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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Форма поиска

Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
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Применить Всего найдено 2316. Отображено 100.
04-10-2012 дата публикации

Sensor and bonding agent for same

Номер: US20120247237A1

A sensor and bonding agent for the sensor wherein thickness of the bonding agent interposed between the sensor and measuring object can be kept uniform to maintain uniform bonding force of the bonding agent and a peeling phenomenon of the bonding agent occurring due to a difference in thermal expansion between the measuring object and bonding agent and/or between the bonding agent and the sensor can be prevented. The sensor is attached, through the bonding agent, to a high-temperature measuring object, include a sensor main body having a detecting section, a block body constructed by integrally forming the sensor main body using a molding process. The block body is made of a ceramic-based bonding material that the same as a material forming the bonding agent and, on a side of the measuring object of the block body, a bonding surface of the bonding agent is formed.

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11-10-2012 дата публикации

Fiber optic transducers, fiber optic accelerometers and fiber optic sensing systems

Номер: US20120257208A1

A fiber optic transducer is provided. The fiber optic transducer includes a fixed portion configured to be secured to a body of interest, a moveable portion having a range of motion with respect to the fixed portion, a spring positioned between the fixed portion and the moveable portion, and a length of fiber wound between the fixed portion and the moveable portion. The length of fiber spans the spring. The fiber optic transducer also includes a mass engaged with the moveable portion. In one disclosed aspect of the transducer, the mass envelopes the moveable portion.

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08-11-2012 дата публикации

Method and apparatus for measuring fiber twist by polarization tracking

Номер: US20120281205A1
Автор: Charles G. Askins
Принадлежит: US Department of Navy

A method of measuring fiber twist in a multi-core optical fiber bearing an FBG with polarization dependent reflectivity. The state of polarization of the launched light is adjusted until the reflected FBG wavelength is maximal, indicating that light reaching the FBG is linearly polarized, and the polarization axis of the light reaching the FBG is aligned with the slow birefringent axis of the FBG; the SOP of launched light is now measured. Bending experienced by the fiber is measured conventionally, and birefringence produced by bending of the multi-core optical fiber is calculated. A candidate amount of twist between the launch location and the FBG is proposed, and the corresponding twist-induced birefringence is calculated. When calculations show that light with the launched SOP becomes linearly polarized and aligned with the FBG after traversing a fiber section with the calculated birefringences and proposed rotation, the amount of twist has been properly identified.

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05-12-2013 дата публикации

Shape sensing device-specific

Номер: US20130325387A1
Принадлежит: Koninklijke Philips NV

A medical instrument, system and method for calibration are provided. The instrument includes a body ( 202 ) and a shape sensing system ( 204 ) coupled to the body to permit determination of a shape of the body. A memory element ( 205, 206 ) is coupled to the body and configured to store data associated with calibration of the body, the data being readable through a cable ( 210 ) connectable to the body so that the data permits calibration of the body.

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20-02-2014 дата публикации

Frame foot loading measurement system using fiber optic sensing technique

Номер: US20140047926A1
Принадлежит: Siemens Energy Inc

A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) based sensor is used as a strain sensing element to determine frame foot loading of a generator. Three FBGs may be used in tandem to form a basic Frame Foot Loading Module (FFL Module). Two modules are fixed on each vertical support gusset at the corner of the generator frame, with one module on the front of the gusset and a second module on the back of the gusset. Thus, each gusset may be instrumented with six FBG strain gauges or sensors. The gussets are chosen on each of the four corners of the generator. For two-pole generators the first three gussets at each corner may be used and, for four-pole generators the first four gussets may be used.

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06-03-2014 дата публикации

Apparatus for measuring state variables

Номер: US20140061452A1
Автор: Wolfgang Schade

An apparatus for measuring state variables with at least one fiber-optic sensor, containing at least one optical coupler, at least one filter element and at least one photoelectric converter, where the optical coupler, the filter element and the photoelectric converter are integrated on a substrate, and the filter element contains at least one Bragg grating which is designed to supply the light portion reflected by the Bragg grating to the photoelectric converter.

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07-01-2016 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND METHOD OF MULTIPLEXED OR DISTRIBUTED SENSING

Номер: US20160003648A1
Принадлежит: Haliburton Energy Services, Inc.

Various embodiments include apparatus and methods to measure a parameter of interest using a fiber optic cable. The parameters can be provided by a process that provides for multiplexed or distributed measurements. A multiplexed or a distributed architecture can include acoustic sensor units placed selectively along an optical fiber such that the acoustic sensor units effectively modulate the optical fiber with information regarding a parameter to provide the information to an interrogator coupled to the optical fiber that is separate from the acoustic sensor units. 1. A method comprising:making a measurement using a sensor disposed at a location, the measurement corresponding to a parameter related to the location;generating a signal correlated to the parameter in response to the measurement;applying the signal to an actuator such that that the actuator perturbs an optical fiber disposed in vicinity of the location, based on the signal, the optical fiber and the actuator arranged in proximity to each other; andextracting a value of the parameter, at an interrogator coupled to the optical fiber, in response to receiving an optical signal from perturbing the optical fiber.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein extracting the value of the parameter includes extracting a value of the parameter in response to receiving an optical signal backscattered from perturbing the optical fiber.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein perturbing the optical fiber includes perturbing a fiber Bragg grating disposed in the optical fiber in vicinity of the location.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein perturbing the optical fiber includes perturbing a non-wavelength selective in-line mirror disposed in the optical fiber in vicinity of the location.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein perturbing the non-wavelength selective in-line mirror includes perturbing an in-line connector of the optical fiber in vicinity of the location or an in-line reflective material coated fiber splice of the optical ...

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04-01-2018 дата публикации

OPTICAL FIBRE SENSOR

Номер: US20180003551A1
Принадлежит:

A fiber optic sensor for detecting an excitation in proximity to a fiber optic assembly, the excitation inducing a modulation of the phase of an optical signal propagating in the fiber optic assembly, the sensor comprises: a laser assembly emitting at least one laser beam; a fiber optic assembly; an optical system configured to: inject at least one portion of the laser beam; generate at least one laser signal beam issued from the laser beam injected into and propagated in the fiber assembly; generate at least one reference beam from the laser beam or the signal beam; produce at least one interference zone corresponding to the interference between a portion of the reference beam and a portion of the interference signal beam corresponding to the interference between a portion of the reference beam and a portion of the signal beam; a digital holography assembly comprising: a liquid-crystal spatial light modulator; a video camera configured to receive the interference zone and to transcribe it electrically to the liquid-crystal spatial light modulator in order to create thereon a phase hologram corresponding thereto; at least one optical detector configured to detect an output optical signal beam. 1. A fiber optic sensor for detecting an excitation in proximity to a fiber optic assembly , said excitation inducing a modulation of the phase of an optical signal propagating in said fiber optic assembly , said sensor comprising:a laser assembly of at least one laser, said laser assembly being configured to emit at least one laser beam;a fiber optic assembly having a first end and a second end; inject via said first or said second end, at least one portion of said laser beam;', 'receive via said first end, at least one signal beam issued from the portion of the laser beam injected into and propagated in said fiber assembly;', 'generate at least one reference beam from said laser beam or said signal beam;', 'produce at least one interference zone corresponding to the ...

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02-01-2020 дата публикации

INTERNAL CLADDING IN SAPPHIRE OPTICAL DEVICE AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME

Номер: US20200003949A1
Принадлежит:

Provided is a cladded single crystal sapphire optical device (e.g., a s sapphire optical fiber or wafer). In one embodiment, the innovation provides a method for forming a cladding in a single crystal sapphire optical device by reactor irradiation. The reactor irradiation creates ions external to the optical device that enter the optical device, displace atoms in the optical device, and are implanted in the optical device, thus modifying the index of refraction of the optical device near the surface of the optical device and creating a cladding in the sapphire optical device. 1. A sapphire optical device having a graded internal refractive cladding within the sapphire optical device.2. The sapphire optical device of claim 1 , wherein the sapphire optical device is a sapphire optical fiber.3. The sapphire optical device of inscribed with at least one type-II Bragg grating.4. The sapphire optical device of claim 1 , wherein the sapphire optical device is a sapphire optical wafer.5. The sapphire optical device of claim 4 , wherein the sapphire optical wafer includes an ion implanted waveguide.6. A waveguide comprising the sapphire optical device of . The waveguide of claim 4 , wherein the waveguide is implemented onto a silicon chip.87. The waveguide of claim claim 4 , wherein the silicon chip is incorporated into a photonic device.9. The waveguide of claim 9 , wherein the photonic device is a silicon chip-based spectroscopy device. This application is a Continuation of and claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/928,411 entitled “Internal Cladding in Sapphire Optical Device and Method of Making Same’ filed on Mar. 22, 2018 which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/475,312 entitled “Creation of an Internal Cladding in Sapphire Optical Fiber by Reactor Irradiation” filed on Mar. 23, 2017, each of which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.The innovation relates to internal cladding in sapphire optical ...

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14-01-2021 дата публикации

SENSOR SYSTEM

Номер: US20210010833A1
Принадлежит: NKT Photonics GmbH

A sensor system for detection and localisation of changes in or values for at least one environmental condition comprises a source of pulses of electromagnetic radiation, wherein the source is configured to emit electromagnetic radiation at a plurality of different wavelengths, an optical fibre in optical communication with the source of pulses, wherein said optical fibre includes one or more fibre Bragg gratings having a reflectance and/or transmittance which varies in dependence on the at least one environmental condition, and a detection unit for detecting, at a plurality of different times, electromagnetic radiation which has been reflected or transmitted by at least one of the fibre Bragg gratings, wherein the detection unit is configured for detecting electromagnetic radiation at the plurality of different wavelengths, such that a spectral response can be determined for different spatial regions along the optical fibre, wherein a change in or value for the environmental condition at a spatial region may be determined by monitoring the respective spectral response. 1. Sensor system for detection and localisation of changes in or values for at least one environmental condition , comprising:a source of pulses of electromagnetic radiation, wherein the source is configured to emit electromagnetic radiation at a plurality of different wavelengths;an optical fibre in optical communication with the source of pulses, wherein said optical fibre includes one or more fibre Bragg gratings having a reflectance and/or transmittance which varies in dependence on the at least one environmental condition; anda detection unit for detecting, at a plurality of different times, electromagnetic radiation which has been reflected or transmitted by at least one of the fibre Bragg gratings,wherein the detection unit is configured for detecting electromagnetic radiation at the plurality of different wavelengths, such that a spectral response can be determined for different spatial ...

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14-01-2021 дата публикации

EHZ ULTRAFAST MODULATED PULSE SCANNING LASER AND DISTRIBUTED FIBER SENSING SYSTEM

Номер: US20210010834A1
Принадлежит:

An EHz ultrafast modulated pulse scanning laser and a distributed fiber sensing system. A plurality of phase-shift gratings are engraved on a doped fiber, the phase-shift gratings having different central window wavelengths and a wavelength interval between the adjacent central window wavelengths being a preset fixed value. When a pump light emitted by a pump laser source is coupled by a wavelength division multiplexer and enters the doped fiber, a single-mode narrow-linewidth laser light having multiple wavelengths with a wavelength interval being a preset fixed value can be generated, by using the phase-shift gratings graved on the doped fiber. The ultrafast modulation is completed by using a time-domain control method based on an EOM. An internally frequency converted pulse light formed by splicing pulse lights whose frequencies linearly increase is obtained, thus forming the EHz ultrafast modulation of a distributed feedback fiber laser. In this way, a coherence length of an output laser light is increased while a frequency of the laser light is remained. 1. An EHz ultrafast modulated pulse scanning laser , wherein the laser comprises a pump laser source , a first wavelength division multiplexer , a cascaded phase-shifted fiber grating , a second wavelength division multiplexer , a plurality of electro-optic modulators , and a controller to which the plurality of electro-optic modulators are connected , whereinan output end of the pump laser source is connected to a first end of the first wavelength division multiplexer;the cascaded phase-shifted fiber grating is composed of a plurality of phase-shift gratings that are engraved on a doped fiber, the phase-shift gratings having different central window wavelengths and a wavelength interval between the adjacent central window wavelengths being a preset fixed value, and the cascaded phase-shifted fiber grating is connected to a second end of the first wavelength division multiplexer;a third end of the first ...

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17-01-2019 дата публикации

OMNIDIRECTIONAL OPTICAL FIBER BRAGG GRATINGS FOR ULTRASONIC GUIDED WAVE SENSING AND ASSOCIATE SOURCE LOCATION METHODS

Номер: US20190017864A1
Принадлежит: FBS, INC.

A system includes at least one optical fiber having at least one FBG and a detection system. The optical fiber is configured to be coupled to a structure in at least one location. The location at which the optical fiber is to be coupled to the structure is different from a location at which the FBG is disposed. The detection system includes a light source configured to inject light into the optical fiber, a photodetector configured to detect a shift in a wavelength spectrum of light reflected by the FBG as a result of a time-varying strain induced at the at least one FBG, and a processor configured to detect a shear-horizontal guided stress wave propagating in said structure based on the shift in the wavelength spectrum detected by the photodetector induced by a longitudinal-type guided stress wave that is propagated along the optical fiber. 1. A system , comprising:at least one optical fiber including at least one fiber Bragg grating (FBG) disposed along a length thereof, the at least one optical fiber configured to be coupled to a structure in at least one location, the location at which the optical fiber is configured to be coupled to the structure being different from a location at which the FBG is disposed; and a light source optically coupled to the at least one optical fiber, the light source configured to inject light into the at least one optical fiber;', 'a photodetector configured to detect a shift in a wavelength spectrum of light reflected by the at least one FBG as a result of a time-varying strain induced at the at least one FBG; and', 'a processor in signal communication with the photodetector, the processor configured to detect a shear-horizontal guided stress wave propagating in said structure based on the shift in the wavelength spectrum detected by the photodetector induced by a longitudinal-type guided stress wave that is propagated along the at least one optical fiber., 'an optical guided wave detection system coupled to the at least one ...

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17-01-2019 дата публикации

Fluorophore enhanced multidimensional photonic sensors

Номер: US20190017887A1
Принадлежит: Saudi Arabian Oil Co

A photonic displacement sensor comprises a photonic fiber including a) a core section having a first band gap aligned along an extended longitudinal axis, and b) a cladding section surrounding the core section having a second band gap. The first band gap is adapted to block a spectral band of radiation centered on a first wavelength that is directed along the longitudinal axis, and the second band gap is adapted to block a spectral band of radiation centered on a second wavelength that is directed transversely to the longitudinal axis, and wherein displacement is detected based on a shift in at least one of the first and second band gap of the photonic fiber, enabling an intensity of radiation to be detected that is in proportion to the displacement in the photonic fiber.

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16-01-2020 дата публикации

Advanced monitoring device for whole-process deformation curve of surrounding rock of tunnel excavation and implementation method thereof

Номер: US20200018164A1
Принадлежит:

An advanced monitoring device and an implementation method for a whole-process deformation curve of a surrounding rock during tunnel excavation is disclosed, comprising a steel pipe elastic body, a cathetometer structure and an embedded optical fiber, and an implementation step; the cathetometer is an equidistant series structure, and fixed in the steel pipe; the embedded optical fiber is encapsulated in the surface slot of the steel pipe; the cathetometer and the embedded optical fiber and the steel pipe form a deformation coordination structure, and the deformation of the surrounding rock can be deduced by calculating the variation of the cathetometer and the deformation of the optical fiber. The invention can test and calculate the deformation curve of the surrounding rock in front of the excavation face during tunnel excavation, and provide support for engineering dynamic design, construction and safety. 1. An advanced monitoring device for deformation curve of a surrounding rock during tunnel excavation , comprising:{'b': '1', 'the surrounding rock (),'}{'b': 2', '1, 'an excavation tunnel () opened in the surrounding rock (),'}{'b': 3', '1', '2', '301, 'a drilling hole () provided in the surrounding rock () and connected to the excavation tunnel (), and is disposed at one side with a drilling hole outer port sealing body (),'}{'b': 302', '4', '3', '402', '403', '4', '401', '4', '404', '4, 'a grouting pipe () and a steel pipe () disposed in the drilling hole (), a steel pipe optical fiber slot () and a steel pipe embedded optical fiber entry hole () opened on the outer surface of the steel pipe (), a steel pipe outer end sealing body () is provided at one end of the steel pipe (), and a steel pipe inner plug () is provided at the other end of the steel pipe (),'}{'b': 5', '402', '5', '4, 'a steel pipe embedded optical fiber () encapsulated in the steel pipe optical fiber slot (), the steel pipe embedded optical fiber () is led out of both ends of the steel pipe ...

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16-01-2020 дата публикации

APPARATUS FOR OPTICAL APPLICATIONS, SPECTROMETER SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING AN APPARATUS FOR OPTICAL APPLICATIONS

Номер: US20200018647A1
Автор: Waltermann Christian
Принадлежит: FiSens GmbH

The present invention relates to an apparatus for optical applications, a spectrometer system and method for producing an apparatus for optical applications, and in particular to an apparatus comprising an optical waveguide having a first refractive index along a light propagation axis interrupted by a plurality of scattering portions having a second refractive index. Each scattering portion has a long axis substantially perpendicular to the light propagation axis as well as a short axis substantially perpendicular to the light propagation axis and the long axis. A receiver unit or a transmitter unit is arranged on a side of the optical waveguide, the long axis being substantially perpendicular, i.e. normal to the plane of this side on which the receiver unit or transmitter unit is arranged. Accordingly, simplification and miniaturization of an optical apparatus can be realized. 1. An apparatus for optical applications , comprisingan optical waveguide configured to guide light along a light propagation axis and having a first refractive index along the light propagation axis interrupted by a plurality of portions having a second refractive index, wherein each portion has a long axis substantially perpendicular to the light propagation axis as well as a short axis substantially perpendicular to the light propagation axis and the long axis; anda receiver unit arranged on a side of the optical waveguide,wherein the receiver unit is arranged so as to receive light scattered from the plurality of portions in a scattering direction lying in a main scattering plane defined by the long axis and the light propagation axis.2. An apparatus for optical applications , comprisingan optical waveguide configured to guide light along a light propagation axis and having a first refractive index along the light propagation axis interrupted by a plurality of portions having a second refractive index, wherein each portion has a long axis substantially perpendicular to the light ...

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26-01-2017 дата публикации

FIBER OPTIC TRANSDUCERS, FIBER OPTIC ACCELEROMETERS AND FIBER OPTIC SENSING SYSTEMS

Номер: US20170023385A1
Принадлежит:

A fiber optic transducer is provided. The fiber optic transducer includes a fixed portion configured to be secured to a body of interest, a moveable portion having a range of motion with respect to the fixed portion, a spring positioned between the fixed portion and the moveable portion, and a length of fiber wound between the fixed portion and the moveable portion. The length of fiber spans the spring. The fiber optic transducer also includes a mass engaged with the moveable portion. In one disclosed aspect of the transducer, the mass envelopes the moveable portion. 1. A transducer comprising:a fixed portion configured to be secured to a body of interest;a moveable portion having a range of motion with respect to the fixed portion;a spring positioned between the fixed portion and the moveable portion; anda length of fiber wound between the fixed portion and the moveable portion, the length of fiber spanning the spring,wherein the fixed portion, the moveable portion, and the spring are formed from a unitary piece of material.2. The transducer of further comprising a mass engaged with the moveable portion claim 1 , wherein the mass envelopes at least one of the fixed portion claim 1 , the spring claim 1 , and the length of fiber within at least one position within the range of motion of the moveable portion.3. The transducer of wherein the mass is formed from the unitary piece of material.4. The transducer of wherein the unitary piece of material is a plastic material.5. The transducer of wherein the unitary piece of material is a metal material.6. The transducer of wherein the unitary piece of material is a spring metal material.7. The transducer of wherein the spring is a biasing spring for providing tension to the length of fiber.8. The transducer of further comprises a hinge connected between the mass and the fixed portion to limit the range of motion of the moveable portion to a single linear degree of freedom.9. The transducer of wherein the hinge is formed ...

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23-01-2020 дата публикации

Methods and apparatus for determining shape parameter(s) using a sensing fiber having a single core with multiple light propagating modes

Номер: US20200025593A1
Принадлежит: Intuitive Surgical Operations Inc

Example embodiments include an optical interrogation system with a sensing fiber having a single core, the single core having multiple light propagating modes. Interferometric apparatus probes the single core multimode sensing fiber over a range of predetermined wavelengths and detects measurement interferometric data associated with the multiple light propagating modes of the single core for each predetermined wavelength in the range. Data processing circuitry processes the measurement interferometric data associated with the multiple light propagating modes of the single core to determine one or more shape-sensing parameters of the sensing fiber from which the shape of the fiber in three dimensions can be determined.

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04-02-2016 дата публикации

Multi-peak reference grating

Номер: US20160033360A1
Автор: Domino Taverner
Принадлежит: Weatherford Technology Holdings LLC

Methods and apparatus are provided for using a multi-peak reference grating as an optical reference element to produce an optical spectrum with a plurality of reference wavelength peaks spanning a desired wavelength range. This multi-peak reference grating is suitable for use in swept-wavelength interrogation systems, such as those utilizing Bragg grating sensors. Each of the reference wavelength peaks may be characterized for absolute wavelength over a range of environmental operating conditions, such that the absolute wavelength of each reference wavelength peak can be found at any time given the contemporaneous environmental operating condition. This reference grating is interrogated concurrently with the Bragg grating sensors, and the position of each sensor peak relative to the reference grating peaks is used to calculate the absolute wavelength of each sensor (and hence, the corresponding parameter of interest).

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17-02-2022 дата публикации

ELECTRO-OPTIC MODULATOR AND METHODS OF USING AND MANUFACTURING SAME FOR THREE-DIMENSIONAL IMAGING

Номер: US20220050205A1
Принадлежит: nLIGHT, Inc.

Apparatuses, systems and methods for modulating returned light for acquisition of 3D data from a scene are described. A 3D imaging system includes a Fabry-Perot cavity having a first partially-reflective surface for receiving incident light and a second partially-reflective surface from which light exits. An electro-optic material is located within the Fabry-Perot cavity between the first and second partially-reflective surfaces. Transparent longitudinal electrodes or transverse electrodes produce an electric field within the electro-optic material. A voltage driver is configured to modulate, as a function of time, the electric field within the electro-optic material so that the incident light passing through the electro-optic material is modulated according to a modulation waveform. A light sensor receives modulated light that exits the second partially-reflective surface of the Fabry-Perot cavity and converts the light into electronic signals. Three-dimensional (3D) information regarding a scene-of-interest may be obtained from the electronic signals. 1. A 3D imaging system , comprising:a Fabry-Perot cavity having a first partially-reflective surface for receiving incident light and a second partially-reflective surface from which light exits;an electro-optic material placed within the Fabry-Perot cavity between the first partially-reflective surface and the second partially-reflective surface and configured so that at least some of the incident light passes through the electro-optic material;a plurality of electrodes configured to produce an electric field within the electro-optic material;a voltage driver, in contact with at least one of the electrodes, configured to modulate as a function of time the electric field within the electro-optic material so that the incident light passing through the electro-optic material is temporally modulated according to a predetermined modulation waveform; anda light sensor configured to receive light that exits the second ...

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24-02-2022 дата публикации

Optical interrogator for performing interferometry using fiber bragg gratings

Номер: US20220057193A1
Принадлежит: Hifi Engineering Inc

There is described a method for interrogating optical fiber comprising fiber Bragg gratings (“FBGs”), using an optical fiber interrogator. The method comprises (a) generating an initial light pulse from phase coherent light emitted from a light source, wherein the initial light pulse is generated by modulating the intensity of the light; (b) splitting the initial light pulse into a pair of light pulses; (c) causing one of the light pulses to be delayed relative to the other of the light pulses; (d) transmitting the light pulses along the optical fiber; (e) receiving reflections of the light pulses off the FBGs; and (f) determining whether an optical path length between the FBGs has changed from an interference pattern resulting from the reflections of the light pulses.

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24-02-2022 дата публикации

Fiber optic load sensors and systems therefor

Номер: US20220057283A1
Принадлежит: Simmonds Precision Products Inc

A load sensing system for sensing a load on a structure can include an optical load sensing element configured to change an optical state based on a force applied thereto, an optical source operatively connected to the optical load sensing element and configured to input an input optical signal to the optical load element, and an optical detector configured to receive a returned optical signal from the optical load sensing element. The optical detector can be configured to detect one or more frequency peaks of the returned optical signal and to use the one or more frequency peaks of the returned optical signal to correlate to a load value of the load and output the load value indicative of the load.

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18-02-2021 дата публикации

Integrated ball screw linear actuator

Номер: US20210048319A1
Принадлежит: NSK Americas Inc

A linear actuation screw having a first end portion, a second end portion on an opposite side as the first end portion, and a sloping intermediate portion between the first end portion and second end portion. The first end portion has a threaded outer wall having a generally constant first diameter over at least a portion of its length and is configured to advance a nut or a sliding member along at least a portion of the first end portion. The second end portion has a threaded outer wall having a generally constant second diameter that is different from the first diameter and is configured to receive a motor fastening nut around it in order to secure the linear actuation screw to a motor. The sloping intermediate portion includes an outer wall that is generally smooth and continuous over at least a majority of the area of the outer wall.

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25-02-2021 дата публикации

A sensor for measuring a flow of a fluid

Номер: US20210052173A1
Принадлежит: UCL BUSINESS LTD

A sensor is provided for measuring a flow of a fluid in a physiological environment, such as within a vessel of a human or animal subject. The sensor comprises an interrogation light guide extending from a proximal end to a distal end of the sensor. The interrogation light guide is configured to transmit interrogation light to, and receive reflected interrogation light from, the distal end of the sensor. The sensor further comprises an excitation light guide configured to transmit excitation light to the distal end of the sensor. The excitation light is provided for heating the fluid (directly or indirectly). The sensor further comprises a sensing element located at the distal end of the sensor. The sensing element comprises at least two etalons for reflecting interrogation light back along the interrogation light guide towards the proximal end of the sensor. Each etalon has a respective optical path length and further has at least one reflective surface external to the interrogation light guide. The sensing element is configured to be in thermal contact with the fluid such that the optical path length of at least one etalon is dependent on a temperature of the fluid. The reflected interrogation light forms an interferogram which is dependent on the optical path lengths of the respective etalons.

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14-02-2019 дата публикации

Low Insertion Loss High Temperature Stable Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor and Method for Producing Same

Номер: US20190049272A1
Принадлежит: NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF CANADA

Provided is an optical waveguide with an inscribed Bragg grating, where the Bragg grating is stable at high temperature, has low scattering loss and high reflectivity. Also provided is a method for inscribing a Bragg grating in an optical waveguide, the method comprising irradiating the optical waveguide with electromagnetic radiation from an ultrashort pulse duration laser of sufficient intensity to cause a permanent change in an index of refraction within a core of the optical waveguide, where the irradiating step is terminated prior to erasure of a Bragg resonance, and heating the optical waveguide to a temperature and for a duration sufficient to substantially remove a non-permanent grating formed in the optical waveguide by the irradiating step. 1. A method for inscribing a Bragg grating in an optical waveguide , comprising the steps of:providing the optical waveguide;providing electromagnetic radiation from an ultrashort pulse duration laser, wherein the electromagnetic radiation has a pulse duration of less than or equal to 5 picoseconds, and wherein the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation has a characteristic wavelength in the wavelength range from 150 nm to 2.0 microns;irradiating the optical waveguide with the electromagnetic radiation to form a Bragg grating, the electromagnetic radiation incident on the optical waveguide being sufficiently intense to cause a permanent change in an index of refraction within a core of the optical waveguide when exposed to a succession of laser pulses, wherein the irradiating step is carried out for at least a number of pulses sufficient to form the permanent index of refraction change in the core of the optical waveguide, and wherein the irradiating step is terminated prior to erasure of a Bragg resonance by the irradiating; andheating the optical waveguide to a temperature and for a duration sufficient to substantially remove a non-permanent grating formed in the optical waveguide by the irradiating step.2. The ...

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01-03-2018 дата публикации

System and Method for Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometer

Номер: US20180058983A1

Systems, methods, and devices of the various embodiments enable mitigation of the effects of birefringence in Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometer (OFDR) sensing fiber. Various embodiments enable the measurement of the polarization state of the light in a sensing fiber throughout the entire sensing cable in a highly distributed manner typical of OFDR systems. Various embodiments enable the production of a distributed fiber birefringence measurement throughout the length of an OFDR sensing fiber. Various embodiments may enable OFDR to be 100% polarization diverse, meaning that polarization effects in the fiber optic cables and sensing fiber do not negatively effect measurements. Additionally, the highly distributed measurement of the polarization state and related birefringence in a sensing fiber of the various embodiments may enable new types of measurements such as pressure, twisting, and bending along the sensing fiber.

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04-03-2021 дата публикации

Fiber optic sensor, manufacturing method thereof and motion sensing device

Номер: US20210063430A1
Автор: Ming Zhai, Xiaoliang FU, Yu Liu

A fiber optic sensor, a manufacturing method thereof and a motion sensing device relating to the field of sensors are provided. The fiber optic sensor includes a bushing, a magnetic mass block and a sensing optical fiber. The magnetic mass block is located in the bushing, and a magnetic fluid is adsorbed onto an outer surface, opposite to an inner wall of the bushing, of the magnetic mass block, such that the magnetic mass block is capable of being suspended in the bushing and moving along an axis of the bushing. One end of the sensing optical fiber is in a first end opening of the bushing. A surface, opposite to the sensing optical fiber, of the magnetic mass block is a reflecting surface. The sensing optical fiber is configured to provide incident light for the reflecting surface and to receive measuring light from the reflecting surface.

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28-02-2019 дата публикации

MEASUREMENT SYSTEM

Номер: US20190063960A1
Автор: Ramos Rogerio Tadeu
Принадлежит:

A measurement system may be enabled to detect properties within an enclosure based on information detected using optical fiber sensors. The measurement system may include an enclosure having at least one wall with an inside surface and an outside surface; at least one silica-based optical fiber comprising at least one functional optical fiber core and at least one cladding layer; at least one optical fiber interrogation member; at least one transducer arranged to output energy; a controller; and a processing element configured to communicate with the optical fiber interrogator and the controller. The silica-based optical fiber is associated with a wall of the enclosure. The controller is configured to control the optical fiber interrogator and the transducer. The processing element is configured to process information from the optical fiber interrogation member. 1. A measurement system comprising:an enclosure having at least one enclosure wall with an inside surface and an outside surface;at least one silica-based optical fiber comprising at least one functional optical fiber core and at least one cladding layer;at least one optical fiber interrogation member;at least one transducer arranged to output energy;a controller; anda processing element arranged to communicate with the optical fiber interrogator and the controller;wherein the silica-based optical fiber is associated with a wall of the enclosure;wherein the controller is configured to control the optical fiber interrogator;wherein the controller is further configured to control the transducer; andwherein the processing element is configured to process information from the optical fiber interrogation member.2. The measurement system according to claim 1 , wherein the silica-based optical fiber diameter is between 50 μm and 250 μm.3. The measurement system according to claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the silica-based optical fiber comprises at least one coating layer.4. The measurement system according ...

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27-02-2020 дата публикации

METHOD FOR FIXING A FIBER HAVING A FIBER BRAGG GRATING SENSOR SEGMENT ONTO A COMPO-NENT AND BEARING DEVICE WITH SUCH A FIBER

Номер: US20200063794A1
Принадлежит:

A method for fixing a fiber having a fiber Bragg grating sensor segment onto a component configured to undergo changes in strain and/or temperature. The method providing the steps of stretching at least a section of the fiber including the fiber Bragg grating sensor segment by a defined and calibrated preload into a preloaded condition, fixing the section of the fiber including the fiber Bragg grating sensor segment being in the preloaded condition on a carrier element, and fixing the carrier element onto the component, as well as a bearing device with such a fiber. 1. A method for fixing a fiber having a fiber Bragg grating sensor segment onto a component configured to undergo changes in strain and/or temperature , comprising the steps:{'b': '2', 'i) stretching at least a section of the fiber including the fiber Bragg grating sensor segment () by a defined and calibrated preload into a preloaded condition,'}ii) fixing the section of the fiber including the fiber Bragg grating sensor segment being in the preloaded condition on a carrier element,iii) fixing the carrier element onto the component.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the component is a bearing ring.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein in step ii) the fixing of the section of the fiber including the fiber Bragg grating sensor segment on the carrier element is carried out by gluing and/or mechanical interlocking and/or fitting and/or wherein in step iii) the fixing of the carrier element onto the component is carried out by gluing or welding.4. A bearing device comprisinga bearing ring,a fiber having at least one fiber Bragg grating sensor segment,a carrier element, whereinat least a section of the fiber including the at least one fiber Bragg grating sensor segment is fixed in a defined and preloaded condition on the carrier element and the carrier element is fixed onto the bearing ring.5. The bearing device according to claim 4 , wherein the bearing ring provides a groove and the carrier ...

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28-02-2019 дата публикации

Seal and Sealing Method

Номер: US20190066543A1
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a seal containing a substrate which can be applied to an object to be sealed, so that said seal is changed when it is removed without authorization, wherein the substrate contains or comprises a polymer and/or a glass and at least one optical waveguide is arranged in the substrate, at least one first Bragg grating being arranged in said optical waveguide, wherein the substrate has a thickness of less than 200 μm. The invention further relates to a system having a seal of this kind and having an evaluation device, and also to a sealing method. 115-. (canceled)16110210103313251525354. A seal () , containing a substrate () , which can be applied to an object () to be sealed , so that the seal is changed when it is removed , wherein the substrate () comprises a polymer or a glass and the substrate () accommodates at least one optical waveguide ( , , ) , in which at least one first Bragg grating ( , , , ) is arranged , the substrate having a thickness of less than about 200 μm.1710. The seal of claim 16 , wherein the substrate () has a thickness of less than about 100 μm or less than about 80 μm or less than about 50 μm.1835. The seal of claim 16 , wherein at least one coupler () is also arranged in the substrate.1933132. The seal of claim 16 , wherein the at least one waveguide ( claim 16 , claim 16 , ) is configured to allow a single-mode light conduction.2051525354. The seal of claim 16 , wherein at least one first Bragg grating ( claim 16 , claim 16 , claim 16 , ) shows a polarization-dependent reflection and/or transmission.21105. The seal of claim 16 , wherein the substrate () is surrounded by a frame () on at least one boundary.224. The seal of claim 16 , further containing a connection waveguide ().23414. The seal of claim 22 , wherein a second Bragg grating () is arranged in the connection waveguide ().24661626364. A system including the seal of claim 16 , comprising a reading device () claim 16 , which contains a light source () or a ...

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11-03-2021 дата публикации

LOW INSERTION LOSS HIGH TEMPERATURE STABLE FIBER BRAGG GRATING SENSOR AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME

Номер: US20210072050A1
Принадлежит:

Provided is an optical waveguide with an inscribed Bragg grating, where the Bragg grating is stable at high temperature, has low scattering loss and high reflectivity. Also provided is a method for inscribing a Bragg grating in an optical waveguide, the method comprising irradiating the optical waveguide with electromagnetic radiation from an ultrashort pulse duration laser of sufficient intensity to cause a permanent change in an index of refraction within a core of the optical waveguide, where the irradiating step is terminated prior to erasure of a Bragg resonance, and heating the optical waveguide to a temperature and for a duration sufficient to substantially remove a non-permanent grating formed in the optical waveguide by the irradiating step. 1. An optical waveguide with an inscribed Bragg grating prepared according to a method comprising the steps of:providing the optical waveguide;providing electromagnetic radiation from an ultrashort pulse duration laser, wherein the electromagnetic radiation has a pulse duration of less than or equal to 5 picoseconds, and wherein the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation has a characteristic wavelength in the wavelength range from 150 nm to 2.0 microns;irradiating the optical waveguide with the electromagnetic radiation to form a Bragg grating, the electromagnetic radiation incident on the optical waveguide being sufficiently intense to cause a permanent Type II change of the index of refraction within a core of the optical waveguide when exposed to laser pulses, wherein the irradiating step is carried out for at least a number of pulses sufficient to form first a non-permanent Bragg grating having a Type I-like change in index of refraction within the core of the optical waveguide, and wherein the irradiating step is terminated prior to erasure of a Bragg resonance associated with the Type I-like change in index of refraction, by the irradiating and prior to the growth of a new Bragg resonance characteristic to ...

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07-03-2019 дата публикации

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DETERMINING WHETHER AN EVENT HAS OCCURRED FROM DYNAMIC STRAIN MEASUREMENTS

Номер: US20190072379A1
Принадлежит: Hifi Engineering Inc.

Methods, systems, and techniques for determining whether an event has occurred from dynamic strain measurements involve determining, using a processor, at least one event parameter from a signal representing the dynamic strain measurements, and then having the processor use the at least one event parameter to determine whether the event has occurred. The at least one event parameter is any one or more of a measure of magnitude of the signal, frequency centroid of the signal, filtered baseline of the signal, harmonic power of the signal, and time-integrated spectrum flux of the signal. 1. A method for determining whether an event has occurred from dynamic strain measurements , the method comprising:(a) determining, using a processor, at least one event parameter from a signal representing the dynamic strain measurements, wherein the at least one event parameter is selected from the group comprising a measure of magnitude of the signal, frequency centroid of the signal, filtered baseline of the signal, harmonic power of the signal, and time-integrated spectrum flux of the signal; and(b) using the at least one event parameter, using the processor to determine whether the event has occurred.2. The method of wherein the event is selected from the group comprising a leak in a conduit claim 1 , a pipeline intrusion claim 1 , a strain event claim 1 , and a thermal event.3. The method of further comprising obtaining the signal by optically interrogating an optical fiber comprising a pair of fiber Bragg gratings tuned to substantially identical center wavelengths claim 1 , wherein the dynamic strain measurements comprise a strain measurement obtained along a fiber segment between the pair of fiber Bragg gratings.4. The method of further comprising dividing the signal into event threshold windows claim 1 , and wherein determining the at least one event parameter is performed on a per event threshold window basis.5. The method of wherein the measure of magnitude of the signal ...

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24-03-2022 дата публикации

RAINFALL MEASURING APPARATUS USING FIBER BRAGG GRATING SENSOR

Номер: US20220091301A1
Автор: LEE Geum Jun, LEE Geum Suk
Принадлежит:

Discloses is a precipitation measuring apparatus using a fiber Bragg grating sensor, which includes: a base horizontally installed at a position for measuring precipitation; a cylindrical cover fixedly installed on the base; a bucket for collecting a predetermined amount of water introduced into the cover to discharge the collected water; and a detecting unit for detecting the number of times of discharging the water from the bucket by using the fiber Bragg grating sensor, wherein the change in the load applied onto the water collecting tank at a predetermined amount of water discharged from the bucket is detected using the fiber Bragg grating sensor, and the amount of precipitation is precisely measured using the number of changes in the wavelength of the light outputted from the fiber Bragg grating sensor. 1. A precipitation measuring apparatus using a fiber Bragg grating sensor , the precipitation measuring apparatus comprising:a base horizontally installed at a position for measuring precipitation;a cylindrical cover fixedly installed on the base;a bucket for collecting a predetermined amount of water introduced into the cover to discharge the collected water; anda detecting unit for detecting a number of times of discharging the water from the bucket by using the fiber Bragg grating sensor.2. The precipitation measuring apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the base is provided at a lower portion thereof with a water collecting tank for collecting the water discharged from the bucket claim 1 , an optical fiber installed between the base and the water collecting tank, and', 'a fiber Bragg grating sensor installed on the optical fiber to detect a number of discharging times of a predetermined amount of water from the bucket to the water collecting tank, in which the fiber Bragg grating sensor outputs light having a wavelength changed according to a load applied onto the water collecting tank., 'the detecting unit includes'}3. The precipitation measuring apparatus of ...

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05-03-2020 дата публикации

Wireline Optical Fiber Sensing

Номер: US20200072995A1
Принадлежит: Silixa Ltd

The high sensitivity provided by an enhanced DAS system comprising a DAS interrogator and a high reflectivity fiber allows for the deployment of such a high reflectivity fiber as part of a wireline intervention cable which can be temporarily lowered into a well, thus avoiding the need to permanently cement such a high reflectivity optical fiber cable into the well. Instead, such a wireline cable incorporating the high reflectivity optical fiber has been found to be sensitive enough to detect micro-seismic activity and low frequency strain with many more measurement points and channels than conventional wireline deployed geophones and tiltmeters. Additionally, the cable requires no clamping and can be easily and quickly removed from one well and placed in another well.

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31-03-2022 дата публикации

MEASUREMENT SYSTEM USING FIBER BRAGG GRATING SENSOR

Номер: US20220099465A1
Автор: LEE Geum Jun, LEE Geum Suk
Принадлежит:

Disclosed is a measurement system using a fiber Bragg grating sensor, which includes a sensing unit including a plurality of dynamic sensors and static sensors using fiber Bragg gratings to detect mutually different physical quantities to be measured, an optical meter configured to measure each physical quantity by simultaneously processing data output from the plurality of dynamic sensors and static sensors in real time, and a server configured to store and manage the data measured by the optical meter. Mutually different physical quantities are measured by simultaneously processing the data output from the plurality of dynamic sensors and static sensors in real time by using one optical meter. 1. A measurement system using a fiber Bragg grating sensor , the measurement system comprising:a sensing unit including a plurality of dynamic sensors and static sensors using fiber Bragg gratings to detect mutually different physical quantities to be measured;an optical meter configured to measure each physical quantity by simultaneously processing data output from the plurality of dynamic sensors and static sensors in real time; anda server configured to store and manage the data measured by the optical meter,wherein mutually different physical quantities are measured by simultaneously processing the data output from the plurality of dynamic sensors and static sensors in real time by using one optical meter.2. The measurement system of claim 1 , wherein the dynamic sensor includes an acceleration sensor that generates measurement data at a high speed of more than 100 times per a second and a plurality of dynamic sensors are installed on a first optical cable to output detection signals with mutually different wavelengths claim 1 , andthe static sensor includes at least one of a displacement sensor, a temperature sensor, an inclinometer, a tunnel convergence sensor, and a geologic inclination sensor that generates measurement data with a measurement period relatively slower ...

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29-03-2018 дата публикации

MEASUREMENT SYSTEM AND METHOD TO INTERROGATE BIREFRINGENT OPTICAL SENSORS WITH A FREQUENCY SWEPT SOURCE BASED INTERROGATOR

Номер: US20180088002A1
Принадлежит:

The invention provides a measurement system to interrogate at least one birefringent optical sensor and a method to interrogate birefringent optical sensors at high speed and high resolution. The system and method detects, at least, a first and a second spectral feature that are polarization dependent, wherein the detected first and second spectral features correspond to different responses of at least one birefringent optical sensor. 1. A measurement system to interrogate different responses of at least one birefringent optical sensor , said system comprising a tunable laser source and a polarization control device , wherein the system is configured with one or more modules to:sweep the tunable laser at a predetermined frequency range at least once to interrogate the birefringent optical sensor; anddetect, at least, a first and a second spectral feature that are polarization dependent, wherein the detected first and second spectral features correspond to different responses of the at least one birefringent optical sensor.2. The system of wherein the first and second spectral features are summed or averaged for a polarization state and the spectral information obtained correspond to the different responses of the at least one birefringent optical sensor.3. The system of wherein the first spectral feature at a first polarization state is detected during a first sweep of the tunable laser and the second spectral feature at a second polarization state is detected during a second sweep of the tunable laser.4. The system of wherein the first and second spectral features correspond to a first and a second wavelength response of the at least one birefringent optical sensor and provide a measurement function of at least one of temperature claim 1 , strain or pressure.5. The system of wherein the first and second spectral feature comprises a first and a second wavelength peak.6. The system of wherein the system is configured to calculate the wavelength distance between the ...

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29-03-2018 дата публикации

TILTED GRATING SENSOR

Номер: US20180088028A1
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a sensor using a tilted fiber grating to detect physical manifestations occurring in a medium. Such physical manifestations induce measurable changes in the optical property of the tilted fiber grating. The sensor comprises a sensing surface which is to be exposed to the medium, an optical pathway and a tilted grating in the optical pathway. The grating is responsive to electromagnetic radiation propagating in the optical pathway to generate a response conveying information on the physical manifestation. 1. An elongation strain sensor comprising:an optical pathway; anda tilted grating in said optical pathway to generate a response conveying information on elongation strain acting on said sensor.2. The elongation strain sensor as defined in claim 1 , wherein said optical pathway includes an optical fiber.3. The elongation strain sensor as defined in claim 1 , wherein the response includes a core mode resonance component and a cladding mode resonances component.4. A method for measuring elongation strain claim 1 , comprising: reaction of the tilted grating to elongation strain; and', 'reaction of the tilted grating to temperature; and, 'receiving a response from a sensor containing a tilted grating subjected to elongation strain, the response conveying information onprocessing the response of the tilted grating to distinguish the reaction of the tilted grating to elongation strain from the reaction of the tilted grating to temperature.5. An apparatus for measuring elongation strain claim 1 , comprising: an optical pathway; and', 'a tilted grating in said optical pathway to generate a response conveying information on elongation strain and temperature acting on said sensor; and, 'an elongation strain sensor havinga signal processing unit to process the response of the tilted grating and distinguish in the response to reaction of said tilted grating to elongation strain from the reaction of the tilted grating to temperature.6. The ...

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21-03-2019 дата публикации

FIBER BRAGG GRATING INTERROGATION AND SENSING SYSTEM AND METHODS

Номер: US20190086244A1
Автор: Deliwala Shrenik
Принадлежит: ANALOG DEVICES, INC.

Fiber Bragg grating interrogation and sensing used for strain and temperature measurements. A simple, broadband light source is used to interrogate one or more fiber Bragg grating (FBG). Specifically, a packaged LED is coupled to fiber, the light therefrom is reflected off a uniform FBG. The reflected light is subsequently analyzed using a filter and a plurality of Si photodetectors. In particular, the filter is a chirped FBG or an optically coated filter, in accordance with some embodiments. Measurement analysis is performed by ratio of intensities at the plurality of detectors, at least in part. 1. A method for interrogating a fiber Bragg grating comprising:powering a light source with a current;illuminating a fiber Bragg grating with a light pulse;{'sub': '1', 'reflecting a portion of the light pulse centered a first wavelength λ;'}{'sub': '1', 'separating the portion of the light pulse centered at a first wavelength λinto a first and second intensity;'}{'sub': '2', 'filtering the first intensity with a filter centered at a second wavelength λ;'}measuring the filtered first intensity;measuring the second intensity; andcalculating a change in the fiber Bragg grating using the measurement of the first and second intensity.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the light source comprises a first light emitting diode have a spectral intensity centered about a third wavelength claim 1 , λ.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the light source further comprises a second light emitting diode have a spectral intensity centered about a fourth wavelength claim 2 , λ.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the filtering the first intensity with a filter centered at a second wavelength λis performed with an optically coated filter.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the filtering the first intensity with a filter centered at a second wavelength λis performed with a chirped fiber Bragg grating.6. The method of further comprising calculating a ratio of the first and second intensity.7. The ...

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04-04-2019 дата публикации

TAILOR DISTRIBUTED AMPLIFICATION FOR FIBER SENSING

Номер: US20190101419A1
Автор: Inbar Eran, Rowen Eitan
Принадлежит:

A method of providing in-line Raman amplification in an optical fiber sensing system, including the procedures of generating a probe light having a probe wavelength, transmitting the probe light into an optical fiber, generating at least one Raman pump light at a respective pump wavelength, the pump wavelength being shorter than the probe wavelength, generating at least one Raman seed light at a respective seed wavelength, the seed wavelength being between the pump and probe wavelengths, transmitting the Raman pump light into the optical fiber, transmitting the Raman seed light into the optical fiber and propagating the Raman pump light, the Raman seed light and the probe light along the optical fiber to achieve distributed Raman amplification of signal light produced by the probe light as it propagates along the optical fiber. 1. A method of providing in-line Raman amplification in an optical fiber sensing system , comprising:generating a probe light including a probe wavelength;transmitting said probe light into an optical fiber;generating at least one Raman pump light at a respective pump wavelength and pump power, wherein said respective pump wavelength is shorter than said probe wavelength, such that a corresponding frequency difference between said respective pump wavelength and said probe wavelength is a multiple of a frequency shift for which a Raman scattering coefficient is at least 25% of a resonant Raman scattering coefficient;generating at least one Raman seed light at a respective seed wavelength and seed power, said respective seed wavelength being between said respective pump wavelength and said probe wavelength;transmitting said at least one Raman pump light into said optical fiber;transmitting said at least one Raman seed light into said optical fiber; andpropagating said at least one Raman pump light, said at least one Raman seed light and said probe light along said optical fiber to achieve distributed Raman amplification of signal light produced ...

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29-04-2021 дата публикации

Fiber optic sensing system for grid-based assets

Номер: US20210123797A1

A sensor system includes a sensor network comprising at least one optical fiber having one or more optical sensors. At least one of the optical sensors is arranged to sense vibration of an electrical device and to produce a time variation in light output in response to the vibration. A detector generates an electrical time domain signal in response to the time variation in light output. An analyzer acquires a snapshot frequency component signal which comprises one or more time varying signals of frequency components of the time domain signal over a data acquisition time period. The analyzer detects a condition of the electrical device based on the snapshot frequency component signal.

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28-04-2016 дата публикации

Multi-parameter optical sensor and method for optical sensor manufacturing

Номер: US20160116670A1
Принадлежит: Individual

A dual-parameter optical sensor having: a fiber optic cable; a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) section provided on the fiber optic cable; and a sleeve affixed to the fiber optic cable such that the sleeve encloses a predetermined portion of the FBG section, wherein the sleeve has a different thermal expansion co-efficient than the fiber optic cable. A method for manufacturing the dual-parameter optical sensor including selecting a fiber optic cable having a predetermined thermal expansion coefficient; forming a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) section on the fiber optic cable; selecting a sleeve having a predetermined thermal expansion co-efficient that is different from the thermal expansion co-efficient of the fiber optical cable; selecting a predetermined portion of the FBG section to be enclosed by the sleeve; and joining the fiber optic cable to the sleeve such that the sleeve encloses the selected predetermined portion of the FBG section.

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26-04-2018 дата публикации

Method for measuring the displacement profile of buildings and sensor therefor

Номер: US20180113009A1

Exemplary embodiments provide for a method for continuous measurement of displacements profile of building structures and a sensor for implementation of this method for repeated, automatic displacements profile measurements of the medium by means of optical fiber elements. This is of particular relevance in engineering structures, engineering structure elements, geotechnical structures. The apparatus is characterized in that the measurement involves a measuring sensor, which is constructed of a core with coupled optical fiber sensing elements for determining the core strains and an optical fiber sensing element for determining temperature, placed freely in an axial channel of the core, making possible to perform measurements in such a way, which that allows for compensation of the influence of sensor temperature.

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09-06-2022 дата публикации

Interrogation of arrays of equally spaced weak reflectors in optical fibers

Номер: US20220178723A1
Принадлежит:

A method includes generating a sequence of multiple optical pulses, for transmission into an optical fiber () having an array of multiple equally spaced reflectors () embedded therein, the sequence having a pulse duration and a pulse repetition interval (PRI) that guarantee that reflections of any of the optical pulses from any of the reflectors do not overlap. The sequence of optical pulses is transmitted into the optical fiber. The reflections of the optical pulses from the reflectors are extracted from the optical fiber. One or more events affecting the optical fiber are identified by analyzing the reflections. 1. A method , comprising:generating a sequence of multiple optical pulses, for transmission into an optical fiber having an array of multiple equally spaced reflectors embedded therein, the sequence having a pulse duration and a pulse repetition interval (PRI) that guarantee that reflections of any of the optical pulses from any of the reflectors do not overlap;transmitting the sequence of optical pulses into the optical fiber;extracting, from the optical fiber, the reflections of the optical pulses from the reflectors; andidentifying one or more events affecting the optical fiber by analyzing the reflections.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the array consists of N reflectors having a temporal round-trip spacing Tbetween adjacent reflectors claim 1 , and wherein generating the sequence comprises setting the pulse duration to τ=T/(N−1) or to τ=T/(N+1) claim 1 , and setting the PRI to N·τ.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein generating the sequence comprises generating each of the optical pulses as one of a rectangular pulse claim 1 , a raised-cosine pulse and a Gaussian pulse.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein generating the sequence comprises generating each of the optical pulses as an antipodal perfect periodic autocorrelation (PPA) sequence claim 1 , wherein extracting the reflections comprises correlating the reflections ...

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13-05-2021 дата публикации

APPARATUS FOR MONITORING A MEASURAND

Номер: US20210140802A1
Автор: DOYLE Crispin, JONES KEVIN
Принадлежит:

An apparatus for locating a measurand anomaly, such as a hot-spot, along an optical waveguide is provided comprising: an optical waveguide, a light source configured to transmit pulsed light along the waveguide, and a first and second set of sensors provided along the waveguide. Each sensor is configured to reflect a portion of light propagating along the waveguide at a respective sensor wavelength corresponding to a measurand. The first set of sensors provides one or more groups of sensors configured to detect a measurand anomaly within that group. The second set comprises a plurality of sensors each separated from the adjacent sensor of that set by a distance along the waveguide greater than half the distance travelled by the light along the waveguide during the pulse duration. A plurality of sensors of the first set is provided between each adjacent sensor of the second set. The apparatus further comprises a detector configured to monitor the light reflected by the sensors, and a control system configured to control the light source and the detector to both locate at least the group containing a measurand anomaly and to monitor the measurand using the second set. 1. An apparatus for monitoring a measurand along an optical waveguide comprising:an optical waveguide;a light source configured to selectively emit narrowband pulsed light of a given wavelength and duration through the optical waveguide and further configured to modulate the wavelength of said light;a first and a second set of sensors provided along the waveguide, wherein each sensor of the first and second sets is configured to reflect a portion of light propagating along the waveguide at a respective sensor wavelength corresponding to a measurand;wherein the first set of sensors is configured into one or more groups according to their sensor wavelengths, each group comprising a plurality of sensors, wherein the sensor wavelength for each sensor in a respective group is substantially equal when the ...

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04-05-2017 дата публикации

Sensors Having Multiple Fiber-Grating Sensing Elements That Provide Differing Responses to an Environmental Input and Related Systems and Methods

Номер: US20170122826A1
Принадлежит: Wicor Holding AG

Sensors for measuring an environmental input, such as force or moisture, that include fiber-grating sensing elements having differing responses to the environmental input such that the differing responses can be used to effectively solve multiple equations, representing the differing responses, for two unknowns representing, respectively, the environmental input and temperature. The differing responses can be due to any one or more of a variety of factors, including sensor elements having differing effective areas, materials of differing cure states, differing fiber grating wavelengths, differing sensitive materials, asymmetrical deployments, and differing numbers of load balancing elements, among others. Sensor systems employing such sensors and methods of utilizing such sensors are also disclosed.

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27-05-2021 дата публикации

System and method for monitoring a fiber and a detector attached to the fiber

Номер: US20210156106A1
Принадлежит: Network Integrity Systems Inc

A system for detecting an intrusion of at least one of a monitoring fiber and a detector comprises a sensor having a closure monitor and an intrusion monitor, the closure monitor including a signal generator and at least one detector attached to the monitoring fiber. The signal generator transmits signal light such that the monitoring fiber receives the transmitted signal light and reflects a portion of the signal light via the at least one detector to the closure monitor and transmits a non-reflected portion of the signal light. The intrusion monitor receives the transmitted non-reflected portion of the signal light, and monitors the non-reflected portion of the signal light to detect transient changes in the non-reflected portion of the signal light indicative of at least one of a vibration, a motion and a handling of at least one of the monitoring fiber and the at least one detector.

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07-08-2014 дата публикации

Displacement measuring device and displacement measuring method

Номер: US20140218751A1
Принадлежит: Fuji Jukogyo KK, University of Tokyo NUC

Displacement measuring device with light irradiation system, first and second FBGs and detecting system. The first FBG has first transmittance distribution or first reflectance distribution. The second FBG has second transmittance distribution or second reflectance distribution. The detecting system detects light passed through the first and second FBGs of which at least one of the first transmittance distribution and the second transmittance distribution changes in a wavelength direction with a change amount different from that of the other, according to a displacement amount of an object, or amplitude of the light passed through the first and the second FBGs of which at least one of the first reflectance distribution and the second reflectance distribution changes in the wavelength direction with a change amount different from that of the other, according to the displacement amount of the object, and acquires an index to indicate the displacement amount based on the amplitude.

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17-05-2018 дата публикации

INTEGRATION OF FIBER OPTIC SENSORS INTO SLEEVE

Номер: US20180136017A1
Автор: TURNER Alan
Принадлежит:

Systems and methods are provided for monitoring industrial equipment in operational state or subsequent to repair. In addition, systems and methods are provided for detection and diagnostics of equipment failure in order to inform of a cause of the failure and the timing of the failure. Moreover, systems and methods are provided for simultaneous repair and monitoring of the results of the repair by integrating sensors into the repaired area while performing the repair. A system for monitoring physical properties of industrial equipment includes a portion of industrial equipment, a fiber-optic sensor that measures the physical properties of the portion of industrial equipment, a sleeve placed over an external surface of the portion of industrial equipment, and an attachment layer placed between the sleeve and the portion of industrial equipment that attaches the sleeve to the portion of industrial equipment. 1. A system for monitoring physical properties of industrial equipment , comprising:a portion of industrial equipment;at least one fiber-optic sensor that measures the physical properties of the portion of industrial equipment;a sleeve placed over an external surface of the portion of industrial equipment; andan attachment layer placed between the sleeve and the portion of industrial equipment that attaches the sleeve to the equipment; between the external surface of the portion of industrial equipment and an external surface of the sleeve, and', 'on the external surface of the sleeve., 'wherein the at least one fiber-optic sensor is inserted in at least one of the following locations2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one fiber-optic sensor is a Fiber Bragg Grating sensor.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the portion of industrial equipment is a pipe.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the sleeve is a patch placed on the pipe for repair.5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the at least one fiber-optic sensor provides diagnostics of a patched section of ...

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17-05-2018 дата публикации

SENSOR SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MONITORING A POWERTRAIN

Номер: US20180136058A1
Принадлежит: Fugro Technology B.V.

A sensor system () and method for monitoring a powertrain () having a drive shaft (). The sensor system () comprises an optical fibre () with a strain sensitive element (). According to one aspect, a connection structure () is configured to hold at least a part of the optical fibre () with the strain sensitive element () at a radial distance (R-R) remote from the drive shaft () for amplifying the strain (S) on the strain sensitive element () with respect to the strain () on the drive shaft (). According to a further aspect, at least three respective lengths of one or more optical fibres follow parallel, e.g. helical, paths with respect to each other to distinguish different strain forces. 1. A sensor system for monitoring a powertrain , the sensor system comprisingan optical fibre comprising a strain sensitive element configured to change its optical properties based on a strain on the strain sensitive element;a connection structure configured to connect the optical fibre to a drive shaft wherein a strain on the drive shaft is passed by the connection structure to cause the strain on the strain sensitive element;a light source connected to the optical fibre and configured to emit an input light signal to the optical fibre for optical interaction with the strain sensitive element; anda light detector configured to receive an output light signal from the optical fibre resulting from the optical interaction of the input light signal with the strain sensitive element for measuring the strain on the strain sensitive element;wherein the connection structure is configured to hold at least a part of the optical fibre with the strain sensitive element at a radial distance remote from the drive shaft for amplifying the strain on the strain sensitive element with respect to the strain on the drive shaft.2. The sensor system according to claim 1 , wherein the drive shaft has a shaft radius and the strain sensitive element is held by the connection structure at a distant radius ...

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18-05-2017 дата публикации

Fiber bragg grating optical sensor having a nanoporous coating

Номер: US20170138862A1

The invention relates to an optical waveguide having a Fibre Bragg Grating, which waveguide is provided with a coating having a nanoporous sensor material, the sensor unit further having an optical detection unit for detecting a change in an optical property of the waveguide, wherein the grating is present in the core of the waveguide and the coating at least substantially surrounds the grating. The coating is expandable or shrinkable under the influence of the chemical substance, thereby causing a change in axial strain in the grating when the sensor material is exposed to the chemical substance, which change is detectible by a optical detection unit. The invention further relates to an optical sensor system for measuring a chemical substance, the sensor system having a waveguide according to the invention

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08-09-2022 дата публикации

VERSATILE OPTICAL FIBER SENSOR AND METHOD FOR DETECTING RED PALM WEEVIL, FARM FIRES, AND SOIL MOISTURE

Номер: US20220283022A1
Принадлежит:

An integrated system for detecting a red palm weevil (RPW), farm fire, and soil moisture includes an optical fiber configured to be extending to a tree, and a distributed acoustic sensor (DAS) box connected to the optical fiber. The DAS box is configured to process first to third different optical signals reflected from the optical fiber, to determine a presence of the RPW from the first optical signal, a temperature at a location along the optical fiber from the second optical signals, and a moisture at a location around the tree from the third optical signal. 1. An integrated system for detecting a red palm weevil (RPW) , farm fire , and soil moisture , the system comprising:an optical fiber configured to be extending to a tree; anda distributed acoustic sensor (DAS) box connected to the optical fiber,wherein the DAS box is configured to process first to third different optical signals reflected from the optical fiber, to determine a presence of the RPW from the first optical signal, a temperature at a location along the optical fiber from the second optical signals, and a moisture at a location around the tree from the third optical signal.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first optical signal is a Rayleigh signal claim 1 , which is reflected in the optical fiber claim 1 , the second optical signal includes Stokes Raman and Anti-Stokes Raman signals reflected in the optical fiber claim 1 , and the third optical signal includes Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) signals generated by FBGs formed in the optical fiber.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first and second optical signals are simultaneously propagating through the optical fiber while the third optical signal is propagating through the optical fiber when the first and second optical signals are off.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the DAS box comprises:a laser device configured to generate a first optical pulse, which, after propagating through the optical fiber, generates the first and second optical ...

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10-06-2021 дата публикации

Methods and apparatus for determining shape parameter(s) using a sensing fiber having a single core with multiple light propagating modes

Номер: US20210172768A1
Принадлежит: Intuitive Surgical Operations Inc

Example embodiments include an optical interrogation system with a sensing fiber having a single core, the single core having multiple light propagating modes. Interferometric apparatus probes the single core multimode sensing fiber over a range of predetermined wavelengths and detects measurement interferometric data associated with the multiple light propagating modes of the single core for each predetermined wavelength in the range. Data processing circuitry processes the measurement interferometric data associated with the multiple light propagating modes of the single core to determine one or more shape-sensing parameters of the sensing fiber from which the shape of the fiber in three dimensions can be determined.

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02-06-2016 дата публикации

ABLATION NEEDLE INCLUDING FIBER BRAGG GRATING

Номер: US20160151111A1
Автор: Kerr Duane E.
Принадлежит:

A surgical device is disclosed, and includes a probe having a handle assembly and an electrode assembly extending distally therefrom. An optical member is disposed on the probe and has a first set of light transmitting properties corresponding to a first set of physical parameters of the probe. The probe is configured to transition to a second set of physical parameters, the second set of physical parameters being different from the first set of physical parameters. The optical member is configured to transition from the first set of light transmitting properties to a second set of light transmitting properties, the second set of light transmitting properties corresponding to the second set of physical parameters, the second set of light transmitting properties being different from the first set of light transmitting properties. 114-. (canceled)15. A method of measuring characteristics of an electrosurgical device , comprising:providing an electrosurgical device including a probe having a handle assembly and an electrode assembly extending therefrom, a light transmissive member disposed on the probe, the light transmissive member including a spaced plurality of segments configured to reflect at least one wavelength of light and transmit at least one wavelength of light;projecting light through the light transmissive member;measuring a first wavelength of light transmitted through the light transmissive member;inserting the probe into an object such that a force is applied to the probe;measuring a second wavelength of light transmitted through the light transmissive member after the force is applied; andcomparing the first wavelength of light to the second wavelength of light to determine a change in spacing between the plurality of segments resulting from the force.16. The method of claim 15 , wherein comparing the first wavelength of light to the second wavelength of light includes determining the amount of mechanical strain experienced by the probe.17. The method ...

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02-06-2016 дата публикации

Method And System For Absolute Three-Dimensional Measurements Using A Twist-Insensitive Shape Sensor

Номер: US20160151121A1
Принадлежит:

An apparatus includes a reference fixture. The reference fixture includes a joint, and a joint tracker to track motion of the joint. The apparatus also includes a surgical instrument. A tether is connected between the joint and the surgical instrument. A shape sensor extends from the reference fixture through the joint, through the tether, and into the surgical instrument. The shape sensor is substantially free of twist. The joint tracker measures the motion of the joint. Information from the shape sensor in combination with information from the joint tracker provides absolute three-dimensional information relative to the reference fixture, i.e., provides absolute three-dimensional information in a fixed world reference frame. 1. An apparatus comprising:a reference fixture including a joint;a surgical instrument;a tether connected between the joint and the surgical instrument; and wherein the shape sensor is substantially free of twist in the tether, and', 'wherein information from the shape sensor is used in generating absolute three-dimensional information relative to a fixed world reference frame., 'a shape sensor extending from the reference fixture through the joint, through the tether, and into the surgical instrument,'}2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the reference fixture further comprises:a joint tracker wherein the joint tracker tracks motion of the joint and wherein information from the joint tracker in combination with the information from the shape sensor is used in the generating the absolute three-dimensional information relative to the fixed world reference frame.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the joint has only one degree of freedom.4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the joint comprises a roll joint and the one degree of freedom is roll.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the joint has no degrees of freedom.6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the shape sensor includes a known feature upon entering the surgical instrument.7. The ...

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15-09-2022 дата публикации

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR INTERROGATING AN OPTICAL FIBER SENSOR OF THE FIBER BRAGG GRATING TYPE, USING A TUNABLE OPTICAL BANDPASS FILTER

Номер: US20220291024A1
Принадлежит: BREMBO S.p.A.

A method for interrogating an FBG sensor includes lighting the FBG sensor with a broadband excitation optical radiation, conveying the optical spectrum transmitted or reflected by the FBG sensor to a tunable optical BPF having a first extraction port and a second transmission port, tuning the optical BPF at a constant operating wavelength, depending on nominal operating wavelength of the FBG sensor, detecting a first optical signal exiting the first extraction port, converting, by a first opto-electronic receiver, the first optical signal into a first electrical signal, representative of a wavelength shift of the spectrum transmitted or reflected by the FBG sensor, detecting a second optical signal exiting the second transmission port, converting the second optical signal, by a second opto-electronic receiver, into a second electrical signal, representative of an optical reference power, and determining the wavelength shift of the spectrum transmitted or reflected by FBG sensor, based on detected first and second electrical signals. A system for interrogating an FBG sensor is also provided. 122-. (canceled)23. A method for interrogating at least one optical fiber sensor of Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) type , said method comprising:lighting said at least one FBG sensor with a broadband excitation optical radiation;conveying an optical spectrum transmitted or reflected by the at least one FBG sensor into at least one tunable optical bandpass filter (BPF) comprising a first extraction port and a second transmission port which are complementary to each other;tuning the at least one tunable optical bandpass filter BPF at a constant operating wavelength, depending on a nominal operating wavelength of the fiber Bragg grating of the at least one FBG sensor;detecting a first optical signal exiting the first extraction port of the at least one tunable optical BPF, said first optical signal being a narrow-band optical filtering of the transmission or reflection spectrum of the ...

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31-05-2018 дата публикации

FIBRE-OPTIC COMMUNICATION SYSTEM, A COMMUNICATION APPARATUS FOR THE SAME, AND A VEHICLE

Номер: US20180149498A1
Принадлежит:

A communication apparatus for a fibre-optic communication system for an aircraft that includes: an optical coupler; an input port optically coupled to the optical coupler via a first waveguide, the input port arranged to receive light; a modulator optically coupled to the optical coupler via a second waveguide, the modulator having a logic input and a fibre having a fibre Bragg grating (FBG) receiving light from the input port via the optical coupler, the modulator operable to vary a strain force applied to the fibre according to a logic signal received at the logic input to modulate a wavelength of a modulated light signal reflected by the FBG back to the optical coupler; and an output port optically coupled to the optical coupler via a third waveguide to receive the modulated light signal therefrom, the output port being operable to output the modulated light signal. 1. A communication apparatus for a fibre-optic communication system , the apparatus comprising:an optical coupler;an input port optically coupled to the optical coupler via a first waveguide, the input port being arranged to receive light;a modulator optically coupled to the optical coupler via a second waveguide, the modulator comprising a logic input and a fibre having a fibre Bragg grating (FBG) arranged to receive the light from the input port via the optical coupler, the modulator being operable to vary a strain force applied to the fibre according to a logic signal received at the logic input to modulate a wavelength of a modulated light signal reflected by the FBG back to the optical coupler; andan output port optically coupled to the optical coupler via a third waveguide so as to receive the modulated light signal therefrom, the output port being operable to output the modulated light signal.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the logic signal is an electrical signal claim 1 , and wherein the modulator comprises a transducer physically coupled to the fibre and in electrical communication ...

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31-05-2018 дата публикации

OPTICAL SENSOR DEVICE, SENSOR APPARATUS AND CABLE

Номер: US20180149532A1
Принадлежит: Fugro Technology B.V.

The invention relates to an optical sensor device comprising a reference body and at least one sensing transducer. The sensing transducer is arranged for receiving an input action, and is movably arranged relative to the reference body for moving relative to the reference body in response to the input action. The device further comprises an optical fiber and one or more transmission arms including a first transmission arm. The optical fiber comprises an intrinsic fiber optic sensor. The optical fiber is connected with a first connecting part thereof to the first transmission arm and with a second connecting part thereof to an element exterior to said first transmission arm. The first connecting part and the second connecting part are on either side of the intrinsic fiber optic sensor. For receiving the input action, a base of the first transmission arm is connected at a first part thereof with the reference body and with a second part thereof with the sensing transducer. The optical fiber is connected at a location along the first transmission arm remote from the base thereby converting the input action received by the sensing transducer into a sensing action applied to the optical fiber such as to modify strain in the optical fiber dependent on said input action. 1. An optical sensor device comprising:a reference body and at least one sensing transducer, wherein the sensing transducer is arranged for receiving an input action and is movably arranged relative to the reference body for moving relative to the reference body in response to the input action;an optical fiber and one or more transmission arms, wherein the optical fiber comprises an intrinsic fiber optic sensor and is connected with a first connecting part thereof to a first transmission arm of the one or more transmission arms and with a second connecting part thereof to an element exterior to the first transmission arm, the first connecting part and the second connecting part being on either side of the ...

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17-06-2021 дата публикации

APPARATUS FOR OPTICAL APPLICATIONS, SPECTROMETER SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING AN APPARATUS FOR OPTICAL APPLICATIONS

Номер: US20210181021A1
Автор: Waltermann Christian
Принадлежит: FiSens GmbH

The present invention relates to an apparatus for optical applications, a spectrometer system and method for producing an apparatus for optical applications, and in particular to an apparatus comprising an optical waveguide having a first refractive index along a light propagation axis interrupted by a plurality of scattering portions having a second refractive index. Each scattering portion has a long axis substantially perpendicular to the light propagation axis as well as a short axis substantially perpendicular to the light propagation axis and the long axis. A receiver unit or a transmitter unit is arranged on a side of the optical waveguide, the long axis being substantially perpendicular, i.e. normal to the plane of this side on which the receiver unit or transmitter unit is arranged. Accordingly, simplification and miniaturization of an optical apparatus can be realized. 114.-. (canceled)15. An apparatus for optical applications , comprising:an optical waveguide configured to guide light along a light propagation axis and having a first refractive index along the light propagation axis interrupted by a plurality of portions having a second refractive index, wherein each portion of the plurality of portions has a long axis perpendicular to the light propagation axis and a short axis perpendicular to the light propagation axis and the long axis, the short axis being shorter than the long axis; anda receiver arranged on a side of the optical waveguide,wherein the receiver is arranged so as to receive light scattered from the plurality of portions.16. The apparatus for optical applications according to claim 15 , wherein the receiver comprises optical detectors arranged in a line for detecting the light scattered from the plurality of portions claim 15 , the line of the optical detectors being parallel to the light propagation axis.17. A spectrometer system claim 16 , comprising a light source and the apparatus according to claim 16 , wherein light of the light ...

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09-06-2016 дата публикации

Method And System For Absolute Three-Dimensional Measurements Using A Twist-Insensitive Shape Sensor

Номер: US20160157944A1
Принадлежит: Intuitive Surgical Operations Inc

An apparatus includes a reference fixture. The reference fixture includes a joint, and a joint tracker to track motion of the joint. The apparatus also includes a surgical instrument. A tether is connected between the joint and the surgical instrument. A shape sensor extends from the reference fixture through the joint, through the tether, and into the surgical instrument. The shape sensor is substantially free of twist. The joint tracker measures the motion of the joint. Information from the shape sensor in combination with information from the joint tracker provides absolute three-dimensional information relative to the reference fixture, i.e., provides absolute three-dimensional information in a fixed world reference frame.

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01-06-2017 дата публикации

A device and system for detecting dynamic strain

Номер: US20170153154A1
Принадлежит: Hifi Engineering Inc

A device and system for detecting dynamic strain. The device comprises a longitudinally extending carrier and an optical fiber embedded along an outer surface of a length of the carrier. The optical fiber comprises at least one pair of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) tuned to reflect substantially identical wavelengths. The system comprises the device and an interrogator comprising a laser source and a photodetector. The interrogator is configured to perform interferometry by shining laser light along the optical fiber and detecting light reflected by the FBGs. The interrogator outputs dynamic strain measurements based on interferometry performed on the reflected light.

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07-06-2018 дата публикации

Optical fiber sensor

Номер: US20180156641A1
Автор: Masahito Wakahara
Принадлежит: Cmiws Co Ltd

An optical fiber sensor according to the present invention is provided with a first fixation member which fixes an optical fiber on a base at a fixation position set on the base in a state where FBGs are arranged in one side of the fixation position and the other side of the fixation position respectively. Also, in one side of the fixation position, a second fixation member which fixes the optical fiber on the base in a state where tension is applied to a first FBG is provided. Further, in the other side of the fixation position, a third fixation member which fixes the optical fiber on the base in a state where tension which is different from the tension applied to the first FBG is applied to the second FBG and the Bragg wavelength of the second FBG is different from that of the first FBG is provided.

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07-06-2018 дата публикации

OPTICAL SENSOR DEVICE, SENSOR APPARATUS, CABLE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING

Номер: US20180156643A1
Принадлежит: Fugro Technology B.V.

The invention is directed at an optical sensor device, comprising a sensing element for receiving an input action, an optical fiber comprising an intrinsic fiber optic sensor, and a transmission structure arranged for exerting a sensing action on the optical fiber in response to the input action received by the sensing element, wherein the optical fiber in a first connecting part thereof is connected to a reference body and wherein the optical fiber in a second connecting part thereof is to the transmission structure for receiving the sensing action, the first connecting part and the second connecting part of the optical fiber being located on either side of the intrinsic fiber optic sensor, wherein the transmission structure comprises a bi-stable spring having a first and a second stable deflection position and a negative stiffness range around an unstable equilibrium position between the first and second stable deflection position, and wherein the optical fiber between the transmission structure and the reference body is pre-stressed such as to be tensed, said optical fiber thereby acting as a spring having a first spring constant of positive value, wherein the optical fiber thereby counteracts a spring action of the bi-stable spring such as to operate the bi-stable spring in a deflection position range within the negative stiffness range, the deflection position range not including the unstable equilibrium position of the bi-stable spring. 1. An optical sensor device , comprising:a sensing element for receiving an input action;an optical fiber comprising an intrinsic fiber optic sensor; anda transmission structure arranged for exerting a sensing action on the optical fiber in response to the input action received by the sensing element, wherein the optical fiber in a first connecting part thereof is connected to a reference body and the optical fiber in a second connecting part thereof is connected to the transmission structure for receiving the sensing action, ...

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08-06-2017 дата публикации

FIBER-OPTIC SENSOR AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION AND USE THEREOF

Номер: US20170160109A1
Принадлежит:

A fiber optic sensor may be provided comprising an optical waveguide having at least one first core and a cladding surrounding the first core, wherein the first core extends substantially over the entire length of the optical waveguide and at least one Bragg grating is introduced into the first core, wherein the Bragg grating has an elongated cross section, wherein the short semi-axis is smaller than the diameter of the first core and the center of gravity of the cross section of the at least one Bragg grating lies on the axis of symmetry of the optical waveguide. A method may be provided for determining torsion with such a sensor. A method for the production of such a sensor may be provided. 1. A fiber optic sensor with an optical waveguide , the optical waveguide having at least one first core and a cladding surrounding the first core , wherein the first core extends substantially over the entire length of the optical waveguide and at least one Bragg grating is introduced into the first core ,whereinthe at least one Bragg grating has an elongated cross section, wherein the short semi-axis is smaller than the diameter of the first core and the center of gravity of the cross section of the at least one Bragg grating lies on the axis of symmetry of the optical waveguide.2. The fiber optic sensor of claim 1 , wherein both semi-axes are smaller than the diameter of the core.3. The fiber optic sensor of claim 2 , wherein the fiber optic sensor has a plurality of Bragg gratings with elliptical cross sections that are disposed spaced from one another in the first core claim 2 , wherein the orientation of the elongated cross sections is the same.4. The fiber optic sensor of claim 3 , wherein the lattice constants of the individual Bragg gratings are different from one another.5. The fiber optic sensor of claim 1 , further comprising at least one second core which is at least partially surrounded by the cladding claim 1 , wherein the longitudinal extension of the second ...

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14-05-2020 дата публикации

Method and device for telemetry in acoustic arrays technical field

Номер: US20200150301A1
Принадлежит: Northrop Grumman Systems Corp

A data telemetry system and method digitizes acoustic sensor data. Acoustic sensor data is digitized and used to apply strain to a series of Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) in a fiber. Each FBG is assigned a nominal wavelength. A wavelength interrogator launches wavelengths into the fiber and scans the reflected wavelengths from the FBGs. A data telemetry rate of at least 5 kHz may be achieved. Acoustic sensors may be part of undersea acoustic sensing arrays with large element counts having reduced system cabling and improved Size, Weight and Power (SWaP). The system and method realizes low power loss per array element and efficient multiplexing of many data streams in a small form factor.

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24-06-2021 дата публикации

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REAL TIME RESPIRATORY GATING SIGNAL GENERATION AND DETECTION OF BODY DEFORMATION USING EMBEDDED FIBER BRAGG GRATINGS

Номер: US20210190549A1
Автор: Bhattacharya Manojeet
Принадлежит:

A garment for real time detection of body deformation during an image scan includes a front portion, made of a compression material and having a plurality of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs). The garment includes a plurality of light emitters, each light emitter configured to pulse light waves through a corresponding FBGs and a plurality of light sensors, each light sensor attached to a corresponding FBG and configured to receive pulsed light waves. A processor obtains data through a data acquisition module configured to receive from the light sensors peak wavelengths reflected by the FBG Based on the effective shifts of the Bragg wavelengths of the FBGs aligned along the cartesian coordinate system, the processor may correct acquired image data or re-direct an external beam treatment to compensate for body deformation during an image scan. 1. (canceled)2. (canceled)3. A garment for real time detection of body deformation during an image scan , comprising:a front portion, made of a compression material and having a plurality of plurality of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs), the front portion disposed on top of a body, the FBGs aligned along a predetermined coordinate system;a plurality of light emitters, each light emitter configured to pulse light waves through a corresponding FBGs;a plurality of light sensors, each light sensor attached to a corresponding FBG and configured to receive pulsed light waves; and a data acquisition module configured to receive from the light sensors peak wavelengths reflected by the FBG;', 'a comparator configured to determine the effective shifts of Bragg wavelengths due to axial strain on the FBGs, and', 'a controller configured to control the movement of the body through a cavity in a scanning device and to control the acquisition of image data during body deformation based on the effective shifts of the Bragg wavelengths of the FBGs., 'a processor including4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. A garment for real time detection of body ...

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25-06-2015 дата публикации

Optical sensor

Номер: US20150177132A1
Автор: Ralf-Dieter Pechstedt
Принадлежит: OXSENSIS LTD

An optical sensor is described for distinguishing between liquids of different refractive index, through strength of interference caused by an optical cavity having an exposed optical boundary in contact with such liquids. The sensor may be used, for example, to distinguish between water and aviation fuel in an aircraft fuel tank.

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06-06-2019 дата публикации

BIREFRINGENT MULTI-PEAK OPTICAL REFERENCE ELEMENT AND BIREFRINGENT SENSOR SYSTEM

Номер: US20190170609A1
Автор: Taverner Domino
Принадлежит:

Certain aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to an optical reference element having a wavelength spectrum comprising a plurality of wavelength functions having wavelength peaks spaced over a range of wavelengths, wherein adjacent wavelength functions are due to two orthogonal birefringence axes in the optical reference element. Aspects of the present disclosure may eliminate the drift issues associated with residual polarization and polarization dependent loss (PDL) with respect to grating-based sensor and reference element measurements. 1. A reference optical sensor comprising a core with a modulated refractive index , wherein:in response to light introduced into the reference optical sensor, the modulated refractive index is configured to produce a wavelength spectrum comprising multiple pairs of wavelength functions having wavelength peaks spaced over a range of wavelengths; andadjacent wavelength functions in each pair are due to two orthogonal birefringence axes in the reference optical sensor.2. The reference optical sensor of claim 1 , wherein the wavelength peaks are uniformly spaced over at least a portion of the range of wavelengths at a particular temperature and pressure.3. The reference optical sensor of claim 1 , wherein edges of the adjacent wavelength functions do not significantly overlap.4. The reference optical sensor of claim 1 , wherein the adjacent wavelength functions are distinguishable over a range of environmental operating conditions for the reference optical sensor.5. The reference optical sensor of claim 1 , further comprising:a stress feature configured to generate the two orthogonal birefringence axes for light propagated in the core; anda cladding surrounding the core and the stress feature.6. The reference optical sensor of claim 5 , wherein an outer diameter of the cladding is at least 0.3 mm.7. The reference optical sensor of claim 5 , wherein the stress feature has an elliptical shape in cross-section.8. The ...

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06-06-2019 дата публикации

METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE CURVATURE AND/OR TORSION OF AN OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE

Номер: US20190170930A1
Принадлежит:

A method for determining a curvature and/or torsion of an optical waveguide of a fibre-optic sensor, comprising at least two Bragg gratings introduced into the optical waveguide and extending through a common cross-sectional plane, situated in a radial direction, through the optical waveguide, wherein the Bragg gratings are introduced in the core and/or on the boundary between the core and the cladding and/or in an inner edge region of the cladding within an evanescence region of the light, the method comprising: providing reference data of intensities of reflected light portions of light coupled into the optical waveguide, in particular depending on known reference deformations of the optical waveguide, measuring at least one light intensity of reflected light portions of light coupled into the optical waveguide, wherein the optical waveguide has a deformation to be determined, and determining the deformation by comparing the light intensity with the reference data. 1. A method for determining a curvature and/or torsion of an optical waveguide of a fiber-optic sensor comprising an optical waveguide having an axial direction oriented in a light propagation direction and a radial direction oriented perpendicular thereto , wherein the optical waveguide has a core , which extends centrally in the axial direction and runs at least substantially over the entire length of the optical waveguide , for conducting light , and a cladding , which surrounds the core in the radial direction , and wherein a section of the optical waveguide extends in the axial direction and has a plurality of Bragg gratings including a first Bragg grating and a second Bragg grating , which are introduced therein and extend through a common cross-sectional plane , situated in the radial direction , through the optical waveguide , wherein the Bragg gratings are inserted in the core and/or on a boundary between the core and the cladding and/or in an inner edge region of the cladding within an ...

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13-06-2019 дата публикации

FIBER BRAGG GRATING DEMODULATION DEVICE CAPABLE OF SUPRESSING FLUCTUATIONS AT VARIABLE AMBIENT TEMPERATURE AND DEMODULATION METHOD THEREOF

Номер: US20190178688A1
Принадлежит: TIANJIN UNIVERSITY

The present invention discloses a Fiber Bragg Grating demodulation device with a suppressed fluctuation at a variable ambient temperature and a demodulation method. The device comprises a broadband light source (), an optical attenuator (), a tunable F-P filter (), a first optical fiber isolator (), an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier (), an optical fiber first-stage beam splitter (), a first optical fiber second-stage beam splitter (), optical fiber circulators (), FBG sensor arrays (), a first photoelectric detector array (), an optical fiber gas cell (), a second optical fiber second-stage beam splitter (), an optical fiber F-P etalon (), a notch filter (), an optical fiber assisted interferometer (), a data acquisition card () and a processor (). 11234156718916110721112171813421415162. A Fiber Bragg Grating demodulation device for suppressing fluctuation at a variable ambient temperature , wherein the device comprises a broadband light source () , an optical attenuator () , a tunable F-P filter () , a first optical fiber isolator () , an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier () , an optical fiber first-stage beam splitter () , a first optical fiber second-stage beam splitter () , optical fiber circulators () , Fiber Bragg Grating sensor arrays () , a first photoelectric detector array () , an optical fiber gas cell () , a second optical fiber second-stage beam splitter () , an optical fiber F-P etalon () , a notch filter () , a data acquisition card () , a processor () , and an optical fiber assisted interferometer () consisting of a second optical fiber isolator () , an optical fiber coupler () , a Faraday polarizer () and a second photoelectric detector array ();{'b': 1', '2', '3', '3', '5', '41', '6', '71', '9', '8', '16', '8', '10', '16', '72', '11', '12', '16', '13', '42', '15', '14', '11', '3', '16', '16', '18', '17, 'wherein light emitted from the broadband light source () is processed by the optical attenuator () to satisfy the optical power ...

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04-06-2020 дата публикации

Waveguide for guiding an electro-magnetic wave, a photonic integrated circuit component, a sensor and an actuator

Номер: US20200174186A1

A photonic integrated circuit component, a sensor and an actuator comprising the waveguide are disclosed.

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05-07-2018 дата публикации

System for determining and monitoring at least one process variable of a medium

Номер: US20180188081A1

A system for determining a process variable of a medium arranged in a container is disclosed, including an optical fiber Bragg sensor with an optical waveguide with a fiber Bragg grating, a signal generating unit designed to generate an optical input signal and couple it into the waveguide, a receiving unit designed to receive an optical output signal from the waveguide and converts it into an electrical output signal, and an evaluating unit which determines the process variable using the electrical output signal, wherein a subsection of the optical waveguide is arranged inside or in a wall of the container, the subsection designed such that the fiber Bragg grating is affected by the process variable to be determined of the medium.

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22-07-2021 дата публикации

Method And Apparatus For Real Time Respiratory Gating Signal Generation And Detection Of Body Deformation Using Embedded Fiber Bragg Gratings

Номер: US20210223068A1
Автор: Bhattacharya Manojeet
Принадлежит:

A method and system of compensating for body deformation during image acquisition or external beam treatment includes acquiring image data of a body and peak wavelength data from a plurality of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) disposed on the body aligned along a predetermined coordinate system on the body, such as a cartesian coordinate system. The method further comprises detecting effective shifts of the Bragg wavelengths of the FBGs caused by body deformation during image acquisition, and controlling the movement of the body through a cavity in a scanning device and controlling the acquisition of the image data or external beam treatment during body deformation based on the effective shifts of the Bragg wavelengths of the FBGs. 1. A method of compensating for body deformation during image acquisition , the method comprising:acquiring image data of a body;acquiring peak wavelength data from a plurality of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) disposed on the body, the FBGs aligned along a predetermined coordinate system;detecting effective shifts of the Bragg wavelengths of the FBGs caused by body deformation during image acquisition; andcontrolling the movement of the body through a cavity in a scanning device and controlling the acquisition of the image data during body deformation based on the effective shifts of the Bragg wavelengths of the FBGs.2. The method of wherein the image data is acquired from a computed tomography (CT) scan claim 1 , magnetic resonance imaging (MM) scan claim 1 , positron emission tomography (PET) scan claim 1 , or single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scan.3. The method of wherein the predetermined coordinate system is a cartesian coordinate system.4. The method of wherein the effective shifts of the Bragg wavelengths measure strain along dual-axis.5. The method of further comprising:identifying an object within the body;and estimating movement of the object by correlating the acquired image data with the effective shifts of the Bragg ...

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12-07-2018 дата публикации

OPTICAL FIBER AND METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ACCURATE FIBER OPTIC SENSING UNDER MULTIPLE STIMULI

Номер: US20180195856A1
Принадлежит:

An optical fiber includes primary optical core(s) having a first set of properties and secondary optical core(s) having a second set of properties. The primary set of properties includes a first temperature response, and the secondary set of properties includes a second temperature response sufficiently different from the first temperature response to allow a sensing apparatus when coupled to the optical fiber to distinguish between temperature and strain on the optical fiber. A method and apparatus interrogate an optical fiber having one or more primary optical cores with a first temperature response and one or more secondary optical cores with a second temperature response. Interferometric measurement data associated with each primary and secondary optical core are detected when the optical fiber is placed into a sensing position. Compensation parameter(s) is(are) determined to compensate for measurement errors caused by temperature variations along the optical fiber based on a difference between the first temperature response of the primary cores and the second temperature response of the secondary cores. The detected data are compensated using the compensation parameter(s). 1. An optical fiber comprising:one or more primary optical cores having a first set of properties;one or more secondary optical cores having a second set of properties;wherein the primary set of properties includes a first temperature response and the secondary set of properties includes a second temperature response sufficiently different from the first temperature response to allow a sensing apparatus when coupled to the optical fiber to distinguish between temperature and strain on the optical fiber, andwherein the one or more primary optical cores and the one or more secondary optical cores are helically twisted.2. The optical fiber in claim 1 , wherein the optical fiber is configured as a temperature sensor that senses temperature independently from strain.3. The optical fiber in claim 1 ...

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13-07-2017 дата публикации

Multi-parameter Sensing based on Few-mode Fiber Bragg Gratings using Femtosecond IR Laser

Номер: US20170199093A1
Автор: Ting Wang, Yi Weng
Принадлежит: NEC Laboratories America Inc

A sensor system includes a femtosecond infrared (fs-IR) laser to generate a laser beam; a reflecting mirror optically receiving the laser beam; a lens optically coupled to the reflecting mirror to focus the laser beam; a phase mask receiving the laser beam from the lens to generate an index modulated pattern; and a few-mode fiber (FMF) receiving the index modulated pattern.

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27-06-2019 дата публикации

FLUID ANALYSIS SYSTEM BASED ON INTEGRATED COMPUTING ELEMENT TECHNOLOGY AND FIBER BRAGG GRATING RADIOMETRY

Номер: US20190195663A1
Принадлежит:

A device for fluid analysis including an integrated computational element (ICE), a sample cell that optically interacts the ICE with a sample to generate a computation light associated with a characteristic of the sample, and a fiber sensor that receives the computation light and converts the computation light into a heat, is provided. The fiber sensor is coupled with a detector through an optical link, and is configured to return a portion of probe light through the optical link to the detector based on the heat converted. A method for using the device for performing fluid analysis is provided. A system for fluid analysis including at least one device as above is also provided. 1. A device , comprising:an integrated computational element (ICE);a sample cell that optically interacts the ICE with a sample to generate computation light associated with a characteristic of the sample; anda fiber sensor that receives the computation light and converts the computation light into heat, the fiber sensor being communicably coupled with a detector through an optical link and configured to return a portion of probe light through the optical link to the detector according to the heat converted.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein an intensity of the computation light is proportional to the characteristic of the sample.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the probe light is selected from one of a plurality of telecommunications wavelength bands.4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the ICE includes a plurality of alternating layers of two materials having different indices of refraction claim 1 , each of the layers of material having a selected thickness so that an intensity of the computation light is proportional to the characteristic of the sample.5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the fiber sensor includes a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) that returns the portion of the probe light claim 1 , and wherein the FBG includes a core that is thermally coupled to a sensitive coating that ...

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19-07-2018 дата публикации

LOCATING WELLBORE FLOW PATHS BEHIND DRILL PIPE

Номер: US20180202281A1
Принадлежит: Halliburton Energy Services Inc.

A drilling system includes a string of drill pipe extending into a wellbore from a drilling platform. A Y-block junction is coupled to the string of drill pipe at the drilling platform and provides a pressure housing that defines a first conduit and a second conduit that converges with the first conduit. The pressure housing further defines an outlet configured to be coupled to the string of drill pipe extending into the wellbore. A lubricator is operatively coupled to the Y-block junction at the second conduit, and a cable having one or more optical fibers embedded therein is conveyed into the wellbore within the string of drill pipe via the lubricator and the Y-block junction. 1. A drilling system , comprising:a string of drill pipe extending into a wellbore from a drilling platform;a Y-block junction coupled to the string of drill pipe at the drilling platform and providing a pressure housing that defines a first conduit and a second conduit that converges with the first conduit, the pressure housing further defining an outlet configured to be coupled to the string of drill pipe extending into the wellbore;a lubricator operatively coupled to the Y-block junction at the second conduit; anda cable including one or more optical fibers and being conveyable into the wellbore within the string of drill pipe via the lubricator and the Y-block junction.2. The drilling system of claim 1 , wherein the cable comprises a composite slickline that includes:a polymer composite having the one or more optical fibers positioned therein; anda sheath disposed about the polymer composite and being made of a metal or a polymer.3. (canceled)4. The drilling system of claim 1 , further comprising a bottom hole assembly coupled to the string of drill pipe and including one or more sensor modules claim 1 , wherein at least one of the one or more optical fibers communicates with the one or more sensor modules to transmit measurement data obtained by the one or more sensor modules to a ...

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29-07-2021 дата публикации

OVERLAPPING FIBER GRATINGS

Номер: US20210231465A1
Принадлежит:

Described are optical fibers, e.g., for use in stress-sensing or shape-sensing applications, that use overlapping grating configurations with chirped gratings to facilitate strain delay registration. In accordance with various embodiments, a fiber core may, for instance, have two overlapping sets of chirped gratings that differ in the direction of the chirp between the first and second sets, or a set of chirped gratings overlapping with a single-frequency grating. Also described are strain sensing systems and associated computational methods employing optical fibers with overlapping gratings. 1. An optical fiber comprising:a fiber core having overlapping first and second sets of gratings, wherein the first set of gratings comprises one or more chirped gratings extending over a section of the fiber, and wherein the second set of gratings comprises one or more gratings extending over the section of the fiber, the one or more gratings of the second set of gratings not being chirped like the one or more chirped gratings of the first set of gratings; anda cladding surrounding the fiber core.2. The optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein the one or more gratings of the second set of gratings are chirped in an opposite direction to the one or more chirped gratings of the first set of gratings.3. The optical fiber of claim 2 , wherein the one or more chirped gratings of the first set and the one or more gratings of the second set have a common grating length.4. The optical fiber of claim 3 , wherein the one or more chirped gratings of the first set of gratings are offset relative to the one or more gratings of the second set of gratings by half the common grating length.5. The optical fiber of claim 3 , wherein a chirp rate of the one or more chirped gratings of the first set of gratings is equal in magnitude to a chirp rate of the one or more gratings of the second set of gratings.6. The optical fiber of claim 1 , further comprising a single-frequency grating claim 1 , wherein ...

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09-10-2014 дата публикации

Fiber-optic sensor device

Номер: US20140299753A1

Provided is a fiber-optic sensor device. The fiber-optic sensor device is capable of sensing a change in physical quantity by using two fiber Bragg grating units arranged within an optical fiber and a fiber-optic sensor unit arranged therebetween, thereby implementing a low cost fiber-optic grating sensor having a simple structure without requiring a reference FBG.

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27-07-2017 дата публикации

RESONATOR AND OPTICAL SENSOR USING THE SAME

Номер: US20170212306A1

There is provided a semi-circular resonator using a whispering gallery mode (WGM) and an optical sensor using the same. Accordingly, an active region that is a waveguide of an active layer in which laser oscillation is caused by gains of advancing beams is deeply etched in a semi-circular or semi-ring shape. 1. An optical sensor comprising:first and second resonators each formed to have a shape in which a waveguide is etched in a semi-circular or semi-ring shape from a section thereof;an optical detector for detecting a beating signal caused by interference of two output beams output from the first and second resonators; anda lens for refracting the two output beams, thereby outputting two parallel beams.2. The optical sensor of claim 1 , wherein the first and second resonators are located at a focal distance of the lens.3. The optical sensor of claim 1 , wherein the first resonator operates as a reference resonator claim 1 , andthe second resonator operates as a sensing resonator.4. The optical sensor of claim 1 , wherein the first and second resonators are aligned in parallel such that the section faces the optical detector.5. The optical sensor of claim 1 , wherein each of the first and second resonators includes a high reflective coating layer formed on the section.6. The optical sensor of claim 1 , wherein the two output beams are some of beams incident into the first resonator to form a whispering gallery mode (WGM) claim 1 , which are output through the section of the semi-circular or semi-ring-shaped waveguide.7. An optical sensor comprising:first and second resonators each formed to have a shape in which a waveguide is etched in a semi-circular or semi-ring shape from a section thereof;an optical detector for detecting a beating signal caused by interference of two output beams output from the first and second resonators;two DBRs integrated with the section to receive two output beams; anda coupler for coupling beams output from the two DBRs, thereby ...

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03-08-2017 дата публикации

OPTICAL FIBER SENSOR DEVICE

Номер: US20170219390A1
Принадлежит: Hitachi, Ltd.

It is made possible to amplify signal light of an optical fiber sensor and to perform measurement in a long distance. At least one of a plurality of core wires in a multicore optical fiber is used as a signal-light propagating core wire and the other is used as a reference-light propagating core wire . Also, homodyne detection of signal light and reference light reflected by an FBG sensor unit arranged in each measurement point is performed. Thus, signal light is amplified. In order to make a difference between optical path lengths of the signal light and the reference light equal to or smaller than a coherence length, an optical path-length adjustment unit including a piezoelectric element or the like is arranged in an optical path of the reference light. 1. An optical fiber sensor device comprising:a light source;an optical fiber sensor which includes a plurality of core wires arranged substantially in parallel and in which at least one core wire is used for signal light propagation, at least one other core wire is used for reference light propagation, FBG sensor units are provided in a plurality of places in a longitudinal direction, and a pair of FBGs having an identical Bragg wavelength is formed in the signal-light propagating core wire and the reference-light propagating core wire in each of the FBG sensor units;an interference optical system configured to multiplex signal light reflected from each of the FBG sensor units through the signal-light propagating core wire and reference light reflected through the reference-light propagating core wire and to generate a plurality of pieces of interference light with different phase relationships;a detection unit configured to detect the plurality of pieces of generated interference light; anda calculation unit configured to calculate an output of the detection unit and to generate a signal indicating intensity of the signal light.2. The optical fiber sensor device according to claim 1 , wherein the number of FBGs ...

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23-10-2014 дата публикации

Fiber-Optic Monitoring Cable

Номер: US20140312215A1

A cable for monitoring a tubular structure. The cable comprising a fiber optic bundle arranged for simultaneously sensing a plurality of parameters along a length of the tubular structure that the cable is interfaced with.

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20-08-2015 дата публикации

FIBER OPTIC CANTILEVER ACOUSTIC VECTOR SENSOR

Номер: US20150233739A1
Принадлежит:

An apparatus includes a rigid support and a first cantilever including a first optical fiber and a first rigid ribbon. The first optical fiber and the first ribbon, together include a first neutral surface. The first optical fiber is connected to the rigid support. The first optical fiber includes at least one first wave-guiding core running parallel to the first neutral surface. Each of the at least one first wave-guiding core includes at least one first reflector. The first rigid ribbon is affixed to the first optical fiber and to said first rigid support. The apparatus further includes a first membrane surrounding the first cantilever. 1. An apparatus comprising:a rigid support;a first cantilever comprising a first optical fiber and a first rigid ribbon, said first optical fiber and said first ribbon together comprising a first neutral surface, said first optical fiber being connected to said rigid support, said first optical fiber comprising at least one first wave-guiding core running parallel to the first neutral surface, each of the at least one first wave-guiding core comprising at least one first reflector, said first rigid ribbon being affixed to said first optical fiber and to said first rigid support; anda first membrane surrounding said first cantilever,2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein said rigid ribbon comprises one of a metal and a plastic.3. The apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein said metal comprises one of aluminum claim 2 , steel claim 2 , copper claim 2 , and brass.4. The apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising:a second cantilever comprising a second optical fiber and a second rigid ribbon, said second optical fiber and said second ribbon together comprising a second neutral surface, said second optical fiber being connected to said rigid support, said second optical fiber and said second ribbon being oriented perpendicular to said first optical fiber and said first ribbon, said second optical fiber comprising at ...

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19-08-2021 дата публикации

Surgical robotic user input apparatus having optical fiber-based intrinsic sensors

Номер: US20210251710A1
Принадлежит: Verb Surgical Inc

A surgical robotic user input apparatus has a fiber optic cable with a handheld user input device attached at one end, and a connector attached at another end. Multiple intrinsic sensors, such as fiber Bragg grating sensors, are in the fiber optic cable. The intrinsic sensors are used to detect a pose of the handheld user input device. Other embodiments are also described and claimed.

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09-07-2020 дата публикации

Process fiber and laser processing system in which same is used

Номер: US20200215650A1

A process fiber ( 20 ) includes a first light transmitter configured to transmit the processing laser beam emitted from a processing laser source ( 12 ) of a laser processing system ( 1 ); a measuring laser source ( 14 ); and a second light transmitter fixed to the first light transmitter along the length of the first light transmitter and configured to transmit the measuring laser beam emitted from the measuring laser source ( 14 ). The bending radius of the first light transmitter at a predetermined position is detected based on the measuring laser beam reflected by the second light transmitter.

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09-07-2020 дата публикации

STRAIN GAUGE ASSEMBLY, PARTICULARLY FOR AN AXLE COUNTER

Номер: US20200216103A1
Принадлежит:

A strain gauge arrangement for an axle counter has a strain sensor element, a carrier and a railway line structure that is to be monitored. At least one part of the carrier is maintained in an elastically deformed state by the structure when the carrier is secured to the structure. The carrier is formed from a first carrier piece and a second carrier piece, which lie opposite one another at a distance from one another. The strain sensor element has one first fixing point fixed to the first carrier piece, and one second fixing point fixed to the second carrier piece, and a middle section mounted between the fixing points which are not fixed to the first or second carrier piece. The strain gauge arrangement is simple to handle and a drop can be reliably detected and a strain state of the strain sensor element can be predetermined more easily. 1. A strain gauge arrangement for an axle counter , comprising:at least one strain sensor element, being an optical fiber with a fiber Bragg grating;a carrier to which the at least one strain sensor element is fastened; anda structure to be monitored, the structure being a railroad track, to which the carrier is fastened;wherein at least a part of the carrier is kept in an elastically deformed state by the structure when the carrier is fastened to the structure;wherein the carrier is embodied with a first carrier piece and a second carrier piece, which oppose one another in spaced apart fashion;wherein the at least one strain sensor element is fastened to the first carrier piece with at least one first fixing point, to the second carrier piece with at least one second fixing point, and to neither the first nor the second carrier piece with a central section between the fixing points;wherein the part of the carrier which is kept in an elastically deformed state by the structure when the carrier is fastened to the structure comprises a leaf spring element, a support element for support on the structure when the carrier is fastened ...

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18-07-2019 дата публикации

High-Rate Fiber-Optical Distributed Acoustic Sensing

Номер: US20190219441A1
Автор: Cedilnik Gregor
Принадлежит:

A method of high rate fiber optical distributed acoustic sensing includes injecting a first coherent light pattern comprising first light into an optical cable, the optical cable having at least a first reflector pair and a second reflector pair arranged at different positions along the optical cable; injecting a second coherent light pattern comprising second light into the optical cable while first backscatter light of the first light pattern is propagating in the optical cable; detecting first reflected light originating from reflection of the first light pattern from the first reflector pair and/or the second reflector pair; and, at a different interval in time: detecting second reflected light originating from reflection of the second light pattern from the first reflector pair and/or the second reflector pair. 1. A method of high rate fiber optical distributed acoustic sensing , the method comprising:injecting a first coherent light pattern comprising first light into an optical cable, the optical cable having at least a first reflector pair and a second reflector pair arranged at different positions along the optical cable;injecting a second coherent light pattern comprising second light into the optical cable while first backscatter light of the first light pattern is propagating in the optical cable;detecting first reflected light originating from reflection of the first light pattern from at least one of the first reflector pair and the second reflector pair; and,at a different interval in time:detecting second reflected light originating from reflection of the second light pattern from at least one of the first reflector pair and the second reflector pair.2. The method according to claim 1 ,wherein the first light pattern and the second light pattern are injected according to a forward direction,wherein the first backscatter light, the first reflected light and the second reflected light propagate according to a backward direction being opposite to the ...

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18-07-2019 дата публикации

NOISE MANAGEMENT FOR OPTICAL TIME DELAY INTERFEROMETRY

Номер: US20190219478A1
Принадлежит: Adelos, Inc.

An integrated fiber interferometry interrogator for generating superimposed waves is disclosed. The system is optimized for efficiency and vibration attenuation. The system comprises an optical light source for generating a first signal, a first signal splitter which splits the first signal into a reference signal and an interrogation signal, optical modulators for modulating the signals, a fiber coupler connected to a fiber under test, an isolator, a circulator with a plurality of connections for directing the signals, a signal mixer for mixing the signals into superimposed waves, and photo diodes for receiving the superimposed waves. 1. An integrated fiber optic interferometry interrogator system to generate superimposed waves , the system comprising:an optical light source, wherein the optical light source generates a first signal;a first signal splitter coupled to an output of the optical light source, wherein the first signal splitter splits the first signal into a reference signal and an interrogation signal;a first optical modulator to modulate the reference signal;a second optical modulator to modulate the interrogation signal;a fiber coupler connected to a fiber under test; a first connection of the plurality of connections receives the modulated interrogation signal,', 'a second connection of the plurality of connections transmits the modulated interrogation signal through the optical coupler and receives from the optical coupler a modulated signal backscattered from the fiber under test, and', 'a third connection of the plurality of connections that transmits through an isolator the modulated signal backscattered from the fiber under test;, 'a circulator comprising a plurality of connections, wherein'} receive the reference signal modulated by the first optical modulator,', 'mix the two received signals into the superimposed waves, and', 'transmit the superimposed waves into a plurality of photo diodes, wherein one or more of the photo diodes output an RF ...

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18-08-2016 дата публикации

Method and System for Tracking the Centre of a Peak from a plurality of Sample Points in an Optical System

Номер: US20160239464A1
Принадлежит: FAZ Technology Limited

A system and method of determining the centre of a peak of data points of an optical sensor are disclosed. The method can comprise the steps of performing an initial setup measurement of the sample points and extracting a peak; fitting the peak with a function that uses at least one of the peak's width, amplitude and centre offset as fitting parameters; producing a set of linear equations which when solved calculate the optimum fit of a function to the peak assuming the previously calculated peak's width; and performing subsequent measurements of the data points to fmd peaks and solving the set of linear equations to determine the centre of the peaks. 1. A method to determine the centre of a peak of data points obtained from an optical sensor , the method comprising:performing an initial setup measurement of sample points of the optical sensor and extracting a peak;fitting, by utilizing instructions from memory that are executed by a processor, the peak with a fitting function that uses at least one of the peak's width, amplitude, the centre offset as fitting parameters, or a combination thereof;producing a set of linear equations which when solved calculate the optimum fit of a function to the peak assuming the previously calculated peak's width;performing subsequent measurements of the data points to find peaks; andsolving the set of linear equations to determine the centre of the measured peaks.2. The method of wherein the fitting function comprises a sinusoidal function.3. The method of wherein performing subsequent measurements of the data points to find peaks comprises interrogating an optical sensor.4. The method of wherein performing subsequent measurements of the data points to find peaks comprises interrogating a FBG claim 1 , etalon claim 1 , Gas Cell claim 1 , Fabry Perot Interferometer claim 1 , a Mach Zehnder Interferometer claim 1 , or a combination thereof.5. The method of wherein the centre of the measured peak moves within the measurement window ...

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03-09-2015 дата публикации

High-temperature-resistant metal-packaged fiber bragg grating sensor and manufacturing method therefor

Номер: US20150247744A1

A manufacturing method for a high-temperature-resistant metal-packaged fiber Bragg grating sensor includes using a regenerated fiber Bragg grating obtained via high-temperature annealing as a sensitive element so that the grating will not be erased when used at high temperature. The method also includes using a magnetron sputtering method which makes an optical fiber and metal combine better to form on the surface of the optical fiber an adhesive layer and a conductive layer, thereby causing little damage to optical fiber because of the absence of the processes of coarsening, sensitization, etc. of electroless plating and the fact that the method is performed in an anhydrous environment. After magnetron sputtering, the method includes using an electroplating method to thicken and deposit a protective layer, and embedding the optical fiber in a flexible-structure metallic substrate through the electroplating method to achieve the all-metal package.

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26-08-2021 дата публикации

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DETERMINING GRATING PERTURBATION BY MODULATED LIGHT

Номер: US20210262835A1
Принадлежит: Ariel Scientific Innovations Ltd.

A method of determining perturbation of a grating formed in an optical fiber, comprises: modulating and transmitting a light beam through the optical fiber, measuring at least one phase shift in a modulation of light reflected off the grating, and determining the perturbation of the grating based on the phase shift(s). 1. A method of determining perturbation of a grating formed in an optical fiber , the method comprising: modulating and transmitting a light beam through the optical fiber , measuring at least one phase shift in a modulation of light reflected off the grating , and determining the perturbation of the grating based on said at least one phase shift.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said modulating is executed before said transmitting.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said modulating is executed after said light beam is reflected off the grating.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said modulating is executed before said transmitting as well as after said light beam is reflected off the grating.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the optical fiber is formed with a plurality of gratings and wherein at least two of said gratings are characterized by different Bragg wavelengths.6. The method according to claim 5 , further comprising de-multiplexing said reflected light beam into at least two channels claim 5 , respectively corresponding to said different Bragg wavelengths claim 5 , prior to said measurement of said at least one phase shift.7. The method according to claim 5 , wherein said modulating comprises scanning a frequency of said modulation over a plurality of modulation frequencies claim 5 , wherein the method comprises measuring a modulation phase shift and modulation magnitude of light reflected off said at least two gratings for each modulation frequency claim 5 , and determining an individual optical wavelength or optical frequency shift for each of said at least two gratings claim 5 , based on said measured modulation phase shifts and ...

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25-08-2016 дата публикации

Optomechanical device with mechanical elements and optical filters for actuating and/or detecting the movement of the elements

Номер: US20160246000A1

An optomechanical device with mechanical elements and optical filters for actuating and/or detecting movement of the elements, including a support, and on the support: an array of mechanical elements anchored to the support and configured to move with respect thereto, and an actuating and/or detection device actuating the elements and/or detecting movement of the elements or frequency variations of the movement. The actuating and/or detection device includes an array of optical filters. Each filter resonates at a particular wavelength and is coupled to one of the elements. The actuating and/or detecting device is positioned in vicinity of all or some of the elements, between the elements and the support. The optical filters are fixed with respect to the support and the mechanical elements and the optical filters are superimposed.

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23-07-2020 дата публикации

POSITION DETECTION SYSTEM BY FIBER BRAGG GRATING BASED OPTICAL SENSORS IN SURGICAL FIELDS

Номер: US20200229872A1
Принадлежит:

A position detection system with fiber Bragg grating based optical sensors in surgical fields that enables real-time detection of the exact coordinates of the location to be operated in the human body in surgical fields. The position detection method with fiber Bragg grating based optical sensors in surgical fields, includes the steps of; obtaining data by Computerized Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and/or any other imaging method, mapping the data with the data received from a fiber Bragg grating based optical sensor device, detecting a position and/or an orientation of any point in an operated region in real-time by mapping the data, transferring the data mapped by defining a plurality of target points during an application and a target point defined by MRI, CT and/or any other imaging method continuously and in real-time to a monitor and/or a plurality of goggles in two and/or three-dimensions. 1obtaining data by Computerized Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and/or any other imaging method,mapping the data with the data received from a fiber Bragg grating based optical sensor device with a plurality of fiber Bragg grating optical fibers inside a cable connected to a device used in operation by using an interface with a software, wherein the software runs on a computer and defining a plurality of landmarks,detecting a position and/or an orientation of any point in an operated region in real-time by mapping the data,transferring the data mapped by defining a plurality of target points during an application and a target point defined by MRI, CT and/or any other imaging method continuously and in real-time to a monitor and/or a plurality of goggles in two and/or three-dimensions,having a configuration wherein the position and/or the orientation of a tip of a surgical device will not be affected by a plurality of positional changes of an operated area in case a fiber Bragg reference location of a tissue and/or a body position forms ...

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01-09-2016 дата публикации

OPTICAL COUPLERS USED IN A DOWNHOLE SPLITTER ASSEMBLY

Номер: US20160252649A1
Принадлежит:

Techniques and apparatus are provided for downhole sensing using optical couplers in a downhole splitter assembly to split interrogating light signals into multiple optical sensing branches. Each optical branch may then be coupled to an optical sensor (e.g., a pass-through or an optical single-ended transducer (OSET)) or to another optical coupler for additional branching. The sensors may be pressure/temperature (P/T) type transducers. Some systems may exclusively use OSETs as the optical sensors. In this manner, if one of the OSETs is damaged, it does not affect light traveling to any of the other sensors, and sensing information from remaining sensors is still returned. 1. A splitter assembly , comprising:a splitter base configured to couple a cable having one or more optical waveguides, for guiding light signals, disposed therein to one or more other cables having one or more optical waveguides, for guiding the light signals, disposed therein;an adapter coupled to the splitter base; anda mounting assembly configured to mount the splitter assembly to the cable, wherein the mounting assembly comprises a rod coupled to the splitter base and to the adapter, a heat sink coupled to the adapter, and a lock nut coupled to the adapter.2. The splitter assembly of claim 1 , wherein:the rod has a first plurality of threads, a first set of flats, and a second set of flats located ninety degrees from the first set of flats;the adapter has a second plurality of threads;the splitter base has a port having a third plurality of threads;the rod is screwed to the port via the first and second plurality of threads and screwed to the adapter via the first and third pluralities of threads;the heat sink has a mating feature that mates with the first set of flats to secure the rod to the splitter assembly;the lock nut has a fourth plurality of threads and a third set of flats that mates parallel with the second set of flats to abut the lock nut to the heat sink; andthe lock nut is ...

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09-09-2021 дата публикации

Displacement Sensor Device

Номер: US20210278256A1
Принадлежит: Maskinteknik I Oskarshamn AB

A displacement sensor device () comprising a fibre bragg grating sensor () and a downshift unit (). The downshift unit () is connected to the fibre bragg grating sensor (), a first () and a second fastening device (). The first fastening device () is connected to the downshift unit (), and the second fastening device () is connected to the fibre bragg grating sensor (), a container () enclosing the fibre bragg grating sensor (), the downshift unit (), at least partially the first () and the second fastening device (), and at least partially an optical fibre (). Furthermore the sensor device () comprises at least one fixing component (). The at least one fixing component () is arranged between one of the fastening devices () and the container (). 218. A displacement sensor device () according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one fixing component () is fabricated out of a brittle material claim 1 , for instance a polymer.316458. A displacement sensor device () according to - claim 1 , wherein the container () or the first () and/or the second fastening device () comprises at least one fixing component ().413910910. A displacement sensor device () according to - claim 1 , wherein the downshift unit () comprises a draw spring () and a drag link () claim 1 , wherein a longitudinal end portion of the draw spring () is connected to a longitudinal end portion of the drag link ().519199. A displacement sensor device () according to - claim 1 , comprising a draw spring () matching a predefined measurement interval of the displacement sensor device () claim 1 , the draw spring () belonging to a plurality of draw springs () with different spring rates.616. A displacement sensor device () according to - claim 1 , wherein the container () is made out of a solid material claim 1 , for instance a metal claim 1 , a polymer or a carbon fibre claim 1 , withstanding a predefined force.71112111. A displacement sensor device () according to - claim 1 , comprising at least one ...

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31-08-2017 дата публикации

SERIAL WEAK FBG INTERROGATOR

Номер: US20170248480A1
Автор: Dong Bo, SHEN Fabin, WANG Anbo
Принадлежит:

A serial weak FBG interrogator is disclosed. The serial weak FBG interrogator may include a CW tunable laser or pulsed laser utilized as a laser source and an EDFA. The serial weak FBG interrogator may also be an interrogation of a single sensor system by utilization of a DFB laser which utilizes a single sensor, which may be an interferometer sensor, an extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer or a wavelength-modulated sensor. The serial weak FBG interrogator may also include a computer system or CSPU. 128.-. (canceled)29. An interrogation system using a laser to interrogate at least one sensor , said interrogation system comprising:at least one sensor capable of reflecting or transmitting light from said laser;an optical fiber extending from the at least one sensor; anda sensor interrogator receiving the optical fiber extending from the at least one sensor, wherein the sensor interrogator includes the laser, a laser calibrator comprising a first photodetector and a first amplifier, and wherein said sensor interrogator further comprises a second photodetector receiving reflected laser output from said sensor, a second amplifier, an A/D converter responsive to said first amplifier and said second amplifier and a microprocessor responsive to said A/D converter for determining a spectrum of said from said laser reflected or transmitted by said sensor.30. The interrogation system according to claim 29 , wherein the at least one sensor is an interferometer sensor.31. The interrogation system according to claim 30 , wherein the at least one sensor is a Fabry-Perot interferometer.32. The interrogation system according to claim 31 , wherein the at least one sensor is an extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer.33. (canceled)34. The interrogation system according to claim 33 , wherein said wavelength modulated sensor is a Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG).35. The interrogation system according to claim 29 , wherein said laser is a continuous wave (CW) wavelength tunable laser and said ...

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14-10-2021 дата публикации

System and Method for Detecting Ice Formation on a Body

Номер: US20210316869A1
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates, but without limitation, to a system and method for detecting the formation of ice on a surface of a body () on which an air stream impinges. Said system comprises: a first and a second temperature detectors () with different thermal inertia; and an electro-optic module () connected to both detectors (). Thus, by calculating the different responses of the detectors () it is possible to detect the ice formation on a body (), and more advantageously, the almost instantaneously freezing of supercooled water on a body (). The present invention can be applied to aircrafts, wind turbines or to electrical power transmission lines. 3. The system according to claim 2 , wherein the first detector and the second detector comprise a plurality of optic fibre sensors claim 2 , each optic fibre sensor comprising a fibre Bragg grating or a long-period fibre grating.4. The system according to claim 2 , wherein the first outer diameter and the third outer diameter are comprised between 0.006 and 0.1265 mm claim 2 , wherein the second inner diameter is comprised between 0.13 and 0.25 mm and wherein the fourth inner diameter is comprised between 0.5 and 1.0 mm.5. The system according to claim 2 , wherein the first capillary of the at least one first optic fibre detector comprises a fifth outer diameter comprised between 0.25 and 0.5 mm and wherein the second capillary sealed of the at least one second optic fibre detector comprises a sixth outer diameter comprised between 2 and 3 mm.6. The system according to claim 2 , wherein the first and second optical sensors have a length comprised between 2 and 20 mm.7. The system according to claim 2 , wherein the at least one first optic fibre detector comprises:a first protective coating around a second portion of the first glass cladding, in such a way that the second portion of the first glass cladding is coated by the first protective coating and a third portion of the first glass cladding is not coated, the ...

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06-08-2020 дата публикации

DEVICE AND SYSTEM FOR DETECTING DYNAMIC STRAIN

Номер: US20200249107A1
Принадлежит: Hifi Engineering Inc.

A device and system for detecting dynamic strain. The device comprises a longitudinally extending carrier and an optical fiber embedded along an outer surface of a length of the carrier. The optical fiber comprises at least one pair of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) tuned to reflect substantially identical wavelengths. The system comprises the device and an interrogator comprising a laser source and a photodetector. The interrogator is configured to perform interferometry by shining laser light along the optical fiber and detecting light reflected by the FBGs. The interrogator outputs dynamic strain measurements based on interferometry performed on the reflected light. 1. (canceled)2. A method for detecting dynamic strain of a buried pipeline , comprising: (i) a longitudinally extending carrier; and', '(ii) an optical fiber embedded along an outer surface of a length of the carrier, wherein the optical fiber comprises at least one pair of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) tuned to reflect substantially identical wavelengths;, '(a) burying in the ground a device for detecting dynamic strain such that the device when buried does not touch the pipeline, the device comprising(b) shining laser light along the optical fiber; and(c) detecting light reflected by the FBGs and performing interferometry on the reflected light to produce dynamic strain measurements based on the interferometry.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the shining of the laser step comprises shining a reference light pulse and a sensing light pulse along the optical fiber claim 2 , the reference light pulse being delayed compared to the sensing light pulse by a predetermined period of time selected such that the reference light pulse reflected by a first FBG of the pair of FBGs interferes with the sensing light pulse reflected by a second FBG of the pair of FBGs to form a combined interference pulse claim 2 , and wherein the detecting of the light reflected by the FBGs and performing interferometry comprises ...

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13-09-2018 дата публикации

SENSOR PATCH AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SENSOR PATCH

Номер: US20180259371A1
Принадлежит:

A sensor patch () is provided that includes a light guide () having a sensor element (). Further, the sensor patch () includes a carrier structure having a first fastening element () for fastening the light guide () at a first position (), and a second fastening element () that is spaced apart from the first fastening element () for fastening the light guide at a second position (), wherein the sensor element () is arranged between the first position () and the second position (), an intermediate carrier () having a first surface (), on which the first and second fastening elements () are mounted at respective fastening positions (), and an opposing second surface () that can be mounted on a measurement object, and a covering element () arranged on the intermediate carrier () and connected thereto. The covering element () has together with the intermediate carrier () a cross-sectional dimension, which is oriented approximately perpendicular to a longitudinal extension of the light guide (), in such a way that the light guide () extends in the neutral fiber () of the sensor patch (). 1. Sensor patch , comprising:a light guide having at least one fiber optic sensor element; a first fastening element for fastening the light guide at a first position;', 'and a second fastening element that is spaced apart from the first fastening element for fastening the light guide at a second position, wherein the fiber optic sensor element is arranged between the first position and the second position;, 'a carrier structure havingan intermediate carrier having a first surface, on which the first and second fastening elements are mounted at respective fastening positions, and an opposing second surface that can be mounted on a measurement object;and a covering element arranged on the intermediate carrier and connected thereto, which together with the intermediate carrier has a cross-sectional dimension, which is oriented approximately perpendicular to a longitudinal extension of the ...

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28-10-2021 дата публикации

DEMODULATION OF FIBER OPTIC INTERFEROMETRIC SENSORS

Номер: US20210333089A1
Автор: Han Ming

A system and method for demodulation of a fiber optic interferometric sensor are provided. Another aspect pertains to a system and method employing a single laser to generate multiple quadratic wavelengths to demodulate fiber optic interferometric sensors with approximately sinusoidal fringes. Yet another aspect of the present system and method uses a single frequency laser which is split into multiple paths using a fiber optic coupler, with one path including an intensity modulator and another path including an acousto-optic modulator, whereafter the paths are recombined into a fiber which leads to an interferometric sensor, and the light reflected from the sensor is then directed to a photodetector. A further aspect employs a single frequency laser which is split into multiple paths, with the light in the paths being modulated at different frequencies, whereafter the paths are recombined into a fiber which leads to an interferometric sensor. 1. A demodulation system comprising:a single frequency laser emitting a laser beam into an optical fiber;a modulator coupled to the optical fiber and modulating the laser beam;an interferometric sensor receiving the modulated laser beam; anda photodetector receiving light from the sensor.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the laser generates multiple quadratic wavelengths to demodulate the interferometric sensor with sinusoidal fringes.3. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:a fiber optic coupler;the modulator includes an acousto-optic modulator and an intensity modulator;the optical fiber being split into multiple paths by the fiber optic coupler, with a first of the paths including the intensity modulator and a second of the paths including an acousto-optic modulator;a downstream optical fiber;the paths being recombined into the downstream optical fiber which leads to the interferometric sensor; andthe light sent to the interferometric sensor including two laser lines whose difference is equal to an amount of frequency ...

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20-09-2018 дата публикации

OPTICAL INTERROGATOR FOR PERFORMING INTERFEROMETRY USING FIBER BRAGG GRATINGS

Номер: US20180266854A1
Принадлежит: Hifi Engineering Inc.

An optical fiber interrogator for interrogating optical fiber that includes fiber Bragg gratings (“FBGs”). The interrogator includes a light source operable to emit phase coherent light, amplitude modulation circuitry optically coupled to the light source and operable to generate pulses from the light, and control circuitry communicatively coupled to the amplitude modulation circuitry that is configured to perform a method for interrogating the optical fiber. The method includes generating a pair of light pulses by using the amplitude modulation circuitry to modulate light output by the light source without splitting the light. 1. An optical fiber interrogator for interrogating optical fiber comprising fiber Bragg gratings (“FBGs”) , the interrogator comprising:(a) a light source operable to emit phase coherent light;(b) amplitude modulation circuitry optically coupled to the light source and operable to generate pulses from the light, wherein the pulses are generated without splitting the light; and(c) control circuitry comprising a controller, communicatively coupled to the amplitude modulation circuitry, configured to perform a method for interrogating the optical fiber comprising generating a pair of light pulses by using the amplitude modulation circuitry to modulate light output by the light source.2. The interrogator of further comprising a phase modulator optically coupled to the amplitude modulation circuitry and operable to introduce a phase shift to at least one of the pulses claim 1 , and wherein the method further comprises phase shifting at least one of the light pulses relative to the other of the light pulses by using the phase modulator.3. The interrogator of wherein the phase modulator is selected from the group consisting of a lithium niobate phase modulator claim 2 , a gallium arsenide phase modulator claim 2 , and an indium phosphide phase modulator.4. The interrogator of or further comprising:(a) an output optical amplifier optically coupled to ...

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20-09-2018 дата публикации

Monitoring Probe

Номер: US20180266947A1
Принадлежит: SMART FIBRES Ltd

A monitoring probe is for monitoring a fluid inside a process system. The probe has a first portion comprising a plurality of optical sensors provided along a waveguide for monitoring a plurality of measurands from the fluid, wherein each optical sensor is configured to monitor at least one measurand from the fluid. The first portion of the probe is elongate and is configured to be inserted through an aperture of the process system into a chamber of the process system such that the optical sensors are in communication with the fluid. The probe further has an attachment element for securing the probe to the process system.

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