СИСТЕМА СПЕКТРАЛЬНОГО СЛОЖЕНИЯ ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ ОПТОВОЛОКОННЫХ ЛАЗЕРОВ

Изобретение относится к технологии ввода света, выходящего из нескольких волоконных лазерных устройств, в один оптический компонент и управлению излучением, выходящим из аналогичных лазерных устройств, и может быть использовано при изготовлении лазерной техники повышенной мощности. Система спектрального сложения излучения оптоволоконных лазеров содержит источники излучения, один из которых является основным и оптически соединен с селективными элементами, которые соединены с дополнительными источниками излучения. Каждый источник излучения снабжен двумя волоконными брэгговскими решетками, одна из которых выполнена высокоотражающей, а другая выходной, при этом ширина спектра отражения высокоотражающей решетки больше, чем ширина спектра выходной. Селективные элементы и волоконные брэгговские решетки снабжены системой термостабилизации, ширина спектра отражения двух решеток основного источника излучения больше, чем ширина спектра отражения двух решеток каждого из дополнительных источников излучения ...

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ОДНОВРЕМЕННОГО СЖАТИЯ И ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ПАРАМЕТРОВ СВЕРХКОРОТКИХ ЛАЗЕРНЫХ ИМПУЛЬСОВ

... 1. Способ определения параметров сверхкоротких лазерных импульсов, содержащий следующие этапы:a) применяют заданные спектральные фазы к импульсу, подлежащему определению параметров для выполнения дисперсионного сканирования;b) применяют к импульсу нелинейный процесс;c) измеряют результирующий сигнал, полученный в результате применения заданных спектральных фаз и нелинейного процесса;d) измеряют линейный спектр импульса, подлежащего определению параметров, или извлекают его из измеренного сигнала;e) к измеренному сигналу и спектру применяют числовой итерационный алгоритм для извлечения спектральной фазы импульса, подлежащего определению параметров.2. Способ по п. 1, в котором числовой итерационный алгоритм включает в себя минимизацию функции ошибок, определенной между измеренным сигналом и сигналом, вычисленным по измеренному спектру и итерационному приближению спектральной фазы импульса, подлежащего определению параметров.3. Способ по п. 2, в котором числовой итерационный алгоритм включает ...

СФЕРИЧЕСКИЙ ЖИДКОКРИСТАЛЛИЧЕСКИЙ ЛАЗЕР

... 1. Жидкокристаллический лазер, образованный из капли жидких кристаллов, причем упомянутая капля содержит активную лазерную среду, которая при стимулировании внешним светом испускает лазерный свет, при этом показатель преломления упомянутой капли модулируется в радиальном направлении капли, образующей оптически отличимые концентрические слои (1), которые действуют как отражатель для лазерного света.2. Лазер по п. 1, в котором капля является сферической и имеет диаметр от нескольких нанометров до 100 микрометров.3. Лазер по п. 1 или 2, в котором капля состоит из хиральных жидких кристаллов (1), которые обладают селективным отражением в области испускания из активной среды.4. Лазер по п. 3, в котором хиральные жидкие кристаллы (1) представляют собой холестерические жидкие кристаллы, смесь нематических жидких кристаллов и хиральной легирующей примеси или любой другой хиральной жидкокристаллической фазы, предпочтительно, голубой фазы, ферроэлектрической фазы, антиферроэлектрической смектической ...

Diodengepumpte Festkörperlaser

Verminderung des optischen Rauschens in einem optischen Faserverstärker

Breitbandiger optischer Verstärker mit aktiver Faser.

Nonlinear crystal

Laser medium, laser medium unit, and laser beam amplification device

Solid state laser apparatus

A slab-shaped laser medium 1, excited by a lamp 2 and cooled by a flow of water 5, is supported at side surfaces 12 by support members 5. Deviations 52 from a smooth plane surface are formed at an inner surface of the support members 5, facing the slab, or at a back surface. The deviations, in the form of grooves or concavities, can be used to control the temperature distribution of the laser medium. They may provide a coolant path, e.g. for a flow of water. The distribution of pitch, area and/or depth of the deviations can be varied in the longitudinal and/or transverse direction of the laser medium 1.

Unstable resonator disk laser

An unstable laser disk resonator for example, a negative 90, or positive branch imaging resonator (NBIR, PBIR) provides a near diffraction limited output laser signal. There is an optical cavity, an optical axis 124 (figure 14), end mirrors disposed at opposite ends of the optical axis and a primary mirror 94 and a feedback mirror 92, which provide unstable resonator oscillation of the laser signal propagating between them. Laser disks D1, D2 (figure 14) are disposed jointly with associated reflective mirrors R1, R2 (figure 14), sequentially along the optical axis. The laser disks and reflective mirrors each have a concave spherical mirror surface which in combination provide one or more 1:1 imaging systems between the feedback mirror 92 and primary mirror 94. Each 1:1 imaging system providing for self imaging of each laser disk signal onto each adjoining laser disk. A method of making an unstable laser disk resonator is also disclosed. The reflective mirrors R1, R2 may also be laser disks ...

Nonlinear crystal

A nonlinear crystal 17 that comprises a first end face 19 and an opposing second end face 20, the first and second end faces being separated along an optical axis 21 of the non linear crystal by a length L in a range of 0.25 mm to 2.5 mm. The nonlinear medium may be formed from formed from BBO (Beta Barium Borate); LBO (Lithium Triborate); Lithium Iodate; Lithium Niobate; Potassium Niobate; KDP (Monopotassium Phosphate); Gallium Selenide; or KTP (Potassium Titanyl Phosphate). The crystal may comprise a brewster cut (figure 3(b)) or right angle cut (figure 3(a)) nonlinear crystal. The crystal may be used in an enhancement cavity frequency doubler (27, figure 4) that comprises a ring cavity defined by four or more mirrors (10, 11, 12, 13, figure 4) in which servo control electronics rotate the nonlinear crystal in response to a wavelength tuning of an input optical field. The crystal may be used in an enhancement cavity frequency mixer. A method of processing a bulk crystal to produce the ...

Solid state laser apparatus and laser machining apparatus

Solid state laser apparatus and laser machining apparatus

REDUCTION OF THE OPTICAL NOISE IN AN OPTICAL FIBER AMPLIFIER

AMPLIFIER FUER TRANSMISSION OF NEWS LINES FROM OPTICAL FIBERS AND TRANSMISSION OF NEWS LINES FROM OPTICAL FIBERS WITH THIS AMPLIFIER.

LASER AMPLIFIER SYSTEM

WIDE-BAND OPTICAL AMPLIFIER WITH ACTIVE FIBER.

LASER OSCILLATOR SYSTEM

Optical sources having a strongly scattering gain medium providing laser-like action

CHIRAL LASER APPARATUS AND METHOD

A chiral laser apparatus (10) comprises a layered structure configured to produce a photonic stop band, the layered structure including an upper chiral material layer (14), a middle excitable light-emitting layer (12), and a lower chiral material layer (16) and an excitation source (22) that, when applied to the layered structure, causes the middle light-emitting layer (12) to emit electromagnetic radiation, such that polarized lasing at a lasing wavelength occurs in a direction perpendicular to the layered structure. The middle light- emitting layer (12) may be configured to produce a defect such that lasing advantageously occurs at a wavelength corresponding to a localized photonic state within the photonic stop band. The excitation source (22) may be an electrical power source connected to the layered structure via two or more electrodes (18, 20).

TWO DIMENSIONAL SCAN AMPLIFIER LASER

The disclosure is directed to a laser amplifier system utilizing a pair of scanning mirrors (28,44) driven in tandem by piezo actuators (29). A low power laser beam (13) is directed between the pair of scanning mirrors (28,44). Each bounce of the laser beam (13) between the mirrors (28,44) discretely increases the power of the beam and changes the angle of exit of the beam from the amplifier providing for precise angular beam exit control.

ACTIVE-FIBER OPTICAL AMPLIFIER AND YTTERBIUM DOPED FIBER THEREFOR

An optical amplifier and an active optical fiber therefor, particularly for optical fiber telecommunications lines, includes an erbium-doped, laser-emission, active optical fiber and a light pumping laser source operating at a predetermined wavelength. The active optical fiber further includes ytterbium as a further dopant, which further dopant exhibits an absorption of light at the emission wavelength of the pumping laser emitter, for example, a commercially available three-level diode-pumped laser of the Nd:YAG type, operating between 900 and 950 nm which is different from the wavelength at which erbium alone can be pumped. The further dopant is adapted to transfer the energy thus absorbed to the erbium contained in the fiber, thereby causing a population inversion thereof adapted to generate a stimulated light emission in the presence of an optical transmission signal. The use of ytterbium in the active fiber enables the achievement of a sufficiently wide spectrum of absorption so that ...

LASER AMPLIFIER

... 2047671 9010964 PCTABS00002 A laser amplifier having an improved pump efficiency for a given pump power comprises a pump source (46) longitudinally coupled at a plurality of coupling points (47, 48, 49) to an optical fibre (41). By thus coupling the pump power into the fibre (41), a fraction of the pump power is applied to the fibre (41) at each of the coupling points (47, 48, 49). A significant improvement in pump efficiency may be achieved in this way.

OPTICAL SOURCES HAVING A STRONGLY SCATTERING GAIN MEDIUM PROVIDING LASER-LIKE ACTION

A gain medium is comprised of a multi-phase system wherein: a first phase is an electromagnetic radiation emission phase; a second phase is an electromagnetic radiation scattering phase; and a third phase is a transpare nt matrix phase. By example, the emission phase may consist of dye molecules, t he scattering phase may consist of high contrast particles, and the matrix phas e may consist of a solvent such as methanol. In some embodiments of this invention the emission and scattering phases may be the same phase, as when semiconductor particles are employed. A smallest dimension of a body compris ed of the gain medium may be less than a scattering length associated with the scattering phase. It is shown that nearly thresholdless laser behavior is observed in strongly scattering optically pumped dye-methanol solutions containing colloidal TiO2 or Al2O3 ruby nanoparticles. The emission from the high gain colloid exhibits a slope change in the linear input-output characteristics above a ...

LASER-OSZILLATOR-VERSTAERKER-KOMBINATION ZUR ERZEUGUNG DES GRUNDMODUS.

Cavité laser

[...][...] LASER.

Optical device of maser

METHOD FOR THE SPECTRAL CONTROL OF THE EMISSION OF A RANDOM LASER

The invention essentially involves controlling the wavelength of the laser action by controlling the diameter and refractive index of the spherical scatterers.

Optical fiber structure for efficient use of pump power

An optical fiber structure for use in gain applications which comprises a core, selectively doped with an active gain species, and an inner cladding surrounding the core, where the inner cladding serves the purpose of receiving multimode pump energy from an external power source, confining this energy, and transferring the energy into the core by means of repeated interactions between the energy and the active dopant within the core as the pump energy propagates along the length of the fiber structure. The cross-sectional shape of the inner cladding is in the form of a non-rectangular, convex polygon so that the propagating pump energy is induced to form an essentially uniform radiation field in which the various radiation modes comprising the pump energy are isotropically distributed.

Crimped rod tube

A laser rod (15) mounted to a laser rod tube (10) by inserting an end of the laser rod (15) into an end portion of a laser rod tube (10). The end portion has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the laser rod (15). One or more seal ring (25) is also inserted into the laser rod tube end portion so as to be disposed between the inner diameter of the laser rod tube end portion and the outer diameter of the laser rod (15). The laser rod tube (10) end portion is swaged to compress the inserted one or more seal rings.

Способ создания композитного лазерного элемента на основе оксидных кристаллов

Использование: для создания композитного лазерного элемента на основе оксидных кристаллов. Сущность изобретения заключается в том, что осуществляют пайку при помощи стекла, содержащего оксиды свинца PbO, бора В2О3, алюминия Al2O3и кремния SiO2, при этом перед пайкой производят наплавку стекла при температуре 530-620°С на контактирующие поверхности с последующим охлаждением для соединения кристаллов в композитный лазерный элемент, при этом пайку осуществляют при температуре 550-700°С, удельном давлении 15-40 кг/см2, в течение 10-45 минут, стекло дополнительно содержит оксид цинка ZnO при следующем соотношении компонентов, мас.%: PbO - 61,5-64,3; B2O3- 19,4-17,3; SiO2- 5,8-7,4; Al2O3- 7,05-5,5; ZnO - 5,95-5,05. Технический результат: уменьшение температуры пайки композиционного активного элемента в атмосфере воздуха. 2 табл.

ИМПУЛЬСНЫЙ ЛАЗЕРНЫЙ АППАРАТ, СПОСОБ ДЛЯ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ГЛАДКОЙ АБЛЯЦИИ ВЕЩЕСТВА, ЛАЗЕРНЫЙ АППАРАТ И СПОСОБ РОГОВИЧНОЙ ХИРУРГИИ

Изобретение применяется главным образом в удалении органических веществ и человеческой роговицы в частности. В изобретении применяется лазерный источник, который имеет характеристику обеспечения малой глубины удаления (0,2 мкм или менее на лазерный импульс) и низкий порог плотности абляционной энергии (менее чем или равный примерно 10 мДж/см) для достижения оптически гладких роговичных поверхностей удаления. Предпочтительный вариант лазера включает лазер 102, излучающий приблизительно 100-50000 лазерных импульсов в секунду, длиной волны около 198-300 нм и длительностью импульса около 1-5000 пикосекунд. Каждый лазерный импульс направляется высокоуправляемой сканирующей лазерной системой 104.

Лазерное устройство

Verfahren zur Identifizierung eines Objektes und ein Objekt, das durch ein solches Verfahren identifizierbar ist

Optischer Verstaerker

Laser apparatus

Laser medium, laser medium unit, and laser beam amplification device

Solid state laser apparatus and laser machining apparatus

Laser amplification apparatus, laser apparatus, and laser nuclear fusion reactor

Cladding glass for solid-state lasers

APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A LASER BEAM.

Methods and devices for using photorefractive materials at infrared wavelengths

METHOD FOR PRODUCING AND OPERATING A SOLID POLYMER LASER MEDIUM AND ARRANGEMENT FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION THEREOF IN A LIGHT AMPLIFICATION STRUCTURE

ELECTRICALLY PUMPED BROADLY TUNABLE MID-INFRARED LASERS BASED ON QUANTUM CONFINED TRANSITION METAL DOPED SEMICONDUCTORS

Electrically pumped mid-IR semiconductor lasers that are operable at room temperature and possess a range of tunability up to 1100 nm, which constitutes a revolutionary (1-2 orders of magnitude) improvement in the range of tunability over existing semiconductor laser technology utilizing Doped quantum confined host material (DQCH) with characteristic spatial dimension of the confinement tuned to enable the overlap of the discrete levels of the host and impurity ions and efficient energy transfer from the separated host carriers to the impurity, wherein: said DQCH material has the formula TM:MeZ and/or MeX2Z4, wherein Me is selected from the group consisting of Zn, Cd, Ca, Mg, Sr, Ba, Hg, Pb, Cu, Al, Ga, In; Z is selected from the group consisting of S, Se, Te, O, N, P, As, Sb and their mixtures; X being selected from the group consisting of Ga, In, and Al; and TM is selected from the group consisting from V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni.

MICROCHIP LASER OSCILLATOR DEVICE

METHODS AND DEVICES FOR USING PHOTOREFRACTIVE MATERIALS AT INFRARED WAVELENGTHS

A method of writing plane holographic gratings Bragg-matched for reflection in the infrared in a photorefractive material using shorter wavelength light through a face perpendicular to the grating planes. The writing beam wavelength is selected to be within the photorefractive sensitivity range of the crystal and the angles are chosen relative to the wavelength to define a reflection grating with a period such that counter-propagating reflection occurs at the desired IR wavelength. For reflection gratings at different wavelengths, either the transmission or the reflection mode geometry may be used. In the transmission mode, the writing beams are incident on the same side face while in the reflection made the writing is on opposite faces in an off-axis (non-counter-propagating) configuration. Anti-reflection coatings of the appropriate wavelengths are used on the crystal surfaces to reduce reflection losses and improve the diffraction efficiency of the grating.

Laser with gain medium configured to provide an integrated optical pump cavity

An optically-pumped laser having a gain medium configured to provide a low loss, three-dimensional integrated optical pump cavity that substantially confines optical pump radiation within the lasing volume, which is particularly useful for efficiently pumping solid state gain media that has low pump dopant concentration. The integrated pump cavity includes a plurality of boundaries contiguous with the gain medium. An optical pump source such as a laser diode array supplies optical pump radiation that is input into the gain medium through one or more pump cavity windows with a propagation direction transverse to a laser axis defined through the gain medium. In some embodiments, an optical surface is situated opposite the window to approximately recollimate the input pump radiation. The optical pump cavity may be designed to concentrate the optical pump radiation and approximately uniformly pump the entire volume of the lasing medium. In one such embodiment, the pump cavity includes opposing ...

Methods, systems, and apparatus for high energy optical-pulse amplification at high average power

An inventive composite optical gain medium capable includes a thin-disk gain layer bonded to an index-matched cap. The gain medium's surface is shaped like a paraboloid frustum or other truncated surface of revolution. The gain medium may be cryogenically cooled and optically pumped to provide optical gain for a pulsed laser beam. Photons emitted spontaneously in the gain layer reflect off or refract through the curved surface and out of the gain medium, reducing amplified spontaneous emission (ASE). This reduces limits on stored energy and gain imposed by ASE, enabling higher average powers (e.g., 100-10,000 Watts). Operating at cryogenic temperatures reduces thermal distortion caused by thermo-mechanical surface deformations and thermo-optic index variations in the gain medium. This facilitates the use of the gain medium in an image-relayed, multi-pass architecture for smoothed extraction and further increases in peak pulse energy (e.g., to 1-100 Joules).

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PARITY-TIME SYMMETRIC OPTICS AND NONRECIPROCAL LIGHT TRANSMISSION

A method and system for optical systems based on parity-time symmetry and its breaking, and for nonreciprocal light transmission in a parity-time symmetric micro-resonator system are provided. The system includes an optical assembly that includes a first dissipative optical system and a second optical system coupled in energy transfer communication with the first optical system. The second optical system is configured to receive a continuous flow of energy from an external source and to transfer energy to the first optical system through the couple wherein the energy transferred to the first optical system from the second optical system is approximately equal to the energy dissipated in the first optical system, where the energy transferred to the first optical system from the second optical system is selectable using at least one of an amount of couple between the first optical system and the second optical system and a gain of the second optical system.

Multiwavelength laser for illumination of photo-dynamic therapy drugs

An apparatus and method are provided for converting a pump laser beam having a first wavelength to an output beam of a second wavelength. The wavelength conversion device includes a solid medium impregnated with dye laser which is rotated at a speed which is slow enough to allow the dye material to lase and fast enough to reduce thermally induced optical aberrations and triplet state absorption. The medium and method provide a variety of output laser wavelengths suitable for treating diseases of the eye. In the preferred embodiment, the medium has the dimensions of a standard compact disk.

MICROCHIP LASER WITH CONTROLLABLE BEAM DIRECTION

PURPOSE: To provide a microchip laser with the controllable beam direction whose direction of beam can be freely controlled at low cost and by a simple structure. CONSTITUTION: The subject microchip laser is constituted of a resonance cavity having a solid-state amplifier medium 1, an incident mirror 2 and an emission mirror 3, an optical means 5 which is provided in the cavity and is constituted of a saturation absorbing thin film and emits at least one pumping beam from the amplifier medium, a means for changing the direction of the pumping beam in the amplifier medium, and a cavity which, having a geometrical shape, generates a laser beam regardless of the direction of the pumping beam. COPYRIGHT: (C)1995,JPO ...

ЛАЗЕРНЫЙ АКТИВНЫЙ ЭЛЕМЕНТ

Изобретение относится к области лазерной техники. Лазерный активный элемент состоит как минимум из четырех слоев, в которых в особом порядке расположены области, легированные ионами активной примеси, отделенные друг от друга областью нелегированной активной примеси. Размер легированных областей и порядок их расположения в слоях выбирается из условий, чтобы при рабочем уровне накачки активного элемента максимальный размер связной легированной области был меньше длины развития суперлюминесценции, а легированные области в проекции на плоскость, перпендикулярной оптической оси, вдоль которой формируется лазерное излучение активного элемента, равномерно и полностью заполняли рабочую область. Техническим результатом изобретения является повышение средней и импульсной мощности лазерного излучения, уменьшение оптических искажений, возникающих в активном элементе при мощной импульсной накачке. 1 з.п. ф-лы, 2 ил.

СТЕКЛО КЛАДИНГА ДЛЯ ТВЕРДОТЕЛЬНЫХ ЛАЗЕРОВ

ОПТОВОЛОКОННАЯ СТРУКТУРА ДЛЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОГО ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ НАКАЧКИ, ОПТИЧЕСКАЯ СИСТЕМА УСИЛЕНИЯ ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ НАКАЧКИ И ОПТОВОЛОКОННАЯ СТРУКТУРА ДЛЯ УСИЛЕНИЯ ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ НАКАЧКИ

Изобретение относится к волоконной оптике. Оптоволоконная структура для усиления излучения состоит по крайней мере из одной сердцевины, селективно легированной активными усиливающими излучение частицами, и окружающей сердцевину внутренней оболочки, которая служит для приема энергии многомодового излучения накачки от внешнего источника, ее локализации и передачи в сердцевину посредством многократного взаимодействия с активными частицами сердцевины по мере распространения излучения накачки вдоль оптического волокна. Поперечное сечение внутренней оболочки представляет собой непрямоугольный выпуклый многоугольник. В сердцевине формируется практически однородное поле излучения с изотопным распределением несущих энергию накачки различных мод излучения. Технический результат изобретения - создание оптического волокна с оптимальной эффективностью передачи излучения. 6 c. и 26 з.п. ф-лы, 13 ил.

Твердотельный усилитель лазерного излучения с высокой средней мощностью и хорошим качеством выходного пучка

Использование: для усиления непрерывного или импульсно-периодического лазерного излучения до большой (десятки ватт) средней мощности. Сущность изобретения заключается в том, что твердотельный усилитель лазерного излучения включает твердотельный активный элемент, выполненный в виде прямоугольного параллелепипеда с двумя торцевыми гранями, служащими для ввода излучения в твердотельный активный элемент и вывода излучения из твердотельного активного элемента, и с четырьмя боковыми гранями, систему охлаждения твердотельного активного элемента, по крайней мере, один источник излучения накачки, оптическую систему для заведения излучения накачки в твердотельный активный элемент, расположенную таким образом, что излучение накачки проводится сквозь твердотельный активный элемент параллельно его боковым граням, причем диаметр пучка излучения накачки, по крайней мере, в три раза меньше, чем наименьший размер торцевой грани, оптическую систему для заведения усиливаемого лазерного излучения в твердотельный ...

Solid state laser apparatus

A slab-shaped laser medium 1, excited by a lamp 2 and cooled by a flow of water 5, is supported at side surfaces 12 by support members 5. Deviations 52 from a smooth plane surface are formed at an inner surface of the support members 5, facing the slab, or at a back surface. The deviations, in the form of grooves or concavities, can be used to control the temperature distribution of the laser medium. They may provide a coolant path, e.g. for a flow of water. The distribution of pitch, area and/or depth of the deviations can be varied in the longitudinal and/or transverse direction of the laser medium 1.

Multi-output harmonic laser and methods employing same

A solid-state laser (10a) has a laser resonator (20a) with output ports (22a1, 22b1) at both ends to provide two separate laser micromachining beams (42a1, 42b1). A set of wavelength converters (26a1, 26b1) can be employed to convert the laser mino-machining beams to harmonic wavelength outputs, thus reducing the risk of damage to the wavelength converters and enabling higher total average harmonic c power to be generated from a single laser. The laser mino-machining beams can be different to perform different laser operations independently or can be adapted to have substantially identical parameters to permit simultaneous parallel high-quality laser operations on substantially identical workpieces (54), or the laser micro-machining beams can be combined to provide a single laser system output (42e). The two laser machining beams can be further split or multiplexed to suit particular applications.

Multi-output harmonic laser and methods employing same

Solid state laser apparatus

DEVICE FOR CORNEA/CALLOSITY SURGERY

Laser apparatus

LASER AMPLIFIER

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS COMPRESSION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ULTRASHORT LASER PULSES

The present invention relates to a method and a device for the simultaneous compression and characterization of ultrashort laser pulses. An embodiment of the method comprises applying predetermined spectral phases to the pulse to be characterized so as to perform a dispersion scan; applying a nonlinear process to the pulse to be characterized; measuring the resulting signal from the application of the predetermined spectral phases and nonlinear process; applying a numerical iterative algorithm to the measured signal to retrieve the spectral phase of the pulse to be characterized. A few cycle laser pulse may be negatively chirped with a pair of DCM, the controlable amount of positive dispersion may be provided by a pair of glass wedges, one of them being translated for dispersion or phase control, and the frequency spectrum may be measured as well as also frequency resolved the dispersion dependent second-harmonic of the signal being phase modulated.

ELECTRICALLY PUMPED BROADLY TUNABLE MID-INFRARED LASERS BASED ON QUANTUM CONFINED TRANSITION METAL DOPED SEMICONDUCTORS

CORNEAL SURGERY DEVICE AND METHOD

A laser-based method and apparatus for corneal surgery. The present invention is intended to be applied primarily to ablate organic materials, and human cornea in particular. The invention uses a laser source which has the characteristics of providing a shallow ablation depth (0.2 microns or less per laser pulse), and a low ablation energy density threshold (less than or equal to about 10 mJ/cm2), to achieve optically smooth ablated corneal surfaces. The preferred laser in- cludes a laser (102) emitting approximately 100-50,000 laser pulses per second, with a wavelength of about 198-300 nm and a pulse du- ration of about 1-5,000 picoseconds. Each laser pulse is directed by a highly controllable laser scanning system (104).

AMPLIFIER FOR OPTICAL FIBER TELECOMMUNICATION LINES AND OPTICAL FIBER TELECOMMUNICATION LINES INCORPORATING SAID AMPLIFIER

An optical amplifier (3) in accordance with the invention consists of the assembly of a length of active-core optical fiber (8), single-mode to both pumping and signal optical radiations, and a dichroic coupler (6) which includes two optical fiber lengths (9, 10), both single-mode to pumping and signal optical radiations, coupled to each other over one portion (11) by fusion of the respective claddings and substantial setting in common of the respective cores in the fused portion (11).

OPTICAL DEVICE Of AMPLIFICATION

AMPLIFIER FOR LASER

OPTICAL DEVICE Of AMPLIFICATION

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'amplification optique comprenant un milieu amplificateur (m) insérés entre deux miroirs (M1 ) et (M2 ), et une source de pompage optique (P). Les miroirs (M1 ) et (M2 ) sont des miroirs confocaux dont le plan focal est situé au voisinage du centre du milieu non linéaire. Ce milieu (m) possède une forme de type allumette présentant un grand axe selon une direction (Dx ) faisant un angle ( alpha/2) avec l'axe optique de la cavité définie par les deux miroirs et le milieu amplificateur. Cette architecture permet le multipassage d'une onde optique incidente au sein du dispositif d'amplification conduisant à une augmentation des performances dudit dispositif.

Active element for laser source, has different crystals presenting low doping at upstream face of elongated core, and absorption unit arranged in core periphery for absorbing any radiation presenting wavelength of laser radiation

... - L'élément actif (1) comporte un barreau allongé (2) qui comprend une matrice dopée susceptible d'absorber au moins un faisceau de pompage (3) entrant à une face amont (11), pour amplifier au moins un rayonnement laser (4) se propageant longitudinalement, cet élément actif (1) est formé d'au moins un matériau (13, 14) présentant une variation longitudinale de dopage avec le dopage le plus faible, qui est limité à une valeur prédéterminée, au niveau de ladite face amont (11), et ledit élément actif (1) comporte, de plus, un moyen d'absorption (12) qui est agencé à la périphérie du barreau (2) et qui est formé de manière à absorber tout rayonnement présentant la longueur d'onde du rayonnement laser (4).

Fiber femtosecond laser oscillator with fast and wide range repetition rate scanningby using dual chirped fiber Bragg grating

... 본 발명은 처프 광섬유 브래그 격자 쌍을 이용한 광대역 고속 반복률 주사 광섬유 펨토초 레이저 공진기에 관한 것으로, 광섬유 펨토초 레이저 공진기이며, 상기 펨토초 레이저 공진기는 광섬유 기반의 부품으로 구성된 레이저 공진기로 구성되고, 모드 잠금을 구현하는 광섬유 기반의 포호흡수체 모드잠금부, 비선형 편광 회전 모드잠금부 및 상기 펨토초 레이저 공진기의 반복률을 조절하기 위한 반복률 주사부를 포함하여 구성된다. 또한, 상기 광섬유 펨토초 레이저 공진기는, 링타입(Ring-type)의 광섬유 공진기이며 링캐비티(Ring cavity) 구조를 가지며, 공진기의 이득 매질을 구현하는 희토류 첨가 광섬유, 이득 매질의 흡수 광 파장에 해당하는 광을 출력하는 다이오드 레이저, 상기 다이오드 레이저에서 발진된 광을 희토류 첨가 광섬유로 입사시켜주는 파장 분할 다중화기, 비선형 편광 회전에서 커 미디움(Kerr medium)을 담당하는 단일모드광섬유, 상기 공진기 내 생성된 펄스를 단방향으로 진행시키는 광잡음을 줄여주는 광섬유 아이솔레이터, 공진기 반복률의 안정화를 위한 피에조 소자(PZT) 및 출력단을 구성하는 광커플러를 포함하여 구성된다.

HIGH POWER THREE-DIMENSIONAL LASER AMPLIFIER

The invention refers to a high power three-dimensional laser amplifier, capable to cover the whole range of wavelengths from ultraviolet to visible. It actually represents a non-linear three-dimensional physico-optic and quantum system, into which multiple phenomena of quantum physics, electrodynamics and chromodynamics take place, in the interaction of which there are permanently preserved certain relations between the parametric values that define its input magnitude and its output magnitude. The output is obtained by multiplying a number, by "n" times with itself and with the input. The system is made up of an amplifier device of nth order for the radiation of the free electrons in the active medium, included into its resonant optic cavity, made up of four surfaces spherical in shape, symmetrically and three-dimensionally coupled one to the other following four axes and presenting the same curvature radius, into which the passing of the incident radiation is accompanied by multiple interaction ...

PRESSURE CONNECTED ROD TUBE

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable a joint which can be kept effective for a long term and is leakproof to be formed between a laser rod and a laser tube. SOLUTION: An end of a laser rod 15 is inserted into an end portion of a laser rod tube 10, so that the laser rod 15 is mounted in the laser rod tube 10. The end portion of the laser rod tube 10 has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the laser rod 15. One or more seal rings are also inserted into the laser rod tube portion so as to be disposed between the inner diameter of the laser rod tube end portion and the outer diameter of the laser rod. The end portion of the laser rod tube is swaged so as to compress the inserted one or more seal rings. COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO ...

СФЕРИЧЕСКИЙ ЖИДКОКРИСТАЛЛИЧЕСКИЙ ЛАЗЕР

Решение относится к источнику лазерного излучения, в качестве резонатора которого используется капля из хиральных жидких кристаллов. Источник имеет форму сферической капли. Причём в капле существует диспергированная активная среда. Капля состоит из хиральных жидких кристаллов, которые обладают свойством селективного отражения в диапазоне испускания активной среды. Технический результат заключается в обеспечении возможности использования капель холестерических жидких кристаллов в качестве оптического 3D микрорезонатора брэгговского типа. 4 н. и 16 з.п. ф-лы, 13 ил.

СТЕКЛО КЛАДИНГА ДЛЯ ТВЕРДОТЕЛЬНЫХ ЛАЗЕРОВ

Лазерный компонент содержит a) активный элемент, содержащий легированный сапфир, и b) стекло кладинга, помещенное на упомянутый активный элемент, которое в случае толщины 1 мм в диапазоне длин волн от 750 нм до 850 нм имеет внутренний коэффициент пропускания не более 0,8, причем для излучения в диапазоне длин волн от 750 нм до 850 нм необыкновенный показатель преломления легированного сапфира и показатель преломления стекла кладинга отличаются друг от друга не более чем на 0,05. Способ получения лазерного компонента включает обеспечение легированного сапфира, обеспечение стекла кладинга и расположение стекла кладинга на легированном сапфире. Технический результат – повышение эффективности за счет подавления паразитного излучения в видимом диапазоне. 4 н. и 10 з.п. ф-лы, 4 ил., 6 табл.

Festkörperlaser mit Kühleinrichtung

Cladding glass for solid-state lasers

A laser component comprising cladding glass 2 placed on a core containing doped sapphire 3. For wavelengths between 750-850nm, preferably 700-900nm, cladding glass of 1mm thickness has an internal transmission of at most 0.8, preferably at most 0.2, and the extraordinary refractive index of the doped sapphire and the refractive index of the cladding glass differ by at most 0.05, preferably at most 0.02. The dopants may be titanium, chromium, iron or vanadium. In a temperature range of -30°C to 70°C the mean coefficients of linear longitudinal thermal expansion of the sapphire and the glass may differ by at most 0.5x10-6K-1. The glass preferably comprises at least SiO2, B2O3 and La2O3, and may have a thickness of 0.05-100mm. The glass may be roughened on at least one side area and comprise a coating. The glass may be arranged on the sapphire by optical contact bonding. A glass with a refractive index of at least 1.70 and a composition comprising at least SiO2, B2O3 and La2O3, preferably ...

Intracavity electro optic modulator (EOM)

An electro-optic modulator (EOM) (1, figure 1), and a method of producing such, suitable for altering an optical path length of an optical field 21, the EOM comprises: a first Brewster-angle cut nonlinear crystal 16 having a first optical axis 22; a second Brewster-angle cut nonlinear crystal 17 having a second optical axis 22; wherein, the first and second optical axes are orientated relative to each other such that when the optical field 21 propagates through the first and second crystals it experiences no overall deviation; the two non-linear crystals are orientated relative to each other such that the light output axis of the first crystal is coincident with the light input axis of the second crystal and the first and second Brewster-angle cut nonlinear crystals are arranged to be opposite handed relative to the optical field; light enters, and exits, the two crystals via different polished faces 18, 19. The EOM may comprise a mounting apparatus (figure 4) for locating the crystals.

LASER AMPLIFIER

Intracavity electro optic modulator (EOM)

LASER AMPLIFIER

APPARATUS FOR DELIVERING A LASER BEAM

Multiwavelength laser for illumination of photo-dynamic therapy drugs

LASER AMPLIFIER

Micro-cavity laser

ELECTRO-OPTIC MODULATOR

An electro-optic modulator (EOM) for altering an optical path length of an optical field is described. The EOM comprises first and second Brewster-angle cut nonlinear crystals having a first and second optical axis. The optical axes are orientated relative to each other such that when an optical field propagates through the nonlinear crystals it experiences no overall deviation. The nonlinear crystals are also arranged to be opposite handed relative to the optical field. The EOM has the advantage that its optical losses are lower when compared with those EOMs known in the art. In addition, the EOM can be inserted into, or removed from, an optical system without any deviation being imparted onto the optical field. This reduces the levels of skill and effort required on the part of an operator. The described method and apparatus for mounting the nonlinear crystals also suppresses problematic piezo-electric resonances within the nonlinear crystals.

NONLINEAR CRYSTAL

A nonlinear crystal comprising a first end face and an opposing second end face is described. The first and second end faces are separated along an optical axis of the nonlinear crystal by a length in the range of 0.25 mm and 2 mm. Although the length of the nonlinear crystal results in a reduction in the nonlinear effects induced on an optical field propagating through the crystal it also provides for reduced deviation experienced by the generated optical field when the nonlinear crystal is rotated. Therefore, when the nonlinear crystals are incorporated within an enhancement cavity their reduced length allows for the deviation of the output field to be minimised by servo control electronics arranged to adjust a single cavity mirror. This significantly reduces the complexity, and thus expensive of the servo control electronics when compared to those employed with the prior art enhancement cavities.

OPTICAL FIBER STRUCTURE FOR EFFICIENT USE OF PUMP POWER

An optical fiber (130) structure for use in gain applications which comprises at least one core (134), selectively doped with an active gain species, and an inner cladding (132) surrounding the core, where the inner cladding serves the purpose of receiving multimode pump energy from an external power source, confining this energy, and transferring the energy into the core by means of repeated interactions between the energy and the active dopant within the core as the pump energy propagates along the length of the fiber structure. The cross-sectional shape of the inner cladding is in the form of a nonrectangular, convex polygon so that the propagating pump energy is induced to form an essentially uniform radiation field in which the various radiation modes comprising the pump energy are isotropically distributed.

AMPLIFYING OPTICAL FIBRE AMPLIFIER

Amplificateur à fibre optique amplificatrice L'invention concerne un amplificateur à fibre optique amplificatrice, l'amplificateur comportant des moyens de réduction du bruit optique dû à l'émission spontanée amplifiée, ces moyens étant insérés dans la longueur de la fibre optique amplificatrice, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens comprennent un isolateur optique (5). FIGURE A PUBLIER : FIG. 1 ...

LASER AND AN AMPLIFIER

An 850 nm laser and/or amplifier comprises a single mode fluoro-zirconate optical fibre (20) doped with Er3+. CW operation of the normally self-terminating lasing transition 4S3/2 to 4I13/2 is achieved by applying excitation energy at 801 nm which both maintains a population inversion between the lasing levels and also populates the upper lasing level by a twostage process of excitation to the 4I9/2 level from the 4I15/2 ground state and then to 2H9/2 level by ESA.

Optical Fiber and Amplifier with a Samarium-Erbium Doped Active Fiber

OPTICAL FIBER AND AMPLIFIER WITH A SAMARIUM-ERBIUM DOPED ACTIVE FIBER

An optical fiber and an optical amplifier, in particular for optical fiber telecommunication lines operating with a transmission signal in a predetermined wavelength range. The amplifier comprises laser emitting active optical fiber doped with erbium and a further doping substance, distributed along the fiber. The further doping substance has an absorption for a light having a wavelength lower than 1,540 nm substantially higher than the absorption that the further doping substance shows for a light having a wavelength varying from 1,540 nm to the upper limit of the predetermined wavelength range of the transmission signal. Preferably, the further doping substance is samarium. Samarium contained in the fiber is capable of absorbing the spontaneous erbium emission, which would constitute a noise source, thereby allowing a communication signal to be amplified in a wavelength range corresponding substantially to the tolerance range of the commercially available laser light emitters used as ...

STIMULATED EMISSION RADIATION SOURCE WITH ADJUSTABLE WAVELENGTH

ADJUSTABLE WAVELENGTH OPTICAL SOURCE USING THE SIMULATED EMISSION EFFECT

Matter for optical maser

LASER CAVITIES

Method for detecting presence of structure within object using strongly scattering gain medium providing laser-like action

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ОДНОВРЕМЕННОГО СЖАТИЯ И ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ПАРАМЕТРОВ СВЕРХКОРОТКИХ ЛАЗЕРНЫХ ИМПУЛЬСОВ

Изобретение относится к области лазерной техники и касается способа одновременного сжатия и определения параметров сверхкоротких лазерных импульсов. Способ включает в себя применение к лазерному импульсу набора заданных спектральных фаз для выполнения дисперсионного сканирования таким образом, чтобы при сканировании длительность импульса пересекала минимум. Для каждой спектральной фазы применяют к лазерному импульсу нелинейный процесс и получают двумерную кривую регистограммы дисперсионного сканирования путем измерения спектров сигнала, полученного в нелинейном процессе в зависимости от примененных спектральных фаз. Измеряют линейный спектр лазерного импульса или извлекают его из измеренного сигнала регистограммы дисперсионного сканирования и извлекают неизвестную спектральную фазу сверхкороткого лазерного импульса путем минимизации функции ошибки с использованием числового итерационного алгоритма. Сжатие лазерного импульса осуществляют путем применения спектральной фазы, для которой импульс ...

Генератор ультракоротких импульсов с высокой частотой следования

Полезная модель относится к лазерной технике, в частности к волоконным лазерам. Данная полезная модель предлагает усовершенствование схемы генераторов ультракоротких лазерных импульсов, основанных на использовании эффекта модуляционной неустойчивости в неоднородных нелинейных волоконных световодах. Использование каскада из двух секций волокна - с постоянной по длине аномальной дисперсией групповых скоростей и волокна с дисперсией, убывающей по модулю вдоль волокна, позволяет добиться генерации последовательности импульсов с меньшей длительностью и более высокой пиковой мощностью по сравнению с односекционными световодами как с постоянной, так и с убывающей дисперсией. В результате, генерируемые каскадным волоконным световодом последовательности импульсов обладают более высокой пиковой мощностью и меньшей длительностью по сравнению с последовательностями импульсов, реализуемых генераторами на основе как однородных, так и неоднородных односекционных световодов, работающих в режиме вынужденной модуляционной неустойчивости. Ц 1 175891 ко РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ 19 11 сте за 13 ВУ” 175 894294 (51) МПК ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ НО1$ 3/067 (2006.01) (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК НО!$ 3/067 (2006.01) (21)(22) Заявка: 2017127878, 03.08.2017 (72) Автор(ы): Золотовский Игорь Олегович (КП), (24) р чала отсчета срока действия патента: Лапин Виктор Анатольевич (ВП), о Семенцов Дмитрий Игоревич (КО), Дата регистрации: Фотиади Андрей Александрович (КП) 21.12.2017 (73) Патентообладатель(и): Приоритет(ь): федеральное государственное бюджетное (22) Дата подачи заявки: 03.08.2017 (45) Опубликовано: 21.12.2017 Бюл. № 36 Адрес для переписки: 432017, г. Ульяновск, ул. Л. Толстого, 42, Ульяновский государственный университет, проректору по НР и ИТ Голованову В.Н. образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ульяновский государственный университет" (КП) (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: КО 163141 91, 10.07.2016. ВЧ 155817 ...

Лазерный генератор импульсов широкого спектра

Полезная модель относится к лазерной технике, в частности к волоконным лазерам. Лазерный генератор импульсов широкого спектра состоит из источника накачки и кольцевого резонатора, образованного устройством ввода излучения накачки, активным волокном с нормальной дисперсией, легированным ионами редкоземельных элементов, оптическим изолятором, насыщающимся поглотителем, одномодовым волокном-модулятором, устройством вывода излучения и спектральным фильтром. При этом волокно-модулятор обладает аномальной дисперсией, модуль которой уменьшается по длине по экспоненциальному закону. Технический результат заключается в обеспечении возможности увеличения ширины спектра выходного импульса, за счёт повышения эффективности нелинейной фазовой самомодуляции в волокне-модуляторе. 2 ил. Ц 1 175897 ко РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) (11) зе га за (13) (51) МПК НО1$ 3/067 (2006.01) НО1$ 3/083 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК НО/5$ 306791 (20/1/02) (21)(22) Заявка: 2016143481, 03.11.2016 (72) Автор(ы): (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 03.11.2016 Дата регистрации: 22.12.2017 Приоритет(ь): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 03.11.2016 (45) Опубликовано: 22.12.2017 Бюл. № 36 Адрес для переписки: 432017, г. Ульяновск, ул. Л. Толстого, 42, Ульяновский государственный университет, проректору по НР и ИТ Голованову В.Н. Золотовский Игорь Олегович (КП), Лапин Виктор Анатольевич (КО), Семенцов Дмитрий Игоревич (КО), Фотиади Андрей Александрович (КП) (73) Патентообладатель(и): федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ульяновский государственный университет" (КП) (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: О... КасВаг4зоп е{ а|. "Репод1саПу атрИЯед зузет Базед оп 105$ сотрепза п? Чзрегз1оп 4есгеазше Нбге", Еесгошсз ГеЦетсз, у01.32, 1551е 4, 15.02.1996, стр. 373-374. Ц 6204960 В1, 20.03.2001. ВО 118767 91, 27.02.2012. \О 0033114 А2, 08.06.2000. (54) Лазерный ...

Линейный резонатор волоконного лазера dbr

Полезная модель относится к лазерной технике, в частности, к волоконным лазерам с линейным резонатором в конфигурации DBR. Линейный резонатор волоконного лазера DBR содержит заполненный вязкой жидкостью корпус, внутри которого размещены пьезокерамический преобразователь и оптоволокно. При этом корпус выполнен в форме параллелепипеда из твердого материала с высокой теплопроводностью, между корпусом и пьезокерамическим преобразователем размещен сэндвич из не менее одного слоя вибродемпфирующего материала, пьезокерамический преобразователь жестко соединен с находящимся под натяжением отрезком оптоволокна с нанесенной на него узкополосной брэгговской решеткой, а свободный подводящий к резонатору участок оптоволокна зафиксирован в отверстиях корпуса. 9. Техническим результатом предлагаемого решения является повышение стабильности излучения лазера. 5 з.п. ф-лы, 1 ил. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 197 439 U1 (51) МПК G02B 6/02 (2006.01) H01S 3/06 (2006.01) H01S 5/125 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК G02B 6/022 (2020.02); H01S 5/125 (2020.02); H01S 3/067 (2020.02) (21)(22) Заявка: 2020100884, 14.01.2020 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 27.04.2020 Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 14.01.2020 (45) Опубликовано: 27.04.2020 Бюл. № 12 1 9 7 4 3 9 R U (54) ЛИНЕЙНЫЙ РЕЗОНАТОР ВОЛОКОННОГО ЛАЗЕРА DBR (57) Реферат: Полезная модель относится к лазерной вибродемпфирующего материала, технике, в частности, к волоконным лазерам с пьезокерамический преобразователь жестко линейным резонатором в конфигурации DBR. соединен с находящимся под натяжением Линейный резонатор волоконного лазера DBR отрезком оптоволокна с нанесенной на него содержит заполненный вязкой жидкостью корпус, узкополосной брэгговской решеткой, а внутри которого размещены пьезокерамический свободный подводящий к резонатору участок преобразователь и оптоволокно. При этом корпус оптоволокна зафиксирован в отверстиях ...

Optical amplifier and transmission loss measurement method

An optical amplifier that amplifies signal light with Raman amplification in the Raman amplification medium. The optical amplifier includes a light source that supplies pump light into the Raman amplification medium, a first detector that detects input power of the pump light to be input to the Raman amplification medium, a second detector that detects output power of the pump light output from the Raman amplification medium, and a processor operable to calculate transmission loss of the pump light in the Raman amplification medium by comparing the input power with the output power, and calculate transmission loss of the signal light in the Raman amplification medium based on the transmission loss of pump light corrected based on a wavelength of the signal light and a wavelength of the pump light.

Determining the Degradation and/or Efficiency of Laser Modules

A method for monitoring a laser system including a plurality of laser modules connected in series, there being connected in parallel to each laser module a bypass arrangement for bridging the corresponding laser module, includes determining a first laser power of the laser system with a plurality of laser modules operational; activating the bypass arrangement of at least one laser module so that at least one of the plurality of laser modules is bypassed; determining a second laser power of the laser system with the at least one of the plurality of laser modules bypassed; and monitoring the laser system based on a difference between the first and second laser power.

Single longitudinal mode fiber laser apparatus

The present invention provides a single frequency fiber laser apparatus. The fiber laser apparatus includes a Faraday rotator mirror. A piece of erbium doped fiber is inside the laser cavity. A wavelength selective coupler is connected to the erbium doped fiber. A pump source is coupled via the wavelength selective coupler. At least one sub-ring cavity component and/or an absorb component are inserted into the cavity for facilitating suppressing laser side modes to create a single longitudinal mode fiber laser. A partial reflectance fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is used as the front cavity end for this fiber laser.

Passively mode-locked picosecond laser device

A passively mode-locked picosecond laser device comprising a pump source, a laser crystal, a laser cavity, a mode-locked output structure is provided. In the device, the pump source is placed at the side of the incident end surface of the laser crystal; the laser cavity includes a plane reflective mirror and a first plano-concave mirror, the reflective mirror is placed opposite to the concave surface of the plano-concave mirror and located on the position of the focal radius of the plano-concave mirror. The normal direction of the reflective mirror and the axis of the plano-concave mirror form a small angle therebetween; the laser generated from the laser crystal oscillates in the laser cavity, and output through the mode-locked output structure. The device uses a stable cavity design of the equivalent confocal cavity, which can increase the optical path, reduce the repetition frequency, and significantly reduce the cavity length and volume.

Optical amplification device, communication system, and amplification method

According to an aspect of the invention, an amplification device includes an amplifier configured to amplify a signal light by inputting the signal light and an excitation light to a rare-earth doped amplification medium, a wavelength arrangement monitor configured to acquire wavelength arrangement information indicating a wavelength of the signal light, and a light power controller configured to control power of the input excitation light based on the acquired wavelength arrangement information.

Large diameter optical waveguide, grating and laser

A large diameter optical waveguide, grating, and laser includes a waveguide having at least one core surrounded by a cladding, the core propagating light in substantially a few transverse spatial modes; and having an outer waveguide dimension of said waveguide being greater than about 0.3 mm. At least one Bragg grating may be impressed in the waveguide. The waveguide may be axially compressed which causes the length of the waveguide to decrease without buckling. The waveguide may be used for any application where a waveguide needs to be compression tuned. Also, the waveguide exhibits lower mode coupling from the core to the cladding and allows for higher optical power to be used when writing gratings without damaging the waveguide. The waveguide may resemble a short “block” or a longer “cane” type, depending on the application and dimensions used.

Short-pulse fiber-laser

A mode-locked fiber laser has a resonator including a gain-fiber, a mode-locking element, and a spectrally-selective dispersion compensating device. The resonator can be a standing-wave resonator or a traveling-wave resonator. The dispersion compensating device includes only one diffraction grating combined with a lens and a minor to provide a spatial spectral spread. The numerical aperture of the gain-fiber selects which portion of the spectral spread can oscillate in the resonator.

Actively Mode Locked Laser Swept Source for OCT Medical Imaging

An optical coherence analysis system uses a laser swept source that is constrained to operate in a mode locked condition. This is accomplished by synchronously changing the laser cavity's gain and/or phase based on the round trip travel time of light in the cavity. This improves high speed tuning by taking advantage of frequency shifting mechanisms within the cavity and avoids chaotic laser behavior.

Laparoscopic Laser Device and Method

Laser radiation delivered to a treatment area may be used with a smoke suppressing irrigant. A laparoscopic laser device may include an elongate body adapted for insertion into an insufflated bodily cavity. A laser energy delivery element, at the distal end of the elongate body, may be coupleable to a source of tissue-vaporization-capable laser energy and capable of delivering laser energy along a laser energy path extending away from the laser energy delivery element. A smoke-suppressing liquid may be directed generally along the laser energy path. A remote visualization device may be used to view along the laser energy path. The laser energy path can be shrouded with a circumferentially extending suction manifold so that liquid can be suctioned from the target site and away from the laser energy path. In some examples, the suction manifold is an axially extendable and contractible suction manifold.

Laser based frequency standards and their applications

Frequency standards based on mode-locked fiber lasers, fiber amplifiers and fiber-based ultra-broad bandwidth light sources, and applications of the same.

Optical parametric oscillator pumped by femtosecond thin-disk laser

Pulses from a mode-locked Yb-doped laser are spectrally broadened, and temporally compressed, then frequency-doubled and used to pump an optical parametric oscillator (OPO). The OPO output is tunable over a wavelength range from about 600 nm to about 1100 nm.

Optical combiner and fiber laser device having the same

An optical combiner 100 includes: fibers for propagation of pumping light 20 configured to propagate pumping light; a fiber for propagation of laser light 10 configured to propagate laser light having a longer wavelength than the pumping light; and a large area fiber 30 having a core 31 and a clad 32 and configured to propagate laser light and pumping light, in which one end surface of the fiber for propagation of laser light 10 and one end surface of the large area fiber 30 are fused, one end surfaces of the fibers for propagation of pumping light 20 and the one end surface of the large area fiber 30 are fused, and the fiber for propagation of laser light 10 and the fibers for propagation of pumping light 20 are not fused to each other.

Fiber lasers for producing amplified laser pulses with reduced non-linearity

The present application discloses techniques and devices comprising fiber-based chirped fiber Bragg grating for compressing amplified laser pulses.

Hybrid laser amplifier system including active taper

Hybrid laser systems include fiber amplifiers using tapered waveguides and solid-state amplifiers. Typically, such systems represent a technically simple and low cost approach to high peak power pulsed laser systems. The tapered waveguides generally are provided with an active dopant such as a rare earth element that is pumped with one or more semiconductor lasers. The active waveguide taper is selected to taper from a single or few mode section to a multimode section. A seed beam in a fundamental mode is provided to a section of the waveguide taper associated with a smaller optical mode, and an amplified beam exits the waveguide taper at a section associated with a larger optical mode. The waveguide taper permits amplification to higher peak power values than comparable small mode area fibers. The fiber amplified beam is then directed to a solid state amplifier, such as a thin disk or rod-type laser amplifier.

Optical Source with Remote Optical Head Outputting High Power Short Optical Pulses

An optical source can include a remote optical head for outputting high power short optical pulses. The optical source can include signal source operable to output short optical pulses; an optical pump light source; an optical head provided at a location remote from the location of the optical signal source; and an optical fibre amplifier having at least its optical output located within the optical head. The source can also include an optical signal delivery fibre arranged to deliver optical pulses from the optical signal source to the optical fibre amplifier and a pump light delivery fibre arranged to deliver optical pump light to the high power optical fibre amplifier. In use short optical pulses of a first optical power are delivered to the optical fibre amplifier and are amplified therein to a higher optical power for output from the optical head

Thulium and/or Holmium Doped Germanosilicate Glasses for Two Micron Lasers

A laser glass fiber with a core of the fiber comprising a germanosilicate glass host, one or more glass network modifiers, one or more glass network intermediators, and Thulium ions, Holmium ions, or a combination of Thulium ions and Holmium ions. The fiber emits laser light from 1.7 micron to 2.2 micron.

Titanium-doped amorphous aluminum nitride microlaser device and method for making and using same

A microlaser system, including a microlaser, having an elongated generally cylindrical substrate, a thin dopant film encircling at least a portion of the substrate, and a pumping laser positioned to shine onto the thin film. The thin film is between about 2 and about 10 microns thick. When the pumping laser shines on the thin film, the thin film lases in whispering gallery mode. The dopant is preferably selected from the group including transition metals and rare-earth elements. In a most preferred embodiment, the thin film is titanium-doped amorphous aluminum nitride.

Method and apparatus for generation and amplification of light in a semi-guiding high aspect ratio core fiber

A planar laser gain medium and laser system. The novel laser gain medium includes an active core having a high aspect ratio cross-section with a fast-axis dimension and a slow-axis dimension, signal claddings adapted to form reflective boundaries at fast-axis boundaries of the core, and a material adapted to minimize reflections at slow-axis boundaries of the core. In an illustrative embodiment, the laser gain medium is an optical fiber. The core and claddings form a waveguide adapted to control modes propagating in the fast-axis direction. When the laser gain medium is employed as a laser oscillator, a high reflectivity mirror and an outcoupler are positioned at opposite ends of the core to form a laser resonator adapted to control modes in the slow-axis direction.

All-fiber low mode beam combiner for high power and high beam quality

A low mode beam combiner ( 10 ) including individual entry fibers ( 12 ) that maintain a low mode operation, an exit fiber ( 16 ), and a spliced section ( 14 ) including a bundle of spliced entry fibers ( 12 ), in which a bundle diameter is reduced to a LMA (large mode area) core of the exit fiber ( 16 ).

Light source apparatus and processing method

The present invention relates to a light source apparatus. The light source apparatus has an MOPA configuration and comprises a seed light source, a pulse generator, an intermediate optical amplifier, a final stage optical amplifier, a delivery optical fiber, and a light output terminal. The delivery optical fiber is a PBG fiber having a photonic bandgap (PBG) structure in a core-surrounding portion located around the core. Light with a wavelength in a high loss band of the PBG fiber is inputted into the PBG fiber.

Pulsed light generation method

The present invention relates to a method of enabling generation of pulsed lights each having a narrow pulse width and high effective pulse energys. A pulse light source has a MOPA structure, and comprises a single semiconductor laser, a bandpass filter and an optical fiber amplifier. The single semiconductor laser outputs two or more pulsed lights separated by a predetermined interval, for each period given according to a predetermined repetition frequency. The bandpass filter attenuates one of the shorter wavelength side and the longer wavelength side, in the wavelength band of input pulsed lights.

Compact optical frequency comb systems

Compact optical frequency sources are described. The comb source may include an intra-cavity optical element having a multi-material integrated structure with an electrically controllable active region. The active region may comprise a thin film. By way of example, the thin film and an insulating dielectric material disposed between two electrodes can provide for rapid loss modulation. In some embodiments the thin film may comprise graphene. In various embodiments of a frequency comb laser, rapid modulation of the CEO frequency can be implemented via electric modulation of the transmission or reflection loss of an additional optical element, which can be the saturable absorber itself. In another embodiment, the thin film can also be used as a saturable absorber in order to facilitate passive modelocking. In some implementations the optical element may be formed on a cleaved or polished end of an optical fiber.

Mode-locked fiber laser based on narrowband optical spectral filtering and amplifier similaritons

Implementations and examples of mode-locked fiber lasers based on fiber laser cavity designs that produce self-similar pulses (“similaritons”) with parabolic pulse profiles with respect to time at the output of the fiber gain media to effectuate the desired mode locking operation. An intra-cavity narrowband optical spectral filter is included in such fiber lasers to ensure the proper similariton conditions.

Fiber laser device

A laser diode driving device ( 1 ) of the present invention includes: a variable DC power supply ( 3 ) for outputting a voltage for driving laser diodes (LD1 to LDn); a current driving element ( 4 ) for causing a current If to flow; a current control section ( 5 ) for controlling (i) turning on and off of the current driving element ( 4 ) and (ii) the amount of the current If; and a power supply control section ( 7 ) for controlling an output voltage of the variable DC power supply ( 3 ). The power supply control section ( 7 ) controls, on the basis of If-Vf characteristic data (D 2 ), voltage drop characteristic data (D 3 ), and Vds setting data (D 4 ) all stored in a memory section ( 8 ), the output voltage of the variable DC power supply ( 3 ) so that the current driving element ( 4 ) has a constant inter-terminal voltage regardless of the amount of the current If.

Pulse fiber laser device

A pulse fiber laser device 1 has a Fabry-Perot type optical resonator, and is provided with an excitation light source 11 , an optical coupling unit 12 , an amplifying optical fiber 13 , a saturable absorber 14 , a gradient index lens 15 , an optical output unit 16 , a dispersion adjusting unit 17 , a mirror 21 and a mirror 22 . The saturable absorber 14 and the mirror 21 , integrated into one body, constitute a saturable absorber mirror 23 . The gradient index lens 15 converges the light output from an end face of an optical fiber 32 and outputs the light to the saturable absorber mirror 23 , and inputs the light reflected from the saturable absorber mirror 23 into the end face of the optical fiber 32 . Thus, there is provided a pulse fiber laser device that enables easy adjustment of the intensity of light incident on a saturable absorber and facilitates miniaturization.

Frequency-chirped semiconductor diode laser phase-locked optical system

A chirped diode laser (ChDL) is employed for seeding optical amplifiers and/or dissimilar optical paths, which simultaneously suppresses stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) and enables coherent combination. The seed spectrum will appear broadband to suppress the SBS, but the well-defined chirp will have the coherence and duration to allow the active phasing of multiple amplifiers and/or dissimilar optical paths. The phasing is accomplished without optical path-length matching by interfering each amplifier output with a reference, processing the resulting signal with a phase lock loop, and using the error signal to drive an acousto-optic frequency shifter at the front end of each optical amplifier and/or optical path.

Method for tailoring the dopant profile in a laser crystal using zone processing

A lasing medium having a tailored dopant concentration and a method of fabrication thereof is disclosed. The lasing medium has a single crystal having a continuous body having a selected length, wherein the crystal comprises dopant distributed along the length of the body to define a dopant concentration profile. In one embodiment, the dopant concentration profile results in a uniform heating profile. A method of fabricating a laser crystal having a tailored dopant concentration profile includes arranging a plurality of polycrystalline segments together to form an ingot, the polycrystalline segments each having dopant distributed, providing a crystal seed at a first end of the ingot, and moving a heating element along the ingot starting from the first end to a second end of the ingot, the moving heating element creating a moving molten region within the ingot while passing therealong.

Method and Apparatus for Suppression of Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Using Polarization Control with A Birefringent Delay Element

A method and apparatus for suppression of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) includes a master oscillator (MO) that generates a beam; a birefringent element that receives and transmits the beam, wherein the beam is transmitted with a transmission delay between two orthogonal axes; a polarization controller that receives the beam and transmits the beam with a desired polarization; a fiber amplifier that receives the beam, amplifies the beam, and transmits a beam; a compensating birefringent element that receives the beam, approximately removes the transmission delay between the two axes of the beam, and transmits an output beam; and a polarization detector that detects the output beam's polarization and provides feedback to the polarization controller to ensure that the polarization of the output beam is approximately equal to a desired output polarization, so as to reduce SBS.

Optical system for signal amplification using a multimode fiber

An optical coupler for coupling optical-pump power into a multimode fiber configured to transport an optical space-division-multiplexed (SDM) signal, the coupling being performed in a manner that enables amplification of the SDM signal in the multimode fiber via a stimulated-emission process or a stimulated Raman-scattering process. The optical coupler can be a part of an optical transmitter configured for co-directional pumping, an optical receiver configured for contra-directional pumping, or a relay station disposed within an optical communication link and configured for either type of pumping. The optical coupler can advantageously be used, e.g., to offset the different degrees of attenuation to which the SDM-signal components corresponding to different guided modes of the multimode fiber are subjected to therein.

Narrow linewidth brillouin laser

A Brillouin laser having a narrowed linewidth, reduced relative intensity noise, and increased output power includes a pump laser that provides pump energy to an optical fiber resonant cavity to stimulate Brillouin emission. The output of pump laser is stabilized and its linewidth is narrowed by locking the frequency and phase of the optical signal generated by the pump laser to a longitudinal mode of the optical fiber resonant cavity. In addition, the resonant cavity is temperature and/or strain-tuned so that the Brillouin gain is substantially centered on a longitudinal mode of the cavity, thereby ensuring that the Brillouin frequency shift is substantially equal to an integer number of the free spectral range of the cavity.

SPECTRAL WIDTH NARROWING METHOD, OPTICAL ELEMENT AND LIGHT SOURCE DEVICE

The present invention provides a method for narrowing a spectral width that can also be adapted to an ultrashort optical pulse emitted from a wavelength tunable light source, and that can provide an output optical pulse with a narrow spectral width and a low noise component, and an optical element and a light source device that use the method for narrowing a spectral width. The method includes using an optical waveguide member () to cause a soliton effect in an input optical pulse () within the optical waveguide member (), thereby narrowing a spectral width of the input optical pulse () to provide an output optical pulse (), the optical waveguide member () having dispersion characteristics such that the average of a second-order dispersion value (β) with respect to the input optical pulse () is negative, and the absolute value of the second-order dispersion value (β) increases in a propagation direction of the input optical pulse (). 1. A method for narrowing a spectral width comprising:{'b': 2', '2, 'using an optical waveguide member to cause a soliton effect in an input optical pulse within the optical waveguide member, thereby narrowing a spectral width of the input optical pulse to provide an output optical pulse, the optical waveguide member having dispersion characteristics such that an average of a second-order dispersion value (b) with respect to the input optical pulse is negative, and an absolute value of the second-order dispersion value (b) increases, while an increment of the absolute value gradually decreases, in a propagation direction of the input optical pulse.'}2. The method for narrowing a spectral width according to claim 1 , wherein an optical fiber is used as the optical waveguide member.32. The method for narrowing a spectral width according to claim 2 , wherein the optical waveguide member is configured by connecting a plurality of optical fibers claim 2 , which differ in the second-order dispersion value (b).422. The method for narrowing a ...

Systems And Methods For Amplifying Space-Multiplexed Optical Signals

In one embodiment, an optical system for amplifying space-multiplexed optical signals includes an input fiber that propagates multiple spatially-separated optical signals and a bulk amplifier formed of a doped material that receives the multiple spatially-separated optical signals and simultaneously amplifies those signals to generate multiple amplified signals. 1. An optical system for amplifying space-multiplexed optical signals , the system comprising:an input fiber that propagates multiple spatially-separated optical signals; anda bulk amplifier formed of a doped material that receives the multiple spatially-separated optical signals and simultaneously amplifies those signals to generate multiple amplified signals.2. The optical system of claim 1 , further comprising an output fiber that receives the multiple amplified signals from the amplifier.31. The system of claim 1 , wherein the input fiber is a multimode fiber claim 1 , multi-core fiber claim 1 , or a fiber bundle.43. The system of claim 1 , wherein the input fiber is a multi-core fiber having multiple cores and at least one of the cores supports multiple spatial modes.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the bulk amplifier is made of phosphate glass.6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the phosphate glass is doped with erbium or erbium/ytterbium.7. The system of claim 6 , wherein a doping concentration of the phosphate glass is uniform.8. The system of claim 7 , wherein a doping concentration of the phosphate glass is non-uniform.9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the bulk amplifier is formed as a composite laser rod having a central doped core.10. The system of claim 9 , wherein the composite laser rod comprises multiple discrete segments.11. The system of claim 10 , wherein radiuses of the doped cores of some of the segments are different.12. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a lens positioned between the input fiber and the bulk amplifier.13. The system of claim 12 , further comprising an ...

Large core holey fibers

Holey fibers provide optical propagation. In various embodiments, a large core holey fiber comprises a cladding region formed by large holes arranged in few layers. The number of layers or rows of holes about the large core can be used to coarse tune the leakage losses of the fundamental and higher modes of a signal, thereby allowing the non-fundamental modes to be substantially eliminated by leakage over a given length of fiber. Fine tuning of leakage losses can be performed by adjusting the hole dimension and/or spacing to yield a desired operation with a desired leakage loss of the fundamental mode. Resulting holey fibers have a large hole dimension and spacing, and thus a large core, when compared to traditional fibers and conventional fibers that propagate a single mode. Other loss mechanisms, such as bend loss and modal spacing can be utilized for selected modes of operation of holey fibers.

SINGLE MODE PROPAGATION IN FIBERS AND RODS WITH LARGE LEAKAGE CHANNELS

Various embodiments include large cores fibers that can propagate few modes or a single mode while introducing loss to higher order modes. Some of these fibers are holey fibers that comprising cladding features such as air-holes. Additional embodiments described herein include holey rods. The rods and fibers may be used in many optical systems including optical amplification systems, lasers, short pulse generators, Q-switched lasers, etc. and may be used for example for micromachining. 1. (canceled)2. An optical fiber configured to propagate at least one lower order mode having a wavelength , λ , said optical fiber comprising:a core region having a core width; anda cladding region surrounding said core region, said cladding region comprising a plurality of cladding features disposed in a matrix material, said plurality of cladding features having a maximum feature size, d, said plurality of cladding features separated by bridges having a maximum bridge width, a, said bridge comprising matrix material,wherein said core width is greater than about 25 micrometers,wherein said plurality of cladding features are arranged in no more than two layers around said core region, andwherein said maximum bridge width has a value that yields a ratio of a/λ that is at least about 5.3. The optical fiber of claim 2 , wherein said maximum bridge width claim 2 , a claim 2 , has a value that yields a ratio of a/λ that is less than about 100.4. The optical fiber of claim 2 , wherein said core width is less than about 300 micrometers.5. The optical fiber of claim 2 , wherein said maximum feature size claim 2 , d claim 2 , has a value that yields a ratio of d/λ that is in a range from about 5 to 100.6. The optical fiber of claim 2 , wherein said plurality of cladding features have an average center-to-center spacing claim 2 , Λ claim 2 , and wherein d/Λ is greater than about 0.4 and less than about 0.9.7. The optical fiber of claim 2 , wherein said plurality of cladding features are ...

PUMP ABSORPTION AND EFFICIENCY FOR FIBER LASERS/AMPLIFIERS

Techniques are disclosed for improving pump absorption and efficiency for fiber lasers and amplifiers, for instance. In some embodiments, the techniques are implemented by applying a partially reflective coating on a fiber end-face to double-pass any unabsorbed or otherwise excess pump light in the cladding of a fiber. While being reflective to pump wavelengths, the coating can be non-reflective at the lasing wavelength, so as to avoid unwanted feedback into the system. The benefits of this approach include that excess pump power can be effectively utilized to add more power to the laser output. In addition, the double-pass technique allows for the use of a shorter fiber length, which in turn allows for more compact system designs, saves on material costs, and facilitates manufacturability. 1. An optical fiber comprising:a fiber core;a first cladding surrounding the core;an outer cladding surrounding the first cladding, wherein the outer cladding has a lower index of refraction than the first cladding; anda partial reflector applied to a fiber-to-free-space interface associated with the fiber, wherein the partial reflector is reflective at pump light wavelengths and antireflective at core light wavelengths.2. The optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein the partial reflector is configured to double-pass any unabsorbed pump light back through the first cladding.3. The optical fiber of or claim 1 , wherein the length of the optical fiber is determined based on optimal double-pass absorption of pump light.4. The optical fiber of any of the preceding claims claim 1 , wherein the partial reflector is applied to a tip of the optical fiber.5. The optical fiber of any of the preceding claims claim 1 , wherein a tip of the optical fiber is coated by the partial reflector.6. The optical fiber of any of the preceding claims claim 1 , wherein the partial reflector is applied to a tip of the optical fiber using a fiber connector claim 1 , and connectorization adhesive does not strip ...

LARGE CORE AREA SINGLE MODE OPTICAL FIBER

A single-mode optical fiber for guiding an optical signal, wherein the core region is capable of guiding an optical signal in a fundamental core mode at an optical signal wavelength. A cladding region is arranged to surround the core region and includes an inner cladding region and an outer cladding region. The inner cladding region includes a background material and a plurality of inner cladding features arranged in the background material, wherein a plurality of the plurality of inner cladding features are of a first type of feature that includes an air hole surrounded by a high-index region comprising a high-index material that is larger than the refractive index of the inner cladding background material. 163-. (canceled)64. A single-mode optical fiber for guiding an optical signal , said optical fiber having a longitudinal , optical axis and a cross section perpendicular thereto , said optical fiber comprising:{'sub': c', '1, 'a core region being capable of guiding an optical signal in a fundamental core mode with an effective refractive index, n, at an optical signal wavelength, λ;'}{'sub': b', 'r', '1', 'c', '1, 'a cladding region surrounding the core region, the cladding region comprising an inner cladding region and an outer cladding region, said inner cladding region comprising a background material having a refractive index, n, and a plurality of inner cladding features arranged in said background material, wherein at least a plurality of said plurality of inner cladding features are of a first type of feature, said first type of feature comprising an air hole surrounded by a high-index region comprising a high-index material having a refractive index, n, that is larger than the refractive index of the inner cladding background material, said first type of feature supports an optical mode with an effective refractive index, n, which is lower than or equal to the effective refractive index of the fundamental core mode, n, at said optical signal wavelength, ...

OPTICAL AMPLIFIERS

An optical amplifier system is provided which comprises first and second optical amplifiers () for amplifying optical signals in a fibre optic communications link and a common pump () for optically pumping both the first amplifier () and the second amplifier () to effect such amplification. There is also provided an optical switch () for providing an optical path between the pump and the first amplifier in a first switching state and an optical path between the pump and the second amplifier in a second switching state to enable pumping of the first and second amplifiers by the pump sequentially. Advantageously this arrangement provides high accuracy to the outputs () of the pump () and reduces low power pump noise. 1. An optical amplifier system comprising:(i) first and second optical amplifiers for amplifying optical signals in a fibre optic communications link,(ii) a common pump for optically pumping both the first amplifier and the second amplifier to effect such amplification, and(iii) switching means for providing an optical path between the pump and the first amplifier in a first switching state and an optical path between the pump and the second amplifier in a second switching state to enable optical pumping of the first and second amplifiers by the pump sequentially,wherein the switching means is adapted to independently vary the power supplied to one of the first and second amplifiers from 0% to maximum pump power.2. An optical amplifier system according to claim 1 , wherein the switching means includes an input coupled to the pump and outputs coupled to the first amplifier and the second amplifier.3. An optical amplifier system according to claim 1 , further comprising a grating coupled to an input or an output of the switching means so as to lock the optical path between the pump and the first amplifier in the first switching state and to lock the optical path between the pump and the second amplifier in the second switching state.4. (canceled)5. An ...

Mode control waveguide-type laser device

In a laser device, a control range of focal distance of a generated thermal lens is broadened and reliability is improved. A mode control waveguide-type laser device includes: a planar laser medium having a waveguide structure in a thickness direction of a cross section perpendicular to an optical axis, for generating gain with respect to laser light; a cladding bonded onto the laser medium; and a heat sink bonded onto the laser medium. The laser medium generates a lens effect, and the laser light oscillates in a waveguide mode in the thickness direction, and oscillates in a spatial mode due to the lens effect in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis and the thickness direction. The refractive index distribution within the laser medium is created by generating a temperature distribution in the laser medium depending on a junction area of the cladding and the heat sink.

Infrared Laser

Laser devices are presented in which a graphene saturable absorber and an optical amplifier are disposed in a resonant optical cavity with an optical or electrical pump providing energy to the optical amplifier. 1. A laser device , comprising:a first mirror with a first surface;a second mirror with a second surface at least partially facing the first surface of the first mirror, the first and second mirrors defining a resonant optical cavity in which electromagnetic energy is amplified by stimulated emission of coherent radiation that is partially transmitted through the second mirror;a semiconductor optical amplifier disposed at least partially between the first and second surfaces;an electrical or optical pump providing energy to the semiconductor optical amplifier; anda graphene saturable absorber disposed at least partially between the first and second surfaces.2. The laser device of claim 1 , wherein the laser device is a mode-locked laser or a Q-switched laser configured to emit stimulated coherent radiation through the second mirror with center wavelengths of about 1 claim 1 ,800 nm or more and about 25 claim 1 ,000 nm or less.3. The laser device of claim 1 , wherein the laser device is a mode-locked laser or a Q-switched laser configured to emit stimulated coherent radiation through the second mirror with center wavelengths of about 280 nm or more and about 1 claim 1 ,800 nm or less.4. The laser device of claim 1 , wherein the semiconductor optical amplifier comprises a superlattice of alternating semiconductor layers of at least two different material compositions.5. The laser device of claim 1 , wherein the graphene saturable absorber is disposed between the first surface and the semiconductor optical amplifier.6. The laser device of claim 5 , wherein the semiconductor optical amplifier comprises opposite first and second ends claim 5 , and wherein the graphene saturable absorber is integral with the first end of the semiconductor optical amplifier.7. The ...

FIBER LASER PUMPING CONFIGURATION AND METHOD

The invention is an apparatus and method for free space pumping of active double-clad fiber based lasers and amplifiers. The apparatus comprises a laser emitting a signal laser beam; an active double-clad fiber having a core defining an optical axis of the apparatus and a pump cladding defining a cone of numerical aperture; an optical arrangement directing the signal laser beam along the optical axis through the core of the active double-clad fiber; at least one pump source emitting a pump beam; at least one delivery means coupling the pump beam to the pump cladding of the active double-clad fiber; and an optical arrangement coupling the amplified signal laser beam exiting the active double-clad fiber out of the apparatus. 1. An apparatus for free space pumping of active double-clad fiber based lasers and amplifiers , said apparatus comprising:a) a laser that emits a signal laser beam;b) an active double-clad fiber having a core that defines an optical axis of said apparatus and a pump cladding that defines a cone of numerical aperture (NA);c) an optical arrangement adapted to direct said signal laser beam along said optical axis through the core of said active double-clad fiber;d) at least one pump source, each of which emits a pump beam;e) at least one delivery means adapted to couple said pump beam to the pump cladding of said active double-clad fiber; andf) an optical arrangement to couple the amplified signal laser beam that exits said active double-clad fiber out of said apparatus;wherein, a separate one of said delivery means is used to couple each of said pump beams to said pump cladding of said active double-clad fiber from a separate direction but at the same off-axis angle with respect to said optical axis of said apparatus; and wherein, each of said pump beams is coupled to said pump cladding through an end facet of said active double-clad fiber.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the delivery means is at least one of: focusing optics and delivery ...

Laser oscillation apparatus

Provided is a laser oscillation apparatus capable of stabilizing resonance even when finesse of an optical resonator is increased and generating stronger laser light than that of a traditional apparatus by accumulating laser light in the optical resonator. The laser oscillation apparatus includes a laser light source which generates laser light for excitation, a fiber amplifier which generates laser light with a desired wavelength when the laser light generated at the laser light source for excitation is supplied, an optical resonator, an optical isolator which is interposed between the optical resonator and the fiber amplifier and which guides the laser light from the fiber amplifier to one side of the optical resonator while blocking laser light in the opposite direction, a circulation optical path which accelerates resonance as introducing laser light emitted from the other side of the optical resonator and returning the laser light to the optical resonator via the fiber amplifier and the optical isolator, and a modulator which performs amplitude modulation on the laser light in the circulation optical path.

WAVELENGTH SWEEP CONTROL

Methods and apparatus for the active control of a wavelength-swept light source used to interrogate optical elements having characteristic wavelengths distributed across a wavelength range are provided. 1. A method comprising:providing light, wherein a wavelength of the light is changed according to a sweep function;interrogating one or more optical elements with the wavelength-swept light to produce optical signals;filtering the optical signals, wherein a bandpass wavelength range is changed based on the sweep function to follow the changes in the light's wavelength; andreceiving the filtered optical signals for processing.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the optical elements comprise transmissive optical elements.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sweep function comprises a constant sweep rate.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the sweep rate is set to a trip frequency or a harmonic thereof claim 3 , wherein the trip frequency is equal to a speed of light in an optical waveguide for conveying the optical signals divided by a trip distance of the light from a light source to the furthest one of the optical elements and then to a receiver via the optical waveguide.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein filtering the optical signals comprises filtering out Rayleigh scattering and back-reflections from an optical waveguide conveying the optical signals.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising delaying the sweep function before filtering claim 1 , such that the changing of the bandpass wavelength range is delayed from the changing of the light's wavelength.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein delaying the sweep function comprises delaying the sweep function by a trip distance of the light claim 1 , in an optical waveguide for conveying the optical signals claim 1 , from a light source to one of the optical elements and then to a receiver divided by a speed of light in the optical waveguide.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein filtering the optical signals comprises ...

Fiber amplifier system including tapered fiber bundle and combined lens and sampling grating

A fiber laser amplifier system including a beam splitter that splits a feedback beam into a plurality of fiber beams where a separate fiber beam is sent to a fiber amplifier for amplifying the fiber beam. A tapered fiber bundle couples the output ends of all of the fiber amplifiers into a combined fiber providing a combined output beam. A beam sampler samples a portion of the output beam from the tapered fiber bundle and provides a sample beam. A single mode fiber receives the sample beam from the beam sampler and provides the feedback beam.

Laser Cavity Exhibiting Low Noise

Inventive single cavities for use in a high power fiber laser systems are described that include a high reflective grating, a gain fiber, an output coupler having a bandwidth in the range of 1 nm to 2 nm; and an output fiber connected to the single cavity that supplies power from the single cavity. The single cavity can be used in a wide variety of applications, including welding, cutting, brazing or drilling a material, or to seed a downstream amplifier. 1. A cavity for use in a high power fiber laser system , comprising:a reflective grating;a gain fiber;an output coupler, the output coupler having a bandwidth in the range of 1 nm to 2 nm; andan output fiber connected to the single cavity laser that supplies power from the single cavity.2. The cavity of claim 1 , further comprising a pump diode.3. The cavity of claim 1 , wherein the bandwidth of the output coupler is in the range of 1.2 nm to 2 nm.4. The cavity of claim 1 , wherein the bandwidth of the output coupler is in the range of 1.4 to 2 nm.5. The cavity of claim 1 , wherein the bandwidth of the output coupler is in the range of 1.6 to 2 nm.6. The cavity of claim 1 , wherein the high reflective grating and the output coupler comprise Bragg gratings.7. The cavity of claim 1 , wherein the output fiber is a multimode fiber.8. The cavity of claim 1 , further comprising a pump source to introduce pump light into the gain fiber claim 1 , the pump source comprising a plurality of pump diodes connected to the single cavity through a pump combiner.9. The cavity of claim 8 , wherein the wavelengths of the pump diodes are in the range of 900 nm to 990 nm.10. The cavity of claim 8 , wherein the number of longitudinal modes in the laser cavity is increased compared to a system that uses an output coupler having a lower bandwidth.11. The cavity of claim 10 , wherein nonlinear effects caused by Stimulated Raman scattering are reduced compared to a single cavity laser that uses an output coupler having a lower bandwidth.12. ...

Directly-coupled wavelength-tunable external cavity laser

Disclosed is a directly-coupled wavelength-tunable external cavity laser including a gain medium that generates an optical signal by an applied bias current; an optical waveguide structure that is coupled to the gain medium to form a minor surface and causes lasing in the mirror surface when the applied bias current has a threshold or higher; and a radio frequency transmission medium that adds a radio frequency signal to the applied bias current to adjust an operating speed of the optical signal.

Optical coherence tomography using active mode-locking fiber laser

Discloses is an optical coherence tomography (OCT) which uses an active mode-locking fiber laser in order to obtain image information of a sample. An imaging device in accordance with an embodiment comprises: a light source unit; a light separation unit; a reference unit; a diagnostic unit; a light coupling unit; and a signal processing unit. The imaging device removes a high-priced variable filter which has mechanical restrictions by directly delivering a modulation signal to a light source unit, so it can overcome mechanical restrictions and reduce costs.

FEW MODE OPTICAL FIBERS FOR Er DOPED AMPLIFIERS, AND AMPLIFIERS USING SUCH

According to some embodiments the optical fiber comprises: (i) a glass core doped with greater than 300 ppm of ErOand at least 0.5 wt % of AlO, with a radius Rfrom about 3 μm to about 15 μm, a relative refractive index delta Δfrom about between 0.3% to 2% relative to the glass cladding; an effective area of LP01 mode between 20 μmand 250 μmat 1550 nm, the glass core radius Rand refractive index are selected such that the core is capable of supporting the propagation and transmission of an optical signal with X number of LP modes at a wavelength of 1550 nm, wherein X is an integer greater than 1 and not greater than 20; and (ii) a glass cladding surrounding and in direct contact with the glass core. 1. An optical fiber comprising:{'sub': 2', '3', '2', '3', '1', '1MAX', '1, 'sup': 2', '2, '(i) a glass core doped with greater than 300 ppm of ErOand at least 0.5 wt % of AlO, with a radius Rfrom about 3 μm to about 15 μm, a maximum relative refractive index delta Δfrom about between 0.3% to 2% relative to the glass cladding; an effective area of LP01 mode between 10 μmand 100 μmat 1550 nm, the glass core radius Rand refractive index are selected such that the core is capable of supporting the propagation and transmission of an optical signal with X number of LP modes at a wavelength of 1550 nm, wherein X is an integer greater than 1 and less than 20; and'}{'sub': 1MAX', '1MAX', '4MAX, '(ii) a glass cladding surrounding and in direct contact with the glass core, wherein the glass core comprises a maximum relative refractive index Δsuch that Δ>Δ,'}2. An optical fiber comprising:{'sub': 2', '3', '2', '3', '2', '1', '1MAX, 'sup': 2', '2, '(i) a glass core doped with greater than 700 ppm of ErO, at least 0.5 wt % of AlOand 0 to 25 wt % of GeO, with a radius 3 μm≦R≦15 μm; a maximum relative refractive index delta Δfrom between 0.7 to 1.5% relatively to the glass cladding, an effective area of LP01 mode between 50 μmand 150 μmat 1550 nm, the glass core supporting the ...

LASER PROCESSING APPARATUS

A laser marking apparatus is provided with a laser emission unit that emits laser beam and a laser radiation unit that is detachably connected to the laser emission unit. The laser radiation unit radiates the laser beam emitted from the laser emission unit toward an object to be processed. A projection, which projects rearward, is formed on a part of the laser radiation unit that is connected with the laser emission unit. A recess is provided in a part of the laser emission unit that is connected with the laser radiation unit. The projection can fit into the recess. The recess is opened forward, backward, to lateral sides, and downward. 110-. (canceled)11. A laser processing apparatus comprising:a laser oscillation portion;a laser emission unit including an emission optical system that emits a laser beam oscillated by the laser oscillation portion;a laser radiation unit that is detachably connected to the laser emission unit and has a radiation optical system for radiating the laser beam emitted from the laser emission unit to an object to be processed;a first connection portion provided in a part of the laser emission unit that is connected to the laser radiation unit;a second connection portion provided in a part of the laser radiation unit that is connected to the laser emission unit;a projection provided on a lower end portion of one of the first connection portion and the second connection portion, the projection protruding along an optical axis of the laser beam; anda recess provided on a lower end portion of the other one of the first connection portion and the second connection portion, whereinthe recess can fit the projection and slideably guide the projection along the optical axis, andthe recess is open in a direction facing at least the projection in an optical axis direction and downward in a direction intersecting the optical axis.12. The laser processing apparatus according to claim 11 , further comprising a main unit that has the laser oscillation ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR AMPLIFYING AN OPTICAL SIGNAL

According to the invention, the optical signal (SE) is spatially divided into N elementary optical signals (SE., SE., . . . , SE.N), the spectral ranges thereof being adjacent in pairs and forming, substantially by juxtaposition, the spectral range of the optical signal; these N elementary signals are amplified respectively by means of N elementary amplifiers (.N), the spectral ranges thereof respectively comprising the spectral ranges of said N elementary signals; the N amplified elementary signals (Ss., Ss., . . . , Ss.N) are assembled to form an amplified optical signal (Ss), the spectral range thereof substantially coinciding with a predetermined spectral range, and finally the spectral phases of the N initial elementary signals (Ss., Ss., . . . , Ss.N) are adjusted before amplification on the basis of the spectral phase of said amplified signal (Ss). 111-. (canceled)12. Method for amplifying an optical signal (S) , wherein:{'sub': E', 'E', 'E', 'E', 'E', 'E', 'E', 'E', 'E, 'b': 1', '2', '1', '2, 'the optical signal (S) is spatially divided into N elementary optical signals (S., S., . . . , S.N), the spectral ranges (Δλ., Δλ., . . . , Δλ.N) of which are adjacent in pairs and form, substantially by juxtaposition, the spectral range (Δλ) of the optical signal (S), N being an integer at least equal to 2;'}{'sub': E', 'E', 'E', 'G', 'G', 'G', 'E', 'E', 'E, 'b': 1', '2', '4', '1', '4', '2', '4', '1', '2', '1', '2, 'the N elementary optical signals (S., S., . . . , S.N) are amplified respectively by means of N elementary amplifiers (., ., . . . , .N), the spectral ranges of amplification (Δλ., Δλ., . . . , Δλ.N) of which respectively comprise substantially the spectral ranges (Δλ., Δλ., . . . , Δλ.N) of said N elementary optical signals;'}{'sub': S', 'S', 'S', 'S', 'S, 'b': 1', '2, 'the N amplified elementary optical signals (S., S., . . . , S.N) are assembled to form an amplified optical signal (S), the spectral range (Δλ) of which substantially coincides with a ...

High Power Single Mode Ytterbium Fiber Laser System with Single Mode Neodymium Fiber Pump Source

A high power fiber laser system emitting a substantially diffraction limited beam with a Gaussian intensity profile includes a single mode (“SM”) neodymium fiber pump source outputting a SM pump light; a seed laser operative to emit a SM signal light at a wavelength greater than that of the pump light; a SM DWM receiving and multiplexing the SM pump and signal lights. The disclosed system further includes a booster fiber amplifier which is configured with a frustoconically-shaped ytterbium (“Yb”) doped core receiving the pump and signal lights and configured with a small diameter input end which supports only a SM and a large diameter output end which is capable of supporting the SM and high order modes (:HOM”). The booster further has a cladding surrounding and coextending with the core, the core being configured for having intensity profiles of respective SMs of pump and signal lights overlap one another so that an overlap integral substantially equals to one (1) along an entire length of the core. The SM of the light signal extracts substantially the entire energy from the pump mode leaving the HOMs without amplification necessary to affect a quality of the diffraction limited beam of the system in a MW peak power range and hundreds of watt average power range.

OPTICAL SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE

An optical semiconductor device includes: semiconductor lasers; a wave coupling section multiplexing light output by the semiconductor lasers; an optical amplifying section amplifying output light of the wave coupling section; a first optical waveguide optically connecting respective semiconductor lasers to the wave coupling section; a second optical waveguide optically connecting the wave coupling section to the optical amplifying section; a third optical waveguide optically connected to an output of the optical amplifying section; and a phase regulator located in at least one of the first, second, and third optical waveguides, and regulating phase of reflected light that is reflected at a reflecting point in the optical semiconductor device and that returns to the semiconductor lasers. The phase regulator adjusts the phase of the reflected light to decrease line width of the light output by the semiconductor lasers. 1. An optical semiconductor device comprising:a plurality of semiconductor lasers;a wave coupling section multiplexing light output by the plurality of the semiconductor lasers;an optical amplifying section amplifying output light of the wave coupling section;a first optical waveguide optically connecting respective semiconductor lasers to the wave coupling section;a second optical waveguide optically connecting the wave coupling section to the optical amplifying section;a third optical waveguide optically connected to an output of the optical amplifying section; anda phase regulator located in at least one of the first, second, and third optical waveguides, and regulating phase of reflected light that is reflected at a reflecting point located in the optical semiconductor device and that returns to the plurality of semiconductor lasers, wherein the phase regulator adjusts the phase of the reflected light to decrease line width of the light output by the plurality of semiconductor lasers.2. The optical semiconductor device according to claim 1 , ...

Nanoparticle waveguide apparatus, system and method

A nanoparticle waveguide apparatus, a nanoparticle waveguide photonic system and a method of photonic transmission employ a nearfield-coupled nanoparticle (NCN) waveguide to cooperatively propagate an optical signal. The nanoparticle waveguide apparatus includes a first optical waveguide adjacent to a second optical waveguide, the first optical waveguide comprising an NCN waveguide having a plurality of nanoparticles. The nanoparticle waveguide photonic system further includes a nearfield coupling (NC) modulator. The method includes providing the NCN waveguides and modulating a coupling between one or both of first and second NCN waveguides and adjacent nanoparticles within one or both of the first and second NCN waveguides.

Laser apparatus and laser materials processing apparatus provided with same

A laser apparatus of the present invention has a first laser oscillator that emits a first laser beam; a passive fiber that is a double-clad fiber that transmits the first laser beam through a core; and a second laser oscillator that emits a second laser beam that is coupled into inner cladding of the passive fiber. Additionally, a laser materials processing apparatus of the present invention is provided with the laser apparatus; and an irradiation optical system having a collimating lens and a condenser lens.

Method for manufacturing a coupling arrangement, coupling arrangement and amplifier

A single-mode fiber with certain parameters into the core of another fiber with different parameters; in particular single-mode guided light of a shorter wavelength is coupled into the core of a fiber which is a single-mode fiber at a longer wavelength but acts as multimode fiber for the shorter wavelength. Fabrication involves use of a model to determine a length of a pre-taper.

METHODS OF MODULATING MICROLASERS AT ULTRALOW POWER LEVELS, AND SYSTEMS THEREOF

A microlaser system includes an optical source, a microlaser, an actuator switch, and a photovoltaic power source. The microlaser, which includes a control element, is optically pumped by at least a portion of light emitted by the optical source. The actuator switch is configured to be activated by a triggering event. Furthermore, the photovoltaic power source is coupled in a series connection with the actuator switch and the control element, the series connection configured to connect the photovoltaic power source to the control element of the microlaser when the actuator switch is activated by the triggering event. 1. A microlaser system comprising:an optical source;a microlaser that is optically pumped by at least a portion of light emitted by the optical source, the microlaser comprising a control element;an actuator switch configured to be activated by a triggering event; anda photovoltaic power source coupled in a series connection with the actuator switch and the control element, the series connection configured to connect the photovoltaic power source to the control element of the microlaser when the actuator switch is activated by the triggering event.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least a portion of light comprises a train of pulses that wirelessly power the microlaser.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein at least one of a pulse width or a duty cycle of the train of pulses is selected on the basis of a thermal threshold of operation of the microlaser.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the microlaser is configured to receive a first portion of light emitted by the optical source and the photovoltaic power source is configured to receive a second portion of light emitted by the optical source.5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the photovoltaic power source is operative to converting the second portion of light into electrical power claim 4 , and wherein the microlaser is operative to use the first portion of light to enter a lasing state without ...

Optical Amplifier and Optical Transmission System

An optical amplifying apparatus that amplifies an optical signal, including an input section whereto the optical signal is inputted, a laser light source that generates laser light, the laser light source including an uncooled semiconductor laser device, an optical fiber that amplifies the optical signal by a stimulated emission based on the laser light from the laser light source, an output section that outputs the optical signal amplified by the optical fiber, and a passive optical component disposed between the optical fiber and the output section. The laser light source is thermally coupled to the optical fiber and/or the passive optical component via a thermally conductive medium. An oscillating wavelength of the laser light source is varied by increasing a temperature of the laser light source with heat generated by the optical fiber and/or the passive optical component. 1. An optical amplifying apparatus that amplifies an optical signal , comprising:an input section whereto the optical signal is inputted;a laser light source that generates laser light, the laser light source including an uncooled semiconductor laser device;an optical fiber that amplifies the optical signal by a stimulated emission based on the laser light from the laser light source;an output section that outputs the optical signal amplified by the optical fiber; anda passive optical component disposed between the optical fiber and the output section,the laser light source being thermally coupled to the optical fiber and/or the passive optical component via a thermally conductive medium,an oscillating wavelength of the laser light source being varied by increasing a temperature of the laser light source with heat generated by the optical fiber and/or the passive optical component.2. The optical amplifying apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the heat generated by the optical fiber and/or the passive optical component is transferred to the laser light source claim 1 , and a wavelength band ...

LASER BEAM AMPLIFIER AND LASER APPARATUS USING THE SAME

A laser beam amplifier with high optical axis stability is provided. The laser beam amplifier includes: a container for accommodating a laser medium; a pair of electrodes for performing discharge in the laser medium to form an amplification region for a laser beam in the laser medium; and an optical system for forming an optical path between a first point, upon which the laser beam is incident, and a second point, from which the laser beam is outputted, such that the amplification region is located in the optical path between the first point and the second point, wherein the first point and the second point are conjugate to each other, and the laser beam incident upon the first point is amplified while passing through the amplification region at least twice and then transferred to the second point. 114-. (canceled)15. A laser apparatus comprising:a master oscillator configured to generate a pulse laser beam;a preamplifier including a first container configured to accommodate a laser medium, a first optical system configured to focus a transfer image of the pulse laser beam incident upon a first point onto a second point, and a pair of first electrodes arranged in said first container and configured to perform discharge in the laser medium to form an amplification region between said first point and said second point;relay optics configured to focus a transfer image of the pulse laser beam incident upon said second point onto a third point; anda main amplifier including a second container configured to accommodate a laser medium, a second optical system configured to focus a transfer image of the pulse laser beam incident upon said third point onto a fourth point, and a pair of second electrodes arranged in said second container and configured to perform discharge in the laser medium to form an amplification region between said third point and said fourth point.16. The laser beam amplifier according to claim 15 , wherein said first container includes a first window ...

Laser system and method of operation

An exemplary laser system is disclosed which includes a pump laser diode array and laser gain material, in which the array generates optical radiation having a predetermined total linewidth approximately 20 nm wide constructed from a plurality of individual wavelengths with a linewidth of up to 8 nm, the centre wavelength of radiation being for example within the absorption band of laser gain material used at the centre point of the operating temperature of the array. The system can include a highly reflecting plane mirror with periodic transmitting patches placed between the laser diode array and the laser gain material, the size of the transmitting patches being such that minimal pump radiation is lost.

PULSED LASER SOURCES

Modelocked fiber laser resonators may be coupled with optical amplifiers. An isolator optionally may separate the resonator from the amplifier. A reflective optical element on one end of the resonator having a relatively low reflectivity may be employed to couple light from the resonator to the amplifier. Enhanced pulse-width control may be provided with concatenated sections of both polarization-maintaining and non-polarization-maintaining fibers. Apodized fiber Bragg gratings and integrated fiber polarizers may also be included in the laser cavity to assist in linearly polarizing the output of the cavity. Very short pulses with a large optical bandwidth may be obtained by matching the dispersion value of the grating to the inverse of the dispersion of the intra-cavity fiber. Frequency comb sources may be constructed from such modelocked fiber oscillators. Low dispersion and an in-line interferometer that provides feedback may assist in controlling the frequency components output from the comb source. 1. A frequency comb source comprising:a mode-locked fiber oscillator comprising an optical fiber disposed in an optical cavity;a non-linear optical element disposed to receive pulsed output from said mode-locked fiber oscillator and to generate a supercontinuum comprising a first train of optical pulses having a first set of frequency components;an interferometer disposed to receive said first train of optical pulses, said interferometer comprising a frequency converter configured to generate a second train of optical pulses having a second set of frequency components that are shifted in frequency with respect to the first set of frequency components, said second train of optical pulses temporally overlapping said first set of optical pulses, said interferometer configured to interfere at least a portion of said first train and said second train of optical pulses to generate an optical interference signal comprising beat frequencies;an optical detector configured to ...

METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR ENGINEERING ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION

laser devices described may emit a beam of electromagnetic radiation having a large wavelength (e.g., mid-infrared, far-infrared) and exhibiting a low angle of divergence. In some embodiments, the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation is between microns and microns and the divergence angel is less than degrees. Electromagnetic waves may be produced from a single monolithic laser device which includes a laser waveguide (e.g., quantum cascade laser waveguide) and a collimating element having at least one indented region (e.g., a plurality of periodically disposed grooved structures). A portion of the electromagnetic radiation may propagate as surface waves (e.g., surface plasmons) along the surface of the collimating element where indented regions in the collimating element may decrease the propagation velocity of the surface waves. A portion of the electromagnetic radiation may also be substantially convinced within a grooved structure of the collimating element (e.g., as channel polaritons). 1. A laser device , comprising:a substrate;a laser waveguide disposed on the substrate and configured to emit electromagnetic radiation; anda collimating element disposed adjacent to the laser waveguide and having at least one indented region.2. The laser device of claim 1 , wherein the laser waveguide comprises a quantum cascade laser.3. (Canceled4. The laser device of claim 1 , wherein the at least one indented region of the collimating element comprises at least one grooved structure.5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. The laser device of claim 4 , wherein the at least one grooved structure is oriented in a longitudinal direction that is parallel to a plane of the laser waveguide.8. The laser device of claim 7 , wherein the longitudinal direction of the at least one grooved structure is parallel to a longitudinal direction of an end facet of the laser waveguide.9. The laser device of claim 4 , wherein the at least one grooved structure is substantially straight.10. The laser ...

Laser emission device and method for the spectroscopic analysis of a sample

According to one aspect, the invention relates to a laser emission device for the spectroscopic analysis of a sample, comprising: a primary laser source ( 401 ) emitting a pump beam (I 5 ) and an excitation beam (I 2 ), said two beams being pulsed and having a nanosecond or subnanosecond pulse time; a non-linear optical fibre ( 406 ) into which the excitation beam is injected in order to form a probe beam (I 4 ) having a wide spectral band; a device ( 405 ) for controlling the time profile of either the pump beam or the excitation beam, allowing compensation of the time spreading of the probe beam generated by the non-linear optical fibre, in order to obtain pump and probe beams having similar pulse times; and means ( 409 ) for spatially overlaying of the pump and probe beams for the spectroscopic analysis of the sample.

OPTICAL PULSE SOURCE

The invention can include an apparatus for producing optical pulses, comprising an oscillator for producing optical pulses at a first optical pulse repetition frequency, the optical pulses having a first wavelength; a first optical fiber amplifier; a second optical fiber amplifier; a pulse picker located between the first and second optical fiber amplifiers, the pulse picker operable to reduce the optical pulse repetition frequency of optical pulses, wherein the first amplifier amplifies optical pulses at the first optical pulse repetition frequency and the second amplifier amplifies optical pulses at a reduced optical pulse repetition frequency that is less than the first optical pulse repetition frequency; a nonlinear optical fiber receiving amplified optical pulses having the reduced optical pulse repetition frequency and the first wavelength to produce, at the reduced optical pulse frequency, optical pulses that include one or more nonlinearly produced wavelengths different than the first wavelength; and wherein the pulse picker and the first and second optical fiber amplifiers are located between the oscillator and the nonlinear optical fiber. 1. Apparatus for producing optical pulses , comprising:an oscillator for producing optical pulses at a first optical pulse repetition frequency, the optical pulses having a first wavelength;a first optical fiber amplifier;a second optical fiber amplifier;a pulse picker, located between the first and second optical fiber amplifiers, said pulse picker operable to reduce the optical pulse repetition frequency of optical pulses, wherein said first amplifier amplifies optical pulses at the first optical pulse repetition frequency and said second amplifier amplifies optical pulses at a reduced optical pulse repetition frequency that is less than said first optical pulse repetition frequency;a nonlinear optical fiber receiving amplified optical pulses having the reduced optical pulse repetition frequency and the first wavelength ...

SHORTER WAVELENGTH PHOTO-ANNEALING APPARATUS FOR RARE-EARTH-DOPED FIBER AND ITS OPTICAL ASSEMBLIES UNDER IRRADIATION

An optical fiber apparatus is suitable to operate under irradiation, more particularly to mitigating the damage of a rare-earth-doped optical fiber element as part of an optical fiber assembly causes by irradiation. The irradiation mitigation attributes to a photo-annealing apparatus including at least a shorter wavelength photo-annealing spectral content, which is relative to that of a pump light source, for effectively photo-annealing the rare-earth-doped fiber element. Photo-annealing by such shorter wavelength light results in a fast and nearly complete recovery of radiation induced attenuation of the rare-earth-doped optical fiber element in the wavelength range from 900 nm to 1700 nm. 1. An optical fiber apparatus , comprising:an optical fiber assembly including at least a rare-earth-doped fiber element and having a first port and a second port, wherein the first port and the second port can be an input port, an output port or an unused port;a photo-annealing light source coupled to the optical fiber assembly and emitting a light to recover an optical loss induced by irradiation; anda pump laser coupled to the optical fiber assembly and emitting a light to pump the rare-earth-doped fiber element.2. The optical fiber apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the photo-annealing light source is either a laser or a broadband light source.3. The optical fiber apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the wavelength range of the photo-annealing light source is less than the wavelength of the pump laser which is used to excite rare-earth-doped fiber elements.4. The optical fiber apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the photo-annealing light source is able to recover more than 50% claim 1 , preferably at least 75% claim 1 , and most preferably at least 99% of RIA in any wavelength interval from 900 nm to 1700 nm.5. The optical fiber apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the photo-annealing light source emits light continually or intermittently.6. An optical ...

Fiber Laser Apparatus and Method of Aligning Laser Light Irradiation Position

A fiber laser apparatus that generates invisible laser light using an amplification optical fiber having a single-mode core and outputs the invisible laser light via an output optical fiber is provided. The fiber laser apparatus includes a visible laser light source that generates visible laser light, an introducing section that introduces the visible laser light generated by the visible laser light source into a core of one of the amplification optical fiber and the output optical fiber, and a drive unit that drives, in a case of performing alignment of an irradiation position of the invisible laser light with respect to a workpiece, the visible laser light source and emits the visible laser light via the core of the output optical fiber. 1. A fiber laser apparatus that generates invisible laser light using an amplification optical fiber having a single-mode core and outputs the invisible laser light via an output optical fiber , the fiber laser apparatus comprising:a visible laser light source that generates visible laser light;an introducing section that introduces the visible laser light generated by the visible laser light source into a core of one of the amplification optical fiber and the output optical fiber; anda drive unit that drives, in a case of performing alignment of an irradiation position of the invisible laser light with respect to a workpiece, the visible laser light source and emits the visible laser light via the core of the output optical fiber.2. The fiber laser apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the introducing section introduces the visible laser light generated by the visible laser light source into the core of one of the amplification optical fiber and the output optical fiber claim 1 , and attenuates return light that propagates through the core in a reverse direction while generating the invisible laser light claim 1 , the return light being incident on the visible laser light source.3. The fiber laser apparatus according to claim ...

MASTER OSCILLATOR - POWER AMPLIFIER SYSTEMS

The invention provides fiber-optic light sources such as cladding-pumped master oscillator—power amplifier (MOPA) systems which use double-clad optical fibers (DCF). The inner cladding of the first DCF used in the master oscillator section has a circular cross-section in order to enable the formation of low loss optical splices in the integrated MOPA structure. The inner cladding of the second DCF in the output amplifier section has a shaped non-circular cross-section in order to enhance the absorption of the pump light in the doped core of the second DCF. 1. An integrated master oscillator and power amplifier (MOPA) system comprising: [ a core doped with active ions along at least a portion thereof,', 'an inner cladding surrounding the core and defining a waveguide for the laser light generated in the core, and', 'an outer cladding surrounding the inner cladding and defining a waveguide for the pump light; and,, 'a first double clad optical fiber (DCF) comprising, 'first and second fiber Bragg grating (FBG) reflectors integrally disposed at opposite ends of the first DCF so as to define an optical cavity of the fiber laser oscillator;, 'a fiber laser oscillator for emitting laser light when pumped by pump light, comprisinga pump source optically coupled to the first DCF for emitting the pump light into the inner cladding of the first DCF; and,a first fiber optic power amplifier comprising a second double clad optical fiber having a core doped with active ions for amplifying the laser light received from the fiber laser oscillator through the second FBG reflector, an inner cladding for guiding the laser radiation, and an outer cladding for guiding the pump radiation received from the fiber laser oscillator through the second FBG reflector; the fiber laser oscillator is optically coupled to the first fiber optic amplifier using one or more optical splices so as to form a monolithic fiber-optic structure,', 'the inner cladding of the first DCF has a circular cross- ...

METHODS, SYSTEMS, AND APPARATUS FOR HIGH ENERGY OPTICAL-PULSE AMPLIFICATION AT HIGH AVERAGE POWER

An inventive composite optical gain medium capable includes a thin-disk gain layer bonded to an index-matched cap. The gain medium's surface is shaped like a paraboloid frustum or other truncated surface of revolution. The gain medium may be cryogenically cooled and optically pumped to provide optical gain for a pulsed laser beam. Photons emitted spontaneously in the gain layer reflect off or refract through the curved surface and out of the gain medium, reducing amplified spontaneous emission (ASE). This reduces limits on stored energy and gain imposed by ASE, enabling higher average powers (e.g., 100-10,000 Watts). Operating at cryogenic temperatures reduces thermal distortion caused by thermo-mechanical surface deformations and thermo-optic index variations in the gain medium. This facilitates the use of the gain medium in an image-relayed, multi-pass architecture for smoothed extraction and further increases in peak pulse energy (e.g., to 1-100 Joules). 1. An optical gain medium comprising:a gain layer having a first refractive index; andan index-matched layer, bonded to the gain layer, having a second refractive index substantially equal to the first refractive index,wherein the optical gain medium has an exterior surface that is at least partially defined by revolving a two-dimensional curve about the longitudinal axis of the optical gain medium.2. The optical gain medium of claim 1 , wherein the gain layer comprises at least one of Yb:YAG claim 1 , Yb:YLF claim 1 , Nd:YAG claim 1 , Yb:LuAG claim 1 , Yb:SrF claim 1 , Tm:YAG claim 1 , Yb:GGG claim 1 , Yb:KYW claim 1 , Yb:KGW claim 1 , Yb:KLuW claim 1 , Yb:LuO claim 1 , Yb:YO claim 1 , Yb:S-FAP claim 1 , and Yb:Calgo.3. The optical gain medium of claim 1 , wherein the gain layer has a thickness of about 0.01 mm to about 1.0 mm and a maximum outer diameter of about 1.0 mm to about 100 mm.4. The optical gain medium of claim 1 , wherein the index-matched layer comprises at least one of YAG claim 1 , YLF LuAG claim ...

Fiber laser

The optical fiber of the present invention has an input double-clad fiber containing high-reflection FBG, an oscillation double-clad fiber, and an output double-clad fiber containing low-reflection FBG. The output double-clad fiber is formed of a core, a first clad, and a second clad. In the output double-clad fiber, a high refractive-index resin coat section recoated with high refractive-index resin whose refractive index is the same as that of the second clad or greater is disposed at a part where the second clad is partly removed between an output end and the low-reflection FBG. The refractive index of the high refractive-index resin coat section gradually increases along the direction in which light travels through the first clad.

OPTICAL COMPONENT, OPTICAL FIBER AMPLIFIER USING THE SAME, AND LASER DEVICE USING THE SAME

An optical component includes: a glass capillary; an optical fiber for light to be measured which is inserted into the through-hole of the glass capillary; at least one optical fiber for leak light which is inserted into the through-hole of the glass capillary; and an output optical fiber having one end connected to one end of the optical fiber for light to be measured, wherein light emitted from the output optical fiber enters into the optical fiber for light to be measured from the one end side thereof, and a part of light that has been emitted from the output optical fiber that does not enter into the optical fiber for light to be measured, that is, leak light enters into the optical fiber for leak light from the one end side thereof. 1. An optical component comprising: a glass capillary formed with plural through-holes from a first end surface to a second end surface; an optical fiber for light to be measured that is inserted into one of the through-holes from the second end surface side to the first end surface side of the glass capillary , and that has one end fixed to the glass capillary; at least one optical fiber for leak light that is inserted into a through-hole different from the through-hole into which the optical fiber for light to be measured is inserted from the second end surface side to the first end surface side of the glass capillary , and that has one end fixed to the glass capillary; and an output optical fiber having one end connected to the one end of the optical fiber for light to be measured , wherein light emitted from the output optical fiber enters into the optical fiber for light to be measured from the one end side thereof , and a part of light that has been emitted from the output optical fiber and that does not enter into the optical fiber for light to be measured , that is , leak light enters into the optical fiber for leak light from the one end side thereof.2. The optical component according to claim 1 , wherein the end of the ...

OPTICAL AMPLIFICATION DEVICE AND OPTICAL AMPLIFICATION METHOD

An optical amplification device includes a first optical amplification portion, an intermediate portion and a second optical amplification portion. The first optical amplification portion receives input light including signal light and pump light, generates idler light as wavelength converted light based on wavelengths of the signal light and the pump light, and outputs first output light including signal light, pump light and idler light. The intermediate portion outputs second output light, and includes a demultiplexing portion that demultiplexes the first output light into signal light, pump light and idler light, a multiplexing portion that generates the second output light by multiplexing signal light, pump light and idler light, and a polarization plane adjustment portion that exchanges mutually orthogonal polarization components of idler light. The second optical amplification portion amplifies an intensity of signal light included in the second output light. 1. An optical amplification device comprising:a first optical amplification portion that generates idler light as wavelength converted light based on wavelengths of signal light and pump light included in input light, and outputs first output light that includes signal light, pump light and idler light;an intermediate portion that generates second output light by exchanging mutually orthogonal polarization components of idler light included in the first output light; anda second optical amplification portion that amplifies an intensity of signal light included in the second output light.2. The optical amplification device according to claim 1 , further comprising:a phase adjustment portion that is capable of changing a relative phase of signal light, pump light and idler light input to the second optical amplification portion,wherein the second optical amplification portion amplifies the intensity of the signal light based on the relative phase.3. The optical amplification device according to claim 2 , ...

HIGH POWER PLANAR LASING WAVEGUIDE

A planar optical waveguide amplifier includes an active optical waveguide () containing rare-earth ions embedded in a passive optical waveguide () that guides the pump power. 1. Apparatus characterised by:{'b': 103', '102, 'a waveguide amplifier comprising an active optical waveguide () containing rare-earth ions embedded in a passive optical waveguide () that guides pump power.'}2103. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein said active optical waveguide () is single mode.3103102. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein an entire length of said active waveguide () is embedded within said pumping waveguide ().4103102. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a refractive index of said active waveguide ( ) is higher than a refractive index of said pumping waveguide ().5201202202103102. The apparatus according to claim 1 , comprising an active waveguide () that is split into a plurality of branches () claim 1 , each of said branches () comprising said active waveguide () embedded within said pumping waveguide ().6202. The apparatus according to claim 5 , wherein light exiting said branches () is recombined in free space.7202201202201. The apparatus according to claim 5 , wherein a high reflectivity mirror (HRM) is deposited on a facet of said branches () and a medium reflectivity mirror (MRM) is deposited on a facet of said active waveguide () claim 5 , and light is reflected back from said branches () and exits through said active waveguide ().8302303302201. The apparatus according to claim 5 , wherein light from said branches () is recombined in a waveguide segment () and reflected back from said branches () and exits through said active waveguide ().9520530501502503504511512513514511512513514520. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein said passive optical waveguide comprises a central multimode waveguide () in which said active optical waveguide () is embedded claim 1 , and the apparatus further comprises a plurality of pump diodes ( claim 1 , ...

Translucent polycrystalline material and manufacturing method thereof

Provided is a method for manufacturing a translucent polycrystalline material with optical properties continuously varying in the material. A slurry including single crystal grains that are acted upon by a force when placed in a magnetic field is immobilized in a gradient magnetic field with a spatially varying magnetic flux density and then sintered. For example, where a slurry including single crystal grains of YAG doped with Er and single crystal grains of YAG undoped with a rare earth material is immobilized in the gradient magnetic field, the region with a strong magnetic field becomes a laser oscillation region that is rich in Er-doped YAG, whereas the region with a weak magnetic field becomes a translucent region rich in YAG undoped with a rare earth material. A polycrystalline material having a core with laser oscillations and a guide surrounding the core are obtained at once.

HIGHLY EFFICIENT THULIUM DOPED FIBER LASER

In the method of generating high power light with high efficiency and low thermal loading, the improvement comprising the steps of resonantly pumping a first thulium-doped fiber laser with a second thulium-doped fiber last, said second thulium-doped fiber laser having a shorter wavelength than said first thulium-doped fiber laser. 1. A method of generating high power light with high efficiency and low thermal loading , comprising the steps of:pumping, resonantly, a first thulium-doped fiber laser with a second thulium-doped fiber, said second thulium-doped fiber laser having a shorter wavelength than said first thulium-doped fiber laser.2. A system of generating high power light comprising:a first thulium-doped fiber laser; anda second thulium-doped fiber laser; wherein said second thulium-doped fiber laser resonantly pumps said first thulium-doped fiber laser.3. The system of wherein said second thulium-doped fiber laser further comprises a 1908 nm laser.4. The system of wherein said second thulium-doped fiber laser resonantly pumps a core of said first thulium-doped fiber laser.5. The system of wherein said first thulium-doped fiber laser comprises an output of about 1.92 to about 2.2 microns.6. The system of further comprising a plurality of thulium-doped fiber lasers.7. The system of wherein said plurality of thulium-doped fiber lasers further comprise an output of about 1908 nm.8. The system of wherein said plurality of thulium-doped fiber lasers resonantly pumps a cladding of said pumped laser.9. The system of wherein said first thulium-doped fiber laser comprises an output of about 1.92 to about 2.2 microns.10. The system or further comprising: an amplifier; and a seed signal wherein said seed signal is fed into said amplifier.11. The system of further comprising a plurality of seed signals claim 10 , and a plurality of amplifiers claim 10 , wherein said plurality of seed signals are fed into said plurality of amplifiers.12. The system of wherein said ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING AND PROTECTING PULSED HIGH POWER FIBER AMPLIFIER SYSTEMS

An electronic circuit for controlling a laser system consisting of a pulse source and high power fiber amplifier is disclosed. The circuit is used to control the gain of the high power fiber amplifier system so that the amplified output pulses have predetermined pulse energy as the pulse width and repetition rate of the oscillator are varied. This includes keeping the pulse energy constant when the pulse train is turned on. The circuitry is also used to control the temperature of the high power fiber amplifier pump diode such that the wavelength of the pump diode is held at the optimum absorption wavelength of the fiber amplifier as the diode current is varied. The circuitry also provides a means of protecting the high power fiber amplifier from damage due to a loss of signal from the pulse source or from a pulse-source signal of insufficient injection energy. 1. A high power fiber amplifier system comprising:a passively mode locked oscillator generating optical pulses at a repetition rate;a diode pumped fiber amplifier disposed downstream from said oscillator and arranged to receive at least a portion of said optical pulses from said oscillator; anda controller operatively coupled to at least said passively mode locked oscillator, said controller comprising an element for monitoring a repetition rate of said passively mode locked oscillator, said element comprising a photodetector to receive and convert a fraction of the optical power of said optical pulses from said passively mode locked oscillator into electrical signals representative of said repetition rate, said controller capable of determining said repetition rate from said electrical signals and calculating a required down counter divide ratio needed to obtain a desired lower repetition rate, and wherein said controller is arranged to dynamically control a gain of said fiber amplifier or to control the amplitude of a seed pulse so as to maintain a desired output pulse energy from said high power amplifier ...

Laser apparatus

A laser apparatus includes an optical fiber component and a pump light source coupled to the optical fiber component. The optical fiber component includes a first fiber segment, a second fiber segment and a connecting segment that connects the first and second fiber segments. The first fiber segment includes a fiber core having a first diameter, and the second fiber segment includes a fiber core having a second diameter. The first diameter may be greater than the second diameter, and the connecting segment may have a periodically varying refractive index.

Method and apparatus for control of excess pump power in optical amplifiers

A method for control of excess pump power in an optical amplifiers is disclosed. In one particular exemplary embodiment the method comprises a state model for the amplifier gain medium ground energy level inversion and a closed loop control tracking a desired degree of excess pump power. 1. An optical amplifier system comprising:a gain medium surrounded by a pump radiation guide;a pump radiation source coupled to the pump guide;a control system acting on the pump radiation power coupled to the pump radiation guide, said control system configured to receive input signal power information, pump rate information and containing;an equivalent circuit model tracking the pump absorption;a decision circuit comparing the model pump absorption with a setpoint and producing a deviation signal used to control the pump radiation power to limit the coupled pump radiation when model pump absorption is low compared to the set-point.3. Fiber laser system comprising:a laser oscillator anda power amplifier receiving as its input the output of the laser oscillator, the laser oscillator operation conditions information transmitted to the pump controller of the power amplifier, said controller using this information ina model to estimate relationship between launched and leaked pump power to regulate the launched pump power maintaining the leaked pump power below or at a setpoint, the controller containing a real time model for the dynamics of the population in the ground energy level of the laser medium active ions.4. A method for controlling excess pumping of a laser medium , the method having the recursive steps of:receiving amplifier input power signal;receiving excess pump power setpoint;model a state variable dependent on input power signal and a model pump, the state variable being representative of instantaneous optical pump power absorption;computing an error signal from the deviation between the setpoint and the state variable;regulating model and optical pump coupled to the ...

OPTICAL FIBER, OPTICAL FIBER LASER AND OPTICAL FIBER AMPLIFIER, AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING OPTICAL FIBER

An optical fiber has: a core made of silica glass in which a rare earth element and aluminum have been added; an inner cladding layer that is formed around the core, is made of silica glass in which at least any one of an alkali metal and an alkali earth metal has been added, and has a refractive index lower than a refractive index of the core; and an outer cladding layer that is formed around the inner cladding layer and has a refractive index lower than the refractive index of the inner cladding layer. 1. An optical fiber , comprising:a core made of silica glass in which a rare earth element and aluminum have been added;an inner cladding layer that is formed around the core, is made of silica glass in which at least any one of an alkali metal and an alkali earth metal has been added, and has a refractive index lower than a refractive index of the core; andan outer cladding layer that is formed around the inner cladding layer and has a refractive index lower than the refractive index of the inner cladding layer.2. The optical fiber according to claim 1 , wherein the alkali metal or the alkali earth metal added in the inner cladding layer is at least any one of lithium claim 1 , sodium claim 1 , potassium claim 1 , and calcium.3. The optical fiber according to claim 1 , wherein a doping concentration of the aluminum is 2 wt % or more and 10 wt % or less claim 1 , the rare earth element is ytterbium claim 1 , and a doping concentration of the ytterbium is 0.8 wt % or more.4. The optical fiber according to claim 1 , wherein a relative refractive-index difference of the core with respect to the inner cladding layer is 0.1% to 0.15%.5. The optical fiber according to claim 1 , wherein the core is added with fluorine.6. The optical fiber according to claim 1 , wherein the outer cladding layer is made of a resin.7. The optical fiber according to claim 1 , wherein a relative refractive-index difference of the inner cladding layer with respect to pure silica glass is 0% to 0 ...

Method and laser oscillator for the generation of a laser beam

Method and laser oscillator for the generation of a laser beam—According to the invention with a view to adjusting, inside said laser oscillator ( 1 ), the phase of each of the N elementary laser beams (FLE. 1, FLE. 2, FLE.N) generated on the basis of said laser oscillator ( 1 ) in such a way that said elementary laser beams are in phase, the deviation between the phase of an individual elementary laser beam (FLE. 1 ) and the phases of the N−1 other elementary laser beams (FLE. 2, FLE.N) is converted into a level of luminous intensity by means of at least one optical filtering element to which at least a part of each elementary laser beam is directed.

ELEMENT FOR THE AMPLIFICATION OF A LIGHT AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME

An element for the amplification of a light by stimulated emission of radiation and a method of making the same is described herein. 1. An element for the amplification of light by stimulated emission of radiation , the element comprising:a piece of glass comprising a tubular structure that is positioned within the piece of glass and along which the light in use is guided, the tubular structure having a boundary region that has an average refractive index that is less than that of a majority of the piece of glass and less than that of an interior of the boundary region, the boundary region comprising at least one filament, the piece of glass further comprising a plurality of centres located within the piece of glass and that amplify the light when so guided, the amplification being by stimulated emission of radiation when the centres are illuminated by a suitable other light.2. An element defined by wherein the at least one filament is a line.3. An element defined by wherein at least one filament is helical.4. An element defined by wherein the at least one filament is a plurality of filaments.5. An element defined by wherein at least two of the plurality of filaments overlap.6. An element defined by wherein the boundary region comprises inner and outer portions.7. An element defined by wherein the inner and outer portions overlap.8. An element defined by wherein the outer portion comprises a plurality of filaments claim 6 , the inner portion comprises another plurality of filaments claim 6 , and at least one of the plurality of filaments overlaps with at least one of the other plurality of filaments.9. An element defined by wherein the piece of glass is a fluoride glass.10. An element defined by wherein the piece of glass comprises ZrF4 claim 9 , BaF2 claim 9 , LaF3 claim 9 , AlF3 claim 9 , and NaF.11. An element defined by wherein the piece of glass comprises indium and fluorine.12. An element defined by wherein the centre comprises a rare earth ion.13. An element ...

FIBER AMPLIFIER SYSTEM

The invention relates to a fiber amplifier system for amplifying and emitting pulsed radiation, having a master source () which emits pulsed output radiation, and at least one amplifier stage (), which is arranged after the master source () in the direction of radiation, and which amplifies the output radiation. The aim of the invention is to provide a fiber amplifier system for amplifying and emitting pulsed radiation which avoids stimulated Brillouin scattering as effectively as possible and at the same time can be produced simply and inexpensively. To this end, the output radiation emitted by the master source () is broadband and is generated substantially by means of spontaneous emission. 1141. A fiber amplifier system for amplifying and emitting pulsed radiation , having a master source () which emits pulsed output radiation , and at least one amplifier stage () , which is arranged after the master source () in the direction of radiation , and which amplifies the output ,wherein{'b': '1', 'the output radiation emitted from the master source () is broadband and generated substantially by means of spontaneous emission.'}218. The fiber amplifier system according to claim 1 , wherein the master source () is an LED claim 1 , namely a super-luminescence diode (SLD) claim 1 , the end facets () of which have an antireflective coating.318. The fiber amplifier system according to claim 1 , wherein the master source () is an LED claim 1 , wherein the surface normal of at least one end facet () has an angle versus the direction of radiation that deviates from 0°.44. The fiber amplifier system according to claim 1 , wherein a filtrating element is arranged upstream to and/or downstream of the amplifier stage ().532. The fiber amplifier system according to claim 4 , wherein the filtrating element is a spectral filter () or a polarization filter ().64. The fiber amplifier system according to claim 1 , wherein the amplifier stage () is several times passed through by the ...

RARE EARTH DOPED AND LARGE EFFECTIVE AREA OPTICAL FIBERS FOR FIBER LASERS AND AMPLIFIERS

Various embodiments described herein include rare earth doped glass compositions that may be used in optical fiber and rods having large core sizes. Such optical fibers and rods may be employed in fiber lasers and amplifiers. The index of refraction of the glass may be substantially uniform and may be close to that of silica in some embodiments. Possible advantages to such features include reduction of formation of additional waveguides within the core, which becomes increasingly a problem with larger core sizes. 1. An optical fiber system for providing optical amplification , said optical fiber system comprising: [{'sub': 'core', 'a core having a core radius ρ and a core index of refraction n, wherein said core comprises a doped region;'}, {'sub': 1', 'c1', 'core', 'c1, 'a first cladding disposed about said core, said first cladding having an outer radius ρand an index of refraction n, said core and said first cladding having a difference in index of refraction Δn=n−n; and'}, {'sub': '1', 'a second cladding disposed about said first cladding, said first cladding and said second cladding having a difference in index of refraction Δn,'}, {'sub': 1', '1, 'wherein the first cladding radius, ρ, is greater than about 1.1ρ and less than about 2ρ, and the refractive index difference between said first cladding and said second cladding, Δn, is greater than about 1.5Δn and less than about 50Δn,'}, 'wherein said large-core optical fiber comprises a combined waveguide formed by said core and said first cladding layer, said combined waveguide configured such that a mode supported in said core has increased gain relative to a mode having substantial power in said first cladding., 'a large-core optical fiber comprising2. The optical fiber system of claim 1 , wherein said second cladding comprises holes that are configured to provide leakage channels such that said large-core optical fiber supports one or a few modes and higher order modes are leaked.3. The optical fiber system of ...

Passive q-switch-type solid laser apparatus

To provide a passive Q-switch-type solid laser apparatus for outputting a high peak-power pulse laser whose pulse energy is large and pulse-time width is small. A passive Q-switch-type solid laser apparatus has: two reflection elements for forming an oscillator; a solid gain medium being disposed between the two reflection elements; a saturable absorber being disposed between the two reflection elements; an excitation device for exciting the solid gain medium; and a cross section control device for making at least one of a stimulated emission cross section of the solid gain medium and an absorption cross section of the saturable absorber closer to another one of them; and the cross section control device is equipped with at least one or both of a temperature control device for retaining the solid gain medium at a predetermined temperature and an oscillatory-wavelength control device for fixating an oscillatory wavelength at a predetermined wavelength.

Tunable Pumping Light Source for Optical Amplifiers

A tunable external cavity laser for use as a pump laser in an optical amplifier such as a Raman amplifier or erbium doped fibre amplifier comprising a semiconductor gain device ( 12 ) operable to provide light amplification, a diffraction grating ( 18 ) for selecting the wavelength of operation of the laser and a MEMs actuator for changing the selected wavelength. A plurality of gain devices can be coupled together to improve the bandwidth or gain of the optical amplifier.

LIGHT DELIVERY COMPONENT AND LASER SYSTEM EMPLOYING SAME

A light delivery component includes a delivery fiber configured to include a core and a clad; and a heat radiating member, wherein the delivery fiber is configured to include a first light emitting unit connected to a first heat radiating member which is a portion of the heat radiating member and a second light emitting unit connected to a second heat radiating member which is another portion of the heat radiating member, and at least the second light emitting unit is bent, and wherein the first light emitting unit is installed closer to a light incidence end of the delivery fiber than the second light emitting unit, and a bending radius of the first light emitting unit is set to be larger than that of the second light emitting unit. 1. A light delivery component comprising:a delivery fiber configured to include a core and a clad; anda heat radiating member,wherein the delivery fiber is configured to include a first light emitting unit connected to a portion of the heat radiating member and a second light emitting unit connected to another portion of the heat radiating member, and at least the second light emitting unit is bent andthe first light emitting unit is installed closer to a light incidence end of the delivery fiber than the second light emitting unit, and a bending radius of the first light emitting unit is set to be larger than that of the second light emitting unit.2. The light delivery component according to claim 1 , wherein the first light emitting unit is arranged in a linear shape.3. The light delivery component according to claim 2 , wherein the second light emitting unit is set to have a certain bending radius.4. The light delivery component according to claim 2 , wherein the bending radius of the second light emitting unit is set to be gradually decreased from the first light emitting unit side.5. The light delivery component according to claim 1 , wherein the bending radius of the delivery fiber is set to be gradually decreased over a range ...

OPTICAL COMPONENT, OPTICAL FIBER AMPLIFIER, AND OPTICAL FIBER RING RESONATOR

An optical component includes a multicore optical fiber and an I/O optical fiber. The multicore optical fiber has longitudinally extending cores within a common cladding. The cores are arranged on a circumference of a circle centered at a fiber axis in an end face of the multicore optical fiber. Both end faces of the multicore optical fiber are connected to each other such that the cores of the multicore optical fiber are optically connected to each other. Both end faces of the multicore optical fiber are adapted to rotate relative to each other about the fiber axis. 1. An optical component comprising:a multicore optical fiber having a plurality of longitudinally extending cores within a common cladding;an I/O optical fiber configured to feed light to/from a specific core in the plurality of cores of the multicore optical fiber; anda fiber coupler configured to optically couple the specific core of the multicore optical fiber and a core of the I/O optical fiber to each other,wherein the plurality of cores are arranged on a circumference of a circle centered at a fiber axis in an end face of the multicore optical fiber; andwherein first and second end faces of the multicore optical fiber are connected to each other such that first and second cores in the plurality of cores of the multicore optical fiber are optically connected to each other.2. The optical component according to claim 1 , wherein at least three cores are arranged at a fixed pitch on the circumference of the circle centered at the fiber axis in the end face of the multicore optical fiber.3. The optical component according to claim 1 , further comprising a rotation unit configured to rotate the first and second end faces of the multicore optical fiber relative to each other about the fiber axis.4. The optical component according to claim 1 , wherein a distance between the cores in the fiber coupler is shorter than the sum of the shortest distance from an outer periphery of the specific core of the ...

OPTICAL FIBER LASERS

A fiber gain medium provided by a rare-earth doped fiber () is contained in a first resonant cavity by end reflectors (). The reflector () is wavelength selective to limit the frequency band of the first resonant cavity. The first resonant cavity also contains a second resonant enhancement cavity () with multiple transmission bands lying within the first resonant cavity's frequency band. Multiple standing wave modes of the first resonant cavity lie within both the frequency band of the first resonant cavity and the transmission bands of the second resonant cavity, and it is these standing wave modes that support laser action when the rare-earth doped fiber is suitably pumped by pump lasers (). 1. A device comprising:a portion of optical fiber providing an amplifying medium;a first resonant cavity containing the portion of optical fiber and having a frequency selective element which limits the frequency band of the first resonant cavity to cover a subset of standing wave modes of the first resonant cavity;a second resonant cavity arranged in the first resonant cavity and having a transmission response that includes a plurality of transmission bands within the frequency band of the first resonant cavity, so that there are a plurality of standing wave modes which lie within both the frequency band of the first resonant cavity and at least two of the transmission bands of the second resonant cavity; anda pump source having an output directed to excite optical emission within the first frequency band from the amplifying medium and induce lasing at multiple ones of said plurality of standing wave modes that lie within both the frequency band of the first resonant cavity and the transmission bands of the second resonant cavity.2. A device according to claim 1 , wherein the first resonant cavity is a linear cavity bounded by a first reflector and a second reflector.3. A device according to claim 1 , wherein the first resonant cavity is a ring cavity.4. A device according to ...

Device for deflecting laser radiation, and laser device having such a device

A device for deflecting laser radiation () with a waveguide () having an entrance face () and an exit face () spaced apart from each other in the Z-direction by a spacing (L), wherein the waveguide () has a greater extent in the X-direction than in the Y-direction, and at least two electrodes () arranged on the waveguide (), wherein a deflection voltage (+V, −V) is applied to the at least two electrodes (), so that the laser radiation is electro-optically deflected in the waveguide () with respect to the X-direction, wherein the spacing (L) between entrance face () and exit face () has a dimension so that the profile of the laser radiation after exiting the exit face () corresponds to the profile of the laser radiation prior to entering the entrance face (). The spacing (L) may correspond to the Talbot length of the laser radiation. 110-. (canceled)118. A device for deflecting laser radiation () , comprising{'b': 1', '10', '6', '7', '8', '6', '7', '1', '10, 'at least one waveguide (, ) with an entrance face () and an exit face () for the laser radiation (), wherein the entrance face () and the exit face () have a spacing (L) relative to one another in a first direction (Z), wherein the waveguide (, ) has a greater extent in a second direction perpendicular to the first vertical direction (X) than in a third direction perpendicular to the first and to the second vertical direction (Y);'}{'b': 3', '4', '5', '1', '10', '3', '4', '5', '8', '1', '10', '1', '10, 'at least two electrodes (, , ) which are arranged on or proximate to the at least one waveguide (, ), wherein a deflection voltage (+V, −V) can be applied the at least two electrodes (, , ), so that the laser radiation () in the at least one waveguide (, ) and/or when exiting from the at least one waveguide (, ) is electro-optically deflected in relation to at least the second direction (X),'}{'b': 6', '7', '1', '10', '8', '7', '8', '6, 'wherein the spacing (L) between the entrance face () and the exit ace () of ...

AMPLIFICATION OPTICAL FIBER, AND OPTICAL FIBER AMPLIFIER AND RESONATOR USING SAME

An amplification optical fiber includes a core and a clad which covers the core. The core propagates light having a predetermined wavelength in at least an LP01 mode, an LP02 mode, and LP03 mode and, in the core, when the LP01 mode, the LP02 mode, and the LP03 mode are standardized by a power, in at least a part of a region where an intensity of at least one of the LP02 mode and the LP03 mode is stronger than an intensity of the LP01 mode, an active element which stimulates and emits light having a predetermined wavelength is added with a higher concentration than that in at least a part of a region where the intensity of the LP01 mode is stronger than the intensities of the LP02 mode and the LP03 mode. 1. An amplification optical fiber , comprising:a core and a clad which covers the core,wherein the core propagates light having a predetermined wavelength in at least an LP01 mode, an LP02 mode, and an LP03 mode,in the core, when the LP01 mode, the LP02 mode, and the LP03 mode are standardized by a power, in at least a part of a region where an intensity of at least one of the LP02 mode and the LP03 mode is stronger than an intensity of the LP01 mode, an active element which stimulates and emits the light having the predetermined wavelength is added with a higher concentration than that in at least a part of a region where the intensity of the LP01 mode is stronger than the intensities of the LP02 mode and the LP03 mode, and [{'br': None, 'sub': 0', '02', '01, 'sup': 'b', 'i': n', 'r', 'r', 'I', 'r', 'rdr>O, '∫()×{I()−()}\u2003\u2003(1)'}, {'br': None, 'sub': 0', '03', '01, 'sup': 'b', 'i': n', 'r', 'I', 'r', 'I', 'r', 'rdr>O, '∫()×{()−()}\u2003\u2003(2)'}], 'at least one of the following Formulae (1) and (2) is satisfied.'}{'sub': 01', '03, '(In this case, r is a distance from the center in the radial direction of the core, I(r) is an intensity of the LP01 mode in the distance r from the center in the radial direction of the core, I02(r) is an intensity of the LP02 ...

FEW MODE RARE EARTH DOPED OPTICAL FIBERS FOR OPTICAL AMPLIFIERS, AND AMPLIFIERS USING SUCH FIBERS

According to some embodiments a few moded optical fiber includes a glass core structured to provide light amplification at an amplification wavelength and a cladding surrounding the core. According to some embodiments the core of the few moded optical fiber includes a portion that has an average concentration of rare earth dopant which is lower by at least 30%, and preferably by at least 50%, than the average concentration of the rare earth dopant at another portion of the core that is situated further from the core center. 2. A rare earth doped fiber comprising a glass core structured to provide light amplification at an amplification wavelength and a cladding surrounding the core , said fiber comprising:{'sub': 1', '1', 'c', '1', 'c', '1, '(i) the glass core having a radius R, said core containing a rare earth dopant such that the average concentration of said rare earth dopant is at least 30% lower in the portion of the core situated within 0Δ'}3. The rare earth optical fiber according to claim 2 , wherein said core has a refractive index profile structured such that the core is capable of supporting the propagation and amplification of optical signals with X number of LP modes at the amplification wavelength claim 2 , wherein X is an integer greater than 1 claim 2 , wherein said rare earth dopant is the rare-earth dopant is at least one of: Yb claim 2 , Er claim 2 , Nd claim 2 , Tm claim 2 , Sm claim ...

HIGH POWER PARALLEL FIBER ARRAYS

High power parallel fiber arrays for the amplification of high peak power pulses are described. Fiber arrays based on individual fiber amplifiers as well as fiber arrays based on multi-core fibers can be implemented. The optical phase between the individual fiber amplifier elements of the fiber array is measured and controlled using a variety of phase detection and compensation techniques. High power fiber array amplifiers can be used for EUV and X-ray generation as well as pumping of parametric amplifiers. 1. A high peak power fiber amplifier system , comprising:an array of fiber amplifiers implemented in the form of a multi-core fiber, said fiber amplifiers being spaced such that thermal fluctuations of said fiber amplifiers are matched sufficiently to limit relative phase fluctuations at fiber amplifier outputs to a bandwidth less than 10 kHz, and such that optical energy coupling between any of the fiber amplifiers of said array of fiber amplifiers is negligible;a laser source for seeding said array of fiber amplifiers;a beam distributor disposed between said laser source and said array of fiber amplifiers to distribute a pulse from said laser source into a plurality of beam paths incident on corresponding amplifiers of the array, wherein beams in said path have a spatial distribution substantially similar to the spatial distribution of an output of said laser source;at least one pump source configured for optically pumping said array of fiber amplifiers;a plurality of phase-control elements arranged in a spatial relation and optically connected to fiber amplifiers of said array of fiber amplifiers, said elements modifying an optical phase of at least one fiber amplifier output in response to phase-control signals;a phase control unit for producing said control signals to control the optical phase at the output of a majority of said fiber amplifiers of said array of fiber amplifiers, wherein said control signal and said phase control elements stabilize the ...

Methods, Systems, and Devices for Timing Control in Electromagnetic Radiation Sources

In one embodiment, the invention relates to systems, methods and devices for improving the operation of an electromagnetic radiation source or component thereof. In one embodiment, the source is a laser source. A Fourier domain mode locked laser can be used in various embodiments. The sources described herein can be used in an optical coherence tomography (OCT) system such as a frequency domain OCT system. In one embodiment, laser coherence length is increased by compensating for dispersion. A frequency shifter can also be used in one embodiment to compensate for a tunable filter induced Doppler shift.

CONTROLLER WHICH CONTROLS A VARIABLE OPTICAL ATTENUATOR TO CONTROL THE POWER LEVEL OF A WAVELENGTH-MULTIPLEXED OPTICAL SIGNAL WHEN THE NUMBER OF CHANNELS ARE VARIED

An optical amplifier which amplifies a wavelength division multiplexed optical signal having a variable number of channels associated with different wavelengths and outputs the amplified WDM optical signal. The optical amplifier includes a first optical amplifier which amplifies the wavelength division multiplexed optical signal and outputs the first optical amplifier amplified wavelength division multiplexed optical signal; a variable optical attenuator which controls a level of the first optical amplifier amplified wavelength division multiplexed optical signal and outputs the controlled wavelength division multiplexed optical signal; a second optical amplifier which amplifies the controlled wavelength division multiplexed optical signal and outputs the amplified, controlled wavelength division multiplexed optical signal; and a controller which controls the wavelength division multiplexed optical signal to be amplified with a constant gain. 1. An apparatus comprising:an optical amplifier which amplifies a wavelength division multiplexed optical signal having a variable number of channels associated with different wavelengths and outputs the amplified WDM optical signal, the optical amplifier including:a first optical amplifier which amplifies the wavelength division multiplexed optical signal and outputs the first optical amplifier amplified wavelength division multiplexed optical signal,a variable optical attenuator which controls a level of the first optical amplifier amplified wavelength division multiplexed optical signal and outputs the controlled wavelength division multiplexed optical signal,a second optical amplifier which amplifies the controlled wavelength division multiplexed optical signal and outputs the amplified, controlled wavelength division multiplexed optical signal, anda controller which controls the wavelength division multiplexed optical signal to be amplified with a constant gain.2. An apparatus as in claim 1 , wherein the optical amplifier ...

SINGLE MODE PROPAGATION IN FIBERS AND RODS WITH LARGE LEAKAGE CHANNELS

Various embodiments include large cores fibers that can propagate few modes or a single mode while introducing loss to higher order modes. Some of these fibers are holey fibers that comprising cladding features such as air-holes. Additional embodiments described herein include holey rods. The rods and fibers may be used in many optical systems including optical amplification systems, lasers, short pulse generators, Q-switched lasers, etc. and may be used for example for micromachining. 1. A polarization-maintaining (PM) optical fiber for propagating at least one lower order mode having a wavelength , λ , while limiting propagation of higher order modes having a wavelength , λ , by providing said higher order modes with a higher loss than said at least one lower order mode at said wavelength , λ , said optical fiber comprising:a first cladding region comprising one or more cladding features; anda core region surrounded by said first cladding region, said core region having a width of at least about 20 micrometers, said one or more cladding features configured to substantially confine propagation of said at least one lower order mode to said core region,wherein said one or more cladding features are arranged in no more than two layers around core region, andwherein said core region, said first cladding region, or both said core region and said first cladding region have a two dimensional asymmetry that provides birefringence2. The PM optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein said width of said core region is less than about 300 micrometers.3. The PM optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein said one or more cladding features are arranged in no more than one layer around said core region.4. The PM optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein said PM optical fiber comprises at least one stress-producing region.5. The PM optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein said one or more cladding features comprises stress elements.6. The PM optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein said one or more cladding features ...

LASER WITH A TAILORED AXIALLY SYMMETRIC PUMP BEAM PROFILE BY MODE CONVERSION A WAVEGUIDE

A laser device comprising a pump source () operable to generate a pump beam () for a resonant cavity in which a laser medium () is arranged. A beam-shaping waveguide element () is arranged between the pump source and the resonant cavity. Shaping of the pump beam is achieved by tailoring the refractive index profile of the waveguide element () so that it yields an intensity distribution which spatially overlaps a desired ring-shaped Laguerre-Gaussian mode of the resonant cavity sufficiently well to achieve laser oscillation on said desired Laguerre-Gaussian mode. A ring-shaped or doughnut-shaped laser beam profile can thus be generated. It is further possible to design the refractive index profile () so that the pump beam's intensity distribution also spatially overlaps the fundamental mode of the resonant cavity sufficiently well to achieve laser oscillation also on said fundamental mode. The laser will then lase on both the fundamental mode and the selected Laguerre-Gaussian mode. This is useful for producing a variety of beam profiles based on mixing a Gaussian profile with a ring-shaped profile. A top-hat beam profile can be achieved by such mixing. 1. A laser device comprising:a pump source operable to generate a pump beam;a waveguiding element having a first end arranged to receive the pump beam and a second end to output the pump beam after traversing the waveguiding element; anda resonant cavity in which a laser medium is arranged to receive the pump beam output from the waveguiding element and which is operable to output a laser beam,characterised in thatthe waveguding element has a refractive index profile designed to re-shape the pump beam so that the pump beam output from the waveguiding element has an intensity distribution which spatially overlaps a desired ring-shaped Laguerre-Gaussian mode of the resonant cavity sufficiently well to achieve laser oscillation on said desired Laguerre-Gaussian mode.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the waveguiding ...

Multi-Mode Optical Fiber Amplifier

An apparatus includes a multi-core optical fiber and first, second, and third optical couplers. The multi-core optical fiber is rare-earth doped to provide optical amplification in response to optical pumping thereof. The first optical coupler is configured to end-couple a first multi-mode optical fiber to an end of the multi-core optical fiber. The second optical coupler is configured to end-couple a second multi-mode optical fiber to an end of the multi-core optical fiber. The third optical coupler is configured to optically couple a pump light source to the multi-core optical fiber. 1. An apparatus comprising:a multi-core optical fiber being rare-earth doped to provide optical amplification in response to optical pumping thereof;a first optical coupler configured to end-couple a first multi-mode optical fiber to an end of the multi-core optical fiber;a second optical coupler configured to end-couple a second multi-mode optical fiber to an end of the multi-core optical fiber; anda third optical coupler configured to optically couple one or more pump light sources to the multi-core optical fiber.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising one or more pump lasers optically being connected to the third optical coupler and configured to produce optical amplification in the multi-core optical fiber.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the third optical coupler is configured to couple an adjacent end face of each optical core of the multi-core optical fiber to a corresponding source of pump light.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the third optical coupler is configured to preferentially transmit pump light from the one or more pump lasers to a proper subset of nearby end-faces of the optical cores of the multi-core optical fiber.5. The apparatus of claim 2 , further comprising a polarization scrambler connected between the one or more optical pumps and the multi-core optical fiber.6. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising an optical attenuator being ...

Capacitor discharge pulse drive circuit with fast recovery

A circuit apparatus for driving short current pulses through a laser diode is disclosed. The circuit allow fast recovery time, comparable to the pulse duration. This enables high duty cycle pulse trains and bursts. The fast recovery is achieved by a passively self gated charging of the pulse circuit. 1. Pulse driver circuit means for providing high current pulses of short duration through a load having a first and second terminal , comprising:a power supply means;a capacitor having a first and second terminal;a first transistor configured to receive a pulse trigger signal on its gate;a second transistor of P-channel type, the source of which is connected to the power supply means and the drain is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor and via a resistive connection to the gate of said second P-channel transistor. The second terminal of the capacitor is connected to the first terminal of the load. The second terminal of the load being connected to the source of said first transistor by a connection exhibiting low impedance at high frequency.2. A system in which the drive circuit of has claim 1 , as its load a laser diode and the output is optical pulses.3. A method comprising the steps of:Receiving a pulse trigger signal;Bring a capacitor discharge path in conducting state;Sensing voltage drop on the capacitor;Pass sensed voltage drop time instance through a time delay;Limit the current from a power supply means to the capacitor;Apply the delayed voltage drop instance signal to a switch means on the charge path;Keep the charge path in conduction until charge voltage is reached, then bring it in open circuit state.4. An electrical current pulse driver circuit apparatus claim 1 , comprising:a capacitor;a first switch configured to receive a pulse commanding signal and to discharge the capacitor;a power supply; anda switching capacitor charging circuit connected between the power supply and the capacitor, the charging circuit switching the charging current to ...

Optical Fiber Amplifier Including Rare-Earth-Doped Cladding Region

A rare earth doped optical fiber amplifier is configured to have an enlarged core region and a trench formed adjacent to the core, where at least an inner portion of the trench is also formed to include a rare earth dopant. The presence of the rare earth dopant in the inner region of the cladding minimizes transient power fluctuations within the amplifier as the number of optical signals being amplified changes. The addition of rare earth dopant to the cladding increases the overlap between the pump, signal and the rare earth ions and thus improves the gain efficiency for the optical signal. The relatively large core diameter increases the saturation power level of the rare earth dopant and decreases the transients present in the gain as the input signal power fluctuates. 1. An amplifying optical fiber comprising{'sub': 'core', 'a rare-earth-doped core region of a diameter d greater than 3.0 μm and exhibiting a first refractive index value n;'}{'sub': trench', 'core, 'a trench disposed to surround the core region, the trench having a second refractive index value n< Подробнее

Fiber Geometrical Management for TEM00 Mode Pulse Energy Scaling of Fiber Lasers and Amplifiers

Methods and systems for managing pulse energy scaling are disclosed, including generating electromagnetic radiation; coupling the electromagnetic radiation to a fiber geometrical management system comprising: a tapered fiber comprising: an elliptical or rectangular core centrally positioned within a single or double cladding shell, wherein the core comprises a fiber material and a doped gain medium; an input face wherein the doped core comprises a major axis and a minor axis, wherein the ratio of the major to minor axis at the input face ranges from about 1 to about 100; an output face wherein the doped core comprises a major axis and a minor axis, wherein the ratio of the major to minor axis at the output face ranges from about 1 to about 100; and wherein the major (minor) axis is adiabatically or linearly tapered from the input face to the output face. Other embodiments are described and claimed.