Устройство для фильтрации спектров оптических сигналов

Полезная модель относится к оптоэлектронике. Устройство для фильтрации спектров оптических сигналов содержит дифракционную решетку и пространственный фильтр. В качестве дифракционной решетки применена зеркально отражающая рельефная периодическая дифракционная структура с высоким коэффициентом отражения, с прямоугольной формой рельефа в форме «меандр», с глубиной рельефа Н, которая превышает длину волны входного оптического излучения λ. Структура установлена на поворотной платформе, которая связана с механизмом регулировки угла падения светового пучка, падающего на эту дифракционную структуру таким образом, чтобы плоскость падения была параллельна линии рельефа дифракционной структуры. Пространственный фильтр расположен в отраженном от дифракционной структуры пучке излучения таким образом, чтобы он выделял нулевой порядок в дифракционной картине после отражения оптического пучка от дифракционной структуры. Технический результат заключается в повышении коэффициента передачи мощности оптического ...

Coherent optical multi-channel correlator - has generator, fourier transformation lens filter holograms image lens and detectors

The coherent light-wave generator illuminates the object or object field to be analyzed with a number of illumination directions. It consists of a light source (1) and a rotary wedge-shaped plate (2) positioned in the path of coherent light beams. Two rotary wedge-shaped plates (7, 8) are offset 180 deg. to each other, and positioned between the filter holograms (4) and the image lens (5). Both wedge-shaped plates (7, 8) are rigidly connected and form an optical unit. A synchronous drive system is provided for the wedge-shaped plate (2) as well as the wedge-shaped plates (7, 8). A number of different filter holograms and several photo-detectors are provided.

PHASENMESSUNG IN EINEM STRAHLUNGSFELD

FILTERING SPATIAL FREQUENCIES

... 1394744 Spatial filtering; television PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd 9 June 1972 [12 June 1971] 27076/72 Heading H4F Spatial filtering of a transparent object 10 is effected by opening a Fourier transform of the object using coherent light 5, locating a spatial filter 12 in the transform plane, separating out images filtered in different manner, treating the filtered images as at 25, 26 and mixing the treated filtered images to give a single output display 28. A beam splitter 22 may be used to give two transform spectrums of the object; a filter, e.g. 12 may be located only in one transform plane, or each transform plane may have an appropriate filter. The filtered signals are fed to television cameras 23, 24 and processed in modulators 25, 26. If desired only one transform plane may be used with the beam splitters and cameras located after that plane. Alternatively only one camera may be used and the first filtered function stored for processing and mixing with a second ...

A projector

Optical processing method and apparatus

A reduced noise optical device

Imaging systems

An imaging system for maintaining the intensity of an output image constant, where the output image corresponds to a viewed scene. A focusing device forms an input image of the viewed scene on a variable grating modulation device. The viewed scene is then read from the focusing device and a scene intensity distribution pattern formed of two histograms is formed. One of these histograms is processed to produce an output image which has a constant range of intensity levels as adjusted using one of the intensity level of the one histogram.

Operating a spatial light modulator

Operating a spatial light modulator or SLM 201 having a plurality of pixels 203 by representing an input pattern on a first subset of pixels 221, representing a first filter of a first reference image on a second subset of pixels 222 to receive the +n diffracted order from the input, representing a second filter of a second reference image on a third subset of pixels 223 to receive the n diffracted order from the input, and performing optical correlation between the input and the reference images on the second 222 and third 223 subsets of pixels.

A reduced noise optical device

COHERENT LIGHT OPTICAL PROCESSOR

Field mapper

An optical system 10 converts a light beam having a known spatially coherent first optical field 14, such as a Gaussian field, to a second optical field 22 with a required intensity distribution and flat wavefront at a desired distance from the system. It does this by creating an intermediate optical field 30, between the first and second optical fields. The intermediate optical field is derived from the inverse Fourier transform of the second optical field. The optical system provides a field mapper. The system includes one or more transmissive refractive optical elements such as a phase plate, arranged to provide a first optical section 25 and a second optical section 26. A focussing lens (figure 2, 132) may be used to provide the required beam at focal plane 24.

Improvements in Optical Systems

... 1,172,869. Uses of photochromism. HAWKER SIDDELEY DYNAMICS Ltd. 28 June, 1967 [29 June, 1966], No. 29298/66. Heading C4S. [Also in Division G2] A coherent light source L is focused at L1 in a plane F containing a filter plate P, and transparency P 1 is introduced in the light path to produce a diffraction pattern on the plate P. Simultaneously a second coherent light source 5 images a diffraction pattern of a second transparency P 2 on the plate P, and a direct beam E from the source S interferes with the second diffraction pattern to form a hologram. The plate P is made of a photochromic material excited by the frequency of the second source S, so the plate P will be rendered less transparent in certain areas depending on the hologram pattern. The plate P thus acts as a spatial filter for the diffraction pattern of the transparency P 1 . The hologram may alternatively be made by the single beam method.

Optical apparatus for determining correlation or convolution functions

... 1,029,929. Optical apparatus. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION. March 31, 1965 [April 13, 1964], No. 13611/65. Heading G2J. [Also in Division G4]. In values of correlation or convolution functions of two patterns for relative displacements along a given line are found by projecting one pattern 12 on to the other 14 as a continum of images displaced along the given line, each image being of a different light frequency, the light passing through the second pattern being collected at a point to represent the sum of the values of the desired functions. Light source 10 and lens 11 produce collimated light which passes through the transparency pattern 12 and the resulting image is broken up into a series of images by a spectroscope 13 comprising lenses 13A, 13B and prism 13C. The continum of images falls on transparency pattern 14 and the light transmitted is gathered by a coverging light guide 15E into a point 15C. This is spread into a line 15D by part 15B, and the image of this ...

GEOMETRICAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN OPTICS

... 1502127 Optical geometric transformations XEROX CORP 20 Oct 1975 [27 Jan 1975] 42985/75 Heading G2J Geometrical image transformations from a first plane to a second plane such as co-ordinate transformations and local translation, inversion, reflection, stretching and rotation (e.g. for field flattening, spatially filtering optical data, coding and decoding optical data or imaging on curved surfaces) are performed by (a) forming an object distribution 30 at the first plane (b) placing a lens 34 between the first and second plane 38 so that it is spaced from each plane by a distance equal to its focal length fL and (c) positioning a transfer member 36, having a predetermined varying phase profile, adjacent the object distribution 30. The varying phase profile corresponds to the desired transformation and a light distribution corresponding to this transformation is formed at the second plane 38. In Fig. 2 the transfer member 36 is a phase filter made up of prisms 42 and lenses 44. Illumination ...

MTF IMPROVED OPTICAL SYSTEM, WHICH USES PHASE MASKS WITH UNCHANGED PHASE WITHIN A MIDDLE RANGE

WAVELENGTHTUNABLE SOURCE OF LIGHT

SYSTEM AND PROCEDURE FOR THE RE-FIND OF PHASE INFORMATION OF A WAVE FRONT

OPTIMIZED IMAGE PROCESSING FOR WAVE FRONT-CODED IMAGING SYSTEMS

ILLUSTRATING OPTICAL EQUIPMENT

OPTICAL LOW-PASS FILTER WITH A PHASENGITTER.

OPTICAL SYSTEM FOR PICTURE TUBE.

ANTI- ALIASING DEVICE AND OPTICAL ILLUSTRATION PROCEDURE

PHASE MEASUREMENT IN A RADIATION FIELD

WAVELENGTHTUNABLE SOURCE OF LIGHT

WAVELENGTHTUNABLE SOURCE OF LIGHT

WAVELENGTHTUNABLE SOURCE OF LIGHT

WAVELENGTHTUNABLE SOURCE OF LIGHT

WAVELENGTHTUNABLE SOURCE OF LIGHT

WAVELENGTHTUNABLE SOURCE OF LIGHT

WAVELENGTHTUNABLE SOURCE OF LIGHT

WAVELENGTHTUNABLE SOURCE OF LIGHT

WAVELENGTHTUNABLE SOURCE OF LIGHT

WAVELENGTHTUNABLE SOURCE OF LIGHT

TRANSFORM OPTICAL PROCESSING SYSTEM

OPTICAL PROCESSOR FOR X-RAY IMAGES

FOURIER PLANE RECURSIVE OPTICAL FILTER

INTERLACED MULTIPLEXING ELECTRO-OPTICAL SYSTEM

OPTICAL PROCESSING OF DATA

OPTICAL SPATIAL FILTERING WITH MULTIPLE LIGHT SOURCES

ROTATIONALLY INDEPENDENT OPTICAL CORRELATION FOR POSITION DETERMINATION

DEVICE AND METHOD USING ASYMMETRIC OPTICAL RESONANCES

An optical resonator includes a reflective element and a spatial mode filter. The spatial mode filter is positioned relative to the reflective element such that light emitted from the spatial mode filter is reflected by the reflective element. The optical resonator has an optical resonance with a resonance lineshape that is asymmetric as a function of wavelength.

3D REFRACTIVE INDEX TOMOGRAPHY AND STRUCTURED ILLUMINATION MICROSCOPY SYSTEM USING WAVEFRONT SHAPER AND METHOD THEREOF

An ultra-high-speed 3D refractive index tomography and structured illumination microscopy system using a wavefront shaper and a method using the same are provided. A method of using an ultra-high-speed 3D refractive index tomography and structured illumination microscopy system that utilizes a wavefront shaper includes adjusting an irradiation angle of a plane wave incident on a sample by using the wavefront shaper, measuring a 2D optical field, which passes through the sample, based on the irradiation angle of the plane wave, and obtaining a 3D refractive index image from information of the measured 2D optical field by using an optical diffraction tomography or a filtered back projection algorithm.

PHASE MEASURING SCANNING OPTICAL MICROSCOPE

... 2077754 9107682 PCTABSCORE2 The invention provides for phase measurement in transmission and reflection scanning optical microscopes. In these microscopes a parallel beam of laser (1) light is focused onto a small portion of an object (4). Light from this small portion is imaged via a pinhole (8) onto a single detector (10). The image is built up by scanning the object and recording the output from the detector for each object position. In this invention the phase image is recovered by subsequent processing of two or more amplitude images. One image is measured in the usual way; the other or others are recorded with suitable filters (2, 7) placed in the Fourier or output planes of both the illumination (3) and imaging (6) lenses. The two optical filters (2, 7) have amplitude weighting functions g(x, y) which preferably equal c. exp(ax + by), where a, b and c ar real constants.

Procédé de filtrage optique dans l'espace et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé

Appareil de traitement d'information optique

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines optischen Raumfilters

Procédé pour obtenir et traiter des informations sismiques en vue de dresser une carte géologique du sous-sol

Procédé et dispositif pour modifier, par filtrage de fréquences spatiales, une image d'un cliché transparent, projetée dans un plan-image par un objectif de projection, et application de ce procédé

Verfahren zur Überwachung der periodischen Struktur einer in Bewegung befindlichen Materialbahn und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Anordnung mit einem optischen Raumfilter

EINRICHTUNG ZUR SELBSTTAETIGEN FOKUSSIERUNG.

SYNTHETISCHES FOURIER-TRANSFORMATIONS-HOLOGRAMM.

OPTISCHER KORRELATOR ZUM VERGLEICH EINES PRUEFLINGS MIT EINEM STANDARDOBJEKT.

Verfahren zur Erzeugung verschiedener Aufzeichnungen in einer photographischen Emulsionsschicht

Anordnung zur optischen Umwandlung eines Objektbildes in ein diesem zugeordnetes Wiedergabebild und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung

APPARAT ZUR BESTIMMUNG DES DURCHMESSERS KLEINER TEILCHEN.

Defects in material surface classified by diffraction pattern

Defects in material surface classified by diffraction pattern formed by light projected onto surface passing through filter ...

Method and device for automatic monitoring of workpieces by means of a holographic comparison technique

Zoom lens systems with wavefront coding

The present invention discloses zoom lens systems and methods for imaging incoming rays over a range of ray angles. The incoming rays are characterized by at least phase. The zoom lens system includes an optical axis and is characterized by a plurality of modulation transfer functions (MTFs) corresponding at least to the range of ray angles. The zoom lens system includes an optical group disposed along the optical axis, including at least one variable optical element that has a variable focal length selectable between at least two distinct focal length values. The optical group also includes a wavefront coding element. The wavefront coding element alters at least the phase of the incoming rays, such that the plurality of MTFs corresponding to the range of ray angles, for each one of the two distinct focal length values, are less sensitive to misfocus-like aberrations than a corresponding system without the wavefront coding element.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR OPTICAL MULTIPLE FILTERING

oPTICAL FILTER

CONVERTER MULTIMODE-MONOMODE, IN PARTICULAR AS A LASER SOURCE HAS MULTIMODE FIBREAMPLIFICATRICE

Device allowing to improve the images provided by the optical systems

Filter translation of code

ON?AXIS HOLOGRAPHY

Method and device for analysing elements emerging from the surface of a product and applications

METHODS AND AUTHORISATION FOR OPTICAL FILTERING OF oBJECTSmORE ARBITRARY MIT sTRAIGHT ONEbORDER LINESgEOMETRICALLY FORM

DISPLAY SYSTEM HAS FILTER OF CORRECTION

Le domaine général de l'invention est celui des systèmes de visualisation comportant un dispositif de traitement d'images (E), l'image avant traitement étant notée image initiale et l'image après traitement étant noté image traitée, un afficheur (D) présentant l'image traitée par le dispositif de traitement d'images et un dispositif de visualisation comportant : - une première optique (L1) faisant de l'image traitée une image intermédiaire, ladite première optique comportant une pupille (P) ; - une seconde optique (L2) faisant de l'image intermédiaire une image collimatée destinée à être présentée à un utilisateur, ladite seconde optique agencée de façon à former une image de la pupille au niveau de l'œil (Y) de l'observateur, ladite image étant appelé anneau oculaire (A). Le dispositif selon l'invention comporte un filtre de correction (F) disposé au niveau de la pupille et agencé de façon à assurer au moins qu'une image présentée par l'afficheur ne subisse pas d'inversion de contraste ...

CONTACT SCREEN AND METHOD FOR NONLINEAR TRANSFORMATIONS AND FILTERING IN COHERENT OPTICAL SYSTEMS

Optical device which can be used in space-domain filtering and frequency-domain spectrum-analysing systems

METHOD OF REPRODUCING X-RAY PICTURES

OPTICAL SPATIAL FILTERING WITH MULTIPLE LIGHT SOURCES

MANUFACTURING A COMPLEX-VALUED SPATIAL FILTER

Detection of contours in moving scene imaged from moving vehicle - uses burst of light from electrically addressable spatial light modulation EASLM from laser beam with video camera

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif de détection de contours dans une scène mobile par exemple. Ce dispositif comprend essentiellement une diode laser (1), un modulateur (M) de lumière spatial électriquement adressable (EALSM) associé à une caméra vidéo (2), et un filtre passe-haut (3) ne laissant passer que des fréquences spatiales élevées qui sont reçues par un appareil (9) de reconstitution d'image ne comportant plus que des contours nets de la scène. Ce dispositif peut être embarqué sur tout type de véhicule pour fournir une à la conduite de ce véhicule.

OPTICAL CORRELATOR

Inspecting DEVICE Of APPARATUS OF RESTITUTION Of OPTICAL IMAGES

METHOD FOR fOCUSING OF A oBJECTIVErELATIVE FOR rOUGHEN OR sMOOTH ONEsURFACES

AUTOMATIC FOCUSING APPARATUS

oPTICALpHASE FILTER

METHOD FOR fOCUSING OF A oBJECTIVErELATIVE FOR rOUGHEN OR sMOOTH ONEsURFACES

Space filter complexes made up of binary characters

Optical System For Processing Image By Using Point Spread Function And Image Processing Method Thereof

PHASE-TYPE DIFFRACTION ELEMENT, MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF, AND IMAGE PICKUP APPARATUS

OPTICAL IMAGING SYSTEMS AND METHODS UTILIZING NONLINEAR AND/OR SPATIALLY VARYING IMAGE PROCESSING

Systems and methods include optics having one or more phase modifying elements that modify wavefront phase to introduce image attributes into an optical image. A detector converts the optical image to electronic data while maintaining the image attributes. A signal processor subdivides the electronic data into one or more data sets, classifies the data sets, and independently processes the data sets to form processed electronic data. The processing may optionally be nonlinear. Other imaging systems and methods include optics having one or more phase modifying elements that modify wavefront phase to form an optical image. A detector generates electronic data having one or more image attributes that are dependent on characteristics of the phase modifying elements and/or the detector. A signal processor subdivides the electronic data into one or more data sets, classifies the data sets and independently processes the data sets to form processed electronic data. © KIPO & WIPO 2009 ...

DISPOSITIVOS DE CONTROLE E PROCESSO PARA SISTEMA DE INSPECAO OTICO

OPTICAL SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MULTI-RANGE AND DUAL-RANGE IMAGING

An imaging system is presented for use in multi-range imaging of an object scene by incoherent light. The imaging system comprises aligned a phase mask section, a single focus lens section, and a pixel detector array (PDA). The phase mask section has a generally non-diffractive, narrowly bounded, phase variation corresponding to a profile of a through-object Modulated Transfer Function (MTF) of the imaging system, where the profile has, at an at least one non-zero spatial frequency, at least two regions of growth leading to the MTF higher than 10%.

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REPRESENTING AN OBJECT

L'invention concerne un procédé pour l'obtention d'une représentation d'au moins un objet (40), dans lequel on enregistre au moins deux images partielles de l'objet (40) dans des conditions d'objet différentes à chaque fois qui ont la forme de motifs spatiaux sur l'objet. Pour chaque point d'objet, il existe une dépendance non linéaire de la lumière détectée à partir du point d'objet aux conditions d'objet données au niveau de l'objet et les images partielles contiennent des valeurs différentes de fractions de fréquences spatiales différentes de la structure d'objet. Selon l'invention, on calcule la représentation d'objet désirée à partir des images partielles par reconstitution des fractions de fréquences spatiales. L'invention concerne également des systèmes optiques (100) pour la réalisation d'un tel procédé.

Systems and methods for coherent beam combining of laser arrays

Systems and methods for coherent beam combining are provided. In some aspects, a system may comprise a first array of laser emitters configured to emit a first array of output beams along a first optical path. The system may also comprise a first array of collimating lenses configured to collimate the first array of output beams. The system may also comprise a first lens configured to focus the first array of output beams at a first focal plane. The system may also comprise a first phase screen configured to combine the first array of output beams at the first focal plane to generate one or more first coherently combined beams. Each of the one or more first coherently combined beams corresponds to a phase combination of the first array of output beams.

Spatial light modulator alignment

A method and system for aligning a spatial light modulator with respect to an imaging device is disclosed. An image of the spatial light modulator can be formed upon the imaging device and a controller can be used to position optical elements in a manner that effects translation, rotation, and scaling of the image so as to provide desired alignment. Such alignment can, for example, facilitate enhanced wavefront correction so as to at least partially compensate for the detrimental effects of atmospheric distortion in such applications as optical communications, imaging, and weaponry.

Spatial filtering for error detection

Fourier transform imaging microscope for examining parts carrying repetitive stripe pattern having a source of light with means forming a slit through which the light passes. Means including the part carrying the repetitive stripe pattern is used for forming a Fourier transform image of the slit after the light beam passes through it. Slit means is provided for suppressing the image of the stripe pattern itself while enhancing any defects and non-uniformities in the pattern.

METHOD FOR MAKING AN OPTICAL FILTER FOR A CHARACTER IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM

Dynamically matched optical filtering in a multiple telescope imaging system

A dynamically matched optical filter is formed within a multiple telescope optical imaging system. Entrance and exit pupil geometries, the phases and tilts of multiple imaging paths and system alignments are sensed and controlled to allow wide field of view imaging and the enhancement or suppression of certain spatial frequencies of interest.

ZERO-ORDER DIFFRACTIVE SUBTRACTIVE FILTER PROJECTOR

Пространственный фильтр для мощных многокаскадных лазерных усилителей

Полезная модель относится к оптическому приборостроению, к лазерным многокаскадным усилителям для создания сверхсильных полей, в частности к пространственным фильтрам.Пространственный фильтр для мощных многокаскадных лазерных усилителей содержит вакуумированный корпус, две фокусирующие линзы, подвижную диафрагму. Для контроля положения подвижной диафрагмы в режиме юстировки предусмотрено смотровое юстировочное окно. Внутри вакуумированного корпуса вблизи от смотрового юстировочного окна размещена заслонка, выполненная из вакуумного оптически непрозрачного материала, эффективная площадь которой превышает апертуру смотрового юстировочного окна. Заслонка закреплена на вакуумированном корпусе с помощью цилиндрического шарнирного механизма. С помощью второго цилиндрического шарнирного механизма соединена со свободным концом штока механизма линейного перемещения с сильфонным вводом. В одном крайнем положении заслонка расположена в горизонтальном положении, соответствующем режиму юстировки, а в другом крайнем положении заслонка расположена в вертикальном положении, плотно закрывая просвет смотрового юстировочного окна, что соответствует рабочему режиму пространственного фильтра.Это позволяет обеспечить защиту системы видеомониторинга от мощных вспышек и защиту смотрового юстировочного окна от загрязнения в результате абляции материала подвижной диафрагмы в рабочем режиме. 3 ил. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 188 876 U1 (51) МПК G02B 27/46 (2006.01) H01S 3/10 (2006.01) G12B 17/08 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК G02B 27/46 (2019.02); H01S 3/10 (2019.02); G12B 17/08 (2019.02) (21) (22) Заявка: 2018146095, 25.12.2018 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 25.12.2018 25.04.2019 Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 25.12.2018 (45) Опубликовано: 25.04.2019 Бюл. № 12 Адрес для переписки: 603950, г. Нижний Новгород, Бокс-120, ул. Ульянова, 46, ИПФ РАН (56) Список документов, ...

Camera device

A camera device includes: an image pickup element; a birefringent plate fixed to a front surface of the image pickup element; and an optical glass member arranged on an optical path of the image pickup element on a front side of the birefringent plate. The optical glass member has a plurality of optical characteristic areas with different optical characteristics from each other. The optical characteristic areas are switched such that one of the plurality of optical characteristic areas is arranged on the optical path by moving the optical glass member in a direction intersecting with the optical path. The plurality of optical characteristic areas include an infrared cut filter area and a blank glass area. The infrared cut filter area is formed by depositing an infrared cut material with infrared cut characteristics on a surface of the optical glass member.

Monolithic or hybrid integrated optical information processor employing a plurality of controllable optical transfer functions at fractional fourier planes

A monolithic or hybrid integrated optical information processor employing a plurality of controllable optical transfer functions at fractional Fourier planes between two optical imaging elements is described. The arrangement can be used to realize or closely approximate arbitrary non-positive-definite transfer functions of spatially-varying amplitude and phase. In various implementations, one or both of the optical imaging elements can comprise a lens or graded-index material. In some implementations, at least a portion of the arrangement is implemented in the form of a stack. Graded index material may lie between consecutive light modulating array elements. The controllable plurality of optical transfer functions are employed to create a controllable optical processor which can be used for image filtering and optical computations using complex-valued optical signal arithmetic. An image sensor may be included to transform the processed image into electrical output. Applications include optical computing systems and integrated optics.

Compact light mixing illuminator, utilizing the fourier transform of patterned solid-state surface light emitting arrays

One embodiment of the invention is directed to a light mixing illuminator for illuminating an object, comprising an array of light emitting elements wherein at least some of the elements emit light of different wavelengths. An optical device is employed that focuses the light from the elements to a Fourier plane of the device, wherein the light emitting elements are arranged so that at least the zero spatial frequency components of light of the different wavelengths from the elements substantially overlap in a region at the Fourier plane. An objective is used to project the region onto the object. A mask is used that selectively blocks some of spatial frequency components of light from the elements without blocking the zero spatial frequency components of light from reaching the object.

Defect inspection device using catadioptric objective lens

A defect inspection device comprises an inspection optical system including a light source, a half mirror for reflecting illumination light emitted from the light source, a catadioptric objective lens for collecting reflected light from the sample by illumination light reflected by the half mirror, an imaging lens for focusing the reflected light transmitted through the catadioptric objective lens, a relay lens having a blocking member provided at a position at which specularly reflected light from the sample is focused by the imaging lens, and a detector for defecting the reflected light of the specularly deflected light blocked by the blocking member; and a computation processing unit for detecting defects of the sample on the basis of the signals detected by the detector.

Method of detecting an acceleration

A method detects an acceleration. The method includes providing a spatial mode filter positioned such that light emitted from the spatial mode filter is reflected by at least a portion of a reflective surface. The spatial mode filter and the portion of the reflective surface form an optical resonator having an optical resonance with a resonance lineshape. The method further includes emitting light from the spatial mode filter and irradiating the portion of the reflective surface. The portion of the reflective surface is responsive to acceleration of the optical resonator by changing curvature. The method further includes measuring a change of the resonance lineshape due to the acceleration of the optical resonator.

High-resolution imaging system

The invention relates to a high-resolution imaging system for recording images of the same scene, that are sampled in a complementary manner. To this end, an image filter ( 2 ) is arranged in an intermediate focusing plane (P 1 ), and a matrix ( 3 ) of microlenses is arranged at a distance from the image filter, with each microlens that is associated with an opening (O 2 ) of the image filter. An image detection matrix ( 9 ) is then optically conjugated with the microlens matrix. The system also comprises a device for moving an intermediate image in relation to the image filter ( 2 ). Such an imaging system is especially suitable for recording high-resolution infrared images.

Self-aligned spatial filter

A spatial filter is made by forming a structure comprising a focusing element and an opaque surface, the opaque surface being disposed remotely from the focusing element in substantially the same plane as a focal plane of the focusing element; and by forming a pinhole in the opaque surface at or adjacent to a focal point of the focusing element by transmitting a substantially collimated laser beam through the focusing element so that a point optimally corresponding to the focal point is identified on the opaque surface and imperfection of the focusing element, if any, is reflected on the shape and position of the pinhole so formed.

SELF-ALIGNED SPATIAL FILTER

A spatial filter is made by forming a structure comprising a focusing element and an opaque surface, the opaque surface being disposed remotely from the focusing element in substantially the same plane as a focal plane of the focusing element; and by forming a pinhole in the opaque surface at or adjacent to a focal point of the focusing element by transmitting a substantially collimated laser beam through the focusing element so that a point optimally corresponding to the focal point is identified on the opaque surface and imperfection of the focusing element, if any, is reflected on the shape and position of the pinhole so formed. 1. A method for making a spatial filter , comprising:forming a structure having a focusing element and an opaque surface, the opaque surface being disposed remotely from the focusing element in substantially the same plane as a focal plane of the focusing element;forming a pinhole in the opaque surface at or adjacent to a focal point of the focusing element by transmitting a substantially collimated light beam through the focusing element so that a point optimally corresponding to the focal point is identified on the opaque surface and imperfection of the focusing element, if any, is reflected on the shape and position of the pinhole so formed.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the opaque surface is made of a metal layer claim 1 , andwherein the step of forming the pinhole includes radiating a laser beam to the metal layer through the focusing element to ablate a portion of the metal at or adjacent to the focal point, thereby forming the pinhole in the metal layer.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the step of forming the pinhole includes:forming a photoresist on the opaque surface;radiating an exposing light beam to the photoresist through the focusing element to expose the photoresist; anddeveloping the exposed photoresist to form a photoresist pattern that defines a position of the pinhole to be formed.4. The method ...

PATTERN IRRADIATION APPARATUS HAVING SPATIAL LIGHT MODULATOR AND LIGHT BLOCKING MEMBER FOR BLOCKING 0-ORDER LIGHT GENERATED BY SPATIAL LIGHT MODULATOR

A pattern irradiation apparatus includes a light source unit, an objective that irradiates a sample plane with light emitted from the light source unit, a spatial light modulator of a phase modulation type that is arranged at a position conjugate with a pupil position of the objective and that modulates a phase of the light emitted from the light source unit, a light blocking member that is arranged in an optical path between the spatial light modulator and the objective and that is configured to block 0-order light generated by the spatial light modulator, and a control device that makes a correspondence between a focusing position of the 0-order light generated by the spatial light modulator and a position of the light blocking member. 1. A pattern irradiation apparatus comprising:a light source unit;an objective that irradiates a sample plane with light emitted from the light source unit;a spatial light modulator of a phase modulation type that is arranged at a position optically conjugate with a pupil position of the objective and that modulates a phase of the light emitted from the light source unit;a light blocking member that is arranged in an optical path between the spatial light modulator and the objective and that is configured to block 0-order light generated by the spatial light modulator; anda control device that makes a correspondence between a focusing position of the 0-order light generated by the spatial light modulator and a position of the light blocking member so that the 0-order light generated by the spatial light modulator is blocked by the light blocking member and diffracted light generated by the spatial light modulator is transmitted through the light blocking member.2. The pattern irradiation apparatus according to claim 1 , whereinthe control device controls the light source unit so that at least one of a wavelength, a wavefront, and a flux diameter of the light emitted from the light source unit changes.3. The pattern irradiation ...

PHASE FILTER, IMAGING OPTICAL SYSTEM, AND IMAGING SYSTEM

A phase filter is configured to comprise an annular structure rotationally symmetrical about an optical axis, each annular zone including a cross-sectional shape of substantially parabola for uniformly extending incident rays of light on a focal plane and letting the rays overlap with each other. 113-. (canceled)14. An optical system comprising:an image forming optical system having a focus position anda phase filter including a plurality of annular zones disposed concentrically around a center of an optical axis of the phase filter,wherein each annular zones of the phase filter diverges incident light flux locally, andwherein a light flux parallel to the optical axis entering the image forming optical system enters each annular zones of the phase filter, and the respective light fluxes which passes through each annular zones of the phase filter passes the focus position of the image forming optical system, andwherein the annular zones cause the respective light fluxes to overlap in a range along the optical axis including the focus position of the image forming optical system.15. The optical system according to claim 14 , wherein a width of each of the annular zones of the phase filter is configured to be uniform among the annular zones.16. The optical system according to claim 14 , wherein a width of each of the annular zones of the phase filter is made narrower in a direction from the optical axis toward a peripheral part of the phase filter.17. The optical system according to claim 14 , wherein a phase difference made by the annular zone is configured to be uniform for the annular zones.18. The optical system according to claim 14 , wherein a phase difference made by the annular zone is configured to be made larger at a peripheral part of the phase filter than at the vicinity of the optical axis.19. The optical system according to claim 14 , wherein each of the annular zones of the phase filter includes a concave surface acting as a concave lens having a ...

OPTICAL SYSTEM WITH MULTIPLE LIGHT EMITTERS SHARING A FIELD OF VIEW OF A PIXEL DETECTOR

An optical system for collecting distance information within a field is provided. The optical system may include lenses for collecting photons from a field and may include lenses for distributing photons to a field. The optical system may include lenses that collimate photons passed by an aperture, optical filters that reject normally incident light outside of the operating wavelength, and pixels that detect incident photons. The optical system may further include illumination sources that output photons at an operating wavelength. 1. An optical system comprising:a bulk imaging optic;a first plurality of emitters, each emitter in the first plurality of emitters aligned to output an illuminating beam of an operating wavelength toward a discrete spot in the field;a second plurality of emitters corresponding in number to the first plurality of emitters, each emitter in the second plurality of emitters aligned to output an illuminating beam of an operating wavelength toward a discrete spot in the field that overlaps with the discrete spot of a corresponding emitter in the first plurality of emitters;a plurality of pixels operable to detect photons emitted from the first and second emitters and received through the bulk imaging optic after being reflected from surfaces within the field, wherein each pixel in the plurality of pixels has a discrete field-of-view that overlaps with the discrete spot into which the illuminating beam of one emitter from the first plurality of emitters is output and the discrete spot into which the illuminating beam of one emitter from the second plurality of emitters is output.2. The optical system according to further comprising a first bulk transmitter optic spaced apart from the bulk imaging optic and a second bulk transmitter optic spaced apart from the bulk imaging optic claim 1 , and wherein each emitter in the first plurality of emitters outputs an illuminating beam through the first bulk transmitter optic and wherein each emitter in ...

Projection device and interface device

In order to project an image excluding zero-order light without adding extra modulation elements or pixels, without applying distortions, and without reducing luminance, a projection device includes: a phase modulator that modulates the phase of incident laser light; a Fourier transform lens that performs Fourier transformation on laser light, whose phase is modulated by the phase modulator; a mirror disposed on an image formation surface by the Fourier transform lens, and configured to reflect the laser light subjected to Fourier transformation by the Fourier transform lens; and a projection lens that enlarges the light reflected by the mirror and projects the light as projected light. The mirror guides zero-order light included in the Fourier-transformed laser light in a direction different from a direction of the projection lens, and reflects the light excluding zero-order light toward the projection lens.

SUPER-OSCILLATORY LENS DEVICE

A super-oscillatory lens () having a pre-defined pattern to spatially modulate the light beam in amplitude and/or phase which has a blocking element () formed integrally with the lens, or as a separate component adjacent to the lens, which is opaque to the light beam to cause diffraction of the light beam around the blocking element and formation of a shadow region (). The lens and blocking element focus the light beam to form an elongate needle-shaped focus () in the shadow region (). In any application in which it is necessary to scan a small spot over a surface, compared with a conventional objective lens focus the elongate shape of the focus relaxes the requirement on a feedback loop to maintain a constant separation between a scan head and a surface being scanned. The elongate shape is also ideal shape for materials processing applications. 1. An optical device comprising:a super-oscillatory lens arranged to receive a light beam having one or more wavelength components, the lens having a pre-defined pattern to spatially modulate the light beam in amplitude and/or phase; anda blocking element formed integrally with the lens, or as a separate component adjacent to the lens, which is opaque to the light beam to cause diffraction of the light beam around the blocking element and formation of a shadow region,wherein the super-oscillatory lens is structured and the blocking element dimensioned so that in combination they focus the light beam to form an elongate needle-shaped focus in the shadow region.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the needle-shaped focus extends over a distance of at least ‘n’ wavelengths of at least one of the wavelength components claim 1 , wherein is at least 3 claim 1 , 4 claim 1 , 5 claim 1 , 10 or 20.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the needle-shaped focus has a full width half maximum of less than half the wavelength of said at least one of the wavelength components claim 1 , preferably over its full length.4. The device of claim 1 , ...

Light Field Imaging Device and Method for Depth Acquisition and Three-Dimensional Imaging

A light field imaging device and method are provided. The device can include a diffraction grating assembly receiving a wavefront from a scene and including one or more diffraction gratings, each having a grating period along a grating axis and diffracting the wavefront to generate a diffracted wavefront. The device can also include a pixel array disposed under the diffraction grating assembly and detecting the diffracted wavefront in a near-field diffraction regime to provide light field image data about the scene. The pixel array has a pixel pitch along the grating axis that is smaller than the grating period. The device can further include a color filter array disposed over the pixel array to spatio-chromatically sample the diffracted wavefront prior to detection by the pixel array. The device and method can be implemented in backside-illuminated sensor architectures. Diffraction grating assemblies for use in the device and method are also disclosed. 189.-. (canceled)90. A method of imaging a scene , the method comprising:diffracting an optical wavefront originating from the scene with a diffraction grating having a grating period along a grating axis to generate a diffracted wavefront, the diffracted wavefront having, in a near-field diffraction region, an intensity profile that is spatially modulated according to the grating period and that shifts laterally along the grating axis upon varying an angle of incidence of the optical wavefront;detecting the diffracted wavefront with a pixel array comprising a plurality of light-sensitive pixels disposed under the diffraction grating in the near-field diffraction region, wherein said detecting comprises sampling different spatial parts of the intensity profile of the diffracted wavefront with first and second adjacent pixel groups of the plurality of light-sensitive pixels and generating therefrom respective first and second pixel responses that vary differently with the angle of incidence of the optical wavefront; ...

OPTICAL COMPONENT AND IMAGING DEVICE USING SAME

To provide an optical component (phase plate) capable of acquiring an image of a deep depth of field or focal position, and an imaging device using it. What is provided is the optical component that includes multiple ring zones demarcated by multiple concentric circles, and is configured to be rotationally symmetric to a center of the concentric circles. Cross sections of the ring zones on a plane being parallel to a direction perpendicular to the concentric circles and including the center have concave or convex shapes. Each of the concave or convex shapes of the cross sections of the ring zones is asymmetric to a centerline of a width of each of the ring zones in a radial direction of the concentric circles. 1. An optical component that comprises a plurality of ring zones demarcated by a plurality of concentric circles , and is configured to be rotationally symmetric to a center of the concentric circles , wherein:cross sections of the ring zones on a plane being parallel to a direction perpendicular to the concentric circles and including the center have concave or convex shapes; andeach of the concave or convex shapes of the cross sections of the ring zones is asymmetric to a centerline of a width of each of the ring zones in a radial direction of the concentric circles.2. The optical component according to claim 1 , wherein a circle including points claim 1 , at which a concave in each of the concave shapes of the ring zones is a minimum or a convex in each of the convex of shapes of the ring zones is a maximum claim 1 , is not positioned on a circle specified by middle points of each of the ring zones.3. The optical component according to claim 2 , wherein the circle including points at which the concave is a minimum or the convex is a maximum is positioned outside the circle specified by middle points of each of the ring zones.4. The optical component according to claim 2 , wherein each of the ring zones is divided into an inner part ring zone and an outer ...

IMAGING APPARATUS, IMAGE PROCESSING APPARATUS, IMAGING SYSTEM, IMAGING METHOD, IMAGE PROCESSING METHOD, AND RECORDING MEDIUM

An imaging apparatus includes an imaging device, a first imaging optical system and a second imaging optical system that form respective input images from mutually different viewpoints onto the imaging device, and a first modulation mask and a second modulation mask that modulate the input images formed by the first imaging optical system and the second imaging optical system. The imaging device captures a superposed image composed of the two input images that have been formed by the first imaging optical system and the second imaging optical system, modulated by the first modulation mask and the second modulation mask, and optically superposed on each other, and the first modulation mask and the second modulation mask have mutually different optical transmittance distribution characteristics. 119-. (canceled)20. An apparatus , comprising:an acquirer that acquires a superposed image composed of two or more resulting images viewed from mutually different viewpoints, two or more input images being modulated to generate the two or more resulting images, the two or more resulting images being optically superposed to generate the superposed image; andan output that outputs information indicating a distance to an object, reconstructed images including images of the object,wherein the reconstructed images corresponding to the two or more input images are generated on the basis of the superposed image and modulation information that indicates modulation modes corresponding to the two or more resulting images,wherein the modulation modes are different,wherein a parallax between the reconstructed images is calculated on the basis of the superposed image and the modulation information, andwherein the distance is calculated on the basis of the parallax without using the reconstructed images.21. A method , comprising:acquiring a superposed image composed of two or more resulting images viewed from mutually different viewpoints, two or more input images being modulated to ...

OPTICAL LOW-PASS FILTER AND IMAGING APPARATUS

An optical low-pass filter includes a stack of N (N≥3) optical anisotropic layers each configured to separate an incident ray into a plurality of rays, wherein the following condition is satisfied: Ds≤0.50 Da, where Da [μm] is a total value of ray separation widths of the first to (N−1)th optical anisotropic layers among the N optical anisotropic layers, and Ds [μm] is a distance between a ray having a maximum phase difference and a ray having a minimum phase difference among the rays separated by the first to (N−1)th optical anisotropic layers. 4. The optical low-pass filter according to claim 1 , wherein an angle formed between ray separation directions of two adjacent optical anisotropic layers among the N optical anisotropic layers is 120° or more and no more than 150°.5. The optical low-pass filter according to claim 1 , wherein all the N optical anisotropic layers have the same ray separation width.7. The optical low-pass filter according to claim 1 ,wherein the N optical anisotropic layers include alternately-stacked first and second optical anisotropic layers,wherein the first optical anisotropic layer separates the incident ray in a first direction or a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, andwherein the second optical anisotropic layer separates the incident ray in a direction of 45° or 135° with respect to the first or second direction.8. The optical low-pass filter according to claim 7 , wherein the ray separation width of the first optical anisotropic layer is smaller than that of the second optical anisotropic layer.10. The optical low-pass filter according to claim 1 , comprising a stack of four optical anisotropic layers.11. The optical low-pass filter according to claim 1 , wherein the following condition is satisfied:{'br': None, 'i': 'Ds≤', '4.2.'}12. The optical low-pass filter according to any one of claim 1 , wherein the following condition is satisfied:{'br': None, 'i': Ds≤', 'Da., '0.4'}15. An imaging apparatus comprising:{' ...

Optical inspection apparatus, a method of inspecting a substrate, and a method of treating a substrate

An optical inspection apparatus includes an inspection target unit on which an inspection target is loaded, an illumination optical unit configured to irradiate incident light to the inspection target, an objective lens unit disposed between the illumination optical unit and the inspection target unit, a detection optical unit configured to receive reflective light reflected from the inspection target to thereby detect a presence or absence of a defect on the inspection target, and a control unit configured to control the illumination optical unit and the detection optical unit. The illumination optical unit includes a light source part configured to irradiate the incident light, and a spatial filter array configured to modify a transmission region of the incident light irradiated from the light source part. The spatial filter array includes a spatial filter part, and a filter movement part configured to move the spatial filter part.

OPTICAL FLOW SENSING AND PATTERN RECOGNITION WITH ANTI-SYMMETRIC PHASE GRATINGS

Computational diffractive imagers employ special optical phase gratings integrated with photodetector matrices. Such imagers do not require a lens, and so can be extremely small and inexpensive. Captured interference patterns are unintelligible to a human observer, but the captured data includes sufficient information to allow the image or aspects of the image to be computed. Computational diffractive imagers can be tailored to extract application-specific information or compute decisions (rather than compute an image) based on the optical signal. Both the phase grating and the signal processing can be optimized for the information in the visual field and the task at hand. For example, sequences of interference patterns can be compared to measure changes in angular position, and this information can be used to sense and measure motion. Such interference patterns can also be used for pattern recognition, such as to perform automated face detection and recognition. 19-. (canceled)10. An optical method of measuring motion , the method comprising:receiving light in a wavelength band of interest from a scene at a phase grating that defines a transverse plane, the phase grating producing a diffraction pattern;capturing a first image of the diffraction pattern and a second image of the diffraction pattern;comparing the first image of the diffraction pattern with the second image of the diffraction pattern to produce an image comparison; andcalculating apparent motion from the image comparison.11. The method of claim 10 , wherein comparing the first image with the second image comprises performing a mathematical transformation of at least one of the first image and the second image.12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the mathematical transformation comprises a Fourier transform.13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the transformation is a 2-D transformation.14. The method of claim 10 , wherein comparing the first image with the second image comprising performing a ...

OPTICAL ENCODER CONFIGURED TO MITIGATE UNDESIRED INTERFERING LIGHT COMPONENTS

A device for measuring the relative displacement between two members comprises a scale grating, an illumination source, a detector portion, and an imaging portion. The illumination source outputs diffracted light components (DLC) to the scale grating. The DLC comprises desired interfering light components comprising +1 and −1 order DLC and undesired interfering light components comprising diffraction orders that are not the +1 and −1 order DLC. The detector portion comprises at least a first array of periodically arranged optical detector sensing areas. The illumination source light diffraction grating is positioned proximate to the scale grating and oriented relative to the scale grating such that respective sets of interference fringes formed by different respective sets of interfering light components are differently rotated about the optical axis. The detector portion is oriented such that the optical detector sensing areas are aligned with interference fringes formed by the desired interfering light components. 1. A device for measuring relative displacement between two members , the device comprising:{'sub': 'SG', 'a scale grating extending along a measuring axis direction, the scale grating defining a scale grating plane and having a scale grating pitch P;'}{'sub': 'IG', 'an illumination source comprising a light source that outputs collimated light having a wavelength λ, and an illumination source light diffraction grating having an illumination grating pitch Pthat inputs the collimated light and outputs diffracted light components (DLC) to the scale grating, the DLC comprisinga) desired interfering light components comprising +1 and −1 order DLC; andb) undesired interfering light components comprising diffraction orders that are not the +1 and −1 order DLC;a detector portion comprising at least a first array of periodically arranged optical detector sensing areas that have a long axis and a narrow axis, and define a detector plane; a first lens positioned ...

COMBINATION OF IMAGE DISPLAY DEVICE AND DIFFRACTIVE OPTICAL FILTER AND MANUFACTURING METHOD OF THE SAME

A combination of a color image display device and a diffractive optical filter, the color image display device including dots arrayed two-dimensionally on a first surface, the diffractive optical filter including a diffraction grating provided on a second surface that is parallel to the first surface, and a cross section in each direction of the diffraction grating being of substantially sinusoidal shape, wherein the combination is configured such that it can restrain the screen-door effect and isolation of dots to a sufficient extent and/or such that it can restrain moiré that appears according to the pitches between pixels and the period of the diffraction grating of the diffractive optical filter. 2. A combination of a color image display device and a diffractive optical filter according to claim 1 , wherein the wavelength λ at which intensity of red light used for the image display device reaches the peak is in the following range.{'br': None, '0.600 [μm]≦λ≦0.660 [μm]'}3. A combination of a color image display device and a diffractive optical filter according to claim 1 , wherein the diffractive optical filter is made of synthetic resin and is molded through injection molding. The present invention relates to a combination of an image display device and a diffractive optical filter and a manufacturing method for the combination of a diffractive optical filter and an image display device.In an image display device in which many pixels are placed regularly in a two-dimensional array, there generally exist portions that do not emit light between pixels. When an image of such an image display device is magnified through a magnifying lens or projected by a projector for observation, an image of the portions that do not emit light between pixels are also magnified and become prominent, and therefore a so-called screen-door effect appears, in which an appearance of the image deteriorates. Further, in a color image display device, each pixel contains dots of plural ...

DIFFRACTION GRATING FOR USE WITH A MULTI-LAYERED DISPLAY SYSTEM

A display device is described and includes a first display screen including a mask pattern of a pixel. The display device includes a second display screen including the mask pattern, wherein the second display screen is located further from a front of the display device than the first display screen, wherein the front of the display device is closest to a viewer. The display device includes a diffraction element configured to copy the mask pattern of the second display screen into one or more viewable copies in order to minimize moiré interference with the mask pattern of the first display screen. 120-. (canceled)21. A display device comprising:a first display screen for displaying a first image, the first display screen comprising a pixel;a second display screen for displaying a second image, the second display screen comprising a mask pattern and located further from a front of said display device than is said first display screen, wherein said front of said display device is configured to be closest to a viewer;the first and second display screens being substantially parallel to each other and overlapping each other, wherein the first and second display screens are in different planes;a diffraction element configured to convolve at least part of said mask pattern of said second display screen into a plurality of copies so as to reduce moiré interference with said first display screen; andwherein said part of said mask pattern of said second display screen is repeatable in a first direction, wherein said diffraction element is configured to copy at least said part of said mask pattern in said first direction and convolve at least said part of said mask pattern into the plurality of copies so as to reduce moiré interference with said first display screen by spreading the copies across a given pixel of the first display screen in order to cause said part of said mask pattern to substantially disappear from a point of view of a viewer.22. The display device of claim ...

INCREASING THE SPATIAL AND SPECTRAL BRIGHTNESS OF LASER DIODE ARRAYS

Techniques for increasing the spatial and spectral brightness of laser arrays such as laser diode arrays are provided. Passive cavity designs are described that produce wavefront phase locking across the face of large arrays. These designs enable both spatial and spectral selectivity in order to coherently link the individual emitters that make up the diode array. Arrays of customized micro-optics correct aberrations of the individual apertures of the arrays while highly spectrally selective partial reflectors overcome the deleterious effects of inhomogeneities in local thermal environments of the individual emitters that are being phase locked together. Using these two technologies, along with intracavity diffractive beam coupling, solves two long standing problems that have prevented effective and robust phase locking of laser diode arrays. 1. An apparatus , comprising:an array of laser emitters for emitting a plurality of laser beams;at least one fast-axis collimating lens positioned to collimate the fast axis of said plurality of laser beams to produce first collimated beams;means for collimating the slow axis of said first collimated beams to produce second collimated beams;means for correcting smile error in said second collimated beams to produce corrected beams;a partial reflector operatively located to reflect each corrected beam of said corrected beams back into the respective laser emitter of said laser emitters from which said each corrected beam was emitted; anda diffractive coupler located between said means for correcting smile errors and said partial reflector.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said array comprises a laser diode array having output facets from which said plurality of laser beams are emitted claim 1 , wherein said output facets comprise a low reflectivity coatings.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein said array comprises a 2-D laser diode array.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said array is selected from the group consisting ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PERFORMING SUB-PIXEL COMPRESSION IN ORDER TO REDUCE MOIRE INTERFERENCE IN A DISPLAY SYSTEM INCLUDING MULTIPLE DISPLAYS

A multi-display system (e.g., a display including multiple display panels) includes at least first and second displays (e.g., display panels or display layers) arranged substantially parallel to each other in order to display three-dimensional (3D) features to a viewer(s). At least sub-pixel compression is utilized in order to reduce moiré interference. 1. A display device comprising:a first display in a first plane for displaying a first image;a second display in a second plane for displaying a second image, wherein said first and second planes are approximately parallel to each other;a subpixel compressing structure provided between the first and second displays for reducing moire interference, the subpixel compressing structure comprising a first optical element for compressing red light from a red subpixel, green light from a green subpixel, and blue light from a blue subpixel into a white area, and a second optical element for spreading the white area.2. The display device of claim 1 , wherein the first optical element shifts a position of the red light to a position over the green subpixel and shifts a position of the blue light to a position over the green subpixel claim 1 , while substantially maintaining position of the green light from the green subpixel claim 1 , to form the white area.3. The display device of claim 1 , wherein the white area is a white stripe.4. The display device of claim 1 , wherein the first optical element comprises a prism.5. The display device of claim 1 , wherein the first optical element comprises a diffractive grating.6. The display device of claim 1 , wherein the first optical element comprises a refractive beam mapper.7. The display device of claim 1 , wherein the second optical element comprises a refractive beam mapper.8. The display device of claim 1 , wherein the second optical element comprises a plurality of microlenses.9. The display device of claim 1 , wherein the first and second displays have different color filter ...

IMAGING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR IMAGING OBJECTS WITH REDUCED IMAGE BLUR

An imaging device is presented for use in an imaging system capable of improving the image quality. The imaging device has one or more optical systems defining an effective aperture of the imaging device. The imaging device comprises a lens system having an algebraic representation matrix of a diagonalized form defining a first Condition Number, and a phase encoder utility adapted to effect a second Condition Number of an algebraic representation matrix of the imaging device, smaller than said first Condition Number of the lens system. 1. An imaging system comprising:a first lens system having a first numerical aperture, and a second lens system having a second numerical aperture being smaller than the first numerical aperture, both said lens systems being directed for imaging of a common object plane;a first light detector for detecting light collected by the first lens system and generating a first image data indicative of the common object plane;a second light detector for detecting light collected by the second lens system and generating a second image data indicative of the common object plane;a control unit operatively coupled to the first and second light detectors, the control unit being configured to receive the first generated image data and the second generated image data that are indicative of the common object plane, process the first and second image data to produce a combined image data of the common object plane, generate a reconstructed image data based on the combined image data, and output the reconstructed image data that is different from the first image data and the second image data.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the reconstructed image data provides an improvement in signal-to-noise ratio.3. The imaging system of claim 1 , wherein the reconstructed image data provides an improvement in resolution.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the reconstructed image data provides an improvement in distortion.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the ...

COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY SYSTEM

An imager unit and computerized tomography system are disclosed. The imager unit comprises a radiation source unit comprising at least one radiation source emitting selected radiation and configured to provide diffused radiation with general direction of propagation, and an image collection unit comprising aperture unit and detector array located downstream of the aperture unit with respect to said general direction of propagation. The aperture unit comprises a set of two or more aperture arrays each aperture array having a predetermined arrangement of apertures. The aperture unit is configured for utilizing said set of aperture arrays for collecting the radiation during corresponding collection time periods. 1. An imager unit comprising: radiation source unit comprising at least one radiation source emitting selected radiation and configured to provide diffused radiation with general direction of propagation , image collection unit comprising aperture unit and detector array located downstream of the aperture unit with respect to said general direction of propagation; the aperture unit comprises a set of two or more aperture arrays each aperture array having a predetermined arrangement of apertures , said aperture unit being configured for utilizing said set of aperture arrays for collecting the radiation during corresponding collection time periods.2. The imager unit of claim 1 , further comprising selected object mount located between said radiation source and said image collection unit and configured for identifying suitable location for an object to be monitored.3. The imager unit of claim 1 , configured to be mounted on a rotatable arm for imaging an object from a selected set of angular directions.4. The imager unit of claim 1 , wherein the radiation source is an ultra-sound source providing diffused ultra-sonic radiation.5. The imager unit of claim 1 , wherein the radiation source emits X-ray claim 1 , Gamma or ultra-violet radiation.6. The imager unit of ...

An imaging system and a light encoding device therefor

A spectral imaging system comprises: a spatial encoder comprising a first light encoding device comprising a first mask for spatial encoding, the first mask being configured with one or more encoding patterns; a spectral encoder comprising: a dispersion arrangement for splitting spatially encoded light from the first light encoding device into a plurality of components; and a second light encoding device comprising a second mask for spectral encoding of the plurality of components, the second mask having one or more encoding patterns; and at least one single-pixel photodetector positioned to measure light that is encoded by the masks. The spatial encoder is operable to spatially encode light by generating a sequence of different patterns or partial patterns of the one or more encoding patterns of the first mask. The spectral encoder is operable to spectrally encode light by relative movement between the dispersion arrangement and the second mask.

CLASSIFYING MICROBEADS IN NEAR-FIELD IMAGING

Among other things, an imaging sensor includes a two-dimensional array of photosensitive elements and a surface to receive a sample within a near-field distance of the photosensitive elements. Electronics classify microbeads in the sample as belonging to different classes based on the effects of different absorption spectra of the different classes of microbeads on light received at the surface. In some examples, the number of different distinguishable classes of microbeads can be very large based on combinations of the effects on light received at the surface of the different absorption spectra together, spatial arrangements of colorants in the microbeads that impart the different absorption spectra, different sizes of microbeads, and different shapes of microbeads, among other things. 1. An apparatus comprisingan imaging sensor comprising a two-dimensional array of photosensitive elements and a surface to receive a sample within a near-field distance of the photosensitive elements, andelectronics to classify microbeads in the sample as belonging to different classes based on the effects of one or more characteristics of the different classes of microbeads on light received at the surface.2. The apparatus of in which the one or more characteristics comprise absorption spectra.3. The apparatus of in which the one or more characteristics comprise ratios of intensities of different colors of microbeads of different classes.4. The apparatus of in which the one or more characteristics comprise different sizes of microbeads of different classes.5. The apparatus of in which the one or more characteristics comprise different shapes of microbeads of different classes.6. The apparatus of in which number of different classes of microbeads has a combinatorial relationship to the number of different characteristics.7. The apparatus of in which the microbeads of the different classes have different absorption spectra imparted by different colorings.8. The apparatus of in which ...

METHOD FOR ENHANCING THE IMAGE OF AUTOSTEREOSCOPIC 3D DISPLAYS BASED ON ANGULAR FILTERING

Embodiments include 3D display devices and methods of operation. In an example device, a light-emitting layer is provided with an addressable array of light-emitting elements. An optical layer overlays the light-emitting layer. The optical layer includes an array of lenses operative to substantially collimate light from the light-emitting layer. To suppress stay light, an angular filter layer is provided along an optical path from the light-emitting layer to an exterior of the display. The angular filter is operative to substantially block light having an incident angle greater than a threshold angle and to substantially transmit light having an incident angle less than a threshold angle. The angular filter may be a thin-film interference bandpass filter. Different regions of the angular filter may be tuned for different wavelengths of light. 1. A display device comprising:a light-emitting layer comprising an addressable array of light-emitting elements;an optical layer overlaying the light-emitting layer, the optical layer comprising an array of lenses operative to substantially collimate light from the light-emitting layer; anda transparent angular filter layer along an optical path from the light-emitting layer to an exterior of the display device, the angular filter being operative to substantially block light having an incident angle greater than a threshold angle and to substantially transmit light having an incident angle less than a threshold angle.2. The display of claim 1 , wherein the optical layer is a substantially two-dimensional array of converging lenses.3. The display of claim 1 , wherein the optical layer is a lenticular array.4. The display of claim 1 , wherein the angular filter layer comprises a coating on at least one surface of the optical layer.5. The display of claim 1 , wherein the angular filter layer comprises an interference filter having a plurality of dielectric layers.6. The display of claim 1 , wherein the angular filter layer ...

DEVICES, APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING PHOTOSTIMULATION AND IMAGING OF STRUCTURES

According to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, it is possible to provide method, system, arrangement, computer-accessible medium and device to stimulate individual neurons in brain slices in any arbitrary spatio-temporal pattern, using two-photon uncaging of photo-sensitive compounds such as MNI-glutamate and/or RuBi-Glutamate with beam multiplexing. Such exemplary method and device can have single-cell and three-dimensional precision. For example, by sequentially stimulating up to a thousand potential presynaptic neurons, it is possible to generate detailed functional maps of inputs to a cell. In addition, it is possible to combine this exemplary approach with two-photon calcium imaging in an all-optical method to image and manipulate circuit activity. Further exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure can include a light-weight, compact portable device providing for uses in a wide variety of applications. 151-. (canceled)52. A device for affecting at least one radiation and imaging neuronal circuits , comprising: affect a user-specified three-dimensional spatial profile of the at least one radiation;', 'split the at least one radiation into multiple beamlets;', 'combine the beamlets using at least one galvanometer mirror; and', 'trigger at least one of a photo activation, a photo-inactivation or a photo-chemical effect of at least one portion of at least one sample by exciting the at least one portion in a non-linear manner using the beamlets., 'at least one spatial light modulator (SLM) arrangement which is structured or configured to53. The device according to any of claim 52 , wherein the at least one sample is at least one of a biological sample claim 52 , a chemical composition claim 52 , a semiconductor arrangement or a drug-delivery arrangement.54. The device according to claim 52 , wherein the at least one SLM arrangement includes at least one diffractive optical arrangement.55. The device according to claim 52 , wherein the at least ...

Optical Component and Imaging System Using the Same

Provided is an optical component including multiple annular zones that each provides a predetermined phase to a light flux passing through an optical system, where for each of the annular zones, the surface closer to the inner circumference of the optical component is substantially equal in area to the surface closer to the outer circumference thereof, and in a cross section in the radial direction of the optical component, the tangent at an outer circumferential end of each annular zone is substantially equal in inclination to the tangent at an inner circumferential end thereof. 1. An optical component comprising multiple annular zones each configured to provide a predetermined phase to a light flux passing through an optical system ,for each of the annular zones, a surface closer to an inner circumference of the optical component is substantially equal in area to a surface closer to an outer circumference thereof, andin a cross section in a radial direction of the optical component, a tangent at an outer circumferential end of each annular zone is substantially equal in inclination to a tangent at an inner circumferential end thereof.2. The optical component according to claim 1 , wherein the annular zones each have a protruded cross-sectional shape.3. The optical component according to claim 1 , wherein the annular zones each have a depressed cross-sectional shape.4. The optical component according to claim 1 , wherein the outer circumferential end of the annular zone located closer to the inner circumference of the optical component is connected to the inner circumferential end of the annular zone located closer to an outer circumference of the outer circumferential end.5. The optical component according to claim 1 , wherein the inclination at the inner circumferential end of any of the annular zones is larger than the inclination at the inner circumferential end of the other annular zone located closer to the inner circumference than the annular zone.6. The ...

OPTICAL FLOW SENSING AND PATTERN RECOGNITION WITH ANTI-SYMMETRIC PHASE GRATINGS

An optical method of measuring motion employs a phase grating that produces a diffraction pattern responsive to light from an imaged scene. First and second images of the diffraction pattern are captured and compared to produce an image comparison. Apparent motion is then calculated from the image comparison. 1. (canceled)2. A method of measuring motion , the method comprising:receiving light in a wavelength band of interest, from an object, at a phase grating that defines a transverse plane, the phase grating producing a diffraction pattern responsive to the light from the object;capturing a first image of the diffraction pattern at a first time;capturing a second image of the diffraction pattern at a second time a delay after the first time;comparing the first image of the diffraction pattern with the second image of the diffraction pattern to produce an image comparison; andcalculating the motion from the delay and the image comparison.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein comparing the first image of the diffraction pattern with the second image of the diffraction pattern comprises taking a first Fourier transform of the first image of the diffraction pattern and taking a second Fourier transform of the second image of the diffraction pattern.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein comparing the first image of the diffraction pattern with the second image of the diffraction pattern comprises calculating a cross-correlation on the first Fourier transform of the first image of the diffraction pattern and the second Fourier transform of the second image of the diffraction pattern.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein comparing the first image with the second image comprises performing a mathematical transformation on the first image and the second image to obtain a first frame and a second frame claim 2 , respectively claim 2 , and wherein comparing the first image with the second image comprises cross-correlating the first frame and the second frame.6. The method of claim 2 ...

DISPLAY SYSTEM

According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a display system, comprising: an angular intensity distribution element, arranged to receive light from one or more sources of light and to effect an angular intensity distribution of the light, the angular intensity distribution element introducing an undesirable feature into a distribution of the light; one or more optical elements located downstream of the angular intensity distribution element, and arranged to effect an angular and/or spatial intensity distribution of the light prior to display of the light to a user of the system; and a spatial filter, located downstream of the angular intensity distribution element, and arranged to receive the light and to at least partially correct for the undesirable feature (e.g. at least partially reduce and/or eliminate the feature or a related effect). 1. A display system , comprising:an angular intensity distribution element, arranged to receive light from one or more sources of light and to effect an angular intensity distribution of the light, the angular intensity distribution element introducing an undesirable feature into a distribution of the light;one or more optical elements located downstream of the angular intensity distribution element, and arranged to effect an angular and/or spatial intensity distribution of the light prior to display of the light to a user of the system;anda spatial filter, located downstream of the angular intensity distribution element, and arranged to receive the light and to at least partially correct for the undesirable feature.2. The displays system of claim 1 , wherein the angular intensity distribution element is arranged to increase a numerical aperture of the angular intensity distribution of the received light.3. The display system of claim 1 , wherein the angular intensity distribution element is arranged to at least partially diffract received light.4. The display system of claim 3 , wherein the undesirable ...

OPTICAL SYSTEM WITH SLAVED PUPIL ENCODING

In the field of optical systems comprising at least one optical objective, a photosensitive detector and an image processing unit, the optical objective comprising a pupil encoding filter, the image processing unit performing digital filtering of the images output by the photosensitive detector, a system has a processing unit comprising means arranged in such a way as to process at least one preset, the characteristics of the digital filtering applied to the image depending on this preset. The preset may come from external sensors of temperature and/or pressure or be one of the parameters of the optical objective such as the focal length value, the aperture of the iris, or the desired focal distance. The preset can also be different for different zones of the image, to better take into account the variations of the aberrations in the field of the focusing objective. 1. An optical system comprising at least one optical objective , a photosensitive detector and an image processing unit , the optical objective comprising a pupil encoding filter , the image processing unit having the function of performing digital filtering of the images output by the photosensitive detector , the processing unit comprising means arranged in such a way as to process at least one preset , said means comprising:a first sub-assembly comprising a table of the laws relating the input presets to the processes to be applied to the image by the image processing unit;a second sub-assembly controlling at least the various devices for tuning the optical objective;a third sub-assembly performing the digital filtering of images output by the photosensitive detector, the characteristics of the digital filtering applied to the image depending on this said preset.2. The optical system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the pupil encoding filter is dynamic claim 1 , wherein its phase or amplitude profile is adjustable by means of electrical controls claim 1 , said phase or amplitude profile being ...

Optical method and system for measuring isolated features of a structure

An optical method and system are presented for use in measurement of isolated features of a structure. According to this technique, Back Focal Plane Microscopy (BFM) measurements are applied to a structure and measured data indicative thereof is obtained, wherein the BFM measurements utilize dark-field detection mode while applying pinhole masking to incident light propagating through an illumination channel towards the structure, the measured data being thereby indicative of a scattering matrix characterizing scattering properties of the structure, enabling identification of one or more isolated features of the structure.

GENERATION OF CODED STRUCTURED LIGHT PATTERNS USING VCSEL ARRAYS

A coded pattern projector apparatus comprises a surface-emitting array of emitters comprising a plurality of emitters where each of the plurality of emitters generates one of a plurality of optical beams in response to an electrical drive signal applied to a respective electrical input of each of the plurality of emitters. A first optical element projects each the plurality of optical beams generated by the surface-emitting array of emitters. A second optical element collimates the plurality of optical beams in a first dimension and diverges the plurality of optical beams in a second dimension such that the plurality of optical beams form at least one stripe patterns. A controller has electrical outputs, each of the electrical outputs is connected to a respective electrical input of each of the plurality of emitters. The controller generates electrical drive signals that produce a coded stripe pattern. 152.-. (canceled)53. A coded pattern projector apparatus comprising:a surface-emitting array of emitters comprising a plurality of emitters, each of the plurality of emitters operable to generate one of a plurality of optical beams in response to an electrical drive signal applied to a respective electrical input of each of the plurality of emitters;a first optical element positioned in an optical path of the plurality of optical beams generated by the surface-emitting array of emitters, the first optical element operable to project each of the plurality of optical beams generated by the surface-emitting array of emitters;a second optical element that is positioned in the optical path of the plurality of optical beams, the second optical element operable to collimate the plurality of optical beams in a first dimension and operable to diverge the plurality of optical beams in a second dimension such that the plurality of optical beams form a pattern; anda controller having a plurality of electrical outputs, each of the plurality of electrical outputs being connected to ...

Multi-spot scanning collection optics

Disclosed are apparatus and methods for inspecting or measuring a specimen. A system comprises an illumination channel for generating and deflecting a plurality of incident beams to form a plurality of spots that scan across a segmented line comprised of a plurality of scan portions of the specimen. The system also includes one or more detection channels for sensing light emanating from a specimen in response to the incident beams directed towards such specimen and collecting a detected image for each scan portion as each incident beam's spot is scanned over its scan portion. The one or more detection channels include at least one longitudinal side channel for longitudinally collecting a detected image for each scan portion as each incident beam's spot is scanned over its scan portion.

OPTICAL ARRANGEMENT FOR GENERATING LIGHT FIELD DISTRIBUTIONS AND METHOD FOR OPERATING AN OPTICAL ARRANGEMENT

A phase and phase/amplitude spatial light modulator arrangement for generating a complex-valued light field with a spatial light modulator, a phase element and an optical system. The phase and amplitude spatial light modulator arrangement is configured to generate a light field that is adjustable in amount and phase. 1. Optical arrangement for generating light field distributions that can be adjusted with varying amplitude and phase , comprising:a programmable spatial light modulator;a phase element andan optical system;wherein the phase element is configured to effect at least two or more phase contributions on adjacent modulator image points;wherein the optical system is configured to image several areas of the spatial light modulator in a superimposed manner;wherein the spatial light modulator and the phase element are arranged within a depth of field of a plane or conjugated optical mask planes, andwherein the spatial light modulator is configured as phase modulator or as combined amplitude and phase modulator andwherein the optical arrangement is configured to realize a predeterminable complex light field distribution in a subsequent image plane;wherein the optical arrangement comprises an optical low pass filter for limiting a diffraction intensity in a pupil plane, which is dimensioned such that two or more adjacent image points (pixels) of the spatial light modulator are superimposed to an effective image point in the image plane.2. Optical arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein the optical arrangement is configured to use a predetermined order of diffraction for optical filtering.3. Optical arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein the optical system is configured to image several areas or several adjacent areas of the spatial light modulator as a complex modulation cell.4. Optical arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein the optical system comprises an optical low-pass filter; andwherein the optical low-pass filter is configured to superimpose ...

Light detection apparatus and application thereof

The present disclosure provides a light detection apparatus and application thereof. The apparatus includes: a nonopaque cover plate, a display, and a photosensor, and further including a processor configured to transmit a display driving signal to the display when the apparatus detects a touch signal on the apparatus; wherein the display includes a plurality of display pixels configured to emit an optical signal when receiving the display driving signal transmitted by the processor, and the optical signal is reflected on an upper surface of the nonopaque cover plate to form a reflected optical signal; and wherein the reflected optical signal is received by the photosensor. By some embodiments of the present disclosure, obtained physiological feature information can be more accurate and identification precision can be effectively improved.

PHASE FILTER, IMAGING OPTICAL SYSTEM, AND IMAGING SYSTEM

A phase filter 101 is configured to comprise an annular structure rotationally symmetrical about an optical axis, each annular zone including a cross-sectional shape of substantially parabola for uniformly extending incident rays of light on a focal plane and letting the rays overlap with each other. 113-. (canceled)14. A phase filter for an imaging optical system for extending a focal depth , the phase filter being used with a convex lens having a focus position as an image forming lens , the phase filter comprising:an annular structure including a plurality of annular zones disposed concentrically around a center of an optical axis of the phase filter, each said annular zone including a concave surface acting as a concave lens in a radial direction of a pupil plane,wherein a light flux parallel to the optical axis entering each said annular zone passes a focus position of the image forming lens,wherein each concave surface of the phase filter diverges incident light flux locally, andwherein the concave surfaces are arranged to cause the respective light fluxes to overlap in different angles.15. The phase filter according to claim 14 , wherein each concave surface causes light flux to define an optical tangential plane orthogonal to the optical axis.16. The phase filter according to claim 14 , wherein a curvature of each concave surface is defined so that the diverging light is converted into substantially parallel light flux locally by the image forming lens that is used with the phase filter.17. An imaging optical system for extending a focal depth claim 14 , the imaging optical system comprising:a convex lens having a focus position as an image forming lens; anda phase filter including an annular structure including a plurality of annular zones disposed concentrically around a center of an optical axis of the phase filter, each said annular zone including a concave surface acting as a concave lens in a radial direction of a pupil plane,wherein a light flux ...

IMAGING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR IMAGING OBJECTS WITH REDUCED IMAGE BLUR

An imaging device is presented for use in an imaging system capable of improving the image quality. The imaging device has one or more optical systems defining an effective aperture of the imaging device. The imaging device comprises a lens system having an algebraic representation matrix of a diagonalized form defining a first Condition Number, and a phase encoder utility adapted to effect a second Condition Number of an algebraic representation matrix of the imaging device, smaller than said first Condition Number of the lens system. 1. A system comprising , an imaging system and a processor utility , said imaging system comprising:first and second lens systems having corresponding first and second numerical apertures and directed for imaging of a common object plane, the second numerical aperture is smaller than the first numerical aperture,an image detection unit for detecting light collected by the first and second lens systems and generating first and second image data pieces indicative of the object plane from common direction;the processor utility is configured and operable for receiving said first image data piece and said second image data piece being collected with respect to said common object plane, processing said first and second image data pieces to provide a reconstructed image of the field of view.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein said processing comprises generating shifted data indicative of shifted duplications of said second image data piece with respect to said first image data piece claim 1 , determining combined image data corresponding to said first image data piece and said shifted data claim 1 , and generating reconstructed image data based on said combined image data.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first and second lens systems have parallel optical axes being spaced apart from each other.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein said image detection unit comprises a common light detector array configured for collecting image data ...

Light Field Imaging Device and Method for Depth Acquisition and Three-Dimensional Imaging

A light field imaging device and method are provided. The device can include a diffraction grating assembly receiving a wavefront from a scene and including one or more diffraction gratings, each having a grating period along a grating axis and diffracting the wavefront to generate a diffracted wavefront. The device can also include a pixel array disposed under the diffraction grating assembly and detecting the diffracted wavefront in a near-field diffraction regime to provide light field image data about the scene. The pixel array has a pixel pitch along the grating axis that is smaller than the grating period. The device can further include a color filter array disposed over the pixel array to spatio-chromatically sample the diffracted wavefront prior to detection by the pixel array. The device and method can be implemented in backside-illuminated sensor architectures. Diffraction grating assemblies for use in the device and method are also disclosed. 1. A light field imaging device for capturing light field image data about a scene , the light field imaging device comprising:a diffraction grating assembly configured to receive an optical wavefront originating from the scene, the diffraction grating assembly comprising a diffraction grating having a grating axis and a refractive index modulation pattern having a grating period along the grating axis, the diffraction grating diffracting the optical wavefront to generate a diffracted wavefront; anda pixel array comprising a plurality of light-sensitive pixels disposed under the diffraction grating assembly and detecting the diffracted wavefront as the light field image data, the pixel array having a pixel pitch along the grating axis that is smaller than the grating period.2. The light field imaging device of claim 1 , further comprising a color filter array disposed over the pixel array and comprising a plurality of color filters arranged in a mosaic color pattern claim 1 , the color filter array spatially and ...

PHASE GRATINGS WITH ODD SYMMETRY FOR HIGH-RESOLUTION LENSLESS OPTICAL SENSING

Image-sensing devices include odd-symmetry gratings that cast interference patterns over a photodetector array. Grating features offer considerable insensitivity to the wavelength of incident light, and to the manufactured distance between the grating and the photodetector array. Photographs and other image information can be extracted from interference patterns captured by the photodetector array. Images can be captured without a lens, and cameras can be made smaller than those that are reliant on lenses and ray-optical focusing. 1. (canceled)2. A sensing device comprising:a photodetector array; anda phase grating overlying the photodetector array and defining a transverse plane, the phase grating producing, for light in a wavelength band of interest incident the phase grating and normal to the transverse plane of the phase grating, normally arranged curtains of minimum intensity between the phase grating and the photodetector array, each of the curtains of minimum intensity created by destructive phase interference between first phase-grating features located to one side of the curtain and paired second phase-grating features located to the other side of the curtain.3. The sensing device of claim 2 , wherein each of the first phase-grating features induces a respective first phase-delay to the incident light claim 2 , each of the paired second phase-grating features induces a respective paired second phase-delay to the incident light claim 2 , the first and second paired phase-delays differing by approximately half a wavelength claim 2 , plus an integer number of wavelengths claim 2 , over the wavelength band of interest.4. The sensing device of claim 3 , wherein the phase grating features are locally odd symmetric about each of the normally arranged curtains of minimum intensity.5. The sensing device of claim 2 , wherein for light in the wavelength band of interest incident the phase grating at a first angle relative to the transverse plane of the phase grating ...

HYPERSPECTRAL DETECTION DEVICE

The invention relates to a device for detecting features in a three-dimensional hyperspectral scene (), comprising a system for direct detection () of features in the hyperspectral scene () which incorporates a deep and convolutional neural network () designed to detect the one or more searched features in the hyperspectral scene () from a compressed image of said hyperspectral scene. 5. Device according to claim 1 , wherein the neural network is designed to calculate a probability of presence of the feature sought in said hyperspectral scene from the at least one compressed image.6. Device according to claim 1 , wherein the neural network is designed to calculate a chemical concentration in said hyperspectral scene from the at least one compressed image.7. Device according to claim 1 , wherein an output of the neural network is scalar or boolean.8. Device according to claim 1 , wherein an output layer of the neural network comprises a layer CONV(u) claim 1 , where u is greater than or equal to 1 and corresponds to the number of desired features.9. A device for capturing an image of a hyperspectral scene and for detecting features in this three-dimensional hyperspectral scene comprising a device according to and further comprising an acquisition system of the at least one compressed image of the hyperspectral scene in three dimensions.10. Device according to wherein the acquisition system comprises a compact mechanical design integrable in a portable and autonomous device claim 9 , and wherein the detection system is included in said portable and autonomous device.11. Device according to claim 9 , wherein at least one of said compressed images is obtained by an infrared sensor of the acquisition system.12. Device according to wherein the acquisition system comprises a compact mechanical design integrable in front of the lens of a camera of a smartphone and in which the detection system is included in the smartphone.13. Device according to claim 9 , wherein at least ...

SPATIAL FILTERING APPARATUS AND METHOD OF SPATIAL FILTERING USING THE SAME

A spatial filtering apparatus includes a composite filter including first filter patterns respectively having a first phase profile, and second filter patterns respectively having a second phase profile, wherein the first filter patterns and the second filter patterns overlap with each other, wherein first light in a first polarization direction that is emitted on the composite filter is first spatially filtered by the first filter patterns, and wherein second light in a second polarization direction that is emitted on the composite filter is second spatially filtered by the second filter patterns. 1. A spatial filtering apparatus comprising: first filter patterns having a first phase profile; and', 'second filter patterns having a second phase profile,, 'a composite filter comprisingwherein the first filter patterns and the second filter patterns overlap with each other,wherein first light in a first polarization direction that is incident on the composite filter is first spatially filtered by the first filter patterns, andwherein second light in a second polarization direction that is incident on the composite filter is second spatially filtered by the second filter patterns.2. The spatial filtering apparatus of claim 1 , whereinthe first filter patterns extend in the first polarization direction,the second filter patterns extend in the second polarization direction, andthe first filter patterns cross the second filter patterns.3. The spatial filtering apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the composite filter further comprises:a lower electrode layer;an upper electrode layer provided on the lower electrode layer; andan active layer provided between the lower electrode layer and the upper electrode layer, andwherein the first filter patterns and the second filter patterns are provided on the upper electrode layer opposite to the active layer.4. The spatial filtering apparatus of claim 3 , further comprising a filter controller configured to generate a voltage difference ...

PHASE GRATINGS WITH ODD SYMMETRY FOR HIGH-RESOLUTION LENSLESS OPTICAL SENSING

Image-sensing devices include odd-symmetry gratings that cast interference patterns over a photodetector array. Grating features offer considerable insensitivity to the wavelength of incident light, and also to the manufactured distance between the grating and the photodetector array. Photographs and other image information can be extracted from interference patterns captured by the photodetector array. Images can be captured without a lens, and cameras can be made smaller than those that are reliant on lenses and ray-optical focusing. 1. (canceled)2. A transmissive phase grating comprising:a plurality of boundaries extending radially over an area, each boundary defined by adjacent and transparent first and second features symmetrically disposed on either side of that boundary;a first filter covering a first portion of the area; anda second filter covering a second portion of the area.3. The transmissive phase grating of claim 2 , wherein the first filter comprises a first polarization filter of a first orientation and the second filter comprises a second polarization filter of a second orientation different from the first orientation.4. The transmissive phase grating of claim 3 , wherein the first orientation is perpendicular to the second orientation.5. The transmissive phase grating of claim 2 , wherein the area is round.6. The transmissive phase grating of claim 2 , wherein the boundaries are curved.7. The transmissive phase grating of claim 2 , wherein the boundaries are discontinuous.8. The transmissive phase grating of claim 2 , each boundary to induce claim 2 , at a position underlying that boundary claim 2 , for light in a wavelength band of interest incident the transmissive phase grating and normal to a transverse plane of the grating claim 2 , a half-wavelength shift of the light through the transparent first feature with respect to the light passing through the adjacent transparent second feature.9. The transmissive phase grating of claim 2 , wherein ...

IMAGING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR IMAGING OBJECTS WITH REDUCED IMAGE BLUR

An imaging device is presented for use in an imaging system capable of improving the image quality. The imaging device has one or more optical systems defining an effective aperture of the imaging device. The imaging device comprises a lens system having an algebraic representation matrix of a diagonalized form defining a first Condition Number, and a phase encoder utility adapted to effect a second Condition Number of an algebraic representation matrix of the imaging device, smaller than said first Condition Number of the lens system. 1. An imaging device having an effective aperture and comprising:a lens system having an algebraic representation matrix of a diagonalized form defining a first Condition Number, anda phase encoder utility adapted to effect a second Condition Number of an algebraic representation matrix of the imaging device, smaller than said first Condition Number of the lens system.2. The imaging device of claim 1 , wherein the phase encoder comprises a first pattern which is located in a first region aligned claim 1 , along an optical axis of the lens system claim 1 , with a part of said effective aperture claim 1 , leaving a remaining part of the effective aperture free of said first pattern claim 1 , geometry of said first region and configuration of said first pattern therein being selected to define a predetermined first phase correction function induced by said first pattern into light passing therethrough.3. The imaging device of claim 2 , wherein the geometry of said first region and configuration of said first pattern are selected such that the first phase correction function satisfies a predetermined condition with respect to a phase correction function induced by said remaining part of the effective aperture.4. The imaging device of claim 3 , wherein said predetermined condition is such that the first phase correction function value claim 3 , along said first region claim 3 , is not smaller than the phase correction function induced by ...

Seismic lineation mapping method and system

A method for seismic geological lineation mapping, wherein a seismic dataset is collected, with information about minor lineations generated by Seismic dataset subtle structural geological features in an underground earth formation. Seismic attribute volumes are identified in the seismic dataset, relating to trace continuity, amplitude, frequency and phase. The attribute volumes may have an insufficient resolution to display the minor lineations. A seismic multivolume lithological lineation map is generated, in which single attribute 92d lineation maps generated for each of the identified seismic attribute volumes are combined to accurately display the minor lineations generated by the subtle geological features.

APERTURE SCANNING FOURIER PTYCHOGRAPHIC IMAGING

Certain aspects pertain to aperture-scanning Fourier ptychographic imaging devices comprising an aperture scanner that can generate an aperture at different locations at an intermediate plane of an optical arrangement, and a detector that can acquire lower resolution intensity images for different aperture locations, and wherein a higher resolution complex image may be constructed by iteratively updating regions in Fourier space with the acquired lower resolution images. 1. An aperture-scanning Fourier ptychographic imaging device , comprising:a first optical element configured to receive light from a sample;a second optical element;an aperture scanner configured to generate an aperture at a plurality of aperture locations in an intermediate plane, the aperture configured to pass incident light at the aperture from the first optical element to the second optical element;a light detector configured to receive light from the second optical element and to acquire a plurality of intensity images associated with different aperture locations; anda processor configured to construct a complex image of the sample by iteratively updating regions in Fourier space with the acquired intensity images.2. The aperture-scanning Fourier ptychographic imaging device of claim 1 , wherein the intermediate plane is a Fourier plane associated with a sample plane.3. The aperture-scanning Fourier ptychographic imaging device of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of intensity images acquired by the light detector uniquely corresponds to a different aperture location of the plurality of aperture locations.4. The aperture-scanning Fourier ptychographic imaging device of claim 1 , wherein the aperture scanner is further configured to generate additional apertures at the intermediate plane to form a plurality of apertures during each acquisition time.5. The aperture-scanning Fourier ptychographic imaging device of claim 1 , further comprising an aperture overlap between adjacent aperture ...

Diffraction grating for use with a multi-layered display system

A display device is described and includes a first display screen including a mask pattern of a pixel. The display device includes a second display screen including the mask pattern, wherein the second display screen is located further from a front of the display device than the first display screen, wherein the front of the display device is closest to a viewer. The display device includes a diffraction element configured to copy the mask pattern of the second display screen into one or more viewable copies in order to minimize moiré interference with the mask pattern of the first display screen.

Light field filter

According to some examples, a lens apparatus includes a plurality of near-field spatial filters, each of the near-field spatial filters including a first near-field lens that includes a first focal length, a second near-field lens that includes a second focal length, and a first plate that includes a pin-hole, the first plate being disposed between the first near-field lens and the second near-field lens such that the pin-hole in the first plate is substantially at a point where a focus of the first near-field lens and a focus of the second near-field lens substantially coincide based at least in part on the first focal length and the second focal length. The lens apparatus further includes a plurality of far-field spatial filters optically coupled to the plurality of near-field spatial filters, each of the far-field spatial filters including a first field lens that includes a third focal length, a second far-field lens that includes a fourth focal length, and a second plate that includes a pin-hole, the second plate being disposed between the first far-field lens and the second far-field lens such that the pin-hole in the second pin-hole plate is substantially at a point where a focus of the first far-field lens and a focus of the second far-field lens substantially coincide based at least in part on the third focal length and the fourth focal length, and wherein the third focal length and the fourth focal length are different than either of the first focal length and the second focal length.

OPTICAL DEVICE, SYSTEM AND METHODS FOR INTERROGATING A VOLUME WITH AN ILLUMINATION PATTERN

In one embodiment, the optical device for generating an illumination pattern has a beam splitter and a pattern generator mounted in series and optically coupled one with the other. The beam splitter and the pattern generator are configured to cooperate one with the other in formatting an incident light beam into the illumination pattern. The illumination pattern has a plurality of diffraction patterns each resulting from a corresponding portion of the incident light beam being split from other portions of the incident light beam by the beam splitter. Each diffraction pattern has a zero-order beam. Each diffraction pattern overlaps with at least one of the other diffraction patterns and forms at least one overlapping region therewith, wherein the plurality of zero-order beams of the plurality of diffraction patterns are separated from one another in the illumination pattern. 1. An optical device for generating an illumination pattern , the optical device comprising: a beam splitter and a pattern generator mounted in series and optically coupled one with the other , the beam splitter and the pattern generator configured to cooperate one with the other in formatting an incident light beam into the illumination pattern , the illumination pattern having a plurality of diffraction patterns each resulting from a corresponding portion of the incident light beam being split from other portions of the incident light beam by the beam splitter , each diffraction pattern having a zero-order beam , each diffraction pattern overlapping with at least one of the other diffraction patterns and forming at least one overlapping region therewith , wherein the plurality of zero-order beams of the plurality of diffraction patterns are separated from one another in the illumination pattern.2. The optical device of claim 1 , wherein the pattern generator is a random pattern generator which generates a diffraction pattern in the form of a randomly populated matrix of pixels claim 1 , and the ...

MODE CONVERTER FOR HIGH POWER, HIGHER-ORDER MODE OPTICAL FIBER AMPLIFIERS

A mode converter for use with a higher-order mode (HOM)-based fiber amplifiers takes the form of axicon-based configuration that is able to convert high power (tens of mW and higher) optical signals propagating in higher-order mode form into a diffraction-limited beam without experiencing the nonlinear effects (such as self-phase modulation) that are found when using a long-period grating (LPG) to create a diffraction-limited beam by performing mode conversion. The axicon may comprise a bulk optic device, a fiber-based device, or a GRIN-based configuration (where the refractive index profile of the GRIN element is formed to create a diffraction-limited signal). 1. An optical system for providing conversion of a higher-order mode optical signal into a diffraction-limited beam , the optical system comprising:an optical waveguide for supporting the propagation of a higher-order mode optical signal;an axicon-based mode converter coupled to the output of the optical waveguide, the axicon-based mode converter including an axicon lensing element formed to exhibit optical characteristics such that when the higher-order mode optical signal from the optical waveguide is applied as an input to the axicon lensing element, the axicon element performs mode conversion in a manner that creates a diffraction-limited output signal.2. The optical system as defined in wherein the axicon element comprises a bulk optic axicon device having a conical endface claim 1 , the conical endface defined by an apex angle α at the termination therefore and the apex angle α being the optical characteristic selected to provide mode conversion from the higher-order mode beam into the diffraction-limited beam.3. The optical system as defined in wherein the axicon-based mode converter further comprises a magnifying lens disposed at the input of the bulk optic axicon device to provide magnification of the higher-order mode optical signal prior to mode conversion claim 2 , where the amount of ...

3D REFRACTIVE INDEX TOMOGRAPHY AND STRUCTURED ILLUMINATION MICROSCOPY SYSTEM USING WAVEFRONT SHAPER AND METHOD THEREOF

An ultra-high-speed 3D refractive index tomography and structured illumination microscopy system using a wavefront shaper and a method using the same are provided. A method of using an ultra-high-speed 3D refractive index tomography and structured illumination microscopy system that utilizes a wavefront shaper includes adjusting an irradiation angle of a plane wave incident on a sample by using the wavefront shaper, measuring a 2D optical field, which passes through the sample, based on the irradiation angle of the plane wave, and obtaining a 3D refractive index image from information of the measured 2D optical field by using an optical diffraction tomography or a filtered back projection algorithm. 1. A method of using an ultra-high-speed 3-dimensional (3D) refractive index tomography and structured illumination microscopy system that utilizes a wavefront shaper , the method comprising:adjusting an irradiation angle of a plane wave incident on a sample by using the wavefront shaper;measuring a 2-dimensional (2D) optical field, which passes through the sample, based on the irradiation angle of the plane wave; andobtaining a 3D refractive index image from information of the measured 2D optical field by using an optical diffraction tomography or a filtered back projection algorithm.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:adjusting a phase and a pattern of a wavefront of the plane wave to obtain a 3D high resolution fluorescence image,wherein the 3D high resolution fluorescence image and the 3D refractive index image of the sample are simultaneously measured by using the wavefront shaper.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the adjusting of the irradiation angle comprises:forming plane waves of various progression angles by changing a pattern displayed on a digital micromirror device, such that a progression angle of the plane wave incident on the sample is adjusted.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the adjusting of the irradiation angle comprises:adjusting a ...

Optical imaging system with a plurality of sense channels

An optical system for collecting distance information within a field is provided. The optical system may include lenses for collecting photons from a field and may include lenses for distributing photons to a field. The optical system may include lenses that collimate photons passed by an aperture, optical filters that reject normally incident light outside of the operating wavelength, and pixels that detect incident photons. The optical system may further include illumination sources that output photons at an operating wavelength.

System and method for imaging with pinhole arrays

An imaging system is provided, configured for providing three-dimensional data of a region of interest. The system comprising: an optical unit and a control unit. The optical unit comprises a radiation collection unit and a detection unit. The radiation collection unit comprises at least two mask arrangement defining at least two radiation collection regions respectively, the mask arrangements are configured to sequentially apply a plurality of a predetermined number of spatial filtering patterns formed by a predetermined arrangement of apertures applied on radiation collected thereby generating at least two elemental image data pieces corresponding to the collected radiation from said at least two collection regions. The control unit comprising is configured for receiving and processing said at least two elemental image data pieces and determining a plurality of at least two restored elemental images respectively being together indicative of a three dimensional arrangement of the region being imaged.

Method of designing an imaging system, spatial filter and imaging system including such a spatial filter

A method of designing an imaging system including an optical system having a longitudinal optical axis, an image sensor and a spatial filter, the imaging system being configured to form an image of a focusing plane on the image sensor. The optical transfer function of the optical system combined with the spatial filter is calculated as a function of the image spatial frequencies, and of the focusing defect (Ψ), so as to determine a contrast map and a phase map of the optical system combined with the pupil function of the spatial filter, the contrast map and the phase map being a function, of the spatial frequency (f), and of the focusing defect (Ψ), and it is determined, based on these maps, a value of longitudinal extension (|P|) of the imaging system focusing depth domain in the useful range of spatial frequencies ([−fc; fc]) and an average contrast C .

IMAGE PROCESSING DEVICE, IMAGE PROCESSING METHOD, IMAGING APPARATUS, AND PROGRAM

An image processing device of the present disclosure includes an image processor that generates image data on the basis of a plurality of pieces of raw image data shot with mutually different lowpass characteristics of an optical lowpass filter, the image data that is higher in resolution than each of the plurality of pieces of raw image data. 1. An image processing device , comprising:an image processor that generates image data on a basis of a plurality of pieces of raw image data shot with mutually different lowpass characteristics of an optical lowpass filter, the image data that is higher in resolution than each of the plurality of pieces of raw image data.2. The image processing device according to claim 1 , wherein the optical lowpass filter is a variable optical lowpass filter that is allowed to change a degree of separation of light for incoming light.3. The image processing device according to claim 2 , wherein the optical lowpass filter is a liquid crystal optical lowpass filter.4. The image processing device according to claim 2 , wherein the plurality of pieces of raw image data include raw image data shot with the degree of separation set to zero.5. The image processing device according to claim 1 , whereineach of the plurality of pieces of raw image data includes data of pixels of a plurality of colors located at pixel positions different for each color, andthe image processor calculates a pixel value for at least one predetermined color of the plurality of colors at a position different from a position of a pixel of the predetermined color.6. The image processing device according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of pieces of raw image data include two pieces of raw image data.7. The image processing device according to claim 6 , whereineach of the two pieces of raw image data includes data of pixels of three colors, andthe image processor calculates a pixel value for one predetermined color of the three colors at a position different from a ...

CLASSIFYING MICROBEADS IN NEAR-FIELD IMAGING

Among other things, an imaging sensor includes a two-dimensional array of photosensitive elements and a surface to receive a sample within a near-field distance of the photosensitive elements. Electronics classify microbeads in the sample as belonging to different classes based on the effects of different absorption spectra of the different classes of microbeads on light received at the surface. In some examples, the number of different distinguishable classes of microbeads can be very large based on combinations of the effects on light received at the surface of the different absorption spectra together, spatial arrangements of colorants in the microbeads that impart the different absorption spectra, different sizes of microbeads, and different shapes of microbeads, among other things. 1. A method comprisingplacing a sample at a surface of an imaging sensor, the imaging sensor comprising a two-dimensional array of photosensitive elements,the sample including (a) microbeads, at least some of which are attached to units in the sample, (b) and target elements, at least some of which are attached to the units attached to the microbeads,holding the sample statically within a near-field distance of the photosensitive elements,using the imaging sensor to capture a two-dimensional image of the statically-held sample including the microbeads,counting the microbeads belonging to each of two different classes in the two-dimensional image, or identifying locations of the microbeads of each of the two different classes in the two-dimensional image, or both counting the microbeads belonging to each of the two different classes and identifying the locations of the microbeads of each of the two different classes, andbased on at least one of the count of the microbeads belonging to each of the two different classes and the locations of the microbeads of each of the two different classes, performing at least one of an assay, a count, a classification, and an analysis of the target ...

Wavefront coded imaging systems

The present invention provides improved Wavefront Coding imaging apparatus and methods composed of optics, detector, and processing of the detected image. The optics are constructed and arranged to have the characteristic that the transverse ray intercept curves form substantially straight, sloped lines. The wavefront coding corrects for known or unknown amounts of “misfocus-like” aberrations by altering the optical transfer function of the imaging apparatus in such a way that the altered optical transfer function is substantially insensitive to aberrations. Post processing then removes the effect of the coding, except for the invariance with regard to aberrations, producing clear images.

Optimized image processing for wavefront coded imaging systems

An image processing method includes the steps of wavefront coding a wavefront that forms an optical image, converting the optical image to a data stream, and processing the data stream with a filter kernel to reverse effects of wavefront coding and generate a final image. By example, the filter set kernel may be a reduced filter set kernel, or a color-specific kernel. Methods and systems are also disclosed for processing color images, such as by separating color and spatial information into separate channels. Methods and systems herein are for example useful in forming electronic devices with reduced opto-mechanical, opto-electronic and processing complexity or cost.

POLYCHROME IMAGING METHOD

Optical system for collecting distance information within a field

An optical system for collecting distance information within a field is provided. The optical system may include lenses for collecting photons from a field and may include lenses for distributing photons to a field. The optical system may include lenses that collimate photons passed by an aperture, optical filters that reject normally incident light outside of the operating wavelength, and pixels that detect incident photons. The optical system may further include illumination sources that output photons at an operating wavelength.

휘도 향상된 광학 이미징 송신기

실시예들은 하나 이상의 마이크로-광학 구성요소들을 포함하는 광학 이미저들을 기술한다. 일부 이미저는 시야로부터 주변 광을 수신하기 위한 광 검출 시스템을 포함하는 수동 이미저일 수 있다. 일부 이미저는 광 검출 시스템에 더하여, 광 방출 시스템을 포함하는 능동 이미저일 수 있다. 광 방출 시스템은 방출된 광이 시야 내의 물체의 표면으로부터 반사되고 광 검출 시스템에 의해 수신되도록, 광을 시야로 방출하도록 구성될 수 있다. 일부 실시예에서, 광 검출 시스템 및/또는 광 방출 시스템은 동작 성능을 개선하기 위한 마이크로-광학 구성요소를 포함한다.

Optical system for collecting distance information within a field

필드 내에서 거리 정보를 수집하기 위한 광학 시스템이 제공된다. 광학 시스템은 필드로부터 광자를 수집하기 위한 렌즈를 포함할 수도 있고, 필드로 광자를 분배하기 위한 렌즈를 포함할 수도 있다. 광학 시스템은 개구에 의해 통과된 광자를 시준하는 렌즈, 동작 파장의 외부의 정상적으로 입사하는 광을 거부하는 광학 필터, 및 입사 광자를 검출하는 픽셀을 포함할 수도 있다. 광학 시스템은 동작 파장에서 광자를 출력하는 조명 소스를 더 포함할 수도 있다. An optical system is provided for collecting distance information within a field. The optical system may include a lens for collecting photons from the field and may include a lens for distributing the photons into the field. The optical system may include a lens that collimates photons passed by the aperture, an optical filter that rejects normally incident light outside of the operating wavelength, and a pixel that detects incident photons. The optical system may further include an illumination source that outputs photons at the operating wavelength.

필드 내에서 거리 정보를 수집하기 위한 광학 시스템

필드 내에서 거리 정보를 수집하기 위한 광학 시스템이 제공된다. 광학 시스템은 필드로부터 광자를 수집하기 위한 렌즈를 포함할 수도 있고, 필드로 광자를 분배하기 위한 렌즈를 포함할 수도 있다. 광학 시스템은 개구에 의해 통과된 광자를 시준하는 렌즈, 동작 파장의 외부의 정상적으로 입사하는 광을 거부하는 광학 필터, 및 입사 광자를 검출하는 픽셀을 포함할 수도 있다. 광학 시스템은 동작 파장에서 광자를 출력하는 조명 소스를 더 포함할 수도 있다.

3D Refractive Index Tomogram and Structured Illumination Microscopy System using Wavefront Shaper and Method thereof

파면 제어기를 이용한 초고속 3차원 굴절률 영상 촬영 및 형광 구조화 조도 현미경 시스템 및 이를 이용한 방법이 제시된다. 파면 제어기를 이용한 초고속 3차원 굴절률 영상 촬영 및 형광 구조화 조도 현미경 시스템을 이용한 방법은, 파면 제어기(Wavefront Shaper)를 이용하여 샘플에 입사되는 평면파의 조사 각도를 조절하는 단계; 상기 평면파의 조사 각도에 따른 상기 샘플을 통과한 2차원 광학장을 측정하는 단계; 및 측정된 상기 2차원 광학장의 정보를 광회절 단층 촬영법(optical diffraction tomography) 또는 여과된 역투사 알고리즘(filtered back projection algorithm)을 이용하여 3차원 굴절률 영상을 획득하는 단계를 포함할 수 있다. An ultrahigh speed three-dimensional refractive-index imaging using a wavefront controller and a fluorescence structured illumination light microscope system and a method using the same are presented. Ultrafast three-dimensional refractive-index imaging using a wavefront controller and fluorescence structuring The method using a light intensity microscope system includes: adjusting an angle of irradiation of a plane wave incident on a sample using a wavefront shaper; Measuring a two-dimensional optical field passing through the sample according to an angle of the plane wave; And acquiring the information of the two-dimensional optical field measured using the optical diffraction tomography or the filtered back projection algorithm to obtain the three-dimensional refractive index image.

波前编码成像系统的优化图像处理

一种图像处理方法，包括步骤：对形成光学图像的波前进行波前编码；将光学图像转换为数据流；以及利用滤波器核心处理数据流以反向转换波前编码的作用并生成最终图像。例如，该组滤波器核心可以是一组简化的滤波器核心，或色彩专用的核心。本发明还披露了用于处理彩色图像的方法和系统，例如通过将色彩与空间信息分离到分离的信道中而进行处理。本发明的方法和系统可用于例如形成电子设备，其具有简化的光－机械装置、光－电子装置以及降低的处理复杂度或成本。

Camera apparatus having an optical low-pass filter

A camera apparatus having photographing lenses and an optical low-pass filter for limiting the image information of predetermined spatial frequency components, the filter being disposed at an arbitrary position on the optical axis of the photographing lenses. One of the sides of the optical low-pass filter is formed as a diffraction grating structure having a low pass effect, and the other side is formed in an aspherical shape.

Article having a birefringent surface and microstructured features having a variable pitch or angles for use as a blur filter

An optical low pass filter or blur filter, and method of making the filters, using an article having a birefringent surface for refracting incoming light when used with an image sensor. The birefringent surface of the article, such as a film, is structured or tilted such that, when the blur filter is placed within an optical path between a lens and the image sensor, the birefringent surface causes refraction of a light signal in the optical path into multiple light signals each being incident upon different sub-pixels within the pixels in the image sensor to prevent or reduce artifacts, such as undesirable color moiré effects, in the resulting digital image. The structures on the surface have a variable pitch or angles. The variable pitch can include a periodic, aperiodic, or quasi-aperiodic pitch, to reduce diffractive artifacts in the resulting image.

Article having a birefringent surface and microstructured features having a variable pitch or angles for use as a blur filter

An optical low pass filter or blur filter, and method of making the filters, using an article having a birefringent surface for refracting incoming light when used with an image sensor. The birefringent surface of the article, such as a film, is structured or tilted such that, when the blur filter is placed within an optical path between a lens and the image sensor, the birefringent surface causes refraction of a light signal in the optical path into multiple light signals each being incident upon different sub-pixels within the pixels in the image sensor to prevent or reduce artifacts, such as undesirable color moiré effects, in the resulting digital image. The structures on the surface have a variable pitch or angles. The variable pitch can include a periodic, aperiodic, or quasi-aperiodic pitch, to reduce diffractive artifacts in the resulting image.

Device and method for radial and angular or angle incrementation image analysis in conformity with content of form and coordination

FIELD: spatial light modulator, in particular, spatial light modulator with radially oriented active light modulation sectors for radial and angular light ray analysis, including Fourier transformation optical images, determining of characteristics of search, coordination or identification of image form content. SUBSTANCE: segmented radial spatial light modulator has active optical area, containing a set of extended radially active optical modulator sectors, positioned on different angular directions relatively to central axis. Aforementioned light modulator is used during separation and localization of parts of optical images of Fourier transformation from images for determining image characteristics by means of form for registration, preservation, extraction, search and comparison to other images for coordination or almost full coordination. Collateral images may be added to images for increasing optical strength in optical image of Fourier transformation without addition of new content of form and for successive comparison to characteristics of form of another image for identification of almost full coordination in addition to coordination. EFFECT: increased resolution of spatial f of image along each angular direction. 3 cl, 29 dwg ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÀß ÔÅÄÅÐÀÖÈß RU (19) (11) 2 300 144 (13) C2 (51) ÌÏÊ G06K 9/58 (2006.01) G02B 27/46 (2006.01) ÔÅÄÅÐÀËÜÍÀß ÑËÓÆÁÀ ÏÎ ÈÍÒÅËËÅÊÒÓÀËÜÍÎÉ ÑÎÁÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ, ÏÀÒÅÍÒÀÌ È ÒÎÂÀÐÍÛÌ ÇÍÀÊÀÌ (12) ÎÏÈÑÀÍÈÅ ÈÇÎÁÐÅÒÅÍÈß Ê ÏÀÒÅÍÒÓ (21), (22) Çà âêà: 2004125168/09, 16.01.2003 (72) Àâòîð(û): ÊÐÈËË Ðèê (US) (24) Äàòà íà÷àëà îòñ÷åòà ñðîêà äåéñòâè ïàòåíòà: 16.01.2003 (73) Ïàòåíòîîáëàäàòåëü(è): ËÓÊ ÄÀÉÍÝÌÈÊÑ, ÈÍÊ. (US) R U (30) Êîíâåíöèîííûé ïðèîðèòåò: 18.01.2002 US 10/051,364 (43) Äàòà ïóáëèêàöèè çà âêè: 27.01.2006 (45) Îïóáëèêîâàíî: 27.05.2007 Áþë. ¹ 15 2 3 0 0 1 4 4 (56) Ñïèñîê äîêóìåíòîâ, öèòèðîâàííûõ â îò÷åòå î ïîèñêå: WO 01/73681 A1, 04.10.2001. WO 00/75967 A1, 14.12.2000. SU 1811628 A3, 23.04.1993. SU 1721616 A1, 23.03.1992. WO 00/05677 A1, 03. ...

Generation of a desired wavefront with a plurality of phase contrast filters

The present invention relates to a method and a system for synthesizing an intensity pattern based on generalized phase contrast imaging. The phase filter contains a plurality of phase shifting regions that is matched to the layout of a light source array, each of the regions being positioned at the zero-order diffraction region of a respective element of the array. Further, the shape of each phase shifting region may match the shape of the zero-order diffraction region of the respective element. Thus, the energy of the electromagnetic fields of the system may be distributed over a large area compared to the area of a zero-order diffraction region of a single plane electromagnetic field of a known phase contrast imaging system.

Generation of a desired wavefront with a plurality of phase contrast filters

The present invention relates to a method and a system for synthesizing an intensity pattern based on generalized phase contrast imaging. The phase filter contains a plurality of phase shifting regions that is matched to the layout of a light source array, each of the regions being positioned at the zero-order diffraction region of a respective element of the array. Further, the shape of each phase shifting region may match the shape of the zero-order diffraction region of the respective element. Thus, the energy of the electromagnetic fields of the system may be distributed over a large area compared to the area of a zero-order diffraction region of a single plane electromagnetic field of a known phase contrast imaging system.

Imaging method using phase boundary masking with modified illumination

본 발명에 따른 투영리소그래피 장치(도 8)는 경계양각피처(60)을 갖는 반투명 기판(61)과 결합하여 크로스-4극 조명 패턴(도 5b)를 제공한다. 상기 피처들은 초점평면에 이미징되지 않지만, 상기 초점평면에서의 피처간 공간의 어두운 이미지를 생성하도록 서로 근접하여 이격되어 있다. The projection lithographic apparatus (FIG. 8) according to the present invention is combined with a translucent substrate 61 having boundary relief features 60 to provide a cross-pole illumination pattern (FIG. 5B). The features are not imaged in the focal plane, but are spaced close to each other to produce a dark image of the inter-feature space in the focal plane.

A kind of system and method generating diffraction light-free

本发明实施例提供一种产生无衍射光的系统及方法，所述无衍射光在傅里叶频域的形状为环状，产生无衍射光的系统包括：沿光轴依次设置的相位调制单元、第一透镜、空间频率滤波单元和第二透镜；所述第一透镜与所述第二透镜共焦设置，所述空间频率滤波单元位于所述第一透镜以及所述第二透镜的焦平面上。本发明实施例提供一种产生无衍射光的系统及方法，以实现可以产生任意无衍射光图案，且光路简单、光利用率高。

Coding pattern projector

一种编码图案投影仪装置包括表面发射发射器阵列，所述表面发射发射器阵列包括多个发射器，其中所述多个发射器中的每一个响应于电驱动信号生成多个光束中的一个，所述电驱动信号施加到所述多个发射器中的每一个的相应电输入端。第一光学元件投影由所述表面发射发射器阵列生成的每个所述多个光束。第二光学元件使所述光束在第一维度中准直并且在第二维度中发散所述光束，使得所述光束形成至少一个条带图案。控制器具有多个电输出端，所述多个电输出端中的每一个连接至所述多个发射器中的每一个的相应电输入端。所述控制器生成所需要的电驱动信号，所述所需要的电驱动信号产生所需要的编码条带图案。

Photomasks including shadowing elements therein and related methods and systems

A photomask for patterning an integrated circuit device using a patterning radiation may include a transparent substrate, a pattern of radiation blocking regions, an array of radiation blocking regions, and an array of shadowing elements. The transparent substrate may have first and second opposing surfaces, and the pattern of radiation blocking regions may be on at least one of the first and/or second surfaces of the transparent substrate. Moreover, the pattern of radiation blocking regions may define a pattern to be transferred to the integrated circuit substrate. The array of shadowing elements may be provided within the transparent substrate between the first and second opposing surfaces wherein a shadowing element of the array has a light transmittance characteristic different than that of an adjacent portion of the transparent substrate. Moreover, a transmittance of the patterning radiation through a portion of the transparent substrate including the array of shadowing elements may be greater than approximately 20%. Related methods and systems are also discussed.

Colar display apparatus sperated beteween diffraction light and illumination light

본 발명은 회절광과 조명광을 분리하여 간단한 광학계를 실현한 칼라 디스플레이 장치에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 따르면, 복수 광원으로부터 출사된 편광된 광을 집속하여 출사하는 집속부; 상기 집속부로부터 출사되는 다중의 편광빔이 입사되면 선형의 평행광으로 변환하여 출사하는 조명렌즈계; 상기 각 파장의 편광빔에 대하여 광변조를 수행하여 복수 차수의 회절계수를 갖는 회절광을 생성하는 복수의 회절형 광변조기; 상기 조명렌즈계로부터 출사되는 편광빔은 슬릿을 이용하여 통과시키고 상기 회절형 광변조기로부터 출사되는 회절광을 상기 필터계로 반사하는 조명광과 회절광의 분리 미러; 상기 조명광과 회절광의 분리 미러로부터 다중의 편광빔을 파장별로 분리하여 해당하는 상기 회절형 광변조기로 입사시키고 상기 복수의 회절형 광변조기로부터 출사되는 회절광을 집광하여 상기 조명광과 회절광의 분리 미러로 출사시키는 편광빔 분리부; 상기 회절형 광변조기로부터 출사되는 복수의 회절차수를 갖는 각각의 회절광에서 원하는 차수의 회절광을 색선별 필터를 사용하여 통과시키는 필터계; 및 상기 필터계에 의해 통과된 회절광을 집광하여 스크린에 투사하는 프로젝션 시스템을 포함하여 이루어진 디스플레이 장치가 제공된다. 칼라 디스플레이 장치, 광변조기, 단일 조명계, The present invention relates to a color display device that realizes a simple optical system by separating diffracted light and illumination light. According to the present invention, a focusing unit for focusing and exiting the polarized light emitted from the plurality of light sources; An illumination lens system converting and outputting a plurality of polarized beams emitted from the focusing unit into linear parallel light; A plurality of diffraction type optical modulators which perform light modulation on the polarization beams of each wavelength to generate diffracted light having a plurality of orders of diffraction coefficients; A separation mirror of illumination light and diffracted light passing through the polarization beam emitted from the illumination lens system and reflecting the diffracted light emitted from the diffractive light modulator to the filter system; A plurality of polarization beams are separated by wavelength from the separation mirror of the illumination light and the diffracted light, and incident to the corresponding diffraction light modulator. A polarizing beam separation unit for emitting; A filter system for passing diffracted light having a desired order in each diffracted light having a plurality of diffraction orders emitted from the diffractive light modulator by using a color discriminating filter; ...

Differential refractive index measurement method and apparatus and method of using the same

본 발명은 그 변위가 측정되는 무늬로 구성되는 간섭 구조를 발생시키는 광비임에 의해 서로 교차되는 두 매질의 굴절률 차이를 측정하는 방법에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 따르면, 간섭 구조 무늬의 변위를 검출하는 단일 수단이 사용되고, 적어도 한 비임에 대해 위상 변조가 수행되며, 간섭 구조의 무늬 차이를 얻기 위해 변조 과정이 제어된다. The present invention relates to a method of measuring the refractive index difference between two media crossing each other by an optical beam generating an interference structure composed of a pattern whose displacement is measured. According to the present invention, a single means for detecting the displacement of the interference structure pattern is used, phase modulation is performed on at least one beam, and the modulation process is controlled to obtain the pattern difference of the interference structure.

Spatial filtering apparatus and method of spatial filtering using the same

A spatial filtering apparatus includes a composite filter including first filter patterns respectively having a first phase profile, and second filter patterns respectively having a second phase profile, wherein the first filter patterns and the second filter patterns overlap with each other, wherein first light in a first polarization direction that is emitted on the composite filter is first spatially filtered by the first filter patterns, and wherein second light in a second polarization direction that is emitted on the composite filter is second spatially filtered by the second filter patterns.

Photomask inspection by spatial filtering

This disclosure describes an optical spatial filtering technique for detecting hole-type defects and excess spot defects in photomasks used in making microcircuits. An approximate form factor intensity filter provides suppression of the regularly shaped mask features. For masks with features whose boundaries are along only the X-Y direction, this filter advantageously is a cross placed in the transform plane. With rectangular features suppressed, only nonrectangular defect data passes. Spots as small as 0.1 mil are detected and displayed on a TV monitor; or, using a photomultiplier tube, signals are stored on an oscilloscope or by a recorder for analysis, or counted with a pulse counter. Masks or circuits on opaque substrates are also inspected by this method.

Laser-welding apparatus and method

A laser-welding apparatus may include a laser source, an incoming laser beam produced by the laser source, and a beam splitter that splits the incoming laser beam to form a leading beam and a trailing beam. A first focusing lens may focus the leading beam and a second focusing lens may focus the trailing beam to form a trailing-beam pattern on a workpiece. The trailing-beam pattern may include a crescent-shape having arms and a tail portion.

Apparatus and method for radial and angular or rotational analysis or images for shape content and matching

一种分段的空间光调制器(50)具有一个有源光学区域(54)，它包括关于中心轴(40)在各种角度方向上分散的多个辐射状延伸的有源光学调制器扇区(500，510，520，530，540，550，560，570，580，590，600，610，620，630，640，650)。分段的辐射状空间光调制器(50)用于分离和隔开傅立叶变换光学图案(32)，该傅立叶光学图案来自通过形状来记录、存储、检索、搜索和与其他图像比较而获得匹配或接近匹配的用于图像的特征描述的图像。可以将图像重影以增加傅立叶变换光学图案(32)中的光功率，但未加入新的形状内容，并用于与其他图像形状特征分等级比较以在识别匹配以外识别接近匹配。

Optical filter

An optical filter comprising at least one optically anisotropic crystal sheet and at least one substrate pasted together with the respective main planes of the sheets and the substrates kept orthogonal to a light-beam passing direction. A substrate is used as the light-incident-side end surface, and the substrate as the light-incident-side end surface is pasted with an optically anisotropic crystal sheet or another substrate that is thinner than the first substrate.

Method for manufacturing photo mask having capability of controlling critical dimension on wafer and photomask thereby, and exposuring method therewith

웨이퍼 상의 임계 선폭을 제어할 수 있는 포토 마스크 제조 방법, 이에 의한 포토 마스크 및 이를 이용한 노광 방법을 제공한다. 본 발명의 일 관점에 의한 제조 방법은 웨이퍼 상으로 노광 과정을 통해서 전사될 주 패턴이 앞면에 구현된 포토 마스크 기판을 도입하고, 주 패턴에 입사될 광의 조명 세기 분포를 변화시키기 위해서 영역에 따라 다른 패턴 밀도 값들을 가지는 투과율 조절용 패턴들을 포함하여 구성되는 투과율 조절용 패턴 분포층을 포토 마스크 기판 후면 상에 도입한다.

Multi-beam scanning device for optical modulator using color selection slit

Optical modulator multi-light scanning device using color-coded slits

본 발명은 광변조기 다중광 스캐닝 장치에 관한 것으로서, 특히 복수개의 색을 하나의 슬릿을 사용하여 필터링할 수 있도록 해당 색의 투과 영역에 해당 색만을 투과시킬 수 있는 물질을 코팅한 색선별 슬릿을 이용한 광변조기 다중광 스캐닝 장치에 관한 것이다. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optical modulator multiple light scanning device, and more particularly, to use a color-specific slit coated with a material capable of transmitting only a corresponding color to a transmission region of a corresponding color so as to filter a plurality of colors using a single slit. An optical modulator multiple light scanning device. 광변조기, 픽셀, 엑츄에이팅 셀, 단차, 회절, 다중광, 칼라, 색선별 슬릿 Light Modulators, Pixels, Actuating Cells, Steps, Diffraction, Multiplexing, Color, Slitting Slit

Display apparatus which scans both forward path and backward path

본 발명은 회절형 광변조기를 이용한 디스플레이 장치에 관한 것으로서, 특히 회절형 광변조기에서 변조된 회절광을 스크린에 정방향으로 스캐닝할 때만 아니라 역방향으로 스캐닝할 때에서도 스크린에 이미지가 디스플레이 되도록 하는 정역방향 스캐닝 방식의 디스플레이 장치에 관한 것이다. 회절형 광변조기, 디스플레이 장치, 스캐닝, 스캐너 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a display device using a diffractive optical modulator. In particular, the present invention relates to a forward and reverse scanning in which a diffracted light modulated by the diffractive optical modulator is displayed on the screen not only when the screen is scanned in the forward direction but also in the reverse direction. It relates to a display device of the type. Diffraction Optical Modulators, Display Devices, Scanning, Scanners

Optical apparatus for aerospace

본 발명의 일 실시예는, 위성체에 유선 또는 무선으로 연결되어, 획득한 광신호를 전기신호로 변환하여 위성체에 전달하는 항공우주용 광학장치에 있어서, 광신호를 모아 초점에 상을 만드는 주반사경과, 초점에 맺힌 광신호의 상을 반사시키는 보조반사경과, 주반사경 및 보조반사경에 대향하는 가상의 면 상의 제1 축과, 제1 축과 교차하는 제2 축을 중심으로 회전 가능하도록 구성되어 보조반사경을 제1 축 및 제2 축을 중심으로 회전 가능하도록 지지하는 제1 지지부와, 보조반사경의 회전에 따라 함께 이동 가능하도록 설치되되, 보조반사경으로부터 반사되는 광신호의 상의 반사 경로에 배치되며, 광신호를 전기 신호로 변환하는 검출부를 포함하는 항공우주용 광학장치를 개시한다. One embodiment of the present invention relates to an optical system for an aerospace system which is connected to a satellite by wired or wireless communication and converts the optical signal into an electrical signal and transmits the electrical signal to a satellite, An auxiliary reflector that reflects an image of the optical signal formed at the focus, a first axis on a virtual surface facing the main reflector and the sub-reflector, and a second axis that intersects the first axis, A first support portion for supporting the reflector so as to be rotatable around the first axis and the second axis; a second support portion provided to be movable together with the rotation of the auxiliary reflector, An optical system for an aerospace including a detector for converting a signal into an electric signal is disclosed.

Optical splitter

Optical low-pass filter

An optical low-pass filter used in association with an imaging element which has a plurality of pixels arranged in vertical and horizontal direction with regularity, is provided with first through third birefringent plates arranged in the order from a light incident side. The low-pass filter separates an incident ray into four rays, a separation width of the rays in the vertical direction being δv, and a separation width of the rays in the horizontal direction being δh. A separation angles of the first through third birefringent plates are θ, (θ−90°) and 0°, respectively, and separation widths of the first through third birefringent plates are (δv×sin θ), (δv×cos θ) and δh, respectively.

Optical filter and optical device provided with this optical filter

Light emitted from a taking lens 20 enters a first birefringent plate la to be spatially divided along a first direction extending perpendicular to the direction in which the light advances to achieve two separate rays L 10 and L 20. The vibrational planes of the two light fluxes L 10 and L 20 emitted from the first birefringent plate la are converted to a circularly polarized light by a phase plate 1 c. The two light fluxes L 10 ′ and L 20 ′ emitted from the phase plate 1 c are each spatially divided into two by a second birefringent plate 1 d along a second direction extending perpendicular to the first direction to achieve four separate rays L 11, L 12, L 21 and L 22, to be guided to an imaging plane 15 a of an imaging device 15. At least either the first birefringent plate or the second birefringent plate is constituted of lithium niobate, rutile, Chilean nitrate, or the like.

Optical device

Article having a birefringent surface for use as a blur filter

본 발명은 화상 센서와 사용될 때에 입사 광을 굴절시키는 복굴절성 표면을 갖는 구성 요소를 사용하는 광학 저역 필터 또는 블러 필터 그리고 이 필터를 제조하는 방법에 관한 것이다. 필름 등의 구성 요소의 복굴절성 표면은 블러 필터가 렌즈와 화상 센서 사이의 광학 경로 내에 위치될 때에 복굴절성 표면이 그로 인한 디지털 화상 내에서 바람직하지 못한 색상 무아레 효과 등의 인공 산물을 방지하거나 감소시키기 위해 화상 센서 내의 화소 내의 상이한 보조 화소 상에 각각 입사되는 다수개의 광 신호로의 광학 경로 내의 광 신호의 굴절을 유발시키도록 구조화되거나 경사져 있다. 블러 필터, 복굴절성, 광학 경로, 화상 센서, 광 신호, 광학 경로

Image display device

Device, apparatus and method for providing photostimulation and imaging of structures

According to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, it is possible to provide method, system, arrangement, computer-accessible medium and device to stimulate individual neurons in brain slices in any arbitrary spatio-temporal pattern, using two-photon uncaging of photo-sensitive compounds such as MNI- glutamate and/or RuBi-Glutamate with beam multiplexing. Such exemplary method and device can have single-cell and three-dimensional precision. For example, by sequentially stimulating up to a thousand potential presynaptic neurons, it is possible to generate detailed functional maps of inputs to a cell. In addition, it is possible to combine this exemplary approach with two-photon calcium imaging in an all-optical method to image and manipulate circuit activity. Further exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure can include a light-weight, compact portable device providing for uses in a wide variety of applications.

Display apparatus of the diffractive optical modulator having focus depth dependent on the numerical aperture

본 발명은 회절형 광변조기를 이용한 디스플레이 장치에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a display device using a diffractive optical modulator. 특히, 본 발명은 조명계의 개구수를 적절하게 조정하여 무한 초점 심도를 갖도록 하는 개구수에 의존하는 초점심도를 갖는 회절형 광변조기를 이용한 디스플레이 장치에 관한 것이다. In particular, the present invention relates to a display apparatus using a diffraction type optical modulator having a depth of focus depending on the numerical aperture to appropriately adjust the numerical aperture of the illumination system to have an infinite focal depth. 회절형, 광변조기, 디스플레이, 개구수, 초점심도, 무한초점심도 Diffraction type, optical modulator, display, numerical aperture, depth of focus, infinite depth of focus

Light irradiation apparatus and drawing apparatus

광원부(4)로부터의 레이저광은, 조사 광학계(5)의 광축(J1)을 따라서 조사면(320)으로 유도된다. 조사 광학계(5)의 분할 렌즈부(62)는, 입사하는 광을 분할하는 복수의 요소 렌즈를 갖고, 광로 길이 차 생성부(61)는, 서로 상이한 광로 길이를 갖는 복수의 투광부를 갖는다. 복수의 요소 렌즈를 통과한 복수의 광속은, 복수의 투광부에 각각 입사한다. 집광부(63)는, 조사면 상에서 복수의 광속의 조사 영역(50)을 겹친다. 요소 렌즈의 배열 방향을 따라서 본 경우에, 집광부에 대해 복수의 광속이 평행광으로서 입사한다. 집광부는, 상기 배열 방향에 수직인 Y방향으로 평행광을 발산시키는 발산 렌즈(631)와, 발산 렌즈로부터의 광을 조사면 상에서 집광시키는 수렴 렌즈(633)를 구비한다. 이에 의해, 집광부의 Y방향에 관한 초점 거리를 짧게 하는 설계가 용이하게 실현되고, 조사면 상에 있어서의 복수의 광속의 집광 위치의 어긋남이 억제된다. The laser light from the light source unit 4 is guided to the irradiation surface 320 along the optical axis J1 of the irradiation optical system 5. [ The split lens portion 62 of the irradiation optical system 5 has a plurality of elliptic lenses for splitting incident light and the optical path length difference generation portion 61 has a plurality of light projecting portions having different optical path lengths. A plurality of light beams passing through the plurality of element lenses are respectively incident on the plurality of light projecting portions. The light condensing section 63 overlaps the irradiation area 50 of the plurality of light beams on the irradiation surface. When viewed along the arrangement direction of the element lenses, a plurality of light beams are incident on the light collecting portion as parallel light. The condensing unit includes a diverging lens 631 for diverging the parallel light in the Y direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction and a converging lens 633 for condensing the light from the diverging lens on the irradiation surface. As a result, the design of shortening the focal length in the Y direction of the light collecting portion is easily realized, and the deviation of the light converging positions of the plurality of light beams on the irradiation surface is suppressed.