at least one spot-like area of a surface of the polycrystalline silicon rod.9. The apparatus of generating cracks in a polycrystalline silicon rod according to claim 8 , whereinthe local portion cooling unit includes nozzles which are arranged on both sides of the polycrystalline silicon rod, whereina plurality of nozzles are arranged with spaces between adjacent nozzles on each side of the polycrystalline silicon rod along a lengthwise direction of the rod such that a substantially middle position of each space between adjacent nozzles on a first side faces a nozzle on a second side.10. The apparatus of generating cracks in a polycrystalline silicon rod according to claim 8 , further comprisingan entire portion cooling unit that makes a refrigerant substance contact an entire surface of the polycrystalline silicon rod.11. The apparatus of generating cracks in a polycrystalline silicon rod according to claim 10 , whereinthe refrigerant substance is a refrigerant fluid. 1. Field of the InventionThe present invention relates to a method of generating cracks in a polycrystalline silicon rod so as to crush the polycrystalline silicon rod into lumps.Priority is claimed on Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-175441, filed on Jul. 28, 2009, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference.2. Description of Related ArtCzochralski method (CZ ...

Ladle metallurgy furnace having improved roof

The present invention relates generally to a ladle metallurgy furnace having an improved roof structure. The improved roof may comprise an internal surface structure having a substantially smooth exterior surface, an external surface structure spaced apart from the internal surface structure, a plurality of channels that are defined intermediate the internal and external surface structures, a supply port in fluid communication with at least one channel through the second surface structure and in further fluid communication with a supply line, and a return port in fluid communication with at least one channel through the external surface structure and in further fluid communication with a return line.

Opening and closing device of autoclave, and autoclave

The present invention relates to an opening and closing device of an autoclave and the autoclave, wherein: supplying and discharging of a product to a chamber having a sealed structure can be performed automatically, and the occurrence of accidents caused by back pressure is structurally prevented; and a product bonded by pre-load is heated and transferred whereby energy loss is minimized and the product is cooled off uniformly, thereby improving the quality of the product. According to the present invention, an opening and closing device of an autoclave comprises: a front opening and closing unit ( 20 ) which is mounted on an outer side of a front part of a square container-shaped chamber ( 10 ) having a chamber inlet port ( 14 ) through which a product is inserted; a rear opening and closing unit ( 40 ) which is mounted on an outer side of a chamber outlet port ( 15 ) formed on the rear side part of said chamber ( 10 ) such that said product is discharged; and an opening and closing means which respectively opens and closes, by internal pressure of said chamber ( 10 ), a product inlet port ( 22 ) and a product outlet port ( 42 ) that are respectively formed in said front opening and closing unit ( 20 ) and said rear opening and closing unit ( 40 ).

ACTIVE COOLING REGULATION OF INDUCTION MELT PROCESS

Various embodiments provide methods and apparatus for active cooling regulation of a melting process. In one embodiment, a meltable material can be melted in a vessel that includes cooling channel(s) configured therein. A contact temperature Tof the vessel at an interface with the melt can be measured and compared with a skull forming temperature Tand a wetting temperature Tof the melt on the vessel. A cooling rate can be regulated to regulate Tto be T Подробнее

MULTISTAGE FURNACE

The invention provides a compact multistage furnace of which the installation area in a factory is decreased. A multistage furnace is configured by piling up a plurality of furnace units in the vertical direction. Each of the furnace units includes an upper heater and a lower heater layered in the vertical direction and holding a heat insulator therebetween, a support pipe disposed on one end of the upper heater and extending in the horizontal direction, a support pipe disposed on other end of the upper heater and extending in the horizontal direction, and a plurality of work support bars mounted over the support pipes. The back surface of a work supported by the work support bars is opposed to the upper heater and the front surface of the work is opposed to the lower heater of the adjacent furnace unit disposed above. 1. A multistage furnace comprising a plurality of furnace units piled up in a vertical direction ,the furnace units each comprising:an upper heater and a lower heater that have a shape of a plate and are layered in the vertical direction, the plate having a first edge and a second edge opposite from the first edge;a first support pipe disposed on and extending along the first edge;a second support pipe disposed on and extending along the second edge; anda plurality of work support bars disposed over the first and second support pipes and configured to support a work,wherein the upper heater of one of the furnace units is configured to heat a back surface of the work supported by the work support bars, and the lower heater of a furnace unit that is placed on the one of the furnace units is configured to heat a front surface of the work supported by the work support bars.2. The multistage furnace of claim 1 , further comprising a heat insulator disposed between the upper heater and the lower heater.3. The multistage furnace of claim 1 , the furnace units each further comprising a plurality of first support stands mounted on the first support pipe at a ...

MULTISTAGE FURNACE SYSTEM

The invention provides a multistage heating system including a compact multistage furnace of which the installation area in a factory is decreased and a work carrier machine. A multistage furnace is configured by piling up a plurality of furnace units in the vertical direction. Each of the furnace units includes an upper heater and a lower heater, support pipes disposed on the upper heater and extending in the horizontal direction, and a plurality of work support bars mounted over the support pipes. A work carrier machine includes work carrier bars extending in the horizontal direction, a horizontal motion mechanism connecting the ends of the work carrier bars and move the work carrier bars on horizontal rails, and a vertical motion mechanism moving the body of the work carrier machine including the horizontal rails on vertical rails. 1. A multistage heating system comprising:a multistage furnace comprising a plurality of furnace units piled up in a vertical direction, each of the furnace units comprising an upper heater and a lower heater that have a shape of a plate, which has a first edge and a second edge opposite from the first edge, and are layered in the vertical direction, a first support pipe disposed on and extending along the first edge, a second support pipe disposed on and extending along the second edge, and a plurality of work support bars disposed over the first and second support pipes and configured to support a work;a first work carrier machine configured to insert a work into each of the furnace units; anda second work carrier machine configured to discharge a work from each of the furnace units,wherein each of the first and second work carrier machines comprises a plurality of work carrier bars extending in a horizontal direction, a horizontal motion device moving the work carrier bars in the horizontal direction, and a vertical motion device moving the work carrier bars in the vertical direction.2. The multistage heating system of claim 1 , ...

Heat treatment device

A heat treatment device includes: a heat treatment chamber which accommodates an object to be treated; a cooling gas supply unit which supplies a cooling gas into the heat treatment chamber; a cooling gas circulation unit which circulates the cooling gas in the heat treatment chamber; and a gas purge unit which gas-purges, with an inert gas, a portion in which there is a possibility of mixing of the cooling gas supplied into the heat treatment chamber and an oxygen gas, in which the cooling gas supply unit supplies a hydrogen gas into the heat treatment chamber as the cooling gas.

Energy recovery when processing materials with reactive fluids

Disclosed are methods and apparatuses for recovering and reusing energy when processing materials with reactive fluids. More particularly, disclosed are methods and apparatuses for recovering and reusing energy from processes in which materials comprising polymers and/or oligomers are treated with a reactive fluid.

Manifold collar for disstributing fluid through a cold crucible

Disclosed are embodiments of a temperature regulated vessel and a fluid delivery device, and methods of use thereof. The vessel can be used in an injection molding apparatus and include one or more temperature regulating lines configured to flow a fluid or liquid within the body (e.g., to heat a cold device). The fluid delivery device is mounted in the apparatus and has a collar with an opening extending therethrough to sealingly mate with the vessel. A delivery channel is provided within the collar for directing an input flow of fluid into the vessel. An exit channel can also be provided within the collar for directing an output flow of the fluid from the vessel.

COOLING METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COOLING A WIRE AND CORRESPONDING WIRE-PROCESSING INSTALLATION

Cooling device () for cooling a wire (), comprising a first chamber () and a second cooling chamber () through which the wire () passes. The device also comprises cooling liquid driving means () for driving the cooling liquid from the first chamber () to the second chamber () through at least one coding liquid inlet (). Through the driving means () and the cooling liquid inlet (), a jet of coding liquid is projected on the wire path at a mean speed of at least 0.6 m/s, and at a distance between 6 and 13 times the diameter of the wire (). Cooling is performed in an inert gas atmosphere inside the second chamber (). The invention also relates to a corresponding installation and a corresponding wire cooling method. 1. A cooling method for cooling a wire running along a wire path in a cooling device for cooling a wire , comprising:a first containing chamber for containing a cooling liquid, further comprising:a second cooling chamber comprising a wire inlet and a wire outlet arranged with respect to one another such that they define a wire path and at least one cooling liquid inlet and one cooling liquid outlet,cooling liquid driving means fluidically connecting said first and second chambers for driving said cooling liquid from said first chamber to said second chamber through said at least one cooling liquid inlet,said cooling liquid outlet furthermore extending into said first chamber, such that when said cooling device is in operation, the distal end of said cooling liquid outlet is submerged in the cooling liquid held in said first chamber,said driving means and the cross-section of said at least one cooling liquid inlet being dimensioned to project a jet of cooling liquid on said wire path, whereinthe device further comprises means for introducing inert gas, functionally associated with said second chamber to create an inert gas atmosphere inside said second chamber during the cooling of said wire, andthe method further comprises:a cooling liquid projection step, ...

Cooling plate for metallurgical furnace

A cooling plate for a metallurgical furnace including a body with a front face and an opposite rear face, the body having at least one cooling channel therein having an opening in the rear face and a coolant feed pipe connected to the rear face of the cooling panel and is in fluid communication with the cooling channel where in use, the front face is turned towards a furnace interior, and at least one emergency cooling tube is arranged within the cooling channel, the emergency cooling tube having a cross-section smaller than a cross-section of the cooling channel, the emergency cooling tube has an end section with connection means for connecting an emergency feed pipe thereto, and in an emergency operation, the emergency cooling tube is physically connected to an emergency feed pipe via the connection means; while, in a normal operation, the connection means of the emergency cooling tube is physically disconnected from the emergency feed pipe. The invention also concerns the use of such a cooling plate.

PROCESS AND METHOD FOR HOT CHANGING a VIM INDUCTION FURNACE

An apparatus, method and process directed to enabling a VIM induction furnace to be removed from a vacuum chamber while the induction furnace is still in a heated state without damaging the induction furnace. The induction furnace can include a power port that can be easily switched to an auxiliary cooling source to enable the induction furnace to be removed from the vacuum chamber while the induction furnace is still in a heated state. 1. A method for removing an induction furnace from a vacuum chamber prior to fully cooling said induction furnace comprising the steps ofa) providing said first induction furnace that is positioned in a vacuum chamber, said first induction furnace at a temperature that requires cooling fluid to flow through said first induction furnace to prevent damage to said first induction furnace;b) disconnecting said first induction furnace from a power source that is positioned external to said vacuum chamber;c) disconnecting a cooling fluid source to said first induction furnace;d) connecting an auxiliary cooling fluid source to said first induction furnace; and,e) removing said first induction furnace from said vacuum chamber while said auxiliary cooling fluid source is supplying cooling fluid to said first induction furnace, said first induction furnace at said time said first induction furnace is required from said vacuum chamber being at temperature that requires cooling fluid to flow through said first induction furnace to prevent damage to said first induction furnace.2. The method as defined in claim 1 , including the step of inserting a second induction furnace into said vacuum chamber after said first induction furnace is removed from said vacuum chamber.3. The method as defined in claim 1 , wherein said vacuum chamber includes a removable power port claim 1 , said power port including a JIC power connector that is removably connected to a power lead of said power source that is positioned external to said vacuum chamber.4. The ...

Production and Distribution of Dilute Species in Semiconducting Materials

Technologies are described effective to implement systems and methods of producing a material. The methods comprise receiving a tertiary semiconductor sample with a dilute species. The sample has two ends. The first end of the sample includes a first concentration of the dilute species lower than a second concentration of the dilute species in the second end of the sample. The method further comprises heating the sample in a chamber. The chamber has a first zone and a second zone. The first zone having a first temperature higher than a second temperature in the second zone. The sample is orientated such that the first end is in the first zone and the second end is in the second zone. 1. A method of producing a material , the method comprising:receiving a tertiary semiconductor (tSC) sample with a dilute species, wherein the tSC sample has two ends, a first end of the tSC sample includes a first concentration of the dilute species lower than a second concentration of the dilute species in a second end of the tSC sample; andheating the tSC sample in a chamber, wherein the chamber has a first zone and a second zone, the first zone having a first temperature higher than a second temperature in the second zone, and the tSC sample is orientated such that the first end is in the first zone and the second end is in the second zone.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein:the tertiary semiconductor sample includes Cd, Zn, and a group VI element; andZn is the dilute species.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the group VI element is Te or Se.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein a difference in temperature between the first zone and the second zone creates a temperature gradient along the tSC sample and a difference in temperature between the first zone and the second zone is about 50° C.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the temperature gradient is about 10° C./cm at an average temperature of about 750° C.; andthe method further comprises heating the tSC sample for about 140 hours.6. ...

Local Heat Treatment and Thermal Management System for Engine Components

A method of thermal management includes positioning a first workpiece and a second workpiece in at least one tool having internal cavities, passing a fluid into at least one of the internal cavities to cool portions of the first and second workpieces, welding the first workpiece and the second workpiece in the at least one tool by resistance heating to form a joined workpiece, controlling a rate of cooling of the joined workpiece to slow a rate of cooling through at least one of a resistive heat element or welding electrode of the at least one tool. A localized thermal management tool includes a mounting block, a first heater block having a first workpiece engagement surface, a second heater block having a second workpiece engagement surface, a resistive heater mounted within at least one of the first heater block and the second heater block, a first cooling clamp engaging the mounting block and the first heater block, a second cooling clamp engaging the mounting block and the second heater block, a cooling fluid conduit disposed in at least one of the first and second cooling clamps, an insulator between each of the heater blocks and the cooling clamps. 1. A method of thermal management for engine components comprising:positioning an engine component in at least one tool;positioning a first tool section on said engine component;positioning a second tool section on said engine component;heating a localized area of said engine component with at least one heater block;passing a cooling fluid to cooling portions of said first and second tool sections away from said area of said workpiece being heat treated;limiting heat dissipation through said workpiece with said cooling fluid;managing cooling time of said heat treatment of said workpiece.2. The method of claim 1 , said limiting occurring by passing fluid through said tool.3. The method of claim 2 , said fluid being one of a liquid or an inert gas.4. The method of claim 1 , said limiting heat further comprising ...

Hot isostatic pressing device

Provided is a hot isostatic pressing (HIP) device ( 1 ) that can efficiently cool a hot zone during HIP processing while restraining temperatures in the lower part of a high-pressure container. This HIP device ( 1 ) is provided with the following: gas-impermeable casings ( 3, 4 ) that surround an object to be processed (W); a heating unit ( 7 ) that is disposed inside these casings and forms a hot zone around the object to be processed (W); a high-pressure container ( 2 ); and a cooling unit that guides a pressure-medium gas cooled on the outside of the casings into the hot zone to cool the hot zone. The cooling unit comprises the following: a gas introduction unit that introduces the pressure-medium gas that has been cooled on the outside of the casings ( 3, 4 ) into the hot zone; and a cooling promotion unit ( 37 ) that cools the pressure medium gas by causing the pressure-medium gas that has been cooled on the outside of the casings to exchange heat with a base ( 11 ) of the high-pressure container ( 2 ).

DYNAMIC COOLING OF A METALLURGICAL FURNACE

One embodiment is a cooling system for regulating temperature of a surface of a metallurgical furnace. The cooling system includes a plurality of spray conduits. Each spray conduit has one or more control valves and has a plurality of nozzles. A plurality of temperature sensors are disposed proximate the surface of the metallurgical furnace. A control system adjusts the control valves of the plurality of spray conduits in response to temperature information derived from the plurality of temperature sensors. 1. A cooling system for regulating temperature of a surface of a metallurgical furnace , the cooling system comprising:a plurality of spray conduits, each spray conduit having one or more control valves and having a plurality of nozzles;a plurality of temperature sensors disposed proximate the surface of the metallurgical furnace; anda control system configured to independently adjust the control valves of the plurality of spray conduits in response to information obtained from the plurality of temperature sensors.2. The cooling system of claim 1 , wherein the surface of the metallurgical furnace comprises a sidewall having an interior surface facing an interior of the metallurgical furnace.3. The cooling system of claim 1 , wherein the surface of the metallurgical furnace comprises a roof disposed over an interior portion of the metallurgical furnace.4. The cooling system of claim 1 , wherein the surface of the metallurgical furnace comprises a ductwork fluidly coupled to an interior portion of the metallurgical furnace.5. The cooling system of claim 1 , wherein the control system is configured to preferentially increase an amount of coolant provided to a hot portion of the surface relative to an amount of coolant provided to a cooler portion of the surface.6. The cooling system of claim 1 , wherein the control system is configured to preferentially decrease an amount of coolant provided to a cold portion of the surface relative to an amount of coolant provided ...

METALLURGICAL FURNACE

The invention relates to a metallurgic furnace, in particular a metallurgic furnace for receiving a molten metal.

Mixing cold hearth metallurgical system and process for producing metals and metal alloys

A metallurgical system for producing metals and metal alloys includes a fluid cooled mixing cold hearth having a melting cavity configured to hold a raw material for melting into a molten metal, and a mechanical drive configured to mount and move the mixing cold hearth for mixing the raw material. The system also includes a heat source configured to heat the raw material in the melting cavity, and a heat removal system configured to provide adjustable insulation for the molten metal. The mixing cold hearth can be configured as a removal element of an assembly of interchangeable mixing cold hearths, with each mixing cold hearth of the assembly configured for melting a specific category of raw materials. A process includes the steps of providing the mixing cold hearth, feeding the raw material into the melting cavity, heating the raw material, and moving the mixing cold hearth during the heating step.

STAND ALONE COPPER BURNER PANEL FOR A METALLURGICAL FURNACE

One or more embodiments of a burner panel for a metallurgical furnace is described herein. The burner panel has a body having a top surface, a bottom surface, a left surface, a right surface, and a front surface surrounding an interior burner area. A spray-cool system disposed in the interior area. A burner tube at least partially disposed in the interior burner area and extends into the front surface. The burner tube is configured to accept a burner. 1. A burner panel comprising: 'a top surface, a bottom surface, a left surface, a right surface, and a front surface surrounding an interior burner area;', 'a body comprisinga spray-cool system disposed in the interior area; anda burner tube at least partially disposed in the interior burner area and providing an opening from the back surface to the front surface, wherein the burner tube is configured to accept a burner.2. The burner panel of further comprising:two or more first flanges extending inward from the top surface, the bottom surface, the left surface, or the right surface; anda dust cover coupled to the first flanges, wherein the spray-cool system is disposed between the dust cover and the front surface.3. The burner panel of claim 2 , wherein the burner tube further comprises:a second flange extending outward from the burner tube, the dust cover coupled to the second flange.4. The burner panel of claim 1 , wherein the spray-cool system comprises:a header configured to be coupled to a coolant water source disposed outside the burner panel; andone or more nozzles configured to spray-coolant in the interior burner area.5. The burner panel of claim 4 , further comprising:a gutter disposed in the interior burner area, the gutter configured to collect coolant sprayed from the nozzles; anda drain connected to the gutter, the drain configured to remove coolant from the interior burner area.6. The burner panel of claim 5 , wherein the bottom surface has an angle to direct coolant to the drain.7. A metallurgical ...

Method and Apparatus for Achieving Higher Cooling Rates of a Gas During Bypass Cooling in a Batch Annealing Furnace of Cold Rolling Mills

A method and apparatus to increase the cooling rate of gas used in a batch annealing furnace of cold rolling mills under bypass cooling. The invention makes use of the higher heat transfer capacities of nanocoolants developed by a high-shear mixing of nanoparticles and stabilizers in a basic aqueous medium for cooling heated hydrogen flowing through a heat exchanger during bypass cooling of the batch annealing furnace. The nanofluid is prepared in a nanofluid preparation unit. 124-. (canceled)25. An apparatus for achieving higher cooling rates of a gas during bypass cooling in a batch annealing furnace , comprising:a nanocoolant preparation unit for preparing a nanofluid, and for supplying the nanofluid to a reservoir at a desired flow rate, temperature and pressure, the nanofluid being prepared by mixing industrial grade water with nanoparticles including dispersants using a high speed shear mixture;a heat exchanger receiving the nanofluid from the reservoir at a desired flow-rate, the reservoir being supplied with the nanofluid from the preparation unit, wherein the nanofluid exchanges heat with hydrogen and exits the heat exchanger via an outlet provided in the heat exchanger;a batch annealing furnace having a base for accommodating cold rolled steel coils, a furnace hood for heating the coils, a cooling hood for cooling the coils, a gas inlet, and a gas outlet, wherein cooled hydrogen gas from the heat exchanger enters the furnace via the gas inlet and heated hydrogen exits the furnace via the gas outlet.26. The apparatus as claimed in claim 25 , comprising a pump for supply of the nanofluid from the preparation unit to the reservoir.27. The apparatus as claimed in claim 25 , comprising a pumping unit for delivering the nanofluid from the reservoir to the heat exchanger.28. The apparatus as claimed in claim 25 , wherein the nanocoolant preparation unit adapts a high speed shear mixer for mixing the industrial grade water and the nanoparticles.29. The apparatus ...

Precision Dual Annealing Apparatus

A dual annealing apparatus and use thereof for precision annealing of an article are provided. In one aspect, an annealing apparatus includes: a first heating plate opposite a second heating plate; a first cooling source associated with the first heating plate; and a second cooling source associated with the second heating plate, wherein the first heating plate and the second heating plate are independently controllable, and wherein the first cooling source and the second cooling source are independently controllable. A method for annealing an article using the annealing apparatus is also provided. 1. An annealing apparatus , comprising:a first heating plate opposite a second heating plate;a first cooling source associated with the first heating plate; anda second cooling source associated with the second heating plate,wherein the first heating plate and the second heating plate are independently controllable, and wherein the first cooling source and the second cooling source are independently controllable.2. The annealing apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first heating plate and the second heating plate are each formed of a metal selected from the group consisting of: graphite claim 1 , copper claim 1 , and combinations thereof.3. The annealing apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:a first power source; anda first controller connecting the first heating plate to the first power source.4. The annealing apparatus of claim 3 , further comprising:a second power source; anda second controller connecting the second heating plate to the second power source.5. The annealing apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the first controller and the second controller each comprises a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller.6. The annealing apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:an annealing chamber in between the first heating plate and the second heating plate.7. The annealing apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the annealing chamber comprises a quartz chamber.8. The ...

Cooling device and multi-chamber heat treatment device

A cooling device configured to cool an article to be processed by spraying a coolant includes a cooling chamber configured to accommodate the article to be processed, a header pipe having a connecting pipe protruding from a main body section to which a nozzle is attached and into which the coolant supplied into the main body section is supplied, and disposed in the cooling chamber, and an attachment section formed at the cooling chamber and into which the connecting pipe is inserted from an inside of the cooling chamber to an outside of the cooling chamber.

COOLING EQUIPMENT FOR CONTINUOUS ANNEALING FURNACE

Cooling equipment comprising: a plurality of injection units in a continuous annealing furnace including heating zone, soaking zone, and cooling zone through which strip-shaped steel sheet is sequentially fed, the injection units arranged in cooling zone in row along feed direction of steel sheet and injecting, from injection nozzles, cooling gas containing hydrogen, onto steel sheet; and hydrogen concentration adjustment unit adjusts hydrogen concentration of cooling gas such that hydrogen concentration distribution is formed in which, in a space of the cooling zone where plurality of injection units are disposed, hydrogen concentration at upstream region is higher than hydrogen concentration at downstream region; plurality of injection nozzles arranged along feed direction of steel sheet, and each of injection nozzles extending toward steel sheet; and injection nozzles positioned at both sides in array direction inclined to slope toward a center of the array direction on progression toward tips of injection nozzles. 1. Cooling equipment for a continuous annealing furnace , the cooling equipment comprising:a plurality of injection units disposed in a continuous annealing furnace including a heating zone, a soaking zone, and a cooling zone through which a strip-shaped steel sheet is sequentially fed, the plurality of injection units each being arranged in the cooling zone in a row along a feed direction of the steel sheet and injecting, from a plurality of injection nozzles, a cooling gas to which hydrogen has been added, onto the steel sheet; anda hydrogen concentration adjustment unit that adjusts hydrogen concentration of the cooling gas that is injected from each of the plurality of injection units such that a hydrogen concentration distribution is formed in which, in a space of the cooling zone where the plurality of injection units are disposed, a hydrogen concentration at an upstream region is higher than a hydrogen concentration at a downstream region;each ...

COOLING SYSTEM FOR METALLURGICAL FURNACES AND METHODS OF OPERATION

A metallurgical furnace system having a furnace body at least partially defined by a refractory wall and configured for holding a molten metal therein. The system further including one or more cooling elements, each including a working fluid contained therein and defining a heat absorption section and a heat rejection section. The heat absorption section configured for disposing within the refractory wall to absorb heat from the refractory wall. The heat rejection section configured to reside outside the refractory wall to reject heat absorbed by the heat absorption section. The working fluid generating a vapor flow within the one or more cooling elements in response to absorbed heat. The cooling system further including a coolant flow in contact with an exterior surface of the one or more cooling elements for dissipating heat from the heat rejection section. A cooling system for a metallurgical furnace and method of cooling are also disclosed. 1. A cooling system for a metallurgical furnace comprising:one or more cooling elements each defining a heat absorption section and a heat rejection section, the heat absorption section configured for disposing within a refractory wall of the metallurgical furnace to absorb heat from the refractory wall, the heat rejection section configured to reside outside the refractory wall of the metallurgical furnace to reject heat absorbed by the heat absorption section;a working fluid contained therein the one or more cooling elements, the working fluid upon heating in the heat absorption section, generating a vapor flow within the one or more cooling elements; anda coolant flow in contact with an exterior surface of the one or more cooling elements for dissipating heat from the heat rejection section of the one or more cooling elements.2. The cooling system of claim 1 , wherein the one or more cooling elements is a heat exchanger.3. The cooling system of claim 2 , wherein the one or more cooling elements is a heat pipe.4. The ...

HEARTH

A casting system and method. The casting system can include an energy source and a hearth, which can have a tapered cavity. The tapered cavity can have a first end portion and a second end portion, and the tapered cavity can narrow between the first and second end portions. Further, the tapered cavity can have an inlet at the first end portion that defines an inlet capacity, and one or more outlets at the second end portion that define an outlet capacity. Where the cavity has a single outlet, the outlet capacity can be less than the inlet capacity. Where the cavity has multiple outlets, the combined outlet capacity can match the inlet capacity. Further, the cross-sectional area of the tapered cavity near the inlet can be similar to the cross-sectional area of the inlet. 1. A casting system , comprising: an inlet defining an inlet cross-sectional area;', 'a plurality of outlets, wherein each outlet defines an outlet cross-sectional area; and', 'a cavity between the inlet and the plurality of outlets, wherein the cavity tapers from the inlet toward the plurality of outlets; and, 'a hearth, comprisinga plurality of molds, wherein a mold is aligned with each outlet of the hearth.2. The casting system of claim 1 , wherein the sum of the outlet cross-sectional areas substantially matches the inlet cross-sectional area.3. The casting system of claim 1 , wherein the hearth comprises:a first sidewall; anda second sidewall, wherein the cavity is defined between the first sidewall and the second sidewall, and wherein the first sidewall is not parallel to the second sidewall.4. The casting system of claim 3 , wherein the first sidewall is angularly oriented approximately 1 degree to approximately 10 degrees relative to the second sidewall.5. The casting system of claim 3 , wherein the plurality of outlets comprises a first outlet and a second outlet claim 3 , wherein the first outlet extends through the first sidewall claim 3 , and wherein the second outlet extends through the ...

COOLING APPARATUS AND MULTI-CHAMBER HEAT TREATMENT APPARATUS

A cooling apparatus includes: cooling nozzles which are disposed around an object to be treated accommodated inside a cooling room and spray a cooling medium onto the object to be treated; a header pipe communicating with the cooling nozzles; and a cooling pump which supplies the cooling medium to the header pipe. The cooling nozzles are divided into groups. The header pipe is provided in each of the groups of the cooling nozzles. 1. A cooling apparatus comprising:cooling nozzles which are disposed around an object to be treated accommodated inside a cooling room and spray a cooling medium onto the object to be treated;a header pipe communicating with the cooling nozzles; anda cooling pump which supplies the cooling medium to the header pipe;wherein the cooling nozzles are divided into groups, andwherein the header pipe is provided in each of the groups of the cooling nozzles.2. The cooling apparatus according to claim 1 ,wherein the cooling nozzles are divided into two or more groups in a lateral direction of the object to be treated.3. The cooling apparatus according to claim 1 ,wherein the cooling nozzles are provided in multilevel in an up-and-down direction in a side area of the object to be treated.4. The cooling apparatus according to claim 2 ,wherein the cooling nozzles are provided in multilevel in an up-and-down direction in a side area of the object to be treated.5. The cooling apparatus according to claim 3 ,wherein a cooling nozzle of the uppermost level of the cooling nozzles is disposed in a higher position than the upper end of the object to be treated, and is disposed in an inner area of a cooling nozzle of another level of the cooling nozzles inside the cooling room.6. The cooling apparatus according to claim 4 ,wherein a cooling nozzle of the uppermost level of the cooling nozzles is disposed in a higher position than the upper end of the object to be treated, and is disposed in an inner area of a cooling nozzle of another level of the cooling ...

COOLING UNIT, HEAT INSULATING STRUCTURE, AND SUBSTRATE PROCESSING APPARATUS

There is provided a cooling unit, comprising: an intake pipe provided for each of a plurality of zones and configured to supply a gas for cooling a reaction tube; a control valve provided in the intake pipe and configured to adjust a flow rate of the gas; a buffer part configured to temporarily store the gas supplied from the intake pipe; and openings provided so as to blow the gas stored in the buffer part toward the reaction tube, wherein the flow rate of the gas introduced into the intake pipe is set according to vertical length ratios of the zones such that the flow rate and a flow velocity of the gas injected from the openings toward the reaction tube are adjusted by opening and closing the control valve. 1. A cooling unit , comprising:an intake pipe provided for each of a plurality of zones and configured to supply a gas for cooling a reaction tube;a control valve provided in the intake pipe and configured to adjust a flow rate of the gas;a buffer part configured to temporarily store the gas supplied from the intake pipe; andopenings provided so as to blow the gas stored in the buffer part toward the reaction tube,wherein the flow rate of the gas introduced into the intake pipe is set according to vertical length ratios of the zones such that the flow rate and a flow velocity of the gas injected from the openings toward the reaction tube are adjusted by opening and closing the control valve.2. The cooling unit of claim 1 , wherein a diffusion prevention part configured to prevent reverse diffusion of an atmosphere from an inside of a furnace is provided in the intake pipe.3. The cooling unit of claim 1 , wherein a throttle part configured to suppress a flow rate of a cooling gas injected from the openings is provided in the intake pipe.4. The cooling unit of claim 1 , wherein a flow path cross-sectional area of the intake pipe provided for each zone and a flow path cross-sectional area of the buffer part provided for each zone are set to be larger than a sum ...

Tapping device and method using induction heat for melt

A tapping device and method using induction heat for melt comprises melting furnace made of steel; heating unit disposed in the upper part in the melting furnace and made of graphite material; induction coil wound around the heating unit; insulator disposed adjacent to the bottom surface of the lower part of the melting furnace; supporter disposed outside the insulator; and firebricks disposed on the bottom surface of melting furnace and outside the supporter.

COOLING APPARATUS OF HEATING FURNACE

According to the present invention, in a heating furnace in which a fuel is burned by mixing the fuel supplied through a fuel supply pipe with combustion air supplied through a combustion air supply pipe by a combustion burner, a cooling medium guiding pipe through which cooling air for cooling the fuel supply pipe is guided into the furnace is provided to the outer peripheral side of the fuel supply pipe, and a cooling water supply pipe through which cooling water is supplied via a cooling water adjusting valve is connected to the cooling medium guiding pipe. 1. A heating furnace comprising a combustion burner which mixes a fuel supplied through a fuel supply pipe with a combustion air supplied through a combustion air supply pipe and burns the fuel in the inside of the furnace , whereina cooling medium guiding pipe which guides a cooling air for cooling the fuel supply pipe to the inside of furnace is arranged on an outer peripheral side of the fuel supply pipe, anda cooling water supply pipe for supplying a cooling water via a cooling water adjusting valve is connected to the cooling medium guiding pipe.2. The heating furnace according to claim 1 , whereinwhen the combustion burner mixes the fuel supplied through the fuel supply pipe with the combustion air supplied through the combustion air supply pipe and burns the fuel in the inside of furnace, the fuel supply pipe is cooled with the cooling air guided to the inside of furnace through the cooling medium guiding pipe arranged on the outer peripheral side of the fuel supply pipe, and when the inside of furnace is cooled, the combustion by the combustion burner is stopped while the cooling water adjusting valve is opened to guide the cooling water through the cooling water supply pipe into the cooling medium guiding pipe so that the cooling water is sprayed from the cooling medium guiding pipe to the inside of furnace.3. The heating furnace according to claim 2 , wherein when the cooling water is sprayed from ...

COOLING SYSTEM FOR ROTARY FURNACES

The invention relates to a cooling system () for rotary furnaces (), and also to a method for operating such a cooling system (). The cooling system () comprises for this purpose an arrangement of one or more cooling modules (), which are arranged in the portion () to be cooled of the furnace shell (), at least along the axis of rotation (R) of the furnace shell (), wherein each cooling module () comprises an activatable switching valve () and a fan nozzle () for issuing a pulsed fan-shaped cooling liquid jet () and, when there are a number of cooling modules, the neighbouring cooling modules () are arranged in relation to one another at a distance (A) parallel to the axis of rotation (R) of the furnace shell (). Each cooling module () comprises at least one first heat sensor (), connected to a cooling system control (), for measuring a first local temperature (T) of the furnace shell () ahead of the area of impingement () as seen in the direction of rotation (DR) of the furnace shell (). 111111121121111. A cooling system for rotary furnaces for cooling at least one section of a furnace shell , comprising an arrangement of one or more cooling modules for applying (A) cooling fluid from the outside onto the furnace shell in an impact area of the cooling fluid on the furnace shell , whereby the cooling modules for the section of the furnace shell that is to be cooled are arranged at a distance from the furnace shell , at least along the axis of rotation (R) of the furnace shell , each cooling module having an actuatable on-off valve and a fan nozzle that emits a pulsed fan-shaped cooling fluid jet and , if there are several cooling modules , the adjacent cooling modules are arranged at a distance (A) relative to each other and parallel to the axis of rotation (R) of the furnace shell in such a way that the impact areas contiguously cool the furnace shell along its axis of rotation (R) , at least in the section that is to be cooled , and whereby each cooling module ...

CHAMBER FOR DEGASSING SUBSTRATES

A heater and/or cooler chamber includes a heat storage block or chunk. In the block a multitude of parallel, stacked slit pockets are each dimensioned to accommodate a single plate shaped workpiece. Workpiece handling openings of the slit pockets are freed and respectively covered by a door arrangement. The slit pockets are tailored to snugly surround the plate shaped workpieces therein so as to establish an efficient heat transfer between the heat storage block or chunk and the workpieces to be cooled or heated. 2. The chamber of comprising a heater and/or cooler arrangement provided in or at at least one distinct outer area of said block claim 1 , said interface being an outer surface of said block.3. The chamber of comprising a gas feed line arrangement dispatching in at least some of said slit-pockets or in all of said slit- pockets.4. The chamber of at least some or all of said slit-pockets being substantially gas-tight when the respective workpiece handling opening is covered by said door arrangement or at least some or all of said pockets comprising then a gas outlet.5. The chamber of at least some or all of said slit-pockets being aligned and stacked in said block in a direction perpendicular to said slit-pocket planes.6. The chamber of at least some or all of said at least one workpiece handling openings of said slit-pockets being aligned in said direction along said block.7. The chamber according to wherein at least some or all of neighboring slit-pockets are thermally substantially decoupled.8. The chamber according to wherein said slit-pockets are aligned in one direction perpendicular to said slit-pocket planes and neighboring slit-pockets are separated perpendicularly to said slit-pocket planes by sections of said block having a thickness d considered in direction perpendicular to said slit-pocket planes of{'br': None, '0.5 mm≤d≤10 mm'}and along not less than 30% of the extent surface area of said slit-pockets, considered parallel to said slit-pocket ...

Induction furnace and method for carrying out a heat treatment of a dental replacement part

The invention relates to an induction furnace for carrying out a heat treatment of a dental replacement part, comprising an induction coil, a radiant heater, an insulation layer and a furnace chamber. The induction furnace has a cooling system with a liquid cooling system in order to control an internal temperature of the furnace chamber.

SOLIDIFYING DEVICE

A solidifying device is for solidifying a substrate which includes a middle and two side portions. The thermostability of the middle portion is greater than that of the side portions. The solidifying device includes a housing, a heating member, a temperature control air-floating member and a conveyor. The housing defines a working space. The heating member is in the working space. The substrate has a heat receiving surface facing the heating member. The temperature control air-floating member is in the working space and below the heating member. The conveyor is for transporting the substrate into the working space and between the temperature control air-floating member and the heating member. The heating member is for providing heat to the substrate. The temperature control air-floating member is for supplying air towards the substrate to allow the substrate to float in the working space and form a high-temperature and two low-temperature areas. 1. A solidifying device , configured for solidifying a substrate , the substrate comprising a middle portion and two side portions , the thermostability of the middle portion being greater than the thermostability of the side portions , the solidifying device comprising:a housing, defining a working space;a heating member, disposed in the working space, the substrate having a heat receiving surface facing the heating member;a temperature control air-floating member, disposed in the working space, the heating member being located above the temperature control air-floating member; anda conveyor, configured for carrying and transporting the substrate into the working space to position the substrate between the temperature control air-floating member and the heating member, the heating member being configured for providing heat to the substrate, the temperature control air-floating member being configured for supplying air towards the substrate in order to allow the substrate to float in the working space and form a high- ...

FURNACE SYSTEM WITH ACTIVE COOLING SYSTEM AND METHOD

An active cooling system for a furnace that establishes steep temperature gradients, reduces temperature variations and performs rapid cooling, improving mechanical and electrical properties of heat-treated materials, increases overall throughput and promotes low compositional variation in the growth of crystals. 1. A method of actively cooling a furnace comprising the steps of:acquiring a furnace controller output from a furnace controller, the furnace controller output corresponding to an amount of power provided to a heating element included in a furnace; andgenerating an active cooling control output based, at least in part, on the acquired furnace controller output, the active cooling control output configured to drive an active cooling element coupled to the furnace, the active cooling element configured to adjust a flow rate of a cooling medium in the furnace.2. The method of actively cooling a furnace of claim 1 , whereinthe active cooling control output is related to the furnace controller output by a predetermined transfer characteristic.3. The method of actively cooling a furnace claim 1 , whereinthe furnace controller output is less than a low threshold and the active cooling control output is at or near a maximum, corresponding to a maximum flow rate of the cooling medium configured to cool a zone of the furnace.4. The method of actively cooling a furnace claim 1 , whereinthe furnace controller output is greater than a high threshold and the active cooling control output is at or near a minimum, corresponding to a minimum flow rate of the cooling medium configured to facilitate temperature uniformity with a zone of the furnace.5. The method of actively cooling a furnace claim 1 , whereinthe furnace controller output is below a range of optimal power levels for the furnace and the active cooling control output is at a value configured to allow the cooling medium to dissipate sufficient heat in a zone of the furnace to cause the furnace controller to ...

METAL SHEET WITH TAILORED PROPERTIES

Moving metal strips can be heat treated with any number or combination of dimensionally variable tempers across widths, lengths, or thicknesses of a metal strip. To provide dimensionally variable heat treatment, an apparatus can include one or more heating units suitable to increase the temperature of a metal strip moving proximate the apparatus to a heat treatment temperature. The apparatus can also include one or more cooling units positioned near the heating units to absorb heat and cool the metal strip to minimize the amount of heat transferred from a first region of the metal strip that is to be treated to a second region of the metal strip that is not to be treated. 1. A metal processing system , comprising: a heating unit positionable proximate the metal strip on a first side of a separation plane intersecting the metal strip to raise a strip temperature of a first portion of the metal strip on the first side of the separation plane at or above a heat treatment temperature; and', 'a cooling unit positionable proximate the metal strip on a second side of the separation plane to maintain a second portion of the metal strip on the second side of the separation plane below the heat treatment temperature., 'a dimensionally variable heat treatment apparatus having an opening for accepting a metal article moving in a processing direction, the heat treatment apparatus including2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the separation plane is parallel the metal strip claim 1 , wherein the heating unit extends across a width of the metal strip proximate the first side of the separation plane claim 1 , and wherein the cooling unit extends across the width of the metal strip proximate the second side of the separation plane.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the separation plane is parallel a longitudinal axis of the metal strip and perpendicular a top surface of the metal strip claim 1 , wherein the heat treatment apparatus further includes:an additional heating unit ...

Burning Apparatus and Method for Manufacturing Reduced Iron Using the Same

The present invention relates to a burning apparatus and a method for manufacturing reduced iron using the same, and more particularly, to a burning apparatus heating a coal briquette to manufacture reduced iron, which includes a first burning furnace heating the coal briquette while moving the truck accommodating the coal briquette along a linear movement path; a second burning furnace connected to the other side of the first burning furnace, and heating the coal briquette while moving the coal briquette discharged from the truck along an annular path; and a cooling device connected to the second burning furnace, and cooling the reduced iron while moving reduced iron reduced in the second burning furnace along an annular path. The burning apparatus circulates exhaust gases generated in the burning furnace and cooling device to control a temperature and an oxygen concentration and thus improves a metallization rate of the reduced iron. 1. A burning apparatus for manufacturing reduced iron by heating a coal briquette , the burning apparatus comprising a burning furnace defining a path along which a truck accommodating the coal briquette is moved ,wherein the burning furnace is partitioned into a plurality of regions, and some regions of the plurality of regions are communicated with each other.2. The burning apparatus of claim 1 , comprising an upper passage disposed in an upper portion of the burning furnace so as to be communicated with the burning furnace claim 1 , and partitioned into a plurality of regions along a longitudinal direction of the burning furnace;an upper connection pipe connecting different regions of the upper passage;a lower passage disposed in a lower portion of the burning furnace so as to be communicated with the burning furnace, and partitioned into a plurality of regions along a longitudinal direction of the burning furnace; anda lower connection connecting pipe different regions of the lower passage,wherein the lower connection pipe and the ...

COOLING ELEMENT AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A COOLING ELEMENT

The invention relates to a cooling element for a pyrometallurgical furnace such as for a flash smelting furnace or for a flash converting furnace or for a suspension smelting furnace. The invention relates also to a method for manufacturing a cooling element for a pyrometallurgical furnace such as for a flash smelting furnace or for a flash converting furnace or for a suspension smelting furnace. The cooling element () has a fire surface () to be in contact with an interior of the metallurgical furnace. The cooling element comprises a base element () containing copper and a coating () at least partly covering the base element (). The coating () forms the fire surface () of the cooling element (). The coating () is at least partly applied by a laser coating process such as laser deposition, and the coating () contains a Ni based alloy. 1. Cooling element for a pyrometallurgical furnace such as for a flash smelting furnace or for a flash converting furnace or for a suspension smelting furnace ,wherein a cooling element has a fire surface to be in contact with an interior of the metallurgical furnace,wherein the cooling element comprises a base element containing copper and a coating at least partly covering the base element, andwherein the coating forms the fire surface of the cooling element,characterizedby the coating being at least partly applied by a laser coating process such as laser deposition, andby the coating containing a Ni based alloy.2. The cooling element according to claim 1 , characterized in that by the coating containing in mass percentagesFe: 0.1 to 15%,Ni: 50 to 65%,Cr: 1 to 30%,Mo: 5 to 30%,Cu: less than 2%,Mn: less than 3%, andCo: less than 3%.3. The cooling element according to claim 1 , characterized by the thickness of the coating is in the range of 1 to 5 mm.4. The cooling element according to claim 1 , characterized by the coating covers the fire surface of the cooling element substantially completely.5. The cooling element according to ...

Simplified and improved thermal efficiency vaccum furnace hot zone with prefabricated insulation assembly

The present invention provides a high temperature vacuum furnace that includes a prefabricated solid tongue-and-groove HEFVAC insulation ring assembly hot zone with significantly reduced overall mass, resulting in increased energy efficiency, faster heating and cooling cycles, reduced electricity costs, and expedited maintenance capability thus resulting in lower maintenance costs. The present design eliminates the prior art heavy, fully enclosed metal support ring designed to ensure retention of the insulation shield packages, including all retainer pins and nozzles in place during the heating and high pressure gas quenching cycles, found in prior art vacuum furnaces. The prior art metal support ring is replaced with a bottom support structure whose mass is approximately 80-85% less than the mass of the old support ring. Reducing the mass within the furnace chamber reduces the time and energy it takes to heat and cool the furnace components and the workload being heat treated. Decreased time in the furnace improves production turnaround and lowers energy costs for each heat treating cycle. In one embodiment the prefabricated HEFVAC insulation assembly outer surface contains a very thin stainless steel sheet of approximately 0.030 inches thick, which acts as a low emissivity reflective shield between the prefabricated insulation board ring assembly and the outer water-cooled furnace chamber wall. In another embodiment the prefabricated HEFVAC insulation assembly has no stainless steel sheet on its outside surface adjacent to the furnace plenum and the outer water-cooled furnace chamber wall. The present furnace is easier and less expensive to manufacture compared to prior art vacuum furnaces, and requires less energy to operate. 1. In a high temperature vacuum furnace including a chamber containing a hot zone being formed to accept and heat treat a stationary workload , said hot zone comprising an inner wall formed by a plurality of high density , high strength , ...

Industrial Conveyor Oven

A conveyor oven for heating and cooling a material at varying air temperatures is proposed. The conveyor oven houses a conveyor and a plurality of climate controlled heating and cooling zones through which the material is transported. In a preheating zone, the material is heated to a desired temperature by at least one cooling fan system that provides exhaust air to the zone. In a heating zone, the material is heated by a heating system cycle comprising an air compressor, a turbine combustor, a turbine preheater, a turbine, a generator, a turbine combustor, and a combustor. In a cooling zone, the material is cooled to a desired temperature by at least one air fan system. Material that has been heated and cooled in the conveyor oven exists via the conveyor belt where it is removed by human and/or machine means. 1. A conveyor oven system for heating and cooling a material , comprising:a plurality of heating and cooling zones housed within said conveyor oven system, said plurality of heating and cooling zones comprising at least one of a preheating zone, a heating zone, and a cooling zone;at least one exhaust fan system configured in ductwork connection with said cooling zone and configured to send exhaust air to said preheating and heating zones;a combustor configured in ductwork connection with said heating zone and configured to heat said zone based on a setpoint value;a heating cycle system using outside air and fuel in ductwork connection with said combuster and heating zone and configured to heat said heating zone, said heating cycle system comprising an air compressor configured to compress said air, a turbine combustor for increasing the temperature of said air, a turbine preheater for mixing said air with said exhaust air from said at least one exhaust fan system, a turbine combustor for heating said air with said fuel, a turbine for generating electricity and lowering the temperature and pressure of said air, a generator for generating power for use in said ...

DYNAMIC COOLING OF A METALLURGICAL FURNACE

One embodiment is a cooling system for regulating temperature of a surface of a metallurgical furnace. The cooling system includes a plurality of spray conduits. Each spray conduit has one or more control valves and has a plurality of nozzles. A plurality of temperature sensors are disposed proximate the surface of the metallurgical furnace. A control system adjusts the control valves of the plurality of spray conduits in response to temperature information derived from the plurality of temperature sensors. 1. A cooling system for regulating temperature of a surface of a metallurgical furnace , the cooling system comprising:a plurality of spray conduits, each spray conduit having one or more control valves and having a plurality of nozzles;a plurality of temperature sensors disposed proximate the surface of the metallurgical furnace; anda control system configured to independently adjust the control valves of the plurality of spray conduits in response to information obtained from the plurality of temperature sensors.2. The cooling system of claim 1 , wherein the surface of the metallurgical furnace comprises a sidewall having an interior surface facing an interior of the metallurgical furnace.3. The cooling system of claim 1 , wherein the surface of the metallurgical furnace comprises a roof disposed over an interior portion of the metallurgical furnace.4. The cooling system of claim 1 , wherein the surface of the metallurgical furnace comprises a ductwork fluidly coupled to an interior portion of the metallurgical furnace.5. The cooling system of claim 1 , wherein the control system is configured to preferentially increase an amount of coolant provided to a hot portion of the surface relative to an amount of coolant provided to a cooler portion of the surface.6. The cooling system of claim 1 , wherein the control system is configured to preferentially decrease an amount of coolant provided to a cold portion of the surface relative to an amount of coolant provided ...

CONTINOUS HEAT TREATMENT DEVICE AND METHOD FOR ALLOY WORKPIECE OR METAL WORKPIECE

Disclosed are a continuous heat treatment device and method for a sintered Nd—Fe—B magnet workpiece. The device comprises a first heat treatment chamber, a first cooling chamber, a second heat treatment chamber, and a second cooling chamber continuously disposed in sequence, as well as a transfer system disposed among the chambers to transfer the alloy workpiece or the metal workpiece; both the first cooling chamber and the second cooling chamber adopt a air cooling system, wherein a cooling air temperature of the first cooling chamber is 25° C. or above and differs from a heat treatment temperature of the first heat treatment chamber by at least 450° C.; a cooling air temperature of the second cooling chamber is 25° C. or above and differs from a heat treatment temperature of the second heat treatment chamber by at least 300° C. The continuous heat treatment device and method can improve the cooling rate and production efficiency and improve the properties and consistency of the products. 1. A continuous heat treatment device for an alloy workpiece or a metal workpiece , comprising:a first heat treatment chamber,a first cooling chamber,a second heat treatment chamber,a second cooling chamber, wherein the first heat treatment chamber, the first cooling chamber, the second heat treatment chamber, and the second cooling chamber are disposed in sequence by means of airtight devices, and both the first cooling chamber and the second cooling chamber adopt an air cooling system;', 'a cooling air temperature of the first cooling chamber is 25° C. or above and differs from a heat treatment temperature of the first heat treatment chamber by at least 450° C.;', 'a cooling air temperature of the second cooling chamber is 25° C. or above and differs from a heat treatment temperature of the second heat treatment chamber by at least 300° C.; and', 'a pressure of the first cooling chamber and a pressure of the second cooling chamber are 50 kPa-100 kPa., 'a transfer system disposed ...

Systems And Methods For Controlling A Vacuum Arc Remelting Furnace Based On Power Input

A control system for a vacuum arc remelting (VAR) process for a metal includes a direct current (DC) power source, a ram drive, voltage drip short sensor, and a controller, which includes a processor. The drip short sensor may be configured to measure a drip short frequency of the electric arc over a period of time. The controller is configured to determine a real time arc gap length between the electrode tip and the melt pool based on a correlation between the drip short frequency and arc gap length. The controller is further configured to control power input to the electrode by the DC power supply by determining an input power level to input to the electrode based on the real time arc gap length, the input power level configured to generate a desired arc gap length, by the DC power supply, at the input power level. 1. A control system for a vacuum arc remelting (VAR) process for a metal , the VAR process utilizing a VAR furnace , the VAR furnace including a crucible in which an ingot formed of the metal is formed , a ram operatively associated with an electrode formed of the metal , a vacuum chamber , and a vacuum source associated with the vacuum chamber , the system comprising:a direct current (DC) power source operatively associated with the electrode and configured to produce an electric arc between an electrode tip of the electrode and a melt pool of the ingot;a ram drive operatively associated with the ram and configured to drive the ram;a drip short sensor configured to measure a drip short frequency of the electric arc over a period of time; and determine a real time arc gap length between the electrode tip and the melt pool, using the drip short frequency over the period of time measured by the drip short sensor, using a gap determination module, the gap determination module determining the real time arc gap length based on a correlation between the drip short frequency and arc gap length,', 'control ram velocity of the ram using a ram control module, the ...

REFRACTORY DELTA COOLING SYSTEM

Embodiments of the present invention comprise a refractory delta made from a refractory material having a cold-face side and a hot-face side. One or more electrode apertures are located in the refractory delta for receiving one or more electrodes. One or more cooling apertures extend from the cold-face side of the refractory material to adjacent the hot-face side of the refractory material. The one or more cooling apertures may further comprise a copper tube. A cooling system delivers a cooling liquid to the one or more cooling apertures, and the cooling liquid draws heat from the adjacent refractory material, including the hot-face side, and evaporates to allow replacement cooling liquid to further draw heat from the adjacent refractory material. 1. A refractory delta , comprising:refractory material having a cold-face side and a hot-face side;one or more electrode apertures for receiving one or more electrodes;one or more cooling apertures extending from the cold-face side of the refractory material to adjacent the hot-face side of the refractory material; andwherein the one or more cooling apertures are configured to receive a cooling liquid that draws heat from the refractory material and evaporates to allow replacement cooling liquid to further draw heat from the refractory material.2. The refractory delta of claim 1 , wherein the one or more cooling apertures are through holes that extend from the cold-face side through the hot-face side of the refractory material.3. The refractory delta of claim 1 , further comprising a copper tube in at least a portion of one or more of the one or more cooling apertures.4. The refractory delta of claim 1 , further comprising:a channel located in the cold-face side of the refractory material;wherein the channel communicates with the one or more cooling apertures; andwherein the channel directs water to the one or more cooling apertures.5. The refractory delta of claim 1 , wherein the refractory delta is configured for use in ...

Thermal Process Device

A thermal process device for heat treating a product or plurality of products includes a thermal processing chamber having opposed distal ends and a plurality of controllable heating zones. At least one buffer zone is disposed at each of the distal ends. The buffer zones and heating zones of the thermal processing chamber form a heating element assembly. The heating assembly has an inner and outer surface and a secondary shell is disposed about the outer surface of the heating element assembly and spaced therefrom to form an inlet flow passage for a flow of a temperature adjusting medium along the heating element assembly. A flow directing arrangement is configured to direct the flow of the temperature adjusting medium in the inlet flow passage to the different zones of the heating assembly to adjust the temperature in the heating zones, wherein a majority of the flow of the temperature adjusting medium is delivered to a central zone of the heating temperature assembly and then outward toward at least one of the distal ends. 1. A thermal process device for heat treating a product or plurality of products , the assembly comprising:a thermal processing chamber having opposed distal ends and a plurality of controllable heating zones;at least one buffer zone disposed at each of the distal ends, the buffer zones and heating zones of the thermal processing chamber forming a heating element assembly, the heating element assembly having an inner and outer surface;a secondary shell disposed about the outer surface of the heating element assembly spaced to form a flow passage for a flow of a temperature adjusting medium along the heating element assembly; anda flow directing arrangement configured to direct the flow of the temperature adjusting medium in the inlet flow passage to the different zones of the heating assembly to adjust the temperature in the heating zones, wherein a majority of the flow of the temperature adjusting medium is delivered to a central zone of the ...

METHOD FOR COOLING A HEATING APPARATUS

A method of cooling a heating apparatus includes a heating chamber. The method includes accumulating condensate in the heating chamber, monitoring a pressure in the heating chamber, and controlling the pressure in the heating chamber by venting the heating chamber to thereby controllably permit vaporisation of the condensate that cools the heating chamber. The pressure is controlled to maintain a rate of cooling of the heating chamber within a predetermined range. A heating installation is configured to perform the method. A cooling unit may be connected to a heating apparatus to cool the heating apparatus using the method. A method may be used for retrofitting the cooling unit to a heating apparatus to form the heating installation. 1. A method of cooling a heating apparatus comprising a heating chamber , the method comprising:accumulating condensate in the heating chamber;monitoring a pressure in the heating chamber;controlling the pressure in the heating chamber by venting the heating chamber to thereby controllably permit vaporisation of the condensate that cools the heating chamber;wherein the pressure is controlled to maintain a rate of cooling of the heating chamber within a predetermined range.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein vapour is vented in a first phase until the pressure in the heating chamber is reduced to a threshold pressure; and wherein the method comprises activating a pressure reducer in response to reaching the threshold pressure claim 1 , to reduce the pressure in the heating chamber below the threshold pressure in a second phase claim 1 , in order to further control the vaporisation of the condensate.3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein accumulating the condensate comprises receiving vapour from a vapour supply claim 1 , condensing the vapour in a heat exchanger and supplying the condensate to the heating chamber claim 1 , and optionally wherein the vapour supply is the same vapour supply as is used in a previous heating ...

SPRAY COOLING FURNACE ELECTRODES WITH A COOLING LIQUID THAT CONTAINS SURFACTANTS

A method for cooling furnace electrodes using a cooling liquid containing surfactants. This method can be applied to electrodes used in electric arc furnaces and ladle metallurgy furnaces. The method can involve spraying the cooling liquid onto the electrode, thereby lowering the temperature of the electrode and reducing electrode consumption. 1. A method for cooling a furnace electrode , comprising:mixing a surfactant with water to form a cooling liquid so that the surfactant is present in the cooling liquid in an amount in a range of from 10 mg/l to 5,000 mg/l, andspraying at least a surface of the furnace electrode disposed adjacent a furnace with the cooling liquid to cool the furnace electrode.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the surfactant comprises nonylphenol or a nonylphenoxy group.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the surfactant further comprises an oxirane polymer.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the surfactant comprises nonylphenol.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the surface tension of the cooling liquid is in a range of from 54.9 mN/m to 69.5 mN/m at room temperature.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the surface tension of the cooling liquid is in a range of from 58.5 mN/m to 65.8 mN/m at room temperature.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the surfactant is present in the cooling liquid in an amount in a range of from 50 mg/l to 1 claim 1 ,000 mg/l.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the surfactant is present in the cooling liquid in an amount in a range of from 100 mg/l to 700 mg/l.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the surfactant is present in the cooling liquid in an amount in a range of from 300 mg/l to 600 mg/l.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the furnace electrode is an electric arc furnace electrode or a ladle metallurgy furnace electrode.11. The method of claim 1 , wherein a sufficient amount of the cooling liquid is applied to the surface of the furnace electrode so that the oxidative electrode consumption is reduced as compared to a ...

Metal sheet with tailored properties

Moving metal strips can be heat treated with any number or combination of dimensionally variable tempers across widths, lengths, or thicknesses of a metal strip. To provide dimensionally variable heat treatment, an apparatus can include one or more heating units suitable to increase the temperature of a metal strip moving proximate the apparatus to a heat treatment temperature. The apparatus can also include one or more cooling units positioned near the heating units to absorb heat and cool the metal strip to minimize the amount of heat transferred from a first region of the metal strip that is to be treated to a second region of the metal strip that is not to be treated.

STAVE WITH EXTERNAL MANIFOLD

A stave comprising an outer housing, an inner pipe circuit comprising individual pipes housed within the outer housing, wherein the individual pipes each has an inlet end and an outlet end and wherein each pipe may or may not be mechanically connected to another pipe, and a manifold, integral with or disposed on or in the housing; wherein the inlet and/or outlet ends of each individual pipe is disposed in or housed by the manifold. The manifold may be made of carbon steel while the housing may be made of copper. Each of the inlet and outlet ends of each individual pipe may be surrounded in part by cast copper within a housing of the manifold. 1an outer housing;an inner pipe circuit comprising one or more individual pipes, wherein the one or more individual pipes are housed within the outer housing, wherein each of the one or more individual pipes has an inlet end and an outlet end, and wherein each of the one or more individual pipes may or may not be mechanically connected to another one of the one or more individual pipes; anda manifold comprising a manifold housing, wherein the manifold is integral with or disposed on or in the outer housing, and wherein the manifold housing comprises a perimeter wall having a height and defining an opening;wherein both of the inlet end and the outlet end of each of the one or more individual pipes are disposed in or housed by the same manifold, and wherein both of the inlet end and the outlet end of each of the one or more individual pipes is surrounded at least in part by cast material provided within the opening of the manifold housing to help secure the inlet end and the outlet end of each of the one or more individual pipes to the manifold; andwherein the height of the perimeter wall of the manifold housing extends away from the outer housing and the inner pipe circuit.. A stave comprising: This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/765,281 filed Jul. 31, 2015, which is a National Stage Entry of PCT/ ...

WATER COOLED BOX FOR A METAL MAKING FURNACE

A water cooled box to be installed in the side wall of a metal making furnace to hold and protect implements such as a burner, a lance, or a material (i.e., carbon or lime) injection device. The box preferably comprises a copper outer shell and a steel inner shell liner welded together, whereby a chamber is formed through which cooling water passes. The box further comprises an inlet and outlet for the water flow and a plurality of conduit passages between the copper and steel shells for mounting the aforementioned implements. The copper shell has bars or slots for slag retention and the steel shell has means for mounting the box into the furnace wall. The copper shell is formed into a curved U-shape for preventing cracking due to thermal mechanical stress and to raise the natural frequency of the panel to resist vibration which can also cause cracking. 1. A water cooled box for use in a metal making furnace , the water cooled box comprising:an outer shell having a substantially U-shaped cross-section, an inner surface, and at least one conduit passageway;an inner shell having a substantially U-shaped cross-section, an inner surface, a plurality of water baffles, at least one conduit passageway, and at least one mounting flange;wherein the outer shell is primarily comprised of a metal having a higher thermal conductivity than that of a metal primarily comprising the inner shell;wherein the outer shell and the inner shell are joined at the at least one mounting flange, thereby defining a chamber through which water flows along a path defined by the water baffles, the inner surface of outer shell, and inner surface of the inner shell; andwherein the at least one conduit passageway of the inner shell or the outer shell comprises a flexible joint.2. The water cooled box of claim 1 , wherein the outer shell is primarily comprised of copper.3. The water cooled box of claim 1 , wherein the inner shell is primarily comprised of steel.4. The water cooled box of claim 1 , ...

Probes, blast furnaces equipped therewith, and methods of fabricating probes

Probes, blast furnaces equipped therewith, and methods of fabricating probes. Such a probe includes a base, a shell connected to the base and constructed of at least first and second housing members that extend together along a length of the probe in a longitudinal direction thereof, and at least one support structure interconnecting the first and second housing members. The probe includes a coolant circuit comprising at least one coolant passage within an interior cavity of the shell. The coolant passage has at least one tube supported by the support structure so that the tube contacts at least one of the first and second housing members. At least one sensor is disposed in the second housing member for performing a measurement at an exterior of the shell.

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING METALS AND METAL ALLOYS USING MIXING COLD HEARTH

A metallurgical system for producing metals and metal alloys includes a fluid cooled mixing cold hearth having a melting cavity configured to hold a raw material for melting into a molten metal, and a mechanical drive configured to mount and move the mixing cold hearth for mixing the raw material. The system also includes a heat source configured to heat the raw material in the melting cavity, and a heat removal system configured to provide adjustable insulation for the molten metal. The mixing cold hearth can be configured as a removal element of an assembly of interchangeable mixing cold hearths, with each mixing cold hearth of the assembly configured for melting a specific category of raw materials. A process includes the steps of providing the mixing cold hearth, feeding the raw material into the melting cavity, heating the raw material, and moving the mixing cold hearth during the heating step. 1. A process for producing metals and metal alloys comprising:providing a mixing cold hearth having a melting cavity configured to hold a raw material for melting into a molten metal, an induction coil configured to generate an electromagnetic field for stirring and heating the raw material in the melting cavity into the molten metal, and a mechanical drive configured to move the mixing cold hearth for mixing the raw material in the melting cavity;feeding the raw material into the melting cavity;heating the raw material in the melting cavity;stirring the raw material during the heating step using the electromagnetic field; andmoving the mixing cold hearth during the heating step using the mechanical drive.2. The process of wherein the moving step includes both oscillatory movement and rotational movement of the mixing cold hearth or a combination thereof.3. The process of further comprising providing a heat removal system having a plurality of fluid cooled tiles configured to provide adjustable insulation for the molten metal; and controlling parameters within the ...

HEAT EXCHANGER

A heat exchanger includes a conduit for conveying cooling fluid relative to a body to be cooled. A heat transfer arrangement is arranged in communication with an interior of the conduit the heat transfer arrangement and the conduit together defining an assembly that is mountable adjacent the body to be cooled, convective heat exchange occurring, in use, due to movement of the cooling fluid relative to the body and to the heat transfer arrangement of the assembly and radiant heat exchange occurring between the body and at least part of the heat transfer arrangement of the assembly. 1. A heat exchanger which includes a conduit for conveying heat exchange gas relative to a device; and at least one duct in communication with an interior of the conduit , the at least one duct , in use , being positioned adjacent an external surface of an external wall of the device to form , together with the wall of the device , a passage through which the heat exchange gas is able to pass , the conduit and the at least one duct together defining an assembly that is mountable , in use , adjacent to , and externally of , the device , whereby radiant heat exchange occurs between the device and the at least one duct and convective heat exchange occurs due to movement of the heat exchange gas relative to the device and to the at least one duct , the duct further comprising heat transfer enhancing parts in the form of vortex inducing components arranged on an inner side of a wall of the at least one duct to lie within a flow path of the heat exchange gas in the passage to cause vortices to be developed in the heat exchange gas thereby to reduce formation of thermal boundary layers and thereby to enhance at least convective heat transfer between the at least one duct and the heat exchange gas.2. The heat exchanger of in which the duct is channel-shaped having an open side with the wall of the furnace closing off the open side to form the passage in use.3. The heat exchanger of in which the ...

WATER-COOLED BURNER AND/OR INJECTOR PANEL KITS, WATER-COOLED BURNER AND/OR INJECTOR PANEL APPARATUS, AND METHODS OF USING THE SAME

A burner and/or injector panel includes at least two cooling circuits that may be connected in series with a flexible hose or rigid pipe connected to the circuits behind a rear face of the panel or connected in parallel to a source of cooling water by independently connecting each cooling circuit to the cooling water source without connecting the flexible hose or rigid pipe. 1. A water cooled burner and/or injector panel kit for use in a melting furnace to cool a burner and/or an injector , comprising:a panel having first and second cooling water circuits and at least one orifice for mounting a burner and/or an injector, each of the circuits extending through an interior of the panel between an inlet and an outlet; anda removable flexible hose or rigid pipe adapted and configured to be reversibly connected to the outlet of the first circuit and to the inlet of the second circuit to allow water to flow, in order, into an inlet of the first circuit, through the first circuit, the removable hose or pipe, and the second circuit, and out of an outlet of the second circuit without leaking.2. The burner and/or injector panel kit of claim 1 , wherein the panel includes one or more orifices accommodating one or more burners and/or injectors.3. A water cooled burner and/or injector panel apparatus kit for use in a melting furnace claim 1 , comprising:a panel having first and second cooling water circuits and at least one orifice for mounting a burner and/or an injector, each of the circuits extending through an interior of the panel between an inlet and an outlet;a burner and/or injector inserted in the at least one orifice; anda removable flexible hose or rigid pipe adapted and configured to be reversibly connected to the outlet of the first circuit and to the inlet of the second circuit to allow water to flow, in order, into an inlet of the first circuit, through the first circuit, the removable pipe, and the second circuit, and out of an outlet of the second circuit ...

Smelting Process and Apparatus

A smelting vessel () for producing molten metal includes a refractory lined hearth that in use is in contact with molten slag or molten metal in the smelting vessel, and the hearth includes a plurality of heat pipes () positioned in a refractory lining of at least a part of the hearth for cooling the refractory lining. 1. A smelting vessel for producing molten metal including a refractory lined hearth that in use is in contact with molten slag or molten metal in the vessel , with the hearth including an upper part that in use is in contact with molten slag in a slag zone in the vessel and a lower part that in use is in contact with molten metal in a metal zone in the vessel , with the hearth including a plurality of heat pipes positioned in a refractory lining of the upper part of the hearth for cooling the refractory lining , and with the heat pipes being positioned in a plurality of radially spaced-apart rings completely around the hearth.2. The vessel defined in wherein the heat pipes include lower sections that extend vertically in the refractory lining.3. (canceled)4. The vessel defined in wherein the lower sections of the heat pipes are shaped claim 2 , for example curved claim 2 , having regard to the geometry of the hearth.5. The vessel defined in wherein the lower sections of the heat pipes are parallel to each other.6. The vessel defined in wherein the lower sections of the heat pipes are spaced apart from each other.7. (canceled)8. (canceled)9. The vessel defined in wherein the spacing of the lower sections of the heat pipes is the same in one section of the hearth and different in another section of the hearth.10. (canceled)11. (canceled)12. The vessel defined in wherein the length of the heat pipes increase with radial spacing of the heat pipes from an inner surface of the upper part of the hearth in which the heat pipes are located.13. (canceled)14. The vessel defined in includes a slag zone cooler positioned in the refractory lining of the hearth for ...

Plate cooler stave apparatus and methods for ferrous or non-ferrous metal making furnace

A plate cooler stave for use in a furnace having a shell wall, comprising: a top portion housing at least one cooling fluid inlet and at least one cooling fluid outlet for the flow of cooling fluid to and from the plate cooler stave from outside the furnace; and a main body disposed at an angle relative to the top portion so that the main body may be inserted into the furnace through an opening defined by the shell wall, wherein upon installation, at least a part of the top portion is disposed in the opening. 1a top portion housing a cooling fluid circulating tube including at least one cooling fluid inlet and at least one cooling fluid outlet for the flow of cooling fluid to and from the plate cooler stave from outside the furnace; anda main body, wherein the main body includes the top portion and wherein the main body is disposed at an angle relative to the top portion so that the main body is insertable into the furnace through an opening defined by the shell wall, wherein upon installation, at least a part of the top portion is disposed in the opening;wherein the main body defines a plurality of ribs and a plurality of channels, wherein a front face of the main body defines a first opening into each of the channels; andwherein the plate cooler stave further comprises a plurality of bricks wherein each brick is insertable into one of the plurality of channels via its first opening to a position, upon rotation of the brick, partially disposed in the one channel such that one or more portions of the brick at least partially engage one or more surfaces of the one channel and/or of a first rib of the plurality of ribs whereby the brick is locked against removal from the one channel through its first opening via linear movement without first being rotated.. A plate cooler stave for use in a furnace having a shell wall, comprising: The present application claims benefit and priority from U.S. provisional application Ser. No. 61/319,089 entitled “Panel For Ferrous Or ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DIRECTLY USING WASTE HEAT FROM HIGH TEMPERATURE SOLID

A system and a method for directly using waste heat from a high temperature solid are provided. The system includes a first transverse hollow cylinder and a second transverse hollow cylinder disposed in the first transverse hollow cylinder. In the method, a first material is inputted into the first transverse hollow cylinder, and a second material is inputted into the second transverse hollow cylinder. Thereafter, the first material and the second material are outputted and collected respectively, in which the temperature of the input first material is greater than the temperature of the output first material, and the degree of moisture of the input second material is higher than that of the output second material. 1. A system for directly using waste heat from a high temperature solid , the system comprising: a first end and a second end opposite to the first end, wherein the first end is elevated higher than the second end;', 'a first material inlet disposed near the first end and on a top of the first transverse hollow cylinder for inputting a first material;', 'a first material outlet disposed near the second end and at a bottom of the first transverse hollow cylinder, wherein the bottom is located at a side of the first transverse hollow cylinder near a ground, for outputting the first material which has been cooled; and', 'a first auxiliary power apparatus connected to the first transverse hollow cylinder for vibrating or rotating the first transverse hollow cylinder; and, 'a first transverse hollow cylinder having a third end and a fourth end opposite to the third end, wherein the fourth end is elevated higher than the third end, and the third end extends out of the first end of the first transverse hollow cylinder;', 'a second material inlet disposed on the fourth end for inputting a second material;', 'a second material outlet disposed on the third end for outputting the second material which is dried; and', 'a second auxiliary power apparatus connected to ...

Continuous Ore Process and Apparatus Using Plasma

A method of processing ore using a plasma arc reactor includes the steps of first determining the content of the ore, modeling the plasma arc reaction for different stoichiometric ratios of ore to candidate reagents, selecting one or more of candidate reagents pre-mixing the selected reagents with the ore at corresponding stoichiometric ratios, and continuously feeding the pre-mixed ore into a plasma arc reactor, and controlling the plasma arc reaction according to the previously modeled conditions. 1. A continuous ore processing method , comprising the steps of:a. determining the constituents of the particular ore from which the desired metal is to be extracted;b. using process simulation or modeling software to model the plasma arc reaction for an ore having the constituents determined in step a and one or more candidate reagents, said reagents including at least one of a flux and an reducing or oxidizing agent;c. using the software to simulate the plasma arc reaction when different fluxes and/or reducing/oxidizing agents in different stoichiometric ratios are added to the ore;d. selecting a combination of at candidate reagents and corresponding stoichiometric ratios that optimize separation of the desired metal from the ore in the simulated plasma arc reaction;e. pre-processing the ore to obtain a powder or crushed material;f. adding the selected combination of at least one flux and/or reducing/oxidizing agent to the material;a. feeding the material with the added flux and/or reducing/oxidizing agent into a plasma arc reactor to separate the desired metal from the ore;b. controlling the plasma reaction by moving electrodes in the plasma arc reactor;g. continuously cooling the reactor to achieve rapid cooling and ensure that vaporized metal is retained in the reactor; andh. removing the desired metal from the plasma arc reactor.2. A continuous ore process method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein step g includes the step of circulating coolant through passages in a ...

HEAT TREATMENT FURNACE AND METHOD FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF A PRE-COATED STEEL SHEET BLANK AND METHOD FOR PRODUCTION OF A MOTOR VEHICLE PART

A heat treatment furnace and a method for heat treatment of a steel sheet blank is disclosed having at least one furnace chamber and a transport system for conveying the steel sheet blanks through the furnace chamber. A preheating chamber, a metallurgical bonding path and a cooling chamber, wherein the steel sheet blank can be heated in the preheating chamber to a temperature of above 200° C. A method for the production of a hot-formed and press-quenched motor-vehicle part is also disclosed. 1. Heat treatment furnace for coated steel sheet blanks , having at least one furnace chamber and a transport system for conveying the steel sheet blanks through the furnace chamber , characterized in that there are provided a preheating chamber , a metallurgical bonding path and a cooling chamber , wherein the steel sheet blank can be heated in the preheating chamber to a temperature of above 200° C. , can be heated in the metallurgical bonding path to a temperature above the Ac3 temperature , and can be cooled in the cooling chamber to a temperature of below 450° C.2. Heat treatment furnace according to claim 1 , characterized in that the preheating chamber is designed as a preheating path claim 1 , and/or that the cooling chamber is designed as a cooling path.3. Heat treatment furnace according to claim claim 1 , characterized in that the metallurgical bonding path and the preheating path claim 1 , and/or the cooling path are arranged in a continuous furnace claim 1 , in particular in parallel one above the other or in parallel next to one another.4. Heat treatment furnace according to claim 1 , characterized in that heating means are arranged in the metallurgical bonding path such that a temperature greater than Ac3 prevails claim 1 , and in that the cooling path and/or the preheating path are separated from the metallurgical bonding path by a temperature-permeable separating layer claim 1 , such that part of the heat energy of the metallurgical bonding path heats the ...

WATER COOLED BOX FOR A METAL MAKING FURNACE

A water cooled box to be installed in the side wall of a metal making furnace to hold and protect implements such as a burner, a lance, or a material (i.e., carbon or lime) injection device. The box preferably comprises a copper outer shell and a steel inner shell liner welded together, whereby a chamber is formed through which cooling water passes. The box further comprises an inlet and outlet for the water flow and a plurality of conduit passages between the copper and steel shells for mounting the aforementioned implements. The copper shell has bars or slots for slag retention and the steel shell has means for mounting the box into the furnace wall. The copper shell is formed into a curved U-shape for preventing cracking due to thermal mechanical stress and to raise the natural frequency of the panel to resist vibration which can also cause cracking. 1. A water cooled box for use in a metal making furnace , the water cooled box comprising:an outer shell having a substantially U-shaped cross-section, an inner surface, and at least one conduit passageway;an inner shell having a substantially U-shaped cross-section, an inner surface, a plurality of water baffles, at least one conduit passageway, and at least one mounting flange;wherein the outer shell is primarily comprised of a metal having a higher thermal conductivity than that of a metal primarily comprising the inner shell;wherein the outer shell and the inner shell are joined at the at least one mounting flange, thereby defining a chamber through which water flows along a path defined by the water baffles, the inner surface of outer shell, and inner surface of the inner shell; andwherein the at least one conduit passageway of the inner shell or the outer shell comprises a flexible joint.2. The water cooled box of claim 1 , wherein the outer shell is primarily comprised of copper.3. The water cooled box of claim 1 , wherein the inner shell is primarily comprised of steel.4. The water cooled box of claim 1 , ...

INSULATION STRUCTURE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE

A heat insulation structure, which has a cylindrical side wall part formed in a multilayer structure, includes: a cooling gas supply port provided in an upper portion of a side wall outer layer disposed in an outer side of the side wall part; a cooling gas passage provided between a side wall inner layer disposed in an inner side of the side wall part and the side wall outer layer; a space provided in an inner side of the side wall inner layer; a plurality of blowout holes provided in the side wall inner layer for distributing cooling gas from the cooling gas passage to the space; a buffer area continuously provided in the cooling gas supply port and the cooling gas passage; and a throttle part configured to reduce a cross-sectional area of a boundary surface between the buffer area and the cooling gas passage. 1. A heat insulation structure , which has a cylindrical side wall part formed in a multilayer structure , the heat insulation structure comprising:a cooling gas supply port provided in an upper portion of a side wall outer layer disposed in an outer side of the side wall part;a cooling gas passage provided between a side wall inner layer disposed in an inner side of the side wall part and the side wall outer layer;a space provided in an inner side of the side wall inner layer;a plurality of blowout holes provided in the side wall inner layer for distributing cooling gas from the cooling gas passage to the space;a buffer area continuously provided in the cooling gas supply port and the cooling gas passage; anda throttle part configured to reduce a cross-sectional area of a boundary surface between the buffer area and the cooling gas passage.2. A heat insulation structure , which has a cylindrical side wall part formed in a multilayer structure , the heat insulation structure comprising:a cooling gas supply port provided in an upper portion of a side wall outer layer disposed in an outer side of the side wall part;a cooling gas passage provided between a side ...

Method of manufacturing a slag discharge door

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a slag discharge door, which is provided separately from a molten-steel discharge opening in an electric furnace and opens and closes a slag discharge opening for discharging slag. The method of manufacturing the slag discharge door, which moves up and down on the slag discharge opening to open and close the slag discharge opening, includes the steps of: forming a door body by forging, forming a coolant passage, a coolant inlet, and a coolant outlet in the door body by drilling, and then finishing a passage that blocks a portion that is open toward an outer surface of the door body.

REFRACTORY CERAMIC GAS PURGING ELEMENT

Refractory ceramic gas purging element, comprising the following features: the gas purging element has a refractory ceramic body (), through which a gas can flow in an axial direction (A-A) of the gas purging element, between its first end () and its second end (), a chamber () is arranged at the first end () of the refractory ceramic body (), which chamber extends over at least 50% of the cross section of the refractory ceramic body at its first end (), a gas feeding line () enters into said chamber (), at a distance to said refractory ceramic body (), at a section towards the refractory ceramic body () the chamber () is at least partially permeable to gas, in the chamber () at least one plate () is arranged, which is freely moveable in the axial (A-A) direction of the gas purging element between a first end position, being offset to the refractory ceramic body (), and a second end position, being adjacent but at a distance to a section of the refractory ceramic body () which is permeable to gas, the plate () is dimensioned, shaped and placed in the chamber () in such a way, that a gas flow from the gas feeding line () through said chamber () up to the first end () of the refractory ceramic body () is even secured when the plate () is in its second end position. 1. Refractory ceramic gas purging element , comprising the following features:{'b': 10', '10', '10, 'i': u', 'o, 'a) the gas purging element has a refractory ceramic body (), through which a gas can flow in an axial direction (A-A) of the gas purging element, between its first end () and its second end (),'}{'b': 20', '10', '10', '10, 'i': u', 'u, 'b) a chamber () is arranged at the first end () of the refractory ceramic body (), which chamber extends over at least 50% of the cross section of the refractory ceramic body at its first end (),'}{'b': 30', '20', '10, 'c) a gas feeding line () enters into said chamber (), at a distance to said refractory ceramic body (),'}{'b': 10', '20, 'd) at a section towards ...

Cooling Vessel for Metal Recovery from Smelting or Melting Waste Products

A cooling vessel for metal recovery from waste products including a first open end, a second closed end, and a sidewall extending between the first open end and the second closed end. The vessel has a longitudinal central axis extending from the first open end to the second closed end. In a plane including the longitudinal axis and extending from the first open end to the second closed end, opposing interior surfaces of the vessel are at an angle of 30°-50° to one another. The thickness of the sidewall adjacent the second closed end is greater than the thickness of the sidewall at the first open end. A diameter of the inner surface of the vessel along a first major axis may be greater than a diameter of the inner surface of the vessel along a second minor axis such that a cross-section of the vessel is oval. 1. A cooling vessel for metal recovery from waste products comprising:a first open end;a second closed end; anda sidewall extending between the first open end and the second closed end,the vessel having a longitudinal central axis extending from the first open end to the second closed end,wherein, in a plane including the longitudinal central axis and extending in a direction from the first open end to the second closed end, opposing interior surfaces of the vessel are at an angle of 30°-50° to one another, andwherein a thickness of the sidewall at the first open end is greater than a thickness of the sidewall adjacent the second closed end.2. The cooling vessel of claim 1 , wherein opposing interior surfaces of the vessel are at an angle of 35°-45° to one another.3. The cooling vessel of claim 1 , wherein a ratio of the thickness of the sidewall adjacent the second closed end to the thickness of the sidewall at the first open end is 1.1-2.0.4. The cooling vessel of claim 1 , wherein a ratio of the thickness of the sidewall adjacent the second closed end to a thickness of the sidewall at the first open end is 1.2-1.7.5. The cooling vessel of claim 1 , wherein ...

CERAMIC ARTICLE WITH REDUCED SURFACE DEFECT DENSITY

A machined ceramic article having an initial surface defect density and an initial surface roughness is provided. The machined ceramic article is heated to a temperature range between about 1000° C. and about 1800° C. at a ramping rate of about 0.1° C. per minute to about 20° C. per minute. The machined ceramic article is heat-treated in air atmosphere. The machined ceramic article is heat treated at one or more temperatures within the temperature range for a duration of up to about 24 hours. The machined ceramic article is then cooled at the ramping rate, wherein after the heat treatment the machined ceramic article has a reduced surface defect density and a reduced surface roughness. 1. A heat-treated ceramic article prepared by a process comprising:heating a machined ceramic article to a temperature range between about 1000° C. and about 1800° C., the machined ceramic article having a surface with an initial surface defect density and an initial surface roughness, wherein the initial surface defect density is based on a plurality of surface defects, the plurality of surface defects comprising a plurality of broken bonds, and wherein the machined ceramic article comprises an uncoated bulk sintered ceramic comprising a rare earth oxide;heat treating the machined ceramic article at one or more temperatures within the temperature range for a duration of up to about 24 hours, the heat treating comprising: diffusing surface particles into the melted layer; and', 're-growing the surface particles on grains of the machined ceramic article; and, 'melting a layer of the machined ceramic article at the surface;'}cooling the machined ceramic article, wherein after the heat treatment the machined ceramic article has a reduced surface defect density and a reduced surface roughness.2. The heat-treated ceramic article of claim 1 , wherein the machined ceramic article is a bulk ceramic article consisting essentially of at least one of AlO claim 1 , AlON claim 1 , YAlO(YAM) claim ...

DENTAL FURNACE

The invention relates to a dental furnace wherein a firing chamber is heated up in a first heating-up period at a first heating-up rate of more than 501 K/min, in particular more than 1001 K/min, which heats the furnace to at least 10001 C, in particular to 1100-12501 C. The first heating-up period is followed by an intermediate heating period, which is at least five minutes long, in particular at least ten minutes long, the gradient or heating-up rate of which is adapted to the material to be sintered in the dental furnace (), and wherein this is followed by an end heating-up period () during which heating up is effected at a heating-up rate of more than 301 K/min, in particular approximately 501 K/min, and wherein during this the furnace temperature is held for at least five minutes, in particular for at least 25 minutes, above the temperature toward the end of the first heating-up period, and wherein forced cooling of the furnace () is performed after this. 1. A dental furnace for sintering oxide-ceramic materials comprisinga heating chamber surrounded by heating elements and a thermal insulation layer, wherein the dental furnace is configured such thatthe heating chamber is heated up in a first heating-up period at a first heating-up rate of more than 50° K/min, which heats the furnace to at least 1000° C.,the first heating-up period is followed by an intermediate heating period having an intermediate heating-up rate which is at least five minutes long, wherein during the intermediate heating period about 90 percent of final density of the oxide-ceramic material being sintered is achieved,the intermediate heating period is followed by an end heating-up period during which end heating-up is effected at a heating-up rate of more than 30° K/min,during the end heating-up period the furnace temperature is held for at least five minutes, above a temperature that has been measured at the end of the first heating-up period, and wherein forced cooling of the furnace is ...

SYSTEM FOR GAS PURIFICATION IN AN INDUCTION VACUUM FURNACE AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME

A system and method for removing impurities in an induction furnace cooling system is disclosed. An induction furnace for heating a workpiece includes a chamber, an induction coil positioned in the chamber to provide for heating of the workpiece when a current is provided to the induction coil, and a cooling system fluidly coupled to an interior volume of the chamber, the cooling system including a heat exchanger, a blower fluidly coupled to the heat exchanger and configured to cause a gas to flow through the heat exchanger, and a filter assembly comprising a filtering device, the filter assembly fluidly coupled to the blower and configured to remove impurities from the gas flowing through the cooling system. 1. An induction furnace for heating a workpiece , the induction furnace comprising:a chamber;an induction coil positioned in the chamber to provide for heating of the workpiece when a current is provided to the induction coil; and a heat exchanger;', 'a blower fluidly coupled to the heat exchanger and configured to cause a gas to flow through the heat exchanger; and', 'a filter assembly comprising a filtering device, the filter assembly fluidly coupled to the blower and configured to remove impurities from the gas flowing through the cooling system., 'a cooling system fluidly coupled to an interior volume of the chamber, the cooling system comprising2. The induction furnace of wherein the filter assembly comprises a housing; andwherein the filtering device comprises a filter material positioned within the housing and configured to remove impurities from the gas flowing through the cooling system.3. The induction furnace of wherein the filter material comprise one of metallic wool claim 2 , charcoal claim 2 , or metallic mesh claim 2 , with the filter material configured to filter out at least one of particulate matter claim 2 , organics claim 2 , oxygen claim 2 , or another desired substance.4. The induction furnace of wherein the filter assembly is positioned ...

BLAST FURNACE COOLING PLATE WITH INTEGRATED WEAR DETECTION SYSTEM

A cooling plate for a metallurgical furnace comprising a body () with a front face () and an opposite rear face (), the body having at least one coolant channel () therein; the front face () being turned towards the furnace interior and preferably comprises alternating ribs () and grooves (). The cooling plate includes wear detection means comprising: a plurality of closed pressure chambers () distributed at different locations in said body, said pressure chambers being positioned at predetermined depths below the front face () of said body; and a pressure sensor () associated with each pressure chamber () in order to detect a deviation from a reference pressure inside said pressure chamber when the latter becomes open due to wear out of said body. 1. A cooling plate for a metallurgical furnace comprising:a body with a front face and an opposite rear face, said body having at least one coolant channel therein; wherein in use said front face is turned towards a furnace interior comprises alternating ribs and grooves; andwear detection means adapted to monitor the wear of said body;wherein said wear detection means comprise:a plurality of closed pressure chambers distributed at different locations in said body, said pressure chambers being positioned at predetermined depths below said front face of said body; anda pressure sensor associated with each pressure chamber in order to detect a deviation from a reference pressure inside said pressure chamber when the latter becomes open due to wear out of said body.2. The cooling plate according to claim 1 , wherein said pressure chambers are formed as blind bores drilled from said rear face of said body claim 1 , and closed by a sealingly mounted plug.3. The cooling plate according to claim 2 , wherein said pressure chambers claim 2 , respectively said blind bores claim 2 , are elongate hollow chambers extending substantially perpendicularly to said front face of said body.4. The cooling plate according to claim 2 , wherein ...

Sidewall with buckstay for a metallurgical furnace

A sidewall for a metallurgical furnace and a metallurgical furnace having the same are described herein. In one example, a sidewall of a metallurgical furnace is provided that includes an outer wall, a hot plate and a buckstay. The hot plate is coupled in a spaced apart relation to the outer wall. The buckstay is mechanically coupled to the outer wall and the hot plate. The buckstay includes a buckstay web extending from a buckstay flange. The buckstay web includes a first end coupled to the buckstay flange, and a second end mechanically and movably coupled to the hot plate.

PROCESSING APPARATUS

A processing apparatus includes: a plurality of process modules concatenated with one another; and a loader module configured to receive a carrier accommodating a plurality of substrates to be processed by the plurality of process modules, wherein each of the plurality of process modules includes: a heat treatment unit including a processing container configured to accommodate the plurality of substrates and perform a heat treatment on the plurality of substrates; and a gas supply unit disposed on one side surface of the heat treatment unit and configured to supply a gas into the processing container. 1. A processing apparatus comprising:a plurality of process modules concatenated with one another; anda loader module configured to receive a carrier accommodating a plurality of substrates to be processed by the plurality of process modules, a heat treatment unit including a processing container configured to accommodate the plurality of substrates and perform a heat treatment on the plurality of substrates; and', 'a gas supply unit disposed on one side surface of the heat treatment unit and configured to supply a gas into the processing container., 'wherein each of the plurality of process modules comprises2. The processing apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the gas supply unit is spaced apart from a floor.3. The processing apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the heat treatment unit includes a gas introduction port disposed at a side of the gas supply unit and configured to introduce the gas into the processing container.4. The processing apparatus of claim 3 , wherein each of the plurality of process modules includes an exhaust duct facing the gas supply unit with the heat treatment unit interposed between the gas supply unit and the exhaust duct claim 3 , and including an exhaust pipe configured to exhaust the gas in the processing container5. The processing apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the heat treatment unit includes an exhaust port disposed at a side of the exhaust ...

OVEN DEVICE FOR HEAT-TREATING A METAL BLANK

The present invention relates to an oven device for heat-treating a blank. The oven device has an oven housing having an oven chamber, in which the blank can be heat-treated with a defined temperature, and a tempering body, which is arranged in the oven chamber. Furthermore, the oven device has a tempering body and a tempering device. The tempering device is arranged within the oven chamber movably between a first position and a second position, such that the tempering device is, at least in the first position, in thermal contact with the tempering body and can, in the second position, be brought in thermal contact with the blank. 2. Oven device according to claim 1 ,wherein the tempering device is formed as a belt element,wherein the belt element has a first section,wherein the tempering body has a tempering surface,wherein the belt element is arranged within the oven chamber movably between the first position and the second position, such that the first section is in thermal contact with the tempering surface in the first position and that the first section can be brought in thermal contact with the blank in the second position.3. Oven device according to claim 2 , 'wherein the belt element is arranged such that, in the second position, the first section can be arranged between the tempering body and the blank.', 'wherein the belt element forms a belt loop, which surrounds the tempering body,'}4. Oven device according to claim 2 ,wherein, in the second position, the first section is spaced apart from the tempering body.5. Oven device according to claim 2 ,wherein the belt element further has a second section, which is spaced apart from the first section, andwherein the second section is formed such that in the second position the second section can be arranged spaced apart from the blank.6. Oven device according to claim 5 ,wherein the second section is formed such that, in the second position, the second section is in thermal contact with the tempering surface of ...

Furnace cooling system with thermally conductive joints between cooling elements

It is proposed herein to add supplementary cooling elements to a primary cooling element of a furnace. The supplementary cooling elements, with two or more components, may be inserted from the outside of the furnace into holes that pass through and the primary cooling element such that the cooling elements protrude beyond the inner surface of the primary cooling element. An inner one of the components of the supplementary cooling element may be received by an outer one of the components in a manner that forces the outer component into a thermally conductive pressure connection with the primary cooling element.

Pot Furnace for Calcining Petroleum Coke at Low Temperature

A pot furnace for calcining petroleum coke at low temperature may include a pot, and a cooling water jacket and a flame path below the pot. The flame path may include eight layers. An inlet of a first flame path layer may be in communication with a volatile channel in the front wall, and is provided with a first flame path layer flashboard. An eighth flame path layer may be in communication with a communication flue. Flue gas may be discharged out of the furnace body through a main flue. A furnace bottom cooling channel may be provided below the eighth flame path layer.

Preheating and annealing of cold rolled metal strip

A method of continuously annealing a cold rolled metal strip, by continuously transporting the strip along a transport path where a ramp of direct flame impingement (DFI) burners are located for heating the strip. The ramp is located perpendicular, or substantially perpendicular, to the direction of movement of the strip and the DFI burners are mutually located such that the whole width of the strip is heated to the same, or substantially the same, temperature. The velocity of the strip on the transport path passing the ramp and the heating power of the DFI burners is adapted to heat the strip to annealing temperature, and the preheated strip is annealed in a continuous soaking furnace or annealing furnace.

HEARTH AND CASTING SYSTEM

A casting system, apparatus, and method. The casting system can include an energy source and a hearth, which can have a tapered cavity. The tapered cavity can have a first end portion and a second end portion, and the tapered cavity can narrow between the first and second end portions. Further, the tapered cavity can have an inlet at the first end portion that defines an inlet capacity, and one or more outlets at the second end portion that define an outlet capacity. Where the cavity has a single outlet, the outlet capacity can be less than the inlet capacity. Where the cavity has multiple outlets, the combined outlet capacity can match the inlet capacity. Further, the cross-sectional area of the tapered cavity near the inlet can be similar to the cross-sectional area of the inlet. 1. A casting system comprising: an inlet defining an inlet cross-sectional area;', 'a plurality of outlets, wherein each outlet defines an outlet cross-sectional area less than the inlet cross-sectional area; and', 'a cavity between the inlet and the plurality of outlets, wherein the cavity defines a cavity cross-sectional area that is continually reduced from the inlet to the outlets; and, 'a hearth comprisinga plurality of molds, wherein a mold is aligned with each outlet of the hearth.2. The casting system of claim 1 , wherein the sum of the outlet cross-sectional areas substantially matches the inlet cross-sectional area.3. The casting system of claim 1 , wherein the hearth comprises:a first wall; anda second wall, wherein the cavity is at least partially defined between the first wall and the second wall, and wherein the first wall is not parallel to the second wall.4. The casting system of claim 3 , wherein the first wall is angularly oriented approximately 1 degree to approximately 10 degrees relative to the second wall.5. The casting system of claim 3 , wherein the plurality of outlets comprises a first outlet and a second outlet claim 3 , the first outlet extends through the ...

MAGNETIC PUMP INSTALLATION

A magnetic pump in a pump well in a molten metal furnace with a long, relatively thin side wall that wraps around a significant fraction of the circumference of the pump, which facilitates creation of an eddy current based flow field in the molten material with better magnetic coupling, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of the pump. Breach of the well wall will not result in spillage of metal outside the furnace, and the well can be monitored for any such breach or other change so that the pump can be lifted out of the well to protect it from contact with the molten metal in the event of such a breach, or other appropriate action can be taken. 1. A molten metal furnace comprising:a furnace vessel;a pump well positionable inside the furnace vessel and spaced apart from exterior walls of the furnace vessel; and a magnetic pump at least partially within the pump well;', 'a detector for detecting breach of the pump well; and', 'a lift actuatable in response to a signal from the detector to lift the magnetic pump out of the pump well., 'an apparatus for agitating molten metal within the furnace vessel, the apparatus comprising2. The furnace of claim 1 , wherein the magnetic pump comprises a rotatable permanent magnet assembly and wherein the magnetic pump further comprises a motor for rotating the rotatable permanent magnet assembly.3. The furnace of claim 1 , wherein the magnetic pump comprises a stationary electromagnetic assembly.4. The furnace of claim 1 , further comprising a blower for injecting cooling medium into the pump well.5. The furnace of claim 4 , further comprising a jacket adapted for passing the cooling medium around the magnet assembly.6. The agitation apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the detector is a thermocouple.7. The agitation apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the detector is a conduction detector.8. A molten metal agitation apparatus for use in a non-ferrous molten metal furnace claim 1 , the apparatus comprising:a pump well positionable inside a ...

LIGHT ANNEALING IN A COOLING CHAMBER OF A FIRING FURNACE

One embodiment is directed to an apparatus comprising a firing furnace comprising a heating chamber configured to fire a metallization layer of photovoltaic devices and a cooling chamber configured to cool the photovoltaic devices that have been heated by the heating chamber. The cooling chamber comprises lights to light anneal the photovoltaic devices to reduce light induced degradation as the photovoltaic devices are cooled in the cooling chamber. The cooling chamber of the firing furnace is configured to use residual heat from heating performed in the heating chamber of the firing furnace as heat for the light annealing of the photovoltaic devices. Light annealing is not performed in the heating chamber of the firing furnace.

MULTI-CHAMBER HEAT TREATMENT DEVICE

A multi-chamber heat treatment device according to the present disclosure in which heating chambers are disposed with an intermediate transport chamber interposed therebetween in a top view, and a treatment object is stored in a heating chamber via the intermediate transport chamber, wherein the multi-chamber heat treatment device includes a gas cooling chamber which cools the treatment object using a cooling gas; and a cooling gas circulation device which includes an gas inlet and a gas outlet. 1. A multi-chamber heat treatment device in which heating chambers are disposed with an intermediate transport chamber interposed therebetween when viewed in a top view , and a treatment object is stored in the heating chambers via the intermediate transport chamber , the multi-chamber heat treatment device comprising:a gas cooling chamber which is provided adjacent to the intermediate transport chamber in a top view and configured to cool the treatment object using a cooling gas; anda cooling gas circulation device which includes a gas inlet which extends toward the treatment object in the gas cooling chamber, and a gas outlet which extends toward the treatment object and faces the gas inlet with the treatment object interposed between the gas inlet and the gas outlet, the cooling gas circulation device being configured to blow the cooling gas from the gas inlet and exhausting the cooling gas from the gas outlet.2. The multi-chamber heat treatment device according to claim 1 , wherein the cooling gas circulation device includes at least:a gas circulation passage in which one end is the gas inlet, the other end is the gas outlet, and the cooling gas is circulated via the gas cooling chamber;a blower provided at an intermediate portion of the gas circulation passage to allow the cooling gas to flow therethrough; anda gas cooler provided on an upstream side of the blower to cool the cooling gas exhausted from the gas cooling chamber.3. The multi-chamber heat treatment device ...

Arc Furnace Bottom Construction

An arc furnace bottom construction for maintaining the outer surface temperature of the bottom construction essentially at least on the lower part of the arc furnace essentially close to the temperature surrounding the arc furnace. The bottom construction contains at least two constructions to be cooled and being positioned to each other in different heights seen from the side view. 1. An arc furnace bottom construction for maintaining an outer surface temperature of the arc furnace bottom construction at least at a lower part of an arc furnace essentially close to a temperature surrounding the arc furnace , wherein the bottom construction contains at least two separate constructions to be cooled and positioned with respect to each other at different heights seen from a side view , the constructions installed in connection with a supporting framework of the arc furnace.2. The arc furnace bottom construction according to claim 1 , wherein the separate constructions of the bottom construction are at different heights and establish to each other an intermediate space claim 1 , where a cooling medium is conducted.3. The arc furnace bottom construction according to claim 1 , wherein a construction part of separate plate-like parts is established to the bottom construction of the arc furnace on a middle level of the bottom construction seen from the side view claim 1 , and wherein the separate plate-like parts are installed at a distance from each other.4. The arc furnace bottom construction according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , for conducting a cooling medium to the bottom construction claim 1 , an external jacket of the arc furnace is provided with at least one inlet and at least one outlet.5. The arc furnace bottom construction according to claim 4 , wherein there are the same number of both inlets and outlets.6. The arc furnace bottom construction according to claim 4 , wherein the at least one inlet for the cooling medium is provided with members for distributing ...

LIGHT ANNEALING IN A COOLING CHAMBER OF A FIRING FURNACE

One embodiment is directed to an apparatus comprising a firing furnace comprising a heating chamber configured to fire a metallization layer of photovoltaic devices and a cooling chamber configured to cool the photovoltaic devices that have been heated by the heating chamber. The cooling chamber comprises lights to light anneal the photovoltaic devices to reduce light induced degradation as the photovoltaic devices are cooled in the cooling chamber. The cooling chamber of the firing furnace is configured to use residual heat from heating performed in the heating chamber of the firing furnace as heat for the light annealing of the photovoltaic devices. Light annealing is not performed in the heating chamber of the firing furnace. 1. An apparatus comprising:a firing furnace comprising: a heating chamber configured to fire a metallization layer of photovoltaic devices and a cooling chamber configured to cool the photovoltaic devices that have been heated by the heating chamber;wherein the cooling chamber comprises lights to light anneal the photovoltaic devices to reduce light induced degradation as the photovoltaic devices are cooled in the cooling chamber; andwherein the cooling chamber of the firing furnace is configured to use residual heat from heating performed in the heating chamber of the firing furnace as heat for the light annealing of the photovoltaic devices; andwherein light annealing is not performed in the heating chamber of the firing furnace.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the cooling chamber of the firing furnace is configured to light anneal the photovoltaic devices for between 5 seconds and 45 seconds.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the cooling chamber of the firing furnace is configured to light anneal the photovoltaic devices while each solar cell is at a temperature between 700° C. and 240° C.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the lights comprise a plurality of zones claim 1 , each zone comprising a subset of the lights claim 1 , ...