Настройки

Укажите год
-

Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

Подробнее
-

Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

Подробнее

Форма поиска

Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
Ведите корректный номера.
Ведите корректный номера.
Ведите корректный номера.
Ведите корректный номера.
Укажите год
Укажите год

Применить Всего найдено 11342. Отображено 100.
12-01-2012 дата публикации

Compression arrangement for fuel or electrolysis cells in a fuel cell stack or an electrolysis cell stack

Номер: US20120009499A1
Принадлежит: Topsoe Fuel Cell AS

A fuel cell stack or an electrolysis cell stack comprises a plurality of cells, which need to be compressed to ensure and maintain internal contact. To achieve an evenly distributed compression force throughout the electrochemically active area a frame with a central aperture is positioned on top of the cell stack between a resilient plate and a top plate. The enclosed aperture forms a compression chamber which is provided with pressurised gas from the cathode inlet, whereby an evenly distributed force is applied to the electrochemically area of the cell stack by the resilient plate.

Подробнее
26-01-2012 дата публикации

Fuel cell assembly and fuel cell device

Номер: US20120021327A1
Принадлежит: TOTO LTD

The fuel cell assembly of the present invention comprises a first fuel cell, a second fuel cell disposed adjacent to the first fuel cell, and a current collector for electrically connecting the first fuel cell and the second fuel cell. The first fuel cell and the second fuel cell are respectively furnished with an electrical generating portion for generating electricity, each of the electrical generation portion having a first electrode through the interior of which a first gas flows, a second electrode of a polarity different from the first electrode, on the exterior of which a second gas flows, and an electrolyte disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The current collector distributes and sources the current generated in the first fuel cell generating portion from two different locations on the first electrode on the first fuel cell to the second electrode of the second fuel cell.

Подробнее
02-02-2012 дата публикации

Compression casing for a fuel cell stack and a method for manufacturing a compression casing for a fuel cell stack

Номер: US20120028159A1
Принадлежит: Topsoe Fuel Cell AS

A fuel cell or electrolysis cell stack has force distribution members with one planar and one convex shape applied to at least its top and bottom face and in one embodiment further to two of its side faces. A compressed mat and further a rigid fixing collar surrounds the stack and force distribution members, whereby the stack is submitted to a compression force on at least the top and bottom face and potentially also to two side faces. The assembly is substantially gas tight in an axial direction of the primarily oval or circular shape and can be fitted with gas tight end plates to form robust gas inlet and outlet manifolds.

Подробнее
16-02-2012 дата публикации

Solid oxide fuel cell including a coupling structure

Номер: US20120040267A1

A solid oxide fuel cell having a coupling structure, the solid oxide fuel cell including a plurality of cells, each cell having a cell cap at an end thereof; and the coupling structure, the coupling structure connecting the plurality of cells, wherein the coupling structure includes a connector, the connector including an insulating portion at a center thereof, and coupling portions adjacent to the insulating portion at respective sides of the insulating portion and coupled to the cell caps.

Подробнее
03-05-2012 дата публикации

Structure of solid oxide fuel cell

Номер: US20120107715A1
Принадлежит: NGK Insulators Ltd

On each of upper and lower surfaces of a flat-plate-like support substrate having a longitudinal direction and having fuel gas flow channels formed therein, a plurality of power-generating elements A connected electrically in series are disposed at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction. On each of the upper and lower surfaces of the support substrate, a plurality of recesses are formed at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction. Each of the recesses is a rectangular-parallelepiped-like depression defined by four side walls arranged in a circumferentially closed manner and a bottom wall. That is, in the support substrate, frames are formed to surround the respective recesses. Fuel electrodes of the power-generating elements A are embedded in the respective recesses, and inter connectors are embedded in respective recesses formed on the outer surfaces of the fuel electrodes.

Подробнее
03-05-2012 дата публикации

Apparatus and method for generating electricity in liquefied natural gas carrier

Номер: US20120108117A1

Provided is an apparatus for generating electricity required by an LNG carrier which stores LNG, which is obtained by liquefying natural gas to ultra low temperature in a gas field, in an LNG storage tank and carries the stored LNG. The apparatus includes: a reformer reforming boil-off gas occurring in the LNG storage tank and producing synthetic gas; and a fuel cell generating electricity through an electrochemical reaction of the synthetic gas produced by the reformer.

Подробнее
10-05-2012 дата публикации

Process for producing fuel cell catalyst, fuel cell catalyst obtained by production process, and uses thereof

Номер: US20120115064A1
Принадлежит: Showa Denko KK

It is an object of the present invention to provide a production process which can produce a fuel cell catalyst having excellent durability and high oxygen reducing activity. The process for producing a fuel cell catalyst including a metal-containing oxycarbonitride of the present invention includes a grinding step for grinding the oxycarbonitride using a ball mill, wherein the metal-containing oxycarbonitride is represented by a specific compositional formula; balls in the ball mill have a diameter of 0.1 to 1.0 mm; the grinding time using the ball mill is 1 to 45 minutes; the rotating centrifugal acceleration in grinding using the ball mill is 2 to 20 G; the grinding using the ball mill is carried out in such a state that the metal-containing oxycarbonitride is mixed with a solvent containing no oxygen atom in the molecule; and when the ball mill is a planetary ball mill, the orbital centrifugal acceleration mill is 5 to 50 G.

Подробнее
12-07-2012 дата публикации

Hot zone igniter

Номер: US20120175405A1
Принадлежит: Delphi Technologies Inc

A method is provided for brazing a metal leadframe clip to an electrical resistance heating tip for an electrical resistance igniter, wherein the electrical resistance heating tip includes silicon carbide. The method includes forming a layer of SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 on a surface of the electrical resistance heating tip; applying a braze alloy paste between the layer of SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 and the metal leadframe clip; and heating the braze alloy, the metal leadframe clip and the electrical resistance heating tip to fuse the braze alloy.

Подробнее
12-07-2012 дата публикации

Cathode material for fuel cell, cathode for fuel cell including the same, method of manufacturing the cathode, and solid oxide fuel cell including the cathode

Номер: US20120178016A1

A cathode material for a fuel cell, the cathode material for a fuel cell including a lanthanide metal oxide having a perovskite crystal structure; and a bismuth metal oxide represented by Chemical Formula 1 below, Bi 2-x-y A x B y O 3 ,  Chemical Formula 1 wherein A and B are each a metal with a valence of 3, A and B are each independently at least one element selected from a rare earth element and a transition metal element, A and B are different from each other, and 0<x≦0.3 and 0<y≦0.3.

Подробнее
16-08-2012 дата публикации

Fuel cell system

Номер: US20120208098A1
Принадлежит: Aisin Seiki Co Ltd, Osaka Gas Co Ltd

A fuel cell system includes a source gas passage including a first desulfurizer that has a desulfurization performance relative to a source gas having a relatively higher dew point, and a second desulfurizer that has the desulfurization performance relative to a source gas having a relatively lower dew point and the source gas having the relatively higher dew point. The desulfurization performance of the second desulfurizer relative to the source gas having the relatively higher dew point is lower than the desulfurization performance of the second desulfurizer relative to the source gas having the relatively lower dew point. The first desulfurizer, the second desulfurizer, and a flowmeter are arranged at the source gas passage in the aforementioned order from an upstream side to a downstream side of the source gas passage in a flow direction of the source gas.

Подробнее
30-08-2012 дата публикации

Carbon Dioxide Permeable Membrane

Номер: US20120219483A1
Принадлежит: Columbia University of New York

A carbon dioxide permeable membrane is described. In some embodiments, the membrane includes a body having a first side and an opposite second side; a plurality of first regions formed from a molten carbonate having a temperature of about 400 degrees Celsius to about 1200 degrees Celsius, the plurality of first regions forming a portion of the body and the plurality of first regions extending from the first side of the body to the second side of the body; a plurality of second regions formed from an oxygen conductive solid oxide, the plurality of second regions combining with the plurality of first regions to form the body and the plurality of second regions extending from the first side of the body to the second side of the body; and the body is configured to allow carbon dioxide to pass from the first side to the second side.

Подробнее
13-09-2012 дата публикации

Porous ceramic molten metal composite solid oxide fuel cell anode

Номер: US20120231366A1

A fuel cell anode comprises a porous ceramic molten metal composite of a metal or metal alloy, for example, tin or a tin alloy, infused in a ceramic where the metal is liquid at the temperatures of an operational solid oxide fuel cell, exhibiting high oxygen ion mobility. The anode can be employed in a SOFC with a thin electrolyte that can be a ceramic of the same or similar composition to that infused with the liquid metal of the porous ceramic molten metal composite anode. The thicknesses of the electrolyte can be reduced to a minimum that allows greater efficiencies of the SOFC thereby constructed.

Подробнее
13-09-2012 дата публикации

Process for production of scandia-stabilized zirconia sheet, scandia-stabilized zirconia sheet obtained by the process, and scandia-stabilized zirconia sintered powder

Номер: US20120231368A1
Принадлежит: NIPPON SHOKUBAI CO LTD

The process for production of a scandia-stabilized zirconia sheet according to the present invention is characterized in comprising the steps of pulverizing a scandia-stabilized zirconia sintered body to obtain a scandia-stabilized zirconia sintered powder having an average particle diameter (De) determined using a transmission electron microscope of more than 0.3 μm and not more than 1.5 μm, and an average particle diameter (Dr) determined by a laser scattering method of more than 0.3 μm and not more than 3.0 μm, and a ratio (Dr/De) of the average particle diameter determined by the laser scattering method to the average particle diameter determined using the transmission electron microscope of not less than 1.0 and not more than 2.5; preparing a slurry containing the scandia-stabilized zirconia sintered powder and a zirconia unsintered powder, wherein a percentage of the scandia-stabilized zirconia sintered powder to a sum of the scandia-stabilized zirconia sintered powder and the zirconia unsintered powder in the slurry is not less than 2 mass % and not more than 40 mass %; forming the slurry into a greensheet; and sintering the greensheet.

Подробнее
25-10-2012 дата публикации

Fuel cell system and operating method for fuel cell system

Номер: US20120270124A1
Принадлежит: Kyocera Corp, Toyota Motor Corp

A fuel cell system includes: a fuel cell that generates power using an oxidant gas and a fuel gas; estimating means for estimating an electric resistance of the fuel cell in accordance with a voltage and a current of the fuel cell; and temperature controlling means for performing control to raise a temperature of the fuel cell when the electric resistance estimated by the estimating means exceeds a target electric resistance range and reduce the temperature of the fuel cell when the estimated electric resistance falls below the target electric resistance range.

Подробнее
06-12-2012 дата публикации

Cathode material for fuel cell, cathode including the cathode material, solid oxide fuel cell including the cathode

Номер: US20120308915A1

A cathode material for a fuel cell, the cathode material including a first metal oxide having a perovskite structure; and a second metal oxide having a spinel structure.

Подробнее
13-12-2012 дата публикации

Fuel Cell Bypass Diode Structures and Attachment Methods

Номер: US20120315509A1
Принадлежит: Bloom Energy Corp

A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack which includes a plurality of fuel cells contacted in series by a plurality of interconnects. The various embodiments provide systems and methods for coupling a fuel cell stack with an electric bypass module within a hot zone. The bypass module may include elements for conducting a current between interconnects in a fuel cell stack and thereby bypass a failed fuel cell that has become a resistive parasitic load.

Подробнее
10-01-2013 дата публикации

Method for shutting down indirect internal reforming solid oxide fuel cell

Номер: US20130011759A1
Автор: Susumu Hatada
Принадлежит: JX Nippon Oil and Energy Corp

Provided is a method for shutting down an indirect internal reforming SOFC, in which reliable reforming, prevention of anode oxidative degradation, fuel saving and time saving are possible. Reforming catalyst layer temperature T is measured, and FkCALC is calculated; when FkCALC≧FkE, T is measured, and FkCALC and FkMinCALC are calculated; if FkMinCALC≧FkE, then the flow rate of the fuel supplied to the reformer is set to FkE and the method moves on to step D; if FkCALC≦FkMinCALC<FkE, then C6 to C9 are performed in order; C6) the temperature of the reforming catalyst layer is increased; C7) T is measured, and FkCALC and FkMinCALC are calculated; C8) if FkCALC<FkE, then the flow rate of the fuel supplied to the reformer is set to FkMinCALC and the method returns to C6; C9) if FkCALC≧FkE, then the flow rate of the fuel supplied to the reformer is set to FkE and the method moves on to D; D) the method waits for the anode temperature to fall below an oxidative degradation temperature. FkE and the like are defined in the specification.

Подробнее
23-05-2013 дата публикации

Method and a system for combined hydrogen and electricity production using petroleum fuels

Номер: US20130126038A1
Автор: AQIL Jamal, Thang Pham
Принадлежит: Saudi Arabian Oil Co

A SOFC system for producing a refined carbon dioxide product, electrical power and a compressed hydrogen product is presented. Introducing a hydrocarbon fuel and steam to the SOFC system, operating the SOFC system such that the steam-to-carbon molar ratio in the pre-reformer is in a range of from about 3:1 to about 4:1, the oxygen in the reformer combustion chamber is in excess, greater than 90% of the carbon dioxide produced during the process forms the refined carbon dioxide product are steps in the process. An alternative fueling station having a SOFC system is useful for fueling both electrical and hydrogen alternative fuel vehicles. Introducing steam and a hydrocarbon fuel, operating the alternative fueling station, coupling the alternative fuel vehicle to the alternative fueling station, introducing an amount of alternative fuel and decoupling the alternative fuel vehicle are steps in the method of use.

Подробнее
30-05-2013 дата публикации

Solid oxide fuel cell electrode systems and methods

Номер: US20130137012A1
Автор: Brad L. Kirkwood
Принадлежит: Boeing Co

A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) interconnect comprises a metal sheet with an air side and a fuel side in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The metal sheet comprises a metallic composite having a matrix. The matrix comprises a first metal. The metal sheet also comprises a plurality of discontinuous, elongated, directional reinforcement wires. The reinforcement wires comprise a second metal that is immiscible in the first metal. An oxidation protection layer is disposed on the air side of the metal sheet.

Подробнее
06-06-2013 дата публикации

Solid oxide fuel cell stack

Номер: US20130143137A1
Принадлежит: Samsung SDI Co Ltd

A solid oxide fuel cell stack is disclosed. In one aspect, the solid oxide fuel cell stack includes unit cells, an external collector, a first stack collecting member, a cap, and a suspension member. The external collector contacts an outer periphery of each of the unit cells and electrically connects the unit cells to each other. The first stack collecting member is positioned to collect current from a distal unit cell. A cap is provided in one end of the distal unit cell. The suspension member has one side thereof suspended from the cap and the other side fixed to the first stack collecting member to distribute weight of the first stack collecting member. Structural stability of a stack collector may be maintained even at oxidizing atmosphere of high temperature when driving the fuel cell stack.

Подробнее
13-06-2013 дата публикации

Low Temperature Electrolytes for Solid Oxide Cells Having High Ionic Conductivity

Номер: US20130146469A1
Принадлежит: C3 International LLC, UT Battelle LLC

Some embodiments of the present invention provide solid oxide cells and components thereof having a metal oxide electrolyte that exhibits enhanced ionic conductivity. Certain of those embodiments have two materials, at least one of which is a metal oxide, disposed so that at least some interfaces between the domains of the materials orient in a direction substantially parallel to the desired ionic conductivity.

Подробнее
04-07-2013 дата публикации

Method and arrangement to control operating conditions in fuel cell device

Номер: US20130171533A1
Автор: Kim ÅSTRÖM
Принадлежит: Convion Oy

An exemplary arrangement and method for controlling operating conditions of a fuel cell device are disclosed. The fuel cell device having plural fuel cells, each including an anode side, a cathode side, an electrolyte between the anode side and the cathode side, and being arranted in a stack. The control arrangement includes at least one controllable electrical heater configured to produce controllable heat quantities, at least two controllers that control fuel cell quantities including at least a portion of air flowing to the fuel cells and heat applied to the stack environment. The controllable heat quantities and controllable fuel cell quantities are controlled to meet a target value. The fuel cell device includes a low level high speed controller configured to control at least one controllable electrical heater to operate the heater as a buffer for excess energy of the fuel cell device.

Подробнее
08-08-2013 дата публикации

Solid oxide fuel cell

Номер: US20130202982A1
Автор: Young Jung Kim
Принадлежит: Mim Ceramics Co Ltd

A solid oxide fuel cell includes unit cells, a first side plate and a second side plate respectively attached to opposite lateral surfaces of the unit cells, and a first electricity collector and a second electricity collector arranged between the unit cells. Each of the unit cells includes a support body block. The support body block includes a first surface, a second surface parallel to the first surface, a plurality of first channels and a plurality of second channels existing between the first channels. Each of the unit cells further includes air electrodes formed on inner surfaces of the first channels, fuel electrodes formed on inner surfaces of the second channels, a first electricity collecting layer formed on the first surface and electrically connected to the air electrodes and a second electricity collecting layer formed on the second surface and electrically connected to the fuel electrodes.

Подробнее
15-08-2013 дата публикации

Integrated natural gas powered sofc systems

Номер: US20130209904A1
Принадлежит: Georgia Tech Research Corp, Phillips 66 Co

The present invention discloses an integrated SOFC system powered by natural gas. Specifically, a SOFC-O cell is combined with a SOFC-H cell so as to take advantage of the high operating temperature and steam reforming capabilities of the SOFC-O cell as well as the higher fuel conversion efficiency of the SOFC-H cell.

Подробнее
22-08-2013 дата публикации

Solid oxide fuel cell system

Номер: US20130216926A1
Принадлежит: TOTO LTD

A solid oxide fuel cell system is disclosed. The solid oxide fuel cell system includes a cell stack having multiple adjacent fuel cells; a reformer that reforms raw gas and produces fuel gas supplied to the fuel cells; a combustion section that causes combustion of the fuel gas discharged from the fuel cells and heats the reformer with combustion heat of the fuel gas; an ignition device that ignites the combustion section; a combustion state confirmation device that senses that heating of the entire reformer has started using the advancement of flame transfer between fuel cells in the combustion section; and a controller programmed to start an operation of the system heating the reformer by using combustion heat from the combustion section and reaction heat from the partial oxidation reforming reaction (POX) in the reformer. During the period until the combustion state confirmation device senses that the heating of the entire reformer has started after the ignition device ignited the combustion section, the controller suppresses the amount of heat emitted by the partial oxidation reforming reaction in the reformer more than the amount of heat emitted after heating of the entire reformer has started.

Подробнее
29-08-2013 дата публикации

Solid oxide cell stack and method for preparing same

Номер: US20130224620A1

A method for producing and reactivating a solid oxide cell stack structure by providing a catalyst precursor in at least one of the electrode layers by impregnation and subsequent drying after the stack has been assembled and initiated. Due to a significantly improved performance and an unexpected voltage improvement this solid oxide cell stack structure is particularly suitable for use in solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and solid oxide electrolysing cell (SOEC) applications.

Подробнее
29-08-2013 дата публикации

Solid oxide fuel cell and manufacturing method thereof

Номер: US20130224630A1
Принадлежит: Samsung SDI Co Ltd

A solid oxide fuel cell and a manufacturing method thereof includes a unit cell and a cell coupling member. The unit cell includes a first electrode layer, an electrolyte layer surrounding an outer peripheral surface of the first electrode layer, and a second electrode layer surrounding the electrolyte layer so that one end portion of the electrolyte layer is exposed. The cell coupling member is coupled to the unit cell and includes a coupling member. A sealing member including at least two layers having different porosities is coated on at least one portion of the coupling member to seal the unit cell and the cell coupling member.

Подробнее
03-10-2013 дата публикации

Fuel cell reforming system with carbon dioxide removal

Номер: US20130260268A1
Принадлежит: General Electric Co

A power generation system includes a fuel cell including an anode that generates a tail gas. The system also includes a hydrocarbon fuel reforming system that mixes a hydrocarbon fuel with the fuel cell tail gas and to convert the hydrocarbon fuel and fuel tail gas into a reformed fuel stream including CO 2 . The reforming system further splits the reformed fuel stream into a first portion and a second portion. The system further includes a CO 2 removal system coupled in flow communication with the reforming system. The system also includes a first reformed fuel path coupled to the reforming system. The first path channels the first portion of the reformed fuel stream to an anode inlet. The system further includes a second reformed fuel path coupled to the reforming system. The second path channels the second portion of the reformed fuel stream to the CO 2 removal system.

Подробнее
31-10-2013 дата публикации

Fuel cell system with partial external reforming and direct internal reforming

Номер: US20130288145A1
Автор: Jeroen Valensa
Принадлежит: Modine Manufacturing Co

A fuel cell system includes a plurality of solid oxide fuel cells arranged in a fuel cell stack, an integrated heat exchanger/reformer operable to partially reform an anode feed prior to entry into the fuel cell stack, an anode tailgas oxidizer, and an offgas flow path extending away from an anode side of the fuel cell stack and having a first branch to selectively combine offgas from the anode side of the fuel cell stack with fuel from a fuel source to comprise the anode feed to the fuel cell stack and a second branch to supply offgas from the anode side of the fuel cell stack to the anode tailgas oxidizer. The integrated heat exchanger/reformer transfers heat from the oxidized offgas from the anode tailgas oxidizer to the anode feed before the anode feed enters the anode side of the fuel cell stack. The offgas from the anode tailgas oxidizer provides the sole heat source for the anode feed traveling through the integrated heat exchanger/reformer.

Подробнее
31-10-2013 дата публикации

Method and regulation apparatus for regulating a fuel cell or a fuel cell stack

Номер: US20130288147A1
Принадлежит: Hexis AG

In a method for regulating a fuel cell stack ( 1 ), a current-voltage characteristic of the fuel cell stack is detected and evaluated to determine an operating point of the fuel cell stack, wherein a current-voltage characteristic of the fuel cell stack ( 1 ) is detected at time intervals in operation whose gradient has a minimum, a characteristic value (R min ) for the minimum of the gradient is respectively determined from the detected current-voltage characteristic and a desired value for the operating point is determined by addition of a predefined offset value (R offset ) to the characteristic value, and wherein the fuel cell stack ( 1 ) is regulated by the desired value determined in this manner.

Подробнее
07-11-2013 дата публикации

Fuel cell system and operation method thereof

Номер: US20130295480A1
Принадлежит: Kyocera Corp

A fuel cell system may be capable of reducing an adverse influence which acts on a fuel cell at the time of restarting the fuel cell after emergency shutdown of operation of the fuel cell. A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell, a fuel gas supply unit, an oxygen-containing gas supply unit, a storage unit that stores whether shutdown of operation of the fuel cell is normal shutdown or emergency shutdown, and a control unit that controls at least the fuel gas supply unit and the oxygen-containing gas supply unit. The control unit, in emergency shutdown, controls the fuel gas supply unit at a time of restarting the fuel cell after the shutdown of the fuel cell so as to reduce an amount of fuel gas supplied to the fuel cell to be less than that at a time of restarting the fuel cell after normal shutdown.

Подробнее
21-11-2013 дата публикации

Solid oxide fuel cell

Номер: US20130309583A1
Принадлежит: TOTO LTD

Provided is a solid oxide fuel cell having a service life of approximately 90,000 hours, a level required to encourage the widespread use of SOFC. The solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention comprises a solid electrolyte layer, an oxygen electrode layer provide to one side of the solid electrolyte layer, and a fuel electrode layer provide to the other side of the solid electrolyte layer. The oxygen electrode layer is made from a material including iron or manganese, the solid electrolyte layer is made from a scandia-stabilized zirconia electrolyte material containing alumina, and the solid electrolyte layer has a lanthanoid oxide and/or yttria dissolved therein.

Подробнее
19-12-2013 дата публикации

Fuel cell components having porous electrodes

Номер: US20130337360A1
Принадлежит: Individual

An SOFC component includes a first electrode, an electrolyte overlying the first electrode, and a second electrode overlying the electrolyte. The second electrode includes a bulk layer portion and a functional layer portion, the functional layer portion being an interfacial layer extending between the electrolyte and the bulk layer portion of the second electrode, wherein the bulk layer portion has a bimodal pore size distribution.

Подробнее
06-02-2014 дата публикации

Barium cerate nanoparticles for use in solid oxide fuel cells

Номер: US20140038069A1
Автор: Lyn Marie Irving
Принадлежит: Cerion Enterprises LLC

A process for forming alkaline earth metal cerate nanoparticles comprises combining a stable cerium oxide aqueous colloidal dispersion with soluble alkaline earth metal salts while maintaining colloidal stability. The resulting alkaline earth metal salts may be calcined to form alkaline earth metal cerate particles having a perovskite structure.

Подробнее
20-02-2014 дата публикации

Metal supported solid oxide fuel cell and method for manufacturing the same

Номер: US20140051006A1
Принадлежит: Institute of Nuclear Energy Research

Metal supported solid oxide fuel cells produced by high voltage medium current tri-gas atmospheric plasma spraying are revealed. These fuel cells have better electrical properties, better redox stability, better durability and higher thermal conductivity due to the metal support. Moreover, nano structure of an anode interlayer and nano structure of a cathode interlayer have more three-phase boundaries (TPB) so that performance of the solid oxide fuel cell is improved and the working temperature of the solid oxide fuel cell is reduced. The shape of the solid oxide fuel cell is planar or tubular.

Подробнее
01-01-2015 дата публикации

Oxide, electrolyte including oxide, and electrochemical device including oxide

Номер: US20150001436A1
Принадлежит: SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO LTD

An oxide represented by Formula 1: (Sr 2-x A x )(M 1-y Q y )D 2 O 7+d ,   Formula 1 wherein A is barium (Ba), M is at least one selected from magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca), Q is a Group 13 element, D is at least one selected from silicon (Si) and germanium (Ge), 0≦x≦2.0, 0<0≦1.0, and d is a value which makes the oxide electrically neutral.

Подробнее
06-01-2022 дата публикации

Heat manageable fuel cell hot box

Номер: US20220006107A1

A fuel cell hot box for improving the system efficiency of a fuel cell. Fuel cell stack parts, an after burner, a reformer, an air pre-heating zone, and a fuel-heat exchanger are provided in a housing allowing heat of the fuel cell stack parts and heat of combustion gas generated in the after burner to be used for reforming, preheating fuel and preheating air at the same time to avoid wasting energy. The fuel cell stack parts under thermal stress can be cooled to improve durability of the stack parts to increase a lifetime of a total system, and the stack parts can share the central chamber part to simplify a structure of the fuel cell hot box. In addition, the reformer includes an opening and closing unit to properly distribute the high-temperature combustion gas so that a reforming ratio is adjustable according to an operating condition of the fuel.

Подробнее
01-01-2015 дата публикации

SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL AND MANUFACTURING METHOD AND MANUFACTURING APPARATUS FOR SAME

Номер: US20150004518A1
Принадлежит:

The present invention is a method for manufacturing a solid oxide fuel cell apparatus for generating electricity by supplying fuel and oxidant gas to fuel cells housed in a fuel cell module, comprising: an adhesive application step for applying ceramic adhesive to the joint portions of constituent members so that the flow path carrying fuel or oxidant gas inside the fuel cell module are formed in an airtight manner; a workable hardening step for hardening the applied ceramic adhesive to a state capable of implementing the next manufacturing process; and a solvent elimination and hardening step wherein, after multiple repetitions of the adhesive application step and the workable hardening step, ceramic adhesive hardened in the workable hardening steps is dried to a state capable of withstanding temperatures during electrical generation. 1. A method for manufacturing a solid oxide fuel cell apparatus for generating electricity by supplying fuel and oxidant gas to fuel cells housed in a fuel cell module , comprising steps of:an adhesive application step for applying ceramic adhesive to joint portions of constituent members so that flow path carrying fuel or oxidant gas inside the fuel cell module are formed in an airtight manner; anda drying and hardening step for drying the applied ceramic adhesive;wherein the drying and hardening step includes:a workable hardening step for hardening the applied ceramic adhesive to a state capable of implementing a next manufacturing process;a solvent elimination and hardening step in which, after multiple repetitions of the adhesive application step and the workable hardening step, solvent remaining within the ceramic adhesive are further eliminated and hardened from the ceramic adhesive which was hardened in all the workable hardening steps, and are dried to a state capable of withstanding the temperature rise in a startup procedure.2. The manufacturing method according to claim 1 , wherein the solvent elimination and hardening step ...

Подробнее
01-01-2015 дата публикации

SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL AND MANUFACTURING METHOD AND MANUFACTURING APPARATUS FOR SAME

Номер: US20150004520A1
Принадлежит:

The present invention is a manufacturing method for a solid oxide fuel cell apparatus in which multiple fuel cells are adhered and affixed to a first affixing member attached within a fuel cell module, the method includes steps of: inserting one end portion of each fuel cell into respective insertion holes provided in a first affixing member; respectively positioning one end portion of each fuel cell inserted into each insertion hole relative to a fuel cell module; respectively positioning the other end portion of each fuel cell at a predetermined position relative to the fuel cell module; applying ceramic adhesive onto the first affixing member into which each of the fuel cells is inserted; and hardening the applied ceramic adhesive and affixing each of the fuel cells to the first affixing member. 1. A manufacturing method for a solid oxide fuel cell apparatus in which multiple fuel cells are adhered and affixed to a first affixing member attached within a fuel cell module , the method comprising steps of:inserting one end portion of each of the fuel cells into respective insertion holes provided in the first affixing member;respectively positioning one end portion of each of the fuel cells inserted into each of the insertion hole relative to the fuel cell module;respectively positioning the other end portion of each of the fuel cells at a predetermined position relative to the fuel cell module;applying ceramic adhesive onto the first affixing member into which each of the fuel cells is inserted; andhardening the applied ceramic adhesive and affixing each of the fuel cells to the first affixing member.2. The manufacturing method according to claim 1 , in which the other end portion of each of the fuel cells is inserted into insertion holes provided on a second affixing member claim 1 , the method further comprising steps of:applying ceramic adhesive onto the second affixing member into which the other end portion of each of the fuel cells is inserted; andhardening ...

Подробнее
01-01-2015 дата публикации

Porous articles, methods, and apparatuses for forming same

Номер: US20150004521A1
Принадлежит: Saint Gobain Ceramics and Plastics Inc

A mold for forming a porous article can include a first material having a first thermal conductivity and a second material having a second thermal conductivity different from the first thermal conductivity. The first material may be at least partially embedded within the second material and configured to create regions of different thermal conductivity in the body, such as configured to create distinct nucleation regions within a material formed within the mold. A method for forming a porous article can include providing a slurry within a mold and freeze-casting the slurry to form a porous article having a burst-like distribution of porosity. A porous article according to embodiments herein can include a burst-like distribution of porosity.

Подробнее
01-01-2015 дата публикации

Modified planar cell (MPC) and electrochemical device battery (stack) based on MPC, manufacturing method for planar cell and battery, and planar cell embodiments

Номер: US20150004522A1
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a modified planar cell with a solid-oxide solid electrolyte, a gas-diffuse anode, a cathode, a metal or oxide current path and a current-gas supply. The supporting solid electrolyte of the cell is in the form of a corrugated plate consisting of corrugations. In cross-section, the corrugations of the plate constitute an isosceles, identical-height trapezium, without a larger lower base with holes. The holes are formed on one side in the upper part of each corrugation, for supplying one of the reagents, e.g. fuel in case of a fuel cell. The corrugations are connected to one another at their base in order to form gas space channels of the cell. The gas space channels are in the form of inverted isosceles trapezia without a larger upper base and the angle α at their smaller base is 0.1 to 89.9°. The corrugated plate is connected to two opposing walls, a front wall and a rear wall. The latter is arranged perpendicular to the corrugations of the plate and thus of equal height, and is furnished with holes. The holes in one wall are used for introducing a second reagent, e.g. air in the case of a fuel cell, into each channel of the electrode environment in the form of inverted isosceles trapezia without the larger upper base and the holes of the other opposing wall for discharging the hypoxic mixture. On one side of the gas space channels constituting, in cross-section, an isosceles trapezium without larger lower base, the corrugated plate of the supporting solid electrode is coated with an electrode, e.g. a nickel-cermet anode in the case of a fuel cell. On the side of the gas space channels of the electrode environment, which are shaped in the form of inverted isosceles trapezia without the larger upper base, the plate is coated with a second, counter-electrode, e.g. a cathode based on strontium-lanthanum-manganite. The metallic box-like gas supply duct ensures the supply of reagents and the discharge of reaction products with a series of holes. ...

Подробнее
01-01-2015 дата публикации

SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL

Номер: US20150004523A1
Принадлежит:

A solid oxide fuel cell comprises a solid electrolyte layer, a barrier layer, and a cathode. The cathode includes a cathode current collecting layer and a cathode active layer. The cathode active layer includes a plurality of micro-cracks in an interface region within a predetermined distance from the interface between the cathode current collecting layer and the cathode active layer. 1. A solid oxide fuel cell comprising:an anode;{'sub': '3', 'a cathode containing a perovskite complex oxide expressed by the general formula ABOas a principal component, the perovskite complex oxide including at least one of La or Sr at the A site; and'}a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the anode and the cathode;the cathode including a cathode current collecting layer and a cathode active layer, the cathode active layer disposed on a solid electrolyte layer side of the cathode current collecting layer, andat least one of the cathode current collecting layer and the cathode active layer including a plurality of micro-cracks in an interface region within a predetermined distance from an interface between the cathode current collecting layer and the cathode active layer.2. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1 , wherein at least one micro-crack of the plurality of micro-cracks is observed in at least one field of arbitrary 20 fields in a cross section of the interface region when the arbitrary 20 fields are observed using a scanning electron microscope with a magnification of 30 claim 1 ,000×.3. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 2 , wherein at least one micro-crack of the plurality of micro-cracks is observed in respectively at least two fields of the arbitrary 20 fields in the cross section of the interface region when the arbitrary 20 fields are observed using a scanning electron microscope with a magnification of 30 claim 2 ,000×.4. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1 , wherein an average width of the plurality of micro-cracks is at least 1 ...

Подробнее
01-01-2015 дата публикации

SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL

Номер: US20150004524A1
Принадлежит:

A solid oxide fuel cell comprises a solid electrolyte layer, a barrier layer, and a cathode. The cathode includes a cathode current collecting layer and a cathode active layer. The cathode active layer includes a plurality of micro-cracks in an inner region separated respectively from the interface and the interface. 1. A solid oxide fuel cell comprising:an anode;{'sub': '3', 'a cathode active layer containing a perovskite complex oxide expressed by the general formula ABOas a principal component, the perovskite complex oxide including at least one of La or Sr at the A site; and'}a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the anode and the cathode active layer;the cathode active layer including a plurality of micro-cracks in an inner region separated respectively from a surface on the solid electrolyte layer side and a surface on an opposite side to the solid electrolyte layer.2. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1 , whereinat least one micro-crack of the plurality of micro-cracks is observed in at least one field of arbitrary 20 fields in a cross section of the inner region when the arbitrary 20 fields are observed using a scanning electron microscope with a magnification of 30,000×.3. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 2 , whereinat least one micro-crack of the plurality of micro-cracks is observed in respectively at least two fields of the arbitrary 20 fields in the cross section of the inner region when the arbitrary 20 fields are observed using a scanning electron microscope with a magnification of 30,000×.4. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1 , whereinan average width of the plurality of micro-cracks is at least 1 nanometer to no more than 100 nanometers.5. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1 , whereinan average length of the plurality of micro-cracks is at least 100 nanometers to no more than 1000 nanometers.6. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1 , comprisinga cathode current collecting layer disposed on ...

Подробнее
01-01-2015 дата публикации

SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL

Номер: US20150004525A1
Принадлежит:

A solid oxide fuel cell comprises a solid electrolyte layer, a barrier layer, and a cathode. The cathode includes a cathode current collecting layer and a cathode active layer. The cathode active layer includes a plurality of micro-cracks in a surface region within a predetermined distance from the interface between the barrier layer and the cathode active layer. 1. A solid oxide fuel cell comprising:an anode;{'sub': '3', 'a cathode containing a perovskite complex oxide expressed by the general formula ABOas a principal component, the perovskite complex oxide including at least one of La or Sr at the A site; and'}a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the anode and the cathode;the cathode including a plurality of micro-cracks in a surface region within a predetermined distance from a surface on a solid electrolyte layer side.2. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1 , whereinat least one micro-crack of the plurality of micro-cracks is observed in at least one field of arbitrary 20 fields in a cross section of the surface region when the arbitrary 20 fields are observed using a scanning electron microscope with a magnification of 30,000×.3. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 2 , whereinat least one micro-crack of the plurality of micro-cracks is observed in respectively at least two fields of the arbitrary 20 fields in the cross section of the surface region when the arbitrary 20 fields are observed using a scanning electron microscope with a magnification of 30,000×.4. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1 , whereinan average width of the plurality of micro-cracks is at least 1 nanometer to no more than 100 nanometers.5. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1 , whereinan average length of the plurality of micro-cracks is at least 100 nanometers to no more than 1000 nanometers.6. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1 , whereinthe cathode has a cathode current collecting layer, and a cathode active layer disposed between ...

Подробнее
01-01-2015 дата публикации

TECHNIQUE FOR DESIGNING AND MANUFACTURING SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL HAVING IMPROVED OUTPUT CAPABILITY IN MID TO LOW TEMPERATURE

Номер: US20150004526A1

The present invention relates to a technique for manufacturing a unit cell for a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) which can improve the output of the unit cell of the solid oxide fuel cell, without occurring cost due to an additional process. The unit cell of the solid oxide fuel cell, comprises: a fuel electrode support body; a fuel electrode reaction layer; an electrolyte; and an air electrode, wherein the fuel electrode support body is made from an NiO and YSZ mixed material, the fuel electrode reaction layer is made from a CeScSZ and NiO mixed material, the electrolyte is made from a CeCsSZ material, and wherein the air electrode is made from an LSM and CeScSZ mixed material. 1. A unit cell of a solid oxide fuel cell comprising:an anode supporter formed of a mixture of Nickel(II) oxide (NiO) and Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ);an anode reaction layer formed of a mixture of Cerium Scandia Stabilized Zirconia (CeScSZ) and NiO;an electrolyte formed of CeScSZ; anda cathode formed of a mixture of Lanthanum strontium cobalt (LSM) and CeScSZ.2. The unit cell of claim 1 , wherein the anode reaction layer claim 1 , the electrolyte claim 1 , and the cathode comprise 1Ce10ScSZ powder.3. The unit cell of claim 1 , wherein the anode supporter claim 1 , the anode reaction layer and the electrolyte are manufactured by stacking and cofiring a film manufactured by tape casting.4. The unit cell of claim 3 , wherein the cathode is manufactured by screen printing.5. The unit cell of claim 3 , wherein the anode reaction layer is manufactured by mixing a NiO powder and a CeScSZ powder at 46:54% by weight (wt %).6. The unit cell of claim 5 , wherein the NiO powder has a size of 0.5 micrometers (μm) claim 5 , and the CeScSZ powder has a size of 0.2 to 0.5 um and a specific surface area of 11 square meters/gram (m/g).7. The unit cell of claim 3 , wherein the electrolyte is manufactured by mixing the CeScSZ powder and a solvent at 40:60 wt %.8. The unit cell of claim 7 , wherein the CeScSZ ...

Подробнее
01-01-2015 дата публикации

SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL WITH FLEXIBLE FUEL ROD SUPPORT STRUCTURE

Номер: US20150004528A1
Принадлежит:

A rod assembly and method for supporting rods includes opposing end plates for supporting opposing ends of a plurality of solid oxide fuel cell rods with each rod comprising a hollow gas conduit passing there through. Each rod end is supported by an annular flexure configured to provide a gas/liquid tight seal between the rod ends and the end plates. Each annular flexure includes a flexible portion surrounding the rod end such that forces imparted to either or both of the rod and the end plate act to elastically deform the annular flexure without damaging the rods. The rod assembly operates and a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) with operating temperatures of 500 to 1000° C. 1. A solid oxide fuel cell comprising a fuel rod assembly comprising:a fuel rod comprising an outer wall enclosing a hollow longitudinal conduit, a cylindrical tube stub extending from each end of the outer wall wherein the hollow longitudinal conduit passes completely through the outer wall and each of the tube stubs;a first end plate base wall formed with a base wall through hole positioned to receive a first tube stub there through and a flexure element associated with each base wall through hole for engaging with a first tub stub of the fuel rod;a second end plate base wall formed with a base wall through hole positioned to receive a second tube stub there through and a flexure element associated with each base wall through hole for engaging with a second tub stub of the fuel rod;wherein each flexure element comprises a flexible portion surrounding a flexure through hole wherein the flexible portion has a mechanical stiffness that is less than a mechanical stiffness of the rod and each of the end plate base walls; and,wherein an outside diameter of each tube stub is engaged with the flexure through hole with an interference fit that provides a mechanical retention force suitable for holding the fuel rod in place and maintaining a gas tight seal between the outside diameter of the tube stub and ...

Подробнее
07-01-2016 дата публикации

PROTON-CONDUCTING OXIDE

Номер: US20160003767A1
Принадлежит:

The present invention provides a proton-conducting oxide comprising a perovskite crystal structure represented by a composition formula ABB′O. A represents strontium. B represents zirconium. B′ represents at least one selected from the group consisting of yttrium and ytterbium. The value of a is more than 0.84 and less than 1.0. The value of x is more than 0.0 and less than 0.2. The present invention provides a proton-conducting oxide having a capability to maintain high proton conductivity even if the proton-conducting oxide is exposed to the air atmosphere for a long time. 1. A proton-conducting oxide comprising:{'sub': a', '1−x', 'x', '3-δ, 'a perovskite crystal structure represented by a composition formula ABB′O, wherein'}A represents strontium;B represents zirconium;B′ represents at least one selected from the group consisting of yttrium and ytterbium;a is more than 0.84 and less than 1.0; andx is more than 0.0 and less than 0.2.2. A fuel cell comprising a proton-conducting oxide , whereinthe proton-conducting oxide comprises:{'sub': a', '1−x', 'x', '3-δ, 'a perovskite crystal structure represented by a composition formula ABB′O, wherein'}A represents strontium;B represents zirconium;B′ represents at least one selected from the group consisting of yttrium and ytterbium;a is more than 0.84 and less than 1.0; andx is more than 0.0 and less than 0.2.3. A hydrogen sensor comprising a proton-conducting oxide , whereinthe proton-conducting oxide comprises:{'sub': a', '1−x', 'x', '3-δ, 'a perovskite crystal structure represented by a composition formula ABB′O, wherein'}A represents strontium;B represents zirconium;B′ represents at least one selected from the group consisting of yttrium and ytterbium;a is more than 0.84 and less than 1.0; andx is more than 0.0 and less than 0.2. 1. Technical FiledThe present invention relates to a proton-conducting oxide.2. Description of the Related ArtJapanese Patent Publication No. 4634252 discloses an oxide having a perovskite ...

Подробнее
05-01-2017 дата публикации

CATHODE CURRENT COLLECTOR FOR SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL, AND SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL COMPRISING SAME

Номер: US20170005345A1
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a cathode current collector for a solid oxide fuel cell and, more particularly, to a cathode current collector inserted between a cell and a metal separator constituting a unit of a fuel cell stack, and a solid oxide fuel cell comprising the same. 1. A cathode current collector for a solid oxide fuel cell ,wherein the cathode current collector is a porous metal foam having pores,wherein the metal foam is formed of one, two or more types of binary alloys consisting of CoNi, CoMn and CuMn, or one or two types of ternary alloys consisting of CoNiMn and CoCuMn.2. The cathode current collector for a solid oxide fuel cell of claim 1 , wherein Co claim 1 , Cu claim 1 , Ni and Mn forming the metal foam have compositions of Co:Ni or Co:Mn claim 1 , where Cu:Mn=1:9 to 9:1.3. The cathode current collector for a solid oxide fuel cell of claim 1 , wherein the metal foam has density of 200 g/mto 1000 g/m.4. A method for manufacturing a cathode current collector for a solid oxide fuel cell that includes a cathode claim 1 , an anode claim 1 , an electrolyte and a separator claim 1 , the method comprising:preparing a polymer foam;depositing a metal on a surface of the polymer foam;coating a metal mixture of two or more types of metal among Co, Cu, Ni and Mn on a top of the deposited metal;reduction heat treating the result after the coating; andpreparing a metal foam by removing the polymer foam after the reduction heat treatment,wherein the metal foam is one or more types of CoNi, CoMn, CuMn, CoNiMn and CoCuMn.5. The method for manufacturing a cathode current collector for a solid oxide fuel cell of claim 4 , wherein the metal is one or more of Ni claim 4 , Cu and Co.6. The method for manufacturing a cathode current collector for a solid oxide fuel cell of claim 4 , wherein the coating of mixed metals is carried out by electroplating or powder coating.7. The method for manufacturing a cathode current collector for a solid oxide fuel cell of claim 4 ...

Подробнее
05-01-2017 дата публикации

ELECTRICAL POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR A GRID-TIED REVERSIBLE SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL SYSTEM

Номер: US20170005357A1
Принадлежит:

A Reversible Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (RSOFC) system includes a Reversible Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (RSOFC) unit, a bi-directional alternating current/direct current (AC/DC) converter, coupled to the RSOFC unit, a common bus, coupled to the bi-directional AC/DC converter and to a power grid, and a plurality of RSOFC subsystems, coupled to receive power only through the common bus. The RSOFC unit has a fuel cell mode, wherein the RSOFC unit produces electrical power from fuel, and an electrolysis mode, wherein the RSOFC unit consumes electrical power to produce the fuel. The bi-directional AC/DC converter is coupled to the RSOFC unit, and is configured to convert direct current (DC) electrical power produced by the RSOFC unit into outgoing alternating current (AC) power, and to convert incoming AC power into DC power for consumption by the RSOFC unit in electrolysis mode. 1. A Reversible Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (RSOFC) system , comprising:a Reversible Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (RSOFC) unit, having a fuel cell mode, wherein the RSOFC unit produces electrical power from fuel, and an electrolysis mode, wherein the RSOFC unit consumes electrical power to produce the fuel;a bi-directional alternating current/direct current (AC/DC) converter, coupled to the RSOFC unit, configured to convert direct current (DC) electrical power produced by the RSOFC unit into outgoing alternating current (AC) power, and to convert incoming AC power into DC power for consumption by the RSOFC unit in electrolysis mode;a common bus, coupled to the bi-directional AC/DC converter and to a power grid; anda plurality of RSOFC subsystems, coupled to receive power only through the common bus.2. A system in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the common bus comprises:a plurality of subsystem circuit breakers, configured to trip on overload condition, coupled only to the RSOFC subsystems; anda plurality of power circuit breakers, configured to trip on overload condition, coupled only to the bi-directional AC/DC ...

Подробнее
13-01-2022 дата публикации

Solid oxide fuel cell stack

Номер: US20220013801A1
Принадлежит: Morimura SOFC Technology Co Ltd

A method of manufacturing a solid oxide fuel cell stack, including alternately disposing a plurality of single fuel cells, and a plurality of interconnectors disposed alternately and holding the alternately disposed plurality of single fuel cells and plurality of interconnectors between a pair of end members, forming a space between a first end member and a first interconnector, disposing a junction member composed of an elastic member and an electrically conductive member in the space, and urging a portion of an electrically conductive member and another portion of the electrically member against the first end member and the first interconnector so that a total thickness of the portion of the electrically conductive member, the another portion of the electrically conductive member, and the elastic member prior to being disposed in the space between the first end member and the first interconnector is greater than a height of the space.

Подробнее
07-01-2016 дата публикации

SOFC STACK WITH INTEGRATED HEATER

Номер: US20160006047A1
Автор: PEDERSEN Claus Friis
Принадлежит: Haldor Topsoe A/S

An integrated heater for a Solid Oxide Fuel System is integrated directly in the SOFC stack, and can operate and heat the stack independently of the process. 1. A solid oxide fuel cell system comprising a planar solid oxide fuel cell stack and a heating unit for continuous operation when the solid oxide fuel cell stack is in operation or in stand-by mode , wherein said heating unit is an integrated part of the solid oxide fuel cell system.2. A solid oxide fuel cell system according to claim 1 , wherein the operation temperature of said heating unit is at least the operation temperature of the cell stack minus 50° C. claim 1 , preferably at least the operation temperature of the cell stack.3. A solid oxide fuel cell system according to claim 1 , wherein said heating unit has a ratio between heat transferring loss from surfaces and useful heat transferring to the cell stack of less than 200% claim 1 , preferably less than 30% claim 1 , preferably less than 2%.4. A solid oxide fuel cell system according to claim 1 , wherein said heating unit is directly connected to one end plate of the cell stack and wherein the outer dimensions of the connected part of the heating unit corresponds to the outer planar dimensions of said end plate of the cell stack.5. A solid oxide fuel cell system according to claim 1 , wherein said heating unit is arranged at one end of the cell stack and the heating unit is connected to said one end of the cell stack.6. A solid oxide fuel cell system according to claim 1 , wherein the heating unit is arranged between the ends of two cell stacks in a sandwich arrangement.7. A solid oxide fuel cell system according to claim 6 , wherein a plurality claim 6 , preferably two heating units are arranged between the ends of two cell stacks in a sandwich arrangement.8. A solid oxide fuel cell system according to claim 1 , wherein the heating unit comprises an electrical resistance element.9. A solid oxide fuel cell system according to claim 8 , wherein the ...

Подробнее
07-01-2016 дата публикации

Energy generating unit comprising a high-temperature fuel cell stack and a vaporizing unit

Номер: US20160006062A1
Принадлежит: AVL List GmbH

The invention relates to an energy generation unit comprising a high-temperature fuel cell stack ( 10 ), which is operated with liquid fuel, and a reformer ( 11 ) connected upstream of the fuel cell stack for processing the fuel, a recirculation line ( 13 ) for at least partially feeding back the anode exhaust gas into the reformer ( 1 ) and a device for feeding the liquid fuel into the anode exhaust gas. In accordance with the invention, the invention for feeding the fuel is in the form of an evaporator device ( 20 ), comprising a housing ( 21 ) which has an evaporator nonwoven ( 23 ) in the region of the fuel feed line ( 22 ), wherein the hot anode exhaust gas can be applied to said evaporator nonwoven from the recirculation line ( 13 ).

Подробнее
07-01-2016 дата публикации

Power generation systems and methods utilizing cascaded fuel cells

Номер: US20160006065A1
Принадлежит: General Electric Co

A power generation system including a first fuel cell configured to generate a first anode tail gas stream is presented. The system includes at least one fuel reformer configured to receive the first anode tail gas stream, mix the first anode tail gas stream with a reformer fuel stream to form a reformed stream; a splitting mechanism to split the reformed stream into a first portion and a second portion; and a fuel path configured to circulate the first portion to an anode inlet of the first fuel cell, such that the first fuel cell is configured to generate a first electric power, at least in part, by using the first portion as a fuel. The system includes a second fuel cell configured to receive the second portion, and to generate a second electric power, at least in part, by using the second portion as a fuel.

Подробнее
07-01-2021 дата публикации

Method for Preparing SOFC anti-coking Ni-YSZ anode materials

Номер: US20210005898A1
Принадлежит: Jingdezhen Ceramic Institute

The present disclosure relates to the field of materials, and in particular, to a method for preparing anti-coking Ni-YSZ anode materials for SOFC. The present disclosure provides a method for preparing a SOFC anode material, including: (1) providing the mixed powder of NiO and YSZ; (2) subjecting the mixed powder provided in step (1) to two-phase mutual solid solution treatment; (3) adjusting the particle size of the product obtained in the solid solution treatment in step (2). The SOFC anode material provided by the present disclosure could prepare the SOFC anode with good carbon deposition resistance. The anode material as a whole has the advantages of low cost, good catalytic performance, desirable electronic conductivity and well chemical compatibility with YSZ, etc. The long-term stability of cell performance is strong, and the cell preparation method is also easy to achieve industrialization. 1. A method for preparing a SOFC anode material , comprising:(1) providing a mixed powder of NiO and YSZ;(2) subjecting the mixed powder provided in step (1) to two-phase mutual solid solution treatment;(3) adjusting a particle size of a product obtained in the solid solution treatment in step (2).2. The preparation method according to claim 1 , wherein in the step (1) claim 1 , a specific method for providing the mixed powder of NiO and YSZ is pulverizing and mixing NiO and YSZ;and/or, in the step (1), a weight ratio of NiO and YSZ is 1˜1.8:1;{'sub': 2', '3', '50, 'and/or, in the step (1), when the SOFC anode material is an anode supporting material, the YSZ powder is 3˜8 mol. % YOdoped zirconia, a crystallite size of a NiO raw material is 5˜20 nm, and a particle size of a YSZ raw material is D=0.2˜1.0 μm;'}{'sub': 2', '3', '50, 'and/or, in the step (1), when the SOFC anode material is an anode functional layer material, the YSZ powder is 7˜9 mol. % YOdoped zirconia, a crystallite size of a NiO raw material is 5˜20 nm, and a particle size of a YSZ raw material is D=50˜ ...

Подробнее
07-01-2021 дата публикации

MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY OF ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICE, MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY OF FUEL CELL, FUEL CELL, MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY OF ELECTROCHEMICAL HYDROGEN PUMP, ELECTROCHEMICAL HYDROGEN PUMP, MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY OF HYDROGEN SENSOR, AND HYDROGEN SENSOR

Номер: US20210005899A1
Принадлежит:

A membrane electrode assembly of an electrochemical device includes a proton conductive solid electrolyte membrane and an electrode including Ni and an electrolyte material which contains as a primary component, at least one of a first compound having a composition represented by BaZrMO(Mrepresents at least one element selected from trivalent elements each having an ion radius of more than 0.720 A° to less than 0.880 A°, and 0 Подробнее

07-01-2021 дата публикации

FUEL CELL SYSTEM

Номер: US20210005907A1
Автор: Kanao Yukihisa
Принадлежит:

A supply channel through which an oxygen-containing exhaust gas discharged from a fuel cell stack is supplied to an exhaust gas combustor is branched so as to provide an oxygen-containing exhaust gas bypass channel through which the oxygen-containing exhaust gas is discharged to the outside in a manner to bypass the exhaust gas combustor. In the structure, the exhaust gas flow rate of an exhaust gas discharged through a condenser (saturated water vapor quantity) is suppressed. 1. A fuel cell system comprising:a fuel cell stack including a plurality of fuel cells stacked together, the fuel cells being configured to perform power generation by electrochemical reactions of a fuel gas and an oxygen-containing gas;a reformer configured to perform steam reforming of raw fuel chiefly containing hydrocarbon to generate the fuel gas supplied to the fuel cell stack;an exhaust gas combustor configured to generate a combustion gas by combusting a fuel exhaust gas and an oxygen-containing exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell stack;a heat exchanger configured to perform heat exchange between the combustion gas and the oxygen-containing gas;an oxygen-containing gas supply channel configured to supply the oxygen-containing gas to the fuel cell stack through the heat exchanger;a condenser configured to condense water vapor in the combustion gas and collect water; anda control unit configured to control the power generation,wherein a supply channel through which the oxygen-containing exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell stack is supplied to the exhaust gas combustor is branched so as to provide an oxygen-containing exhaust gas bypass channel through which the oxygen-containing exhaust gas is discharged in a manner to bypass the exhaust gas combustor.2. The fuel cell system according to claim 1 , further comprising a flow rate adjustment unit configured to regulate a flow rate of an oxygen-containing exhaust gas supplied to the exhaust gas combustor claim 1 ,wherein the ...

Подробнее
07-01-2021 дата публикации

Fuel Cell System and Method for Operating Fuel Cell System

Номер: US20210005910A1
Принадлежит:

Provided is a fuel cell system capable of further increasing electric power generation efficiency, compared to the current circumstances, with respect to a fuel cell SOFC that generates electric power by supplying a reformed gas obtained by steam reforming to a fuel electrode. A steam reformer that reforms a hydrocarbon fuel by a steam reforming reaction; a fuel cell that operates by introducing a reformed gas to a fuel electrode; and an anode off-gas circulation path that removes condensed water while cooling an anode off-gas, and introduces the anode off-gas to the steam reformer are provided. A condensation temperature in a condensing device is controlled by a control unit that controls a steam partial pressure of the anode circulated to the steam reformer, and S/C adjustment is adapted to high-efficiency electric power generation. 1. A fuel cell system comprising:a steam reformer that reforms a hydrocarbon fuel by a steam reforming reaction;a fuel cell that operates by introducing a reformed gas obtained by the steam reformer to a fuel electrode;an anode off-gas circulation path that removes condensed water while cooling an anode off-gas exhausted from the fuel electrode, and introduces the anode off-gas to the steam reformer; anda control unit configured to adjust an amount of the condensed water removed from the anode off-gas circulation path, and control a steam partial pressure of the anode off-gas circulated to the steam reformer.2. The fuel cell system according to claim 1 , further comprising:a condensing means configured to remove condensed water, provided on one or both of a discharge side and a suction side of a circulating means which circulates the anode off-gas to the steam reformer,wherein the control unit adjusts a circulation amount by the circulating means and a condensation temperature in the condensing means to adjust an amount of steam circulated to the steam reformer.3. The fuel cell system according to claim 2 ,wherein in the anode off-gas ...

Подробнее
07-01-2021 дата публикации

CARBON DIOXIDE UTILIZATION SYSTEM, AND COMPLEX POWER GENERATION SYSTEM USING THE SAME

Номер: US20210005911A1

Disclosed is a carbon dioxide utilization system capable of recharging and undergoing reactions. The system includes a cathode unit provided with a first aqueous solution accommodated in a first accommodation space, and a cathode at least a part of which is submerged in the first aqueous solution; an anode unit provided with an alkaline second aqueous solution accommodated in a second accommodation space, and a metal anode at least a part of which is submerged in the second aqueous solution; and a connection unit provided with a connection channel connecting the first and second accommodation spaces in open communication, and a porous ion transfer member, disposed in the connection channel, for blocking the movement of the first and second aqueous solutions but allowing the movement of ions. 1. A carbon dioxide utilization system comprising:a cathode unit including a first accommodation space, a first aqueous solution, and a cathode at least partially submerged in the first aqueous solution;an anode unit including a second accommodation space, a second aqueous solution which is basic, and a metal anode at least partially submerged in the second aqueous solution; anda connection unit configured to connect the cathode unit and the anode unit,wherein carbon dioxide introduced into the first aqueous solution is captured as a bicarbonate ion and produces a hydrogen ion, and the hydrogen ion reacts with an electron of the cathode to produce hydrogen.2. The carbon dioxide utilization system of claim 1 , wherein the anode is made of aluminum (Al) or zinc (Zn).3. The carbon dioxide utilization system of claim 1 , wherein the connection unit is a salt bridge.4. The carbon dioxide utilization system of claim 3 , wherein a solution inside the salt bridge contains sodium ions.5. The carbon dioxide utilization system of claim 1 , wherein the connection unit is disposed between the first accommodation space and the second accommodation space and is a porous ion transfer member ...

Подробнее
07-01-2021 дата публикации

SINGLE FUEL CELL, FUEL CELL MODULE, POWER GENERATION SYSTEM, HIGH-TEMPERATURE STEAM ELECTROLYSIS CELL AND METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME

Номер: US20210005915A1
Принадлежит:

A single fuel cell according to the present disclosure includes a power generation section, a power non-generation section which does not include the power generation section, and an oxygen-ion-insulating gas seal film arranged so as to cover the surface of the power non-generation section, and the gas seal film is configured by a structure formed by firing a material containing MTiO(M: alkaline earth metal element) and metal oxide. The structure may include a first structure and a second structure which are different in composition, the first structure may include components derived from MTiOin larger amounts than the second structure, the second structure may include a metal element contained in the metal oxide in a larger amount than the first structure, and the area ratio of the second structure in the structure may be not less than 1% and not more than 50%. 1. A single fuel cell comprising:a power generation section in which an anode, an electrolyte, and a cathode are stacked;a power non-generation section that does not include the power generation section; and{'sub': 3', '2, 'an oxygen-ion-insulating gas seal film arranged so as to cover at least a part of a surface of the power non-generation section, wherein the gas seal film comprises a structure formed by firing a material containing MTiO(M: alkaline earth metal element) and metal oxide (excluding TiOand YSZ).'}2. A single fuel cell comprising:a power generation section in which an anode, an electrolyte, and a cathode are stacked;a power non-generation section that does not include the power generation section; and{'sub': (1+x)', '3', '(1+y)', '3, 'an oxygen-ion-insulating gas seal film arranged so as to cover at least a part of a surface of the power non-generation section, wherein the gas seal film comprises a structure formed by firing a material containing MTiO(M: alkaline earth metal element, 0 Подробнее

03-01-2019 дата публикации

SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING ELECTROLYTE LAYER-ANODE ASSEMBLY

Номер: US20190006680A1
Принадлежит:

In an SOFC, a solid electrolyte layer and an anode are integrated with each other to provide an electrolyte layer-anode assembly. The anode contains a nickel element and a first proton conductor. The first proton conductor is composed of a first perovskite oxide having proton conductivity. The first perovskite oxide has an AXO-type crystal structure, the A-site containing Ba, the X-site containing Y and at least one selected from the group consisting of Zr and Ce. The nickel element is at least partially in the form of NiO. The anode has a porosity Pof 10% or more by volume when I/I≤0.1, where I/Idenotes a relative intensity ratio of the peak intensity Iof metallic Ni to the peak intensity Iof the NiO in an XRD spectrum of the anode. 1. A solid oxide fuel cell comprising a cell structure including a cathode , an anode , a protonically conductive solid electrolyte layer provided between the cathode and the anode , an oxidant channel to supply an oxidant to the cathode , and a fuel channel to supply a fuel to the anode ,wherein the solid electrolyte layer and the anode are integrated with each other to provide an electrolyte layer-anode assembly,the anode contains a nickel element and a first proton conductor,the first proton conductor is composed of a first perovskite oxide having proton conductivity,{'sub': '3', 'the first perovskite oxide has an AXO-type crystal structure, an A-site containing Ba, an X-site containing Y and at least one selected from the group consisting of Zr and Ce,'}the nickel element is at least partially in the form of NiO, and{'sub': a', 'Ni', 'NiO', 'Ni', 'NiO', 'Ni', 'NiO, 'the anode has a porosity Pof 10% or more by volume when I/I≤0.1, where I/Idenotes a relative intensity ratio of a peak intensity Iof metallic Ni to a peak intensity Iof the NiO in an X-ray diffraction spectrum of the anode.'}2. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1 , wherein the porosity Pis 10% by volume to 25% by volume.3. The solid oxide fuel cell according ...

Подробнее
03-01-2019 дата публикации

FUEL CELL

Номер: US20190006681A1
Принадлежит: Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.

A fuel cell includes a cell structure including a first electrode, a second electrode, and an electrolyte layer, a gas diffusion layer disposed adjacent to the first electrode, and a gas channel plate disposed adjacent to the gas diffusion layer, in which the gas diffusion layer is formed of a porous metal body having a three-dimensional mesh-like skeleton, the gas channel plate includes a first region including a first channel, a second region including a second channel, and a third region including a third channel, the first channel includes a slit extending from the center of the gas channel plate toward its outer edge at the boundary surface between the first region and the second region, letting the total area of the first channel at the boundary surface be a first opening area S, letting the total area of the second channel at the boundary surface between the second region and the third region be a second opening area S, and letting the total area of the third channel at the boundary surface between the third region and the gas diffusion layer be a third opening area S, the relationship S Подробнее

03-01-2019 дата публикации

PROCESS AND AN APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPRESSED HYDROGEN

Номер: US20190006690A1
Принадлежит:

The present invention provides a process and an apparatus for the production of compressed hydrogen gas from an input stream comprising gaseous methane. The apparatus comprises a solid oxide fuel () cell and an electro-chemical device () capable of extracting gaseous hydrogen and compressing it. The solid oxide fuel cell is capable of reforming the input stream comprising gaseous methane () to produce a product mixture comprising hydrogen. At least a portion of the product mixture comprising hydrogen is supplied () to the electrochemical device to produce a compressed hydrogen stream (). At least a portion of the product mixture comprising hydrogen is consumed by the solid oxide fuel cell to produce direct current electricity to at least partially power the electrochemical device, and optionally an electrolysis apparatus (), for additional hydrogen production. 1. A process for the production of compressed hydrogen gas from a feedstream comprising methane , comprising the steps of:(a) supplying the feedstream comprising methane and a steam stream to a solid oxide fuel cell wherein a reforming catalyst composition at the anode of the solid oxide fuel cell catalyses the generation of a product mixture comprising hydrogen;(b) generating electricity using the solid oxide fuel cell from at least a portion of the product mixture comprising hydrogen;(c) supplying at least a portion of the electricity generated by the solid oxide fuel cell to at least partially power an electrochemical device capable of extracting gaseous hydrogen and compressing it;(d) supplying at least a portion of the product mixture comprising hydrogen to the electrochemical device, for it to produce a compressed hydrogen stream; and(e) supplying, either continuously or intermittently, at least a portion of the compressed hydrogen stream to at least one hydrogen end-user and/or at least one storage unit.2. The process claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least another portion of the electricity generated by ...

Подробнее
03-01-2019 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING CELL STRUCTURE

Номер: US20190006692A1
Принадлежит:

A method for producing a cell structure includes: a step of firing a laminated body of a layer containing an anode material and a layer containing a solid electrolyte material, to obtain a joined body of an anode and a solid electrolyte layer; a step of laminating a layer containing a cathode material on a surface of the solid electrolyte layer, and firing the obtained laminated body to obtain a cathode. The anode material contains a metal oxide Ma1 and a nickel compound. The metal oxide Ma1 is a metal oxide having a perovskite structure represented by A1B1M1O(wherein: A1 is at least one of Ba, Ca, and Sr; B1 is at least one of Ce and Zr; M1 is at least one of Y, Yb, Er, Ho, Tm, Gd, In, and Sc; 0.85≤x1≤0.99; 0 Подробнее

02-01-2020 дата публикации

ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTION UNIT AND ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTION CELL STACK

Номер: US20200006788A1
Принадлежит: NGK SPARK PLUG CO., LTD.

An electrochemical reaction unit including a unit cell, a cathode-side member, and an anode-side member. The sum La of the distance Lai between a virtual straight line representing a center position of the unit cell and the midpoint between opposite end points of a cathode-side supply opening group and the distance Lao between the virtual straight line and the midpoint between opposite end points of a cathode-side discharge opening group is smaller than the sum Lf of the distance Lfi between the virtual straight line and the midpoint between opposite end points of an anode-side supply opening group including an opening of an anode-side supply communication channel and the distance Lfo between the virtual straight line and the midpoint between opposite end points of an anode-side discharge opening group including an opening of an anode-side discharge communication channel. 1. An electrochemical reaction unit comprising:a unit cell including an electrolyte layer containing a solid oxide and further including a cathode and an anode that face each other in a first direction with the electrolyte layer therebetween;a cathode-side member having a cathode chamber hole that forms a cathode chamber to which the cathode is facing and that has a first inner circumferential surface and a second inner circumferential surface facing each other in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, a cathode-side gas supply channel hole that forms a cathode-side gas supply channel through which gas to be supplied to the cathode chamber flows, a cathode-side gas discharge channel hole that forms a cathode-side gas discharge channel through which gas discharged from the cathode chamber flows, at least one cathode-side supply communication channel that is in communication with the cathode-side gas supply channel hole and has an opening at the first inner circumferential surface of the cathode chamber hole, and at least one cathode-side discharge communication channel that is in ...

Подробнее
02-01-2020 дата публикации

FUEL CELL SYSTEM

Номер: US20200006797A1
Принадлежит:

Provided is a fuel cell system. The fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack including a cathode receiving air and an anode receiving fuel, a first valve configured to be disposed on an anode supply line, which supplies the fuel to the anode, a second valve configured to be disposed on an anode exhaust line, which discharges an anode exhaust gas from the anode, and a controller configured to close the first valve and the second valve to prevent the air from being introduced into the fuel cell stack when the fuel cell stack stops. 1. A fuel cell system , comprising:a fuel cell stack including a cathode receiving air and an anode receiving fuel;a first valve configured to be disposed on an anode supply line, which supplies the fuel to the anode;a second valve configured to be disposed on an anode exhaust line, which discharges an anode exhaust gas from the anode; anda controller configured to close the first valve and the second valve to prevent the air from being introduced into the fuel cell stack when the fuel cell stack stops.2. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , further comprising:a burner receiving a fuel gas and the air and operating as a heat source,wherein the fuel gas supplied to the burner includes the anode exhaust gas supplied from the anode through the anode exhaust line, andwherein the second valve is disposed on the anode exhaust line, which connects the anode to the burner.3. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , further comprising:a reformer receiving a fuel gas and generating a reformed gas by a reforming reaction to discharge the reformed gas to the anode,wherein the anode supply line includes a fuel gas supply line which is disposed upstream of the reformer to receive the fuel gas and is provided with the first valve, and a reformed gas supply line which is disposed upstream of the reformer to supply the reformed gas from the reformer to the anode.4. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , further comprising:a pressure regulator adjusting a pressure of ...

Подробнее
03-01-2019 дата публикации

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR HANDLING CONTROLLER AREA NETWORK (CAN) MESSAGES IN A FUEL CELL SYSTEM

Номер: US20190007233A1
Принадлежит:

Systems, methods, and devices of the various embodiments may provide for the selective enablement and disablement of tags, such as control/process tags, in controller area network (CAN) networks, such as power generation systems, including fuel cell systems connected by a CAN bus. The selective enablement and disablement of tags, such as control/process tags, according to the various embodiments may enable management of CAN traffic such that CAN bandwidth may not be exceeded in CAN networks, such as fuel cell systems connected by a CAN bus. 1. A method for handling controller area network (CAN) messages in a fuel cell system , comprising:receiving, in a controller of the fuel cell system, a CAN message;determining, in the controller, whether all tags in the CAN message are disabled; anddropping, in the controller, the CAN message in response to determining that all the tags in the CAN message are disabled.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:taking an action by the controller in response to determining that all the tags in the CAN message are not disabled.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the action is packing the CAN message into another CAN message claim 2 , unpacking the CAN message claim 2 , or transmitting the CAN message to a CAN bus.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein determining whether all tags in the CAN message are disabled comprises comparing each tag identifier in the CAN message to a listing of tag identifiers correlated with tag states stored in a memory of the controller.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the tag states are enable tag values.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the tag states represent a state of a hardware device of the fuel cell system controlled by the controller.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the CAN message is a CAN Human Machine Interface (HMI) message.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fuel cell system comprises a solid oxide fuel cell system.9. A fuel cell system claim 1 , comprising:a controller area network ( ...

Подробнее
08-01-2015 дата публикации

SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL UNIT

Номер: US20150010842A1
Принадлежит:

Provided is a solid oxide fuel cell unit comprising an insulating support, and a power generation element comprising, at least, a fuel electrode, an electrolyte and an air electrode, which are sequentially laminated one another, the power generation element being provided on the insulating support, wherein an exposed insulating support portion, an exposed fuel electrode portion, and an exposed electrolyte portion are provided in an fuel electrode cell end portion. 1. A solid oxide fuel cell unit comprising:an insulating support having a gas flow path therein; andat least one power generation element which is provided on a surface of the insulating support and which comprises a fuel electrode, an electrolyte and an air electrode, the fuel electrode, the electrolyte and the air electrode being sequentially laminated one another, the insulating support being made of a porous material comprising an oxide, and the electrolyte being made of an oxide having a smaller coefficient of thermal expansion than a coefficient of thermal expansion of the insulating support, whereinthe solid oxide fuel cell unit further comprises an exposed electrolyte portion, an exposed fuel electrode portion, and an exposed insulating support portion, andthe exposed insulating support portion, the exposed fuel electrode portion, and the exposed electrolyte portion are arranged in this order at at least one end portion of the solid oxide fuel cell unit, the exposed insulating support portion being arranged at one most outer end of the solid oxide fuel cell unit.2. The solid oxide fuel cell unit according to claim 1 , whereinthe at least one power generation element includes a plurality of power generation elements;the solid oxide fuel cell unit comprising:an interconnector electrically connecting the fuel electrode of one of adjacent two of the power generation elements to the air electrode of the other power generation element; andan exposed insulating electrolyte portion provided, for electrical ...

Подробнее
12-01-2017 дата публикации

REAL-TIME MONITORING AND AUTOMATED INTERVENTION PLATFORM FOR LONG TERM OPERABILITY OF FUEL CELLS

Номер: US20170012309A1
Принадлежит:

Methods, apparatuses, and systems for real-time monitoring and automated intervention of a power generation. Embodiments may include receiving operating data from components of the power generation system. A potential failure condition for the components may be determined from real-time operating data of the received operating data before an occurrence of the potential failure condition. An alert may be issued in response to determining the real-time operating data indicates a potential failure condition, and instructions for remedying the potential failure condition may be transmitted to the power generation system. An algorithm for determining whether the real-time operating data indicates the potential failure condition may be updated by using preceding operating data in response to detecting the potential failure condition. 1. A method for monitoring a power generation system , comprising:receiving operating data from at least one component of the power generation system;determining whether real-time operating data of the received operating data indicates a potential failure condition for at least one of the components before an occurrence of the potential failure condition;issuing a first alert in response to determining the real-time operating data indicates the potential failure condition or transmitting instructions for remedying the potential failure condition to the power generation system; andupdating an algorithm for determining whether the real-time operating data indicates the potential failure condition using preceding operating data of the received operating data received before the real-time operating data in response to determining the real-time operating data indicates the potential failure condition.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:determining whether any portion of the received operating data is in an accepted operating range; andexecuting the algorithm for determining whether the real-time operating data indicates the potential ...

Подробнее
12-01-2017 дата публикации

SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL APPARATUS

Номер: US20170012312A1
Принадлежит:

The solid oxide fuel cell apparatus of the present invention comprises: multiple fuel cells mutually electrically connected to each other; an outside cylindrical member for housing the multiple fuel cells; an oxidant gas supply flow path for supplying oxidant gas to the fuel cells; a fuel gas supply flow path for supplying fuel gas to the fuel cells; a reforming portion for producing fuel gas by reforming raw fuel gas using steam; an evaporating portion for producing steam supplied to the reforming portion; and a fuel gas supply pipe for supplying water evaporated by the evaporating portion; wherein the evaporating portion comprises a sloped plate for dispersing water supplied from the fuel gas supply pipe over the entire evaporating portion using capillary action. 7. A solid oxide fuel cell apparatus for generating electricity by supplying and reacting fuel gas and oxidant gas , comprising:multiple fuel cells mutually electrically connected to each other;a housing case for housing the multiple fuel cells;an oxidant gas supply passage for supplying the oxidant gas to the multiple fuel cells;a fuel gas supply passage for supplying the fuel gas to the multiple fuel cells;a reformer disposed inside the fuel gas supply passage, for reforming raw fuel gas using steam to produce the fuel gas;an evaporator for producing steam supplied to the reformer; anda water supply portion for supplying water to be evaporated by the evaporator;wherein the evaporator includes a capillary-action producing portion for dispersing water supplied from the water supply portion over the entire evaporator using capillary action.21. The solid oxide fuel cell apparatus according to claim , wherein the capillary-action producing portion of the evaporator is formed by an acute-angle shaped indentation disposed over the entire bottom surface of the evaporator.3. The solid oxide fuel cell apparatus according to claim 2 , further comprising a mixing chamber positioned above the evaporator claim 2 , ...

Подробнее
14-01-2016 дата публикации

Fuel cell

Номер: US20160013501A1
Принадлежит: Sumitomo Precision Products Co Ltd

A solid oxide fuel cell includes a cell stack, a reformed gas introduction path introducing a reformed gas into the cell stack, an oxidizing agent gas introduction path introducing an oxidizing agent gas into the cell stack, and a cooling gas introduction path introducing a cooling gas into the oxidizing agent gas introduction path. A heat-absorption part absorbing heat is provided in a periphery of the cell stack, and the cooling gas introduction path is connected with the oxidizing agent gas introduction path through the heat-absorption part.

Подробнее
10-01-2019 дата публикации

ELECTRO-CHEMICAL MODULE

Номер: US20190013527A1
Принадлежит:

An electro-chemical module has a porous plate-shaped metallic carrier substrate with a gas-permeable central region and a peripheral region. A layered construction is disposed in the central region on a first side of the carrier substrate. At least one metallic gas-tight housing part is by way of a welded connection connected to the peripheral region of the carrier substrate. A gas-tight zone extends from the layered construction up to the housing part. The gas-tight zone has a gas-tight surface portion which extends superficially from the layered construction on the first side of the carrier substrate at least up to the welded connection. The welded connection by which the gas-tight surface portion is connected in a gas-tight manner to the housing part and the welding zone of which extends only through part of the thickness of the carrier substrate. 115-. (canceled)16. An electro-chemical module , comprising:a porous plate-shaped metallic carrier substrate having a gas-permeable central region, a peripheral region surrounding said central region, a first side and a second side;a layered construction having at least one electro-chemically active layer, said layered construction disposed in said central region on said first side of said carrier substrate;a welded connection having a welding zone;at least one metallic gas-tight housing part connected by way of said welded connection to said peripheral region of said carrier substrate;a gas-tight zone extending from said layered construction up to said metallic gas-tight housing part, said gas-tight zone having a gas-tight surface portion extending superficially from said layered construction on said first side of said carrier substrate at least up to said welded connection; andsaid welded connection by which said gas-tight surface portion is connected in a gas-tight manner to said metallic gas-tight housing part and said welding zone, proceeding from said first side, in a thickness direction extends only through part ...

Подробнее
14-01-2021 дата публикации

CONNECTING MATERIAL FOR SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL, MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF, AND SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL COMPRISING SAME

Номер: US20210013526A1
Принадлежит:

The present specification relates to a connecting material for a solid oxide fuel cell, comprising a conductive substrate; and a ceramic protective film provided on one surface of the conductive substrate, in which the ceramic protective film comprises an oxide represented by Formula 1, a manufacturing method thereof, and a solid oxide fuel cell comprising the same. 1. A connecting material for a solid oxide fuel cell , comprising:a conductive substrate; anda ceramic protective film provided on one surface of the conductive substrate, {'br': None, 'sub': x1', 'x2', 'y1', 'z1', '4-δ, 'MnCoCuYO\u2003\u2003[Formula 1]'}, 'wherein the ceramic protective film comprises an oxide represented by the following Formula 1in Formula 1, x1, x2, y1, and z1 denote a molar ratio of each component and satisfy the ranges of 0 Подробнее

14-01-2021 дата публикации

METAL-SUPPORTED CELL AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING METAL-SUPPORTED CELL

Номер: US20210013535A1
Автор: Iritsuki Keita
Принадлежит:

A metal-supported cell is configured by stacking a plurality of layers including an electrolyte layer, an electrode layer and a metal support layer. The electrolyte layer has compressive residual stress along a planar direction, and at least one layer of the plurality of layers other than the electrolyte layer has a tensile residual stress along the planar direction. 1. A metal-supported cell comprising:a plurality of layers including an electrolyte layer, an electrode layer and a metal support layer that are stacked,the electrolyte layer having a compressive residual stress along a planar direction, andat least one of the plurality of layers other than the electrolyte layer having a tensile residual stress along the planar direction,the metal support layer including a plurality of layers,at least a surface layer of the plurality of layers of the metal support layer having a compressive residual stress along the planar direction, andlayers other than the surface layer of the plurality of layers of the metal support layer having a tensile residual stress along the planar direction.2. The metal-supported cell according to claim 1 , whereinat least one of the electrode layer and the metal support layer has a tensile residual stress along the planar direction.3. The metal-supported cell according to claim 1 , whereinat least one of the electrode layer and the metal support layer has a compressive residual stress along the planar direction.4. (canceled)5. The metal-supported cell according to claim 1 , whereina linear expansion coefficient relationship is such that a linear expansion coefficient of the electrolyte layer is less than a linear expansion coefficient of the electrode layer which is less than a linear expansion coefficient of the metal support layer.6. A metal-supported cell manufacturing method comprising:stacking a plurality of layers including an electrolyte layer, an electrode layer and a metal support layer, the metal support layer including a plurality ...

Подробнее
03-02-2022 дата публикации

SEALING GLASS COMPOSITION AND SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL USING SAME

Номер: US20220033296A1
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to: a glass composition that can be used as sealing material; and a solid oxide fuel cell using same. A sealing glass composition according to the present invention includes 10-35 wt % of SiO, 3-35 wt % of BO, 30-65 wt % of BaO, 0.1-15 wt % of CaO, 0.1-3 wt % of NiO, and 0.1-3 wt % of CuO. Unlike conventional glass compositions as sealing material, the present sealing glass composition is suitable for use in solid oxide fuel cells that operate at medium-low temperatures, and in particular, has the excellent effect of minimizing sealing adhesion strength degradation even after long-term use. 1. A sealing glass composition , comprising:{'sub': '2', '10 to 35% by weight of SiO,'}{'sub': 2', '3, '3 to 35% by weight of BO,'}30 to 65% by weight of BaO,0.1 to 15% by weight of CaO,0.1 to 3% by weight of NiO, and0.1 to 3% by weight of CuO.2. The sealing glass composition of claim 1 , wherein a content of the SiOis equal to or less than ½ of a content of the BaO.3. The sealing glass composition of claim 1 , wherein a content of the CaO is less than a content of the BO.4. The sealing glass composition of claim 1 , further comprising at least one of AlO claim 1 , ZrO claim 1 , LaO claim 1 , SrO claim 1 , or MgO.5. The sealing glass composition of claim 4 , wherein the at least one of AlO claim 4 , ZrO claim 4 , LaO claim 4 , SrO claim 4 , or MgO is in a range of 0.1 to 20% by weight.6. The sealing glass composition of claim 1 , further comprising at least one of ZnO or LiO.7. The sealing glass composition of claim 6 , wherein the at least one of ZnO or LiOis in a range of 0.1 to 10% by weight.8. The sealing glass composition of claim 1 , wherein a hemisphere temperature is equal to or less than 800° C.9. A solid oxide fuel cell claim 1 , comprising a sealing material formed of the sealing glass composition according to .10. (canceled)11. A solid oxide fuel cell claim 2 , comprising a sealing material formed of the sealing glass composition ...

Подробнее
03-02-2022 дата публикации

BROWNMILLERITE-BASED POLYCRYSTALLINE FUSED PRODUCT

Номер: US20220033310A1
Принадлежит:

A polycrystalline fused product based on brownmillerite, includes, for more than 95% of its weight, of the elements Ca, Sr, Fe, O, M and M′, the contents of the elements being defined by the formula XMFeM′O, wherein the atomic indices are such that 0.76≤y≤1.10, z≤0.21, 0.48≤t≤1.15 and u≤0.52, 0.95≤y+z≤1.10, and 0.95≤t+u≤1.10, X being Ca or Sr or a mixture of Ca and Sr, M being an element chosen from the group formed by La, Ba and mixtures thereof, M′ being an element chosen from the group formed by Ti, Cu, Gd, Mn, Al, Sc, Ga, Mg, Ni, Zn, Pr, In, Co, and mixtures thereof, the sum of the atomic indices of Ti and Cu being less than or equal to 0.1. 1. A polycrystalline fused product based on brownmillerite , consisting , for more than 95% of its weight , of the elements Ca , Sr , Fe , O , M and M′ , the contents of said elements being defined by the formula XMFeM′O , wherein the atomic indices are such that 0.76≤y≤1.10 , z≤0.21 , 0.48≤t≤1.10 and u≤0.52 , 0.95≤y+z≤1.10 , and 0.95≤t+u≤1.10 , X being Ca or Sr or a mixture of Ca and Sr , M being an element chosen from the group formed by La , Ba and mixtures thereof , M′ being an element chosen from the group formed by Ti , Cu , Gd , Mn , Al , Sc , Ga , Mg , Ni , Zn , Pr , In , Co , and mixtures thereof , the sum of the atomic indices of Ti and Cu being less than or equal to 0.1.2. The fused product as claimed in claim 1 , wherein 0.85≤y≤1.05 and/or z≤0.15 and/or 0.75≤t≤1.05 and/or u≤0.25.3. The fused product as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the content of brownmillerite phase is greater than 50%.4. The fused product as claimed in claim 1 , wherein z=0.5. The fused product as claimed in claim 1 , wherein u=0.6. The fused product as claimed in claim 1 , wherein z=0 and u=0.7. The fused product as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the element M′ is chosen from Ti claim 1 , Cu claim 1 , Ni claim 1 , Co claim 1 , Mn and mixtures thereof.8. The fused product as claimed in claim 1 , of formulation XMFeM′O claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , ...

Подробнее
09-01-2020 дата публикации

SOLID-OXIDE FUEL CELL SYSTEMS

Номер: US20200014046A1
Принадлежит:

The present application provides combined cycle fuel cell systems that include a fuel cell, such as a solid-oxide fuel cell (SOFC), comprising an anode that generates a tail gas and a cathode that generates cathode exhaust. The system or plant may include adding fuel, such as processed or refined tail gas, to the inlet air stream of a reformer to heat the reformer. The system or plant may include removing water from the tail gas and recycling the removed water into an inlet fuel stream. The inlet air stream may be the cathode exhaust stream of the fuel cell, and the inlet fuel stream may be input hydrocarbon fuel that is directed to the reformer to produce hydrogen-rich reformate. The system or plant may direct some of the processed or refined tail gas to a bottoming cycle. 115.-. (canceled)16. A combined cycle fuel cell system comprising:a solid-oxide fuel cell comprising an a cathode configured to generate a cathode exhaust, and an anode configured to generate a tail gas;a reforming system configured to convert at least a portion of a mixture of input hydrocarbon fuel and input steam into a hydrogen-rich reformate, and to output the hydrogen-rich reformate to the anode of the fuel cell; and a bottoming cycle,wherein the tail gas is prevented from being input into the anode and cathode of the fuel cell,wherein a first portion of the tail gas is directed to the bottoming cycle to drive the bottoming cycle, andwherein the reforming system is heated to facilitate conversion of the input hydrocarbon fuel and the input steam into the hydrogen-rich reformate by directing through the reforming system at least a portion of heated cathode exhaust that is formed by combusting a second portion of the tail gas in the cathode exhaust.17. The system of claim 16 , wherein a portion of the cathode exhaust is mixed with at least one of the input hydrocarbon fuel and the hydrogen-rich reformate upstream of the fuel cell.18. The system of claim 16 , wherein the system includes a ...

Подробнее
09-01-2020 дата публикации

Manufacturing Method for Electrochemical Element and Electrochemical Element

Номер: US20200014051A1
Принадлежит:

Provided is a low-cost electrochemical element that has excellent performance, reliability, and durability. Also, provided is a manufacturing method for an electrochemical element including a metal substrate (metal support) and an electrode layer formed on/over the metal substrate. The method includes an electrode layer forming step of forming an electrode layer having a region with a surface roughness of 1.0 μm or less on/over the metal substrate, and an electrolyte layer forming step of forming an electrolyte layer by spraying aerosolized metal oxide powder onto the electrode layer. 1. A manufacturing method for an electrochemical element including a metal support and an electrode layer formed on/over the metal support , the method comprising:an electrode layer forming step of forming an electrode layer having a region with a surface roughness (Ra) of 1.0 μm or less on the metal support; andan electrolyte layer forming step of forming an electrolyte layer by spraying aerosolized metal oxide powder onto the electrode layer.2. A manufacturing method for an electrochemical element including a metal support , an electrode layer formed on/over the metal support , and an intermediate layer formed on/over the electrode layer , the method comprising:an intermediate layer forming step of forming an intermediate layer having a region with a surface roughness (Ra) of 1.0 μm or less on the electrode layer; andan electrolyte layer forming step of forming an electrolyte layer by spraying aerosolized metal oxide powder onto the intermediate layer.3. The manufacturing method for an electrochemical element according to claim 2 , wherein the electrolyte layer contains stabilized zirconia.4. An electrochemical element provided with a dense electrolyte layer formed by spraying aerosolized metal oxide powder onto an electrode layer that is formed on/over a metal support and has a region with a surface roughness (Ra) of 1.0 μm or less.5. An electrochemical element provided with a dense ...

Подробнее
09-01-2020 дата публикации

PERFORMANCE OF TECHNICAL CERAMICS

Номер: US20200014052A1

Disclosed herein are a ceramic particle comprising a ceramic core substrate and a conformal coating of a sintering aid film on a surface of the core substrate, wherein the conformal coating includes a plurality of distributed islands of the sintering aid film across the surface of the core substrate; methods for producing the ceramic particle by ALD or MLD; and methods of using the coated ceramic particles in additive manufacturing or in solid oxide fuel cells. In one example, the film may have a thickness of less than three nanometers. The disclosed ceramic particle may be non-reactive with water. 1. A ceramic particle comprising:a core substrate chosen from yttria-stabilized zirconia, partially stabilized zirconia, zirconium oxide, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, boron carbide, boron nitride, aluminum oxide, barium titanate, and cerium oxide, anda conformal coating of a sintering aid film on a surface of the core substrate, wherein the conformal coating of the sintering aid film comprises a plurality of distributed islands of the sintering aid film across the surface of the core substrate.2. The ceramic particle of claim 1 , wherein less than 40 percent of the surface of the core substrate is covered by the plurality of distributed islands of the sintering aid film claim 1 , and wherein the plurality of distributed islands of the sintering aid film are substantially evenly distributed.3. The ceramic particle of claim 2 , wherein about 5 percent of the surface of the core substrate is covered by the plurality of distributed islands of the sintering aid film.4. The ceramic particle of claim 1 , wherein the ceramic particle is non-reactive with water.5. The ceramic particle of claim 1 , wherein the core substrate comprises barium titanate and the sintering aid film comprises at least one compound chosen from alumina claim 1 , an alkaline earth oxide claim 1 , zinc oxide claim 1 , titanium oxide claim 1 , boron nitride claim 1 , a silicon oxide ...

Подробнее
21-01-2016 дата публикации

Functional grading of cathode infiltration for spatial control of activity

Номер: US20160020468A1
Принадлежит: WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY

Disclosed are various embodiments for functional grading of electrode infiltration for spatial control of activity. In one embodiment, a system comprises a plurality of electrodes. At least one electrode of the plurality of electrodes comprises a non-uniform distribution of an infiltrate applied along a length of the at least one electrode.

Подробнее
21-01-2016 дата публикации

COMPOSITION FOR FUEL CELL ELECTRODE

Номер: US20160020470A1
Принадлежит:

In some examples, a fuel cell including an anode; electrolyte; and cathode separated from the anode by the electrolyte, wherein the cathode includes a Pr-nickelate based material with (PrA)(NiB)Oas a general formula, where n is 1 as an integer, A is an A-site dopant including of a metal of a group formed by one or more lanthanides, and B is a B-site dopant including of a metal of a group formed by one or more transition metals, wherein the A and B-site dopants are provided such that there is an increase in phase-stability and reduction in degradation of the Pr-nickelate based material, and A is at least one metal cation of lanthanides, La, Nd, Sm, or Gd, B is at least one metal cation of transition metals, Cu, Co, Mn, Zn, or Cr, where: 0 Подробнее

21-01-2016 дата публикации

COATINGS FOR METAL INTERCONNECTS TO REDUCE SOFC DEGRADATION

Номер: US20160020471A1
Принадлежит:

A method of coating an interconnect for a solid oxide fuel cell includes providing an interconnect including Cr and Fe, and coating an air side of the interconnect with a manganese cobalt oxide spinel coating using a plasma spray process.

Подробнее
21-01-2016 дата публикации

Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Bundle Assembly with Insulation End Pieces and Tilt Pad Tie Down Clamp

Номер: US20160020472A1
Автор: TAYLOR Owen S.
Принадлежит:

A fuel cell assembly of one or more fuel cell bundles, wherein each fuel cell bundle comprises an array of elongated tubular fuel cells, comprising: an oxidant supply system; a fuel supply system; a fuel reformation system; and a support structure for integrating as a bundle said elongated tubular fuel cells, said oxidant supply system, said fuel supply system, and said fuel reformation system; a first row of spaced apart, elongated tubular fuel cells; wherein said support structure comprises: a base plate; a plurality of upper insulation end pieces (UIEPs) surrounding a top of the fuel cell assembly to produce a top assembly, wherein each upper insulation end piece has a top surface, a side portion and a beveled portion disposed between the top surface and the side portion to produce a beveled shoulder around the top assembly; a top clamp having a beveled inner surface complementary to the beveled shoulder that interfaces against a plurality of pivot pads disposed on the beveled shoulder when the top clamp is tensioned against the top assembly.

Подробнее
19-01-2017 дата публикации

SURFACE MODIFIED SOFC CATHODE PARTICLES AND METHODS OF MAKING SAME

Номер: US20170018782A1
Принадлежит:

A novel method to modify the surface of lanthanum and strontium containing cathode powders before or after sintering by depositing layers of gadolinium doped ceria (GDC) and/or samarium doped ceria or similar materials via atomic layer deposition on the powders. The surface modified powders are sintered into porous cathodes that have utility enhancing the electrochemical performance of the cathodes, particularly for use in solid oxide fuel cells. Similar enhancements are observed for surface treatment of sintered cathodes. 1. A cathode powder , the powder particles of the cathode powder having an oxide surface layer comprising a metal oxide , wherein the metal is a rare earth element , and wherein the oxide surface layer is deposited by atomic layer deposition.2. The cathode powder of wherein the rare earth element is ceria.3. The cathode powder of wherein the rare earth element is samaria.4. The cathode powder of wherein the rare earth element is gadolinia.5. The cathode powder of wherein a dopant of samaria is incorporated in the oxide surface layer.6. The cathode powder of wherein a dopant of gadolinia is incorporated in the oxide surface layer.7. The cathode powder of wherein the powder particles comprise lanthanum and strontium.8. The cathode powder of wherein the powder particles comprise lanthanum strontium cobalt iron oxide.9. The cathode powder of wherein the powder particles are sintered after deposition of the oxide surface layer claim 1 , and the sintered material is a cathode.10. A performance enhancing layer or nodules deposited on a cathode powder claim 1 , wherein the layer or nodules are deposited by atomic layer deposition claim 1 , and after deposition the cathode powder is sintered.11. The performance enhancing layer or nodules of wherein the performance enhancing layer is lanthanum strontium manganate.12. The performance enhancing nodules of wherein the performance enhancing nodules are comprised of at least one of Pt claim 10 , Ir claim 10 , or ...

Подробнее
19-01-2017 дата публикации

STACK PROTECTION METHOD IN CASE OF EMERGENCY SHUT DOWN OR BLACK OUT IN SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL SYSTEM

Номер: US20170018790A1
Принадлежит: POSTECH ACADEMY-INDUSTRY FOUNDATION

The present invention relates to a stack protection method in case of emergency shut down or black out in a solid oxide fuel cell system and, more particularly, to a system and a method for, if supply of fuel gas and water to an anode channel of a stack is discontinued due to emergency shut down or black out, etc. in a solid oxide fuel cell system, preventing an anode from being contaminated by oxygen in the air and preventing re-oxidation of an anode material from occurring and cracks from forming on the stack due to the contamination. A fuel cell according to the present invention is disposed in a hot box along with a fuel cell stack, and has an auxiliary vaporizer which vaporizes and supplies, to a stack anode, water supplied from a water reservoir tank by a water level difference. 1. A fuel cell having an auxiliary vaporizer rested in a hot box together with a fuel cell stack , supplied with water from a water reservoir tank by a water level different from that of the water reservoir tank , vaporizing the supplied water and supplying the vaporized water to an anode of the stack.2. The fuel cell according to claim 1 , wherein the fuel cell is a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) operating at a high temperature.3. The fuel cell according to claim 2 , wherein the SOFC includes: a fuel cell stack;a hot box in which the stack and the auxiliary vaporizer are rested and insulated; a preprocessor for exchanging heat between a stack discharge gas exhausted from the stack and a fuel gas containing air and water;the water reservoir tank for supplying water to the preprocessor; a source of air for supplying the air; and a source of fuel for supplying the fuel gas.4. The fuel cell according to claim 3 , wherein the fuel gas is supplied from the source of fuel to the preprocessor together with the vaporized water by way of the auxiliary vaporizer.5. The fuel cell according to claim 4 , wherein the fuel gas is supplied from the source of fuel and passes through the water reservoir ...

Подробнее
03-02-2022 дата публикации

INTERCONNECTOR PLATE FOR A FUEL CELL, AND FUEL CELL SYSTEM FOR AN AIRCRAFT

Номер: US20220037678A1
Принадлежит:

An interconnector plate for a fuel cell and a fuel cell system for an aircraft. For better extraction of the energy generated by the fuel cell, an interconnector plate can be attached by form fit to fixing studs of the fuel cell by retaining eyes. The interconnector plate may additionally be secured using glass solder. In preparation for a higher power density, a fuel cell can be produced in ceramic by 3D-printing and has an improved power density because of its helical shape. 1. An interconnector plate for a fuel cell , wherein the interconnector plate can be inserted in a gas channel and comprises a connecting region configured for extraction of electrical energy , and at least one retaining eye , by which the interconnector plate can be retained by form fit on the fuel cell by attachment to a retaining device.2. The interconnector plate of claim 1 , wherein the interconnector plate is configured as a bent sheet metal part.3. The interconnector plate of claim 1 , comprising a plurality of contact tongues arranged in comb-like fashion.4. The interconnector plate of claim 1 , wherein the interconnector plate has an expansion coefficient similar to an expansion coefficient of the gas channel in which it can be inserted claim 1 , in order to prevent delamination of the interconnector plate and the contact tongue.5. The interconnector plate of claim 1 , wherein the connecting region is configured such that interconnector plates arranged along a structural axis can be connected by a rod.6. The interconnector plate of claim 1 , wherein the retaining eye has a circular or D-shaped form.7. The interconnector plate of claim 1 , comprising a strip-like region which in an installed state closely follows a contour of a fuel cell segment.8. A fuel cell segment for forming a fuel cell claim 1 , wherein the fuel cell segment is configured for retaining an interconnector plate by at least one fixing stud which can hold the interconnector plate by form fit.9. The fuel cell segment ...

Подробнее
03-02-2022 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING A METAL-SUPPORTED FUEL CELL AND/OR ELECTROLYZER UNIT

Номер: US20220037679A1
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a method for producing a metal-supported fuel cell and/or electrolyzer unit, in particular a metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell unit, wherein the metal-supported fuel cell and/or electrolyzer unit comprises at least one electrode unit () with at least two functional layers (), and the metal-supported fuel cell and/or electrolyzer unit comprises at least one metal support device for supporting the electrode unit (). According to the invention, the metal support device and the electrode unit () which has the at least two functional layers () are produced separately. 114141414161816181618161814141414141414141618161816181618abcfaabbccffabcfabcfaabbccff. A method for producing a metal-supported fuel cell and/or electrolyzer unit , wherein the metal-supported fuel cell and/or electrolyzer unit comprises at least one electrode unit (; ; ; ) with at least two functional layers ( , ; , ; , ; , ) , and wherein the metal-supported fuel cell and/or electrolyzer unit comprises at least one metal support device for supporting the electrode unit (; ; ; ) , characterized in that the metal support device and the electrode unit (; ; ; ) , which has the at least two functional layers ( , ; , ; , ; , ) , are produced separately.21414141422222214141414abcfabcabcf. The method as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that the electrode unit (; ; ; ) is applied to a flexible transport support element (; ; ) before application of the electrode unit (; ; ; ) to the metal support device.31414141422222214141414abcfabcabcf. The method as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that claim 1 , in at least one method step claim 1 , after the electrode unit (; ; ; ) has been applied to the metal support device claim 1 , a transport support element (; ; ) is removed for the transport of the electrode unit (; ; ; ).4262614141414ababab. The method as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that an additional functional layer (; ) is applied to the electrode unit (; ) in at ...

Подробнее
03-02-2022 дата публикации

Method of preparation and application for glass ceramic sealing thin strips

Номер: US20220037682A1
Принадлежит:

A method of preparation and application for a glass ceramic sealing thin strip with high sealing performance, differing from using conventional glass ceramic packaging paste applied to the junction of the cell stack assembly and connecting plates. The glass ceramic sealing thin strip of present invention utilizes tape casting to produce a single layer or multi-layer stacking in accordance with the required thickness of the glass-ceramic sealing thin strip, and cutting the glass ceramic sealing thin strips from molds in accordance with the geometry of cell stacks with equal thickness of the glass ceramic sealing thin strip for SOFC cell stack assembly, aiming to overcome the setbacks of the conventional dispensing method with glass ceramic packaging paste that makes the thickness difficult to control, and to effectively improve sealing performance of the cell stack assembly and the power generation efficiency, and achieve commercial application with mass production. 1. A method for manufacturing a glass ceramic sealing thin strip , comprising the steps of:selecting a glass ceramic powder having sealing properties,adjusting the glass ceramic powder into a slurry and preparing a green tape substrate through tape casting molding process, wherein the slurry ingredient comprises essentially of sealing glass ceramic powder, organic solvent, dispersant, pore former and binding agent,laminating a thin glass ceramic green tape of the glass ceramic sealing thin strip to form the glass ceramic sealing thin strip through a process of thermal lamination and water pressure equalization;preparing a size of the glass ceramic sealing thin strip in conformance with the size of a SOFC cell;cutting the glass ceramic sealing thin strip into a single sheet thin strip kit for sealing the SOFC cell stack through a molding process in conformance with the geometry of the SOFC cell stack assembly, wherein the sealing strips are punched into various shapes through the molding process, including ...

Подробнее
03-02-2022 дата публикации

Fuel cell and fuel cell system for an aircraft

Номер: US20220037685A1
Принадлежит: Airbus Defence and Space GmbH

A fuel cell to provide a higher power density. The fuel cell can be produced by 3D printing in ceramic and has an improved power density by virtue of its spiral shape. In order to better extract the energy generated by the fuel cell, an interconnector sheet can be fastened positively to fastening knobs of the fuel cell by holding eyes. In addition, the interconnector sheet can be fixed by glass solder.

Подробнее
21-01-2021 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PLASTICIZING SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL

Номер: US20210018268A1
Принадлежит: LG CHEM, LTD.

The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method of firing a unit cell for a solid oxide fuel cell, and more particularly, to an apparatus and a method of firing a unit cell for a solid oxide fuel cell, which are capable of performing pre-sintering and main sintering using a single apparatus by adjusting a height of a setter. 1. An apparatus for firing a unit cell for a solid oxide fuel cell , the apparatus comprising:a plurality of setters configured to support stacks, each setter having opposed surfaces; anda pair of supports coupled to the plurality of setters and configured to support the plurality of setters,wherein the opposed surfaces of at least one of the plurality of setters are made of different materials, andwherein a height of the plurality of setters is adjustable along the pair of supports.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the opposed surfaces of a lowermost setter of the plurality of setters are made of a same material.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein a first surface of the at least one of the plurality of setters is made of a material non-reactive to an electrolyte claim 1 , and a second surface of the at least one of the plurality of setters is made of a material non-reactive to an anode.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the stacks includes an anode and an electrolyte.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein a first surface of the at least one of the plurality of setters includes a dense ceramic material claim 1 , and a second surface of the at least one of the plurality of setters includes a porous ceramic material.6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the dense ceramic material includes an alumina ceramic material claim 5 , and the porous ceramic material includes one or more of porous alumina ceramic and silicon carbide (SiC) ceramic.7. A method of firing a unit cell for a solid oxide fuel cell claim 5 , the method comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'disposing stacks on the plurality of ...

Подробнее
18-01-2018 дата публикации

STRONTIUM MAGNESIUM MOLYBDENUM OXIDE MATERIAL HAVING DOUBLE PEROVSKITE STRUCTURE AND METHOD FOR PREPARING THE SAME

Номер: US20180019478A1
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a strontium magnesium molybdenum oxide material having perovskite structure and the method for preparing the same. Citric acid is adopted as the chelating agent. By using sol-gel pyrolysis and replacing a portion of strontium in SrMgMoOby cerium and a portion of magnesium by copper, a material with a chemical formula of SrCeMgCuMoOis produced, where 0≦x<2, 0 Подробнее

18-01-2018 дата публикации

METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR DISTRIBUTING REACTANTS INTO AN ELECTROLYZER CELL

Номер: US20180019482A1
Принадлежит: Elcogen Oy

An input reactant flow guiding arrangement for a solid oxide electrolyzer cell includes a flow distribution area and a flow outlet area, each on the flow field plate. The arrangement guides input reactant flow to the flow distribution area from sides of the electrolyzer cell, and turns at least one of the input reactant feed flow and the input reactant outlet flow to equalize flow distribution on an electrolyte element. A reactant flow adjusting structure with flow restriction orifices has at least one geometrical shape for adjusting homogenously at least one of the input reactant feed flow and input reactant outlet flow over an electrolyte element based on a flow functional effect of the at least one geometrical shape of the flow adjusting structure, the flow adjusting structure having flow restriction orifices of definable height and a gasket structure having at least partly an elliptical shape. 1. An input reactant flow guiding arrangement for a solid oxide electrolyzer cell , the cell having an input reactant side , an oxygen rich side , and an electrolyte element between the input reactant side and the oxygen rich side , wherein the input reactant flow guiding arrangement comprises:a flow field plate for each cell to arrange air flow on a first side of the flow field plate and fuel flow on a second side of flow field plate;a flow distribution area on the flow field plate;a flow outlet area on the flow field plate;means for guiding input reactant flow to the flow distribution area from sides of the electrolyzer cell;means for turning at least one of the input reactant feed flow on the flow distribution area and input reactant outlet flow on the flow outlet area in order to equalize flow distribution on an electrolyte element; anda reactant flow adjusting structure with flow restriction orifices having at least one geometrical shape for adjusting homogenously at least one of the input reactant feed flow and input reactant outlet flow over an electrolyte element ...

Подробнее
18-01-2018 дата публикации

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THERMAL CONTROL IN A FUEL CELL

Номер: US20180019487A1
Принадлежит:

There is disclosed a method and apparatus for controlling an internal temperature of a fuel cell system. The method and system includes measuring a burner temperature of the high temperature fuel cell system comprising a fuel cell stack and a burner, the fuel cell stack comprising at least one fuel cell. The method further includes comparing the measured burner temperature with a predetermined burner temperature set point to identify a burner temperature difference between the measured burner temperature and the predetermined burner temperature set point and controlling an amount of oxidant supplied to the burner to decrease or increase the amount of oxidant supplied to the burner to thereby reduce the burner temperature difference and control a fuel cell stack inlet temperature. 1. A method for controlling an internal temperature of a high temperature fuel cell system , comprising:measuring a burner temperature of the high temperature fuel cell system comprising a fuel cell stack and a burner, the fuel cell stack comprising at least one fuel cell;comparing the measured burner temperature with a predetermined burner temperature set point to identify a burner temperature difference between the measured burner temperature and the predetermined burner temperature set point; andcontrolling an amount of oxidant supplied to the burner to decrease or increase the amount of oxidant supplied to the burner to thereby reduce the burner temperature difference and control a fuel cell stack inlet temperature.2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , further including the steps of:determining a predetermined fuel cell stack current set point; anddetermining a corrective function to vary the predetermined burner temperature set point based on the predetermined fuel cell stack current set point to reduce the burner temperature difference and control the fuel cell stack inlet temperature.3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , further including the steps of:determining the fuel cell stack ...

Подробнее
18-01-2018 дата публикации

Steam reformer for in-block fuel cell reforming

Номер: US20180019490A1
Принадлежит: LG FUEL CELL SYSTEMS INC

A fuel cell system and method is provided to control the volumetric ratio of a reformate and unreformed hydrocarbon fuel supplied to a fuel cell configured for in-stack reforming. The system includes a reformer having a number of high and low steam reforming activity channels which provide a full equilibrated fuel stream and a fuel stream having hydrocarbon levels slight lower than the hydrocarbon levels of the hydrocarbon fuel supplied to the reformer, respectively. The fuel streams can be mixed and supplied to the fuel cell to provide in-stack reforming while reducing or inhibiting the formation of carbon in the fuel stack.

Подробнее
18-01-2018 дата публикации

THREE DIMENSIONAL EXTRUSION PRINTED ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICES

Номер: US20180019493A1
Принадлежит:

Solid oxide electrochemical devices, methods for making the electrochemical devices, and methods of using the electrochemical devices are provided. The electrochemical devices comprise a plurality of stacked functional layers that are formed by a combination of three-dimensional (3D) extrusion printing and two-dimensional (2D) casting techniques. 1. A method of making a solid oxide electrochemical device , the method comprising:casting an ionically conducting electrolyte film comprising an oxide ceramic;casting an anode transition film comprising a composite of the oxide ceramic and a first additional ceramic;casting a cathode transition film comprising a composite of the oxide ceramic and a second additional ceramic;3D extrusion printing a three-dimensional anode comprising a central portion comprising a plurality of spaced-apart, parallel fibers, the fibers comprising the first additional ceramic, and a peripheral portion forming an annulus around the central portion and comprising a plurality of fibers running directly alongside one another, the fibers in the peripheral portion comprising an insulating ceramic;3D extrusion printing a three-dimensional cathode comprising a central portion comprising a plurality of spaced-apart, parallel fibers, the fibers comprising the second additional ceramic, and a peripheral portion forming an annulus around the central portion and comprising a plurality of fibers running directly alongside one another, the fibers in the peripheral portion comprising an insulating ceramic;forming a cell structure comprising, from a first end to a second end, the cathode, the cathode transition film, the electrolyte film, the anode transition film, and the anode;bonding together the cathode, the cathode transition film, the electrolyte film, the anode transition film, and the anode to form a green body cell; andco-sintering the green body cell.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the spaced-apart claim 1 , parallel fibers in the anode are ...

Подробнее
18-01-2018 дата публикации

REGENERATION OF FUEL CELL ELECTRODES

Номер: US20180019494A1
Автор: Deering Joe, Liu Zhien
Принадлежит: LG FUEL CELL SYSTEMS INC.

A method of operating a fuel cell system is provided. The fuel cell system may comprise one or more solid oxide fuel cells. One or more of the fuel cells may be operated in a fuel cell mode under an average current density of 100 to 1000 mA/cmfor a period of at least five hundred hours. The method may further comprise operating at least one of the fuel cells in an electrolyzer mode under an average current density from 100 to 1500 mA/cm, which may be applied for at least one hour. The ratio of the average current density in the electrolyzer mode to the average current density in the fuel cell mode may be at least one but no more than two and one-half. 1. A method of operating a solid oxide fuel cell system comprising one or more fuel cells , said method comprising:{'sup': '2', 'operating one or more of the fuel cells in a fuel cell mode under an average current density from 100 to 1000 mA/cmfor a period of at least five hundred hours; and'}{'sup': '2', 'operating at least one of the fuel cells in an electrolyzer mode under an average current density from 100 to 1500 mA/cm.'}2. The method of comprising operating the one or more fuel cells in a fuel cell mode for a period of five hundred hours to ten thousand hours.3. The method of comprising operating the one or more fuel cells in a fuel cell mode for a period of one thousand hours to four thousand hours.4. The method of claim 2 , comprising operating the at least one fuel cell in an electrolyzer mode for a period of at least one hour.5. The method of claim 4 , comprising operating the at least one fuel cell in an electrolyzer mode for a period of one hour to seventy two hours.6. The method of claim 1 , comprising operating the at least one fuel cell in a electrolyzer mode for a period of at least one hour.7. The method of comprising operating the fuel cell in an electrolyzer mode for a period of one hour to seventy two hours.8. The method of comprising operating at least one of the fuel cells in an electrolyzer mode ...

Подробнее
17-01-2019 дата публикации

Fuel cell system and control method for fuel cell system

Номер: US20190020047A1
Принадлежит: Nissan Motor Co Ltd

A fuel cell system including: a solid oxide type fuel cell that is supplied with an anode gas and a cathode gas to generate an electric power; a fuel tank that stores a water-containing fuel containing water; a fuel supply passage that couples the fuel cell to the fuel tank; a reformer disposed on the fuel supply passage, the reformer reforming the water-containing fuel into the anode gas; a separator disposed on the fuel supply passage in an upstream side with respect to the reformer, the separator separating the water contained in the water-containing fuel; a detector disposed in the upstream side with respect to the reformer, the detector detecting or estimating a moisture content contained in the water-containing fuel; and a control unit that controls the separator. The control unit controls the separator on the basis of the moisture content detected or estimated by the detector.

Подробнее
16-01-2020 дата публикации

FUNCTIONALIZED, POROUS GAS CONDUCTION PART FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL MODULE

Номер: US20200020957A1
Принадлежит:

A porous or at least sectionally porous gas conduction part is provided for an electrochemical module. The electrochemical module has at least one electrochemical cell unit having a layer construction with at least one electrochemically active layer, and a metallic, gastight housing which forms a gastight process gas space with the electrochemical cell unit. The housing extends on at least one side beyond the region of the electrochemical cell unit, and forms a process gas conduction space open to the electrochemical cell unit, and in the region of the process gas conduction space has at least one gas passage opening for the supply and/or removal of the process gases. The gas conduction part here is adapted for arrangement within the process gas conduction space and its surface is functionalized for interaction with the process gas. 120-. (canceled)21. A porous or at least sectionally porous gas conduction part for an electrochemical module , the electrochemical module containing at least one electrochemical cell unit having a layer construction with at least one electrochemically active layer , and a metallic , gastight housing forming a gastight process gas space with the electrochemical cell unit , wherein on at least one side the metallic , gastight housing extending beyond a region of the electrochemical cell unit , and forms a process gas conduction space open to the electrochemical cell unit , and in a region of the process gas conduction space having at least one gas passage opening for a supply and/or removal of process gases , the gas conduction part comprising:a gas conduction part body being adapted for arrangement within the process gas conduction space and a surface of the gas conduction part body being functionalized for interaction with a process gas.22. The gas conduction part according to claim 21 , wherein said gas conduction part body is configured as a separate component from the electrochemical cell unit.23. The gas conduction part according to ...

Подробнее
16-01-2020 дата публикации

REGENERATIVE SOLID OXIDE STACK

Номер: US20200020962A1
Принадлежит:

An individual solid oxide cell (SOC) constructed of a sandwich configuration including in the following order: an oxygen electrode, a solid oxide electrolyte, a fuel electrode, a fuel manifold, and at least one layer of mesh. In one embodiment, the mesh supports a reforming catalyst resulting in a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) having a reformer embedded therein. The reformer-modified SOFC functions internally to steam reform or partially oxidize a gaseous hydrocarbon, e.g. methane, to a gaseous reformate of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, which is converted in the SOC to water, carbon dioxide, or a mixture thereof, and an electrical current. In another embodiment, an electrical insulator is disposed between the fuel manifold and the mesh resulting in a solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC), which functions to electrolyze water and/or carbon dioxide. 1. A solid oxide cell comprising components disposed in a sandwich configuration in the following order:(i) an oxygen electrode,(ii) a solid oxide electrolyte,(iii) a fuel electrode,(iv) a fuel manifold, and(v) at least one layer of mesh disposed on a side of the fuel manifold opposite a side facing the fuel electrode.2. The solid oxide cell of wherein the at least one layer of mesh each individually has an ultra-short-channel-length ranging from greater than 25 microns to less than 500 microns.3. The solid oxide cell of wherein the at least one layer of mesh comprises a structured material having from 5 to 80 pores per inch and a density ranging from 2 to 15 percent claim 1 , relative to a density of a parent material from which the structured material is manufactured.4. A solid oxide cell comprising components disposed in a sandwich configuration in the following order:(i) an oxygen electrode,(ii) a solid oxide electrolyte,(iii) a fuel electrode,(iv) a fuel manifold,(v) an insulator; and(vi) a reformer-heater comprising at least one layer of mesh having a reforming catalyst supported thereon; the at least one layer of mesh ...

Подробнее
16-01-2020 дата публикации

FUEL CELL STACK GROUNDING THROUGH AN IMPEDANCE CREATING ELEMENT

Номер: US20200020964A1
Принадлежит:

A fuel cell system includes a plurality of fuel cell segments, each segment having a plurality of fuel cells. The segments include a positive terminal having a positive voltage with respect to ground and a negative terminal. The fuel cell system also includes at least one component electrically connecting the negative terminal to ground, the at least one component configured to decrease a surge current through the segments. 1. A fuel cell system , comprising: a positive terminal having a positive voltage with respect to ground;', 'a negative terminal; and, 'a plurality of fuel cell segments, each segment having a plurality of fuel cells and each segment comprisesat least one component electrically connecting the negative terminal to ground, the at least one component configured to decrease a surge current through the segments.2. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in operation claim 1 , a potential of the negative terminal is substantially 0 V with respect to ground.3. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein the surge current corresponds to a voltage across the at least one component of greater than 300 V.4. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one component comprises a fuse.5. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one component comprises a circuit breaker.6. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one component comprises a positive temperature coefficient thermistor or at least one resistor.7. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein each negative terminal is electrically connected by a negative line to a first end of the at least one component and a second end of the at least one component is electrically connected to ground.8. The fuel cell system of claim 7 , wherein claim 7 , in operation claim 7 , the surge current passes between the first and second ends of the at least one component.9. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein decreasing the surge current prevents overheating of at least ...

Подробнее
16-01-2020 дата публикации

Cell stack device

Номер: US20200020969A1
Принадлежит: NGK Insulators Ltd

A cell stack device includes a manifold, a fuel cell, and an oxygen-containing-gas ejection portion. The manifold includes a fuel gas supply chamber and a fuel gas collection chamber. The fuel cell extends upward from the manifold. The oxygen-containing-gas ejection portion is disposed upward of the center of the fuel cell. The oxygen-containing-gas ejection portion ejects oxygen-containing gas toward the fuel cell. A support substrate of the fuel cell includes a first gas channel and a second gas channel. The first gas channel is connected to a fuel gas supply chamber, and the second gas channel is connected to the fuel gas collection chamber. The first gas channel and the second gas channel are connected to each other in an upper end portion of the fuel cell.

Подробнее