Настройки

Укажите год
-

Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

Подробнее
-

Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

Подробнее

Форма поиска

Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
Ведите корректный номера.
Ведите корректный номера.
Ведите корректный номера.
Ведите корректный номера.
Укажите год
Укажите год

Применить Всего найдено 33480. Отображено 100.
19-01-2012 дата публикации

Fuel cell system

Номер: US20120015272A1
Принадлежит: Toyota Motor Corp

A fuel cell system suppresses the deterioration of an electrolyte membrane of a fuel cell. The fuel cell system comprises: a temperature rise speed calculation unit for calculating a target temperature rise speed of the fuel cell using a temperature of the fuel cell and a water content of the fuel cell; and a drive control unit for controlling a drive of the cooling water pump using the temperature rise speed of the fuel cell and the target temperature rise speed calculated by the temperature rise speed calculation unit. The drive control unit controls the drive of the cooling water pump such that a circulation amount of the cooling water is decreased when the temperature rise speed of the fuel cell is below the target temperature rise speed and controls the drive of the cooling water pump such that the circulation amount of the cooling water is increased when the temperature rise speed of the fuel cell is equal to or greater than the target temperature rise speed.

Подробнее
26-01-2012 дата публикации

Fuel cell assembly and fuel cell device

Номер: US20120021327A1
Принадлежит: TOTO LTD

The fuel cell assembly of the present invention comprises a first fuel cell, a second fuel cell disposed adjacent to the first fuel cell, and a current collector for electrically connecting the first fuel cell and the second fuel cell. The first fuel cell and the second fuel cell are respectively furnished with an electrical generating portion for generating electricity, each of the electrical generation portion having a first electrode through the interior of which a first gas flows, a second electrode of a polarity different from the first electrode, on the exterior of which a second gas flows, and an electrolyte disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The current collector distributes and sources the current generated in the first fuel cell generating portion from two different locations on the first electrode on the first fuel cell to the second electrode of the second fuel cell.

Подробнее
16-02-2012 дата публикации

Fuel Container For Fuel Cell, Fuel Cell Using The Same, And Operation Method Of Fuel Cell

Номер: US20120040257A1
Принадлежит: NEC Corp

An object of the present invention is to downsize a fuel cell, and to stably supply fuel to a fuel electrode. According to the present invention, the above described object is attained by providing a vaporized fuel container 1518 communicated with a liquid fuel container 1517 via a gas liquid separating film 1519 in the fuel cell 1516 , in which a liquid fuel 124 supplied to a fuel electrode 102 is stored.

Подробнее
12-04-2012 дата публикации

Compact fuel cell

Номер: US20120088175A1
Автор: Jean Oriol

A fuel cell including a stack of electrochemical cells, a pair of end plates located at each end of the stack of cells, and a cooling system for cooling the cells. The cooling system includes a coolant fluid circulating in closed loop through the stack and in the end plates, such that the coolant fluid exchanges heat with the end plates.

Подробнее
19-04-2012 дата публикации

Hybrid fuel cell

Номер: US20120094196A1
Принадлежит: Honeywell International Inc

A power generator includes a chemical hydride multilayer fuel cell stack. A flow path extends through the fuel cell stack to provide oxygen containing air to the fuel cell stack and to cool the fuel cell stack. A hydrogen generator is coupled to the flow path to receive water vapor from ambient air introduced into the flow path and water vapor generated by the fuel cell stack and to provide hydrogen to the fuel cell stack. A controller separately controls airflow past the fuel cell stack and water vapor provided to the hydrogen generator.

Подробнее
19-04-2012 дата публикации

Fuel cell stack with combined flow patterns in a fuel cell stack or an electrolysis cell stack

Номер: US20120094204A1
Принадлежит: Individual

A cell stack comprising a plurality of fuel cells or electrolysis cells has a combination of flow patterns between anode gas and cathode gas internally in each of the cells and between the cells relative to each other such that cathode and anode gas internally in a cell flows in either co-flow, counter-flow or cross-flow and further that anode and cathode gas flow in one cell has co-flow, counter-flow or cross-flow relative to the anode and cathode gas flow in adjacent cells.

Подробнее
26-04-2012 дата публикации

Fuel cell system and control method therefor

Номер: US20120100449A1
Автор: Sho Usami, Yasushi Araki
Принадлежит: Toyota Motor Corp

A fuel cell system includes: a fuel cell activation portion that starts electricity generation of a fuel cell; a cooling medium passage that is provided with a pump and that is provided for passing a cooling medium through a cell-side passage for the cooling medium; and a pump control portion that stops the pump for a first predetermined period after a start of the electricity generation caused by the fuel cell activation portion at a time when a temperature of the fuel cell is a low temperature lower than or equal to a predetermined value, and that starts operating the pump after the first predetermined period elapses. The pump control portion includes a cooling medium reverse portion that alternately reverses a direction of flow of the cooling medium in the cell-side passage according to elapsed time by controlling operation of the pump after the first predetermined period elapses.

Подробнее
26-04-2012 дата публикации

Heating device for end plate of fuel cell stack

Номер: US20120100450A1
Автор: Sung Ho Lee
Принадлежит: Hyundai Motor Co

The present invention provides a heating device for an end plate of a fuel cell stack, which can prevent a decrease in temperature of unit cells around the ends of the fuel cell stack by providing a structure for circulating high temperature coolant discharged from the fuel cell stack in the end plate. Non-uniform temperature distribution in the fuel cell stack can thereby be prevented. In particular, a heating device for an end plate of a fuel cell stack is provided wherein high temperature coolant flowing from the upstream of a coolant outlet manifold to the downstream is allowed to circulate through the inside of the end plate and to be discharged to the outside such that the thermal energy of the coolant is supplied to the end plate and, at the same time, transferred to unit cells adjacent to the end plate.

Подробнее
17-05-2012 дата публикации

Induction heating device for fuel cell system

Номер: US20120118878A1
Принадлежит: Hyundai Motor Co

The present invention provides an induction heating device for a fuel cell system, which can rapidly heat coolant during cold start-up, control the power consumption depending on the voltage of a fuel cell stack, and ensure the insulation resistance by separating a heating unit, which is in contact with the coolant, from the outside. That is, the present invention provides an induction heating device for a fuel cell system, in which an insulating housing is provided in a coolant circulation line, a heater for heating coolant is provided in the housing, and a high frequency controller for controlling the power consumption of the heater is provided at the outside of the housing such that the coolant can be rapidly heated during cold start-up, precisely control the power consumption depending of the voltage of a fuel cell stack, and improve the insulation performance by separating the heater as a heating unit, which is in contact with the coolant, and the high frequency controller and a coil as a power unit with respect to the insulating housing.

Подробнее
17-05-2012 дата публикации

Phosphoric acid fuel cell with integrated absorption cycle refrigeration system

Номер: US20120122002A1
Принадлежит: UTC Power Corp

A phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC) system includes a cell stack assembly having an anode, a cathode and a coolant portion. At least one heat exchanger is fluidly interconnected with at least one of the anode, the cathode and the coolant portion and provides a fluid path for receiving a fluid from the anode, the cathode and/or the coolant portion. An absorption cycle refrigerant system includes an absorber having a solution of refrigerant and absorbent, and an absorbent loop and a refrigerant loop communicating with the absorber and respectively carrying absorbent and refrigerant. The at least one heat exchanger is arranged in the absorbent loop and is configured to transfer heat from the fuel cell system to the absorption chiller.

Подробнее
17-05-2012 дата публикации

Purging device and method for improving cold-startability of fuel cell

Номер: US20120123620A1
Принадлежит: Hyundai Motor Co

The present invention provides a purging device and method for improving cold start performance of a fuel cell by direct heating, in which a gas mixture of hydrogen and air is supplied to a cathode of a fuel cell stack after shutdown of a fuel cell system to generate heat by a reaction of hydrogen and air, and the generated heat is used to increase the temperature of the fuel cell stack and, at the same time, remove water from the fuel cell stack.

Подробнее
24-05-2012 дата публикации

Flow arrangement for fuel cell stacks

Номер: US20120129063A1
Принадлежит: WÄRTSILÄ FINLAND OY

A method of operating a fuel cell apparatus that comprises at least first and second groups of fuel cell stacks includes heating cathode gas supplied from a cathode gas inlet to cathode parts of the first group of fuel cell stacks by passing the cathode gas in heat exchange relationship with cathode exhaust gas being removed from at least one group of fuel cell stacks, and supplying cathode gas to the cathode parts of the second group of fuel cell stacks from a location upstream of a location at which the cathode gas being supplied to the cathode parts of the first group of fuel cell stacks is heated.

Подробнее
28-06-2012 дата публикации

Fuel cell system and method of operating fuel cell system

Номер: US20120164546A1
Принадлежит: Panasonic Corp

A fuel cell system ( 100 ) includes: a hydrogen generator ( 2 ) including a reformer ( 3 ); a combustor ( 5 ) configured to supply heat to the reformer ( 3 ); a fuel cell ( 1 ); a first channel ( 10 ); a second channel ( 8 ); a third channel ( 16 ) through which an oxidation gas flows, the oxidation gas being supplied to the first channel ( 10 ) extending between a branch portion ( 10 a ) and the fuel cell ( 1 ); a first on-off valve ( 7 a ) provided on the first channel ( 10 ) located downstream of a meeting portion ( 10 c ); a second on-off valve ( 6 ) provided on the second channel ( 8 ); an oxidation gas supply unit ( 15 ) provided on the third channel ( 16 ); and a controller ( 200 ) configured such that when the first on-off valve ( 7 a ) is closed and the second on-off valve ( 6 ) is opened, and a hydrogen-containing gas is discharged from the hydrogen generator ( 2 ) at the time of start-up, the controller ( 200 ) activates the oxidation gas supply unit ( 15 ) to supply the oxidation gas through the third channel ( 16 ) to the first channel ( 10 ) located downstream of the branch portion ( 10 c ).

Подробнее
28-06-2012 дата публикации

Method and apparatus for operating a fuel cell in combination with an absorption chiller

Номер: US20120164548A1

A standard phosphoric acid fuel cell power plant has its heat exchanger removed such that a higher temperature coolant flow can be directed from the system to the generator of an absorption chiller to obtain improved efficiency in the chiller. In one embodiment, the higher temperature coolant may flow directly from the fuel cell stack to the generator and after passing therethrough, it is routed back to the high temperature coolant loop. In another embodiment, the higher temperature coolant is made to transfer some of its heat to a lower temperature coolant and the lower temperature coolant is than made to flow directly to the generator and back to the lower temperature coolant loop. In the first embodiment, either a double effect absorption chiller or a single effect absorption chiller is used, while in the second embodiment a single effect absorption chiller is used.

Подробнее
12-07-2012 дата публикации

Hot zone igniter

Номер: US20120175405A1
Принадлежит: Delphi Technologies Inc

A method is provided for brazing a metal leadframe clip to an electrical resistance heating tip for an electrical resistance igniter, wherein the electrical resistance heating tip includes silicon carbide. The method includes forming a layer of SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 on a surface of the electrical resistance heating tip; applying a braze alloy paste between the layer of SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 and the metal leadframe clip; and heating the braze alloy, the metal leadframe clip and the electrical resistance heating tip to fuse the braze alloy.

Подробнее
26-07-2012 дата публикации

High-temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cell system (ht-pefc) and a method for operating the same

Номер: US20120189937A1
Принадлежит: FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JUELICH GMBH

A high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell stack has at least two high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (HT-PEFC), which comprise at least one means for determining the CO 2 concentration of the cathode waste gas. A method for checking this fuel cell stack is thus possible, wherein at least the CO 2 concentration of the cathode waste gas is determined. Optionally, the CO 2 concentration of the oxidizing agent that is supplied can also be determined. The CO 2 concentration is advantageously conducted in the region of individual cells or cell sections. This can be done, for example, by way of a displaceable lance in the cathode waste gas channel or a plurality of outlets (valves) in the cathode waste gas channel. If a threshold value defining the normal state of functional individual cells is exceeded, appropriate measures can be initiated, such as switching off the entire stack and optionally replacing cells or cell blocks. For more precise information, according to the invention the CO 2 concentration of the cathode waste gas is determined not only overall, but also at the outlets of individual cells or cell sections within the manifold.

Подробнее
16-08-2012 дата публикации

Fuel cell system

Номер: US20120208098A1
Принадлежит: Aisin Seiki Co Ltd, Osaka Gas Co Ltd

A fuel cell system includes a source gas passage including a first desulfurizer that has a desulfurization performance relative to a source gas having a relatively higher dew point, and a second desulfurizer that has the desulfurization performance relative to a source gas having a relatively lower dew point and the source gas having the relatively higher dew point. The desulfurization performance of the second desulfurizer relative to the source gas having the relatively higher dew point is lower than the desulfurization performance of the second desulfurizer relative to the source gas having the relatively lower dew point. The first desulfurizer, the second desulfurizer, and a flowmeter are arranged at the source gas passage in the aforementioned order from an upstream side to a downstream side of the source gas passage in a flow direction of the source gas.

Подробнее
23-08-2012 дата публикации

Method and arrangement for controlling anode recirculation

Номер: US20120214076A1
Автор: Tuomas Hakala
Принадлежит: WÄRTSILÄ FINLAND OY

A fuel cell system arrangement is disclosed for controlling an Oxygen-to-Carbon (O/C) relationship by providing water to an anode side fuel recirculation, pumping the provided water to facilitate a water flow, and evaporating water from the facilitated water flow for generating pressurized steam having at least the motive pressure for a steam jet-ejector. The at least one steam jet-ejector can inject at least part of the steam to the fuel cell system, and entrain part of an essentially low pressure anode exhaust gas stream in the anode side gas recirculation and compress the gas mixture to an intermediate pressure of the fuel feed-in stream for controlling the Oxygen-to-Carbon (O/C) relationship in the fuel side of the fuel cell system.

Подробнее
20-09-2012 дата публикации

Pressure regulating valve, fuel cell system using same, and hydrogen generating facility

Номер: US20120237845A1
Принадлежит: Individual

A pressure regulating valve has a first pressure deformation portion which receives a pressure on a fuel demand side, a second pressure deformation portion opposed to the first pressure deformation portion and which receives a predetermined pressure, first and second flow passages, and a communication passage communicating the first and second flow passages with each other. A valve member connects the first and second pressure deformation portions together and has a valve element that closes the communication passage when moved toward the second pressure deformation portion. When the pressure on the fuel demand side is lower than a predetermined value, the valve element does not close the communication passage, but when the pressure on the fuel demand side is equal to or higher than the predetermined value, the valve element closes the communication passage.

Подробнее
25-10-2012 дата публикации

Fuel cell system and operating method for fuel cell system

Номер: US20120270124A1
Принадлежит: Kyocera Corp, Toyota Motor Corp

A fuel cell system includes: a fuel cell that generates power using an oxidant gas and a fuel gas; estimating means for estimating an electric resistance of the fuel cell in accordance with a voltage and a current of the fuel cell; and temperature controlling means for performing control to raise a temperature of the fuel cell when the electric resistance estimated by the estimating means exceeds a target electric resistance range and reduce the temperature of the fuel cell when the estimated electric resistance falls below the target electric resistance range.

Подробнее
25-10-2012 дата публикации

Method for Detecting the Permeability State of the Ion Exchanger Polymer Membrane of a Fuel Cell

Номер: US20120270127A1
Автор: Gino Paganelli
Принадлежит: Individual

Procedure for detecting the permeability state of the polymeric ion-exchange membrane of a fuel cell stack, in which, as soon as the pressure difference in the anode and cathode circuits drops to a value below a threshold value P S , the pressure variation in said circuits for a predetermined time period t C is measured and the pressure difference in these circuits at the end of a predetermined time period, called the control pressure P C , is calculated and a warning is given when the control pressure P C is below a warning threshold P A .

Подробнее
15-11-2012 дата публикации

Acoustic speed of sound measurement using bandpass filtering of automotive pressure sensors

Номер: US20120288780A1
Принадлежит: GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS LLC

A fuel cell system that determines the concentration of hydrogen gas in an anode loop. The fuel cell system includes at least one fuel cell, an anode inlet, an anode outlet, an anode loop, a source of hydrogen gas and an injector for injecting the hydrogen gas. First and second pressure sensors are provided in the anode loop and are spaced a known distance from each other. A controller responsive to the output signals from the first and second pressure sensors filters the sensor signals from the first and second pressure sensors and determines the concentration of hydrogen gas in the anode loop based on the time difference between the filtered sensor signal from the first pressure sensor and the filtered sensor signal from the second pressure sensor.

Подробнее
13-12-2012 дата публикации

Hydrogen passivation shut down system for a fuel cell power plant

Номер: US20120315558A1
Принадлежит: UTC Power Corp

The invention is a hydrogen passivation shut down system for a fuel cell power plant ( 10, 200 ). During shut down of the plant ( 10, 200 ), hydrogen fuel is permitted to transfer between an anode flow path ( 24, 24′ ) and a cathode flow path ( 38, 38′ ) while a low-pressure hydrogen generator ( 202 ) selectively generates an adequate amount of hydrogen and directs flow of the low-pressure hydrogen into the fuel cell ( 12′ ) downstream from a hydrogen inlet valve ( 52′ ) to maintain the fuel cell ( 12′ ) in a passive state.

Подробнее
20-12-2012 дата публикации

System and method for operating a flow battery system at an elevated temperature

Номер: US20120321920A1
Принадлежит: Pratt and Whitney Rocketdyne Inc

A flow battery system includes a flow battery stack, a sensor and a coolant loop. The flow battery stack has an electrolyte solution flowing therethrough, and the sensor is in communication with the electrolyte solution. The coolant loop is in heat exchange communication with the electrolyte solution, wherein the heat exchange communication is selective based on an output from the sensor.

Подробнее
27-12-2012 дата публикации

System and method for optimizing efficiency and power output from a vanadium redox battery energy storage system

Номер: US20120328911A1
Принадлежит: JD HOLDING INC

An energy storage system includes a vanadium redox battery that interfaces with a control system to optimize performance and efficiency. The control system calculates optimal pump speeds, electrolyte temperature ranges, and charge and discharge rates. The control system instructs the vanadium redox battery to operate in accordance with the prescribed parameters. The control system further calculates optimal temperature ranges and charge and discharge rates for the vanadium redox battery.

Подробнее
10-01-2013 дата публикации

Ice breaking anode valve

Номер: US20130009082A1
Принадлежит: GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS LLC

A valve for a fuel cell system includes a valve housing having a valve seat formed therein. The valve seat includes an orifice formed therein to permit a fluid to flow through the valve housing. A movable member is disposed in the valve housing and is movable between an open position and a closed position. The movable member includes a first end having an elongate portion and a generally conical shaped base. At least a portion of the base is disposed in the orifice of the valve seat when the movable member is in the closed position to militate against a formation of ice across the orifice of the valve seat.

Подробнее
17-01-2013 дата публикации

Gas Generator with Combined Gas Flow Valve and Pressure Relief Vent

Номер: US20130017459A1
Автор: Russell H. Barton
Принадлежит: Eveready Battery Co Inc

A gas generator includes a reactant capable of producing a gas and a gas outlet valve that can function as both a gas flow valve and a pressure relief vent, using the same gas flow path through the valve. When the valve is closed and the pressure within the gas generator is below a threshold pressure, a moveable valve member is biased against a valve seat to block the outlet port. When gas generator is coupled to the apparatus, an actuator is inserted into the valve, displacing the moveable valve member and separating it from the valve seat to open the valve. When the gas generator is uncoupled, pressure at or above a threshold displaces the moveable member, separating it from the valve seat to open the outlet port so pressure can be released to the external environment.

Подробнее
17-01-2013 дата публикации

Fuel cell system

Номер: US20130017470A1
Принадлежит: Toyota Motor Corp

A fuel cell system to be mounted on an electric vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle. Cooling water is supplied from a cooling water inlet of a stack manifold, flows through a fuel cell stack, and returns to the stack manifold. A groove is formed on the rear surface side of the stack manifold, constituting, together with a terminal, a cooling water channel. The cooling water flows through the cooling water channel, and is discharged to the outside from a cooling water outlet. The cooling water channel is formed extending from the rear side to the front side of the vehicle, and warms an end plate. A pipe length of the cooling water channel to a radiator mounted in a front part of the vehicle is reduced.

Подробнее
07-02-2013 дата публикации

Injector opening delay diagnostic strategy

Номер: US20130034788A1
Принадлежит: GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS LLC

A system and method for detecting an intermittent failure of an injector that injects hydrogen gas fuel into the anode side of a fuel cell stack in a fuel cell system. The method includes operating the injector at a fixed injector pulse width and frequency, which causes the stack to generate a constant current, and therefore, a constant fuel consumption rate. While at a constant current, the injector is commanded to a constant duty cycle and frequency that matches the rate of fuel consumption in the fuel cell system. The resulting fuel pressure feedback is then monitored, and if it diverges from a defined nominal value, either in a constant or oscillatory manner, it can be determined that the injector has an intermittent opening failure. In one embodiment, the determination of the injector failure is performed during a shut-down sequence of the fuel cell system.

Подробнее
28-02-2013 дата публикации

High pressure gas supply system and fuel cell system

Номер: US20130052553A1
Автор: Shusuke Inagi
Принадлежит: Toyota Motor Corp

A fuel cell system ( 10 ) includes a pressure decrease valve ( 121 ) and a flow control valve ( 122 ) provided in a hydrogen supply line ( 120 P) that extends from a high pressure gas tank ( 110 ) to a fuel cell ( 100 ). A low temperature environment may cause the function of these devices to decrease. Therefore, if the gas temperature inside the high pressure gas tank ( 110 ) is higher than the temperature of this low temperature environment and is a temperature at which the decreased function can be recovered, high pressure gas inside the tank is made to flow through the hydrogen supply line ( 120 P) to expose the pressure decrease valve ( 121 ) and the like to the relatively high temperature gas before a start signal that starts the system is received.

Подробнее
14-03-2013 дата публикации

Channel plate assembly of stack for fuel cell and method of manufacturing channel plate assembly

Номер: US20130065152A1
Принадлежит: SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO LTD

A channel plate assembly of a stack for a fuel cell and a method of manufacturing the channel plate assembly. The channel plate assembly of a stack for a fuel cell includes a bridge piece disposed on a channel plate to entirely surround a manifold, and a gasket disposed on the channel plate to cover the bridge piece, wherein the channel plate assembly is manufactured in an integrated fashion.

Подробнее
21-03-2013 дата публикации

PROTON-CONDUCTING STRUCTURE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME

Номер: US20130071766A1
Принадлежит:

A proton-conducting structure that exhibits favorable proton conductivity in the temperature range of not lower than 100° C., and a method for manufacturing the same are provided. After a pyrophosphate salt containing Sn, Zr, Ti or Si is mixed with phosphoric acid, the mixture is maintained at a temperature of not less than 80° C. and not more than 150° C., and thereafter maintained at a temperature of not less than 200° C. and not more than 400° C. to manufacture a proton-conducting structure. The proton-conducting structure of the present invention has a core made of tin pyrophosphate, and a coating layer formed on the surface of the core, the coating layer containing Sn and O, and having a coordination number of O with respect to Sn of grater than 6. 111-. (canceled)12. A method for generating an electric power , the method comprising steps of: a cathode;', 'an anode; and', 'a solid electrolyte membrane; wherein, '(a) preparing a fuel cell comprisingat least one electrode selected from the cathode and the anode comprises a plurality of catalyst-holding particles coated with an electrolyte;the electrolyte comprises a core and a coating layer;the core is made of tin pyrophosphate;the coating layer is formed on at least a part of the surface of the core;the coating layer contains Sn and O; andthe coordination number of O with respect to Sn is greater than 6 and less than 12; and(b) supplying oxygen and hydrogen to the cathode and the anode, respectively, to generate the electric power.13. The method according to claim 12 , whereinthe step (b) is conducted at a temperature of not less than 100 Celsius degrees and not more than 200 Celsius degrees.14. The method according to claim 12 , whereinthe cathode comprises the plurality of catalyst-holding particles coated with the electrolyte.15. The method according to claim 12 , whereinthe anode comprises the plurality of catalyst-holding particles coated with the electrolyte. This is a continuation-in-part application ...

Подробнее
21-03-2013 дата публикации

Fuel cell system

Номер: US20130071767A1
Автор: Koji Katano
Принадлежит: Toyota Motor Corp

A fuel cell system equipped with a fuel cell, a pressure control unit, and an exhaust. The pressure control unit is provided on the fuel gas flow path in which the fuel gas to be supplied to the fuel cell flows, and it is able to control the pressure of the fuel gas to be supplied to the fuel cell. The exhaust valve is provided on the fuel exhaust gas flow path in which the fuel exhaust gas exhausted from the fuel cell flows, and when the valve is opened, at least a portion of the fuel exhaust gas can be exhausted to outside the fuel exhaust gas flow path. The pressure control unit is controlled, so that before opening the exhaust valve, the pressure of the fuel gas to be supplied to the fuel cell is decreased beyond what it was up to that point. Then, when the pressure of the fuel gas to be supplied to the fuel cell is the decreased first pressure, the exhaust valve is opened.

Подробнее
11-04-2013 дата публикации

Heating apparatus of fuel cell vehicle

Номер: US20130087305A1
Автор: Kengo Ikeya
Принадлежит: Suzuki Motor Corp

A heating apparatus for a fuel cell vehicle is provided. The apparatus includes a fuel cell for generating electricity by a chemical reaction of oxygen and hydrogen, a cathode exhaust passage through which outside air introduced and supplied to the cathode electrode of the fuel cell so as to be used for the power generation reaction is discharged from the fuel cell, and an anode exhaust passage through which the hydrogen is discharged from the fuel cell. The heating apparatus further includes a branch passage which is branched from a branch point of the cathode exhaust passage and supplies the air discharged from the fuel cell to the vehicle compartment, and the anode exhaust passage is joined to the cathode exhaust passage on the downstream side of the branch point.

Подробнее
11-04-2013 дата публикации

Anode purge and drain valve strategy for fuel cell system

Номер: US20130089797A1
Принадлежит: GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS LLC

A combined water drain and diluent gas purge valve routes fluid from the anode side of a fuel cell to the cathode inlet. When a purge of diluent gas is requested, the valve opens, draining any liquid present in the sump of a water separation device, for example. After the liquid has drained, the diluent gas is purged. An anode bleed model using fuel injector feedback can determine the amount of gas exiting the valve, and can request the valve to close once the required amount of diluent is purged. During operation, an amount of hydrogen may exit the valve. Hydrogen passing through the valve can be catalytically consumed once it reaches the cathode electrode, causing the cathode exhaust, and the fuel cell exhaust to have a reduced hydrogen content.

Подробнее
18-04-2013 дата публикации

Ejector

Номер: US20130095397A1
Принадлежит: Honda Motor Co Ltd

A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell and an ejector. The ejector includes a nozzle portion having openings provided at its distal and proximal ends for injecting drive-stream gas; a diffuser portion provided on a distal end side of the nozzle portion for drawing in auxiliary gas by negative pressure which is generated in the drive-stream gas by injection from the nozzle portion so as to join the auxiliary-stream gas together with the drive-stream and discharge the drive-stream gas and the auxiliary gas; a needle slidably inserted into an interior of the nozzle portion in an axial direction of the nozzle portion for adjusting an opening area of the nozzle portion in accordance with an inserted position thereof; a drive unit for moving the needle axially; and an auxiliary stream gas introducing portion including at least two openings for introducing the auxiliary-stream gas into the diffuser portion therefrom.

Подробнее
18-04-2013 дата публикации

METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT TO CONTROL THE HEAT BALANCE OF FUEL CELL STACKS IN A FUEL CELL SYSTEM

Номер: US20130095407A1
Принадлежит: WÄRTSILÄ FINLAND OY

A method to control the heat balance of fuel cell stacks in a fuel cell system, the fuel cell system including at least one fuel cell unit including fuel cell stacks, whose fuel cells include an anode side and a cathode side, as well as an electrolyte interposed therebetween, and a recuperator unit for heat exchange for preheating a supply flow of the cathode side. In the method, a desired portion is separated from the fuel exhaust flow coming from the anode side and adapted to be mixed with the cathode side exit flow before said recuperator unit. Also provided is a fuel cell system implementing the method. 1. A method to control a heat balance of fuel cell stacks in a fuel cell system , said fuel cell system including at least one fuel cell unit comprising fuel cell stacks , whose fuel cells include an anode side and a cathode side , as well as an electrolyte interposed therebetween , the method comprising separating a desired portion from a fuel exhaust flow of the anode side , and supplying the desired portion into a fuel stack compartment surrounding the fuel cell units.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the portion separated from the fuel exhaust flow of the anode side is adapted to be mixed with the cathode side exit flow before a recuperator unit arranged for preheating a supply flow of the cathode side.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said portion lies between 0-50% claim 1 , based on the fuel exhaust flow of the anode side.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the separation of the portion from of the fuel exhaust flow is accomplished after heat exchange arranged between said exhaust flow and a fuel supply flow entering the anode side of the fuel cells.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein at least a part of the portion is bled from the stack fuel outlet flow already within the stack compartment that surrounds the fuel cells.6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the bleeding is accomplished in the stack compartment ...

Подробнее
02-05-2013 дата публикации

METHOD TO CONTROL CURRENT IN A FUEL CELL SYSTEM

Номер: US20130108895A1
Автор: VanWERKHOVEN Steven
Принадлежит: PLUG POWER INC.

A method for operating a fuel cell system includes electrically coupling the fuel cell stack to an energy storage device and an electrical demand by a load device at a substantially constant voltage. A controller controls an amount of an oxidant supply to the fuel cell stack based on the demand by the load device. 1. A method for operating a fuel cell system comprising:electrically coupling a fuel cell stack to an energy storage device and an electrical demand by a load device at a substantially constant voltage; anda controller controlling an amount of an oxidant supplied to the fuel cell stack based on the demand by the load device.2. The method of further comprising increasing the amount of the oxidant r in response to an increase in an amount of the demand.3. The method of wherein the fuel cell stack and the energy storage device are connected in parallel to the demand.4. The method of further comprising power flowing from the stack and the energy storage device to the load device in response to an increase in an amount of the demand.5. The method of further comprising power flowing from the stack to the energy storage device in response to a decrease in an amount of the demand.6. The method of further comprising power flowing from the stack to the energy storage device and the load in response to a decrease in an amount of the demand.7. The method of further comprising a sensor determining a flow rate of the oxidant from a supply of the oxidant toward the fuel cell stack claim 1 , the sensor coupled to the controller and supplying an indication of the flow rate to the controller.8. The method of wherein the controller controls a compressor to supply the amount of the oxidant to the fuel cell stack based on the flow rate.9. The method of further comprising the controller controlling a compressor to supply the amount of the oxidant to the fuel cell stack based on the demand.10. The method of further comprising a current sensor determining an output of current by ...

Подробнее
02-05-2013 дата публикации

POWER CONVERTER AND FUEL CELL SYSTEM INCLUDING THE SAME

Номер: US20130108938A1
Принадлежит: Panasonic Corporation

A power converter of the present invention is configured to convert DC power generated by a power generator () into AC power. The power converter includes: a boost converter circuit () configured to boost an output voltage of the power generator (); an inverter circuit () configured to convert an output voltage of the boost converter circuit () into AC power and to interconnect the AC power with a power system (); a buck converter circuit () configured to perform power conversion of output power of the boost converter circuit () and to supply resultant power to an internal load (); and a controller (). The controller () is configured to control the output voltage of the boost converter circuit () to be lower than or equal to a second voltage value which is less than the maximum value of AC voltage of the power system (), in a case of supplying output power of the power generator () to the internal load () via the boost converter circuit () and the buck converter circuit (). 1. A power converter configured to convert DC power generated by a power generator into AC power , the power converter comprising:a boost converter circuit configured to boost an output voltage of the power generator;an inverter circuit configured to convert an output voltage of the boost converter circuit into AC power and to interconnect the AC power with a power system;a buck converter circuit configured to perform power conversion of output power of the boost converter circuit and to supply resultant power to an internal load; anda controller, wherein control the output voltage of the boost converter circuit to be higher than or equal to a first voltage value which is greater than the maximum value of AC voltage of the power system, in a case of interconnecting output power of the power generator with the power system via the boost converter circuit and the inverter circuit; and', 'control the output voltage of the boost converter circuit to be lower than or equal to a second voltage value ...

Подробнее
09-05-2013 дата публикации

POWER GENERATION SYSTEM AND METHOD OF OPERATING THE SAME

Номер: US20130115538A1
Принадлежит: Panasonic Corporation

A power generation system according to the present invention includes: a fuel cell system () including a fuel cell () and a case (); a ventilation fan (); a controller (); a combustion device (); and a discharge passage () formed to cause the case () and an exhaust port (A) of the combustion device () to communicate with each other and configured to discharge an exhaust gas from the fuel cell system () and the combustion device () to an atmosphere from an opening of the discharge passage (), the opening being open to the atmosphere. The ventilation fan () is configured to ventilate an inside of the case (). In a case where the controller () determines that the combustion device () has operated when the ventilation fan () is operating, the controller () increases the operation amount of the ventilation fan (). 1. A power generation system comprising:a fuel cell system including a fuel cell configured to generate electric power using a fuel gas and an oxidizing gas, a case configured to house the fuel cell, and a ventilator;a controller;a combustion device including a combustion air supply unit configured to supply combustion air;an air intake passage configured to supply air to the case; anda discharge passage formed to connect the case and an exhaust port of the combustion device and configured to discharge an exhaust gas from the fuel cell system and an exhaust gas from the combustion device to an atmosphere through an opening of the discharge passage, the opening being open to the atmosphere, wherein:the ventilator is configured to discharge a gas in the case to the discharge passage to ventilate an inside of the case; andin a case where the controller determines that the combustion device has operated when the ventilator is operating, the controller increases an operation amount of the ventilator.2. The power generation system according to claim 1 , wherein in a case where an activation command of the combustion device is input claim 1 , the controller increases ...

Подробнее
09-05-2013 дата публикации

FLUID FLOW ASSEMBLIES FOR, AND IN, FUEL CELL STACKS

Номер: US20130115539A1
Автор: OBrien Eric J.
Принадлежит:

Fuel cells and related assemblies involving directionally independent channels are provided. In this regard, a representative fuel cell stack () includes: a first fuel cell () having channels () associated with an anode; and a second fuel cell (), located adjacent the first fuel cell, having channels () associated with a cathode, the channels associated with the cathode exhibiting directional independence () with respect to the channels associated with the anode. A ribbed, three plate (), assembly () may provide fuel reactant and anode coolant flow channels having a first parallel orientation () and oxidant reactant and cathode coolant flow channels having a second parallel orientation independent of and different () than the first orientation. 1100. A fuel cell stack () comprising:{'b': 102', '116', '216', '316', '156', '256', '356, 'a first fuel cell () having channels (, , ; , , ) associated with an anode; and'}{'b': 101', '128', '228', '328', '158', '258', '358', '344, 'a second fuel cell (), located adjacent the first fuel cell, having channels (, , ; , , ) associated with a cathode, the channels associated with the cathode exhibiting () directional independence with respect to the channels associated with the anode.'}2100. The fuel cell stack () of claim 1 , wherein:{'b': 116', '216', '316, 'at least some the channels (, , ) associated with the anode are fuel channels operative to route fuel;'}{'b': 128', '228', '328, 'at least some of the channels (, , ) associated with the cathode are oxidant channels operative to route oxidant; and'}{'b': '344', 'at least some of the oxidant channels exhibit directional independence () with respect to the fuel channels.'}3100. The fuel cell stack () of claim 1 , wherein:{'b': 156', '256', '356', '158', '258', '358, 'at least some of the channels associated with both the anode and the cathode are coolant channels (, , ; , , ) operative to route coolant; and'}{'b': 158', '258', '358', '156', '256', '356, 'at least some of the ...

Подробнее
16-05-2013 дата публикации

FUEL CELL BIPOLAR PLATE EXIT FOR IMPROVED FLOW DISTRIBUTION AND FREEZE COMPATIBILITY

Номер: US20130122389A1
Принадлежит: GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS LLC

A fuel cell assembly is disclosed that utilizes a water transport structure extending from fuel cell plates of the assembly into fuel cell assembly manifolds, wherein the water transport structure facilitates the transport of liquid water from the fuel cell plates thereby minimizing the accumulation of liquid water and ice in the fuel cell stack. 1. A fuel cell plate comprising:a bipolar plate having a first aperture and a second aperture formed therein;a plurality of flow channels formed on each face of the bipolar plate; anda water transport structure disposed on the bipolar plate and in fluid communication with at least one of the flow channels and the first aperture and the second aperture of the bipolar plate and configured to wick away water from the at least one of the flow channels to the first aperture and the second aperture, wherein the water transport structure includes a first end extending into the second aperture, an intermediate portion disposed between the faces of the bipolar plate, and a second end formed of a porous material and extending into the first aperture.2. The fuel cell plate of claim 1 , wherein the water transport structure is formed from one of a foam claim 1 , cotton claim 1 , wool claim 1 , glass fibers claim 1 , a felt claim 1 , flocked fibers claim 1 , a paper claim 1 , and a paper and polymer fiber composite.3. The fuel cell plate of claim 1 , wherein the water transport structure is a foam having a varying pore sizes.4. The fuel cell plate of claim 1 , wherein the water transport structure includes one of a hydrophilic coating and a hydrophobic coating.5. The fuel cell plate of claim 4 , wherein the hydrophilic coating is a metal oxide.6. The fuel cell plate of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of the water transport structures spaced apart from one another and disposed on the fuel cell plate.7. A fuel cell assembly comprising:a fuel cell stack including a plurality of fuel cell plates, each of the fuel cell plates having ...

Подробнее
23-05-2013 дата публикации

Method and a system for combined hydrogen and electricity production using petroleum fuels

Номер: US20130126038A1
Автор: AQIL Jamal, Thang Pham
Принадлежит: Saudi Arabian Oil Co

A SOFC system for producing a refined carbon dioxide product, electrical power and a compressed hydrogen product is presented. Introducing a hydrocarbon fuel and steam to the SOFC system, operating the SOFC system such that the steam-to-carbon molar ratio in the pre-reformer is in a range of from about 3:1 to about 4:1, the oxygen in the reformer combustion chamber is in excess, greater than 90% of the carbon dioxide produced during the process forms the refined carbon dioxide product are steps in the process. An alternative fueling station having a SOFC system is useful for fueling both electrical and hydrogen alternative fuel vehicles. Introducing steam and a hydrocarbon fuel, operating the alternative fueling station, coupling the alternative fuel vehicle to the alternative fueling station, introducing an amount of alternative fuel and decoupling the alternative fuel vehicle are steps in the method of use.

Подробнее
23-05-2013 дата публикации

Device for Connecting a Line Element to a Component

Номер: US20130130143A1
Принадлежит: DAIMLER AG

A device for connection of a line element to a component is provided. The line element ends in a connection housing or is connected to such a connection housing. A releasable fixing arrangement is configured between the connection housing and the component. A line section extending in the connection housing is heated by an electric heating wire. The heating wire externally surrounds the line section. The heated line section projects in the direction of the component so far over the region for releasable fixing of the connection housing on the component that it ends in the inner space of the component. 111-. (canceled)12. A device for connecting a line element to a component , the device comprising:a connection housing configured to receive an end of the line element ends or configured to be fixedly connected to the line element; anda connection element arranged to releasably fix the connection housing and the component,wherein a line section of the line element extending in the connection housing is externally surrounded by an electrical heating wire configured to heat the line section,wherein the heated line section projects in a direction of the component so far over a region in which the connection element is releasable fixed to the connection housing that the heated line section ends in an inner space of the component.13. The device according to claim 12 , wherein a material of the connection housing surrounds the heated line section and the heating wire over a whole length of the line section.14. The device according to claim 12 , wherein the connection housing is comprised of an electrically non-conductive material.15. The device according to claim 12 , wherein the connection housing is integrally formed with the line element.16. The device according to claim 12 , wherein the connection housing is an injection moulded component that surrounds the end of the line element and the line section on an outer periphery.17. The device according to claim 12 , further ...

Подробнее
23-05-2013 дата публикации

SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL

Номер: US20130130144A1
Принадлежит: NGK SPARK PLUG CO., LTD.

A fuel battery cell includes, between a pair of upper and lower interconnectors, a gas sealing part in an air-electrode side, a separator, a fuel electrode frame, and a gas sealing part in a fuel-electrode side. The gas sealing part includes a first gas flowing path penetrating therethrough in a stacking direction of the fuel battery cell to constitute a part of gas flowing paths, and a second gas flowing path extending along a plane direction of the gas sealing part. In the gas sealing part, the first and second gas flowing paths do not communicate with each other. A third gas flowing path is formed in a member stacked on at least one of both sides of the gas sealing part in a thickness direction of the gas sealing part. Through the third gas flowing path, the first and second gas flowing paths communicate with each other. 117-. (canceled)19. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 18 , wherein the gas sealing part is in contact with the separator.20. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 18 ,wherein the second gas flowing path formed in the gas sealing part is provided to be bilaterally symmetrical with respect to the first gas flowing path when the gas sealing part is viewed from the thickness direction of the gas sealing part.21. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 18 ,wherein an insulating member is disposed at a position which is on at least one of the both sides of the gas sealing part in the thickness direction of the gas sealing part and which at least corresponds to the second gas flowing path.22. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 21 , wherein the insulating member is disposed at the side of the cathode.23. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 21 , wherein the insulating member is composed of mica or vermiculite.24. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 18 , wherein the gas sealing part is composed of mica or vermiculite.25. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 18 , wherein the third gas flowing path ...

Подробнее
23-05-2013 дата публикации

Media Supply Plate For A Fuel Cell Stack

Номер: US20130130145A1
Принадлежит: STAXERA GmbH

The invention relates to a media supply plate () for a fuel cell stack () comprising at least one anode gas terminal () and at least one cathode gas terminal (). According to the invention the media supply plate () further comprises at least one anode waste gas terminal () and at least one cathode waste gas terminal (). The invention further relates to a fuel cell system () using such a media supply plate () as well as a method for producing such a fuel cell system. 120-. (canceled)21. A fuel cell system comprising a media supply plate and a fuel cell stack directly stacked onto the media supply plate , wherein the media supply plate comprises at least one anode gas terminal and at least one cathode gas terminal and having at least one anode waste gas terminal and at least one cathode waste gas terminal.22. The fuel cell system of claim 21 , wherein the fuel cell stack comprises a plurality of identically designed repetitive units.23. The fuel cell system of claim 21 , wherein the fuel cell stack comprises at least two gas passages extending in the stacking direction of the fuel cell stack claim 21 , each of said gas passages being connected to at least one orifice.24. The fuel cell system of claim 21 , wherein the fuel cell stack is stacked onto the media supply plate so that at least two orifices are located adjacent to the fuel cell stack.25. The fuel cell system of claim 24 , wherein the fuel cell stack is disposed under a first cap claim 24 , the two orifices disposed adjacent to the fuel cell stack opening into the space under the first cap.26. The fuel cell system of claim 25 , wherein the space under the first cap is divided into a first space and a second space by the fuel cell stack claim 25 , the one orifice among the orifices located adjacent to the fuel cell stack opening into the first space while the other orifice among the orifices located adjacent to the fuel cell stack opens into the second space.27. The fuel cell system of claim 26 , wherein the ...

Подробнее
30-05-2013 дата публикации

POWER GENERATION SYSTEM AND METHOD OF OPERATING THE SAME

Номер: US20130137006A1
Принадлежит: Panasonic Corporation

A power generation system according to the present invention includes: a fuel cell system () including a fuel cell () and a case (); a ventilation fan (); a controller (); a combustion device (); and a discharge passage () formed to cause the case () and an exhaust port (A) of the combustion device () to communicate with each other and configured to discharge an exhaust gas from the fuel cell system () and an exhaust gas from the combustion device () to the atmosphere through an opening of the discharge passage (), the opening being open to the atmosphere, and the ventilation fan () is configured to discharge a gas in the case () to the discharge passage () to ventilate the inside of the case (), and the controller () causes the ventilation fan () to generate predetermined pressure or higher when the fuel cell system () is in a power generation stop state and the combustion device () is operating. 1. A power generation system comprising:a fuel cell system including a fuel cell configured to generate electric power using a fuel gas and an oxidizing gas and a case configured to house the fuel cell;a ventilator;a controller;a combustion device; anda discharge passage formed to cause the case and an exhaust port of the combustion device to communicate with each other and configured to discharge an exhaust gas from the fuel cell system and an exhaust gas from the combustion device to an atmosphere through an opening of the discharge passage, the opening being open to the atmosphere, wherein:the ventilator is configured to discharge a gas in the case to the discharge passage to ventilate an inside of the case; andthe controller causes the ventilator to operate when the fuel cell system is in a power generation stop state and the combustion device is operating.2. The power generation system according to claim 1 , wherein the controller causes the ventilator to operate in a case where the combustion device is activated when the fuel cell system is in the power generation ...

Подробнее
13-06-2013 дата публикации

Fuel cell system

Номер: US20130149618A1
Принадлежит: Panasonic Corp

A fuel cell system ( 1 A) comprises a casing ( 2 ) having a suction port ( 31 ) through which air is introduced from outside into an internal space thereof; a fuel cell ( 4 ) accommodated within the casing ( 2 ) and configured to generate electric power through an electrochemical reaction between a fuel gas and an oxidizing gas; an air supply unit ( 6 ) of a diaphragm type disposed within the casing ( 2 ) and configured to take in the air introduced through the suction port ( 31 ) and supply the air to the fuel cell ( 4 ); and a heating unit ( 30 ) disposed within the casing ( 2 ) and configured to heat the air in a space from the suction port ( 31 ) to the air supply unit ( 6 ).

Подробнее
13-06-2013 дата публикации

HYDRATING A FUEL CELL

Номер: US20130149619A1
Принадлежит: UTC Power Corporation

An example method of controlling fluid distribution within a fuel cell includes adjusting a flow of a reactant moving within a fuel cell to increase water within a portion of the fuel cell. Another example method of controlling fluid distribution within a fuel cell includes adjusting a flow of fuel entering a fuel cell, a velocity of air entering the fuel cell, or both, so that a first amount of water exiting the fuel cell in a fuel stream is about the same as a second amount of water exiting the fuel cell in an airstream. 1. A method of operating a fuel cell to control fluid distribution within a fuel cell comprising:adjusting an amount of fuel entering a fuel cell, an amount of oxidant entering the fuel cell, or both, so that a first amount of water exiting the fuel cell in a fuel stream is about the same as a second amount of water exiting the fuel cell in an oxidant stream.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fuel/oxidant flow ratio is about 1.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fuel flow contains a portion of recycle fuel from the cell exit.4. The method of claim 1 , including balancing the water exiting the fuel cell assembly in the fuel stream with the water exiting the fuel cell assembly in the air stream to increase the water within the membrane of the fuel cell assembly.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fuel flows through the fuel cell in a first direction and the air flows through the fuel cell in a second direction that is counter to the first direction.6. A fuel cell comprising:an electrode assembly;a first plate adjacent the electrode assembly and configured to communicate a fuel in a first direction from a fuel inlet to a fuel outlet, wherein a first amount of water and at least some of the fuel are exhausted from the fuel cell at the fuel outlet; anda second plate adjacent the electrode assembly on an opposite side of the electrode assembly from the first plate and configured to carry an oxidant in a second direction from a oxidant inlet to ...

Подробнее
13-06-2013 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PURGING A FUEL CELL SYSTEM

Номер: US20130149620A1
Принадлежит: ARDICA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

A method for purging non-fuel gasses from a fuel supply of a fuel cell system, including measuring a first parameter indicative of fuel concentration within the fuel supply, in response to the first parameter measurement satisfying a purge condition, wherein the purge condition is satisfied when the first parameter measurement is indicative of the fuel concentration below a predetermined concentration threshold, opening a purge valve fluidly coupled to the fuel supply and generating a purging pressure within the fuel supply to purge the fuel supply, measuring a second parameter indicative of purge completion, and in response to the second parameter measurement satisfying a purge completion condition, closing the purge valve. 1. A purge system for purging a fuel supply of a fuel cell system including a fuel cell , comprising:a first valve that controls flow from the fuel cell to a purge reservoir;a fuel supply compartment configured to receive a fuel cartridge; a bypass mode wherein the second valve directs fluid from the fuel supply compartment to the first valve bypassing the fuel cell;', 'a non-bypass mode wherein the second valve directs fluid from the fuel supply compartment to the fuel cell., 'a second valve located along the fuel connection, the second valve comprising a three-way valve fluidly connected to the fuel supply compartment, the fuel cell, and the first valve, wherein the second valve is operable between2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a purge line fluidly connecting the fuel cell and the first valve claim 1 , wherein the second valve is fluidly connected to an intermediary portion of the fuel line.3. The system of claim 2 , further comprising a third valve located between the fuel cell and the first valve along the fuel line claim 2 , the third valve comprising a one-way valve preventing fluid flow from the second valve to the fuel cell.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the third valve comprises a passive valve.5. The system of claim ...

Подробнее
13-06-2013 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DEVICE POWER MANAGEMENT

Номер: US20130149626A1
Принадлежит: ARDICA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

A method for controlling fuel cartridge supply for a device powered by a fuel cell system, the fuel cell system including a fuel cell stack that converts fuel from the fuel cartridge into electrical power, the method including receiving operation data from each of a plurality of devices at a first time period, calculating a future fuel cartridge demand from the operation data, the future fuel cartridge demand associated with a second time period after the first time period, calculating a target fuel cartridge manufacturing volume from the future hydrogen cartridge demand, and sending the target fuel cartridge manufacturing volume to a manufacturing facility. 1. A method for controlling hydrogen cartridge supply for a device powered by a fuel cell system , the fuel cell system including a fuel cell stack that converts hydrogen from the hydrogen cartridge into electrical power , the method comprising:receiving device operation data from each of a plurality of devices;categorizing the device operation data into geographic regions according to respective location data determined from the respective operation data;calculating a future hydrogen cartridge demand for each geographic region from the device operation data associated with the geographic region;calculating a target hydrogen cartridge manufacturing volume for each geographic region from the respective future hydrogen cartridge demand;selecting a hydrogen cartridge manufacturing facility for each geographic region based on the respective target hydrogen cartridge manufacturing volume and a proximity of the hydrogen cartridge manufacturing facility to the geographic region; andsending the respective target hydrogen cartridge manufacturing volume to each selected hydrogen cartridge manufacturing facility.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein calculating the future hydrogen cartridge demand for each geographic region further comprises calculating the future fuel cartridge demand for each geographic region based on a ...

Подробнее
20-06-2013 дата публикации

Fuel Cell System Having an Integral Turbine/Compressor Unit

Номер: US20130157154A1
Принадлежит: DAIMLER AG

A fuel cell system includes at least one fuel cell having an anode chamber, a cathode chamber, a hydrogen pressure reservoir, a recirculation line connecting an outlet of the anode chamber to an inlet of the anode chamber, a recirculation conveyor with a compressor wheel in the region of the recirculation line, and a turbine for expanding the hydrogen that is under pressure before entry into the anode chamber. The recirculation conveyor is driven at least partially by the turbine. The turbine and the compressor wheel are formed in one component. 120-. (canceled)21. A fuel cell system , comprising:at least one fuel cell, which includes an anode chamber and a cathode chamber;a hydrogen pressure reservoir;a recirculation line that connects an outlet of the anode chamber to an inlet of the anode chamber;a recirculation conveyor with a compressor wheel in a region of the recirculation line and a turbine configured to expand hydrogen under pressure before entry into the anode chamber, the recirculation conveyor is configured to be at least partially driven by the turbine,wherein the turbine and the compressor wheel are a single component.22. The fuel cell system as claimed in claim 21 , wherein the hydrogen flows onto the turbine via a nozzle having a nozzle needle claim 21 , the throughflow of hydrogen being adjustable by a relative movement of the nozzle relative to the nozzle needle.23. The fuel cell system as claimed in claim 21 , wherein the turbine is a Pelton turbine.24. The fuel cell system as claimed in claim 21 , wherein the compressor wheel is a fluid-flow machine.25. The fuel cell system as claimed in claim 21 , wherein the compressor wheel is a side channel compressor.26. The fuel cell system as claimed in claim 21 , wherein the compressor wheel is a radial compressor.27. The fuel cell system as claimed in claim 21 , wherein the single component has channels connecting a region of the turbine and a region of the compressor wheel together.28. The fuel cell ...

Подробнее
20-06-2013 дата публикации

FUEL CELL SYSTEM

Номер: US20130157158A1
Принадлежит:

Provided is a fuel cell system including: a wetness detecting section for detecting a wetness of a fuel cell stack; a target SR setting section for setting a target SR of the fuel cell stack based on the wetness; a smallest SR setting section for setting, based on a load, a smallest SR necessary to prevent flooding of the fuel cell stack; and an SR control section for performing control so that an actual SR becomes temporarily larger than the smallest SR when the target SR is smaller than the smallest SR. 114-. (canceled)15. A fuel cell system , comprising:a wetness detecting section for detecting a wetness of an electrolyte membrane of a fuel cell stack;a target SR setting section for setting a target SR of the fuel cell stack based on the wetness so that the wetness becomes equal to a desired wetness;a smallest SR setting section for setting, based on a load, a smallest SR necessary to prevent flooding of the fuel cell stack; andan SR control section for intermittently increasing and decreasing an actual SR when the target SR is smaller than the smallest SR,wherein the target SR is set to have a value smaller than the smallest SR when the load is low and the wetness indicates a relatively drier state.16. The fuel cell system according to claim 15 , wherein:when the actual SR is to be intermittently increased and decreased, the SR control section performs control so that the actual SR becomes temporarily larger than the smallest SR.17. The fuel cell system according to claim 16 , wherein:the SR control section controls a compressor provided to a cathode-gas supply line for supplying a cathode gas to the fuel cell stack or a cathode-gas pressure control valve provided to a cathode-gas discharge line for the cathode gas discharged from the fuel cell stack.18. The fuel cell system according to claim 15 , wherein:the wetness detecting section detects the wetness of the fuel cell stack based on an impedance of the fuel cell stack; andthe target SR setting section sets ...

Подробнее
20-06-2013 дата публикации

ATTACHMENT FOR A FUEL TANK OF A FUEL CELL POWERED SYSTEM AND ELECTRONIC PORTABLE DEVICE EQUIPPED THEREWITH

Номер: US20130157159A1
Принадлежит: RESEARCH IN MOTION LIMITED

An attachment for a fuel tank of a fuel cell powered system is described. The attachment thermally conducts heat generated from an electronic component to the fuel tank. The attachment further affixes to the electronic component by a securing portion. In one aspect, the attachment is comprised in a fuel cell powered electronic device. In another aspect, the attachment is integral to the fuel tank. 120.-. (canceled)21. A portable electronic device comprising:a fuel tank adapted to store fuel for a fuel cell for providing power to the portable electronic device; and a thermal conductor having a first surface for thermally contacting the at least one heat generating electronic component and a second surface for thermally contacting the fuel tank, the thermal conductor conducting heat generated by the at least one electronic component such that heat generated by the at least one electronic component is absorbed by the fuel tank; and', 'a securing portion for affixing the first surface to the at least one electronic component, the securing portion comprising a lip located in opposition with the first surface such that an edge of the at least one electronic component resides between the lip and the first surface and is retained therein., 'an attachment adapted to affix the fuel tank in thermal conduction with at least one heat generating electronic component on the portable electronic device, the attachment including22. The device of wherein the lip extends in a direction parallel to the first surface.23. The device of claim 21 , wherein the lip and the first surface cooperate to inhibit relative movement of the electronic component and fuel tank in a direction perpendicular to the first surface.24. The device of claim 21 , wherein a space between the lip and the first surface is sized so that the at least one electronic component fits snugly between the first surface and the lip to inhibit relative movement between the fuel tank and the at least one electronic component. ...

Подробнее
20-06-2013 дата публикации

POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELL

Номер: US20130157160A1
Принадлежит: Panasonic Corporation

A polymer electrolyte fuel cell comprises a plurality of stacked cells each having an ionic conductive electrolyte membrane, an anode placed on one side of the electrolyte membrane, a cathode placed on the other side of the electrolyte membrane, and a conductive separator on which a first refrigerant channel for flow of a refrigerant is formed in center part thereof. The separator comprises a penetration holes constituting a manifold which extend in a direction of stacking of the plurality of cells and through which the refrigerant flows, a second refrigerant channels for communication between the penetration holes and the first refrigerant channel, and a plurality of protrusions that protrude into the penetration holes from parts of wall surfaces of the penetration holes that located peripherally in connection parts between the penetration holes and the second refrigerant channels. 1. A polymer electrolyte fuel cell comprising a plurality of stacked cells each having an ionic conductive electrolyte membrane , an anode placed on one side of the electrolyte membrane , a cathode placed on the other side of the electrolyte membrane , and a conductive separator on which a first refrigerant channel for flow of a refrigerant is formed in center part thereof ,the separator comprising:a refrigerant manifold which extend in a direction of stacking of the plurality of cells and through which the refrigerant flows,a second refrigerant channel for communication between the refrigerant manifold and the first refrigerant channel, anda plurality of protrusions protruding into the refrigerant manifold from a part of a wall surface of the refrigerant manifold that located peripherally in a connection part between the refrigerant manifold and the second refrigerant channel.2. The polymer electrolyte fuel cell according to claim 1 , wherein a sectional configuration of the refrigerant manifold of the separator that is orthogonal to the direction of stacking of the cells includes the ...

Подробнее
27-06-2013 дата публикации

Fuel cell system and method for controlling fuel cell system

Номер: US20130164641A1
Принадлежит: Honda Motor Co Ltd

A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell, a fuel-gas supply path, a fuel-gas circulation path, a first flow adjuster, an ejector, a bypass flow path, and a second flow adjuster. The fuel cell has a fuel-gas flow path and an oxidant-gas flow path. The bypass flow path connects an upstream section of the fuel-gas supply path located upstream of the first flow adjuster to a downstream section of the fuel-gas supply path located downstream of the ejector so as to cause fuel gas to bypass the first flow adjuster and the ejector. The second flow adjuster is provided in the bypass flow path to adjust a flow rate of the fuel gas by intermittently ejecting the fuel gas at a larger flow rate than the first flow adjuster.

Подробнее
27-06-2013 дата публикации

FUEL CELL STACK

Номер: US20130164646A1
Принадлежит: HONDA MOTOR CO., LTD.

A fuel cell stack includes a terminal plate, an insulating member, and an end plate at one end of a stack body formed by stacking a plurality of power generation cells. A heat insulating member and the terminal plate are placed in a recess of the insulating member. The heat insulating member is formed by stacking metal plates and metal plates together alternately. The metal plate is formed by cutting the outer end of a first metal separator of the power generation cell into a frame shape and the metal plate is formed by cutting the outer end of a second metal separator of the power generation cell into a frame shape. 1. A fuel cell stack comprising:a stack body formed by stacking power generation cells in a stacking direction, the power generation cells each including a membrane electrode assembly and a separator, the membrane electrode assembly including a pair of electrodes and an electrolyte interposed between the electrodes; andterminal plates, insulating members, and end plates provided at both ends of the stack body in the stacking direction;wherein at least one of the insulating members has a recess at an end opened toward the stack body; anda heat insulating member and the terminal plate are placed in the recess.2. The fuel cell stack according to claim 1 , wherein the separator is formed by corrugating a thin metal plate; andthe heat insulating member includes a metal plate formed by cutting an outer end of the separator of the stack body into a frame shape.3. The fuel cell stack according to claim 1 , wherein the heat insulating member includes any of formed metal having electrical conductivity claim 1 , a honeycomb member having electrical conductivity claim 1 , and porous carbon.4. The fuel cell stack according to claim 1 , wherein the heat insulating member at least includes first heat insulating members and second heat insulating members made of different materials; andthe first heat insulating members and the second heat insulating members are stacked ...

Подробнее
27-06-2013 дата публикации

Fuel cell system, motor, air compressor, pump, and method of designing motor

Номер: US20130164647A1
Автор: Tomoyoshi Kobayashi
Принадлежит: Toyota Motor Corp

A fuel cell system includes a fuel gas supply/discharge mechanism, an oxidative gas supply/discharge mechanism, and a coolant circulation mechanism that cools a fuel cell. A motor employed in an air compressor of the fuel gas supply/discharge mechanism includes a generally circular cylindrical rotor. The axial length of the rotor is related to its diameter such that the ratio is approximately equal to a maximum value satisfying a relationship: Ta≦Tm, where Ta denotes a permissible torque of the motor, and that Tm denotes a maximum torque for which a request is to be made to the motor.

Подробнее
27-06-2013 дата публикации

Fuel cell system and operating method thereof

Номер: US20130164649A1
Принадлежит: Nissan Motor Co Ltd

An anode gas non-recirculation type fuel cell system includes a fuel cell, a buffer tank for purging impurity gas included in anode off-gas from the fuel cell stack, an impurity gas concentration detector for detecting impurity gas concentration in the buffer tank, and an anode gas supply unit for supplying anode gas to the fuel cell stack. When pressure-supplying impurity gas in the fuel cell stack to the buffer tank while pulsating a supply pressure by the anode gas supply unit, an activation control is executed by changing, by the anode gas supply unit, at least one of a pulsative pressure and a pulsative cycle of anode gas supply according to impurity gas concentration in the buffer tank. According to the system, it is possible to get adequate hydrogen gas concentration in a fuel cell stack and to remove impurity at its activation.

Подробнее
04-07-2013 дата публикации

FUEL CELL SYSTEM

Номер: US20130171531A1
Принадлежит: NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD.

The fuel cell system is simplified and made more compact while providing the favorable recirculation of hydrogen-containing off-gas regardless of the increase or decrease in its flow rate. The fuel cell system is provided with: a cell unit that generates electricity by means of separating hydrogen-containing gas and oxygen-containing gas from each other while placing in flow contact to each other; and a recirculation mechanism for recirculating to the cell unit hydrogen-containing off-gas discharged from the cell unit. The fuel cell system has a flow rate determination unit that determines whether or not the hydrogen-containing gas fed to the cell unit is less than a predetermined flow rate; and a gas feeding pressure varying mechanism that cause the pressure of the hydrogen-containing gas to vary to increase and decrease when it is determined that the hydrogen-containing gas fed to the cell unit is less than the predetermined flow quantity. 1. A fuel cell system including a cell unit generating power by separating hydrogen-containing gas and oxygen-containing gas in flow contact with each other , and a recirculation mechanism to recirculate hydrogen-containing off-gas discharged from the cell unit back to the cell unit , comprising:a flow rate determination mechanism configured to determine whether or not the hydrogen-containing gas fed to the cell unit is less than a predetermined flow rate; anda gas feeding pressure varying mechanism configured to cause the pressure of the hydrogen-containing gas to vary by increasing or decreasing the pressure intermittently when the hydrogen-containing gas fed to the cell unit is determined to be less than the predetermined flow rate.2. The fuel cell system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the predetermined flow rate is a flow rate at which the hydrogen-containing gas would not be recirculated to the cell unit.3. The fuel cell system as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:a feeding source of hydrogen-containing gas to the ...

Подробнее
04-07-2013 дата публикации

Method and arrangement to control operating conditions in fuel cell device

Номер: US20130171533A1
Автор: Kim ÅSTRÖM
Принадлежит: Convion Oy

An exemplary arrangement and method for controlling operating conditions of a fuel cell device are disclosed. The fuel cell device having plural fuel cells, each including an anode side, a cathode side, an electrolyte between the anode side and the cathode side, and being arranted in a stack. The control arrangement includes at least one controllable electrical heater configured to produce controllable heat quantities, at least two controllers that control fuel cell quantities including at least a portion of air flowing to the fuel cells and heat applied to the stack environment. The controllable heat quantities and controllable fuel cell quantities are controlled to meet a target value. The fuel cell device includes a low level high speed controller configured to control at least one controllable electrical heater to operate the heater as a buffer for excess energy of the fuel cell device.

Подробнее
04-07-2013 дата публикации

Fuel Cell

Номер: US20130171536A1

Fuel cell including several stacks of fuel cell elementary cells, at least part of the stacks being mounted in parallel and in a modular manner in order to allow the electric power level supplied by the cell to be adapted by adapting the number of stacks present in the cell, the cell including a cooling circuit including several legs in parallel for the selective cooling of said stacks by means of heat exchange, a heat-conveying liquid being selectively circulated in the cooling circuit via at least one pump, characterized in that the cooling circuit includes different pumps arranged respectively in several of said legs of the cooling circuit, 1. A fuel cell comprising:several stacks of fuel cell elementary cells, at least part of the stacks being mounted electrically in parallel and in a modular manner in order to allow an electric power level supplied by the fuel cell to be adapted by adapting the number of stacks present in the fuel cell; anda cooling circuit including several legs fluidically in parallel adapted and configured for selective cooling of said stacks by means of heat exchange with a heat-conveying liquid that is selectively circulated in the cooling circuit via at least one pump, wherein the cooling circuit comprises a respective pump in each of said several parallel legs of the cooling circuit, each one of said several pumps being structurally connected to one of said corresponding stacks.2. The cell of claim 1 , wherein:each assembly of a corresponding cooling circuit leg, pump and stack is structurally connected in a respective removable casing; andone end of each leg including removable rapid fluidic connection members cooperating selectively with twin members formed on part of the cooling circuit that is common to all the stacks located away from the legs.3. The cell of claim 2 , wherein the fluidic connection members of the leg and the twin members formed on the common part of the cooling circuit are of an automatic opening type when ...

Подробнее
11-07-2013 дата публикации

POWER GENERATION SYSTEM AND METHOD OF OPERATING THE SAME

Номер: US20130177825A1
Принадлежит: Panasonic Corporation

A power generation system of the present invention includes: a fuel cell unit () including a fuel cell () and a case (); a controller (); a combustion unit () provided outside the case () and configured to combust a combustible gas to supply heat; and a discharge passage () configured to cause the fuel cell unit () and the combustion unit () to communicate with each other, wherein in a case where an exhaust gas is being discharged to the discharge passage () from one of the fuel cell unit () and the combustion unit () and the controller () changes the flow rate of the exhaust gas discharged from the other unit, the controller () controls at least the flow rate of the exhaust gas discharged from the other unit such that the flow rate of the exhaust gas discharged from the one unit becomes constant. 1. A power generation system comprising:a fuel cell unit including a fuel cell configured to generate electric power using a fuel gas and an oxidizing gas and a case configured to house the fuel cell;a controller;a combustion unit provided outside the case and configured to combust a combustible gas to supply heat; anda discharge passage configured to cause the fuel cell unit and the combustion unit to communicate with each other and provided to discharge a first exhaust gas from the fuel cell unit and a second exhaust gas from the combustion unit to an atmosphere, whereinin a case where an exhaust gas is being discharged to the discharge passage from one of the fuel cell unit and the combustion unit and the controller changes a flow rate of the exhaust gas discharged from the other unit, the controller controls at least the flow rate of the exhaust gas discharged from the other unit such that a flow rate of the exhaust gas discharged from the one unit becomes constant.2. The power generation system according to claim 1 , wherein in a case where the exhaust gas is being discharged from the one unit to the discharge passage and the controller changes the flow rate of the ...

Подробнее
18-07-2013 дата публикации

FUEL CELL STACK

Номер: US20130183598A1
Автор: Shinohara Masashi
Принадлежит: HONDA MOTOR CO., LTD.

A fuel cell stack includes a fuel cell. A separator of the fuel cell includes a sandwiching section for sandwiching an electrolyte electrode assembly, a bridge section, and a reactant gas supply section. A fuel gas channel and an oxygen-containing gas channel are formed in the sandwiching section. A fuel gas supply channel, a fuel gas return channel, and an oxygen-containing gas supply channel are formed in the bridge section. A fuel gas supply passage a fuel gas discharge passage and an oxygen-containing gas supply passage are formed in the reactant gas supply section. The bridge section is provided integrally with the reactant gas supply section, and surrounds the entire outer circumference of the sandwiching section. 1. A fuel cell stack formed by stacking a plurality of fuel cells in a stacking direction , the fuel cells each formed by stacking an electrolyte electrode assembly and a separator , the electrolyte electrode assembly including an anode , a cathode , and an electrolyte interposed between the anode and the cathode , the separator comprising:a sandwiching section for sandwiching the electrolyte electrode assembly, a fuel gas channel for supplying a fuel gas along an electrode surface of the anode and an oxygen-containing gas channel for supplying an oxygen-containing gas along an electrode surface of the cathode being provided separately in the sandwiching section;a bridge section connected to the sandwiching section, a fuel gas supply channel for supplying the fuel gas to the fuel gas channel a fuel gas return channel for returning the fuel gas which has flowed through the fuel gas channel, and an oxygen-containing gas supply channel for supplying the oxygen-containing gas to the oxygen-containing gas channel being formed in the bridge section; anda reactant gas supply section connected to the bridge section, a fuel gas supply passage for supplying the fuel gas to the fuel gas supply channel, a fuel gas discharge passage for discharging the fuel gas ...

Подробнее
18-07-2013 дата публикации

SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL

Номер: US20130183599A1
Принадлежит: TOTO LTD.

To provide a solid oxide fuel cell of the present capable of improving overall energy efficiency. The present invention is a solid oxide fuel cell having: a fuel cell module; a fuel supply device; a combustion chamber for burning residual fuel and heating; a heat storing material, a power demand detecting sensor; a temperature detection device, and a control device for controlling so that the fuel utilization rate is high when generated power is large, and also for changing output power at a delay to the fuel supply amount; whereby the control device is furnished with a stored heat amount estimating circuit, and when it is estimated that a usable heat amount has accumulated in the heat storing material, the fuel supply amount is reduced so that the fuel utilization rate increases vs. the same generated power. 1. A solid oxide fuel cell for producing variable power in response to power demand , comprising:a fuel cell module configured to generate electricity using supplied fuel;a fuel supply device configured to supply fuel to the fuel cell module;a generating oxidant gas supply device configured to supply oxidant gas for electrical generation to the fuel cell module;a combustion section configured to burn remaining residual fuel supplied by the fuel supply device and not utilized for electrical generation, and heating the interior of the fuel cell module;a heat storing material configured to accumulate heat generated within the fuel cell module;a power demand detection device configured to detect power demand;a temperature detection device configured to detect the temperature of the fuel cell module; anda control device programmed to control, based on the power demand detected by the power demand detection device, such that the fuel utilization rate is high when generated power is large, and the fuel utilization rate is low when generated power is small, and also for changing the power actually output from the fuel cell module at a delay after changing the fuel ...

Подробнее
25-07-2013 дата публикации

FUEL CELL SYSTEM AND METHOD OF OPERATING THE SAME AT LOW TEMPERATURE

Номер: US20130189597A1
Принадлежит: SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD.

A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell which generates power using a fuel; peripheral devices for operating the fuel cell and supplying power generated by the fuel cell to loads; and a heating module which heats at least one of the fuel cell and the peripheral devices using heat generated by a semiconductor device attached to the at least one of the fuel cell and the peripheral devices. 1. A fuel cell system comprising:a fuel cell which generates power using a fuel;peripheral devices for operating the fuel cell and supplying the power generated by the fuel cell to loads; anda heating module which heats at least one of the fuel cell and the peripheral devices using heat generated by a semiconductor device attached to the at least one of the fuel cell and the peripheral devices.2. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , whereinthe semiconductor device is a transistor, andthe heating module heats the at least one of the fuel cell and the peripheral devices using heat generated by the transistor while the transistor is being switched.3. The fuel cell system of claim 2 , whereinthe peripheral devices comprise a controller which controls heat generation of the semiconductor device by switching the transistor by outputting a pulse signal, a voltage of which changes in a shape of pulse having a predetermined frequency, to the transistor, andthe heating module heats the at least one of the fuel cell and the peripheral devices using the heat generated by the transistor, which is switched substantially in proportion to the predetermined frequency.4. The fuel cell system of claim 2 , wherein the transistor is a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor.5. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , further comprising:a temperature sensor which is attached to the at least one of the fuel cell and the peripheral devices and detects a temperature of the at least one of the fuel cell and the peripheral devices,wherein the heating module heats the at least one of the fuel cell and the ...

Подробнее
25-07-2013 дата публикации

FUEL CELL SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE SAME

Номер: US20130189598A1
Принадлежит: YOUNG GREEN ENERGY CO.

A fuel cell system and a method for controlling the fuel cell system are provided. The method includes detecting an output characteristic value of the fuel cell system and controlling the fuel cell system to respectively operate in at least two of a first mode, a second mode and a third mode at different time points according to the detected output characteristic value. Accordingly, the fuel cell system is capable of stably generating electric power, and is adapted to different operation environments. 1. A method for controlling a fuel cell system , comprising:detecting an output characteristic value of the fuel cell system; andcontrolling the fuel cell system to respectively operate in at least two of a first mode, a second mode, and a third mode at different time points according to the output characteristic value,wherein when the fuel cell system operates in the first mode, and the output characteristic value is decreased to a lower limit, a first predetermined quantity of a reactant is supplied to a reaction tank of the fuel cell system,wherein when the fuel cell system operates in the second mode, a second predetermined quantity of the reactant is supplied to the reaction tank at a variable supply rate,wherein when the fuel cell system operates in the third mode, a non-fixed quantity of the reactant is supplied to the reaction tank at the variable supply rate,wherein the non-fixed quantity is greater than the second predetermined quantity.2. The method for controlling the fuel cell system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the fuel cell system is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system claim 1 , the reactant reacts with a fuel in the reaction tank to generate a reaction gas claim 1 , the fuel cell system further comprises a stack for reacting with the reaction gas to generate electric power claim 1 , and the output characteristic value is a temperature of the fuel cell system claim 1 , a flux of the reaction gas claim 1 , a pressure of the reaction gas ...

Подробнее
01-08-2013 дата публикации

FUEL CELL SYSTEM

Номер: US20130196242A1
Принадлежит: Panasonic Corporation

A fuel cell system () includes a fuel cell (), an electromagnetic diaphragm pump (), a flow detector (), and a controller (). The controller is configured to set the frequency of the AC voltage (applied AC voltage) applied to the electromagnetic diaphragm pump, control the voltage of the applied AC voltage in the set frequency to cause the flow rate of the gas detected by the flow detector to reach a target flow rate; and the controller is configured to newly set the frequency of the applied AC voltage to a frequency at which the voltage of the applied AC voltage becomes smaller than a predetermined voltage when the voltage of the applied AC voltage becomes equal to or greater than the predetermined voltage. 1. A fuel cell system comprising:a fuel cell for generating electric power through an electrochemical reaction between a hydrogen-containing gas and an oxidizing gas;an electromagnetic diaphragm pump for supplying one of the hydrogen-containing gas and the oxidizing gas to the fuel cell at a flow rate corresponding to a voltage and a frequency of an AC voltage applied to the electromagnetic diaphragm pump;a flow detector for detecting a flow rate of the gas supplied from the electromagnetic diaphragm pump to the fuel cell; anda controller for controlling the voltage and the frequency of the AC voltage (hereinafter referred to as applied AC voltage) applied to the electromagnetic diaphragm pump;wherein the controller is configured to set the frequency of the applied AC voltage, control the voltage of the applied AC voltage in the set frequency to cause the flow rate of the gas detected by the flow detector to reach a target flow rate; andthe controller is configured to newly set the frequency of the applied AC voltage to a frequency at which the voltage of the applied AC voltage becomes smaller than a predetermined voltage when the voltage of the applied AC voltage becomes equal to or greater than the predetermined voltage.2. The fuel cell system according to ...

Подробнее
01-08-2013 дата публикации

HIGH TEMPERATURE FUEL CELL SYSTEM

Номер: US20130196243A1
Принадлежит:

A fuel cell system for use with an endothermic fuel generator including a fuel cell stack having a primary fuel cell stack having a first thermal mass and a secondary fuel cell stack having a second thermal mass smaller than the first, the fuel cell system further including a first thermal coupling mechanism configured to thermally couple waste heat from the secondary fuel cell stack to the primary fuel cell stack, and a second thermal coupling mechanism configured to thermally couple waste heat from the fuel cell stack to the endothermic fuel generator. 1. A fuel cell system for use with an endothermic fuel generator , comprising: a primary fuel cell stack having a first thermal mass;', 'a secondary fuel cell stack having a second thermal mass smaller than the first;, 'a fuel cell stack comprisinga first thermal coupling mechanism configured to thermally couple waste heat from the secondary fuel cell stack to the primary fuel cell stack; anda second thermal coupling mechanism configured to thermally couple waste heat from the fuel cell stack to the endothermic fuel generator.2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a heater thermally coupled to the primary fuel cell stack and electrically coupled to the secondary fuel cell stack claim 1 , the heater configured to heat the primary fuel cell stack with power produced by the secondary fuel cell stack.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the primary fuel cell stack and the secondary fuel cell stack both comprise high temperature fuel cells.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the secondary fuel cell stack comprises a portion of the primary fuel cell stack.5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the secondary fuel cell stack comprises an interior sub-stack of fuel cells of the primary fuel cell stack.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first thermal coupling mechanism comprises a thermally conductive path thermally coupled to and fluidly isolated from the primary fuel cell stack.7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the ...

Подробнее
08-08-2013 дата публикации

IN-VEHICLE FUEL CELL SYSTEM

Номер: US20130202975A1
Принадлежит: HONDA MOTOR CO., LTD.

A fuel cell system mounted in a vehicle includes a fuel cell stack, a coolant supply mechanism, and a fuel gas supply mechanism. The coolant supply mechanism includes a coolant supply pipe and a coolant discharge pipe, provided on a front side in a traveling direction of the vehicle, relative to the fuel cell stack. The fuel gas supply mechanism includes a fuel gas supply pipe, provided on a rear side in the traveling direction, relative to the fuel cell stack. 1. An in-vehicle fuel cell system comprising:a fuel cell stack formed by stacking a plurality of power generation cells, said fuel cell stack being mounted in a vehicle;a coolant supply mechanism for supplying a coolant to said fuel cell stack; anda reactant gas supply mechanism for supplying a reactant gas to said fuel cell stack,wherein said coolant supply mechanism includes a coolant pipe, provided on a front side in a longitudinal direction of said vehicle, relative to said fuel cell stack, the coolant pipe connecting a radiator to a front of the fuel cell stack in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle; andsaid reactant gas supply mechanism is provided on a rear side in the longitudinal direction of said vehicle, relative to said fuel cell stack, and said reactant gas supply mechanism includes a reactant gas pipe that attaches to a back of the fuel cell stack in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle such that the coolant pipe and the reactant gas pipe connect to opposite ends of the fuel cell stack.2. An in-vehicle fuel cell system according to claim 1 , wherein said fuel cell stack is provided at a center position in a lateral direction of said vehicle claim 1 , and said power generation cells are stacked in a longitudinal direction of said vehicle.3. An in-vehicle fuel cell system according to claim 2 , wherein said power generation cell includes an electrolyte electrode assembly and a separator claim 2 , said electrolyte electrode assembly including a pair of electrodes and an electrolyte ...

Подробнее
08-08-2013 дата публикации

Fuel cell system and operating method thereof

Номер: US20130202976A1
Принадлежит: Nissan Motor Co Ltd

A fuel cell system includes: a fuel cell stack (S) formed by stacking multiple unit cells (C) horizontally and having, in the stacked body, manifolds through which to supply and discharge reaction gases to and from each of the unit cells (C); and drainage paths ( 1 A, 1 B) extending from an anode-off-gas discharge manifold (M), on both end sides of the fuel cell stack (S) in the stacking direction of the unit cells, respectively.

Подробнее
08-08-2013 дата публикации

Device for fuel cell system

Номер: US20130202980A1
Автор: Shuichiro Saito
Принадлежит: Canon Inc

A method of replacing a gas in a fuel cell system is provided, which comprises the steps of detecting that a fuel cartridge is connected to the fuel cell system having a fuel cell and supplying a fuel from the fuel cartridge on the basis of the detection to start replacement of gas in the fuel cell system. Thereby, a simple gas replacement method is provided for replacing the gas other than the fuel, which has entered the fuel cell system that is supplied with the fuel from the fuel cartridge, with the fuel. Especially, a user does not have to perform the gas replacement operation manually. The gas replacement can be automatically performed.

Подробнее
08-08-2013 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR SUPPLYING HYDROGEN GAS, AND HYDROGEN FUEL CELL SYSTEM

Номер: US20130202988A1
Автор: Wang Xingjie, Wu Haijun
Принадлежит: Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

A system and method for supplying hydrogen gas, and a hydrogen fuel cell system are provided to solve inconvenience caused by the requirement for replacing a hydrogen storage container during hydrogen gas supplement. The system for supplying hydrogen gas includes a hydrogen storage unit, a hydrogen conveying unit and a charging device connected to the hydrogen storage unit, where the charging device includes a charging opening matched with a hydrogen gas infusing unit. It may be noted that according to the solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, when hydrogen gas needs to be supplemented, an external infusing device may be used to infuse hydrogen gas to the hydrogen storage container in the hydrogen storage unit through the charging opening, which avoids replacement of the hydrogen storage container during an entire infusing process, and makes an intensive hydrogen gas supplement process more convenient and faster. 1. A hydrogen supply system , comprising a hydrogen storage unit and a hydrogen conveying unit , and wherein a charging device connected to the hydrogen storage unit , wherein the charging device comprises a charging opening matched with an external infusing device.2. The system according to claim 1 , further comprising a one-way valve connecting the charging device and the hydrogen storage unit claim 1 , wherein the one-way valve conducts along a direction from the charging device to the hydrogen storage unit.3. The system according to claim 2 , wherein the charging device further comprises a buffer chamber in communication with the charging opening claim 2 , and the buffer chamber is connected to the one-way valve.4. The system according to claim 3 , wherein the hydrogen storage unit comprises a hydrogen storage container claim 3 , and the one-way valve is connected to the hydrogen storage container.5. The system according to claim 4 , wherein the hydrogen storage unit further comprises a high pressure busbar in communication ...

Подробнее
15-08-2013 дата публикации

Reactant control method for a fuel cell system in idle-stop mode

Номер: US20130209906A1
Принадлежит: GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS LLC

A system and method for controlling the reactants in anode and cathode compartments of a fuel cell stack while the fuel cell stack is in a stand-by or idle-stop mode. The method includes identifying a voltage set-point for an average voltage of the fuel cells in the fuel cell stack or an overall stack voltage that is a minimum voltage acceptable for the idle-stop mode. The actual cell voltage average or stack voltage is compared to the voltage set-point to generate a voltage error. The voltage error is provided to a controller that does one or both of providing hydrogen gas to the anode compartment of the stack to increase the anode compartment pressure, which decreases the voltage error if the voltage is above the voltage set-point, or providing more cathode air to the cathode compartment of the fuel cell stack if the voltage error is below the voltage set-point.

Подробнее
15-08-2013 дата публикации

FUEL CELL

Номер: US20130209909A1
Принадлежит: HONDA MOTOR CO., LTD.

A cell unit constituting a fuel cell is provided with a first electrolyte membrane/electrode structure, a first separator, a second electrolyte membrane/electrode structure, and a second separator. The first and second electrolyte membrane/electrode structures respectively have a frame section on the outer periphery, and the frame sections are formed with a fluid communicating hole extending in the stacking direction. The first and second separators are disposed towards the inside of the fluid communication hole and are respectively provided with two metal plates which have the same shape and which are stacked on one another. 1. A fuel cell including a cell unit formed by sandwiching an electrolyte electrode assembly between a first separator and a second separator , the electrolyte electrode assembly including a pair of electrodes and an electrolyte interposed between the electrodes ,a frame member made of polymer material being provided integrally with an outer circumference of the electrolyte electrode assembly, fluid passages including a reactant gas supply passage, a reactant gas discharge passage, a coolant supply passage, and a coolant discharge passage extending through the frame member in the stacking direction, a seal member for hermetically surrounding the fluid passages and an outer circumference of a reaction surface being provided between the frame members that are adjacent to each other in the stacking direction,wherein at least the first separator or the second separator includes two plates having the same outer shape and which are joined together; andouter circumferential ends of the first separator and the second separator are positioned on an inward side relative to the fluid passages.2. The fuel cell according to claim 1 , comprising:an inner seal line which contacts outer circumferential end surfaces of the first separator and the second separator; andan outer seal line provided around outer circumferential ends of the first separator and the ...

Подробнее
15-08-2013 дата публикации

EXPLOSION-PROTECTED FUEL CELL

Номер: US20130209910A1
Принадлежит:

A fuel cell arrangement operable in environments that are prone to explosions including a fuel cell stack that is housed in a containment vessel filled with a heat equalizing fluid and provided with a cooling system. The heat equalizing fluid flows around all sides of the fuel cell stack and prevents a direct concentrated heat transfer from the surface of the fuel cell stack to the containment housing . The heat equalizing fluid buffers and distributes local heat peaks originating from the fuel cell stack and thus eliminates ignition sources. 115-. (canceled)1610141920212324. An explosion-proof fuel cell arrangement () comprising a fuel cell stack () having at least one inlet () for an oxidizing agent , at least one inlet () for a reducing agent , at least one outlet () for reaction products and/or residual gases , and at least two electric terminals ( , ) , and{'b': 15', '25', '26', '14, 'a heat equalizing jacket (, , ) that encloses the fuel cell stack ().'}171514251514. The fuel cell arrangement according to in which said heat equalizing jacket includes a containment housing () that encloses the fuel cell stack () claim 16 , and a heat equalizing fluid with and interior () of the containment housing () in surrounding relation to all sides of the fuel stack ().1826. The fuel cell arrangement according to in which said heat equalizing fluid () is a substance with high heat storage capacity.1926. The fuel cell arrangement according to in which said heat equalizing fluid () is a gel with high thermal conductivity.201418. The fuel cell arrangement according to in which said fuel cell stack has at least one cooling duct () through which a cooling medium flows.211843. The fuel cell arrangement according to in which said cooling duct is connected to an external cooler ().221825. The fuel cell arrangement according to in which said cooling duct is separated from an interior () of the heat equalizing jacket.231825. The fuel cell arrangement according to in which said ...

Подробнее
22-08-2013 дата публикации

Solid oxide fuel cell system

Номер: US20130216926A1
Принадлежит: TOTO LTD

A solid oxide fuel cell system is disclosed. The solid oxide fuel cell system includes a cell stack having multiple adjacent fuel cells; a reformer that reforms raw gas and produces fuel gas supplied to the fuel cells; a combustion section that causes combustion of the fuel gas discharged from the fuel cells and heats the reformer with combustion heat of the fuel gas; an ignition device that ignites the combustion section; a combustion state confirmation device that senses that heating of the entire reformer has started using the advancement of flame transfer between fuel cells in the combustion section; and a controller programmed to start an operation of the system heating the reformer by using combustion heat from the combustion section and reaction heat from the partial oxidation reforming reaction (POX) in the reformer. During the period until the combustion state confirmation device senses that the heating of the entire reformer has started after the ignition device ignited the combustion section, the controller suppresses the amount of heat emitted by the partial oxidation reforming reaction in the reformer more than the amount of heat emitted after heating of the entire reformer has started.

Подробнее
29-08-2013 дата публикации

Method and System for Cooling Charge Air for a Fuel Cell, and Three-Fluid Charge Air Cooler

Номер: US20130224613A1
Принадлежит: Dana Canada Corp

A method and system for cooling a pressurized charge air in the fuel cell system of a vehicle, using first and second charge air coolers. The system further includes a gas-to-gas humidifier and a fuel cell stack. According to the method and system, cathode exhaust gas passes through the gas-to-gas humidifier and is also used as the coolant gas in the first charge-air cooler. Therefore, the fuel cell cathode exhaust is heated and reduced in water content, reducing the tendency of water in the exhaust to condense and pool underneath the vehicle. Also provided is a three-fluid heat exchanger which integrates the first and second charge air coolers.

Подробнее
29-08-2013 дата публикации

Coolant Circuit for a Fuel Cell System and Method for Changing out Ion Exchanger Material

Номер: US20130224617A1
Принадлежит: DAIMLER AG

A coolant circuit for a fuel cell system of a motor vehicle includes an ion exchanger material arranged in at least one component of the coolant circuit that is flowed through by coolant during the cooling operation. The ion exchanger material is fixed to an internal side of a wall of the at least one component. During an exchange of the ion exchanger material, the entire component is exchanged and replaced by a replacement component. 111-. (canceled)12. A coolant circuit for a fuel cell system of a vehicle , comprising:at least one component of the coolant circuit that is configured to be flowed through by coolant during the cooling operation; andan ion exchanger material arranged in the at least component, wherein the ion exchanger material is fixed to an internal side of a wall of the at least one component.13. The coolant circuit according to claim 12 , wherein the at least one component is a coolant equalizing reservoir or a line section of the coolant circuit.14. The coolant circuit according to claim 13 , wherein the line section has a helical shape.15. The coolant circuit according to claim 12 , wherein the ion exchanger material is a coating applied to the internal side of the wall of the at least one component.16. The coolant circuit according to claim 12 , wherein the ion exchanger material is connected to the wall of the at least one component by at least partial fusion of the at least one component.17. The coolant circuit according to claim 12 , wherein the ion exchanger material is fastened to the internal side of the wall of the at least one component by being affixed claim 12 , connected claim 12 , riveted claim 12 , locked claim 12 , or pressed.18. The coolant circuit according to claim 12 , wherein the ion exchanger material is equipped with reactive chemical groups claim 12 , which react chemically with corresponding reactive chemical groups on the internal side of the wall of the at least one component claim 12 , such that the ion exchanger ...

Подробнее
29-08-2013 дата публикации

MULTI-STREAM HEAT EXCHANGER FOR A FUEL CELL SYSTEM

Номер: US20130224618A1
Принадлежит: Bloom Energy Corporation

A multi-stream heat exchanger includes at least one air preheater section, at least one cathode recuperator section, and at least one anode recuperator section, wherein each section is a plate type heat exchanger having two major surfaces and a plurality of edge surfaces, a plurality of risers through at least some of the plates, and a plurality of flow paths located between plates. The cathode recuperator section is located adjacent to a first edge surface of the anode recuperator, and the air preheater section is located adjacent to a second edge surface of the anode recuperator section. 2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the fuel cell stack comprises a solid oxide fuel cell stack and the fuel inlet stream comprises a hydrocarbon fuel inlet stream.3. The system of claim 2 , further comprising a partial reformer located downstream of the anode recuperator.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the solid oxide fuel cell stack comprises solid oxide fuel cells have internal reforming anode electrodes.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein:the anode tail gas oxidizer lacks a separate air inlet such that the cathode exhaust stream comprises a sole source of air for the anode tail gas oxidizer;the anode tail gas oxidizer lacks a fresh fuel inlet such that the first anode exhaust stream comprises an entire source of fuel for the anode tail gas.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the splitter is located upstream of the air preheater such that the first anode exhaust stream does not pass through the air preheater.7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the splitter is located in a hot box containing the fuel cell stack claim 6 , such that the first anode exhaust stream is provided directly from the splitter into the anode tail gas oxidizer without passing through the air preheater or outside the hot box. This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/873,935, filed Sep. 1, 2010, which is based upon and claims priority to U.S. provisional application 61/272,227, filed ...

Подробнее
29-08-2013 дата публикации

Coolant Circuit for a Fuel Cell System, and Method for Fluidically Coupling an Ion Exchange Module to a Component of a Coolant Circuit

Номер: US20130224619A1
Принадлежит: DAIMLER AG

A coolant circuit for a fuel cell system of a motor vehicle includes an ion exchange module fluidically coupled to a component of the coolant circuit, which is flowed through by coolant during a cooling operation. The ion exchange module is fixed to an external wall of the component. A fastening element couples the ion exchange module fluidically to the component. 114-. (canceled)15. A coolant circuit for a fuel cell system of a motor vehicle , comprising:a component of the coolant circuit that is flowed through by coolant during a cooling operation; andan ion exchange module fluidically coupled to the component of the coolant circuit that is flowed through by coolant during a cooling operation, wherein the ion exchange module is fixed to an external wall of the component.16. The coolant circuit according to claim 15 , wherein the ion exchange module is fixed to the external wall of the component by at least one fastening element that is configured to be flowed through by the coolant.17. The coolant circuit according to claim 16 , wherein due to the arrangement of the at least one fastening element claim 16 , a mounting device is provided during the coupling of the ion exchange module to the component.18. The coolant circuit according to claim 16 , wherein the external wall of the component forms a receiving region configured to be filled by the ion exchange module so that the ion exchange module is flush with the external wall of the component.19. The coolant circuit according to claim 16 , whereinthe ion exchange module has a floor with a step, wherein the at least one fastening element is arranged at a region of the floor that is displaceable around a height of the step,the at least one fastening element includes at least two fastening elements arranged on a side wall of the ion exchange module, ora first fastening element of the at least one fastening element is arranged on a side wall and a second fastening element of the at least one fastening element is ...

Подробнее
29-08-2013 дата публикации

EVAPORATIVELY COOLED FUEL CELLS WITH WATER PASSAGEWAYS ENHANCED BY WICKS

Номер: US20130224622A1
Принадлежит:

Fuel cells () have passageways () that provide water through one or both reactant gas flow field plates () of each fuel cell, whereby the fuel cell is cooled evaporatively. The water passageways may be vented by a porous plug (not shown), or by a microvacuum pump (). A condenser () may have a reservoir (); the condenser () may be a vehicle radiator. A highly water permeable wicking layer () is disposed adjacent to one or both water passageways () which exist between individual fuel cells (). The passageways may be flow-through passageways () (FIG. ) or they may be interdigitated passageways () (FIG. ) in order to increase the flow of water-purging air through the wicking layer () utilized to clear the stack of water during shutdown in cold environments. The inlet interdigitated channels () may be only partially blocked at their outlet ends such as by a protrusion () or a hole () in order to ensure that any gas entering the inlet coolant passageways () will not accumulate at the outlet end () of the inlet coolant passageways. 12-. (canceled)338. A fuel cell () comprising:{'b': '72', 'a membrane electrode assembly () having an electrolyte with cathode and anode catalysts disposed on opposite sides thereof and a gas diffusion layer facing each of said catalyst layers;'}{'b': 75', '74, 'a fuel reactant gas flow field plate () having fuel reactant gas flow channels () along a first surface thereof;'}{'b': 81', '82, 'an oxidant reactant gas flow field plate () having oxidant reactant gas flow channels () on a first surface thereof;'}one or both of said flow field plates being porous and hydrophilic;{'b': 83', '84, 'a water passageway (, ) disposed on a second surface of said one or both of said flow field plates which is opposite to said first surface thereof;'}characterized by the combination of:{'b': '90', 'a highly water permeable wick layer () disposed adjacent to said water passageway of said one or both of said flow field plates; and'}{'b': 83', '84', '83', '83, 'i ...

Подробнее
05-09-2013 дата публикации

Fuel cell stack

Номер: US20130230785A1
Принадлежит: Honda Motor Co Ltd

A fuel cell stack includes a stacked body, a first terminal plate, a first insulating plate, a first end plate, and a first insulating collar member. The first insulating collar member includes a first tubular portion and a first flange portion. The first tubular portion is provided in the first fluid manifold hole. The first flange portion is disposed at one end of the first tubular portion. Another end of the first tubular portion projects to an outside of the first fluid manifold hole and is in slidably contact with an inner circumferential surface of the first outer manifold member via an outer circumferential surface sealing member. The first flange portion is in contact with the first insulating plate via an end-face sealing member.

Подробнее
05-09-2013 дата публикации

Circulation of Biphase Fuel Cell Coolant

Номер: US20130230786A1
Принадлежит:

Coolant velocity greater than zero everywhere within the coolant channels () of fuel cells () in a fuel cell stack () is assured by providing a flow of biphase fluid in the coolant channels, the flow being created by the outflow of a condenser (). Positive pressure is applied to the coolant inlet () of the coolant channels. Biphase flow from an oxidant exhaust condenser, which may be a vehicle radiator (), renders the coolant return flow more freeze tolerant. Using biphase flow within the coolant channels eliminates the need for a bubble-clearing liquid pump and reduces liquid inventory and other plumbing; this makes the fuel cell power plant more freeze tolerant. 1. A fuel cell power plant comprising:{'b': 37', '38', '78', '85', '66', '68', '75', '42', '47', '81', '53', '57, 'a stack () of fuel cells (), each fuel cell having coolant passageways (, ) connected between a coolant inlet () and a coolant outlet (), a fuel reactant gas flow field plate () connected between a fuel inlet () and a fuel outlet (), an oxidant reactant gas flow field plate () connected between an air inlet () and an air outlet (), at least one of said plates being porous and hydrophilic, and a membrane electrode assembly, including anode and cathode catalysts, disposed between said flow field plates;'}characterized by:{'b': '59', 'a condenser ();'}{'b': 66', '107', '108', '107, 'i': 'a', 'said coolant inlet () includes a gas/liquid separator (/) having a gas outlet (); and'}{'b': 57', '66, 'i': 'a', 'fluid communication between said air outlet (), through said condenser, to said coolant inlet ().'}2. A fuel cell power plant according to further characterized by:{'b': 59', '59', '120, 'i': 'a', 'said condenser () is a radiator () of a fuel cell-powered vehicle ().'}3. A fuel cell power plant according to comprising:{'b': '79', 'a controller (); and further characterized by{'b': 107', '108, 'said separator (/) having a gas outlet controlled by said controller.'}4. A fuel cell power plant ...

Подробнее
12-09-2013 дата публикации

POWER GENERATION SYSTEM AND METHOD OF OPERATING THE SAME

Номер: US20130236802A1
Принадлежит: Panasonic Corporation

A power generation system according to the present invention includes: a fuel cell system () including a fuel cell (), a case (), a reformer (), and a combustor (); a ventilator; a controller (); a combustion device (); and a discharge passage () formed to cause the case () and an exhaust port (A) of the combustion device () to communicate with each other and configured to discharge an exhaust gas from the fuel cell system () and an exhaust gas from the combustion device () to the atmosphere through an opening of the discharge passage (), the opening being open to the atmosphere, and the controller () is configured to cause the combustion device () to operate when the ventilator is in a stop state and then cause the ventilator to operate when the fuel cell system () is activated. 1. A power generation system comprising:a fuel cell system including a fuel cell configured to generate electric power using a fuel gas and an oxidizing gas, a case configured to house the fuel cell, a reformer configured to generate the fuel gas from a raw material and steam, and a combustor configured to heat the reformer;a ventilator;a controller;a combustion device; anda discharge passage formed to cause the case and an exhaust port of the combustion device to communicate with each other and configured to discharge an exhaust gas from the fuel cell system and an exhaust gas from the combustion device to an atmosphere through an opening of the discharge passage, the opening being open to the atmosphere, wherein:the ventilator is configured to discharge a gas in the case to the discharge passage to ventilate an inside of the case; andthe controller causes the combustion device to operate when the ventilator is in a stop state and then causes the ventilator to operate when the fuel cell system is activated.2. The power generation system according to claim 1 , wherein the controller causes the combustor to operate after the controller causes the ventilator to operate.3. The power generation ...

Подробнее
12-09-2013 дата публикации

COOLING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR USE WITH A FUEL CELL

Номер: US20130236804A1
Принадлежит:

A cooling system is provided for use with a fuel cell. The cooling system comprises a first heat exchanger fluidly connected to an outlet passage of the fuel cell. The first heat exchanger can be configured to condense at least a portion of a fluid passing through the outlet passage of the fuel cell into liquid water. The cooling system can also comprise a second heat exchanger fluidly connected to an outlet passage of the first heat exchanger and an inlet passage of the fuel cell. The second heat exchanger can be configured to cool a fluid passing into the inlet passage of the fuel cell. In addition, the outlet passage of the fuel cell and the inlet passage of the fuel cell can be fluidly connected to a cathode of the fuel cell, and the inlet passage of the fuel cell can be configured to supply water to the cathode. 1. A cooling system for use with a fuel cell , comprising:a first heat exchanger fluidly connected to an outlet passage of the fuel cell, wherein the first heat exchanger is configured to condense at least a portion of a fluid passing through the outlet passage of the fuel cell into liquid water;a second heat exchanger fluidly connected to an outlet passage of the first heat exchanger and an inlet passage of the fuel cell, wherein the second heat exchanger is configured to cool a fluid passing into the inlet passage of the fuel cell; and wherein the outlet passage of the fuel cell and the inlet passage of the fuel cell are fluidly connected to a cathode of the fuel cell, and the inlet passage of the fuel cell is configured to supply water to the cathode.2. The cooling system of claim 1 , further comprising:an air inlet passage fluidly connected to the cathode and configured to supply oxygen to the cathode; andan anode outlet passage and an anode inlet passage fluidly connected to an anode of the fuel cell, wherein the anode outlet passage is fluidly connected to the anode inlet passage and the anode inlet passage is configured to supply hydrogen to the ...

Подробнее
19-09-2013 дата публикации

FUEL CELL SYSTEM

Номер: US20130244125A1
Принадлежит: HONDA MOTOR CO., LTD.

The present invention provides a fuel cell system that can quickly decrease a current/voltage characteristic. A fuel cell system includes an introduction piping which connects a discharging piping and a supply piping in communication with each other, and which introduces part of oxidant-off gas in the supply piping, and a circulation on-off valve provided in the introduction piping. The fuel cell system decreases the supply amount of air by an air compressor when a fuel cell is activated at a low temperature to decrease the air-stoichiometry of the fuel cell, and opens the circulation on-off valve to introduce the oxidant-off gas in the supply piping through the introduction piping, thereby causing the oxidant-off gas to circulate. 1. A fuel cell system comprising:a fuel cell which comprises an anode and a cathode and which generates power when a fuel gas and an oxidant gas are supplied to the anode and the cathode, respectively;an oxidant gas supplying unit that supplies the oxidant gas to the cathode;an oxidant gas supplying flow channel through which the oxidant gas to be supplied to the cathode flows;an oxidant-off gas discharging flow channel through which an oxidant-off gas discharged from the cathode flows;an oxidant-off gas introducing flow channel which is in communication with the oxidant-off gas discharging flow channel and the oxidant gas supplying flow channel, and which introduces part of the oxidant-off gas to the oxidant gas supplying flow channel;a circulation on-off valve provided in the oxidant-off gas introducing flow channel;a stoichiometry decreasing process unit which decreases a supply amount of the oxidant gas by the oxidant gas supplying unit when a predetermined condition is satisfied and decreases a stoichiometry of the oxidant gas of the fuel cell to decrease a current/voltage characteristic of the fuel cell; andan oxidant-off gas circulating process unit which opens the circulation on-off valve after a process by the stoichiometry ...

Подробнее
19-09-2013 дата публикации

FUEL CELL SYSTEM

Номер: US20130244127A1
Принадлежит: NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD.

A fuel cell system is basically provided with a fuel cell, a pressure adjusting valve, a purge valve and an anode pressure controller. The fuel cell includes an anode that receives an anode gas and a cathode that receives a cathode gas to generate electric power corresponding to a load. The pressure adjusting valve is disposed in a supply path to adjust anode gas pressure to the anode. The purge valve is disposed in a discharging flow path to discharge an anode-off gas containing impurities from the fuel cell. The anode pressure controller is configured to control the pressure adjusting valve to perform a pulsation operation that pulsates the anode gas pressure of the fuel cell. The anode pressure controller decreases a median pressure of the pulsation operation as a wetness level of an electrolyte membrane of the fuel cell stack is determined to become higher. 1. A fuel cell system comprisinga fuel cell including an anode that receives an anode gas and a cathode that receives a cathode gas to generate electric power corresponding to a load;a pressure adjusting valve disposed in a supply path to adjust anode gas pressure to the anode;a purge valve disposed in a discharging flow path to discharge an anode-off gas containing impurities from the fuel cell; andan anode pressure controller configured to control the pressure adjusting valve to perform a pulsation operation that pulsates the anode gas pressure of the fuel cell,the anode pressure controller decreasing a median pressure of the pulsation operation as a wetness level of an electrolyte membrane of the fuel cell stack is determined to become higher.2. The fuel cell system according to claim 1 , whereinthe anode pressure controller sets an upper limit pressure of the pulsation operation of the anode gas and an lower limit pressure of the pulsation operation of the anode gas, and controls the pressure adjusting valve so that the anode gas pressure pulsates between the upper limit pressure and the lower limit ...

Подробнее
26-09-2013 дата публикации

Apparatus and method for humidified fluid stream delivery to fuel cell stack

Номер: US20130252117A1
Автор: Falko Berg, Milos Milacic
Принадлежит: FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES LLC

An apparatus for providing a humidified cathode fluid stream to a fuel cell stack is disclosed. The apparatus comprising a first humidifier including membranes and a compressor. The first humidifier is configured to receive a cathode fluid stream and to humidify the cathode fluid stream with water from a recirculated fluid stream to provide a first humidified cathode stream. The compressor is configured to receive the first humidified cathode stream and to provide a first pressurized humidified cathode stream. The compressor is further configured to generate a pressure differential across the first humidifier such that the membranes are humidified with the water.

Подробнее
26-09-2013 дата публикации

Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stack Heat Treatment Methods and Apparatus

Номер: US20130252119A1
Принадлежит: Bloom Energy Corporation

Systems and methods are provided for fuel cell stack heat treatment. An eductor may be used to recycle air into the air inlet stream or to recycle fuel into the fuel inlet stream. An eductor may also be used to exhaust air away from the furnace. The stack heat treatment may include stack sintering or conditioning. The conditioning may be conducted without using externally supplied hydrogen. 1. A furnace for heating a fuel cell stack , the furnace comprising:a heat source;a base configured to support the fuel cell stack; andan eductor configured to recycle at least one of air and fuel exhaust to the stack.2. The furnace of claim 1 , further comprising a circulation fan configured to mix air within the furnace.3. The furnace of claim 1 , further comprising:an air bucket configured to remove air from the fuel cell stack,wherein an output of the air bucket is coupled to the suction inlet of the eductor.4. The furnace of claim 3 , wherein the eductor is configured to evacuate air from the air bucket and away from the furnace.5. The furnace of claim 3 , wherein the eductor is configured to recycle at least a portion of the air from the air bucket into an air inlet stream of the furnace.6. The furnace of claim 5 , wherein the eductor is located in the hot zone of the furnace.7. The furnace of claim 5 , wherein the eductor is located outside the hot zone of the furnace.8. The furnace of claim 7 , further comprising an air pre-heater configured to pre-heat the air inlet stream of the furnace.9. The furnace of claim 8 , wherein the pre-heater is configured to pre-heat the air inlet stream before the air inlet stream enters a motive inlet of the eductor.10. The furnace of claim 1 , wherein the eductor is a Venturi eductor.11. The furnace of claim 1 , wherein the base is further configured to support a plurality of fuel cell stacks claim 1 , and wherein the eductor comprises one of a plurality of eductors.12. The furnace of claim 1 , wherein the base is further configured to ...

Подробнее
26-09-2013 дата публикации

FUEL CELL

Номер: US20130252130A1
Принадлежит: HONDA MOTOR CO., LTD.

A power generation unit of a fuel cell includes a first metal separator, a first membrane electrode assembly, a second metal separator, a second membrane electrode assembly, and a third metal separator. A bypass limiting section is provided at an end of the coolant flow field for preventing a coolant from bypassing the coolant flow field. The bypass limiting section includes a corrugated section formed integrally with the first metal separator and a corrugated section formed integrally with the third metal separator adjacent to the first metal separator, and contacting the corrugated section. 1. A fuel cell formed by stacking a membrane electrode assembly and a metal separator together horizontally in a stacking direction , the membrane electrode assembly includes a pair of electrodes and an electrolyte membrane interposed between the electrodes , the electrodes each having an electrode surface provided vertically along a direction of gravity , the electrode surface having a shape elongated in a horizontal direction which is orthogonal to the stacking direction of the metal separator , a reactant gas flow field being provided in the electrode surface for allowing an oxygen-containing gas or a fuel gas as a reactant gas to flow along the electrode surface in a longitudinal direction thereof;wherein a water discharge channel is provided at a lower end of the reactant gas flow field in the direction of gravity for discharging water produced in power generation reaction downward in the direction of gravity; andthe water discharge channel is formed by a corrugated section including a protrusion and a recess formed alternately on a surface where the reactant gas flow field is provided.2. The fuel cell according to claim 1 , wherein a reactant gas discharge passage is provided at a lower position at one end of the metal separator in the longitudinal direction claim 1 , the reactant gas discharge passage being connected to the reactant gas flow field and extending in the ...

Подробнее
03-10-2013 дата публикации

Fuel cell reforming system with carbon dioxide removal

Номер: US20130260268A1
Принадлежит: General Electric Co

A power generation system includes a fuel cell including an anode that generates a tail gas. The system also includes a hydrocarbon fuel reforming system that mixes a hydrocarbon fuel with the fuel cell tail gas and to convert the hydrocarbon fuel and fuel tail gas into a reformed fuel stream including CO 2 . The reforming system further splits the reformed fuel stream into a first portion and a second portion. The system further includes a CO 2 removal system coupled in flow communication with the reforming system. The system also includes a first reformed fuel path coupled to the reforming system. The first path channels the first portion of the reformed fuel stream to an anode inlet. The system further includes a second reformed fuel path coupled to the reforming system. The second path channels the second portion of the reformed fuel stream to the CO 2 removal system.

Подробнее
03-10-2013 дата публикации

EVAPORATIVELY COOLED FUEL CELL SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OPERATING AN EVAPORATIVELY COOLED FUEL CELL SYSTEM

Номер: US20130260273A1
Автор: Scheibert Tobias
Принадлежит:

A fuel cell system () comprises a fuel cell () and an evaporative cooling system (), which is in thermal contact with the fuel cell (), in order that heat generated by the fuel cell () during operation of the fuel cell () is absorbed through evaporation of a cooling medium and is removed from the fuel cell (). The fuel cell system () further comprises a device () for sensing the pressure in the evaporative cooling system (). A control unit () is adapted to control the operating temperature of the fuel cell () in dependence on signals that are supplied to the control unit () from the device () for sensing the pressure in the evaporative cooling system (), in such a way that the cooling medium of the evaporative cooling system () is transferred from the liquid to the gaseous state of matter by the heat generated by the fuel cell () during operation of the fuel cell (). 122-. (canceled)23. An aircraft fuel cell system having one or more components at least partially arranged in a non-pressurized portion of an aircraft in which it is installed , the system comprising:a fuel cell;an evaporative cooling system, which is in thermal contact with the fuel cell, wherein heat generated by the fuel cell during operation of the fuel cell is absorbed through evaporation of a cooling medium and is removed from the fuel cell;a device for sensing the pressure in the evaporative cooling system; anda control unit adjusting an operating temperature of the fuel cell in dependence on signals that are supplied to the control unit from the device for sensing the pressure in the evaporative cooling system to track a pressure-dependent evaporation curve of the cooling medium, wherein evaporation of the cooling medium during ascent and descent of the aircraft, is effected in a wet-steam region of the cooling medium.24. The aircraft fuel cell system according to claim 23 , further comprising a fuel-cell operating-pressure generating system generating a desired pressure in the fuel cell claim ...

Подробнее
03-10-2013 дата публикации

Hybrid Bipolar Plate for Evaporatively Cooled Fuel Cells

Номер: US20130260274A1
Принадлежит:

A fuel cell power plant () has vertical fuel cells () each sharing a half of a hybrid separator plate () which includes a solid fuel flow plate () having horizontal fuel flow channels () on one surface and coolant channels () on an upper portion of the opposite surface, bonded to a plain rear side of a porous, hydrophilic oxidant flow field plate () having vertical oxidant flow channels (). Coolant permeates through the upper portion of the porous, hydrophilic oxidant flow field plates and enters the oxidant flow channels, where it evaporates as the water trickles downward through the oxidant flow field channels, thereby cooling the fuel cell. 1. A fuel cell power plant characterized by:{'b': 37', '102', '101, 'a stack () of vertically disposed fuel cells (), each fuel cell including a membrane electrode assembly () with an electrolyte having cathode and anode catalysts disposed on opposite sides thereof, each membrane electrode assembly being separated from a membrane electrode assembly adjacent thereto in said stack by a hybrid separator plate;'}{'b': 115', '118', '105', '108, 'each of said hybrid separator plates comprising a solid fuel flow field plate () having horizontal fuel reactant gas flow channels () extending inwardly from a first surface thereof, and a porous and hydrophilic oxidant flow field plate () having vertical oxidant flow channels () extending inwardly from a first surface thereof, a second surface of said oxidant flow field plate, opposite to said first surface thereof, bonded to a second surface of said fuel flow field plate which is opposite to said first surface thereof, to form said integral, hybrid separator plate, there being horizontal water passageways adjacent said second surfaces of said plates.'}2. A fuel cell power plant according to further characterized in that:{'b': '108', 'said horizontal water passageways () extend inwardly from an upper end of said second surface of said fuel flow field plate.'}3. A fuel cell power plant ...

Подробнее
10-10-2013 дата публикации

POWER GENERATION SYSTEM AND METHOD OF OPERATING THE SAME

Номер: US20130266881A1
Принадлежит: Panasonic Corporation

A power generation system has a power generation unit (), a casing () accommodating the power generation unit (), a ventilator () configured to ventilate the interior of the casing (), and a first exhaust gas passage () configured to pass therethrough an exhaust gas from the ventilator () which is discharged out of the casing (). The first exhaust gas passage () merges with a second exhaust gas passage () connected to a duct () open to outside air before the second exhaust gas passage () is connected to the duct (), the second exhaust gas passage () being configured to pass a combustion exhaust gas from a combustion device () configured to generate heat to be supplied to a heat load. 1. A power generation system comprising: a power generation unit comprising a fuel cell; a casing accommodating said power generation unit; a ventilator configured to ventilate the interior of said casing; and a first exhaust gas passage configured to pass an exhaust gas from said ventilator which is discharged out of said casing , wherein said first exhaust gas passage merges with a second exhaust gas connected to a duct open to outside air before the second exhaust gas passage is connected to the duct , the second exhaust gas passage being configured to pass a combustion exhaust gas from a combustion device provided external to said casing and configured to generate heat to be supplied to a heat load.2. The power generation system according to claim 1 , further comprising a controller configured to allow said ventilator to operate when the combustion device is performing a combustion operation.3. The power generation system according to claim 2 , wherein said controller controls an operation of said ventilator so that the discharge pressure of said ventilator becomes higher than the pressure of the gas at the merging point.4. The power generation system according to claim 1 , wherein said ventilator operates so that the discharge pressure thereof becomes higher than the pressure of a ...

Подробнее
10-10-2013 дата публикации

FLAT-TUBULAR SOLID OXIDE CELL STACK

Номер: US20130266883A1
Принадлежит: KOREA INSTITUTE OF ENERGY RESEARCH

Disclosed herein is a flat-tubular solid oxide cell stack in which the pathway of chemical reactions is long and the temperature and flow rate of feed gas are maintained at uniform levels, thus the efficiency of electrical energy generation is increased when the cell stack is used as a fuel cell, and the purity of generated gas (hydrogen) is increased when the cell stack is used as a high-temperature electrolyzer. 1. A flat-tubular solid oxide cell stack comprising a plurality of unit cells , each unit cell comprising: an anode including , a first gas flow channel therein; a cathode deposited on an electrolyte layer coated on the anode; and an interconnection material deposited opposite a surface having the cathode deposited thereon ,wherein the unit cell is selected from the group consisting of:(a) a unit cell in which connection holes passing through both sides of the cell, respectively, are formed at portions near both ends of the first-gas flow channel in the thickness direction of the cell and are formed in directions opposite to each other so as to be the first-gas flow channels of the cells adjacent thereto;(b1) a unit cell in which a hole passing through both sides of the cell is formed at a portion near one end of the first-gas flow channel in the thickness direction of the cell, and a connection hole passing through the upper side of the cell is formed at a portion near the other end in the thickness direction of the cell, the connection holes being connected with the first-gas flow channels of the cells adjacent: thereto;(b2) a unit cell in which a hole passing through both sides of the cell is formed at a portion near one end of the first-gas flow channel in the thickness direction of the cell, and a connection hole passing, through the lower side of the cell is formed at a portion near the other end in the thickness direction of the cell, the connection holes being connected with the first-gas flow channels of the cells adjacent thereto; and(c) a unit ...

Подробнее
17-10-2013 дата публикации

FREEZE TOLERANT FUEL CELL FUEL PRESSURE REGULATOR

Номер: US20130273448A1
Принадлежит: UTC Power Corporation

A fuel pressure regulator unit is mounted on a manifold. The fuel pressure regulator unit includes a housing providing a fuel inlet passage, a regulated fuel outlet passage, a sense pressure passage, a recycle passage and a mixed fuel passage. A pressure regulator is provided in the housing and is arranged fluidly between the fuel inlet passage and the regulated fuel outlet passage. The sense passage fluidly interconnects the mixed fuel passage and the pressure regulator. The pressure regulator is configured to regulate the flow of fuel from the fuel inlet passage to regulated fuel passage in response to a pressure from the sense pressure passage. An ejector is arranged within the housing and fluidly between the regulated fuel outlet passage and the mixed fuel passage. An ejector is configured to receive recycled fuel from the recycle passage. 1. A fuel pressure regulator unit for a fuel cell comprising:a housing providing a fuel inlet passage, regulated fuel outlet passage, a sense pressure passage, a recycle passage and a mixed fuel passage;a pressure regulator provided in the housing and arranged fluidly between the fuel inlet passage and the regulated fuel outlet passage, the sense passage fluidly interconnecting the mixed fuel passage and the pressure regulator, and the pressure regulator configured to regulate the flow of fuel from the fuel inlet passage to the regulated fuel passage in response to a pressure from the sense pressure passage; andan ejector arranged within the housing fluidly between the regulated fuel outlet passage and the mixed fuel passage, the ejector configured to receive recycled fuel from the recycle passage.2. The fuel pressure regulator unit according to claim 1 , comprising a heater engaging the fuel pressure regulator unit.3. The fuel pressure regulator unit according to claim 2 , wherein the housing includes a heater cavity claim 2 , and the heater is arranged within the heater cavity.4. The fuel pressure regulator unit according to ...

Подробнее
24-10-2013 дата публикации

Fuel Cell Electricity Production Device and Associated Startup Method

Номер: US20130280630A1
Принадлежит:

An enclosure houses a fuel cell and defines an enclosed volume around the cell and is provided with openings selectively closed off by mobile shutters for regulate of air circulation between the enclosure interior and exterior, the cell being placed in the enclosure on a support floor, wherein the device comprises at least one selective heating member, separate from the cell, placed in the enclosure underneath the floor, and a volume situated under the floor housing the at least one heating member communicates with the volume of the enclosure situated above the floor via at least one passage. 1. A device for producing electricity comprising an enclosure housing within it a fuel cell , the enclosure defining an enclosed volume around the cell and being provided with openings that can be selectively closed off by mobile shutters in order to regulate circulation of air between an inside of the enclosure and an outside of the enclosure , the cell being placed in the enclosure on a support floor , characterized in that the device comprises at least one selective heating member , separate from the cell , placed in the enclosure underneath the floor , and in that a volume situated under the floor housing the at least one heating member communicates with a volume of the enclosure situated above the floor via at least one passage.2. The device of claim 1 , further comprising a lower fan placed under the floor claim 1 , the lower fan being associated with the heating member situated under the floor in order to selectively generate a forced circulation of air between the volume situated under the floor and the volume situated above the floor.3. The device of claim 2 , wherein:the cell comprises a built-in cooling system equipped with at least one cooling fan; andthe at least one cell cooling fan displaces the air above the floor in a first direction.4. The device of claim 3 , wherein the lower fan placed under the floor is oriented in such a way as to displace the air in a ...

Подробнее
24-10-2013 дата публикации

Compact fuel cell system

Номер: US20130280640A1
Принадлежит: United Technologies Corp

An example fuel cell system includes a fuel cell power plant and a tank providing a volume that is configured to hold a fuel cell fluid. The fuel cell power plant is at least partially disposed within the volume.

Подробнее
31-10-2013 дата публикации

Warming feature for aircraft fuel cells

Номер: US20130288082A1
Принадлежит: Hamilton Sundstrand Corp

A system and method for warming a fuel cell on an aircraft, the system includes at least one fuel cell. The fuel cell includes an anode and a cathode for creating thermal and electrical energy. A temperature sensor measures a first temperature of the fuel cell. A control unit is coupled to the temperature sensor. The control unit increases the first temperature to a second temperature in response to the first temperature being at least equal to a selected temperature threshold. Increasing of the first temperature is indicative of the control unit operating in a warming mode. The second temperature is higher than the selected temperature threshold.

Подробнее