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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
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Применить Всего найдено 3742. Отображено 100.
05-01-2012 дата публикации

Optical Element and Method of Producing the Same

Номер: US20120002286A1
Автор: Yohei TANIKAWA
Принадлежит: Olympus Corp

Provided is an optical element including a substrate; a plurality of pillars arranged on the surface of the substrate at a pitch equal to or less than the wavelength of incident light; a medium filling gaps between the pillars, the medium having a refractive index different from that of the pillars; and a film-like portion disposed at a position where it covers the entirety of a light-incident surface formed of at least one of the surface of the substrate, the tip surfaces of the pillars, and the surface of the medium, the film-like portion having a refractive index different from that of the pillars. The film-like portion has a film thickness such that it exhibits a reflection-preventing function realized by interference, and the volume ratio of the pillars to the medium changes in a direction along the surface of the substrate.

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Номер записи: 1
09-02-2012 дата публикации

Two dimensional encoder system and method

Номер: US20120032067A1
Автор: Daniel Gene Smith, Eric Peter Goodwin
Принадлежит: Nikon Corp

An encoder system and method are provided, that is designed to improve 2D encoder systems and methods in areas such as accuracy, compactness, stability, resolution, and/or light efficiency. Moreover, the system and method of this invention provides a new concept in a retroreflector that while particularly useful in applicants' system and method, is believed to have more general utility in optical imaging systems and methods.

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Номер записи: 2
08-03-2012 дата публикации

Dual field of view refractive optical system with external pupil and internal stabilization

Номер: US20120057223A1
Автор: Lacy G. Cook
Принадлежит: Raytheon Co

Various embodiments provide an optical system including a first lens group including a plurality of lenses, the first lens group being configured to correct for lateral chromatic aberration; and a second lens group including a plurality of lenses, the second lens group being configured to correct for axial chromatic aberration, the second lens group being disposed adjacent the first lens group. The optical system further includes a detector disposed behind the second lens group; a mechanism for switching a configuration of the optical system between a narrow field of view (NFOV) configuration and a wide field of view (WFOV) configuration; and a ray path steering system disposed in front of the first lens group, the ray path steering system comprising a pair of counter-rotating grisms configured to enhance a field of regard of the optical system. The optical system also includes a stabilization system configured to suppress image jitter, the stabilization system including a mechanism for decentering at least one lens in the first lens group or in the second lens group orthogonal to an optical axis of the optical system. A pupil of the optical system is located external to the first and second lens groups for location of a cold shield within a cryo-vac Dewar enclosing the detector.

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Номер записи: 3
09-08-2012 дата публикации

Organic-inorganic composite resin composition, organic-inorganic composite resin material, optical element, and stacked diffraction optical element

Номер: US20120200925A1
Автор: Hidefumi Iwasa, Hideo Ukuda
Принадлежит: Canon Inc

Provided are an organic-inorganic composite resin composition and an organic-inorganic composite resin material made of a cured product thereof, containing at least an organic compound having a polymerizable functional group, metal oxide fine particles, and a polymerization initiator. The cured product obtained by curing the organic-inorganic composite resin composition through application of an active energy has a refractive index nd of 1.61 or more and 1.65 or less, Abbe's number νd of 13 or more and 20 or less, and an anomalous dispersion characteristic θg,F of 0.42 or more and 0.54 or less. Further provided is an optical element comprising a transparent substrate and the organic-inorganic composite resin material formed on the transparent substrate.

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Номер записи: 4
29-11-2012 дата публикации

Diffraction-grating lens, and imaging optical system and imaging device using said diffraction-grating lens

Номер: US20120300301A1
Автор: Takamasa Ando, Tsuguhiro Korenaga
Принадлежит: Panasonic Corp

An imaging optical system according to the present invention includes: at least one diffraction grating lens with a diffraction grating that is made up of q diffraction ring zones; and a stop. A surface of the at least one diffraction grating lens that has the diffraction grating is a lens surface that is located closest to the stop. Supposing the respective widths of diffraction ring zones that are located first, second, (m−1) th and m th closest to the optical axis of the optical system are identified by P 1 , P 2 , P m-1 and P m , at least one m that falls within the range 3<m≦q satisfies the following Inequality (3): k = ( 1 P m - 1 · P m - 1 - P m P m - 1 · P m ) ( 1 P 1 · P 1 - P 2 P 1 · P 2 ) > 1.6 ( 3 )

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Номер записи: 5
29-11-2012 дата публикации

High Resolution Label-Free Sensor

Номер: US20120301914A1
Автор: Elizabeth Tran, John Stephen PEANASKY, QI Wu, Vitor Marino Schneider
Принадлежит: Corning Inc

An optical sensor for label-independent detection, having improved spatial resolution and reduced angular sensitivity, the sensor including: a substrate; a waveguide grating adjacent the substrate; and a waveguide coat layer adjacent or over the waveguide grating, the waveguide coat layer having a thickness (W) of from 30 nm to 300 nm, the waveguide grating having a teeth height (H) of from 0.2×W to 1×W, and for example, a waveguide core thickness (W core =W−H) from 5 nm to 50 nm. Also disclosed is a well-plate article, a well-plate reader system, and methods of using the well-plate and sensor articles, as defined herein.

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Номер записи: 6
14-03-2013 дата публикации

OBJECTIVE LENS, OPTICAL HEAD, OPTICAL DISK DEVICE, AND INFORMATION PROCESSING DEVICE

Номер: US20130064057A1
Автор: Asada Junichi, KAJINO Osamu, Komma Yoshiaki, Shiroiwa Hiroshi, Tanaka Toshiyasu, Terahara Noriaki, Yamasaki Fumitomo
Принадлежит:

A disclosed objective lens includes: a lens having an entrance surface and an emission surface; and an anti-reflection coat formed on the emission surface, wherein a transmittance T [%] of the anti-reflection coat when an incident angle of a first laser beam having a first wavelength λ (390 nm≦λ≦430 nm) is 0°, and the transmittance T [%] of the anti-reflection coat when the incident angle of the first laser beam is 40° satisfy 0.95≦T/T≦1.05, and a transmittance T [%] of the anti-reflection coat when an incident angle of a second laser beam having a second wavelength λ (630 nm≦λ≦680 nm) is 0° and a transmittance T [%] of the anti-reflection coat when the incident angle of the second laser beam is 40° satisfy 0.85≦T/T≦0.97. 1. An objective lens made from synthetic resin , that converges a laser beam emitted from a laser light source onto an information recording surface of an information recording medium , the objective lens comprising:a lens having a first surface facing the laser light source and a second surface facing the information recording medium; andan anti-reflection coat formed on the second surface, wherein{'b': 1', '1', '1', '2', '2', '2', '2', '1, 'the lens converges a first laser beam having a first wavelength λ (390 nm≦λ≦430 nm) that transmits through an area, of which radius from an optical axis of the objective lens is R, of the first surface, onto an information recording surface of a first information recording medium, and converges a second laser beam having a second wavelength λ (630 nm≦λ≦680 nm) that transmits through an area, of which radius from the optical axis of the objective lens is R (R Подробнее

Номер записи: 7
04-04-2013 дата публикации

Optical elements, method of replicating optical elements, particularly on a wafer level, and optical devices

Номер: US20130083397A1
Автор: Alan Kathman, Brian Harden, Michael Feldman
Принадлежит: DigitalOptics Corp East

Integrated multiple optical elements may be formed by bonding substrates containing such optical elements together or by providing optical elements on either side of the wafer substrate. The wafer is subsequently diced to obtain the individual units themselves. The optical elements may be formed lithographically, directly, or using a lithographically generated master to emboss the elements. Alignment features facilitate the efficient production of such integrated multiple optical elements, as well as post creation processing thereof on the wafer level.

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Номер записи: 8
25-04-2013 дата публикации

TRANSMISSION TYPE OPTICAL ELEMENT, LIGHTING ARRANGEMENT, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING

Номер: US20130100656A1
Автор: Kalima Valtteri
Принадлежит: NANOCOMP OY LTD

A transmission type optical element () comprises a surface relief micro-grating () for guiding light () propagating through the optical element. According to the present invention, at least a portion () of the thickness of the optical element () is formed of a colored material () so as to make the optical element colored. 11059135104. A transmission type optical element () comprising a surface relief micro-grating ( , ) for guiding light () propagating through the optical element , characterized in that at least a portion () of the thickness of the optical element () is formed of a colored material () so as to make the optical element colored.21010. An optical element () according to claim 1 , wherein the optical element () is formed as a thin film structure having a thickness of less than or equal to 1 mm.310101593. An optical element () according to claim 1 , wherein the optical element () comprises an optically clear base layer () and an overlaying layer () lying on the base layer claim 1 , the micro-grating () being formed on the surface of the overlying layer opposite to the surface facing towards the base layer claim 1 , the overlaying layer material comprising color agent () so as to make the optical element colored.4111210131010. A lighting arrangement () comprising a light generating element () and a lens () for redistributing the light () emitted by the light generating element claim 1 , characterized in that the lens () comprises an optical element () according to .51112. A lighting arrangement () according to claim 4 , wherein the light generating element comprises a light emitting diode LED ().611121314. A lighting arrangement () according to claim 4 , wherein the light generating element () is configured to produce white light () claim 4 , and the thickness of the portion of the optical element formed of a colored material and the color intensity of this portion are selected to preserve the color of light () redistributed by the lens white.7111211. A ...

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Номер записи: 9
16-05-2013 дата публикации

Optical pattern projection

Номер: US20130120841A1
Автор: Alexander Shpunt, Benny Pesach
Принадлежит: PRIMESENSE LTD

Optical apparatus includes first and second diffractive optical elements (DOEs) arranged in series to diffract an input beam of radiation. The first DOE is configured to apply to the input beam a pattern with a specified divergence angle, while the second DOE is configured to split the input beam into a matrix of output beams with a specified fan-out angle. The divergence and fan-out angles are chosen so as to project the radiation onto a region in space in multiple adjacent instances of the pattern.

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Номер записи: 10
13-06-2013 дата публикации

Method for designing and method for manufacturing diffraction-grating lens

Номер: US20130145608A1
Автор: Takamasa Ando, Tsuguhiro Korenaga
Принадлежит: Panasonic Corp

A method for designing a diffraction grating lens of the present invention is a method for designing a diffraction grating lens having a diffraction grating composed of a plurality of diffraction zones, the method including the steps of: (a) determining widths of the plurality of diffraction zones; and (b) determining an aspherical coefficient of a diffraction surface on which the diffraction grating is provided while the determined widths of the plurality of diffraction zones are fixed, after the step (a).

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Номер записи: 11
11-07-2013 дата публикации

Infrared detector comprising a package integrating at least one diffraction grating

Номер: US20130175449A1
Автор: Jerome Favier
Принадлежит: Ulis SAS

The infrared detector includes a sensitive retina capable of detecting a radiation in the wavelength range between 8 and 14 micrometers; and a package containing the sensitive retina and including a window located opposite to the retina, said window comprising a substrate at least partially transparent in the wavelength range between 2 and 14 micrometers; and a set of optical filters formed on the window to attenuate an incident radiation on the retina in a wavelength range between 2 and 8 micrometers, and respectively an optical filter formed on a first surface of the window and attenuating the incident radiation in a first interval of the wavelength range between 2 and 8 micrometers, and a periodic diffraction grating formed on a second surface of the window and attenuating the incident radiation in a second interval of the wavelength range between 2 and 8 micrometers, different from the first interval.

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Номер записи: 12
05-09-2013 дата публикации

SPECTROMETRIC OPTICAL SYSTEM AND SPECTROMETER

Номер: US20130229653A1
Автор: Dowaki Suguru, TANAKA Eiichi, Tatsuta Hirokazu
Принадлежит: SONY CORPORATION

There is provided a spectrometric optical system, comprising a reflection member having a concave surface formed along a first circle, a diffraction grating having an edge part and a convex surface formed along a second circle disposed concentrically with the first circle, on which the light reflected at the concave surface of the reflection member is incident, and an input element disposed at a predetermined position to the reflection member and the diffraction grating such that a diffracted light, emitted from the diffraction grating, having a wavelength region of not less than 600 nm to not more than 1100 nm, and reflected at the concave surface, passes between the input light input to the spectrometric optical system and the edge part of the diffraction grating. 1. A spectrometric optical system , comprising:a reflection member having a concave surface formed along a first circle;a diffraction grating having an edge part and a convex surface formed along a second circle disposed concentrically with the first circle, on which the light reflected at the concave surface of the reflection member is incident; andan input element disposed at a predetermined position to the reflection member and the diffraction grating such that a diffracted light, emitted from the diffraction grating, having a wavelength region of not less than 600 nm to not more than 1100 nm, and reflected at the concave surface, passes between the input light input to the spectrometric optical system and the edge part of the diffraction grating.2. The spectrometric optical system according to claim 1 , whereinthe diffraction grating has a principal point that is intersected with a first axis perpendicular to a center axis that is a common axis of the first circle and the second circle.3. The spectrometric optical system according to claim 2 , whereinthe diffraction grating emits a diffracted light at an emission angle smaller than an incident angle of the light reflected on the concave surface to ...

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Номер записи: 13
10-10-2013 дата публикации

LIGHT ACQUISITION SHEET AND ROD, AND LIGHT RECEIVING DEVICE AND LIGHT EMITTING DEVICE EACH USING THE LIGHT ACQUISITION SHEET OR ROD

Номер: US20130264470A1
Автор: Nishiwaki Seiji
Принадлежит: Panasonic Corporation

A light-trapping sheet of the present invention includes: a light-transmitting sheet having first and second principal surfaces; and a plurality of light-coupling structures arranged in an inner portion of the light-transmitting sheet at a first distance or more and a second distance or more from the first and second principal surfaces, respectively, wherein: each of the plurality of light-coupling structures includes a first light-transmitting layer, a second light-transmitting layer, and a third light-transmitting layer arranged therebetween; a refractive index of the first and second light-transmitting layers is smaller than a refractive index of the light-transmitting sheet ; a refractive index of the third light-transmitting layer is larger than the refractive index of the first and second light-transmitting layers; and the third light-transmitting layer has a diffraction grating parallel to the first and second principal surfaces of the light-transmitting sheet. 1. A light-trapping sheet comprising:a light-transmitting sheet having first and second principal surfaces; anda plurality of light-coupling structures arranged in an inner portion of the light-transmitting sheet, the inner portion being located at a first distance or more and a second distance or more from the first and second principal surfaces, respectively, wherein:each of the plurality of light-coupling structures includes a first light-transmitting layer, a second light-transmitting layer, and a third light-transmitting layer arranged therebetween;refractive indecies of the first and second light-transmitting layers are smaller than a refractive index of the light-transmitting sheet;a refractive index of the third light-transmitting layer is larger than the refractive indecies of the first and second light-transmitting layers; andthe third light-transmitting layer has a diffraction grating parallel to the first and second principal surfaces of the light-transmitting sheet.2. The light-trapping ...

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Номер записи: 14
17-10-2013 дата публикации

OPTICAL DEVICE USING DOUBLE-GROOVE GRATING

Номер: US20130271838A1
Автор: ENGHETA NADER, IIZUKA Hideo
Принадлежит:

Optical devices using double-groove diffraction gratings having periodic sets of TiOelements on one or more surfaces of an SiOsubstrate are disclosed. First order components of incident polarized light coupled into the substrate are reflected so as to propagate through the substrate to terminus points where they either change direction for further propagation or exit the substrate. A windshield display system using the principles of the invention is disclosed. 1. An optical device comprising:a light transmitting substrate having opposite sides and in a medium which creates diffraction boundaries coextensive with said sides;a first diffraction grating defining an entrance for normal coherent light and effective to couple at least one first order component of said light into the substrate at an angle which is greater than the critical angle of the substrate boundary thereby to cause propagation of said at least one first order component through the substrate to multiple reflections; anda second diffraction grating defining a terminus, said second diffraction grating being of a double groove character wherein the order of the elements making up the double groove character is selected to reflect a propagating light component back into the substrate.2. The optical device of wherein the elements making up the double groove character have a rectangular shape and are of a dielectric material.3. The optical device of wherein the entrance and reflective terminus are on opposite sides of the substrate.4. The optical device of wherein the entrance and terminus areas are separated by at least two reflections of the propagated first order component.5. The optical device of wherein the first diffraction grating is also a double groove grating whereby substantially only one of the first order components is coupled into the substrate.6. The optical device of wherein the diffraction grating at the terminus is a double groove refraction grating causing the propagating light to be ...

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Номер записи: 15
21-11-2013 дата публикации

LIGHT-TRAPPING SHEET, AND LIGHT-RECEIVING DEVICE AND LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICE USING THE SAME

Номер: US20130306844A1
Автор: Nishiwaki Seiji, WAKABAYASHI Shinichi
Принадлежит: Panasonic Corporation

A light-trapping sheet of the present disclosure includes: a plurality of light-transmitting sheets each having first and second principal surfaces; and a plurality of light-coupling structures arranged in an inner portion of each of the plurality of light-transmitting sheets at a first and second distance from the first and second principal surfaces, respectively. Each of the plurality of light-coupling structures includes a first light-transmitting layer, a second light-transmitting layer, and a third light-transmitting layer sandwiched therebetween. A refractive index of the first and second light-transmitting layers is smaller than a refractive index of the light-transmitting sheet; and a refractive index of the third light-transmitting layer is larger than the refractive index of the first and second light-transmitting layers. The third light-transmitting layer has a diffraction grating parallel to the first and second principal surfaces of the light-transmitting sheet. 1. A light-trapping sheet comprising:a plurality of light-transmitting sheets each having first and second principal surfaces; anda plurality of light-coupling structures arranged in an inner portion of each of the plurality of light-transmitting sheets at a first and second distance from the first and second principal surfaces, respectively, wherein:each of the plurality of light-coupling structures includes a first light-transmitting layer, a second light-transmitting layer, and a third light-transmitting layer sandwiched therebetween; anda refractive index of the first and second light-transmitting layers is smaller than a refractive index of the light-transmitting sheet; a refractive index of the third light-transmitting layer is larger than the refractive index of the first and second light-transmitting layers; and the third light-transmitting layer has a diffraction grating parallel to the first and second principal surfaces of the light-transmitting sheet.2. The light-trapping sheet of ...

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Номер записи: 16
09-01-2014 дата публикации

Lens with an Out-Coupling Element

Номер: US20140009833A1
Автор: Juhola Mikko, Parikka Marko, Saarikko Pasi
Принадлежит: Nokia Corporation

A lens including: a central refracting portion and a peripheral portion configured to support the lens in a lens mount wherein the peripheral portion has a surface including at least one out-coupling element configured to couple light out of the lens. 1. A lens comprising:a central refracting portion anda peripheral portion configured to support the lens in a lens mountwherein the peripheral portion has a surface comprising at least one out-coupling element configured to couple light out of the lens.2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising at least one light absorbing element positioned to absorb light coupled out of the lens by the out-coupling element.3. A lens as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the out-coupling element is a diffraction arrangement.4. A lens as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the diffraction arrangement is a periodic arrangement of elements and wherein the periodicity is selected to enable visible light to be coupled out of the lens material.5. A lens as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the diffraction arrangement is a periodic arrangement of elements and wherein the periodicity is selected to enable visible light to be propagated from the lens material at a first transmitted diffraction order but not a second transmitted diffraction order.6. A lens as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the diffraction arrangement is a periodic arrangement of elements and wherein the periodicity is selected to prevent visible light at reflected diffraction orders other than the zeroth reflected diffraction order being subsequently totally internally reflected.7. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the out-coupling element is annular.8. An apparatus as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the out-coupling element is an integrated portion of an annular flange of the lens.9. A lens as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the out-coupling element is a diffraction grating.10. A lens as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the diffraction grating is a transmission diffraction ...

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Номер записи: 17
10-04-2014 дата публикации

Conductive laminate body, touch panel, and display device

Номер: US20140098307A1
Автор: Kazuchika Iwami
Принадлежит: Fujifilm Corp

This present invention pertains to: a conductive laminate body, a touch panel, and a display device. In the present invention, the relative refractive index of a substrate with respect to a first protective sheet, and/or the relative refractive index of the substrate with respect to a second protective sheet is 0.86-1.15. The relative refractive index of a first substrate with respect to the first protective sheet, and/or the relative refractive index of a second substrate with respect to the second protective sheet is 0.86-1.15.

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Номер записи: 18
04-01-2018 дата публикации

Optical information medium

Номер: US20180001691A1
Автор: Kazuhiro Yashiki, Satoshi Harada
Принадлежит: Toppan Printing Co Ltd

The object of the present invention is to provide an optical information medium having a colored glossy effect which is single- or multi-colored in regions where a reflective layer is present, but colorless in regions where the reflective layer is absent. The optical information medium of the present invention includes a bonding part (receiving layer), at least one image part, and an adhesive layer (protective layer) covering the at least one image part, wherein each of the image part includes a micro-protrusion/depression structure including part having a micro-protrusion/depression structure on at least a part of the surface opposite to the bonding part, a reflective layer, and a mask layer, in the order from the bonding part (receiving layer), the micro-protrusion/depression structure including part is colorless or colored in one or more translucent or opaque color, and at least one of the micro-protrusion/depression structure including part of the image part is colored in one or more translucent or opaque color.

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Номер записи: 19
01-01-2015 дата публикации

Lighting Devices With Patterned Printing of Diffractive Extraction Features

Номер: US20150003106A1
Автор: Jones Vivian W., Stay Matthew S., Thompson David S., Yang Zhaohui
Принадлежит:

Extended area lighting devices include a light guide and diffractive surface features on a major surface of the light guide, at least some diffractive surface features adapted to couple guided-mode light out of the light guide. The diffractive features include first and second diffractive features disposed on respective first and second portions of the major surface. A patterned light transmissive layer, including a second light transmissive medium, optically contacts the second diffractive features but not the first diffractive features. A first light transmissive medium optically contacts the first but not the second diffractive features. The first and second portions may define indicia, and the first and second diffractive features provide low distortion for viewing objects through the light guide such that the indicia is not readily apparent to users when guided-mode light does not propagate within the light guide. Optical films having such diffractive features are also disclosed. 1. A lighting device , comprising:a light guide having a first major surface, the first major surface having first and second diffractive surface features formed in first and second portions thereof respectively, at least one of the first and second diffractive surface features adapted to couple guided-mode light out of the light guide; anda patterned light transmissive layer in optical contact with the second diffractive surface features but not the first diffractive surface features, the patterned layer comprising a second light transmissive medium;a first light transmissive medium in optical contact with the first diffractive surface features but not the second diffractive surface features;wherein the first and second light transmissive media have different first and second refractive indices respectively at a visible wavelength; andwherein the light guide is non-flat.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the light guide is simply curved.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the light ...

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Номер записи: 20
05-01-2017 дата публикации

DIFFRACTIVE OPTICAL ELEMENTS WITH GRADED EDGES

Номер: US20170003504A1
Автор: Levola Tapani, Mattila Marco, Sainiemi Lauri, Vallius Tuomas
Принадлежит:

In an optical system that includes a waveguide with multiple diffractive optical elements (DOEs) incorporating diffraction gratings, light exiting a trailing edge of an upstream DOE enters a leading edge of a downstream DOE. One or more of the DOEs may include a leading and/or a trailing edge that have a graded profile. At a graded trailing edge of an upstream DOE, grating height smoothly decreases from full height to shallow height as a function of the proximity to the trailing edge. At a graded leading edge of the downstream DOE grating height smoothly increases from shallow height to full height as a function of distance away from the leading edge. By reducing a sharp boundary at the interface between the upstream and downstream DOEs, the graded profiles of the DOE edges enable optical resolution to be maintained decreasing sensitivity to misalignment between the DOEs that may occur during manufacturing. 1. An optical system , comprising:a substrate of optical material;a first diffractive optical element (DOE) disposed on the substrate and configured as an in-coupling grating to receive, as an input, one or more optical beams that propagate in the first DOE and exit at a trailing edge of the first DOE; and in which the trailing edge of the first DOE is located on the substrate at an interface with the second DOE, wherein the one or more optical beams exiting at the trailing edge, enter a leading edge of the second DOE, and', 'wherein the trailing edge and leading edge are graded so that a grating height of each of the first DOE and the second DOE increases as a function of distance from the interface., 'a second DOE disposed on the substrate and configured for pupil expansion of the one or more optical beams along a first direction,'}2. The optical system of further including a third DOE disposed on the substrate and configured for pupil expansion of the optical beams along a second direction claim 1 , and further configured as an out-coupling grating to couple ...

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Номер записи: 21
05-01-2017 дата публикации

DIFFRACTIVE OPTICAL ELEMENTS WITH ASYMMETRIC PROFILES

Номер: US20170003505A1
Автор: Sainiemi Lauri, Vallius Tuomas
Принадлежит:

In an optical display system that includes a waveguide with multiple diffractive optical elements (DOEs), gratings in one or more of the DOEs may have an asymmetric profile in which gratings may be slanted or blazed. Asymmetric gratings in a DOE can provide increased display uniformity in the optical display system by reducing the “banding” resulting from optical interference that is manifested as dark stripes in the display. Banding may be more pronounced when polymeric materials are used in volume production of the DOEs to minimize system weight, but which have less optimal optical properties compared with other materials such as glass. The asymmetric gratings can further enable the optical system to be more tolerant to variations—such as variations in thickness, surface roughness, and grating geometry—that may not be readily controlled during manufacturing particularly since such variations are in the submicron range. 1. An optical system , comprising:a substrate of optical material;a first diffractive optical element (DOE) disposed on the substrate, the first DOE having an input surface and configured as an in-coupling grating to receive one or more optical beams as an input; and 'wherein at least a portion of the second DOE includes gratings that are configured with a predetermined slant angle to a direction orthogonal to a plane of the substrate.', 'a second DOE disposed on the substrate and configured for pupil expansion of the one or more optical beams along a first direction,'}2. The optical system of further including a third DOE disposed on the substrate claim 1 , the third DOE having an output surface and configured for pupil expansion of the one or more optical beams along a second direction claim 1 , and further configured as an out-coupling grating to couple claim 1 , as an output from the output surface claim 1 , one or more optical beams with expanded pupil relative to the input.3. The optical system of in which at least a portion of the third DOE ...

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Номер записи: 22
07-01-2016 дата публикации

DISPLAY

Номер: US20160003990A1
Автор: HAYASHI Takayoshi, SHINODA Koichi, TSUKAHARA Toshiyuki
Принадлежит: TOPPAN PRINTING CO., LTD.

A display includes a transparent base having one surface on which a structure-forming layer, a light reflection layer and a protective layer are sequentially laminated. The light reflection layer reflects part of the incident light, while transmitting therethrough the rest of the light. The structure-forming layer includes a plurality of structure areas, and each of the plurality of structure areas is formed of a concavo-convex structure. 1. A display , comprising:a transparent base having one surface on which a structure-forming layer, a light reflection layer, and a protective layer are sequentially laminated,with the light reflection layer reflecting a part of light passing therethrough, while transmitting therethrough another part of the light; andthe structure-forming layer includes a plurality of structure areas that are formed of a concavo-convex structure.2. The display of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of structure areas are configured to have differences in at least one of the following parameters: height claim 1 , cycle claim 1 , width of convexity claim 1 , and width of concavity of the concavo-convex structure claim 1 , so that light transmitted through the plurality of structure areas has different dominant wavelengths.3. The display of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of structure areas are configured to display at least one image claim 1 , selected from mutually different designs claim 1 , letters claim 1 , and numerals.4. The display of claim 1 , wherein the structure-forming layer includes a non-structure area where no concavo-convex structure is formed claim 1 , with the structure area having a transmittance of more than about 20% and the non-structure area having a transmittance of not more than about 20%.5. The display of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of structure areas includes concavo-convex structures having different heights.6. The display of claim 1 , wherein the concavo-convex structure includes two kinds of different structures claim 1 ...

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Номер записи: 23
07-01-2016 дата публикации

INTEGRATED FILTER AND GRATING IN AN AIMING SIGHT

Номер: US20160003996A1
Автор: DEHMLOW Brian Paul, RYZI Zbynek, VENTOLA David Edwin
Принадлежит: L-3 Communications Corporation, Warrior Systems Division - EOTech

A holographic sight is provided having a housing that includes a plurality of holograph sight components. A laser diode mounted in the housing is configured to emit a laser light beam. The light beam is transmitted to an integrated diffraction grating and filter unit which includes a grating and a filter in a single device. The diffraction grating has a grating surface for diffracting the light beam and also diffracting unwanted ambient light transmitted into the housing. The filter is an optical filter contacting at least a portion of the grating. The optical filter is adapted to absorb at least one wavelength of the ambient light to inhibit the ambient light from diffracting into a visible spectrum that might otherwise be viewable to a user looking into the holographic sight. 1. A holographic weapons sight comprising:a reticle image hologram; and a base substrate,', 'a transparent substrate spaced from the base substrate,', 'a first epoxy between the substrates and contacting the base substrate, wherein the first epoxy includes an outer surface having a series of surface features molded thereon,', 'a reflective coating contacting the outer surface of the first epoxy and configured to diffract light toward the hologram, and', 'a dyed epoxy between the reflective coating and the transparent substrate, wherein the dyed epoxy is adapted to inhibit at least a portion of the light from reflecting to the hologram., 'an integrated grating and filter device containing2. The holographic weapons sight of wherein the surface features claim 1 , the reflective coating claim 1 , and the dyed epoxy each include a series of ridges and grooves claim 1 , wherein the ridges and grooves of the reflective coating contact the ridges and grooves of both the transparent epoxy and the dyed epoxy.3. The holographic weapons sight of wherein the dyed epoxy is dyed red and is adapted to inhibit light having a wavelength of approximately less than 575 nm from passing through the dyed epoxy.4. ...

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Номер записи: 24
07-01-2016 дата публикации

GEODETIC INSTRUMENT WITH DIFFRACTIVE OPTICAL ELEMENTS

Номер: US20160004073A1
Автор: KIPFER Peter, Lais Josef
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a geodetic instrument, in particular a geodetic telescope, for example for a theodolite, or geodetic overview, photogrammetry or axial camera, comprising an imaging optical system which defines an optical axis and comprises an observation beam path for imaging a target object by an eyepiece and/or on a camera sensor, for registering and/or providing an image of the sighted target object. According to the invention, the imaging optical system comprises at least two diffractive optical elements in the observation beam path. 115-. (canceled)16. A geodetic telescope for a theodolite or total station , a leveling device or a laser scanner , comprising:an imaging optical system which defines an optical axis and comprises an observation beam path for imaging a sighted target object on an intermediate image plane observable by an eyepiece and/or on a camera sensor for providing and/or registering an image of the sighted target object, wherein:the imaging optical system has at least two diffractive optical elements in the observation beam path.17. The geodetic telescope according to claim 16 , wherein:at least one of the at least two diffractive optical elements is embodied as a hybrid lens made of a refractive lens with a diffractive structure.18. The geodetic telescope according to claim 16 , wherein:at least one of the at least two diffractive optical elements is embodied as a hybrid lens made of a aspherical lens or spherical lens with a diffractive structure.19. The geodetic telescope according to claim 16 , wherein:the at least two diffractive optical elements is formed from glass, plastic or combinations of glass and plastic and/or are produced by replication technology.20. The geodetic telescope according to claim 16 , wherein: the objective assembly comprises a first one of the at least two diffractive optical elements as a diffractive objective component, and', 'the focusing member contains a second one of the at least two diffractive ...

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Номер записи: 25
07-01-2016 дата публикации

Adjustable Lens and Article of Eyewear

Номер: US20160004102A1
Автор: Nisper Jon, Stevens Robert Edward
Принадлежит:

An adjustable fluid-filled lens having a rear surface, a front surface, and a body of fluid between the front and rear surfaces. The lens incorporates a diffractive pattern within the fluid. 1. An adjustable fluid-filled lens comprising:a rear surface;a front surface; anda body of fluid therebetween, wherein the lens incorporates a diffractive pattern within the fluid.2. The adjustable fluid-filled lens as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the diffractive pattern is disposed either at an interface between the lens and the fluid or is supported in the fluid spaced apart from the front and rear surfaces.3. The adjustable fluid-filled lens as claimed in claim 1 ,wherein the front surface comprises an elastic or viscoelastic membrane held around its edge by a supporting member, the membrane being spaced apart from the rear surface, and wherein the pressure of the fluid is adjustable for adjusting the shape of the membrane to thereby vary the power of the lens to focus the first image.4. The adjustable fluid-filled lens as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the lens is operable to focus a first image of an object viewed through the lens in a first region of the lens and wherein the diffractive pattern is operable to focus a second image projected onto the diffractive pattern in an overlapping region of the lens.5. The adjustable fluid-filled lens as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the rear surface is defined by a rear cover on which the diffractive pattern is disposed.6. The adjustable fluid-filled lens as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the supporting member and the rear cover are flexibly joined together around their edges to form a sealed envelope in which the fluid is contained.7. The adjustable fluid-filled lens as claimed in claim 5 , further comprising an envelope in which the fluid is contained claim 5 , one wall of the envelope defining said front surface claim 5 , wherein the rear face comprises another wall of the envelope claim 5 , the wall being fixedly attached to the rear ...

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Номер записи: 26
07-01-2021 дата публикации

HOMOGENIZER, ILLUMINATING OPTICAL SYSTEM, AND ILLUMINATOR

Номер: US20210003911A1
Автор: KOYANAGI Atsushi, ONO Kensuke, OOI (Deceased) Yoshiharu, TASHIMA Koichi
Принадлежит: AGC Inc.

A homogenizer includes a convex-lens array pair including a first convex-lens array disposed on a light entrance side and a second convex-lens array disposed on a light emission side. The first convex-lens array and the second convex-lens array are disposed so as to face each other such that each of the convex-lens arrays has a lens surface opposed to each other outward or inward. The first convex-lens array includes a plurality of first convex lenses in an array arrangement. The second convex-lens array includes a plurality of second convex lenses in an array arrangement. The first convex lens has an average internal transmission angle for incident light entering a lens-surface center region in the lens cross-section and being in parallel with the symmetry axis being equal to or more than 1.3 times an average internal transmission angle of a spherical convex lens. 1. A homogenizer comprising a convex-lens array pair including a first convex-lens array disposed on a light entrance side and a second convex-lens array disposed on a light emission side ,wherein the first convex-lens array and the second convex-lens array are disposed so as to face each other such that each of the convex-lens arrays has a lens surface opposed to each other outward or inward,wherein the first convex-lens array includes a plurality of first convex lenses having a same shape which are disposed in an array arrangement on one surface,wherein the second convex-lens array includes a plurality of second convex lenses having a same shape which are disposed in an array arrangement on one surface,wherein the first convex lenses and the second convex lenses form convex-lens pairs in each of which the first convex lens and the second convex lens face each other and have a common symmetry axis,wherein the first convex lens, in a lens cross-section including the symmetry axis, has an average internal transmission angle for incident light entering a lens-surface center region in the lens cross-section ...

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Номер записи: 27
13-01-2022 дата публикации

DISPLAY

Номер: US20220011481A1
Автор: KUBOTA MASASHI
Принадлежит: TOPPAN PRINTING CO., LTD.

A display of the present invention includes a multilayer film and at least one reflective surface. The multilayer film includes a laminate of at least two dielectric layers having refractive indices different from each other, and the laminate has a first major surface and a second major surface. The laminate has at least one recess formed in the first major surface. At least one reflective surface which faces the second major surface of the laminate, and is configured to direct light in a visible range, which has entered the multilayer film and then emerged at an angle of emergence from the second major surface, to be incident on the second major surface at an angle of incidence which is different from the angle of emergence of the light. 1. A display , comprising:a multilayer film which includes a laminate of at least two dielectric layers having refractive indices different from each other, the laminate having a first major surface and a second major surface, the laminate having at least one recess formed in the first major surface; andat least one reflective surface which faces the second major surface of the laminate, and is configured to direct light in a visible range, which has entered the multilayer film and then emerged at an angle of emergence from the second major surface, to be incident on the second major surface at an angle of incidence which is different from the angle of emergence of the light.2. The display of claim 1 , wherein the at least one reflective surface includes a diffraction grating.3. The display of claim 1 , wherein the at least one recess includes a first recess and a second recess having depths different from each other.4. The display of claim 3 , wherein the at least one reflective surface includesa first reflective surface which has a first diffraction grating and a visible light transmissivity, and a second reflective surface which has a second diffraction grating having a grating constant different from that of the first ...

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Номер записи: 28
27-01-2022 дата публикации

Backlight module, liquid crystal display, and electronic device

Номер: US20220026766A1
Автор: Qibin Feng
Принадлежит: Hefei University of Technology

The present disclosure provides a backlight module, a liquid crystal display, and an electronic device. The backlight module includes: a backplane; at least one light source arranged on the backplane; and at least one diffractive optical element arranged above the light source, and a central axis of the diffractive optical element and a central axis of the light source are on a same straight line.

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Номер записи: 29
11-01-2018 дата публикации

Optical Arrangement for Spectral Decomposition of Light

Номер: US20180011334A1
Автор: Flügel-Paul Thomas, Harzendorf Torsten, Michaelis Dirk, Zeitner Uwe Detlef
Принадлежит:

An optical arrangement for spectral decomposition of light is disclosed. In an embodiment the optical arrangement includes a reflection diffraction grating, a first medium with a refractive index narranged on a light incidence side of the reflection diffraction grating; and a second medium with a refractive index narranged on a side of the reflection diffraction grating that faces away from the light incidence side, with n>n, wherein the optical arrangement is configured in such a way that light impinges on the reflection diffraction grating from the first medium at an angle of incidence α, wherein a condition sin(α)>n/nis satisfied, wherein the reflection diffraction grating comprises a layer system with at least one unstructured layer and at least one structured layer, wherein the at least one structured layer has a periodic structure with a period p in lateral direction, and wherein the period p meets the following conditions: p<λ/[n*sin(α)+n] and p>λ/[n*sin(α)+n]. 1. An optical arrangement for a spectral decomposition of light with wavelengths λ in a spectral range λ≦λ≦λ , the optical arrangement comprising:a reflection diffraction grating;{'sub': 'in', 'a first medium with a refractive index narranged on a light incidence side of the reflection diffraction grating; and'}{'sub': G', 'in', 'G, 'a second medium with a refractive index narranged on a side of the reflection diffraction grating that faces away from the light incidence side, with n>n,'}wherein the optical arrangement is configured in such a way that light impinges on the reflection diffraction grating from the first medium at an angle of incidence α,{'sub': G', 'in, 'wherein a condition sin(α)>n/nis satisfied,'}wherein the reflection diffraction grating comprises a layer system with at least one unstructured layer and at least one structured layer,wherein the at least one structured layer has a periodic structure with a period p in lateral direction, and [{'br': None, 'i': p<λ/[n', 'n, 'sub': in', 'G, ...

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Номер записи: 30
14-01-2021 дата публикации

DIFFRACTIVE OPTICAL ELEMENT AND DEVICE

Номер: US20210011206A1
Автор: An Jung Kwuen, CHOI Hyun Seok, HAN Sunghyun, KIM Beom Seok, Kim Ju Hyun, KIM Sung Dug, Lee Hong-seok, SONG Hoon
Принадлежит:

A diffractive optical element including a diffraction layer including a plurality of optical axes along an in-plane direction, wherein the diffraction layer includes an anisotropic material that satisfies one of Relationship Equations 1A to 3A 1. A diffractive optical element comprisinga diffraction layer comprising a plurality of optical axes along an in-plane direction, [{'br': None, 'sub': 1', '1', '1, 'Δn(450 nm)<Δn(550 nm)≤Δn(650 nm)\u2003\u2003Relationship Equation 1A'}, {'br': None, 'sub': 1', '1', '1, 'Δn(450 nm)≤Δn(550 nm)<Δn(650 nm)\u2003\u2003Relationship Equation 2A'}, {'br': None, 'sub': 1', '1', '1, 'Δn(450 nm)=Δn(550 nm)=Δn(650 nm)\u2003\u2003Relationship Equation 3A'}], 'wherein the diffraction layer comprises an anisotropic material that satisfies one of Relationship Equations 1A to 3Awherein, in Relationship Equations 1A to 3A,{'sub': '1', 'Δn(450 nm) is a birefringence of the anisotropic material at a wavelength of 450 nanometers,'}{'sub': '1', 'Δn(550 nm) is a birefringence of the anisotropic material at a wavelength of 550 nanometers, and'}{'sub': '1', 'Δn(650 nm) is a birefringence of the anisotropic material at a wavelength of 650 nanometers.'}2. The diffractive optical element of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of optical axes of the diffraction layer is configured to change periodically along the in-plane direction.3. The diffractive optical element of claim 1 , whereinthe diffraction layer comprises at least one grating pitch, andthe grating pitch is about 0.8 micrometers to about 10 micrometers.4. The diffractive optical element of claim 1 , whereinthe anisotropic material is a liquid crystal,the diffraction layer comprises a plurality of liquid crystals disposed in a thickness direction of the diffraction layer, andthe plurality of liquid crystals disposed in the thickness direction are not twisted in the in-plane direction of the diffraction layer.5. The diffractive optical element of claim 1 , wherein the anisotropic material has a ...

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Номер записи: 31
09-01-2020 дата публикации

IMAGE SENSOR UNIT AND IMAGE READING DEVICE

Номер: US20200014813A1
Автор: KUSAKA Satoru, TSUNETOMO Keiji
Принадлежит: NIPPON SHEET GLASS COMPANY, LIMITED

An image sensor unit includes: a linear light source that illuminates a document with a light; a first erecting equal-magnification lens array and a second erecting equal-magnification lens array arranged in the stated order away from the document so as to receive a light reflected from the document and form an erecting equal-magnification image; a slit provided on an intermediate imaging plane between the first erecting equal-magnification lens array and the second erecting equal-magnification lens array; a diffraction grating that disperses a light output from the second erecting equal-magnification lens array; and a linear image sensor that receives a light dispersed by the diffraction grating. 1. An image sensor unit comprising:a linear light source that illuminates a document with a light;a first erecting equal-magnification lens array and a second erecting equal-magnification lens array arranged in the stated order away from the document so as to receive a light reflected from the document and form an erecting equal-magnification image;a visual field restriction device provided on an intermediate imaging plane between the first erecting equal-magnification lens array and the second erecting equal-magnification lens array;a spectral device that disperses a light output from the second erecting equal-magnification lens array; anda linear image sensor that receives a light dispersed by the spectral device.2. The image sensor unit according to claim 1 , whereingiven that a direction of arrangement of single lenses forming the erecting equal-magnification lens arrays is defined as a main scanning direction and a direction perpendicular to the main scanning direction is defined as a sub-scanning direction, the visual field restriction device is configured to restrict a visual field on the intermediate imaging plane in the sub-scanning direction.3. The image sensor unit according to claim 2 , whereinthe visual field restriction device is comprised of a slit that ...

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Номер записи: 32
03-02-2022 дата публикации

SPATIAL FREQUENCY FILTER DEVICE FOR USE WITH A LASER BEAM, SPATIAL FREQUENCY FILTER ASSEMBLY HAVING SUCH A SPATIAL FREQUENCY FILTER DEVICE, AND METHOD FOR SPATIAL FREQUENCY FILTERING OF A LASER BEAM

Номер: US20220035083A1
Автор: Doerr Stefan, Flamm Daniel, Kumkar Malte
Принадлежит:

A spatial frequency filter device is for use with a laser beam. The device includes: a neutral region, which is configured to transmit or reflect the laser beam; and a deflecting region, which radially adjoins the neutral region and is configured to deflect beam components of the laser beam from a beam axis of the laser beam. The deflecting region has a constant portion, in which a deflecting effect on the beam components of the laser beam for each location in the constant portion is configured to be independent of a distance of a location from the neutral region. the deflecting region has a variation portion, in which the deflecting effect on the beam components of the laser beam is configured to vary, dependent on a distance from the neutral region. 1. A spatial frequency filter device for use with a laser beam , the spatial frequency filter device comprising:a neutral region, which is configured to transmit or reflect the laser beam; anda deflecting region, which radially adjoins the neutral region and is configured to deflect beam components of the laser beam from a beam axis of the laser beam,wherein the deflecting region has a constant portion, in which a deflecting effect on the beam components of the laser beam for each location in the constant portion is configured to be independent of a distance of a location from the neutral region, andwherein the deflecting region has a variation portion, in which the deflecting effect on the beam components of the laser beam is configured to vary, dependent on a distance from the neutral region.2. The spatial frequency filter device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the neutral region is arranged centrally and is surrounded by the deflecting region on an outside claim 1 , the variation portion being arranged between the neutral region and the constant portion.3. The spatial frequency filter device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein in the variation portion the deflecting effect on the beam components of the laser beam is ...

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Номер записи: 33
19-01-2017 дата публикации

SNAPSHOT SPECTRAL IMAGING BASED ON DIGITAL CAMERAS

Номер: US20170016768A1
Автор: Averbuch Amir, Golub Michael, NATHAN Menachem
Принадлежит:

Snapshot spectral imagers comprise an imaging lens, a dispersed image sensor and a restricted isometry property (RIP) diffuser inserted in the optical path between the source image and the image sensor. The imagers are used to obtain a plurality of spectral images of the source object in different spectral bands in a single shot. In some embodiments, the RIP diffuser is one dimensional. An optional disperser may be added in the optical path, to provide further dispersion at the image sensor. In some embodiments, all imager components except the RIP diffuser may be part of a digital camera, with the RIP diffuser added externally. In some embodiments, the RIP diffuser may be included internally in a digital camera. 1. A spectral imaging system , comprising:a) a first imaging lens;b) a first image sensor;c) a single phase transmitting diffractive optical element positioned in a first imaging path extending between a source object and the first image sensor through the first imaging lens, the single phase transmitting diffractive optical element designed to disperse light originating from the source object to form, in a single shot, a diffused-dispersed image of the source object on at least a part of the first image sensor; andd) a processor configured to process the diffused-dispersed image into a plurality of spectral images of the source object.2. The spectral imaging system of claim 1 , wherein the single phase transmitting diffractive optical element is positioned at a system aperture.3. The spectral imaging system of claim 1 , wherein the single phase transmitting diffractive optical element is positioned at a position closer to a system aperture than to the first image sensor.4. The spectral imaging system of claim 1 , wherein the single phase transmitting diffractive optical element is positioned at a position closer to an entrance pupil of the first imaging lens than to the first image sensor.5. The spectral imaging system of claim 1 , wherein the single phase ...

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Номер записи: 34
17-01-2019 дата публикации

Diffractive biosensor

Номер: US20190017938A1
Автор: Marco Schade, Michael Kugler, Wolfgang Holzapfel
Принадлежит: Dr Johannes Heidenhain GmbH

A diffractive biosensor for selective detection of biomolecules includes a substrate and a flat waveguide disposed on the substrate. The waveguide has an optical grating configured to couple incident light into the waveguide such that the light is guided through the waveguide to a detection region located behind an edge of the waveguide. The in-coupling efficiency and intensity of the light arriving in the detection region are dependent on a surface coverage of the optical grating with the biomolecules to be detected. The optical grating has receptors for the biomolecules periodically arranged on the waveguide. The light incident on the optical grating is collimated.

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Номер записи: 35
17-01-2019 дата публикации

NANO-GAP GRATING DEVICES WITH ENHANCED OPTICAL PROPERTIES AND METHODS OF FABRICATION

Номер: US20190018172A1
Автор: Basuray Sagnik, Bhatnagar Kunal, Cornish Peter, Gangopadhyay Keshab, Gangopadhyay Shubhra, Ghosh Arnab, Korampally Venu, Mathai Joseph, Menke Drew Edwin, Pathak Avinash, Wood Aaron
Принадлежит:

A method of producing a grating structure comprises the steps of forming a stamp from flexible plastic material, the stamp including a negative of a periodic grating pattern on a first surface; forming an ink by applying a polymer film to the stamp, the ink including a first surface and an opposing second surface, wherein the first surface of the ink contacts the first surface of the stamp such that the ink retains a positive of the periodic grating pattern; placing the ink and the stamp on a substrate such that the second surface of the ink contacts an upper surface of the substrate; and removing the stamp from the ink by applying a tensional force to one edge of the stamp. 1. A grating structure comprising: 'a first surface with a plurality of grating elements positioned adjacent one another, each grating element including a longitudinal tip, a longitudinal plateau, and a longitudinal nanogap, and', 'a base layer positioned on the substrate, the base layer including'}a contiguous first functional layer conformally covering the base layer producing an enhanced fluorescence of a sample,wherein the first functional layer includes a plurality of nanospurs forming a plurality of peaks abutting one another along the length of the longitudinal tip producing additional localized electromagnetic field enhancement.2. The grating structure of claim 1 , wherein the longitudinal nanogap has a width ranging from approximately 10 nm to approximately 30 nm and the longitudinal tip has a width ranging from approximately 10 nm to approximately 30 nm.3. The grating structure of claim 1 , wherein the first functional layer is metallic claim 1 , and wherein the first functional layer is approximately 100 nm thick.4. The grating structure of claim 1 , wherein the first functional layer is made of silver.5. The grating structure of claim 1 , wherein the first functional layer is made of a dielectric claim 1 , and wherein the first functional layer is between approximately 100 nm and ...

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Номер записи: 36
25-01-2018 дата публикации

Dual light guide grating-based backlight and electronic display using same

Номер: US20180024289A1
Автор: David A. Fattal
Принадлежит: Leia Inc

Dual light guide, grating-based backlighting redirects light guided in a first light guide in a first direction into a second light guide in a second direction of a grating-based backlight. A dual light guide, grating-based backlight includes the first light guide, the second light guide and a redirection coupler configured to redirect the guided light beam from the first light guide into the second light guide in the second direction. The dual light guide, grating-based backlight further includes a diffraction grating configured to diffractively couple out a portion of the redirected light beam from the second light guide as a coupled-out light beam directed away from a surface of the second light guide at a predetermined principal angular direction.

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Номер записи: 37
10-02-2022 дата публикации

DISTANCE MEASURING APPARATUS, IMAGING DEVICE, DISTANCE MEASURING SYSTEM, DISTANCE MEASURING METHOD, AND IMAGING METHOD

Номер: US20220043265A1
Автор: Nakamura Yusuke, YAMASAKI Koji
Принадлежит:

An interframe difference processor generates a difference image between frames of a sensor image, and an image processor generates distance information indicating a distance to a photographic subject on the basis of calculation of a difference image and a developing pattern . Thus, since a video display apparatus generates the difference image between the frames of the sensor image, it is possible to realize a distance measuring apparatus capable of reducing an influence of a background and generating distance information with high accuracy. 116.-. (canceled)17. A distance measuring apparatus configured to measure a distance to a photographic subject , the distance measuring apparatus comprising:a modulator configured to modulate intensity of light on a basis of a first grid pattern;an image sensor configured to convert light transmitted through the modulator into an electric signal to generate a sensor image based on the photographic subject;an interframe difference processor configured to generate a difference image between frames of the sensor image; andan image processor configured to generate distance information on a basis of calculation of the difference image and data of a second grid pattern, the distance information indicating the distance to the photographic subject.18. The distance measuring apparatus according to claim 17 , further comprising:a complex sensor image processor configured to generate a complex sensor image from the sensor image, the complex sensor image having a complex number,wherein the interframe difference processor is configured to generate a difference image between frames of the complex sensor image, andwherein the image processor is configured to generate the distance information on the basis of the calculation of the difference image and the data of the second grid pattern.19. The distance measuring apparatus according to claim 17 ,wherein the interframe difference processor is configured to determine whether a difference image ...

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Номер записи: 38
26-01-2017 дата публикации

ELECTROMAGNETIC BEAM STEERING ANTENNA

Номер: US20170025756A1
Автор: Driscoll Tom, Hyde Roderick A., Ishikawa Muriel Y., JR. Lowell L., Kare Jordin T., Myhrvold Nathan P., Pan Tony S., Tegreene Clarence T., Urzhumov Yaroslav A., Wood, Wood Victoria Y.H.
Принадлежит:

Described embodiments include an electromagnetic beam steering apparatus. The apparatus includes a first planar refractive component including a first tangential refractive index gradient deflecting an electromagnetic beam at a first deflection angle. The apparatus includes a second planar refractive component including a second tangential refractive index gradient deflecting an electromagnetic beam at a second deflection angle. The apparatus includes an electromagnetic beam steering structure configured to independently rotate the first planar refractive component and the second planar refractive component about a coaxial axis such that an electromagnetic beam incident on the first planar refractive component exits the second planar refractive component as a steered electromagnetic beam. 1. An electromagnetic beam steering apparatus comprising:a first planar refractive component including a first tangential refractive index gradient deflecting an electromagnetic beam at a first deflection angle;a second planar refractive component including a second tangential refractive index gradient deflecting an electromagnetic beam at a second deflection angle; andan electromagnetic beam steering structure configured to independently rotate the first planar refractive component and the second planar refractive component about a coaxial axis such that an electromagnetic beam incident on the first planar refractive component exits the second planar refractive component as a steered electromagnetic beam.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the electromagnetic beam includes a radiofrequency electromagnetic beam.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the electromagnetic beam includes a light wavelength electromagnetic beam.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first planar refractive component includes two opposed generally planar and parallel major surfaces and a thickness less than the free-space wavelength of the electromagnetic beam.5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein a ...

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Номер записи: 39
23-01-2020 дата публикации

HANDHELD PROJECTOR AND GAMING AID FOR TABLETOP GRID MAT

Номер: US20200025984A1
Автор: Canfield Chris, Newman Clifford
Принадлежит:

A handheld projector for visually defining an event zone on a grid mat of a tabletop game to obviate the need to manually make proximity calculations during game play to determine whether players indicated on a game board are located in sufficient proximity to a virtual event to be effected. 1. A handheld projector and tabletop gaming aid comprising:an outer housing defining two recesses: a circular projector beam recess and a rectangular viewfoil recess through which one more detachable viewfoils insert;an electronic projector for projecting a beam of light;one or more detachable viewfoils disposed between the projector and the projector beam recess, each viewfoil comprising a transparent sheet bearing an image consisting of an event zone defined only by a plurality of two dimensional sectors;wherein the image is exclusively associated with a virtual event occurring during gameplay;wherein, the image of the event zone is projected onto a grid mat of a tabletop game to visually define boundaries of an event zone on the grid mat.2. The handheld projector of claim 1 , further comprising a carousel having a plurality of viewfoils claim 1 , the carousel adapted to rotate axially within the projector.3. The handheld projector of claim 1 , wherein the housing is spherical for improved ergonomics.4. The handheld projector of claim 1 , further comprising a tripod for mounting the handheld projector.5. The handheld projector of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of projectors claim 1 , each projector disposed behind a detachable viewfoil.6. A handheld projector and tabletop gaming aid comprising:an outer housing defining a circular projector beam recess;an electronic projector for projecting a beam of light;one or more viewfoils disposed between the projector and the projector beam recess, each viewfoil comprising an SLM having LCD adapted to display an image consisting of an event zone defined only by a plurality of two dimensional sectors;wherein the image is ...

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Номер записи: 40
28-01-2021 дата публикации

DIFFRACTIVE OPTICAL ELEMENT

Номер: US20210026050A1
Автор: Iwata Kenichi
Принадлежит:

A diffractive optical element is provided that includes a first resin layer having steps on one surface, a second resin layer integrated with the first resin layer in tight contact, and a high refractive index layer disposed between a wall surface of the first resin layer and a wall surface of the second resin layer, wherein the high refractive index layer has a refractive index higher than those of the first resin layer and of the second resin layer, and the high refractive index layer is formed continuously to extend beyond the boundary between the wall surface and the inclined surface adjacent thereto, and to partly overlap the inclined surface. 1. An optical element comprising:a first resin layer having a first surface, the first surface having a plurality of first steps, wherein the plurality of first steps include a plurality of first flat wall surfaces and a plurality of first optically effective surfaces each bounded by the first flat wall surfaces;a second resin layer having a second surface, the second surface having a plurality of second steps, wherein the plurality of second steps include a plurality of second flat wall surfaces and a plurality of second optically effective surfaces each bounded by the second flat wall surfaces, and the plurality of second optically effective surfaces being in direct contact with the plurality of first optically effective surfaces; anda third portion being in contact with the first flat wall surfaces of the first resin layer and the second flat wall surfaces of the second resin layer, wherein the third portion has a refractive index different from that of the first resin layer and the second resin layer,wherein the plurality of first flat wall surfaces includes a first wall surface portion, the plurality of first optically effective surfaces includes a first optically effective surface portion disposed continuously with the first flat wall surface portion and a second optically effective surface portion disposed ...

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Номер записи: 41
28-01-2021 дата публикации

Optical composite film, display panel and display device

Номер: US20210026196A1
Автор: Chih tsung Kang
Принадлежит: Chongqing HKC Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd, HKC Co Ltd

An optical composite film includes a reflection grating film layer, a first optically-uniaxial optical film layer, and a second optically-uniaxial optical film layer. The first optically-uniaxial optical film layer includes a plate-shaped portion and a plurality of refraction portions. The plurality of refraction portions is selected from one type of camber columns and quadrangular prisms. An extraordinary light refractive index of the first optically-uniaxial optical film layer is greater than an ordinary light refractive index of the first optically-uniaxial optical film layer, and an extraordinary light refractive index of the second optically-uniaxial optical film layer is greater than an ordinary light refractive index of the second optically-uniaxial optical film layer. The ordinary light refractive index of the second optically-uniaxial optical film layer is less than the extraordinary light refractive index of the first optically-uniaxial optical film layer.

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Номер записи: 42
02-02-2017 дата публикации

DIFFRACTION STRUCTURE TRANSFER FOIL AND FORGERY PREVENTION MEDIUM USING SAME

Номер: US20170028762A1
Автор: IDE Hidetaka
Принадлежит:

Provided are diffraction structure transfer foil that further improves usefulness of the diffraction structure transfer foil in authenticity determination by allowing a greater variety of diffracted-light patterns to be observed, and a forgery prevention medium using the diffraction structure transfer foil. The diffraction structure transfer foil () includes a transfer foil substrate (), a peeling-off protective layer () that is laminated on one surface of the transfer foil substrate (), a laminated body for diffracted-light delivery () that is laminated on the peeling-off protective layer (), and an adhesive layer () that is laminated on the laminated body for diffracted-light delivery (). The laminated body for diffracted-light delivery () includes a diffraction structure forming body in which a plurality of diffraction structures ( and ) are formed, and a reflective layer (or ) that is formed in accordance with each of the plurality of diffraction structures ( and ). A transmission density of one reflective layer () of the plurality of reflective layers (and ) is in a range of 0.01 to 0.9, and a transmission density of the other reflective layer () is 1.0 or greater. 1. Diffraction structure transfer foil , comprising:a support body;a peeling-off protective layer that is laminated on one surface of the support body;a laminated body for diffracted-light delivery that is laminated on the peeling-off protective layer; andan adhesive layer that is laminated on the laminated body for diffracted-light delivery,wherein the laminated body for diffracted-light delivery includes a diffraction structure forming body in which a plurality of diffraction structures are formed, and a reflective layer that is formed in accordance with each of the plurality of diffraction structures, anda transmission density of at least one reflective layer of a plurality of the reflective layers is in a range of 0.01 to 0.9, and a transmission density of another reflective layer other than the ...

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Номер записи: 43
02-02-2017 дата публикации

Optical element and manufacturing method therefor

Номер: US20170031096A1
Автор: Jungo Kondo, Keiichiro Asai, Shoichiro Yamaguchi, Toshihiro Tomita
Принадлежит: NGK Insulators Ltd

An optical element includes a support substrate and an optical material layer provided over the support substrate. A first fine pattern is formed on the surface of the support substrate. When forming the optical material layer, a second fine pattern, to which the first fine pattern P 3 is transferred, is formed on the surface of the optical material layer.

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Номер записи: 44
02-02-2017 дата публикации

DIFFRACTIVE OPTICAL ELEMENTS WITH VARYING DIRECTION FOR DEPTH MODULATION

Номер: US20170031171A1
Автор: Sainiemi Lauri, Vallius Tuomas
Принадлежит:

In an optical display system that includes a waveguide with multiple diffractive optical elements (DOEs), one or more of the DOEs is configured with gratings that have varying depth and varying directions for depth modulation, in which the modulation direction is aligned with the steepest change (i.e., slope) of grating depth. Depth modulation direction may change at a point of transition between different regions in the DOE. For example, with a zero axis being defined along a line parallel to a long side of a DOE, the depth modulation direction can change from a negative angle, with respect to the axis in the plane of the waveguide in one region, to a positive angle in another region, or vice versa. By varying depth modulation direction in a DOE, display uniformity in the optical display system may be increased. 1. An optical system , comprising:a substrate of optical material;a first diffractive optical element (DOE) disposed on the substrate, the first DOE having an input surface and configured as an in-coupling grating to receive one or more optical beams as an input; and 'wherein at least a portion of the second DOE includes two or more regions in which a depth modulation direction is constant within a region and changes at each transition between regions, the depth modulation direction described by a steepest change of grating depth in the second DOE.', 'a second DOE disposed on the substrate and configured for pupil expansion of the one or more optical beams along a first direction,'}2. The optical system of further including a third DOE disposed on the substrate claim 1 , the third DOE having an output surface and configured for pupil expansion of the one or more optical beams along a second direction claim 1 , and further configured as an out-coupling grating to couple claim 1 , as an output from the output surface claim 1 , one or more optical beams with expanded pupil relative to the input.3. The optical system of in which at least a portion of the first ...

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Номер записи: 45
17-02-2022 дата публикации

Broadband achromatic polarization-insensitive metalens with anisotropic nanostructures

Номер: US20220048764A1
Автор: Alexander Yutong Zhu, Federico Capasso, Wei-Ting Chen
Принадлежит: Harvard College

Polarization-insensitive metasurfaces using anisotropic nanostructures are disclosed. These anisotropic structures allow for an accurate implementation of phase, group delay, and group delay dispersion, while simultaneously making it possible to realize a polarizationinsensitive, diffraction-limited and achromatic metalens for wavelength, e.g., λ=from about 460 nm to about 700 nm. The approach of polarization-insensitivity can be also applied for other metasurface devices with applications in, e.g., imaging and virtual or augmented reality.

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Номер записи: 46
01-02-2018 дата публикации

THIN FILM TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION DIFFRACTION GRATING FOR SINGLE POLARIZATION OR DUAL POLARIZATION

Номер: US20180031744A1
Автор: "OLeary Michael", Miller John Michael, Tian Lu, WILLS Gonzalo
Принадлежит:

A diffraction grating may include a substrate. The diffraction grating may include an etch stop layer to prevent etching of the substrate. The etch stop layer may be deposited on the substrate. The diffraction grating may include a marker layer to indicate an etch end-point associated with etching of a dielectric layer. The marker layer may be deposited on a portion of the etch stop layer. The diffraction grating may include the dielectric layer to form a grating layer after being etched. The dielectric layer may be deposited on at least the marker layer. 1. A diffraction grating , comprising:a substrate; 'the etch stop layer being deposited on the substrate;', 'an etch stop layer to prevent etching of the substrate,'} 'the marker layer being deposited on a portion of the etch stop layer; and', 'a marker layer to indicate an etch end-point associated with etching of a dielectric layer,'} 'the dielectric layer being deposited on at least the marker layer.', 'the dielectric layer to form a grating layer after being etched,'}2. The diffraction grating of claim 1 , further comprising: 'the encapsulation layer being deposited on at least the grating layer.', 'an encapsulation layer to protect the grating layer after etching of the dielectric layer,'}3. The diffraction grating of claim 1 , where the marker layer is formed of tantala claim 1 , silica or silicon nitride.4. The diffraction grating of claim 1 , where a thickness of the marker layer is less than or equal to approximately 50 nanometers.5. The diffraction grating of claim 1 , where a first diffraction efficiency (DE) of the diffraction grating is greater than 96 percent and a second DE of the diffraction grating is less than approximately 2 percent claim 1 ,the first DE corresponding to a transverse-magnetic polarization, andthe second DE corresponding to a transverse-electric polarization.6. The diffraction grating of claim 1 , where a first diffraction efficiency (DE) of the diffraction grating and a second DE ...

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Номер записи: 47
01-05-2014 дата публикации

COMPLEX SPATIAL LIGHT MODULATOR AND 3D IMAGE DISPLAY INCLUDING THE SAME

Номер: US20140118645A1
Автор: Lee Hong-seok, SONG Hoon, Sung Gee-young, WON Kang-hee
Принадлежит: SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD.

Provided are a complex spatial light modulator and a three-dimensional image display device including the same. The complex spatial light modulator includes: a spatial light modulator for modulating a phase of light; a prism array disposed next to the spatial light modulator; and a polarization-independent diffractive element for diffracting light that has passed through the prism array. The complex spatial light modulator may modulate both phase and amplitude of light. 1. A complex spatial light modulator comprising:a spatial light modulator which modulates a phase of light transmitted therethrough;a prism array disposed such that light transmitted by the spatial light modulator is incident on the prism array; anda polarization-independent diffractive element which diffracts light transmitted by the prism array.2. The modulator of claim 1 , wherein the prism array comprises a two-dimensional array of prisms and planar portions arranged alternately with each other.3. The modulator of claim 2 , wherein each of a plurality of prisms of the prism array has a height which is the same as a height of one pixel of the spatial light modulator.4. The modulator of claim 1 , wherein each of a plurality of planar portions of the prism array has a height which is the same as a height of one pixel of the spatial light modulator.5. The modulator of claim 2 , wherein the prism array comprises a plurality of sets each set comprising a prism and a planar portion claim 2 , wherein first light refracted by the prism and second light transmitted through the planar portion are combined upon transmission through the diffractive element.6. The modulator of claim 2 , wherein the prism array comprises a plurality of sets each set comprising a prism and a planar portion claim 2 , wherein claim 2 , for each of the plurality of sets claim 2 , the prism has an oblique side inclined with respect to the planar portion at an angle different from an angle at which an oblique side of a prism of ...

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Номер записи: 48
05-02-2015 дата публикации

HYBRID DIFFRACTIVE OPTICAL ELEMENT AND SPECTRAL BEAM COMBINATION GRATING

Номер: US20150036218A1
Автор: Rothenberg Joshua E.
Принадлежит: Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation

An integrated optical device that combines a diffractive optical element (DOE) to provide beam combining for coherent beams and a spectral beam combination (SBC) grating for combining beams of differing wavelengths. The device includes a substrate where a periodic pattern for the DOE is formed in the top surface of the substrate in a first direction. A plurality of reflective layers are deposited on the substrate over the periodic pattern so that the layers follow the shape of the pattern. A top dielectric layer is deposited on the plurality of reflective layers so that the top dielectric layer also follows the shape of the periodic pattern. A periodic grating for the SBC is formed into the top dielectric layer in a second direction substantially orthogonal to the first direction. 1. An optical device comprising:a substrate having a top surface;a periodic pattern formed in the top surface of the substrate in a first direction;a plurality of dielectric layers deposited on the top surface of the substrate and having a shape that conforms to the periodic pattern;a top dielectric layer deposited on the plurality of dielectric layers so that the top dielectric layer has the shape of the periodic pattern, said top dielectric layer having a top surface; anda periodic grating formed through the top surface and into the top dielectric layer, said periodic grating having channels that extend along a second direction substantially orthogonal to the first direction.2. The optical device according to wherein the substrate is glass or silica.3. The optical device according to wherein the plurality of dielectric layers are a plurality of dielectric layers being deposited in an alternating sequence of a high index of refraction dielectric layer and a low index of refraction dielectric layer.4. The optical device according to wherein the top dielectric layer is silica.5. The optical device according to wherein the periodic pattern is effective to be used as a diffractive optical ...

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Номер записи: 49
31-01-2019 дата публикации

EUV COLLECTOR FOR USE IN AN EUV PROJECTION EXPOSURE APPARATUS

Номер: US20190033723A1
Автор: Kierey Holger, Zellner Johannes
Принадлежит:

An EUV collector serves for use in an EUV projection exposure apparatus. The collector guides EUV used light emitted by a plasma source region. An overall impingement surface of the collector is impinged upon by radiation emitted by the plasma source region. A used light portion of the overall impingement surface guides the EUV used light. An extraneous light portion of the overall impingement surface is impinged upon by extraneous light radiation, the wavelength of which differs from that of the used light. The used light portion and the extraneous light portion are not congruent. This EUV collector has increased efficiency can involve reduced production costs. 1. An EUV collector configured to guide EUV used light emitted by a plasma source region , radiation emitted by the plasma source region impinges on an overall impingement surface of the collector;', 'a used light portion of the overall impingement surface guides the EUV used light;', 'an extraneous light portion of the overall impingement surface diverts extraneous light radiation;', 'the extraneous light radiation has a wavelength that is different from a wavelength of the used light;', 'the used light portion and the extraneous light portion are not congruent;', 'the extraneous light portion is a diffraction grating for the extraneous light radiation;', 'the overall impingement surface is rotationally symmetric with respect to an axis of symmetry, or the used light portion is rotationally symmetric with respect to the axis of symmetry; and', 'the extraneous light portion is arranged in a non-rotationally symmetric manner with respect to the axis of symmetry., 'wherein the EUV collector is configured so that during use of the EUV collector in an EUV projection exposure apparatus2. The collector of claim 1 , wherein the overall impingement surface is rotationally symmetric with respect to the axis of symmetry.3. The collector of claim 1 , wherein the used light portion is rotationally symmetric with respect ...

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Номер записи: 50
30-01-2020 дата публикации

Unilateral backlight, multiview display, and method employing slanted diffraction gratings

Номер: US20200033526A1
Автор: David A. Fattal, Francesco Aieta
Принадлежит: Leia Inc

A unilateral backlight and a unilateral multiview display employ an array of unilateral diffractive elements configured to provide directional light beams having a unilateral direction. A unilateral diffractive element of the unilateral diffractive element array comprises a slanted diffraction grating configured to provide a directional light beam by diffractive scattering of light guided in a light guide. The unilateral multiview display further includes light valves configured to modulate a plurality of directional light beams as multiview image having the unilateral direction.

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Номер записи: 51
12-02-2015 дата публикации

ZOOM LENS AND OPTICAL APPARATUS HAVING THE SAME

Номер: US20150043078A1
Автор: SUZUKI Kenzaburo
Принадлежит:

Provided is a zoom lens having, in order from an object: a first lens group (G1) having positive refractive power; a second lens group (G2) having negative refractive power; and a third lens group (G3) having positive refractive power. The first lens group (G1) and the third lens group (G3) respectively move toward the object upon zooming from the wide-angle end state to the telephoto end state. The first lens group (G1) includes a diffraction optical element (DOE) in which two optical elements, constituted by optical materials of which refractive index difference at the d-line is 0.45 or less, are cemented and a diffraction optical surface (corresponding to the optical surface with the radius of curvature R8 in FIG. ) on which diffraction grating grooves are formed, exists on the interface of the two optical elements. The zoom lens satisfies the following conditional expressions: 0.05<φ1/ft<1.00, and 3.0<φd/y<10.0, where φ1 denotes an effective diameter of a surface closest to the object in the first lens group (G1), ft denotes a focal length of the zoom lens (ZL) in the telephoto end state, φd denotes an effective diameter of the diffraction optical surface, and y denotes a maximum image height of the zoom lens (ZL). 1. A zoom lens comprising , in order from an object:a first lens group having positive refractive power;a second lens group having negative refractive power; anda third lens group having positive refractive power,the first lens group and the third lens group respectively moving toward the object upon zooming from a wide-angle end state to a telephoto end state,the first lens group including a diffraction optical element in which two optical elements, constituted by optical materials of which refractive index difference at the d-line is 0.45 or less, are cemented and a diffraction optical surface on which diffraction grating grooves are formed exists on the interface of the two optical elements, and [{'br': None, 'b': '1', 'i': 'ft<', '0.05<φ/1.00'}, ...

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Номер записи: 52
24-02-2022 дата публикации

Light Field Imaging Device and Method for Depth Acquisition and Three-Dimensional Imaging

Номер: US20220057550A1
Автор: CHO Ji-ho, Saari Jonathan Ikola
Принадлежит:

A light field imaging device and method are provided. The device can include a diffraction grating assembly receiving a wavefront from a scene and including one or more diffraction gratings, each having a grating period along a grating axis and diffracting the wavefront to generate a diffracted wavefront. The device can also include a pixel array disposed under the diffraction grating assembly and detecting the diffracted wavefront in a near-field diffraction regime to provide light field image data about the scene. The pixel array has a pixel pitch along the grating axis that is smaller than the grating period. The device can further include a color filter array disposed over the pixel array to spatio-chromatically sample the diffracted wavefront prior to detection by the pixel array. The device and method can be implemented in backside-illuminated sensor architectures. Diffraction grating assemblies for use in the device and method are also disclosed. 189.-. (canceled)90. A method of imaging a scene , the method comprising:diffracting an optical wavefront originating from the scene with a diffraction grating having a grating period along a grating axis to generate a diffracted wavefront, the diffracted wavefront having, in a near-field diffraction region, an intensity profile that is spatially modulated according to the grating period and that shifts laterally along the grating axis upon varying an angle of incidence of the optical wavefront;detecting the diffracted wavefront with a pixel array comprising a plurality of light-sensitive pixels disposed under the diffraction grating in the near-field diffraction region, wherein said detecting comprises sampling different spatial parts of the intensity profile of the diffracted wavefront with first and second adjacent pixel groups of the plurality of light-sensitive pixels and generating therefrom respective first and second pixel responses that vary differently with the angle of incidence of the optical wavefront; ...

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Номер записи: 53
24-02-2022 дата публикации

Optical device

Номер: US20220057552A1
Автор: Oksana SHRAMKOVA, Valter Drazic
Принадлежит: InterDigital CE Patent Holdings SAS

An optical device and an eyewear apparatus comprising the optical device are disclosed. The optical device comprises a diffraction grating configured to diffract an incident light of a given wavelength on said optical device, said diffraction grating having a grating pitch above said given wavelength and being configured to diffract said incident light at a diffraction order having an absolute value equal to or greater than 2, wherein the optical device comprises an optical waveguide configured for guiding said light diffracted at a diffraction order having an absolute value equal to or greater than 2. The diffraction grating comprises a substrate of a first dielectric material with refractive index n 3 and at least one second dielectric material with refractive index n2 deposited on said substrate, where n 3 <n 2 or n 3 =n 2 .

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Номер записи: 54
07-02-2019 дата публикации

Scanning reticle for an optical position measuring device

Номер: US20190041243A1
Автор: Andreas Hofmann, Peter Speckbacher, Stefan Funk
Принадлежит: Dr Johannes Heidenhain GmbH

A scanning reticle for an optical position measuring device includes a substrate having an upper surface, operating in transmission, and having different functional regions. The upper surface includes at least one region having a grating made up of gaps and ribs, the ribs being formed in the substrate. The upper surface includes an antireflection layer, which is discontinuous in the region of the gaps.

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Номер записи: 55
07-02-2019 дата публикации

OPTICAL ELEMENT, SPECTROSCOPIC APPARATUS, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME

Номер: US20190041557A1
Автор: Enokida Yukiya, Koyama Masatsugu, Okura Yukinobu
Принадлежит:

An optical element formed of a plurality of materials includes a middle layer between a base material and a reflecting member so as to suppress stripping, cracking and the like of the optical surface due to the difference in coefficients of thermal expansion among the component materials, in the case where a temperature difference in the service environment or a temperature difference between a manufacturing environment and the service environment is large. 120-. (canceled)21. A manufacturing method of an optical element , the optical element (a) comprising a middle layer between a base and a reflecting layer , and (b) having a plurality of optical surfaces on a surface of the reflecting layer , the method comprising:forming an electroplated film as the middle layer; andcutting the electroplated film.22. The manufacturing method according to claim 21 , wherein the electroplated film contains Cu or Ni as a main ingredient.23. The manufacturing method according to claim 21 , wherein the electroplated film is formed by a copper sulfate plating.24. The manufacturing method according to claim 23 , wherein the reflecting layer is formed on the electroplated film subjected to the cutting.25. The manufacturing method according to claim 24 , wherein the reflecting layer is formed by a sputtering process.26. The manufacturing method according to claim 24 , wherein the plurality of optical surfaces have surface roughness of 2 nm RMS or less.27. The manufacturing method according to claim 26 , wherein the electroplated film has a thickness of 10-3000 μm.28. The manufacturing method according to claim 27 , wherein the reflecting layer contains one or more of Au claim 27 , Ag claim 27 , and Al as a main ingredient.29. The manufacturing method according to claim 28 , wherein the base is glass.30. The manufacturing method according to claim 21 , wherein the middle layer comprises a plurality of stacked layers claim 21 , andwherein the plurality of layers are formed from ...

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Номер записи: 56
07-02-2019 дата публикации

METHODS AND SYSTEM FOR CREATING FOCAL PLANES USING AN ALVAREZ LENS

Номер: US20190041558A1
Автор: Tekolste Robert D.
Принадлежит: Magic Leap, Inc.

Configurations are disclosed for presenting virtual reality and augmented reality experiences to users. The system may comprise a lens assembly comprising two transmissive plates, a first of the two transmissive plates comprising a first surface sag based at least in part on a cubic function, and a DOE to direct image information to a user's eye; wherein the DOE is placed in between the two transmissive plates of the lens assembly, and wherein the DOE is encoded with the inverse of the cubic function corresponding to the surface sag of the first transmissive plate; such that a wavefront created by the encoded DOE is compensated by the wavefront created by the first transmissive plate, thereby collimating light rays associated with virtual content delivered to the DOE. 1an image-generating source to provide one or more frames of image data;a light modulator to transmit light associated with the one or more frames of image data;a lens assembly comprising first and second transmissive plates, the first and second transmissive plates each having a first side and a second side that is opposite to the first side, the first side being a plano side, and the second side being a shaped side, the second side of the first transmissive plate comprising a first surface sag based at least in part on a cubic function, and the second side of the second transmissive plate comprising a second surface sag based at least in part on an inverse of the cubic function; anda diffractive optical element (DOE) to receive the light associated with the one or more frames of image data and direct the light to the user's eyes, the DOE being disposed between and adjacent to the first side of the first transmissive plate and the first side of the second transmissive plate, and wherein the DOE is encoded with refractive lens information corresponding to the inverse of the cubic function such that when the DOE is aligned so that the refractive lens information of the DOE cancels out the cubic function ...

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Номер записи: 57
07-02-2019 дата публикации

STRUCTURED LIGHT GENERATION DEVICE AND DIFFRACTIVE OPTICAL ELEMENT THEREOF

Номер: US20190041659A1
Автор: CHERN JYH-LONG, YEN CHIH-MING
Принадлежит:

A structured light generation device includes a laser light source module and a diffractive optical element. After a non-collimated light beam from the laser light source module is received by a diffraction layer of the diffractive optical element, the non-collimated light beam is modulated as an optical information-bearing light. Since no collimator is between the laser light source module and the diffractive optical element, the spacing distance between the laser light source module and the diffractive optical element is shortened. Consequently, the overall structured light generation device is slim. 2. The structured light generation device according to claim 1 , wherein the optical information-bearing light is a coded structured light.3. The structured light generation device according to claim 1 , further comprising a casing claim 1 , wherein the laser light source module and the diffractive optical element are accommodated within the casing claim 1 , and the optical information-bearing light is outputted from the structured light generation device through at least one light output zone of the casing.4. The structured light generation device according to claim 1 , wherein the diffractive optical element further comprises a light-transmissible substrate claim 1 , and the diffraction layer is disposed on a first surface of the light-transmissible substrate.5. The structured light generation device according to claim 4 , wherein the diffraction layer comprises plural microstructures.6. The structured light generation device according to claim 4 , wherein the first surface and a second surface of the light-transmissible substrate are concentric surfaces claim 4 , wherein the first surface of the light-transmissible substrate is arranged between the laser light source module and the second surface of the light-transmissible substrate claim 4 , or the second surface of the light-transmissible substrate is arranged between the laser light source module and the first ...

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Номер записи: 58
16-02-2017 дата публикации

Method of manufacturing a laminate and the laminate made thereby

Номер: US20170043546A1
Автор: Tethal Tomas
Принадлежит:

A method of manufacturing laminate, comprising of at least two layers () of thermoplastic materials with a diffractive optical element incorporated between them. In this method a layer () with a different refraction index from that of a carrying layer () and/or from that of a cover layer () of thermoplastic material is put on a carrying layer () and covered by the cover layer (). The layer () with a different refraction index is placed only in some areas of the carrying layer (). Subsequently a stamp () with optical diffractive relief () is imprinted and/or embossed into the layer () with a different refraction index. Then the cover layer () of thermoplastic material is put on the layer () with a different refraction index and the laminate is heated to a temperature at which bonding of the cover layer () and the carrying layer () occurs. A laminate, comprising of at least two layers () of thermoplastic materials, with optical diffraction element incorporate between them. 11521515214625251. A method of manufacturing a laminate comprising at least two layers ( , ) of thermoplastic material bonded together with a diffractive optical element incorporated between them , in which method a layer () with a different index of refraction from that of a carrying layer () and/or from that of a cover layer () of thermoplastic material is put on the carrying layer () and covered by the cover layer () , wherein the layer () with a different index of refraction is placed only in some areas of the carrying layer () , subsequently a stamp () with optical diffractive relief () is imprinted into the layer () with a different index of refraction and then the cover layer () of thermoplastic material is put on the layer () with a different index of refraction and the laminate is heated to a temperature at which bonding of the cover layer () and the carrying layer () occurs.24626432. The method of manufacturing a laminate according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in the step of imprinting ...

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Номер записи: 59
18-02-2021 дата публикации

OBJECT DETECTION DEVICE AND PHOTODETECTOR

Номер: US20210048566A1
Автор: ARAI Akihiro, Kano Yasuyuki, KAWABUCHI Kenichiro
Принадлежит:

An object detection device for detecting an object using light includes: a light source configured to emit light; a splitting element configured to split the light emitted from the light source into a plurality of light beams; a mirror configured to reflect the light beams obtained through the splitting by the splitting element; a holder integrally holding the splitting element and the mirror; a drive unit configured to rotate the holder; a photodetector configured to receive reflected light beams, of the respective light beams, reflected from an object; and a condensing lens configured to condense the reflected light beams of the respective light beams onto the photodetector. 1. An object detection device for detecting an object using light , the object detection device comprising:a light source configured to emit light;a splitting element configured to split the light emitted from the light source into a plurality of light beams;a mirror configured to reflect the light beams obtained through the splitting by the splitting element;a holder integrally holding the splitting element and the mirror;a drive unit configured to rotate the holder;a photodetector configured to receive reflected light beams, of the respective light beams, reflected from an object; anda condensing lens configured to condense the reflected light beams of the respective light beams onto the photodetector.2. The object detection device according to claim 1 , wherein the splitting element is a diffraction grating.3. The object detection device according to claim 2 , whereinthe light from the light source is incident on the diffraction grating along a rotation center axis of the mirror,a 0th-order diffracted light beam and at least one other order of diffracted light beam generated by the diffraction grating are reflected by the mirror and projected, andthe photodetector includes a sensor configured to receive a reflected light beam, of the 0th-order diffracted light beam, from the object, and at ...

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Номер записи: 60
18-02-2016 дата публикации

Systems and Methods for Machining Materials

Номер: US20160047949A1
Автор: Brocato Brett, Keller David
Принадлежит:

Embodiments of systems, methods, and computer-readable media for machining materials are disclosed. For example, one embodiment of the present invention includes a method for machining a feature on a work piece along a curving tool path having the steps of controlling a relative translational movement between a tool table and the work piece along the curving tool path and controlling a corresponding angle of rotation of the tool table with respect to the work piece to maintain a substantially constant angle between the tool table and the corresponding relative translational movement between the tool table and the work piece along the curving tool path. In another embodiment, a computer-readable media includes code for a carrying out such a method. 1. A work piece comprising:a feature scribed while varying an angle of rotation of a tool table with respect to the work piece to maintain a substantially constant angle between the tool table and a corresponding relative translational movement between the tool table and the work piece along a curving tool path.2. The work piece of claim 1 , wherein the substantially constant angle comprises a perpendicular relationship.3. The work piece of claim 1 , wherein the feature was scribed while varying a dynamic feed rate of the tool table with respect to the work piece along the curving tool path to substantially maintain a target centripetal acceleration of the tool table with respect to the work piece.4. A replication master for use in the production of an array of lenses comprising:a surface comprising a plurality of features thereon, wherein at least one of the plurality of features was scribed while varying an angle of rotation of a tool table with respect to the replication master to maintain a substantially constant angle between the tool table and a corresponding relative translational movement between the tool table and the replication master along a curving tool path.5. The replication master of claim 4 , wherein the ...

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Номер записи: 61
15-02-2018 дата публикации

VIRTUAL AND AUGMENTED REALITY SYSTEMS AND METHODS

Номер: US20180045965A1
Автор: Schowengerdt Brian T.
Принадлежит: Magic Leap, Inc.

A method for displaying virtual content to a user, the method includes determining an accommodation of the user's eyes. The method also includes delivering, through a first waveguide of a stack of waveguides, light rays having a first wavefront curvature based at least in part on the determined accommodation, wherein the first wavefront curvature corresponds to a focal distance of the determined accommodation. The method further includes delivering, through a second waveguide of the stack of waveguides, light rays having a second wavefront curvature, the second wavefront curvature associated with a predetermined margin of the focal distance of the determined accommodation. 1. A method for displaying virtual content to a user , the method comprising:determining an accommodation of the user's eyes;delivering, through a first waveguide of a stack of waveguides, light rays having a first wavefront curvature based at least in part on the determined accommodation, wherein the first wavefront curvature corresponds to a focal distance of the determined accommodation; anddelivering, through a second waveguide of the stack of waveguides, light rays having a second wavefront curvature, the second wavefront curvature associated with a predetermined margin of the focal distance of the determined accommodation.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the margin is a positive margin.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the margin is a negative margin.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein delivering the light rays having the second wavefront curvature through the second waveguide increases a focal range in which the user can accommodate.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first waveguide is coupled to a variable focus element (VFE) claim 1 , wherein the VFE varies a focus at which the first waveguide focuses the light rays.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the focus is varied based at least in part on the determined accommodation of the users' eyes.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ...

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Номер записи: 62
15-02-2018 дата публикации

DIFFRACTIVE OPTICAL ELEMENT AND OPTICAL SYSTEM HAVING THE SAME, AND IMAGE PICKUP APPARATUS

Номер: US20180045975A1
Автор: Mizutani Yui
Принадлежит:

An optical element includes a first diffraction grating and a second diffraction grating. When a refractive index of the first diffraction grating at wavelength λ [μm] is n(λ) and the refractive index of the second diffraction grating at the wavelength λ [μm] is n(λ), n(λ) and n(λ) satisfy predetermined conditional expressions. 3. The diffractive optical element according to claim 2 , wherein the first diffraction grating and the second diffraction grating are both blazed diffraction gratings.6. The diffractive optical element according to claim 2 , wherein when a relative partial dispersion ratio θof the first diffraction grating with respect to the wavelength 12 to 13 μm and a relative partial dispersion ratio θof the second diffraction grating with respect to the wavelength 12 to 13 μm are defined as{'br': None, 'sub': 1', '1', '1', '1', '1, 'i': =[n', 'n', 'n', 'n, 'θ(12)−(13)]/[(8)−(12)]'}{'br': None, 'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2', '2, 'i': =[n', 'n', 'n', 'n, 'θ(12)−(13)]/[(8)−(12)],'}{'sub': 12, 13', '1', '2, 'claim-text': {'br': None, 'sub': '12,13', '0.01<|Δθ|<1.2.'}, 'an absolute value |Δθ| of a difference between θand θsatisfies a conditional expression'}7. The diffractive optical element according to claim 2 , wherein an absorption coefficient of the first diffraction grating and an absorption coefficient of the second diffraction grating are both 26.66 [cm] or less at the wavelength 10 μm.8. The diffractive optical element according to claim 2 , wherein at least one of the first diffraction grating and the second diffraction grating includes an organic material.9. The diffractive optical element according to claim 8 , wherein at least one of the first diffraction grating and the second diffraction grating includes high-density polyethylene.10. The diffractive optical element according to claim 8 , wherein at least one of the first diffraction grating and the second diffraction grating is formed from a material obtained by dispersing fine particles of an ...

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Номер записи: 63
03-03-2022 дата публикации

LIQUID CRYSTAL DIFFRACTION ELEMENT AND LAMINATED DIFFRACTION ELEMENT

Номер: US20220066075A1
Автор: Saitoh Yukito, Sasata Katsumi, Sato Hiroshi
Принадлежит: FUJIFILM Corporation

Provided are a liquid crystal diffraction element that diffracts incident light while allowing transmission of the incident light and has wavelength selectivity, and a laminated diffraction element. The liquid crystal diffraction element includes: a first cholesteric liquid crystal layer obtained by cholesteric alignment of a liquid crystal compound; and a second cholesteric liquid crystal layer that is laminated on the first cholesteric liquid crystal layer, in which the first cholesteric liquid crystal layer and the second cholesteric liquid crystal layer have a liquid crystal alignment pattern in which a direction of an optical axis derived from the liquid crystal compound changes while continuously rotating in at least one in-plane direction, a selective reflection wavelength of the first cholesteric liquid crystal layer and a selective reflection wavelength of the second cholesteric liquid crystal layer are the same, and in a case where a length over which the direction of the optical axis derived from the liquid crystal compound in the liquid crystal alignment pattern rotates by 180° in a plane is set as a single period, a single period of the liquid crystal alignment pattern of the first cholesteric liquid crystal layer and a single period of the liquid crystal alignment pattern of the second cholesteric liquid crystal layer are different from each other.

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Номер записи: 64
03-03-2022 дата публикации

Optical Systems with Light-Expanding Couplers

Номер: US20220066204A1
Автор: Aieta Francesco, Oh Se Baek, Pfeiffer Jonathan B., Schlottau Friso, Urness Adam C.
Принадлежит:

An electronic device may include a display that generates light for an optical system that redirects the light towards an eye box. The optical system may include a waveguide, a non-diffractive input coupler, a cross coupler, and an output coupler. The cross coupler may expand the light in a first direction. The cross coupler may perform an even number of diffractions on the light and may couple the light back into the waveguide at an angle suitable for total internal reflection. The output coupler may expand the light in a second direction while coupling the light out of the waveguide. The cross coupler may include surface relief gratings or holographic gratings embedded within the waveguide or formed in a separate substrate. The optical system may direct the light towards the eye box without chromatic dispersion and while supporting an expanded field of view and optical bandwidth. 1. An optical system that redirects light produced by a display module towards an eye box , the optical system comprising:a waveguide;a non-diffractive input coupler configured to couple the light produced the display module into the waveguide;a cross coupler on the waveguide, wherein the cross coupler is configured to perform an even number of diffractions on the light coupled into the waveguide by the non-diffractive input coupler, wherein the even number of diffractions are configured to expand the light in a first direction, and wherein the waveguide is configured to propagate the light expanded in the first direction via total internal reflection; andan output coupler on the waveguide, wherein the output coupler is configured to couple the light expanded in the first direction by the cross coupler out of the waveguide while expanding the light in a second direction that is different from the first direction.2. The optical system defined in claim 1 , wherein the cross coupler comprises a surface relief grating.3. The optical system defined in claim 2 , wherein the surface relief ...

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Номер записи: 65
03-03-2022 дата публикации

VIRTUAL IMAGE DISPLAY DEVICE AND OPTICAL UNIT

Номер: US20220066219A1
Автор: Saito Atsushi
Принадлежит: SEIKO EPSON CORPORATION

A virtual image display device includes an imaging light generation device, and an optical unit including a concave transmission mirror provided with a partial reflection film, the optical unit being configured to form a virtual image with the imaging light emitted from the imaging light generation device, wherein the optical unit includes a reflection type diffraction element disposed on an external side of the partial reflection film, the reflection type diffraction element being configured to diffract the imaging light so that the imaging light is deviated from an optical path passing through the concave transmission mirror.

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Номер записи: 66
25-02-2021 дата публикации

SECURITY ELEMENTS AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURE THEREOF

Номер: US20210053380A1
Автор: HOLMES Brian
Принадлежит: DE LA RUE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED

A security element including: a first layer having a first surface; an array of image regions across the surface, each region including at least first and second sub-regions; a first diffractive optically variable effect generating structure in or on the surface across the first sub-regions; and a second diffractive optically variable effect generating structure in or on the surface across the second sub-regions; wherein the surface is arranged so each first sub-region has a first average inclination and each second sub-region has a second average inclination different from the first, wherein the first structure and inclination provide that the first effect is exhibited across the first sub-regions at least at a first viewing angle and the second structure and inclination provide that the second effect is exhibited across the second sub-regions at least at a second viewing angle different from the first. Also, a method of manufacturing the security element. 1. A security element comprising:a first layer having a first surface;an array of image regions across the first surface, each image region comprising at least a first sub-region and a second sub-region;a first diffractive optically variable effect generating structure provided in or on the first surface across the first sub-regions; anda second diffractive optically variable effect generating structure provided in or on the first surface across the second sub-regions;wherein the first surface is arranged such that each first sub-region has a first average inclination and such that each second sub-region has a second average inclination different from the first average inclination, wherein the first diffractive optically variable effect generating structure and the first average inclination provide that the first optically variable effect is exhibited across the first sub-regions at least at a first viewing angle and the second diffractive optically variable effect generating structure and the second average ...

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Номер записи: 67
14-02-2019 дата публикации

LED Solar Simulator and Method of Use

Номер: US20190049079A1
Автор: Eugene W. Kuntz, Greggory W. SWITZER, Paul E. Rishel, Robert K. Buczala, Todd A. McFarland
Принадлежит: Newport Corp USA

The present application discloses a method of using a LED-based solar simulator light source having at least one LED array formed by multiple LED groups of LED assemblies, at least one field flattening device, at least one diffractive element, and at least one optical element configured to condition the broad spectrum light source output signal and direct the light source output signal to a work surface.

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Номер записи: 68
25-02-2016 дата публикации

OPTICAL FILM, OPTICAL FILM MANUFACTURING METHOD AND SURFACE LIGHT-EMITTING BODY

Номер: US20160054489A1
Автор: HANAFUSA Akihiro, KOSHITOUGE Haruki, Kurita Yusuke
Принадлежит: MITSUBISHI RAYON CO., LTD.

This optical film includes a diffraction grating layer made of a transparent material, and a concavo convex surface structure layer made of a transparent material. The surface light-emitting body includes the aforementioned optical film. This optical film manufacturing method involves supplying a second active energy ray curable composition between a substrate and a mold having a diffractive grating transfer part, irradiating second active energy rays to obtain a laminate having a diffractive grating layer on convex structure transfer part, and irradiating first active energy rays. 1. An optical film comprising:a surface relief structure layer that is composed of a first transparent material and has a relief structure; anda diffraction grating layer composed of a second transparent material.2. The optical film according to claim 1 , wherein the second transparent material is a resin.3. The optical film according to claim 1 , wherein a refractive index of the second transparent material is from 1.30 to 1.80.4. The optical film according to claim 1 , wherein a pitch of a diffraction grating of the diffraction grating layer is from 0.2 to 5 μm.5. The optical film according to claim 1 , wherein a height of a diffraction grating of the diffraction grating layer is from 0.4 to 5 μm.6. The optical film according to claim 1 , wherein the first transparent material is a resin.7. The optical film according to claim 1 , wherein the relief structure of the surface relief structure layer is spherical.8. The optical film according to claim 1 , wherein the surface relief structure layer further contains light-diffusing fine particles.9. The optical film according to claim 8 , wherein a volume average particle size of the light-diffusing fine particles is from 1 to 10 μm.10. The optical film according to claim 8 , wherein a content of the light-diffusing fine particles in the surface relief structure layer is from 1 to 50% by mass.11. The optical film according to claim 1 , wherein ...

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Номер записи: 69
13-02-2020 дата публикации

LATERAL SHEARING INTERFEROMETER FOR AUTO ALIGNMENT BEAM SENSING

Номер: US20200049493A1
Автор: Heideman Kyle
Принадлежит:

Auto-alignment beam tracking apparatus and methods. In one example, an auto-alignment beam tracking system includes an optical train that receives an auto-alignment beam, a linear detector array including a plurality of photosensitive detectors each configured to measure intensity of electromagnetic radiation incident thereon, and a lateral shearing interferometer positioned between the optical train and the linear detector array. The optical train is configured to direct the auto-alignment beam to the lateral shearing interferometer. The lateral shearing interferometer is configured to produce an interference pattern at the linear detector array from the auto-alignment beam, wherein changes in the intensity measured by the plurality of photosensitive detectors over time corresponding to a lateral shift of the interference pattern on the linear detector array indicate an angular tilt of the auto-alignment beam. 1. An auto-alignment beam tracking apparatus comprising:objective optics configured to receive optical radiation from a viewed scene and an auto-alignment beam;an auto-alignment beamsplitter configured to separate the auto-alignment beam from the optical radiation;an optical train configured to receive at least a first portion of the auto-alignment beam from the auto-alignment beamsplitter;a linear detector array including a plurality of photosensitive detectors arranged side-by-side in a single row, each photosensitive detector being configured to measure intensity of electromagnetic radiation incident thereon; anda lateral shearing interferometer positioned between the optical train and the linear detector array, the optical train being configured to direct the first portion of the auto-alignment beam to the lateral shearing interferometer, the lateral shearing interferometer being configured to produce an interference pattern at the linear detector array from the first portion of the auto-alignment beam, wherein changes in the intensity measured by the ...

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Номер записи: 70
25-02-2021 дата публикации

OUTWARD COUPLING SUPPRESSION IN WAVEGUIDE DISPLAY

Номер: US20210055460A1
Автор: Calafiore Giuseppe, Huang Ningfeng, Lee Hee Yoon, MOHANTY Nihar Ranjan, Saarikko Pasi, SHI YU
Принадлежит:

A pupil replication waveguide for a projector display includes a slab of transparent material for propagating display light in the slab via total internal reflection. A diffraction grating is supported by the slab. The diffraction grating includes a plurality of tapered slanted fringes in a substrate for out-coupling the display light from the slab by diffraction into a blazed diffraction order. A greater portion of the display light is out-coupled into the blazed diffraction order, and a smaller portion of the display light is out-coupled into a non-blazed diffraction order. The tapered fringes result in the duty cycle of the diffraction grating varying along the thickness direction of the diffraction grating, to facilitate suppressing the portion of the display light out-coupled into the non-blazed diffraction order. 1. A pupil replication waveguide comprising:a slab of transparent material for propagating display light therein via total internal reflection;a diffraction grating supported by the slab and comprising a plurality of fringes formed by a twisted nematic (TN) liquid crystal (LC) material in a polymer substrate, wherein the fringes are slanted for out-coupling the display light from the slab by diffraction into a blazed diffraction order, wherein a greater portion of the display light is out-coupled into the blazed diffraction order, and a smaller portion of the display light is out-coupled into a non-blazed diffraction order;{'sub': O', 'E, 'wherein the TN LC material has an ordinary refractive index nfor light polarized perpendicular to molecules of the TN LC material, and an extraordinary refractive index nfor light polarized parallel to the molecules of the TN LC material, wherein a refractive index contrast for polarized display light impinging onto the diffraction grating has a refractive index contrast profile along a thickness direction of the diffraction grating;'}wherein a refractive index contrast is larger at a middle than at both sides of ...

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Номер записи: 71
25-02-2021 дата публикации

WAVEGUIDE DISPLAY ELEMENT WITH REFLECTOR SURFACE

Номер: US20210055562A1
Автор: Blomstedt Kasimir, Erdmanis Mikhail
Принадлежит: DISPELIX OY

The invention provides waveguide display element comprising a waveguide () comprising two opposing main surfaces, a first optical element arranged at a first location of the waveguide (), a second optical element arranged at a second location of the waveguide (), and at least one reflector surface (A, A) extending between said main surfaces and adapted to reflect light rays propagating within the waveguide (). The reflector surface (A, A) is adapted to redirect light rays from the first optical element to the second optical element. 1. A waveguide display element comprisinga waveguide comprising two opposing main surfaces,a first diffractive optical element arranged at a first location of the waveguide,a second diffractive optical element arranged at a second location of the waveguide,at least one reflector surface extending between said main surfaces and adapted to reflect light rays propagating within the waveguide, wherein the reflector surface is adapted to redirect light rays from the first diffractive optical element to the second diffractive optical element, whereinthe reflector surface is curved when inspected in the plane of said main surfaces, andthere are a plurality of such curved reflector surfaces of the same or different kinds and arranged between the same or different first and second optical elements.2. The element according to claim 1 , wherein the reflector surface is perpendicular to said main surfaces.3. The element according to claim 1 , wherein the reflector surface is tilted with respect to the normal direction of said main surfaces claim 1 , typically by 25 degrees at maximum.4. The element according to claim 1 , wherein the reflector surface is curved when inspected in a plane perpendicular to said main surfaces.5. The element according to any of the preceding claims claim 1 , whereinthe waveguide comprises at least one outer edge surface extending between said main surfaces,the reflector surface is located at said outer edge surface.6. The ...

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Номер записи: 72
13-02-2020 дата публикации

DIFFRACTIVE OPTICAL ELEMENT, OPTICAL APPARATUS USING THE SAME, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING DIFFRACTIVE OPTICAL ELEMENT

Номер: US20200049870A1
Автор: Kubo Kazuto
Принадлежит:

A diffractive optical element includes a substrate, a first resin layer formed on the substrate and having a diffraction grating shape including a plurality of wall surfaces and a plurality of slopes, a second resin layer formed in close contact with the first resin layer, a high refractive-index portion formed on the plurality of wall surfaces of the first resin layer and having a higher refractive index than the first and the second resin layers, and a close contact portion discontinuous with the high refractive-index portion, wherein the close contact portion is formed on the plurality of slopes of the first resin layer, and wherein a thickness of the close contact portion is smaller than a height of the plurality of wall surfaces. 1. A diffractive optical element comprising:a substrate;a first resin layer formed on the substrate and having a diffraction grating shape including a plurality of wall surfaces and a plurality of slopes;a second resin layer formed in close contact with the first resin layer;a high refractive-index portion formed on the plurality of wall surfaces of the first resin layer and having a higher refractive index than the first and the second resin layers; anda close contact portion discontinuous with the high refractive-index portion,wherein the close contact portion is formed on the plurality of slopes of the first resin layer, andwherein a thickness of the close contact portion is smaller than a height of the plurality of wall surfaces.2. The diffractive optical element according to claim 1 , wherein the thickness of the close contact portion is 1/400 or more and 1/50 or less times the height of the plurality of wall surfaces.3. The diffractive optical element according to claim 1 , wherein the thickness of the close contact portion is 10 nm or more and 200 nm or less.4. The diffractive optical element according to claim 1 , further comprising a center and an outer edge claim 1 , wherein the thickness of the close contact portion ...

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Номер записи: 73
13-02-2020 дата публикации

LASER AIMING SYSTEM RECYCLING STRAY LIGHT

Номер: US20200050012A1
Автор: BOTTAZZI DAVIDE, Vonmetz Kurt
Принадлежит:

A laser light projection apparatus is provided for projecting laser light onto the surface of a target object. The laser light projection apparatus includes a laser light source that generates laser light and a housing with a cavity therein defined by sidewalls, at least a portion of which have one or more reflective surfaces. The cavity extends along a center axis of the laser light and has a first portion at which a distance between opposing sidewalls is less than a distance between opposing sidewalls at a second portion of the cavity at a distance farther from the laser light source than the first portion. At least a portion of the laser light generated by the laser light source is reflected from the reflective surface of the sidewalls to form a two-dimensional pattern spaced apart from the center axis. 1. A laser light projection apparatus , comprising:a laser light source that generates laser light centered along a center axis; anda housing having an aperture from which the laser light generated by the laser light source is emitted and a cavity extending along a center axis of the laser light source and being defined at least in part by sidewalls at least a portion of which have a reflective surface, wherein the reflective surface of the sidewalls cause a portion of the laser light to be emitted from the aperture at angles divergent from the center axis, and at least part of said portion of the laser light emitted from the aperture forms a defined two-dimensional pattern spaced apart from the center axis.2. The laser light projection apparatus of wherein one or more of the sidewalls are oriented at an acute angle with respect to the central axis.3. The laser light projection apparatus of wherein a cross-sectional area of the cavity increases along a length of the center axis in a direction toward the aperture.4. The laser light projection apparatus of wherein the defined two-dimensional pattern formed has a circular shape.5. The laser light projection apparatus ...

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Номер записи: 74
10-03-2022 дата публикации

Digital writing of large diffraction grating patterns

Номер: US20220075195A1
Автор: Marek W. Kowarz, Robert J. Schultz, Robert W. Gray
Принадлежит: Vuzix Corp

A method of fabricating a substrate includes providing a substrate having a flat surface and a beam writing system operable to write in a first direction and a second direction, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, The method further includes providing a diffraction grating layout pattern having a first diffraction grating, a second diffraction grating, and a third diffraction grating. The method also includes locating the substrate in the beam writing system, whereby the beam writing system is operable to write into the flat surface, and aligning one of the first, second, and third diffraction gratings parallel with the beam writing system first direction. Additionally, the method includes writing the diffraction grating layout pattern into the substrate flat surface via the beam writing machine.

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Номер записи: 75
21-02-2019 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OPTICAL FILTERING

Номер: US20190056544A1
Автор: BAHABAD Alon
Принадлежит:

An optical device comprises a first grating and a second grating formed on or attached to a dielectric layer, and configured to simultaneously couple an optical field interacting therewith into two distinct Fano-Feshbach resonances. 1. An optical device , comprising a first grating and a second grating formed on or attached to a dielectric layer and configured to simultaneously couple an optical field interacting therewith into two distinct Fano-Feshbach resonances.2. The device according to claim 1 , wherein said first grating and said second grating are dielectric gratings formed on the same side of said dielectric substrate.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein said first grating and said second grating are formed on the same side of a metallic layer attached to said dielectric substrate.4. The device of claim 1 , wherein said first grating and said second grating are formed on opposite sides of a metallic layer and wherein said dielectric layer is disposed on said first grating.5. The device according to claim 4 , wherein a vertical separation between said first grating and said second gratings claim 4 , perpendicularly to said metallic layer is from about 5 nm to about 20 nm claim 4 , e.g. claim 4 , about 10 nm.6. The optical device according to claim 3 , wherein said metallic layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of gold claim 3 , silver claim 3 , platinum claim 3 , aluminum claim 3 , copper claim 3 , rhodium claim 3 , iridium claim 3 , tungsten and molybdenum.7. The device according to claim 1 , wherein said first and said second gratings differ in at least one grating characteristic selected from the group consisting of a grating period claim 1 , a grating depth claim 1 , and a grating duty cycle.8. The device according to claim 1 , wherein each of said first grating and said second gratings has a grove depth of from about 10 nm to about 100 nm claim 1 , more preferably from about 30 nm to about 60 nm.9. The device according to claim 4 , ...

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Номер записи: 76
01-03-2018 дата публикации

DISPLAY PANEL AND DISPLAY DEVICE

Номер: US20180059471A1
Автор: CHEN Xiaochuan, GAO JIAN, LU Pengcheng, NIU Xiaochen, Wang Lei, WANG Qian, Xu Rui, ZHAO Wenqing
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure relates to a display panel and a display device. The display panel comprises a plurality of pixel units, each pixel unit including at least three sub-pixel units. A first micro-structure, a second micro-structure and a third micro-structure are respectively arranged between a side opposite to a light exit side of the display panel and a first sub-pixel unit, a second sub-pixel unit as well as a third sub-pixel unit. Incident light passing through the first micro-structure is emitted as light of a first color, incident light passing through the second micro-structure is emitted as light of a second color, and incident light passing through the third micro-structure is emitted as light of a third color. 1. A display panel , comprising a plurality of pixel units , each pixel unit including at least three sub-pixel units , whereina first micro-structure, a second micro-structure and a third micro-structure are respectively arranged between a side opposite to a light exit side of the display panel and a first sub-pixel unit, a second sub-pixel unit as well as a third sub-pixel unit in each pixel unit, andincident light passing through the first micro-structure is emitted as light of a first color, incident light passing through the second micro-structure is emitted as light of a second color, and incident light passing through the third micro-structure is emitted as light of a third color.2. The display panel according to claim 1 , further comprising: a first substrate and a second substrate arranged facing each other claim 1 , whereina side of the first substrate facing away from the second substrate is the light exit side of the display panel, andthe first micro-structure, the second micro-structure and the third micro-structure are located on a side of the second substrate facing the first substrate.3. The display panel according to claim 2 , whereineach of the first micro-structure, the second micro-structure and the third micro-structure ...

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Номер записи: 77
01-03-2018 дата публикации

POLARIZER, METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME, AND DISPLAY APPARATUS HAVING THE SAME

Номер: US20180059472A1
Автор: Jo Gugrae, KIM TAEWOO, Lee SangWook, Nam Jung Gun
Принадлежит:

A polarizer includes a base substrate, a wire grid layer having a plurality of protrusions forming a substantially uniform wire grid with a plurality of air gaps disposed between the protrusions, a first layer disposed on the wire grid layer, the first layer including silicon oxide; and a second layer disposed on the first layer, the second layer silicon nitride. Display apparatus incorporating the polarizer and methods of making the same also are disclosed. 1. A polarizer , comprising:a base substrate;a wire grid layer having a plurality of protrusions forming a substantially uniform wire grid with a plurality of air gaps disposed between the protrusions;a first layer disposed on the wire grid layer, the first layer comprising silicon oxide; anda second layer disposed on the first layer, the second layer comprising silicon nitride.2. The polarizer of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the air gaps includes a silicon oxide material adjacent to at least one of the protrusions.3. The polarizer of claim 1 , wherein the second layer comprises a capping layer having a thickness of about 4000 to about 10000 Å.4. The polarizer of claim 1 , wherein the first layer comprises a capping layer having a thickness of about 2000 Å or more.5. The polarizer of claim 1 , further comprising:a middle layer between the first layer and the second layer, the middle layer comprising silicon oxynitride.6. The polarizer of claim 5 , further comprising:a second middle layer on the second layer, the second middle layer comprising silicon oxynitride.7. A polarizer claim 5 , comprising:a base substrate;a wire grid layer having a plurality of protrusions forming a substantially uniform wire grid with a plurality of air gaps disposed between the protrusions;a first layer having a thickness and disposed on the wire grid, the first layer comprising silicon oxide, and silicon nitride, and wherein the ratio of silicon oxide to silicon nitride varies according to depth in its thickness.8. The polarizer ...

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Номер записи: 78
02-03-2017 дата публикации

LIGHTING APPARATUS WITH CORRESPONDING DIFFRACTIVE OPTICAL ELEMENT

Номер: US20170059873A1
Автор: CHERN JYH-LONG, YEN CHIH-MING
Принадлежит:

A lighting apparatus includes a laser source module and a diffractive optical module. The laser source module emits a laser beam. When the laser beam is operated in a transverse mode or a multi-transverse mode, the laser beam has a first laser beam pattern. The diffractive optical module is arranged in front of the laser source module or at a location that receives the laser beam, so that the laser beam is irradiated on the diffractive optical module. The diffractive optical module includes a first structure pattern corresponding to the first laser beam pattern. After the laser beam is diffracted by the first structure pattern, a first structured light with a first structured light pattern is generated. 1. A lighting apparatus , comprising:a laser source module emitting a laser beam, wherein when the laser beam is operated in a transverse mode or a multi-transverse mode, the laser beam has a first laser beam pattern; anda diffractive optical module arranged in front of the laser source module or at a location that receives the laser beam, so that the laser beam is irradiated on the diffractive optical module, wherein the diffractive optical module comprises a first structure pattern corresponding to the first laser beam pattern, wherein after the laser beam is diffracted by the first structure pattern, a first structured light with a first structured light pattern is generated.2. The lighting apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the laser source module is a semiconductor laser source or a laser diode that has coherence or partial coherence claim 1 , or the laser source module further comprises a non-linear optical crystal or a liquid to produce other light beams with different wavelengths or in different spectra.3. The lighting apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the first laser beam pattern is a ring-shaped pattern claim 1 , or a center of the first laser beam pattern is a hole without light pattern distribution.4. The lighting apparatus according to claim ...

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Номер записи: 79
20-02-2020 дата публикации

LOW-CONTRAST METASURFACES

Номер: US20200057182A1
Автор: COLBURN Shane, Majumdar Arka, ZHAN Alan
Принадлежит: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON

Disclosed herein are metasurfaces formed on a substrate from a plurality of posts. The metasurfaces are configured to be optically active at one or more wavelengths and in certain embodiments are configured to form lenses having unexpectedly strong focusing power. In particular, the metasurfaces are formed from “low-contrast” materials, including CMOS-compatible materials such as silicon dioxide or silicon nitride. Accordingly, the disclosed metasurfaces are generally CMOS compatible and therefore embody a new paradigm in metasurface design and manufacturing. 1a plurality of cylindrical posts formed from a first material and arranged on a substrate in a square pattern, wherein the plurality of cylindrical post are formed from a material having a first refractive index of 2.1 or less;interstices between individual posts of the plurality of cylindrical post comprising an interstitial substance with a second refractive index that is 0.6 to 1.1 less than the first refractive index;wherein the individual posts of the plurality of cylindrical posts have a diameter in a range of ⅛ of the first wavelength to ⅔ of the first wavelength;wherein the plurality of cylindrical posts have a periodicity in a range of 0.4 times the first wavelength to 1.0 times the first wavelength; andwherein the plurality of cylindrical posts have a thickness in a range of 0.5 times the first wavelength to 1.0 times the first wavelength.. A low-contrast metasurface having optical activity at a first wavelength, comprising: This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/758,686, filed Mar. 8, 2018, which is a National Stage of International Application No. PCT/US2016/050793, filed Sep. 8, 2016, which claims the benefit of U.S. Patent Application No. 62/215,518, filed Sep. 8, 2015, and of U.S. Patent Application No. 62/342,121, filed May 26, 2016, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.Conventional transmissive macroscopic optical ...

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Номер записи: 80
04-03-2021 дата публикации

System and method for high-resolution, high-speed capsule endomicroscopy

Номер: US20210063618A1
Автор: Guillermo J. Tearney, Jiheun Ryu
Принадлежит: General Hospital Corp

A probe for performing endomicroscopy, including: a light source; a waveguide coupled to the light source; a diffraction grating, the waveguide directing light from the light source to the diffraction grating; and a lens having a first aspheric surface and a second biconic surface, diffracted light from the diffraction grating being directed into the aspheric surface of the lens and being emitted from the biconic surface of the lens towards a transparent cylindrical surface of the probe.

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Номер записи: 81
22-05-2014 дата публикации

TIME DISPERSION COMPENSATING DEVICE APPLIED TO THE GENERATION OF ULTRA-SHORT LIGHT PULSES

Номер: US20140139921A1
Автор: FORGET Nicolas, Tournois Pierre
Принадлежит: FASTLITE

A device for compensating time dispersions applied to the generation of ultra-short pulses, includes: two transparent optical diffraction gratings (RA, RB), which are identical and parallel to each other, operating on the principle of the Bragg diffraction, and two identical prisms (PA, PB), placed head to tail, in the space separating the optical diffraction gratings (RA, RB), knowing that the outer faces (FeA, FeB) of the prisms are parallel to each other and form a non-zero angle (γ) with the faces of the optical diffraction gratings. 2. The device according to claim 1 , characterized in that it introduces a group delay time (t) whereof the variation as a function of the optical frequency (ν) compensates the variation of a group delay time (t) introduced by one or the group of the elements of an optical channel up to the 4order of the Taylor series of said delay time (t).3. A time dispersion compensating device claim 2 , characterized in that it comprises a first device according to and a second device claim 2 , the second device being oriented at 180° relative to the first device.4. A method for compressing laser pulses previously stretched by a dispersive optical device claim 1 , characterized in that it uses a device according to .5. A method for compensating the time dispersion of an acousto-optic filter claim 1 , which may or may not be programmable claim 1 , characterized in that it illustrates a device according to .6. A method for compressing laser pulses previously stretched by a dispersive optical device claim 2 , characterized in that it uses a device according to .7. A method for compressing laser pulses previously stretched by a dispersive optical device claim 3 , characterized in that it uses a device according to .8. A method for compensating the time dispersion of an acousto-optic filter claim 2 , which may or may not be programmable claim 2 , characterized in that it illustrates a device according to .9. A method for compensating the time ...

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Номер записи: 82
22-05-2014 дата публикации

Diffraction optical element and manufacturing method therefor

Номер: US20140139923A1
Автор: Akiko Murata, Tatsutoshi Suenaga, Yuka Okada
Принадлежит: Panasonic Corp

A diffractive optical element disclosed in the present application includes: a base which is made of a first optical material containing a first resin and which has a diffraction grating in its surface; and an optical adjustment layer which is made of a second optical material containing a second resin and inorganic particles and which is provided on the base so as to cover the diffraction grating, wherein ΔSP which is defined by a formula shown below is not less than −0.7 and not more than +0.7 [cal/cm 3 ] 1/2 : ΔSP=[a solubility parameter of the second resin]−[a solubility parameter of the first resin], and a design order of diffraction caused by the diffraction grating is n th order, and unwanted order diffracted light of n+1 th order in a wavelength range of not less than 400 nm and not more than 700 nm is not more than 7%.

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Номер записи: 83
04-03-2021 дата публикации

Projection Module and Terminal

Номер: US20210067619A1
Автор: Wang Lu
Принадлежит:

A projection module and a terminal are provided. The projection module includes a base, a housing, a first light source, a second light source and an optical element. The housing is disposed on the base, and defines an accommodating cavity together with the base. The first light source is disposed on the base and arranged in the accommodating cavity. The second light source is disposed on the base and arranged in the accommodating cavity. The optical element is disposed on the housing and includes a diffraction area and a diffusion area. The first light source aligns with the diffraction area, the second light source aligns with the diffusion area, the diffraction area is configured to diffract light passing through the diffraction area, and the diffusion area is configured to diffuse light passing through the diffusion area. 1. A projection module , comprising:a base;a housing disposed on the base and defining an accommodating cavity together with the base;a first light source disposed on the base and arranged in the accommodating cavity;a second light source disposed on the base and arranged in the accommodating cavity; andan optical element disposed on the housing and comprising a diffraction area and a diffusion area, the first light source aligning with the diffraction area, the second light source aligning with the diffusion area, the diffraction area being configured to diffract light passing through the diffraction area, and the diffusion area being configured to diffuse light passing through the diffusion area.2. The projection module according to claim 1 , further comprising a spacer configured to divide the accommodating cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity claim 1 , the first light source being arranged in the first cavity claim 1 , and the second light source being arranged in the second cavity.3. The projection module according to claim 2 , wherein the spacer has one end abutting against the base claim 2 , and the other end abutting against ...

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Номер записи: 84
17-03-2022 дата публикации

Reconstructing objects with display zero order light suppression

Номер: US20220082998A1
Автор: Jonathan Seamus Blackley, Kamran Qaderi, Robert Alan Hess, Stephen John Hart
Принадлежит: Pacific Light and Hologram Inc

Methods, apparatus, devices, and systems for reconstructing three-dimensional objects with display zero order light suppression are provided. In one aspect, a method includes illuminating a display with light, a portion of the light illuminating display elements of the display, and modulating the display elements of the display with a hologram corresponding to holographic data to diffract the portion of the light to form a holographic scene corresponding to the holographic data, and to suppress display zero order light in the holographic scene. The display zero order light can include reflected light from the display.

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Номер записи: 85
17-03-2022 дата публикации

DISPLAYING THREE-DIMENSIONAL OBJECTS

Номер: US20220083006A1
Автор: Blackley Jonathan Seamus, Hart Stephen John, Hess Robert Alan, Qaderi Kamran
Принадлежит:

Methods, apparatus, devices, and systems for displaying three-dimensional objects by individually diffracting different colors of light are provided. In one aspect, an optical device includes: a first optically diffractive component including a first diffractive structure configured to diffract a first color of light having a first incident angle at a first diffracted angle, a second optically diffractive component including a second diffractive structure configured to diffract a second color of light having a second incident angle at a second diffracted angle, a first reflective layer configured to totally reflect the first color of light having the first incident angle and transmit the second color of light, and a second reflective layer configured to totally reflect the second color of light having the second incident angle. The first reflective layer is between the first and second diffractive structures, and the second diffractive structure is between the first and second reflective layers. 1271.-. (canceled)272. An optical device comprising:a first optically diffractive component comprising a first diffractive structure configured to diffract a first color of light having a first incident angle at a first diffracted angle;a second optically diffractive component comprising a second diffractive structure configured to diffract a second color of light having a second incident angle at a second diffracted angle;a first reflective layer configured to totally reflect the first color of light having the first incident angle and transmit the second color of light having the second incident angle; anda second reflective layer configured to totally reflect the second color of light having the second incident angle,wherein the first reflective layer is between the first and second diffractive structures, and the second diffractive structure is between the first and second reflective layers.273. The optical device of claim 272 , further comprising:a color-selective ...

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Номер записи: 86
28-02-2019 дата публикации

METROLOGY METHOD, TARGET AND SUBSTRATE

Номер: US20190064677A1
Автор: Boef Arie Jeffrey den, EBERT Martin, Jak Martin Jacobus Johan
Принадлежит: ASML Netherlands B.V.

A method, involving illuminating at least a first periodic structure of a metrology target with a first radiation beam having a first polarization, illuminating at least a second periodic structure of the metrology target with a second radiation beam having a second different polarization, combining radiation diffracted from the first periodic structure with radiation diffracted from the second periodic structure to cause interference, detecting the combined radiation using a detector, and determining a parameter of interest from the detected combined radiation. 1. A method , comprising:illuminating at least a first periodic structure of a metrology target with a first radiation beam having a first polarization;illuminating at least a second periodic structure of the metrology target with a second radiation beam having a second different polarization;combining radiation diffracted from the first periodic structure with radiation diffracted from the second periodic structure to cause interference;detecting the combined radiation using a detector; anddetermining a parameter of interest from the detected combined radiation.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second polarization is substantially orthogonal to the first polarization.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first and second radiation beams are coherent with respect to each other.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising using a beam splitter to split an incoming beam into the first radiation beam having the first polarization and the second radiation beam having the second polarization.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein a center of a spot of the first radiation beam on the metrology target is laterally displaced from a center of a spot of the second radiation beam on the metrology target.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein at least part of the second periodic structure does not overlie at least part of the first periodic structure and the center of the spot of the first radiation beam is incident on ...

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Номер записи: 87
11-03-2021 дата публикации

MEMs Phased-Array for LiDAR Applications

Номер: US20210072531A1
Автор: Ashida Yuki, Eng Lars, Hamann Stephen, Hunter James, Payne Alexander, Solgaard Olav
Принадлежит: SCREEN HOLDINGS CO., LTD.

An optical scanner including micro-electromechanical system phased-arrays suitable for use in a LiDAR system, and methods of operating the same are described. Generally, the scanner includes an optical transmitter having first phased-arrays to receive light from a light source, form a swath of illumination in a far field scene and to modulate phases of the light to sweep or steer the swath over the scene in two-dimensions (2D). An optical receiver in the scanner includes second phased-arrays to receive light from the far field scene and direct at least some of the light onto a detector. The second phased-arrays are configured to de-scan the received light by directing light reflected from the far field scene onto the detector while rejecting background light. In one embodiment the second phased-arrays direct light from a slice of the far field scene onto a 1D detector array. 1. An optical scanner comprising:an optical transmitter to receive light from a light source and to modulate phases of at least some of the received light to project light onto a far field scene in two-dimensions, the two-dimensions including a first direction over which the light is dispersed to form a swath of illumination and a second dimension over which the swath is steered by modulating phases of the light received from the light source; andan optical receiver including a number of first microelectromechanical system (MEMS) phased-arrays to receive light from the far field scene and to direct at least some of the received light onto a detector,wherein the number of first MEMS phased-arrays are configured to de-scan the received light by directing light from the light source reflected from the far field scene onto the detector while rejecting background light.2. The optical scanner of the optical transmitter comprises a number of second MEMS phased-arrays to receive light from the light source and to modulate phases of at least some of the received light to project light onto the far field ...

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Номер записи: 88
09-03-2017 дата публикации

Systems with Integrated Refractive and Diffractive Optics

Номер: US20170070687A1
Автор: Jay Endsley
Принадлежит: RAMBUS INC

An imaging system includes a refractive optical element and one or more diffractive optical gratings disposed over a two-dimensional array of photosensitive pixels. The different gratings present different patterns and features that are tailored to produce point-spread responses that emphasize different properties of an imaged scene. The different responses are captured by the pixels, and data captured from the responses can be used separately or together to analyze aspects of the scene. The imaging systems can include circuitry to analyze the image data, and to support modes that select between point-spread responses, selections of the pixels, and algorithms for analyzing image data.

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Номер записи: 89
24-03-2022 дата публикации

MULTILAYERED STRUCTURES AND USES THEREOF IN SECURITY MARKINGS

Номер: US20220088846A1
Автор: Baer Eric, HORE Michael, LI Zhenpeng, Olah Andy, Zhang Cong
Принадлежит:

A security marking has a physically unclonable function (PUF) wherein the PUF includes a disordered multilayer photonic crystal structure having an electromagnetic transmission and/or reflection spectrum and/or spectra upon receipt of electromagnetic radiation within a photonic bandgap region of the structure that is unique to the structure. 1. A method of producing a plurality of security markings , the method comprising:multilayer coextruding one or more polymer materials to form disordered and/or non-uniform polymer layers and multiplying the disordered and/or non-uniform polymer layers to form a film that has a randomness defined by disorder and/or non-uniformity within the film that result from the multilayer coextrusion and multiplying processes, wherein the film includes a plurality of regions and wherein each region has an electromagnetic transmission and/or reflection spectrum and/or spectra upon receipt of electromagnetic radiation within a photonic bandgap region of the film that is unique to the region of the film.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of regions are arranged along a length and/or width of the film and each region extends the thickness of the film.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising separating the regions to provide a plurality of separated film regions claim 1 , wherein the plurality of separated film regions define at least a portion of the plurality of security markings.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the film includes polymer layers with dissimilar indices of refraction.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the multilayer coextrusion and multiplying processes produce a plurality of first polymer layers of a first polymer material and second polymer layers of a second polymer material that are stacked.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the first polymer layers and the second polymer layers are randomly stacked and/or the thicknesses of at least some of the plurality of the first polymer layers or the second polymer ...

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Номер записи: 90
05-03-2020 дата публикации

LAMINATE COMPRISING A RELIEF STRUCTURE FORMING LAYER AND A MANUFACTURING METHOD FOR SAME

Номер: US20200070467A1
Автор: YASHIKI Kazuhiro
Принадлежит:

This invention aims to provide a novel laminate in which a first layer is formed with high positional accuracy, and to provide a manufacturing method thereof. In the laminate of this invention, a relief structure forming layer includes a first region having an indented structure extending in a first direction or a direction tilted by an angle within 10 degrees to the left or right from the first direction in a plan view, and a second region including an indented structure extending in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction or a direction tilted by an angle within 65 degrees to the left or right from the second direction in a plan view. The first layer contains a first material which is different from a material of the relief structure forming layer, and has a surface shape corresponding to that of the relief structure forming layer. 1. A laminate comprising:a relief structure forming layer having a principal surface including first and second regions; anda first layer provided either only in the second region or in the second region as well as in part of the first region of the relief structure forming layer, the first region having an indented structure extending in a first direction or a direction tilted by an angle within 10 degrees to left or right from the first direction in a plan view, and', 'the second region having at least one of a flat surface and an indented structure extending in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction or a direction tilted by an angle within 65 degrees to left or right from the second direction in a plan view, and, 'wherein the relief structure forming layer comprises'}wherein the first layer comprises a first material different from a material of the relief structure forming layer, and has a surface shape corresponding to a surface shape of the relief structure forming layer.2. The laminate according to claim 1 , whereinthe second region comprises a plurality of subregions, andbetween two of the subregions, ...

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Номер записи: 91
07-03-2019 дата публикации

OPTICAL TEST SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DETERMINING SIZE OF GAP BETWEEN TWO SUBSTRATES OF OPTICAL ELEMENT

Номер: US20190072454A1
Автор: HONG Chih-Ming, Lee Clark, Lin Hsun-Peng, LO Yi-Chuan
Принадлежит:

An optical test method is provided. The optical test method includes emitting light through a gap between two substrates of a tested optical element disposed on a holder to generate a plurality of light beams. The optical test method further includes driving the holder with the tested optical element to move to N positions. The optical test method also includes receiving one of the light beams from the tested optical element in the N positions to generate N first intensity signals. In addition, the optical test method includes determining the size of the gap of the tested optical element according to the N first intensity signals and reference data. 1. An optical test method , comprising:emitting light through a gap between two substrates of a tested optical element disposed on a holder to generate a plurality of light beams;driving the holder with the tested optical element to move to N positions, wherein N is a natural number greater than 2;receiving one of the plurality of light beams from the tested optical element in the N positions to generate N first intensity signals; anddetermining the size of the gap of the tested optical element according to the N first intensity signals and reference data.2. The optical test method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the reference data comprises multiple sets of sample intensity signals corresponding to a plurality of optical element models which respectively have a gap between two substrates of each of the optical element models claim 1 , the sizes of the gaps of the optical element models are different claim 1 , and each set of sample intensity signals comprises N second intensity signals corresponding to one of the optical element models in the N positions.3. The optical test method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the operation of determining the size of the gap of the tested optical element further comprises:calculating intensity differences between the N first intensity signals and the N second intensity signals of each ...

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Номер записи: 92
07-03-2019 дата публикации

X-RAY IMAGING APPARATUS

Номер: US20190072503A1
Автор: DOKI Takahiro, HORIBA Akira, Kimura Kenji, MIZUSHIMA Hiroshi, Morimoto Naoki, SANO Satoshi, SHIRAI Taro
Принадлежит:

The X-ray imaging apparatus is provided with a plurality of gratings including an X-ray source and a first grating, a detector, a grating rotation mechanism for rotating a plurality of gratings respectively, and an image processor for generating at least a dark field image. The image processor is configured to generate a dark field image captured by arranging the grating at a plurality of angles in a plane orthogonal to the optical axis direction. 1. An X-ray imaging apparatus comprising:an X-ray source;a plurality of gratings including a first grating for forming a self-image by X-rays irradiated from the X-ray source and a second grating for causing interference with the self-image of the first grating;a detector configured to detect the X-rays irradiated from the X-ray source;a grating rotation mechanism configured to rotate each of the plurality of gratings in a plane orthogonal to an optical axis direction of the X-rays; andan image processor configured to generate at least a dark field image from an intensity distribution of the X-rays detected by the detector,wherein the image processor is configured to generate the dark field image captured by arranging the gratings at a plurality of angles in the plane orthogonal to the optical axis direction.2. The X-ray imaging apparatus as recited in claim 1 , whereinthe grating rotation mechanism is configured to arrange the plurality of gratings in at least any two directions among a vertical direction, a lateral direction, and an oblique direction in the plane orthogonal to the optical axis direction.3. The X-ray imaging apparatus as recited in claim 1 , further comprising:a grating moving mechanism configured to move at least one of the plurality of gratings,wherein the grating moving mechanism is configured to move the at least one of the plurality of gratings together with the grating rotation mechanism after rotating the plurality of gratings.4. The X-ray imaging apparatus as recited in claim 3 , whereinthe ...

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Номер записи: 93
15-03-2018 дата публикации

Diffractive optical element and method of manufacturing the same

Номер: US20180074239A1
Автор: Maiko Niwa
Принадлежит: Canon Inc

A diffractive optical element prevents degradation of the optical performance of the element due to moisture absorption of the resin layers from taking place and also can prevent cracks of the resin layers and peeling of the resin layers along the interface thereof from taking place in a hot environment or in a cold environment. The diffractive optical element comprises a first layer and a second layer sequentially laid on a substrate, a diffraction grating being formed at the interface of the first layer and the second layer, the height d of the diffraction grating, the average film thickness t1 of the first layer and the average film thickness t2 of the second layer satisfying the relationship requirements expressed by the expressions of 1.1×d≦t 1 ≦50 μm and 30 μm≦t 2 ≦(400 μm−t 1 −d).

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Номер записи: 94
15-03-2018 дата публикации

WAVEGUIDE GRATING DEVICE

Номер: US20180074265A1
Автор: Brown Robert D., GRANT Alastair John, Popovich Milan Momcilo, STANLEY James H., Waldern Jonathan David
Принадлежит:

An optical waveguide display comprises: a waveguide; a source of light modulated with temporally-varying angularly-distributed information; a fold grating providing a first beam expansion; an input coupler for directing light into total internal reflection paths in a first propagation direction: and an output grating for providing a second beam expansion and extracting light from the waveguide. The input light undergoes at least two diffractions within the fold grating, each diffraction directing light into a unique total internal reflection angular range along a second propagation direction. 1. An optical waveguide display comprising:a waveguide;a source of light modulated with temporally-varying angularly-distributed information;a fold grating of a first prescription disposed in said waveguide:an input coupler for directing said light into total internal reflection (TIR) paths in a first propagation direction in said waveguide; andan output grating for extracting said light from said waveguide,said fold grating providing a first beam expansion, said output grating providing a second beam expansion, wherein said fold grating diffracts light in said first propagation direction into a second propagation direction, wherein light in a first TIR angular range in said first propagation direction undergoes at least two diffractions within said fold grating, wherein each ray from said first angular range and its corresponding diffracted rays lie on a diffraction cone of said fold grating, wherein each diffraction provides a unique TIR angular range along said second propagation direction.2. The optical waveguide of claim 1 , wherein a ray from said first angular range and its corresponding diffracted ray are each offset from said diffraction cone by an angle not exceeding half the diffraction angular bandwidth of said fold grating.3. The optical waveguide of claim 1 , wherein each said unique TIR angular range provides a unique diffraction of versus angle characteristic.4. ...

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Номер записи: 95
07-03-2019 дата публикации

Waveguide Grating Device

Номер: US20190072723A1
Автор: Brown Robert D., GRANT Alastair John, Popovich Milan Momcilo, STANLEY James H., Waldern Jonathan David
Принадлежит:

An optical waveguide comprises at least two TIR surface and contains a grating. Input TIR light with a first angular range along a first propagation direction undergoes at least two diffractions at the grating. Each diffraction directs light into a unique TIR angular range along a second propagation direction. 1. An optical waveguide comprising:first and second gratings:a light source; anda coupler for directing light from said source into a total internal reflection path in said waveguide,wherein said first grating is configured to diffract incident light in a first angular range at least twice and deflect it into a first propagation direction, wherein each diffraction provides a unique diffraction efficiency versus angle characteristic along said first propagation direction,wherein said second grating is configured to diffract incident light in a second angular range at least twice and deflect it into a second propagation direction, wherein each diffraction provides a unique diffraction efficiency versus angle characteristic along said second propagation direction,wherein in each said grating said diffracted rays and the corresponding incident ray lie on a diffraction cone of said grating,wherein said gratings provide beam expansion and extract light from said waveguide.2. The optical waveguide of wherein said first and second gratings are fold gratings.3. The optical waveguide of wherein said first and second gratings are multiplexed.4. The optical waveguide of wherein said first and second gratings overlap.5. The optical waveguide of wherein said input light is modulated with temporally-varying angularly-distributed information content.6. The optical waveguide of wherein said coupler is a grating or a prism.7. The optical waveguide of wherein in each said grating one of said diffractive efficiency versus angle characteristics corresponds to rays that do not meet the condition for total internal reflection at a reflecting surface of said waveguide.8. The optical ...

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Номер записи: 96
07-03-2019 дата публикации

OCULAR OPTICAL SYSTEM AND HEAD-MOUNTED DISPLAY

Номер: US20190072763A1
Автор: Matsumoto Miho, SEKINE Atsushi, TAKAGI Hidetsugu
Принадлежит: NIKON CORPORATION

An ocular optical system (EL) comprises, in order from an eye point (EP), a first lens group (G) having a positive refractive power and a second lens group (G) having a positive refractive power. The second lens group (G) includes a cemented lens having two optical members cemented together. A cemented surface of the cemented lens is a diffraction optical surface configuring a diffraction grating. A lens surface on one side in a lens constituting the first lens group (G) is a first Fresnel surface (FSa), and a lens surface on one side in the cemented lens of the second lens group (G) is a second Fresnel surface (FSb). 1. An ocular optical system , comprising , in order from an eye point , a first lens group having a positive refractive power and a second lens group having a positive refractive power , whereinone of the first lens group and the second lens group includes a cemented lens having at least two optical members cemented together;a cemented surface of the cemented lens is a diffraction optical surface configuring a diffraction grating; andat least any one of lens surfaces of lenses constituting the first lens group and the second lens group is a Fresnel surface.2. The ocular optical system according to claim 1 , wherein the lens surface on one side in the cemented lens is the Fresnel surface.3. The ocular optical system according to claim 2 , wherein a lens surface different from the Fresnel surface in the cemented lens is an aspherical surface.4. The ocular optical system according to claim 1 , wherein a lens group without including the cemented lens of the first lens group and the second lens group comprises at least one lens claim 1 , and a lens surface on one side in the one lens is the Fresnel surface.5. The ocular optical system according to claim 1 , wherein one of the first lens group and the second lens group consists of the cemented lens having the positive refractive power; andthe other of the first lens group and the second lens group consists ...

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Номер записи: 97
05-03-2020 дата публикации

DIFFRACTIVE OPTICAL ELEMENT

Номер: US20200073030A1
Автор: TOYAMA Nobuhito
Принадлежит: Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd.

A diffractive optical element, in which a diffraction grating having a large pitch and a multitude of diffraction gratings can be arranged, includes a plurality of cells arranged side by side, wherein, for each cell, the pitch at which projections are lined up and/or the orientation of an in-plane rotation direction are/is different, and, within a single cell, the projections' pitch and the in-plane rotation direction orientation are the same, the diffractive optical element shaping light by this configuration which is an assembly of these cells. The plurality of cells include: a plurality of basic cells having the same outer shape; and a composite cell having a different outer shape from the basic cells, formed such that the length thereof in a specific direction is longer than the length of the basic cell, the composite cell having a diffraction grating including at least a single pitch's worth of the projection(s). 1. A diffractive optical element comprising a diffraction layer , the diffraction layer includinga high refractive index part in which a plurality of projections is arranged side by side in a cross-sectional shape, anda low refractive index part that has a lower refractive index than a refractive index of the high refractive index part and includes at least a recess formed between the projections,a plurality of cells being arranged side by side, at least one of a pitch at which the projections are arranged and arrangement in an in-plane rotation direction being different for each cell, the pitch of the projections and the arrangement in the in-plane rotation direction being the same in the same cell, light being shaped by a configuration as an assembly of the cells,wherein the plurality of cells includesa plurality of basic cells having the same outer shapes of the cells, anda composite cell corresponding to a cell having a different outer shape from an outer shape of the basic cells and having a diffraction grating that has a length in a specific ...

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Номер записи: 98
18-03-2021 дата публикации

ILLUMINATION OPTICAL SYSTEM

Номер: US20210080075A1
Автор: ISHII Kenta, Kinoshita Kayuri, Konishi Sadayuki, Sakagami Norihisa, Seki Daisuke
Принадлежит:

An illumination optical system having a light source and a single convex lens with a diffractive structure, wherein the phase function of the diffractive structure is represented by 2. The illumination optical system according to wherein the surface of the light source is placed such that distance between the surface of the light source and a curved surface representing curvature of field of the lens when the light source side of the lens is defined as the image side is equal to or less than 3% of the focal length of the lens.3. The illumination optical system according to wherein the second derivative with respect to r of the phase function has at least one extreme value and at least one point of inflection in the range of r where r is greater than 50% of the effective radius of the lens claim 1 , and the diffractive structure is provided at least partially on the surface in the range of r where r is greater than 50% of the effective radius of the lens.5. The illumination optical system according to wherein 84 and βare negative and βis positive.6. The illumination optical system according to wherein depth of the diffractive structure is corrected depending on r.7. The illumination optical system according to wherein the both side surfaces of the lens are convex.8. The illumination optical system according to wherein the surface of the light source is placed such that distance between the surface of the light source and a curved surface representing curvature of field of the lens when the light source side of the lens is defined as the image side is equal to or less than 1% of the focal length of the lens. This is a Continuation of International Patent Application No. PCT/JP2018/030200 filed Aug. 13, 2018, which designates the U.S.The present invention relates to an illumination optical system used for headlamps of vehicles or the like.In an illumination optical system used for headlamps of vehicles or the like, chromatic aberrations of lenses problematically cause ...

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Номер записи: 99
18-03-2021 дата публикации

DIFFRACTIVE GRATING

Номер: US20210080628A1
Автор: Blomstedt Kasimir, Rahomäki Jussi, Vartiainen Ismo
Принадлежит: DISPELIX OY

The invention relates to a selective diffractive grating and applications thereof. The grating comprised in a periodic alternating pattern first material having a first dispersion curve (n), and second material having a second dispersion curve (n) different from the first dispersion curve (n). According to the invention, the first and second dispersion curves (n−i, n 2) intersect each other at two or more different wavelengths (λλ). 1. A two-dimensional waveguide comprising a diffractive grating arranged on a surface or within the waveguide , the diffractive grating comprising in a periodic alternating patternfirst material having a first dispersion curve,second material having a second dispersion curve different from the first dispersion curve, whereinsaid first and second dispersion curves intersect each other at two or more different wavelengths.2. The waveguide according to claim 1 , wherein said different wavelengths are within the wavelength range of 380-750 nm claim 1 , separated by at least 50 nm.3. The waveguide according to or claim 1 , wherein at least one of said materials is SiN.4. The waveguide according to any of the preceding claims claim 1 , wherein at least one of said materials is TiO claim 1 , HfOor ZrO.5. The waveguide according to any of the preceding claims claim 1 , wherein the dispersion curves differ at least at some wavelength within the range of 380-750 nm by at least 0.05 units claim 1 , in particular at least 0.1 units.6. The waveguide according to any of the preceding claims claim 1 , wherein the grating is arranged on a major surface of the waveguide.7. The waveguide according to any of the preceding claims claim 1 , comprising a stack of such gratings with different intersection wavelengths.8. The waveguide according to claim 7 , wherein the intersection wavelengths of the stack of gratings is adapted so that each grating has one intersection wavelength common with one intersection wavelength of each other grating of the stack.9. The ...

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Номер записи: 100