СПОСОБ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ОБЪЕМНОЙ КОНЦЕНТРАЦИИ ЦЕМЕНТНОГО РАСТВОРА В ГРУНТОЦЕМЕНТНОЙ ПУЛЬПЕ ПРИ СТРУЙНОЙ ЦЕМЕНТАЦИИ

Изобретение относится к способам экспрессного контроля объемной концентрации цементного раствора в грунтоцементной пульпе при создании подземных строительных конструкций струйной цементацией. При осуществлении способа отбирают пробу исследуемого материала, перед струйной цементацией выбирают химические элементы для закачки их в грунт совместно с цементным раствором при струйной цементации из условия непревышения весового содержания каждого из них 0,1% в грунте и возможности его количественного определения рентгенофлуоресцентным методом, приготавливают цементный раствор замешиванием цемента в воде и при приготовлении цементного раствора вводят два или более химических элемента, рентгенофлуоресцентным методом производят измерение весовой концентрации каждого химического элемента в пробах и плотности материалов проб, по каждому химическому элементу определяют объемную концентрацию цементного раствора в грунтоцементной пульпе, и за результат принимают среднеарифметическое значение определенных ...

Способ оценки вероятности формирования у школьников расстройств вегетативной нервной системы, связанных с сочетанным комплексным воздействием таких факторов окружающей среды, как марганец, свинец и формальдегид, современного образовательного процесса, питания и образа жизни

Изобретение относится к медицине, а именно к педиатрии и неврологии. Определяют содержание марганца (Mn), свинца (Pb) и формальдегида (Ф), уровень кортизола в крови. Определяют значение индекса напряжения (ИН). Устанавливают продолжительность перемен между уроками, продолжительность пользования в школе интерактивными досками (ИД) и уровни тревожности школьника по шкалам «Низкая физиологическая сопротивляемость стрессу» (НФСС) и «Страх не соответствовать ожиданиям окружающих» (СНСОО). Устанавливают уровень потребления творога (Т) и кисломолочных продуктов (КП). Определяют частоту и кратность занятий физкультурой и спортом. При наличии у школьника одновременно следующих отклонений: при содержании в пробе крови школьника Pb в 1,6 и более раза выше регионального фонового уровня, при содержании в пробе крови Mn в 1,1 и более раза выше регионального фонового уровня, при содержании в пробе крови Ф в 7,9 и более раза выше регионального фонового уровня; при уровне в крови кортизола в пределах 266,63 ...

Способ определения долговечности железобетонных конструкций

Использование: для определения долговечности бетонных и железобетонных конструкций. Сущность изобретения заключается в том, что для прямого измерения скорости и глубины карбонизации бетона в конструкциях по всей площади через определенные расстояния сверлятся отверстия, стенки которых обрабатываются раствором универсального индикатора, и по распределению цветов по глубине отверстия определяют указанные параметры карбонизации и долговечность конструкции. Технический результат: обеспечение возможности определения скорости и глубины карбонизации, а также временного ресурса арматуры и долговечности конструкции в целом. 1 ил.

АНАЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ СИСТЕМА И СПОСОБ ДЛЯ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ И УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПРОЦЕССОМ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ СТЕКЛА

... 1. Аналитическая система для анализа и контролирования процесса изготовления стеклянных изделий, при этом процесс изготовления включает процесс формования и процесс охлаждения, и аналитическая система содержит чувствительную к инфракрасному излучению измерительную систему и связанный с ней процессор, при этом чувствительная к инфракрасному излучению измерительная система выполнена с возможностью измерения инфракрасного излучения, исходящего от горячих стеклянных изделий непосредственно после процесса формования стеклянных изделий, и процессор выполнен с возможностью определения распределения тепла в стеклянном изделии на основе информации, полученной с помощью измерительной системы, характеризующаяся тем, что чувствительная к инфракрасному излучению измерительная система (30) чувствительна лишь к излучению в области ближнего инфракрасного излучения (NIR), исходящего изнутри стенки стеклянных изделий. 2. Система по п.1, характеризующаяся тем, что чувствительная к инфракрасному излучению ...

Способ определения влажностного режима стены здания

Изобретение относится к оценке состояния наружных стен зданий и сооружений с учетом степени их непрерывного с течением времени увлажнения, которая изменяется в процессе их эксплуатации. Способ заключается в том, что измеряют температуру наружной поверхности стены, температуру внутренней поверхности стены, среднюю температуру наружного воздуха для каждого месяца и температуру внутри помещения, измеряют относительную влажность внутри помещения, среднюю относительную влажность наружного воздуха для каждого месяца, после этого строят график зависимости относительной влажности наружного воздуха от времени года с разбивкой до одного дня с учетом непрерывно изменяющихся климатических воздействий, а также график зависимости температуры наружного воздуха от времени года с разбивкой до одного дня с учетом квазистационарного помесячного изменения температуры, проводят замеры паропроницаемости, статической влагопроводности и сорбции строительного материала стены, на основании которых строят шкалу потенциала ...

СПОСОБ ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИИ ПОРОШКОВ, ПРИМЕНЯЕМЫХ В ЛАЗЕРНОМ СПЕКАНИИ

... 1. Способ маркировки изготовленных методом послойного производства изделий включает в себя следующие этапы:смешивание применяемого в качестве конструкционного материала порошка, по меньшей мере, с одной солью одного редкоземельного металла, при этом соль обладает свойством проявлять люминесценцию при облучении фотонами одной длины волны вне видимого спектра или потоком частиц ииспользование порошка в качестве конструкционного материала в технологии изготовления трехмерного объекта с помощью послойного нанесения и закрепления порошка на участках, в каждом слое соответствующих поперечному сечению изготовляемого объекта; при этом закрепление производят посредством воздействия лазера или другого источника энергии на порошкообразный материал или посредством селективного нанесения связующего.2. Способ по п.1, в котором добавляют несколько различных солей редкоземельных элементов, спектральные излучения которых при люминесценции отличаются друг от друга.3. Способ по п.1, в котором добавляемая ...

УСТРОЙСТВО, СИСТЕМА И СПОСОБ ДЛЯ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ ВЛАЖНОСТИ КОНСТРУКЦИОННОГО МАТЕРИАЛА

... 1. Устройство для измерения влажности конструкционных материалов, отличающееся тем, что данное устройство содержит:корпус для отделения пространства в подлежащем измерениям материале, содержащий по меньшей мере одну прорезь, или отверстие, или тому подобное для попадания влаги внутрь отделенного пространства, исредства измерения, содержащие датчик для измерения влажности и/или температуры в указанном отделенном пространстве и электронное устройство для беспроводной передачи данных между средствами измерения и считывающим устройством,причем указанный корпус внедрен в подлежащий измерениям материал во время отливки, причем указанные средства измерения функционально соединены с корпусом, а указанная передача данных обеспечена посредством неразрушающего способа.2. Устройство для измерения влажности по п. 1, причем указанный материал представляет собой бетон.3. Устройство для измерения влажности по п. 1 или 2, содержащее электронное устройство для беспроводного приема необходимой для функционирования ...

ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ВИХРЕВЫХ ТОКОВ ДЛЯ АНАЛИЗА ПОЛИКРИСТАЛЛИЧЕСКОГО АЛМАЗА

... 1. Система тестирования методом вихревых токов, содержащая:устройство для тестирования методом вихревых токов, содержащее по меньшей мере один вывод;выщелоченный компонент, содержащий поликристаллическую структуру, причем поликристаллическая структура содержит выщелоченный слой и невыщелоченный слой, примыкающий к выщелоченному слою, при этом в выщелоченном слое удалена по меньшей мере часть материала катализатора;зонд, содержащий первый конец и второй конец, причем второй конец размещен рядом с поверхностью выщелоченного слоя; ипервый провод, электрически соединяющий вывод устройства для тестирования методом вихревых токов с зондом; при этомустройство для тестирования методом вихревых токов выполнено с возможностью измерять вихревой ток выщелоченного компонента.2. Система тестирования методом вихревых токов по п.1, в которой вихревой ток выщелоченного компонента содержит амплитуду импеданса.3. Система тестирования методом вихревых токов по п.1, в которой вихревой ток выщелоченного компонента ...

СПОСОБ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ МЕХАНИЧЕСКИХ СВОЙСТВ ЦЕМЕНТОВ

... 1. Способ определения механических параметров цементной системы с исходным составом Си тонкостью помола Φ как функции времени и как функции тонкости помола цементной системы, давления и/или температуры, включающий следующие стадии:(A) определяют степень гидратации цементной системы как функцию времени α(t) из скорости волн сжатия как функции времени V(t), измеренной в образце цементной системы при давлении Pи температуре Τ;(B) определяют степень гидратации α(t) как функцию желаемых значений тонкости помола Фцементной системы, давления Ри/или температуры Т;(C) определяют состав цементной системы как функцию времени C(t) и как функцию желаемых значений тонкости помола Фцементной системы, давления Ри/или температуры Т, из степени гидратации α(t), определенной на стадии В;(D) определяют по меньшей мере один механический параметр цементной системы как функцию времени и как функцию желаемых значений тонкости помола Фцементной системы, давления Ри/или температуры Т, из состава цементной системы ...

Chloride content control process for gypsum produced by waste gas desulphurisation

A process for the indirect control of chloride content in raw gypsum produced by a smoke gas desulphurisation plant comprises dewatering the gypsum on a band filter. The temperature of the dewatered gypsum (3) is measured at the end of the filter (2), and is compared with a limiting temperature. A proportional difference signal (11) is produced, which corresponds to the chloride content.

VERFAHREN ZUR BESTIMMUNG VON LEITENDEM MATERIAL IN GLASFASERN UND GERAET DAZU.

VORRICHTUNG ZUR BESTIMMUNG DER FEINHEIT VON MINERALFASERN

Method for Testing Foundry Mould Materials

... 1,191,699. Centrifugal casting. SULZER BROS Ltd. 19 July, 1967 [20 July, 1966], No. 33145/67. Heading B3F. In a method of testing foundry mould materials a rotatable mould 1 is formed with a cavity 2 the surface of which at least in part is formed by the material to be tested, the cavity then being filled with liquid metal and a test casting centrifugally cast to produce radially varying pressures on the cavity surface. The casting is removed from the mould and the surface of the casting is examined for signs of sintering or metal penetration. The mould 1 may be completely constructed of the foundry material (e.g. sand) to be tested and used only once; or it may be made as a two-part permanent mould, e.g. ceramic, graphite or steel, and have specimens 8 of the material to be tested inserted in the surface of the cavity 2. To produce a uniform flooding of all surfaces of the cavity the cavity may be shaped as a truncated hyperboloid, Fig. 4 (not shown), having a compensation space (13) to ...

Blending system for solid/fluids mixtures

An inspection device

Improvements in or relating to apparatus for testing the strength of material

... 380,155. Testing strength of materials. BERRIDGE, H., 8, Worcester Gardens, Sutton, Surrey. June 16, 1931, No. 17477. [Class 106 (ii).] Apparatus for testing by crushing samples of mortar or other substance in about # in. or ¢ in. cubes comprises a metal base plate 1 on which slides a plate 2 between which and an actuating screw 11 is a spring balance 10. The plate 2 is slotted, guide bolts 3 screwed into the base passing through the slots. The plate 2 is provided with a jaw 7 between which and a fixed jaw 5 on the end of the base the sample to be tested is placed. A slot 6 in the plate accommodates the jaw 5. The spring balance 10 is connected at one end by a hook 9 to the sliding plate 2 and at the other end to a screw 11 moved axially by turning a nut to which a handle is attached. The index 10a gives the stress applied and a frictionally held index 10b pushed by the index 10a gives the maximum stress applied. In a modification the screw is mounted below the base and rotated to move ...

Testing of foundry sands

... 1,088,913. Testing moulding sands. FOSKCO TECHNIK Ltd. Feb. 7, 1966 [Feb.17, 1965], No. 6894/65. Heading G1S. In a method of testing the propensity of a foundry moulding sand to spall, a sample of sand 3 of known moisture content is compacted to a shape having a flat surface and a thickness greater than any potential thickness of spall, and located with the flat surface facing a radiant source of heat 2 at a temperature of 1000‹C. to 1500‹C. at a pre-selected distance, the time taken before spalling occurs and the extent of spalling in terms of depth and area being subsequently determined. The source of radiant heat may be an electrically heated plate.

VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR UEBERWACHUNG DES REDOX-ZUSTANDES VON ELEMENTEN IN GLAS

SENSORVORRICHTUNG

ANALYTIC SYSTEM AND PROCEDURE FOR MEASURING AND TAXES OF A MANUFACTURING PROCESS

Apparatus and method for cure monitoring and process control in glass fiber forming operation

A system and method for determining and controlling for cure status of binder on a fibrous product are disclosed. Cure status is monitored by measuring one or more control variables and attempting to keep them within known control limits. Exemplary control variables include oven temperatures at various locations and color values of sections of the fibrous product. Sensors such as thermocouples and image capture systems sense these variables continuously online and provide input signals for a MPC processor-optimizer. The MPC optimizers balances the constraints according to a programmed optimization function and priority ranking of control variables and solves for optimal control setting on manipulatable variables, such as oven fan speed, oven setpoint temperatures and coolant water flow rate.

Method for online determination of cure status of glass fiber products

A method for assessing the cure status of a fibrous blanket manufactured with mineral fibers and binder is disclosed and comprises a using an online optical reflectance measurement as an assessment of cure status. The optical reflectance measurement may preferably be a color image taken of any surface, and in particular of a sectioned face, after which the image is optionally divided into multiple regions of interest (ROI) and analyzed for a color system variable that is representative of cure status. In some embodiments, the color system variable is the B value. Alternatively, the optical reflectance measurement may be UV or IR reflectance of a sectioned face. When two or more regions of interest are defined on a sectioned face, comparative information is valuable to assess cure at different levels, layers or portions of the interior of the fibrous product.

A ph sensor system and method for using same

SYSTEM HAVING DRUM DISCHARGE OUTLET SENSORS AND METHOD OF CHARACTERIZING FRESH CONCRETE DELIVERY USING SAME

There is described a system generally having a rotatable drum rotatably for receiving fresh concrete, the drum having inwardly protruding blades mounted inside the drum which, when the drum is rotated in an unloading direction, force fresh concrete inside the drum towards a discharge outlet of the drum, at least one discharge outlet sensor disposed at the discharge outlet of the drum and being configured to sense the presence of fresh concrete at the discharge outlet as the drum rotates in the unloading direction; and a controller communicatively coupled with the at least one discharge outlet sensor, the controller being configured for performing the steps of: receiving a signal from the at least one discharge outlet sensor indicative of the presence of the discharged fresh concrete at the discharge outlet as the drum rotates in the unloading direction; and determining at least one parameter based on the received signal.

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETERMINING THE TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY OF A BUILDING

The invention relates to a method and a device (1) for determining the temperature (TE) and humidity (FE) of a building (2), having at least one temperature sensor (3) and at least one humidity sensor (4), wherein a water-vapour diffusion-impermeable volume (5) is formed on the surface (O) of the structure (2), and, after reaching a state of equilibrium, the at least one temperature sensor (3) and the at least one moisture sensor (4) are used to measure the temperature and humidity in the water-vapour diffusion-impermeable volume (5), and used for determining the temperature (TE) and humidity (FE) in the building. According to the present invention, the water-vapour-diffusion equivalent air layer thickness (sd value) of the water-vapour diffusion-impermeable volume (5) is at least 1000 m, and the temperature (Tu) and humidity (FE) of the ambient air are measured.

DEVICE, SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MEASURING MOISTURE OF STRUCTURE MATERIAL

The invention relates to a device, system and method for measuring moisture in building structures. A tubular body part (100) may be embedded in a material during its casting. Hole(s) (106) provided in the body part (100) lets moisture inside a space separated by the body part (100). Measuring means comprising electronics (102) and a sensor (104) functionally connected to the body part (100) is used to measure the separated space 108. With a reading device (234), the results may then be read from above surface due to a provided wireless link between the measuring means (102) and (104) and the reading device (234).

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CURE MONITORING AND PROCESS CONTROL IN GLASS FIBER FORMING OPERATION

A system and method for determining and controlling for cure status of binder on a fibrous product are disclosed. Cure status is monitored by measuring one or more control variables and attempting to keep them within known control limits. Exemplary control variables include oven temperatures at various locations and color values of sections of the fibrous product. Sensors such as thermocouples and image capture systems sense these variables continuously online and provide input signals for a MPC processor-optimizer. The MPC optimizers balances the constraints according to a programmed optimization function and priority ranking of control variables and solves for optimal control setting on manipulatable variables, such as oven fan speed, oven setpoint temperatures and coolant water flow rate.

TAGGING OF WATERBORNE COMPOSITIONS WITH OIL-SOLUBLE MARKERS

A water-immiscible marker is dissolved in polyethylene glycol or other suitable carrier, and the marker so dissolved is added to a waterborne composition which is used as an additive to a waterborne or water processable composition. Subsequently, the mar ker is either extracted with a non-polar solvent or detected by means of a surface spot test. From the non-polar solvent, the marker is extracted with an acidic aqueous solution o r an alkaline aqueous solution, depending upon the marker, and color-developed. Likewise, a su rface spot test can detect the presence of the marker by, if necessary, first softening the marked surface to be tested either chemically or by thermal means, and developing a color with a color-developing reagent placed on the exposed surface. Applications can include the marking of paint, coatings, wax emulsions and water soluble/dispersable additives commonly used in water based applications, e.g., cement additives.

Procédé pour déterminer l'effort de démoulage d'une masse de moulage et appareil pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé

Einrichtung zur Regelung der Formbarkeit von körnigem Material

Einrichtung zur Regelung der Formbarkeit von körnigem Material

Einrichtung zur Prüfung von Probekörpern aus körnigen Massen, insbesondere aus Giessereisanden

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Prüfung von aus körnigen Massen hergestellten Formen

Härteprüfer für Giessereiformen

Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Zugfestigkeit eines warm ausgehärteten Prüfkörpers aus kunstharzgebundenem Formsand

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung der Nassfestigkeit von Giessereiformstoffen

Verfahren zur Extraktion des Bitumens aus bituminösem Mischgut und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Messen der physikalischen Eigenschaften von festen Körpern, insbesondere von feuerfesten Körpern oder Formkörpern in der Giesserei-Industrie

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Messen der Zugfestigkeit von Formsandmassen

Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Abtrennen des Bindemittels aus Mischungen von bituminösen Bindemitteln und Feststoffen

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Grenzschicht-Abscherfestigkeit bei der Schalenbildung von oberflächlich hocherhitzten Giessereisandformen und -kernen

Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung des Betriebsverhaltens von feucht eingebundenen Giesserei- Formstoffen durch Messen der Zugfestigkeit eines daraus gebildeten Prüfkörpers

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Messen der Hochtemperatureigenschaften von Formsanden und anderen feuerfesten Baustoffen

Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Steuerung der Formbarkeit von körnigem Material bei der Aufbereitung

Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Prüfen von Giessereisandprüfkörpern bei erhöhten Temperaturen

Verfahren zum Prüfen von Giessereiformstoffen

Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Schlämmstoffgehaltes von Sand und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Einrichtung zur Bestimmung und Regelung der Formbarkeit von Formsand oder ähnlichem körnigen Material

Einrichtung zur Prüfung der Druckeigenschaften von Arbeitsmustern

Appliance for determining the progress with time of the degree of curing of a resin-bound sand specimen

The appliance has a container (1) for the sand specimen, which container is surrounded by a space (2) containing a liquid and in which the temperature during the measurement procedures is kept constant. The container is provided on its top with holes (5) for introducing the measuring pin (8) of a strength-measuring appliance. The temperature is kept constant by means of an externally connectable, thermostatically controlled heating and/or cooling device. ...

METHOD OF DETERMINING DOLGOVEChNO STI BRICKWORK

СПОСОБ ОБНАРУЖЕНИЯ ЛОКАЛЬНЫХ ДЕФЕКТОВ В МИНЕРАЛОВАТНОМ МАТЕ

Объектом настоящего изобретения является способ обнаружения локальных дефектов, например, типа "горячих точек" или "влажных точек", присутствующих в мате из минеральных волокон, связанных связующим, содержащий использование микроволнового излучения с частотой в пределах от 1 до 50 ГГц, предпочтительно от 5 до 10 ГГц, при этом общая мощность излучаемой электромагнитной волны находится в пределах от 0,1 до 5 Вт, предпочтительно равна примерно 1 Вт. Объектом изобретения является также устройство для осуществления упомянутого способа, а также установка для изготовления сплошного минераловатного мата, содержащая упомянутое устройство.

METHOD OF THE DETECTION OF LOCAL FLAWS BEFORE THE MINERAL WOOL MAT

Method for rapidly detecting molecular weight of poly-p-phenylene terephthamide resin

METHOD OF DETECTION OF THE DEFECTS LOCATE PRESENT IN A MINERAL FIBRE MATTRESS

METHOD OF IDENTIFYING THE CLASS OF ELECTROSLAG AZS REFRACTORY ELECTROFONDUS WITH GENERATION "STONES" IN A GLASS PRODUCT

석고계 건축용 보드 중의 공극 검출방법 및 석고계 건축용 보드의 제조방법

... 석고계 건축용 보드 중 공극의 검출방법은, 소석고의 수화 반응에 의해 발열된 석고계 건축용 보드의 표면에 냉각 매체를 접촉시켜서 그 표면을 냉각하는 것과, 상기 냉각이 종료한 후에 상기 석고계 건축용 보드의 표면의 온도 분포를 검지하는 것을 포함한다.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IMAGING INHOMOGENEITY IN A TRANSPARENT SOLID MEDIUM

This invention is related with a method and apparatus for inspecting chemical inhomogeneities in a solid transparent material by way of generating a shadow image of the sample material and recorging said image digitally or photographically. The method consists of scanning the shadow image of a stationary sample where the illuminance information across the sample thickness is combined with position information along the sample in order to generate a shadow image of the sample. The method and apparatus signaficantly reduce analysis time, material and energy costs, and increase image quality and test safety especially in the case of analysis of inhomogeneities in samples of glass manufacture such as float glass.

MULTI-TEST GRAVELOMETER

A gravelometer (20) includes a base unit (30) comprising compressed air receiver tank (40) having wheels (42) and feet (44). Main frame (46) connects tank (40) to a media gun frame or mount (50) and includes a bore (52) for releasably receiving and supporting a media gun (54) having a mounting flange (70) so that media inlet (56) is upwardly oriented and gun barrel or media outlet (57) extends through gun mount (50). Media inlet (56) interconnects via elongated conduit (58) to a media supply system (60) which includes media supply hopper (62) and vibratory feeder assembly (64). A control system (80) having operator control panel (82) controls operations. A modular target box or chamber (90) is aided in being releasably connected to base unit (30) by locator pins (102). Chamber (90) includes media inlet (92), media outlet (94), which connects to spent media reclaim chamber (100), and specimen window (96) having a target holding toggle clamp (98).

Bending beam creep test device with piston having a gas bearing

Apparatus is disclosed for measuring creep stiffness of a specimen, for example, asphalt cement, or other viscoelastic material, having a flexural modulus greater than approximately 1,000 psi. The specimen and the lower part of a loading mechanism are submerged in a constant temperature coolant thereby providing buoyant support to the specimen, preventing it from deflecting under its own weight, as well as providing means for controlling the test temperature. The coolant temperature is maintained to within approximately +/-0.1° C. of a desired temperature. The specimen, having known dimensions, is supported within the coolant on two spaced apart support members. A loading head actuated by an air bearing/pneumatic piston mechanism engages the specimen midway between the two support members. The deflection of the specimen is measured with an LVDT and the load imparted to the specimen by a load cell provided under at least one of the specimen support members. In order to prevent the buildup ...

Identification of material type and condition in a dry bulk material storage bin

A method includes optically interacting a bulk material or powder stored in a storage bin with an integrated computational element (“ICE”) configured to modify an electromagnetic radiation according to a characteristic of the bulk material or powder. The method also includes detecting the modified electromagnetic radiation with a detector, and producing an output signal correlated to a value for the characteristic of the bulk material or powder, and receiving and processing the output signal with a signal processor to yield a value for the characteristic of the bulk material or powder. Also, the method includes transmitting a message flagging the storage bin when it is determined that the bulk material or powder is not suitable for continued storage. The bulk material or powder includes a dry cement or a dry cement component.

Sheet-like strain sensor for confirming progress of damage of concrete structure and method for confirming progress of damage of concrete structure

There is a difficulty in workability of installing an optical fiber cable on a concrete structure, and when the optical fiber cable is installed on the surface of the concrete structure, the appearance of the concrete structure is spoilt by cutting the surface of the concrete structure or the like. Accordingly, there are provided a sheet-like strain sensor for confirming progress of damage of a concrete structure, in which one or a plurality of optical fiber cables are fixedly held between sheet-like bodies which are easy for the adhesive to permeate while one end/ends of the optical fiber cable/cables are pulled out; and a method for confirming progress of damage of a concrete structure by measuring strain by use of the one end of the optical fiber cable pulled out between the sheet-like bodies.

A method of measuring properties of sand

СПОСОБ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА СТЕКЛЯННЫХ ИЗДЕЛИЙ ИЗ МАТЕРИАЛА ДЛЯ НИХ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ УКАЗАННОГО СПОСОБА

Изобретение относится к способу производства стеклянных изделий. Технический результат изобретения заключается в упрощении способа определения паразитных отражений. Способ включает нагрев материала для стеклянных изделий, формование стеклянного изделия; охлаждение изделия; проверку сформованных стеклянных изделий светочувствительным датчиком. Получают множество изображений стеклянного изделия при множестве взаимно различающихся направлений наблюдения относительно изделия соответственно. Сравнивают указанное множество изображений для обнаружения возможного дефекта в изделии. Игнорируют возможный дефект, не классифицируют его как существующий дефект или классифицируют как паразитное отражение, если возможный дефект появляется только на одном из изображений, на меньшей части изображений в одном и том же положении на изделии, на изображениях, число которых меньше предварительно заданного. Игнорируют возможный дефект, если возможный дефект появляется в различных положениях на изделии на указанном ...

СПОСОБ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ МЕХАНИЧЕСКИХ СВОЙСТВ ЦЕМЕНТОВ

Изобретение относится к определению механических параметров цементной системы как функции от времени и как функции от тонкости помола цементной системы, давления и/или температуры, являющихся репрезентативными для пластовых условий, имеющих место в стволе скважины. Исходный состав цементной системы, ее тонкость помола Φ и скорость волн сжатия как функция времени V(t) являются единственными входными данными в указанном способе. Указанный способ включает: стадию (А), на которой определяют степень гидратации цементной системы как функцию времени α(t) из V(t) при давлении Pи температуре T; стадию (В), на которой определяют степень гидратации α(t) как функцию желаемых значений тонкости помола Фцементной системы, давления Pи/или температуры T; стадию (C), на которой определяют состав цементной системы как функцию времени C(t) и как функцию желаемых значений тонкости помола Фцементной системы, давления Pи/или температуры Tиз α(t), определенной на стадии (В); и стадию (D), на которой определяют ...

УСТАНОВКА ДЛЯ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ КОРРОЗИОННОЙ СТОЙКОСТИ ЦЕМЕНТНОГО КАМНЯ И БЕТОНА

Полезная модель относится к контрольно-измерительной технике для исследования долговечности цементного камня и бетонов в агрессивных коррозионно-активных средах и может использоваться для оценки долговечности цементного камня, работающего в условиях повышенных температур и давлений, находящегося против пластов, содержащих агрессивные флюиды, а также может использоваться в любой отрасли промышленности, где необходимо контролировать долговечность материалов, работающих в агрессивных средах.Установка для исследования коррозионной стойкости цементного камня и бетонов содержит, по крайней мере, один испытательный цилиндр с установленной в нем эластичной манжетой, внутри которой размещен испытуемый образец цементного камня или бетона цилиндрической формы, при этом испытательный цилиндр в нижней части имеет заглушку с отверстием, меньшим диаметра испытуемого образца, в верхней части испытательный цилиндр имеет внутреннюю резьбу, в которую ввернуто зажимное кольцо, сжимающее эластичную манжету, ...

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ МЕХАНИЧЕСКИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК КЕРАМИЧЕСКИХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ ПРИ ВЫСОКИХ ТЕМПЕРАТУРАХ

Полезная модель относится к устройствам для механических испытаний керамических материалов при различных схемах нагружения, например, на растяжение, сжатие, изгиб и кручение при температурах свыше 1200°С. Устройство для определения механических характеристик керамических материалов при высоких температурах включает нагружающее устройство, оснастку для крепления образца, индуктор генератора тока высокой частоты и керамический образец для испытаний. На образец нанесен слой тугоплавкого металла, нагреваемый вихревыми токами от индуктора генератора тока высокой частоты. Устройство позволяет проводить определение механических характеристик керамических образцов при температуре свыше 1200°С. 3 з.п. ф-лы.

Стенд для испытания сборных железобетонных элементов

Область техники, к которой относится полезная модель, относится к устройствам для испытания сборных железобетонных элементов промышленных и гражданских объектов на теплопроводность и может быть применена при производстве строительных материалов для индивидуального строительства. Стенд для испытания обработанных окрасочными теплоизоляционными составами разработан для проведения натурных испытаний жидкой окрасочной теплоизоляции (термокраски) с целью определения (подтверждения) физико-механических, химических и технологических свойств.

СПОСОБ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ОБЪЕМНОЙ КОНЦЕНТРАЦИИ ЦЕМЕНТНОГО РАСТВОРА В ГРУНТОЦЕМЕНТНОЙ ПУЛЬПЕ ПРИ СТРУЙНОЙ ЦЕМЕНТАЦИИ

Изобретение относится к экспрессному контролю объемной концентрации цементного раствора в грунтоцементной пульпе при создании подземных строительных конструкций струйной цементацией. Способ включает отбор проб исследуемого материала и определение рентгенофлуоресцентным методом количественного содержания химического элемента в отобранных пробах, причем перед струйной цементацией выбирают химический элемент для закачки его в грунт совместно с цементным раствором при струйной цементации, приготавливают цементный раствор замешиванием цемента в воде и при приготовлении цементного раствора вводят выбранный химический элемент в цементный раствор, отбирают пробу цементного раствора, закачивают цементный раствор под давлением в грунт для образования в грунте строительной конструкции и выделения из грунта грунтоцементной пульпы, при проведении струйной цементации отбирают пробу грунтоцементной пульпы, рентгенофлуоресцентным методом производят измерение весовой концентрации химического элемента в ...

УСТАНОВКА ДЛЯ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ДАВЛЕНИЯ РАСШИРЕНИЯ ТАМПОНАЖНЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ

Установка для определения давления расширения тампонажных материалов, содержащая измерительное устройство и боксы для тампонажного раствора и воды, отличающаяся тем, что боксы выполнены в виде цилиндров, соединенных муфтой, внутри которой размещена диафрагма, отделяющая тампонажный раствор от воды, при этом на бокс для воды установлена крышка, имеющая отверстия для соединения с измерительным устройством и для заполнения бокса водой, а на дне бокса для тампонажного раствора размещен перфорированный выпрессовывающий поршень для удаления затвердевшего тампонажного материала, перемещаемый с помощью болта, вворачиваемого в днище бокса, причем в процессе измерения отверстие для болта остается открытым.

СПОСОБ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ СТЕПЕНИ ГИДРАТАЦИИ ЦЕМЕНТА

Изобретение относится к области исследования процессов твердения цементов и может быть использовано для контроля качества бетонных и железобетонных изделий. Образец исходного сухого цемента затворяют водой и подвергают твердению в воздушно-влажных условиях. В разные промежутки времени процесса твердения цемента, через 3, 14, 28 суток, регистрируют спектры электронного спинового резонанса и рассчитывают концентрацию спиновых центров. Концентрацию спиновых центров исследуемого образца цемента определяют путем сравнения со спектром предварительно протестированного рубинового стержня. Аналогично исследуемому образцу определяют концентрацию спиновых центров контрольного образца. За контрольный образец принимают исходный сухой цемент. Затем определяют показатель изменения концентрации спиновых центров твердения цемента и показатель изменения степени гидратации. Степень гидратации СГисследуемого цемента в i-й промежуток времени твердения составляет СГ=ƒМ, где ƒ - золотой коэффициент пропорции, ...

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ОБНАРУЖЕНИЯ ВЛАГИ В СТРОИТЕЛЬНЫХ МАТЕРИАЛАХ

... 1. Система для обнаружения влаги, содержащая ! первый зонд, содержащий первый проводник с множеством штырей; ! второй зонд, содержащий второй проводник с множеством штырей; ! подложку, предусмотренную для упомянутого первого зонда и упомянутого второго зонда; ! датчик наличия влаги, предназначенный для измерения полного электрического сопротивления между упомянутым первым зондом и упомянутым вторым зондом; и ! процессор, предназначенный для сбора показаний по наличию влаги путем получения значений полного электрического сопротивления от упомянутого датчика наличия влаги, при этом упомянутый процессор настроен на отправку сообщений о возможной проблеме, связанной с наличием влаги, при обнаружении упомянутым датчиком наличия влаги падения полного электрического сопротивления ниже пороговой величины. ! 2. Система по п.1, в которой упомянутое полное электрической сопротивление содержит активное сопротивление. ! 3. Система по п.1, в которой упомянутое полное электрической сопротивление содержит ...

Способ расчета свойств формовочных песков, способ расчета компонентного состава формовочных и/или стержневых смесей, устройство для расчета свойств формовочных песков и/или компонентного состава формовочных и/или стержневых смесей, машиночитаемый носитель данных для его осуществления

СПОСОБ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА СТЕКЛЯННЫХ ИЗДЕЛИЙ ИЗ МАТЕРИАЛА ДЛЯ НИХ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ УКАЗАННОГО СПОСОБА

... 1. Способ производства стеклянных изделий из материала для них, включающийa. нагрев материала для стеклянных изделий;b. придание нагретому материалу для стеклянных изделий формы стеклянного изделия;c. охлаждение сформованного стеклянного изделия;d. проверку сформованных стеклянных изделий посредством по меньшей мере одного светочувствительного датчика, в частности посредством датчика, чувствительного к инфракрасному излучению,отличающийся тем, что проверка включаетe. получение множества изображений стеклянного изделия при множестве взаимно различающихся направлений наблюдения относительно изделия соответственно;f. сравнивание указанного множества изображений для обнаружения дефекта в изделии и, предпочтительно, определения протяженности такого дефекта.2. Способ по п. 1, в которомэтап f. включает игнорирование возможного дефекта, не классифицирование возможного дефекта как существующего дефекта или классифицирование возможного дефекта как паразитного дефекта посредством сравнивания указанного ...

Verfahren zur Feststellung des Bindemittelgehaltes von bituminoesem Mischgut und Vorrichtung zur Durchfuehrung des Verfahrens

VERFAHREN ZUR Herstellung von GLAS

Vorrichtung zum Messen der Zugfestigkeit von Formsanden

Bautextil, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung und Verwendung

Bautextil (2), umfassend ein textiles Trägermaterial (6), wobei mindestens zwei elektrische Leiter (3) parallel zueinander im Trägermaterial (6) angeordnet und zur elektrischen Kontaktierung aus dem Trägermaterial (6) herausgeführt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Trägermaterial (6) entweder- als gewirkte Abstandsstruktur mittels Rechts/ Rechts Kettenwirktechnologie dreidimensional ausgebildet ist, oder- dass das Trägermaterial (6) strangförmig ausgebildet ist, wobei das Trägermaterial (6) einen Materialkern aus saugfähigen oder quellfähigen Faser- oder Vliesstoffen umfasst, um den in räumlicher Anordnung die den oder die Sensoren bildenden elektrischen Leiter (3) angeordnet sind.

MEASURING DEVICE FOR DETERMINING THE HARDENING DURATION OF BINDING MATERIALS AND CORE COMPOUNDS

Verfahren zum Testen einer Abdichtung

A method and apparatus for detecting layers of synthetic diamond

In order to test whether a diamond 2 has had a layer of synthetic diamond deposited thereon, it is irradiated with ultraviolet radiation 4 so as to form a pattern of beams of refracted and reflected radiation, the pattern of reflected and refracted radiation being observed on a screen 5 behind the diamond 2. The screen 5 is a UV fluorescent screen and an observing means in the form of a CCD camera 7, is provided. The whole apparatus apart from the CCD camera may be enclosed within a light-tight box. The light source is provided by a laser 3 emitting UV radiation of a wavelength between 230-320 nm.

Monitoring a concrete mixer

Blending system for solid/fluids mixtures

Methods and system are described for monitoring the composition of a cement slurry or wellbore service fluid, including one or more feeder units for solid particulate material; one or more mixing or blending units adapted to receive material from the feeder units; one or more outlet tubes to direct the cement slurry or wellbore service fluid to a storage facility or into a wellbore; and a control unit connected to at least one densitometer to monitor the density of the cement slurry or wellbore service fluid; wherein the densitometer comprises a generator free of radioactive material and capable of generating high-energy photons based on accelerating or decelerating electrons.

Identification of material type and condition in a dry bulk material storage bin

Apparatus and method for obtaining test cores from bodies of set plastic materials,such as concrete

... 1,029,170. Moulding test specimen. J. R. DISTASIO. Oct. 22, 1964 [Oct. 30, 1963], No. 43212/64. Heading B5A. [Also in Division E1] Sample cores for testing are taken from concrete floors &c. by means of a cylindrical vessel B inside and resting by a flange 18 on another cylinder A secured to the foundation 10 on which the floor is cast, concrete also being cast inside the vessel B. The vessel B is removed from the cylinder A and the test core then removed for testing by means of a punch inserted through a hole 28 in the base of the vessel B. The cylinder A may be subsequently filled or used for conduits &c.

A process for determining the thickening effect of silicon dioxide

Procedure for continuous control of the lime content of a cement raw meal

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE MONITORING OF THE REDOX CONDITION OF ELEMENTS IN GLASS

Method and apparatus for determining the temperature and humidity of a building

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung (1) zur Bestimmung der Temperatur (TE) und Feuchtigkeit (FE) eines Bauwerks (2), mit zumindest einem Temperatursensor (3) und zumindest einem Feuchtigkeitssensor (4), wobei an der Oberfläche (O) des Bauwerks (2) ein wasserdampfdiffusionsdichtes Volumen (5) gebildet wird, und nach Erreichen eines Gleichgewichtszustands die Temperatur und Feuchtigkeit mit dem zumindest einen Temperatursensor (3) und dem zumindest einen Feuchtigkeitssensor (4) im wasserdampfdiffusionsdichten Volumen (5) gemessen und zur Bestimmung der Temperatur (TE) und Feuchtigkeit (FE) im Bauwerk (2) herangezogen wird. Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass die wasserdampfdiffusionsäquivalente Luftschichtdicke (sd-Wert) des wasserdampfdiffusionsdichten Volumens (5) mindestens 1000m beträgt und die Temperatur (TU) und Feuchtigkeit (FE) der Umgebungsluft gemessen wird.

VERFAHREN ZUM BESTIMMEN DES GEHALTES AN ORGANISCHEN FASERN IN EINEM FRISCHBETON

VERFAHREN ZUM BESTIMMEN DES GEHALTES AN ORGANISCHEN FASERN IN EINEM FRISCHBETON

Verfahren zum Bestimmen des Gehaltes an organischen Fasern, insbesondere Polypropylenfasern, in einem Frischbeton, wobei dem Frischbeton zumindest eine Probe entnommen, diese in einer, vorzugsweise vorbestimmten, Menge an Flüssigkeit, insbesondere Wasser, suspendiert wird, die suspendierten, insbesondere die aufschwimmenden, Fasern abgezogen und getrocknet werden, sowie deren Menge und/oder Gewicht bestimmt wird, wobei das Volumen der Probe des Frischbetons bestimmt wird, die von der Flüssigkeit, insbesondere Wasser, abgezogenen Fasern mit einem organischen Lösungsmittel, das in der Flüssigkeit lösbar ist und unter 100°C siedet, z.B. Aceton, Methanol, Ethanol, gewaschen, und mit einem Gasstrom, insbesondere bei Raumtemperatur, getrocknet, und die Menge bestimmt wird.

MOLD FUR CONCRETE PROBEKORPER

ANALYTICAL SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MEASURING AND CONTROLLING A PRODUCTION PROCESS

Analytical system and method for measuring and controlling a production process

DEVICE FOR INSPECTING A MATERIAL PROVIDED WITH A COATED SURFACE AND RELATED METHOD

A method and device for inspecting a material having a coated surface (e.g., glass) is described. The device includes a light source that is disposed above the coated surface and emits light in a predefined wavelength range in the direction of the surface and at least one first camera set up to determine a color value of the detected light. Light from the light source is reflected by a first point of the line is detectable at a first viewing angle and the light reflected by a second point of the line is detectable separately at a second viewing angle. The first camera determines a first color value of the light reflected by the first point and a second color value of the light reflected by the second point. An evaluation device, connected to the first camera, compares the first color value and the second color value or the difference between the two, with a certain predefined color setpoint value or with a certain predefined color setpoint value range.

Methods and systems of imaging cut stones

A method of imaging a cut stone. The method comprises a) identifying an orientation of a cut stone, b) creating a volumetric model of the cut stone according to the orientation, c) capturing a plurality of images of the cut stone from a plurality of viewing angles around the cut stone, d) cropping a plurality of segments depicting the cut stone from the plurality of images using the volumetric model, and e) generating a volumetric image of the cut stone from the plurality of segments.

Gem Tester

A gem tester for testing a gem under test and a kit including a horizontal recharging stand are disclosed. In one embodiment of the gem tester, an elongated body has a line-of-sight contour tapering from a bulbous end to a radially deviating frontal nose having a probe extending therefrom. Internal circuitry measures electrical and thermal conductivity of the gem under test in order to identify the type of gem under test and drive a color control signal in response thereto. A luminescent mounting extends about the contact to provide, in response to the control signal, a color indication of the identified gem type.

Method for online determination of cure status of glass fiber products

A method for assessing the cure status of a fibrous blanket manufactured with mineral fibers and binder is disclosed and comprises a using an online optical reflectance measurement as an assessment of cure status. The optical reflectance measurement may preferably be a color image taken of any surface, and in particular of a sectioned face, after which the image is optionally divided into multiple regions of interest (ROI) and analyzed for a color system variable that is representative of cure status. In some embodiments, the color system variable is the B value. Alternatively, the optical reflectance measurement may be UV or IR reflectance of a sectioned face. When two or more regions of interest are defined on a sectioned face, comparative information is valuable to assess cure at different levels, layers or portions of the interior of the fibrous product.

Multivariable predictive control optimizer for glass fiber forming operation

A system and method for determining and controlling for cure status of binder on a fibrous product are disclosed. Cure status is monitored by measuring one or more control variables and attempting to keep them within known control limits. Exemplary control variables include oven temperatures at various locations and color values of sections of the fibrous product. Sensors such as thermocouples and image capture systems sense these variables continuously online and provide input signals for a MPC processor-optimizer. The MPC optimizers balances the constraints according to a programmed optimization function and priority ranking of control variables and solves for optimal control setting on manipulatable variables, such as oven fan speed, oven setpoint temperatures and coolant water flow rate.

Apparatus and method for analyzing aggregate

A device, method, and system for analyzing aggregate are described. An exemplary device may include a housing with one or more grading screens. Aggregate and liquid may be received by a port within the housing. The liquid and any suspended fines, after passing through the one or more grading screens and aggregate, may be received into an observation container for observing the clarity of the liquid.

Wireless surface acoustic wave corrosion sensor and interrogation system for concrete structures

A SAW sensor disposed in or on a material. The sensor comprises an antenna having a sacrificial link in at least one antenna element, wherein the sacrificial link is exposed to degrading elements within or on a surface of the material, a SAW transducer responsive to an interrogation signal for generating an incident acoustic wave, a reflector responsive to the incident SAW for creating a reflected SAW, the reflected SAW received by the transducer, the transducer for creating a response signal responsive to the reflected SAW, and the response signal transmitted from the antenna, characteristics of the response signal dependent on a condition of the sacrificial link.

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CHARACTERIZING GLASS SHEETS

Disclosed is an apparatus for characterizing attributes of a moving glass sheet comprising complementary mechanical material handling technologies that progressively stabilize, position, capture, flatten, and release the lower portion of glass sheets traveling past the apparatus while posing minimal constraint on the top section of the sheet. The apparatus includes a pressure-vacuum (PV)-type device comprising distinct regions such that the glass sheets experience a non-contact but gradual increase in constraining force until the point where measurements can be performed, then a gradual decrease in constraining force until the glass sheets are released from the inspection station. This graduated force technique is applied along the direction of travel of the sheets and may also be applied vertically upwards along the height of the sheet to restrict the motion of the sheet without constraining it at pinch points near the conveyor. 1. An apparatus for characterizing glass sheets as the glass sheets move past the apparatus comprising:an air bearing comprising an annular inner porous body portion, and an outer porous body portion disposed about the inner porous body portion, the inner porous body portion defining a central passage extending through a thickness of the air bearing; anda plurality of stabilizing air knives positioned upstream of the air bearing relative to a direction of travel of the glass sheets; anda measurement device to measure at least one attribute of the glass sheet, the measurement device being aligned with the central passage of the air bearing.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the inner porous body portion comprises a circular groove in a surface thereof claim 1 , and a plurality of radial grooves intersect the circular groove.3. The apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the surface of the inner porous body portion comprises a vacuum port.4. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the outer porous body portion comprises a ...

System, method and apparatus for forensic marking

A forensic marker is disclosed including a marker that is added to the host material and is detectable for at least the expected life of the host material. The marker is inert with respect to the host material in that it does not significantly affect the desired qualities of the host material (e.g. weight, adhesive properties, structural integrity, etc). The marker is detectable, for example, by instruments, during the life of the host material.

Method for measuring corrosion in a concrete building

The invention relates to a process for controlling the corrosion of a concrete structure, in which said structure includes at least one sensor comprising a metal element located at a determined depth between the surface of the concrete and the first reinforcement bed, said process including the measurement of the corrosion of said metal element by implementing: the induction heating of said metal element, by applying magnetic excitation above the surface of the structure, the production of at least one thermographic image of the surface of the structure, and the deduction, on the basis of the thermographic image, of the degree of corrosion of the metal element. The invention also relates to a process for producing a concrete structure, in which at least one sensor including a metal element is placed in the concrete in order to subsequently implement said corrosion inspection process.

TRACERS FOR DETECTING THE PRESENCE OF SOLID ADMIXTURES

In some variations, this disclosure provides a method of verifying the presence of an admixture in association with a solid base material, by combining the admixture with a stable inorganic tracer. A sample of the solid base material may be analyzed, using suitable analytical techniques, to detect the presence of the inorganic tracer in excess of any native inorganic tracer. When the inorganic tracer is positively detected, it is confirmed that the traceable admixture has been properly dosed within the base material. The inorganic tracer may comprise a rare earth metal, such as selenium, molybdenum, bismuth, and combinations, alloys, or oxides thereof, for example. The solid base material may be a cementitious material, in some embodiments. The traceable admixture may be a water-repellent admixture, in some embodiments. The principles of the invention, however, are widely applicable. 1. A method of verifying the presence of a water-repellent admixture in association with a cementitious material , said method comprising:(a) providing a water-repellent admixture suitable for combining with a cementitious material;(b) providing an inorganic tracer that is substantially water-insoluble and stable in the presence of said water-repellent admixture and said cementitious material;(c) combining said water-repellent admixture and said inorganic tracer to form a traceable water-repellent admixture;(d) obtaining a sample comprising said cementitious material, in uncured or cured form; and(e) analyzing said sample for the presence of said traceable admixture, by detecting said inorganic tracer, if present in said sample in excess of any native inorganic tracer associated with said cementitious material;wherein positive detection of said inorganic tracer within said sample indicates that a step of combining said traceable admixture with said cementitious material has been performed.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said inorganic tracer is quantified within said sample claim 1 , ...

VOID DETECTION SYSTEM

A void detection system for detecting voids in fresh concrete is disclosed. The void detection system includes at least one probe disposed on a vibrator and adapted to detect voids in the fresh concrete, and an indicator in communication with the at least one probe and adapted to receive real-time data from the at least one probe. Upon receiving the real-time data, the indicator relays information to a user indicative of the fresh concrete's consolidation. 1. A void detection system effective in detecting voids in fresh concrete , comprising:(a) at least one probe disposed on a vibrator and adapted to detect voids in the fresh concrete;(b) an indicator in communication with the at least one probe and adapted to receive real-time data from the at least one probe, wherein upon receiving the real-time data, the indicator relays information to a user indicative of the fresh concrete's consolidation.2. The void detection system according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one probe is a gamma density probe.3. The void detection system according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one probe is an electrical conductivity probe.4. The void detection system according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one probe is a P-wave velocity probe.5. The void detection system according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one probe is a time-domain reflectometry probe.6. The void detection system according to claim 1 , wherein the void detection system includes a plurality of probes disposed on the vibrator claim 1 , including a gamma density probe claim 1 , an electrical conductivity probe claim 1 , a P-wave velocity probe claim 1 , and a time-domain reflectometry probe.7. The void detection system according to claim 1 , wherein the indicator provides a Go/No-Go indication to the user.8. A void detection system effective in detecting voids in fresh concrete claim 1 , comprising:(a) a vibrator adapted to vibrate fresh concrete and improve concrete consolidation;(b) a plurality of probes ...

MEASUREMENT OF PROPERTIES OF SAMPLE OF CURING COMPOSITIONS UNDER HIGH PRESSURE

A method for testing a curing composition, comprising includes a curing composition; injecting the curing composition into a mold; curing the curing composition into a cured composition, in the mold at a controlled curing pressure; measuring at least one physical or mechanical property of the cured sample at a controlled test pressure, in the mold; the mold being rigid relatively to the cured sample during the curing step. 116-. (canceled)17. A method for testing a curing composition , the method comprising:providing a curing composition;injecting the curing composition into a mold;curing the curing composition into a cured sample, in the mold, at a controlled curing pressure; andmeasuring at least one physical or mechanical property of the cured sample at a controlled test pressure, in the mold;wherein the mold is rigid relative to the cured sample during the curing step.18. The method according to claim 17 , wherein the mold includes a main axis claim 17 , further comprising controlling the curing pressure by a stress exerted on the sample along the main axis of the mold.19. The method according to claim 17 , wherein the mold is also rigid relative to the cured sample during the measurement step claim 17 , the mold including a stainless steel wall.20. The method according to claim 19 , further comprising controlling the test pressure through at least one of: (a) by injecting an internal fluid into the mold claim 19 , and (b) by a stress exerted on the sample along the main axis of the mold.21. The method according to claim 17 , wherein the curing composition is selected from compositions of gels claim 17 , resins claim 17 , muds and hydraulic binders.22. The method according to claim 17 , wherein the mold is of cylindrical shape.23. The method according to claim 17 , further comprising regulating the temperature of the sample during at least one of: (a) the curing step claim 17 , and (b) the measurement step claim 17 , by maintaining the sample under adiabatic ...

METHOD FOR NON-DESTRUCTIVE CONDITION ASSESSMENT AND STRUCTURAL MONITORING OF CONCRETE RAILROAD TIES IN TRACK

A non-destructive testing method to evaluate the structural integrity of pre-stressed concrete railroad ties in track to identify deterioration and the eventual loss of bond between the reinforcing wires and the surrounding concrete. The application of an impact echo system to the end of each railroad tie will identify ties that have deteriorated to the extent that structural cracks have formed. The method includes employing a tool having a plurality of transducers and a single impinger to impart sound waves through a top surface of the railroad tie and to receive and evaluate the echoes of the sound waves to determine if the tie is structurally sound or structurally unsound. 1. A device for performing an in-track condition assessment of a concrete railroad tie utilizing impact echo pulses , comprising:a base;a plurality of transducers attached to the base which are capable of detecting an echo of a sound wave; anda single impinger connected to the plurality of transducers which is capable of imparting a sound wave.2. The device of wherein the plurality of transducers is three transducers.3. The device of wherein the base comprises a container which holds associated electronics for the plurality of transducers and the single impinger.4. The device of further comprising an indexing feature connected to the base.5. The device of further comprising a mechanism that allows the plurality of transducers to independently adjust to provide proper contact with the railroad tie.6. The device of further comprising an assessment mechanism to compare a nominal thickness of the railroad tie with an apparent depth measurement to determine if the railroad tie is structurally sound or structurally unsound.7. The device of wherein the assessment mechanism is capable to detect at least one of the conditions selected from the group consisting of deterioration claim 6 , cracking and wire recession capable of leading to structure failure.8. The device of wherein the assessment mechanism ...

METHOD OF REDUCING DISTORTION IN A SHEET OF GLASS

A method of reducing distortion in a glass sheet is described and comprises the steps of: forming a glass ribbon in a glass manufacturing process; separating a glass sheet from the glass ribbon, the glass sheet having a substantially flat surface; measuring a retardation through the surface of the glass sheet; defining a retardation parameter indicative of the retardation of the glass sheet; cutting the glass sheet into a plurality of sub-sheets; measuring a distortion of the sub-sheets; defining a distortion parameter indicative of the distortion of the sub-sheets; and determining a correlation between the retardation parameter and the distortion parameter such that the distortion parameter of sub-sheets of a subsequent glass sheet can be predicted based on the correlation. 1. A method of reducing distortion in a glass sheet , comprising the steps of:forming a glass ribbon in a glass manufacturing process;separating a glass sheet from the glass ribbon, the glass sheet having a substantially flat surface;measuring a retardation through the surface of the glass sheet;defining a retardation parameter indicative of the retardation of the glass sheet;cutting the glass sheet into a plurality of sub-sheets;measuring a distortion of the sub-sheets;defining a distortion parameter indicative of the distortion of the sub-sheets;determining a correlation between the retardation parameter and the distortion parameter such that the distortion parameter of sub-sheets of a subsequent glass sheet can be predicted based on the correlation; andmodifying the glass manufacturing process such that the retardation of the subsequent glass sheet is adjusted to thereby reduce the distortion of the sub-sheets from the subsequent glass sheet based on the correlation.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the distortion parameter is kept below a specific value with a predetermined probability.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of measuring the distortion of the sub-sheets involves ...

Method for specifying fracture resistance of mechanically stressed glass or glass ceramic

A method for specifying the material of glass or glass ceramic components by either the minimum service life of a component as a function of a predefined mechanical stress or the mechanical resistance as a function of a predefined service life during which mechanical stress occurs. The method enables a leaner dimensioning of mechanically stressed glass and glass ceramic components.

Method And Device for Measuring Corrosion Metal Loss

A method and system for detecting corrosion metal loss. One may provide a guided wave probe that includes an electromechanical device and a corrosion probe. This may be followed by measuring a baseline guided wave attenuation value of the corrosion probe with no corrosion. One may then periodically measure the guided wave attenuation of the corrosion probe and detect an increase in guided wave attenuation values and identify metal corrosion associated with the increase in guided wave attenuation values. This may then be followed by estimating the corrosion metal loss of the metallic component.

Method and apparatus for measuring and recording real time environmental conditions at target shell locations during the shell building process

An investment casting shell substrate sensor method and apparatus comprising a hollow probe having an aperture the aperture covered by a water proof breathable membrane (WPBM) that is constructed and arranged to repel liquid from entering the aperture while remaining permeable so as to allow vapor and air to pass through the aperture thereby creating a liquid free internal void within the hollow probe that receives a sensor for measuring the conditions (i.e. temperature and humidity) within the internal void which are accurately indicative of the conditions at the shell substrate at the aperture location. The disclosed sensor assembly provides target specific information at selected substrates within the shell real time, during the shell building process. 1. An investment casting shell substrate sensor assembly for measuring the conditions of the shell substrate during the shell building process , comprising:{'b': 10', '30, 'a hollow probe having one aperture ;'}{'b': 20', '30', '50', '10, 'a water proof breathable membrane (WPBM) that is constructed and arranged to cover the aperture thereby creating a liquid free internal void within the hollow probe ; and'}{'b': 40', '50', '30', '30', '40, 'a sensor enclosed within the internal void senses the vapor communicating through the aperture from a shell substrate adjacent to the aperture location, the sensor thereby providing information as to the conditions at the shell substrate.'}21030. The investment casting shell substrate sensor assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the hollow probe has more than one aperture .340. The investment casting shell substrate sensor assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the sensor senses relative humidity claim 1 , temperature claim 1 , or both.4101. The investment casting shell substrate sensor assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the hollow probe is constructed integrally within the wax part .5. A method to determine the condition of an investment casting shell substrate during ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR RAPID MEASUREMENT OF THE AIR VOID DISTRIBUTION OF FRESH CONCRETE

According to an embodiment, there is provided herein a method of determining the air void distribution in a sample of fresh concrete. One embodiment of the invention determines a parameter related to air void distribution by applying a known pressure to a fresh concrete sample, measuring a first value representative of the volume under compression, releases at least a portion of the pressure, reapplies the same pressure to the sample, measures a second value representative of the volume under the second compression, and uses differential between the first and second values to estimate a parameter related to the air void distribution. 1. A method of determining a parameter indicative of an air void distribution of a concrete sample , wherein is provided a first and a second container configurable to be placed into fluid communication with each other , the method comprising:a. placing said concrete sample in said first container;b. pressurizing said second container to a first pressure;c. placing said first container and said second container in fluid communication;d. determining a first equilibrium pressure;e. releasing at least a part of the pressure in the first container;f. removing said first and second container from fluid communication;g. pressurizing said second container to a second pressure;h. bringing said first container and said second container back into fluid communication with each other;i. determining a second equilibrium pressure; and,j. using at least said first equilibrium pressure and said second equilibrium pressure to determine said parameter indicative of said air void distribution of said concrete sample.2. A method of determining a parameter indicative of an air void distribution of a concrete sample according to claim 1 , wherein step (a) comprises the steps of:(a1) placing said concrete sample in said first container, and,(a2) adding a fluid to said first container containing said concrete until it is substantially full.3. A method of ...

GEM TESTER

A gem tester for testing a gem under test and a kit including a horizontal recharging stand are disclosed. In one embodiment of the gem tester, an elongated body has a line-of-sight contour tapering from a bulbous end to a radially deviating frontal nose having a probe extending therefrom. Internal circuitry measures electrical and thermal conductivity of the gem under test in order to identify the type of gem under test and drive a color control signal in response thereto. A luminescent mounting extends about the contact to provide, in response to the control signal, a color indication of the identified gem type. 1. A gem tester for testing a gem under test , the gem tester comprising:an elongated body;a probe extending from the elongated body;a circuit portion located within the elongated body, the circuit portion being electrically coupled to the probe to measure electrical conductivity of the gem under test;the circuit portion configured to determine identified type and drive a color control signal in response thereto;a luminescent mounting extending from the elongated body proximate the probe and disposed communicatively with the circuit portion, the luminescent mounting providing a plurality of colors corresponding to the plurality of gem types, the luminescent mounting lighting one of the plurality of colors in response to receiving the color control signal; anda line-of-sight contour extending along the elongated body, including the luminescent mounting to the probe.2. The gem tester as recited in claim 1 , wherein the elongated body further comprises:a first end having a radially deviating frontal nose;a second end having a bulbous form;the elongated body being tapered from the first end to the second end; anda center of mass being proximate the second end when the gem tester is batteried.3. The gem tester as recited in claim 2 , wherein the elongated body further comprises a tripod contoured surface proximate to the first end claim 2 , the tripod contoured ...

OPTICAL ANALYZER

A spectroscopic measuring device includes a halogen lamp as a light source, a lens of an irradiating system, a mirror, and a spectrometer. The lens of the irradiating optical system emits light from the halogen lamp to a measurement object. The mirror is an optical member, and the mirror is arranged coaxial with the lens and conducts detecting light between the halogen lamp and the measurement object, to the spectrometer. The spectrometer is an analyzing part and analyzes material of the measurement object on the basis of the light received via the mirror. The light from the halogen lamp to the measurement object passes through the peripheral part of the optical axis of the lens, and the light to be received by the spectrometer passes through the center part of the optical axis of the lens, at the position of the mirror. 1. An optical analyzer comprising:a light source;an irradiating optical system that emits light from the light source to a measurement object;an optical member that shares an optical axis with the irradiating optical system and that conducts the light between the light source and the measurement object, to a light receiving part; andan analyzing part that has the light receiving part, which receives the light via the optical member, and that analyzes the material of the measurement object on the basis of the received light,wherein the light from the light source to the measurement object passes through a peripheral part of the optical axis, and the light to be received by the light receiving part passes through a center part of the optical axis, at the position of the optical member.2. An optical analyzer comprising:an irradiating optical system having a light source, an elliptical mirror that concentrates light from the light source and that forms a secondary light source point, and a lens member that emits the light from the secondary light source point to a measurement object;an analyzing part that receives at least some of the light that has ...

LABORATORY DEVICE AND METHOD FOR SIMULATING CEMENT SHEATH CONSOLIDATION IN FROZEN SOIL STRATA

A laboratory device for simulating the cement sheath consolidation in the frozen soil strata includes the main body, the pressure system and the measuring system. The main body includes the fixing plate, the detachable plate and the base plate. The circular hole is provided in the center of the base. The central column or the heat insulating casing is mounted on the base through the circular hole. The fixing plate, the detachable plate, the base plate and the central column or the heat insulating casing form a cavity for preparing the core and the cement sheath. During use, the device is placed in a low temperature context, and then the frozen soil core with a hollow cylinder can be artificially fabricated. Further, the heat insulating casing holder is placed, and the cement is added to simulate the state of the cement sheath consolidation under the actual strata conditions. 1. A laboratory device for simulating a cement sheath consolidation in frozen soil strata , comprising: a main body , a pressure system and a measuring system; whereinthe main body comprises fixing plates, detachable plates and a base plate; a circular hole is provided in a center of a base holder; a central column or a heat insulating casing is mounted on the base through the circular hole; a cavity for preparing a core and a cement sheath is formed by the fixing plates, the detachable plates, the base plate and the central column or the heat insulating casing; the detachable plate comprises limiting plates and pressure transmitting plates;the pressure system comprises an axial pressure pressurizing device and confining pressure pressurizing devices, the axial pressure pressurizing device is located above the cavity, and the confining pressure pressurizing devices are located outside the detachable plates; andthe measuring system comprises acoustic wave transmitters, acoustic wave receivers, temperature sensors and strain gauges, the measuring system is connected to a controller; the acoustic ...

Method To Design For Thickening Time Using Cementitious Blend Composition

A method of designing a cement slurry may include: (a) selecting at least a cement and concentration thereof, water and concentration thereof, and, optionally, at least one supplementary cementitious material and a concentration thereof, such that a cement slurry comprising the cement, the water, and, if present, the at least one supplementary cementitious material, meet a density requirement; (b) calculating a thickening time of the cement slurry using a thickening time model; (c) comparing the thickening time of the cement slurry to a thickening time requirement, wherein steps (a)-(c) are repeated if the thickening time of the cement slurry does not meet or exceed the thickening time requirement, wherein the selecting comprises selecting different concentrations and/or different chemical identities for the cement and/or the supplementary cementitious material than previously selected, or step (d) is performed if the thickening time of the cement slurry meets or exceeds the thickening time requirement; and preparing the cement slurry.

IDENTIFYING AND GRADING DIAMONDS

A method for generating a highly distinctive signature of a certain diamond, the method may include generating, based on one or more images of the certain diamond, a certain diamond signature of the certain diamond; finding, out of a group of reference diamonds, other diamonds having other diamond signatures; wherein the finding comprises calculating similarities between the certain diamond signature and reference diamond signatures of the reference diamonds of the group; and generating a new certain diamond signature that significantly differs from signatures of the other diamonds. 1. A method for generating a highly distinctive signature of a certain precious gem , the method comprises:generating, based on one or more images of the certain precious gem, a certain precious gem signature of the certain precious gem;finding, out of a group of reference precious gems, other precious gems having other precious gem signatures; wherein the finding comprises calculating similarities between the certain precious gem signature and reference precious gem signatures of the reference precious gems of the group; andgenerating a new certain precious gem signature that significantly differs from signatures of the other precious gems.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the certain precious gem signature comprises indexes that point to features of the one or more images of the certain precious gem.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the finding of the other precious gems comprises finding claim 2 , out of the group of reference precious gems claim 2 , best matching reference precious gems that are more similar to the certain precious gem than other reference precious gems of the group.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the finding of the other precious gems is followed by searching for at least one non-distinctive index of the certain precious gem signature that does not differentiate the certain precious gem from the best matching reference precious ...

ADIABATIC CONCRETE CALORIMETER AND METHOD

An adiabatic concrete calorimeter that has a thermal chamber which includes a cover and an insulated test cylinder container for containing a cylindrical concrete sample to be tested by being inserted and sealed into the thermal chamber. A plurality of temperature sensors is positioned in spaced-apart locations on the test cylinder container with leads connecting the sensors to a control box containing a data storage device.

Method and apparatus for continuously checking casing cement quality

A system for monitoring downhole cement quality in a cased well includes an active acoustic source that generates acoustic waves, a distributed acoustic sensor, and a controller. The distributed acoustic sensor includes an optical fiber disposed on an outer surface of a casing of the cased well; a pulsed laser coupled to the optical fiber and that transmits pulses of laser light along the optical fiber; a sensor that detects light that is backscattered and reflected by the optical fiber; and a processor that controls the pulsed laser, receives signals from the sensor, and converts the signals into acoustic information. The controller receives the acoustic information from the processor and identifies well integrity loss.

METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR ASSESSEMENT OF CONCRETE CARBONATION

Provided herein are methods and compositions for determining and reporting carbon dioxide sequestered and/or carbon dioxide avoided in operations involving concrete, including concrete raw material transport, concrete production, and concrete use. 1. A. A system comprising (a) the first concrete production facility comprises a first apparatus to add exogenous carbon dioxide to a component of a first batch of concrete, the first batch of concrete, or both, produced at the facility,', '(b) a first system to determine information regarding carbon dioxide flow and/or quantity added to the component of the first batch of concrete, carbon dioxide flow and/or quantity added to the first batch of concrete in the first apparatus, a mix design for the first batch of concrete, or a weight of cement used in the first batch of concrete, or a combination thereof, and', '(c) a first transmitter to transmit the information to a first processor; and, '(i) a first concrete production facility, wherein'} (a) receives inputs from the system for determining information in the first concrete production facility; and', '(b) processes the inputs to determine an amount of carbon dioxide sequestered and/or offset for the batch of concrete., '(ii) the first processor, wherein the first processor'}2. The system of wherein the component of the first batch of concrete comprises mix water claim 1 , aggregates claim 1 , supplementary cementitious material claim 1 , cement prior to addition to the mix claim 1 , or a combination thereof.3. The system of wherein the component comprises concrete mix water comprising carbonated wash water from the concrete production facility.4. The system of wherein the first processor (iii) sends the output of step (ii)(c) to a first system to provide a representation of the carbon dioxide sequestered and/or offset to a user.5. The system of wherein the processor further determines a carbon credit or partial credit based claim 1 , at least in part claim 1 , on the ...

Skewed sectional measurement of striated glass

Thickness and group index variations in test strip samples of ultra-low expansion glass are made by extracting the strip samples with front and back faces oriented at an acute skew angle to the axis of the boule. The strip samples are positioned the within an interferometric measurement cavity so that a set of subcavities formed by pairings of each of two reference surfaces together with each of the front and back faces of the strip sample which each subcavity having a different optical path length spacing. The skew angle is sized to avoid diffusion effects of striae present in the boule.

SYSTEMS, METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR PROVIDING TO A DRIVER OF A VEHICLE CARRYING A MIXTURE REAL-TIME INFORMATION RELATING TO A CHARACTERISTIC OF THE MIXTURE

Information relating to a change made to a concrete mixture in a concrete mixer truck is obtained. An expected value of a selected characteristic of the concrete mixture is determined based on the change. A representation of the expected value is displayed on a processing device located in a cab of the concrete mixer truck. In one embodiment, the mixture comprises a concrete mixture. The change may comprise an addition of water to the mixture. 1. A system comprising:at least one memory storing computer program instructions; and obtaining, from a device in a vehicle, information relating to a change made to a mixture while the mixture is being transported in the vehicle;', 'determining an expected value of a selected characteristic of the mixture based on the change; and', 'causing a communication device to display a web page that includes a representation of the expected value., 'at least one processor configured to execute the computer program instructions which, when executed on the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform operations comprising2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the change comprises an addition of a chemical to the mixture.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the mixture is produced based on a formulation claim 1 , 'causing the communication device to display a graphical representation of a gauge, wherein an indicator of the gauge indicates a difference between the expected value and a second value of the characteristic determined based on the formulation.', 'the operations further comprising4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the graphical representation of a gauge includes an indication of whether or not the difference is within a predetermined tolerance.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein:the mixture is a concrete mixture; andthe vehicle is a concrete mixing truck.6. A method of managing information claim 1 , the method comprising:determining a change made to a mixture during transport of the mixture in a vehicle; ...

QUANTIFICATION OF SURFACE ACIDITY ON A LOW SURFACE AREA MATERIAL

Methods and systems of analyzing and quantifying a surface acidity on a low surface area sample are disclosed. The methods include analyzing a quantity of an effluent molecular probe desorption from a temperature programmed desorption (TPD) process and system, by employing a mass spectroscopy (MS) system. The molecular probe is chemically adsorbed on a clean surface of the sample before the TPD process. The sample has a surface area to mass ratio of less than 5 m/g. In some embodiments, the total surface area analyzed in the method can be as low as 3 m. 1. A method of quantification of surface acidity of a sample , the method comprising the steps of:(1) removing surface moisture of the sample using a pretreatment process;(2) adsorbing a molecular probe on a surface of the sample;(3) removing physically adsorbed molecular probe from the surface of the sample;(4) releasing the adsorbed molecular probe by a method that includes a temperature programmed desorption (TPD) process; and(5) analyzing a total amount of the molecular probe desorbed from the TPD process by a method that includes mass spectroscopy (MS),{'sup': '2', 'wherein the sample has a surface area to mass ratio of less than 5 m/g.'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the surface area to mass ratio is less than 1 m/g.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sample has a total surface area of at least 3 m.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the sample has a total surface area of not greater than 25 m.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sample comprises a catalyst carrier.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sample comprises a ceramic material.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sample comprises alumina claim 1 , zirconia claim 1 , titania claim 1 , silica claim 1 , zeolite claim 1 , or a combination thereof.8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: calculating a surface acidity site density based on the total amount of the molecular probe desorbed and a total surface area of the sample.9. The method ...

Optical Measurement System

An optical measurement system comprising a vessel for non-invasively testing a sample material composition in-situ and in real time. The test chamber is configured to hold a sample material composition for a wellbore. The optical measurement system is configured to provide in-situ monitoring of the sample material composition in real time and at high temperature and high pressure. Dimensional and geometrical changes occurring within the sample material composition are monitored using the optical measurement system. The system further performs goniometry on a sample. 1. A measurement system for providing real-time , in-situ measurements of dimensional changes of a sample , comprising:a vessel including an internal volume configured to house the sample;a means for controlling pressure and temperature in the internal volume of the vessel; andan optical sensor configured to monitor dimensional changes in the sample over time and perform goniometry on the sample.2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising an optical sensor disposed on top of the vessel and configured to monitor the position of the sample within the internal volume of the vessel.3. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of optical sensors.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the optical sensors are disposed about the perimeter of the vessel.5. The system of claim 4 , further comprising:a reference point; andan image processing system,wherein the optical sensors are configured to be self-calibrating with regard to the reference point by the image processing system.6. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a circular flexible ring mold capable of expanding and contracting and disposed within the internal volume of the vessel claim 1 , wherein the ring mold is disposed around the sample.7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the ring mold comprises light sources being detectable by the optical sensor.8. The system of claim 7 , wherein deviation of the light sources over time is indicative of ...

CONCRETE TEMPERATURE STRESS TESTING MACHINE SYSTEM AND CONCRETE TEMPERATURE STRESS TESTING METHOD

A concrete temperature stress testing machine system including: a concrete temperature stress testing machine and a walk-in environment simulation laboratory system; and the walk-in environment simulation laboratory system includes a walk-in environment simulation laboratory, a host control cabinet, a compressor set room, an environment room control cabinet and a computer. The concrete temperature stress testing machine achieves the temperature deformation self-compensation by using the combination of different proportions of invar and No. 45 steel, an embedded type directly measuring deformation technology of the concrete temperature stress testing is achieved by the fit between the upper and side embedded parts, the embedded rod and the extending rod. The concrete temperature stress testing machine system according to embodiments of the present disclosure may compensate the impact of the temperature deformation by itself and directly measure the true deformation of concrete, thereby having high accuracy, good long-term stability, easy operation and other advantages. 1. A concrete temperature stress testing machine system comprising a concrete temperature stress testing machine and a walk-in environment simulation laboratory system , wherein the concrete temperature stress testing machine is disposed within the walk-in environment simulation laboratory system , wherein ,the walk-in environment simulation laboratory system comprises an outer laboratory, a walk-in environment simulation laboratory disposed in the outer laboratory, and a host control cabinet, a compressor set room, an environment room control cabinet and a computer disposed between the outer laboratory and the walk-in environment simulation laboratory;a plurality of concrete temperature stress testing machines are arranged in the walk-in environment simulation laboratory at the same time;the environment room control cabinet is provided with an environment simulation control unit therein, and the ...

Sensor device, and systems and methods for obtaining measurements of selected characteristics of a concrete mixture

A sensor device includes a housing having a hole allowing substances to pass from an exterior of the housing to an interior of the housing, and a printed circuit board having a humidity sensor and at least one electronic component. The sensor device also includes a tube comprising a waterproof material, wherein a first end of the tube surrounds the humidity sensor, wherein a first seal is formed by between the first end of the tube and the printed circuit board, wherein a second end of the tube is located proximate the hole. The sensor device also includes a waterproof, breathable material layer disposed between the second end of the tube and the hole, wherein a second seal is formed between the material layer and the housing, wherein a third seal is formed between the material layer and the second end of the tube. The hole and the material layer allow water vapor to pass from the exterior to the humidity sensor. The first, second, and third seals prevent the water vapor from reaching the at least one electronic component.

TEST EQUIPMENT DETERMINING CONCRETE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH CLASS

This invention is test equipment for determining a concrete's compressive strength class and characteristic equivalent cube compressive strength value while the concrete is in its fresh concrete period. 1. A test equipment for determining a concrete's compressive strength class , which is characterized by concrete cabin and operating system cabin.21011. The concrete cabin of claim 1 , wherein a chrome mobile cover with a minimum 2-mm internal wall () and silicon-based tubular joint ring ().31516171819202122232425262728. The concrete cabin of claim 1 , wherein the concrete cabin including heat insulation () claim 1 , water disposal system () claim 1 , water heater resistance () claim 1 , water precipitation apparatus () claim 1 , steel spiral hose () claim 1 , water balance and disposal system () claim 1 , water tank () claim 1 , water tank transporter cantilevers () claim 1 , fresh concrete bucket () claim 1 , rubber wheels () claim 1 , testing set transporter and routing levers () claim 1 , fresh concrete bucket transporter and holding shanks () claim 1 , chrome bath () claim 1 , and balance () parts.4987512431323334353637. The concrete cabin of claim 1 , wherein the LCD result screen () claim 1 , data entry control keyboard () claim 1 , PLC controller power button () claim 1 , energy power button () claim 1 , fresh concrete thermometer entry/exit point () claim 1 , electrical resistivity meter entry/exit point () claim 1 , heat treatment J-type thermocouple entry/exit point () claim 1 , contactor () claim 1 , system operational lighting () claim 1 , microprocessor card-PLC () claim 1 , empirical equation () claim 1 , power pack transducer () claim 1 , temperature sensor () and electrical resistivity sensor ().533. The microprocessor card-PLC () of claim 4 , including the empirical equation conducting calculations to determine the concrete's compressive strength class.621211530. The water tank () of claim 3 , wherein the water tank () includes heat insulation () ...

CAPACITIVE PRESSURE SENSOR FOR MONITORING CONSTRUCTION STRUCTURES, PARTICULARLY MADE OF CONCRETE

A capacitive sensor for monitoring stresses acting in a construction structure and having a multi-layer structure provided with an upper conductive layer defining an upper outer surface of the sensor. A lower conductive layer defines a lower outer surface. At least a first structural layer of insulating material is in contact with the upper conductive layer and at least a second structural layer of insulating material is in contact with the lower conductive layer. At least a first plate layer of conductive material and at least a second plate layer, of conductive material, and at least one dielectric layer is interposed between the first plate layer and the second plate layer to define at least one detection capacitor inside the multi-layer structure of the sensor. The upper and lower conductive layers jointly defining an electromagnetic screen for screening the detection capacitor against electromagnetic interference originating from outside the capacitive sensor. 1. A capacitive sensor , comprising: an upper conductive layer defining an upper outer surface of said sensor;', 'a lower conductive layer defining a lower outer surface of said sensor, said upper conductive layer and said lower conductive layer configured to jointly define an electromagnetic screen for screening said detection capacitor against electromagnetic interference originating from outside said capacitive sensor;', 'at least a first structural layer of insulating material in contact with said upper conductive layer;', 'at least a second structural layer of insulating material in contact with said lower conductive layer;', 'at least a first plate layer, of conductive material;', 'at least a second plate layer of conductive material; and', 'at least one dielectric layer interposed between said first plate layer and said second plate layer to define at least one detection capacitor inside the multi-layer structure of said capacitive sensor., 'a multi-layer structure including2. The sensor according ...

METHOD FOR EVALUATING BREAKAGE STRENGTH OF FIRST AND SECOND CEMENTED SURFACES OF WELL CEMENTATION UNDER DYNAMIC LOAD

A method for evaluating the breakage strength of first and second cemented surfaces of well cementation under a dynamic load, includes: producing a rock-set cement-casing composite structure sample; clamping the sample between an incident rod and an output rod of a Hopkinson rod, hitting the incident rod with a conical punch to generate incident waves, enabling the incident waves to pass through the sample to generate reflected waves and projected waves, recording dynamic strain signals of incident waves, reflected waves and projected waves, and converting the dynamic strain signals into electrical signals and transmitting the electrical signals to a computer; recording the process and the corresponding time point from breakage starting to a complete breakage of the first and second cemented surfaces by a photographic instrument; obtaining a strain rate time travel curve and a stress-strain curve, and obtaining the corresponding breakage strength by analyzing the curve peak points. 1. A method for evaluating a breakage strength of first and second cemented surfaces of a well cementation under a dynamic load , sequentially comprising the following steps:(1) producing a rock-set cement-casing composite structure sample;connecting a left part and a right part of a middle mold body with screws; fixing a lower cover to form a cuboid curing mold with a plurality of cylindrical inner cavities; placing round steel blocks at a bottom of each of the plurality of cylindrical inner cavities and then pouring a cement slurry; placing a round rock on a surface of the cement slurry, and covering with an upper cover, the upper cover provided with a groove for discharging a redundant cement slurry; then placing the mold in a water bath kettle and curing to a desired age; demolding, and taking the round steel blocks, set cement and the round rock out together to obtain the rock-set cement-casing composite structure sample; sub-step 1) coating two end surfaces of the rock-set cement- ...

SYSTEMS, APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR TESTING AND PREDICTING THE PERFORMANCE OF CONCRETE MIXTURES

A mobile calorimeter includes a container comprising one or more walls defining a cavity. The container is adapted to hold a concrete mixture within the cavity. The mobile calorimeter also includes one or more heat flow sensors adapted to detect a heat flow generated by the concrete mixture. The heat flow sensors may include a thermoelectric device, a Peltier plate, or a macro fiber composite (MFC) sensor. The one or more heat flow sensors may be attached to the one or more walls, or may be embedded within the one or more walls. Data relating to a heat flow is obtained by the heat flow sensors, and is used to generate a prediction of a characteristic or performance of the concrete mixture. 1. An apparatus comprising:a first cylindrical wall having a first radius;a second cylindrical wall having a second radius greater than the first radius;a first end portion having an interior surface, the first end portion being solid with no opening that passes therethrough; anda second end portion, the second end portion being solid with no opening that passes therethrough; a first volume is defined by the first cylindrical wall, the first end portion and the second end portion, the first volume being adapted to hold a concrete test cylinder; and', 'a second volume is defined between the first and second cylindrical walls;, 'whereinthe apparatus further comprising:a temperature sensor disposed on the interior surface of the first end portion, wherein the temperature sensor protrudes from the interior surface and does not penetrate the first end portion, the temperature sensor being adapted to obtain a measurement of temperature of the concrete mixture; andone or more heat flow sensors disposed in the second volume between the first and second walls, wherein each of the one or more heat flow sensors is separated from the concrete mixture disposed in the first volume by the first wall.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the one or more heat flow sensors include one of a ...

Concrete sensor device and system

A structure sensor device monitors physical properties within a body of concrete, rock, soil or other structure. The structure sensor device can be embedded inside the body of the structure in use. The structure sensor device includes: a sealed housing; sensors for measuring physical properties within the body of structure, such as a temperature sensor and a moisture sensor; and a wireless transceiver for wirelessly communicating with a gateway device located outside of the body of structure. The wireless transceiver is configured for wirelessly communicating at frequencies of less than 1 GHz. There is a controller configured to obtain sensor data from the sensors, generate monitoring data using at least some of the sensor data, and cause the monitoring data to be transmitted to the gateway device using the wireless transceiver, at predetermined intervals.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROVIDING REAL TIME AIR MEASUREMENT APPLICATIONS IN WET CONCRETE USING DUAL FREQUENCY TECHNIQUES

Apparatus is provided having an acoustic-based air probe with an acoustic source configured to provide an acoustic signal into a mixture of concrete; and an acoustic receiver configured to be substantially co-planar with the acoustic source, to respond to the acoustic signal, and to provide signaling containing information about the acoustic signal injected into the mixture of concrete. 142-. (canceled)43. Apparatus comprising: receive signaling containing information about an acoustic signal injected into a mixture of concrete; and', 'determine a measurement of air percentage in the mixture of concrete based at least partly on a dual frequency technique that depends on a relationship between the acoustic signal injected and the signaling received., 'a signal processor configured to'}44. Apparatus according to claim 43 , whereinthe acoustic signal injected is a reference signal;the signaling received is detected signaling; andthe signal processor configured to determine the measurement of air percentage in the mixture of concrete based at least partly on mixing the reference signal with the detected signaling using a phase sensitive lock-in approach.45. Apparatus according to claim 44 , wherein the signal processor is configured todetermine a resulting signal based at least partly on the mixing of the reference signal with the detected signaling;filter the resulting signal, including with a low pass filter, to get a DC component; anddetermine a value that is proportional to amplitude and phase components of the detected signaling at the frequency of the reference signal.46. Apparatus according to claim 45 , wherein the signal processor is also configured to determine a corresponding value that is proportional to corresponding amplitude and phase components of the detected signaling with the frequency of reference signal shifted by 90 deg.47. Apparatus according to claim 46 , wherein the signal processor is configured to determine a signal phase difference based at ...

Measuring Device, and Systems and Methods for Obtaining Data Relating to Condition and Performance of Concrete Mixtures

A measuring device is embedded in a section of concrete at a location at a construction site, the measuring device being adapted to obtain a measurement of a first characteristic of the section of concrete and transmit the measurement via wireless transmission. The first characteristic may include temperature, humidity, conductivity, impedance, salinity, etc. A local wireless gateway receives the measurement data and transmits the data to a processor. Alternatively, an airborne drone flying above the construction site receives the measurement data and transmits the data to the processor. The processor generates a predicted second characteristic of the section of concrete based on the measurement data. For example, the second characteristic may include strength, slump, age, maturity, etc., of the concrete. 1. A system comprising:a structure comprising a concrete mixture; a shell comprising a first portion and a second portion, the first portion being detachably connected to the second portion, the first and second portions defining an enclosed volume;', a sensor device including one of a temperature sensor adapted to generate a temperature measurement, a salinity sensor adapted to generate a salinity measurement, a conductivity sensor adapted to generate a conductivity measurement, an impedance sensor adapted to generate an impedance measurement, and a humidity sensor adapted to generate a humidity measurement; and', 'an antenna adapted to transmit data representing at least one of the temperature measurement, the salinity measurement, the conductivity measurement, the impedance measurement, and the humidity measurement; and, 'wherein the enclosed volume comprises, receive from each respective measuring device embedded in the concrete mixture data pertaining to the concrete mixture; and', 'determine one or more characteristics of the concrete mixture based on the data received., 'a processor adapted to], 'a plurality of measuring devices embedded at respective ...

Systems, Methods and Apparatus for Obtaining Data Relating to Condition and Performance of Concrete Mixtures

A sensing device includes a shell comprising an elastomeric material, the shell including a first portion having a first end and a second portion having a second end. The shell may be egg-shaped. The first portion includes a conducting disc and a plate that includes a temperature sensor, a location sensor, and a micro-fiber composite sensor. The first portion also includes an antenna and a first electrode extending through a first hole in the first portion of the shell. The second portion includes a quantity of a metallic substance embedded on the inside surface of an end of the second portion, and a second electrode extending through a second hole in the second portion of the shell. The sensing device may be inserted into a concrete mixture, obtain measurements relating to the concrete mixture, and transmit data to a database.

METHOD OF MEASURING STATE OF CONCRETE

To provide a method of measuring a state of concrete capable of easily determining or measuring deterioration of the concrete without using a spectroscopy while maintaining the estimation accuracy. The method of the present disclosure emits an irradiation light to the concrete, the irradiation light including a wavelength range of near infrared light related to concrete measurement; and receives a reflection light of the irradiation light P reflected on the concrete. The method determines at least five wavelengths λ to λ to λ, different from each other by PLS regression analysis within a wavelength range of 900 nm to 2500 nm of absorption spectrum, and estimates a degree of neutralization of the concrete caused by calcium hydroxide and a concentration of chloride ion. 1. A method of measuring a state of concrete , comprising:emitting an irradiation light to concrete, the irradiation light including a wavelength range of near infrared light;receiving a reflection light of the irradiation light reflected on the concrete;determining at least five wavelengths different from each other by PLS regression analysis within a wavelength range of 900 nm to 2500 nm of absorption spectrum; andestimating a degree of neutralization of the concrete caused by calcium hydroxide and a concentration of chloride ion.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the degree of neutralization caused by the calcium hydroxide is estimated in accordance with two wavelengths within the wavelength range of 900 nm to 2500 nm of the absorption spectrum and three wavelengths within the wavelength range of 1700 nm to 2500 nm claim 1 , andthe concentration of the chloride ion is estimated in accordance with one wavelength within the wavelength range of 900 nm to 1700 nm of the absorption spectrum and four wavelengths within the wavelength range of 1700 nm to 2500 nm.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the degree of neutralization caused by the calcium hydroxide is estimated in accordance ...

SNEAK WATER DETECTION FOR CONCRETE DELIVERY VEHICLES

The invention provides a method and system for detecting “sneak” additions of water or other fluid into the mixing drum of a concrete delivery vehicle having an automated rheology (e.g., slump) monitoring system. Sneak fluid additions are detected based on continuous rheology monitoring, even where valves and flow meters on the delivery vehicle are not used for the fluid addition. The invention is effective for monitoring additions by truck drivers who might add water from an undocumented water source (e.g., hose) along the delivery route or at the site, to hasten pouring, placement, and finishing at the time of delivery. Once sneak fluid addition is detected, the methods and system provide for reporting in the form of alerts, alarms, or other indications that sneak fluid addition has occurred, including monitor graphs or printouts confirming existence and/or extent of sneak fluid added into the vehicle mixing drum. 1. A process for detecting fluid addition into concrete contained within a delivery vehicle mixing drum , comprising:(A) monitoring changes in a rheology property of a concrete mix contained within a delivery vehicle mixing drum on a continuous basis by means of a computer processor unit (hereinafter “CPU”);(B) detecting when a change in monitored rheology property of a concrete mix exceeds a predetermined minimum rheology change value which has been inputted into or made accessible to said CPU;(C) determining, for each detected rheology change beyond said predetermined minimum rheology change value, whether such rheology change beyond said predetermined minimum rheology change value is due to fluid addition not monitored by said CPU and is sustained beyond a predetermined minimum period of time and/or predetermined minimum number of drum rotations, or both (hereinafter “sneak fluid” condition); and(D) reporting the occurrence of a sneak fluid condition as determined in (C) or otherwise preventing or restricting further fluid additions by at least one of ...

Electrical methods and systems for concrete testing

Hundreds of thousands of concrete bridges and hundreds of billions of tons of concrete require characterization with time for corrosion. Accordingly, protocols for rapid testing and improved field characterization systems that automatically triangulate electrical resistivity and half-cell corrosion potential measurements would be beneficial allowing discrete/periodic mapping of a structure to be performed as well as addressing testing for asphalt covered concrete. Further, it is the low frequency impedance of rebar in concrete that correlates to corrosion state but these are normally time consuming vulnerable to noise. Hence, it would be beneficial to provide a means of making low frequency electrical resistivity measurements rapidly. Further, prior art techniques for electrical rebar measurements require electrical connection be made to the rebar which increases measurement complexity/disruption/repair/cost even when no corrosion is identified. Beneficially a method of determining the state of a rebar without electrical contact is taught.

MINIMIZING VARIATION DUE TO CONSTRUCTION AGGREGATE MOISTURE PROBES

Described are a method and system for minimizing errors in the manufacture or management of aggregate-containing construction materials such as concrete. Aggregates used for making concrete are stored or weighed in dry bulk bin type hoppers, and conveyed from these hoppers into mixer drums which batching or mix the concrete. The hoppers or conveyor belts may contain sensor probes for measuring moisture levels in the aggregate. These sensor probes require calibration from time to time, but time and expense are required for proper calibration, leading to habitually erroneous moisture level data used in the industry on a daily basis. The present inventors believe that the smallest inaccuracies in aggregate moisture level readings can have profound effects on the properties of the resultant concrete product. To confront this problem, the present inventors discovered that the inaccuracy of these aggregate moisture sensors, as used for evaluating the aggregate as a dry bulk material, can be detected and even addressed through the use of slump monitoring systems to evaluate the concrete slurry mix prepared from the aggregates. 1. A method for assessing aggregate moisture probe accuracy in concrete manufacture , comprising:(A) comparing currently monitored slump values of a slurried concrete mixture prepared from aggregates dispensed from a hopper or conveyor belt, with slump values predicted for the slurried concrete mixture, based on the aggregate moisture levels as detected by a probe in the hopper or conveyor belt from which the aggregates were dispensed to make the concrete mixture; and (i) sending a signal or alarm, to a concrete plant at which the aggregates were dispensed from the hopper or conveyor belt, indicating that the predetermined threshold value was met or exceeded;', '(ii) sending a signal or alarm, to a construction site at which a concrete mixture prepared from the aggregates dispensed from the hopper or conveyor belt is scheduled to be delivered, ...

RECYCLED COMPOSITIONS FOR CONSTRUCTION, AND METHODS OF UTILIZING AND PRODUCING THE SAME

A low density annular grout composition for filling voids. The composition may consist of cementitious fly ash, water, set retarder and cellular foam. The composition may have a compressive strength of between 100 and 600 psi at seven days and less than 1500 psi at 28 days. The composition may have a density between 20 and 75 pcf. Also disclosed is a method of filling a void with a low density annular grout composition. The method can include determining the time necessary to fill the void, adding water and set retarder to a cementitious fly ash to make a wet mixture, adding air to the wet mixture, and adding the composition to the void. 1. A low density annular grout composition for filling voids comprising:between 30%-85% air by volume;between 50%-90% cementitious fly ash by weight;between 10% and 35% water by weight; andbetween 0.01% and 2% set retarder by weight,wherein the composition has compressive strength of between 100 and 600 psi at seven days, a compressive strength of less than 1500 psi at 28 days, and a density of between 20 and 75 pcf.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the air content of the composition is between 40% and 80% by volume of the composition.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the air content of the composition is less than 80% by volume of the composition.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the cementitious fly ash is between 60% and 80% by weight of the composition.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the cementitious fly ash is greater than 60% by weight of the composition.6. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a filler between 1% and 45% by weight of the composition.7. The composition of claim 6 , wherein the filler is between 10% and 30% by weight of the composition.8. The composition of claim 6 , wherein the filler is a non-cementitious fly ash.9. The composition of claim 8 , wherein the water to fly ash ratio in the composition is between 0.15 to 0.40.10. The composition of claim 9 , wherein the water to ...

METHOD AND PROBE FOR MEASURING BUOYANCY IN CONCRETE

The method can determine a density of concrete based on the measured buoyancy of a buoy immersed in fresh concrete contained in a ready mix drum and rotatable therein as the drum is rotated, the method can include obtaining a first measurement of a force applied to the buoy while the buoy is being moved tangentially in the fresh concrete, obtaining a second measurement of a force applied to the buoy while the buoy is being moved tangentially in the fresh concrete by rotation of the cylindrical wall, obtaining an indication of the buoyancy of the buoy in the concrete including factoring out the yield effect based on at least the first measurement and the second measurement. 1. A method of generating a signal indicative of buoyancy of a buoy immersed in fresh concrete contained in a ready mix drum rotatable about a central axis , the central axis being at least partially horizontally-oriented , said buoy being mounted on an inner surface of said drum and moved along a circular path when the drum is rotated , said method comprising:rotating the drum about the central axis, to move the buoy inside said fresh concrete across a vertical minimum position along the circular path, and measuring a first force exerted on said buoy as said buoy is moved across the vertical minimum position, said first force being representative of yield stress;rotating the drum about the central axis, to move the buoy inside said fresh concrete across a maximum lateral position along the circular path, and measuring a second force exerted on said buoy as said buoy is moved across the maximum lateral position, said second force being representative of combined yield stress and buoyancy;subtracting the measured first force across the vertical minimum position from the measured second force across the maximum lateral position; andgenerating a signal indicative of said buoyancy based at least on said subtraction.2. The method of wherein said moving across a vertical minimum position and said moving ...

DETERMINING SOLIDS CONTENT USING DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES

A method for determining the composition of a two-phase (solid-liquid) slurry that includes determining the dielectric constant of the slurry at various known compositions, correlating the dielectric constant of the slurry with the known compositions and then determining the dielectric constant of an unknown slurry composition and calculating the composition of the slurry based on the relationship between the dielectric constant and the composition of the slurry. 1. A method for determining the composition of a two-phase slurry , comprising:determining the dielectric constant of a slurry at various known compositions;correlating the dielectric constant of the slurry with the composition of the slurry at the known compositions;determining the dielectric constant of an unknown slurry composition; andcalculating the slurry composition based on the relationship between the dielectric constant and the composition of the slurry.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the composition of the two-phase slurry includes determining the solids content of the two-phase slurry.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the composition of the two-phase slurry includes determining the fluid content of the two-phase slurry.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the two-phase slurry is a fracturing fluid containing proppant material used to stimulate a subterranean formation.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the two-phase slurry is cement slurry.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dielectric constant of the unknown slurry is obtained using TDR (Time Domain Reflectometry).7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dielectric constant of the unknown slurry is obtained by measuring the capacitance of the slurry.8. A method for determining the solids content of a two-phase (solid-liquid) slurry comprising a known solid and a known carrier fluid claim 1 , comprising:preparing slurry samples of known solids content at various compositions;measuring the dielectric constant of the ...

Conveyor system and measuring device for determining water content of a construction material

A system is provided. The system includes a conveyor apparatus configured for conveying a material and a water content measurement system positioned about the conveyor apparatus for determining water content in the material. A dimension characteristic measurement system for detecting one or more dimension characteristics of the material is provided and a computer device is configured to manipulate data received from the water content measurement system and the dimension characteristic measurement system to determine a water content of the material.

Electronic Trowel

Electronic trowels, systems and methods of applying a layer of material using the present electronic trowels. The various electronic trowels include a handle, at least one blade, and one or more sensors residing on or within the trowel. The trowel is for applying a layer of material over a surface area, whereby the one or more sensors detect and collect material installation data during application of the layer of material over the surface area. One or more electronic devices coupled to the one or more sensors receive and analyze the collected installation data for monitoring and controlling the application of the layer of material to ensure a desired end product is achieved. Application errors may be detected before, during, or after the installation process. 1. A method for applying a layer of material using an electronic trowel comprising:identifying a surface area;providing a material to be applied over the surface area;providing a trowel having a handle, at least one blade, and one or more sensors residing on or within the trowel;applying the material to the surface area using the trowel while the one or more sensors detect and collect working conditions of the trowel and installation data during application of the layer of material over the surface area;transmitting the installation data to one or more electronic devices coupled to the one or more sensors; andanalyzing the collected installation data via the one or more electronic devices to identify and correct for any errors in the application of the layer of material to ensure a desired end product is achieved.2. The method of wherein the one or more electronic devices analyzing the collected installation data to identify any errors in the application of the layer of material for correction by an installer during the installation process.3. The method of wherein the one or more electronic devices analyzing the collected installation data to identify any errors in the application of the layer of material for ...

PAVEMENT MATERIAL MICROWAVE MOISTURE-DENSITY MEASUREMENT METHODS AND APPARATUSES

A portable microwave material gauge for determining the quality of a pavement material is provided. The gauge includes an electromagnetic field generator configured to generate an electric field mode that penetrates into the material wherein the material includes a heterogeneous material including at least one of a pavement material and a soil material, a calibration data set, a sensor of size and shape to support the electric field mode and to determine the response of the pavement material to the electric field wherein determining the response includes determining a change in the permittivity as a function of a change in the quality of the material; and an analyzer configured to correlate the sensor permittivity response to the calibration data set wherein correlating the response includes using stored relationships between the material quality and the sensor response using calibration samples having changes in permittivity as a function of quality. 1. (canceled)2. A portable microwave material gauge for determining the quality of a pavement material comprising:an electromagnetic field generator configured to generate an electric field mode that penetrates into the material wherein the material includes a heterogeneous material including at least one of a pavement material and a soil material;a calibration data set represented by a relationship stored in memory of the portable microwave gauge;a sensor that supports the electric field mode and determines the response of the pavement material to the electric field wherein determining the response includes determining a change in the permittivity as a function of a change in the quality of the material; andan analyzer configured to correlate the sensor permittivity response to the calibration data set wherein correlating the response includes using stored relationships between the material quality and the sensor response using calibration samples having changes in permittivity as a function of quality.3. The portable ...

STONE-BLOCK ANALYSIS DEVICE AND METHODS FOR THE EVALUATION OF STONE BLOCKS

Disclosed is a stone-block analysis device and method for the evaluation of stone blocks, in particular, concrete blocks to be arranged on a conveying device for conveying the stone blocks with a conveying surface for the stone blocks to be laid on, which extends into a longitudinal direction and into a transverse direction. The stone-block analysis device has at least one first scanner unit for scanning at least one physical characteristic of the stone blocks, an evaluation device for evaluating a signal output by the scanner unit, a control device, and a display device. The scanner unit is spaced away from the conveying surface in a vertical direction, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and transverse direction. In addition to the first scanner unit, which is a point scanner, at least one second scanner unit is provided, which is a line scanner, wherein a height of at least one stone block can be detected by both scanner units. 1. A stone-block analysis device for the evaluation of stone blocks , in particular concrete blocks , for arrangement on a conveying device for conveying the stone blocks with a conveying surface for the stone blocks to be laid on , which extends into a longitudinal direction (L) and into a transverse direction (Q) , wherein the stone-block analysis device comprises at least a first scanner unit configured for scanning at least one physical characteristic of the stone blocks , an evaluation device configured for evaluating a signal output by the scanner unit , a control device , and a display device , wherein the scanner unit is spaced away from the conveying surface in a vertical direction (V) , perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (L) and transverse direction (Q) ,whereinin addition to the first scanner unit, which comprises a point scanner, at least one second scanner unit is provided, which comprises at least one line scanner, wherein a height of the at least one stone block can be detected by both scanner units.2. The ...

Method and Apparatus for Determining the Edge Strength of Plate-Shaped Elements Made of Brittle-Fracture Material

An improved measurement method and a corresponding measurement device are provided that measure the edge strength of plate-shaped elements made of brittle-fracture material. For this purpose, a long sample is drawn apart at the short edges, wherein the force transmission points lie next to the center of gravity of the base surface of the sample. 1. A method for determining the edge strength of plate-shaped , brittle-fracture materials , comprising:providing a strip-shaped sample made of brittle-fracture material, the strip-shaped sample having two opposite-lying lateral faces, two lengthwise edges extending in the longitudinal direction, and two ends;joining each of the two ends of the strip-shaped sample to a retainer;drawing the two retainers apart so that the strip-shaped sample is subjected to a tensile stress directed in the longitudinal direction, the tensile force being transmitted asymmetrically with respect to a center line of the strip-shaped sample running between the two lengthwise edges so that a higher tensile force is exerted on one of the lengthwise edges than on the opposite-lying lengthwise edge;increasing the tensile force until the strip-shaped sample breaks apart; andrecording the tensile force at break of the strip-shaped sample.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the step of joining each of the two ends of the strip-shaped sample to the retainer comprises fastening the retainers to the strip-shaped sample in such a way that force transmission devices of the retainers are displaced with respect to the center line toward one of the lengthwise edges.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the step of joining each of the two ends of the strip-shaped sample to the retainer comprises using an adhesive connection to join the retainers the strip-shaped sample.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the step of joining each of the two ends of the strip-shaped sample to the retainer comprises fastening the retainers on one of the ...

DETERMINING CEMENT IMPEDANCE FROM A FORMATION BOUNDARY

Systems, methods, and software for determining properties of a medium surrounding an exterior portion of a well casing are described. In some aspects, the properties of the medium are determined based on measurements of detected acoustic energy and distances between one or more acoustic transmitters and two or more acoustic receivers. The measurements are obtained based on operating the transmitters and the receivers within a wellbore that includes the well casing. 1. A system comprising: one or more acoustic transmitters to transmit acoustic energy through the well casing to a medium surrounding the exterior portion of the well casing, and', 'two or more acoustic receivers to detect acoustic energy returning through the well casing; and, 'a sensor array to be disposed within a wellbore comprising a well casing, the sensor array comprising receive measurements of the detected acoustic energy based on operating the sensor array within the interior portion of the well casing, and', 'determine one or more properties of the medium surrounding the exterior portion of the well casing based on the measurements and based on distances between the one or more acoustic transmitters and the two or more acoustic receivers., 'a computing system coupled with the sensor array, the computing system is configured to2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sensor array comprises two or more acoustic transmitters.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein each of the one or more acoustic transmitters and the two or more acoustic receivers is disposed at an end of a support member that radially extends from a tool body.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the one or more acoustic transmitters and the two or more acoustic receivers are distributed axially along a tool body.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the one or more acoustic transmitters and the two or more acoustic receivers are distributed azimuthally about a tool body.6. The system of claim 5 , further comprising:another sensor array ...

METHOD FOR CHARACTERISING THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF CEMENTS

The present invention relates to a method for determining mechanical parameters of a cementitious system, on the basis of time, and on the basis of the fineness of the cementitious system, pressure and/or temperature, representative of the in situ conditions found in wellbores. The initial composition of the cementitious system, the fineness Φ thereof and the speed of the compression waves on the basis of time V(t) are the only input data of the method. Said method comprises: a step A of estimating the degree of hydration of the cementitious system on the basis of time α(t) from Vp(t), at a pressure P1 and a temperature T1; a step B wherein α(t) is determined on the basis of desired values of fineness Φn of the cementitious system, pressure Pn and/or temperature Tn; a step C wherein the composition of the cementitious system is determined on the basis of time C(t) and on the basis of desired values of fineness Φn of the cementitious system, pressure Pn and/or temperature Tn from α(t) determined in step B; and a step D of determining at least one mechanical parameter of the cementitious system on the basis of time and on the basis of desired values of fineness Φn of the cementitious system, pressure Pn and/or temperature Tn, from C(t) determined in step C. According to the method of the invention, these parameters can be determined while the cementitious system is still very young. In particular, the parameters of static deformability and hydro-mechanical coupling parameters are determined by the method according to the invention. 1. A method for determining mechanical parameters of a cement system of initial composition Cand of fineness Φ , as a function of time , and as a function of the fineness of the cement system , pressure and/or temperature , comprising the following steps:{'sub': p', '1', '1, '(A) determining the degree of hydration of the cement system as a function of time α(t) from the velocity of the compression waves as a function of time V(t) measured ...

SYSTEM HAVING DRUM DISCHARGE OUTLET SENSORS AND METHOD OF CHARACTERIZING FRESH CONCRETE DELIVERY USING SAME

There is described a system generally having a rotatable drum rotatably for receiving fresh concrete, the drum having inwardly protruding blades mounted inside the drum which, when the drum is rotated in an unloading direction, force fresh concrete inside the drum towards a discharge outlet of the drum, at least one discharge outlet sensor disposed at the discharge outlet of the drum and being configured to sense the presence of fresh concrete at the discharge outlet as the drum rotates in the unloading direction; and a controller communicatively coupled with the at least one discharge outlet sensor, the controller being configured for performing the steps of: receiving a signal from the at least one discharge outlet sensor indicative of the presence of the discharged fresh concrete at the discharge outlet as the drum rotates in the unloading direction; and determining at least one parameter based on the received signal. 1. A ready-mix truck comprising:a wheeled frame;a drum rotatably mounted to the wheeled frame for receiving a material, the drum having inwardly protruding blades mounted inside the drum which, when the drum is rotated in an unloading direction, force the material received inside the drum towards a discharge outlet of the drum;at least one discharge outlet sensor disposed at the discharge outlet of the drum and being configured to sense the presence of the material at the discharge outlet as the drum rotates in the unloading direction; and receiving a signal from the at least one discharge outlet sensor indicative of the presence of the discharged material at the discharge outlet as the drum rotates in the unloading direction; and', 'determining at least one parameter based on the received signal., 'a controller communicatively coupled with the at least one discharge outlet sensor, the controller being configured for performing the steps of2. The ready-mix truck of wherein said determining includes determining a priming number of discharge rotations ...

METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR MEASURING BLOWING STRUCTURES OF A PRESTRESSED DISC

A method for measuring blowing structures of a prestressed disc is described. The method has the steps of: (a) irradiating at least one analysis area of the disc with linearly polarized light from a radiation source at an angle of incidence and recording an image at least of the analysis area at an angle of observation using at least one detector, (b) supplying the image to an evaluation unit, and (c) using the evaluation unit to read a brightness profile along an analysis line on the image, to determine the local maxima and the local minima of the brightness profile, and to determine an intensity index by means of the difference between a brightness mean of the local maxima and a brightness mean of the local minima.

METHOD AND SYSTEMS RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL ASSESSMENT

Hundreds of thousands of concrete bridges, buildings etc. and hundreds of billions of tons of concrete require characterization throughout the process from manufacture to pouring and curing and on throughout service life. The characterization may relate to initial concrete properties, projected concrete properties, framework removal, corrosion, failure etc. Accordingly, a variety of measurements such as water content, electrical resistivity, and half-cell corrosion potential for example would be beneficially implemented as easy to use field test equipment or embedded sensors allowing lifetime monitoring to be performed rather than discrete assessments when issues become evident. 1. A method comprising: a shell comprising an outer surface, an interior, and a pair of outer electrical contacts disposed on the outer surface and coupled to a pair of inner electrical contacts on the interior of the shell;', 'an electrical circuit disposed within the shell and comprising a battery, a wireless transceiver, a memory, and a microprocessor;', 'a measurement circuit coupled to the microprocessor disposed within the shell coupled to the pair of inner electrical contacts and providing a predetermined electrical measurement of a characteristic of an environment adjacent to the pair of outer electrical contacts; wherein, 'providing a sensor disposed within or for disposal within a batch of a material comprisingthe microprocessor establishes in dependence upon the predetermined electrical measurement of the characteristic of the environment a current value for the characteristic of the environment and stores the current value within the memory.2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising calibration data relating to the batch of the material; and', 'batch data relating to the batch of the material;, 'storing within the memory first data comprising at least one ofwherein the first data was received via the wireless transceiver from another wireless transceiver at least one ...

METHOD FOR LABELING NANOCLAY FOR TRACKING THEM WITHIN DIFFERENT SOLID AND LIQUID MATERIAL

A method of monitoring a location of a nanoparticle within a material is described herein. The method includes the steps of providing at least one nanoclay particle, attaching a fluorescent tag to the at least one nanoclay particle, and determining a fluorescence of the fluorescent-labeled nanoclay particle. The method also includes forming the material including the at least one fluorescent-labeled nanoclay particle, depositing the material in an aqueous solution, and detecting a movement of the fluorescent-labeled nanoclay particle from the material to the aqueous solution. 1. A method of monitoring a location of a nanoparticle within a material , including the steps of:providing at least one nanoclay particle;attaching a fluorescent tag to the at least one nanoclay particle to form a fluorescent-labeled nanoclay particle;determining a fluorescence of the fluorescent-labeled nanoclay particle;inserting the fluorescent-labeled nanoclay particle into the material;depositing the material in an aqueous solution; anddetecting a movement of the fluorescent-labeled nanoclay particle from the material to the aqueous solution.2. A method in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the material is one of a polymeric material and a biological material.3. A method in accordance with claim 1 , including the step of:removing the material from the aqueous solution; anddetecting the presence of the at least one fluorescent-labeled nanoclay particle in the aqueous solution.4. A method in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the fluorescent tag is selected from a group consisting of fluorescein and rhodamine.5. A method in accordance with claim 4 , wherein the fluorescent tag is attached to the nanoclay particle with a covalent bond.6. A method in accordance with claim 1 , including the steps of:providing a nanoclay platelet;reacting the nanoclay platelet with a mercaptosilane to produce a mercaptosilane modified nanoclay particle including thiol moieties; andreacting the mercaptosilane ...

FACILITATED COMPARISON OF GEMSTONES

Methods and systems are provided for facilitating comparison of gemstones having multiple attributes that characterize the gemstones. A facilitated comparison system receives from a user a selection of a gemstone in a collection of the gemstones. Each gemstone in the collection is associated with a selling index indicating a probability of the gemstone being bought by a customer. For each of a predetermined set of the attributes, the system determines one or more comparable ranges. The system identifies alternate gemstones to recommend using the comparable ranges for the attributes and the selling indices of the gemstones. The system displays to the user the selected gemstone and one or more of the alternate gemstones for comparison. 1. A method performed by one or more computing systems for facilitating comparison of gemstones having multiple attributes that characterize the gemstones , the method comprising:receiving from a user a selection of a gemstone in a collection of the gemstones, wherein each gemstone in the collection is associated with a selling index indicating a probability of the gemstone being bought by a customer;for each of a predetermined set of the attributes, determining one or more comparable ranges;identifying alternate gemstones to recommend using the comparable ranges for the attributes and the selling indices of the gemstones; anddisplaying to the user the selected gemstone and one or more of the alternate gemstones for comparison.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined set of the attributes include a price claim 1 , a weight claim 1 , a cut claim 1 , a color claim 1 , and clarity.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising generating a nine-box grid to display one or more of the alternate gemstones for comparison.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the nine-box grid has a horizontal axis and a vertical axis claim 3 , wherein the horizonal axis represents measures of gemstone quality and the vertical axis represents gemstone ...

CONCRETE MONITORING AND ANALYSIS SYSTEMS AND METHODS

Systems and methods for monitoring and reporting data associated with a concrete mass include communications components configured to receive concrete data from at least one logger associated with a concrete mass, a storage device configured to store the received concrete data, and a logic device configured to detect an event in the concrete data, transmit a notification of the detected event to at least one remote device, render an interface for the remote device, the interface facilitating visualization of the stored concrete data. The communications components may be configured to receive the concrete data from a reader device and distributed the logger data to the at least one remote device. The interface may comprise an interactive control facilitating user adjustment of comparison points for multiple loggers. 1. A system comprising:communications components configured to receive concrete data from a plurality of sensors associated with a concrete mass and adapted to measure a property of the concrete mass, the concrete data comprising a plurality of data streams containing measurement data for the property from respective different sensors;a storage device configured to store the received concrete data; and detect an event in the concrete data;', 'transmit a notification of the detected event to at least one remote device; and', 'render an interface for the remote device, the interface comprising one or more interface features configured to facilitate visualization of the stored concrete data by allowing a user to adjust comparison points of different data streams and align the different data streams based on the comparison points., 'a logic device configured to2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the communications components are configured to receive the data streams from a reader device and distribute the data streams to the at least one remote device.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein each sensor is part of a logger which also comprises:a logic device ...

DETECTOR ARRANGEMENT, DETECTION SYSTEM AND METHOD OF PROCESSING DATA FROM A DETECTOR ARRANGEMENT FOR HIGH THROUGHPUT DATA HANDLING

The invention relates to a detection arrangement, a detection system comprising said arrangement, and a method of processing data from said arrangement. The detector arrangement disclosed comprises at least one array of detectors, wherein the detectors are configured to detect photons emitted from an object as a result of positron annihilation due to irradiation of the object with photons of a predetermined energy. Each detector in the array is linked to or associated with one or more other detector in the array to define a region of interest (RoI). The detector arrangement comprises or is communicatively coupled to a coincidence trigger unit which is configured to register or determine a coincidence in response to receiving detection signals from two different detectors forming part of the same RoI and indicating detection of substantially back-to-back co-linear and co-incident photons in the RoI. 1. A detector arrangement comprising at least one array of detectors , wherein the detectors are configured to detect photons emitted from an object as a result of positron annihilation due to irradiation of the object with photons of a predetermined energy , wherein each detector in the array is linked to or associated with one or more other detector in the array to define a region of interest (RoI) , each RoI including a subset of the detectors in the array , and wherein the detector arrangement comprises or is communicatively coupled to a coincidence trigger unit which is configured to register or determine a coincidence in response to receiving detection signals from two different detectors forming part of the same RoI and indicating detection of substantially back-to-back co-linear and co-incident photons in the RoI.2. The detector arrangement as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the predetermined energy is energy at which giant dipole resonance (GDR) occurs due to a nuclear reaction between the photons and carbon claim 1 , thereby enabling the detector arrangement to be ...

APPARATUS, SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MECHANICAL TESTING UNDER CONFINED CONDITIONS

An apparatus for measuring mechanical properties of a downhole material, including first and second fixtures each of the fixtures containing a force application fixture to apply a stress to a specimen of the downhole material. A confining sleeve wraps around portions of the first and second fixtures to form a sealed specimen chamber defined by an inner surface of the confining sleeve and ends of the first and second fixtures nearest the specimen. Wall of a confining chamber contain the first and second fixtures, the confining sleeve and the specimen therein. The confining chamber holds a hydraulic fluid therein such that the hydraulic fluid can exert a confining pressure on the confining sleeve to maintain the seal of the specimen chamber and to maintain contact between the inner surface of the confining sleeve and the specimen when the stress is applied to the specimen. First channels pass though one or more of the walls of the confining chamber to add and remove the hydraulic fluid to and from the confining chamber. Second channels pass though one or more of the walls of the confining chamber and through one of the first and second fixtures to add and remove a pore space fluid to and from specimen chamber ports open to the specimen chamber to maintain a pore pressure at the specimen chamber ports that is equal to or less than the confining pressure while the stress is applied to the specimen. A system and method are also disclosed. 1. An apparatus for measuring mechanical properties of a downhole material , the apparatus comprising:first and second fixtures each containing a force application fixture, the force application fixture configured to apply a stress to a specimen of the downhole material when located in-between the first and second fixtures;a confining sleeve configured to wrap around portions of the first and second fixtures that are nearest to the specimen to form a sealed specimen chamber, the sealed specimen chamber dimensions defined by an inner ...

METHOD FOR MONITORING A LINE FOR UNCHANGED AMBIENT CONDITIONS AND MEASURING ARRANGEMENT FOR MONITORING A LINE FOR CHANGED AMBIENT CONDITIONS

A method monitors a line for changed ambient conditions. The line has a measuring line with a predetermined length and a measuring conductor surrounded by insulation having a known dielectric constant. In the method, an analog signal having a predetermined frequency is generated, the signal is divided into a reference signal and an operating signal, the operating signal is fed into the measuring conductor, a return signal obtained from the operating signal is combined with the reference signal and by a phase shift between the reference signal and the return signal, a measure is determined for the changed condition, particularly for a temperature change. 1. A method for monitoring a line for changed ambient conditions , the line having a measuring line with a predetermined length and a measuring conductor surrounded by insulation , which comprises the steps of:generating an analog signal;dividing the analog signal into a reference signal and an operating signal;feeding the operating signal into the measuring conductor;combining a return signal obtained from the operating signal with the reference signal; anddetermining a measure for a changed condition by means of a phase shift between the reference signal and the return signal.2. The method according to claim 1 , which further comprises superimposing the reference signal and the return signal to form a resultant signal and from an amplitude of the resultant signal claim 1 , the measure is determined for the changed condition.3. The method according to claim 1 , which further comprises forming the analog signal as a periodic signal having a predetermined frequency.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the return signal under normal conditions has a run time to be expected and a frequency is tuned in such a manner that under the normal conditions claim 3 , a defined phase difference occurs between the return signal and the reference signal.5. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the return signal claim 3 , ...

Systems, apparatus and methods for obtaining measurements concerning the strength and performance of concrete mixtures

A device includes a cylinder having a cavity adapted to hold a concrete test cylinder, an accelerometer adapted to detect motion data, and a second sensor adapted to obtain measurements of a characteristic of the concrete during a predetermined time period. For example, the second sensor may be a temperature sensor. The device also includes a processor adapted to receive motion data from the accelerometer, determine that the device has moved during the predetermined time period, based on the motion data, and determine that the measurements obtained by the second sensor are invalid, based on the determination that the concrete test cylinder has been moved during the predetermined time period.

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR HANDLING FRESH CONCRETE BASED ON HYDRAULIC PRESSURE AND ON RHEOLOGICAL PROBE PRESSURE

There are described methods and systems for handling fresh concrete inside a drum . In an aspect, a method of determining calibration data for use in determining workability of fresh concrete inside a rotating drum based on hydraulic pressure is described. This method has receiving a probe pressure value indicative of pressure exerted on a rheological probe mounted inside the drum and immerged in the fresh concrete; determining a workability value indicative of workability of the fresh concrete based on the probe pressure value and on calibration data for the rheological probe; receiving a hydraulic pressure value indicative of pressure of a hydraulic fluid used for rotating the drum; and determining hydraulic calibration data by associating the hydraulic pressure value and the workability value to one another. 1. A method of determining calibration data for use in determining workability of fresh concrete inside a rotating drum based on hydraulic pressure , the method comprising the steps of:receiving a probe pressure value indicative of pressure exerted on a rheological probe mounted inside the drum and immerged in the fresh concrete;determining a workability value indicative of workability of the fresh concrete based on the probe pressure value and on calibration data for the rheological probe;receiving a hydraulic pressure value indicative of pressure of a hydraulic fluid used for rotating the drum; anddetermining hydraulic calibration data by associating the hydraulic pressure value and the workability value to one another.2. The method of wherein said steps of receiving the probe pressure value claim 1 , determining the workability value claim 1 , and receiving the hydraulic pressure value are performed for given operating conditions claim 1 , said determining including determining the hydraulic calibration data by associating the hydraulic pressure value claim 1 , the workability value and the given operating conditions to one another.3. The method of further ...

PARALLEL PLATE CAPACITOR SYSTEM FOR DETERMINING IMPEDANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF MATERIAL UNDER TEST (MUT)

Various aspects of the disclosure relate to evaluating the electromagnetic impedance characteristics of a material under test (MUT) over a range of frequencies. In particular aspects, a system includes: an electrically non-conducting container sized to hold the MUT, the electrically non-conducting container having a first opening at a first end thereof and a second opening at a second, opposite end thereof; a transmitting electrode assembly at the first end of the electrically non-conducting container, the transmitting electrode assembly having a transmitting electrode with a transmitting surface; and a receiving electrode assembly at the second end of the electrically non-conducting container, the receiving electrode assembly having a receiving electrode with a receiving surface, wherein the receiving electrode is approximately parallel with the transmitting electrode, and wherein the transmitting surface of the transmitting electrode is larger than the receiving surface of the receiving electrode. 1. A system for measuring an electromagnetic impedance characteristic of a material under test (MUT) , the system comprising:an electrically non-conducting container sized to hold the MUT, the electrically non-conducting container having a first opening at a first end thereof and a second opening at a second, opposite end thereof; a transmitting electrode with a transmitting surface; and', 'a transmitting electrode backer ground plate at least partially surrounding the transmitting electrode, the transmitting electrode backer ground plate being electrically grounded and insulated from the transmitting electrode, wherein the transmitting electrode backer ground plate extends from a plane formed by the transmitting electrode and creates an electrically isolated volume proximate to the transmitting electrode; and', 'a receiving electrode assembly at the second end of the electrically non-conducting container, the receiving electrode assembly having a receiving electrode ...

POLARIZED LIGHT FILTER VISION SYSTEM TO DETECT LEVEL OF TEMPER IN GLASS

A method to inspect for proper tempering of a piece of glass includes forming a piece of tempered glass and exposing the piece of tempered glass to a polarized light source. A vision system is used to inspect a temper pattern of the piece of tempered glass being exposed to the polarized light source and then the temper pattern of the piece of tempered glass is compared to a master temper pattern to determine if the inspected temper pattern is acceptable. 1. A method to inspect the level of temper of a piece of glass comprising:forming a piece of tempered glass;exposing the piece of tempered glass to a polarized light source;using a vision system to inspect a temper pattern of the piece of tempered glass being exposed to the polarized light source; andcomparing the temper pattern of the piece of tempered glass with a master temper pattern to determine if the inspected temper pattern is acceptable.2. The method of further comprising processing the image of the inspected temper pattern using an image processor before comparing to the master temper pattern.3. The method of further comprising cooling the piece of tempered glass before exposing to polarized light source.4. The method of further comprising automatically marking the piece of tempered glass when the inspected temper pattern is determined to be unacceptable.5. The method of further comprising automatically scrapping the piece of tempered when the inspected temper pattern is determined to be unacceptable.6. The method of further comprising establishing the master temper pattern by making polarized filter images of formed pieces of tempered glass and storing the polarized filter images of the temper patterns that comply with regulatory requirements in the vision system.7. A system for detecting a level of temper in glass comprising:a light source configured to illuminate a piece of tempered glass;a light filter configured to polarize the light from the light source illuminating the piece of tempered glass;a ...

APPARATUS FOR TESTING OF WATER PERMEABILITY OF SAMPLES OF BUILDING FACADES

Apparatus for testing of the water permeability of samples of building facades comprising a frame () on one side of which a sample of the facade to be tested () is fixed, and a grid () on which nozzles () which spray water on the sample of the facade to be tested () are arranged, characterized in that said apparatus is equipped with a movement system () of the grid () from a working position positioned in front of the facade sample to be tested () to a rest position positioned behind the frame () on the opposite side to that on which is located the sample () and that the grid () on which nozzles () are set up slides on elements of the frame placed at a predetermined distance from the sample to be tested (). 13251245232512. Apparatus for testing of the water permeability of samples of building facades comprising a frame () on one side of which a sample of the facade to be tested () is fixed , and a grid () on which nozzles () which spray water on the sample of the facade to be tested () are arranged , characterized in that said apparatus is equipped with a movement system () of the grid () from a working position positioned in front of the facade sample to be tested () to a rest position positioned behind the frame () on the opposite side to that on which is located the sample () and that the grid () on which nozzles () are set up slides on elements of the frame placed at a predetermined distance from the sample to be tested ().2. Apparatus for testing water permeability of samples of building facades according to characterized in that the nozzles are fed by parallel tubes placed at a predetermined distance from each other.3. Apparatus for testing water permeability of samples of building facades according to characterized in that the tubes are fed by a distribution column placed at one end of each tube.4. Apparatus for testing water permeability of samples of building facades according to characterized in that the tubes are interrupted at the center and each half ...

SENSING DEVICE, AND SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR OBTAINING DATA RELATING TO CONCRETE MIXTURES AND CONCRETE STRUCTURES

A system includes at least one sensing device located within a structure being built as part of a construction project. The sensing device obtains measurements relating to a first characteristic of concrete of the structure and transmits the data wirelessly. The system also includes a memory, and a processor adapted to receive the data from the sensing devices, determine a second characteristic of the concrete based on the data, and generate a schedule of activities based on the second characteristic. The schedule may be a project schedule specifying tasks associated with the construction project. The processor is also adapted to cause at least one activity to be performed based on the schedule of activities. 1. A method comprising:inserting a plurality of sensing devices into one or more concrete structures associated with a construction project, wherein each sensing device is adapted to obtain measurements relating to one or more first characteristics of concrete within a respective concrete structure and transmit the data wirelessly;receiving data relating to the one or more first characteristics of the concrete within the one or more concrete structures from the plurality of sensing devices;determining at least one second characteristic of at least one of the one or more concrete structures based on the data;generating a schedule of activities associated with the construction project based on the at least one second characteristic; andperforming at least one activity based on the schedule of activities.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more first characteristics include one of a temperature measurement claim 1 , a pH measurement claim 1 , an inductance measurement claim 1 , an impedance measurement claim 1 , a resistivity measurement claim 1 , a sonic measurement claim 1 , a pressure measurement claim 1 , and a conductivity measurement.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one second characteristic includes one of strength claim 1 , ...

Multi-Purpose Tube for Oil Well Cement Testing

Embodiments of a sample testing system of the present invention generally include two internally threaded caps; an externally threaded outer tube having a tapered internal bore and external circumferential grooves proximate each end thereof; an O-ring seated in each groove; and a plurality of inner tube sections cooperatively arranged to form an externally tapered inner tube structure that is disposed within the outer tube; wherein each cap is sealingly attached to an end of the outer tube via threading engagement therewith. Various embodiments utilize at least one closed-ended cap and/or at least one cap having a port extending through an end thereof, which may also incorporate a piston cavity and a piston having two circumferentially disposed O-rings. Embodiments allow for inner tube structure removal and separation of the inner tube sections for cured sample recovery. Embodiments of a method of using the system to cure a sample are also provided. 1. A system for testing a sample comprising:an outer tube;a plurality of inner tube sections; and said outer tube comprises a tapered axial internal bore;', 'said plurality of inner tube sections is cooperatively longitudinally arranged into an externally tapered inner tube structure;', 'said inner tube structure is disposed within said outer tube;', 'said outer tube comprises external threading proximate each end thereof;', 'each said closed-ended cap comprises an internal bore comprising internal threading proximate an open end of said closed-ended cap; and', 'each said closed-ended cap is sealingly attached to an end of said outer tube via engagement of said closed-ended cap internal threading and said outer tube external threading., 'two closed-ended caps; wherein2. The system of claim 1 , comprising:two outer tube elastomer seals, wherein said outer tube comprises an external circumferential groove proximate each said end thereof, and one said elastomer seal is seated in each said outer tube groove.3. The system of ...

METHOD FOR CHARACTERIZATION OF THE RATE OF MOVEMENT OF AN OXIDATION FRONT IN CEMENTITIOUS MATERIALS

Disclosed are methods for determining the redox condition of cementitious materials. The methods are leaching methods that utilize a redox active transition metal indicator that is present in the cementitious material and exhibits variable solubility depending upon the oxidation state of the indicator. When the leaching process is carried out under anaerobic conditions, the presence or absence of the indicator in the leachate can be utilized to determine the redox condition of and location of the oxidation front in the material that has been subjected to the leaching process. 1. A method for determining the location of an oxidation front in a cured cementitious material , the method comprising:obtaining a sample from a cured cementitious material, the sample being obtained at a depth from a surface of the cured cementitious material, the cementitious material including a redox active transition metal indicator that exhibits variable solubility in a solvent depending upon the oxidation state of the redox active transition metal indicator;combining the sample with de-aerated water to form a mixture, the mixture including a liquid portion that includes the de-aerated water and a solid portion;maintaining the mixture under anaerobic conditions for a period of time to form a leachate;examining the leachate following the period of time to determine the presence or quantity of the redox active transition metal indicator in the leachate, the presence or quantity of the redox active transition metal indicator in the leachate being indicative of the redox condition of the sample of the cured cementitious material and the location of the oxidation front in the cured cementitious material.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the redox active transition metal indicator is soluble in an oxidized state and is insoluble in a reduced state.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the redox active transition metal indicator is chromium.4. The method according to claim 1 , ...

METHOD FOR CHARACTERIZATION OF THE REDOX CONDITION OF CEMENTITIOUS MATERIALS

Disclosed are methods for determining the redox condition of cementitious materials. The methods are leaching methods that utilize an in situ redox indicator that is present in the cementitious materials as formed. The in situ redox indicator leaches from cementitious material and, when the leaching process is carried out under anaerobic conditions can be utilized to determine the redox condition of the material. The in situ redox indicator can exhibit distinct characteristics in the leachate depending upon the redox condition of the indicator. 1. A method for determining the redox condition of a cured cementitious material , the method comprising:combining a sample of a cementitious material with de-aerated water to form a mixture, wherein the cementitious material includes ground granulated blast furnace slag, the mixture including a liquid portion that includes the de-aerated water and a solid portion;maintaining the mixture under anaerobic conditions for a period of time to form a leachate;examining the leachate following the period of time to determine the redox condition of an in situ redox indicator of the leachate, the in situ redox indicator being an in situ compound of the cementitious material that leaches from the solid portion to the liquid portion during the period of time, the redox condition of the in situ redox indicator being indicative of the redox condition of the cured cementitious material.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the cementitious material includes about 20% or more by weight of the ground granulated blast furnace slag.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the cementitious material includes a calcium silicate cement.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the calcium silicate cement comprises Portland cement.5. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the cementitious material includes about 80% by weight or less of the calcium silicate cement.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the cementitious ...

Method for testing setting time of cement-based material

Disclosed is a method for testing the setting time of a cement-based material: testing the capillary negative pressure of a non-bleeding cement-based material, with the time at which the capillary negative pressure reaches a threshold value A as the initial setting time, and/or the time at which the capillary negative pressure reaches a threshold value B as the final setting time, wherein threshold value A is 8-10 kPa, and threshold value B is 54-56 kPa. Alternatively, threshold value A and threshold value B are determined by the following method: formulating a cement-based material for the determination of threshold values with the same raw materials at the same formulation ratio; after vibration-compaction, placing a portion into a measuring mold; after vibration-compaction, testing the capillary negative pressure of the non-bleeding cement-based material placed in the measuring mold; under the same conditions, synchronously testing and determining the initial setting time and final setting time of the cement-based material for the determination of threshold values by a penetration resistance method; the capillary negative pressure corresponding to the initial setting time and final setting time of the cement-based material for the determination of threshold values are respectively threshold value A and threshold value B. The method can not only be used in standard tests for a laboratory cement setting time under standard temperature conditions, but can also be used to realize remote, automatic, and continuous in situ monitoring for the setting time of a cast-in-situ concrete structure. 1. A method for testing a setting time of cement-based materials , comprising:testing the meniscus depression of cement-based materials without bleeding, comprising:taking the time when the meniscus depression arrives at threshold A as the initial setting time and/or the time when the meniscus depression arrives at threshold B as the final setting time, wherein threshold A=8-10 kPa ...

CEMENT EVALUATION

Surface equipment of a cement analysis system (CAS) estimates a first drilling fluid slowness (FSLO) and a first drilling fluid acoustic impedance (ZMUD) based on a type and density of wellbore drilling fluid. A second FSLO is estimated based on a thickness and diameter of wellbore casing and transit time for energy emitted by a downhole tool to travel to and from the casing. An FSLO graphical interface is generated based on the first and second FSLO. A second ZMUD is estimated based on the drilling fluid type and density and one of the first and second FSLO selected utilizing the FSLO graphical interface. A ZMUD graphical interface is generated based on the first and second ZMUD. The downhole tool then obtains log data utilizing at least one parameter selected utilizing the ZMUD graphical interface. The log data includes a final ZMUD measured with respect to wellbore depth. 1. A method , comprising:operating surface equipment of a cement analysis system (CAS) to estimate a first drilling fluid slowness (FSLO) and a first drilling fluid acoustic impedance (ZMUD) based on a type and density of the drilling fluid, wherein the drilling fluid is in a wellbore extending from a wellsite surface, a steel casing is secured within the wellbore by cement in an annulus between an external diameter of the casing and the wellbore, and the surface equipment is disposed at the wellsite surface and comprises a processor;conveying a downhole tool of the CAS within the wellbore;operating the CAS to estimate a second FSLO based on a thickness of the casing, the external diameter, and a transit time for energy emitted by the downhole tool to travel to and from the casing;operating the CAS to generate an FSLO graphical interface based on the first FSLO and the second FSLO;operating the CAS to estimate a second ZMUD based on the type and density of the drilling fluid and a selected one of the first FSLO and the second FSLO, wherein the selected one of the first FSLO and the second FSLO ...

ASSESSMENT METHOD

The present invention relates, inter alia, to method of assessing the reactivity of a polymerizable material (especially an aluminosilicate) in forming a geopolymer. The present invention also relates to methods of forming a geopolymer, and to geopolymers formed by the method. The method of assessing the reactivity of the polymerizable material may include first assessing whether the polymerizable material is layered or particulate. Next, if the polymerizable material is layered, the method may include measuring the moles of polymerization network forming elements in an amount of polymerizable material, whereby the moles of polymerization network forming elements is indicative of the reactivity of the polymerizable material in forming a geopolymer. Alternatively, if the polymerizable material is particulate, the method may include measuring the molar charge of polymerization network modifiers in an amount of polymerizable material, whereby the molar charge of polymerization network modifiers is indicative of the reactivity of the polymerizable material in forming a geopolymer. 1. A method of assessing the reactivity of a polymerizable material in forming a geopolymer , the method including the steps:assessing whether the polymerizable material is layered or particulate; andif the polymerizable material is layered, measuring the moles of polymerization network forming elements in an amount of polymerizable material, whereby the moles of polymerization network forming elements is indicative of the reactivity of the polymerizable material in forming a geopolymer; orif the polymerizable material is particulate, measuring the molar charge of polymerization network modifiers in an amount of polymerizable material, whereby the molar charge of polymerization network modifiers is indicative of the reactivity of the polymerizable material in forming a geopolymer.2. The method of claim 1 , further including the step of measuring the chemical composition of the polymerizable ...

Testing apparatus for gas permeability in concrete and testing method therefor

An apparatus and method for testing gas permeability in concrete are provided. The apparatus is used for testing gas permeability of a concrete test sample, and includes a gas supply apparatus, an instrument body and a gas flow meter. The instrument body includes a frame body. A gas inlet ring, a gas outlet ring and a connection plate are successively arranged on the frame body from inside to outside. An input end of the gas inlet ring is connected with the gas supply apparatus, and an output end is connected with an input end of the gas outlet ring through the concrete test sample. An output end of the gas outlet ring is connected with the gas flow meter. The connection plate is connected with the concrete test sample

ULTRASONIC PULSE VELOCITY TESTER

An apparatus for detecting anchor bolt pullout strength. The apparatus includes circuitry configured to process ultrasonic measurement signals using at least one of a direct, an indirect, and a semi-direct measurement technique. Further, the apparatus comprises a first probe and a second probe connected to the circuitry, and memory for storing data detected by the first and the second probe. The memory is connected to the circuitry and a data connection connected to the circuitry and configured to communicate with an external network. An ultrasonic signal is transmitted by the circuitry through the first probe and rebounded by the second prob. The circuitry detects a time duration to receive the rebounded signal, storing the time duration to the memory, and comparing the time duration to reference measurement data. The reference measurement data may be stored in at least one of the memory and the external network. 1. An apparatus for detecting anchor bolt pullout strength , the apparatus comprising:circuitry configured to process ultrasonic measurement signals in at least one of a direct, an indirect, and a semi-direct measurement technique;a first probe connected to the circuitry;a second probe connected to the circuitry; anda memory for storing data detected by the first and the second probe, the memory connected to the circuitry; anda data connection connected to the circuitry and configured to be in communication with an external network,wherein an ultrasonic signal is transmitted by the circuitry through the first probe and rebounded by the second probe, the circuitry detecting a time duration to receive the rebounded signal, storing the time duration to the memory, and comparing the time duration to reference measurement data, the reference measurement data stored in at least one of the memory and the external network.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising:a Schmidt Hammer, whereinthe circuitry is configured to detect measurements made by ...

CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL ASSESSMENT METHOD AND SYSTEMS

Globally our environment comprises structures built to perform a meet different requirements including residential, commercial, retail, recreational and service infrastructure. Whilst, millions of tons of construction materials are deployed annually the quality control procedures in many instances have not changed to reflect today's demands. Accordingly, it would be beneficial to provide construction companies, engineering companies, infrastructure owners, regulators, etc. with means to automated testing/characterization of construction materials during at least one of its manufacture, deployment in construction and subsequent infrastructure life. It would be further beneficial for such automated methods to exploit self-contained data acquisition/logging modules allowing them to be employed with ease at the different points in the life cycle of a construction material and/or construction project. 1. The method according to claim 37 , comprising[:]embedding a transmission line probe within construction material;performing a time domain reflectometry (TDR) measurement using an electrical signal applied to the transmission line probe to establish an effective dielectric constant for the construction material; andestablishing in dependence upon the established effective dielectric constant the predetermined characteristic of the construction material.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein one of:the TDR measurement is performed with a module that is demountably attached to the transmission line probe and a portion of the transmission line probe is external to the construction material to allow attachment of the module;the TDR measurement is performed with a module that is demountably attached to the transmission line probe where the transmission line probe is entirely within the construction material and the module comprises contacts to contact the transmission line probe when the module is placed into the appropriate position on a surface of the construction ...

Method for testing self drying effect of cement-based material

Disclosed is a method for testing the self-drying effect of a cement-based material, capable of testing the change in humidity of the cement-based material after the final setting until the Id stage of adding water, so as to reflect the water consumption therein and the self-drying course. In the time period after the final setting of the cement-based material until the 1 d stage of adding water and forming, the dew-point temperature inside the cement-based material is tested, and then the relative humidity inside the cement-based material is calculated using a formula. The present invention can test the change in humidity of the cement-based material after the final setting until the Id stage of adding water, so as to reflect the internal water consumption therein and the self-drying course. Further provided is a multi -stage test method for the whole course, capable of testing the whole course of continuous reduction in relative humidity from an initial 100%, in sealed conditions, starting with adding water and formation of the cement-based material, so as to provide a theoretical foundation for the quantitative calculation of the self-drying and shrinking thereof. 2. The testing method for self-desiccation effect on cement-based material of claim 1 , wherein the measuring range of the dew-point thermometer is 0-40° C. claim 1 , the precision is not less than ±0.005° C. and the sensitivity is not less than 0.001° C.3. The testing method for self-desiccation effect on cement-based material of claim 1 , wherein when the dew-point thermometer is used to calculate the internal dew-point temperature of the cement-based material claim 1 , the thermocouple probe is embedded not less than 1 cm.5. The testing method for self-desiccation effect on cement-based material of claim 1 , wherein a hygrometer is used to test the relative humidity of the hardened cement-based material after the cement-based material is shaped after addition of water for 1 d.6. The testing method ...

Evaluating Effectiveness of Ceramic Materials for Hydrocarbons Recovery

Example methods and systems are described for evaluating an effectiveness of ceramic particles to recover heavy oil from a subterranean region. In some aspects, a heavy oil recovery evaluation system includes a vessel containing a mixture of heavy oil and sand, the vessel including a chamber to receive a plurality of ceramic particles and water, a probe connected to the vessel to transfer energy from an energy source for energizing the plurality of ceramic particles, wherein the energized ceramic particles convert the water into steam to recover the heavy oil from the mixture, and a computer system connected to the vessel to evaluate an effectiveness of the plurality of ceramic particles to recover heavy oil from the mixture. 1. A heavy oil recovery evaluation system comprising:a vessel containing a mixture of heavy oil and sand, the vessel including a chamber to receive a plurality of ceramic particles and water;a probe connected to the vessel to transfer energy from an energy source for energizing the plurality of ceramic particles, wherein the energized ceramic particles convert the water into steam to recover the heavy oil from the mixture; anda computer system connected to the vessel to evaluate an effectiveness of the plurality of ceramic particles to recover heavy oil from the mixture.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the probe is configured to transfer at least one of microwave energy claim 1 , radio frequency energy claim 1 , electrical energy claim 1 , or laser energy to heat the plurality of ceramic particles.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the vessel is a first vessel claim 1 , and wherein the system further comprises a second vessel positioned in the chamber claim 1 , wherein the plurality of ceramic particles and the water are received in the second vessel.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the second vessel comprises a mesh to permit the steam to pass through.5. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of sensors connected to the ...

Methods and apparatuses for detecting volatile organic compounds in glass packaging processes

A method for measuring volatile organic compounds includes loading glass containers into an oven, heating the oven, purging the oven with dry clean air, collecting a volumetric portion of an oven exhaust, trapping volatile organic compounds from the volumetric portion, and measuring the volatile organic compounds trapped in the trap. The one or more glass containers are in-tact while measuring the VOCs of the coated glass container. An apparatus includes an oven having an interior volume that is capable of holding one or more in-tact glass containers, a flow meter fluidly connected to the first trap, and a pump fluidly connected to the flow meter. The first trap collects volatile organic compounds from a volumetric portion of the oven exhaust gas. The pump controls a flow rate of the volumetric portion of the oven exhaust gas across the first trap.

ANALYSIS OF CONCRETE INCLUDING A REINFORCING BAR

In one general aspect, a computer-readable storage medium can be configured to store instructions that when executed cause a processor to perform a process. The instructions comprising instructions to trigger flow of an alternating current having a waveform defining a range of frequencies from a waveform generator to a reinforcing bar embedded within concrete via a probe coupled to a surface of the concrete, and receive an indicator of a time-resolved current magnitude of the alternating current through a portion of the concrete associated with the surface of the concrete. 1. A computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that when executed cause a processor to perform a process , the instructions comprising instructions to:trigger flow of an alternating current having a waveform defining a range of frequencies from a waveform generator to a reinforcing bar embedded within concrete via a probe coupled to a surface of the concrete; andreceive an indicator of a time-resolved current magnitude of the alternating current through a portion of the concrete associated with the surface of the concrete.2. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 1 , wherein the range of frequencies includes a range of frequencies over at least two orders of magnitude claim 1 , and the alternating current has a substantially constant voltage amplitude relative to an electrical potential of the reinforcing bar.3. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 1 , wherein the reinforcing bar embedded within the concrete functions as a ground node.4. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 1 , further comprising instructions to:increase a current of the alternating current substantially at a constant voltage of the alternating current.5. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 1 , further comprising instructions to:maintain an electrical potential of a guard ring substantially at an electrical potential of the probe.6. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 1 , ...

Method of monitoring subsurface concrete structures

Fibre optic sensors are used to monitor the integrity of a subsurface concrete structure such as a pile or diaphragm wall. A fibre optic sensor array ( 48 ) is attached to a reinforcement or framework assembly ( 20 ) for the subsurface concrete structure. Concrete is applied to surround the reinforcement or framework assembly ( 20 ) and fibre optic sensor array ( 48 ). The fibre optic sensor array ( 48 ) is then used to collect temperature data during hydration of the subsurface concrete structure. The temperature data is monitored in real time to determine differentials across the structure, indicative of a problem within the structure.

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR FLUORESCENCE GRADING OF GEMSTONES

Provided herein is an apparatus for assessing a fluorescence characteristic of a gemstone. The apparatus comprises an optically opaque platform for supporting a gemstone to be assessed, one or more light source to provide uniform UV and non-UV illumination, an image capturing component, and a telecentric lens positioned to provide fluorescent images of the illuminated gemstone to the image capturing component. Also provided are methods of fluorescence analysis based on images collected using such an apparatus. 1. A method of assessing a fluorescence characteristic of a sample gemstone , the method comprising:by a computer with a processor and memory, 'wherein the first color image is taken under a daylight approximating non-UV light source;', 'receiving a digital pixelated first color image of the sample gemstone at a first image rotation angle and a first image view angle,'} 'wherein the first fluorescence image is taken under a UV light source;', 'receiving a digital pixelated first fluorescence image of the sample gemstone at the first image rotation angle and the first image view angle,'} 'wherein the second color image is taken under a daylight approximating non-UV light source;', 'receiving a digital pixelated second color image of the sample gemstone at a second image rotation angle and the first image view angle,'} 'wherein the second fluorescence image is taken under a UV light source;', 'receiving a digital pixelated second fluorescence image of the sample gemstone at the second image rotation angle and the first image view angle,'} 'wherein the outline mask excludes all background image outside of boundary lines of the sample gemstone in the images;', 'determining, by the computer, an outline mask from the first color image and the second color image,'}based on the outline mask, determining values of geometrical parameters;determining an apparent fluorescence area of the sample gemstone, by the computer for the first fluorescence image and the second ...

METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR MEASURING THE GLASS DISTRIBUTION IN CONTAINERS

A method for measuring the distribution of the thickness of glass in glass containers at a high temperature comprises: 12462. A method for measuring the distribution of the thickness of the glass in glass containers () at a high temperature leaving shaping cavities () , the method applying at least one sensor sensitive to the infrared radiation () emitted by the containers () suitable for producing an image of the distribution of the infrared radiation , characterized in that it includes for each container the following steps:{'b': '2', 'selecting at least one inspection area (Z) of the container () so that the relationship of the thickness of the glass has a function of intensity of the infrared radiation is homogenous over the whole of this inspection area (Z),'}{'b': '11', 'measuring, for each inspection area (Z), the glass thickness of the container in at least one measurement point belonging to the inspection area (Z), by means of a contactless point-like thickness measurement system ().'}{'b': 6', '2, 'measuring by means of a sensor sensitive to infrared radiation (), the distribution of the infrared radiation emitted by the container () at least in each inspection area (Z),'}determining, for each inspection area (Z), a relationship between the measurement of the thickness taken at the measurement point and the relevant infrared radiation at said measurement point,and from said relationship and from the distribution of the relevant infrared radiation of each inspection area, determining the distribution of the glass thickness of the container of each inspection area (Z)22. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that it consists of measuring the glass thickness of the container () along a direction perpendicular to the surface of the container by means of the point-like measurement system.322. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that it consists of measuring the glass thickness of the container () in the different neighboring ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR TESTING CERAMIC COATINGS

A method of testing for impurities includes directing an x-ray source toward a surface at an angle α relative to the plane of the surface, the surface defined by a ceramic coating over a crystalline substrate; detecting electromagnetic radiation emitted from the ceramic coating at an angle θ different from the angle α and its supplementary angle; and comparing characteristics of the detected electromagnetic radiation to characteristics associated with impurities. 1. A method of testing for impurities , the method comprising:directing an x-ray source toward a surface at an angle α relative to the plane of the surface, the surface defined by a ceramic coating over a crystalline substrate;detecting electromagnetic radiation emitted from the ceramic coating at an angle θ different from the angle α and its supplementary angle; andcomparing characteristics of the detected electromagnetic radiation to characteristics associated with impurities.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the angle α is not greater than a critical angle.3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the angle α is in a range of 0.015° to 5.0°.7. (canceled)8. (canceled)9. (canceled)10. (canceled)11. (canceled)12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the x-rays derived from the x-ray source have a wavelength in the range of 0.01 nm to 10 nm.13. (canceled)14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the crystalline substrate is a monocrystalline silicon substrate.15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ceramic coating is polycrystalline.16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ceramic coating is amorphous.17. (canceled)18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ceramic coating comprises alumina.19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the ceramic coating comprising yttria doped alumina.20. The method of claim 1 , wherein the impurity is a transition metal.21. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluoresced electromagnetic radiation has a wavelength in a range of 0.05 nm to 30 nm.22. The method of ...

QUARTZ GLASS CRUCIBLE, MANUFACTURING METHOD OF SILICON SINGLE CRYSTAL USING THE SAME, AND INFRARED TRANSMISSIVITY MEASUREMENT METHOD AND MANUFACTURING METHOD OF QUARTZ GLASS CRUCIBLE

A quartz glass crucible having a cylindrical side wall portion , a bottom portion , and a corner portion includes a transparent layer as an innermost layer made of quartz glass, a semi-molten layer as an outermost layer made of raw material silica powder solidified in a semi-molten state, and a bubble layer made of quartz glass interposed therebetween. An infrared transmissivity of the corner portion in a state where the semi-molten layer is removed is 25 to 51%, the infrared transmissivity of the corner portion in the state where the semi-molten layer is removed is lower than an infrared transmissivity of the side wall portion , and the infrared transmissivity of the side wall portion in the state where the semi-molten layer is removed is lower than an infrared transmissivity of the bottom portion 1. A quartz glass crucible comprising:a cylindrical side wall portion;a bottom portion;a corner portion connecting the side wall portion and the bottom portion to each other;a transparent layer made of quartz glass that does not contain bubbles;a bubble layer formed outside the transparent layer and made of quartz glass containing a large number of bubbles; anda semi-molten layer formed outside the bubble layer and made of raw material silica powder solidified in a semi-molten state,wherein an infrared transmissivity of the corner portion in a state where the semi-molten layer is removed is 25 to 51%,the infrared transmissivity of the corner portion in the state where the semi-molten layer is removed is lower than an infrared transmissivity of the side wall portion in a state where the semi-molten layer is removed, andthe infrared transmissivity of the corner portion in the state where the semi-molten layer is removed is lower than an infrared transmissivity of the bottom portion in a state where the semi-molten layer is removed.2. The quartz glass crucible according to claim 1 ,wherein the infrared transmissivity of the side wall portion in the state where the semi- ...

BENDABLE AND/OR FOLDABLE ARTICLES AND METHOD OF PROVIDING BENDABLE AND/OR FOLDABLE ARTICLES

The present disclosure relates to bendable and/or foldable articles and uses thereof and to a method of providing bendable and/or foldable articles. The articles are of translucent and brittle material, such as glass, glass ceramic, ceramic or crystals. The articles may be used as a display cover such as a protecting cover in displays in, for example, smartphones, tablet computers, or TV devices. The articles may also be used as a substrate for electronic components, such as OLEDs or LEDs. 2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the translucent and brittle material comprises a material selected from the group consisting of glass claim 1 , glass ceramic claim 1 , ceramic or crystals.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the fracture toughness Kis larger than 0.4 MPa·√m.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the compressive stress CS is larger than 200 MPa.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the characteristic penetration depth xis at least 2 μm and at most 50 μm.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the article thickness d is in a range of from 5 μm to 500 μm.8. The set of articles according to claim 7 , wherein the translucent and brittle material comprises a material selected from the group consisting of glass claim 7 , glass ceramic claim 7 , ceramic or crystals.9. The set of articles according to claim 7 , wherein the fracture toughness Kis larger than 0.4 MPa·√m.10. The set of articles according to claim 7 , wherein the compressive stress CS is larger than 200 MPa.11. The set of articles according to claim 7 , wherein the characteristic penetration depth xis at least 2 μm and at most 50 μm.12. The set of articles according to claim 7 , wherein the article thickness is in a range of from 5 μm to 500 μm.13. The set of articles according to claim 7 , further comprising a further material attached to at least one side of at least one of the plurality of articles to form a composite claim 7 , wherein a Young's modulus of the further ...

SPEED OF SOUND AND/OR DENSITY MEASUREMENT USING ACOUSTIC IMPEDANCE

Apparatus is provided featuring a signal processor or signal processing module configured at least to: receive signaling containing information about a radiation impedance of a piston vibrating a process medium, including a fluid or slurry; and determine a speed of sound or density measurement related to the process medium, based at least partly on the signaling received. The signal processor or signal processing module may determine a speed of sound measurement related to the process medium, based on at least partly on the density of the process medium, including where the density of the process medium is known, assumed or determined by the signal processor or signal processing module, or determine a density measurement related to the process medium, based on at least partly on the speed at which sound travels in the process medium, including where the speed of sound of the process medium is known, assumed or determined by the signal processor or signal processing module. 137-. (canceled)CCS-009538. Apparatus comprising:a signal processor or signal processing module configured at least to:receive signaling containing information about a compressibility (1/β) of a process flow medium, including a fluid or slurry, flowing in a process flow pipe, and about a speed at which sound travels within the process flow medium; anddetermine corresponding signaling containing information about a density of the process flow medium, based at least partly on the signaling received.39. Apparatus according to claim 38 , wherein the signal processor or signal processing module is configured to determine the compressibility (1/β) of the process flow medium based at least partly first signaling received from a ported unit configured in the process flow pipe to measure the compressibility (1/β) of the process flow medium.40. Apparatus according to claim 39 , wherein the apparatus comprises the ported unit that measures the compressibility (1/β) of the process flow medium.41. Apparatus ...

TIME-VARYING DETECTING DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CONCRETE RHEOLOGICAL PARAMETERS

A time-varying detecting device and method for concrete rheological parameters, in which the double-covered cylinder has top and bottom covers (), both of which can be freely opened, is configured to contain a concrete sample, and a lifting frame includes a pair of vertical supports () extending in parallel with each other. The double-covered cylindrical container is held between the pair of vertical supports () by means of connecting members () in such a manner that it can be flipped 180° about a straight line along which the connecting members () extend under the action of an external force. To perform a test, the top cover () is opened and a concrete mix is filled in, followed by detecting initial rheological parameters. The top cover () is closed, and the concrete mix is left for a predetermined period of time. The double-covered cylindrical container is lifted to a predetermined height by raising the connecting members (), flipped 180° and lowered back onto the floor. The bottom cover () is opened, and the concrete mix is re-mixed and homogenized, followed by finally detecting the time-varying rheological parameters of the concrete mix. 1. A time-varying detecting device for concrete rheological parameters , comprising:a double-covered cylindrical container comprising a top cover and a bottom cover that are allowed to be opened and closed freely, and a hollow cylindrical body;a lifting frame comprising a pair of vertical supports each of which is rotatably connected by a connecting member to a side wall of the double-covered cylindrical container such that the double-covered cylindrical container is allowed to be flipped 180° by an external force about a straight line along which the connecting members extend, wherein the connecting members are lifting rods, recesses are symmetrically formed in an outer surface of the cylindrical body, and the recesses are provided with associated fasteners, left bracket-shaped or ear-shaped slots are formed in central portions ...

Testing Petro-Physical Properties Using a Tri-Axial Pressure Centrifuge Apparatus

A system for testing properties of a sample, the system including a test cell. The test cell includes a cell casing having a first end piece, a second end piece, and at least one wall extending between the first end piece and the second end piece. The cell casing defines a pressure boundary enclosing an interior region of the cell. The test cell further includes a sample chamber, a first reservoir, and a second reservoir disposed within the pressure boundary. The sample chamber defines an interior region. The first reservoir fluidly connects to the interior region of the sample chamber. The second reservoir fluidly connects to the interior region of the sample chamber. The test cell also has a piston assembly having a piston fluid chamber and a piston with a stem extending into the piston fluid chamber. The piston partially defines the sample chamber.

METHOD OF PREVENTING LAMELLAR SILICA FORMATION IN GLASS CONTAINER

Methods of preventing the formation of lamellar silica formation in a borosilicate glass container storing a pharmaceutical formulation in an interior of the glass container in accordance with embodiments of the disclosure can include washing the container and drying the container under extended dry conditions of at least 3000 ms. 1. A method for preventing lamellar silica formation in a borosilicate glass container storing a pharmaceutical formulation in an interior of the glass container , comprising:prior to filling the glass container with the pharmaceutical formulation, washing the interior of the glass container with a pressurized water jet; anddrying the glass container by blowing compressed air into the interior of the glass container for at least 3000 ms wherein the glass container is washed and dried using a batch washer.2. A method for preventing lamellar silica formation in a borosilicate glass container storing a pharmaceutical formulation in an interior of the glass container , comprising:prior to filling the glass container with the pharmaceutical formulation, washing the glass container with a pressurized water jet under conditions sufficient to remove contaminants,drying the washed glass container; anddepyrogenizing the glass container by heating the dried glass container in an oven at a temperature of at least about 250° C., wherein the glass container remains stationary in the oven during heating.3. A method of preventing lamellar silica formation in a borosilicate glass container containing a pharmaceutical formulation in an interior of the glass container , comprising:prior to filling the glass container with the pharmaceutical formulation, washing the glass container with a pressurized water jet under conditions sufficient to remove contaminants,drying the washed glass container by blowing compressed air into the interior of the glass container for at least 3000 ms,placing the dried glass container in a heat-safe container and covering the heat ...

PROBING A STRUCTURE OF CONCRETE BY MEANS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES

In order to accurately probe a structure of concrete, a series of probe signals with defined carrier frequencies are generated by a probe signal generator and coupled into the structure by an antenna. The returning echo signals are processed by an echo signal receiver. Processing includes phase and amplitude detection in a multiplier, frequency-specific scaling in a scaling unit, replacement of the measured phases and amplitudes in an interpolation unit, and the generation of time-domain data in a Fourier transformation module. The device is robust against RF noise, accurate and low-power. 1. A method for probing a structure of concrete , said method comprising:sending an electromagnetic wave into said structure by an antenna,receiving an echo of said electromagnetic wave from said structure by said antenna,deriving internal features of said structure from said echo,whereinsaid sending the electromagnetic wave into said structure comprises subsequently sending a plurality of electromagnetic probe signals of different frequencies into said structure,said receiving said echo comprises receiving an echo signal for each of said probe signals and determining an amplitude and phase for each of said echo signals, andsaid deriving the internal features comprises deriving the internal features using said amplitude and phase of said echo signals.2. The method of wherein said probe signals are generated by an analogue oscillator with adjustable frequency.3. The method of wherein said echoes are demodulated in an analogue demodulation-multiplier where they are multiplied with a signal from said analogue oscillator.4. The method of whereinsaid probe signals each comprise a carrier signal modulated by a modulation signal, wherein a frequency of said carrier signal is at least 100 MHz and a frequency of said modulation signal is no more than 10 MHz, and wherein the probe signals differ in the frequency of their carrier signals, andsaid echo signals are demodulated at the frequency ...

Method and System of Light-Weight Cement Bond Evaluation by Acoustic Vortex Waves

A method and system for inspecting light-weight cement downhole. The method may comprise inserting an inspection device into a casing. The inspection device may comprise a transducer, a centralizing module, and a telemetry module. The method may further comprise activating the transducer, wherein the transducer generates acoustic vortex waves, detecting the locations of fluid gaps, and creating a graph with an information handling system for analysis.

Method For Determining Quality Or Evolvement Of A Physical Property Of A Viscous Substance

The inventive concept relates to a method of determining the relative ratios or percentages of certain characteristics or properties of viscous substances, wherein moisture content is a key determinant. The method utilizes placement of passive Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) instrumentation into a slurry or existing viscous mixture of substances. The RFID then reads moisture and/or other physical properties of the substance, typically process parameters such as temperature and/or pH. The readings are queried using an interrogator to acquire the data wirelessly. As a planning step, it is necessary to correlate the data with a variety of specially-developed algorithms specific to a viscous mixture associated with a particular process. The acquired readings will then provide a user with instantaneous information which will be determinative of the degree of completeness or maintenance of a certain property of the process. 1. A method for determination , at any point in time , the quality or phase of a specific physical property of a viscous substance , as the substance progresses through a stages of a particular process , the method comprising:(a) preparing algorithms of compilations of stored data corresponding to historic data showing the effects of temperature, time, moisture content, pH, and other variable conditions on the physical properties of the viscous substance;(b) positioning the viscous substance within or upon a specific container or enclosure;(c) embedding sensors in the interior mass of the viscous substance;(d) obtaining periodic measurements, transmitted from the sensors, of the specific physical properties of the viscous substance, in sequential segments of time;(e) accessing the previously-prepared algorithms for direct comparison with the periodic measurements obtained from the sensors and thereby converting the obtained measurements into a rendering of the stage, or quality, of the specific physical property of the viscous substance;(f) ...

METHODS FOR DETERMINING CHEMICAL HETEROGENEITY OF GLASS CONTAINERS

A method of making a glass container for storing a pharmaceutical formulation includes heating a Type 1 glass composition according to ASTM Standard E438-92 (2011) to form a glass melt, and forming the glass melt into a glass tube. The glass tube is then re-formed into the glass container having a glass body with: a wall region with an interior surface and an exterior surface; a heel region; and a base region. The interior surface of the glass container is formed by the interior surface of the glass body. A glass pharmaceutical container has a CDR value of less than or equal to 6.0, at least a class A2 base resistance or better according to ISO 695, at least a type HGB2 hydrolytic resistance or better according to ISO 719, and Type 1 chemical durability according to USP <660>. 1. A method of making a glass container for storing a pharmaceutical formulation , the method comprising:heating a Type 1 glass composition according to ASTM Standard E438-92 (2011) to form a glass melt;forming the glass melt into a glass tube; the glass container has a CDR value of less than or equal to 6.0,', 'the glass container has at least a class A2 base resistance or better according to ISO 695,', 'the glass container has at least a type HGB2 hydrolytic resistance or better according to ISO 719, and', 'the glass container has Type 1 chemical durability according to USP <660>., 're-forming the glass tube into the glass container comprising a glass body having a wall region with an interior surface and an exterior surface, a heel region, and a base region, wherein the interior surface of the glass container is formed by the interior surface of the glass body, and wherein'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the glass container has a CDR value that is greater than or equal to 0.6 and less than or equal to 1.6.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the glass container has a CDR value that is greater than or equal to 0.8 and less than or equal to 1.2.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the glass ...

DETECTION SYSTEM AND DETECTION METHOD

According to an embodiment, a detection system includes a plurality of sensor nodes and a sensor module. The plurality of sensor nodes detects sound waves generated from a prestressed concrete and converts the detected sound waves into detection signals. The sensor module is connected to the plurality of sensor nodes and receives the detection signals. The plurality of sensor nodes includes the sensor nodes in an operating state and the sensor nodes in a dormant state in which power consumption is held down as compared to the operating state. When magnitude of the detection signals is equal to or greater than a first threshold value, the sensor module switches the sensor node in the dormant state to the operating state. 1. A detection system comprising:a plurality of sensor nodes to detect sound waves generated from a prestressed concrete and convert the detected sound waves into detection signals; anda sensor module that is connected to the plurality of sensor nodes and receives the detection signals, whereinthe plurality of sensor nodes includes the sensor nodes in an operating state and the sensor nodes in a dormant state in which power consumption is held down as compared to the operating state, andwhen magnitude of the detection signals is equal to or greater than a first threshold value, the sensor module switches the sensor node in the dormant state to the operating state.2. The system according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , when operating period of the sensor nodes in the operating state is equal to or greater than a second threshold value claim 1 , the sensor module switches the sensor nodes in the operating state to the dormant state and switches another sensor node in the dormant state to the operating state.3. The system according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , when a period of time equal to or greater than a third threshold value elapses since the sensor node in the dormant state is switched to the operating state by the sensor module claim 1 , the ...

SULPHUR DETECTION METHOD AND KIT

Method of detecting the presence of sulphur in a construction material such as asphalt or concrete comprising the steps of:·(a) adding a quantity of the construction material to a solvent to form a test solution, wherein the solvent is capable of solubilising all or part of any sulphur which is present in the construction material and wherein the solvent is miscible with an aqueous solution; and·(b) detecting the presence of sulphur in the test solution by (i) adding to the solution a reagent which induces part or all of any sulphur present in the test solution to precipitate and (ii) measuring the turbidity of the test solution after the precipitation has been formed. The present invention further relates to a sulphur detection kit for detecting the presence of sulphur in construction materials such as asphalt or concrete. 1. A method of detecting the presence of sulphur in a construction material such as asphalt or concrete comprising the steps of:(a) adding a quantity of the construction material to a solvent to form a test solution, wherein the solvent is capable of solubilising all or part of any sulphur which is present in the construction material and wherein the solvent is miscible with an aqueous solution; and(b) detecting the presence of sulphur in the test solution by(i) adding to the solution a reagent which induces part or all of any sulphur present in the test solution to precipitate; and(ii) measuring the turbidity of the test solution after the precipitate has been formed.2. A method according to wherein step (ii) is carried out within a time period of 2 minutes to 20 minutes after the reagent has been added to the test solution.3. A method according to wherein the presence of sulphur in the construction material is indicated by the test solution having a turbidity of 150 FNU or greater after the sulphur has precipitated out of solution.4. A method according to wherein wherein the solvent is an alcoholic solvent.5. A method according to wherein the ...

METHODS OF CHARACTERIZING ION-EXCHANGED CHEMICALLY STRENGTHENED GLASSES CONTAINING LITHIUM

Methods of characterizing ion-exchanged chemically strengthened glass containing lithium are disclosed. The methods allow for performing quality control of the stress profile in chemically strengthened Li-containing glasses having a surface stress spike produced in a potassium-containing salt, especially in a salt having both potassium and sodium. The method allows the measurement of the surface compression and the depth of the spike, and its contribution to the center tension, as well as the compression at the bottom of the spike, and the total center tension and calculation of the stress at the knee where the spike and the deep region of the stress profile intersect. The measurements are for a commercially important profile that is near-parabolic in shape in most of the interior of the substrate apart from the spike. 1. A method of characterizing a stress profile of a chemically strengthened glass substrate formed by the in-diffusion of alkali ions and having an upper surface and a body , a shallow spike region of stress immediately adjacent the upper surface and a deep region of slowly varying stress within the body and that intersects the spike region at a knee , wherein the method comprises:measuring a TM mode spectrum and a TE mode spectrum of the glass substrate, wherein the TM mode spectrum and the TE mode spectrum each include mode lines and a transition associated with a critical angle;{'sub': 'sp', 'determining a surface compressive stress CSof the spike using the TM and TE mode spectra, or a measurement of a surface concentration of at least one type of the alkali ions;'}{'sub': 'sp', 'calculating a depth of layer DOLof the spike using the modes lines of at least one of the TM and TE spectra and including using a distance between the transition and the most adjacent mode line to the transition to obtain a non-integer mode count;'}measuring a difference between the TE and TM transition locations to determine an amount of birefringence BR; and{'sub': 'knee ...

Glass coating specification library

Disclosed herein are methods for characterizing environmental factors that affect glass substrates and then based on those factors, determining the optimal coatings to be applied to glass substrates used in solar energy modules and the like to enhance efficiency, general performance and to reduce operational and maintenance costs. Also disclosed are methods and apparatus for applying coatings to flat substrates including substrate pre-treatment processes, coating processes including flow coating and roll coating; coating curing processes including skin-curing using hot-air knives. Also disclosed are coating compositions and formulations for highly tunable, durable, highly abrasion resistant functionalized anti-reflective coatings.