ПАРАЛЛЕЛЬНАЯ БЕСПРОВОДНАЯ СВЯЗЬ ПО ЛИЦЕНЗИРУЕМОМУ И НЕЛИЦЕНЗИРУЕМОМУ СПЕКТРАМ

ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ДЛЯ ВЫБОРА ТИПА СУБКАДРА ИЛИ ДЛЯ ПЕРЕМЕЖЕНИЯ СИГНАЛОВ ДЛЯ БЕСПРОВОДНОЙ СВЯЗИ ПО НЕЛИЦЕНЗИРОВАННОМУ СПЕКТРУ

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR SENDING WIRELESS SIGNALS ON SEVERAL FREQUENZKANÄLEN IN A FREQUENZAGILEN NETWORK

Listen-before-talk reservation scheme for wireless communications over unlicensed spectrum

Methods and apparatuses are described in which an unlicensed spectrum is used for Long Term Evolution (LTE) communications. A first method includes synchronizing clear channel assessment (CCA) slots across a plurality of base stations to determine availability of an unlicensed spectrum for transmissions in a next transmission interval. A second method includes performing a CCA during one of a plurality of CCA slots synchronized across a plurality of evolved Node Bs (eNBs) to determine availability of unlicensed spectrum for transmissions in a next transmission interval.

DIGITAL TRANSMISSION AND RECEPTION DEVICES FOR TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING STREAMS, AND PROCESSING METHODS THEREOF

A digital reception device comprises a synchronizer for receiving and synchronizing a stream having additional data, an equalizer which equalizes the synchronized stream and a forward error correction (FEC) processor for performing forward error correction of the equalized stream. A detector is provided for detecting information regarding the additional data transmitted through a predetermined channel. At least one of the equalizer and the FEC processor uses information detected by the detection unit.

COMMUNICATION APPARATUS AND COMMUNICATION METHOD

... [Problem] To provide a communication device and communication method capable of decreasing communication overhead while suppressing the effects of frames on reception processing. [Solution] This communication device is provided with: a processing unit which selects a frame of a first format, which includes a training signal, or a frame of a second format, which does not include a first field, said first field constituting at least part of the training signal, and generates the frame of the selected format; and a communication unit which transmits a frame of the first format or a frame of the second format. This communication method involves: the feature of selecting a frame of the first format, which includes a training signal, or a frame of the second format, which does not include the first field, said first field constituting at least part of the training signal, and of generating a frame of the selected format; and, the feature of transmitting a frame of the first format or a frame ...

DIGITAL TRANSMISSION AND RECEPTION DEVICES FOR TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING STREAMS, AND PROCESSING METHODS THEREOF

A transmission system is provided which transmits a transport stream (TS) having normal data and additional data. The transmission system includes a stream constructor which generates a TS, and a multiplexer (MUX) which causes mode information representing the characteristics of additional data to be contained in the TS. Therefore, it is possible for a reception system to use the additional data efficiently.

Peak to average power ratio reduction method

Data transmission method and apparatus

Communications system, transmission device, reception device, method of transmission, and method of communication

DEVICES OF TRANSMISSION AND DIGITAL RECEPTION TO TRANSMIT AND TO RECEIVE FLOWS, AND METHODS OF PROCESSING OF THE SAME ONES

Mobile reception of digital video broadcasting-terrestrial services

A method of protecting data with application layer forward error correction in a communication system, wherein the communication system includes first devices with legacy receivers and second devices with FEC-enabled receivers, operation of the legacy receivers is not affected by the application layer forward error correction, and the method includes: determining a duration period; assembling packets of source data into source blocks corresponding to the duration period, each source block comprising a number of packets of source data; encoding the source blocks to generate encoded blocks, each encoded block comprising a number of packets of repair data; and transmitting the packets of repair data.

COMMUNICATION APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR RECEIVING A RESPONSE SIGNAL

A radio communication mobile station device reduces the number of blind decoding processes at a mobile station without increasing overhead by report information. The device includes a judgment unit which judges a particular PUCCH to which a response signal corresponding to the downstream line data is to be allocated among a plurality of PUCCH, according to a CCE occupied by PDCCH allocated to a particular search space corresponding to a CCE aggregation size of the PDCCH to which allocation information destined to the local station is allocated among search spaces changing in accordance with the CFI value; and a control unit which controls a cyclic shift amount of a ZAC sequence of the response signal and a block-wise spread code sequence according to a correspondence between CCE occupied by PDCCH allocated to a particular search space and a particular PUCCH resource, the correspondence changing in accordance with the CFI value.

METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT IN A TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM

The downlink control channels in a control region of each downlink subframe in a telecommunication system are divided into at least one common subset of the downlink control channels and a plurality of group subsets of the downlink control channels, such that the common subset or each common subset will be decoded by every user equipment, and each group subset will be decoded only by a limited group of user equipments. Resource assignment messages for a user equipment can then be transmitted on a downlink control channel of the relevant group subset, to avoid the need for messages to be decoded by a large number of UEs that will not act on them, while broadcast messages can be transmitted on a downlink control channel of the relevant common subset, to avoid the need for messages to be transmitted many times.

Common framework for advanced multi-cell and multi-rat coordinated operations

Embodiments of a system and methods for advanced multi-cell coordinated operations are generally described herein. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR EFFICIENTLY TRANSMITTING ERROR-TOLERANT TRAFFIC IN LOW POWER AND LOSSY NETWORKS

The present invention relates to a method for efficiently transmitting error-tolerant traffic in low power and lossy networks (LLNs). The method for transmitting an error-tolerant traffic includes when a packet is received, modifying a medium access control (MAC) layer of a receiving device to perform received signal strength indication (RSSI) sampling at a symbol rate and estimating a symbol error rate of the packet in the MAC layer based on the sampled RSSI value, and when the estimated symbol error rate is lower than a specific value, transmitting the received packet to a higher layer. 1. A method for transmitting an error-tolerant traffic , the method comprising:when a packet is received, modifying a medium access control (MAC) layer of a receiving device to perform received signal strength indication (RSSI) sampling at a symbol rate and estimating a symbol error rate of the packet in the MAC layer based on the sampled RSSI value; andwhen the estimated symbol error rate is lower than a specific value, transmitting the received packet to a higher layer.2. The method of claim 1 , whereinthe estimating includes determining a mode value among the sampled RSSI values as an RSSI value of the received packet, determining a symbol having an RSSI value higher than the RSSI value of the packet as an error symbol, and estimating the ratio of the number of error symbols to the total number of symbols, as a symbol error rate of the packet.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:dynamically setting a field for performing error detection in the packet at a MAC layer of a transmitting device according to a type of information transmitted in the packet,wherein an additional field for storing a length of the field for performing error detection is formed in the packet.4. The method of claim 3 , whereinwhen the field for performing error detection is set to correspond to a part of the entire fields, storing a length of the field for performing error detection in the MAC ...

Gating scheme for wireless communication over unlicensed spectrum

Methods and apparatuses are described in which an unlicensed spectrum is used for Long Term Evolution (LTE) communications. One method includes performing a clear channel assessment (CCA) for an unlicensed spectrum in a current gating interval to determine whether the unlicensed spectrum is available for a transmission in a next transmission interval, and gating OFF the transmission in the unlicensed spectrum for the next transmission interval when the determination is that the unlicensed spectrum is unavailable.

Forward error correction encoding/decoding method and apparatus, digital broadcasting reception apparatus, and decoding method thereof

A forward error correction encoding method includes: separating a first header section from an inputted packet stream; generating a second payload section by encoding a first payload section of the packet stream, from which the first header section is separated, according to a preset code rate; generating a second header section according to the code rate; and combining the first header section, the second header section, and the second payload section.

Data communication system and electronic control unit used therein

In a data communication system in which many nodes are connected to a common data bus (L) so that each node can communicate with other nodes, a data frame to be transmitted from a node to other nodes includes a message (DATA, etc) having a variable length interposed between a signal (MESSAGE LENGTH) indicating the length of the message and a signal (EOM) indicating the end of the message in the frame. The message and the signals are coded according to a coding rule such as NRZ, and a bit stuffing rule is applied to the signal (MESSAGE LENGTH) indicating the length of the message and the message (DATA, etc) while another rule violating the bit stuffing rule is applied to the signal (EOM) indicating the end of the message. When the message length is changed due to noise or other causes in the course of data transmission, the signal (EOM) indicating the end of the message is clearly detected at a receiving end because it is coded according to a rule different from the rule applied to the message ...

БЕСПРОВОДНАЯ СВЯЗЬ С ОБРАТНОЙ СВЯЗЬЮ ПО НЕЛИЦЕНЗИРУЕМОМУ СПЕКТРУ

СООБЩЕНИЕ АУТЕНТИФИЦИРОВАННОГО ПОДТВЕРЖДЕНИЯ И АКТИВАЦИИ

ИНДИКАТОР НОВОГО ПАКЕТА ДЛЯ ПРОТОКОЛА RLC

... 1. Способ передачи пакетов данных от передающего терминала к принимающему терминалу, содержащий этапы, на которых:инкапсулируют сегмент данных для пакета данных более высокого уровня в пакет данных более низкого уровня, включающий в себя заголовок и полезную нагрузку;добавляют индикатор нового пакета, установленный в заранее определенное значение, в заголовок пакета данных более низкого уровня, если сегмент данных содержит начало нового пакета данных более высокого уровня, чтобы указать начало нового пакета данных более высокого уровня; идобавляют индикатор длины в заголовок пакета данных более низкого уровня, если сегмент данных содержит окончание пакета данных более высокого уровня.2. Способ по п.1, в котором добавление индикатора нового пакета включает в себя добавление индикатора нового пакета в пакет данных более низкого уровня только тогда, когда пакет данных более низкого уровня начинается с сегмента нового пакета данных более высокого уровня.3. Способ по п.2, дополнительно содержащий ...

Improved lossy coding of signals

Concurrent wireless communications over licensed and unlicensed spectrum

Methods and apparatuses are described for wireless communications. A first method includes transmitting a first Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) communications signal to a wireless node in a licensed spectrum, and transmitting, concurrently with the transmission of the first OFDMA communications signal, a second OFDMA communications signal to the wireless node in an unlicensed spectrum. A second method includes receiving a first Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) communications signal from a wireless node in a licensed spectrum, and receiving, concurrently with the reception of the first OFDMA communications signal, a second OFDMA communication signal from the wireless node in an unlicensed spectrum. A third method includes generating a periodic gating interval for a cellular downlink in an unlicensed spectrum, and synchronizing at least one boundary of the periodic gating interval with at least one boundary of a periodic frame structure associated ...

Techniques for selecting subframe type or for interleaving signals for wireless communications over unlicensed spectrum

Methods and apparatuses are described in which an unlicensed spectrum is used for Long Term Evolution (LTE) communications. A first method includes comparing past transmission activity on an unlicensed spectrum to an activity threshold, transmitting a first subframe type in the unlicensed spectrum during a next active transmission when the past transmission activity is greater than the activity threshold, and transmitting a second subframe type in the unlicensed spectrum during a next active transmission when the past transmission activity is lesser than the activity threshold, the second subframe type comprising a more robust subframe type than the first subframe type. A second method includes generating one or both of PUCCH signals and PUSCH signals based on interleaved signals that increase nominal bandwidth occupancy in an unlicensed spectrum, and transmitting the generated signals in the unlicensed spectrum. A third method includes receiving the PUCCH signals and the PUSCH signals.

Listen-before-talk reservation scheme for wireless communications over unlicensed spectrum

Methods and apparatuses are described in which an unlicensed spectrum is used for Long Term Evolution (LTE) communications. A first method includes synchronizing clear channel assessment (CCA) slots across a plurality of base stations to determine availability of an unlicensed spectrum for transmissions in a next transmission interval. A second method includes performing a CCA during one of a plurality of CCA slots synchronized across a plurality of evolved Node Bs (eNBs) to determine availability of unlicensed spectrum for transmissions in a next transmission interval.

METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT IN A TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR MODULATION AND CODING SCHEME SELECTION AND CONFIGURATION

Methods, systems, and devices for modulation and coding scheme selection and configuration. A mobile communication device includes a table component, a table selection component, and a communication component. The table component is configured to maintain two or more tables each having entries for a plurality of available modulation schemes. The two or more tables include a default table and a secondary table. The default table and the secondary table have a matching number of entries, and the secondary table includes an entry corresponding to a 256-QAM scheme. The table selection component is configured to select a selected table from one of the default table and the secondary table. The communication component is configured to receive and process a communication from a base station based on a modulation and coding scheme of the selected table.

UPLINK CONTROL SIGNALING ON PUSCH WITH SHORTENED TRANSMISSION TIME INTERVAL (TTI)

Method in a telecommunication system and configuration

다중 사용자 프레임 교환들에 대한 프로토콜들

... 본 개시의 특정 양상들은, 다중 사용자 bar 프로토콜들 및 프레임들에 대한 방법들 및 장치를 제공한다. 특정 양상들에 따르면, 무선 통신들을 위한 장치가 제공된다. 장치는 일반적으로, 복수의 디바이스들이 제 1 능력을 갖는다고 결정하고, 복수의 디바이스들로부터 즉시 응답을 신청하는 다중-사용자(MU) 패킷을 생성하도록 구성되는 프로세싱 시스템 ―즉시 응답은 확인응답(ACK) 또는 블록 ACK(BA)를 포함함―; 및 MU 패킷을 송신을 위해 출력하도록 구성되는 인터페이스를 포함한다.

디지털 방송 송신기, 디지털 방송 수신기 및 그들의 스트림 구성 및 처리 방법

... 디지털 방송 수신기의 스트림 처리 방법이 개시된다. 본 방법은, 기존 모바일 데이터에 할당되는 제1 영역과, 노멀 데이터에 할당되는 제2 영역으로 구분되며, 제2 영역 중 적어도 일부에는 기존 모바일 데이터와 별개로 모바일 데이터가 배치된 전송 스트림을 수신하는 수신 단계, 전송 스트림을 복조하는 복조 단계, 복조된 전송 스트림을 등화하는 등화 단계 및 등화된 전송 스트림으로부터 기존 모바일 데이터 및 모바일 데이터 중 적어도 하나를 디코딩하는 디코딩 단계를 포함할 수 있다. 이에 따라, 모바일 데이터 서비스를 보다 다양하게 지원할 수 있다.

APPLICATION LAYER FORWARD ERROR CORRECTION FOR DVB-T TERMINALS

UPLINK CONTROL SIGNALING IN CELLULAR TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM

apparatuses, systems and methods for producing coherent [...] network in a single frequency

Listen-before-talk reservation scheme for wireless communications over unlicensed spectrum

APPARATUS, SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PRODUCING COHERENT SYMBOLS IN A SINGLE FREQUENCY NETWORK

A system, method, apparatus and computer code are provided for producing coherent symbols from digital RF transmitters. A receiver receives a first initialization packet containing a plurality of stuff bytes and Trellis coders are deterministically initialized using the first initialization packet.

Apparatus and method for generating and transmitting data frames

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide an apparatus for wireless communications. The apparatus includes a processing system configured to generate a frame comprising a preamble, a first header, and a second header, wherein the preamble and the first header are configured to be decoded by a first device operating according to a first protocol, the second header not being configured to be decoded by the first device, and wherein the preamble, the first header, and the second header are configured to be decoded by a second device operating according to a second protocol; and an interface configured to output the frame for transmission.

PROTOCOLS FOR MULTIPLE USER FRAME EXCHANGES

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatus for multi user bar protocols and frames. According to certain aspects, an apparatus is provided for wireless communications. The apparatus generally includes a processing system configured to determine that a plurality of devices have a first capability and generate a multi-user (MU) packet that solicits an immediate response from a plurality of the devices, wherein the immediate response comprises an acknowledgment (ACK) or block ACK (BA) and an interface configured to output the MU packet for transmission.

SELF-DESCRIBING ERROR CORRECTION OF CONSOLIDATED MEDIA CONTENT

Presented herein are downstream recovery (error correction) techniques for an aggregated/consolidated media stream. In one example, a consolidated media stream that includes source media packets from one or more sources is sent to one or more downstream receiving devices. Based on the source media packets, one or more self-describing recovery packets for downstream error correction of the source media packets are generated. The self-describing recovery packets include a mapping to the source media packets used to generate the self-describing recovery packets, thereby avoiding the addition of error correction information in the consolidated media stream. The one or more self-describing recovery packets are sent to each of the downstream receiving devices as a separate stream.

Method and apparatus for performing a serving cell change

A method and apparatus for performing a serving high speed downlink shared channel (HS-DSCH) cell change from a source cell to a target cell are disclosed. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may be pre-configured with HS-DSCH configuration for the target cell. The WTRU may start monitoring a high speed shared control channel (HS-SCCH) on the target cell using the pre-loaded HS-DSCH configuration for the target cell on a condition that a measurement report is triggered by the event 1D. The WTRU may initiate a timer when the WTRU starts monitoring the HS-SCCH on the target cell.

Method and apparatus for transmitting data based on OFDM

Provided is a method and apparatus for transmitting data based on OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing). The method includes: forming a plurality of packets suitable for a selected transmission mode from data input to a transmitter; determining a transfer rate of the data; when the data transfer rate is determined to be low and synchronous connection oriented link should be maintained, dividing each of the plurality of packets into a plurality of sub-packets; and transmitting the divided sub-packets, wherein when the divided sub-packets are transmitted, a power supply duration of the transmitter is reduced by using a DPM (dynamic power management) or fine state control unit.

LOSSY CODING OF SIGNALS

A method is described for packing variable-length entropy coded data into a fixed rate data stream along with resolution enhancement data, the method providing tightly constrained propagation of transmission channel errors and graceful degradation of signal resolution as entropy-coded data rate increases. An application to a multiband ADPCM audio codec is also described.

Method and apparatus for increasing data rate by reduction of training data

A method is provided for improving the data throughput of a communication system (100) operating under different radio propagation conditions and with radio equipment with different training data requirements. The data rate is increased by optimising the training data structure (205) for the individual radio channel (105) rather than globally employing a worst case training data structure(205). The invention is applicable to the GSM cellular communication system where increased data rate is achieved by setting up links with midamble (205) replaced by user data (203) when allowed by the propagation conditions.

Exception handling in a multi-user wireless communication device based on user tag values

A wireless communication device selectively flushes frames from a processing pipeline on a per-user basis. The wireless communication device stores frames (e.g., physical layer service data units (PSDUs)) of data for processing at one or more queues, wherein each frame is stored with the tag of the user associated with the frame. In response to an exception, such as a detected error or a user-reset request, the wireless communication device changes the tag of the user associated with the exception. When a frame is selected from a queue for processing at a pipeline, the wireless communication device compares the stored tag associated with the frame with the current tag associated with the user corresponding to the frame. In response to a mismatch, the wireless communication device discards the frame.

COMMUNICATION APPARATUS AND COMMUNICATION METHOD

METHOD FOR ARRANGING ENCODED SIGNAL IN MULTICARRIER COMMUNICATION AND COMMUNICATION DEVICE

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve a communication quality or to simplify a signal processing in a multicarrier communication system such as an OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing). SOLUTION: Pieces of informations are combined with the different communication qualities required as the system bits of a turbo-encoded code word and parity bits. The information requiring a high communication quality such as the system bits is arranged to a carrier having a frequency close to the carrier, in which there is a pilot signal used as the reference phase of a demodulation, more than the information such as the parity bits requiring no high communication quality such as the system bits. COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT ...

СХЕМА РЕЗЕРВИРОВАНИЯ С ПРОСЛУШИВАНИЕМ ПЕРЕД ПЕРЕДАЧЕЙ ДЛЯ БЕСПРОВОДНОЙ СВЯЗИ В НЕЛИЦЕНЗИРОВАННОМ СПЕКТРЕ

Изобретение относится к сетям беспроводной связи. Технический результат изобретения заключается в снижении загруженности сети за счет использования нелицензированного спектра. В способе и устройстве нелицензированный спектр используется для связи на основе Долгосрочного развития (LTE). Способ включает в себя синхронизацию слотов оценки незанятости канала (CCA) среди множества базовых станций для определения доступности нелицензированного спектра для передач в следующем интервале передачи, причем первый слот CCA из слотов CCA согласован с первым положением символа OFDM из множества положений символов OFDM, а второй слот CCA из слотов CCA согласован со вторым положением символа OFDM из положений символов OFDM. 8 н. и 68 з.п. ф-лы, 56 ил.

БЕСПРОВОДНАЯ СВЯЗЬ С ОБРАТНОЙ СВЯЗЬЮ ПО НЕЛИЦЕНЗИРУЕМОМУ СПЕКТРУ

Изобретение относится к радиосвязи. Описаны способы и устройства, в которых нелицензируемый спектр используется для связи LTE (долгосрочной эволюции). Первый способ включает в себя прием информации обратной связи от пользовательского оборудования (UE) по восходящей линии связи первичной компонентной несущей (PCC) в лицензируемом спектре. Второй способ включает в себя передачу информации обратной связи с UE на усовершенствованный узел B (eNB) по восходящей линии связи PCC в лицензируемом спектре. Информация обратной связи адресует сигналы, передаваемые на UE по нисходящей линии связи в нелицензируемом спектре. Технический результат заключается в улучшении достоверности информации обратной связи для нелицензируемого спектра. 8 н. и 16 з.п. ф-лы, 56 ил.

УСТРОЙСТВО И СПОСОБ ДЛЯ ГЕНЕРИРОВАНИЯ И ПЕРЕДАЧИ КАДРОВ ДАННЫХ

Изобретение относится к устройствам для беспроводной связи. Технический результат заключается в обеспечении возможности выполнения оценки связанного канала, сформированного посредством связывания множества каналов, используя последовательности обучения оценки канала. Устройство включает в себя систему обработки, сконфигурированную с возможностью генерирования кадра, содержащего преамбулу, первый заголовок и второй заголовок, при этом преамбула и упомянутый первый заголовок сконфигурированы, чтобы декодироваться первым устройством, работающим согласно первому протоколу, причем упомянутый второй заголовок не сконфигурирован, чтобы декодироваться упомянутым первым устройством, и при этом преамбула, упомянутый первый заголовок и упомянутый второй заголовок сконфигурированы, чтобы декодироваться вторым устройством, работающим согласно второму протоколу, и интерфейс, сконфигурированный с возможностью вывода кадра для передачи. 13 н. и 46 з.п. ф-лы, 23 ил., 2 табл.

VERFAHREN UND ANORDNUNG IN EINEM TELEKOMMUNIKATIONSSYSTEM

WIRELESS FEEDBACK COMMUNICATIONS OVER UNLICENSED SPECTRUM

Methods and apparatuses are described in which an unlicensed spectrum is used for Long Term Evolution (LTE) communications. A first method includes receiving feedback information from a user equipment (UE) via a primary component carrier (PCC) uplink in a licensed spectrum. A second method includes transmitting feedback information from a UE to an evolved Node B (eNB) via a PCC uplink in a licensed spectrum. The feedback information may address signals transmitted to the UE via a downlink in an unlicensed spectrum.

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ACHIEVING ACCELERATED THROUGHPUT

Systems and methods for transporting data between two endpoints over an encoded channel are disclosed. Data transmission units (data units) from the source network are received at an encoding component logically located between the endpoints. These first data units are subdivided into second data units and are transmitted to the destination network over the transport network. Also transmitted are encoded or extra second data units that allow the original first data units to be recreated even if some of the second data units are lost. These encoded second data units may be merely copies of the second data units transmitted, parity second data units, or second data units which have been encoded using erasure correcting coding. At the receiving endpoint, the second data units are received and are used to recreate the original first data units.

DIGITAL BROADCAST TRANSMITTER, DIGITAL BROADCAST RECEIVER, AND METHODS FOR CONFIGURING AND PROCESSING STREAMS THEREOF

A method for processing a stream of a digital broadcast receiver is provided. The method which processes a stream that is divided into a first area allocated to first mobile data and a second area allocated to normal data, includes: receiving a transport stream including new mobile data in at least a part of the second area separately from the first mobile data, demodulating the transport stream, equalizing the demodulated transport stream, and decoding at least one of the first mobile data and the new mobile data from the equalized transport stream. Accordingly, mobile data services may be provided in various ways.

DIGITAL BROADCASTING SYSTEM AND METHOD OF PROCESSING DATA

A digital broadcast transmitting/receiving system and a method of processing data are disclosed. More specifically, the present invention performs and transmits additionally encoding process on at least one of the enhanced data and transmits the encoded enhanced data. Accordingly, the present invention may provide robustness to the enhanced data, thereby enabling the enhanced data to respond adequately and strongly against the fast and frequent change in channels. The present invention also generates a reliability map corresponding to the received enhanced data, and performs error correction decoding process on the received enhanced data based on the reliability information of the reliability map. Thereby the present invention may be enhanced the capability of the error correction on the received enhanced data. Accordingly, the present invention is even more effective in providing robustness when applied to mobile and portable receivers, which are also liable to a frequent change in channel ...

PROCESS AND DEVICE OF VALIDATION/INVALIDATION Of a MESSAGE TRANSMITTED ON a NETWORK OF TRANSMISSION Of INFORMATION PER ANSWER IN a SCREEN OF COMMUNICATION

Ce procédé de validation/ invalidation d'un message (4) émis sur un réseau de transmission d'informations par réponse dans une trame de communication, entre au moins deux stations reliées à ce réseau, le message comportant au moins un champ d'en-tête (5) émis par une première station et un champ de données (6) émis par une seconde station, est caractérisé en ce que le champ de données (6) comporte un marqueur de fin de champ (7) et un marqueur de début de champ (8), modifiés de façon correspondante respectivement au début et à la fin d'une opération de mise à jour du reste du champ de données (6), par la station considérée, pour permettre une validation du message (4) en cas de correspondance entre les deux marqueurs et une invalidation de celui-ci en cas de discordance entre ceux-ci.

UNIDIRECTIONAL DATA TRANSMISSION APPARATUS FOR IMPROVING DATA RELIABILITY AND METHOD THEREOF

A unidirectional transmission apparatus for improving data reliability and a method thereof are disclosed. The unidirectional transmission apparatus according to the present invention includes a unidirectional transmission unit for correcting a transmission error of transmission data received from a transmission host located in a safety area and encoding transmission error-corrected transmission data, and a unidirectional reception unit for correct the transmission error of the transmission data which is encoded, decoding the transmission data and transmitting the decoded transmission data to a reception host located in a non-safety area. Accordingly, the present invention can secure the reliability of the transmission data by detecting and correcting the error of the transmission data. COPYRIGHT KIPO 2017 (110) Unidirectional transmission unit (120) Unidirectional reception unit (AA) Safety area (BB) Non-safety area ...

다중 사용자 프레임 교환들에 대한 프로토콜들

... 본 개시의 특정 양상들은, 다중 사용자 bar 프로토콜들 및 프레임들에 대한 방법들 및 장치를 제공한다. 특정 양상들에 따르면, 무선 통신들을 위한 장치가 제공된다. 장치는 일반적으로, 복수의 디바이스들이 제 1 능력을 갖는다고 결정하고, 복수의 디바이스들로부터 즉시 응답을 신청하는 다중-사용자(MU) 패킷을 생성하도록 구성되는 프로세싱 시스템 ―즉시 응답은 확인응답(ACK) 또는 블록 ACK(BA)를 포함함―; 및 MU 패킷을 송신을 위해 출력하도록 구성되는 인터페이스를 포함한다.

디지털 방송 송신기, 디지털 방송 수신기 및 그들의 스트림 구성 및 처리 방법

... 디지털 방송 수신기의 스트림 처리 방법이 개시된다. 본 방법은, 기존 모바일 데이터에 할당되는 제1 영역과, 노멀 데이터에 할당되는 제2 영역으로 구분되며, 제2 영역 중 적어도 일부에는 기존 모바일 데이터와 별개로 모바일 데이터가 배치된 전송 스트림을 수신하는 수신 단계, 전송 스트림을 복조하는 복조 단계, 복조된 전송 스트림을 등화하는 등화 단계 및 등화된 전송 스트림으로부터 기존 모바일 데이터 및 모바일 데이터 중 적어도 하나를 디코딩하는 디코딩 단계를 포함할 수 있다. 이에 따라, 모바일 데이터 서비스를 보다 다양하게 지원할 수 있다.

método para transmitir pacotes de dados, e, terminal de comunicação

CLEAR CHANNEL ASSESSMENT FOR DETERMINING AVAILABILITY OF NON LICENSED SPECTRUM FOR EXTENDING LTE CAPACITY

RETRANSMISSION PROTOCOL AND CODING SCHEME FOR MULTICAST BROADCAST SERVICE

A method for the retransmission and coding of multicast broadcast services.

FLIT-BASED PARALLEL-FORWARD ERROR CORRECTION AND PARITY

A flit-based packetization approach is used for transmitting information between electronic components. A protocol stack can generate transaction layer packets from information received from a transmitting device, assemble the transaction layer packets into one or more flits, and protect the flits with a flit-level cyclic redundancy check (CRC) scheme and a flit-level forward error correction or parallel-forward error correction (FEC) scheme. Flit-level FEC schemes can provide improved latencies and efficiencies over per-lane FEC schemes. To improve retry probability, flits can contain information indicating whether immediately preceding flits are null flits. Receivers can avoid sending a retry request for a corrupted flit if a seceding flit indicates the corrupted flit is a null fit. Parity flits can be used to protect groups of flits and correct single-flit errors.

Preamble designs for sub-1GHz frequency bands

A system including a first preamble generator module configured to generate a first preamble for a first packet, which is a single-user packet. The first preamble includes a first short training field, a first long training field, a first signal field, and a second signal field. A second preamble generator module generates a second preamble for a second packet, which is a multi-user packet formatted as a multi-user packet or a single-user packet formatted as a multi-user packet. The second preamble is longer than the first preamble. The second preamble includes a second short training field, a second long training field, a third signal field, and a fourth signal field. A modulation module modulates at least one of the first signal field and the second signal field of the first preamble differently than at least one of the third signal field and the fourth signal field of the second preamble.

Method and system for providing scrambled coded multiple access (SCMA)

A multiple access scheme is described. A first bit stream is scrambled from a first terminal according to a first scrambling signature. A second bit stream is scrambled from a second terminal according to a second scrambling signature, wherein the first bit stream and the second bit stream are encoded using a low rate code. The first scrambling signature and the second scrambling signature are assigned, respectively, to the first terminal and the second terminal to provide a multiple access scheme.

SEARCH SPACE FOR EPDCCH CONTROL INFORMATION IN AN OFDM-BASED MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

The present invention relates to a method for receiving control information within a subframe of a multi-carrier communication system supporting carrier aggregation, the method comprising the following steps performed at a receiving node: performing a blind detection for the control information within a search space by means of a first search pattern, wherein the first search pattern is one of a plurality of search patterns, each of the plurality of search patterns comprising a plurality of candidates distributed on any of a plurality of aggregation levels, and wherein the plurality of search patterns further comprises a second search pattern whose candidates are non-overlapping the candidates of the first search pattern on the same aggregation levels.

Method for Indication of Consecutive Data Units in a RAN

An object of the present invention is to provide a mechanism for improving the performance of a radio access network. The object is achieved by a data packet (200) in a first network node (110). The first network node (110) is adapted to transmit the data packet (200) to a second network node (120), over a radio link (130). The first network node (110) and second network node (120) are comprised in a wireless communications network (100). The data packet (200) comprising a data packet header (210) and a data packet payload (220). The data packet header (210) comprising at least one length indicator (211, 212, 213, 214, 215). The data packet payload (220) comprising a number of consecutive packet data units (221, 222, 223), of the same specific size. The number of consecutive data units (221, 222, 223), of the same size is indicated in the data packet header (210) using a first length indicator of the at least one length indicators (211, 212, 213, 214, 215).

Apparatus for improved communication and associated methods

An apparatus includes a transmitter adapted to transmit encoded information to a communication link. The transmitter includes a DC balance skew generator. The DC balance skew generator is adapted to skew a DC balance of the information before information is provided to the communication link.

Data communication system and electronic control unit used therein

ПЕРЕДАЧА МАЯКА ПО НЕЛИЦЕНЗИРУЕМОМУ СПЕКТРУ

Изобретение относится к беспроводной связи. Технический результат направлен на увеличение пропускной способности беспроводной передачи за счет обеспечения передачи данных как в лицензированном, так и нелицензированном спектре. Способ беспроводной связи, в котором транслируют из усовершенствованного Узла Б (eNB) маяковые сигналы в нелицензируемом спектре в заранее установленные моменты, с которым ассоциируется eNB, причем сигналы нисходящей линии связи от нескольких eNB в развертывании eNB синхронизируются и одновременно передаются посредством упомянутых eNB в развертывании eNB в нелицензируемом спектре. 8 н. и 50 з.п. ф-лы, 56 ил.

ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ДЛЯ ВЫБОРА ТИПА СУБКАДРА ИЛИ ДЛЯ ПЕРЕМЕЖЕНИЯ СИГНАЛОВ ДЛЯ БЕСПРОВОДНОЙ СВЯЗИ ПО НЕЛИЦЕНЗИРОВАННОМУ СПЕКТРУ

Изобретение относится к связи по стандарту проекта долгосрочного развития (LTE), использующей нелицензированный спектр. Способ включает в себя формирование одного или обоих из PUCCH-сигналов и PUSCH-сигналов на основе перемеженных сигналов, которые увеличивают номинальную занятость полосы пропускания в нелицензированном спектре, и передачу сформированных сигналов в нелицензированном спектре. Технический результат заключается в обеспечении возможности мультиплексировать передачи различных пользователей для определенной величины полосы пропускания. 8 н. и 16 з. п. ф-лы, 56 ил.

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО В СИСТЕМЕ СВЯЗИ

... 1. Способ в терминале (120) для предоставления информации квитирования или информации отрицательного квитирования "ACK/NAK" на базовую станцию (110) относительно состояния приема пакетов данных, принятых в подкадре от базовой станции (110), способ содержит этапы, на которых: ! формируют (501) ACK/NAK, подлежащее отправке на базовую станцию (110), ! выбирают (504) код скремблирования, ! скремблируют (505) сформированное ACK/NAK выбранным кодом скремблирования, и ! отправляют (506) скремблированное ACK/NAK на базовую станцию (110). ! 2. Способ по п.1, содержащий дополнительный этап, на котором: ! извлекают (502) номер подкадра последнего принятого подкадра, и при этом выбор (504) кода скремблирования основан на извлеченном номере последнего принятого подкадра. ! 3. Способ по п.1, содержащий дополнительный этап, на котором: ! подсчитывают (503) число подкадров, принятых от базовой станции (110), и при этом выбор (504) кода скремблирования основан на общем числе принятых подкадров. ! 4. Способ ...

СХЕМА РЕЗЕРВИРОВАНИЯ С ПРОСЛУШИВАНИЕМ ПЕРЕД ПЕРЕДАЧЕЙ ДЛЯ БЕСПРОВОДНОЙ СВЯЗИ В НЕЛИЦЕНЗИРОВАННОМ СПЕКТРЕ

СИСТЕМЫ И СПОСОБЫ ВЫБОРА И КОНФИГУРИРОВАНИЯ СХЕМЫ МОДУЛЯЦИИ И КОДИРОВАНИЯ

Digitale Sende- und Empfangseinrichtungen zum Senden und Empfangen von Datenströmen sowie deren Verarbeitungsverfahren

Es wird ein Sendesystem bereitgestellt, das einen Transport-Stream (TS) sendet, der normale Daten und zusätzliche Daten enthält. Das Sendesystem umfasst einen Datenstrom-Konstruktor, der einen TS erzeugt, und einen Multiplexer (MUX), der dafür sorgt, dass Modus-Informationen, welche die Eigenschaften zusätzlicher Daten darstellen, im TS enthalten sind. Daher ist es einem Empfangssystem möglich, die zusätzlichen Daten effizient zu nutzen.

Improved lossy coding of signals

A method is described for packing variable-length entropy coded data 120 into a fixed rate data stream along with resolution enhancement data 130, the method providing tightly constrained propagation of transmission channel errors and graceful degradation of signal resolution as entropy-coded data rate increases. An application to a multiband ADPCM (Adaptive Predictive Pulse Code Modulation) audio codec is also described. Features described include maintaining a conveyor comprising a sequence of slots, A-H, including a start slot, H, and an end slot, A, wherein each slot is adapted to contain one or more bits and wherein the conveyor is adapted to effectively move the bit content of each slot to an adjacent slot after the passage of a time step, whereby bits are conveyed from earlier slots to later slots with the passage of each subsequent time step; and for each input signal/data/codeword: placing/distributing the bits of the input into slots of the conveyor; and retrieving a delayed/compactified ...

PROCEDURE AND ARRANGEMENT IN A TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM

TECHNIQUES FOR SELECTING SUBFRAME TYPE OR FOR INTERLEAVING SIGNALS FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS OVER UNLICENSED SPECTRUM

Methods and apparatuses are described in which an unlicensed spectrum is used for Long Term Evolution (LTE) communications. A first method includes generating a first single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) signal from the UE using at least one interleaved signal, wherein each interleaved signal of the at least one interleaved signal occupies a set of non-consecutive frequency resources such that each frequency resource in the set is separated from a neighboring frequency resource in the set by a fixed number of frequency resources outside of the set, and wherein the at least one interleaved signal increases nominal bandwidth occupancy in an unlicensed spectrum relative to a non-interleaved signal; and transmitting the generated first SC-FDMA PUSCH signal from the UE in the unlicensed spectrum, wherein the first SC FDMA PUSCH signal from the UE is transmitted in the unlicensed spectrum concurrently with a second SC-FDMA signal from ...

LISTEN-BEFORE-TALK RESERVATION SCHEME FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS OVER UNLICENSED SPECTRUM

Methods and apparatuses are described in which an unlicensed spectrum is used for Long Term Evolution (LTE) communications. In one embodiment, a method includes synchronizing, in an aligned clear channel assessment (CCA) period comprising a plurality of Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol positions, CCA slots to determine availability of a shared spectrum for transmissions in a next transmission interval, wherein a first CCA slot of the CCA slots is aligned with a first OFDM symbol position of the plurality of OFDM symbol positions and a second CCA slot of the CCA slots is aligned with a second OFDM symbol position of the OFDM symbol positions.

APPARATUS, SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PRODUCING COHERENT SYMBOLS IN A SINGLE FREQUENCY NETWORK

... ²²²A system, method, apparatus and computer code are provided for producing ²coherent symbols from digital RF transmitters. A multiplexer receives a ²digital signal containing content data to be broadcast from the digital RF ²transmitters and inserts a first initialization packet into the digital ²signal, where the initialization packets implicit position in the digital ²signal will signal data framing in the digital RF transmitters. Where the ²initialization packet contains stuff bytes for deterministically initializing ²Trellis coders in the digital RF transmitters. A transport stream emitter ²transmits the digital signal to the plurality of digital RF transmitters.² ...

DIGITAL BROADCAST TRANSMITTER, DIGITAL BROADCAST RECEIVER, AND METHODS FOR CONFIGURING AND PROCESSING STREAMS THEREOF

A method for processing a stream of a digital broadcast receiver is provided. The method which processes a stream that is divided into a first area allocated to first mobile data and a second area allocated to normal data, includes: receiving a transport stream including new mobile data in at least a part of the second area separately from the first mobile data, demodulating the transport stream, equalizing the demodulated transport stream, and decoding at least one of the first mobile data and the new mobile data from the equalized transport stream. Accordingly, mobile data services may be provided in various ways.

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MODULATION AND CODING SCHEME ADAPTATION AND POWER CONTROL IN A RELAY NETWORK

A method for determining a Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) and power control includes determining an error rate of a communication channel between the UA and at least one of the base station and the RN. When the error rate is below a first threshold, the method includes at least one of increasing the MCS, and reducing a transmission power of the UA. When the error rate is above a second threshold, the method includes at least one of decreasing the MCS, and increasing a transmission power of the UA.

Data transmission method, receiving method, device and system

PROCESS Of EQUALIZATION OF the SIZE OF the PACKAGES OF DATA PER BLOCKS Of a MULTI-MEDIA FLOW

전기통신 시스템에서의 방법 및 장치

... 전기통신 시스템에서 각각의 다운링크 서브프레임의 제어 영역에서의 다운링크 제어 채널들은 다운링크 제어 채널들의 적어도 하나의 공통 서브세트 및 다운링크 제어 채널들의 복수의 그룹 서브 채널들로 분할되어, 공통 서브세트 또는 각각의 공통 서브세트는 모든 사용자 장비에 의해 디코딩될 수 있고, 각각의 그룹 서브세트는 사용자 장비들의 제한된 그룹에 의해서만 디코딩된다. 그리고나서 사용자 장비에 대한 응답 할당 메시지들이 관련 그룹 서브세트의 다운링크 제어 채널 상에서 송신될 수 있어서 메시지들이 자신들에 대해 작동하지 않는 다수의 UE들에 의해 디코딩되어야 할 필요성을 방지하고, 반면에 브로드캐스트 메시지들은 관련 공통 서브세트의 다운링크 제어 채널에서 송신되어 메시지들이 다수회 송신될 필요성을 방지한다.

DIGITAL BROADCASTING TRANSMITTER RECEIVING AND PROCESSING A TRANSMISSION STREAM, A DIGITAL BROADCASTING RECEIVER, AND A METHOD FOR FORMING AND PROCESSING THE STREAMS OF THE TRANSMITTER AND THE RECEIVER

PURPOSE: A digital broadcasting transmitter, a digital broadcasting receiver, and a method for forming and processing the streams of the transmitter and the receiver are provided to change the transmission efficiency of mobile data by variously utilizing a packet allocated to normal data in a transmission stream. CONSTITUTION: A digital broadcasting transmitter includes a receiver(5100), a demodulator(5200), an equalizer(5300) and a decoder(5400). The receiver receives a transmission stream transmitted from a digital broadcasting transmitter through an antenna, a cable and so on. The demodulator demodulates the transmission stream received through the receiver, and the equalizer equalizes the demodulated stream. The decoder includes a first decoder and a second decoder. The first decoder performs a decoding operation for existing mobile data and/or new mobile data, and the second decoder performs an RS decoding operation fro the stream decoded in the first decoder. COPYRIGHT KIPO 2011 ...

APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR BLOCK ACKNOWLEDGMENT COMPRESSION

Systems, methods, and devices for compressing block acknowledgment (ACK) frames/packets are described herein. In some aspects, a method of communicating in a wireless network includes generating a compressed block acknowledgment frame including one or more of the following fields in a physical layer header: duration, receiver address, transmitter address, block acknowledgment control, block acknowledgment policy, compressed bitmap, compression control, starting sequence number. The method further includes transmitting the compressed block acknowledgment frame.

Information processing apparatus, information processing method, and program

An information processing apparatus includes a control unit. In a case of transmitting data by using wireless communication, the control unit performs control of performing transmission while including determination information with which a device in a transmission destination of the data determines in a data link layer whether to pass the data to a higher layer of the data link layer into the data. Also, in a case of receiving data by using wireless communication, the control unit performs control of determining whether to pass the data to a higher layer of a data link layer on the basis of information included in the data (determination information that can be grasped in data link layer).

FLEXIBLE UNIVERSAL EXTENDED FRAME STRUCTURE

Technology for an eNodeB to communicate with a user equipment (UE) using a extended downlink (DL) self-contained frame within a wireless communication network is disclosed. The eNodeB can process data to form an extended downlink (DL) self-contained frame, comprising: a first self-contained subframe including a DL control data, DL data, uplink (UL) control data, and one or more reference symbols; an Mth subframe is located subsequent to the first self-contained subframe, the Mth subframe including one or more resource elements configured for DL data, wherein M is a positive integer greater that is greater than one; and an Nth subframe that is subsequent to the Mth subframe, the Nth subframe including one or more resource elements configured for UL control data. The eNodeB can process the extended DL self-contained frame for transmission to the UE.

DATA RECOVERY SCHEME

A method of recovering data in a line signal which is predicted to be subjected to repetitive noise impulses, the line signal comprising a series of data frames, the method comprising the steps of: predicting a group comprising one or more frames in said line signal which are expected to be corrupted by a noise signal; blanking said group of one or more frames which are predicted to be corrupted; determining the preceding and succeeding frames adjacent to said group; and including in each said group or more frames one or more parity blocks wherein if said noise signal deviates from its predicted timing interval or duration and corrupts the data carried in one or more of said frames adjacent to said group, the corrupted data is recovered using one or more of said parity blocks of said group of blanked frames and the other one of said adjacent frames.

Resource Element Mapping for Interference Cancellation Friendly New Air Interface

A new air interface that is interference cancellation friendly is proposed. In one novel aspect, a base station uses one subband as the basic scheduling unit for each transport block if CWIC is configured, e.g., by static or semi-static signaling. By the use of proper bit selection and resource element mapping, the coded bits of a same code block are transmitted in the same subband. The transmission of a subband includes an integer multiple number of code blocks. As a result, only interfering code blocks at subbands co-scheduled with desired transport blocks are decoded and cancelled. 1. A method , comprising:segmenting information bits of a transport block (TB) into a plurality of code blocks by a base station in a mobile communication network, wherein the TB is to be transmitted to a user equipment (UE) and each code block has a predefined size;performing encoding and rate matching for each code block based on a code rate of the TB, wherein a number of encoded bits is selected for the TB transmission;performing resource element (RE) mapping to map the number of selected encoded bits onto an allocated resource block across multiple allocated subbands, wherein encoded bits of the same code block are mapped to the same subband; andtransmitting an OFDM radio signal associated with the number of selected encoded bits of the TB to the UE.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the allocated resource block comprises a number of OFDM symbols in time domain and a number of subcarriers in frequency domain across the multiple allocated subbands.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein each allocated subband comprises a first predetermined number of resource elements.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein each code block occupies a second predetermined number of resource elements.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the number of encoded bits is selected based on the second predetermined number of resource elements occupied for each code block such that there are integer multiple numbers of ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PROVIDING SCRAMBLED CODED MULTIPLE ACCESS (SCMA)

A multiple access scheme is described. A first bit stream is scrambled from a first terminal according to a first scrambling signature. A second bit stream is scrambled from a second terminal according to a second scrambling signature, wherein the first bit stream and the second bit stream are encoded using a low rate code. The first scrambling signature and the second scrambling signature are assigned, respectively, to the first terminal and the second terminal to provide a multiple access scheme.

ＷＬＡＮ用の物理層フレーム形式

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ ОБСЛУЖИВАЮЩЕЙ СОТЫ HS-DSCH

Изобретение относится к системам связи. Технический результат заключается в усовершенствовании процедуры передачи обслуживания. Раскрыты способ и устройство для выполнения изменения обслуживающей соты высокоскоростного совместно используемого канала нисходящей линии связи (HS-DSCH) с исходной соты на целевую соту. Контроллер радиосети (RNC) может предварительно загружать блок беспроводной передачи/приема (WTRU) конфигурацией HS-DSCH для целевой соты. WTRU принимает и сохраняет предварительно загруженную конфигурацию HS-DSCH. WTRU может начинать контроль высокоскоростного совместно используемого канала управления (HS-SCCH) в целевой соте с использованием предварительно загруженной конфигурации HS-DSCH для целевой соты при условии, что отчет об измерении инициирован событием ID. WTRU может запускать таймер, когда WTRU начинает контроль HS-SCCH в целевой соте, и останавливать контроль HS-SCCH в целевой соте при истечении таймера. 2 н. и 12 з.п. ф-лы, 3 ил.

ИНДИКАТОР НОВОГО ПАКЕТА ДЛЯ ПРОТОКОЛА RLC

Изобретение относится к средствам передачи пакетов данных. Технический результат заключается в уменьшении ошибок при сегментации и слиянии пакетов данных. Инкапсулируют сегмент данных для пакета данных более высокого уровня в пакет данных более низкого уровня, причем пакет данных более высокого уровня включает в себя модули данных протокола, PDU, уровня Управления Логическим Каналом, LLC, а пакет данных более низкого уровня включает в себя блоки данных уровня Управления Линией Радиосвязи, RLC, для передачи по сети Расширенной Пакетной Радиосвязи Общего Назначения, EGPRS. Добавляют индикатор нового пакета, установленный в заранее определенное значение, в заголовок пакета данных более низкого уровня, если сегмент данных содержит начало нового пакета данных более высокого уровня, чтобы указать начало нового пакета данных более высокого уровня. Добавляют индикатор длины в заголовок пакета данных более низкого уровня, если сегмент данных содержит окончание пакета данных более высокого уровня ...

СООБЩЕНИЕ АУТЕНТИФИЦИРОВАННОГО ПОДТВЕРЖДЕНИЯ И АКТИВАЦИИ

Изобретение относится к области связи. Технический результат состоит в уменьшении накладных расходов на сообщение, требуемое для проверки аутентичности. Для этого варианты осуществления обеспечивают передатчик данных для передачи данных к приемнику данных, причем индивидуальная информации связи известна передатчику данных и приемнику данных, причем передатчик данных сконфигурирован, чтобы генерировать индивидуальную последовательность синхронизации с использованием индивидуальной информации связи. 13 н. и 44 з.п. ф-лы, 12 ил.

ПЕРЕДАЧА МАЯКА ПО НЕЛИЦЕНЗИРУЕМОМУ СПЕКТРУ

Pattern-dependent error correction method and system

A pattern-dependent error correction method and system for a code group alignment finite state machine (FSM) are disclosed. A state corrector generates a start-of-stream delimiter (SSD) detected signal to the FSM when the FSM is in an idle state and at least one condition due to a lost SSD signal is met; and the state corrector generates an idle detected signal to the FSM when at least one condition due to a lost idle signal is met. A pattern corrector generates a corrected code pattern {J,K} to FSM when the FSM is in an idle state and at least one condition due to a false idle state is met; and the pattern corrector generates a corrected code pattern {T,R} to the FSM when the FSM is in a data state, a start of stream state or a data error state, and at least one condition due to a false packet end is met.

System and method for achieving accelerated throughput

Systems and methods for transporting data between two endpoints over an encoded channel are disclosed. Data transmission units (data units) from the source network are received at an encoding component logically located between the endpoints. These first data units are subdivided into second data units and are transmitted to the destination network over the transport network. Also transmitted are encoded or extra second data units that allow the original first data units to be recreated even if some of the second data units are lost. These encoded second data units may be merely copies of the second data units transmitted, parity second data units, or second data units which have been encoded using erasure correcting coding. At the receiving endpoint, the second data units are received and are used to recreate the original first data units.

Component carrier uplink maximum transmission power reporting scheme for carrier aggregation

Embodiments of the present disclosure describe method, apparatus, and system configurations for reporting uplink maximum transmission power for each component carrier of a carrier aggregation scheme. A method includes establishing, by a user equipment (UE), a communication link with an enhanced node B (eNB) station of an Internet Protocol (IP) based wireless communication network, and sending, by the UE to the eNB station, a message that includes information for a Power Headroom Report (PHR) and a value that indicates an uplink maximum transmission power P CMAX,c for individual active component carriers of a carrier aggregation scheme. Other embodiments may be described and/or claimed.

System and method for efficient frequency estimation in burst-mode communication

Aspects of the invention provide a method of introducing pilot symbols for synchronization that minimizes overhead while allowing for a large frequency uncertainty by inserting the pilot groups non-periodically in burst communication systems. The pilot sequence could be used for establishing all synchronization, including timing, frequency and phase, or, alternatively, it could be used only for carrier phase and frequency estimation with some other means used for establishing start-of-burst timing.

SYSTEMS/METHODS OF ADAPTIVELY VARYING A BANDWIDTH AND/OR FREQUENCY CONTENT OF COMMUNICATIONS

Embodiments are provided wherein a bandwidth of a waveform sequence that is transmitted by a transmitter in order to convey information is varied. According to additional embodiments, a set of frequencies that is used to provide frequency content to the waveform sequence is also varied and comprises non-contiguous first and second frequency intervals wherein a third frequency interval that is between the first and second frequency intervals remains devoid of providing frequency content to the waveform sequence in order to avoid interference. The invention is relevant to 4G LTE carrier aggregation systems/methods and/or other aspects of 4G LTE. Various transmitter/receiver embodiments are disclosed including direct synthesis transmitter/receiver embodiments. 1. A communications method comprising:{'sub': 'k', 'processing by a processor an input bit sequence {b} to thereby form an information symbol sequence {I}; wherein k denotes values of discrete time; k=1, 2, . . . ;'}{'sub': k', 'k, 'mapping by the processor the information symbol sequence {I} into a waveform sequence {U(nT)}; wherein for each value of k, n=1, 2, . . . , N; and'}{'sub': 'k', 'conveying information by a transmitter by transmitting the waveform sequence {U(nT)};'}{'sub': k', 'k, 'wherein the processor is configured to vary a bandwidth B of the waveform sequence {U(nT)}, without resorting to chipping in order to vary the bandwidth B of the waveform sequence, by using for said mapping first and second waveform elements that differ therebetween in bandwidth such that first and second waveform symbols of the waveform sequence {U(nT)} comprise respective first and second bandwidths that differ therebetween; and/or'}{'sub': k', 'k, 'wherein the processor is configured to vary a frequency range that is used to provide frequency content to the waveform sequence {U(nT)}, without resorting to chipping in order to vary the frequency range, by using for said mapping third and fourth waveform elements that ...

SYSTEM AND A METHOD OF REGULATING A SLICER FOR A COMMUNICATION RECEIVER

The invention is directed to a system and method of regulating a slicer for a communication receiver. A zero-crossing accumulator receives a slicer output from the slicer and accordingly determines a zero-crossing length of the slicer output. A threshold decision unit regulates at least one threshold value of the slicer according to the zero-crossing length. 1. A system of regulating a slicer for a communication receiver , the system comprising:a zero-crossing accumulator configured to receive a slicer output from the slicer and accordingly determine a zero-crossing length of the slicer output; anda threshold decision unit configured to regulate at least one threshold value of the slicer according to the zero-crossing length.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the zero-crossing accumulator determines the zero-crossing length by accumulating a plurality of clocked samples of the zero-crossing claim 1 , thereby resulting in an accumulated number.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the threshold decision unit regulates the at least one threshold value for a subsequent frame according to the zero-crossing length of a current frame.4. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a loop filter configured to smooth out a plurality of the determined zero-crossing lengths between or among a current frame and at least one preceding frame claim 1 , wherein the filtered zero-crossing length is then fed to the threshold decision unit.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein an absolute value of the threshold value is decreased by the threshold decision unit when the zero-crossing length becomes larger; and the absolute value of the threshold value is increased claim 1 , by the threshold decision unit when the zero-crossing length becomes smaller.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the slicer output adopts a coding claim 1 , in which each data bit has at least one transition.7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the coding is Manchester coding.8. A method of regulating a slicer for a ...

Transmitter, receiver, communication system, and communication method

Provided is a transmitter for transmitting signals by means of the STBC method or the DSTBC method, wherein communication is carried out effectively. The transmitter for transmitting signals by means of the STBC method or the DSTBC method has the following configuration. A frame in which synchronization words are arranged at specified positions is used. An encoding means in the transmitter encodes the entire frame to be transmitted including the synchronization words, by means of the STBC method or the DSTBC method. It is also possible to implement a communication system and a communication method for communicating signals by means of the STBC method or the DSTBC method.

SUPERPOSITION CODING FOR NETWORK COMMUNICATION

The apparatus, systems, and methods described herein may operate to encode a first part of a message into an index, and to encode a second part of the message into a sequence of matrices such that at least one of row spaces or rank of the matrices is determined by the index. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are described. 1. A computer-implemented method , comprising:encoding a first part of a message into an index; andencoding, using one or more processors, a second part of the message into a sequence of matrices such that at least one of row spaces or ranks of the matrices is determined by the index.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the index comprises one or more values indicating at least one cloud center comprising at least one of a first sequence of subspaces or a second sequence of integers specifying the rank.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the sequence of matrices comprises a codeword indicating a satellite code corresponding to the at least one cloud center.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:transmitting each matrix of the matrices over a network separately from other matrices.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:transmitting a plurality of columns of at least one matrix of the matrices over a network using a same number of data packets as the plurality.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:performing linear network coding of data packets associated with one or more of the matrices.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the linear network coding is performed by an intermediate node separate from a source node and a destination node.8. The method of claim 6 , wherein the linear network coding is performed based on determining that the data packets correspond to columns of one of the matrices.9. The method of claim 6 , wherein a network transfer matrix used for the linear network coding is not revealed to a source node or to a destination node.10. A computer-implemented method claim 6 , comprising:transforming one or ...

Method And System For Improved Cross Polarization Rejection And Tolerating Coupling Between Satellite Signals

Methods and systems for improved cross polarization rejection and tolerating of coupling between satellite signals may comprise receiving radio frequency (RF) signals on a chip, where the RF signals comprising a desired signal and at least one crosstalk signal. The received RF signals may be down-converted to baseband frequencies, and the down-converted signals are converted to digital signals. Crosstalk may be determined by estimating complex coupling coefficients between the received RF signals utilizing a de-correlation algorithm across a frequency bandwidth comprising the desired and crosstalk signals. The down-converted signals may be low-pass filtered and summed with an output signal from a cancellation filter. The complex coupling coefficients may be determined utilizing the de-correlation algorithm on the summed signals, and may be used to configure the cancellation filter. Crosstalk may be canceled in a receiver path from a cancellation filter receiving low-pass filtered down-converted signals from another path. 1. A method for wireless communication , the method comprising:receiving radio frequency (RF) signals on a chip, said RF signals comprising a desired signal and at least one crosstalk signal;down-converting the received RF signals to baseband frequencies;converting the down-converted signals to digital signals;determining crosstalk between channels in the received RF signals by calculating complex coupling coefficients between the received RF signals utilizing a de-correlation algorithm across a frequency bandwidth comprising said desired and crosstalk signals; andextracting data communicated by said desired signal by utilizing said complex coupling coefficients to cancel the crosstalk between said channels in the received RF signals.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the de-correlation algorithm comprises a blind source separation algorithm.3. The method according to claim 1 , comprising approximating said crosstalk as linear within said ...

Systems/methods of adaptively varying a bandwidth and/or frequency content of communications

A bandwidth that is allocated to a transmitted waveform need not be contiguous in frequency space and a frequency content of the transmitted waveform may vary, as needed, even on a signaling interval by signaling interval basis, in order to accommodate a desired transfer rate, reduce or avoid interference and/or enhance an end user experience. According to embodiments of the invention, a set of frequencies that is used to provide frequency content to elements of a waveform alphabet, used to form the transmitted waveform, is varied thus varying a frequency content of the transmitted waveform. A time span associated with the elements of the waveform alphabet may also be varied. Various transmitter/receiver embodiments are disclosed including direct synthesis transmitter/receiver embodiments.

Adaptive Data Recovery

This application presents an adaptive data recovery (ADR) of original data symbols from intervals or parameters of tone signals derived from a received OFDM signal, conducted without compensating distortions or noise introduced to the received OFDM signal by an OFDM transmission channel. Such ADR is implemented by converting back the derived intervals or parameters into original data symbols corresponding to distinctive sets of the intervals or parameters which the derived intervals or parameters belong to. 1. A method for adaptive data recovery (ADR) from a received orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal , produced by a circuit for an original data coding converting transmitted data symbols into a transmitted OFDM signal and a transmission system transforming the transmitted OFDM signal into the received OFDM signal wherein the transformation introduces distortions and noise to the received OFDM signal , by an adaptive data decoding of the transmitted data symbols from intervals of tone signals of the received OFDM signal wherein the intervals of the tone signals correspond to cycles or half-cycles of the tone signals; wherein the ADR method comprises the steps of:defining distinctive sets of the intervals of the tone signals wherein each of the distinctive sets comprises the intervals of the tone signals representing a one of the transmitted data symbols;defining the adaptive data decoding by specifying the transmitted data symbols corresponding to the distinctive sets, in order to enable a reversal of both the original data coding and the transformation of the transmitted OFDM signal into the received OFDM signal without compensating effects of the distortions or the noise on the tone signals;producing, using a received signal processor, the intervals of the tone signals from the received OFDM signal;applying the adaptive data decoding to the produced intervals of the tone signals by identifying the distinctive sets of the intervals of the tone ...

TRANSMITTING APPARATUS AND MAPPING METHOD THEREOF

A transmitting apparatus is disclosed. The transmitting apparatus includes an encoder to perform channel encoding with respect to bits and generate a codeword, an interleaver to interleave the codeword, and a modulator to map the interleaved codeword onto a non-uniform constellation according to a modulation scheme, and the constellation may include constellation points defined based on various tables according to the modulation scheme. 2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the interleaving comprises:splitting the codeword into a plurality of bit groups; andinterleaving the plurality of bit group.3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the mapping comprises:demultiplexing the bits of the interleaved codeword into parallel streams to generate cells; andmapping the cells onto the constellation points. This application is a Continuation of application Ser. No. 14/716,222 filed May 19, 2015, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.Apparatuses and methods consistent with exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept relate to transmitting and receiving date using broadcasting, more particularly, to the design of non-uniform constellations used in a Bit Interleaved Coded Modulation (BICM) mapping bits at an output of an encoder and interleaver to complex constellations.The current broadcasting systems consistent with the Digital Video Broadcasting Second Generation Terrestrial (DVB-T2) use a Bit Interleaved and Coded Modulation (BICM) chain in order to encode bits to be transmitted. The BICM chain includes a channel encoder like a Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) encoder followed by a Bit Interleaver and a Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) mapper. The role of the QAM mapper is to map different bits output from the channel encoder and interleaved using the Bit Interleaver to QAM cells. Each cell represents a complex number having real and imaginary part. The QAM mapper groups M bits into one cell. Each cell is ...

TRANSMISSION APPARATUS AND METHOD, AND RECEPTION APPARATUS AND METHOD

Signal transmission with symbol correction is disclosed. In one example, processing includes selection of one of known data and unknown data for each of symbols, as transmission data, while selecting a symbol of the known data for a reception side at one or both of timings of immediately before and immediately after selection of a symbol of unknown data for the reception side, modulation of each of the symbols of the selected transmission data, and transmission of a transmission signal obtained. Moreover, processing includes: reception of a transmission signal transmitted from a transmission side; and correction of a symbol of unknown data included in the received transmission signal on the basis of a symbol of known data included in the received transmission signal. 1. A transmission apparatus comprising:a selection unit that selects one of knows data and unknown data for each of symbols, as transmission data, while selecting a symbol of the known data for a reception side at one or both of timings of immediately before and immediately after selection of a symbol of the unknown data for the reception side;a modulation unit that modulates each of the symbols of the transmission data, selected by the selection unit; anda transmission unit that transmits a transmission signal obtained by modulation of each of the symbols of the transmission data performed by the modulation unit.2. The transmission apparatus according to claim 1 ,wherein the known data is a synchronization pattern for synchronization.3The transmission apparatus according to claim 1 ,wherein the modulation unit applies Gaussian filtered minimum shift keying (GMSK) modulation to each of symbols of the transmission data.4. The transmission apparatus according to claim 3 ,wherein the modulation unit further applies chirp modulation on the transmission data.5. The transmission apparatus according to claim 1 ,wherein the transmission. unit transmits the transmission signal a plurality of times.6. The ...

System and Method for Auto-Detection of WLAN Packets using STF

A method of auto-detection of WLAN packets includes selecting a first Golay sequence from a first pair of Golay complementary sequences associated with first packet type, each Golay sequence of the first pair of Golay complementary sequences being zero correlation zone (ZCZ) sequences with each Golay sequence of a second pair of Golay complementary sequences associated with a second packet type, and transmitting a wireless packet carrying a short training field (STF) that includes one or more instances of the first Golay sequence. 1. A method comprising:receiving a wireless packet comprising a short training field (STF);determining cross-correlations between the STF and a first preamble component sequence from a first set of preamble component sequences associated with a first packet type and between the STF and a second preamble component sequence from a second set of preamble component sequences associated with a second packet type, the first preamble component sequence and the second preamble component sequence having a zero correlation zone (ZCZ) property; anddetermining that the wireless packet is the second packet type when there is a greater correlation between the STF and the second preamble component sequence than between the STF and the first preamble component sequence.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first packet type is an Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11ad packet type claim 1 , and the second packet type is an IEEE 802.11ay packet type.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ZCZ property is a ZCZ of at least 64 symbol time slots in width.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first set of preamble component sequences comprise preamble component sequences Gaand Gb.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second set of preamble component sequences comprise preamble component sequences Gaand Gb.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second set of preamble component sequences comprise mutual ZCZ sequences.7. The method of ...

TRANSMITTING APPARATUS AND MAPPING METHOD THEREOF

A transmitting apparatus is disclosed. The transmitting apparatus includes an encoder to perform channel encoding with respect to bits and generate a codeword, an interleaver to interleave the codeword, and a modulator to map the interleaved codeword onto a non-uniform constellation according to a modulation scheme, and the constellation may include constellation points defined based on various tables according to the modulation scheme. This application is a Continuation of application Ser. No. 15/705,749 filed Sep. 15, 2017, which is a Continuation of application Ser. No. 14/716,222 filed May 19, 2015, and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,800,365, on Oct. 24, 2017, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.Apparatuses and methods consistent with exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept relate to transmitting and receiving date using broadcasting, more particularly, to the design of non-uniform constellations used in a Bit Interleaved Coded Modulation (BICM) mapping bits at an output of an encoder and interleaver to complex constellations.The current broadcasting systems consistent with the Digital Video Broadcasting Second Generation Terrestrial (DVB-T2) use a Bit Interleaved and Coded Modulation (BICM) chain in order to encode bits to be transmitted. The BICM chain includes a channel encoder like a Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) encoder followed by a Bit Interleaver and a Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) mapper. The role of the QAM mapper is to map different bits output from the channel encoder and interleaved using the Bit Interleaver to QAM cells. Each cell represents a complex number having real and imaginary part. The QAM mapper groups M bits into one cell. Each cell is translated into a complex number. M, which is the number of bits per cell, is equal to 2 for QPSK, 4 for 16QAM, 6 for 64QAM, and 8 for 256. It is possible to use a higher QAM size in order to increase a throughput. For example: 1K QAM is a ...

Word Boundary Lock

In an embodiment, a method for determining a word boundary in an incoming data stream includes initializing an N bit register with initial content, receiving a number of consecutive N bit words of the incoming data stream and processing each of the number of consecutive N bit words. The processing includes performing operations per bit position of the register, including performing an XOR operation on a corresponding received data bit and a next received data bit, performing an AND operation on a current state of the bit position of the register and a result of the XOR operation, and storing a result of the AND operation to update the state of the bit position of the register. The word boundary is defined based on the content of the register following the processing of the number of consecutive N bit words.

Spatial Routing Among Microwave Backhaul Transceivers

A first microwave backhaul transceiver may comprise a plurality of antenna elements. The transceiver may determine atmospheric conditions between it and one or more potential link partners, and adjust a radiation pattern of the plurality of antenna elements based on the determined atmospheric conditions. A first radiation pattern of the plurality of antenna elements may correspond to a first microwave backhaul link between the first microwave transceiver and a second microwave backhaul transceiver. A second radiation pattern of the plurality of antenna elements may correspond to a second microwave backhaul link between the first microwave transceiver and a third microwave backhaul transceiver. The transceiver may adjust the radiation pattern based on characteristics of data to be transmitted, and based on a routing table it maintains. 120-. (canceled)21. A system comprising:a sensor operable to measure atmospheric conditions in a communication area of a wireless transceiver, wherein the atmospheric conditions comprise at least one condition other than radio frequency signal strength; anda digital processor operable to select an antenna radiation pattern of a plurality of antenna radiation patterns according to the atmospheric conditions and a characteristic of data to be transmitted, wherein a first antenna radiation pattern of the plurality of antenna radiation patterns corresponds to a first link between the wireless transceiver and a first remote transceiver, and wherein a second antenna radiation pattern of the plurality of antenna radiation patterns corresponds to a second link between the wireless transceiver and a second remote transceiver.22. The system of claim 21 , wherein the digital processor is operable to adjust the antenna radiation pattern while maintaining one or more active links.23. The system of claim 21 , wherein the digital processor is operable to adjust the antenna radiation pattern according to a change in the characteristic of the data to ...

UPLINK CONTROL SIGNALING IN CELLULAR TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A method, apparatus, and computer program for controlling allocation of control message fields in uplink transmission in a cellular telecommunication system are presented. Uplink control message fields are allocated to the resources of a physical uplink shared traffic channel according to an uplink transmission scheme selected for a user terminal. The control message fields are allocated so that transmission performance of the control messages is optimized for the selected uplink transmission scheme. 1. A method performed by a base station , the method comprising:receiving, from a user terminal, first coded control information via a first spatial stream and concurrently receiving second coded control information via a second spatial stream, wherein the first and second spatial streams are multiple input multiple output (MIMO) spatial streams that were transmitted via respective different antennas, and further wherein the first spatial stream and the second spatial stream use single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA);despreading the first coded control information with a first spreading code and despreading the second coded control information with a second spreading code to generate control information, wherein the first spreading code is different than the second spreading code, and wherein the control information is acknowledgement (ACK)/negative acknowledgement (NACK) information or rank indicator information.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first coded control information is descrambled by a first scrambling code and the second coded control information is descrambled by a second scrambling code.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first coded control information is punctured and the second coded control information is punctured.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first coded control information and the second coded control information are received via a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH).5. The method of claim 4 , further ...

ULTRA-RELIABILITY FOR CELLULAR VEHICLE-TO-EVERYTHING (C-V2X) PC5 COMMUNICATIONS

Techniques are described to provide ultra-reliability for cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) PC5 communications, including Network Assisted mode and Autonomous mode communications. In one example, a method includes receiving, by a radio unit of a system, a communication from a user equipment, such as a V2X-UE, wherein the communication comprises a data packet, a Layer 2 destination identifier, and an indication that the data packet is associated with a transmission type; determining whether transmission for the data packet is allowed for the transmission type; based on determining that transmission for the data packet is allowed for the transmission type, communicating a response to the UE, wherein the response provides a confirmation to the UE that the data packet was received by the radio unit and that the transmission type can be performed by the radio unit; and transmitting, by the radio unit, the data packet to one or more other UEs. 1. A method comprising:receiving, by a radio unit of a system, a communication from a user equipment (UE), wherein the communication comprises a data packet, a Layer 2 destination identifier, and an indication that the data packet is associated with a transmission type;determining, by the radio unit, whether transmission for the data packet is allowed for the transmission type;based on determining that transmission for the data packet is allowed for the transmission type, communicating a response to the UE, wherein the response provides a confirmation to the UE that the data packet was received by the radio unit and that the transmission type can be performed by the radio unit; andtransmitting, by the radio unit, the data packet to one or more other UEs.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the indication indicates that that data packet is associated with an Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication (URLLC) transmission.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the radio unit is one of:at least one of a Third Generation Partnership ...

INTELLIGENT OPTIMIZATION OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS UTILIZING ERROR CORRECTION

Disclosed in some examples are methods, systems, devices, and machine-readable mediums which optimize one or more metrics of a communication system by intentionally changing symbols in a bitstream after encoding by an error correction coder, but prior to transmission. The symbols may be changed to meet a communication metric optimization goal, such as decreasing a high PAPR, reducing an error rate, reducing an average power level (to save battery), or altering some other communication metric. The symbol that is intentionally changed is then detected by the receiver as an error and corrected by the receiver utilizing the error correction coding. 1. A device for transmitting data , the device comprising:a processor; receiving a bitstream for transmission, the bitstream including a plurality of symbols;', 'determining optimization data comprising one or more of: a communication metric of a communication channel that the bitstream is transmitted across or a device context of the device, the device context comprising an operating characteristic of the device;', 'selecting a first optimization goal from a plurality of optimization goals based upon the optimization data;', 'changing a value of a first symbol from a first value to a second value, the first symbol selected and changed to the second value to achieve the first optimization goal;', 'transmitting the first symbol at the second value;', 'updating the optimization data after transmitting the first symbol;', 'selecting a second optimization goal from the plurality of optimization goals that is different than the first optimization goal in response to the updated optimization data;', 'changing a value of a second symbol from a third value to a fourth value, the second symbol selected and changed to the fourth value to achieve the second optimization goal; and', 'transmitting the second symbol at the fourth value., 'a memory, the memory storing instructions, which when executed by the processor cause the processor to ...

Receiving apparatus and method

A receiving apparatus for receiving signals in a transmission system transmitted based on a frame structure including signaling data and payload data. The receiving apparatus includes a receiver configured to receive a transmission signal, a frame demapper configured to demap signaling data blocks and payload data patterns from the frames of the frame structure of the received transmission signal, wherein a signaling data block is assumed to include a number of data corresponding to a number of a signaling data pattern, wherein the signaling data patterns are split into n signaling data portions, n being a positive integer, in which n signaling portions are mapped onto n or less frames, and a demodulation decoder is configured to separately demodulate and decode the signaling data blocks and payload data patterns to obtain signaling data and payload data.

METHODS, SYSTEM AND USER EQUIPMENT OF A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORK FOR DETERMINING TRANSMISSION CONDITIONS FOR A REAL-TIME MEDIA FLOW

Disclosed is a method performed by a system of a wireless communication network for determining transmission conditions for a real-time media flow to be transmitted wirelessly to a first User Equipment, UE, residing in a first cell served by a first base station of the network. The method comprises obtaining radio network statistics of the first cell, the radio network statistics comprising radio network data for individual of a plurality of UEs in the first cell, UE throughput for individual of the plurality of UEs, and UE packet loss or packet delay for individual of the plurality of UEs, and obtaining, at a second time point occurring later in time than the obtaining of the radio network statistics, radio network data for the first UE. The method further comprises determining a predicted first UE throughput and a predicted first UE packet loss or packet delay based on the obtained radio network statistics of the first cell and on the obtained radio network data for the first UE, and triggering sending of information of the predicted first UE throughput and of the predicted first UE packet loss or excessive packet delay to a sender of the real-time media flow to the first UE. A Forward Error Correction, FEC, optimization module takes the predicted UE packet loss rate, the predicted UE throughput, and adapts the amount of FEC redundancy packets according to the throughput and packet loss rate. Further, the adapted amount of FEC redundancy packets are then used by the sender of the video when transmitting the video. 1. A method performed by a system of a wireless communication network for determining transmission conditions for a real-time media flow to be transmitted wirelessly to a first User Equipment , UE , residing in a first cell served by a first base station of the network , the method comprising:obtaining radio network statistics of the first cell, the radio network statistics comprising radio network data for individual of a plurality of UEs in the first ...

TECHNIQUES FOR DECODING DOWNLINK CONTROL INFORMATION WITH DIFFERENT SIZES IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS

Aspects described herein relate to decoding downlink control information (DCI) based on multiple DCI sizes. A first hypothesis of multiple hypotheses for decoding a communication received in a control channel search space, wherein the multiple hypotheses are based on different corresponding DCI sizes can be determined. The communication received in the control channel search space can be decoded based on the first hypothesis. For each of the multiple hypotheses and based on the different corresponding DCI sizes, information bits can be extracted from the communication as decoded. For each extracting of the information bits, cyclic redundancy check (CRC) can be performed based on one of the different corresponding DCI sizes to determine whether extracting of the information bits yields DCI. 1. A method of wireless communication , comprising:determining a first hypothesis of multiple hypotheses for decoding a communication received in a control channel search space, wherein the multiple hypotheses are based on different corresponding downlink control information (DCI) sizes;decoding, based on the first hypothesis, the communication received in the control channel search space;extracting, for each of the multiple hypotheses and based on the different corresponding DCI sizes, information bits from the communication as decoded; andperforming, for each extracting of the information bits, cyclic redundancy check (CRC) based on one of the different corresponding DCI sizes to determine whether extracting of the information bits yields DCI.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the first hypothesis comprises determining which of the multiple hypotheses corresponds to a largest DCI size.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the first hypothesis is based at least in part on determining the multiple hypotheses correspond to at least one of a same codeword size and a same rate match mode.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the first hypothesis is based ...

METHODS AND APPARATUS TO PERFORM SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS

Methods and apparatus to perform serial communications are disclosed. An example serial data transmitter includes: a clock signal generator to generate a digital clock signal; a clock signal controller to enable the clock signal generator; a line break signal generator to, in response to an expiration of a time period, trigger the transmission of a transmission line check frame; a data integrity check generator to generate error detection data corresponding to first data to be transmitted via the transmission port; a signal framer to: generate a first data frame having a preamble, second data, third data, the first data, the error detection data, and fourth data; and generate the transmission line check frame. 1. A serial data transmitter , comprising:a clock signal generator to generate a digital clock signal at a clock signal port when the clock signal generator is enabled;a clock signal controller to enable the clock signal generator during first times when data is to be transmitted via a unidirectional transmission port and to disable the clock signal generator during second times when there is no data to be transmitted;a line break signal generator to, in response to an expiration of a time period, trigger the transmission of a transmission line check frame;a data integrity check generator to generate error detection data corresponding to first data to be transmitted via the transmission port; in response to receiving the first data and an indication that the first data is to be transmitted via the transmission port, generate a first data frame having a preamble, second data indicating a start of the first data frame, third data indicating that the first data frame contains user data, the first data, the error detection data, and fourth data indicating an end of the first data frame; and', 'generate the transmission line check frame for serial transmission via the transmission port., 'a signal framer to2. The serial data transmitter as disclosed in claim 1 , ...

PACKET-LOSS CONCEALMENT IMPROVEMENT

A method of updating the state of a decoder that decodes a wide-band signal including a plurality of sub-band signals, including: receiving the plurality of sub-band signals; for each sub-band signal, storing portions of that sub-band signal in a respective buffer; responsive to determining that a portion of the wide-band signal is degraded, performing a packet loss concealment algorithm to determine wide-band replacement data for the degraded portion; selecting a portion of the sub-band signal stored in each buffer in dependence on the determined wide-band replacement data; and updating the state of the decoder using the selected portions. 1. A method of updating the state of a decoder that decodes a wide-band signal including a plurality of sub-band signals , comprising:receiving the plurality of sub-band signals;for each sub-band signal, storing portions of that sub-band signal in a respective buffer;responsive to determining that a portion of the wide-band signal is degraded, performing a packet loss concealment algorithm to determine wide-band replacement data for the degraded portion;selecting a portion of the sub-band signal stored in each buffer in dependence on the determined wide-band replacement data; andupdating the state of the decoder using the selected portions.2. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the decoder comprises a synthesis filterbank.3. A method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the synthesis filterbank comprises a plurality of buffers equal to the number of sub-band signals.4. A method as claimed in claim 3 , comprising updating the state of the decoder using the selected portions by inputting the selected portion from each buffer into the respective buffer of the synthesis filterbank.5. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein responsive to determining that a portion of the wide-band signal is not degraded claim 1 , inputting the received sub-band signals corresponding to that portion into the synthesis filter bank to generate a wide- ...

Efficiency of traffic communication over a downlink (dl) channel

An apparatus and method for communication including determining an assignment for one of a plurality of symbol durations in a format combination; determining if at least one bit from one or more first upper channels is available if the assignment is associated with the one or more first upper channels and occupying the one of the plurality of symbol durations with the at least one bit, or if unavailable, occupying the one of the plurality of symbol durations with at least one bit from one or more second upper channels or another first upper channel, wherein the first upper channels and the second upper channels are different; and disabling transmission of format information; or including enabling a BTFD hypothesis testing mode; receiving one or more symbol durations on a physical channel; and attempting to decode the received symbol duration with a first hypothesis that a DCCH channel is not transmitted.

Authentication of a subscribed code table user utilizing optimized code table signaling

In various embodiments, a computer-implemented method enabling and maintaining authentication of a sender-receiver pair for a communication system by applying changes to the parameters of OCTS is disclosed. In one embodiment, a computer-implemented method comprises receiving, by a processor, a digital bit stream and transforming, by the processor, the digital bit stream to an encoded digital bit stream. The encoded digital bit stream comprises at least one of a gateway channel, a composite channel, or a data channel, and any combination thereof. The computer-implemented method further comprises providing, by the processor, the encoded digital bit stream to a transmission system for transmission and establishing, by the processor, authentication of the sender-receiver pair where pre-coordinated, pre-distributed information may be changed and communicated to limit the transmission to an intended sender-receiver pair. The intended sender-receiver pair comprises both the pre-coordinated, pre-distributed information and the changed coordinated, distributed information.

COMMUNICATION APPARATUS AND COMMUNICATION METHOD

[Object] To provide a communication apparatus and a communication method which are capable of reducing the overhead of communication while suppressing influence on the frame reception process. 1. A communication apparatus comprising circuitry configured to:establish a communication link with a second communication apparatus;determine whether or not the second communication apparatus supports a very short physical layer convergence protocol (“VSP”);calculate a candidate time length for communications with the second communication apparatus; andtransmit the candidate time length to the second communication apparatus in an exchange frame.2. The communication apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the exchange frame comprises a header and a frame body.3. The communication apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the exchange frame further comprises a physical layer convergence protocol (PLCP).4. The communication apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the candidate time length is transmitted in the frame body.5. The communication apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the candidate time length is configured with an action category and an action identification.6. The communication apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the circuitry is further configured to generate a frame with a first format when the candidate time length has not elapsed since transmission of a previous frame to the second communication apparatus.7. The communication apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the first format is the VSP.8. The communication apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the circuitry is further configured to generate the frame with a second format when the candidate time length has elapsed since transmission of the previous frame to the second communication apparatus.9. The communication apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the circuitry is further configured to:in a first case when it is determined that the second communication apparatus does not support the VSP, turn off a VSP setting.10. The communication apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the ...

System, Method, and Apparatus for Reducing Power Dissipation of Sensor Data on Bit-Serial Communication Interfaces

A communication system receives a binary sequence from a sensor, identifies a power consuming characteristic of the binary sequence, and determines an error component configured to reduce the power consuming characteristic of the binary sequence. The system compares the error component to an error tolerance deviation, and if the error component is below the error tolerance deviation, combines the error component with the binary sequence to produce an output sequence and transmits the output sequence via a serial interface to a receiver configured to receive the output sequence. The error threshold is based in part on an error tolerance characteristic of the receiver. 1. A method for reducing power in a data transmitting device , comprising the steps of:receiving a binary sequence by the data transmitting device;identifying a power consuming characteristic of the binary sequence;determining an error component configured to reduce the power consuming characteristic of the binary sequence;combining the error component with the binary sequence to produce an output sequence; andtransmitting the output sequence via a serial interface.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the steps of:comparing the error component to an error tolerance deviation; andif the error component is below the error tolerance deviation, combining the error component with the binary sequence to produce the output sequence.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein comparing and combining further comprises using the binary sequence to look up the output sequence in a stored table.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the power consuming characteristic comprises a number of binary transitions in the binary sequence.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the power consuming characteristic comprises a number of binary ones or a number of zeros in the binary sequence.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the binary sequence comprises a fixed word size.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the binary sequence is ...

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR BLIND DETECTION WITH POLAR CODE

Methods and systems for blind detection. At the encoder, a code word is encoded using a polar coder, where the input vector includes a user equipment (UE)-specific frozen sequence in the frozen bit positions. At the decoder, a set of short listed channel candidates is generated based on decoding using the UE-specific frozen sequence. 1. A method for encoding , the method comprising:generating a codeword intended for a recipient user equipment (UE) using an encoder for a polar code, an input vector to the encoder including a UE-specific frozen sequence in frozen bit positions and further including data for transmission in information bit positions, the UE-specific frozen sequence being associated with the recipient UE; andtransmitting the codeword.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the UE-specific frozen sequence is based on a UE identifier (UEID) of the recipient UE.3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising generating the UE-specific frozen sequence by applying a function to the UEID.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the function is a repeater function applied to the UEID.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the UEID is a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) or a group identifier.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the data for transmission comprises control information.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the input vector further includes an error-detection code appended to the data for transmission claim 1 , the error-detection code being masked using a UEID.8. A method for blind detection claim 1 , the method comprising:scanning a plurality of channel candidates; performing a first decoding of the channel candidate using a user equipment (UE)-specific frozen sequence; and', 'discarding any channel candidate for which the first decoding fails to satisfy a first criterion., 'for each channel candidate, 'generating a set of short listed channel candidates by9. The method of claim 8 , further comprising:for each short listed channel candidate, performing an ...

Transmission apparatus and transmission method of an aggregate physical layer protocol data unit

A transmission apparatus includes a transmission signal generator which, in operation, generates a transmission signal having an aggregate physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) that includes a legacy preamble, a legacy header, a non-legacy preamble, a plurality of non-legacy headers and a plurality of data fields; and a transmitter which, in operation, transmits the generated transmission signal, wherein the legacy preamble, the legacy header and the plurality of non-legacy headers are transmitted using a standard bandwidth, the non-legacy preamble and the plurality of data fields are transmitted using a variable bandwidth that is larger than the standard bandwidth and wherein a plurality of sets of each of the plurality of non-legacy headers and each of the plurality of data fields are transmitted sequentially in a time domain.

SUPPORT FOR ADDITIONAL DECODING PROCESSING TIME IN WIRELESS LAN SYSTEMS

A wireless communication device in a wireless system may generate a High Efficiency Physical Layer Convergence Procedure (PLCP) Protocol Data Unit (HE PPDU) frame including (i) an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol including padding bits and (ii) an extension having a non-zero signal strength, and transmit the HE PPDU frame. A High Efficiency signal (HE-SIG) field of the transmitted HE PPDU frame may include an indication for a duration of the extension to avoid ambiguity of the extension. A communication device in a wireless system may receive an HE PPDU frame including (i) an OFDM symbol including padding bits, and (ii) an extension having a non-zero signal strength, and transmit an Acknowledgement frame a predetermined inter-frame space after an end of the HE PPDU frame. An HE-SIG field of the received HE PPDU may include an indication for duration of the extension to avoid ambiguity of the extension.

APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING BROADCAST SIGNALS, APPARATUS FOR RECEIVING BROADCAST SIGNALS, METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING BROADCAST SIGNALS AND METHOD FOR RECEIVING BROADCAST SIGNALS

An apparatus includes an encoder to encode service data corresponding to each of a plurality of Physical Layer Pipes, an encoder to encode signaling data by performing LDPC (Low Density Parity Check) encoding the signaling data by adding parity bits, block interleaving the LDPC encoded signaling data, and demultiplexing the block interleaved signaling data using shifting method. The shifting method is performed based on the modulation order and indices of bits. A frame builder builds at least one signal frame including the encoded service data, the encoded signaling data, a modulator modulates the at least one signal frame by an OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex) scheme, and a transmitter transmits the broadcast signals carrying the at least one modulated signal frame. 1. A method for receiving broadcast signals , the method comprising:receiving the broadcast signals;demodulating the received broadcast signals by an OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex) scheme;parsing at least one signal frame in the demodulated broadcast signals, wherein the at least one signal frame includes service data and signaling data;multiplexing the signaling data using shifting method, wherein the shifting method is performed based on a modulation order and index of the signaling data;block de-interleaving the multiplexed signaling data;LDPC (Low Density Parity Check) decoding the block de-interleaved signaling data; anddecoding the service data corresponding to a plurality of Physical Layer Pipes.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:de-mapping the signaling data included in the at least one signal frame; andde-interleaving parity bits in the block de-interleaved signaling data before the LDPC decoding is performed.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the block de-interleaving is performed according to the modulation order.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the modulation order is one of QPSK (offset phase shift keying) claim 1 , 16-NUC (non-uniform ...

Transmitting apparatus and mapping method thereof

A transmitting apparatus is disclosed. The transmitting apparatus includes an encoder to perform channel encoding with respect to bits and generate a codeword, an interleaver to interleave the codeword, and a modulator to map the interleaved codeword onto a non-uniform constellation according to a modulation scheme, and the constellation may include constellation points defined based on various tables according to the modulation scheme.

TRANSMITTING APPARATUS AND MAPPING METHOD THEREOF

A transmitting apparatus is disclosed. The transmitting apparatus includes an encoder to perform channel encoding with respect to bits and generate a codeword, an interleaver to interleave the codeword, and a modulator to map the interleaved codeword onto a non-uniform constellation according to a modulation scheme, and the constellation may include constellation points defined based on various tables according to the modulation scheme. 2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the constellation points in one quadrant of the constellation claim 1 , and constellation points in remaining quadrants are obtained by indicating each constellation point a which is defined as a* claim 1 , −a* claim 1 , and −a claim 1 , respectively claim 1 , * indicating complex conjugation.4. The method as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the constellation points in one quadrant of the constellation claim 3 , and constellation points in remaining quadrants are obtained by indicating each constellation point a which is defined as a* claim 3 , −a* claim 3 , and −a claim 3 , respectively claim 3 , * indicating complex conjugation. This is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/496,647 filed Apr. 25, 2017, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/715,674 filed May 19, 2015, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.Apparatuses and methods consistent with exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept relate to transmitting and receiving date using broadcasting, more particularly, to the design of non-uniform constellations used in a Bit Interleaved Coded Modulation (BICM) mapping bits at an output of an encoder and interleaver to complex constellations.The current broadcasting systems consistent with the Digital Video Broadcasting Second Generation Terrestrial (DVB-T2) use a Bit Interleaved and Coded Modulation (BICM) chain in order to encode bits to be transmitted. The BICM chain includes a channel encoder like a Low Density Parity ...

ENHANCED NODE B AND METHOD FOR PRECODING WITH REDUCED QUANTIZATION ERROR

Embodiments of an enhanced Node B (eNB) and method for precoding with reduced quantization error are generally described herein. In some embodiments, first and second precoding-matrix indicator (PMI) reports may be received on an uplink channel and a single subband precoder matrix may be interpolated from precoding matrices indicated by both the PMI reports. Symbols for multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) beamforming may be precoded using the interpolated precoder matrix computed for single subband for a multiple user (MU)-MIMO downlink orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) transmission. In some embodiments, each of the first and second PMI reports includes a PMI associated with a same subband that jointly describes a recommended precoder. 1. A method performed by a serving enhanced Node B (eNB) for precoding symbols for multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) beamforming in an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) broadband wireless access network , the method comprising:receiving, from a user equipment (UE), first and second precoding-matrix indicator (PMI) reports on an uplink channel;computing a single subband precoder matrix from both the PMI reports; andprecoding symbols for MIMO beamforming using the computed single subband precoder matrix for an OFDMA downlink transmission,wherein each of the first and second PMI reports include a PMI associated with a same subband of the PDSCH, the PDSCH being a multi-subband channel between the serving eNB and the UE, andwherein each of the PMIs corresponds to precoding matrices of a same codebook.2. The method of wherein the first PMI report includes a first subband PMI claim 1 ,wherein the second PMI report includes a second subband PMI, andwherein the second subband PMI is selected by the UE user equipment (UE) after selecting the first subband PMI by searching candidate precoder matrices that when combined with a precoder matrix indicated by the first subband PMI, results in a more ...

Authenticated Confirmation and Activation Message

A data transmitter for transmitting data to a data receiver is provided, wherein individual communication information is known to the data transmitter and the data receiver, the data transmitter being configured to generate an individual synchronization sequence while using the individual communication information. 1. A data transmitter for transmitting data to a data receiver , individual communication information being known to the data transmitter and to the data receiver , the data transmitter being configured to generate an individual synchronization sequence while using said individual communication information;said individual communication information being information which authenticates the data transmitter and/or information which authenticates a data packet of the data transmitter, to the data transmitter and to the data receiver, or', 'to the data transmitter and to a group of data receivers., 'said individual communication information being known only'}2. The data transmitter as claimed in claim 1 , the data transmitter being configured to generate the individual synchronization sequence from the individual communication information while using a mapping specification.3. The data transmitter as claimed in claim 1 , the data transmitter being configured to transmit in advance a data packet comprising the communication information to the data receiver or to receive in advance the communication information from the data receiver.4. The data transmitter as claimed in claim 3 , the data transmitter being configured to provide the data packet with a synchronization sequence known only to the data receiver and/or to a limited group of data receivers.5. The data transmitter as claimed in claim 1 , the data transmitter being configured to provide a data packet to be transmitted with the individual synchronization sequence for synchronization of the data packet in the data receiver.6. The data transmitter as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the individual ...

TRANSMISSION OF REDUNDANCY DATA IN A HYBRID NETWORK SYSTEM

The invention relates to a method for transmitting redundancy data in an hybrid broadband/broadcast network system comprising a broadcast network dedicated to transmission of broadcast services and a broadband network dedicated to transmission of at least unicast services, the method being carried out in at least one network entity and comprising the following steps: —selecting () a transmission mode for transmitting redundancy data among a plurality of transmission modes supported by the broadband network; —obtaining () redundancy data, said redundancy data comprising information for decoding broadcast services broadcasted by the broadcast network; —transmitting (), via at least one node of the broadband network, the obtained redundancy data according to the selected transmission mode. 11012111112. A method for transmitting redundancy data in an hybrid broadband/broadcast network system comprising a broadcast network dedicated to transmission of broadcast services and a broadband network dedicated to transmission of at least unicast services , the method being carried out in at least one network entity (; ; .-.) and comprising the following steps:{'b': '42', 'selecting () a transmission mode for transmitting redundancy data among a plurality of transmission modes supported by the broadband network;'}{'b': '43', 'obtaining () redundancy data, said redundancy data comprising information for decoding broadcast services broadcasted by the broadcast network;'}{'b': 44', '11', '1', '11', '2, 'transmitting (), via at least one node (.; .) of the broadband network, the obtained redundancy data according to the selected transmission mode.'}2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the broadband network is an LTE-A network and wherein the broadcast network is configured to transmit LTE-A broadcast services.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of transmission modes comprises at least one unicast transmission mode and at least one broadcast ...

AUDIO SIGNAL TRANSMISSION SYSTEM WITH ENHANCED AUDIO SIGNAL RECOGNITION AND DATA PROCESSING METHOD FOR THE SAME

An audio signal transmission system includes a first device and a second device. The first device transmits audio signals to the second device for the second device to process the audio signals and recognize data in the audio signals. After converting a piece of information read by the first device into digital data, the first device performs data state conversion algorithm to generate a time-based byte sequence, modulates the byte sequence to a set of audio signals, and transmits the set of audio signals. When receiving the set of audio signals, the second device filters and demodulates the set of audio signals to acquire the byte sequence, and converts the byte sequence into readable information. As the byte sequence has time-based characteristics, multiple independent pulse signals can be constantly provided to enhance audio signal recognition and ensure accuracy and stability of the audio signal transmission system. 1. A data processing method for an audio signal transmission system with enhanced audio signal recognition , wherein the audio signal transmission system includes a first device and a second device pairing with the first device , and when the first device transmits audio waves to the second device , the data processing method is performed by the first device and comprises steps of:receiving a piece of information;converting the piece of information into digital data and performing a data state conversion algorithm on the digital data to generate a time-based byte sequence;adding a header to the byte sequence to constitute a bit sequence;reading the bit sequence and modulating the bit sequence to a set of audio signals; andtransmitting the set of audio signals to the second device for the second device to receive.2. The data processing method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the step of adding a header to the byte sequence has a step of adding the header and a check code to the byte sequence to constitute the bit sequence.3. The data processing method ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SYNCHRONIZATION OF A DECODING UNIT

An apparatus and method for synchronization of a decoding unit to a received data bit stream, DBS, encoded according to a data protocol, DP, said apparatus comprising a sampling unit adapted to sample a bit sequence, BSEQ, having a prede-termined bit sequence length, BSEQL, from the received data bit stream, DBS, and a checking unit configured to check whether at least one specific bit of the sampled bit sequence, BSEQ, fulfills a predetermined error detection condition, EDC, defined by said data protocol, DP, and further configured to synchronize the decoding unit to the received data bit stream, DBS, if the checking result is positive. 1. A method for synchronization of a decoding unit to a received data bit stream , DBS , encoded according to a data protocol , DP ,the method comprising the steps of:(a) sampling a bit sequence, SEQ, having a predetermined bit sequence length, BSEQL, from the received data bit stream, DBS;(b) checking whether at least one specific bit of the sampled bit sequence, BSEQ, fulfills a predetermined error detection condition, EDC, defined by said data protocol, DP; and(c) synchronizing the decoding unit to the received data bit stream, DBS, according to the checking result.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein beginning with the first bit of the sampled bit sequence claim 1 , BSEQ claim 1 , every n-th data bit of said bit sequence claim 1 , BSEQ claim 1 , is checked as to whether it fulfills the predetermined error detection condition claim 1 , EDC claim 1 , defined by said data protocol claim 1 , DP claim 1 , wherein n is the number of data bits of a data protocol character claim 1 , DP-CH claim 1 , defined by said data protocol claim 1 , DP.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the error detection condition claim 1 , EDC claim 1 , comprises a parity error detection condition claim 1 , PEDC claim 1 , defined by said data protocol claim 1 , DP.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the used data protocol claim 1 , DP ...

TRANSMISSION DEVICE, TRANSMISSION RECEPTION SYSTEM AND CONTROL METHOD FOR TRANSMISSION RECEPTION SYSTEM

A transmission device includes, a receiver that receives availability information of each of a plurality of first transmission paths, and a transmitter that divides data into a plurality of transmission blocks, groups the plurality of transmission blocks into a plurality of slices, each of the plurality of slices include a distinct subset of the plurality of transmission blocks, when the availability information indicates that each of the plurality of first transmission paths has an error occurrence below a threshold value, transmits a different one of the plurality of slices to each of the plurality of first transmission paths. 1. A transmission device comprising:a receiver configured to receive availability information of each of a plurality of first transmission paths; anda transmitter configured todivide data into a plurality of transmission blocks,group the plurality of transmission blocks into a plurality of slices, each of the plurality of slices include a distinct subset of the plurality of transmission blocks,when the availability information indicates that each of the plurality of first transmission paths has an error occurrence below a threshold value, transmit a different one of the plurality of slices to each of the plurality of first transmission paths, andwhen the availability information indicates that one of the plurality of first transmission paths has an error occurrence above the threshold value, transmit at least one of the same plurality of slices to both the plurality of first transmission path that has an error occurrence above the threshold value and one of the plurality of first transmission paths that has an error occurrence below the threshold value.2. The transmission device according to claim 1 , wherein the receiver is further configured to receive availability information from each of a plurality of second transmission paths.3. The transmission device according to claim 1 , wherein the transmitter is further configured to transmit ...

TECHNIQUES FOR OPTIMIZING BROADCAST MESSAGING IN A NETWORK

Disclosed are various embodiments for optimizing broadcast messaging for a node. The node receives data for a message from the network. While the data for the message is being received and upon completion of an initial portion of the message, the node determines identification information for the message specified in the initial portion. When (i) the identification information specifies that the message is a broadcast message and (ii) an identifier in the message matches a stored identifier of a previously received broadcast message, the node terminates receiving the data for the remainder of the message. Alternatively, when (i) the identification information specifies that the message is a broadcast message and (ii) the identifier in the message does not match any stored identifier of a previously received broadcast message, the node continues receiving data for the subsequent portion of the message and stores the identifier for the broadcast message. 1. A method for optimizing broadcast messaging for a node in a network , the method comprising:receiving, via a network interface in the node, data for a message from the network, wherein the node uses time intervals of a clock as a basis for determining scheduled transitions among a plurality of channels associated with the network; and determining, in the node, identification information for the message specified in the initial portion;', 'when (i) the identification information specifies that the message is a broadcast message and (ii) an identifier in the message matches a stored identifier of a previously received broadcast message, terminating said receiving the data for a subsequent portion of the message at least by the next scheduled channel transition time for the network; and', continuing said receiving data for the subsequent portion of the message;', 'storing, in the node, the identifier for the broadcast message; and', 're-broadcasting, via the network interface, the received message to the network., ' ...

Apparatus and method for early decoding of tfci in umts

Disclosed are systems, methods, and computer program products for decoding of transport format combination indicator (TFCI) in a universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS). In one aspect, a method includes receiving by a UE coded TFCI bit sequence on a physical channel, determining a range of TFCI bits that contain information, performing early decoding of the received TFCI bit sequence; and limiting the search set of decoded TFCI bits to the determined range of TFCI bits. The range of TFCI bits that contain information may be determined from a code book.

CONFIGURATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH SEGMENTATION OF ONE OR MORE PACKETS FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

Some aspects provide for establishing a radio connection for the wireless communication, determining a configuration for whether to segment one or more packets for the wireless communication using the established radio connection, and communicating the one or more packets based on the determined configuration. Some aspects provide for assembling a first frame comprising one or more packets, transmitting the first frame, determining whether a portion of one or more packets was truncated during the assembling of the first frame, and transmitting a second frame comprising at least the truncated portion of the one or more packets of the first frame. Some aspects provide for receiving a first frame comprising one or more packets, determining that a portion of one or more packets is truncated, and determining whether to ignore as padding at least the truncated portion of the one or more packets of the first frame.

PHYSICAL LAYER FRAME FORMAT FOR WLAN

In a method for generating a data unit conforming to a first communication protocol, a first field and a second field to be included in a preamble of the data unit are generated. The first field includes a first set of one or more information bits that indicate a duration of the data unit and is formatted such that the first field allows a receiver device that conforms to a second communication protocol to determine the duration of the data unit. The second field includes a second set of one or more information bits that indicate to a receiver device that conforms to the first communication protocol that the data unit conforms to the first communication protocol. The first field and the second field are modulated using a modulation scheme specified for a field corresponding to the first field and the second field, respectively, by the second communication protocol. 1. (canceled)2. A method for generating a physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit for transmission via a communication channel , the PHY protocol data unit conforming to a first communication protocol , the method comprising: a first field that includes a first set of one or more information bits that indicate a duration of the PHY protocol data unit, the first field being formatted such that the first field is decodable by a receiver device that conforms to a second communication protocol, but does not conform to the first communication protocol, to determine the duration of the PHY protocol data unit based on the first field, and', 'a second field that includes a second set of one or more information bits that indicate to a receiver device that conforms to the first communication protocol that the data unit conforms to the first communication protocol, and wherein generating the PHY preamble includes one or both of (i) generating the second set of one or more information bits according to an error detection scheme that does not conform to the second communication protocol and (ii) generating the second ...

ENABLING USE OF NON-VOLATILE MEDIA - EXPRESS (NVME) OVER A NETWORK

Enabling a protocol for efficiently and reliably using the NVME protocol over a network, referred to as NVME over Network, or NVMEoN, may include an NVMEoN exchange layer for handling exchanges between initiating and target nodes on a network, a burst transmission protocol that provides guaranteed delivery without duplicate retransmission, and an exchange status block approach to manage state information about exchanges. 1. A system for enabling use of non-volatile Media—express (NVME) over a network , comprising:an exchange layer for maintaining information about exchanges for every NVME command sent between an initiator node and a target node on the network.2. A system of claim 1 , wherein the exchange layer uses an exchange status block that maintains state information about all exchanges between the initiator and the target.3. A system of claim 1 , wherein the exchange layer responds to a least one of an NVME command completion failure claim 1 , an NVME Aborts and an NVME controller reset by applying a unified error recovery protocol and exchange timeouts.4. A system of claim 1 , wherein the exchange layer uses a concurrent exchange algorithm to control the number of outstanding exchanges between a sender and a receiver.5. A system of claim 1 , wherein the exchange layer uses a concurrent exchange algorithm to limit the number of outstanding exchanges between an initiator and a target.6. A system for enabling use of NVME over a network claim 1 , comprising:a burst transmission protocol layer that encapsulates the command packets and the data packets for a plurality of I/O commands into a burst window and that enables guaranteed delivery of data packets between a source node and a target node while avoiding retransmission of duplicate packets.7. A system of claim 6 , wherein the burst transmission protocol layer uses a credit algorithm to control flow of packets claim 6 , the credit algorithm enabling controlling flow of packets on a sender-specific basis that ...

FLIT-BASED PARALLEL-FORWARD ERROR CORRECTION AND PARITY

A flit-based packetization approach is used for transmitting information between electronic components. A protocol stack can generate transaction layer packets from information received from a transmitting device, assemble the transaction layer packets into one or more flits, and protect the flits with a flit-level cyclic redundancy check (CRC) scheme and a flit-level forward error correction or parallel-forward error correction (FEC) scheme. Flit-level FEC schemes can provide improved latencies and efficiencies over per-lane FEC schemes. To improve retry probability, flits can contain information indicating whether immediately preceding flits are null flits. Receivers can avoid sending a retry request for a corrupted flit if a seceding flit indicates the corrupted flit is a null fit. Parity flits can be used to protect groups of flits and correct single-flit errors. 1. An apparatus comprising:a port to send information on multiple lanes; create a transaction layer packet (TLP) to be transmitted on the link;', 'calculate error correcting code (ECC) for all of the transaction layer packets;', 'generate a flit comprising the transaction layer packet;', 'interleave the ECC in multiple symbols of the flit; and', 'cause the port to send the flit on the multiple lanes., 'protocol stack circuitry to2. The apparatus of claim 1 , the protocol stack to interleave the ECC using 3-way interleaving.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the ECC comprises parity and check bits.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , the protocol stack to:create data link layer packets (DLLP); andencode the flit with data link layer packet into symbols after the transaction layer packets and before the ECC.5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the protocol stack is further to:calculate cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code for the transaction layer packets, the CRC code comprising eight bytes;encode eight consecutive symbols of the flit with the CRC code after the transaction layer packets.6. The apparatus of ...

Radio communication base station device, radio communication mobile station device, and control channel allocation method

A radio communication station device can prevent limiting of resource allocation in a UE group. The radio communication device includes: a CCE allocation unit, modulation units, an arrangement unit, and a radio transmission unit. The CCE allocation unit allocates allocation information allocated to a PDCCH which is inputted from the modulation unit as follows. Among a plurality of search spaces shared by a greater number of UE groups as the CCE aggregation size of the PDCCH increases, a particular search space corresponding to the CCE aggregation size of the PDCCH and a mobile group of the PDCCH is selected as a space to which the allocation information is to be allocated. The arrangement unit arranges the allocation information in a downlink resource corresponding to the CCE of the particular search space allocated among the downlink resources secured for the PDCCH. The radio transmission unit transmits an OFDM symbol having the allocation information from an antenna to a mobile station.

TRANSMITTING APPARATUS AND MAPPING METHOD THEREOF

A transmitting apparatus is disclosed. The transmitting apparatus includes an encoder to perform channel encoding with respect to bits and generate a codeword, an interleaver to interleave the codeword, and a modulator to map the interleaved codeword onto a non-uniform constellation according to a modulation scheme, and the constellation may include constellation points defined based on various tables according to the modulation scheme. 2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the represented constellation points comprise constellation points in one quadrant claim 1 , andwherein constellation points in remaining quadrants are obtained by indicating each constellation point a among the constellation points in the one quadrant as a*, −a*, and −a, respectively, * indicating complex conjugation. This is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/714,508, filed May 18, 2015. The entire disclosures of the prior applications are considered part of the disclosure of the accompanying continuation application, and are hereby incorporated by reference.Apparatuses and methods consistent with exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept relate to transmitting and receiving date using broadcasting, more particularly, to the design of non-uniform constellations used in a Bit Interleaved Coded Modulation (BICM) mapping bits at an output of an encoder and interleaver to complex constellations.The current broadcasting systems consistent with the Digital Video Broadcasting Second Generation Terrestrial (DVB-T2) use a Bit Interleaved and Coded Modulation (BICM) chain in order to encode bits to be transmitted. The BICM chain includes a channel encoder like a Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) encoder followed by a Bit Interleaver and a Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) mapper. The role of the QAM mapper is to map different bits output from the channel encoder and interleaved using the Bit Interleaver to QAM cells. Each cell represents a complex number having real and ...

Relay node, control method of relay node and network system

A first network device includes: a forwarding controller configured to forward received data; and a fault detector configured to detect occurrence of a failure in a remote second relay node. The forwarding controller includes: a forwarding unit configured to forward the received data; and a modifier configured to modify the received data for detection of the occurrence of a failure in the second relay node. The modifier includes (i) a flag option marker configured to attach a flag to data; (ii) a sequence adding unit configured to add a protocol specific number to a sequence number; and (iii) a sequence subtracting unit configured to subtract the protocol specific number from an acknowledgement number. The fault detector detects the occurrence of a failure in the remote second relay node, based on at least one of the flag and the acknowledgement number.

TRANSMITTING APPARATUS AND MAPPING METHOD THEREOF

A transmitting apparatus is disclosed. The transmitting apparatus includes an encoder to perform channel encoding with respect to bits and generate a codeword, an interleaver to interleave the codeword, and a modulator to map the interleaved codeword onto a non-uniform constellation according to a modulation scheme, and the constellation may include constellation points defined based on various tables according to the modulation scheme. 2. The transmitting method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the listed constellation points comprise constellation points in one quadrant claim 1 , andwherein constellation points in remaining quadrants are obtained by indicating each constellation point a which is defined in the table as a*, −a*, and −a, respectively, * indicating complex conjugation.4. The receiving method as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the listed constellation points comprise constellation points in one quadrant claim 3 , andwherein constellation points in remaining quadrants are obtained by indicating each constellation point a which is defined in the list as a*, −a*, and −a, respectively, * indicating complex conjugation. This is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/923,322 filed Jul. 8, 2020, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/244,713, filed Jan. 10, 2019, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/881,076, filed Jan. 26, 2018, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/714,624 filed May 18, 2015, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.Apparatuses and methods consistent with exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept relate to transmitting and receiving date using broadcasting, more particularly, to the design of non-uniform constellations used in a Bit Interleaved Coded Modulation (BICM) mapping bits at an output of an encoder and interleaver to complex constellations.The current broadcasting systems consistent with the Digital Video Broadcasting Second Generation ...

MICROWAVE COMMUNICATIONS DEVICE AND MICROWAVE COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM

The present invention discloses microwave communications devices. The microwave communications device includes: a first converting module, a second converting module, configured to perform mutual conversion between a baseband signal or an intermediate frequency signal and a microwave signal, where microwave signals received or output by the first converting module and the second converting module respectively have a same polarization direction or perpendicular polarization directions; and an orthomode transducer with three waveguide ports, configured to perform separation and synthesis of orthogonally polarized microwave signals, The microwave communications devices in embodiments of the present invention can, by providing dual channels and integrating an orthomode transducer inside the microwave communications device, increase a transmission capacity while improving equipment application flexibility, reducing installation complexity, and lowering costs. 1. A microwave communications device , comprising:an orthomode transducer, a first converter and a second converter, wherein the orthomode transducer comprises a first waveguide port connected to the first converter, a second waveguide port connected to the second converter and a third waveguide port connected to an antenna system;the orthomode transducer is configured to separate microwave signals received from the antenna system to first microwave signals to be transmitted to the first converter and second microwave signals to be transmitted to the second converter, and to synthesize third microwave signals received from the first converter and fourth microwave signals received from the second converter;the first converter is configured to receive the first microwave signals from the orthomode transducer through the first waveguide port, and transmit the third microwave signals to the orthomode transducer through the first waveguide port;the second converter is configured to receive the second microwave signals ...

Direct Data Recovery

The direct data recovery (DDR) uses adaptive data decoding (ADD) to combine a conventional reversal of data coding made on a transmit side with a reversal of received signal distortions introduced by a transmission channel; 1. A method and system for direct data recovery using parameters of sub-band cycles (DDR PSBC) wherein such DDR PSBC recovers transmitted data symbols from a signal received from an OFDM transmission channel which includes a data coding circuit encoding transmitted symbols into transmitted OFDM frames , a transmission link transforming said transmitted frames into subspaces of received OFDM frame wherein the transmission link introduces deterministic or random distortions affecting said frame subspaces and a processor transforming said frame subspaces into subranges of amplitudes/phases of cycles or half cycles of sub-band signals of said received frame , wherein specific said amplitudes/phases subranges correspond to specific said transmitted symbols; wherein the DDR PSBC comprises:deriving an inverse transformation reversing a transfer function of said transmission channel, in order to enable said recovery of said transmitted symbols from said amplitudes/phases subranges;wherein such derivation includes producing references defining said amplitudes/phases subranges and an assignment of said specific transmitted symbols as corresponding to said specific amplitudes/phases subranges;processing a particular said received frame in order to estimate particular said amplitudes/phases of cycles or half cycles affected by the distortions introduced by the transmission link;using said references for identifying particular said amplitudes/phases subranges comprising the particular amplitudes/phases of cycles or half cycles,in order to utilize said assignment for recovering particular said transmitted symbols corresponding to the particular said received frame.2. A method and system for direct data recovery using parameters of sub-bands (DDR PSB) wherein ...

DETECTING FORMAT OF DATA

A method for detecting a format of data in a wireless local area network and a device using the same are provided. The device receives a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) that includes a first field and a second field. The device determines a first format of the PPDU based on at least one of the first field and the second field and determines a second format of the PPDU based on a modulation phase of the PPDU. 1. A method for detecting a format of data in a wireless local area network , the method comprising:receiving, by a receiving station, a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) from a transmitting station, the PPDU including a first field and a second field;determining a first format of the PPDU based on at least one of the first field and the second field; anddetermining a second format of the PPDU based on a modulation phase of the PPDU.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first format of the PPDU includes a single carrier (SC) PPDU and a non-SC PPDU.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second format of the PPDU is determined when the first format of the PPDU is determined as the non-SC PPDU.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second format of the PPDU includes a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) PPDU and a non-MIMO PPDU.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first field includes a training field to be used for frequency offset estimation.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second field includes a channel estimation field to be used for channel estimation.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second format of the PPDU based on a modulation phase used for at least orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol of the PPDU.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least OFDM symbol follows the second field.9. A device configured for detecting a format of data in a wireless local area network claim 1 , the device comprising:a radio frequency module configured to transmit and receive radio signals; anda processor operatively ...

RADIO LINK WITH REPEATER

A microwave radio link chain comprising a first transmitter, a first receiver and one or more repeaters between the first transmitter and the first receiver. The one or more repeaters is arranged to receive (signals originally transmitted by the first transmitter and to transmit the received signals in the direction of the first receiver, the microwave radio link chain being characterized in that one or more of said repeaters is arranged to invert the spectrum of the signals before they are transmitted by the repeater. In embodiments, one or more of the repeaters is also arranged to amplify the received signals before they are transmitted. 1. A microwave radio link chain comprising:a first transmitter,a first receiver, andone or more repeaters between the first transmitter and the first receiver,{'b': '221', 'wherein the one or more repeaters are arranged to receive () signals originally transmitted by the first transmitter and to transmit the received signals in the direction of the first receiver, and'}wherein one or more of said repeaters is arranged to invert the spectrum of the signals before they are transmitted by the repeater.2. The microwave radio link chain of claim 1 , in which one or more of said repeaters is also arranged to amplify the received signals before they are transmitted.3. The microwave radio link chain of claim 1 , in which one or more repeater is arranged to perform signal processing on the received signal before it is transmitted by the repeater.4. The microwave radio link chain of claim 1 , in which the first receiver is arranged to detect if a received signal has been spectrum-inverted an odd number of times claim 1 , and if that is the case claim 1 , to spectrum-invert such received signals.5. The microwave radio link chain of claim 1 , in which two or more repeaters are arranged to transmit the signals by means of transmitter functions which have similar transfer functions.6. The microwave radio link chain of claim 1 , in which at ...

Self-Describing Error Correction of Consolidated Media Content

Presented herein are downstream recovery (error correction) techniques for an aggregated/consolidated media stream. In one example, a consolidated media stream that includes source media packets from one or more sources is sent to one or more downstream receiving devices. Based on the source media packets, one or more self-describing recovery packets for downstream error correction of the source media packets are generated. The self-describing recovery packets include a mapping to the source media packets used to generate the self-describing recovery packets, thereby avoiding the addition of error correction information in the consolidated media stream. The one or more self-describing recovery packets are sent to each of the downstream receiving devices as a separate stream.

RELAY NODE, CONTROL METHOD OF RELAY NODE AND NETWORK SYSTEM

A first network device includes: a forwarding controller configured to forward received data; and a fault detector configured to detect occurrence of a failure in a remote second relay node. The forwarding controller includes: a forwarding unit configured to forward the received data; and a modifier configured to modify the received data for detection of the occurrence of a failure in the second relay node. The modifier includes (i) a flag option marker configured to attach a flag to data; (ii) a sequence adding unit configured to add a protocol specific number to a sequence number; and (iii) a sequence subtracting unit configured to subtract the protocol specific number from an acknowledgement number. The fault detector detects the occurrence of a failure in the remote second relay node, based on at least one of the flag and the acknowledgement number. 1. A first relay node located in a network that comprises two terminals , each being provided to transmit data by data stream service using a sequence number , and the first relay node and a second relay node arranged in series on a communication path between the two terminals and provided to relay data between the two terminals ,the first relay node comprising:a forwarding controller configured to forward received data; anda fault detector configured to detect occurrence of a failure in the remote second relay node, wherein a forwarding unit configured to forward the received data; and', 'a modifier configured to modify the received data for detection of the occurrence of a failure in the second relay node, the modifier including (i) a flag option marker configured to attach a flag the flag denoting transmission of data between the first relay node and the second relay node, to data to be forwarded to the second relay node; (ii) a sequence adding unit configured to add a protocol specific number to a sequence number attached to data that is to be sent from one of the terminals as a source terminal when the data is ...

Information Transmission Method And Apparatus

The present invention provides an information transmission method, including: generating first information; determining a first sequence from N candidate sequences based on the first information, where the first information belongs to N candidate information, a mapping between the first information and the first sequence belongs to P mappings, each of the P mappings includes a mapping between the N candidate information and the N candidate sequences, and the N candidate sequences are generated based on N dedicated cyclic shift values and a first initial cyclic shift value; and in at least two mappings, dedicated cyclic shift values used to generate candidate sequences corresponding to a same candidate information are different, where the same candidate information belongs to L candidate information in the N candidate information, both P and L are integers greater than 1, and the L is less than or equal to N; and sending the first sequence. 1. A method , comprising:generating, by a terminal device, first information, wherein the first information is used to indicate a receiving status of downlink data;determining, by the terminal device, a first sequence from N candidate sequences based on the first information, wherein the first information belongs to N candidate information, a mapping between the first information and the first sequence belongs to P mappings, each of the P mappings comprises a mapping between the N candidate information and the N candidate sequences, the N candidate sequences are generated based on N dedicated cyclic shift values and a first initial cyclic shift value, the N dedicated cyclic shift values are dedicated parameters respectively used to generate the N candidate sequences, and the first initial cyclic shift value is a common parameter used to generate the N candidate sequences; whereinin at least two mappings, candidate sequences corresponding to a same candidate information are different, wherein the same candidate information belongs ...

TRANSMISSION APPARATUS AND TRANSMISSION METHOD OF AN AGGREGATE PHYSICAL LAYER PROTOCOL DATA UNIT

A transmission apparatus includes a transmission signal generator which, in operation, generates a transmission signal having an aggregate physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) that includes a legacy preamble, a legacy header, a non-legacy preamble, a plurality of non-legacy headers and a plurality of data fields; and a transmitter which, in operation, transmits the generated transmission signal, wherein the legacy preamble, the legacy header and the plurality of non-legacy headers are transmitted using a standard bandwidth, the non-legacy preamble and the plurality of data fields are transmitted using a variable bandwidth that is larger than the standard bandwidth and wherein a plurality of sets of each of the plurality of non-legacy headers and each of the plurality of data fields are transmitted sequentially in a time domain. 1. An integrated circuit comprising:at least one input which, in operation, receives a transmission signal from a transmission apparatus; andcontrol circuitry coupled to the at least one input, the control circuitry, in operation, controlsreceiving the transmission signal, the transmission signal having an aggregate physical layer protocol data unit (aggregate PPDU) that includes a first set and one or more second sets, the first set including a plurality of first fields arranged in order of a legacy preamble field, a legacy header field, a non-legacy header field, a non-legacy preamble field, and a data field on a time axis, each of the one or more second sets including a plurality of second fields arranged in order of the non-legacy header field and the data field on the time axis; anddecoding the transmission signal to generate decoded bits for the data field in the first set and the data field in the one or more second sets by using the non-legacy header field and the non-legacy preamble field,wherein the legacy preamble field, the legacy header field, and the non-legacy header field of the first set is generated as one stream, and ...

METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR POLARIZATION CONTROL IN A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

Controlling the polarization state of signals to be transmitted from a MIMO capable radio base station node to a plurality of user equipment, which radio base station node comprises a precoder unit connecting a first and a second virtual antenna port to a respective first and second transmit antenna port, by the steps of controlling a relative phase between transmitted signals from the first and second transmit antenna port to provide a predetermined pair of orthogonal polarization states for signals transmitted on the first and second virtual antenna ports, and interchanging the polarization states of the first and second virtual antenna ports, to provide transmitted polarized signals with alternating polarization states. 1. A method of controlling the polarization state of signals to be transmitted from a MIMO capable radio base station node to a plurality of user equipment , said radio base station node comprising a precoder unit connecting a first and a second virtual antenna port to a respective first and second transmit antenna port , the method comprising:controlling a relative phase between transmitted signals from said first transmit antenna port and said second transmit antenna port to provide a predetermined pair of orthogonal polarization states for signals transmitted on said first and said second virtual antenna ports; andinterchanging the polarization states of said first and second virtual antenna ports, to provide transmitted polarized signals with alternating polarization states,wherein said base station node is configured with a plurality of carriers covering a same sector and said polarization states are interchanged between at least two of said carriers in the frequency domain.2. The method according to claim 1 , comprising the further step of scheduling transmissions to said plurality of user equipment based on a current transmit polarization state in said cell.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said polarization states are ...

FORMAT FOR SELF-SCHEDULED RESOURCE ALLOCATION

There is disclosed a method for operating a radio node, the radio node being adapted for Device-to-Device (D2D) communication. The method comprises transmitting a data packet, the data packet comprising control information and data, the control information pertaining to the data. The disclosure also pertains to associated methods and devices. 1. A method for operating a radio node , the radio node being adapted for Device-to-Device (D2D) communication , the method comprising:transmitting a data packet, the data packet comprising control information and data, the control information pertaining to the data.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the data packet comprises at least one control field and at least one data field.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one control field and/or the control information is encoded for error checking and/or error detection.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a first control field contains control information pertaining to a second control field and/or a data field.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein control information indicates one or more transmission parameters and/or radio resources used or intended for use for transmitting the data or data field.6. A method for operating a radio node claim 1 , the radio node being adapted for Device-to-Device (D2D) communication claim 1 , the method comprising decoding a data packet claim 1 , wherein the data packet may comprise control information and data claim 1 , the control information pertaining to the data.7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the data packet comprises at least one control field and at least one data field.8. The method according to claim 6 , wherein decoding comprises decoding of a data field of the data packet based on control information indicated by or in claim 6 , and/or contained in claim 6 , one or more control fields of the data packet.9. The method according to claim 6 , wherein decoding of a control field of ...

Terminal apparatus and method for transmitting a response signal at a terminal

A terminal includes a decoder to decode a downlink control channel transmitted on one or more control channel element(s) (CCE(s)) in a search space including a plurality of CCEs. Processing circuitry in the terminal determines an uplink channel resource index based on the one or more CCEs, the uplink channel resource index having an association with a first uplink channel transmission spreading sequence and a second different uplink channel transmission spreading sequence. A transmitter transmits a response signal on an uplink channel using the first and second uplink channel transmission spreading sequences.

INFORMATION PROCESSING METHOD, INFORMATION PROCESSING SYSTEM, AND RECORDING MEDIUM

An information processing method performed by an information processing system including a storage device to process a plurality of data frames flowing in an in-vehicle network including at least one electronic control unit includes a receiving step of sequentially receiving a plurality of data frames flowing in the in-vehicle network, a frame collection step of recording, in a reception log held in the storage device, reception interval information indicating reception intervals between the plurality of data frames as frame information, a feature acquisition step of acquiring, from the reception interval information, a feature relating to distribution of the reception intervals between the plurality of data frames, and an unauthorized data presence determination step of determining the presence/absence of an unauthorized data frame among the plurality of data frames. 1. An information processing method , performed by an information processing system including a storage device , for processing a data frame flowing in an in-vehicle network , the method comprising:sequentially receiving a plurality of data frames flowing in the in-vehicle network;recording, in a reception log held in the storage device, reception interval information indicating reception intervals between the plurality of data frames as frame information;acquiring, from the reception interval information, a feature relating to distribution of the reception intervals between the plurality of data frames; anddetermining the presence/absence of an unauthorized data frame among the plurality of data frames.2. The information processing method according to claim 1 , wherein a normal model indicating a property of a normal data frame is further stored in the storage device claim 1 , andwherein in the determining the presence/absence of an unauthorized data frame, the presence/absence of an unauthorized data frame among the plurality of data frames is determined by using the feature obtained by using the ...

UPLINK CONTROL SIGNALING IN CELLULAR TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A method, apparatus, and computer program for controlling allocation of control message fields in uplink transmission in a cellular telecommunication system are presented. Uplink control message fields are allocated to the resources of a physical uplink shared traffic channel according to an uplink transmission scheme selected for a user terminal. The control message fields are allocated so that transmission performance of the control messages is optimized for the selected uplink transmission scheme. 1. A method of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) uplink transmission performed by a user terminal , the method comprising:coding control information with a first code to generate first coded control information;coding the control information with a second code that is different than the first code to generate second coded control information; andtransmitting the first coded control information via a first spatial stream and concurrently transmitting the second coded control information via a second spatial stream.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first code is a first spreading code and the second code is a second spreading code.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first code is a first scrambling code and the second code is a second scrambling code.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the control information is acknowledgement (ACK)/negative acknowledgement (NACK) information.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the control information is rank indicator information.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first coded control information is punctured and the second coded control information is punctured.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the transmitting further includes transmitting the first coded control information and the second coded control information via at least two antennas.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the transmitting further includes transmitting the first coded control information and the second coded control information via a physical uplink ...

Method and System For Improved Cross Polarization Rejection And Tolerating Coupling Between Satellite Signals

Methods and systems for improved cross polarization rejection and tolerating of coupling between satellite signals may comprise receiving radio frequency (RF) signals on a chip, where the RF signals comprising a desired signal and at least one crosstalk signal. The received RF signals may be down-converted to baseband frequencies, and the down-converted signals are converted to digital signals. Crosstalk may be determined by estimating complex coupling coefficients between the received RF signals utilizing a de-correlation algorithm across a frequency bandwidth comprising the desired and crosstalk signals. The down-converted signals may be low-pass filtered and summed with an output signal from a cancellation filter. The complex coupling coefficients may be determined utilizing the de-correlation algorithm on the summed signals, and may be used to configure the cancellation filter. Crosstalk may be canceled in a receiver path from a cancellation filter receiving low-pass filtered down-converted signals from another path.

TRANSMITTING APPARATUS AND MAPPING METHOD THEREOF

A transmitting apparatus is disclosed. The transmitting apparatus includes an encoder to perform channel encoding with respect to bits and generate a codeword, an interleaver to interleave the codeword, and a modulator to map the interleaved codeword onto a non-uniform constellation according to a modulation scheme, and the constellation may include constellation points defined based on various tables according to the modulation scheme. 2. The receiving apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the listed constellation points comprises constellation points in one quadrant claim 1 , andwherein constellation points in remaining quadrants are obtained by indicating each constellation point a which is defined in the list as a*, -a*, and -a, respectively, * indicating complex conjugation.4. The receiving method as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the listed constellation points comprises constellation points in one quadrant claim 3 , andwherein constellation points in remaining quadrants are obtained by indicating each constellation point a which is defined in the list as a*, -a*, and -a, respectively, * indicating complex conjugation. This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/881,076, filed Jan. 26, 2018, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/714,624 filed May 18, 2015, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.Apparatuses and methods consistent with exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept relate to transmitting and receiving date using broadcasting, more particularly, to the design of non-uniform constellations used in a Bit Interleaved Coded Modulation (BICM) mapping bits at an output of an encoder and interleaver to complex constellations.The current broadcasting systems consistent with the Digital Video Broadcasting Second Generation Terrestrial (DVB-T2) use a Bit Interleaved and Coded Modulation (BICM) chain in order to encode bits to be transmitted. The BICM chain includes a channel ...

Method and Apparatus for Combining Frames in WLAN

The present invention relates to a method performed by a station of a wireless local area network for combining information from received frames. The method comprises receiving () a first frame from another station of the wireless local area network, and determining () a radio characteristic of the first frame. The method further comprises comparing () the radio characteristic of the first frame with a radio characteristic determined for a previously received second frame, and determining () whether to combine information from the first frame with information from the previously received second frame based on the comparison. When it is determined to combine the information, the method comprises combining () information from the first frame with information from the previously received second frame. 120-. (canceled)21. A method performed by a station of a wireless local area network for combining information from received frames , the method comprising:receiving a first frame from another station of the wireless local area network,determining a radio characteristic of the first frame,comparing the radio characteristic of the first frame with a radio characteristic determined for a previously received second frame,determining whether to combine information from the first frame with information from the previously received second frame based on the comparison,and when it is determined to combine the information:combining information from the first frame with information from the previously received second frame.22. The method according to claim 21 , further comprising when failing to decode the previously received second frame:determining the radio characteristic of the previously received second frame,storing information from the previously received second frame and the radio characteristic of the previously received second frame,and wherein the radio characteristic of the first frame is compared with the stored radio characteristic of the previously received second ...

Systems/methods of conducting a financial transaction using a smartphone

Embodiments of inventive concepts are provided wherein a mobile device, such as a smartphone, may be configured to communicate with a base station, using a first mode, and to communicate with an access point using a second mode that comprises a level of security exceeding that of the first mode. The second mode communications between the mobile device and the access point are conducted over a short-range wireless link responsive to an identity of the mobile device and/or responsive to a biometric data being provided by a user of the mobile device. Such second mode wireless communications may include data relating to a financial transaction and/or other data that may require an increased level of privacy and/or security.

SEARCH SPACE FOR EPDCCH CONTROL INFORMATION IN AN OFDM-BASED MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

The present invention relates to a method for receiving control information within a subframe of a multi-carrier communication system supporting carrier aggregation, the method comprising the following steps performed at a receiving node: performing a blind detection for the control information within a search space by means of a first search pattern, wherein the first search pattern is one of a plurality of search patterns, each of the plurality of search patterns comprising a plurality of candidates distributed on any of a plurality of aggregation levels, and wherein the plurality of search patterns further comprises a second search pattern whose candidates are non-overlapping the candidates of the first search pattern on the same aggregation levels. 1. A transmitting apparatus comprising:circuitry which, in operation, maps downlink control information to at least one of a first search space or to a second search space, the first search space including a first set of PDCCH candidates corresponding to a plurality of aggregation levels, the second search space including a second set of PDCCH candidates corresponding to the plurality of aggregation levels and an aggregation level higher than any one of the plurality of aggregation levels, wherein for each of the plurality of aggregation levels a resource for each PDCCH candidate of the first set of PDCCH candidates does not overlap with a resource for any PDCCH candidate of the second set of PDCCH candidates; anda transmitter which is coupled to the circuitry and which, in operation, transmits the mapped downlink control information.2. The transmitting apparatus according to claim 1 , whereinthe first set of PDCCH candidates included in the first search space are allocated for localized transmission; andthe second set of PDCCH candidates included in the second search space are allocated for distributed transmission.3. The transmitting apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein resources for the first set of PDCCH ...

DECODING METHOD OF SOFTWARE MODEM IN LIMITED MEMORY ENVIRONMENT USING OVERLAPPING FRAGMENTATION AND PROGRESSIVE DECODING

The present invention relates to a decoding method of a software modem in a limited memory environment using overlapping fragmentation and progressive decoding, which processes packets in real-time and reduces power consumption in an environment in which memory is limited when the software modem is used, and the decoding method includes: (a) receiving a data packet from the signal processing device, by the software modem; (b) fragmenting the data packet, decoding the fragments by the fragment, and transferring a decoded MAC header to the MAC module, by the software modem; (c) analyzing the MAC header and verifying whether the packet is a data packet transmitted to the MAC module itself or the packet is damaged, by the MAC module; (d) directing, when the data packet is verified, the software modem to perform additional decoding on the data packet, by the MAC module; and (e) directing, when the data packet is not verified, the software modem to drop the data packet, by the MAC module. 1. A decoding method of a software modem in a limited memory environment using overlapping fragmentation and progressive decoding , which is performed by a signal processing device , the software modem implemented in a microcontroller (MCU) , and a MAC module , the method comprising the steps of:(a) receiving a data packet from the signal processing device, by the software modem;(b) fragmenting the data packet, decoding the fragmented data packets respectively, and transferring a decoded MAC header to the MAC module, by the software modem;(c) analyzing the MAC header and verifying whether the packet is a data packet transmitted to the MAC module itself or the packet is damaged, by the MAC module;(d) directing, when the data packet is verified, the software modem to perform additional decoding on the data packet, by the MAC module; and(e) directing, when the data packet is not verified, the software modem to drop the data packet, by the MAC module.2. The method according to claim 1 , ...

Signal Processing Device and Method by Use of Wireless Communication

It is an object to provide signal processing device and method by use of wireless communication, which is capable of analyzing status of the wireless communication in detail at a later date, compressing a wireless signal such that it can be reproduced, and reproducing the compressed signal to perform its re-reception. The signal processing device includes a reception processing unit that performs reception processing of a received signal wirelessly, a signal recording unit that records the signal, a signal compression unit that compresses an information. amount of the received signal, and a signal output unit that stores the received signal that has been compressed or outputs the same to an external device. The signal compression unit divides a signal, obtained by frequency-transforming the wireless received signal, into a signal portion large in amplitude value and a non-signal portion small in amplitude value on a frequency spectrum, calculates a representative value based on a feature quantity of the non-signal portion and combines the signal portion and the representative value into a compressed signal. 113-. (canceled)14. A signal processing device by use of wireless communication , comprising:a reception processing unit that performs reception processing of a received signal wirelessly;a signal recording unit that records the signal;a signal compression unit that compresses an information amount of the received signal; anda signal output unit that stores the received signal that has been compressed or outputs the received signal to an external device,wherein the signal compression unit divides a signal, obtained by frequency-transforming a wireless received signal, into a signal portion large in amplitude value and a non-signal portion small in amplitude value on a frequency spectrum, calculates a representative value based on a feature quantity of the non-signal portion and combines the signal portion and the representative value into a compressed signal.15. ...

Automatic Twist and Sway Compensation in a Microwave Backhaul Transceiver

A first microwave backhaul transceiver may comprise an antenna array and circuitry. The circuitry may determine misalignment of the first microwave backhaul transceiver, and electronically adjust a radiation pattern of the antenna array to compensate for the determined misalignment of the microwave backhaul transceiver. The circuitry may perform the adjustment of the radiation pattern in real time to compensate for effects of wind on the microwave backhaul transceiver. The circuitry may detect movement of the microwave backhaul transceiver and translate the detected movement into angular misalignment of the radiation pattern of the antenna array. The adjustment of the radiation pattern of the antenna array may comprise an adjustment of a polarization orientation of the antenna array. 1. A system comprising: determine misalignment of said first microwave backhaul transceiver; and', 'electronically adjust a radiation pattern of said antenna array to compensate for said determined misalignment of said microwave backhaul transceiver., 'a first microwave backhaul transceiver that comprises an antenna array and circuitry operable to2. The system of claim 1 , wherein said circuitry is operable to perform said adjustment of said radiation pattern in real time to compensate for effects of wind on said microwave backhaul transceiver.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein said circuitry is operable to:detect movement of said microwave backhaul transceiver; andtranslate said detected movement into angular misalignment of said radiation pattern of said antenna array.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein:said circuitry comprises one or both of: an accelerometer and a gyroscope;said circuitry is operable to perform said detection of said movement based on readings from one or both of said accelerometer and said gyroscope.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein said adjustment of said radiation pattern of said antenna array comprises an adjustment of a polarization orientation of said antenna ...

TRANSMITTING APPARATUS AND MAPPING METHOD THEREOF

A transmitting apparatus is disclosed. The transmitting apparatus includes an encoder to perform channel encoding with respect to bits and generate a codeword, an interleaver to interleave the codeword, and a modulator to map the interleaved codeword onto a non-uniform constellation according to a modulation scheme, and the constellation may include constellation points defined based on various tables according to the modulation scheme. 21. The method as claimed in claim s , wherein the listed constellation points comprises constellation points in one quadrant , andwherein constellation points in remaining quadrants are obtained by indicating each constellation point a which is defined in the list as a*, −a*, and −a, respectively, * indicating complex conjugation. This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/714,624 filed May 18, 2015, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.Apparatuses and methods consistent with exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept relate to transmitting and receiving date using broadcasting, more particularly, to the design of non-uniform constellations used in a Bit Interleaved Coded Modulation (BICM) mapping bits at an output of an encoder and interleaver to complex constellations.The current broadcasting systems consistent with the Digital Video Broadcasting Second Generation Terrestrial (DVB-T2) use a Bit Interleaved and Coded Modulation (BICM) chain in order to encode bits to be transmitted. The BICM chain includes a channel encoder like a Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) encoder followed by a Bit Interleaver and a Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) mapper. The role of the QAM mapper is to map different bits output from the channel encoder and interleaved using the Bit Interleaver to QAM cells. Each cell represents a complex number having real and imaginary part. The QAM mapper groups M bits into one cell. Each cell is translated into a complex number. M, which is the ...

DATA TRANSMISSION METHOD AND APPARATUS

A data sending method is provided. Media access control MAC payloads corresponding to a plurality of receiving devices are encapsulated in one MAC packet data unit (PDU), where the MAC PDU includes a header, the MAC payloads and identification information of each receiving device in the plurality of receiving devices; and the header includes a plurality of subheaders, the plurality of subheaders is subheaders respectively corresponding to a MAC payload corresponding to each receiving device, the MAC payload corresponding to each receiving device includes a MAC control element (CE) and/or a MAC service data unit (SDU), and the identification information is used for identifying each receiving device. The MAC PDU is sent. In the foregoing solutions, transmission of a MAC PDU during multi-user cooperated communication is implemented. 1. A data sending method , comprising:encapsulating, by a terminal device, media access control (MAC) payloads corresponding to a plurality of receiving devices in a MAC packet data unit (PDU), wherein the MAC PDU comprises the MAC payloads, identification information of each receiving device in the plurality of receiving devices, and a plurality of subheaders, each subheader in the plurality of subheaders corresponds to one MAC payload in the MAC payloads, the MAC payloads comprise at least one kind of a MAC control element (CE) and a MAC service data unit (SDU), and the identification information of each receiving device is used for identifying the corresponding receiving device; andsending, by the terminal device, the MAC PDU.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein each receiving device corresponds to a specific field that carries the identification information of the corresponding receiving device.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the specific field comprises a first field or a last field in all fields that correspond to the MAC payloads corresponding to one receiving device.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein ...

Adaptive Payload Extraction and Retransmission in Wireless Data Communications with Error Aggregations

Provided are systems and methods for adaptive payload extraction and retransmission in wireless data communications. An example method commences with transmitting a network packet to a receiver via a communication channel. The method further includes receiving a further network packet including a further payload. The method continues with determining, based on the payload and the further payload, an error vector. The method includes generating, based on the error vector, a plurality of indices. An index of the plurality of indices corresponds to a portion of a plurality of non-overlapping portions of the payload. The method further continues with selecting, based on the error vector, at least one index from the plurality of indices. The method includes sending, to the receiver via the communication channel, a further network packet. The further network packet includes the selected index and a portion of the payload corresponding to the selected index.

DATA TRANSMISSION METHOD AND APPARATUS

Media access control MAC payloads corresponding to a plurality of receiving devices are encapsulated in one MAC packet data unit (MU), where the MAC PDU includes a header, the MAC payloads and identification information of each receiving device in the plurality of receiving devices; and the header includes a plurality of subheaders, the plurality of subheaders is subheaders respectively corresponding to a MAC payload corresponding to each receiving device, the MAC payload corresponding to each receiving device includes a MAC control element (CE) and/or a MAC service data unit (SDU), and the identification information is used for identifying each receiving device. In the foregoing solutions, transmission of a MAC PDU during multi-user cooperated communication is implemented. 1. A data sending method , comprising:receiving, by a receiving device, a media access control (MAC) packet data unit (PDU) comprising a plurality of MAC payloads each corresponding to different one of a plurality of receiving devices, identification information of each receiving device in the plurality of receiving devices, and a plurality of subheaders each corresponding to a different one of the MAC payloads, wherein each of the plurality of MAC payloads comprise at least one kind of a MAC control element (CE) and a MAC service data unit (SDU); andobtaining, by the receiving device, from the received MAC PDU at least one MAC payload corresponding to the receiving device according to identification information.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of receiving devices corresponds to a one of a plurality of specific fields that carry identification information of the corresponding receiving device.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein each of the plurality of specific fields comprises a first field or a last field in a plurality of fields claim 2 , each plurality of fields corresponding to a different one of the MAC payloads that correspond to one of the ...

APPARATUS FOR IMPROVED COMMUNICATION AND ASSOCIATED METHODS

An apparatus includes a transmitter adapted to transmit encoded information to a communication link. The transmitter includes a DC balance skew generator. The DC balance skew generator is adapted to skew a DC balance of the information before information is provided to the communication link. 1. An apparatus , comprising a transmitter adapted to transmit encoded information to a communication link , the transmitter comprising a DC balance skew generator , the DC balance skew generator adapted to skew a DC balance of the information before the information is provided to the communication link.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the DC balance skew generator skews the DC balance of the information according to a preset level.3. The apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the DC balance skew generator further skews the DC balance of the information from the preset level.4. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the DC balance skew generator skews the DC balance of the information adaptively.5. The apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein the DC balance skew generator skews the DC balance of the information based on a bit error rate (BER).6. The apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising a receiver adapted to receive information from the communication link.7. The apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein the DC balance skew generator skews the DC balance of the information based on information about the communication link.8. The apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein the DC balance skew generator skews the DC balance of the information based on a frequency of re-transmission requests by the receiver.9. The apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein the transmitter applies pre-emphasis to the information before providing the information to the communication link.10. The apparatus according to claim 9 , wherein the receiver applies equalization to the information received from the communication link.11. An apparatus claim 9 , comprising: a ...

CONCEALMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON THE TRANSMITTING PARAMETERS

Embodiments provide a data transmitter having a transmitter configured to transmit a signal and a changer for changing a signal parameter configured to change at least one signal parameter of the signal or a parameter on which the signal parameter of the signal depends, wherein the signal parameter depends on an environmental parameter in an environment of the data transmitter. 1. Data transmitter , comprising:a transmitter configured to transmit a signal,a changer for changing a signal parameter, configured to change at least one signal parameter of the signal or a parameter on which the signal parameter of the signal depends,wherein the signal parameter depends on at least one environmental parameter in an environment of the data transmitter.2. Data transmitter according to claim 1 ,wherein the changer for changing the signal parameter is configured to provide the at least one signal parameter with an offset to change the at least one signal parameter.3. Data transmitter according to claim 2 ,wherein the at least one signal parameter is at least two signal parameters,wherein the changer for changing the signal parameter is configured to provide the at least two signal parameters with an offset each to change the at least two signal parameters.4. Data transmitter according to claim 2 ,wherein the offset is a constant offset and/or a time-varying offset.5. Data transmitter according to claim 2 ,wherein the offset is a random or pseudo-random offset.6. Data transmitter according to claim 2 ,wherein the offset comprises two offset components changing differently over time.7. Data transmitter according to claim 2 ,wherein the offset comprises two offset components,wherein a first offset component of the two offset components is a constant offset component, and wherein a second offset component of the two offset components is a time-varying offset component.8. Data transmitter according to claim 6 ,wherein the offset comprises two offset components,wherein a first ...

INFORMATION PROCESSING DEVICE, COMMUNICATION SYSTEM, AND INFORMATION PROCESSING METHOD

A communication system is a communication system that includes first and second information processing devices. The first information processing device performs control such that a signal (which is a signal having backward compatibility) serving as an index by which the second information processing device receiving a frame stops the reception of the frame is transmitted to the second information processing device. The second information processing device performs control such that the reception of the frame is stopped based on the signal (which is a signal having backward compatibility) serving as an index by which reception of the frame is stopped when the frame transmitted from the first information processing device is received. 1. An information processing device , comprising: receive an A-MPDU subframe from another information processing device, the A-MPDU subframe having backward compatibility and including at least one of an address of a transmission source (Transmission Address—TA), an address of a transmission destination (Received Address—RA), or an identifier of a group;', 'upon detecting a frame check sequence (FCS) up to a media access control (MAC) header of the A-MPDU subframe, in a case where there is no error in data of the MAC header of the A-MPDU subframe, stop reception of an A-MPDU including the A-MPDU subframe based on at least one of the TA, the RA, or the identifier of the group included in the MAC header of the A-MPDU subframe; and', 'set a carrier sense level for transmission in a case where the transmission destination or the transmission source of the A-MPDU of which the reception is stopped is not an information processing apparatus to which the information processing device is connected., 'processing circuitry configured to'}2. The information processing device according to claim 1 , whereinthe processing circuitry is configured to determine whether there is an error in data of the MAC header based on a comparison result between the ...

METHOD FOR DETERMINING A TRANSPORT BLOCK SIZE AND WIRELESS DEVICE

A disclosure of this specification provides a method performed by a wireless device for determining a transport block size (TBS). The method may include the steps of determining a number of resource elements (REs) within a slot, calculating a value related to the TBS, based on the determined number of REs and a code rate, comparing the calculated value with a pre-determined threshold value, determining the TBS according to the comparison, wherein, if the calculated value is smaller than or equal to the pre-determined threshold value, the TBS may be determined using a predetermined table. 1. A method for determining a transport block size (TBS) , the method performed by a wireless device and comprising:determining a number of resource elements (REs) within a slot;calculating a value related to the TBS, based on the determined number of REs and a code rate;comparing the calculated value with a pre-determined threshold value;determining the TBS according to the comparison,wherein if the calculated value is smaller than or equal to the pre-determined threshold value, the TBS is determined using a predetermined table.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein if the calculated value is greater than the pre-determined threshold value claim 1 , the TBS is determined using a mathematical function claim 1 ,wherein the mathematical function includes quantizing the calculated value.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the mathematical function includes a ceiling function4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising quantizing the calculated value.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the value related to the TBS is calculated in further consideration of a modulation order and a number of layers.6. The method of claim 1 , whereinthe number of resource elements (REs) is determined except for REs for a reference signal.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the TBS is used to transmit a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) or receive a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH).8. A wireless ...

SEARCH SPACE FOR NON-INTERLEAVED R-PDCCH

The present invention relates to providing control information within a search space for blind decoding in a multi-carrier communication system. In particular, the control information is carried within a sub-frame of the communication system, the sub-frame including a plurality of control channel elements. The control channel elements may be aggregated into candidates for blind decoding. The number of control channel elements in a candidate is called aggregation level. In accordance with the present invention, the candidates of lower aggregation levels are localized, meaning that the control channel elements of one candidate are located adjacently to each other in the frequency domain. Some candidates of the higher aggregation level(s) are distributed in the frequency. 1. An integrated circuit comprising:at least one input, which, in operation, inputs data; andcircuitry, which is coupled to the at least one input and which, in operation, controls:reception of downlink control information mapped to a search space configured on a data region of a downlink subframe, the search space including a plurality of candidates to which the downlink control information may be mapped by a transmission apparatus, and each candidate including a control channel element (CCE) or a plurality of aggregated CCEs, wherein a first aggregation level value for localized allocation where CCE(s) included in a candidate are localized in a frequency domain is smaller than a second aggregation level value for distributed allocation where CCEs included in the candidate are at least partially distributed in the frequency domain; anddecoding of the search space to obtain the downlink control information that is mapped to one of the plurality of candidates included in the search space.2. The integrated circuit according to claim 1 , wherein the first aggregation level value is a value indicating a maximum aggregation level available for the localized allocation and the second aggregation level value ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR HIGH RANK MULTIPLE-INPUT MULTIPLE-OUTPUT (MIMO) SYMBOL DETECTION

A method and an apparatus in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless communication system are provided. A signal is received over a channel. The channel is decomposed into a plurality of virtual channels. Symbol detection is performed on each of the plurality of virtual channels using respective symbol detectors. At least one of the symbol detectors has a lower rank than that of the channel. Output from the symbol detectors is combined to obtain final log likelihood ration (LLR) values for layers of the channel. Decoding is performed using the final LLR values to output a decoded symbol value of the received signal. 1. A method of operating an electronic device in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless communication system , the method comprising:receiving a signal over a channel;decomposing the channel into a plurality of virtual channels;performing symbol detection on each of the plurality of virtual channels using respective symbol detectors, wherein at least one of the symbol detectors has a lower rank than that of the channel;combining output from the symbol detectors to obtain final log likelihood ratio (LLR) values for layers of the channel; andperforming decoding using the final LLR values to output a decoded symbol value for the received signal.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the plurality of virtual channels has a lower rank than that of the channel.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in decomposing the channel claim 1 , a different combination of layers claim 1 , from among the layers of the channel claim 1 , is preprocessed for each of the plurality of virtual channels.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of symbol detectors has a lower rank than that of the channel.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the channel is a rank-8 channel and the symbol detectors comprise a plurality of rank-4 symbol detectors or a plurality of rank-2 symbol detectors.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ...

TRANSMITTING APPARATUS AND MAPPING METHOD THEREOF

A transmitting apparatus is disclosed. The transmitting apparatus includes an encoder to perform channel encoding with respect to bits and generate a codeword, an interleaver to interleave the codeword, and a modulator to map the interleaved codeword onto a non-uniform constellation according to a modulation scheme, and the constellation may include constellation points defined based on various tables according to the modulation scheme. 2. The transmitting apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the interleaver is configured to split the codeword into a plurality of bit groups and interleave the plurality of bit groups to provide the interleaved codeword.3. The transmitting apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the constellation mapper is configured to demultiplex the bits of the interleaved codeword into parallel streams to generate cells and map the cells onto the constellation points. This application is a Continuation of application Ser. No. 16/105,417 filed Aug. 20, 2018, which is a Continuation of application Ser. No. 15/705,749 filed Sep. 15, 2017, and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,057,005, on Aug. 21, 2018, which is a Continuation of application Ser. No. 14/716,222 filed May 19, 2015, and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,800,365, on Oct. 24, 2017, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.Apparatuses and methods consistent with exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept relate to transmitting and receiving date using broadcasting, more particularly, to the design of non-uniform constellations used in a Bit Interleaved Coded Modulation (BICM) mapping bits at an output of an encoder and interleaver to complex constellations.The current broadcasting systems consistent with the Digital Video Broadcasting Second Generation Terrestrial (DVB-T2) use a Bit Interleaved and Coded Modulation (BICM) chain in order to encode bits to be transmitted. The BICM chain includes a channel encoder like a Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) ...

RECEIVER FOR RECEIVING DATA IN A BROADCAST SYSTEM USING REDUNDANCY DATA

A receiver for receiving data in a broadcast system comprises a broadcast receiver configured to receive, via said broadcast system, a receiver input data stream comprising a plurality of channel symbols represented by constellation points in a constellation diagram. A demodulator demodulates said channel symbols into codewords and a decoder decodes said codewords into output data words. A redundancy unit selects or requests, if demodulation of a channel symbol and/or decoding of a codeword is erroneous or likely to fail, redundancy data for demodulation of future channel symbols and/or decoding of future codewords via a broadband system and a broadband receiver obtains said redundancy data via said broadband system. Said demodulator and/or said decoder is configured to use the obtained redundancy data to demodulate the respective future channel symbols and to decode the respective future codewords, respectively. 1. A receiver for receiving signals representing content data , the receiver comprising circuitry configured to:receive and recover forward error correction encoded data from the signals;request redundancy data, by selecting and contacting a redundancy data source from a list comprising a plurality of redundancy data sources when recovery of a part of content data from the forward error encoded data has not been possible;receiving redundancy data in response to the request; andrecovering the content data from the forward error correction encoded data and the redundancy data.2. The receiver as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the redundancy data completes a part of the forward error correction encoded data and enables recovery of the content data.3. The receiver as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the redundancy data completes a part of the forward error correction encoded data and enables recovery the content data including the part of the content data for which recovery has not been possible.4. The receiver as claimed in claim 1 , wherein contacting the redundancy ...

Uplink Control Signaling on PUSCH with Shortened Transmission Time Interval (TTI)

According to an aspect, a transmitting device determines, for each of a plurality of transmissions, whether user data to be transmitted within a time transmission interval, TTT, will be closest in time to a DMRS transmitted before the user data or after the user data. If before the user data, all HARQ ACK/NACK data for the transmission is mapped to the earliest in time SC-FDMA symbol carrying user data in the transmission, and to pre-DFT symbols closest in time to the DMRS transmitted before the user data. If after the user data, all HARQ ACK/NACK data for the transmission is mapped to the last in time SC-FDMA symbol carrying user data in the transmission, and to pre-DFT symbols closest in time to the DMRS transmitted after the user data. SC-FDMA signals are formed from user data and control information for the transmission, based on the mapping. 136-. (canceled)37. A method , in a transmitting device , of mapping control information within a transmission time interval (TTI) for each of a plurality of transmissions of control information and user data as Single-Carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) signals , wherein each transmission comprises one or more SC-FDMA symbols and where the control information in each transmission comprises at least Hybrid Automatic Repeat-Request (HARQ) ACK/NACK data , the method comprising:determining, for each transmission, whether user data to be transmitted in the transmission will be closest in time to a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) transmitted before the user data or to a DMRS transmitted after the user data;for each transmission in which user data to be transmitted in the transmission will be closest in time to DMRS transmitted before the user data, mapping all HARQ ACK/NACK data for the transmission to the earliest in time SC-FDMA symbol carrying user data within the transmission and to pre-Discrete Fourier Transform (pre-DFT) symbols that correspond to that SC-FDMA symbol and that are closest in time to ...

NETWORK INFORMATION TRANSMISSION IN A MOBILE COMMUNICATION NETWORK

A method for transmitting broadcast network information in a mobile wireless communication network includes a plurality of network nodes. The method includes providing a compression of broadcast network information related to a group of coordinated network nodes of the plurality of network nodes; coding the compressed broadcast network information by segmenting the compressed broadcast network information into a number of blocks and linearly combining the blocks into a plurality of linear combinations of blocks; and transmitting the linear combinations of blocks by the group of coordinated network nodes. 1. A method for transmitting broadcast network information in a mobile wireless communication network comprising a plurality of network nodes , said method comprising:a) providing a compression of broadcast network information related to a group of coordinated network nodes of said plurality of network nodes;b) coding said compressed broadcast network information by segmenting said compressed broadcast network information into a number of blocks and linearly combining said blocks into a plurality of linear combinations of blocks; andc) transmitting said linear combinations of blocks by said group of coordinated network nodes.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises associating said group of coordinated network nodes with a group identifier and each coordinated network node with a joint cell identifier comprising said group identifier and a specific cell identifier.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said providing a compression of broadcast network information comprises eliminating redundancies in the broadcast network information of said group of coordinated network nodes.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein said providing a compression of broadcast network information comprises implementing a lossless compression algorithm.5. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 , after said coding claim 1 , ...

BANDWIDTH CODING FOR CHANNEL BONDING ACCESS

Disclosed herein are techniques to provide an indication of bandwidth to establish a TxOP using channel bonding. An information element may be generated to include an RTS frame or a CTS frame and an indication of bandwidth in a parity portion of the information element. The indication of bandwidth may be included by using 16 bits of the parity bits of parity bytes for a PHY header of the information element. 1. An apparatus for a device in a wireless network , the apparatus comprising:circuitry;an encoder to be executed by the circuitry, the encoder to encode bandwidth information into a packet to communicate over a wireless network, the packet to include a parity byte portion, the encoder to encode the bandwidth information into the parity byte portion; andan interface to be executed by the circuitry, the interface to establish a transmit opportunity (TxOP) and to use channel bonding during the TxOP, the channel bonding based in part on the bandwidth information.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , comprising a radio operably coupled to the circuitry claim 1 , the interface to establish the TxOP with a receiving device via the radio claim 1 , the radio to send the packet to the receiving device as radio frequency signals.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the radio comprises a Wi-Fi radio.4. The apparatus of claim 3 , comprising at least one of an antenna or an antenna array claim 3 , the antenna or antenna array operably coupled to the radio.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , the packet to include an indication of a request to send (RTS) frame or a clear to send (CTS) frame.6. The apparatus of claim 1 , the packet to include a physical layer (PHY) header claim 1 , the parity byte portion to include a plurality of parity bytes corresponding to the PHY layer header.7. The apparatus of claim 6 , the encoder to encode the bandwidth information into a subset of the plurality of parity bytes.8. The apparatus of claim 7 , the encoder to encode the bandwidth information based in ...

Adaptive downlink control channel structure for 5g or other next generation networks

An adaptive downlink control channel structure is provided to enable a transmitter to switch between forward error correction codes that use either Chase combining or incremental redundancy hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) techniques. Chase combining HARQ can be more efficient for forward error correction codes that use higher code rates, while incremental redundancy can be more effective for forward error correction codes that use lower code rates. The transmitter will also selectively comprise the redundancy version indicator bits depending on the HARQ method selected, which can reduce the sizes of the transport blocks when not using incremental redundancy. A receiver device can also decode transport blocks and determine whether a redundancy version indicator is present based on the forward error correction code selected.

INFORMATION PROCESSING APPARATUS, INFORMATION PROCESSING METHOD, AND PROGRAM

Data communication is performed appropriately. 1. An information processing apparatus comprising: 'perform control of performing transmission while including determination information with which a device in a transmission destination of the data determines in a data link layer whether to pass the data to a higher layer of the data link layer into the data when transmitting data by using wireless communication.', 'processing circuitry configured to'}2. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the processing circuitry is further configured toperform control of performing transmission while including the determination information into a frame designating a predetermined value in LLC/SNAP.3. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the processing circuitry is further configured toperform control of performing transmission while adding a frame, which includes as the determination information a redundancy signal to perform error correction in the data link layer, to a data frame in which a frame including the data is coded in a unit of a MAC frame.4. The information processing apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the processing circuitry is further configured toperform control of performing transmission while including the redundancy signal into a frame designating a value, which indicates that the redundancy signal is included, in LLC/SNAP.5. The information processing apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the processing circuitry is further configured toperform control of performing transmission while including the redundancy signal into an action frame.6. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the processing circuitry is further configured toperform control of performing transmission while adding, in front of a frame to transmit the data, accompanying information that is information used in performance of error correction in the data link layer and that includes a coding method of ...

SIGNAL TRANSCEIVING SYSTEM AND METHOD

A signal transceiving system includes: a first signal transceiver terminal; and a second signal transceiver terminal wired coupled to the first signal transceiver terminal. The first signal transceiver terminal transmits a digital signal to the second signal transceiver terminal. In response to detection of a first signal edge, the second signal transceiver terminal starts counting of a first time slot. Based on a count of at least one signal edge detected during the first time slot, the second signal transceiver terminal judges the digital signal as being logic “0” or logic “1”. 1. A signal transceiving system including:a first signal transceiver terminal; anda second signal transceiver terminal wired coupled to the first signal transceiver terminal;whereinthe first signal transceiver terminal transmits a digital signal to the second signal transceiver terminal;in response to detection of a first signal edge, the second signal transceiver terminal starts counting of a first time slot; andbased on a count of at least one signal edge detected during the first time slot, the second signal transceiver terminal judges the digital signal as being logic “0” or logic “1”.2. The signal transceiving system according to claim 1 , wherein if the count of at least one signal edge detected during the first time slot is odd claim 1 , the second signal transceiver terminal judges the digital signal as being logic “0”.3. The signal transceiving system according to claim 1 , wherein if the count of at least one signal edge detected during the first time slot is even claim 1 , the second signal transceiver terminal judges the digital signal as being logic “1”.4. The signal transceiving system according to claim 1 , wherein the first signal edge includes a signal rising edge or a signal falling edge.5. The signal transceiving system according to claim 1 , wherein a length of the first time slot is predetermined claim 1 , or dynamically determined by the first signal transceiver ...

System and Method to Detect and Communicate Loss and Retention of Synchronization in a Real-Time Data Transfer Scheme

A system and method are described for correcting for a loss of message boundary in a real-time data transmission over an interconnect between a source node and a destination node in an apparatus. In the apparatus, a destination node received one or more messages, wherein each message includes one or more data frames, and each data frame of each message includes an end-of-message flag and a message sequence number, the end-of-message flag set when the data frame is the last data frame in a particular message, and the message sequence number is different for different messages. A loss of message boundary is determined for a previous message when a new data frame of a new message is received and the new message sequence number of the new data frame is different from the previous message sequence number and a last received data frame did not include a set end-of-message flag. To establish re-synchronization, the destination node transmits a synchronization loss message to the source node, and the destination node receives in reply a status report message, and the destination node can regain synchronization of the last received message data such that a previous message boundary can be determined according to the status report message.

Method and apparatus for detecting packet

Disclosed is a method and apparatus to detect an intended packet by a sliding intermediate frequency (SIF) coherent ultra low power (ULP) wireless receiver. The method includes detecting a transition from a noise period to a signal period in a pair of input sequences received, dynamically adjusting a gain of the pair of input sequences in response to the signal period being initiated, distinguishing an intended packet from packets received in preambles included in the pair of input sequences, and compensating for a carrier frequency offset of the intended packet in the signal period.

ENABLING USE OF NON-VOLATILE MEDIA - EXPRESS (NVME) OVER A NETWORK

Enabling a protocol for efficiently and reliably using the NVME protocol over a network, referred to as NVME over Network, or NVMEoN, may include an NVMEoN exchange layer for handling exchanges between initiating and target nodes on a network, a burst transmission protocol that provides guaranteed delivery without duplicate retransmission, and an exchange status block approach to manage state information about exchanges. 1. A system comprising:a proxy controller disposed to communicate Non-Volatile Memory Exchange (NVME) commands with a host computer, the proxy controller structured to transport the NVME commands over a network;a remote virtual controller disposed to communicate the NVME commands over the network with the proxy controller, the remote virtual controller structured to perform the NVME commands received over the network on a non-volatile memory (NVM) with which the remote virtual controller is locally connected; anda burst transmission protocol administered by the proxy controller, the burst transmission protocol structured to initiate a burst window and to close the burst window based, in part, on a credit redistribution algorithm structured to control a flow of packets over the network on a sender-specific basis, the credit redistribution algorithm causing the control of the flow of packets to be administered differently for different senders.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the NVME commands are communicated over the network via an instance of the burst window initiated between the proxy controller and the remote virtual controller.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the burst transmission protocol administered by the proxy controller further causes a plurality of NVME commands to be encapsulated and communicated over the network during the instance of the burst window.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein a request credit of the burst transmission protocol indicates a start of a burst instance within the burst window and wherein an acknowledgement ...

Apparatus and method of constructing polar code

An apparatus and method of constructing a universal polar code is provided. The apparatus includes a first function block configured to polarize and degrade a class of channels W j to determine a probability of error P e,j of each bit-channel of W j , wherein jε{1, 2, . . . , s}, in accordance with a bit-channel index i; a second function block configured to determine a probability of error P e (i) for the universal polar code for each bit-channel index i; a third function block configured to sort the P e (i) ; and a fourth function block configured to determine a largest number k of bit-channels such that a sum of corresponding k bit-channel error probabilities P e (i) is less than or equal to a target frame error rate P t for the universal polar code, wherein the indices corresponding to the k smallest P e (i) are good bit-channels for the universal polar code.

System and Method for Auto-Detection of WLAN Packets using STF

A system and method of auto-detection of WLAN packets includes selecting a first Golay sequence from a first pair of Golay complementary sequences associated with first packet type, each Golay sequence of the first pair of Golay complementary sequences being zero correlation zone (ZCZ) sequences with each Golay sequence of a second pair of Golay complementary sequences associated with a second packet type, and transmitting a wireless packet carrying a short training field (STF) that includes one or more instances of the first Golay sequence.

TRANSMISSION APPARATUS AND TRANSMISSION METHOD OF AN AGGREGATE PHYSICAL LAYER PROTOCOL DATA UNIT

A transmission apparatus includes a transmission signal generator which, in operation, generates a transmission signal having an aggregate physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) that includes a legacy preamble, a legacy header, a non-legacy preamble, a plurality of non-legacy headers and a plurality of data fields; and a transmitter which, in operation, transmits the generated transmission signal, wherein the legacy preamble, the legacy header and the plurality of non-legacy headers are transmitted using a standard bandwidth, the non-legacy preamble and the plurality of data fields are transmitted using a variable bandwidth that is larger than the standard bandwidth and wherein a plurality of sets of each of the plurality of non-legacy headers and each of the plurality of data fields are transmitted sequentially in a time domain. 1. A reception apparatus comprising:a receiver which, in operation, receives, from a transmission apparatus, a transmission signal having an aggregate physical layer protocol data unit (aggregate PPDU) that includes a first set and one or more second sets, the first set including a plurality of first fields arranged in order of a legacy preamble field, a legacy header field, a non-legacy header field, a non-legacy preamble field, and a data field on a time axis, each of the one or more second sets including a plurality of second fields arranged in order of the non-legacy header field and the data field on the time axis; anda decoder which, in operation, decodes the transmission signal to generate decoded bits for the data field in the first set and the data field in the plurality of second sets by using the non-legacy header field and the non-legacy preamble field, whereinthe legacy preamble field, the legacy header field, and the non-legacy header field of the first set is generated as one stream, and the data field of the first set and the data field of the one or more second set are generated as a plurality of streams at the ...

Downlink control information receiving method and user equipment, and downlink control information transmitting method and base station

A method for a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system includes determining a coverage enhancement (CE) mode, wherein the CE mode is determined as one of a plurality of predetermined CE modes, wherein the plurality of predetermined CE modes comprise CE mode A and CE mode B; receiving downlink control information (DCI) related to scheduling a data channel, wherein a format of the DCI is related to the CE mode; and communicating the data channel based on the DCI. Further, determining the CE mode includes based on information related to indicating the CE mode being received, determining the CE mode as identical to the CE mode indicated based on the information.